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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A71305	Purchas his pilgrimes. part 3 In fiue bookes. The first, contayning the voyages and peregrinations made by ancient kings, patriarkes, apostles, philosophers, and others, to and thorow the remoter parts of the knowne world: enquiries also of languages and religions, especially of the moderne diuersified professions of Christianitie. The second, a description of all the circum-nauigations of the globe. The third, nauigations and voyages of English-men, alongst the coasts of Africa ... The fourth, English voyages beyond the East Indies, to the ilands of Iapan, China, Cauchinchina, the Philippinæ with others ... The fifth, nauigations, voyages, traffiques, discoueries, of the English nation in the easterne parts of the world ... The first part.	Purchas, Samuel, 1577?-1626.	1625 (1625)	STC 20509_pt3; ESTC S111862	2,393,864	1,207

the English and Spanish Fleets the Sea flight of the Spanish and miserable disasters in their returne Their lyes The Queenes religious triumph pag. 1895. Squadron of the Galeons of Portugall p. 1898. Don Alonso Peres de Gusman the good Duke of Medina Sidonia Countie of Nebla Marquesse of Casheshe in Africa Lord of the Citie of Saint Lucar Captaine Generall of the Occian Sea of the Coast of Andaluzia and of this Armie of his Maiestie and Knight of the honorable Order of the golden Fleece pag. 1902. The true relation of the successe of the Catholike Armie against their Enemies by the Letters of the Post-master of Logrono of the fourth of September and by Letters from Roan of the 31. of August and by Letters from Paris of the Kings Embassadour there wherein hee declareth the imprisonment of Francis Drake and other great Nobles of England and how the Queene is in the field with an Armie and of a certaine mutinie which was amongst the Queenes Armie with the successe of the said Catholike Armie since they entred in the Groyne till they came on the Coast of England with two Ballets compounded by Christouer Brauo a blinde man of Cordowa printed with licence by Gabriel Ramos Beiarano printer pag. 1913. CHAP. XII A discourse of the Portugall voyage Anno 1589. Sir Iohn Norris and Sir Francis Drake Generalls written as is thought by Colonell Antonie Wingfield imployed in the same voyage formerly published by his friend to whom it was written and here abbreuiated pag. 1914. CHAP. XIII A briefe and true report of the Honourable voyage vnto Cadiz 1596. of the ouerthrow of the Kings Fleet and of the winning of the Citie with other accidents gathered out of Meteranus Master Hackluyt and others pag. 1927. CHAP. XIIII The voyage to the Iles of Azores vnder the conduct of the Right Honorable Earle of Essex 1597. pag. 1935. § 1. The relation thereof by the said Earle and other Commissioners ibid. § 2. A larger relation of the said Iland voyage written by Sir Arthur Gorges Knight collected in the Queenes ship called the Wast Spite wherein he was then Captaine with Marine and Martiall discourses added according to the occurrences pag. 1938. The Conclusion of the Worke with some later aduertisements touching his Maiesties care for Virginia pag. 19●0 Maps and Peeces cut in Brasse or VVood in the last ten Bookes AMerica p. 857 America Meridionalis p. 882 America Septentrionalis p. 853 Map of the Arctike Pole p. 625 Borussia or Prussia p. 626 Hondius his Map of China p. 361 Purchas his Map of China p. 402 Denmarke p. 622 England p. 1980 Florida p. 689 Great Britaine and Ireland p. 1981 Greenland p. 468 Vlphilas Gottick letters p. 658 Hispaniola p. 861 Island p. 644 Lithuania p. 629 Liuonia p. 627 Magellan Streight p. 900 Mexican hieroglyphic histor cut in 65. peeces p. 1067 c. to 1117. Moscouia p. 778 Norwegia p. 620 Polonia p. 630 Russia p. 220 Noua Scotia p. 1874 New Spaine p. 871 Tartaria p. 234 Taurica Chersonesus p. 632 Virginia p. 1692 PEREGRINATIONS AND DISCOVERIES IN THE REMOTEST NORTH AND EAST PARTS OF ASIA CALLED TARTARIA AND CHINA THE FIRST BOOKE CHAP. I. The Iournall of Frier WILLIAM DE RVBRVQVIS a French-man of the Order of the Minorite Friers vnto the East parts of the World Anno Dom. 1253. TO the most Excellent and most Christian Lord Lewis by Gods grace the Renowmed King of France Frier William de Rubruk the meanest of the Minorites Order wisheth health and continuall Triumph in Christ. It is written in the Booke of Ecclesiasticus concerning the Wiseman He shall trauell into forreine Countries and good and euill shall hee try in all things The very same Action my Lord and King haue I atchieued howbeit I wish that I haue done it like a wise man and not like a Foole. For many there bee that performe the same Action which a wise man doth not wisely but more vndiscreetly of which number I feare my selfe to bee one Notwithstanding howsoeuer I haue done it because you commanded mee when I departed from your Highnesse to write all things vnto you which I should see among the Tartars and you wished me also that I should not feare to write long Letters I haue done as your Maiestie enioyned me yet with feare and reuerence because I want words and Eloquence sufficient to write vnto so great a Maiestie Bee it knowne therefore vnto your Sacred Maiestie that in the yeare of our Lord 1253. about the Nones of May wee entred into the Sea of Pontus which the Bulgarians call the great Sea It contayneth in length as I learned of certayne Merchants one thousand and eight miles and is in a manner diuided into two parts About the midst thereof are two Prouinces one towards the North and another towards the South The South Prouince is called Synopolis and it is the Castle and Port of the Soldan of Turkie but the North Prouince is called of the Latines Gasaria of the Greekes which inhabit vpon the Sea shoare thereof it is called Cassaria that is to say Caesaria And there are certayne head-lands stretching forth into the Sea towards Synopolis Also there are three hundred miles of distance betweene Synopolis and Cassaria Insomuch that the distance from those points or places to Constantinople in length and breadth is about seuen hundred miles and seuen hundred miles also from thence to the East namely to the Countrey of Hiberia which is a Prouince of Georgia At the Prouince of Gasaria or Cassaria wee arriued which Prouince is in a manner three square hauing a Citie on the West part thereof called Kersoua wherein Saint Clement suffered Martyrdome And sayling before the said Citie wee saw an Iland in which a Church is said to be built by the hands of Angels But about the midst of the said Prouince toward the South as it were vpon a sharpe Angle or Point standeth a Citie called Soldaia directly against Synopolis And there doe all the Turkie Merchants which Traffique into the North Countries in their Iourney outward arriue and as they returne home-ward also from Russia and the said Northerne Regions into Turkie The foresaid Merchants transport thither Ermines and gray Furres with other rich and costly Skinnes Others carrie Clothes made of Cotton or Bombast and Silke and diuers kinds of Spices But vpon the East part of the said Prouince standeth a Citie called Matriga where the Riuer Tanais dischargeth his streames into the Sea of Pontus the mouth whereof is twelue miles in breadth For this Riuer before it entreth into the Sea of Pontus maketh a little Sea which hath in breadth and length seuen hundred miles and it it is in no place thereof aboue sixe paces deepe whereupon great Vessels cannot saile ouer it Howbeit the Merchants of Constantinople arriuing at the foresaid Citie of Materta send their Barkes vnto the Riuer of Tanais to buy dryed fishes Sturgeons Thosses Barbils

