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friend_n	colonel_n	earl_n	forlorn_a	12	3	15.8490	5	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A02239	A generall historie of the Netherlands VVith the genealogie and memorable acts of the Earls of Holland, Zeeland, and west-Friseland, from Thierry of Aquitaine the first Earle, successiuely vnto Philip the third King of Spaine: continued vnto this present yeare of our Lord 1608, out of the best authors that haue written of that subiect: by Ed. Grimeston.; Grande chronique. English	Le Petit, Jean François, 1546-ca. 1615.; Grimeston, Edward.; Meteren, Emmanuel van, 1535-1612. Historia Belgica nostri potissimum temporis.; Sichem, Christoffel van, ca. 1546-1624, engraver.	1608 (1608)	STC 12374; ESTC S120800	2,253,462	1,456

dispairing of succours yeelded it also and the Castell was presently razed Doctor Hubert Chancellor for the Duke of Gelders in Friseland and Wyard of Bolswaert captaine of a ship who had bin shut vp in Sloten hauing their liberties vpon the yeelding vp of the place thinking to goe to Steenwike which was contrary to the capitulation they were pursued and taken and for that they had broken the accord Captaine Wyard lost his head in the towne of Leewaerden the Chancellor for that hee was a Priest was sent to the Lady Marguerite Gouernesse who lodged him in perpetuall prison at Rippelmonde where he dyed This being thus performed by the Lords of Schenck Wassenare Castre they went to besiege Steenwyck which they tooke without any resistance the soldiers that were there in garrison for the Duke of Geldres hauing abandoned it as soone as the Earle of Maeurs was departed not daring to attend the Bourguignons whom they did see winne all where they came This towne thus wone the gouernor with the aduice of the said Noblemen caused a fort to be built there Afterwards the lord of Wassenare died in the towne of Leewarden of the wound which he had receiued before Sloten for the which the Frisons did mourne greatly He was buried with a great funerall pompe after the maner of a martiall man and greatly lamented of all men carried into Holland and buried in the Cloister of Preaching Friars at the Hage by his ancestors There remaines little to write of this warre of Friseland for through the valour and diligence of the said Noblemen all the country was in quiet and reduced vnder the Emperors obedience from Gheerskersbrugge vnto Staueren hauing all taken the othe and the Gouernor dismissed his soldiers with thankes yet for that the Geldrois did yet hold the towne and country of Groningen which were neuer quiet nor satisfied with any reason we will relate here-after what they did and how Groningen was yeelded vnto the Emperor This yeare the Geldrois entred with a small troope into Holland euen vnto the ports of Leyden spoiling all the villages thereabouts euen the Hage it selfe whereas the court remaines and from thence they past into South-Holland into the iurisdiction of Dordrecht where they did not much lesse returning brauely from whence they came without any losse or aduenture The Emperor Charles hearing the bad newes of the alteration that was in Spaine against the Gouernors which hee had left there after that he had consulted with the Princes Electors and taken his leaue of them and of the Noblemen Netherlanders hauing disposed of his affaires there hee parted towards the Iland of Walchren being accompanied with a great number of Noblemen Knights of the Order and others where finding a prosperous wind he set saile and toucht first in England where hee concluded an alliance with Henry the 8. King of England to marry with Mary his Daughter being then but seauen yeares old when she should come to age but it succeeded not as we shall see from thence he set faile towards Spaine where he arriued in few dayes without any aduenture only one great ship of the fleete was burnt by chance with the men and many horses that were in it After the Emperors departure out of the Netherlands hee returned not in eight yeares being much troubled to keepe those realmes in peace vntill hee had left them an heire Male his successor to the crowne Philip the second father to Philip the third now raigning The Emperor being parted for Spaine there fell out great troubles in Germany the Pesants rising against the Nobility abused with grosse errors who being assembled in great numbers did spoile many Abbayes Cloisters and religious houses stealing all they could lay hand of and committing a thousand outrages and insolencies without any subiect or reason but onely stirred vp and seduced by certaine false Preachers who said they had a reuelation from God that they should roote out that tyranous Nobility and enioy their full liberty But God would not long suffer the brauery of these villaines for the Cont Palatin the Archbishop of Mentz some other bishops made a great leuie of horse and foote and charged these poore