whyche only thrée of Caesars ships were sonke and seauen and twenty of Pompeys The remnant were all defeated by Agrippa except xvij with the which Pompey fledde away Caesar remayned at Naulecho and commaunded Agrippa to beséege Messina whiche he did with the fellowship of Lepidus Plennius sente for peace Agrippa thoughte it good to deferre the aunswere tyll the morning But Lepidus was contente and to winne Plennius Souldyoures to hym permitted halfe the spoyle of the Citie to them which they hauing obteyned beyonde all hope beyng glad to haue gone with theyr liues that night sacked the citie with Lepidus Souldyoures By this meanes Lepidus wanne Plennius legions who sware vnto him so as nowe hauing two and twenty legions with a great nauie was not a little proude and thought to winne Sicelie bycause he had gotten diuers places before to the which he sent his garrisons to kéepe out Octauian The next day Caesar expostulated with Lepidus by his friendes saying he came as a confederate to resort to Sicelie and not to get y I le for himselfe and he alleadging that his authoritie was taken froÌ„ him and that Caesar had it alone he could be content to render Africa and Corfica for Sicelie Then Caesar was angry and came vnto him and charged him with ingratitude and departed so as they stoode in doubt of each other kéeping warde seuerally The Shipyes lay at anchor and it was suspected that Lepidus intended to haue burned Caesars ships The armies fearing a new ciuill warre had not the like estimation of Lepidus that they had of Caesar for him they accompted wise and diligente and y other remisse and negligent bycause he suffered their enimies to be partakers of the spoyle When Octauian vnderstoode this he caused his friends to deale with the Captaines secretly and to promise them liberally and many were wonne vnto him specially of Pompeys band thinking their state not sure excepte Caesar coÌ„sented to it Caesar came in person with many Horsemen which he left without the trench and entred the Camp with a few vnbeknowing to Lepidus for lacke of foresight protesting that new warre was moued against his will wherefore the Souldioures saluted him as Generall and Pompeys parte that were corrupted asked him forgiuenesse To the which he said he maruelled that they should aske forgiuenesse not hauing yet done that was conuenient for them They vnderstanding his meaning tooke theyr ensignes and brought them to Caesar Other pulled downe theyr Tentes But when Lepidus heard the tumulte he came out armed and streight a fray began where one of Caesars Pages was killed himselfe stroke through the brest plate but not hurte wherefore he departed in hast to his Horsemen A garrison iested at his running away whereat he was so angry as he was not quiet till he had beaten downe that Castell the whiche being done other Castels gaue ouer in like sort some presently and some the nighte following some neuer spoken to some pretending some occasion by béeyng vexed of the Horsemen yet some abode the brunt and repulsed theÌ„ for Lepidus euery where sent helpers to them the which reuolting also the rest that were willing to him changed their mind And first againe the Pompeyans that yet remayned with him for sooke him by little and little Lepidus caused other to be armed to kepe theÌ„ in who being armed to that inteÌ„t toke their ensignes with the aid of others ioyned theÌ„selues to Caesar Lepidus threatened them that went and prayd them also and he tooke the Standerds and sayd he woulde neuer deliuer them but wheÌ„ a Souldyour said Thou shalt deliuer them dead he gaue place The last that for sooke him was the Horsemen who sente to Caesar to know if they shoulde kill hym which he denyed Thus Lepidus being for saken of all men and hauing lost his army changed his habite and went to Caesar and many ranne to sée that sight Caesar rose when he came and would not suffer him to knéele but depriuing him of all authoritie reseruing only a priestly office in y apparell that he came he sent him to Rome Thus he that had bin many times a Generall and sometime one of the thrée rulers making officers condemning many as good as himsolfe liued a priuate life vnder some of theÌ„ whome he had attainted before Caesar would not persecute Pompey nor suffer other to do it either bycause he would not meddle in another mans iurisdiction or would behold Antonyes doings to haue iust occasion to fall out with him For now that al other aduersaries were taken away it was thought ambition woulde make them two quarell or bycause Pompey was none of the conspirators as Caesar did after affirme Nowe had he an army oâ— â—ld legions of xxv M. Horsemen and of other Souldyoures as many more which he gathered togither He had sixe hundred Gallyes and many shippes of burthen which he sent to the owners He gaue the Souldyoures a rewarde for victory and promised more in time to come He distributed crownes garlands and other honors and foâ—gaue Pompeys Captaynes Thys so greate felicitie Fortune did â—uâ—ie for his owne armie fell to mutinie destring to be discharged and requiring the rewarde promised at the field of Philipps He aunswered that thys warre was not like any of the other notwithstanding he woulde reward them for all togyther with Antonyes Souldyers when he should returne But as concerning their discharge he put them in remembrance of their oth and obedience But séeyng them styll obstinate he ceassed hys rebukes least the Souldyoures lately yéelded should follow their trade and promised that Antony and he would discharge them in conueniente tyme and that he would now not vse theÌ„ in any cruell warre for by the help of God all was ended and done and nowe he would leade them into Slauonia and other barbarous nations where they shoulde get great booties They sayde they woulde not gâ—â— vnlesse hée woulde rewarde them thoroughly He sayd he would reward them and also giue them garianoâ—s garmentes of honor and prayse Then sayde Ofilius one of the Tribunes Garlandes and purple garmentes bée rewardes of Children Souldyoures had néede of money and landes The multitude sayde it was true Then Caesar was gréeued and came from his scate and they that stoode nexte the Tribunes praysed him and rebuked the other that woulde not agree wyth them He sayde he was sufficiente alone to defende so iust a cause The nexte daye he was not séene nor coulde bée knowen where he was become Then the Souldyoures not one at once for feare but altogither requyred to be dismissed Caesar spake as feare as he coulde to theyr Captaynes and discharged them that had serued at Philippi and Modena as the most olde Souldyoures and commaunded them to depart the I le least they should corrupt the rest Thus much he sayd to them that he discharged that
Cicero that hée hadde contrarie to lawe putte to death Lentulus and Cethegus before the Senate had giuen sentence Cicero that in that matter had vsed moste noble courage nowe being called to answere was verye fainte harted Hee put on a mourning vesture and ful of wéeping and sorrowe he humbled himselfe to all that he met in the streates not beeing ashamed to trouble them whom he neuer knew so that his behauior was so vnséemely that they which should haue pitied him laughed him to scorne to so great fearfulnesse for one cause of his owne was he fallen that all his life had done most gloriously for others euen as they say Demosthenes of Athes was not able to answere in his own cause but before he was condeÌ„ned fled away Clodius with spite did mock his lowlinesse to meÌ„ abroad whereby being brought to desperatioÌ„ he also tooke a voluÌ„tary banishmeÌ„t many of his friends going forth with him and the Senate recommending him to Cities Kings Princes Clodius pulled downe hys houses both in the Citie and Country pleased hymself so well with thys act as he would néeds compare with Pompey who had then the greatest auctoritie in the Citie Wherfore he called Milo that was fellow to Clodie and a bolder man than hee putting hym in hope of the Consulship to be againste his fellow and to make a decrée for Ciceros returne supposing that Cicero woulde nowe deale with matters and actions against Clodie no more busy hymself in speaking against the presente auctoritie Thus Cicero that by Pompey was caste oute by the same was called home the sixteenth moneth after his banishment and hys house fermes were builded of the common coste He was receyued with great glory euerye man wayting for hym at the gate spending one whole daye in embracements and welcomâ— euen as hapned to Demosthenes at his returne from â—râ—â—â— In this meane tyme Caesar had done greate feates among the Frenchmen and Britains as I haue shewed in my booke of the Frenche matters and being full of riches he came to that part of Fraunce that consineth with Italy at soe sloude Eridanus to recreate his army a while after their continuall warfare From whence he sent to diuerse men greate summes of money The yearely officers by turne came to visite hym and so did the Presidents of Prouinces the Generals of armies and other noble men so as sometime there were a hundred and twenty Maceâ— about hym and more than twoo hundred Senatours some to thanke him for their offices some to seeke money and some for one thing and some for another For nowe he tooke vppon hym all thynges by the greatnesse of hys armye the abundaunce of riches and by friendeship that he had wonne of al sortes Both Pompey and Crassus sellowes of his power came to him They agréede that Pompey and Crassus should be Consulls againe and that Crassus shoulde haue the rule of the nations he had for other siue yeares and so they departed Donutius Aâ—â— barbus stoode agaynste Pompey for the Consulship and when the day was come bothe came in he night into the fielde to the election And such was the strife as it came to stâ—â—â—es till one with a sworde stroke hym that bare Aenobarbâ—â— tâ—râ—h and then euery man fled from hym He had much adoe to be conueyed home in sasety Pompeys gowne was found bloudy and borne home So nigh peril were both parts Thus Pompeyus and Crassus being chosen Consulles they decréede to Caesar other fiue yeres as they had determined the Prouinces and armies they diâ—ided betwen them Pompey tooke Spaine and Barbarie to the which he sent his friends and he remained in Rome Crassus chose Syria and the nations next vnto it for desire he had to make war vpon the Parthâ—â—ns which he thoughte would be bothe easie and profitable to his renowme But as before he weÌ„t out of the citie al tokens séemed vnlucky so the Tribunes did forbid hym to molest the Parthians that had made no fault And bycause hée woulde not regarde they made publique execration vpon hym whiche he contemning was in the same warre with hys sonne of that name destroyed and scarcely .x. M of an C. M. did escape by flight into Syria But this calamitie of Crassus is declared in the booke of the Parthian warres The Romaines being molesied with dearth made Pompey General Prouider of viâ—â—â—als and as they were wont in Pyrats war ioyned .xx. Senators with hym as assistants vnto him He sent them to euery country and made suche spéede as Rome was by by fulfilled with plentye of vâ—â—â—â—all whereby he grew into greater glory and auctoritie than he was before At this time Caesars daughter that was marryed to Pompey dyed wherfore euery man was afraide that this affinity being broken they two would contende with greate force The state of the citie was in trouble and disorder for the rulers did al for gaine and ambition with force weapons moued sedition They were not ashamed of briberie nor corruption so they might be made rich The people woulde not giue their voyces vnlesse they were hyred There was séene .viij. C. tallents putte in pawne for the nomination to an office The yearely Consuls were reiect from armies and prouinces being taken away by y power of these thrée men They that were of worst behauiour sought their gaine by armies and publike matters of the Citie by the electioÌ„s of their priuate successors by reason wherof the honest sort did vtterly leaue to rule insomuche as in this disorder the Citie was .viij. moneths without a Magistrate Pompey of purpose did winke at all this geare that the necessitie of tyme might make hym a ruler alone and now it was spoken in euery place that the only remedy to these mischiefs was the auctority of one whom it behoued to choose being mighty of power and gentle of nature signifying that Pompey had a sufficient army counted a louer of the people for his honor did leade y Senat in lyfe sober and sincere and in conuersation affable either in déede or apparaunce He in worde séemed to bée angrye at this expectation but in effect he wrought it secreatelye all that euer he coulde and willingly looked awry at the disorder of the common wealth and the lacke of officers in the same confusion And whereas â— Milo did serue his tourne against Clodie and was well beloued of the people for the returne of Cicero looked for the Consulship at due time required for that office he did kéepe hym backe by delaying the election Wherefore Milo taking it vnkindly that hee shoulde finde Pompey vnfaithfull wente into the Countrey to Lauâ—â—to which Citie they saye Aencas commyng from â—â—oy did first builde in Italy being from Rome aboute eightéene myles Clodie came ryding from hys house and met hym at 〈…〉 and passed the one by the other onely
declared Consul and requested of the Senate a little longer tyme for hys office in Fraunce or at the least for parte of it But Marcellus that was Consull after Pompey was agaynst it the whiche when it was tolde Caesar be layde hys hande vpon the hilte of his sworde as they say and answeared Then thus shall gyue it me Hes buylded newe Como night vnto the Alpes with the priuiledges of Italie whiche is that so many as be officers a yéere shall be Cittizens of Rome whiche was a greate prerogatiue to Italie One of newe Como that had thus borne office and thereby thought to be frée at Rome Marcellus in despight of Caesar did beate with roddes whiche the Romaines doe not suffer formo cause and in rage he bewraying his harte bad him take this token of hospitalitie and goe shewe it to Caesar This spight vsed Marcellus and perswaded to sende successours to his prouinces before the time expyred But Pompey was agaynst that vnder a shewe of conueniencie and beneuolence that it was not méete that so noble a man so many wayes profitable to hys Countrey shoulde be thus maligned for so shorte a tyme and decréed that with tyme Caesar shoulde gyue ouer hys rule After this Caesars chiefe enimies were chosen Consuls Aemilius Paulus and Calidius Marcellus cousin to the former Marcellus Curio an other greate enimie of Caesar was elected Tribune well beloued of the people a great speaker Caesar coulde not winne Claudius for no money but Paulus he made hys friende with an hundered and fiftye talentes that he shoulde neyther doe wyth hym nor against hym it coste him more to win Curio bycause he was so muche in debt Wyth this money Paulus builded a publique place called Paulus Palaice one of the fayre workes of Rome Curio that he shoulde not be discouered by change of the sodaine required the office of making and pauing of many and long high wayes and to be ouerséer of the same fiue yeares togither knowing he should obtaine none of these and trusting that Pompeys friends would speake against him so haue some pretence against PoÌ„pey which things coÌ„ming to passe indéed as he thought he had an occasioÌ„ of offeÌ„ce Claudius propounded to send successours to Caesars prouinces for the time was now at hand Paulus said nothing Curio seeming to disseÌ„t froÌ„ both praised Claudius opinion as agréeing to it said it was meete that Pompey shoulde giue ouer both prouince and armye as well as Caesar for so should the state of the Citie bée cleare and out of feare on bothe sides Many being against this as not right bicause Pompeys time was not yet expired Curio theÌ„ shewed himselfe plainely and sharply that it was not reason to sende successours to Caesar vnlesse Pompey did giue ouer for being suspitious the one of the other the Citie shoulde neuer haue sure peace vnlesse all men were priuate Thus he spake bicause he knewe that Pompey would not leaue his power and bycause he saw them offended with him for hys iudgementes of corruption Thys opinion beyng honest the people praysed Curio as the only man that for the common weale cared for neyther of their displeasure and they brought him home casting floures as vpon a champion of a great and difficult cause For at that tyme nothyng séemed more daungerous than to dissent from Pompey who passing about Italy somewhat sickely subtitlye sente vnto the Senate praysing Caesars actes and rehearsing his owne froÌ„ the beginning and that the thirde Consulshippe being giuen hym and prouinces with an army accordingly he did not séeke it but was called to it beyng thought méete for the redresse of the common wealth and that I quoth he receiued vnwillingly I doe willingly giue ouer to them that will haue it before my time prefixed The manner of this writing wrought a good lyking to Pompey and a misliking to Caesar that woulde not giue ouer when his time was ended When Pompey was come to the Citie he spake as muche in effect and then promised to giue it ouer and as a friend and welwiller to Caesar toke in hand that hée also would leaue with glad mind For now being in yeares and hauing taken greate paines in the armies againste most fierce nations and wonne great honor to his Countrey he would séeke rest with the offices and sacrifices of the Citie Thus he spake that successours might be straight sent to Caesar and he standing vpon his promise only But Curio correcting his sutteltie sayd it was not ynough to promise but to giue ouer in déede nor that Caesar shoulde be put from his armye before he were in priuate state neyther shoulde it be commodious for him to mainteyne priuate eâ—mitie neyther for the Romaines that suche a power shoulde be with one rather than with the other that if eyther of them woulde hurt the Citie the other shoulde haue to resist and nowe holding in no longer he openly reprooued Pompey as a séeker of tyrannie and if it were not nowe that he gaue ouer hys army for feare of Caesar he would not giue it ouer at all therfore he thought good that if they disobeyed they should both be declared enimies and an army gathered against them by this talke be couered that he was corrupted by Caesar Pompey being gréeued and threatning went angerly away into the suburbes The Senate now had them both suspected but thought Pompey the more tractable Caesar they misliked bycause of their suspition in his Consulship and therefore did not thinke it safe to dissolue Pompeys power vnlesse Caesar did resigne being abroade and of a more aspiring mind but Curio was against it and that it was expedient that after Pompey Caesar also should giue ouer all which when he could not obteyne he brake vp the counsell leauyng all vnperfite for so might a Tribune do Wherfore Pompey repented him that he had restored the Tribuneship to the auntient power which Sylla had made very sleÌ„der Only this was decréed at their departure that Caesar and Pompey shoulde be sente into Siria to â—â—â—â—e the Countrey bycause of Crossâ—â— misfortune And Pompey vâ—â—â—â— policie required his legion againe that he had lente Caesar â—â—â—â—r the loâ—se of 〈…〉 and Câ—tta hys Captaynes 〈…〉 gaue euery man two hundred Drammes and sent them to 〈…〉 and with them sente another of hys owne but beeyng vnderstanded y there was no danger in Syria they went to winter at Capua They that were sente of Pompey for them to Caesar tolde many hard tales againste Caesar and made Pompey beléeue that Caesars army being wasted with wéerâ—nesse and long payne was desirous to come home and when they were come on thys syde the Alpes they would reuolte to Pompey Thus they talked eyther of ignorance or being corrupted but euery man was sure to Caesar in promptnesse and painefulnesse both for the continuance of seruice for the gaynes that
nature in all things vnwillingly he prepared for the fighte to his owne destruction and them that gaue hym counsell Caesar that nyghte hadde sente three legions to gette victuals thanking Pompey for his delay and thynking he would not haue changed hys minde He had also sente aboute for more foode but when he hearde that Pompey prepared for the battell he knewe he dyd it of necessitie and that he was dryuen to it by force of his armye hée called hys armye forth wyth and dyd prepare lykewyse He at midnight made Sacrifice to Mars and to Venus hys auncessors for from Iulius Aâ—â—â—as sonne it shoulde séeme by the name that the house of Iuliâ—â— came He vowed to dedicate a Temple vnto hir in Rome if she fauoured hym and broughte hym victorie A lightning came from Heauen and wente from Caesars Camâ— to Pompeys and there was extinct Pompeys syde thoughte some notable thyng shoulde come from their enimies to them but Caesar dyd expounde it that he shoulde quenche Pompeys glorye That same nyghte when Pompey did Sacrifice the host fledde away and coulde no more be found And a swarme of Bées lighted vpon the Aulter whyche is a little and a stinging flye Anâ— before daye there came a straunge feare in the Campe thâ— whyche Pompey came to searche and after fell into a déepe sléept and béeyng awaked of his friendes hée tolde them he dreamâ— he had dedicate a Temple at Rome to Venus the Victorice noâ— knowyng that Caesar hadde vowed the same His friendes and all the host put trust in these thinges and were glad of them and as they vsed all thinges with too muche contempte and fiercenesse so wente they to thys battayle as though all had bin theyr owne Many dyd decke their Tentes with Bayes as token of victorie and their seruauntes prepared good chéere for them and some dyd contende for Caesars office of hygh Priest all the which Pompey as a man experte in warre dyd mislike and though he were troubled yet did he dissemble it and helde his peace with doubt and feare as he that nowe dyd no more rule but was commaunded of other bycause of force and againste hys wyll he did al things So great a discouragement to so noble a man that til that day had alwayes had prosperous hap séemed on the sodaine to fall vppon hym eyther for that he was not followed when hée gaue good counsell but was driuen to put the liues of so many in hazarde and his owne glory which he had kepte till that day vnspotted or for that he had some diuination of the euil wyth feare that was at hande that that day he shoulde fall from so great a Lordship onelye to hys friends thus he sayde That whosoeuer had the victorye that day shoulde be cause of great calamitie to y Romains for euer He set order for the battell and by hys wordes that hée spake in that feare many dyd gather that if he had wonne that day he would not haue gyuen ouer the rule Of the number that they had whereof manye speake vncertainely I will followe the Romaine Authours that write most reasonably of the Italians in whome was the chiefe truste not regardyng or speakyng much of the confederates in whom they had little affiaunce Caesar had two and twentye thousande and in them aboute a thousand horse Pompey had double as many and seauen thousand horse so they that speake likely say there was at thys battel .lxx. M. Italians they that write lesse thréescore thousand they that make moste foure hundred thousande whereof some saye that Pompey had thrée parts and some that of thrée parts he had two Thus doubtfully haue they left the matter but how many soeuer they had their chiefe trust was in the Italians Of Straungers Caesar had French horsemen and also French men beyond the Alpes of Grecians Dolopians Acarnians Aetolians These helpes had Caesar Pompey had al the nations of the Easte in heaps both of horse and footemen of Grecians he hadde the Lacedomonians distributed vnder their owne Kyngs the reste were Peloponesians and with them the Boetians The Athenienses also came to thys warre althoughe both sides proclaymed they shoulde noâ— be hurte as the sacred men of the lawe makers drawn thither by the glory of this battayle wherein they should fyghte for the Empire of the Romaines After the Greeks there were but fewe of all the sea towarde the East but the inhabitours came to Pompey Thracians Hellespontians Bithinians Phrygians Jonians Lydians Pamphilians Pysidianes Paphlagonians Cilicians Syrians Pheniteans and a nation of Hebrewes Arabians also mgh vnto these Cyprians Rhodians stingers of Creta and other Ilanders Kyngs and Princes also came to ayde hym Deâ—otaâ—us the Tetrarche of the Easte Galatians Ariarathes King of Capadocia the Armenians wythin Euphrates Taxiles did leade the Armenians beyonde Euphrates Magabates lieutenaunte to Artapa the Kyng Other inferiour Lordes resorted to thys trauayle beside thréescore shippes of Egipt sente of the Princes of the same Cleopatra and hir brother being yet a childe But these were not vsed in the warres nor anye of the other shippes but all laye ydely at Corcyra wherein it séemeth that Pompey did euill to neglect so great a nauy wherewyth hée myghte haue â—â—feated hys enimies of al thynges but he trusted vpon hys armye by land and woulde trye it wyth them that for theyr continuaunce wyth long experience were full of courage and as sauage people gréedy of the fight But to beware of them the mishap by Gods workyng at Durazzo séemeth to bée the impediment which to Caesar was the fitteste opportunitie of all other For by that Pompeys army waxed insolent and made little accompte of their Capitayne and tooke in hande thys matter verye vnskilfully But God hadde so appoynted it that it shoulde come to suche a state as it is nowe ouer all Then eyther of them assemblyng theyr armyes exhorted them and firste Pompey said thus You my fellow Souldioures do now commaunde as Captaynes and not obey as Souldiours For wheras I would haue consumed Caesar you wyl néedes call vpon the fyghte therfore as appoynters of the battayle vse it as the more may do the lesse and as vanquishers contemne them that be vanquished and as the yong despise the olde and as the lusty may the féeble You haue of youre syde power preparation and conscience of the cause for you trauaile for libertye your country with law and good opinion with such men as bée Senatours and Gentlemen agaynste one man that woulde vsurpe a gouernment Go to therfore as becommeth with good hope and haue in your sight the fléeing away they made at Durazzo and howe many of their ensignes we tooke that day This saide Pompey but Caesar to hys men spake thus The hardest my friends we haue ouercome for in steade of hunger and wante we fight wyth men This day determineth all remember
therfore they counselled him to go to Egipt a nation nygh of great dominion fertyl and aboundant of grayne money and nauye whose kings though they were children yet friends to him for his fathers sake and so for this cause he sayled into Egipt At this time Cleopatra being eiected out of the kingdome by hir brother with whom she shoulde ioyntly haue raigned prepared an army in Syria againste him Ptolomeus Cleopatras brother was at a place in Egipt called Cassium and did lye in campe to resist his sisters forces and as fortune wold Pompey was driueÌ„ thither When he perceiued an army aland he stayed his ship and thought as it was in déede that the king was there hée sent vnto him to shewe of the amity betwéene hys father and him The king was thirtéene yeare olde one Achillas did gouerne his army and Photinus and Cnuch was his Treasurer They beganne to consulte what was beste to be done wyth Pompey There wasâ—also Theodotus of Samos an Drator and Scholemaâ—ster to the king who dyd perswade the wicked acte to deceyue and kyâ— Pompey to gratifye Caesar This counsel preuayled they sent a simple boate as though the roughnesse of y Sea would not suffer a greater Some of the kings seruauntes wente into the beate and with them Semprouius a Romayne who had serued vnder Pompey and was nowe wyth the kyng He offered his hande in the kings name to Pompey and wylled hym to come as to his son and friende As this was done the army was set in order and drewe neare the sea as to honoure Pompey and the king was set in the midst in a purple vesture to be séene of all Pompey suspected all both the ordering of the army and the meanes of the vessel chiefly bycause the king came not toward him nor sent any of his noble men he spake a verse of Sophâ—cles VVho to a Tiranne goes His slaue he is though free he rose And then he entred that boate Euery man being silent in y passage he rather suspected and chiefly Sempronius eyther bycause he knew him to be a Romaine and hauing serued vnder hym or bycause he did coniecture it séeing him only staÌ„ding according to souldiours discipline who doe not set when the chiefe is by Then he turned to him and sayd surely I should know thée O Souldier He nodded at hym agayn and as he turned was the first that stroke him then the other His wife and friends séeing this a farre off cried and held vp their handes to the gods reuengers of friendshippe broken and sayled away streyght as from enimies lande They that were about Photino cut of Pompeis heade and kept it for Caesar as a great gratification but he worthily reuenged this wicked déed vpon them The rest of his body was buryed at the sea bancke and a silly Sepulchre was made to the which one wrote this Epitaph Lo here he lyeth in simple graue A Temple that deservde to haue In processe of tyme the graue was couered with sand and certaine Images of Brasse which the inhabitants did afterwarde set vp to Pompey vnder the Hil Cassius were taken away and layde vppe in a secrete place of a Temple In my tyme Adrianus the Romaine Emperour in hys iourney that way did cause it to be sought and found out and made the graue to be amended so as euery man might see it and erected the Images that were dedicated to Pompey This was the end of Pompey by whom so many great battayles had bene fought and the Romaine Empire so increased as he had the surname of Great neuer being ouercome before but from his youth still inuincible and happy and froÌ„ thrée and twenty to eight and fiftie yeares he ruled like a king but in opinion supposed to gouerne like a populare man for the emulation of Caesar Lucius Scipio Pompeis father in Lawe and all the other noble men that did escape the battayle fledde to Cato to Corcyra who was generall of another army and thrée hundred Gallies being left there as a prudent Counsellour The noblest of Pompeis friendes deuided the Nauye Cassius sayled to Pontus to Pharnaces to stirre him against Caesar Scipio and Cato wente into Libya trusting vppon Varus and his army and Iuba king of Numidia his confederate Pompey Pompeis eldest sonne and Labienus wyth him and Scapula hauing a part wente into Spaine to make it against Caesar and they got him another army of Iberians and Celtiberians and slaues to haue the preparation greater so mighty a power of Pompeis army was yet left which he by his infelicitie did abandon when he fled away â–ª They that were in Lybia did chose Cato for the general Captaine who for y presence of suche men as had bene Consuls and others that had bene Lieuetenaunts and he only a Pretor in Rome refused the same So L. Scipio was made general and a great army was gathered and trayned and these were the chiefest preparations in Libya and Iberia gathered against Caesar After the victorie Caesar aboade two dayes in Pharsalo sacrificing and recreatyng hys wearye armye and there made the Thessalians frée that had serued him and pardoned the Athenians at their sute vsing these wordes Howe often hath the glorie of your auncestours saued you wheÌ„ you haue deserued destruction The third day he remoued towarde the East following the fame of Pompeis flighte and for wante of Gallies sayled ouer Hellespont in little boates Cassius with his number of Gallies met him as he was going to Pharnaces and although he might with his Gallies haue had the aduantage of those little boates yet for feare of Caesars felicitie and valiantnesse he was amazed and suspecting that Caesar had come of purpose to finde him he helde vp his handes and came from his Gallies into the boates to aske hym pardoÌ„ and deliuer him all his Gallies So much force had the glorye of Caesars felicitie for I sée none other reason nor can iudge any other meane in so great difficultie of time to haue such fortune that he should so afray Cassius a valiaunt man comming vppon him with scauentâ—e Gallies vtterly vnprouided that he durste not medle with him For as cowardly as he did now yéeld vnto him vpoÌ„ the Sea so after did he as cruelly kyl him wheÌ„ he was Lord of all at Rome Wherefore it is euident that he was then ouerborne with the feare of his felicitie Caesar thus being saued against all hope and past Hellespont he pardoned the Ionians Aetolians and other nations that inhabite greate Cherroneso which by one name is called Asia y lower He forgaue them that sent embassadours to craue it Understanding that Pompey was gone to Egipt he went to the Rhodes where he would not tarry for the reste of his armye that was comming to him by parts but with the Gallies of Cassius and the Rhodes and such men as he presently hadde he
Pompey and hearing of Caesars sacrifices and the differing of the Senate were in greate doubte and one that was there tooke Casca by the hande and sayde vnto hym woulde you kéepe it from me that am your friende Brutus tolde me Casca was in a sodayne passion that he knewe it then he saite more to hym simlyng where wyl you haue money for your office of Edilis and Casca tolde him Brutus and Cassius beyng togither and in talke one of the Senators Publius Laenas sayde hée wished well to that they had in their mindes and exhorted them to dispatch it They being much amazed helde their peace for anguishe As Caesar came forth one of hys familiars vnderstanding of the conspiracie and vsing to tel what hée hearte wente to Calphurnia and saide onelye thys bycause the matter touched Caesar much he would tarry til he came from the Senate for he knew not al that was wrought against him And one Artemidorus that was his hoste in Guido ranne vnto the Counsell house and found hym newe slaine Of another a booke of the Conspiracie was deliuered as he made haste into the Senate whiche was founde againe in hys hande when hée was dead And came out of his Litter Laenâ— that had wished wel before to Cassius came vnto hym and talked verye earnestlye wyth him the sight wherof did trouble theÌ„ and the length of the talke made them winke one at another to dispatche themselues before they should be taken But perceyuing by the manner that Laena was liker to speake for himselfe and make supplication than to bewray them they stayed and in the ende when they saw hym giue humble thankes they were encouraged againe It was the custome that Rulers of the Citie shoulde sacrifice when they went to the Senate And agayne in Caesars firste sacrifice there was no harte or as some say no heade of the entrailes and wheÌ„ the Diuinor said it was a signe of death hée smiled and sayde so it was in Spaine when I ouerthrewe Pompey and the Diuinor aunswering that then he was in perill indéede and nowe the token was more manifest Caesar bad hym sacrifice againe nothing appearing better than it was being ashamed y he made y Senate tarry for hym being hastned of his enmies as though they had bin friâ—ds in dispight of his enimies he went in For it must needes come that was determined They left Trebonius to entertaine Antony without the dores and when Caesar was sâ—â—â— hys seate they stoode aboute him as hys friends with weapons hid and first Attilius Cymber stood before him made sute for hys brothers returne that was banished Caesar being against it vtterly denying it hée tooke hym by the purple robe as he would haue made more sute he rufded the garment and pulled it ouer his necke crying Why staye you O frieÌ„ds Casca came ouer his head first thrust his dagger at his throat which missing hit him on y breast Caesar twitching his gown froÌ„ Cimbro catching Casca by y hand flung froÌ„ his seate with great violeÌ„ce layd hold vpon Casca Whiles he was doing this wrestling with him another stroke him on the side that laye open and Cassius hurte him in the face and Brutus on the thyghe and Bucolinus betwéene the shoulders yet Caesar with rage and reare like a wilde beaste stepped to euery of theÌ„ but after Brutus had hurt him as thoughe then hée had dispaired he wrapte himself in his gowne and fell comely before the picture of Pompey and they when he was downe vsed such despite as they gaue him three and twentie woundes and many were so hastie that they hurte one another When this act was done by these murderers in a sacred place vpon a sacred and inuiolate man by and by there was fléeing from the Senate house and about all the Citie and in the tumulte some Senatours were hurt and other men were killed and there was muche slaughter done both of Citizens and straugers not of purpose but as happeneth in such a Ciuill stir when one commeth vpoÌ„ another ignorauntly The sworde players that had bene in armour from the morning for the shewe of certaine playes ranne from the game place to the barres of the Senate house the people that came to the playes driuen into a feare fledde away shoppes were spoyled al dores were shutte and preparation made for defence from the house toppes Antony went to his owne house entending to take aduice for this case of Caesars Lepidus the Captaine of horsemen being in the coÌ„mon place and hearing what was done ranne to the I le within the Cytie where he had a legion and brought them abroade to be ready at Antonies commaundement For he did cleaue to Antony as Caesars friende and chiefly as Consull Being mette togyther they had greate desire to reuenge Caesars death that thus was handled They feared the Senate woulde take the killers parte therfore they would stay to consider of it There were no souldiours about Caesar for he delighted not in a garde but only vsed the Sergeants of his aucthoritye and when he wente from his house to the Senate he was wayted on with manye of the magistrates and great number of people as wel Citizens as straungers and of seruauntes and frée men in great multitude all the which fléeing away by heapes only thrée seruauntes taried which layd his body in the litter Thus thrée men not suteable did carie him home that a little before was Lorde of sea and lande The murderers woulde haue sayde somewhat in the Senate house but no maÌ„ wold tarry to heare They wrapt their gowns about their left armes as Targets and hauyng their daggers bloudy cryed they had kylled a king and a Tyranne and one bare an hatte vpon a speare in token of Libertie Then they exhorted them to the common wealth of their countrey and remembred olde Brutus and the oth made againste the old Kings Some went among them shewing their daggers who though they were not at the fact yet woulde they haue parte of the prayse as Lentulus Spintor Fauorinus Aquinus Dolobella Murcus and Peticus who wer not then partakers of the glorie but afterwarde tasted of the punishment with the offenders The common people came not to them which made them the more doubtful and in feare As for the Senate although for ignoraunce and tumult they were fled yet they had good truste in theÌ„ as in their kinsefolkes and friends and such as could as euil beare Tirannie as they but the people they suspected and as many as had serued Caesar in warre whereof there were not a fewe then present in the Citie some discharged of the warfare were appointed to habitations and some that had bin at their dwelling places were now come again to go the iourney wyth Caesar They were afrayde also of Lepidus and his army in the
When Brutus and Cassius wer gone out of the Citie and Antony nowe alone ruled all he coueted the presidentship of some prouince and the armye therof he was chiefly desirous of Syria but knowing he was alredy suspected he thought he should be more if he required any for the Senat had secretly wrought Dolobella to be against him who was the other Consul and always at strife with Antony Antony seing that Dolobella was a yong man and ambitious perswaded him to aske Syria in Cassius place and their army that was made againste the Parthians but not to aske it of the Senate for that was not expedient but of y people by a law He was perswaded by and by and propounded the lawe The Senate aleaged that he brake Caesars actes he answered that the war of Parthi◠was appointed to no man by Caesar and that Cassius who was sent to Syria was the first that had altered Caesars decrées in giuing leaue to them that wer assigned dwellings in the coūtry to sel their portions before twenty yeares determined by law that he could not take it wel being Dolobella not to be thought worthy of Syria before Cassius The Senate persuaded Asprin◠one of the Tribunes to find a fault in the assebly by some tokē hoping that Antony would haue allowed it being Consul and officer of the tokens and stil as they thought at variance with Dolobella The electiō now being come Asprina affirming the tokē to be vnlucky then the maner was to send other into it Antony was angry at the subtilty cōmaunded the cōpanies to make choyce for Dolobella And so was Dolabella made president of Syria and generall of the army against the Parthians and of the legions that Caesar had gathered for this purpose and left in Macedonia This was the first time that Antony séemed to fauoure Dolabella This being done of the people Antony required Macedonia of the Senate thinking they would be ashamed to denye it him séeing Dolabella had Syria and nowe voyde of an office The Senate gaue it him vnwillingly and maruelled that he woulde deliuer the armye that was there to Dolabella whome yet they were glad shoulde haue it before Antony Nowe Brutus friendes thought good to aske Antony other prouinces for Brutus and Cassius so Cyrene and Creta was giuen them or as some saye both Creta and Syrene to Cassius and Bythinia to Brutus And these were the doings at Rome Octauius Caesars sisters nephew was made of Caesar generall of the horsemen for one yeare and this honor Caesar vsed to gyue to his friends from yeare to yeare He being yet yong was sent of Caesar to Velona to apply his booke and to be trayned in feates of warre there to remayne whilest he wente againste his enimies and to exercise himselfe with the bands of Horsemen that came from Macedonia with other great Captaynes of the armie that resorted thither to visit hym as Caesars kinsman whereby he was knowen to many and wanne the loue of the army for he receyued them that came to him with great curtesie Hauing bin now sixe monethes in Velona about the euening it was told that Caesar was slayne in the Senate house of them that he loued best and might doe most with hym Of further matter nothyng being yet tolde he stoode in feare and doubt whether it were the whole publike worke of the Senate or some priuate practise or whether the doers were punished of the more parte or whose acte it was or whether the multitude did ioyne with them After thys his friendes sente to hym from Rome wishing him to goe to the host of Macedonia for his suretie in the which place after it shuld be knowen that it was no common fact he might be a terror to his enimies in reuenging of Caesar and diuers of the Captaynes promised him that if he woulde come to them they woulde sée hym safe His Mother and Philip his Father in lawe wrote vnto him to take nothing vpon him nor to be encouraged remembring that after Caesar hadde ouercome his enimies he was thus vsed of his déerest friendes The priuate life at this prosent was further off from perill and nowe rather to be chosen and if he were with them at Rome he should be well kept Octauius by these persuaded without further knowledge what was done after Caesars deathe embracing the Captaynes sayled ouer the Ionian Sea not taking land at Brunduse bycause he did not trust the army that was there and therefore was well ware but at another Citie not farre off called Lupio where he stayed and receyued aduertisementes from his friends of Caesars deathe of the peoples tumult of the publication of his testamente and of the orders taken and was aduised to beware of Caesars enimies bycause he was named his sonne and heire counselled him not to take the inheritance vpon him But he thinking it a dishonor as wel of this as not to reuēge Caesars death wēt to Brunduse sēdyng afore to search that there should be none of the strikers in anye awaite The army of that place did méete him and receyued him as Caesars sonne where with good courage he made sacrifice and straightway accepted the name of Caesar for the Romaines vsed to giue their name to them whome they made their children by adoption which he did not only admitte but changed his name frō Octauius Octauius sonne to Caesar Caesars sonne which continued till his ende By and by was there great repaire of mē to him some as Caesars friendes some as his seruantes and fréemade men and some souldioures with them some bringing preparation money toward Macedonia and some other reuenues of other prouinces to Brunduse He then trusting vpon the multitude that came vnto him and in Caesars glory and in the beneuolence of all mē to him tooke his iourney toward Rome accompanyed with a conuenient number which dayly like a streame did increase being safe from open force by the multitude of people not without suspitiō of deceypt bycause all that came with him almost were of newe acquaintāce and euery citie did not fauour him But Caesars souldioures and such as were by his appoyntmēt placed came from the habitations to the fauour of this yong man They lamented for Caesar and complayned of Antony that woulde not reuenge so great a mischiefe affirming that they if any man woulde be their guide would reuenge his death Octauius Caesar gaue them great prayse and willed thē to be quiet for the time and came to Terracina about fiftie miles from Rome where it was told him that Syria and Macedonia was taken from Brutus Cassius by the Consuls and that to comforte them Creta and Syrene were graunted them and that certayne banished men were reuoked and that Pompey was restored and that many were made Senatoures by Caesars determination and diuers other things Being come to Rome his mother Philip and their