wherein I vnderstand of the backwardnesse of your Voyage the which I am hartily sorrie for but you must be content seeing it is the will of God it shall be so and that other harbours take neighbours fare with you our best hopes of our Voyage was vpon you for of our selues we doe little in regard we are much troubled with Ice and haue bin so this ten dayes which hath made vs hale ashoare sixe or seauen times for it we haue had the windes at North-east and East North-east and at North-west which now keepes in the Ice we haue killed ten Whales whereof eight are made into Oyle which hath made one hundred and eleauen Tuns a halfe the other two were killed the fourth of this present being very large fish not doubting but they will make sixe and thirtie or fortie tunnes we haue the hundred tunnes aboord the rest Master Barker taketh in in regard Master Bushes shippe is not fitted up we shall make her fore-Mast to serue againe and all things else for this Voyage The fourth of this present George Wiuelden came from Horne-sound where they haue killed foure Whales they haue bin much troubled with windes Easterly also much Ice there is so much Ice off of Point Looke out that George could not get about This Ice hath put in young Duke of Hull into Horne-sound his ship being much torne with the Ice his Merchant is now aboord of vs his name is Medcafe whom the Captaine doth detaine his Voyage is vtterly ouerthrowne for he hath lost one shallop with sixe men and another shallop broken with the Ice his Ruther Irons being all broken his Steeme broke a way close to the Woodings also George did meete with a Fleming of Flushing burthen two hundred tuns the which he thinkes is cast away with Ice for the Ice did beate her very sore I vnderstand by M. Catchers Letter that there is eleauen saile of Flemmings and Danes about them I doubt not but we shall call them to account of how many tunnes of Oyle they haue made as they did call vs the last Voyage to account my loue is such vnto them that I protest I could wish with all my heart that we might goe and see them and to spend my best bloud in the righting of our former wrongs Also I vnderstood by Robert Foxe that A●rian of Flushing is one of them I should be very glad to see him that I might balance the account with him The Captaine willed mee to write vnto you concerning the Russe house that if you cannot set it vp that then you should make an English house of it and to place the post of a Deales length and to be three Deales in length and so much in breadth and so to couer it with Deales the next yeare and so he thinketh that it will make two frames also hee could wish that you would remoue the Coppers more vp into the Bay I pray you commend me to my louing friend Master Sherwine Master Wilkinson Master Henderson and Michael Greene also my loue remembred vnto your selfe I take my leaue hoping we shall see you at the Fore-land ere it be long till when I pray God to blesse you and prosper you in all your proceedings Resting still Bell-sound the fifth of Iuly 1619. Your assured friend to command ROBERT SALMON Iunior A Letter of I. CATCHER to Master HELEY from Faire-hauen Laus Deo this seuenteenth of Iune 1620. LOuing Brother with my best loue I salute you wishing you better then we at this time to haue good store of Whales to make for you and vs a Voyage for we haue seene small store of Whales but haue killed none as yet In the Flemish harbour there is three Flemings great shippes whereof is one Statesman of Warre who haue set to Sea eighteene shallops with three Biscaners in euerie shallop and in our harbour two of the Kings of Denmarkes ships who haue set to Sea seauen shallops with three Biscainers in euerie shallop the Hollanders haue killed one Whale and found one Whale of the last yeares killing I thought good to send to you the sooner because we hope you haue good store of Whales that you may send for vs to you which I pray God you may for we are in great doubt but our hope is if that you are not yet prouided to send for vs we haue a great time to stay in this Countrie in which time it may so please God that we may here make a Voyage For our selues one of our men is dead and one other sicke so that wee haue but one and fiftie men which is too little as you know therefore if you can spare vs three men they will stand vs in good stead if our Voyage commeth in there is to the Northward good store of Ice which putteth vs in good comfort that we shall haue Whales the Danes doe report that there is two shippes to come from Denmarke to our harbour but as yet are not come I pray you commend vs to Master Wilkinson Master Greene Master Hedlam Master Cleyborne Master Alpho and all the rest of our good friends Humfrey Moore is very sicke so that we shall want a Harponiere I know not what to write more to you for with griefe I write this Thus kindely taking my leaue beseeching God to blesse vs and send vs a good Voyage with a merry meeting I rest Your louing brother to vse IOHN CATCHER A Letter of ROBERT SALMON from Sir THOMAS SMITHS Bay Iuly 6. 1621. LOuing friend Master Heley with-my loue I salute you c. These are to certifie you that vpon the fifteenth of the last we arriued at Sir Thomas Smiths vnfortunate Bay since which time we haue killed sixe Whales which are almost reduced into Oyle being some seuentie tunnes or somewhat more so within a day or two we may goe sleepe for I feare we haue our portion of Whales in this place wee haue not seene a Whale this fourteene dayes and faire weather is as scarce as the Whales for ten daies together nothing but blow sometime Southerly and sometime Northerly I doe verily perswade my selfe that God is much displeased for the blood which was lost in this place and I feare a perpetuall curse still to remaine yet God I know is all sufficient and may if it please him send a Voyage in this place Newes from Faire-hauen I can write you none for as yet we haue not heard from him the reason thereof I cannot conceiue I feare his Shallop is miscarried for certainely else we should haue heard from him ere this or some other cause there is I pray God it be not so I pray commend me to Master Iohn Hedlam and tell him that the Master and Pilot doe set both their horse together being very great friends also I pray commend me to my Coseu William Driuer and Master Wilkinson wishing them all happinesse I am in good hope that you haue done some good vpon the Whale not doubting but