miserable abused Peasants whom they defeated and put to rout Their leader being taken was publikely executed and the poore wretches that could escape from the battaile returned euery one home to his house The same yeare the Geldrois entred into the Mairie or iurisdiction of Boisleduke whom they forced by their spoiling and burning to pay a contribution vnto the duke of Geldres They of Boisleduke were not in the meane time idle but soone after entred into the Iland of Bomel and by their exploits reduced it vnder the Emperors obedience wasting and spoiling that quarter as much as the Geldrois had done their Mairie Then the Geldrois did labour to enter into Stellingwerff in the country of Friseland to waste it But the Gouernor Shenck although he had but newly dismissed his troopes taking some number of Pesants who were presently in armes he cut off their passage and forced them to retire without any exploite doing After that the Geldrois had thus played the gallants in the Mairie of Boisleduke and they on the other side for their reuenge in the Iland of Bomell there was a truce made betwixt the Emperor Earle of Holland and Charles of Egmont Duke of Gelders vpon condition that the money promised for contribution vnto the Duke should be payd in the towne of Arnhem and that which was promised vnto the Emperor by the Geldrois should be paid vnto a receiuer appointed for that purpose at the Hage in Holland In the yeare 1526. Collonell Martin van Rossein made warre for the duke of Geldres in Rydderlandt against the Earle of Emden and began to fortifie Iemmingen the country-men seeking to hinder it and running without order contrary to their Earle●… will and pleasure were defeated then with 4000. men hee besieged the Towne of Gryet the which at the end of three weekes the Drossart yeelded vp vnto him without any force for the which hee was afterwards prisoner at Emden and had not escaped without the losse of his life but by the meanes of his good friends The Duke of Geldres affaires standing vpon these termes the sayd Collonell did write vnto them of Groningen to send him some supplies of men and munition the better to maintaine himselfe But the Gronningeois nor their neighbours would by any meanes yeeld to it saying That the Earle of Emden was their very good friend and had not deserued any such vsage So as for want of succors from the Groningeois the Geldro is were forced to make an accord with the East-Frisons by the which the Duke of Geldres did restore the towne of Gryet to the Earle of Emden The Duke of Geldres did not easily forget the succours which the Groningeois had refused him but sought some occasion to bee reuenged

floating bridge ouer the Riuer of Meuze whereas ten horse might passe in Front and so they had their reuenge of the Geldrois Hee tooke the Towne of Baten-bourch by Scalado the Inhabitants seeing themselues so surprized fled into the castle the which he besieged Those within it defending themselues valiantly were in the end forced to yeelde after that their walles had been beaten downe the which the Duke caused to be repayred and placed a garrison there wherewith he might anoy the Geldrois Presently after there was a truce made betwixt the Arch-duke Philip and the duke of Gelders Duke Albert of Saxony beeing at that time at Al●…mar in Holland sent his Commissioners to Franicker in Friseland to let the Frisons vnderstand that the Emperour Maximilian had giuen him the Gouernment hereditarie of all Friseland The States of the countrie being assembled hauing heard the charge of these Commissioners and the tenor of the Imperiall Letters Pattents of the sayd prouision would in no sort giue eare vnto it nor receiue any Lord nor Prince against their ancient liberties and freedomes This report made vnto the Duke he threatens to enter into their Countrey with an armie as Collonell Nythard Focks had done in his behalfe the yeere before being accompanied by Goslick Iongama and Hero Hottinga who had put the said hereditarie gouernment into his head presuming to put him into peaceable possession thereof For the effecting whereof they secretly laboured their friends and the towns in Wester-goe to make them yeeld vnto it thinking it sufficient to cause him to be receiued in that quarter whereof being assured the doubted not of Oster-goe and much lesse of the seuen Forests But seeing that in priuate they profited little they durst not moue it in publike wherefore this acceptance remained for a time in suspence the Duke sending no Troupes in his name but did wonderfully afflict the Countrey vnderhand He in the meane time made shew as if he knew not any thing till in the end they were glad to seeke for succours from him the which was the thing hee expected as we shall presently shew But before we proceed we will first relate for what cause the Emperor did aduance Duke Albert to the hereditarie gouernment of Friseland You must vnderstand that Duke Albert