into Aegipt brought from thence foure legions whiche being scattered after the ouerthrowe of Crassus and Pompey or else lefte of Caesar wyth Cleopatra Cassius comming suddaynely vpon hym compelled him to deliuer his Legions in Palestina being afrayd with foure Legions to fighte with eyghte So Cassius beyonde expectation was Lord of twelue full Legions and Dolobella going out of Asia into Liodicea where for frendship he was receyued he followed and beséeged whiche thyng when the Senate hearde they were glad In Macedonia Caius Antonius brother to Antonius Marcus dyd make warre with Brutus hauing one Legion of armed Citizens and being inferioure to Brutus he layde traynes for hym which Brutus escaping did catch him with the like traynes and doing nothing to him nor them that he had taken he badde his owne Souldioures to be familiar with their enimies but they refusing that familiaritie and not admitting their conuâ—rsation he suffered them freely to departe when he had them at advantage They goyng another way he appeared suddaynely vnto them in another straight where he dyd not touche them but gently receyued them They remembring that he was euer thought to be the most courteous Citizen and worthy the opinion that he had of wisedome and mildenesse they accepted hys courtesie and gaue themselues vnto him Caius also yéelded to hym and was in honor with Brutus till he was founde manye times corruptyng the army and so put away Thus Brutus to his former army had syxe Legions and praysing the Macedonians he gathered of them two legions more whome he exercised after the Italian manner These thyngs were done in Siria and Macedonia In Italiâ— Caesar tooke it euill that Decimus was made Generall agaynste Antonie before him â–ª He hidde hys anger and desired that hée myghte make a Triumph for the feates hée hadde done and béeing reiected of the Senate for requiring greater thynges than belonged to hys age hée was afraide least if Antonie were ouerthrowen they woulde more despise him and therefore desired to haue conference with hym as Pansa counselled hym when hée dyed All the Souldioures and Captaynes of Antonies that he had taken hée vsed courteously and tooke them as hys owne and them that woulde he sente to Antonie as a signification that he was no enimie to hym To Ventidius that was friend to Antonie and hadde broughte thrée legions he drewe nygh wyth hys army and when he had made hym afrayde he did nothing to hym but graunted hym eyther to ioyne with hym or to goe to Antonie fréely with hys armie and to protest that for lacke of knowledge he had â—mitted the common profite When Ventidius heard thys he wente to Antonie In the meane tyme Octauius Caesar honoured Decius one of Antonies Captaynes whome hée hadde taken at Mutina He gaue hym leaue to goâ— to Antonie if he woulde and he demaunding of hys mynde towarde Antonie hée sayde he had shewed sufficiente and manye tokens to them that coulde percâ—yue and to them that woulde be ignorante more woulde not suffice Thus dyd Caesar signifye to Antonie To Leâ—idus and Asinius he more playnely signifyed of the despight against hym and of the myghtie preparation of the kyllers makyng them afrayde that to increase Pompeis faction all Caesars friendes one after another shoulde be serued as Antonie was whych he through ignoraunce and suspition of a feare did longer suffer He allowed well they shoulde obey the Senate for a fashion but for theyr owne suretie they shoulde agrée togyther whylest they myghte and that they shoulde héerein reprooue Antony and to vse the manner of the legionaries not to departe from them when the seruice was done nor to leaue the trade of warre and disseuer leaste thereby the Enimie myghte take some aduantage but rather togither inhabite others places thereto desirous for their power than seuerally euery man in his countrey consume his owne This did Caesar send to Lepidus and Asinius Deciâ—us armye olde and famished was full of sicknesse and loosenesse of bodye and the newe Souldioures were yet vnexercised â–ª but Plancus with his ordinarie armye drew nigh vnto him Decimus wrote to the Senate that Antonie shoulde be caught in his snares béeing tyred with things past Pâ—mpeys friends hearing of this did maruellously reioyce crying now to be time to restore their Countreys libertie Euerye man made sacrifices and elected tenne men to punishe Antonies power And this was a forme to abolish Caesars decrées whiche Antonie put in vre by his remembrances doing little or nothing of himselfe whiche thing the Senate well perceyuing did by occasion disanull some and so they hoped to dissolue all and the tenne men did commaund that whosoeuer hadde receyued anye thing by Antonies authoritie contrarye to the Senate they should restore it and declare it and to them that disobeyed a punishment was threatned Pompeys secte required the rule of Consuls in stead of Hirtius and Pansa for the rest of the yeare Caesar did the like not of the Senate but of Cicero priuately sendyng to him and exhorting him to be in office with him bycause he was more sage more experte and better acquainted with the office than he and that he only would thinke it a benefyte to beare the name that he might haue an honest pretence to leaue his armye for the which cause he had required a triumph Cicero héereby being blowen vp with ambition sayde he perceyued a conspiracie to be wrought by the Captayne 's abroade and therefore he thought good to pleasure this yong man béeyng not well intreated and Lorde of a greate armye and rather to graunte him an office in the Citie before his time than to force him to be in armes least he might do something that should not content the Senate and wished some of the wise antients might be appoynted as a maister of his yong yeares But the Senate laughed at Ciceros ambition and the kinsmen of the killers were against it â—earing that Caesar would accuse them when he should be Consull and for diuerse lawfull causes made delay in the election Antonie in this tyme passed the mountaines Hauing persuaded Culeo a Capitaine of Lepidus and keper of the passage to credite hym he drewe nighe the â—ioude where Lepidus was and lay without trenche or ditche bicause he would shew he was friend to him Diuerse messages were sent betwéene them Antony recording diuers friendshippes and pleasures affirmed that if he woulde not agrée all they of Caesars 〈◊〉 shoulde be broughte to the like calamitie Lepidus being afraide of the Senate that hadde commaunded hym to make warre vppon Antoâ—â— affyrmed yet that he 〈◊〉 it againste his will. Now Lepidus his army reuerâ—â—cing the dignitie of Antonie and perceiuing the messengers betwéene them and delighting in the quietnesse of his souldiours secretly firste mingled among theÌ„ after openly as with their fellow citizens and souldiors and when they were forbidden by the
both was honoured with the place of a Lieutenaunt And after them Caesar to cléere himself of Ciceros iniurie made him straight the Bishop and not long after Consul and President of Syria And wheÌ„ Caesar ouercame Antony at Actio he was yet Consul and Caesar wrote to him of it which Letters he readde to the people of Rome and sate in that seate of Justice where his fathers head was put Appius diuided his substance among his seruants and sayled with them into Sicelie They watching for his mony a storm rysing put him into a boate that they might sayle with the more safetie but it chaunced that he in the boate was saued beyonde all hope and they drowned with theyr shippe Publius a treasurer of Brutus and of the familie of Anteny was requested to forsake Brutus which bicause he would not do he was proscribed yet he returned and was a friende to Caesar and when Caesar came to him he woulde shewe him Brutus picture for the which he was praysed of Caesar These things beyonde hope happening to the proscribed men both in daunger and safetie many moe being omitted I thought chiefe to be declared When matters had thus passed in Rome all the places about for these troubles were ful of enimies great warres fell out In Libya of Cornificius against Sextius in Syria of Cassius against Dolobella in Sicilia of Pompey where great affliction was among the Citties for this captiuitie I will ouerpasse the lesse the greatest that appeared more worthie than the rest in Loadicea Tharsus Rhodes Patareans and Xantheans and euery of them which from the beginning in order I haue gathered to write were these The Romaines call that parte yet olde Libya which they wanne of the Carthaginenses that whiche King Iuba helde and was after gotten by Caesar they call Newe Libya and may bée of Numidia Sextius being president of New Libya vnder Caesar commaunded Cornificius to giue place in the olde as thoughe all Libya was Caesars by lot When the thrée men made their diuision he sayd he knew no suche diuision made of the thrée men among themselues nor woulde deliuer the Prouince which he had receiued of the Senate but onelye to them againe And for this cause they made war one against another Cornificius had an armye well appointed and great in number Sextius had lighte harnessed and fewer by the whiche comming abroade hée caused men to reuolte from Cornificius and gaue repulse to Ventidius a Captaine of Cornificius comming vpon him lustily and besieged him Laelius an other Captayne of Cornificius went abrode and wan Cirta and other places from Sextius and they al sent to Arabion the king and to them that were called Sittians to take part with them in the warre which were so called for thys cause Sittius in Rome not abiding sentence in his own quarrell fled and gathering an army came froÌ„ Italy and Spaine into Libya and tooke a part among the Libyan Kings that warred togither and with whom he ioyned and gotte the victorie he was called a Sittian bycause his army did very valiantly When Caius Caesar did persecute Pompeys friends he did fyghte for him in Libya and ouerthrewe Sabura Iubas Lieutenant a famous man For whiche cause Sittius was rewarded of Caesar with king Manasses land not al but the best part of it Manasses was this Arabions father and confederate with Iuba His lande Caesar gaue to Sittius and to Bocchus king of the Marusians one part whereof Sittius diuided for the people vnder him Arabion fledde into Iberia to Pompeis children and when Caius Caesar was killed he retourned againe to Libya and euer sending some of his Libyans to the yonger Pompey into Iberia and receyuing expert souldiours from thence he tooke hys lande from Bocchus and dispatched Sittius by craft and being still friend to the Pompeyans and perceyuing their fortune to be full of infelicitie without hope he agréede with Sittius and soone by hym was reconciled to Caesar The Sittians also for his fathers beneuolence wyth Caesar ioyned wyth hym Sestius being nowe emboldned came from the siege to the fight where Ventidius was slayne and the army fledde without a guyde whome he chased and killed and tooke many of them Laelius hearing of this leuied the siege at Cirta and wente to Cornificius Sestius being hauty with this feat went to Cornificius at Vtica and encamped against him hauing much people And Cornificius sending Laelius with horsmen to take a view Sestius sent Arabion with his horse against Laelius at the face he with horse better appointed came vpon him on the side and disordred hym so that Laelius thoughe not inferior yet fearing his retire shoulde haue bene shutte tooke an hill that was betwéene both where Arabion as hée was directed kylled manye and compassed the reste Cornificius séeing this came foorthe wyth hys whole power to helpe Laelius Sestius sette vpon him on the back with sodayne charge whome Cornificius endeuoured to repell with great trauaile Arabion in the meane time créeping with his meÌ„ through the stony places came secretly ouer mountaines vpon Cornificius campe Roscius that was kéeper of the campe being distressed offered hys throate to be cutte of a Page Cornificius wearie of the fyght went to Laelius to the mountaine not knowing what was doone at his Campe when Arabion â–ª horsemen came vpon him and killed him Laelius séeing al this vpon the hill kylled himselfe When the Captaines were deade the armies fled seuerally and suche of the proscribed men as were with Cornificius some fledde into Sicelie and some whither they could Sestius rewarded Arabion and the Sitâ—ians with goodly gifts and the Citties he pardoned to obey Caesar This was the ende of the warre in Libya betwixte Cornificius and Laelius very shorte if a man consider the feates doone wyth so great spéede With Brutus and Cassius in comparison to these little was done and that was this when Caius Caesar was killed the murderers tooke the Capitoll and when obiâ—uion of al thinges was decréed they came down The people at the funerall of Caesar being moued wyth pittie ranne aboute to séeke the quellers and they driuing them backe from the toppes of the houses went to the prouinces that Caesar had appointed Cassius and Brutus beyng yet Pretors in the Citie were assigned also of Caesar to prouinces Cassius to Siria and Brutus to Macedonia And bycause they coulde not goe to their prouinces before their time nor abide the hate of the Citie they wente away being yet in office and the Senate in consideration of them appointed them Purueioures for prouision that in that meane time they shoulde not be thought to flée away They beyng gone Syria Macedonia were apointed by decrée to Antony and Dolobella being then Consuls The Senate béeing very muche grieued gaue them in steade thereof Creta Cirene whiche they not regarding in shorte tyme gathered much money and men
was dead sente messengers to Caesar and Antony who were pardoned and diuided into their armies beyng aboute .xiiij. M. They yéelded also that kepte the â—ortes and Tentes all the whiche were gyuen to Caesars Antonies Souldiours to be spoyled Of the Noble men that were with Brutus some were slayne in the battayle some offered themselues fréely to the Generals some of purpose continued the fighte to be kylled as Lucius Cassius a brothers Sonne of Cassius and Cato his Sonne who falling many times among their enimies and being forsaken tooke of hys headpéece that he mighte be knowne or notably kylled or bothe Labeo knowne for his wisedome father of that Labeo that now is renouâ—â—ed for his knowledge in the lawes made a graue in his tente bigge inough for his body takyng order for al things with his seruaunts he signified to his wife and children what he would haue done and tooke the letters to his seruaunts to carry and taking him by the right hande whom he loued best and turnyng him as the Romane manner was made him frée and beyng turned he tooke him his sworde offred his throte so to him his Tent was his graue Rasâ—us the Thracian that brought many through the mountaynes desired a reward and had it to saue his brother Rasâ—â—polis whereby it may be perceyued that at the beginning these Thracians were not at variance But bicause two great armies at debate shoulde passe their countries they diuided the certâ—â—iâ—â— of fortune that he that wanne might saue hym that loâ—t Portia 〈…〉 his wife sister to Caâ—â— the yonger when she heard that they â—â—th were read being diligently kept of his seruants tooke the fire from the harâ—â— and swalowed the coles The other noble men fledde to Thaso some sayled awaye some gaue themselues with the rest of the army â–ª to Mâ—ssâ—â—â— Cor 〈…〉 and Lucro â—ibulo men of like aucthoritie that they mighte take counsell for themselues to doe for all the rest Many gaue themselues to Antony as he sayled towarde â—hase and all the mony armoure and plenty of victual and any other preparation whiche was great Thus Caesar and Antony by singular boldenesse gotte suche a iorney at two fight â—a foote as none had done before them for no suche nor so great an army of Romaines euer came to handes before not gathered of common Citizens but of the beste Gentlemen not ignorant of fighting but long practised of thâ—selues not of straunge or barbarous nation but of all one language and one arte of war of one strength and exercise hard to be matched therefore among themselues none euer vsed more boldenesse or fiercenesse in fight a token of that the number of deade men being equall in bothe fights and no fewer of theirs that did ouercome Caesars and Antonies souldiours did fulfill their Captaines will in one day and one worke chaunging extreame danger of famine and feare of death into victuall abundant into safety stable into victory notable It followed of that fight that the wise Romaines did prophesie For the common wealth was chieflie iudged by that feate and was lyke to haue come to the populare state agayne And there was no acte of anye suche troubles among themselues but in the variaunce betweene Caesar and Antony whiche was the laste among the Romains The things that in the meane tyme were done vnder Pompey after Brutus by them that of Cassius and Brutus friends fledde hither and thither retaining the renmaunt of so great preparation neither were they done with such boldnesse nor with such forces of men of Cities or of Captaynes in their prouinces for they had no nobilitie no Senate nor no glory as Brutus and Cassius had The ende of the fourth booke of Ciuill Dissentions ¶ The fift Booke of Appian of Alexandria of the Ciuill Dissentions of the Romaines AFter the deathe of Brutus and Cassius Octauian went into Italy and Antonie into Aegipt where Cleopatra méetyng with him ouercame him at the firste sight The which loue brought them to destruction and Aegipt to vtter ruine Wherof Egipt also shal be a part of this volume but not so great as it can giue it the title bicause many of the ciuill battailes are intermedled with it For after Cassius and Brutus there were lyke Ciuill Dissentions but wythoute a Generall that commaunded all as they did but some leading armies here and some there till Sextus Pompey the seconde son of Pompey the Greate being lefte of that faction was sette vp of Brutus friends Lepidus being nowe putte from his dignitie al the authoritie rested in Antony and Octauian the whiche things fell out after this sorte Cassius surnamed of Parma when Brutus and Cassius wente to battaile was lefte of them in Asia with an army and a nauy to gather mony When Cassius was deade he hauing no such hope in Brutus tooke thirtie of the Rhodian ships which he thought to be sufficient and burned the rest the holy ones only excepted that they should not rebel and with these and his own shippes he departed Clodius being sent thither of Brutus with thirtene shippes and fynding the Rhodians reuolted for now Brutus was also deade tooke away the garrison of thrée thousande souldiors and sayled to this Cassius â—orulus did ioyne with them hauing many other shippes and mony which he had gathered at Rhodes before they reuolted To this nauy as to a thing of power resorted all they that had offices in Asia and made legions and souldiours for the sea as wel as they could of seruants and people of the couÌ„tries Ilands There came to them Cicero that was son to Tullius Cicero and diuerse noble Citizens that were sled from Thaso and by and by there was a great army with a sufficieÌ„t nauy of good Captaines taking with them Lepidus also with an other band whiche he kept for Brutus at Creta And with these forces they sailed to Murcus and Oenobarbus into the gulfe of Ionia where diuiding themselues part went into Sicelie to Sextus Pompey and part remained with Oenobarbus for priuate faction and thus of the remnants of Brutus and Cassius a newe armye was made Octauian and Antonie sacrificed for the victorie at Philippi and gaue thankes to their souldiors And to performe their promise Octauian went into Italy to distribute lande to the souldiors which he did choose for his health And Antony weÌ„t among the nations beyond the seas and gathered mony for hie souldiours and diuided betwene them the lands y Lepidus had FraÌ„ce beyonde the Alpes Octauian woulde haue free according to the determination of the decrée of his vncle Caesar Lepidus was accused to fauour Pompeys part which if it were founde false Octauian determined to giue hym other Prouinces They licenced the old souldiors except eight thousand which desiring to serue still they diuided betwéene theÌ„ of them apointed bandes for their bodies To
them forth at breake of day with many scales and engins of yron and other to fill the ditches and climbe the trenches and wyth all kind of weapons to throw Thus they issued with great violence and filled the ditches withoute stoppe and casting their engins to the wall some did beate downe the trenche some set vp their scales and some assaulted the toures and without all respect of death fought it out notwithstanding the great resistaunce that was made with the shotte on the contrary parte This fight was in diuers places so as the defeuce was the weaker The fight was fierce vpon the bridge which they passed and also scaled the rampire and were like to haue done some desperate feate except the most valiaÌ„t of Caesars host had with like courage come to the resistaÌ„ce euer being relieued with fresh men the other at length being tyred were thrown from the trench and their engins broke and yet they stucke to it without shrinking though strength and voice fayled them Yet not being able to resist and ashamed to giue place they abode it til Lucius did blow the retreat at the which when Caesars souldiours did make great token of gladnesse Lucius men stroken with shame tooke their scales again and approched the wal but not able to do any good Lucius againe did cal them backe y they shoulde not caste away their liues in vaine Then with heauye harts and against their wils they retired This was the end of this sharpe assaulte Caesar then appointed souldioures to warde at the frenche and at a token to leape vppe to the wall whyche they dyddeÌ„ thoughe they hadde none dâ—casion exercising themselues and discouraging their foes Lucius Souldioures remained sadde and the wards were negligentlye kepte so as diuers fledde into the Campe not onely of the common sorte but also some Capitaynes Lucius was inclined to peace pitying the multitude that perished one thing hindred it that Caesars enâ—â—ies were afraid of themselues but wheÌ„ it was heard that he vsed the fugitiues geÌ„tly and that he was desirous of no mans death theÌ„ Luius thought it expedient without anye further respect to seeke peace And least the people woulde deliuer hym for all he thoughte he would proue their mindes and thus saide My desire and intent was O souldiour fellowes to haue reduced the common wealth to that state y our ancestors left it bycause I sawe the office of the thres men tourned into Tirannye and not amended after the death of Brutus and Cassius by whome they made their pretence of warre For Lepidus being remoued from their Collegeship Antony occupyed in far parts this man alone dothe here what he listeth the lawes bée onely pretences and shades I seeking remedye for these incommodities and minding to haue restored the commoÌ„ wealth I required that the souldiors hauing their due rewardes the power of one might haue bin abolished which bicause I coulde not do I wente aboute to doe it by force and power Then thys man accused me to the army as one that pitied the antieÌ„t inhabitance of the which accusation being ignorant not beléeuing it when I hearde of it bycause I was sure you receyued landes by my diuision yet many beléeued that false accusation and ioyned with him to make warre against vs which one day they shal find to be done against themselues For I am witnesse that you following the better part haue labored for theÌ„ aboue your strength Yet we be ouercome not of the eunimye but of hunger and as it were forsaken of our Captains It should haue become me to haue abiden the vttermost for my country therby in the ende haue had the prayse of my good wil but I can not for you whose safetie I preferre before my glory Therfore I wyll send Ambassadors to the victour and I will require him to punish me only and let you go that he would giue you y forgiuenesse which I do not aske for my selfe You being Citizens as he is sometime his souldiours not nowe offending but hauing a iuste cause of war be ouercome not with fight but with famine When be had thus said he sent by by thrée of the offiters that were chiefe The rest of the multitude lamented eyther their own case or the Generalls which meant wel as they did and seemed to be a friende of the common wealth and fayne to giue place to extreame necessitye The Ambassadoures that were sent to Caesar remembred to him their common country their common souldiourfare passed the friendships of the noble men of both sids the custome of their ancestors abhorring from suche deadly Oissentions and other things to thys purpose Caesar knowing that his enimies hoste consisted in olde and young souldiors vsed arte and saide he pardoned all Antonies souldiors the other he required to submitte to his discretion Thus he spake opeÌ„ly but secretly to Furnio he signified he would pardon al except his priuate enimies which priuate talk with Furniâ—s they had in suspition and saide that war was not made for displeasure but for common cause and required Lucius either to haue general peace or martial war. Lucius hauing pitie of those noble men that were equall in dignitie with the other praised them and saide he woulde sende other Ambassadors to him and bycause he thought none so fit as hymselfe he woulde go alone without an Heraulte When it was tolde Caesar that Lucius was comming to hym he went straight to méete him and they bothe came in sight accompanied with their friends in the habite of a General Then Lucius sending aside all hys friends wente on with two Sergeants signifying what he meant and Caesar following that beneuolence shewed the lyke token of modestie And when he saw Lucius come within his trenche that so he might shew himselfe to be in his power he firste wente oute of the Trenche that Lucius might be frée to saue hymselfe Thys they dyd outwardly by tokens of courtesy and when they were come to the ditche and had saluted eche other Lucius thus begaÌ„ If I had made this warre with straungers I would haue bin ashamed O Caesar to haue bin ouercome and more ashamed to yéelde myselfe from the whiche ignominie I woulde easilye haue deliuered my life But bicause I haue dealt with a Citizen of lyke authoritie and that for my country I thinke it no shame for such a cause to be ouercome of such a manne which I speake not that I refuse to suffer any thyng that thou writ put vpon mee beyng come to this campe wythout an Herauld but to aske pardon for other iuste and commedious for thyne estate Whych that thou mayste vnderstande the more playnly I wyll separate theyr cause from mine that after thou shalt vnderstand that I am the onelye cause thou mayste exercise thine anger vppon me Thinke not that I will inuey againste thee licentiously which now were oute of tyme
they did and drewe to the side of Antonyes Shippe where they saluted and embraced one another and the armye of Aenobarbus receyued Antony for theyr Generall yet was Plancus scarsly assured And Antonie tooke Aenobarbus into his owne ship and sayled to Poloenta where Aenobarbus had his footemen And there Aenobarbus gaue place to Antonie in the Generals tent From thence they sayled to Brunduse where was fiue bandes of Casars in garrison The Brundusians shut the gates to Aenobarbus as an auncient enimie and to Antonie as one that brought an enâ—nie Antonie tooke this pretence to be done by Caesars commaundement and therefore fortified the narrow parte of earth that ioyned to the Citie with ditche and trenche For this citie is almoste an Iland in a porte lyke a crescent whiche by lande could not be come vnto when this cliffe was cutte from it and the place fortified Antonie also did beset the hauen which is very great and all the Ilandes in it with many Castels that hée made He sent also into sundry coastes of Italy to take the fitte places and exhorted Pompey also that hée should inuade Italie as much as he coulde He gladly sent Menodorus with a great army .iiij. legions to gette Corsica which was Caesars where he tooke two legions beyng amased at this attonement with Antonie Antonies Captaynes tooke Sigunto a citie in Ausonia Pompey befleged Thurij and Cossentia placed his horsemen in their fieldes Caesar troubled in so many places at once sent Agrippa to releue Ausoniae He commaunded the Souldiours that were placed to serue but they vnderstandyng that it was done by Antonies coÌ„sent denied whiche troubled Caesar moste of all Yet he wente to Brunduse with an other army and by fayre wordes made the soldiours to go with him the whiche practised by secrete meanes to reconcile Caesar and Antonie And if Antonie woulde not they woulde sticke to Caesar who was now sicke at Canusio and had a greater armie than Antonie When he was come to Brunduse sawe how Antonie had cut off the lande from the Towne hée lay and wayted his aduersaries dayngs Antonie was stronger in munitions by the meane whereof he sente for his armie out of Macedonie and vsed this policie to put country men by nighte into his shippes bothe Galleys and other and to make a shewe of a great army to come from Macedonia and so began to beate Brunduse whereof Caesar was sory for he coulde not helpe it At that euening it was tolde that Agrippa had recouered Siguntum and that Pompey was repulsed from Thurio and that Cossence was still beséeged whereat Antony was sory And hearing that Seruilius was comming to Caesar with one thousande and two huÌ„dreth horse he could not stay but straight froÌ„ supper with greate rage tooke his fréendes and .iiij. C. horse and valiantly gaue the onset vpon a M. and v. C. and tooke them sléepyng at Vria and brought to Brunduse So great a fame was still of him for the victory hée gotte at Philippi The garde of his person would come to Caesars campe and vpbrayde them their vnkindnesse to hym that saued them at Philippi Who answeared that they did but defende themselues Then they obiected one agaynst an other The one that they were excluded from Brundusio and that the armie of Calenus was taken from them The other that Brunduse was besieged and that the coast was inuaded and aliance made with Aenobarbus a killer of Caesar and with Pompey a chief enimie At length Caesars men opened their minde to Antonies that they felowed Caesar not forgettyng Antonie beyng desirous that they might be reconciled But it Antonie would not relent they woulde do their vttermost And this talke had they in Antonies campe Whyles this was a doyng newes came that Antonies wyfe was dead who coulde not beare hys vnkyndnesse leauyng hir sicke not bidding hyr farewell Hir death was thought very coÌ„modious for them both For Fuluis was an vnquiet woman for ielousie of Cleopatra raysed suche a mortall warre Yet the matter vexed Antony bicause he was â—uÌ„pted the occasion of hir death L. Cocceius was fréend to theÌ„ both He the Sommer before was sente of Caesar with Cecinna to Antonie into Asia and Antonie sente Cecinna home kept Cocceius still He séekyng occasioÌ„ to trie Antonie told him Caesar had seÌ„t for him desired he might departe asked whether hée woulde wryte to Caesar or no Antonie was content hée should departe But as for wrytyng sayde hée what shoulde we wryte but tauntes one to an other seyng wée are nowe enimies And I wrote to hym by Cecinna the copie whereof you shall haue if you wyll I brought you letters from hym sayde Cocceius and enimie you can not take hym that vsed your brother Lucius and your other fréendes so well Why quoth Antonie hée shutteth me out of Brunduse and hath taken myne armie and prouince that Calenus kepte And where hée is good to my fréendes hée hath made them by hys benefites mine enimies Then Cocceius not mindyng furder to stirre so angry a man departed And when Caesar saw hym marueling he had tarried so long sayde â–ª I haue not saued your brother that you should become mine enimie how cal you sayd he your freÌ„ds enimies take froÌ„ them their armies prouinces wherto Caesar sayd After the death of Calenus so great a charge ought not to be giuen to so yong a man as Calenus sonne Antonie being absent Lucius Asinius Aenobarbus in armes against me As for PlaÌ„cus legions I intercepted that they shoulde not go to Pompey as the horsemen did These things were tolde otherwise to Antonie sayde he yet he beléeued nothing till he was shutte from Brunduse I knewe not of it sayde Caesar neyther did I commaunde it the Brundusians the garrison that I left could not abide him when hée brought with him Aenobarbus a killed of Caesar and a proscribed maÌ„ who after the field at Philippi beséeâ—ged Brunduse and yet troubleth the coast of Italie burned my shippes spoyled the countrey You haue sayd he coÌ„sented one to the other to make alliance with whom ye wil. Neither haue Antonie ioyned with any manqueller more than you haue for regard of your father Aenobarbus is no man killer neyther any decrée of anger made against him neither was he priuie to that purpose And if he be thought vnworthy pardon bicause he was fréend to Brutus then must we sée whether al other be not in his case CoÌ„federacie is made with Pompey not to hurte you but if you make warre vpon Antonie to haue his societie if not to reconcile hym to you who is boyde of faulte but you are in the faulte For if warre had not bene made in Italie they durste neuer haue sente Embassages to Antonie Caesar replied and sayde that Fuluia Lucius and Manius began the warre in Italy And Pompey durst neuer before inuade the coast of
the pump of Menecrates Then grapeling their Shippes togither they stoode firme The marriners and souldyoures fought with no lesse courage and footing than as if they had hin on the land They shotte they darted and threw stones and dyd cast bridges to passe from one to another And bycause Menedorus shippe was higher than the other they dyd the more harme with lesse payne Many were killed and hurte Menedorus was stricken through the arme with a dart the whych was streight pulled out But Menecrates was hurt in the thygh with a forked Spanish arrowe whych could not be pulled out And not beeyng able any longer to fyght he exhorted hys company and lept into the Sea and then Menedorus tooke hys Shyppe and drew it to land for he could fight no longer This was the fight on the lefte side of the Nauie On the right Caluisius chaced certaine shippes of Menecrates Demochares a fréemade maÌ„ of Pompeys also viceadmirall to Menecrates entred vpon the other shippes of Caluisius whereof he droue some to shore and some he made to flée some he set on fire When Caeluisius came from the chace and sawe hys Nauie-scattered and fired he stayde the one and quenched the other and bycause it was night both they withdrew to their former harborough This was the end of the first fight by sea wherein Pompey had the better Demochares gréeuously taking the deathe of Menecrates as a very greate losse for Pompey euer vsed Menecrates and Menedorus seruice by sea leauing al other thyngs as though not Menecrates body and one shippe hadde bin lost but the whole Nauie went streight from the broyle to Sicelie Caluisius lay still as long as he thought Demochares would come against him but when he saw him gone he refreshed his ships and kepte alongst y shore On the other side Caesar with a great Nauie froÌ„ Tarento and his army from Reggio mette with Pompey at Messina with fortie shippes only His friendes exhorted him to take the occasion of the few Shippes that Pompey had and to sette vppon him before the rest of his Nauie came but Caesar would not tyll he was ioyned with Caluisius affyrming it to be a folly to hazard without helpe When Demochares was come to Messina Pompey made him and Apollophanes his fréemade man also chiefe of the Nauie in stead of Menecrates and Menedorus When Caesar heard â—f the losse that Caluisius had he crossed the sea to méete with Caluisius and as he passed betwéene Stylida and Sylla Pompey set vpon y taile of his Nauie and prouoked y fight by all meanes but Caesar refused it either bycause he would not fight in the streights or bycause he would first find Caluisio He coÌ„manded all to draw nigh the shore to lie at anchor to staÌ„d to defence if any did set vpoÌ„ theÌ„ But Demochares coÌ„ming in setting two of his ships vpoÌ„ one of the other so droue theÌ„ togither vpon y rockes as many were crushed perished cowardly And y like lucke was héere as was at the fighte of Cuma Caesar lept out of his ship into the shore and holp to saue theÌ„ that swamme for their liues but Cornificius other Captaines without coÌ„mandemeÌ„t hoysed anchor tooke the sea thinking it better to be ouercome fighting thaÌ„ to perish foolishly And Cornificius with great boldnes toke the Ammirall that Demochares was in who lept into another The fighte ceÌ„tmuâ—ng wyth great losse Menodorus Caluisius were séene coÌ„ming not of Caesars coÌ„pany who trauelled for their liues but of Pompeys people only who therfore retired It was néere night they would not maâ—câ— with the Frechmen they being wéery the which chanced wel for the other that were in danger In the nighte many forsooke theyr ships and went to the mountaines and made many tokâ—s of fâ—â—â— to theÌ„ that were in the sea were all that night without meate without rest wanting all things Caesar being in like case went about praid theÌ„ to hold out til the morning It was not yet knoweÌ„ that Caluisius was come neither was there any help froÌ„ the ships al being in daÌ„ger of drowning but by another good lucke the â—iâ— â–ª legion drew nigh by the mountaines whiche hearing of the losse resorted to the fires by the rocky places found their Generall theÌ„ that were with him wéery wanting all things then one did help another And they brought Caesar into an old house withoute any of his chamber being dispersed in that nightes tumult WheÌ„ he had sente aboute to shew that he was safe he vnderstoode that Caluisius was come so being recomforted by two ioyful newes he tooke rest At breake of day he loked out saw his ships some burned some halfe burned and some floting and some broken Caluisius being come he caused as much help and repaire to be made as could be and the rather bycause the enimie was gone but behold a vehement Southwind blewe and made a rough sea so as Caesars ships were againe crushed on the cliffes rockes and one against another Pompey was in the port of Messana Menedorus fearing the violeÌ„ce of the storme weÌ„t further into the sea and many followed his exaÌ„ple The other thinking the storme woulde soone haue ceassed as is wont in Spring time kept stil about the shore sauing theÌ„selues with labour but the winde waxing greater all went to wracke Cabels burst ships brake The escrie was so great that no good aduice could be heard no difference betwéene maister mariner no skil nor rule preuailed all was alike and so they perished The ships were slitte the meÌ„ were drenched they that coulde swimme were broken at the rockes and when the floud of that sea came whiche is wont to be great the ships were with new rage tossed hither and thither beating one another and the wind continuing toward night made theÌ„ feare the losse to bée in the darkenesse and not in the light Greate lamentation was made and calling one to another for help but all in vayne They that were cast into the sea cryed for help of theÌ„ in the ships They that loked for help of theÌ„ on the land were crushed at the cliffes So present death was in euery place and so great darkenesse as neyther heauen nor earth coulde be séene and so euery one looked for death whiche was more gréeuous than death it selfe Suddainely the winde ceassed and the Sunne appeared the storme hauing bin so great as the meÌ„ of that countrey affirmed they had neuer séene the like the which destroyed the most part of Caesars ships and Souldyoures who being afflicted with these newe calamities went to Vibo by land with vnpatient minde He sente for the Captaines from euery place that no mutinies mighte bée made nor trayne layde for him He appoynted his army by land to kéepe y coast of Italie that Pompey being incouraged
a confederate of such might and estimation When Antonie hearde this he sayde If Pompey meaneth good faith I haue giuen commission to Titius to bryng him to me In the meake 〈…〉 Pompeâ—â— messengers that were sente to the Parthians were taken of Antonies officers and brought to Alexandria of whome when Antonie had learned all thyngs he sente for Pompeis Embassadours and shewed them to them Then they exellâ—â—d hym beyng a yong man and in extréeme necessrie fearyng to be reâ—â—â—â—ed of him and dryâ—â—en so proue the moste mortall enimies of the people of Rome â–ª but if he were sure of Antonies mynde hée should néede no furder suyte He beâ—éeued it as a playne man and nothyng suspitious Furnius beyng president of Asia receyued Pompey very gently not beyng hable to reâ—ect hym nor sure of Antonies minde But when hée sawe hym trayne his Soldiours hée gathered an aâ—my of the countrey and sente for 〈…〉 capitayne of the armie and for Amyntas a fréende who assemblyng â–ª quickly togither Pompey complayned that hée was vsed as an enimy When he had sent Embassadours to Antonie and loked for answere from him In the meane while he practised to take 〈…〉 by the helpe of Cuâ—â—â—ne hys fréende but the practise being discouered Curio was put to death and Pompey kylled hys laâ—e bondman Theodorus who was â—nely priute to that counsell And because he doubted of Furnius he tooke the citie of Lampsaco by composition where many Italians dyd inhabite appoynted by Iulius Caesâ—r whome hée allured to his pay with great promyses Now had hée two hundreth horse and thrée regions and besieged Cyzicus both by sea and lande from the whiche he was repulsed For there was a litle bande of Antonies and certen sworde players that were brought vp there And where Furnius absteyning from battayle old cuermore encampe nigh him and kept him froÌ„ soraging which he went aboute in the territorie of the Acheans Pompey set vpon the fore parte of hys campe and sente other aboute to do the like behinde Whereby Furnius resisting him hys campe was taken of the other and dryuen to flée by the fieldes of Scamandria where Pompey killed many of them for the fielde was moyst with the shoures They that escaped durst not turne againe to the fielde The people of Mysia Propontide other plaâ—es that were pore consumed with payment came to 〈…〉 seruice beyng renounâ—ed for hys late victorie But wantyng horsemen and beyng shrewdly handâ—ed in foragyng he heard of a bande of Italian horsemen goyng to Antonie whiche Octauia had sente from Athens and sente to corrupt them with golde The president of the countrey tooke them that brought the money and distcibuted it to the horse men Pompey at Nâ—cea and Nicâ—media gathered muche money with greate successe Furnius agayne comming into the fielde and encamping nigh him there came .lxx. shippes out of Sicelie in the spryng which were leste of them that Antonie had lent Caesar And Titius came out of Syria with a hundred and twentie shippes and a greate army all the which arriued at Proconnesco of the which Pompey being afrayde burned his shippes and armed his Mariners hauing more trust in the lande But Cassius of Parma Nasidius Saturninus Therinus Antistius other honorable friendes of Pompey Furnius moste déere vnto him Libâ— himself his father in lawe when they saw that Pompey was alwayes to weake they yéelded themselues to Antonie He being thus forsaken went into y midland of Bythinia entending to go into Armâ—nia Furnius Tituis folowed him he being secrete departed out of his tents and with great iourney they ouertooke him at night and seuerally encamped aboute an hill without ditche or trenche beyng late and they weary That night Pompey set vpon them with thrée thousande men as they were sléeping put them to flée naked shamefully but if hée had assayled them with his whole power or folowed them as brokeÌ„ he had gotten perfect victory But fortune would not suffer and he got nothing thereby but that he went on his iourney They recouering horses folowed him and kepte him from victuall so as beyng dryuen to speache hée desired to speake with Furnius that was some tyme â—â— fréende of hys Fathers and a man of greate dignitie And stâ—ndyng on the banke of the riuer hée sayde hée had sente Embassadours to Antonie and in the meane season wantyng victualles dyd that hée had done If you make warre vpon mée by 〈…〉 ies commaundeme he seeth not wel for himself not receyuing a greater warre to hang ouer hym But if you do it vpon your owne authoritie I pray you and beséeche you that you would ceasie till my Embassadours returne or carie me safely to him And to you O Furni I will committe my selfe so you will promise me to deliuer me safe to Antonie Thus much hée sayde hopyng in Antonie as a gentle man and séekyng to passe his iourney quietly To whom Furnius thus answeared If thou wouldest haue coÌ„mitted thy selfe to Antonie thou shouldest haue done it at the first or beyng quiet haue looked for answeare at Mâ—â—yiene but makyng warre thou haste brought thy selfe to this case if thou repentest thée blame not vs Antonie hath appoynted Titius to receyue thée to hym therefore committe thy selfe of whom thou mayst require that thou requirest of mée For he commaunded that if thou playest the parte of an enimie to kill thée if not to bryng thée honorably vnto him Pompey was offended with Tiâ—iâ— as vnthankfull bycause hée had made this warre agaynst hym whome he once tooke and saued hym Therefore Pompey was the more grieued to come into his handes that was but a méane man whose fidelitie he suspected eyther of his behauiour or of the former iniurie hée had done him before he did him pleasure Wherefore once agayne he yéelded to Furnius desired to be taken but it was not graunted Then he desired Amyntas â—ight take him which wheÌ„ Furnius sayde he should not do bycause it were a wrong to him that had commission from Antonie and so they brake Furnius Soldiours thought hée woulde haue yéelded the nexte day to Titius But he in the night makyng fires after the 〈…〉 and founding the trompe at euery reliefe of the watche with a few went out of the campe not tellyng them what he woulde doe for hée meante to haue gone to the sea and haue set Titius campe a fire whiche 〈…〉 he had 〈…〉 had not 〈…〉 gone from him and 〈…〉 his departure and whiche may he went Then Amyntas folowed him with 〈◊〉 hundred horsemen to whom whom he drewe nigh his people forsâ—â—ke hym some openly and some secretely When he sawe himself forsaken of all sides hée yéelded to Amyntas without condition refusing Tiâ—â—â—â— conditions Thus the yonger 〈◊〉 of great Pompey was taken â–ª losing his father when he was very yong and his
the destinies of menne So suffred Troy a noble citie So suffred the Assyrians the Medians and Persians whiche were the great Monarches of the worlde lastlye the moste glorious state of Macedonie so that eyther of purpose or by chaunce this worde fel from him The day shall come when mighty Troy muste fall And Priamus and his warlike nation all Polibius that was his Schoolemaister did aske him fréely what he ment by that speach and that he said not for bearing to name his own country plainely of the whiche he was afraide for the alteration of men Thus doth Polibius write of him that hearde him When Carthage was taken Scipio gaue the souldiors leaue for certaine daies to spoile it onelye excepting golde siluer and holy things Then he gaue giftes to al except to them that had spoiled Appollos Temple Then he sent a swift ship laden wyth spoiles to signifie the victorie at Rome He sent into Sicilie that al the sacred publique things that the Carthagies had taken from them in the war which they could chalenge know shoulde bée restored which got him gret loue of the people as one that with aucthoritie vsed humanitie diuiding the spoile that remained to be sold he sacrificed the vnprofitable ship-armes and engins to Mars and Minerua gyrded after the Romane manner They at Rome séeing the Shippes and learning the newes in the euening came into the stréetes and spente all that nighte in ioye and embracements as nowe made frée of feare nowe ruling other with safety not hauing their Citie firme and sure hauing such a victorie as they neuer had the like Many noble feates came to their remembraunce what their fathers hadde done in Macedonia in Iberia and against Antiochus the gret and in Italie it selfe but no war was so feareful vnto them as this at their owne dores for the manhoode pollicie and boldnesse of the enimie and the more dangerous for their vnfaythfulnesse They rehearsed what they had suffred of y Carthagies in Sicelie Iberia and Italie it selfe sixtéene yeares when Annibal toke .iij. hundred Cities and ouerthrewe in fighte onlye thrée hundred thousande men manye tymes approching to the Cittie and putting that in great feare for all the whiche they were like men beside themselues for the victorie that was beyonde their hope And again they asked one of another if Carthage were taken in déede They spente all the night in talke howe the armour was taken from them and how they beyond all hope made more Howe their shippes were taken from them and howe they made a newe nauy of olde matter howe the mouth of the porte was shutte and howe in fewe dayes they opened another and howe highe the walles were aboute the mouth and the greatnesse of the stones and the fire whiche manye tymes they brought against the Engines and sette out a plat of all the warre as thoughe they hadde then séene it done and expressed the fantasies of their mindes with the motions of their bodyes thinking they sawe Scipio wyth the scalyng ladders with the shippes at the gates at the fyghtes euer occupied Thus did the Remaynes spende the night When day was come sacrifices feasts were made to the Gods by the coÌ„panies playes with theÌ„ diuers shews The Senat sent tenne of the best of them into Libya to appoint that country with Scipio They commanded that Scipio shold destroy that was left in Carthage and forbadde any man to dwel there They accused al them that should dwel in Byrsa or in the place y was called Megara But to come thither they did not forbid So many cities as holpe the enimies they commaunded to destroy to giue to cities that were friends to y Romanes the land that was conquered and chiefly to Vtica that which was as far as Carthage and Hippo on bothe sides The other they made tributarie aswel lands as bodies men and womeÌ„ alike and determined to send euery yere a President to them from Rome WheÌ„ they had done this they sayled to Rome Scipio hauing doone all things accordingly finished the sacrifices and the plaies for the victory And things being ordered he sayled home and made as passing a triumphe as euer manne didde full of golde and monuments of holy things which the Carthaginians in so long time and so ofte victories had brought from all the worlde into Libya This hapned when they triumphed of Macedonia the third time Andrisco that counterfaâ—ted himselfe to be Philips sonne being ouercome the first of Grecia by Mummius And this was about y CLX Olympiade Afterwarde when Caius Gracchus was Tribune in Rome and Insurrection being made for want he thought good to seÌ„d 6000 to inhabite in Libya And wheÌ„ they had drawn the plat about Carthage the Wolues destroyed all the plat confounded it So the Senate refrained from séding that habitatioÌ„ But again in time when Caius Caesar who was made the second Dictator after his victorie had driuen Pompey into Egipt Pompeâ— friendes from Aegipt to Libya they saye when hée encamped at Carthage a mighty army appered to him in his sléepe wéeping which troubling him he called to remembrance and made a note that Carthage should be inhabited And not long after the poore souldiors requiring land of him at Rome he gaue order that some shoulde be sent to Carthage and some to Corinth but he béeing shortly after killed in the Senate house of his enimies hys son Caesar called Augustus finding thrée remembraÌ„ces of his father sent an inhabitation of that Carthage that nowe is as nigh the olde as might be to auoide the olde execration The Romanes sente thither 3000. to inhabite to place the rest in the country about Thus Libya that was vnder Carthage was conquered of the Romanes and Carthage desâ—royed and inhabited againe after the destruction two hundred and two yeares The ende of the Romane vvarres vvith the Carthaginians ¶ Appianus Alexandrinus of the Romane warres with the Parthians AFter them that folowed PoÌ„pey to rule Syria being ouercome Gabinius an officer of the Romanes was sent to gouerne the same He marching againste the Arabians Mithridates King of Parthia â—eing driuen oute of his kingdome by â—rodes his brother tourned hym from the Arabians to the Parthians But Ptolomeus the eleauenth King of Aegipt perswaded him by mony to leaue the Parthians and make warre vppon Alexandrîa And he ouercomming them of Alexandrîa restored Prolomeus to his kingdome but being banished of the Romanes bicause he made warre againste the Aegiptians which they accompted vniuste bycause it was forbidden by Sybyllas bookes he fledde After Gabinius I thinke Crassus gouerned Syria and making warre vpon the Parthians was ouerthrowen with great calamitie after whome Bibulus being president the Parthians inuated Syria And in the time of Saxa ruling after Bibulus they ranne as farre as Ionia the Romanes being at debate among