in nor out without the Magistrates leaue and writ to them of his Voyage and state desiring them to take some course to free him from that Prison that he might returne by Sea into India the Portugall way The Father had long before learned by Letters from India of this intended Iourney and yeerely expected him and made much enquirie of those counterfeit Embassadors but could not till now heare of him They were now therefore much joyed to read his Letters which in Nouember following came to their hands and one was presently sent to bring him by some meanes to Pequin not one of the Societie lest one stranger should hinder another but a Pupill which lately admitted had not yet entred his probation named Iohn Fernandus a wise young man with a companion a new Conuert skilled in those parts And if hee could not bring him thence by the Magistrates leaue or by other Arts he should stay there with him and write to the Company who by their friends would procure him passage This Iourney was vnreasonable in the hardest of Winter being almost foure moneths Iourney from Pequin Yet would not Father Matthew deferre any longer which if he had done Goez would haue beene dead before his comming Hee and two others of the Societie writ to him Meane-while Goez suffers more wrongs of the Saracens in this place then hee had done in the way and was faine to sell his Marble halfe vnder the price for prouisions whence he made 1200. Duckets and paid his Debts and sustained his Family a yeere Meane-while the Carauan came with their Captaine and he with entertainments was againe forced to borrow and because hee was chosen into the number of the seuentie two he prouided him of some Marble pieces without which had beene no going to Pequin Hee hid one hundred pounds in the ground that the Saracens should not know thereof Ferdinandus went from Pequin the eleuenth of December and his Seruant ranne from him at Singhan the Mother Citie of the Prouince of Sciansi carrying away halfe their prouision At the end of March 1607. he yet made shift to get to Soceu and found Goez lying on his Death-bed who had dreamed that one of our company would come thither the next day and sent Isaac into the Market who brought Ferdinandus to him Hauing receiued the Letters he brak into a Nunc dimittis as seeming to haue ended his Pilgrimage Eleuen dayes after Goez dyeth not without suspition of Poyson from the Saracens They had perpetuall Spies to watch and catch what he left which they did most barbarously execute and amongst the rest his Iournall was lost which he had written in very small Letters They sought for it to preuent payment of Debts there entred They would haue buried him like a Saracen but Isaac and Ferdinand excluded them and buried him with a recitall of the Rosarie in defect of other Bookes Thus died Benedict Goez a man of great parts which had after his admission done great seruice to the Societie howsoeuer he was not a Priest much esteemed by the Great Mogoll whom he auerted from the Warre of India He disswaded before his death that Ours should not trust the Saracens not aduenture this way as vnprofitable and dangerous And although hee dyed without Confession in so many yeeres yet he was cheerefull in the mercie of God and professed that his conscience did not accuse him of matters of any moment By a Tartarian custome they diuide the goods of the deceased amongst them all and therefore bound Isaac threatning to kill him if he turned not Mahumetan but Ferdinand put vp a Supplication to the Vice-roy at Canceu who subscribed that the Gouernour of Soceu should examine the businesse He first was fauourable but corrupted by bribes threatned to whip him and held him in Prison three dayes But he sold his Garments for want of Money and continued the Suit fiue moneths not being able at first to conferre with Isaac for want of Language Isaac only vttered a few Portugall words and the Iudge had thought they had spoken in the Canton Tongue At last Ferdinand learned to speake Persian and was able to conferre with him The Saracens pleaded that Ferdinand was a Chinese by his countenance the other a Saracen hee answered that his Mother was a Chinese whom he resembled But nothing moued the Iudge more then that he was an enemy to their Religion and pulling a piece of Porke out of his sleeue they both did eate it whereupon with laughter of the Assembly the Saracens abhominated both spitting at the Armenian and leauing the Suit saying that the Armenian was deluded by the China-coozener For in all the way to preuent offence Benedict and Isaac had abstayned from Porke And thus all was by the Iudges sentence restored to Ferdinand which had beene Benedicts but nothing was found saue Marble pieces which had beene hidden in the ground which was sold and yeelded to pay their Debts and prouision for their Iourney to Pequin whither both of them came They brought a faire gilded Crosse-Picture and the Charters of three Kings Cascar Quotan and Cialis which are reserued at Pequin for a memoriall Isaac related all this Storie to Father Matthew vpon credit of his memorie and hauing stayed a moneth was sent the wonted way to Amacao where being well entertayned hee in sayling thence to India was taken by Hollanders and lost both goods and libertie But the Portugals of Malaca redeemed him and he held on his course to India and hearing of his Wiues death went not to the Mogols Countrey but staid at Chaul and is now at the writing hereof aliue CHAP. V. A Generall Collection and Historicall representation of the Iesuites entrance into Iapon and China vntill their admission in the Royall Citie of Nanquin §. I. Of FRANCIS XAVIER MELCHIOR NVNNES VALIGNANVS RVGGERIVS and PASIVS FOrasmuch as we haue sailed so lately from the Philippinas to China and backe againe with our Friers and haue giuen you a Iesuits Land Iourney we thought it worthy our labour also to launch into the deepe of their Nauigations and to honour the Iesuits to whom in the following parts of this Historie we are so indebted with obseruing their Obseruations of Iapon and the intercourse thereof with China and from it as the greatest and most glorious Easterne Iesuiticall Conquest to ship our selues in their Barge to China How Francis Xauier now Sainted at Rome together with Ignatius Loiola first Founder of that Order laboured the Conuersions of Gentiles and Pagans to Christianitie as in other parts of the Indies so heere in Iapan I willingly acknowledge yea so farre am I from enuying either him or his Order or any other Order stiled Religious their Trophees of Conuersions that I could wish the Pope seated in Miaco and all the Iesuits Friers yea all his Iesuited Clergie fully possessed of the Bonzian Colledges Temples in Iapon whence a double good

our bed Chamber The twentieth the water did a little begin to fall and so continued falling by degrees The ninth of Iune my seruant Marmaduke Wilson came from Oust-zilma hauing Wintered there to buy and sell goods bringing with him such Commodities as the place doth affoord as Sables Rosomacks Wolues Ermins Squirrils c. The fifteenth we laded three small Lodias with goods to carrie downe to the Glouboka The three and twentieth I departed from Pustozer and came to the Glouboka the fiue and twentieth with two small Lodias laden with goods The eight and twentieth of Iune I obserued at the Glouboka which I found to lye in the height of 67. degrees 55. minutes and the Compasse varyed 18. degrees The last of Iune I went from the Glouboka to passe ouer the Drie Sea the wind at South but the wind comming to the North I returned backe the next day The second of Iuly being Sunday the wind at South South-east I departed the second time to come to the Zauorot but comming neere Dolgoy an Iland lying in the Drie Sea the Ice lay so firme that we could not passe but returned backe to the Glouboka The fourth of Iuly Iohn Copman came to the Glouboka bringing with him all our goods for sayle hauing payed all Customes and duties for the same The sixth of the same I departed the third time from the Glouboka the wind at South but did not continue but came to the East and East North-east so rowing alongst the shoare wee passed to the West side betwixt the shoalds and the shoare and hauing passed the Wester Iland called Lauetskoy we came to the Zackharreoueberage or Coast which doth lye South-west and North-east and put into a small Riuer where we stayed the seuenth all night and the next day with Sayle and Oares wee came to a Bay to the South of Casnets Nose