was sonne to the Emperor Fredericks sister who was father to Maximilian and so cousin Germaine to the said Emperor Maximilian not that he was Duke of Saxony for he was a yonger brother to Duke Arnold Prince Elector and true duke of Saxonie and for that he was knowne to be a great captaine and well experienced both in warlike and politicke affayres The Emperour Maximilian when he was yet but King of Romaines and Gardien to his sonne the Arch-duke Philip made him his Lieutenant in the gouernment generall of the Neitherlands where hee did many exployts of warre with his Germaines that he had sent for out of his countrie of Misnia and other places By reason whereof there was so great summes of money due to him his Collonels and Captaines for their entertainments as for the assurance thereof there were diuers castels put into his hand●… as Vilvoerden in Brabant Scluse in Flanders Woerden and H●…lem in Holland Louvesteyn in the countrey of Arckell Medemblick in west Friseland Ziriczee in Zeeland The ingaging of all these castels by the which Duke Albert might keepe all these Prouinces subiect and in awe did in the end trouble the States of the Neitherlands who consulted how they might tetire them out of his hands finding none more expedient nor lesse chargeable then to transport vnto him the hereditarie gouernment of Friseland wherein they were much assisted by the comming of Otto van Langen out of Friseland during the time that they treated with the duke who giuing an account of his Commission made knowne the great partialities quarrels factions and ciuill warres that were generally ouer all the countrey of Friseland from whence sprung great murthers robbing spoyling burning with the ruine ouerthrow of towns castels countrie-houses the which it was not possible to moderate nor pacifie without vsing of some seuere meanes proceeding from a high soueraigne hand so bitterly they were incensed one against another And although said he that he had aduised them to choose according to their ancient Imperiall priuiledges and customes a Potestate that might gouerne them in peace yet could they not agree but fell to contention and quarrell so as hee thought it fittest to come away without bidding them farewell to auoyd the danger of his person and of such as were in his companie which affected the good and quiet of their Countrie And therefore the Emperor with the Counsell of the Princes Electors and the aduice of the States of the Neitherlands to force the Frisons vnto Peace concord seeing that no mediators could preuaile was perswaded to giue them a Potestate or Gouernor the which he would haue hereditarie held of the Empire which the Frison fearing least by their diuisions they should in giuing themselues to some other neighbour Prince as to the King of Denmarke or to the duke of Holsteyn with-draw themselues from the obedience and soueraigntie of the Empire appointing duke Albert for their hereditarie Gouernor in consideration whereof hee restored all the castles and other places of the Netherlands which had been giuen him in pawne except the castle of Medemblyke which he desired might be left him to serue for a Rendezuous and easie passage to sayle into Friseland when he pleased By vertue of this donation duke Albert required to be receiued of the Frisons for their Gouernor or Potestate hereditarie writing diuers letters vnto them to draw them to consent therevnto by mildnesse before that he would vse any force to auoyd effusion of blood and their greater ruine making many faire promises to bee a good Prince vnto them But they would by no meanes giue eare vnto it alwayes relying vppon their Priuiledges and Freedomes the which had been giuen vnto them by the ancient Romaine Emperors and confirmed by Charlemaine and other Predecessors to the Emperor Maximilian the which they might not breake and therefore neither he nor the Princes Electors nor the Imperiall chamber had any right to make such a donation from the which they did appeale as voyd and vniust Duke Albert hauing vnderstood by the relation of the Commissioner van Langen what the factions of the Schyringers and Vetcoopers in Friseland were and with what violence and furie they did massacre and ruine one another and those of the faction of the Schyeringers had giuen him an honorable reception hee resolued to make vse of these partialities and to shew more loue to the Schyeringers whom hee had knowne better by the meanes of Goslick Iongama and Hero Hottinga who came vnto him to Harlem and who had perswaded him much vnto it then vnto the Vetcoopers and therefore he began to shew them the