and it vvas called Perugia Augusto vvith this in scription Augusto Sacro Perugia restitutâ— â—â—â—cius arâ—y scattered Cameria in Latiâ— Fuluia â—eeth Putzolâ— in Campania Plancus the covvard Caesar taketh Antonyes bands in Lomberdy Antony deteyneth the messengers Antony findeth his vvife Pompey sendeth Iulia Antonyes mother to him honourably Pompeys friends assayed Antony Antonyes aunsvvere Caesar discrediteth Antony at Rome Glorie of Antony great Mariage for Caesar to serue his turne Caesar to Luciuâ— Lucius to Caesar Constancie of Lucius Caesar to â—ucius Lucius is honored of Caesar vvith regard Sicyone not farre from Corinth AEnobarbus goeth to Antony Plancus afrayde Antony to Plancus Poloenta Antony and Aenobarbus to bruduse Antony is kepte out of Brunduse Antony besieged â—runduse brunduse vvas builded of the Aâ—toâ—â—ms and aâ—ter inhabited of Crâ—tenses and at laste made an inhabitaunce of Rome â—t hath the name of the forme of an Hartes head vvith the horres vvhich the Mâ—sapians call Brudusium for that shape hath the porte vvhich is one of the beste of the vvorld Antony vseth â—onâ—pâ—â—s helpe Pompey sendeth a nauy vvith Menodorus and besiegeth Cossensa Thuris The space from Tiber to Beneuento vvas called Anâ—onia by the vvhich name also Italie vvas called Caesar troubled Consentia is yet a Citie buylded vpoÌ„ seueÌ„ hilles and thereof gyueth seuen hilles for their armes Souldiours practise peace Canâ—sio novve Canossa in Apâ—tlia Antonies policy Agrippa recouereth the besieged places Thâ—rio vvas a citie builded by Nieiâ—â— comming from Athens not farre from the vvhich Mama is gathered Antonies vali â–ª antnesse 〈◊〉 in Ca 〈…〉 Obiections â— Soldiours on both partes Antonies vvyfe dead Cocceius talke 〈◊〉 Antonie Caesar to Cocceius Caesars vvordes of Pompey Caesar is 〈◊〉 by the talke of Cocceâ—â—â— Antony in doubt vvhat to doe Antony consenteth to peace Meâ—engers of 〈…〉 on A maryage pra 〈…〉 for â—◠〈…〉 〈◊〉 Menedorus dryueth Helenus out of Sardinia Manius is put to death by Antony Saluidienus accused Saluidienus killed of Caesar Famine in Rome Caesar vvyll not agree to peace vvith Pompey A payment put vâ— on the people The people resistâ—â—â— decree of Caesar and Antony The people resist Caesar VVho buyeth firendship to decre shal smart as Aâ—â—â—â—â— did Caesar eâ—â—â—â—eth â—y Antonies meanes Dead bodies cast into the ryuer and after â—poyâ—ed Antonies couÌ„sel The aâ—iance of the mariage betvveene Caesar and â—â—â— siser 〈…〉 sa vvas named Aenaria of Aâ—â—eâ—s and novv Ischâ—â— of strength it vvas the inhabitance of the marquesse of â—â—â—â—â—a Baia vvas a Citie not farre â—â— Naples vvhere the old Romanes had great delight Menodorus counsel Murcus â—s put from Pompey Siracuse novv Saragâ—sa a goodly citie of Sicelie Murcus and Bythinius killed oâ— Pompey Novv Ischiae Dicearchia novv Puzzole Puteoli an old ruined citie nearer Naples than Baia beyng three myles asunder by lande to the vvhâ—ch Caligâ—â—a made a bridge by the sea meeting of Caesar Antony and Pompey Pompey in a â—age The conditions of peace betvveene Antony Caesar Pompey Pompey banqueteth Câ—sâ— and Antony â–ª and they him Menedorus councell Ansvvere of Pompey Consuls appoynted Reioyce for peace Banished men returne Antonyes actes allovved by the Senate Antony maketh Kings Idumei people betvveene Iudea and Arabia Samtria a regioÌ„ of Palâ—staâ— besides 〈…〉 e Pa 〈…〉 a. 〈…〉 D 〈…〉 〈◊〉 novv Gâ—nera or Al 〈…〉 Antonyes behauiour aâ— Athens Change of Antony Caesar breaketh vvith Pompey The pretence of the breach Quareis 〈…〉 Pompey Caesar calleth Antony from Athens Antony coÌ„meth to â—rundulio A suspition betvveene Caesar and Antony A token in Antonyes Campe. Antony to Caesar Menodorus is claymed of Antony Menodorus reuoketh to Caesar and 〈…〉 Tarentum is a Citie in Apulia vvhich hath a goodly porte tvvelue miles compasse An euill token to Caesar Caesar affirmeth the peace brokeÌ„ by Pompey Caesar into Sicelie Menecrates vvith a greate company keeping the sea Cuma vvas a goodly auntient Citie not farre from Paie novve nothing is left but maruellous ruâ—nes Menecrates fighteth vvith Caesars Captaynes The fight betvveene Menedorus and Menecrates Fight by Sea. Menedorus hurt Menecrates drovvned Demochares Caluisius shippes distressed Caesars and Pompeys shevve at Messina Caesar refuseth the fight Nevv Admirals of Pompeys Nauie Seylla is one of the notable cockes of the narrovâ— Sea of Sicelie so named as they say of Seylla the daughter of Phereuâ— Charybdiâ— novve Gâ—lof â—roâ—s another rocke ouer against named also as they vvrite of a greedy vvoman of that name Stylidae Scylla in the coast of Sicelie vnder the hell Segpâ— in the continent of Italy Caesar refuseth the fight by Sea. Caesars Nauie hurt Caesar leapeth a shâ—re Corn ficius VVant in â—asarâ— host A good lucke â—o Casar Caesar in distresse Tempest vpon Caesars shippes The trouble in Caesars Nauie The looking for deathe grecuous A vehement storme Caesar agayne afflicted Vibo The great negligence of Pompey Caesars vvant Caesars continuance in vvaâ—â—e Aquitanâ—â— â—s that they call â—ingâ—us Antony commeth into Italy Caesar contemneth Antony Antony desirous of Italian Souldyoures Octauia to hir brother Obiecting and ansvvering of quarrrels Metapontus vvas a faâ—â—e 〈◊〉 novv vtterly destroyed Caesar and Antony meete Exchaunge of fortresse Continuaunce of three mens authoritie Menedorus fleeth from Caesar Caluisius displaced and Agrippa placed Purgyng of the nauie The maner of inuading Sicelie Quintâ—lis 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is one of the three elâ—ovves called 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 looking tovvarde◠〈◊〉 and a Cittye of that name The Iles of Iâ—-pare othervvise Loâ—e be seuen Caesar sacrificed to the Sea. Lepidus Taurus Appius The point of Minerua The porte of Velino The losse of Caesars Shippes Maecenas goeth to Rome Caesar goeth to cheere to souldiours of Italie Pompey loseth occasion He is puffed vp vainely Salatia is the sea here put for the Goddesse of the sea Menodorus inaketh a nevve stirre on Caesars nauy Menodorus illudeth hys enimies Menodorus deliuereth Rebilus â— Senator He maketh his deuise by Vinidius Messala Menedorus reuolâ—eth once agayne Tauromino a lovve of Sicile Tauromâ—io vvas builded of the Casidians and after a Colonie of Rome hauyng the name of the bull of Minos vvhich they beare in their armes Stylida Scylâ—ucâ—â—o is novve called Capo di Squillaccia daungerous place Vâ—bâ—no or Hipponaoâ—a citie vvith a gulfe novv called S. Euâ—â—nâ—a in Calabris Papias Lepidus shippes distroyed Tisâ—â—nus Strongile novve Shoâ—â—â—alâ— not far froÌ„ Sicelie Pelorus a poynt of Sicelie ouer agaynst Scylla Myâ—e novv Myâ—â—zzo Tyâ—â—aride is not far from Myle Hiera novv Iuda an I le betvvene Sicelie Iâ—paris Pompeis nauy Agrippa goeth to the fight The fighte by sea The difference of the Shippes The difference of the men Agrippa driueth Papia from his Shippe Papia fighteth agayne Pompeis Shippe â— retire Pompey hath the loâ—se by sea Pompey prayseth â—â—â— Souldiours Leucopatra an hill in the sea nighe Reggio novv Capo de larme or Spartamentâ— di Calabria Caesar came forth agayne Onobala Archegeta Naxians of Naxo an I le in Aegico novv Niesia Caesar falleth Caesar in feare
which request many â—nuied specially Lucullus who made warre agaynst Methridates before and broughte him so weake that it was an easie matter to ouercome him so as indede the seate against Methridates was properly hys and Crassus tooke parte wyth Lucullus Whereat Pompey being grieued he ioyned with Caesar and promised by oth to make hym Consull and Caesar reconciled Crassus to Pompey And these three hauing greatest power of al did serue one anothers turne insomuche as one Vaâ—ro a writer in one of hys bookes did cal this agreement a triple salling headlong The Senate hauing them in suspition did choose Lucius Bibuâ—â—â—â—â— the other Consul to withstande Caesar and they straighte fell to conteâ—â—â—â—â— and made priuate preparation of armour one againste another Caesar was a deepe dissembler in the Senate house vsed speaches of reconcilâ—ation wâ—th 〈…〉 that by their dissention the coÌ„ non â—â— aâ—th â—ught take no â—â—athe Hee giuing creotie to this preteâ—ce being vnâ—â—â—â—sed and vnprepared and ignorant of Caeâ—â—â—â— meaning sonne that hee hadde made greate promsion in sâ—crâ—â—te and deâ—â—iâ—d lawes for the poore agaynste the Senate dâ—â—â—dâ—â—ng landes vnto them the beste that was aboute 〈…〉 he appointed as of the common treasure to be bestowed vppon them that had bin fathers of three children and by thys meane he â—â—â— the harts of the multitude For twenty thousande were a compted only to take the benefite of three children Many of the Senate were againste this purpose Wherfore 〈…〉 with a famed anger that they would not admitte so â—â—ste a thing â—â—n ouâ—e and would not call the Senate togâ—â—her al the yeare after But in the common place hee woulde speake to the people â—â—â— enquired of Pâ—mpâ—y and Crasâ—â—â— how they liked of the laâ—â—â—◠〈…〉 their câ—â—seate he willed the people to come to the â—â—â—â—obation of them with their weapons hid The Senate bycause it was not lawfull to assemble vnlesse truth Consuls were present went to 〈…〉 house bycause they had not foresome to make resistaÌ„ce to Câ—sâ—â— exhorted 〈…〉 to â—â—â—hst â—â—de the lawes that it might not sâ—me hee was ouerâ—ruâ—â—â— by negligence but of necessitie 〈…〉 was persuaded and 〈…〉 the Common place wâ—iles Câ—sâ—r was yet speaking to the people Then was there much sâ—â—ise and disorder and some hurte for they wyth hâ—â—â— weapons brake the roddes and â—â—â—â—es of 〈…〉 and wounded the Tribunes that were about hâ—â—m 〈…〉 not abashed offred his throat and wyth a loude voice called Caesâ—rs rowâ—e to y déede saying If I cannot perâ—uade Caesar to Justice by my death I throwe vppon hym all thys blame and mischiefe Notwythstandyng hys friendes thoughe againste hys will conueyed hym into the nexte Temple of Iuâ—â—â—er possessour Cato was sente for and lyke a young man thruste in among them and beganne to speake but being ouerpreste with 〈…〉 s men he was putte out againe yet priâ—â—ly comming in another way he ranne vppe to the place of speache and determining to speake nothing else he sharpely cried out againste Câ—sar 〈…〉 was pulled downe Then Caesar pronounced the lawes and caused the people so sweate vnto them as euer to continue in effect â–ª He coÌ„â—â—â—nded the Senat to sweare also Whereof â—â—nye and Caâ—â— not agreeing Caesar threatned death vnlesse they sware and the people confirmed it so that for feare they sware and so did the Tribunes also bycause it auatled no more to resist the lawe being pronâ—â—ced by other Vetius a manne of the common sorte came running among them with a naked sworde saying he was sent of Bibâ—lus â—â—â—â—o Cato to kill Caesar and Pompey and that the sworde was delyuered hym of 〈…〉 one of Bibâ—lus Sargeants And although euerye man suspected this deuise yet Caesar stirred the people and appointed the nexte daye to examine Vetiuâ— He was coÌ„â—â—â—ted to prison and was deade that nighte Thys chaunce also being diuersly construed Caesar didde not omitte to worke it for hys purpose affirmâ—ng that they that were afraide had done it Where upon the people did graunte reuenge to be had of his enâ—mies Then Bibâ—lus lettyng all goe oute of hys handes as a priuate manne came not oure of his house all the reste of the yeare of hys office Nowe Caesar made no more inquisition of Vetius but hauing all the power of the common wealth alone made more lawes to allure the people and to confyrme all that Pompey hadde doone accordyng to his promyse There were that had the name of Gentlemen in the citie and were in the midde place betweene the Senate and the people These men might do much both for their own substance for y gathering of tributes tolâ—cs which the people did pay wherof a number attended vppon them moste assuâ—edly They made suit â—â— the Senate to be discharged of parte of the rent The Senate made some sticking at it but Caesar not regarding that only vsing the people did reâ—â—tte the thirde parte of the rent vnto them They hauing beyond their expectation obtayned suche beneâ—â—â—â— by hys goodnesse did extoll hym like a God and so Caesar by 〈…〉 e had another companie stronger vnto hym than the people was Then Caesar made shewes and huntings vnto them sâ—â—ding vpon â—uâ—râ— thing more than he was able exceeding all y had bin before tyme in sâ—â—ptuous preparation bountifull rewardes Wherfore they made him ruler of France bothe on thys â—â—â—â— and beyonde the Alpes for fyue yeares and for his office he had some legions appointed He considering that his absence should be long and that enuy would be greater than the greatest fauour beâ—lowed his daughter in mariage vpon Pompey although Scipio were yet aliue fearing that Popey though he were his friend might â—â—â—â— the greatnesse of his feliciâ—â—e he made the moste seditious men officers for the next yere Aulus Gabiâ—â—â— he declared Consull who was his chiefe sâ—â—end and marryed Calphuâ—â—â—â— daughter to Lâ—â—â—us Piss that should be Consull with him â—â—â—â— â—â—â—ing oute that rule was rated by makyng of wanton mariages Tribunes he appointed Vaâ—â—â—tuâ— and Clâ—â—â—â—â— called the Faire who was sâ—â—â—lâ— dissâ—med for a suspition wyth Iulâ—a Caâ—â—â— wise in the sacrifice that belonged â—nelye to women For the whiche althoughe Câ—â—â—r didde putte awaye hys wise yet he made nothing adâ—e with hym bycause he was accepted to the people yet other did accuse hym for disparaging the holye sacrifice and â—â—câ—râ— did speake against hym Caesar was called to gyue witnesse but he said nothing and rather made hym Tribune of the people to â—ntrap Câ—â—â—erâ— who spake againste the alliaunce of the three men as a thing tending to tyraâ—ny Thus did griefe giue place to gaine and one 〈…〉 benefited that another mighte bée hindred and it shoulde séeme that Clodius had gratifyed Caesar before in the getting of hys office in Fraunce These thinges didde Caesar beyng Consull and when hee hadde gyuen ouer one office hee strayghte coueted another Clodius accused
in countenance shewing their eâ—â—â—â—tie A seruaunte of Milos ranne to Clodie whither beyng commaunded or to dispatch his maysters enimye and stroke hym with his sworde on the hinder part of the heade Clodie beyng wounded and full of bloude hys horse-kéeper caried hym to the nexte Inne Milo stayed with his seruants and comming vnto hym betwéene breathing and dying dispatched hym pretending that neyther he desired nor deuised thys murder but being sure he shoulde alwayes bee in daunger hee purposed not to leaue the thing vnperfect This chaunce being tolde at Rome the people were displeased and watched all night in the common place Some broughte Clodies body the nexte day and laide it in the Palaice the which certayne Tribunes friendes to Clodie accompanied wyth the multitude tooke away and bare it to the Senate eyther for honor bycause hee was of that order or for reproch to them for suffering such vnlawful factes The rather sort of this route brake down y seates chaires of the Senate house and made a fire with the whiche the Senate house and many other nighe did burne at Clodies funerall Milo was so lustie that he was not so muche afraide for the feate done as hee was angry that suche honor of buriall shoulde be shewed to Clody He gathered a number of seruants cuntrymen he sent mony to the people corrupted Marcus Cecilius one of the Tribunes and with a bold courage came to Rome Cecilius straight receiued him at his coÌ„ming brought him to the coÌ„mon place among theÌ„ that had taken mony as to an assembly He pretended to be sory that any delay should be had in iudgement trusting that if he myght by these that were present be acquitte he should auoid the sharper sentence He shewed he did not minde the matter for he would not haue brought his wife and famylie to such a feate he spent the rest of the râ—â—e against Clodie as an impudent man whose friendes as impudent as he had burnt the Senate house for his sake Whyles he was thus talking y other Tribunes and the multitude slenderly armed rushed into the common place Cecilius and Milo in seruantes clothing fled away much murder was committed vpon the other not asking who were Milos friendes but without respect killed both Citizen and straunger and chiefly them that differed from the rest eyther in gay garments or golde Kings for in such a disordered state tumulte growing by rage of this pretence the moste parte beyng seruauntes and armed against the other not armed they fel to spoyle they left nothing vndone they entred houses they ranne about to sée in déede what they might easily catch and in word to séeke out Milos friendes and Milo was their pretence many dayes to doe all mischiefe with fire and force The Senate for feare assembled and were bent vpon Pompei whom some would haue had Dictator by and by bycause the present time apeared to haue néed of that remedy but by Catos perswasion they chose him Consull without a felowe that he should haue the authoritye of Dictator by ruling alone and yet be answerable bicause he was but Consul He was y first Consul that had two great prouinces with armye and money and the Monarchie of the Citie being Consull alone Cato was appointed by decrée to go into Ciprus that he shoulde not trouble Pompey at home and to put Ptoâ—â—lomie out of his kingdome by a former lawe made by Clodie who being once taken with Pyrates Ptoâ—â—lomie for nigardise sent him two talents for his ransome Ptoâ—â—lomie when he heard of thys decrée threw his money into the sea and kylled hymself Cato set the Country in order Pompey did giue punishments for many offences and specially for bribery corruption for he thought y all common infection of the Citie rose of thys and therefore had néede of present medicine He also decréed that any man that would might cal men to account from his first Consulship to this time and that was about twentie yeares in the which Caesar was Consul Caesars friendes suspecting this to be done in despite or caluiâ—â—tion of him that so long a time was comprehended exhorteâ— him to deale with present matters rather than to looke backward and trouble men that were honorable And among other naming Casar he was offended as one voide of all suspâ—tion and so appoynted the time from his seconde Consulship he saide it was very necessarie so to begin to make a perfite redresse of the common almost wasted with euill men which when he had saide he pronounced the lawe whereof folowed by and by a number of sundry actions and that the iudges shoulde not be afrayde he with an army ouersawe their doyngs Firste being absente Milo was condemned for Clodiâ—â— death and Gabinius of disobedience and mischiefe for going into Egipt with an army without decrée the bookes of Sybill forbiddyng it Memmius Hipseus Sextuis many other were condeÌ„ned eyther of bribery or corrupting the people Scaurus was called by Pompey to make answere notwithstanding y the people did intreate for him And when the second time the people did resist his accusers a violence was made by Pompeis souldiours wherby the people ceassed Scaurus was also banished al their eriles recorded Gabinius was confiscate after his banishment The Senate giuing open prayse to Pompey appoynted two legions more vnto him continuaÌ„ce in his prouinces Memmius being condemned of briberie and Pompeius lawe giuing release to them that accused an other he called L. Scipio father in lawe to Pompey into the like iudgement of corruption Wherefore Pompey putting on the garment of the condemned sort many of the iudges did the like but Memmius in contempt of the state gaue ouer y accusation Then Pompey hauing as it were made that direction that belonged to his Monarchiâ— toke Scipio for his selowe the rest of the yeare and after hym though others were receiued into office neuerthelesse he ouerloked ruled all and then was all in all in Rome For the good wil of the Senate was much enclined to him in despite of Caesar who in his Consulship séeking his priuate pleasure séemed to make none accompt of theÌ„ and for that Pompey had quickly recouered the sicke coÌ„mon wealth without molesting or hâ—â—dring any man furder than his office But the banished men fledde still to Caesar and bad him beware of Pompey and that his law of corruption was most made against him Caesar did comforte them and yet sayde well of Pompey He only laboured â—â—o Tribunes to make a lawe that it might be lawfull for Caesar to aske the seconde Consulship in hys absence the which Pompey beyng yet in office and not resistyng was graunted yet vnderstandyng that the Senate did worke against him fearyng that his enemies would make him a pryuate man he deuised to kéepe his strength still till he should be
grewe by victories in the warre and for the greate liberalitie of Caesar himselfe for hée gaue them fréely to serue as he would haue them which they all knowing did likewise abide it Pompey giuing credite to these tales neyther gathered armye nor prouided for so greate a businesse The Senate did requyre euery mans opinion Claudius crastely propounded and dyd aske disioyntly whether they woulde sende successors to Caesar and whether they would Pompeys power shoulde be taken from him To this many made denyall but to Caesar they decréed successors Curio asking agayne if they would haue both leaue their powers xâ—iâ— denyed it but CCClxx leauyng contention for commoditie enclined to Curios sentence then did Claudius dismisse the counsell crying VVinne you that will haue Caesar your Lord. A rumor being raysed that Caesar suddaynely was past the Alâ—â—â— and commyng to the Citie there was greate seare and tâ—mâ—â—te of all sydes Claudius commaunded the armye at Copuâ— to he seâ—te againste Caesar as an enimy and when as Curio reproued it as a lye Claudius sayde If I may not followe that is sâ—â—ce by common decrée of my selfe as Consull I will doo it And when he had sayde thus he ranne out of the Senate house â—â—to the suburbes with his fellow and offered a Sworde to Pompey Euen I quoth he and this man commaunded thée to goe against Caesar for thy Countrey and we giue thée eyther the army that is nowe at Capua or any other that is in Italie and that thou mayest gather togither what thou wilâ—â— He obeyed as commaunded of the Consuls onely adding vnlesse somewhat mâ—â—e be better dissembling or euen then pretending a shewe of hoâ—â—nie Curio now had no more authoritie ouer the Citie for it was not lawfull for the Tribunes to goe out of the walles yet hée complayned to the people of these doings and required the Consuls to proclayme that no man should obey Pompey in gathering of men but not preuayling and the time of his Tribune shyppe drawing to an ende being afrayde of himselfe and doubting to be no more able to help Caesar with diligence went vnto him who had nowe sayled the Oceane Sea from Britiayne and passed from the French that be néere the floud Rhene to the Mountaines of the Alpes with fiue thousande footemen and three hundred HorsemeÌ„ He came down to Rauenna which was coÌ„fine to Italy and the end of his prouince receiuing Curio with great curtesie and thanking him for his trauayles he consulted with him of the present state Curio thought good to sende for all his army and to march to Rome Caesar thought it better yet to treate of reconciliation and willed his friends to compound for him that giuing ouer all other prouinces and armies he might onely reteyne two legions and Illâ—ria with France within the Alpes till he were declared Consull Pompey thought it sufficient but bycause the CoÌ„suls did resist it he wrote to the Senate and Curio running in thrée dayes thrée thousande and three hundred furlongs he gaue the letter to the newe Consuls entryng the Senate house the fyrste daye of the newe yeare It dyd conteyne a solemne rehearsall of all Caesars doyngs from the begynnyng and a protestation to leaue hys armye if Pompey dyd the lyke and béeyng yet in authoritie if Pompey woulde not gyue vppe no more woulde he but forthwith come to reuenge hys Countrey and wyth spéede to seeke for hymselfe at the whyche euerâ—e man cryed out and that Lucius Domitius shoulde bée hys successour as in a warre proclaymed Domitius went on with foure M. lately gathered Antonius and Cassius being Tribunes after Curio and liking well of his determination the Senate the more earnestly did affirme the army of Pompey to be theyr safetie and Caesars their destruction And Marcellus and Lentulus the Consuls commaunded Antony and Cassius to go from the assemblie least by vsing the office of Tribunes they mighte happily haue some displeasure Then Antonie cryed aloude and ranne froÌ„ his seate in a rage and lameÌ„ted that they should deface the office sacred and a Sanctuary and reiect them with a despighte that had gyuen their counsell for the common weale not hauing committed any offence or crime against any man This being sayde he lept out as a man by inspiration forespeaking warres murders attendures banishments spoyles and all other mischiefe to come vppon them protesting greate execrations to them that were the cause of it Curio and Cassius went out with him for now parte of Pompeys army was séene to come and besette the Senate house They by and by secretely in y night putting on seruants apparell went to Caesar in an hired wagon Caesar shewed them as soone as they were come vnto the army in that apparell and to stirre them the more said these men for doing well are made enimies and being persons of suche degrée speaking somewhat for them were thus villanously banished Nowe was the warre open on both sides and proclaymed euidently The Senate thinking that Caesar would not suddainely come with his army froÌ„ the FreÌ„â—h and that he woulde not enterprise so great a feate with so fewe appointed to Pompey to gather a great number of Thessalians old practised Souldiers in the warre and to take vp new of the nigh nations that were fitte to serue All the common treasure they decréed to him for this warre offering also their priuate substance if néede were to be ready for this seruice and they sent to the Cities for moe with great hast and vehemencie leauing nothing vndone that might be with spéedy consideration Caesar sending for his owne army putting more confidence in amazing his enimies with suddaine approche and terror of boldnesse than in mighty preparation With fiue thousande began he this greate warre which he sent to take the coÌ„modious places of Italy And certayne of his Captaynes accompanyed with the boldest sorte in peaceable manner he willed to goe to Arimeno and of the suddaine to surprise the Citie whiche is the firste of Italy out of France He in the euening as though he had not bin well wente from the Table leauing his friendes sitting still and takyng a Coach he ranne to Arimeno his Horsemen following a certaine distaÌ„ce off And posting thus as farre as the floud Rubicon which deuideth Italie he stayed his course and behelde the Riuer He déepely waying in his mind all the mischiefe that might followe if he passed the water in armes turned to his friends and sayde The refrayning from this passage shall be the beginnyng of troubles to my selfe but the going on with it shall vexe all the world When he had thus said as a man rapte with a furie hée flong ouer speaking the common word The Die is cast Then he hasted to Arimeno and tooke it earely in the morning and so weÌ„t forward leauing garrison in conuenient places and the other by the way he wanne eyther by
Barbarians be with vs al kings y be friends to â— Romains to me haue sente armies weapons vittails al other necessaries Therfore go to it chéerefully as to a thing worthy your countrey your selues me being mindâ—ul of Gâ—sar dispitefulnesse with spéede fulfil that shal be appointed you This he said Al the army and as many Senators Gentlemen as were there which was a greate and a goodly câ—â—anâ— with one voice did praise hym praied hym to leade them as he thought good Then he set some ships to kéepe the sea and sente his army to winter at Macedonia thinking Caesar woulde deser sayling ouer till after winter the tyme being harde and the seas rough and haue remayned at Rome bycause he was Consull and settle hys rule there so far amisse did he coniecture of that that was to come For Caesar as I sayd before in the midst of winter did go to Brunduse supposing he should most amaze his enimies by commyng on the sodayn Therfore neither hauing victuall nor prouision nor all his army there he called theÌ„ that were present to an assembly and thus said vnto them Neither the hardenesse of the tyme O friends that ioyne wyth mée in this moste noble enterprise neyther the delay of others nor the want of conuenient preparation doe wythdraw me from my purpose for surely I thinke that expedition is the best way for me and we that be firste here to go first on with the matter As for seruants carriage and baggage I thinke it beste to leaue behynde vs that the shippes that bee nowe here may receiue vs only as passengers and we deceiue oure ennimies and sette good fortune againste euil tyme bold courage agaynste our smal number and our ennimies plenty against our penury all the which shall be in oure power if wée thinke nothing to be our own but that we shall winne by force Let vs go therfore againste their slaues their prouision and victualles whiles they be in houses for feare of winter weather Lette vs goe whiles Pompey trusts that I spende the winter in shewes and sacrifices of a Consull You knowe that I take the chiefeste point in wâ—rres to be attempts of the sodayne It is honourable to preuent the first opinion â—f thyngs to come and to foresee â—â—re receyt there for theÌ„ y folow vs next I haue thoughte thys time méeter to hast than to stay that Pompey who thinks I am yet at Rome aboute my Consulship may sée me at hys camâ—â— and thoughe that I am wel assured of youre good willes yet ê tarry for your answere All the army cryed with great vehemencie that hee should â–ª leade them forth Then he came from hys seate and had them to the sea being fiue legions of footemen and sixe hundred horse men chosen lying at anker bycause of the roughe seas The winter Sunne was at the lowest â–ª and the winde kepte hym backe agaynste hys will and euill content who tarryed â—â— Brunduse till the first day of the newe yeare Then came there â—â— hym two legions more whome he conueyed ouer that winter â—â— hulkes for he hadde but fewe Gallies and they were lefte for the custody of Sicelie and Sardinia He was by tempest driuen to y mount Cerâ—uno from whence he sent hys nauy backe to feâ—â—â— the reste of hys army He in the night went to the Citie of Oriâ—â— and for the hard straighte and rocky way was compelled to diuide his army into many partes as the sharpenesse of the countrey myghte serue so as if hys commyng had béene knowne hee might easily haue bin kept backe Aboute the breake of the day â–ª with muche adâ— he gathered his army togither The people of the Citie saide vnto the Gouernor that it was not lawfull to kéepe oute the Romaine Consull when he came therfore the Gouernour delyuered the keyes to Caesar and continued wyth hym in place of honor Lucretius and Minuâ—ius on the other side of Orico wyth eightéen Galâ—â—is to guarde the victuall that came by shippe to Pompey drowned their ships that Caesar shoulde not take them and fled to Durazzo From Orier Caesar went to Appolonia where he was receyued of the Citizens and Stamerius the Gouernour left the Citie There Caesar calling hys souldiors togyther putte them in â—â— membraunce what they had done by good fortune in the harde winter they were Lords of the sea without shippes they hadde wonne Orico and Valona without fight they had gotten their enimies things Pompey being yet ignorant Nowe sayeth he if wée can catch Durazzo whiche is the Baron of Pompeys prouision alâ— is in our handes that they haue bin labouring for an whole Sommer When he had sayd thus he ledde them wyth speede to Durazzo a long way resting neyther day neâ— nygâ—te â–ª Pompey hearyng this came with great hast from Macedonia cutting downe the trees as he went to stoppe the way to Caesar Hee pulled downe bridges and burnt all prouision by the way thynking it as it was in deede to be a good deuice for to haue onely that preparation that mighte serue himselfe If any dust fyre or smoke were seene to eyther of them a farre off thinking it had bin of the contrary part they stroue who shoulde runne fastest sparing no time neyther from meate nor sleepe Hast there was and spéede with crying out vpon them that ledde theÌ„ with torchelightes whereof grew disorder and feare as the enâ—mies had bâ—n at their héeles some for wéerinesse threw downe their burthens or withdrew themselues aside into some corners thinking it better to be lefte behinde with present rest than to goe on to it withoute feare of the enimie Both sides taking these paynes Pompey came firste to Durazzo and encamped at the walles By his Nauie he gote Orico agayne and gaue better guard for the Sea. Caesar lay ouer against Pompey the floud Alore slowing betwéene them There were diuers skirmishes by them that passed the floud â–ª but they neuer broughte forthe their whole power for Pompey did trayne his yong Souldyers and Caesar looked for the rest from Brunduse He thoughte that if they came forthe in the Spring in greate Shippes they could not escape the Galleys of Pompey that scowred the Seas and wayted for them but if they did come forthe in Winter when the enimie must many tymes take the Ilands for their harborough they might escape them or by the winde or their waighte mighte passe through them where vpon he sente for them with great hast and bycause they came not when he looked he purposed himselfe to goe to them for that they woulde not so soone come with an other and kepte his determination secrete He sente thrée of his seruants to the floud â–ª twelue furlongs off to hire a swifte vessell of good proofe as for one that should be dispatched from Caesar He rose from the table as not well at câ—st and â—ad his friends sitte
them that fledde and he somewhat slow of himselfe or peraduenture distrustyng that some traynes hadde bin layde in the Campe for him or bycause he condemned to do it as though the warre were nowe ended He set vpon them that were yet abroade whereof he kylled many and that daye in two sightes he tooke eyght and twenty Banners leaning the other occasion that mighte haue made an ende of aâ—â— which Caesar could not denye but that that day had ended the warre â—â— his enimies could haue vsed the victory Pompey 〈◊〉 of this victory sente letters of it to Kings and Cities 〈…〉 ughte that Caesars Souldioures would haue reuolted vnto â—â—â— â—â—â—â—essed with famine and ouerthrowe in fighte and 〈…〉 Captayne 's for feare of their offence but they God 〈…〉 entanâ—e in them lamented their faulte and wh 〈…〉 d them gently and gaue them pardon they were 〈…〉 with themselues and with a mutation beyond 〈…〉 after their Countrey manner to take 〈…〉 and to kill euery tenth man But when Caesar w 〈…〉 hat they were the more gréeued and con 〈…〉 insured by them and cryed that the 〈…〉 be punished as though they shoulde not haue 〈◊〉 if the it â—â—ders had not turned Caesar would not grant to this 〈…〉 but punished a fewe for a fashion whereby so great a 〈…〉 ge through this moderation entred into them as they deâ—â—red him he woulde forthwith set vpon his enimies and very earnestly they exhorted and encouraged him to it promising to amend their fault with a notable victory and they resorted togyther in heapes and sware in Caesars syghte neuer to returne from the fielde vnlesse they gette the fyghte His friendes wyshed hym to vse thys repentance and promptnesse of the armye but hée sayde vnto the multitude that he woulde at a better oportunitie leade them againste their enimies and badde them then remember thys forwardnesse But to hys friends he sayde that before he dyd that he must take out of theyr heartes the feare that was in them for the late losse and to tarrie tyll the fiercenesse of the enimie were abated then dyd he confesse that he had erred in placing his Campe at Dirrachio where all Pompeys preparation was and that it behoued hym to séeke other places and draw Pompey where he myghte haue the lyke wante which when he had sayd he wente straighte to Veâ—ona and from thence to Thâ—ssâ—â—y secretely by night Gâ—mâ—â—â—â—e a little â—â—â—e that woulde not receyue him he tooke in his rage and gâ—ue it to his souldyers to spoyle The Souldyers that had bin long â—â—â—â— filled themselues of all things excessiuely and were â—râ—â—â—â—e â—â—â— of measure especiallyth Germanes were â—â—â—ted atfor their drâ—â—â—â—â—nesse And now againe it was thought that Pompey â—â—gâ—â—e haue come on and done some notable feaâ—e but he by negligence â—iterly omâ—â—teâ— to stirre till Caesar had marched seaue â—â—ayâ—s â—â—d camped at Pharsalia In Gomphie they say was seene a notable chance dead bodyes of noble old men did â—e openly in a â—hrsâ—tâ—ans shoppe with cuppes in their hands without woundâ—â— â–ª â—â— â–ª he number of twenty as though they hadde bin muâ—â—ed to â—â—â—â—â— king lying all vpon the ground and one â—â—â—â—g in a chayre as a Phisition that gaue them the poâ—â—on of execration Pompey made a counsell concerning Caesar â–ª â—â—â—â—â—ing Aâ—â—â—nius was in opinion that the Naâ—y which was great should be sent against Caesar they being Lords of the Sea he â—â—â—ghte â—â— off things from hym being in want and in a wandring iourney and that Pompey hymselfe should leade the army â—â— the lande â—â—to Italy whiche was yet enclyned vnto him and voyâ—e of enimyes and so being Lorde of it France and Spaine he mighte deale with Caesar at home from the principall parte But he neglecting â—â—â—s that had bin best to haue bin done followed them that said that Caesars army by and by would forsake him for famine or not long lyke to hold out for the victory wonne at â—urazzo whereas â—â—â—trarywise it should be a great shame to leaue Caesar fleeyng and that he that had ouercome should seme to flée as hough he were ouercome He giuing place to these reasons and for the regarde that he had of the nations of the East that depended vpon hym and fearing least Luciâ—â— Scipio should receyue any harme in Mâ—cedoniâ— and before all hauing a mind to vse his army that was so couragious to fight he remoued and set his Camp against Caesar at Pharsalo about foure miles asunder To Pompey victual was brought froÌ„ euery place for the wars the portes and storehouses were so open vnto him that by land he lacked nothing and by sea whatsoeuer winde blewe it serued his turne Caesar â—adde onely suche foode as he â—â—ulde get by dayly force and yet n 〈…〉 diâ— forsake him but by a diuine instinct required they â—â—gâ—te gyue â—aâ—tell thinking themselues to be farre better than the â—thâ—â— yoâ—g Souldyoures bycause they had serueâ— in the wâ—â—â—es tâ—uâ—e yeares togither But now to spende the tyme in making of mountes and treaches and cariage of victuall they were the weaker bycause of theyr age therefore it was better to trye all at once with laâ—oure then by idlenesse to punishe with famine When Pompey vnderstoode this he thought it daungerous to dealâ— wyth suche experse men that cared not for themselues and to aduenture all at one worke againste Caesars â—obâ—e fortune He thought ii surâ—r and lesse daÌ„gerous to coÌ„sume them wtth wante hauyng no power to be reléeued by land nor no vse of the Sea nor not a Shyppe to conuey themselues away at a neede Thus hée determined by very good reason to delay the warre and to drawe them from famine to famine but the greater number of Senatoures and of them calleâ— Gentlemen that were most honored the Kyngs and Princes that were with him â–ª some for lacke of experience some for foolishe hardynesse for theyr victory at Durazzo some bycause they were greater in number and some bycause they woulde râ—ther haue a short conclusion than an honorable ende and some bycause they were wéery of the warre all exhorted him to the fyghte shewyng that Caesar dyd alwayes prouoke hym and inuite hym to it but he dyd vse that reason against themselues for to Caesar it was necessary so to doe but to them delay til occasion was muche better for néede droue Caesar to doe as hée dyd But beeyng styll incensed by all the armye that was waxed proude for the victorye at Durazzo and by the best sorte that obiected ambition vnto hym and therefore of purpose was so slowe that hée myghte beare rule ouer so many as good as hymselfe and therevppon called him Kyng and Agamemnon â–ª bycause hée commaunded Kynges in the warre hée left hys owne consideration and gaue place to theires God striking him now and all the rest of that warre He grew sickly and slowe contrary to his
toke shippe at night and sayled forth not shewing whether only commaunding the captaines in the night to follow the light of his shippe and in the day the flag of the same to the maister whereof he commaunded after he had sayled a good way to set his course toward Alexandria and so being thrée days vpon the sea he came thither In thys place he was wel receiued of the kings officers the king being yet at mount Gassius Caesar at his comming pretended to haue nothing ado bycause of his fewe men but went about the Citie to beholde the beauty therof stood and heard the Philosophers disputations wherby he wanne muche loue and good fauour of the Alexandâ—â—â—â—s being among them as one hauing nothing to do But when his army was come hée layde handes vppon Photinus and 〈…〉 and put them to death for the wickednesse done to Pompey Therdotus fled into Asia whome Cassius founde there and caused to be hanged The Alexandrians were offended herewith and sette vppon him with the kings army that was there and made many fights with hym about the kings Palaice and at the sea banke where Caesar was driuen to take the sea and to swimme a good way The Alexandrians tooke hys cloake and bare it vp as a token of victory His last battell was wyth the Kyng hymselfe at the floude Nilus where he ouercame him and restored the kingdome to Cleopatra after he had bin nine moneths there Then he sayled vppon Nilus with foure hundred shippes in company of Cleopatra for whose pleasure he did many things all the whiche be particularly tolde in my booke of Egiptian matters He could not abide to behold Pompeys heade that was brought vnto him but commanded it to be buryed he also builded a little Temple before the Citie which was called the Temple of Reuengement the which in my tyme when Traiane the Emperoure did make warre against the Jewes was pulled downe of them to serue some turne in the warre When Caesar had done these things in Alexandria he wente wyth hys army thoroughe Syrta againste Pharnace who had bin very busy and taken diuerse of the Romaine Prouinces and gotten one victory of Domitius lieutenante to Caesar by the which growing stoute he tooke Amyso a Citie of Pontus allied to the Romaines all the people whereof he solde as slaues and made their children Enuchs but when Caesar came he fled as farre as he coulde and sent to Caesar for peace by hys Ambassadors who brought him a crowne of golde and offered foolishlye the Kyngs daughter in marryage to hym He perceyuing their presentes and messages wente on wyth his army entertayning the Kings Ambassadors with ordinary talke till they came nighe where he was encamped and then he said shall not this murtherer of his father bée yet killed then he leaped on horse And at the first charge Pharnace fled awaye and Caesar ouerthrewe the moste parte with a thousand horsemen that with the firste did kéepe in chase with hym At thys Caesar saide with a loude voice O happy Pompey that haddest to do with such meÌ„ of war as Mithridates this mans father was therby both to be thought and called Great Of this fight hée sent thus to Rome I came I sawe I conquered Pharnace was content to go to the kingdome of Bosphorus which Caesar appoynted him Caesar spent no time in trifles so many battels yet remayning behinde he went into Asia and by the waye gathered money of the Cities that were troubled wyth them that tooke paymentes of the Tributes as we haue shewed in our booke of Asia Now word was brought hym that there was sedition raysed in Rome and that Antony his lieutenaÌ„t did kéep the common place wyth an army Therefore setting all thinges aside hée made haste to Rome Whither when he was come all ciuill discorde ceassed but another began among his souldiours bycause they had not yet neyther receiued the promise made for theyr seruice at Pharsalo nor that it was reasoÌ„ that they shoulde be still kept in war therfore they cried euery man to go home He had promised theÌ„ rewards at Pharsalo and other rewardes when the war of Libya should be ended Therfore he sent them a thousand drammes apéece with a promise of more They bad him promise no more but pay al out of hand And it lacked but little that they had not killed Crispus Salustius had he not shifted away When Caesar hearde this he commanded the legion that Antony had for the guarde of the Citie to kéepe aboute his house the entry of the Citie fearing spoile and hée verye boldly all men fearing and diswading him from the rage of the souldiors went among them as they were in mutinie in the field of Mars and not being perceyued was set in the high seate They confusedly and with tumulte came running vnarmed as the maner is to salute the Generall when he commeth firste among them he commaunded theÌ„ that if they had any thing to say there touching the gifts they shoulde speake it before his face whiles hee was present they durste not speake a word for feare but taking a meane way cryed to be released of the war hoping bycause â—e had néede of men to finish the rest of his wars he would haue saide somewhat of the giftes But he contrarie to all opinion without any stay answered I discharge you They being astâ—med hereat and standing in a great silence he saide againe And I wil giue you all that I haue promised you when I shall triumphe â—â— the rest This word vnlooked for appearing so curteous did strike in them suche a consideratioÌ„ with an emulation that they thoughte it a shame to forsake their Capitaine in the middes of his enimies and that others shoulde triumph in their places They remembred what losse they should haue by leauing the warre in Libya and be thought enimies aswell to Caesar as to hys aduersaries for this doubt they remained silent in feare hoping yet that Caesar woulde haue giuen them rewarde and forgyuen them the faulte for hys present néede but he sate as silent as they Therefore hys friends wished him to say somwhat vnto them not to leaue them that so oft had serued hym with so shorte seuere a spéech He began to speake call theÌ„ Citizens in stead of souldiers which was a token they were discharged of y war become in their former priuate case This they could not suffer but cryed that they did repent and prayed they mighte be taken to the war Caesar refused it and came from the seate Then they made greater instaunce beséeching hym that if they hadde done amisse to punishe them he stayed a while neither going forward nor backewarde séeming to doubt what to do yet hée returned and sayde hée woulde punishe none of them but that it grieued him that the tenth legion whiche he had alwaies loued and