where we stayed all night the wind East South-east The eight in the Morning we passed by Cuznets-Nose amongst the Ice hauing much adoe to get cleare the wind at North North-west and at Night we came to the Zauorot where were fiue and twentie sayle of small Lodias some going for Manganzea other for Fish and some going to Pustozer who told me they had beene aboord our Ship at Sea The ninth this day being Sunday our Ship came ouer the Barre where I was receiued not looked for The eleuenth at Night we departed from the ship and went to get downe our goods from the Glouboka and the Towne The sixteenth I departed from the Glouboka with three small Lodias laden with goods but the wind at East North-east two of them returned backe but I kept on and came aboord our Ship the eighteenth in the morning The twentieth the other two came with the goods aboord and the one and twentieth we returned to the Glouboka with three Boates and got thither that night The three and twentieth I came the second time from the Glouboka with three Boates with goods and the next morning came to our Ship where I remayned sending vp all the Boats the sixe and twentieth of Iuly The eight of August came Iohn Copman with Thomas Dogget bringing two Boats laden with goods fitting to set sayle for Holland but did not depart till the 21. of August And the three and twentieth of September giuing heartie thankes to God we arriued at Dort in Holland NOw for the manner of the Samoits in their Iourney their vpper Coat is called a Parka which is for the most part of Deere-skin and some of white Foxe or Woluerin which they weare the hayre or furre outward vnder that they haue another Coat which is called a Mallek made of young Fawne-skins or Hare-skins or Swan-skins very soft and well dressed a Cap of Beuer double and close to their heads with two flaps for their Eares tyed vnder their Chin a payre of Breeches of Deere-skin with the hayre inwards vpon their Feete they haue sockes or stockins of Deere-skin the hayre to their skin vpon that long Bootes which they call Pemyes made of the legges of Deere-skins thus apparelled they sit vpon their Sled● crosse-legged with a Deere-skin vnder them Two Deere being yoaked to a Sled they will runne with such swiftnesse and so long to continue as is not to be beleeued except to those that haue seene the same For riding post they will ride without rest or sleepe two hundred miles in foure and twentie houres but with their Argish or stuffe thirtie miles in twelue houres their Women vsually doe guide their Argish which is ten Sleds and to euery Sled a Bucke all made fast one after another the Men in the way doe prouide Wood for firing and doe hunt for all manner of Beasts Fowle which the women dresse It is the Womans labour to set vp the Choome or Tent making one place therein alwayes Holy which the woman must not set her foot into neither goe about the Tent round which if they chance to doe they will presently remoue all for feare of the Wolfe or Beare which they say would deuoure them if they did not remoue Their Tent or Choome is made in this manner first they set vp long Firre-poles then they haue sixe quarters double of Deere-skin which being set vp they throw Snow round about the edges a yard thicknesse leauing the top open for to vent smoake making a Fire in the middle spreading Deere-skins vpon which they lye in which manner it is altogether as warme as the Stoues in Russia they haue no Townes neither any certaine place of abode but with their Deere they trauell from place to place where they finde the best Mosse for their Deere Their Wiues they buy for Deere and will haue if hee haue abilitie foure or fiue Wiues with whom he lyeth by turn euery night seueral he is the richest man that hath most Deere or Daughters selling them to any that will giue most for them In their Marriages hauing agreed of price they vse not great Ceremonies onely they make a Feast to their friends after which the Woman is brought to the Man that hath bought her shee being hung with many Iron Rings and Brazen Bels all departing out of the Tent saue they two till the next Morning and then he departeth but if he bee one of wealth they will continue their Feast seuen dayes It falleth out many times that after they haue had their Wiues halfe a yeere or a yeere they will turne them backe to their Friends taking their Deeres againe paying for the charge of the Feast which is alwayes to bee made at her Fathers charge and losing the increase of his Deere They haue not knowledge of the true God but worship Blocks and Images of the Deuill vnto which they will strangle tame Deere rubbing the bloud on the Idols and eating the meate themselues When a Rich man dyeth because hee should not trauell on foot his

and lame men were called vpon to get them out of their Cabbins into the Shallop The Master called to me who came out of my Cabbin as well as I could to the Hatch way to speake with him where on my knees I besought them for the loue of God to remember themselues and to doe as they would be done vnto They bad me keepe my selfe well and get me into my Cabbin not suffering the Master to speake with me But when I came into my Cabbin againe hee called to me at the Horne which gaue light into my Cabbin and told mee that Iuet would ouerthrow vs all nay said I it is that villaine Henrie Greene and I spake it not softly Now was the Carpenter at libertie who asked them if they would bee hanged when they came home and as for himselfe hee said hee would not stay in the Ship vnlesse they would force him they bad him goe then for they would not stay him I will said hee so I may haue my chest with mee and all that is in it they said hee should and presently they put it into the Shallop Then hee came downe to mee to take his leaue of mee who perswaded him to stay which if he did he might so worke that all should bee well hee said hee did not thinke but they would be glad to take them in againe For he was so perswaded by the Master that there was not one in all the ship that could tell how to carrie her home but saith he if we must part which wee will not willingly doe for they would follow the ship hee prayed me if wee came to the Capes before them that I would leaue some token that wee had beene there neere to the place where the Fowles bred and hee would doe the like for vs and so with teares we parted Now were the sicke men driuen out of their Cabbins into the Shallop but Iohn Thomas was Francis Clements friend and Bennet was the Coopers so as there were words betweene them and Henrie Greene one saying that they should goe and the other swearing that they should not goe but such as were in the shallop should returne When Henrie Greene heard that he was compelled to giue place and to put out Arnold Lodlo and Michael Bute which with much adoe they did In the meane time there were some of them that plyed their worke as if the Ship had beene entred by force and they had free leaue to pillage breaking vp Chests and rifling all places One of them came by me who asked me what they should doe I answered hee should make an end of what hee had begun for I saw him doe nothing but sharke vp and downe Now were all the poore men in the Shallop whose names are as followeth Henrie Hudson Iohn Hudson Arnold Lodlo Sidrack Faner Phillip Staffe Thomas Woodhouse or Wydhouse Adam Moore Henrie King Michael Bute The Carpenter got of them a Peece and Powder and Shot and some Pikes an Iron Pot with some meale and other things They stood out of the Ice the Shallop being fast to the Sterne of the