deepe ditches in the drowned lands where they were presently swalloed vp Two things did help to amaze the Spaniards in Soeterwoude the one was that the Protestants comming to Meerbruche went and fired some houses in the village with a generall alarme the other was that the great Ordinance which they had left vnder the charge of Phillip Asseliers Comissary being vppon Noorda neuer ceased to play vpon them on that side the which did strike a great terror into the Spaniards This was the very iudgment of God to abate their proud presumption for there was neuer seene a more dishonorable shamefull rout hauing lost aboue a hundred boats great and small wherewith they had made an account to fight with the whole armie of the Prince and States Those that saued them-selues towards the Voorschote staied at a fort which they had made at the house of Iacob Claes vppon the great chanell which goes from Leyden to Delf called the Vliet in the which they had a Culuerin and an other peece or two with the which they began to shoot but did no harme At the first they might see them of the fort of Lemmen amazed and wauering and if the Protestants had gone directly thether it is thought they would haue abandoned it But it was not possible to effect so many things at an instant It was also a matter of no small importance to seeke to force a mighty strong fort well furnished with artillerie by a narrow chanell whereas but one boat could enter in front for there was not any meanes to approche neere vnto it but by one chanell for that from the said lake vnto the towne the country is higher then any part where they had yet past so as the least of their boats could not float there wherefore they resolued to rest satisfied with that which God had giuen them at that time and to giue order that all things might bee ready with the great Ordinance the which was sent for to batter it at the breake of day and to trie to force it if the Spaniards would attend an assault This fort was not much aboue a canon shot from the towne of the euent whereof we will presently relate In the meane time besides the plague and other diseases which grew through pouerty and famine there was a diuision in the Towne which grew by the ill affected Bourgers who neither could nor would suffer any longer for in seauen weeks they had eate no bread nor drunke any thing but water In the richest houses horse-flesh was as delicate as a partridge doggs and cats roasted was wonderfully pleasing vnto the taste it were vnpossible to expresse the diuersitie of pottages that were made some did eate vine leaues with salt others made diuers sauces with the leaues of leeks the roots stalks of coleworts min●…'d cabbage was an ordinary meat The Gentlewomen did eate their little dogs wherewith they were wont to play If any beast were kild the poore boyes were there gaping like vnto hungry doggs to see if any little morcell would fall the which they gathred vp and deuoured rawe the skinnes of dryed sooles and bones which had beene gnawne by the dogges were gathred vp in the streetes and of the dunghills A woman beeing in childbed had but a quarter of a pound of bisket allowed her by the day and women with childe were so samished as the fruits of their wombes were so weakned as they had no force to come into the world Some children crying for bread dyed in their mothers armes some men scarce able to creepe to the gard at their returne home found their wiues and children dead either of famine or pestilence if ten entred into gard there returned but six or seauen and in the end but three the rest beeing dead in the place To conclude the miserie was so great as it could not possible bee any greater For there dyed within the Towne during the siege of pouertie famine plague and other bad and miserable diseases about the number of six thousand persons men women and children Their succors being so neere vnto them one of the Bourguemaisters beeing vppon the rampar said vnto thepeople that were about him Behold my friendes behinde yonder Fort is now our bread what thinke you shall wee leaue it there Wee will rather go and pull downe this Fort with our nayles then loose it so You may imagine what contentment these poore famished forlorne creatures had to see their succors so neere them But all was not yet done for the Spaniards were betwixt the towne and their succors the which was not without some difficultie seeing the doubtfull euents of warre and if it hapned that they should not force this fort of Lemmen all that they had formerly done was in vaine or else they must haue staied a moneth longer vntill the waters had bene higher which the besieged could not indure Where-vppon the Captaines went to Councel and resolued seeing there was no other expedient to lodge one night vpon the way which goes from the said fort of Lemmen to Leyderdorpe betwixt the which there is a good quarter of a league distance presuming that from thence they should let slippe what victuals they would into Leyden with small boats leauing the greater at Palpen-meer and Meerbrunche and that this meanes should bee safe and without danger neither of reputation nor of losse the which had not beene if they had beene constrained to attempt Lemmen by force which seemed in shew stronger