There was out of Sybils bookes an olde saying that the Parthians shoulde not be ouercome till a Kyng went against them wherefore some there were so bold to saye that as it was expedient for the Romaines to call him Dictator or Imperator or anye other name in stead of a King so that all nations subiect to the Romaine Empire should call hym king Hée refused this also and made hast to his iourney bycause he sawe he was enuyed in the Citie but whereas be tarried till the appoynted time his enimies killed him foure dayes before in â—â—â— Senate house eyther for enuie which commonly accompanyeth such felicitie auctoritie or as they said for the loue of their couÌ„treys libertie For now they knew well that thoughe hée did not ouercome those nations without doubte he woulde be a king And for this cause I thinke they tooke the enterprise agaynste him vnder the pretence of that name for thoughe hée was but Dictator in degrée it was as much as a Kyng in déede There were two chiefe in that conspiracy Marcus Brutus Cepio sonne to Brutus that was killed of Sylla whiche fled to Caesar after the calamitie of Pharsalo field and Caius Cassius that delyuered hys galleis into Caesars hand at Hellespont These two were afore of Pompeys part and now much honoured of Caesar Decimus Brutus Albinus alwayes thoughte worthy of Caesar to be vsed in honor and credite and had great affaires committed to them and in the wars in Lybia trusted them wyth armies and made them Gouernours of Prouinces Decimus of France beyond the Alpes Brutus of the same on thys side the Alpes Brutus and Cassius béeyng Pretors contended for the superioritie of the place eyther indéede who shoulde be higher or else for a pretence that they shoulde séeme to be no friendes Caesar setting order betwixte them said to hys friendes Cassius desireth right but Brutus muste be pleased With so great loue and honour did Caesar vse hym that of some he was compted hys son bicause he loued very wel Seruilia Catos sister and Brutus mother Therfore when he got the victory at Pharsalo hée gaue greate charge to hys Captayns that in any wise they should saue Brutus But Brutus either as an ingrate man or ignorant of his mothers faulte or distrustfull or ashamed or very desirous of his couÌ„trys libertie preferring it before all other things or that he was descended of the auntient Brutus that droue out the Kings or that he was incensed and rebuked of the people for manye things were written vppon the Images of olde Brutus and in the Courte hall of this Brutus secretly set vp Brutus thou takest rewardes Brutus thou arte dead O Brutus I woulde thou were aliue nowe Brutus what vnworthy posterity hast thou Brutus thou arte not come of hym These and many other lyke did inflame the yong mans mind to take the worke in hande as from his progenitor The same of making him King did still encrease and that there woulde be a Counsell for it a little before the which Cassius tooke Brutus by the hand and sayd Brutus what shall we do in that counsell shall we as Casars slatterers agrée to make hym Kyng Brutus answered I would not be at that Counsell Cassius being cheared with those wordes said what if they call vs as Officers what shall we do good Brutus I wyll quoth he defend my Countrey euen to the death Then Cassius embraced hym saying Whom wilâ—e thou take of the best being of this opinion doest thou thinke that artificers and light people do set those writings vpon thy JudgemeÌ„t place rather thaÌ„ the best Citizens of Rome which of other Pretors do looke for shews and pastunes of horse and wilde beasts but of thée they require liberty as a worke worthy thine auncestors After they had thus firste opened what they had long kept in their minds before they then dealte plamely and eche of them proued his own friends and some of Caesars whome they knewe to be méete for a bolde enterprise and they got of their friendes two brethren Cecilius and Bucâ—lâ—â—â—us theÌ„ Râ—brius Riga Q. Lâ—gaâ—iw Marcus Spurius Seruilius Galba Sextius Naso and â—oâ—â—â—us Aquila all these of their trusty friends and of Caesars familiars Decimus of whome we spake Caius Casca Trebonius Tuâ—â—us Cymbrus Minutius and Basillus These béeyng thoughte sufficient and not iudging it fit to haue anye moe they agréed together wythout othe or sacrifice and yet was there not one that changed or disclosed but only sought tyme and place The tyme was shorte bycause Caesar muste goe away the fourth daye to hys armyes and then shoulde straighte haue a guarde of Souldioures aboute hym The place they appointed the Senate house thinking though the Senatoures were not priuie yet when they sawe the â—éede they woulde helpe to it as they saye happened to Romulus who of a Kyng became a Tyranne And that thys acte euen as that béeyng doone in the place of Counsel shoulde not be thoughte a treason but a deede of the Citie voyde of dreade of Caesars army bycause it was a common consent and that honour shoulde remaine to them also as not ignorant of the whole entent Concluding vppon this they thought the Senate house the fittest place Of the maner they differed some thought good to kill Antonie also being Consull with Caesar and his greatest friend â–ª and most accepted to the armye But Brutus â—â—yde â–ª if we dispatche Caesar alone wée shall be named killers of a Tyranne bicause we deliuer vs of a king and thereof muste haue oure prayse but if we kill anye of hys friendes we shall be thoughâ—◠〈…〉 against Pompeys enimies Being all persuaded by this â–ª they looked for the next méeting of the Senate The daye before that Caesar shoulde goe to the Senate he had bin at a banquet with Lepidus Capitayne of the horsemen whither he carryed Decimus Brutus Albinus and talkyng merilye what death was beste for a man some saying one and some another he of all praised the sodaine death Thus he prophecied of hymselfe and spake in selfe of that whiche shoulde come to passe in earnest the next day After the banquet in the night his body was sickely and hys wife Calphurnia dreamed she sawe hym all to be goared with bloude and therefore stopped hys going forth In making sacrifices manye fearefull tokens appeared wherfore he determined to haue sent Antony to dissolue the Senate Decimus being present perswaded him not to take that calumniation of the suspition but himselfe to goe and dissolue it and so he was carryed thither in a Litter That daye certaine playes were exhibited in Pompeys Theatre therefore the Senate shoulde be kept in the place nexte to it vsing also to sée the fights Brutus and Cassius early in the morning did sit as Pretors giuing audience to suitors very quietly in a courte nighe the theatre of
Citie and of Antony the Consull leaste he would vse the people only leauing the Senate and worke them some displeasure being thus bestad they wente to the Capitoll with the swordeplayers where consulting what was best to be done it seemed good to giue a largesse to the people hoping that if some beganne to prayse their act the other wold folow for loue of liberty and the desire of common wealth for they thoughte y people of Rome to be as sincere now as they had heard it was when olde Brutus expelled the Kings not vnderstanding that they loked for two things contrarye in themselues that they that loue libertie and would be corrupted should be profitable to them at this present wherof the one was more easie to be had as in a state for the most part corrupted for now the people was mirt with strangers a libertyne was equal with a Citizen the fashion of a seruant like to the maisters for y Senate ercept the rest was indiffereÌ„t to the seruantes Further y distribution of corne which was vsed only in Rome to be giuen to y poore had brought that idle néedie vacabonds of Italy to Rome Again a nuÌ„ber of olde worne souldiers out of wages were not deuided into their couÌ„tries as they wer wont seuerally bicause some had serued in vniust wars but would go into coÌ„mon habitations take other mens land houses remayning togither in teÌ„ples coÌ„mon places vnder one baÌ„ner one chiefe that might apoint theÌ„ a prouince selling away their own to be the more redy to go they were sone bought for reward Therfore it was not hard for Cassius to gather a nuÌ„ber of such men bring them into the coÌ„mon place albeit they were hired yet durst they not prayse that was done for feare of Caesars glory others deuotion but for the coÌ„mon welth sake they cried for peace earnestly exhorted the rulers vnto it for thys was the deuise of the kyllers to worke theyr owne safetye And there coulde bée no peace vnlesse there were a forgetting standyng in these termes Cynna a Pretor and a kinsemanne by maryage to Caesar beyonde all opinion came among them hauing on hys vesture of office which he threw of as giuen him of a Tiran and called Caesar the Tiranne and them that kylled hym killers of a Tiranne and praysed the facte as moste like to their progenitours and that those men were to be called from the Capitoll and to be honoured with dew rewardes This Cinna sayde but they séeing the vncorrupted people was not myxte wyth them did not call them from the Capitol nor did anye thing else but onely exhorted to peace Then Dolabella a yong man and a noble appointed to be Consull after Caesar had ben gone for the reste of the yeare hauing on the garment of a Consul and the Maces of his office was the second that spake euill and pretended he was priuie to the deuise and only sorte that his hand was not at the doing of it and as some saye hee decréed that that daye shoulde be honoured as the byrth day of the Citie Then the hyred men toke harte when they saw both a Pretor and a Consul to forgiue them they called Cassius and the rest out of the Temple who were glad of Dolabella a yong noble man a Consul being most méete to match with Antony only there came downe Cassius and Marcus Brutus with his bloudy hand for they had striueÌ„ who should giue Caesâ—r moste woundes and when they were amiddest the people they spake nothing humbly but as in noble and euident things one praysed another calling the Citie now blessed attributing muche to Decimus that in so fitte a time bad serued them with swordplayers Then they stirred the people that they woulde do things worthy their auncestours whiche had expelled kings not reigning by violence as Caesar did but being chosen lawfully they also propouÌ„ded that Sextus Pompey sonne to Pompey the greate that hadde made warre agaynste Caesar for the common wealth myght be called home beyng yet in armes in Spayne againste Caesars Captaines and lykewyse Câ—setius and Marulâ—â—s that were depriued and banished by Caesar being Tribunes of the people When they hadde thus sayde they wente vppe againe to the Capitoll for they dyd not truste verye muche in that multitude Then their friendes and kinsfolke might repaire vnto them into the Temple of whom they chose the most auntient to send to Lepidus and Antony for reconciliation and regarde of libertie and to saue the Countrey from the euils that might growe vnlesse they be foreseene This much did the messengers require not praysing the thing that was done for they durst not to Caesars friends but desired to haue it borne with for the worthynesse of the doers not for hate to him but for the loue of their countrey and pitie of the Citie nowe consumed with continuall sedition of whiche one more would vtterly destroy all good men of the same and that it was not right that for any hate amongst a few they shoulde worke the publike destruction but rather that for publike commodities priuate enmities mighte be wiped away Antonius and Lepidus as I sayde minded to reuenge Caesars deathe eyther for friendships sake or for a practise betwéene them or for desire of rule and thynkyng all things would be the easier to them if such notable men might be ridde out of the way yet they feared their friendes and theyr kinsfolkes and the Senate that enclined to them and most of all Decimus whome Caesar hadde appoynted to gouerne France theyr neyghboure whereby he hadde a mighty armye Therfore they thought it best to tarry for a better occasion and deuise to gette Decimus army that was so valiant and expert with laboures neuer left Hauing this fetch Antony thus aunswered the messengers For priuate displeasure we will worke nothing but for offence and matter wherein we are all sworne to Caesar to bée kéepers of his body and defend it against violence it is requisite by our oth to follow the fact that is done and the rather to lyue with a few pure than all to be in daunger of those execrations yet for their honor that be of that opinion we will debate with you in the Senate house and take the way for the Citie that by common consent shall séeme good Thus Antony aunswered safelye They gaue thankes and departed with sure hope that al should haue gone well and that the Senate woulde haue fauoured their cause throughly â–ª Antony in the meane time caused the officers to make watche for the Citie all nighte and by turne to kéepe their seates as was wante in the daye and to haue fires ouer all the Citie by meane whereof the friends of the offendoures went to euery Senatoures house and requested them for themselues and for the Countreys common wealth There ranne abroade also the Captaynes of suche
as should haue habitations threatning mischiefe vnlesse some did performe the laÌ„ds places that was giuen and promised The sincere sort of the Citie tooke good hearte perceiuing the smal number of these doers They enclyned to the memorie of Caesar and were of diuers opinions Caesars money and the bookes of his doings were carryed to Antonie eyther bycause Calphurnie for the danger of hir house did send them to Antony as more surer or that Antony did so commaund it This done a decrée was made by Antony that nighte to call the Senate before daye at the Temple of the Goddesse of the earth not farre from his owne house for neyther durst he goe to the Senate house in the Capitoll bycause of the sworde players gathered there nor bring the armye into the Towne for troubling of it notwithstanding Lepidus brought them in Day drawing nigh other Senatoures came to y Temple of y Goddesse of the earth and Cinna the Pretor hauing on agayne his garmeÌ„t which the day before he had throwen off as giuen him of a Tyrant made hast thither whome when parte of the vncorrupted people and parte of Caesars Souldioures sawe béeyng in a rage bycause the daye before he was the firste that openly spake euill of Caesar béeyng hys kinsman they threwe stones at hym and droue hym into an house and gote woodde to haue burned it had not Lepidus come with the army and forbydden them This was the firste token whereby Caesars friendes hadde confidence that the conspiratoures and the hyred fellowes were afrayde In the Senate house there were fewe that were pure from violence and contention The most parte with diuers deuice fauoured the manquellers and thoughte them most worthye of trust to be there for common consultation and of offenders to make them Judges the whiche Antony dyd not lette bycause he knewe they woulde not come as they dyd not indéede Then in tryall of the Senate some very earnestly and playnely praysed the facte namyng them Tyrant-kyllers and wylled they shoulde be rewarded Other denyed the reward themselues not desiring it nor hauyng done it for that intente but thoughte it iust they should only be commeÌ„ded as welldoers Some would not allow that commendation but onely thoughte it ynough if they were forgyuen Thus did they deuise and forecast at the firste to what the Senate woulde encline that after by little and little they myghte the easier obteyne the rest The vncorrupted company did abhorre the acte as wicked yet for the reuerence of their great houses were not againste but that they shoulde be saued yet that they should be honored as well doers they coulde not abide Other spake againste this that it was not conuenient so to haue them as the rest that beloÌ„ged to their safety shuld bée enuyed And when one sayde that theyr honour shoulde bée Caesars dishonoure they aunswered that it was not fytte a dead man shoulde bée preferred to the quicke Another vehemently saying that of two things one must be chosen eyther to declarâ— Caesar a Tyrante or to forgiue these by mercy they tooke hold of this only and required that voyces mighte be tryed of Caesar by oth and that the decrées made of necessitie shoulde not preiudice them for whyles he ruled they dyd nothyng fréely but all for feare of themselues Pompey béeyng slayne and wyth hym manye a thousande more Antony markyng all thyngs deceytefully perceyuing that ample and euidente matter of spéeches was offered determined to turne theyr cogitation wyth a priuate care and feare of themselues and vnderstandyng that a greate parte of these Senatoures were appoynted to offices and Priestehoodes in the Citie and to gouernements of armyes and prouinces by Caesar for the tyme to come for hée shoulde bée long foorthe wyth hys armye the space of fyue yeares commaundyng silence as Consull thus sayde They that woulde haue boyces tryed vpon Caesar must know afore that if he ruled as an officer lawfully chosen then all hys actes and decrées must stande in force but if by violence wée thinke he playd the Tyrant then must his body be cast out of y Citie vnburyed and all his actes be reuoked wherfore as I sée we must medle with all y world both by sea land many be such as though we would will not obey vs as I shall declare héereafter Now what apperteyneth to vs alone for this matter toucheth only vs I will put all things before you that as in an easâ—e platte you may see a shew of harder things All we in manner haue borne office vnder Caesar and yet doe beare chosen and made by him and some are to haue offices in time to come as the lotte fals out for you know he appoynted for fiue yeares the yearely offices of the Citie to you and the regimentes of Countreys and armies If you will willingly forgoe them for that is in your power to do this would I haue you first determine and then procéede to other Thus Antony did kindle a fire not for Caesar but for themselues and helde his peace Then they by and by in throngs with shoutes starte vp and denyed that any other triall shoulde be made by the voyces of the people but that the things appoynted should be assuredly holden There were some vnder age and other that mighte finde resistance in election whome he chiefly stirred of whome Dolabella the Consull was one to whome it was not lawful to be consul by election bycause he was not fiue and twenty yeares of age wherefore he shewed a suddayne mutation of that he pretended the daye before rebuking as many of them as thought the conspiratours worthy of honor that they that were in office should be dishonored by making their securitie to haue the better shew Other put Dolabella and the â—est in hope that they shoulde receâ—ue thankes of the people and straight resume their dignities without any alteration of the officers but to shewe a lawfuller way by common election and that it shoulde be an ornament to them to be aduanced as well by the authoritie of the people as by the appoyntmente of one ruler and this was no sooner spoken but some of the officers to deceyue the other put off their robes as to receâ—â—e the same agayne more lawfully Some perceyued the craft and did not thinke to get by election that they already had The matter standing thus Antony and Lepidus wente out of the Senate house for certaine that came running from the multitude did call them and as they were séene from aboue and sileÌ„ce hardly put to them that made much noyse one cryed vnto them whether of his owne minde or that he was suborned and bade them take héed least they suffered the like Then Antony losing his gowne shewed his curet incensing the lookers on as though now no man coulde be safe vnlesse he ware armoure no not the Consull There was some cryed that the fact might be punished and
more made request for peace to whom he thus sayd Of that we will consider as shall be fitte to be and what it is that it may auayle but the suretie of it is hard to be found since neyther oth nor execration could profit Caesar and to them that called for reuenge he turned and commended them as more carefull of their othes and honestie I would be quoth he youre Captayne and crye as you do but that I am a Consul to whome belongeth rather to speake for profite than for iustice for so doe they within persuade vs and so Caesar himselfe for the profite of the Citie sparing them that he hadde taken in warre was of the same destroyed Thus wrought Antony artificially they that thoughte the fact to be punished required Lepidus that he would punishe it Lepidus intending to speake they that stoode farre off prayed hym to goe into the common place that all might heare him indifferently He wente straight forth with opinion that the peoples minds were new turned and when he was come to the place of spéech he lamented wéeping and thus sayd Heere I was yesterday with Caesar and now am I héere to enquire of Caesars deathe what will you haue done many cryed that they should reuenge Caesar The hyred men cryed for peace in the Citie to whome hée sayd we will so but what peace speake you of with what othes can it be sure for all our Countrey othes we haâ—e sworne to Caesar and we that are compted the least of them that did sweare haue troden all vnder the foote Then he turned to them that cryed for reuenge â–ª Caesar sayd he is gone from vs an holy and honored man in déede and we be afrayd to hurte the Citie and them that be left This do the Senate treate of and manye thinkes it good then they cryed that he alone should take it in hand I wyll sayd he for it is a iust oth to me alone but it is not ynough that I and you alone doe will it or that we alone can fulfill it â—andling the matter thus craftâ—ly the hyred men knowing that he was ambitioue praysed him and exhorted him to take the office of Caesars Priesthode of the which he being very glad sayde You shall remember me of this héereafter if I shall be worthy of it They that were hired were the more instant for peace bycause of the liberall spéech of the Priesthoode Then sayde he although it be vniust and wicked yet will I doe it bycause you will me This said he returned into the Senate house where Dolabella all that time had bin importune for the continuance of his office Antony gathering the peoples humor looked ouer hym wyth a smiling countenance and finding them to dissent among themselues and the people to doe nothing earnestly hauing beholden all sufficiently he determined to saue the meÌ„ hiding one necessitie with another that both they shuld be saued by especial grace and that Caesars actes should be coÌ„firmed by decrée the Senates orders take effect therfore silence being coÌ„manded he sayd thus Of the Citizens offendoures you men of equall honor in this your consultation I haue sayd nothing but to them that contrarywise desired a tryall of Caesar I put forthe onely one of his decrées which hath not withoute cause kept you in contention tyll this time for if we doe refuse those offices we shall confesse so many worthy men vnworthily to haue receyued them Then coÌ„sider that is not easie to be hard and number in your mindes the Cities the nations the kingdomes the regions and as I maye say all things froÌ„ the East to the Weast y Caesar had by his vertue vanquished for vs and all that by his power subdued the same by law clemencie and curtesie he made assured vnto hym Which of these do you thinke wil beare to be depriued y things they haue enioyed vnlesse you wil fyll all with warres that are desirous to heale youre countrey that is nowe most féeble wyth disease Those that be farre off and kepte downe with feare and fight I wil omitte to touch but those that be not at haÌ„d only and as I may say euen at home through out all Italy some haue receyued rewards of victory and by multitudes with the armies wherewith they serued be of Caesar appoynted habitations by the same institution whereof many a thousand be within this citie what do you thinke they wil do if you take from them that they had or that they looked to haue of Cities and Countreys Thys last night did shew vs an Image of this matter for wheÌ„ you did intreate for the offendoures they on the contrary ranne aboute with threatnings Do you thinke they can abide to sée Caesars body violated torne vnburyed for these things by law are wente to be done againste Tyrants whiche haue serued in the warres with him and to haue the gayne gotten by the victories of France and England confirmed vnto them when he that was the gyuer of them is so despightfully handled what thinke you the people of Rome will do what thinke you the Italians what hate shal you haue both of God and man if you do so defile your empire enlarged from the Oceane sea to the people vnknowen for you shall not lacke reproufe and blame for this youre inconstancie more than they that thinke you worthy honor that killed a Consull in the Counsell house an holye man in an holy place Senatoures being the doers in the sighte of the Gods and dishonor him that of his enimies is most honored from these things as vnlawfull and not in your power I do warne you to refrayne Then thys sentence I giue that Caesars actes and decrées doe remayne firme and stable that the offenders be praysed in no wise for it is not godly iust not consonant Caesars actes being ratified that of mercye onely you will pardon them for their friends and kinsfolkes sake so as they do so accept it and will of theÌ„ confesse it in thaÌ„keful part When Antony had said this with great contention and vehemency the decrée was made all other being silent and content That there should be no action for Caesars death That all his actes and decrées should be confirmed so as they were commodious for the citie And this with much adoe did the friends of the offendoures cause to be added for their safetie that they were not more kepte for iustice sake than for profite Antony gaue place vnto it These being decrées they that were heads of men to be set in habitations desired a priuate decrée by common authoritie that their places of inhabitance myghte bée made sure vnto them and Antony was not agaynste it shewing some feare with the Senate This decrée was made and another like for them that went to their inhabitations The Counsell being thus broken vp there were some that persâ—oded Lucius Piso to whome Caesar had lest his Testamente that it
friendes came vnto him and againe prayed him not to dissente from the Senate bycause it was decréed that there shoulde be no question of Caesars deathe Further they feared Antony and his power who neyther came himselfe to méete Caesars sonne nor sent any man to receyue hym all the whiche Octauius tooke very temperately and said it was méete that he should goe first to Antony as a yong man to an elder and a priuate man to a Consul and that he would obserue y Senate as should be conuenient And though quoth he there be a decrée that no man should persecute the killers and yet if anye maÌ„ durst take it in hand bath the people and the Senate by law and the goods by iustice yea and peraduenture Antony also wyll be helps to it if he did refuse the inheritaÌ„ce adoptioÌ„ he should offend againste Caesar defraude the people of their distribution In the end he knit vp his spéech that it was not onely honest for him to put himselfe in daÌ„ger for this matter but also if néede be to lose his life otherwise he should séeme vnworthy the choyce y Caesar had made of him in so great matters séeing he himself was wont to contemne all maner of perill Then turning to his mother he rehearsed those words that Achilles spake to Thetis I do rather wish of my life an ende Than I should omitte reuengement of my friend This word quoth he did winne Achilles immortall fame but much more the déede and that he ought to reuenge Caesar not as a friende but as a father not as a fellowe Souldiour but as a Generall not dying by lawe of warre but murthered wickedly in the Senate house For this spéeche his mother from feare turned to you embraced him affirming he only was worthy for Caesar This talke being ended she prayed that all myghte haue lucky and prosperous successe with spéede yet she perswaded him at the firste rather to vse policie and sufferance than playnenesse and boldnesse when he commending hir aunswered he would so do In the nighte he sent to his friendes and prayed them the nexte morning to be with him in the coÌ„mon place wyth the other multitude In that place méeting with Caius Antonius brother to Marcus Antonius a Pretor of the Citie he sayde vnto him that he did accept the adoption of Caesar for it was the manner of Rome that the adopted children should exhibite testimonie to the Pretors which beyng registred he straighte wente out of the common place to Antony the other Conâ—ull who was then in Pompeys gardings whiche Caesar had giuen him and when hée had tarryed at the gate a long whyle he entred into a suspition of Antonies alteration Being at length lette in due salutations and intretaynmeÌ„ts were betwéene them and bycause they must talke of things that were expedient Octauius Caesar sayd thus I Father Antony for the benefites that Caesar shewed to thée and the thankes thou gauest to him requiring thée to be a father to râ—e do prayse thée for the things thou hast done for him and I will be thy debtor of thankes for them but wherein I maye blame thée I will speake it frankely for dolor doth thereto driue me When he was slayne thou wast not present the quellers holding thée withoute the dores for eyther shouldest thou haue saued him or haue bin in the like daunger thy selfe of the whych if the latter must haue happened It is well now that thou wast absente When some decréed them to be honored as againste a Tyrant â–ª thou denyedst it effectually for the whych I know thou deseruest cléere thankes but if thou knowest that those men did conspire thy death not as one that woulde reuenge Caesar as we thinke then were they not Tyrantkillers and for that they fled to the Capitoll as to a Sanctuary like offendors crauing mercâ—e or into a sorte as enimies for their strength wherefore obliuion and acquitall of the murther was required for theÌ„ though some of the Senate or the people were corrupted of them and if thou hadst bin otherwise minded thy office did require thee to punish so great a fault and to correct them that did erre yet diddest thou send pledges of thine owne into the Capitoll for the assurance of the manquellers Well graunt the corrupted sort did force thée to it but when Caesars Testament was redde and thou madest his funerall Oration as righte was and the people for the fresh memorie of Caesar carryed a fire againste them and for their neyghboures sake spared them and agayne they were in armes twice the next day why didst not thou help the people as their leader with fire or armoure to punishe the murtherers if any punishment ought to be of them that are euident offendors by thée a friende to Caesar a Consull and Antony Marius Amatius by commaundement of thy great power was put to deathe but the quellers thou susferedst to slée and to runne to certayne prouinces which wrongfully they holde hauing killed him that gaue them Syria and Macedonia thou and Dolabella doyng well when thinges were setled tooke from them for the whiche I would thanke thée if thou hadst not straight appoynted them to Creta and Cyrene and thought fugitiues worthy prouinces euer to be as garrisons against me Decimus hauyng France our neybour you haue suffered he also being made ruler of that and other by my father but some will say the Senate did determine it yea and thou didst confirme it and satest as chiefe in that Senate the which thou chiefly of all others for thy selfe oughtest to haue resisted To giue them obliuion of their faulâ—o was as a granting only of their liues but to assigne prouinces and honor was a contumelie of Caesar and an ouerthrow of the iudgement Therefore as passion dothe carrie me peraduenture beyonde the due respect of my yeares and reuerence to thée I will speake it both as to a sure friende of Caesar and of him though worthye much honor and power and also as to one that mighte haue bin his heire if he had knowen that thou hadst come of Aeneas rather than Hercules for that did he muche consider when he tooke order for his succession But for the tyme to come O Antony for the Gods of friendship and for the dutie to Caesar if thou wilt change any of the things done as thou must if thou wilt if not at the least help to further me that minde to be reuenged of the quellers with the people and such of my fathers friends as I haue and if any respect of men or of the Senate doth moue thée be not angry with me Thou knowest what a charge I and my house haue about these matters for the performing of the distribution that my father gaue to the people and for the care thereof that by delaying of them I might not séeme vnthankefull nor they that should receyue habitations in the countrey shoulde be
messengers to Decimus to kepe his prouince strongly and to gather other army and money that he might resiste Antony So muche were they troubled and in anger against Antony And he contrary to the Senats minde entending to aske it of the people by lawe as Caesar once obtayned it before and as Dolabella had Syria now of late And to afraâ— y Senate he commaunded his brother Caius to transport the army of Macedonia by the Ionian Sea to Brunduse and there to doe what Antony should require Nowe was there playes to be â—hewed by â—â—itonius the ouersâ—â—r of victuals At the whiche Caesar hadde prepared a crowne and a chayre of golde for his father as in al shewes they had ordeyned so to honour him Câ—iâ—â—â—â—s sayde he woulde not admitte Caesar to be honored in the charges y be should make Wherefore Octaâ—â—iâ—n brought him before Antony the Consul Antony sayd he would put it to the Senate Whereat Octauian being offended Doe so quoth he and I will set the Chaire till thou haâ—â—e made the decree Antony was angry and forbad hym He forbadde it also in other playes after to be made and that was somewhat vnreasonable for Octauius hymselfe did exhibit it being instituted of hys father to Venus his parent to whome in the common place hee builded a Temple wyth a Couâ—te Of thys did manifeste hate grewe agaynste Antony of all men as thought he did not rather â—â—â—â— Octauius Caesar now thâ—n contemne the former vnthankfully Young Caesar with a muâ—â—â—tude as a guarde wente among the people and such as had bin benefited by hys father or serued hym in the wars â—â—uâ—ouslye hée besoughte them that they woulde not suffer hym thus to be so many waies despised but both reuenge Caesar their chiefetayne and benefactour so dishonoured of Antony and desenâ—e themselues who should haue none assurance vnlesse the things that he had decréed were established He went vp to euery highe place of the Citie and cried vpon Antony Be not angry with Caesar for me nor dishonor him that hath moste honoured thée O Antony and was moste affectionated to thée do me what â—nâ—ury thou wilt but saue his substaunce from spoile till the Citizens haue their parte all the reste take vnto thée It shal be sufficient for me though I be poore to be successor to hys glorye so thou wilte suffer the people â—o haue their portion After these wordes there was euident and continuall exclamation againste Antony and although he sharpelye threatned Octauius and that hys threats were openly known yet did they the more sâ—irre at it Wherfore the chiefe of the Capitains that serued in Antonies guard in great estunation wyth hym and had bin before with Caesar desired him he woulde leaue his dispight as well for their cause as for his own hauing serued vnder Caesar and receyued so many good turnes of him Which things Antony consideryng and confessing them to be true and halfe ashamed they shoulde be layde vpon hym and nowe shoulde haue néede of Octauians helpe for the prouince of France he beganne at lengthe to bée quiet and to shewe that some thyngs were doone againste hys wyll But bycause the young manne was so hawtie at those yeares hée dydde reuoke certaine thynges for that he hadde no regarde nor reuerence to the Capitaines and olde officers yet for theyr sakes he woulde reframe hys anger and returne to his olde conditions if hée also woulde leaue hys insolent behauiour The Captaines being gladde of this brought them togither when they had declared their griefs they set them at one Now was the law called vppon for France the Senate being against it and entending to prohibite it if Antony woulde propounde it to them and if hée didde not but require it of the people they woulde set the Tribunes to be againsteit and some there were that woulde haue it frée from al Lieutenants ouer that nation so muche afraide were they of it Antony did obiect vnto them that they would truste Decimus with it that was one of Caesars killers and distruste hym that did not kill hym that wanne that prouince and made it fall to his knées casting forth openly against them al as though they had bin desirous of that was doone to Caesar The courte daye being come the Senate willed the assembly of the companyes to be gathered and in the night they sette vppe Tentes in the common place and called a bande of Souldioures to desende them from all happes The people being offended laboured for Antony by the helpe of Octauiâ— that sate among the Tentes who entreated for hym for hée was very much afraid least Decimus shoulde be Gouernoure of a Prouince of suche importaunce and an armye so greate béeyng one that hadde kylled hys father and for thys cause hée beganne to fauoure Antonie wyth whome he was reconciled trusting to gette some good at hys hande The Tribunes being corrupted of Antony and keping silence the lawe tooke place and the armye being nowe at the sea was for reasonable consideration assigned to Antonie One of the Tribunes being dead Octauius much fauoured Flaminius against the next election and bycause the people thought himselfe woulde haue the office but refused to aske it bycause of his yong yeares they determined neuerthelesse at the election to make him Tribune The Senate had enuy at his encrease were afraide if he were Tribune he would accuse his fathers killers to the people And Antonie not regarding to breake friendship with Octauius whither it were to please the Senate and to quiet their minds for the late lawe made for hys Prouince or for their sakes that shoulde go to inhabite as Consull hée decréed that Caesar shoulde deale with no man but lawfullye otherwise he woulde further by al means his auctoritie against hym Thys declaration beyng vnpleasaunte to Caesar and contumelious bothe to hym and the people they were angrye and entended to make stirre at the election and to affraye Antonie and by the helpe of the other Tribunes to reuoke the decrée Octauius Casar as one euidently deceyued sente manye to the Citties that hys father made for to inhabite to shew them how hée was vsed and to knowe their minds therin He sent some also as cariers of victual into Antonies campe to mingle among them chiefelye to deale wyth the boldest of them and among the reste to scatter libells and thus hée dydde The Capitaines and chiefe men with Antony finding time conuenient saide thus vnto him Wée O Antonie that wyth thée haue serued Caesar and gaue to hym chiefe aucthoritie and till this daye haue remayned as assured seruauntes of it haue knowne that hys killers and the Senate fauouring them didde as muche hate and séeke to dispatch vs But when the people did disturbe them we were encouraged agayne bycause wée sawe that Caesar was not forgotten lacked no friendes nor destitute of fauoure yet did wee put
all our truste in thée as in Caesars friende and nexte him most acquainted in the seruice of warre and nowe our Generall and for al respects most sit for it When our enimies did rise and boldly force Syria and Macedonia and prepared mony and men against vs and the Senate maintainyng Decimus and thou consuming the tyme in contention with Caesar Octauius not without cause we were afraide that in tyme to come thys dissention â—etwéene you woulde raise a greater warre than hathe beene and gyue occasion to our ennimies to do what they woulde againste vs all the whyche seeyng thy selfe doest vnderstande we beséeche thee that for Casars sake and for oure loue whiche hath doone nothing to offend thée and for the commodities that may rise both to thée and vs that whilest thou mayest thou wouldest agrée with Octauius whiche onlye is sufficient entending to be reuenged of the strykers The whiche thing cleare of all care shall stay thée in aucthoritie and place vs in securitie that now are in doubt both for thée and for oure selues The chiefetaynes hauyng sayde thus muche Antony thus aunswered What beneuolence and loue I haue euer borne to Caesar in all hys causes offeryng my selfe to moste perills of all other you that haue béene in Souldiour fare with me and present to euery thing that hathe bin done can well testifie How muche loue and good will he shewed to me euen till his last day I shall not néede to repeate For his quellers waying both thâ—se meâ—utâ— to haue kylled me with him as thoughe I being a â—â—â— they coulde not thinke their intentes to â–ª consiste in safetye And if anye manne dydde affraye them from that mynde it was not doone for desire and care of my life but for a respecte onelye that they woulde not séeme to persecute their ennimies but to dispatche a Tyran Who then can thinke that I doe forgette Caesar my benefactour or haue more estéemed his enimies than him or woulde willingly forgyue them his death that haue sought mine as this new Caesar thinketh How then commeth the obliuion of his deathe and their aduancemeÌ„t to prouinces for this he obiecteth against me and not the Senate Heare you then how it hathe come to passe Caesar being slayne in the Senate house euery man was afrayd and I most of all for Caesars friendship and ignorance of the facte for I neyther hearde of the comuration nor vnderstoode howe manye were of the conspirancie The people was in tumulte and the strikers with the swordplayers tooke the Capitoll and made themselues fast and the Senate was of their side whyche is nowe more euident bycause they decréed honors to them as to the killers of a Tyrant and if Caesar were a Tyrant then must we haue bin destroyed strayght as friends to a Tyrante So I béeyng troubled with tumult with feare and sorrow coulde not vse reason nor bée without perplexitie as you maye perceyue if you will consider for on the one side was néede of boldnesse vehemente and on the other dissimulation extreame Firste thys was to be done the residue easlie followyng to take away the honor to be gyuen to the strikers againste thâ— whiche I onely standyng resisted both the Senate and them and broughte to passe with greate payne vsing eindente courage onely offering my selfe to that perill supposing that wée Caesars friendes should be in suretie if heâ— were not condemned as a Tyrant The lyke feare troubled our enimies and the Senate that if he were not iudged a Tyrant they shoulde be accompted manquellers And for thys contention I thoughte it best to gyue place and to allow obliuion of hys death in stead of honor to be giuen to them that I mighte wynne of them as muche as by necessitie I coulde And this was the manner of my doings that neyther I dyd suffer Caesars name to be abolished nor his substance to bée confiscate nor his adoption in the whiche this man nowe most gloryeth to be dissolued nor his testament to be frustrated Hys bodye I caused to be buryed princely and honoures due vnto him before to be consecrated as immortall and all his actes and decrées to be kept firme and sure and hys sonne and our friends the Captaynes and the Souldioures to be in good safetie and to liue in honor in stead of rebuke Thinke you the obteyning of these thynges of the Senate for Obliuion were but small and trifles or doe you thynke wythout Obâ—uion the Senate would haue graunted them whyche for these causes I thynke is playnely to bee performed for a true dealyng wyth the strikers and for animmortall glory of Caesar and all oure weale and suretie The whyche I haue not done of that purpose but to turne the course to the contrarye For when I hadde brought the Senate to that that was profitable to vs and allowed the killers to remayne in quiet I did ouerthrowe the Obliuion not by decrée nor statute for that I coulde not but by an earnest iealousie of the people bringing Caesars bodye to be buryed in the common place and causing hys woundes to bée séene of the multitude shewyng his vesture bloudy and mangled and declaring his vertue and beneuolence to the people wéeping when I made the mourning Oration I called hym by the name of a kylled god These were my wordes and workes whereby the people was so prouoked as in stead of Obliuion they tooke fire and wente to the quellers houses and in the ende drone them out of the Citie Howe thys was contrarye to the Senate they béeyng gréeued wyth it it was euidently séene For they accused me first of ambition and appoynted prouinces to Brutus and Cassius Syria and Macedonia whyche were full of greate armyes And least they shoulde séeme to make hast before theyr tyme they gaue them pretence to prouide grayne for the Citie Wherefore a greater feare dyd yet trouble me for lacke of an appoynted armye as menne naked to syghte wyth so manye well armed my fellowe béeyng a man suspected and disagréeyng from me and one of the conspirators agaynste Caesar and appoynted to bée héere at the daye of hys deathe For these thyngs béeyng in great trouble and séekyng with spéede to disarme oure enimies and to arme oure selues I kylled Amatius I thoughte good to call home Pompey that by thys meane I mighte ioyne the Senate agayne Yet not much trustyng them I persuaded Dolobelia to aske Syria not of the Senate but of the people by a lawe to bée made and in hys sute I furthered hym of a friende to make hym an enimie to the strikers and that it shoulde séeme verye vnfytte for the Senate to denye me Macedonia séeyng they hadde graunted Syria to Dolobella for otherwise woulde they not haue graunted mée that prouince nor delyuered me that armye excepte they hadde firste graunted to Dolabella the same to goe agaynste the Parthians nor they woulde not haue taken from Brutus and Cassius Syria and Macedonia vnlesse they hadde appoynted some