Shippe and so when they were nigh out for I cannot say they were cleane out they cut her head fast from the Sterne of our Ship then out with their Top-sayles and towards the East they stood in a cleere Sea In the end they tooke in their Top-sayles righted their Helme and lay vnder their Fore-sayle till they had ransacked and searched all places in the Ship In the Hold they found one of the vessels of meale whole and the other halfe spent for wee had but two wee found also two firkins of Butter some twentie seuen piece of Porke halfe a bushell of Pease but in the Masters Cabbin we found two hundred of bisket Cakes a pecke of Meale of Beere to the quantitie of a Butt one with another Now it was said that the Shallop was come within sight they let fall the Main-sayle and out with their Top-sayles and flye as from an Enemy Then I prayed them yet to remember themselues but William Wilson more then the rest would heare of no such matter Comming nigh the East shoare they cast about and stood to the West and came to an Iland and anchored in sixteene or seuenteene fathome water So they sent the Boat and the Net ashoare to see if they could haue a Draught but could not for Rocks and great stones Michael Perse killed two Fowle and heere they found good store of that Weede which we called Cockle-grasse in our wintering place whereof they gathered store and came aboard againe Heere we lay that night and the best part of the next day in all which time we saw not the shallop or euer after Now Henrie Greene came to me and told mee that it was the Companies will that I should come vp into the Masters Cabbin and take charge thereof I told him it was more fit for Robert Iuet he said he should not come in it nor meddle with the Masters Card or Iournals So vp I came and Henrie Greene gaue me the Key of the Masters Chest and told me then that he had laid the Masters best things together which hee would vse himselfe when time did serue the bread was also deliuered me by tale The wind seruing we stood to the North-east and this was Robert Billets course contrarie to Robert Iuet who would haue gone to the North-west We had the Easterne shoare still in sight and in the night had a stout gale of wind and stood afore it till wee met with Ice into the which we ranne from th●ne to thicke till we could goe no further for Ice which lay so thicke ahead of vs and the wind brought it after vs asterne that wee could not stirre backward nor forward but so lay imbayed fourteene daies in worse Ice then euer wee met to deale withall for we had beene where there was greater store but it was not so broad vpon the water as this for this floting Ice contained miles and halfe miles in compasse where we had a deepe Sea and a Tide of flood and ebbe which set North-west and South-east Heere Robert Iuet would haue gone to the North-west but Robert Billet was confident to go through to the North-east which he did At last being cleere of this Ice he continued his course in sight of the Easterne shoare till he raised foure Ilands which lay North and South but we passed them sixe or seuen leagues the wind tooke vs so short Then wee stood backe to them againe and came to an Anchor betweene two of the most Northermost We sent the Boat ashoare to see if there were any thing there to be had but found nothing but cockle Grasse whereof they gathered store and so returned aboard Before we came to this place I might well see that I was kept in the ship against Henry Greenes minde because I did not fauour their proceedings better then I did Then hee began very

ships being laden vnder the command of Captaine Thomas Edge An. 1617. Witches Iland was discouered and what voyage was made appeareth in the Letter following written to Master Decrow by William Heley Laus Deo in Portnick the 12. of August 1617. Worshipfull Sir MY dutie remembred May it please you to vnderstand that through Gods blessing our Voyage is performed in all the Harbours in the Countrie this yeere with a greater ouerplus then our ships will carry so that in some places wee must of force leaue good store of Oyle and Blubber behinde for the next yeere Wee are all for the most part readie to set sayle being full laden onely I desire to see the Coast cleere of Interlopers whereby our prouisions may be left in securitie We tooke a ship of Flushing called the Noahs Arke Master Iohn Verlile in Horne-sound hauing out of him two hundred hogsheads of Blubber and two Whales and a halfe to cut vp a great Copper and diuers other prouisions and sent him away ballasted with stones There were two more of them who were gone laden with Blubber before we could get thither hauing intelligence of our comming There were also two Danes who made one hundred and odde tunnes of Oyle and laded one ship for Copen-hauen the other with halfe the Oyle and Finnes for Amsterdam and left the Country about the sixth or seuenth of August And for Master Cudner he rid in Portnick where he killed eleuen Whales and made some seuentie and odde tunnes of Oyle which is laden aboord him and his Finnes In whom if our ships had come together thither as I desired I would haue laden fortie or fiftie tunnes of Oyle in him and displaced his men and sent him for England but bad weather hindring our ships getting thither and his sudden departure after our comming in with the Pleasure shee being laden and not sufficiently fitted to surprise him he escaped but I sent her away in company with him whereby he may not doe any hurt in other places in the Country I would haue had him to haue taken in some Oyle for which I offered him fraight so I might put some men into him to see to it and that it might be brought safe to London but he refused yet protesteth he purposeth to bring his ship and goods to London his voyage is by the thirds so that his men will rather dye then forgoe that they haue got The small ship Iohn Ellis is returned from the South Eastward hauing made some further discouery and killed some eight hundred Seamorse and laden the teeth and thirtie tunnes of hides and the rest of his lading in Oyle he brought some Sea-horse blubber with him He met with Thomas Marmaduke of Hull in those parts who had not done any thing when he saw him towards making a voyage but went for Hope Iland and no doubt but hee will doe much spoile there As for the Beare shee departed for Hamborough the third of August out of Crosse-road and the Gray-hound in company with her for England who I hope is safely arriued and by whom I hope you vnderstand of her proceedings at full The Whales killed this yeere in the Country are about one hundred and fiftie in number and the Oyle made will be about one thousand eight hundred and odde tunnes besides the blubber left for want of caske The lading of this ship is one hundred and eightie tunnes as by the Bill of lading here enclosed Thus hauing not further wherewith to acquaint your Worship withall praying God to send all home in safety with a good passage I humbly take my leaue and doe rest Readie at your Worships command in all dutifull seruice WILLIAM HELEY A Letter of Master ROBERT SALMON to Master SHERWIN In Sir THOMAS SMITHES Bay the 24. of Iune 1618. LOuing friend Master Sherwine I kindly salute you wishing you as much prosperitie as vnto my selfe c. Since our comming into the Bay we haue beene much troubled with Ice and Northerly windes so as we haue not beene two dayes free of Ice We had a storme Northerly which brought in much Ice so as we were inclosed withall eight dayes ther● went such a Sea in the Ice that did beate our ships