then it was holding it to be of canon proofe was scituated in a plaine champian where there were no chanells but were stopt beeing distant a quarter of a league from the towne The water which goes to Delfe passeth byas-wise neere vnto the one side on the other side there is a chanell by the which they enter into the Rhine and on the third quarter that which goes to Soeterwoud the rest was very easie to intrenche for there were trees ynoughe the rampars of this fort were reasonable large but not so strong as to resist the canon it was well fortified with a good palisado gabions artillery and men Therefore to speake according to humaine sence if the Spaniards had defended it well the Protestants could not haue past without very great losse for they must haue come within a harguebuze shot and lesse The approche being viewed the chanells vnstopt and the Admirall hauing sent the second of October at night Captaine Grenu Asseliers and Henry to see where they might best plant their batterie it was now time to go for the spaniards that remained in the fort had no intent to do any better then those of Soeterwoude and others had done they onely made a little shew to retire their ordinance the which notwithstanding they did not for they did abandon it the same night with the fort in the which there was a Demie canon carrying a bullet of twenty four pound waight and some

of the said Prince and estates of Holland and Zeeland not that the said Prince and States will say they would haue opposed them-selues but for that it seemes that the vnion brought in by the said pacification hath beene by that meanes neglected And which is more they haue accepted of Don Iohn with his traine of Italiens and Spaniards the which is euen against the Edict of pacification made by Don Iohn at March in famine Also wee see that contrary to the said pacification of Gand many strangers Italiens Spaniards and others which haue shewed them-selues partiall and Spaniolized haue great credit with Don Iohn as the Seignior Octauio Gonzaga Fernand Nunno the Secretary Escouedo the Seignior of Gaste who hath beene imployed into England to breake the Vnion of England and these Countries with Iohn Baptista Taxis and many others haunting daily the court of the said Don Iohn although they haue done very bad offices against the good of the Countrie and as the common brute is Don Iohn hath some secret councell with the aboue named and others of the like humor Finally it seemes that by vertue of the clauses contained in the league and vnion which my Lords the Estates haue made although peraduenture they had no such intent there bee in effect a new inquisition brought in yea more greeuous then that in former times or that which they vse in Spaine the which informe not against any person of what religion soeuer vntill that hee bee suspected or haue giuen some occasion whereas hee here by this newe forme of league all men serche after for their consciences and religion vnder collour of maintaining the vnion contrarie to the pacification of Gant and all concor Wee omit the complaintes of priuate persons touching the restitution of goods and the fraudes and abuses of the Receiuors of confiscations for that wee will not trouble the Estates with trifles which may be handled at an other time Made at Geertrudenbergh the foure and twenty of Maie 1577. AFter that Don Iohn had bin receiued into Brussells with all his traine vpon a hope grounded vpon his promises that in time hee would dismisse them and that after hee had setled an order in his house hee would not bee serued but by them of the countrie Notwithstanding when as hee found that for so much as his followers were greatly suspected to the Bourgers of Brussells and to all the Estates in generall who had often intreated him to discharge them hee could not well execute that which hee had long proiected vpon the sayd towne Hee therefore sought an occasion to goe to Macklin vnder collour to treat with the Germaine Collonels where hee did freely and without any scruple cause all sorts of Italians Spaniards and them that were of the Spanish faction to enter and frequent his Court and all that had declared themselues enemies to their countrie and fauorers of the mutinies sedytions spoilings and outrages of the sayd Spaniards hauing open conuersation and familiaritie with them holding councells of the State and affaires of the sayd countries with them as the effects conformable to the letters written to the Germaines Collonels haue since made manifest for at that time insteed of treating in the States name of their paiement and retreat out of the countrie as hee was bound by the sayd Accord and Edict sollemnely sworne by him vpon the Euangill in the hands of the Bishop of Boisleduke all the States assisting and in the presence of the Popes Noncio and the Emperors ambassadors hee practised with the sayd Germaines to bandie them against the States and to do that