other prouinces to them for theyr suretie Néedes must they appoynte one for another but what manner ones Cyrene and Creta voyde of armies whyche they oure enimies in contempte haue lefte as vnprofitable and by violence haue entred the other whyche wée tooke from them Thus was oure armye putte from oure enimies to Dolabella by deuice and sleighte and exchange of other prouinces for where warre was not there must thinges bée done by lawe This béeyng thus broughte to passe and oure enimies gathering another armye I hadde néede of the same my selfe that was in Macedonia yet wanted occasion to require it When the fame came that the Getes woulde inuade Macedonia whyche not béeyng beléeued espies were sente to vnderstande the truth I decreed that no man ought to aske the Dictatorshippe nor to take it though it were gyuen hym By the whych thyng they béeyng chiefly allured appoynted me the armye and then dyd I thinke my selfe equall with mine enimies not these that be euidente as Octauius thynketh but other moe in number greater in power and not yet appearing When I had done this one of the strikers remayned still hard at our sides Decimus Brutus He béeyng a gouernoure of a greate countrey and a mighty armye verye bolde I deuised to take hys prouince from hym yet wyth a regarde of the Senate promising to delyuer Macedonia voyde of armye The Senate takyng the thyng euill and perceyuing some deuice to bée hadde what and howe greate matter was written to Decimus you knowe and to stirre the Consulles agaynste mée wherefore wyth the more boldenesse dyd I practise to wynne that prouince not by the Senate but by the people and lawe and to haue the armye of Macedonia come to Brundâ—sâ— to vse at all oportunities â–ª and with the Gods help we will vse them as necessitie shall compell vs Thus from muche feare wherein we were at the first we be turned into safetie of them that haue to doe wyth vs and into boldnesse agaynste oure foes whose courage beginnes to shrinke and ours to increase You sée what repentance they make of their decrées and what payne it was to mée to take France gyuen to another man You knowe what they wrote to Decimus and what they persuaded the Consuls agaynste me for that matter but wyth the Gods of oure Countrey wyth dutifull mynde and wyth oure valiante actes by the whyche Caesar was a conqueroure wée wyll reuenge him labouring with our bodyes and counselling wyth oure mynds These thyngs O Souldioure fellowes I woulde haue secrete although howe I haue done them I haue tolde you with whome I will participate all thyngs both in worde and déede the which you may shewe to any other that do not knowe it onely Octauius except who is most vnthankefull to vs. When Antony hadde thus saide it séemed to the Captaynes that he had done all things with great art and policie to deceiue the quellers whome he hated and therefore they were desirous to reconcile them with Caesar once agayne and persuaded them to méete in the Capitoll Not long after Antony did cause some of his gard to be apprehended by his friendes as entised by Octauius to destroy him eyther to discredite Octauius or for that he thoughte it true learning it of such as were sente to hys Campe. He declared this to be done by all coniecture to dispatche hys person whiche matter béeyng quietly heard caused muche adoe and indignation among the people A fewe that were grounded vppon reason were glad that Antony myghte doe Caesar good and also hurte at hys pleasure bycause hée was terrible to the strikers and if hée were once dispatched they myghte wyth the more securitie doe theyr feates bycause the Senate chiefly fauoured them Thus the wyser sorte did thinke but the multitude séeyng that despight and hynderance was dayly offered to Octauius they thoughte it not vnlike to be a calumniation and yet supposed it not good nor honest that Antony beyng Consull shoulde bée in daunger of hys person Octauius Caesar with greate anger and furie wente among them that were of thys opinion and cryed that hée was circumuented of Antony for the frendshyppe that he onely had with the people and ranne to Antonyes house and there he exclaymed and called the Gods to witnesse with all execrations and othes prouoking hym to come to tryall and bycause no bodye came to hym he sayde to hys friendes I am contente to bée iudged by hys owne people And with that he brake in at the dores but béeyng kepte backe he sware and rebuked them that kepte the gates bycause they stopped hym from making further tryall wyth Antony He wente hys way and protested to the people that if any hurte came vnto hym it shoulde come by Antonyes meanes Hauyng spoken this with greate vehemencie it gréeued the people and some of them repented of theyr former opinion Some stoode in doubte and â—usted neyther of them Some thoughte it a dissimulation betwéene them the better to bryng to passe that they had agréed vpon in the Temple againste their enimies and some thought Antonie deuised it to haue a greater garrison about him and to turne mens good will from Octauius Nowe was there secrete intelligence gyuen to hym that the armye at Brunduse and the ordinarie Souldioures were angrye with Antonie bycause he neglected Caesars death and that they woulde reuenge it to their power and that Antonie was gone in hast to Brunduse for this cause Octauius was afrayde least he returning with his armye shoulde finde hym vnprouided He tooke mony and wente to Campania to winne the Cities that were inhabited by such â–ª as had serued his father and first he persuaded Celatia and Silio two Townes about Capua He gaue euerie man fiue hundred drammes and had tenne thousande menne neyther armed nor distributed into due bands and order but only as a gard of his person vnder one ensigne They in the Citie were afrayde of Antonies commyng with his army and when they heard that Octauius was comming with another they were in a double feare and some tooke it well that they mighte vse Octauius against Antony Some that sawe theyr reconciliation in the Capitoll thought it but a dissimulation and a recompence of the one to be in authoritie and the other to persecute the quellers In thys disquietnesse Carnutiw the Tribune enimie to Antony and friende to Octauius wente to knowe the truth whyche béeyng done hée declared to the people that there was playne variance betwéene Antony and Octauius and that it stoode them in hande to make Octauius theyr friende séeyng they had none other armye to resist Antonyes Tyrannie When he had sayde thus he willed Octauius to enter who lay a little withoute the Citie at the Temple of Mars Hée dyd so and came to the Temple of Iupiters chyldren about the whyche the Souloioures stoode with theyr weapons openly Carnutius spake firste against Antony Then Octauius hymselfe reuiued the memorie
but to Octa. Caesar which Cicero prayseth also yesterday would haue theÌ„ rewarded of y commoÌ„ Treasure whiche example I pray God you do not one daye repent to suche inconuenience hath enmity caried Cicero He accuseth Antonies Tyranny also and murder of souldiours wheras they that séeke mischiefe to their countries euer do please their armies and not so punish theÌ„ And bycause he can accuse Antony of none other matter of Tiranny after Caesars rule go to I wil aske him questions of euery thing Whom hath Antony killed vnharde as a Tyrant who now him selfe vnhard is in daunger to be condemned whome hath he vanished whom hath he cast out hath he bin so to euery particular man hathe he layde traynes for vs all at once when O Cicero he decreed forgetfulnesse of all things done or that no man shoulde prosecute the murder or that a search shoulde be made of common Treasure or when he called home Pompey your Pompeis sonne or when he wished he might be recompenced of the common for his fathers substaunce or when he dispatched the counterfayte Marius whom then you al praysed and now only in that Cicero will not you disprayse or when he determined that no Dictator should be created or spoken of or when he ordayned that he that would shoulde dye for it These were the things that Antony did to vs in two monethes when he alone remayned in the Cittie after Caesar when by and by the people pursewed the stickers when by and by we were afrayde of things to come When if he woulde haue taken his occasion and haue bene vmust he coulde not haue had a better yet hée dyd not vse hys power to the contrary What did not he alone rule when Dolobella was gone into Syria What dyd not he vse hys army preste to al purposes in the Citie whyche you appointed to hym did he not watch the Citie was not he himself garded by night for feare of his enimies had he not occasioÌ„ by Caesars death his friend and benefactour and most deare to the people Had he not another more nere wheÌ„ his body was laid for of meÌ„ of whom he neyther banished nor put to death any but rather fauoured them as much as by reasoÌ„ honesty he coulde not enuying them These you sée O Romaines be the greatest and most doubtful matters that Cicero hathg athered against him and to hys accusations he ioyneth deuination as thoughe Antony woulde haue broughte so greate an armye againste the Cittie but that hee was afrayde of Octauius Caesar that preuented hym wyth an other armye If to entende onely so bee the parte of a manne that is an ennimye why doeth hee not counte hym one that came and encamped in the Cittye and gaue you no warnyng of it If Antony woulde come howe hapte it hee came not was hée afrayde of Caesars thrée thousande vnarmed he hauyng thirtye thousand well armed They came onely to Caesar for to helpe to a pacifycation betwéene them but when they saw that warre would follow they forsooke hym If he were afrayde when hée had thyrtie thousande howe came he hither with one thousande with the whyche goyng to Tibure howe manye dyd wee sende vnto hym howe manye of vs wente to bee sworne of hym that were not sworne before what prayses dyd Cicero make of hys good gouernemente and vertue howe woulde Antony if hee hadde knowen thys haue lefte wyth vs the pledges that nowe bee without the Senate house hys mother hys wife and hys young sonne whyche lamente and feare nowe not of Antonies doyngs in the common wealthe but for hys ennimyes power Thys I haue rehearsed vnto you as an example of Antonies innocencye and Ciceros mutabilitye And to them that well wyll consyder I wyll giue thys exhortation neyther to charge the people nor Antony neyther to bring in generall enimetie and daunger the common wealthe beyng sickely and wantyng them that spéedâ—â—â—c might relieue it but to make the Cyttie strong before they abroade doe styrre anye tumulte whereby wee maye resiste anye that wyll ryse againste vs and â—â—â—ge of them as wee shall thinke good and performe what wee haue iudged But howe can thys bée done If wee can suffer Antony for the loue or fauour of the people to haue Fraunce if wee call home Decimus wyth hys three legions and when hée is come senâ—e hym into Macedonia retayning hys legions and calling for the two legions that wente from Antony wee doe require them as Cicero sayeth of Caesar to bee in the Citie so as hauyng fiue legions wee maye confyrme what wee will by decree and not be driuen to hang of anye mans hope Thys haue I spoken to the hearers without enuye or emulation But for them that inconsiderately and vnaduisedly séeke to trouble â–ª you for priuate grudge or displeasure I shall beséeche the Judges not to bée to quicke nor swifte againste so greate men and leaders of so mightye armyes that they doe not force them to make warre againste their wyli remembryng Marcus Coriolanus and the late Caesar whom bringing an armye likewise and offring verye good conditions of concorde wee rashelye condemned as enimye and of necessitie made him to bee so indéede Let vs beare wyth the people that while earst did stirre againste the strykers of Caesar that we séeme not to hys reproch to giue them prouinces of nations nor prayse Decimus bycause hee despiseth the peoples lawe and condemne Antony bycause hee receyueth Fraunce by the peoples order And it behoueth them that bee of good iudgement to redresse them that goe astraye and the Consuls and Tribunes to prouide for the daungers of the present state Thus dyd Piso speake in defence with cries and sharpe wordes and was the onlye cause why Antony was not iudged a rebell Yet coulde he not obtayne that hee shoulde haue the prouince of Frenche Celtica For the friendes and kinsefolke of the killers for feare did lette it leaste the warre shoulde ceasse and hee bee at one with Octauius and they both reuenge Caesars deathe Wherefore theyr practise and deuise was to kepe Antony and Octauius styll at debate It was decréed that Antony should receiue Macedonie in stead of Lombardie Al other orders eyther of ignoraunce or of purpose they committed to Cicero to appoint and to giue answere to Embassadours He hauing this sentence dyd thus determyne That Antony shoulde streight departe from Modena and leaue Celtica to Decimo and to be within the compasse of the floud Rubicone which diuideth Italie from Lombardie by a daye prefixed and committe all his matters to the Senate Thus Cicero ambitiously and vniustly dyd appointe his determinations not for anye so great priuate enmitie but as it shoulde séeme by destinye that was determined to trouble the state with mutation and bring himselfe to some euill happe in the ende At this instante they were come that broughte the ashes of Trebonius and the despight vsed to him which being throughly knowne the Senate did
easilye decrée Dolabella to bée a rebell When the messengers were come to Antony they were ashamed of their strange commission and sayd nothing but deliuered the decrée vnto him â–ª He with great anger did â—â—ueigh against the Senate Cicero maruelling that they would thinke Caesar a Tyranne or a king that had so muche augmented the state of Rome and not accompte Cicero so whome Caesar toke in warre and yet did not kill whereas Cicero doeth preferre hys killers before his friendes and hated Decimus when he was trusty to Caesar and loued him euer since he was a killer of him would ayde him that only by Caesar kept Celtica iudge hym a rebell that had it by the people To the legions that were assigned by decrée and reuolted the Senate giueth rewarde but none to them that remayne in their duety and so corrupt quoth he the discipline of war not belonging to me but to the Citie To the quellers he could graunt obliuion of the facte to whiche I consente for two noble mennes sake but Antonye and Dolobella hee iudgeth enimyes bycause wee kéepe that was giuen vs for that is the verye cause But if I leaue Celtica I am neither enimy nor tyranne I protest I will dissolue that forgetfulnesse that shall not be verye acceptable to hym Many things after this sorte spake Antony and wrote thys aunswere to the decrée that to the Senate he woulde obey as to hys Countrey but to Cicero that wrote the commaundement thus he spake The people haue giuen me Celtica by lawe Decimus that wil not obey I will remoue and reuenge the matter of murther in hym for all that the Senate may be purged of the â—aulte they be in whereof they be ful for Ciceroes sake to helpe Decimus When Antony had thus saide he wrote it by and by Wherefore the Senate iudged hym an enimy and the armye with him vnlesse they wente from hym Macedonia and Illiria with the armies of both they appointed to Marcus Brutus till the common wealth were brought to better state He had an armye of hys owne and had receyued one of Appuleius He had shippes bothe gallies and hulkes and sixtéen thousand talents of money and greate plenty of armour which he founde in the Citie of Demeatride layde vp there by Caesar all the whiche the Senate confirmed by the decrée that hée mighte vse to the benefit of hys country Syria was by the Senate appoynted to Cassius and commaunded to make warre vppon Dolobella and all that had prouinces or armies of the Romaines from the Ionian Sea to the Easte were charged to obey Brutus and Cassius Wherefore Cassius and Brutus estate was sodainely in great fame When Octauius Caesar vnderstoode these thynges hée was in doubt for where he thought the lawe of Obliuion to procéede of a conuenieÌ„cie of humanitie and a respect of pitie of their kinsfolke that were men in like aucthoritie and therfore had appointed them to prouinces for a shorte tyme for their securitie as Celtica to Decimus to note Antony of Tyranny and by that deuice to induce hym againste Antony Nowe that Dolobella was condemned as a rebell for killing one of the quellers and that mightye nations were giuen in prouince to Erutus and Cassius and manye armies wyth greate speedinâ—â—ie appointed to them with abundaunce of money and that they were made Generalles of all the people from Ionia to India He perceâ—ued that all this tended to the aduauncement of Pompeys parte and to the vtter destruction of Caesars And that the Senate wente aboute to deceyue hym as a youngman the plotte wherof he conceiued in his mynd and that when he was made a Capitaine against Antony it was meant to take his armye from him and that the Consulls being in the fielde there was no néede of any other Capitayne and that onely honours were gyuen to the Souldiours that reuolted from Antony and hys vnhonoured and that this warre would worke his infamy beâ—ng vsed to none other intent of the Senate but to the destruction of Antony He kept the considerations secrete to hymselfe and makâ—ng sacrifice for the charge gyuen hym he thus sayd to hys armye This honour O fellow Souldiours I may thanke you for not onelye nowe but from the tyme you gaue mée power For your sakes the Senate haue gyuen iâ— me and therfore for this also you know I am youre debtor of thankes whiche if the Gods shall gyue vs god lucke I will requite abundantly Thus did he speake to winâ—e hys armye and marched foorth Pansa one of the Consuls lead his army ouer Italy Hirtius the other Consull diuided with Caesar and as he was secretely instructed of the Senate he required in the diâ—ision the two legions that went from Antony bycause they were counted the best Souldiors Caesar did grant euery thing and when they had diuided they encamped togither that wynter At the ende of winter Decimus beganne to lacke victual wherefore Hirtius and Caesar wente to Mutina that Antony shoulde not get from them Decimus armye opprest with famine Antony holding Mutina straighte they with all their forces woulde not fight with hym but tarried for Pansa Diuers skirmishes were made in the whyche thoughe Antony hadde the greater number of horse yet the narrownesse of the fielde and the ditches about the riuers did kéepe backe the multitude of horsemen And thus went the matter at Mutina In Rome in the absence of the Consuls Cicero dydde al as the peoples ruler He assembled the Senate euerye daye hée made prouision of armour compelling workemen without payment He gathered money and putte great impositions vppon Antonies friendes They suffered it patiently to auoide displeasure til Publius Ventidius that had serued vnder Caesar and was friende to Antony could not abide the sharpenesse of Cicero but wente to Caesars habitations where he was well knowne and gotte twoo legions whyche he ledde to Antonie by Rome to take Cicero Great trouble grew of this insomuche as manye wente awaye wyth their wiues and children for feare and Cicero fledde oute of the Cittie whyche when Ventidius knewe hée tourned straighte to Antony and being stepte by Caesar and Hirtius hée wente to Picene where he gathered another legion and stayed to sée what would come The Consull and Caesar séeing that Pansa drew nighe with hys hoste sente Carsâ—leius the leader of Caesars chiefe bande and the Martiall legion to helpe him to passe the straights Antonie dydde not muche care for the passage so he mighte otherwise hinder them and being desirous of the â—ight could not vse his horsemen in the playne bycause of the Fenny place full of ditches He hidde twoo of hys beste legions in the Fenne the waye béeing made by hande and straighte and on both sides couered with réedes Carsuleius all the nighte passing â—hys place by the breake of day was come to the way made with hand With the
Martialls Souldioures and fyue other bandes they wente vppon the made way being cleare of ennimyes and beholde the Fenne on euerye syde and when they sawe the stirring of the réedes and some glittering of tergâ—ts and headpéeces they began to suspect when as the chiefe band of Antony sodainelye appeared afore them The Martiall legion being on both sides beset and hauing no roomth to shifte abroad forbad the newe souldiours to take anye paines wyth them leaste for lacke of experience they shoulde trouble them they placed Caesars thiefe bande againste Antonies and they diuiding themselues to twoo encountred with bothe legions Pansa was Capitaine of the one parte and Carsâ—leius of the other And bycause there was two Fens there was two fights and bycause of the straight place the one could not sée the other and vppon the verye waye the two chiefe bandes beganne another fight betweene themselues Antonies men entended to be reuenged of the Martialls bycause they were fugitiues and to vse them as traytoures The Martialls woulde bée reuenged of them as suspected of theyr fellowes deathes at â—â—unduse Béeyng thus priuie one to anothers doings and that they were the strength of eyther armye they hoped by thys onely feate that the warre woulde be determined The one was ashamed that two legions shoulde be ouercome of one the other sought glorye that one legion shoulde defeate two and so they ioyned battel for anger and emulation â–ª rather of themselues than of their Capitaynes trying now their owne matter And for their experience they neyther made crie as though they had not stroken one another nor in the fight any of them vttered anye voyce neither when he had the better nor when he had the worse They fetched no compasse nor course but stoode firme as in Fennes and ditches where they could not one put another backe but with their shorte swords they clasped togither as in a wrestling place No blowe was giuen in vaine â–ª but either woundes or slaughter followed and only sighes in steede of voice He that fell had straight another putte in hys place There was no néede of exhortation or calling on euerye man by his owne experience was a Captayne to hymselfe And when they had ouerlaboured they woulde staye to take breath as men do in places of exercise and straighte close agayne The young souldiours stoode in a maze to sée thys feate doone with so good order and silence all these continuing beyond mans nature the chiefe band of Caesar was all slaine The Martialls vnder Carsuleius hadde rather the vpper hande of their enimies who not disorderedly but in ray withdrew theÌ„ selues They vnder Pansa dyd abide it out and equally stoode to it on bothe sides till Pansa was wounded with a darte in the belly and was caried to bononia Then they at the firste retyred in order but after they turned more swiftely as flying which when the yong Souldiours sawe they fled with confusion and crie to the campe which Torquatus the Pretor had prouided whyles they were fightyng foreséeing the néede of it to the whiche the new Souldiours ran with great violence beyng Italians as well as the Martials but exercise maketh them of one nation so much to differ in vertue The Martials dyd not enter the trench for dishonour but stoode before it and weary though they were remayned ready to resist any assaulte and to abide the ende of the matter Antony dyd not touche the Martialles bycause he knewe them valiant but the young Souldiours he chased and made greate slaughter among them Hirtius at Mutina hearyng of the fight beyng aboute eyght myles distant came in baste with the other legion that was fled from Antony The sunne was now goyng downe and Antonies Souldiours hauing the victory went singing to their camp Hirtius appeared to them he beyng in good order with one legion sounde and valiante and they out of order Wherefore of necessitie they placed themselues in due sort and shewed many valiant and noble feates but although they were coragious yet beyng weary they were ouercome of the other that were freshe and the most parte slayne of Hirtius in this feate albeit he did not folow them for feare of the Fennes and the night comming on did seuer them The Fenne in most places was filled with harnesse and dead men and with half dead and wounded They that were safe dispaired of themselues for wearinesse But the horsemen of Antony rode about al night and gathered them togither some they caried themselues some they brought home on horsebacke some they badde take holde by the horse tayle to goe the faster and séeke to saue themselues Thus Antony hauyng fought very nobly loste his force by the commyng of Hirtius wherefore he abode in a village in the fielde without a campe The Village is called French Market The halfe of eyther syde was slayne and Câ—sâ—rs bande of his person vtterly destroyed Of Hirtiâ—s Souldioures few were left all the which the nexte morning remoued their Camps to Mutina After this losse Antony determined no more to giue battell to hys enimies nor to admitte any attempt to the same but with his Horsemen only to molest them daye by day till he had gotten Decimus to yéelde being driuen by hunger For this cause Hirtius and Caesar the rather prouoked hym to fight and whereas they did perceyue that Antony woulde not come forth keeÌ„pyng his men in order they went to the other side of the Citie whych bicause it was the harder to approch was the lesse kept y with their whole army they myght enter by force Antony made resistance only with his horsemen but they being put backe by other horse and the army passing as it would Antony was afraid â–ª of the Citie and brought forth two legious They glad of thys retired and foughte with them and whilest Antony from other campes sent for mâ—â— legions as in a troubled time of so greate and suddayne attempt the whiche being long a comming Caesars men ouerthrew Antonies in the fight and Hirtius droue Antony to his Campe where fighting manfully before Antonies Tente he was slayn whose body Caesar louing â–ª in great spéed recouered and gote the Campe till shortlye hée was repulsed by Antony Both of them watched all night in armoure Antony being fallen with this seconde losse streighte after the battell called hys friends to counsell They thought according to his former meaning to kéepe still the sâ—â—ge at Mâ—dena and not to come to anye fight for both the losses were like Hirtius slayne and Pansa hurte In Horsemen he the better and Mutina broughte to extreame want must needes shortly giue ouer Thus his friends thoughte good and it was best indede but Antoniâ— God now striking him was afraide least Caesar shoulde procéede to the obteyning of the Citie as he did the day before or by making walles entrenche hym hauing many pioners for the purpose and then his Horse should do him no good he
said Lepidus and Plancus wil despite me as one ouercome but if we goe froÌ„ Modena Veâ—tidius wil streight come to vs with thrée legions from the marches of Anâ—onâ—â— and then being so strong Lepidus and Plâ—ncus will take my part Thus he said and as a man not afrayde in perils he leuyed his séege and went straight toward the Alpes When Decimus was delyuered of the séege he began to feare Caesar as an enimie bycause both Consuls were now gone wherefore he make the bridges of the riuer before day sent to him both acknowledging hym the author of his safetie and prayed him that hauing the floude betwixte them he woulde come to a talke with witnesse of Citizens where he would let him vnderstand that very wicked Fortune forced him to conspire against Caesar being thereto driuen of other Octauius angerly aunswered the messengers refusing the thankes that Decimus gaue him for I quoth he came not to saue Decimus but to ouerthrow Antonie with whome to be reconcyled there is no reason but to come to spéech or fighte of Decimus his nature abhorred it let him therefore kéepe himselfe so long as it shall so séeme to them of the Citie When Decimus heard this not being farre from the floud he called to Caesar by name and with a loude voyce redde vnto him the Senates letters by the which they had giuen him the prouince of Celticaâ— And he forbad also Caesar that without the Consuls he shoulde not passe the bridge into any others prouince nor follow Antonie for he was able ynough to do it Octauius séeyng him in such boldnesse by the Senate when he mighte by his commission haue taken him hée spared him and wente to Bononia to Pansa from whence he wrote to the Senate of all things and so did Paâ—sâ— whose letters Cicero did reade to the people of Rome as from the Consull but Caesars were redde to the Senate onely There was decréed generall Processions of fiftie dayes agaynste Antonie the like whereof was not done of the Romaines neyther for the warre of Fraunce nor none other battayle The Consulles armyes were appoynted to Decimus Pansa béeyng yet aliue but not lyke to scape and Decimus made generall alone agaynste Antonie and publike Prayers were made that Decimus myghte ouercome Antonie so greate an hate and displeasure was growen agaynste Antonie â—o the two legions that fledde from Antony was confirmed to euery Souldiour accordyng to the former promise fiue thousand Dâ—ammes of the common treasure as to Souldiours of conquest and it was graunted them in solemne feastes to weare a crowne of Dâ—â—ue leaues Of Octauius nothing was mentioned not so much as his name so soone dyd they contemne him as though Antony had bene vtterly destroyed They wrote also to Leptâ—â—â— â—â—â—â—cus and Asinius to fight with Antony when they should â—â—â—â—gh hym These were done in Rome Pansa beyng at poynt of death by reason of his wounde said thus to Caesar sittyng by him 〈…〉 is a friende to thy father as to my selfe whome I coulde not â—â—â—eage beyng slayne not able to resiste so many whome thou also haste done wisely to obey although thou haddest an armie They at the firste fearyng thée and Antony a manne moste ambitious and enclinyng towarde Caesars sentence haue bene content to suffer you to be at variance and consume your selues and when they sawe that thou wast Lorde of an army as iyong man they set thée foorth with some countenance and slender honours After thou wast stronger and of more estimation and that thou wouldest not recerue the autoritie vnder the army that they gaue thée they were troubled and they appoynted thée to ioyne with vs that wée mighte take from thée the twoo legions which were moste practised hopyng that if any of you were ouercome the other alone shoulde be the more weaker and after hym destroy al Caesars friendes and set vp Pompeys This was the summe of the determination I and Hirtius haue done our coÌ„mission to represse Antony that grewe into suspition Now that he is ouercome wae thought it beste for thée to be at one with him doyng thée this benefite â–ª in remembraunce of Caesars amitie onely that whiche we supposed will further thy felicitie in tyme to come Afore this time to haue giuen thée this Consell had not benefitte but nowe that Antony is broken Hirtius dead and I not like to liue oportunitie serueth to speake not that thou shouldest thanke me when I am dead but that thou beyng borne to great felicitie as thy déedes do shewe mightest knowe what is beste for thée and the chayse and destiny of Hirtius and mée The armye that thou gauest vs we thinke it most fitte to gyue thée agayne and so we do The yong Souldyoures if thou couldest keepe I would also giue thée but it would much offende the Senate bycause the officers of them were sent as kéepers to vs and it would worke thâ—â— enuâ—e and put thée to more trouble than néedes therefore Torquatus the Pretor shall haue them When he had thus sayd and deliuered them to Torquatus he dyed and they as the Senate commaunded were sent to Decimus Caesar deliuered Hirtius and Pansa to their funerall with greate honor and sent them to Rome with great shew In Syria and Macedonia at this time diuers things happened Iulius Caesar when he passed by Syria left a Legion there mynding then to go against the Parthians Cecilius Bassus had the charge thereof but Iulius Sextus a yong man and allyed to Caesar had the dignitie who ledde the legion without order to delitious and licentious life the which when Bassus reproued he vsed him wyth despightefulnesse and Bassus againe calling him and he grudging at it he commaunded he should by force be broughte before him At the which wheÌ„ tumult and fray was made the army not bearing this despighte killed Iulius whereof they streighte repented theÌ„ for feare of Caesar Then making oth one to another that vnlesse forgiuenesse and faith were giuen them they woulde fyght to deathe and compelling Bassus to that oth they gathered another legion trayned them to their exercise Thus some do write of Bassus But Libo writeth that Bassus was of Pompeys parte and after the battayle liued priuately in Tyro where he did corrupte some of the Legion who killed Sextus and after obeyed Bassus But howsoeuer the matter wente â–ª they valiantly resisted Sextius Murcus that was sente of Caesar with thrée Legions till Murcus did call to Minutius Crassus that was ruler of Bythinia who came into his ayde with thrée other Legions and when Bassus was beséeged of these Cassius came in great hast and receyued by and by the two legions of Bassus and also wanne the fire legions that beséeged him by friendship who obeyed him as vnder-Consul For as I sayd before it was decréed that all should obey Cassius and Brutus Albienus at that time being sente of Dâ—lobella
Captains they making no accompte of their commaundemente made a bridge of boats ouer the riuer that they mighte the better come togither and the legion called the tenth sometime wont to bée led of Antonie prepared for him in their tenâ—s Laterensis one of the noble Senatoures perceyuing thys opened the matter to Lepidus who giuing no credite to hym willed the armye to bée diuided into diuerse partes as to be sent to diuers vses to trie their treason or faith Lepidus deuided them into thrée and commaunded them in the nightâ— that they shoulde conduct a Treasourer of the armye that was comming at hand They passing the last watch and arming themselues as to a iorney went to the strongest parte of the campe and opened the gates to Antony who ranne into Lepidus Tentes all the armye bringing hym and praying Lepidus of mercie and peace for the afflicted Citizens Lepidus leapte oute of hys bed without his clothes and promysed so to doâ— and embracing Antony excused the necessitie Some saye he dydde knéele to Antonie as one that was a cowarde and of small experience the whyche all writers doâ— not allowe nor I thinke it to be probable for hée hadde done no parte of an ennimye againste Antony whereby he should bée asrayde of hym Thus Antony was risen agayne to greate power and béecame moste fearefull vnto his ennimyes for hee hadde the Armye that hée ledde from Modena hée hadde receyued thrée legions by the waye of Ventidius and newe hadde the fellowshippe of Lepidus wyth seauen legions armed wyth all kynde of furniture and preparation requisite Lepidus bare the name among them but Antonie had the direction of all When this was shewed at Rome a maruellous and suddayne mutation of mindes followed some from greate boldenesse fell to feare some from great feare were lifted vppe to courage The decrées of the tenne men were broken wyth spighte and the creation of Consulles was instantelye called for The Senate stoode in doubte what to doe and feared that Caesar and Antonie woulde agrée They sente secreatelye Lucius and Pansa to Brutus and Cassius as to viewe publique playes that they sette foorthe in Grecia and secreatlye required them that as soone as might bée they woulde come to helpe them From Libya they called twoo of the thrée legions vnder Sâ—xtius and the thirde they commaunded to be gyuen to Cornificiuâ— that was ruler of the other Libya that obeyed the Senate They were afrayde of these when they remembred they hadde serued vnder Iulius Caesar and were enclined to hys doings This doubtefulnesse droue them to this pointe that bycause they feared newe Caesar woulde consente wyth Antonie they chose hym agayne verye vnfitlye lieutenaunte vnder Detimus but Caesar for anger as continuallye vsed with dispight stirred his armye that they shoulde be sente to a néedye iorney before they were paide the fyue thousande drammes promised them for the fyrste and counselled them to sende to the Senate for it and they sent the Captaines of the bandes The Senate knowing wherefore they were taughte to come aunswered they woulde sende their Ambassadoures vnto them whome they thus instructed That they shoulde priuatelye speake to the twoo legions that wente from Antonie and teache them not to putte their truste in one but in the Senate onelye whose power was eternall and that they shoulde goe to Decimus whither they woulde sende them theyr money and pretended they hadde readye to gyue them the one halfe and that tenne men shoulde be appointed for the payment not namyng Caesar for the eleuenth The Messengers bycause the legions would not be spoken to without Caesar returned in vaine Caesar woulde no more haue other to speake to the Souldioures nor tarrye anye longer but himselfe wente to the armye béeyng assembled and shewed what despight the Senate had done him and that they ment to destroy euerye one of Caius Caesars friendes He badde them beware of them that woulde haue them tourne to a Capitayne by sentence of gods iudged an ennimy and so from one ennimye to another eyther to bée vtterlye destroyed or to be at debate among themselues for the feate at Mutina being common rewarde is onelye appointed to twoo legions to worke strife and discorde among them You knowe quoth hée why Antonie is persecuted and what the Pompeyans haue propounded in Rome agaynste them that haue receyued giftes by Caesars appointement What truste can you haue eyther of the lande or the money that hée gaue you or of my safetye so long as the kyllers kinsemen doe beare rule in the Senate As for my selfe I am readye to take suche ende as shall happen vnto me and it shall be myne honoure to suffer for my fathers defence but for you so manye and so worthye men my whole care is béeyng in perill for my fathers sake and mine You know that I am cleare from al ambition since I refused the authoritie that you woulde haue giuen me with the ceremonies of a Magistrate Nowe I see that boâ—â—e oure safeties doeth consist if I be of you declared Consull for so shall the things be made sure vnto you that my father hathe giuen you the landes and habitations that be due vnto you you shall obtaine and all youre giftes to the vttermoste and I séeking the punishment of the strihers will wyth you dispatche our other enimies When hée hadde thus saide the armye chearefully made a noise and sent the Capitaines againe to Rome to require the Consulshippe for Caesar When the Senate obiected against hys age the Captaines as they were instructed saide that in olde tyme Coruinus was Consull before hys tyme and after hym Scipio bath the firste and the seconde and by their youth the Countrey was aduaunced Comming to later tyme they broughte forth Pompey and Dolobella and Caesar himselfe to whom it was graunted to be Consull tenne yeares béefore hys tyme. The Capitaines speaking thus with much boldenesse some of the Senatoures coulde not abide that they béeyng but band-leaders should vse suche frée spéech before the Senate and rebuked them as menne more insolent than became Souldioures duety When the whole armye heard this they were more angry and desired they might straighte be led to the Cittie that they might make Caesars sonne a Consull by a famous election whose father they extolled with immortall praise When Octauius sawe this vehemencie by and by from that assemblye he marched forward with eight legions of footemeÌ„ and a sufficient number of horsemen and all prouision accordingly and when he was paste the floude Rubicone from Celtica into Italy as his father did afore wheÌ„ he moued ciuil war he deuided his army into ij parts y one he commauÌ„ded to follow at leysure the other and the better he toke with him made much spéede minding to take them vnprouided He met with part of the money that the Senate had sent the souldiours for a rewarde and being afrayde of
of Caesars inheritaunce vnto hym Then he came into the Cittie as Consul and sacrifised And there appeared to him twelue Gripes as did to Romulus when he builded the Cittie The sacrifices being ended hée gaue himselfe in adoption to his father according to the lawe Curiate that is â–ª to be confirmed in adoption by the people For the Romaines call Curias companies or wardes of the people deuided as the Grecians do call Phratriae fellowshippes and Fraterâ—iâ—ies This vse among the Romaines was most effectuall in the lawe for them that be without fathers and they may as well as Legitimate children commaunde the kinsefolke and frée made men of them that doe adopte them And it was one of Caius Caesars glories that he had manye riche frée made men and chiefly for this cause peraduenture thys Caesar in his first adoption by testament had néede of this also He dissolued by a newe lawe that Dolobella shoulde not be iudged a rebell and that the lawe mighte procéede for Caesars killing wherefore accusations were written agaynste them by Caesars friends to them as strikers to the other as priuie only for thys was obiected againste some of them and to some bycause they woulde not be seene when Caesar was kylled And to all these a day certayne was assigned by Proclamation when they shoulde appeare to make their annswere all the whiche fayling at the day Caesar himselfe markyng the iudgementes none was parâ—â—â—ed of the faulte but one noble man who then had no hurte but shortly after was condemned to deathe wyth the other And at thys tyme Q. Gallius brother to Marius Gallius Antonyes friende béeyng a Pretor in the Citie dyd desire of Caesar the Lieutenantshippe of Libya whyche when he hadde obteyned he wroughte wyles agaynste Caesar The other Pretors depriued him of hys office and the people and the Senate condemned him to deathe Caesar commaunded hym to goe to hys brother that was wyth Antony and when he had taken Shyppe to goe he was neuer séene after When Caesar had done these greate things he enclined to pacification with Antony When he had hearde that Brutus â–ª hadde twenty LegioÌ„s against that which he would haue Antonyes help he wente out of the Citie towarde the Ionian Sea and makyng small iourneys be tarried to sée what the Senate would do Pedius when Caesar was gone perswaded that before grudge should growe to extremitie they woulde agrée Antony and Lepidus And although they perceyued that this agréement was not for theyr sake nor for their Countrey but onely to helpe Caesar agaynste Brutus and Cassius yet did they by necessitie determine it and reuoked the sharp decrées made against Antonie and Lepidus and all the Souldioures vnder them and to sende them other more fauourable for the whyche Caesar wrote his letters of congratulation vnto them and promised to helpe Antonie againste Decimus if néede were The Senate vsed lyke friendly manner reward him and gaue him their harty thaÌ„kes and Antonie wrote that he would plague Decimus for Caesar and Plâ—nâ—â—â— for himselfe and ioyne with Caesar Thus they wrote one to another Whilest Antonie pursued Decimus Asinius Pollio came vnto him with two Legions and practised to haue him pacifyed wyth Plancus and Plancus with thrée Legions agréed with Antony in so muche as nowe Antony hadde a most myghtie power Decimus hadde tenne Legions whereof foure moste warlike being féebled with hunger were yet vexed with sickenesse Of newe taken there was syxe Legions but vnexperte and fearefull Wherefore Decimus doubting to fyghte determined to flée to Brutus into Macedonia and not to passe by the Mountaynes but by Rauenna and Aquileia And bycause Caesar was comming that waye hée tooke a longer and an harder iourney to passe by Rene and goe to the wilde places of barbarous people where the newe Souldioures oppressed with wante and heate forsooke hym and wente to Caesar and after them the foure Legions of older Souldioures wente to Antony Then to the other multitude the Frenche Horsemen men béeyng the gard of hys person only except he gaue leaue if they woulde to goe euery man to hys owne and gaue them such golde as he hadde so as when he came to the Rene he had but thrée hundred where bycause the passage was hard they all forsooke hym saue a fewe whyche fewe also shortly dyd leaue hym and wyth tenne onely changing hys garmente lyke a French man whose language he coulde speake he wente forthe as one of that nation not with haâ—ty iourneys but easlie to Aquileia thynking with so fewe he myghte wel escape but béeyng taken of Théeues and bounde he asked what Prince was Lorde of that parte they sayde Camillus He muche estéemyng the name of Camillus desired he myght be broughte to hym who when he sawe hym in apparance spake fayre to hym and rebuked the takers that without regard hadde so euill entreated so noble a man but priuily he sent vnto Antony and Antony moued with the mutation coulde not abyde to sée him but willed Camillus to kyll hym and sende hym hys head whyche when he sawe he commaunded it to be buryed Thys ende hadde Decimus a Captayne of Caesars Horsemen â—na by hym made Ruler of olde France and for the yeare to come elected Consull and Gouernoure of the other Fraunce and was the seconde of the kyllers that nexte Trebonius was punished a yeare and a halfe after Caesars deathe And this verye tyme Minutius Basillâ—s one of Caesars quellers also was killed of hys owne seruauntes bycause he had made some of them Eunuches for punishmente ⸪ The ende of the thirde Booke of Ciuill dissentions ¶ The fourth Booke of Appiane of Alexandria of the Ciuill dissentions of Rome THus two of Caesars killers being ouerthrowen in their prouinces had their punishment Trebonius in Asia and Decimus in Celtica Nowe how Cassius and Brutus chiefe of the conspiracie against Caesar were plagued being Lordes of all the lande betwéene Syria and Macedonia hauing mighty power both by Sea and land with twenty armed legtons besyde Horsemen and Shyppes and money at wyll thys fourth Booke of Ciuill discorde shal declare And with the same the inquisitions and the searchers of them that were appoynted to dye by proscription and the lamentable afflictions on euerye syde suche as neyther among the Greeke seditions or tumultes nor among the Romaines themselues hadde bin done by any remembrance sauing onely of Sylla who was the fyrste that by Proclamation condemned hys foes to dye for Marius did onely séeke to punishe them whome he founde but Sylla with greate rewardes and lyke punishmentes of them that did conceale proscribed menne to be 〈◊〉 as they were caughte What Marius and Sylla dyd it is shewed before in that matter nowe the rest shall follow in order Caesâ—r and Antonie of enimies were made friendes aboute the Citie of Modene in a little playne Ilande of the floude Labâ—â—â—â— eache of