very much for foure and twentie houres that I did thinke we should haue spoyled our ships but I thanke God we cannot perceiue any hurt at all it hath done to vs also we haue broken two anchors with the Ice we haue killed thirteene Whales but they yeeld but little in regard of the Ice which hath much hindred vs in our worke for in ten daye● we could not doe any worke the Bay was so full of Ice the Bay was full as low as Fox no●e and now at this present the Bay is full of shattered Ice the windes hanging Northerly keepes it in Here is fiue sayle of Flemmings which haue fourteene and sixteene pieces of Ordnance in a ship and they doe man out eighteene Shallops so that with theirs and ours here is thirtie Shallops in the Bay too many for vs to make a voyage there is at the least fifteene hundred tunnes of shipping of the Flemmings we haue reasonable good quarter with them for we are merry aboord of them and they of vs they haue good store of Sacks and are very kinde to vs proffering vs any thing that we want I am very doubtfull of making a voyage this yeere yet I hope Crosse-road will helpe vs for one ship the Company must take another course the next yeere if they meane to make any benefit of this Country they must send better ships that must beat these knaues out of this Country but as farre as I can vnderstand by them they meane to make a trade of continuance of it they haue euery one of them Graue Maurices Commission vnder his Hand and Seale we will let them rest this yeere and let who will take care the next yeere for I hope not to trouble them I pray remember my dutie to the Captaine and also to honest Master Thornbush and to Iohn Martin Master Smith doth remember his loue to you and to all the rest of his friends we are well at this present I thanke God I pray let vs heare from you when you haue any conuayance I hope wee shall goe home in companie together as wee came out Thus with my loue once againe remembred to you beseeching God to send vs all a prosperous voyage and ioyfully to meet I rest A Letter of Master TH. SHERWIN Bell-sound this 29. of Iune 1618. MAster William Heley your Letter I receiued wherein I vnderstand you haue tooke very great griefe which I am very sorry for but I am in good hope to come to you my selfe one of these dayes that I may comfort you with a good couple of Hennes and a bottle of Canary wine but I pray bee carefull of your selfe and keepe you warme and take heede the Nodis doe not pick out your eyes but as for the Flemmings let

them all go hang themselues and although you be not strong enough to meddle with them yet the worst wordes are too good for them the time may come you may be reuenged on them againe The Captaine wishes they would come all into Bell-sound and beat vs out and carry vs for Holland here is a great fleet of them in this Country Here came in two Flemmings but wee handled them very honestly but for feare of after-claps or had it beene the latter part of the yeere we would haue handled them better now they be gone for Horne-sound I would that they had all of them as good a paire of hornes growing on their heads as is in this Country As concerning our voyage Master Salmon can certifie you both in Horne-sound and in our harbour My brother Busse Iohn Martin and I dranke to you and wish you many a Venison pasty We haue so little to doe wee feare we shall all haue the Scuruy but we haue pulled downe the Flemmish house and brought it neere more fit for our turne Thus praying you to remember my loue to all at Faire-hauen I cease with my prayers to God to send you and vs all a prosperous voyage with all your good health that we may goe merrily home together A Letter of IAMES BEVERSHAM to Master HELEY From Faire-hauen the 12. of Iuly 1618. MAster Heley My commendations remembred to your selfe Master Salmon Master Smith and Master Beymond as also to Master Wilkenson Mate Headland Master Greene and the rest of our good friends with you wishing all your healths as my owne I am very sorry to vnderstand of the annoyances by the Flemmings both with you and other places as also of the small hope there is in making a voyage this yeere For our parts we are and haue beene so pestered with Ice these twentie dayes that we haue not beene able to goe out to Sea with our Shallops aboue twice in the time neither haue we beene able to doe any good by reason of foule weather and fogs nor haue seene any more then one Whale in all that time which after shee was killed turned vs to much trouble by reason of foule weather and forced vs at last to leaue her in the Ice where the Beares made a prey of her who I feare will spoyle her before shee be recouered We haue killed sixteene Whales besides whereof the Flemmish Biscainer stole one for which they haue promised satisfaction but they are so shut vp with Ice that they are not able to stirre either Ships or Shallops All the Sea to the Northward of Hakluyts headland and both Eastward and Westward thereof is packt so full of Ice that I feare it will ouerthrow our voyage and put our ships in much hazard the Lord release vs of that miserie in due time I neither haue nor will be slack to doe my best endeuours for the good of the voyage the prosperitie whereof I doe much wish and desire both here and in all other places I pray remember my loue to the Captaine by your next conuoy to the Southward with my commendations to all the rest of our friends thus for present wishing your health I kindly take my leaue and rest your louing friend I had thought to haue added a large Discourse of occurrents betwixt the Dutch and English in Greenland this 1618. and had prepared it to the Presse But hauing alreadie giuen some Relation thereof from Captaine Edge c. and seeing the insolencies of some of the Dutch were intolerable to English spirits which then suffered or hereafter should reade them I chose rather to passe them by aduising my Countrimen not to impute to that Nation what some frothy spirit vomits from amidst his drinke but to honor the Hollanders worth and to acknowledge the glorie of the Confederate Prouinces howsoeuer they also haue their sinks and stinking ●ewers too officious mouthes such as some in this businesse of Greenland beyond all names of impudence against his Maiestie and his Leege people as others elsewhere haue demeaned themselues whose lothsomnesse is not to be cast as an aspersion to that industrious and illustrious Nation Euery Body hath its excrements euery great House its Vault or Iakes euery Citie some Port exquiline and dunghils euery Campe the baggage the World it selfe a Hell and so hath euery Nation the retriments s●umme dregs rascalitie intempered distempered spirits which not fearing God nor reuerencing Man spare not to spue out that to the dishonor of both which sauing the honor of both can scarsly be related after them A difference is to be made of relation and personall faults of which we haue said enough in the East India quarrels twixt ours and the Dutch A Letter of IOHN CHAMBERS to W. HELEY Bel-sound Iune 16. 