which hee since effected as it appeeres by his letter written to the Baron of Frundtsbergh and to Charles Foucker their Collonels the 16. of Iuly in these words Worthie Gentlemen I thinke you remember well what I treated with you at Macklin and the order which I gaue you concerning that which it behoueth you to doe for his Maiesties seruice And although I assure my selfe that you will not faile therein but will put it in execution according vnto the vertue and wisdome you haue hetherto vsed what hath beene giuen you in charge for his Maiesties seruice Notwithstanding the businesse beeing of so great importance I haue thought good to recharge you by these my letters and to put you in minde of what wee haue treated and to require and command you as I doe in his Maiesties name that as soone as possible you can you effect and put in execution what was concluded betwixt vs for that therein you shall doe that wherevnto you are bound and which is requisite for the assurance of your persons and your paie whereof the States pretended to depriue you wherevnto it is not reasonable that either you or I should consent seeing that his Maiesties intent nor mine were neuer other but to haue you honored paied and fauored Our Lord keepe you c. And moreouer for a more ample declaration of the great desire hee had of the execution of his desseignes plotted there hee added with his owne hand You knowe my Maisters what I haue giuen you in charge at Macklin and that in the execution thereof you shall discharge the dutie and seruice which you owe vnto his Maiesty assuring moreouer by the same meanes your liues and entertainments for that the intention of the States being to leaue you yea and to take al from you I am bound with the rest to doe that seruice to his Maiesty seeing it is hee that must paie you and ●…in his name am to take the charge And to the priuate Captaines hee did write with his owne hand vnderneth the letter written in high Duch in these termes My friends I referre my selfe to that which your Collonels shall deliuer you more at large Beleeue them and continue as you ought in his Maiesties seruice which is the King whome you serue and who must satisfie and paie you and the like will I doe vnto you if GOD permit as your Generall friend and fellowe souldiar The same month of Iulie sending Ierome Curiell with letters of credit vnto the Collonels hee writ also with his owne hand these words in substance I send Ierome Curiel againe vnto you to declare vnto you more particularly what hee hath in charge and seeing the chance is cast and cannot bee recalled againe it is necessarie to proceede and that which doth most import is expedition and great dilligence in the execution of that which hath beene agreed vpon and concluded Whereby it did plainely appeere that insteed of treating with the Germaines for the States as hee had promised by the said accord hee treated and practised against them●… And insteed of reconciling them one with an other hee did incense them more perswading the Collonels that the States would defraude them of their entertainement and take awaie their liues And whereas hee was bound to cause them to depart out of all the Townes and places of

Brakel the which was afterwards abandoned and burnt with the whole village But going to campe before Heusden the same moneth hee was forced to rise with shame and losse The same moneth three companies of the Estates horse were surprised nere vnto Boisleduc by the new garison of Gheertruydenbergh and defeated the one was of Prince Maurice his garde whereof Rysoyer was Captaine the second the Seignior of Kynschys and the third the deceased Marshall of Villers whereas Rysoyer and Kynschy with diuers horse-men were taken the rest were put to rout Whilest that the Earle of Mansfeldt with the duke of Pastrana and the prince of Ascholy with many shippes and boats beseeged the house or castle of Hele in the I le of Bomel Prince Maurice the Earle of Hohenlo and the Earle of Solms drew the garrisons about Heusden together in the moneth of August and by force victualed the towne in the face of the enemy who laie not far from it The Castle of Hele had bin sore battered with nine hundred shot at the least whervpon Sidenborch the gouernor yeelded the twenty foure of August by meanes of a dissention fallen among the soldiers who were most slaine whereof afterwards he excused him selfe From thence the Dukes army marched to Louesteyn lying at the end of the I le of Bomel and they made a sconse meaning to take Louesteyn but the waters being very much risen by reason of great store of rayne which had fallen they were forced to leaue it In September the Duke of Parma supposed by the inclosing in of Heusden and the taking of Hemert Hele and other sconses there abouts that the country was sufficiently garded on the one side Hemert to passe ouer the Meuse into Tielsche-Weert and so to go to Buren or Vtrecht but the Spaniards who