speciall daye appoynted for voyces to be vsed Out of hande the lawe tooke place and that nyghte condemnations of thirtis besyde the seauentéene and of one hundred more were sette vp in many places of the Citie and shortlye after another hundred and fiftie and euer some were added more in the booke to them that were firste condemned or kylled as by ignorance that it myghte bée thoughte they were worthy to dye It was ordered that all theyr heads shoulde be brought to the thrée men and a rewarde appoynted A frée mans rewarde was syluer a Seruantes libertie and syluer and who receyued a condemned man or concealed or hindred the search should bée punished with lyke payne and euery man myghte declare agaynste whome hée woulde for the same rewarde The Proclamation was after thys sorte And that all men should suffer their priuate places to be searched Marcus Lepidus Marcus Antonius and Octauius Caesar chosen reformers and directoures of the Common wealthe saye thus If the vnfaythfull euill disposed menne hadde not bene pitied when they néeded and being so had not become enimies of their benefactours and after coÌ„spired against them they had not slayne Caesar whome he tooke by warre and saued by mercy accompted them friends and plentifully aduaunced them with offices honours and giftes nor we should haue ben compelled thus violently to vse them that haue with suche despite made proclamations of treason against vs but now by their euill meanings towarde vs their worse working toward Caesar perceyuing that by humanitie their malice is made obstinate we haue chosen rather to preuent them than to be taken tardy of them Let no man thinke our act vniust cruell or to sore considering what Caesar what we haue suffered at their handes Caesar being chief ruler and prince of holy things Conquerour and ouerthrower of nations most terrible to the Romaines and the first man that beyond Hercules pillers did proue the sea not sayled before and founde lande vnknowen to the Romanes in the middest of the sacred place called the Senate house in the sight of the goodes they haue enâ—ioâ—sly killed with xxiâ—â— woundes whom he tooke prisoners in warre and not onely saued their liues but made some of them heyres of his liuing The reste of them through the same wicked purpose haue sente these detestable offendours in stéede of punishment to the rule of Prouinces and armies whiche they abuse in spoyling of common treasure in gatheryng one army against vs of them and requiring an other of the Barbarians alwayes enimies to this state Certaine Citties belongyng to the Romanes refusing to obey them â–ª they haue burned spoyled or rased others oppressed with their terrible threatnings they force agaynst their countrey and vs Wée haue already punished some of them and by the helpe of God ye shall soone sée the rest haue their iâ—ste deserte The greatest matters touchyng Spayne Fraunce and here at home we haue at our commaundement well dispatched Neuerthelesse wée haue an harde and sharpe worke in hande to make warre agaynst the murderers of Caesar that â—e beyonde the seas and bicause wée shall make this warre abrode we do not thinke it sure neyther for vs nor for you to leaue enimies at home that mighte disturbe vs in our absence and wayfe theyr times as the warre shoulde haue successe neyther to make any delay in this hasty expedition but rather to ridde them at ones they hauyng begonne the warre agaynst vs and iudged vs and our armies traytours to our Countrie not regardyng neyther the enuy of manne nor the reuengment of God in destroying so many millions of their Citizens Wée are not offended agaynst the multitude nor will take them all as enimies that haue bene so to vs nor altogither weigh riches substaunce or dignities nor kill so many as an other chiefe ruler haue done before vs who redressed the Citie in lyke Ciuill dissentions whome for his lucky doings you did call Happie although there muste néedes be more enimies to thrée than one but onely the worste and moste wicked sorte as well for you as for our selfes wée entende to correct otherwise by our contentions you all betwéene vs muste néedes be vtterly destroyed and of necessitie our armie that hath bene so iniuried and despighted as they haue bene proclaimed publique enimies must néedes some way be comforted at our hande And where as wée mighte lay handes vppon the condemned where wée woulde yet we thought it better to pronounce them than at all aduentures to oppresse them and that for your sake least the rage of the Souldiours mighte exceede vppon them that are not touched and that their names beyng comprehended in a certayne number they might leaue the rest by the decrée Then that good Fortune may come by them that be conteyned in this wryting Lette no manne receyue any manne nor hyde nor sende away nor be wonne for money For if any doe saue helpe or be founde pryuye him will we without all excuse and parâ—â—â—ie put among the condemned sorte Of them that shall dryng the heades of suche as they shall kyll before vs a frée manne shall haue xxv thousand drammes of Athens for euery heade a seruaunt shall haue hys lybertie and tenne thousande and hys Maysters place in the Cittie and the same shall they haue that shall enforme and none of theyr names that receyue these rewardes shall bée noted in our bookes that they may not be knowen This was the proclamation of the thrée men as I coulde translate it out of Latine into Gréeke Lepidus was the firste that dyd condemne and the firste of the condemned was Paulus his brother The second that did condemne was Antony and the second that was condemned was his vncle Lucius for they firste condemned these as enimies The thirde and the fourth was of them whiche in an other booke were appoynted to be Consuls in tyme to come Plotius brother to Plancus and Quintus Father in lawe to Asinius and these were not the rather putte before other bycause of theyr dignitie onely but as muche for terrour and desperation that none shoulde hope to be saued Thoranius was among the coÌ„demned men who as some say was Tutor to Caesar By and by after these coÌ„demnations the gates were kept and all other passages and portes of the Cittie Fennes also and Moores and any other place suspected to bée fitte to flée vnto or for them that fledde to be hydden in The Capitaynes of the bandes were commaunded to raunge the fieldes abroade and to searche diligently and all this was done at once Forthwith bothe in the countrie and the Cittie as mennâ— were taken there was greate suddayne slaughter and diuerse kyndes of murders cuttings off of heads to be shewed for rewardes sake Then was there hasty fleyng and vnséemely sight of them that before were goodly to be séene some leapte into puddles some into ditches and sinckes most vncleane some got vppe to the smoky
souldioure to be good to the women He angerly answering him as a Colier knew him notwithstanding for he hadde serued vnder him once in Syria and sayde goe boldly O Captayne for so it becommeth me yet to call thée Scoponius wife obteyned him of Antony and béeyng till that time of good fame did now heale one euill fortune with another Geta his sonne made a fire in the open parte of his house to burie his father that séemed to be dead whome he had hidde in a house in the Countrey newe made where the olde man disguising hymselfe layde a parchment before hys eyes and after the agréement was made he tooke away the parchment but founde his eye out for lacke of vse Oppius sonne minding to tarrie with his olde féeble father bare him on his backe till he was past the gates and the rest of the way partly leading him and partly bearing him he broughte hym safe to Cicelie no man suspecting or troubling the manner of it As they wright that Aeneas was reuerenced of his enimies when he bare his Father Anchises The people of Rome commendyng the young manne caused that afterwarde he was made Chamberlayne of the Citie And bycause hée coulde not beare the charges of his office for that hys goodes were confiscate the artificers fréely gaue hym to supply the same And the people that behelde hys shewes did euery man caste so muche money into the game place as they made him riche Arianus caused to be grauen on his Sepulchre by hys Testament thus Him that lieth here his sonne that was not proscribed did hide being condemned and â—â—eyng with him saued his life Metellus the Father and the Sonne the Father was a Captayne vnder Antonie at Actio â–ª where he was taken prysoner and vnknowen his Sonne serued Caesar and was a Capitaine at the same fielde When Caesar did gyue sentence vppon the captiues at Samo the yong man was presente The olde manne being brought foorth all forlorne with long heare miserie and wante and all transformed by the same when in order of the captiues he was called of the crier hys Sonne lepte from hys seate and embraced his Father whome he scarsly knew with teares and when he had ceased from sorowe hée sayde to Caesar This hath bene thine enimie O Caesar and I thy friende him thou muste punishe and me rewarde I desire thée to saue my Father for mée or lette me die for hym Euery man takyng pittie Caesar commaunded Metellus to be saued though he were hys very enimie and afore despysing many gyftes to be drawne from Antonie The seruauntes of Marcius with good loue and Fortune all the tyme of the proscription dyd kéepe hym within hys house till feare set aside Marcius came out of his house as from banishment Hirtius wyth hys menne fléeyng the Cittie wente aboute Italie deliuered prysoners and gathered them togither that fledde and tooke townes a few at the firste after moe in number till he had a sufficient armie and ouercame a parte of the Brutâ—â—ns from whence sendyng his army he sayled with them al to Pompey Restio that thoughte he fledde alone a Seruaunte followed hym secretelye beeyng broughte vppe of hym and aforetyme well vsed but after for euill conditions branded When Restio rested in a Fenne and did sée this Seruaunte so nighe hym he was afrayde to whome the Seruaunte sayde that hée did not so much remember his present brandes as hée dyd his former benefites and so caused hym so repose in a caue and prouided meate for hym as well as hée couldeâ— and after that the Cane was suspected and Souldyours drewe nighe to Restio where hée was the Seruaunte perceyuyng the matter followed and killed an olde man that passed by and cutte off hys heade the Souldiours beyng angrye and commyng aboute to take the killer hée sayde I haue kylled my Mayster Restio that gaue mée these brandes They tooke the heade to haue the rewarde and caryed it in vayne into the Citie The Seruaunt comforted bye Mayster and sayled with hym into Sicelie Appion restyng in a stable the Souldiours sought hym his seruaunt put on his garment and lay vppon his bedde and willingly receyued death for hys Mayster he sittyng by him in the forme of a seruaunt Memmius house was soughte of the Souldiours one of whose Seruauntes wente into a litter hys fellowes bearyng hym as he hadde bene theyr Maister and béeyng taken he was contente to die for his Maister who fledde into Sicelie Iunius hadde a frée made manne Philemon who hadde a fayre house where hée kepte hys Mayster in a vaughte in whiche they are woonte to laye Harnesse Money or Wrytinges and fedde hym in the nyghte tyll the Peace was made An other frée made man kéepyng the Sepulchre of hys Master did also preserue his Maisters Sonne in the same graue togither with his Father Lucretius wanderyng with twoo faythfull seruauntes for lacke of meate returned to hys wyfe beyng borne in a litter of hys seruauntes into the Citie as a sicke man when it happened that one of the seruaunts had broken hys legge hée wente on with the other tyll hée came to the gates where hys Father afore beyng proscrybed of Sylla was taken The Souldiours commyng aboute hym hée was muche afrayde for the lucke of the place wherefore hée fledde with a seruaunte and was hydde of hym in a graue and chaunsing that robbers of Sepulchers dyd searche graues the seruaunt offered hymselfe to bée spoyled of the robbers whyles the maister fledde to the gates and tarried tyll hys seruaunt came to hym whose garmentes hée put on and wente to hys wyfe vnder whose care beyng kepte hée was hidde betwene twoo beames till hée was pardoned by meanes made for him of some to the thrée menne And after peace was made he had the office of a Consull Sergius was hydde of Antonie hymselfe tyll hée hadde perswaded Plancus the Consull to proclayme hys reuocation agayne In the dissention of Caesar and Antonie when Antonie was declared enimye of the Senate hée onely openly gaue voyce for hys acquitall And thus these were saued Pomponius decked hymselfe lyke a Pretor and hys seruants lyke the Sergeaunts and so went thorough the Citties wyth his maces and Officers rounde aboute hym that hée should not bée knowne and at the gates hée tooke publyque coaches and wente thorough Italie euery manne receyuyng hym and sendyng to hym as a Pretor appoynted of the thrée menne to make truce wyth Pompey to whome also hée came in a publike Galley Apuleius and Aruntius counterfaiting themselues to be Capitaynes and their seruauntes Souldiours ranne to the gates as Capitaynes and pursued others and by the way they deliuered prysoners and receyued suche as came to them so as eyther of them had a sufficient bande with Ensignes and armour and sheâ—â—e of an army And chancing that by diuerse wayes they went toward the Sea
they bothe camped in one hil with great feare lookyng one to another In the mornyng not hauyng cléere sight and thinkyng that eyther of them had bene sente to destroy the other they fought it out very fiercely tyll they knewe the truthe Then repenting that déede they threw away their weapoÌ„s and wayled that fortune shoulde be so contrarie to them and tooke shippe the one saylyng to Brutus the other to Pompey And he went on with Pompey and the other vnder Brutus was president of Bythinia and when Brutus was dead deliuered it to Antonie and was saued A seruaunt of Ventidius when he was firste condemned put him in fetters as though he woulde haue deliuered hym to the killers in the night he perswaded hys felowes and cladde them lyke Souldiours and his mayster lyke a Capitaine and wente out lyke a bande appoynted and brought his mayster out of the Citie passing through Italy into Sicelie many tymes méeting other Capitaynes that sought Ventidius Another hidde hys mayster in a Sepulchre and when hée coulde not abyde the fearfulnesse of fansie in the Sepulchre hée hidde him in an homely house nyghe the whiche a Souldiour dwellyng he coulde not abyde that feare neyther Wherefore turnyng from feare to extréeme boldenesse he shaued hys head and played the schoolemayster in Rome till the truce Volutius being Aedile was condemned He hauyng friendship with a Priest of Isis borowed a stole and a vesture downe to the foote and put on a dogges heade and in that maner of furious seruice passed safe to Pompey The Calenians dyd kéepe Sittius the Citizen that had liberally spent of his substance vpon them with weapons warded him rebuking his seruants kéeping the soldiours froÌ„ the walles till the furye béeyng paste they sent to the thrée men for him and obtayned that Sittius excluded from the rest of Italy should remaine in his countrey So Sittius is the firste and onelye man that as a straunger was an outlawe in his owne countrey Varrâ— a Philosopher and a writer of Histories hauing doone good seruice in the warres and in place of a Lieutenaunt and therefore peraduenture as an ennimie to the Monarchie was condemned His friends béeyng desirous to receiue him and contending for hym Calenus obtay ned hym and kept him at his Vineyarde whither Antony came sometyme to walke and yet neuer a one within did bewraye Varro neyther of hys owne seruaunts or of Calenus Virginius an eloquentman taughte his seruauntes that if they kylled him for a little money and that with danger they shoulde get hate and at length be in great feare but if they saued him they should win sure glory good hope and hereafter money muche more abundant and certaine Wherefore they fled with him as with their fellowe seruaunte and in the way béeing knowne they fought with the souldiours and he being taken of them tolde them also that they woulde not kill hym for anye malice but for onelye hope of money which they shoulde haue more iustlye and plentifullye if they would go with hym to the sea where quoth he my wife hathe a shippe with mony They being persuaded brought hym to the sea his wife as shée was appointed came to the sea and bycause hir husbande tarryed thinking he had bin gone to Pompey she went hir way leauing a seruaÌ„t on shore to she whim so WheÌ„ Virginius was come the seruant ranne vnto him and shewed him where his shippe sayled what his Maistresse said of the money and that he was left behinde to tell him The souldiours perceiuing al to be true Virginius desired them to staye til he might call his wife backe or goe with him to hir for their mony They tooke a boate and with great labour rowed him into Sicelie where receyuing their promise they woulde not goe from him but tarryed with him till the ende A certaine Marrinet receyued Rebulus into a shippe to goe into Sicelie and required his mony which if he had not he would accuse him that he didde as Themistocles did when he fledde that is threatned he would accuse him for receyuing him for mony wherefore the Mariner was afrayde and broughte him vnto Pompey Murcus being a Lieutenante vnder Brutus was condemned and when Brutus was ouercome he was taken and made himselfe as a seruant whome Barbula bought and perceyuing him to be apte made him chiefe of his fellowes and gaue him money to bestowe and when he sawe him still more wise and diligent than the common nature of seruantes he put him in hope that if he were one of the proscribed men he woulde saue him if he woulde confesse it He denying it earnestly and declaring his stocke his name and former maysters he caried him to Rome thinking if he had bene a condemned man he woulde haue refused to goe But he followed chéerefully and being at the gates of the Consuls house a friend of Barbulas that saw Murcus in â—eruile maner wayting vpon him did secretly tell him in his eare He by Agrippa obteined of Caesar that Murcus was pardoned and remained friende to Caesar Not long after it happened that he was a Captaine in the warre againste Antonie at Actio and Barbula was a Capitayne of Antonies where fortune came about to bothe alike For when Antonie was ouerthrowen he was taken and counterfeyted to be a seruant whome Murcus bought as ignorant But shewing all to Caesar he obteyned hys pardon and so requited his former benefit To these fortune was like on both sides and so continued for they were officers togither in one dignitie at Rome Balbinus fléeing and retourning with Pompey and being made Consull it hapned that Lepidus of so great a Prince being made a priuate man by Caesar came to this necessitie y when Maecenas did accuse Lepidus his sonne of conspiracie against Caesar and also accused the mother as consenting to hir sonne and Lepidus himselfe as a weake man he despised the sonne he sent to Caesar to Actio for the mother bicause she was a woman and not to be â—aryed he required suretie to be putte before the Consull But when no man would be hir suretie Lepidus wayted many times at Balbinus dores and comming where he sate in Judgemente and being ofte repulsed of the officers at length with much ado he spake thus The accusers do confesse mine innocencie affirming that I am neyther consenting to my wife nor my sonne I didde not proscribe thée when I was one of the Proscribers Haue respect vnto the chaunces of the worlde and to me that attende vpon thée giue this grace that eyther my wife may goe to Caesar vpon my suretie or I be bounde to goe with hyr Whiles Lepidus spake this Balbinus considering the mutation deliuered the wife of hir bonde Yong Cicero was sent of his father into Grecia foreseing what would come From Greece he went to Brutus after Brutus death to Pompey with
the Tribute Thus Tharsus and Laodicea were punished Cassius and Brutus consultyng togither it séemed best to Brutus to remoue the armie from thence into Macedonia for greater consideration Bycause it was sayde theyr enimies had fourty legions and that eyght of them were past the Ionian sea Cassius thought the multitude of the enimie not to be passed of bycause in tyme their number shoulde be their destruction for wante and therefore that they shoulde sette vpon the Rodians and Licians friends to their enimies and hauing nauies least they should come vpon their backes when they had agreed they deuided their armies Brutus went against the Licians Cassius agaynst the Rodians for hée was brought vp there learned the Gréeke tongue And bicause they were very strong vpon the Sea he prepared exercised hys owne ships at Guido The wise men of the Rodes were afrayd to come to fight with the Romanes but the people was lusty recounting their former feats against other maner of men than these Their shippes also they gathered of the beste of the whiche were .xxxiij. when they had done so they sente some to Mindo to Cassius requesting him he woulde not reiect the Rhodes a Citie that euer did reuenge such as contemned them nor the coÌ„uentions betwene the Rhodians and the Romanes that one shoulde not beare armes against the other and if he did alleage any thyng for societie of warre that they woulde vnderstande of the Senate of Rome and they commaunding it they sayde they would do it Thus much they sayde He answeared that for the rest warre must iudge in stéede of wordes where the league coÌ„maunded they should not leauie armes one against another the Rhodians did conspire with Dolobella and ayded him against Cassius But where it coÌ„maundeth that one should help another and now that Cassius requireth it they vse a shifte by the Romane Senate which is scatered and at this present destroyed by the Tyrannes that be in the Citie which should be punished and so should the Rhodians taking their partes onlesse they did as he commaunded them Thus sayde Cassius WheÌ„ this was knowne at Rhodes the auncient men were the more afrayd The people were persuaded by one AlexaÌ„der Manasses remeÌ„bring vnto them that Mithridates came against theÌ„ with many moe ships before him Demetrius Therfore they made Alexander their chief officer called Prytanâ—o Manasses their Admiral Neuerthelesse they sent Archelaus embassadour to Cassius who was his schoolemaster in the Gréeke to intreate him familiarly and when he had taken him by the hande he spake to him as to hys acquayntance Thou that art a louer of the Gréeke language do not disturbe a Gréeke citie nor the Rhodes being a louer of libertie nor deface the Dorian dignitie neuer yet blemished since it firste began nor forget y goodly historie which thou diddest learne at Rhodes and Rome At Rhodes howe muche the Citizens of the same haue euer stoode to their defence against nations kings and such as were thought inuincible as Demetrius Mithridates for their libertie for y whiche thou sayst thou trauaylest In Rome what we haue done for you as wel against other as Antiochus the great there be pillers set vp of you as monumeÌ„ts of vs And thus much may he sayd to you O Romanes of our natioÌ„ of our worthinesse of our state neuer yet in seruitude of our societie choyse of you But in thée now Cassius a certaine great reuereÌ„ce I say remayneth toward this citie thy nurse thy scole thy Phisitian house wher thou didst dwell to my scole my self to other things wherein I toke paynes Now you well requite al this vpoÌ„ my countrie y it be not forced to make warre with thée that was nourished brought vp in it nor put vs to y necessitie of one of two things either that y Rhodians shal all be destroyed or Cassius ouercome I aduise thée further beside y I haue prayed thée that hast takâ— in hand this feate for the coÌ„mon welth of Rome y thou always make the Gods the guydes in so great a cause You Romanes did call the Gods to witnesse when by Caius Caesar ye made soleÌ„ne league with vs and by othe coÌ„firmed the same gaue vs your right hands which enimies performe shal not frieÌ„ds and felowes dâ— it Refraine now for Gods cause for the glory among men seing nothing is more barbarous than breach of league which make the offendours to séeme vnfaithfull both to friend foe WheÌ„ the old man had thus sayd he did not let Cassius hand go but he wept wiped his eyes with it that with that manner he might moue Cassius who for reuereÌ„ce was abashed with some passioÌ„ sayd thus If thou diddest not persuade the Rodians to doe me any iniurie then thy selfe hast done it but if thou diddest exhort and aduise them couldest not persuade them then I do reuenge thée I haue bene iniured euidently firste bycause I asking helpe of them that nourished and taught me am contemned and despised then bycause they preferred Dolobella whome they neyther taught nor brought vp before me and that that is the more haynous not onely before me but Brutus and other noble men whome you knowe well to be fledde from Tirannie and to be ready to fight for libertie of our countrie You the Rodianes louers of libertie preferred Dolobella before vs he séekyng to take the same from other and vs whome now you ought to fauour you pretend you will not deale with ciuill warre It were ciuill if we did couet vnlawfull power but now opeÌ„ warre is made of peoples rule against Tirannes state and you that haue popular gouernment do forsake the same and of them that do labour for their lawes and beare good will to the Romanes and be condemned to death without iudgement that be prescribed confiscate you haue no pitie at all But you answeare you will vnderstand the Senates minde which is now destroyed and can not helpe it self For ye knew the Senate had decréed to Brutus and me that al the inhabitants betwéene Ionia and the East should obey our coÌ„maundements Thou makest a rehearsal what you haue done for vs at our waÌ„ts for with good will you haue receyued reward againe But you forget that you denie help to vs that suffer iniurie for the sauing of our liberty whom you ought if there had bene no friendship betwirt vs but would now haue begon it to haue ayded the coÌ„mon cause of Rome few beyng of the Dorean libertie You bring foorth also leagues lacking other matter that Caius Casar the first author of Tirannie did make with you and say that the Romanes and Rodians should help one an other in their necessities Helpe you then nowe the Romanes that in greatest cause be in moste perill Cassius a Romane borne and a president of the Romanes dothe chalenge that league accordyng to the
had serued vnder Caius Casar And that none shoulde make any stirre at the sight or name of newe Caesar it was thought méete to speake to the army There was a greate seate in the which sate none but Senatours and Pretors The rest as wel Romanes as straungers â—â—oode about below glad they were to sée one another as they that were stronger than they supposed Boldnesse and great hope grew at the sight of the army whiche thing increaseth the good wil of Souldiours to their Captaine hope that is coÌ„mon getteth beneuolence The noyse that hereof was made did cease by the trumpets and criers and Cassius bicause he was elder thaÌ„ Brutus came a little foorth and thus sayde to the army This contention O Souldiour felowes as it is rommon to vs all and therfore causeth vs to trust one an other so is it conuenient that we do performe to you all that we haue promised the whiche is the greatest trust that wée will fulfill whatsoeuer we promise you hereafter The hope consisteth in the vertue of you that be Souldiours and in vs whom you sée aboute this seate so many and so great men of the Senate and also in the plentyfull furniture of all thyngs whiche you sée of victuall of armure of money and of Shippes of confederates of Nations and Kyngs that of necessitie they by reason muste bée ready to be willyng and agrée whome the prouision and common cause hath ioyned togyther Whereof the twoo men our enimies do calumniate vs you know throughly and for that do you serue with vs willyngly Therefore nowe it is fitte to declare the cause whiche shall chiefly shew that wée haue the beste and moste iuste pretence of this warre We that haue made Caesar great by folowyng hym and leading you in the warres did continue hys friendes to the ende so as it shall not appeare that he was entrapte of vs for any enimity In maters of peace he is to be blamed not of vs his friendes in the which we haue bene honored but by lawes and order of the common wealth whereof now no law no rule of the best nor peoples power remayneth all the which our fathers framed when they expelled the kings and by othe confirmed neuer after to receyue other to the which othe their posteritie of the same minde consenting and puttyng from them the execrations thereof they could not longer endure to sée one man though he were a friende and beneficiall that did conuert to himselse the publique treasure the armies the elections of officers froÌ„ the people the gouernments of nations from the Senate Yet he was a law in stéede of lawes and a Lord in stéede of the people and a Prince in all respectes in steade of the Senate The whiche peraduenture you doe not perfitely know but only consider his valiantnesse in the warre But now you may easily learne it by the things only that touched your selues You the people in the warre do obey your Generalles as your Lords The same condition you receyue of vs agayne in peace the Senate prouidyng that you be not deceyued your selues being Judges and lawmakers accordyng to your companies and societies creatyng Consulles Tribunes and Pretors and by your voyces iudging the greatest things punishing or preferring them as they thought you worthie punishment or preferment This retribution O Citizens hath brought your authoritie to highe felicitie for you haue preferred the worthy and they being preferred haue rendred like thanke to you For this worthinesse you made Scipio Consull when you testified for him in the matters of Libya and made whome you woulde Tribunes of euery age of your selues as was fitte for your causes What néede I to rehearse many things that you already knowe but that fince Caesar bare rule you coulde create neyther Consull Pretor Tribune or Officer nor coulde testifie for any mans vertue nor receyue mutuall testification for your selues And to speake of the chief no man gaue you thankes for any office for authoritie for iustice or correction And that that was moste to be lamented of all other you could not helpe your Tribunes when villanie was done them that you shoulde not retayne your power continual and make it sure and inuiolable but your selfe see them that ought to haue bene vntouched and their authoritie inuiolate and their ornaments sacred to be coÌ„demned without any iudgement by the commaundement of one onely bycause they seemed to be grieued with them that woulde haue declared him a kyng the whiche the Senate tooke moste grieuously for your sake For the Tribuneship is yours not the Senates Yet yée could not plainly accuse that man or bring him to iudgement bycause of hys mightie armies whiche belonging to the publique state he chalenged for hys priuate pleasure the whiche entendyng to be reuenged of the reste of his Tyrannie coniured agaynst his body The sentence did necessarily procéede from the beste the seate was done of a fewe So soone as it was done the Senate decreed it a common agréement and that openly that the rewardes for killyng Tirannes might be put in vre Antony staying that vnder a pretence of tumulte and we not thinkyng our selues worthy rewarde to the Citie rather than by it to helpe our countrey this was stayed bycause they would not any contumely should be shewed to Caesar but only a releasement of his Tyrannie euery man decreeyng a for getfulnesse as a thing of moste suretie that no matter shoulde bee made of the murder Antony by litle and litle withdrawing the people from vs the Senate gaue vs great offices of prouinces and armies commaunding all the lande betwéene Ionia Syria to obey vs whether punishing as offendours or honoring ve with solemne purple with mases and Sergeants by the whiche reason they called Pompey from banishment beyng a yong man and not acquaynted with the thing but onely bicause he was Sonne to Pompey the great who trauayled for the peoples rule and bycause he was secretely in Spaine to auoyde tyrannie they restored him to the value of his fathers goodes by the common treasure and made him ruler of the sea that he mighte haue some authoritie beyng of the peoples faction What other acte or token of the Senate do yée require than that all this was done by their sentence onlesse it be not inough to confesse it by worde but to do it say it and togither with their sayings to rewarde you with great gifts bicause wheÌ„ they say it they can performe it Now you know how men be haÌ„dled they be proscribed without iudgement their goodes be publicate they be killed without sentence in their houses in theyr porches in the Temples of Souldiours of seruants of their enimies drawen from their priuie houses and pursued in euery place Where the law permitteth a man that will to flée into the common place where neuer no enimies head was brought but only armour shippe stems now the heds of Consuls of Pretors of
a Friende better than an Enimie and committed Lucinus to wayte vpon one of his friends and after vsed hym as hys assured Brutus fledde to the mountaynes with a conuenient multitude that in the night he might returne to hys campe or take hys way by the sea But when he hearde all passages were kepte hee continued with all his people in armes And they say hée looked vp to the Starres saying O Iupiter thou knowest who is the cause of these euils meaning Antonie which they say Antonie after in his priuate perils did confesse saying That where he might haue ruled with Brutus Cassius he was now a slaue to Octauio That night Antonie continued in armes that he might haue Brutus makyng a trench of dead bodies and of the baggage brought togither Caesar labouring till midnight â–ª withdrew himselfe for sicknesse committyng the charge of the army to Norbanus Brutus perceiuing what wayte his enimies made for him and hauing no more but foure legious where with he was wel warded desired the chiefe of his host whiche now were ashamed and repented of their act to sende to sée how they might make way to passe the traynes and to recouer their owne that was kept in the abaÌ„doned tentes They being vnwilling and now considering more than they did and that God was agaynst them tolde their Generall they had giuen him euill counsell and they hauing tried fortune so oft woulde not now put any more hope in their matter Then Brutus sayde to his friendes I am no longer profitable to my Countrey Hée called one of his moste trusty friendes named Sâ—rato of Epirâ— and wylled hym to kyll hym ouâ— of hande who entreatyng hym to take better aduice called â–ª one of hys seruauntes and sayde O Brutus in thy laste commaundement thou shalte not wante neyther thy friende nor thy seruaunt And hauyng thus sayde hée thruste hys â—â—orde into Brutus side neyther râ—sistyng nor helpyng Thus Cassius and Brutus died moste noblâ— and worthy Romanes and but â—or one faâ—te â—uer folowed vertue Whome Caâ—â—â—â— Caesar of enimies takyng Pompeyus part had made â–ª â—réendes and of friendes vsed them as his chyldren and the Senate had them euer in greate regarde and pitted their chaunce and for their twoo sakes decrâ—â—â— an acte of obliuion of all thyngs and when they â—lâ—â—de sente them to prouinces that they shoulde not séeme to flée â–ª Not omittyng yet the honour of Caesar nor forgettyng hys feates of whose vertue and fortune they maruelled beyng aliue and when hée was dead buryed him with publique expence and proclaymed hys workes to bée immortal â–ª â— apoynted offices prouinces for y most part by his assignement â–ª not findyng any thyng better than Caesar had determined But the care and regard for these men brought them into a suspition of false accusation they were so honored of al men And of the best of the banyshed men they were thought most honorable though Pompey were at hande whose cause was not vnpardonable and they farre off and voyde of reconciliation needyng many things scarsly hauing two legions They gathered after twentie legions and as many thousand horsemen and about â–ª twoo hundred long shippes with other sufficient furniture and money moste plentifull of the willyng and vnwillyng nations and Cities that they ouercame and their enimies of the contrary faction They hadde the rule of all the Realmes from Macedonia to Euphrates and whome soeuer they ouercame they brought them to their societie â–ª and hadde them moste trusty they vsed Kings and Princes and the Parthians although their enimies in matters of small accompt but when they came to greate thyngs they coulde not abide them bycause they woulde not accustome a barbarous and hostile nation among the Romanes And moste maruell of all it is that their army beyng the moste parte of Caius Caesars and desirous of his felicitie for good will and affection they coulde turne to the contrary parte to him being killers of him and wente with them agaynst Caesars Sonne and more faythfull to them than to Antony fellow in rule and enterpryse with â—ctaâ—ian For none of them lefte Brutus or Cassius when they were ouercome But Antonie at Brunduse they forsoke before the triall The pretence of paynes bothe vnder Pompey and nowe was not for themselues but for the name of the peoples gouernment ouer glorious but not commodious For bothe of them when they sawe they coulde bée no longer profitable to their countrey dispatched themselues alike â–ª In their seuerall considerations Cassius was iâ—â—utable as they that in the combattes will neuer gâ—ue ouer onely hauyng regarde to the daunger But Brutus in euery place was full of affabilitie and gentlenesse and not ignoraunt of Philosophy Yet by these men the acte agaynst Caesar was done contrary in all thyng beyng no simple worke nor in no small matter for it was agaynst their fréende contrary to reason and agaynst their well doer vnthankfully whome hâ—e had saued in the warre and agaynst the chiefe ruler iniustly in the Senate house and agaynst an holy man hauyng on an holy vesture and suche an officer as neuer was the lyke so profitable to all menne and to his countrie and Empire The whiche God did punishe in them and many times gaue tokens of it For when Cassius was purgyng his hoste the Sergeant put on the crowâ—e the wrong way and hys golden consecrate vesture of victory fell to the grounde many greate byrdes sitting vpon the campe made no noyse and swarmes of Bées were continually aboute him Brutus they say celebratyng hys birthe day in â—amo vpon the sea beyng nothyng mery aboute it without occasion did caste forth this verse But me cruel destenie and Lâ—tones sonne doth destroy Goyng with his army betwéene Asia and Europa and watchyng in the night when lighte fayled a fearefull shape appeared to hym Whome hée boldly askyng what man or God hée was the vision answeared I am Brutus thyne euill lucke and at Philippi I will appeare agayne vnto thée And they say he sawe hym there before the laste fight and when the armie wente out of the campe an Ethiopian mette them whome as an euill token they killed In these things also was a diuine worke That Cassius in victorie yet indifferent gaue ouer all hope without any cause and Brutus dryuen from hys good determination of refrayning fighte fallyng into the handes of them that were forced by famine hymselfe hauyng plentyfull foode and shippes at commandement and was rather ouercome of hys â—amâ—â—iers than of hys enimies and where they had fought many fieldes they neuer had no hurte Bothe of them were killers of themselues as they were of Caesar Thus Cassius and Brutus were punished Brutus body beyng founde Antonie cladde it with a purple pall and when hee had vsed it with fire hee sente the relikes to hys mother Seruilia Brutus army when they hearde hée
very déede it was to enrich his horsemen And when the Palmirians had vnderstanding of it they conueyed away their goods and garded them with Archers wherin they excelled The horsemen finding the Citie voyde went away emptie and vnhurtfull Of thys occasion the warres of Parthia séemed to ryse many of the tyrannes of the countreye of Syria resorting to them For this countrey till Antiochus the good and his sonne was vnder Kings successoures of Seleucus but being brought into the forme of a prouince they had Scaurus their President â–ª to whome the Senate sent other successours and among them Gabiâ—â—â—s which made warre vpon the Alexandrians Crassus succéeded Gabinius which was after slayne of the Parthians But after the death of Caesar and sedition rysing euery City was holden by an vsurper the Partheans helping them And nowe hadde they entred Syria Crassus being deade one alluring another from whence Antonie droue them away and made them flée to the Parthians Which being done he put tributes vpon the people and did not pacifie the prouince after the commotion of the Palmirians but diuided his armye into wintering places He went to Cleopatra into Egipt of whome being princely receyued he taried the Winter with hir lyke a priuate man in an other mans kingdome eyther to shewe that the rule perteyned not to him or to be the more fitte to frequent the feastful dayes of the Winter And leauing all cares of a Captaine he put on a Greekes robe and such a garment as the Athenteâ—ses and Egiptians Priestes do vse And he resorted onely to temples scooâ—es and assemblies of Philosophers keping company with the Grecians that obeyed Cleopatra for whose cause hée had as hée sayde made that voyage Caesar Octauian in the meane time fell sicke in his iourney to Rome and verie dangerously at Brundusiâ— where it was sayd he was deade Being recouered he entred the Citie and deliuered Antonies letters to his Captaines who strayght commaunded Calenus to deliuer two legions to Octauian and wrote into Africa to Sextius to deliuer that prouince both the which were done Then dyscharging Lepidus of his suspition he committed Africa to his gouernement and solde such goods of the condemned men as were not yet bought Going about to place his Souldiors in their dwellings and to diuide their landes he founde greate troubles For the Soldiors required euery best Citie in Italie as they were chosen before the warre Contrary those Cities required that all Italy might be contributarie to this diuision or the places of dwelling might be apointed by lot The soldiors also required the valewe of the lands bycause there was no coÌ„mon pay Both olde and yong women and children assembled togither in the Temples and publique places lamenting and complayning that they being natiue of Italy should be putte from theyr houses and landes as prisoners in the warre The people wepte for these miseries and moste of all when they remembred that it was not done for the common wealth but for the priuate lust of a fewe the whiche had ouerthrowne the common weale and now gaue their Soldiours rewardes that they by that gifte should be ready to serue their turnes and stil kâ—epe downe the common state Caesar appeased the Cities and shewed the cause of necessitie and that all was not sufficient And hée sayth truth for the neyghbours were oppressed of the soldiours goyng beyond their boundes catching more than was giuen them taking euer the best Neyther were they frayed by Caesars rebukes nor coÌ„tented with new gifts for they did now litle force of the princes who had néede of their helpe to hold vp their ambition For now the ende of the fiue yeares approched euery one had néede of seuerall helpe to maintayne his Lordship The Soldiours had néede of them to kéepe stil that which was giuen them they had néede of the Souldiours fauour to confirme their rule Caesar also comforted the néedy Soldiours with other gifts borowyng money of Temples wherby he wonne their hartes they beyng thankefull to him as of whome they had receyued their landes and goodes and they that were spoyled crying out vpon him whiche he suffred for the Soldiours sakes Lucius brother to Antonie beyng Consull and his wife Fuluia and Manius that had the ouersight of his things in his absence that this benefite might not séene to be onely of Octauian nor he haue only the thanke and the other generall be defrauded of the fauour of the Soldiours vsed subtill meanes that the placyng of the inhabitauntes might be deferred till Antonies commyng Whiche when it séemed vnpossible for the haste of the Souldiours they desired of Octauian that they mighte place Antonies Souldiours although by agréement it was graunted to Caesar Octauian by Antonie â–ª whiche they denied to be true Therefore bryngyng Fâ—â—luia with Antonies litle children to the campe they besought them instantly not to suffer Antonie to be defrauded of his thankes and renowne that he had gotten Antonies name was then very glorious among the Soldiours and others for the victory at Philippi was attributed to Antonie onely bycause of Caesars sicknesse Though Octauian sawe that couenaunt was broken yette for Antonies sake hée was content to gyue place So Antonies legions were placed wyth very much licence that they shoulde not seeme to bée inferiour to the benefite of Caesar There were other Cities neare to these whose lands were deuided to the Souldiours whiche suffered many iniuries of the Souldiours the Citizens crying to Octauian that diuision of landes was nowe more cruell than proscriptions of lyfe For then enimies were punished now innocentes are plagued Caesar did well perceyue the iniurie but coulde not remedie it For neyther had hée money wherewith to pay the possessours of the lande neyther could the rewardes of victory be deferred for the warres that myght ensue Pompey beyng Lorde of the Sea who caused famine in the Cittie all victuall beyng kepte away Aenobarbus and Murcus hauyng an other army and gatheryng an other nauie and the Souldiours the more vnwillyng excepte they haue promyse kepte and the space of fiue yeares was almoste come so as they muste haue néede of Souldiours and therefore bare with their insolencie In so muche as in the Theatre a common Souldiour wantyng a proper seate wente and satte in the place of a Gentleman The people noted it and Caesar raysed hym The Souldiours were angry at it and when Caesar came from the passe tyme they compassed him and requyred their felow Souldiour whome they thought to be destroyed But when hée came they sayde he came out of pryson whiche bycause hée denied they sayde hée was hyred so to say and was a Traytour to hys company This rudenesse was vsed in the Theatre Beyng called to the diuision into the campe of Mars and comming to it by night they were angry that Caesar tarried so long Nonius a Capitayne rebuked them and tolde them
their dutie and put the cause vpon Caesars sickenesse They called him flatterer and threwe stones vppon him and droue him to take a water out of the whiche they tooke hym vp dead and layde hym in the waye â–ª where Caesar shoulde passe who was monished by hys fréendes not to truste theyr rage but hée to aâ—oyde furder inconuenience by hys absence wente on and when hée sawe the dead body of Nonius he went aside And when the fault was layde vpon a fewe hée willed them hereafter one to spare another and so gaue them giftes and distribution of lands and rewarded some beyonde their owne expectation Which constancie of hym they so lyked as they requyred that the kyllers of Nonius myghte bée punyshed Hée sayde hee knewe them well inough and was satisfied wyth their confession and conscience and the reste hee forgaue By the whyche mercy and liberalitie beyng prouoked they made greate shoutes of hys felicitie These twoo contempts of the Souldiours among many other may suffice to be shewed The cause of thys were they that without lawfull authoritie as happeth in ciuill warres takyng vppon them to bée Capitaynes led these Souldiours not to serue their countrey but themselues not agaynst enimies but agaynst Citizens This destroyed the discipline of the Romanes warre The Souldiour rather desirous to serue for pryuate affection and the Capytaynes to abuse them for priuate commoditie Not onely a Souldiour but whole armies were to bée bought for money And it was offence to fauour the good and prayse to aduaunce the euill So as for lighte causes whole armies would go from a good and lawfull leader to a lewde and vsurpyng Captayne lyke agréeyng with lyke the Souldiours tooke them for enimies were they neuer so honest that their Capitaynes hated And the Capitaynes to haue Souldiours at hande suffred them to committe things abhominable without al reuerence of lawe and iustice So nowe all discipline beyng corrupted they were compted best that could rayse moste sedition The Citie in the meane time was in great penurie their prouision of corne beyng stopped by Pompey In Italie tillage beyng almost leâ—te for the continuaunce of warre and that that there was being consumed of the Soldiours and in the Citie théeues and murderers by night were vnpunished for what soeuer was done was imputed to the Souldiour The commons shutte vp theyr shoppes and were withoute officers whiche woulde not serue where thefte was suffred But Lucius beyng well affected to the common wealth and gréeued with the power of the thrée Princes continuyng longer than the time appoynted contended with Caesar â–ª for he onely promised helpe to the olde possessioners making supplication to all the officers they promised their seruice to him Wherby bothe Antonies Soldiours and Caesar himself accused him as an enimy to him and Fuluia also as stirrers of warre out of time But a deuise of Manius preuayled which persuaded Fuluia that if Italie were in quiet Antony woulde remayne with Cleopatra in Aegipt but if warres were styrred hée woulde come quickly Then Fuluia of a womannishe passion incensed Lucius when Caesar wente to place the newe inhabitancies Antonies chyldren and Lucius wente with them that Caesar shoulde not haue the whole thankes by goyng alone Caesars horsemenne scoured the coaste towarde Sicelie that Pompey shoulde not spoyle it Lucius eyther afrayde in déede or fayning to bée afrayde that these horsemen were sente agaynst him and Antonies children wente in haste to the inhabitauncies of Antonie to gette a garde about him accusing Caesar as vnfaithfull to Antony But he answered that he kept faith friendship with Antonie that Lucius sought to moue warre for y he was offended with the rule of theÌ„ thrée by the which the newe inhabitants might take full possession that the horsemen were yet in the coast did their duties WheÌ„ Antonies Soldiours vnderstoode this they made a méeting with him at Theano and were reconciled to him with these conditions That he shuld deuide no laÌ„ds but to such as serued at Philippi That the money of the condemned men their landes should be equally diuided among Antonies Souldiours That hereafter one alone should not leuy men That two legioÌ„s of Antonies should serue Caesar against PoÌ„pey That the Alpes towarde Spaine shoulde be open to them that Caesar sent and not be shutte by Asinius That Lucius should put away his garde and exercise his office with quietnesse These were the couenants whereof onely the two last were kepte And Saluidienus passed the Alpes spyte of them that kepte them the rest were defeated Wherfore Lucius went to Preneste affirmyng he was afrayde of Caesar hauyng a garde aboute him and he none Fuluia also went to Lepidus saying she was afrayde of hir children for she trusted him better than Caesar And they bothe wrote to Antonie certaine fréendes carying their letters that might certifie him of all thyngs the copies whereof I haue long sought and can not finde Then the chiefe of the armies agréed to take vp thys matter and affirmed they woulde compell hym that were vnwillyng They sente for Lucius friendes to come to them whiche they denying to doe Caesar accused them as well to the chiefe of the armies as to the officers of the Cities Then great resorte was made to Lucius out of the Citie beséechyng him to haue compassion of afflicted Italie and take some man that eyther with him or with the Capitaynes might make an ende of the matter And where as Lucius had regarde both of them that spake and also of the thyngs spoken Manius answeared sharpely That Antonie onely gathered money of strange nations but Caesar did gette mens loue by preuention of the armies and fitte places of Italy For by fraude he had gotten Fraunce which was Antonies prouince and for xviij cities that should be giuen to the Soldiours he ransacked almoste all Italy And also gaue money to foure and thirty legions not onely to eight and twentie that fought in hys quarrell and that he had spoyled Temples in pretence of warre agaynst Pompey whiche was not yet begon for all the greate dearth in the Citie but in déede to winne the fauour of the Souldiours agaynst Antonie in so muche as the goodes of the attaynted are not solde before they be giuen to theÌ„ but if he séeketh peace in good fayth he must make accomptof things he hath done and hereafter do nothing but by consent of bothe This was the bolde answeare of Manius that neyther Caesar shoulde doe any thing alone nor the couenaunts betwéene him and Antonie remayne firme that is that either of them should haue full authoritie in their prouinces and each confirme others actes Caesar séeyng that they soughte warre prepared hymselfe for it but the two legioÌ„s that wer placed about of Ancona and first serued his father and after Antony for the loue they bare to them both sente Ambassadors