1619. LOuing and approued good friend Master William Heley c. I am forc't to write in teares vnto you for the losse of our Men by the most vncouth accident that euer befell vnto poore men The thirteenth of Iune last we were put ashore in the Ice Bay our Shallops being not aboord but as soone as wee heard of it we made what haste we could and haled our shallops vpon the Ice and went aboord our ship By that time we had beene there an houre making what meanes we could to get her out a maine peece of the Cliffe falling the fearefullest sight that euer I beheld being then aboord expecting nothing else but death with all the rest that were in her But God of his great mercie and prouidence deliuered vs that were not then appointed to dye that were past all hope of life for the Ice fell so high and so much that it carried away our fore-Mast broke our maine-Mast sproung our Bouldstrit and fetcht such a careere that she heaued a piece of Ordnance ouer-boord from vnder our halfe Decke houe me ouer boord amongst the Ice in all the sea and yet I thanke the Lord I was neuer hurt with a piece of Ice although it pleased God they were spoyled and killed close by me Thus hauing related vnto you the miserie of this our Voyage hoping of your aide and assistance in what you may I shall be euer bound to pray for you The Captaine bid me write vnto you for a fiue inch Haser which I pray you spare me and it be possible I haue writ the particular of our wants in my Brother Sherwins Letter which I pray you be a meanes to further me in Thus ceasing any further to trouble you I commit you vnto the Lord vnto whom I pray to blesse and prosper you in this your present Voyage with all the rest of your dayes The men that are killed are these My Mate Money Nicholas Greene and Allin the Butcher There be many more hurt which I hope will recouer it by the helpe of God and the meanes of a good Surgeon LOuing friend Master Heley I kindely salute you c. Your Letter I receiued the fifth of this present

you will haue sufficient for your selues and to helpe your neighbours the which I desire may be Other newes I haue none to write you So desiring God to blesse you in your proceedings in this your Voyage I take my leaue Resting Your louing friend to command ROBERT SALMON Iun. Nine Ships were imployed Anno 1622. of which one for Discouerie Their disastrous successe you may reade before page 469. The last Fleete Anno 1623. was set forth by the former Aduenturers vnder the command of Captaine William Goodlard William Heley being Vice-admirall Of the successe thereof you may read the Letters following Laus Deo in Faire-Hauen the foure and twentieth of Iune 1623. MAster Heley your health wished as also a happy accomplishment of your pretended Voyage desired I had written you according to order of all matters happening since our arriuall had not contrarie windes and weather premented and therefore haue taken the first opportunitie offering as present Wee arriued at our harbour with both our Ships in safetie vpon the third of this present blessed be God finding the yeare past to haue beene a verie hard season in regard of the great quantitie of Snow and lee but yet not very offensiue to vs in respect of our good harbour Touching our proceeding vpon our Voyage by the eight of this present we had killed thirteene Whales and then were all our Shallops constrained in by reason of foule weather till the fifteenth dicto and vpon the fifteenth we killed two more which being all boyled but the heads and then estimated will hardly make past eightie Tunnes which is a very small quantitie The weather continued bad till the twentie two dicto and vpon the three and twentieth we killed three more which by probabilitie will make neere fortie Tunnes And thus wee doubt not but by degrees we shall accomplish our Voyage by the grace of God As touching our order for the Flemmings wee went as yesterday aboord them supposing that wee should haue found the Danes there but they are not as yet arriued but wee found there fiue sailes of Flemmings the Admirall fiue hundred Tunnes the Vice-admirall of the same burthen the other three were two hundred each Ship hauing also fiftie or sixtie persons amongst them hauing foure and twentie Shallops belonging to their fiue Ships and are building Houses and Tabernacles to inhabit for they make new and substantially also they told vs they expected one or two Ships more euerie day after same time we had conference concerning the order giuen vs with the Generall Cornelius Ice and declared vnto him that the time granted them to fish vpon King Iames his New Land was expired and thereupon his Maiestie hath granted to our Principals a Commission vnder the broad Seale of England for the depressing of any Interloper or Flemming whatsoeuer that we shall meete withall vpon this Coast yet notwithstanding it pleased our Principals to appoint vs to goe aboord them and in a louing manner to informe them hereof which if you will condescend vnto the desist fishing you shall manifest your selues friends to our Principals if otherwise you shall cause them to compell by force who had rather perswade by loue Vnto which he answered that he heard of no such matter in Holland for if there were it should be certified by writing to which we answered that Sir Nowel Carroon their Agent was not ignorant of it who should giue information and saith he I haue a Commission from the Prince of Orange for the making of my Voyage vpon this Coast which was procured by my Merchants for my defence and this is that could be gotten by words from him Also at our first arriuall there rode two Biskie shippes with the Flemmings but within a day or two they waied and stood for the Southward but inquired of the Flemmings what port they were bound for they answered for the North Cape but Master Mason is perswaded they are at Greene-harbour to which purpose I wrote to Master Catcher that he giues order to his shallop that goes to Bel-sound to stand in for the harbour to giue the Captaine true information And so for present I rest intreating you to remember me to Master Salmon and Master Iohn Hadland and thus contracting my sailes lest the winde of my words carrie me into the Ocean of discourse here I anchor resting Your friend NATHANIEL FANNE Master CATCHERS Letter the nine and twentieth of Iune 1623. BRother Heley with my best loue I salute you wishing your health with a prosperous Voyage c. Since our departure we haue had much foule weather and troubled with Ice before we could get into harbour and after we came into harbour we neuer let fall anchor by reason of the Ice till the sixteenth of this month in which time we killed sixe Whales at the Fore-land which made but eighteene Tuns and a halfe and since we haue killed sixe Whales more which I hope will make in all vpwards of eightie Tunnes We haue fit nine Shallops verie well and I thanke God not one of our Men faileth saue one that was shot accidentally with a Musket I hope some of the Shutberne harbours will supply our wants if there be any which I feare there will our harbour manie say still is vnpossible to make a Voyage by reason that the Flemmings shed bloud there which I pray God to take that plague from vs. For Faire-hauen A doubt not but that you shall heare by the Letters sent you of the proceedings but Master Sherwin writ that there is fiue Flemmings of fiue hundred Tunnes a peece there was also two Biscainers which the English nor Flemmings would suffer to fish therefore they departed and said they would goe for the North Cape but I thinke they are in Greene-harbour or gone to the Eastward which if they be in Greene-harbour our Shallop going to Bel-sound shall touch there to see and so certifie the Captaine and know his will what he would haue done in it I hold it not fit that they should harbour there There are no Danes in the Countrie as yet c. Captaine WILLIAM GOODLARD'S Letter Bell-sound this eight of Iuly 1623. LOuing friend Master Heley I kindely salute you wishing health to you with the rest of your companie praising the Lord for your good successe in your fishing To certifie you of our proceedings wee haue killed here in Bel-sound three and thirtie Whales and lost manie more by Irons broken yet I hope sufficient to fill our ships we haue boiled a hundred and eightie Tunnes of which a hundred and sixtie aboord our Ship and make account sixtie tunnes more will fill our hould Our Whales here proue verie watrish and leane which maketh bad Oyle and hindereth vs much in boyling This present day our shallop came from the Fore-land at which time they had killed fifteene Whales verie small and are verie doubtfull of a Voyage there if God sendeth fish into this harbour I will not spare till I haue