had the fore-ward vnder Collonell Lieua hauing some quarrell with the Italiens and being set on by the Duke of Pastrana the Prince of Ascoly who were no great friends to the duke of Parma would not passe ouer the riuer but cryed out viue el Re fuora il mal gouerno and when the Earle of Mansfeldt would haue forced them to passe they shot at him and draue him away so went to their garrison in the Graue And for that Prince Maurice had gathered together great forces stopping their passage and beseeged the castle of Hele round about with sconses being the winter time the Dukes army was forced to leaue the field fortifieng the Castles of Hemert Hele and the Sconses at the mouth of the Deymse by Boscher This yeare the Duke of Parma was very sickly which some thought to proceed for that on the 10. of Nouember before cōming from Berghen vp Zoom riding to Mechline he fell into the water where vnto other misfortunes were added as the Melancholike humor which did possesse him for the vnfortunate successe of the Spanish army and his dishonorable retreat from Berghen for the which by the meanes of the Dukes of Pastrana and the Prince of Ascoly he was reprocht and flouted at It might also be furthered by an other occasion for that hauing taken vp certaine hundred thousand of Ducats by exchange to bee paid in Spaine by the practises of such as loued him not they were not discharged so as hee was forced to giue the Italien Marchants in Antwerp contentment out of his owne cofers Moreouer at the same time his vncle the great Cardinall Farnese dyed in Rome the three and twentith of March a man on whome hee much depended All these crosses made him sickly and very melancholy So as in Maie hee went to the Spawe in Sweborn and lodged at Mentfort or thereabouts drinking dayly of those waters for the recouery of his health Before his departure hee called togither the Estates of Brabant Flanders Arthois and Henault to ayd the League of France both with money and men and to take it out of the rents wherewith the reuenues were charged They were content to yeeld to his desire in many things although they were much impouerished by reason of the great taxations which were imposed vpon them the which were raysed with harder conditions then vppon them in the vnited Prouinces who had free and open trafficke in all places where as they that liued vnder the Kings commaund did flye dayly out of the Country by reason of their small trafficke dearth of all thinges bad protection so as the Duke of Parma grew daily to bee more dispised and hated not onely of the Country people but also of the Spaniards who imputed the bad successe of the Spanish flcete onely to him for that hee was not ready nor prouided of Saylers neither had forecast the dangers that might insue so as his enemies the Duke of Pastrana and the Prince of Ascoly knew well how to blemish his credit in Spaine as we haue said before About the same time hee had sent certaine Mules laden with rich Tapistries and cloth of Arras with other costly thinges out of the Netherlands to bee transpo●…ed into Italie passing through Lorraine or the Franch Conty they were sette vppon and taken away the which afterwards was openly reported and did manifestly appeare that it was done by aduise from Spaine whether it were by the Kings owne command or his Councels or by the practises of such as loued him not I know not but it was a great hindrance vnto him and bred a great dislike in him against Spaine Moreouer there fell a controuersie with great reproches betwixt the Lord of Champigny and the President Richardot the Duke of Parmas fauorite and afterwards with the Duke himselfe concerning the treaty of peace at Bourbrough betwixt the Deputies of the Queene of England and those of the King of Spaine of which number Champigni and Richardot were but both of diuers opinions Champigni sought to deale roundly and sincerely in the said treaty of peace the which being obtained hee perswaded him-selfe it should much aduance the Kings affaires hauing libertie to enter into the Ports and Hauens of England for the safegard of the great Armado which was the way to conquer Holland and Zealand and to subdue the Estates But Richardot had contrary instructions from the Duke of Parma to breake of the treaty holding the conquest of England easie according to the aduise and proiect which Don Iohn had left in writing at his death for the which Mounsier Champigni was much offended in regard that hee had past his word to the Queene of England that there was no other intent but to deale sincerely and vprightly so hee was thereby disgraced and proued a lyar where-vpon after the bad successe of the said armie Champigni complained thereof in many places and writte diuers letters vnto the King shewing that the onely cause thereof proceeded from the negligence and indiscretion of the Duke of Parma wherevpon hee grew into such hatred of Champigni as hauing written vnto the