but wyll onelye tell the truth which I cannot dissemble I tooke thys warre agaynste thée not that I woulde bée a Prince if I hadde dispatched thée but that I myghte haue broughte the Common wealth to the rule of the Senate whyche is nowe taken awaye by the power of thrée as thou thy selfe canste not denye For when you begunne it confessyng it vnlawfull you sayde it was necessarye for a tyme Cassius and Brutus beyng alyue who coulde not be reconciled vnto you They being taken awaye the reste if any rest there be being afraide of you and takyng armes not agaynste the Common wealth and youre tyme beeyng ended I requyred that the oppressed Senate myghte be restored not regardyng my brother before my Countrey For I hoped to haue perswaded him at his retourne and I made haste to doe it in the tyme of myne offyce If thou wouldest haue doone so thou shouldest haue hadde the glorye alone but bycause I could not perswade thée I wente to the Cittye and thought to gette it by strength and force being a Senatoure and a Consull These were the onelye causes of this warre not my brother not Manius not Fuluia nor the landes diuided to the Souldyoures that wanne the fielde at Philippi not the pitie of the olde possessioners cast out of the landes for by myne authoritie some were appoynted to landes for my brothers Legions the olde owners spoyled But thys calumniation thou dyddest deuise that thou myghtest putte the faulte of the warre from thy selfe to me and the newe inhabiters And by thys arte wynnyng the heartes of the olde Souldyoures thou hast wanne also the victory for it was persuaded them that I woulde putte them out by violence These deuices were to be vsed when thou madest warre agaynste me Nowe béeyng Conqueroure if thou bée an ennimie of thy Countrey make mée an enimie also that coulde not remedie it béeyng lette by famyne And thys I speake fréelie gyuing my selfe as I sayde into thy handes shewyng what I thought of thée before and nowe also béeyng with thée alone Thus much of my selfe Now as concernyng my friendes and the whole army if thou wilte beléeue me I wyll gyue thée most profitable councell Doe not vse them hardly for my cause and matter and séeyng thou arte a man and subiect to vnstable fortune make not thy friendes the flower to venture for thée if they shall sée examples gyuen of thée nothyng to be hoped but to the Conqueroures And if thou reiect all my councell as of thyne enimie I maye not bée ashamed to craue pardon of thée that thou wouldest not exacte punishmente of my friendes for my faulte or missefortune but rather turne all vppon mée whyche am the cause of all these troubles for I haue lefte them behynde me of purpose least if I shoulde speake these things in theyr hearyng I shoulde séeme to séeke myne owne cause To thys Caesar aunswered When I sawe thée come to mée withoute an Heraulde I came apace out of my campe that thou myghtest fréelie doe that myghte bée for thy good And séeyng thee acknowledgyng thy faulte thou commyttest thy selfe to my power I néede not confute the thyngs whyche thou hast obiected againste me firmely but falsely hurting mée now as thou 〈◊〉 before For if thou haddest come to make confederation thou shouldest haue come to an angrye Conqueroure not without a cause But now séeing without any condition thou giuest thy selfe thy friends and army to vs al anger is taken awaye al necessitie of truce is cutte off For nowe I muste consider not so much what you haue deserued as what is seemly for mee to doe whyche I hadde rather doe eyther for Gods cause for my cause or for thy sake O Lucie neither will I deceiue the expectation that thou haste broughte with thée Thus much do I find in the dayly notes of the Chronicles of that time in this matter Caesar maruelled at the noble stout courage of Lucius ioyned with prudence and Lucius maruelled at the clemencie and quicke briefenesse of Caesar the other gathered comecture of their talke by the countenaunce of them bothe Then Lucius sent to the chiefe Captaynes that they shoulde receiue the watche worde of Caesar They brought a booke of the number for so was the manner as it is now that when the captaine asketh the watche word he offereth to the Prince a booke of hys number euery day Receyuing the watch worde they did not leaue the wented watches for so Caesar commaunded that they should kéepe watche seuerally The nexte day Caesar sacrificed and Lucius sent the hoste to Caesar carying their harnesse but going in their common apparel and a farre off they saluted Caesar as Generall and stayde legion by legion as Caesar hadde appointed for he deuided the olde legions from the young When he hadde sacrificed he sate in the Generals seate and commanded euery one to lay down their armour which beeing done hée commaunded the old souldiors to drawe nighe that he mighte reproue their vnkindnesse and make them afraide yet his meaning was knowne well ynough Then whither it was of purpose or of affection Caesars souldioures came â—ute of theyr places and embraced Lucius souldiors and wept and sued to Caesar for them and they woulde not leaue but stil cryed vppon Caesar so as there was muche mourning But Caesar chaunging hys minde and appeasing the multitude said thus You my fellowe Souldyers haue alwayes so well serued me as I can not deny you anything The yong Souldyers whiche I thinke haue serued iustly vnder Lucius standerd I remitte but those that haue héeretofore bin ioyned wyth you in warre and now be saued by your meane I woulde aske what miurie I haue done them or what grace denyed them that they shoulde serue another and beare armoure against me and you and theÌ„selues for I suffered all the paynes for diuision of the landes of the which these were partakers whose lâ—udenesse nowe if you will sufferme I will punish But they denying that and coÌ„tinually calling for pardon I graunt quoth he that you demaunde let them goe frée so as heereafter they agree with you whyche beyng promised on both partes thanks were cryed to Caesar who was contente that some shoulde be lodged in houses The common sorte he wylled to lye in theyr Campe where they fyrste were placed tyll he sente them to wintering Then sitting in the hygh seate he called Lucius and the chiefe out of Perugia among whome were many Senatoures and Gentlemen all in heaâ—ie shape who béeyng out of the Towne a garrison entred When they were come Caesar tooke Lucius to hym the other were committed to hys friendes and officers béeyng warned to keepe them in honest and secrete custody The Perugians crying for pardon ouer the wall he commaunded to come without the Senate only whyche béeyng done he pardoned them The Senatoures were putte in prison and after kylled except Lucius Aaemilius who being
in Rome when y killers of Caesar were cryed he thoughte good they shoulde be punished and the Citie purged He mynded to haue gyuen the Citie in spoyle to the Souldyoures but one Sextius a madde fellowe surnamed Macedonian bycause he hadde serued in Macedonia sette hys owne house on fyre and threwe himselfe into it and the wynde béeyng great blew the fyre ouer all the Citie and burned it the temple of Vulcene only excepted Thys was the ende of Perugia an auntient and goodly Citie for they say it was one of the twelue Cities which the Hetrurians buylded after their firste comming into Italy Wherefore after the Tuscane fashion they honor Iuno And after that they that followed chose Vulcane in stead of Iuno for their patrone The next day Caesar made truce with all the armyes yet some tumultes continued betwéene them til Canutius and Flauius Clodius Bithinicus and diuers other were slayne who were deadly enimies of Caesar This ende had the séege of Perugia and the warre that Lucius made which certaynely was very daungerous and like to haue continued long For Asinius Plancus Ventidius Crassus Attieus and others of this faction hadde an army diuided into thirtéene partes with sixe thousande Horsemen and aboue All the which scattered some to Brundusio some to Rauenna and some to Tarento Some wente to Murco some to Aenobarbo and some to Antony himselfe Caesars bandes chaced them by land and Agrippa gote two legions from Plancus which were left at Camerina Fuluia with hir children fledde to Putzolo and from thence to Brundusio with thrée thousand horse which the Captayne 's appoynted for hir conduit At Brunduse she tooke Shippe with fiue Gallyes that were sente from Macedonia and Plancus went with hir who for cowardise had forsaken the rest of his army whiche serued Ventidius Asinius entised Aenobarbus to Antonyes side whereof they both wrote letters vnto him and prepared for him agaynste his comming into Italy There were other bandes of Antonyes vnder the Alpes wherof Calenus was Captayne Caesar intended to winne them to him bycause he had Antony now in suspition that if he were his friend he would kéepe them for him if he proued his enimie he would serue himselfe and whylest he soughte a good occasion Calenus dyed Caesar tooke the aduantage and had the army for Fusius Calenus sonne deliuered all for feare Thus Caesar without any businesse gote eleuen legions and most ample prouinces from the whiche he remoued the old officers and placed his owne and went to Rome Antony kepte the messengers that were sent from the inhabitancies eyther bycause of y winter or bycause he would not haue them report his doings At the beginning of the Spring he wente from Alexandria came to Tirus and from thence by Cipres and Rhodes into Asia where he heard of the séege of Perugia for the whiche he blamed his brother and his wife and most of all Manius He founde hys wife at Athens that was fledde from Brunduse His mother Iulia Pompey had sente out of Sicelie whither she fledde in company of Libone his father in law Saturninus and others of the best sorte that he had the which assayed to allure Antony to Pompeys parte against Caesar Antony thanked Pompey for sending him hys mother the which he would requite in time conueniente and if hée did make warre againste Caesar he woulde vse his societie but if Caesar and he continued in agréement he woulde reconcile him to Câ—sar And this was Antonyes aunswere Caesar béeyng come to Rome vnderstoode that some were gone to Athens but what answere they had of Antony he could not tell Then he soughte to discredite Antony with the souldyoures as he that would ioyne with Pompey to put them from their possessions and that manye were fledde to Pompey but for all that he coulde not winne the Souldyoures from Antony so greate was the glory that he had gote at Philippi Caesar thought himselfe good ynough for Antony Pompey by laÌ„o for he had aboue 40. legions but he had no ships they had more than 500. with the which if they woulde beset the coast of Italy they might soone oppresse it with famine Therfore of many maydens y were offered him in marriage he thought to make his best match he wrote to Maecenas that he shuld coÌ„tract him to Scribonia sister to Libo father in law to Pompey y he might haue a pretence to agrée with Pompey if néede were This done he remoued diuers of Antenyes friends from their authoritie sent Lepidus into Affrica with sixe legions of Antonyes Then hée called to him Lucius and praised him as kind to his brother that he woulde take his faulte vppon himselfe but he coulde not but thinke vnkindnesse in him that after so great benefite shewed to him he would not playnely tell his brothers conspiracie To thys Lucius aunswered I knewe my sister in lawes ambitious desire to rule but I tooke the commoditie of my brothers armye to take the rule from you all and if my brother woulde come nowe to abolishe youre Monarchie I woulde take hys parte alwayes agaynste thée for my Countreys sake although priuately I am most beholden vnto thée But if hée will séeke companions of hys tyrannie I will take thy parte against him so thou wilte destroy the Monarchie for the affection to my Countrey shall alwayes preuayle more with me than fauoure or kindred Caesar maruelling at the constancie of Lucius saide he woulde not vse hym against hys brother though he would followe him yet he woulde committe to him the prouince of Spayne and appoynt Peduceus and Luceius his Lieutenantes Thus in shewe of honor he sente away Lucius yet secretely commaunded he should be priuily watched Antony leauing his wife sicke at Scicyone tooke the Sea wyth no great army with a Nauie of two hundred Shippes whyche he had made in Asia WheÌ„ he vnderstoode that Aenobarbus came to méete him with a great army who was suspected not to be trusted of his worde for he was one of the condemned men of conspiracie againste Caesar and in battel at Philippi fought against Caesar and Antony yet he went toward him with fiue good Shippes that he myghte séeme to trust him willing the rest to followe after Aenobarbus wheÌ„ he had sight of him came forward with al his Nauie Then was Plancus afrayde and wished him to stay and firste to trye what he meante bycause he was to be doubted Antony aunswered he had rather dye being deceyued by trust than be thoughte to flée for feare Being come néere both the Admirals were knowen by their flagges and sayled one to the other The Herald of Antony standing in the forepart eyther ignorante that he was not a sure friend or of a boldnesse of minde that the inferioure should stoupe to the superioure commaunded the other to strike saile whiche
Italy but vpon the trust of Antonie Not only trusting vppon Antonie but sente of hym sayde Cocceius for I will not dissemble and he shall 〈◊〉 the reste of Italie being voyde of Nauie if you make not peace Caesar not vnwillyng to heare this diuise stayde a whyle Pompey shal be punished whelynow quoth he being already repulsed froÌ„ Thuriji Than Cocceius perceyuing all the controuersie tolde hym that Fului â–ª was dead for unkindnesse of Antonie and nowe that shée is gone there is no way but to vtter one an others gréefe without dissimulation Caesar beyng appeased by this talke receyued Cocceius who requested him to wryte somewhat to Antonie as the yonger to the elder He denied to wryte any thing to his enimie that woulde write nothing to him He also thought vnkindnesse in Antonies mother that beyng of his he use fledde out of Italie and would not séeke to hym of whome she might haue obtayned any thing as of hir Sonne and to hir â—ee was content to wryte When Cocceius came foorth many of the Capitaynes declared the mindes of the Souldiours that except they woulde be reconciled warre should be made Which hée tolde Antonie and wished him to couÌ„termaund Pompey from furder inuasion of Italie and to sende Aenobarbus away till they were agréed Iulia his mother ioyned with Cocceius and prayed hir sonne so to doe Antonie stoode in doubte for if the peace did not take he muste desire Pompeis helpe agayne the whiche woulde be a shame for hym but his mother putting him in comfort 〈◊〉 séeming to knowe more Antony gaue place and required Pompey to returne into Sicelie and he would kéepe promise with him and sent Aenobarbus with authoritie into Bythinia When y army heard this then chose messengers that mighte goe to eyther generall and cutting off 〈…〉 rehearsall of vnkindnesse paste to requyre theÌ„ to linke in 〈◊〉 For this purpose of Caesars parte there was chosen â–ª 〈◊〉 and for Antonie Pollio and Cocceius was ioyned to them aâ— a fréeâ—â—e to bothe And â–ª bycause Marcellus was dead that was husband to 〈◊〉 Caesars sister they required that shée might be made sure â–ª to Antony whiche beyng done all the army cried Happy â—aâ— it 〈◊〉 continuing their reioyce one whole day a night Then Caesar and Antonie once agayne deuided the whole 〈◊〉 Empire and made Câ—dropoli a Citie of Slauonia the 〈◊〉 of bothe their partes bycause it stoode in the ende of the Adriaâ—icall sea That Caesar should haue al 〈◊〉 and Ilandes westward euen to the mayne Sea. That Antonie shoulde haue the lyke Eastwarde euen to the floud Euphrates That Lepidus should haue Africa still as Caesar had appointed That Caesar should make warre vpoÌ„ Pompey vnlesse other order were taken That Antonie shoulde make warre vpon the Parthians to reuenge the iniurie done to Crassus That Aenobarbus should be receyued into societie with those conditions that he had of Antonie That it should be lawful for both to leuie men in Italie with like numbers of legions This peace was solemnelie ratified WhervpoÌ„ they sent away their friends about their affayres Antonie sent Ventidius into Asia to represse the Parthians yong Labienus who by the help of the Parthians made new commotioÌ„s in Syria as far as Ionia all the which be shewed in the Parthians warre Pompey by his Capitayne Menodorus repulsed Helenus Casars Lieftenant out of Sardinia Wherfore Caesar would not be reconciled with him They went to Rome togither and celebrated the mariage Where Antonie put Manius to death bycause hée stirred Fuluia to make warre He accused Saluidienus gouernour for Caesar of the armie at Rhâ—danus that hée woulde forsake hys mayster and cleaue to hym whereof he wrote letters to hym to Brunduse This was not lyked of all men declaryng vnconstant dealing in too much séeking of amitie Caesar called Saluidienus vnto him as about a matter of charges and to sende him againe to the army whom when he came he slew him with reproche and deliuered his army to Antonie as suspected In the meane time the cytie was oppressed with famine â–ª for neyther durst the Merchauntes bring any corne from the East bicause of Pompeis being in Sicelie nor from the Weast of Câ—â—sica Sardinia where Pompeis shippes also lay nor froÌ„ Africa where the nauies of the other conspiratours kepte their stations Being in this distresse they alleaged that the discorde of the rulers was the cause and therefore required that peace might be made with Pompey vnto the whiche when Caesar woulde not agrée Antonie thought warre was néedefull for necessitie and bycause money waÌ„ted a decrée was made by Antonies aduise that euery maister should pay the half of .xxv. drammes for euery slaue that he had whiche was determined to bene done in the war of Cassius that somewhat also shoulde be payde of euery mans heritage The people tore the decrée with great furie obiected the consuming of treasure publike the spoylyng of prouinces the sacking of Italie and all for priuate displeasure and yet all woulde not serue but muste nowe put newe impositions vpon them that haue nothing left They assembled and murmured coÌ„pelled theÌ„ that would not and with threatnings to spoyle and burne theyr houses gathered all the people Then Caesar with a fewe of his fréends and garde came to them to excuse themselues but they threw stones and droue him away which when Antonie heard he came to help him To him comming the holy way the people did nothing bycause he was willing to agrée with Pompey but prayde him to departe which when he would not do they threw stones at him Then he brought in his soldiours that were with out the walles not about him into the citie being diuided into market places and streates wounded set vpon the multitude killed theÌ„ in the streates as they came And they could not easily flée for the multitude nor breake through by runnyng so that many were hurte and killed crying and yellyng from their houses So Antonie hadde muche ado to escape and Caesar by him was euidently preserued and got away Thus did Antonie delyuer Caesar from present perill The bodies of the commons that were killed were caste into the riuer to auoyde the griefe of the sight which came not so to passe for the Soldiours fished for them as the streame carried them and tooke from them their apparell whiche grieued the beholders Thus this euill ended with enuie of the Princes and yet no remedie for the lacke of things whereat the people grutched and suffered Antonie wished Libo hys fréendes to call him out of Sicelie to congratulate for the alliance made and he would procure greater matter and saue him harmelesse They wrote letters to Libo and Pompey was content he should goe And when he was come to the I le called Pithecusa and now Aenaria the people assembled again and praied Caesar
to send him letters of safecoÌ„duâ—t to come to treat of peace which he did although against his wil. The people also coÌ„pelled Mutia mother to Pompey to go vnto him threatning els to burne hir help to make peace When Libo perceyued how the enimies were inclined he desired to speake with the Captaines that they might togither agrée in the couenants the which the people coÌ„pelled theÌ„ with much a do so Antonie Caesar went to Baia. All other persuaded Pompey earnestly to peace only Menodorus wrote froÌ„ Sardinia that he should make open warre or dryue off whyles the dearth continued that hée might make peace with the better coÌ„ditions had him take héede of Murcus who was a mouer for peace as one that sought to be in his authoritie Wherefore Pompey put away Murcus and vsed his counsell no more whome before hée honoured for his worthinesse and wisedome whereat Murcus tooke displeasure and wente to Siracuse and to suche as were sent after him to kéepe him spake openly agaynst Pompey wherewith he beyng angrie killed diuerse of the beste aboute Murcús and sent to kill him and to say that his slaues had done it whiche beyng done he hanged certayne of Murcus slaues as though they had done it The whiche craft was not hid nor the wickednesse that he did against Bythinius a noble man and a valiant warriour and constant to him from the beginnyng his friende in Spaine from whence he came willingly to serue him in Sicelie When he was dead other men tooke in hand to persuade him to peace accused Menodorus as desicous of his office by sea not so much caring for his master as for his owne power PoÌ„pey folowyng their couÌ„sell sayled to Aenaria with many chosen ships himself being in a gorgious galley with sixe ores on a seaâ—e so did passe Dicearchia proudly towarde the euening the enimies loking vpon him The next morning stakes were set in the sea bridges made into one of y which ioyning to the laÌ„d Caesar came with Antonie â–ª Pompey and Libo entred the other bridge in such distance y one could not heare an other vnlesse they spake alowd Pompey required societie of rule in place of Lepidus They onely grauÌ„ted his return to his countrie then al was dashed Till ofteÌ„ messages wer seÌ„t betwéen offring diuerse coÌ„ditioÌ„s on both sides Pompey required that such condemned men as were with him for Caesars death might be safe in exile that the other men of honour proscribed might be restored to their countrey and goodes The dearth continuing the people vrgyng peace it was graunted that they should recouer the fourth part of their goodes as redéeming it of the new possessioners and wrote of it to the coÌ„demned men thinkyng they would accept it which tooke the offer beyng now afrayde of Pompey for his wickednesse committed agaynst Murcus to whom they went moued him to agrée He tore his cloke as betrayed of them whom he had defended and oft called for Menodorus as one expert in matters of slate and onely constant in faith At length by the exhortatioÌ„ of Murcia his mother Iulia his wife they thrée met agayne vpon an old péere of the sea beyng wel garded where they coÌ„cluded with these coÌ„ditions That peace shoulde be bothe by sea and lande and the Merchantes haue frée course That Pompey should take his garrisons out of Italie receiue no more fugitiues nor kéepe no nauies in Italie That he should rule in Cicelie Cersica and Sardinia and those other I landes that now he had so long as the rule should be continued to Antonie and Caesar That he should send to the people of Rome the corne that now was due That he should also rule Pelopenesus besides the former Iles. That he should exercise the office of Consul in his absence by his fréende and be admitted to the colledge of the Bishops That the noble meÌ„ that were banished might returne home except them that were condemned by publique iudgement of Caesars death That they that were fled for feare should be restored to their goodes And they that were coÌ„demned only to the fourth parte That the slaues that had serued vnder Pompey shoulde be frée That the frée men shoulde haue the same stipendes that the old Soldiours of Antonie and Caesar had These were the conditions of peace whiche beyng written were sent to Rome to be kept of the holy Virgins Then they desired the one to banquet the other and the lotte fell first to Pompey who receiued them in his greate gally ioyned to the péere The next day Caesar and Antony feasted hym in their Tentes pitched on that péere that euery man might eate on the shore but peraduenture for their more safetie for the Shippes were at hand the gard in order and the guestes with their weapons vnder their clokes It is sayd that Menodorus when they banqueted in Pompeys Shippe sente one to Pompey to put him in remembrance that nowe was the time to reuenge his father and brothers death for he would sée that none should scape the Shippe and that he aunswered as became him then for his person and place Menodorus might haue done it without me it agréeth with Menodorus to be periured false but so may not Pompey In that supper Pompeys daughter wife to Libo was espoused to Marcellus Antonyes nephew sonne to Caesars sister The next day the Consuls were appoynted for foure yeares first Antony and Libo and that Antony mighte make a substitute next Caesar and Pompey then Aenobarbus and Sosius lastly Caesar and Antony thrice Consuls and as it was hoped to restore to the people the gouernement of the common wealth These things being concluded they departed Pompey with his Shippes to Sicelie and they by land to Rome At the newes of this peace the Citie and all Italy made great ioy by the which ciuill warre continuall musters insolencie of garrisons running away of slaues wasting of Countreys decay of tillage and aboue all most greate famine was taken away therefore sacrifices were made by the way to the Princes as to preseruers of the Countrey The Citie had receyued them with a goodly triumph hadde not they entred by nighte bycause they would not charge the Citizens Onely they were not partakers of the common ioy that had the possession of the banished mens goodes who should returne by the league and be their heauie enimies The banished men a fewe except that went againe with Pompey tooke leaue of him at Puzzolo and wente to the Citie where a new ioy was 〈…〉 de for the returne of so many noble men TheÌ„ Caesar went t 〈…〉 ifye France and Antonie to make war on y Parthians And y Senate hauing approued his actes as wel past as to come he sent his Captaynes abroade did what he would He appoynted also certaine kings only such as should pay a
tribute Of Pontus Darius Pharnaces sonne Mithridates nephew Of the Idumeans Samaritanes Herode Of y Pisidiās Amyntaes Of part of Cilicia Polomon and others of other natiōs He sente his army that should haue wintered about him into Parthiena a natiō of illyria nigh to Epidamn◠that sometime entierly loued Brutus that he might acquaint thē to gayne exceccise Another army he sēt to Dardanes which is a people of Illyria also that was wōt to make rodes in Macedonia Other he cōmaunded to abide at Epirus y he might haue them all about him intending to winter at Athens He sent Furnius into frica to leade vj. legions of Sextius against the Parthians for he had not yet heard that Lepidus had taken them from Sextius These things being done he wintered at Athens with Octauia as he did at Alexandria with Cleopatra Only he looked on the letters y came frō his armies and leauing y habite of a Generall vsed y garmēts of a priuate mā and without a garde wēt in cōpany of two friēds to heare the lectors disputations of the Philosophers His dyet was after the Greciā maner hauing Octauia euer in his cōpany as one y was fond vpō womē Winter being ended he changed his maner gouernement He had his officers Captaines attending at his gates and all things were done to make feare The Embassagies that were differred were now heard audience was giuē ships were prepared and all full of businesse Whilest Antony was thus occupyed the league betwéene Caesar and Pompey was broken for some secrete cause but the open matter was this Antony cōmitted Morea to Pompeyus vpon this condition that he shoulde pay their debtes or sée them paide or leaue the matter safe He tooke not the prouince wyth this cōditiō but to haue the coūtrey with the debts Being gréened at this of his peruerse nature as Caesar said or bycause he enuye to that others should haue greater armies than he or for that he gaue too much credit to Menedorus that said it was no peace but a truce he repaired other ships gathered his Gallies made an oratiō to his army declaring how war must néedes follow troubled y sea by rouers so as little commoditie came to y Citie by that accord wherfore it was spokē openly that peace was not made for to reléeue thē of perils but to adde the fourth to y nūber of Tyrantes encreased Caesar tooke some of the Pyrats put thē to y torture to make thē confesse y Pompey sent thē Caesar told it to y people signifyed it to Pompey by letters Pompey excused it cōplained of y dealings touching Peloponneso The noble mē that remained with Pompey perceiuing him to be always ruled by thē that had bin his bondmē killed some of his fréemade mē either of thēselues or to please Caesar to kindle him against Menodorus hys maister Thys they did of purpose for the hate they bare to Menodorus At y time Philadelphus a fréemade mā of Caesars sayled to Menodorus for corne Micilio a most sure friēd to Menodorus wēt to deale with Caesar for him promising him y rule of Sardinia and Corfica with three legiōs many friēds This matter practised either by Philadelphus or for displeasure of Pompey Caesar would not at the first but at lēgth accepted it thinking y peace to be brokē in déede called Antony frō Athens to Brunduse at a certayne daye for this war and sent for the Gallies frō Rauenna and y army frō Lombardy to lye at Brūdusio Putzolo to inuade Sicelie on both sides if Antony would agrée thervnto Antony came at his day not finding Caesar there tarried not either for y he liked not of y war against y truce or for y he saw Caesar make great preparatiō for both of thē were ambitious of rule or for y he was feared with a token for one of y watch of his tēt was deuoured of a Wolfe al saue y face as though it shuld be knowē who it was whiche was done without any crie or noise And the Brundusians said they saw a Wolfe runne frō his pauiliōs by breake of day notwithstanding he wrote to Caesar not to breake y couenant made and threatned to take Menedorus as his slaue for he was bond to Pompey the great whose goodes he had bought Caesar sent his officers to receiue Sardinia and Corsica of Menodoro and fenced y coast of Italie with many fortes that it should not be so subiecte to Pompeys rouing Hée commaunded that more Gallyes should be made at Rauenna and Rome and sent for a great army from Illiria Menodorus he made a fréeman and to guide y Nauie that he brought as Vice admirall vnder Caluisius He continued leysurely in making preparation and was angry with Antony that he would not tarrie With y Nauie prepard at Rauenna he badde Cornificius go to Tarento As he wente a tempest rose and crushed the chiefe Shippe wherein Caesar should goe which was thought an euil token And whereas the people thought that warre to be made against the truce Caesar to auoyde that suspition wrote to the people of Rome and spake to the army that Pompey had broken the league by sending Pryats to the Sea which was playne by the confession of Menodorus and the Pirats themselues Whereof Antony wasnot ignorant and therefore would not let him haue Peloponesus Whē he thought himselfe well furnished he sayled into Sicelie from Tarent Caluisius Sabinus and Menodorus from Tuscane and his armye came by land to Reggio and with great hast all things wer done And Pompey did not knowe that Menodorus was fledde till Caesar was come and sayled againste both the Nauies Himselfe tarried at Messina and sent Menecrates against Caluisio and Menodoro that was a greate enimie of his being of his condition He came in sight of the enimie in the euening They withdrew to y gulfe of Cuma and there rested that nighte Menecrates wente to Aenaria In the morning Caluisius Nauie coasted the shore of Cuma in the forme of a Crescent to kéepe off the enimie Menecrates came forth and made spéede againste the enimie whome bycause he could not drawe into y déepe sea he set vppō them as they were and kept thē at the shore where they defended themselues He might take the sea when he would and come agayne more fiercely and change his Shippes at his pleasure but they coulde not stirre but kéepe them from their aduersaries on the one side and from the rockes on the other side When Menedorus and Menecrates saw one another they lefte the rest of their Nauies and came togither with rage and noyse and it séemed that which of them ouercame shoulde be the conqueroure of the Nauie Their Shippes with great violence crushed one another so as y sterne of Menodorus shippe was broken and
this place with the figure of the man and the Asse he did sette vp afterwarde in a table of Brasse in the common place of Rome When hée had ouerlooked the residue of his nauie he betooke himselfe to the righte battayle and behelde his enimies quiet in the straights For it séemed they had lien at anchor and so helde his shippes backe a good while beyng twoo miles off At sixe of the clocke a good gale beganne to blowe when as Antonies Soldiours would tarry no longer but trustyng in the greatnesse of their ships moued the lefte battayle When Caesar sawe that hée was gladde and held still his right battaile that he might the more get his enimies out of the straightes and with his swifte shippes fighte with the huge heauy vessels of his enimies which were nothing well manned When the onset was giuen they did not couragiously encounter for Antonies ships could not well stirre to giue a good assault â–ª whiche is best done by mouyng Caesars shippes were not sitte to gyue the charge vpon the front bycause of the others sharpe and strong beakes nor durst do it on the sides for breakyng of their owne beakes for the greate tymber and yron worke of those mighty vessels Therefore it was like a fight on lande or rather as I may say it an assault of a wall For thrée or foure of Caesars did set vpon one of Antonies and fought with theyr dartes pykes and fyred weapons And Antonies menne flong downe theyr weapons from their towers out of their casting Engines Agrippa began to stretch foorth to compasse the rest whiche when Publicola dyd sée he was forced to do the same and so diuided from the midde battayle And the fighte beyng very sore on bothe sides and vncertayne to whome the victorie woulde fall Cleopatra with hyr thréescore shippes whiche were placed behinde the greate shippes brake thorough to their greate disorder and tooke themselues to flight Here did Antonie shewe himselfe to haue forgotten his office and charge and verified the olde saying That the minde of a louer liueth in an other body For as though he had bene annexeb to hyr and coulde neyther lyue nor die without hir by and by so soone as he saw hir shippe vnder sayle he forsoke all and left his soldiours to the slaughter of his enimie for whom they shed their bloudes and with two companions of Aegypt got into a Brygandine folowyng Cleopatra to bring both hir and himself to reprochfull death When she did sée him commyng she sette out a flagge to call hym so hée beyng hoysted vp to hyr did not looke vppon hyr nor shée vppon him but wente and satte solitarie in the foreparte of the shippe holdyng his hedde with bothe his handes Shortly Caesars swifte shippes that did followe hym were in sight whome Antonie put backe sauing one in the whiche Euricles was who fiersly pursued shakyng his speare with threatnyng woordes Antonie standyng still and askyng who is hée that foloweth Antonie it is I quoth hée Lacharis sonne that by the good fortune of Caesar do pursue thée for my Fathers death Yet did he not take Antonies shippe but the other that was of the same goodlinesse in the whiche was all the riche furniture of Cleopatra When hée was gone Antonie satte still after one sorte and in one place and spake not to Cleopatra eyther for anger or for shame But when hée was come to Tâ—naro the womenne that were familiar to them bothe brought them to talke and then to borde and bedde Entendyng to sende from thence into Africa he choose one of the Quéenes riche shippes full of Golde and Siluer and gaue it to hys fréendes wishyng them to prouide for themselues And when as they wepte and prayed hym to be of chéere hée desired them to folowe hys requeste and wrote to Theophilus hys officer at Corinth to gyue them quicke dispatch and to helpe to hyde them till Caesar might bée pacified Many of the shippes of burden and some of his frendes were come from the fight declaryng that the nauy was loste but they thought the army by lande was safe Wherefore he wrote to Canidius to make haste by Macedonia and bryng his armie into Asia In this case was Antonie Caesar had a long fighte with Antonies nauie the whiche at length by the vehemencie bothe of the rage of the Sea and courage of the enimie gaue ouer onely fiue thousande beyng slayne and thrée hundreth skippes taken There were but fewe that knewe of Antonies fléeyng and when they hearde it they wondred as at a thyng incredible That he hauyng ninetene legions of footemen and twelue thousande horsemen woulde forsake all and runne away as though hée had not knowne the vnstablenesse of Fortune and had not proued the chaunce of warre full many a tyme The Souldiours thought still hée woulde come among them in so muche as when Caesar sente messengers to them they reiected them and so continued seuen dayes but when their Capitayne Canidius was stolne away by night and they left comfortlesse they yéelded to the Conquerour who sayled vnto Athens and makyng vnitie with the Gretians distributed corne among them being afflicted before with all kynde of exaction and seruitude When Antonie had sent Cleopatra into Aegypt from Paretonio hée wente into Affrica with twoo fréendes only the one a Gretian and the other a Romane and there lyued solitarily till hée heard that hys Lieftenauntes there hadde forsaken him Then he would haue kylled himselfe but hys fréendes did stoppe him And so hée wente againe to Cleopatra who was diuising by great expenses to carrie hyr nauie into the nooke of the strayghtest place of the Sea that is thought to diuide Affrike and Asia that she might bée safe from inuasion But bycause the first shippes that came had euill lucke and for that Antonie hoped hys footemenne were safe at Actio hée causod hyr to leaue off and â—ensed the mouthes of the floudde Nilus This beyng done Antonie buylded him an house in the Sea at the Lanterne and ramped it aboute separating himselfe from the company of men Affirmyng hée woulde folowe the trade of Timon that was surnamed Hater of men For when as he was forsaken of his fréendes and deceyued of suche menne as he had brought to aduauncement hée tooke this ingratitude so to the harte that hée woulde refuse all mens societie euen as Timon dyd who was a Citizen of Athens and called that house Timons Tabernacle The firste that brought hym newes of the losse of hys footemen at Actio was Canidius hymselfe And shortly after it was tolde hym that Herode the Iewe was gone to Caesar with certayne legions and that other Prynces dyd the lyke none of these thyngs dyd moue him but as beyng well wyllyng to leaue bothe hope and care contented hymselfe with Timons Tabernacle But beyng otherwise perswaded by Cleopatra he came to
the courte to Alexandrîa and there gaue hymselfe to feasting and banquettyng so as the Alexandrians dyd nothyng else a great whyle but make good cheere This maner of felowship vsed among them that woulde lyue they forsooke and beganne an other whiche was called of them that woulde die togither the whiche was not inferiour to the other in delicacie nor superfluitie and as many as had sworne to dye togither made suche feastes in order by course one to an other Cleopatra beside all this gaue hyr selfe to the searche of moste spéedy poyson and venom and caused not onely suche growyng thyngs as were accompted moste effectuous to be sought but also the lyuing beastes and Serpentes and made a proofe of them all in some of hyr folkes Then bothe shée and Antonie sente to Caesar Shée requyred that the kyngdome of Aegypt myght be entayled to hyr chyldren Antonie desired hée myght lyue a pryuate lyfe in Athens if hée might not doe it in Aegypt For lacke of other fréendes they were fayne to sende Euphronius their Schoolemayster to him For Alexas of Laodicia had deceyued Antonie and by the meane of Herode the Iewe gaue hymselfe to Caesar who dyd not accepte hym put him in chaynes and sent him to die in his countrey This rewarde had hée for hys vnfaithfulnesse to Antonie Caesar would not heare Antonyes requests but promised Cleopatra all kinde of courtesie if she woulde reiect Antony He sente his Liberte Thyrenus a learned man that might moue that magnificall Lady wyth the hope of so lusty a yong Emperoure He vsed so long and pleasing oration that Antony had him in suspition therefore he toke him and caused him to be whipped wrighting to Caesar that he was stirred by his pride and insolencie which would moue a man though he were in miserie And if this quoth he doth gréeue you take my Liberte Hipparchus y is with you and whippe him and then we shall be euen Nowe Cleopatra that she might wipe away all suspition honoured hym maruellously and celebrating hir owne birth daye meanely as hir case required she honoured his so nobly and princely that many that came pore to the feast wâ—nt rich away At this time Agrippa wrote to Caesar from Rome that in anye wise he should repaire thither for the case required his presence By this occasion the warre againste Antony was deferred tyll the next sommeâ— when Caesar sent forces againste his Captaynes in Affrike and went himselfe against him in Asia And when he had taken â—elusio it was suspected that Cleopatra was contented that Seleucus shoulde deliuer it but she to purge this crime toke the wife and children of him to be punished She had a goodly sepulchre made ioyning to the Temple of Isis in the whiche she had placed all hir treasure and princely things And Caesar being afrayd that if she were driuen to desperation she woulde set all on fire put hir in great hope alwayes Now was he come wyth his army to the Citie and his horsemen lay at the horserace vppon the which Antony came out so fiercely as he droue them to the Camp. Then he returned into the Court and tooke Cleopatra in his armes and kissed hir and recommended him vnto hir that had fought best and she gaue him an head péece and a coate armour of golde Yet he that night fledde to Caesar Then Antony challenged Caesar once againe to fight hande to hand Caesar aunswered there were many wayes for Antony to dye Then seing there was no way so honourable to dye as in fight Antony determined to set vpon Caesar both by Sea land and at supper bad his meÌ„ drinke make merry for he coulde not tell if they should do so any more or serue other Lords for as for himself he shuld not liue And wheÌ„ they wept at the words he sayd he would not leade theÌ„ to a fight by the which he might rather hope for a glorious death thaÌ„ a sure triumphaÌ„t victorie About midnight was heard ouer al the citie such a pleasant noyse musicke as is went to be vsed in that sacrifice of Bacchus the which weÌ„t forth of y Citie into the enimies Camp. It was expounded that the God whom he had most serued did now also forsake him In the morning he brought forth his footemen placed theÌ„ vpoÌ„ the hilles about the citie where he stood to sée that successe of his nauie the which comming nigh to that enimie saluted theÌ„ as friends they did the like so yéelded to theÌ„ When this was perceyued Antonyes horsemeÌ„ fled to Caesar also his footemen did fight it out were ouercome which being done he retired into the citie crying he was betrayd of Cleopatra to theÌ„ against whome he had made war for hir sake She being afrayd of his furie got hir into hir Scpulchre causing the bridge to be drawne to be kept close and shut This done she sent one out to tell him that she was dead WheÌ„ he heard it he sayd Why teÌ„ptest thou Antony TheÌ„ he weÌ„t into his ChaÌ„ber vnharnessed him saying O Cleopatra I am not tormented that I am without thée for I wil soone be with thée but that I being so great a Captayne should be preueÌ„ted of thée y art but a womaÌ„ in such a case of fortitude Heros his faithful seruaÌ„t was with him whom before he had sworne to kill him wheÌ„ he should commaund it Now saith he is the time for thée to do it and toke him his sword He turned his face and killed himself and fell dead at Antonyes féete Ah good Eros quoth Antony where thou couldest not abide to doe it to me thou hast taught me to do it my selfe and so he thrust the sword into his belly and layd downe vppon his bed The stroke was not so great as it could dispatch hym there fore he commaunded them that were by to make an end of him but they went out of the chamber leauing him crying and lamenting til Diomedes came from Cleopatra to bring Antony to hir who hearing she was aliue commanded to be caried to hir in their armes to y dore of the monument which Cleopatra would not open but lot downe shéetes lines to heaue him vp whyche she and hir two women did that onely were with hir there It was a pitifull sight to sée him all bloudy and yéelding the ghost to be halled vp so hardly holding forth his hands and stretchyng himselfe toward hir as well as he could the pore womeÌ„ not hauing streÌ„gth ynough to do it till Cleopatra with both hir haÌ„ds beÌ„ding downeward as much as might be got him vp they that were below crying vpon hir to haue pitie vpoÌ„ him WheÌ„ she had him in she layde him vpoÌ„ a bed lamenting and tearing hir mourning wéede wiping the bloud froÌ„ his face called