of the Russes Many of them found grieuances notwithstanding in his too much respect to the Poles and many made question of his birth Many were suspected of conspiracie and diuers tortured which was but quenching fire with Oyle the ●●ame growing greater And now beganne Demetrius to repent of his ha●tie dismissing his guards and began a new Check-roll of Lieflanders and Germanes to which hee added an hundred English Halberdiers and as many Scots their Captaynes hee calleth Matthias C●o●senius and Albert Lant and an hundred French vnder Iaques Margeret armed with Partisan● Then also he inlarged his pay but too late Alexander Gosenskie Coruinus was sent Embassadour from Poland with rich Presents and Letters from King Sigismund to Demetrius which because they expressed not the Title of Emperour were not receiued not opened In excuse where of the Embassadour vsed words vnsufferable to Russian patience that he should goe and depriue the great Turke of those Titles Demetrius dissembled notwithstanding in regard of his past experience and hoped helpes from the Pole The dayes following were spent in pastimes and sloth Saturday was solemne to the Russians a Feast then happening which they preferre before Easter The Emperour and Empresse ●ate crowned in the Hall and made a great Feast to their owne and to strangers in which the Pole Embassadour refused to be present except he might sit at the Princes Table as the Russian Embassadour had beene honoured at Craco●ia The Russes denied stiffely but Demetrius at length yeelded Many peremptorie and licentious passages happened the Poles carrying themselues domineeringly to the Russes as Victors to the conquered Demetrius at first ouer-bold now beganne to feare and warned the Poles to bee warie and sent for all his guards On Friday the Russes preparing for offence and the Poles for their defence for they and not the Prince seemed to bee then in danger in the Euening the Nobles command the people to arme against the next day The Empresse was this while secure and made ready a magnificent Feast against Sunday But on Saturday the sixteenth of the Kalends of Iune the Conspirators assemble early and a great cry is raysed to kill the Poles and Demetrius Some greedie of spoyle runne presently to the Poles Lodgings assault them and embroyle all with slaughters Others runne to the Castle Few of the guard were there delay hauing bred securitie in Demetrius nor were any of their Captayne 's seene Margaret then lay sicke as he after told me Thuanus which disease saued his life Things were done with such furie and celeritie that many Russes in Polish attire were slaine before they were knowne Peter Basman came running forth halfe naked was killed by one of his own seruants Suiskie their Leader carrying a Sword in one hand a Crosse in the other caused the great Bel to be rung in token of fire that Demetrius might be raised come forth of his Parlor He awakned with the noyse now seeing a greater danger then fire taketh a Turkish Sword and suddenly slips downe out of a window breaking his legge with the fall whereby he was easily taken by the people and by Suiskoys command carried into the greater Hall where Embassadours haue audience There some vpbrayding his impostures he with his sword layd one on the ground and then desired the Nobilitie to permit him to speake to the people which was denyed Some say that he obtayned of Suiskey that he might be tryed by the testimonie of Vasilowich his Wife which being brought out of the Nunnery affirmed before the Nobles on her oath that her Sonne Demetrius was many yeeres before murthered by Boris his perfidies which she at first seeing the peoples fauour and iust reuenge on Boris willingly dissembled whereupon they ranne vpon him and with many wounds slue him Thus writeth Peter Paterson of Vpsal which then was in Russia When they had slaine him they thrust a rope thorow his secret parts and drew him thorow the myre into the Market place where he remayned foure dayes lying all gorie and myrie on a boord with Peter Basman vnder it and an vgly Vizar ouer it a Bag-pipe in his mouth with other lasciuious cruelties exercised on his dead body The Palatine Sendomir or Sandamersko was blocked vp in his House and other Poles Houses rifled many of which died not vnreuenged howsoeuer by numbers ouercomne Viteneskie after much slaughter of the assayling Russes when he saw Ordnance brought set forth a white flagge in token of yeelding bidding his Seruants cast abroad his money which whiles the people were gathering he and his made way with their Swords with great slaughter yeelded to the Boiarens which came from the Castle The miserable Bride was not only spoyled of inestimable Treasure but of all her Apparell and Iewels carefull only of her Father and Vncle and thinking it a happy purchase if she might saue her life and recouer her Countrey Meane-while without her Garment to couer her without Bed to lye on without securitie of life shee expected in poore Weeds the issue of the peoples furie Many Merchants endured like fates Ambrose Cellar besides the losse of thirtie thousand Crownes lost his life Ianies Win was with his own Sword beheaded Nathan lost one hundred and fiftie thousand Florens Nicola● Limborough fiftie thousand Two of Auspurg had lent two hundred thousand Crownes to Demetrius which now was not to pay them Marcellius lost an hundred thousand Florens Twelue hundred Poles lost their liues many were saued by the Boiarens Foure hundred Russes were slayne At night the tumult ceased Scarsly would the people giue leaue to bury the bodies after three dayes wallowing in the durt in the Germane Church-yard After this tempest was calmed the Boiarens assembled in counsell about a new Election where Suiskey made speech to them professing himselfe sorrowfull for that had passed in the execution of a iust zeale to the Imperiall Family and his Countrey and in hatred of a cruell Tyrant that Iuan Vasilowich how euer injuriously taxed by some had left Kingdomes annexed to his Inheritance as Monuments of his great spirit by whom he had beene sent to Stephen King of Poland to treate of peace and euer since had so carried himselfe in the State that none could justly blame him that Iohn being dead Theodore succeeded but another ruled who murthered the yonger brother and as was thought after that poysoned the other so attayning the Empire which how miserable was it all his time that Demetrius therefore whosoeuer he was found friends himselfe amongst others but when their Religion was endangered Forreiners aduanced Lawes violated Exotike fashions brought in liberties suppressed he withstood with the peril of his life which it grieued him to haue enjoyed as a Theeues benefit by his grant which had no right to take it yet seeing their forwardnesse in a cause so just would God it had not beene so bloudy more regarding his Countreyes safety then