him Lord husband Emperour forgetting hir owne sorow for cōpassion of him He being somewhat cōforted desired a cuppe of wine eyther for that he was a thirst or that he might the sooner be dispatched Whē he had dronke he wished hir to prouide for hir selfe so wel as she could hir honor being saued among Caesars friēds to trust Proculeius most and that she shuld not afflict hirselfe for him in this great alteratiō but rather comfort hirselfe that she had dealt with him that was most mighty ful of power who being a Romane was not thorough cowardise ouercome of a Romane This said he yelded the ghost whē as Proculeius was come frō Caesar for whē Antony had strickē himselfe was drawē up to Cleopatra Derceteus one of his gard toke his bloudy sword caried it to Caesar telling him how it stood which whē he heard he went into his closet wept for Antonyes chance that had bin a valiāt mā his cōpanion in many battels Then he red his letters to his friendes declaring how proudely arrogātly he answered to his gentle letters he cōmanded Proculeius to do all that he could to get Cleopatra aliue for he feared the destructiō of hir treasure thought it would be no smal honor to him if he might bring hir in triūph She wold not talke with Proculeius within but far of so as hardly hir voyce could be heard Hir request was that hir kingdome might be established to hir children Proculeius bad hir be of good chéere and remit al to Caesar and marking the place sent word to Caesar who sent Gallus to talke with hir and he of purpose prolōged the cōmunication till Proculcius hauing got scalling ladders with two more got into y window where Antony was taken in went streight to the place wher she was talking with Gallus Thē one of the womē cryed O vnhappy Cleopatra thou art takē aliue Thē she would haue strickē hirselfe for she ware a dagger but Proculeus ranne quickly and embraced hir with both his hands saying O Cleopatra you doe iniurie both to your selfe and to Caesar in taking from him the acte of clemencie and casting an infamie of vnfaithfulnesse Then he tooke the dagger from hir and cut hir garments that she shoulde haue no poyson about hir Then Caesar sent his freemade man Epaphroditus with commaundement that he shoulde in anye wise see hir kepte aliue in all other thinges doing most gently and curteously Then he entred the Citie with Arrius the Philosopher holding him by the hande that the Citizens mighte sée in what honor he had him Being come into the common hall and the Citizens lying prostrate for feare he willed them to rise saying he forgat them firste for Alexanders fame that builded the Citie then for the beautie of it thirdly for Arrius sake The body of Antony Caesar was contente that she shoulde burie which she did with hir owne hands by the labour whereof getting an agew she was glad she hadde suche a cloke to refrayne from meate and kill hirselfe with hunger whiche when it was perceyued Caesar threatned hir the losse of hir Children Then she was contente to be reléeued againe And after a fewe dayes Caesar came to sée hir and comforte hir She lying very homely in hir night gowne lept out of the bedde and fell downe at Caesars feete with trembling voyce and heauie chéere Hir body was deformed with hir owne stripes whereof the printes were séene hir eyes were sonke and hir couloure swart yet dyd hir behauiour declare that hir grace was not extinct whiche dyd appeare out of that forepined and wasted corpse Caesar willed hir to sit and he sate by hir she making excuses that she had done al for feare of Antony all the whiche when Caesar had reproued she gaue hir wholly to his mercy and toke him a note of suche treasure as she had The which when one of hir Treasurers Seleucus had corrected that she had hidde somewhat from him she lepte vnto him and knocked him aboute the pate whereat Caesar smyling and blaming hir O Caesar sayd she is it not a gréefe that séeing thou doest not disdeyne to visit me in this wofull estate to be accused of my seruants for kéeping a fewe womens thyngs wherewith I would winne thy wife Liuia and thy sister Octauia to make thée the more fauourable to me Caesar was glad of these words thinking she had desire to liue and granted hir al that and more to beyond all hope thinking he hadde deceyued hir but she deceyued him Cornelius Dolabella a noble yōg mā in Caesars camp had a great desire to Cleopatra to whom Caesar gaue leaue to come and tell hir that he would go home by lād through Syria and that she and hir children should be sent to Italy by shippe When she vnderstoode it she desired Caesar she mighte firste celebrate Antonyes funerall wherwith he was content She came to the graue with hir women and sayde Of late noble Antony I did burie thée being frée now I honor thy buriall being captiue and garded that I should not consume this wretched body with too much lamenting for thée whiche is reserued to be shewed in triumph of thée Other honours at my hand thou shalt not looke for being ready to be caried away from thée Nothing did separate vs lyuing but now in death we must be parted thou a Romane must lye héere and I vnhappy Egiptian in Italy so farforth to be partaker of thy Countrey but if the Gods there can do any thyng for oure Gods haue deceyued vs héere forsake not thy wife which is aliue neyther suffer in me a triumph to be made of thée but burie close me héere with thée For of infinite gréefes there is none so great to me as this shorte time that I haue lyued without thée When she had ended these laments and put on garlands and kissed the graue she commaunded a bath to be made readye for hir When she was washed she wente to meate and had greate chéere then a chest was brought out of the Countrie to hir by a man and the gard asking what it was he toke away the leaues and shewed them the figges They maruelling at the forme and greatnesse of them the man smiled and desired them to take thē They suspecting nothing bad him carrie them in After this she sent Caesar hir writings sealed Then all other being remoued but hir two women she shut the dores When hir letters were come to Caesar he redde them and founde hir onely request to hée with greate petition to be buryed by Antony whiche when hée saw he suspected by and by what was a doing and was mynded to haue gone streight thither hymselfe yet first sent to sée what was done but she was dispatched suddaynely For they that ranne
302 Actes of Pompey pag. 123 Accrre a citie besiâ—ged pag. 27 Adoption greatly regarded in Rome pag. 224 Adrumeto â—â—tie vvhere Caesar loseth pag. 148 Adriaticail sea quiet to Caesar in vvinter pag. 103 Adrian the Emperour ordeyneth Lieftenants pag. 25 Aeneas buylded Iauino pag. 84 Aegles seuen in Manus lappe pag. 38 Aegels tvvo flght in Casius campe pag. 299 Aenobarbus touched of conspiracie pag. 335 Aenobarbus cleare from conspiracie pag. 335 Aenobarbus vvasted the three mens dominions pag. 31â— Aenobarbus reconciled to Antonie pag. 330 Aenobarbus sent into Pythima pag. 336 Aenaria novv Ischia pag. 336 Actna affrayeth the Germanes pag. 357 Aemâ—lius condemned pag. 244 Affection of Lucius and Caesars Soldiours pag. 338 Affrica â— prouince of tvvo names pag. 260 Affrica appoynted to Lepidus pag. 311 Afranius valiantly dâ—eth pag. 29 Agamemnon a taunt to Pompey pag. 111 Agrippa most trusty to Caesar Oâ—lauius pag. 320 Agrippa hath a victorie of the Frenche pag. 2â—â— Aâ—â— Telemininus resembled by Pompey pag. 110 Alâ—â—nouâ—nus ioyneth vvgh Marsus pag. 37 Alexandriane killesh their kyng pag. 61 Altercation of â—ibulus and Caesar pag. 78 Alexander compared vvith Caesar pag. 100 Altare â— dedicate to Caesar pag. 157 Aâ—naria vvhere the meetyng vvas to make peace vvith Pompey pag. 350 Antonie a light man pag. 310 A 〈…〉 let vp an Altare to Caesar pag. 10â— A 〈…〉 kylled by Antonie pag. 16â— Antonie vvâ—ll haue Caesars aâ—tes ratified pag. 151 Antonie taketh Caesars money and vvaytinge pag. 146 Antonie afrayde of the killers pag. 146 Antonie contemneth Octanius pag. 171 Antonie gardeth his house pag. 141 Antonie put out of the Senate house pag. 92 Antonius the Orator killed of Marius pag. 44 Antonie giueth cities to the Atheniens pag. 300 Antonie seeketh henenolence of the people pag. 166 Antonie recryueth Casâ—us brother pag. 300 〈◊〉 taketh Cassius campe pag. 200 Antonie crovvneth him that brought Ciceroâ—t head pag. 140 Antonie sendeth Brutus body to his mother pag. 304 An ouâ—â— â—â—placable to the conspirationes pag. 300 Antonie ordeyneth kingdomes at his pleasure pag. 300 Antonie vieth the Greeke fishion pag. 3â—1 Antonie vvinteth vvâ—â—â— Cleopatrae pag. 3â—1 Antonie calleth Octinus â—â— busie Long man pag. 182 Antonies ansvvere to Octunius pag. 1â—4 Antonies ansvvere to the messengers of the killers pag. 145 Antonies ansvvere to 〈◊〉 decreeâ— pag. 204 Antonies ansvvere to the Capitaynes pag. 184 Anthâ—ses Pâ—nus Caesars â—uncellers pag. 163 Antonie helpeth Octanius â— pag. 338 Appolonia novv Palloâ—â— got by Caesar pag. 110 Antium citie a treasurie pag. 317 Arabio king taketh Pompeye parte pag. 26â— Apiâ—lâ—â—ns renoiâ—e from the Romanes pag. 25 Antonie ouercome at Actio pag. 4 Ar 〈…〉 o taken by Caesar pag. 93 Asâ—ulames kill the Romane officers pag. 25 Asinius Polliâ— agaynst S Pompey pag. 2â—5 Arsinoe deliuered to death to please Cleopatra pag. 310 Asâ—â—ius killed sacrifising pag. 35 Attiliuâ— Seranâ—â— kylled pag. 44 Aurilia â—râ—stilla causeth Cateline to kil his sonne pag. 73 Aitâ—ius in Orphane bevvray eth himselfe pag. 246 Augustus title first gyuen to Octanius pag. â—4 Augustus moste mighty pag. â—4 Antonie vseth Pompeyâ— helpe pag. 333 Antonie fonde on vvomen pag. 342 Antonie chalengeth Menedorus for his slaue pag. 343 Archegeta an image of Apollo pag. 354 B. Bâ— Alhâ—â— killed of the three men pag. 141 Basillus Minutius killed pag. 227 〈◊〉 cause of renolre from Lucius pag. 320 Bebius killed of Maruis pag. 44 Beginning of ciuill vvarre pag. â—4 Beginning of vvarre betvveene the three meÌ„ pag. 33â— Beneuolence of the people turned to hate Antonie pag. 166 Tibulus leaueth his office pag. 7â— Tibulus chiefe of Pompeys nauie pag. 10â— Bibulus receyned to Antonies sauour pag. 252 Pocchus taketh Cyrta pag. 120 Bocthus agaynst Carinas pag. 318 Boâ—â—ano taken by Sylla pag. 53 Boldnesse of Antonie at Philippi pag. 202 Boldnesse of Clodius pag. 81 Boldnesse of Caesar pag. â—28 133 Boldnesse of Sylla pag. 36 Boldnesse of Iucius Antonius pag. 320 Bolde acte of Carbo pag. 55 â—rytaine sea sayled by Caesar pag. â—51 Brundusâ—ins receyue Sylla pag. 48 Brundusians reiect Antonie pag. 333 Brutus killeth a flane accusing his Maysters pag. 274 Brutus speaketh boldely of his facte pag. 153 Brutus inuadeth the Lycians â–ª pag. 271 Brutus all night in aâ—â—niâ—e on an hill pag. 301 Brutus taketh Octauius his campe pag. 200 Brutus getteth treasure by chance pag. 271 Brutus nameth Antonie Caesars drudge pag. 301 Brutus ouerruled of his Souldiours pag. 207 Brutus bad angell appeared to him pag. 303 Brutus ouerthrovv the vvorke of god pag. 303 Brutus most gentle and learned pag. 303 Brutus â—aâ—to against Caesar punished by god pag. 303 Bythâ—â—â—cuâ— killed by S. Pompey pag. 33â— Brutus vvarned of his death pag. 303 Brittâ—â—â—â— sea first sayled by Caesar pag. 160 C. CAssius plagueth the â—â—odes pag. 268 Cassius excuseth his faâ—te pag. 152 Cassius deliuereth his nauâ—e to Caesar pag. 124 Cassius loseth his campe pag. 200 Cassius dispayteâ—h to soone pag. 2â—â— Cassius offiâ—th himselfe to be killed pag. 201 Cassius of Parma gathereth the scattered pag. â—â—6 Caesar prâ—â—â—â— to Caâ—â—â—â—nes conspiracâ—e pag. 76 Caesar spendeth all to get the peoples fauour pag. 80 Caesar letteth Pompeys soldiours go free pag. 97 Caesar planteth his campe at Pharsalo pag. 110 Caesar exhorteth his Souldiours to take Pompeys campe pag. 120 Caesar receyneth Câ—tos sonne to grace pag. 131 Caesar sayth he is no king pag. â—36 Caesar receyâ—eth 200. daâ—tes on his shselde pag. 133 Caesar putteth avvay his gardâ— pag. 136 Caesar hath the fallyng sicknesse pag. 136 Caesar consult for tenne yeares if he vvill pag. 135 Caesar asketh the consuâ—ship by his friends pag. 77 Caesar vvise counsell in sauing the Romanes â–ª pag. 134 Caesar killed of them he loâ—ed pag. 14â— Caâ—â—â—sius ouerthrovvne of Pompeys father in lavv pag. 107. Caesar body brought into the commoÌ„ place pag. 157 Câ—lâ—â—iâ—â—â— preseâ—â—e â—â—rius pag. 330 〈…〉 killed of Octauius pag. 330 Carâ—â— ouerthrovvne pag. 55 Carinas killed of Sylla pag. 56 Capitol set a fire pag. 50 Capitol a common treasure house pag. 3â—7 Capitol taken by the killers of Caesar pag. 143 Capito killed in his ovvne house pag. 243 C 〈…〉 â—isteth Caesar pag. 130 Caâ—â— â—leeth to Pompey â–ª pag. â—0 Causes of Soldiours disorder pag. â—43 Câ—â—â—egus ioyneth vvith Maâ—â—us pag. 37 Câ—â—â—â—gus put to death by Cicâ—â—o pag. 76 Cicâ—â—o made Consull pag. 74 Cicâ—â—o â—â—â—led father of the countrâ—â— pag. 76 Cicâ—â—o most eloquent pag. 74 Cicâ—â—o and his brother condemned pag. 239 Cicâ—â—o his sonne sent into Greâ—â—â— pag. 259 Cinna cruell pag. â—9 Cinna killed of his Soldiours pag. 4 Cicero accuseth Clodie pag. 87 Clodie accuseth Cicero pag. â—â— Clodius killed of Milo. pag. 84 Cluâ—â—tius dieth valiantly pag. 37 Cassius killed on his birth day pag. 2â—0 Caluisius put from his office pag. 349 Causes of Lucius hinderance pag. 32â— Coccâ—â—us friend to Antonie and Octauius pag. 334 Comparison of â—rutus and Cassius pag. 138 Commoâ—â—on â—â— Italie for diuision of land pag. 311 Conspâ—racie three headed pag. 7â— Competitours
being molested in Spayne by Sertorius and at home in Italie by ciuil warre Therefore saide he thorough their negligence the Sea hathe long tyme béene full of Pyrates Confederates haue they none nor willingly auye wil be vnder them Do you not sée these noble men sayde hée shewing Varius and the Lucians to be enimies to their Country and friends to vs When he had said thus and stirred his armye hée wente into Bythinia Nicomedes beyng dead without a chylde and leauyng his kingdome to the Romanes And Cotta that was presidēt there a man of litle skill in warre fledde to Calchida with his power and Bithynia was agayne vnder Mithridates all the Romanes fléeing to Cotta into Calchide And Mithridates comming thither Cotta for lacke of experience came not foorth Nudus his admirall with part of the army tooke the stronger parte of the fielde from the whiche beyng driuen hée fled to the gates of Chalcide by many hedges with great paine At the gate there was great thrust of them that would get in so as no darte was caste in vayne of them that folowed Wherefore the kéepers beyng afrayde of the gates they let the barres fall from the tower and tooke vp Nudus and other Capitaynes by ropes The other did perishe betwéene their fréendes and their enimies holdyng vp their hāds to the other Mithridates vsing the course of good fortune brought his shippes that day to the porte and breakyng the barre that was of yron he burned foure of the enimies shippes and tooke the other thrée score neyther Cotta nor Nudus resistyng kéepyng thēelues within the walles Thrée thousand were slayne of the Romanes Lucius Manlius a Senatour Mithridates loste twentie of the Basternians that first wente into the porte L. Lucullus beyng Consull and chosen generall of this warre brought one legion from Rome and had two of Fimbrias and beside them two more hauing in all thirtie thousand footemen and sixtene hundred horsemen and encamped agaynst Mithridates at Cyzico And vnderstandyng by the fugitiues that the king had thrée thousande men and his victuals brought by the foragers and from the sea he sayde to them that were aboute him that he would take his enimies without any payne and bad them remember it He espied an hill very fitte for his campe from the which he might get forage and kéepe it from his enimie He entended to get it as by it to winne victorie without daunger Beyng but one way very straight to it Mithridates kepte it with strength For so did Taxiles the other Capitaynes aduise him Lucius Manius that came frō Sertorius and made league with Mithridates Sertorius being now dead reuolted secretly to Lucullus sayth beyng receyued he perswaded Mithridates to lette the Romanes go and campe where they would for the two legions that were Fimbrias would straight reuolt and come to the kyng then what néede he vse force and slaughter when he might ouercome without fight Mithridates consenting to this very vnwisely and vncircumspectly suffered the Romanes to passe the streight without feare and to encampe at the hyll by hauyng of the whiche they might haue victuals behinde them brought without feare and Mithridates beyng shut with fennes hilles and floudes could haue none by lande but very litle neyther hauyng way to do it easily nor by force to compell Lucullus for the hardenesse of the passage whiche when he had in his power hée neglected winter beyng at hande the commyng of it by Sea woulde fayle Which when Lucullus perteyued hée put his fréendes in remembraunce of his promise and that hée spake to bée as it were performed Mithridates mighte then peraduenture haue passed thorough the middes of hys enimies with hys multitude but hée lette that passe also and gaue himselfe onely to the gettyng of Cyzico thynkyng by that to remedy bothe the wante and harde way and hauyng plentie of Souldiours wente aboute it by all meanes possible His nauie hée enclosed with a double wall and entrenched the rest of the Citie and set vp many rampiers and engines vpon them and towers and rammes couered and one called Helepolis of an hundred cubites vpon the which an other tower was set casting arrowes and stones diuerse weapons At the portes two Gallies ioyned togither bare an other tower from the which bridges were caste from the engine nigh the wall When all this was ready hée sente thrée prysoners to Cyzicus in shippes to the citie holding vp their hands and praying them to spare the people that were in daunger till Lisistratus their Captaune came to the walles and by a trumpette exhorted them to beare patiently their mischaunce When Mithridites was deceyued of this purpose hée brought the engine by shippes which threwe sodenly bridges vpon the wall and foure men ranne vpon them at the whiche the Cyzians amased for the straungers gaue place but no more commyng forth they tooke courage againe and killed those foure without and threwe fire and pitch vpon the shippes and made them tourne with theyr engine This at this enterprise of the sea the Cyzians had the better That day the third time he brought al his engines by lande at once they within labouring and putting them backe for all their violence The rammes they bet with stones or put them by with collats and brake their dint with peltes of wooll The fierie dartes they quenched with vineger and water and other with clothes cast against them or with sayles wrapped togither stopped the throwe They lefte nothing vndone that menne might doe and although they suffered all labour and resisted the euill yet at night parte of the wall was burned and fell but no manne durste enter for the heate and their Cyzianes made it vp again in the night And not long after a great storme of wind did breake the reste of the kings engines It is reade that this Cittie was in dowrie of Iupiter to Proserpine and the Cyziens honour hir most of all gods When their feast day came that they should sacrifice a blacke cowe they not hauing one made one of paaste when as a blacke cowe came to them by sea whyche going vnder the barre of the hauen ranne into the Cittie came to the temple and stoode at the aulter The which the Cyzians sacrificed with good hope Mithridates friendes counselled him to go from the Cittie being holy but he would not He went to Dindimus an high hill and made a trench from it to the Cittie and set it with towers and with mines digged the wall He sente hys horses leane for lacke of meate and lame for labour into Bythinia Lucullus mette with them as they wente to Rindacus and killed and toke many prisoners of men fiftéene M. of horses sixe thousand and many beasts of burden At this time Eumachus a Captaine of Mithridates ranne ouer Phrygia and slewe the Romanes both women and children then he inuaded Pisidus and
the wall and entred the Citie but being valiantly repulsed in their retire vnawares they fell into a fenne where a greate parte of them perished The Barbarians the night following made vppe theyr wall but at length when both sides was oppressed wyth famine Scipio promised them that there should be no fraude in their treatie to whome faith was giuen for the opinion of hys vertue This was the ende of thys warre that they shoulde deliuer tenne thousande Souldioures coates a certayne number of caitell and fiftie pledges The gold and siluer Lucullus could not haue for whose cause he made the warre thinking Spayne had bin full of it for those people hadde it not neyther doe these Celtiberians much estéeme suche things After this he wente toward Pallantia whiche was a Citie of greater name and power into the whyche many were fledde therefore many counselled him to leaue it but he ▪ bycause hée heard it was ▪ wealthy and riche did not followe their councell When he went to forage euer he had the Pallantine horsemen vpon him so as for lacke of victuall he was fayne to remoue his Camp and so ledde his army in a square battell the Pallantines euer following till he came to the floud Orius Then they went away at midnight and he returned to the Turditanes land and there wintered This end hadde the warre whiche Lucullus made with the Vacceans without the authoritie of the Senate Therfore that he shuld not come to iudgemēt being accused c. ¶ Notwithstanding another part of Spayne called Lusitania lyuing after their owne lawes with a certayne Captayne of Africa did spoyle the Countreys that obeyed the Romanes and whē they had ouerthrowen Manilius and Calphurnius Piso the Romane Captaynes they killed syxe thousande of them beside Terentius Varro that was treasourer by the whiche thing the Affrican being proude did runne ouer all the Countreys to the Ocean sea and ioyning the Vettones vnto him beséeged the Blastophenicians that were subiect to the Romanes with the whyche they say Anniball did mingle some of the Carthage generation therfore they were called Blastophenicians Thys Captayne was hurte on the head with a stone and dyed and in hys place succéeded another called Cessaro Hée foughte wyth Mummius that was come from Rome wyth another armye of whome being ouercome and Mummius chacing hym he returned vppon them that followed disorderly and kylled tenne thousande and recouered all hys prey and hys owne Campe whyche hée hadde lost and besyde spoyled the Romanes Campe and tooke theyr Ensignes the whyche they shewing throughout Spayne made a laughingstocke of the Romanes Mummius nowe Campyng in a strong place exercised the Souldioures whyche he hadde lefte whyche were fiue thousande and durst not bryng them into the playne tyll they hadde recouered theyr courage The Lusitanes albeit they inhabite the other syde of the floud Tagus yet they tooke armes and wasted the Cuneans that were tributaries to the Romanes Canchenus béeyng theyr Captayne and tooke Cunistorges theyr greate Citie and passed the Sea at the pillers of Hercules so as some of them wente into Affrica and some beséeged the Citie of Ocilis Mummius followed them with nine thousand footemen and fiue hundred horsemen and killed of them fiftéene thousande that wasted the Countreys and many of the other and deliuered Ocile from the séege and then méeting with them that raunged that Countrey he destroyed them all so as not a messenger was left The prey that coulde be carryed he distributed to the Souldioures the rest he burned in the honor of the Gods that be the rulers of warre for the which things he triumphed at Rome at his returne M. Attilius succéeded him which in one rode killed seuen hundred Lusitanes and destroyed a great Citie called Ostrace and tooke all the countrey aboute yéelding for feare in the whiche some were of the nation of the Bottanes but so soone as Attilius departed to hys winter station they reuolted and beséeged certayne of the Romanes tributaries whome when Seruius Galba successor to Attilius would haue put from the séege of the sodayne when he had gone in one night and a day fiue hundred surlongs he shewed himselfe to the Lusitanes and put his souldioures wearie of their iourney to the fight forthwith and when he had put the enimie to flighte and foolishly followed them with his Souldioures weake and wearie the Barbarians séeing them scattered and manye times resting them for faintenesse turned and gaue a charge vpon them and killed seauen thousande of them Galba with the horsemen about him recouered himselfe at the Citie of Carmena where he gathered all them that escaped and when he had twenty thousand of the tributarie souldyoures he went into the borders of the Cuneans where he wintered at Cunistorge Lucullus who made warre with the Vacceans withoute the authoritie of the Senate comming that time into Turditania vnderstoode that the Lusitanes made warre vppon their neighboures therefore he sent some of his best Captaynes and killed fiftéene hundred of them as they passed a water and others that were fledde into an hill he compassed with trenches and mountes and killed a great multitude Then entring Lusitania he wasted one parte and Galba another Some that sente Embassadors to confirme the league made with Attilius and broken of them he receyued into friendship and compounded the master wyth them Also he fayned that he was sory for them and kllwel ▪ that they for continuall wante were driuen to spoyle and so breaking league made warre I know quoth he that you were cōpelled to it by the barennesse and want of your Countrey ▪ but I will put you into a plentifull soyle and diuide you into thrée seuerall places full of abundance They being allured by thys hope went from their owne houses whome being diuided into thrée partes he shewed them a playne where he had them stay till he came to shew them the place where they shoulde buylde their Citie When he was come to the firste he willed them to leaue their armour as friends which they did then he enclosed them with ditches and trenches and sent in his souldyource and caused them all to be kylled not one escaping they calling vpon the Gods for the breach of faith He did the like to the seconde and thirde before one vnderstoode of anothers calamitie and thus he reuenged fraude with fraude following the Barbarians vse no respect he had to y honor of Rome A few escaped among whome was Viriatus who after was Captayne of the Lusitanes and did greate feates and killed many Romanes Those things that were done afterwarde I will shewe in the other bookes But Galba who passed Lucullus in couetousnesse distributed a fewe things among the souldyoures and tooke the rest to hymselfe although he was most riche of all the Romanes He was a man that in peace where profite appeared would
and if Pine would holde the other Region of Agron hée myghte vse the Romanes friendshippe if he woulde refraine from the reste nor the Illyrians shoulde go to the Essians but with two boats and them vnarmed all the whiche they admitted And this was the firste doings of the Romanes and the Illyrians after the which they gaue libertie to Corcyra and Appolonia They gaue also rewardes to Demetrius for his reuolting yet dâ—spiâ—â—ng his infidelitie that came from him afterwarde For the Romanes contending thrée yeares with the Celtians aboute the floude Eridanus Demetrius not nowe passing of the Romanes bycause they were troubled with warre gote Histria an other nation of Illyria and compelled the Atintanes to reuolte from the Romanes When the Romanes had made an end with the Celtians they went by and by into Illyria and tooke the robbers that had ioined themselues with Demetrius and the other Illyrians And they killed Demetrius that fledde vnto Philippe of Macedonie and retourned wyth an Nauye and spoiled the Gulfe of Ionia and vtterlye ouerthrewe his Countrey Pharus conspiring with hym and 〈◊〉 and pardoned the other Illyrians that dydde agrée with Pine. This was the seconde warre and truce with the Illyrians The reste be described of me not in order and time but by the nations as I haue found them The Romanes inuaded Macedonie when Perseus raigned after Philippe Gentius an other king of Illyria allured with mony ioyned with Perseus stirred the Illyrians against the Romanes and didde caste the Romane Embassadoures into prison alleadging that they came not as Embassadoures but as espialls Wherefore Anitius the Romane Lieutenaunt tooke diuers of Gentius shippes and inuading the lande ouercame hym when he hadde shutte him in a place and he asked forgiuenesse he counsailed him to yéelde to the Romanes he desired thrée dayes respite which being granted and in the meane time his subiects forsaking him he desired he might come to Anitius Whyche when he did he knéeled on his knees with great shame and spake for himselfe The Romane President tooke him by the hand and badde him be of good chéere and tooke him to a banquet from the whiche as he was going he was taken and made prisoner and carried to Rome in triumphe with his sonne This warre of Gentius was finished in twentie dayes Aâ—milius Paulus that tooke Perseus and sente hym to Rome spoiled lxx of his Citties after this sorte Going priuily to Rome with great spéede and returning he promised the people forgiuenesse if they woulde bring in all their golde and siluer They agréeing to it he brought parte of his armye to euerye Cittie then commaunding the Captaines of the army at a daye in the morning to charge the Citizens by Trumpet that they shoulde bring all their golde and siluer within thrée houres space whiche béeing done he gaue the reste to his souldioures for spoile So Paulus in one houre spoiled .lxx. Cities The Aâ—â—eans and Palerians an other nation of the Illyrians inuaded that part that the Romanes held to whom the Romanes for other lettes sente Embassadors to affray them They would not obey wherfore the Romanes sent an army against theÌ„ of 10000. footemen and â–ª 600 â–ª horsemen They not being readye sente Embassadoures to aske pardon for their offences The Senate commaunded them to recompence them whome they had miâ—ried the whiche thing when they lefte vndone Fuluius Flaccus goeth against them with a great armye The warre consisted in Rhodes and was not fully ended Sempronius Tuditanus and Tiberius Pandusius ouercame the Iapodes within the Alpes Likewise the Segestanes did yéelde to Lucius Cotta and Metellus all the whiche shortely aâ—ter forsooke the Romanes The Dalmatians an other nation of the Illyrians inuaded them that obeyed the Romanes and woulde not admitte the Romane Embassadoures that came to them for that purpose wherfore I thinke the Romanes made warre vppon them when M. â—igulus was Consul As soone as Figulus cante they set vpon the former and droue them from the army into the fielde so as they fledde to the floude Narâ— and then they retyred for Winter was at hande Figulus then thinking he might of the sodaine disperse them he droue them all from their places till he came to the Citie of Delminium whereof the Dalmatians haue their name And where he coulde doe nothing against that Citie of the sodaine nor raise engines for the heigth of the wall he went abroade againe all being destitute and vnfurnished For the wasting aboute Delminium he made certaine pearches of two cubites long laide ouer with pitch sulpher and towe and with his slings threwe them into Delminium the which being fyred by the violence and like lamps fléeing in the aire did set on fire whatsoeuer they touched so as many were consumed by fire Wherof ended the war of Figulus In time following Cecilius Metellus being Consul when the Illyrians had offended nothing he woulde néedes make warre to triumphe of them of whome being receiued friendly and remayning in Salon their Cittie that winter he triumphed of nothing Caesar when he made warre vppon the Celtians the Dalmatians flourished and tooke a Citie from the other Illyrians called Promonâ— which belonged to the Lyburnians The Lyburnians gaue themselues to the Romanes fled to Caesar Caesar sent Embassadors to them exhorting them to restore â—omâ—nâ— to the Lyburnians They despâ—sing it he sent an army which was ouerthrown of y IllyriaÌ„s â–ª Caesar being occupied with other cares the sedition of Pompey folowing did nothing to them but sayled with his whole armye in a contrary tempest to try the matter with Pompey in Macedonia The rest of the army Antonie brought to Caesar by Macedonia Then in a gret tempest Gabinius assayed to being to Caesar xl bands of footmen .iij. M. horsmen by Illyria whom the Illyrians for feare of that he had done thinking the victorie of Caesar would be their confusion resisted Gabinius slew al saue a fewe y fled with him got a great deale of money infinite spoile Caesar dissembled at thys for the necessitie of the war with Pompey When Pompey was ouercome Caesar went about to dispatch al the rest he returned to Rome determined a war againste y Gâ—tes the Parthians When the Illyrians heard of this and feared that Caesar would take them in his way to Parthia they sent Embassadors to Rome to aske pardon of their faultes and extolled the worthie nation of the Illyrians and would become friendes Caesar being minded to go against the Parthians answered them sharpely that he would not haue them for friendes that had vsed him so vnfriendly yet he woulde spare them if they woulde paye tribute and pledges They promising bothe hée sente Atinius to them with thrée legions and a great band of horsemen to take pledges and small tributes When Caesar was dead they thought that the power
betrayd of his army Iupiters Temple in the Capitoll on fire Sertorius fleeth into Spayno Riuer of Poâ— AEsis novve Fiemesino betvveene Spoleto and Ancons The fight betvvene Metellus and Carinna â—â—â—neste not farre from Rome 〈◊〉 novv in Roman â— Seâ—â— not farre from 〈◊〉 The battayle betvveene Sylla and yong Marius Part of yong Marius Souldiers reuolt to Sylla Saâ—â—â—ites killed Sena a Citie in Tuscane an hundreth miles on this side Rome Crueltie of yong Marius agaiâ—â—â— some Citizens P. Antiâ—â—â—â—â— Pap. Carbo I. Domitius and I. Sccuolâ— slayne Sylla entreth Rome Sylla to the people Clusio is vnder the dominion of Sena vvhere Porsena the king of Tuscane helde his court Spanish Horsemen Claniâ— Clanius not farre froÌ„ Naples at the Citie of Acerra Saturnia in Campania Vritanes not farre from Otranto but farre from Rauenna Naples The battell betvveene Carbo and Sylla Fight at Clusio Fight at Spoleto an auntient Citie the vvhiche valiantly droue avvay Anniball after his victorie at the lake of Perugia and stucke continually to the Roâ—maines Carinna fleeth Martius goeth to relâ—â—uâ— Marius The â—my reâ—olte li from Martius M. Lamponius Pom. Telisius Gutta Capu mus come to relceue Marius Marius issueth vpon Lucretius Placentia is in Lombardy vvher Auniball ouerthrevv the Romaines A fight of Carbo and Norbanus against Metellus Airetio one of the tvvelue Cities of Tuseme about thirtie miles from Florence Albinouanus Fimbria killed himselfe in Asia not to be taken of Sylla Albinouanus killeth his friends and fleeth to Sylla The ende of Norbinus at Ebodes France on this side the Alpes Iucullus Placentia novve Pazenca in Lombardy Carbo quayleth The battayle at Clusio A fight before Nome Part of Syllas army fleeth The Portculice let dovvne cause of slaughter Fiftie thousande slayne before the gates of Rome 〈…〉 crâ—eitie againste the â—â—â—â—ites Martius and Caâ—â—â—n put to death Marius killeth himselfe Sylla taunteth The taking of Preneste and cruell handling of it Prenestines plaged Norba The miserable end of the Citizens of Norba There is another Citiâ— of this name in Spayne called Norba Augusta novv Alcan ara Sylla to the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Sylla to the 〈…〉 Proscoption is condemnation of death vvithout Iudgement Horrible crueltie of Sylla Extremitiâ— Cosyra an Hand in the coast of 〈…〉 Carâ—â— put to death 〈…〉 Faustus Oracle VVhen he vvrote to the Grecianes he named himselfe Epaphroditus that is acceptable to Venus A 〈…〉 Dictator Interrâ—gâ—â—â— A King for the meane time Interea Valerius Flaccus Dictator The office of a Dictator did ende in tvvo monethes Kings Consâ—ls Kings Olimpias a kinde of shevves vsed in Greece euery fyue yeaâ—â—â— according to the vvhich they made theâ—r accomptes of yeareâ— Some 〈…〉 â—â—â—â—â—tion of 〈…〉 〈…〉 â—â—creâ—â—e of Senatoures Servants made free and named Cornelians Lands giuen Lucretius killed 〈…〉 to the 〈…〉 Denied Kingdome All nations plaged by Sylla King of Egipt Thus Alexander vvâ—s left in Coo of his Grandmother Clâ—oâ—atra vvith great riches Alexandrianes kill their king Sylla being Dictator is chosen Consull Metellus Piuâ— The Emperoures vvere Consuls Sylla refuseth the Consulship â–ª Scruilius called Isauricus for Isauria a couÌ„trey in little Asia 〈…〉 eth 〈…〉 e. 〈…〉 us 〈…〉 s 〈…〉 〈…〉 s The rare 〈◊〉 of Sillas 〈◊〉 Confidence of Sylla Sylla suffereth a yong man to 〈◊〉 him The aunsvvere of Sylla Câ—sar follovveth not the example of Sylla Cuma is a pleasant place not farre from 〈◊〉 The povver of Sylla Nevv occasion of sedition by the Consuls C â–ª Catulus and Lapid 〈◊〉 Vision of Sylla Death of Sylla Age of Sylla Happy Contention for the buriall of Sylla Syllas corpse in a â—â—tter of gold Funerall of Sylla The receiuing of his body Prayses of Sylla Affections of men Funerall Oration Faustus his sonne vnder age In the field of Mars â–ª none buryed but kings Contention The Consuls bound by oth Lepidus refuseth to returne to the election Lepidus maketh vvarre A Battel betvvene the Consuls Lepidus ouercome and dyeth in Sardinia in the sea of Libya called Sanda liotis bycause it is like the â—ole of a foote Sertorius Sertorius occasioÌ„ of nevv vvarre Sertorius maketh a Senate in Spayne Perpenna Pompey into Spayne Rodanus Rosne in Fraunce Eridanus Poo in Italy Iustice A vvâ—â—â—â—â—t 〈…〉 A vvhole bande put to deathe Pirenei mountaines diuide Spaine froÌ„ IraÌ„ce â–ª Lusitania Portugall Battel at Sura novve Sucrone Metellus ouerthrovveth Perpenna Sertorius ouercoÌ„meth Pompey A vvhite Harte Some thinke this battel vvas fought at Segobrida a tovvne in that part of Spaine also Seguntiâ— novve called Muruidero Pompey looseth Metellus gayneth â—â—thyâ—ia is the â—â—â—te Region â—o Troy ouer â–ª against Thracia Tvvo regions fell to the Romaines by Testament Trouble Sertorius remoueth the Romains from the guard of his person Sertorius cruell Griefe of the Romains Aragon Sertorius compared to Anniball Sertorius decayeth Perpeâ—â—a Conspiracie Death of Sertorius Miserie causeth pitie Portugales Perpenna founde to be heyre to Sertorius Perpenna cruel Fight betvvene Pompey and Perpenna Ouerthrovv of Perpenna Death of Perpenna VVisedome of Pompey Spartacus Mount de Soma Aenomaus Crissus oâ— Varinius Glaber â–ª P. Valerius vvere ouercome of Spartacus Firste the battel betvvene Spartacus and the Romaines Mount Gargano in Appulia novve called Mount S. Angelo Spartacus ouercometh the Consuls Sacrifice of meÌ„ Thâ—râ—s in Apulia vvhich the Romaines made a colonie and called it Copia Three yeares vvarre Zicin us Crassus Crassus doth execution Crassus ouercomâ—câ—â— The thuâ—â—â—ttel Spartacus â— yetâ— tovvard 〈…〉 The fourth battel Samnites novv Abrâ—â—zo Spartacus holden in Pompey appointed to this vvaâ— The last battel vvherin Spartacus vvas â—â—aint 〈…〉 the châ—eâ—â— Citie of Câ—ipâ—â—â—â— Contention betvvene Crassus and Pompey Crassus seketh to be Consul â–ª after Syllas appoyntment Pompey after the auntient maner Both chosen Consels The people require reconciliation Crassus relenteth first Pompey Pretor had the chaiâ—â— of the lavv Aâ—ddâ—s of houses and proâ—â—â—ion Catâ—ime Catâ—ime â—â—ileth his soune Cateline repulsed and Crâ—erâ— chosen confull Nevv man. VViues vveary of their husbandes Senatours Gentlemen 〈◊〉 vttereth the conspâ—acâ—e Q Carius 〈◊〉 chiefe minister or Cateâ—â—â—◠〈◊〉 The maner of the practise Cicero to be listed the câ—â—tâ— to be burned Cities had paâ—â—ones in Rome 〈◊〉 Cornelius â–ª a great surname in Rome Priuilege of CoÌ„sul elect Syllanus Disagrement 〈◊〉 the coÌ„spiracie 〈◊〉 vvith vvhom Cicero duâ—â—ste not contende 〈◊〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 â—â—Spaneâ—â—yne 〈…〉 ey 〈◊〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈◊〉 〈…〉 Pompey Lucuilus againste Pompey Crassus vvith Lucullus Pompey vvith Caesar 〈…〉 yueth 〈…〉 The 〈…〉 〈…〉 by 〈…〉 The 〈…〉 coâ—â—â—â—â—ed by â—n â—â—he Vetiuâ— deade Bibâ—lus gyueth ouer 〈…〉 â–ª 〈…〉 â–ª 〈…〉 to 〈…〉 〈…〉 â–ª 〈…〉 〈…〉 â—â—â—â—◠〈…〉 by 〈…〉 â–ª Demosthenes Clodius pulleth dovvn◠〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 h 〈…〉 〈…〉 Caeâ—â—r 〈…〉 A 〈…〉 the 〈…〉 Diâ—â—sion of Prouinces The calamitie of Crassus The death of Caesars daughter Rome disordered Fyrst three men â–ª Rome eigâ—te Moneths vvâ—â—â— out a Magistrate Dictator Mâ—â—â—â—â—â—â—yned by Pompey The Authour 〈…〉 â–ª 〈…〉 〈…〉 of 〈…〉 the 〈…〉 of
Clodie 〈…〉 bodye â—â— brought to 〈…〉 〈…〉 for the Senate house on fire M. Cecilius 〈…〉 geth 〈…〉 â–ª Mylo 〈…〉 His friends killed Great hurt done in Rome The name of Milo pretence of mischiefe By Catos perswasion Pompey CoÌ„sull alone Pompeys lavves against briberie 〈…〉 conÌ„t 〈…〉 tion of Milo c. 〈…〉 Memmius Hipseus 〈…〉 â–ª condâ—â—â—ed Scaurus banished Pompeyâ— father in lavv accused Pompey putteth on moâ—â—ning vvâ—â—dâ— Pompey taketh a selovve Senate estemeth Pompey Banâ—â—â—â—◠〈…〉 flye to Caesar Marcellus Ansvvere of Caesar Dispight of Marcellus Marcellus Pompey pretendeth regarde to Caesar Paulus and Câ—no vvon by money 〈…〉 Calidius 〈…〉 Question for Caesar propouÌ„ded The people prayseth Curio 〈…〉 to the Senate Curio againste Pompey Pompey departeth angry Senate better liketh of Pompey The authoritie of a Tribune 〈…〉 The Souldyers of Casar 〈…〉 o him 〈…〉 tation to Caesar and Pompey 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 Caesar out of 〈…〉 deuided France and Germany The old diuâ—sion of Italy vvas â—◠〈◊〉 and the 〈◊〉 Râ—bâ—con and thereaboute Request of Caesar After this accompt it should be three hundred myles Caesars letters to the Senate L. Domitius Determination against Caesar Antonitus Casâ—â—s Tribunes Antenie lamenteth Antonie prophecieth Caesar shevveth the Tribunâ—s to his army Preparation for Pompey againste Caesar Thessalia vvas a Countrey of Greâ—â—â— Speedlinesse of Caesar Caesar manner 〈…〉 â— Then France extended to â—â—â—mino vvhich iâ— novve in that part of Italy that is called Româ—gâ—a one of the 18. Colonies that ayded the Romaines against Annihall Rubicon deuideth Italy ouer the vvhich he that passed in armes vvas a Rebell Caesar stayd at the Riuer of Rubicon The saying of Caesar Caesar entreth Italy Caesar taketh Arimeno Feare of Caesar The Consuls suffer not Pompey to take the right course of vvarre Tokens 〈…〉 〈…〉 to the 〈…〉 〈…〉 forsaketh 〈…〉 â—â—râ—â—â—io is novv 〈…〉 Caesar taketh 〈…〉 and â—â—â—eth hâ—m â—â—â—ie to goe vvhere he â—â—â—t Novv Alâ—â—â—ia 〈…〉 not in â—he Itaâ—â—â—◠〈…〉 â—oâ—◠〈…〉 Ioniâ—â— Sâ—a Phrgâ—â— oâ— Asia the â—â—â—â—e Tâ—â—lantines 〈…〉 Naâ—â—â— Corâ—yriâ—â—â— be of the â—â—e Coâ—â—â—â— Tâ—â—â—â—dides Consuls â—â—iâ—ed at Dâ—rizzo 〈…〉 â—run luse Hydrunto novve Oâ—â—râ—â—to Tarentum Sardinia â—â—â—in â—â— Pollio Cato guieth place to Asinius Pollio Caesar to Rome Caesar taketh the treasure â—â— Antonius Hortensius Dolabella Caesar into Spain Afranius and Petreius Herda a Citie in Aragon at the floud â—ycorâ— Caesar in distresse A token of yelding Caesars gentlenesse Petreius furious Caesar hath Spayne Actius Varus Iuba taketh Pompeys parte Imperator vvas the terme in Latine for such a generall Scipios tentâ—es VVater poysoned Curios armie infected 〈◊〉 The distresse of Curio Curio killed Flamma â—lieth Couetise of Merchants Romaine Souldiours shotte to death 〈◊〉 to the seditious Souldiours Caesar maketh vvinter vvarre Caesars army Pompeys army Pompeyâ— Oraâ—iâ— The Atheniens s â—â—â—â—e their Citie â—y the peâ—â—â—â—sioÌ„ of 〈…〉 Ardea i◠〈…〉 â—â—â— pâ—â— is deceâ—â—â—d in Câ—â—â—â—◠〈…〉 〈…〉 to hys souldâ—ours Expedition Attempts â—â—â— dayâ—◠〈…〉 â—â— sâ—â—ved by vveather Oriâ—â— â—â—sâ—â— hath 〈…〉 â–ª a Citie of 〈…〉 in the maâ—ches of 〈…〉 〈…〉 it is 〈…〉 â—s in the Greekeâ— Durazzo hathe â—â—â— long in the Turkes â—◠〈…〉 but lately â—t vvas gotten by the 〈…〉 〈…〉 hâ—th 〈…〉 〈…〉 â–ª Pompey 〈…〉 â—â— to Durazzo before Caesar â–ª and getteth agayne Oriâ—o Alore floude Caes 〈…〉 to 〈…〉 〈…〉 himselfe â—asor is blamed Caesar sendeth for his men Antonio One of Caesars killeth tvvo of Pompeys Pompey retireth Gabinius loseth men in Slauonia Caesarâ— shippes 〈…〉 N 〈…〉 nesse * * * â— hâ—s Souldier as Caesar vvâ—â—â—nteth of him receyued 1 2 ◠〈◊〉 on â—hys Sâ—â—â—â—d and 2 â— prickes and 7. vvounds on nâ—â— bodye at thys tyme and oâ— another â—â— â—â—â—ce vvhen his head-peece vvas broken and â—e hâ—rt in the racâ— and in the thigh hys shielde stâ—icken dovvne hys svvord broken he lept into the Sea armed as he vvas and caâ—e safe to Caesar crying parce Imperator bycause it vvas a fault to bee vnarmed Plutarch telleth of such another vvheÌ„ Caesar vvas in Englande and hee nameth one â—cilâ—us but nothing is sayde of Mâ—nutiâ—â— The â—â—alian trâ—◠〈◊〉 addeth oâ—e 〈…〉 Te 〈…〉 should 〈…〉 of 〈…〉 Caesar 〈…〉 The 〈…〉 ca 〈…〉 〈…〉 vv 〈…〉 of 〈…〉 〈…〉 refuseth â—â—â—â—ight The enterprise of Caesar â—ight furlongs waketh a myle A fight Caesar repulsed Feare of Caesars mâ—n Pompeys victory â—â—â— follovved Repentance of Caesars Souldyers Caesars mildnesse in punishmente Caesar remoueth Gâ—â—phie giuen in spoyle the firste City â—â— Thâ—ssily going froÌ„ â—piro Germanes in Caesars time a drunkeÌ„ people Caesar encaÌ„peth at Pharsalia before Pompey arriueth from Dâ—razzo The vvilling death oâ— diuers at Gomphie Aâ—â—â—nius Diuersitie of â—â—â—â—ion Both Caesar and Pompey encamp at Pharsalo Abundance vvith Pompey VVant vvith Caesar Courage of Caesars Soâ—ldiours The request of Caesars Souldioures Pompeys confideration good but not follovved Pompey called Agamemnon â–ª Pompeys alteration Petigree of Caesar from Venus A lightning Tokens Pompeys dreame The securitie of Pompeys army Pompeys â—lâ—â—â—â—tion Caesars number Pompeys nuÌ„ber Confederates of Pompey â—anâ—aâ—â—â— â–ª â—â—â—â—â— â–ª 〈…〉 Ariarathes 〈…〉 〈…〉 Cleopatra 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 Caesars Oraticâ— Pompey sigheth Pharsalo the tovvne vvhere the battel â—â—â—â— â–ª 〈…〉 of Thesisaiy and â—◠〈…〉 Italians the â—hâ—câ—c strength of both sides â—rder of 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 Scipi◠〈…〉 â–ª Aphranius â–ª Pompey Caesars order â–ª Sylla Antonius Decimuâ— â–ª Caesar The astonishment of bothe armies The strange abashment of both sides The â—nset giueÌ„ 〈…〉 of 〈…〉 〈…〉 not 〈…〉 â–ª Pompeys consederates flec â–ª Caesars poliâ—â—e A vvordâ— to stay Stay vvithout feare Pompey amaâ—ed and speachlesse Aâ—ax Telamonius fell into astonishment for the iudgement giueÌ„ against 〈…〉 〈…〉 exhorting 〈…〉 make â—â—â—nd Pompey fleeth â—arâ—ssâ— in 〈…〉 and in other places The losse of 〈…〉 Pompeys loâ—â—e â— â–ª 〈…〉 〈…〉 Pâ—m◠〈…〉 â—xâ— M. â—y death and xxv M. by taking â—â—e râ—ite 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 of 〈…〉 〈…〉 of 〈…〉 â–ª Pompey taketh the â—ea Miâ—ilena in â—esbâ— novv Metelin Pompeyâ— determination of recouery Cornelia Pompeis vvife Crassus daughter Crassus an hil â—â— the end of Nilus Ptolomeus against Cleopatra Achilleâ— Photinus â–ª Theodoâ—us â–ª 〈…〉 A verse of â—ophocles â–ª Sempronius â— Romaine first stryketh Pompey Pompey cruellyâ— killed Epitaph of PoÌ„pey Adrianus the Emperour restâ— reth the graue of Pompey Pompey the great Corcyra an Iland in the Ioâ—â—ian sea The care of Pompeys friends Pompeys sonne Labienus Scapula Cato chosen general in Lybia refuseth Thessalians made free of Caesar vvho had serued him 〈…〉 novve 〈…〉 of 〈…〉 These 〈…〉 Europe and 〈…〉 a covvarde 〈…〉 â—ores Caesar sayâ—eâ—h into Egipt 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 by 〈…〉 Caesar ouercommeth the Kyng of Aegipt 〈…〉 〈…〉 This booke is not extant Caesar vve â—â— vvhen he did see Pompeys heade Temple of Reuengement â–ª Traiane Caesar againste Pharnace Domitius ouer â–ª throvvne in â—yrâ—a Amysso a Citie in the confines of Paphlagoma Capadocia â—â—â—i vidâ— vici â—â—spâ—orâ—s part of the kingdome of Pâ—â—tâ—s â—editioÌ„ in Rome Sedition in Caesars army Dracâ—ma is a pâ—â—â—e of coyne
disturbed The Gâ—â—tas â—e a people of Sythia in Europe The name novv â—â— turned into the Thracians Antony deuiseth to stoppe the creation of a Dictator Dolobella kept out Ephesus novv â—ogliâ— iâ— Ionâ—â— Dolobella taketh Sâ—yrâ—s 〈…〉 killed and â—pâ—ghtfully vsed Trebonius one of the consâ—itaâ—ors vvâ—â— the first that vvaâ— killed 〈…〉 novv 〈…〉 Senate vvorketh â—eâ—â—etly against Antony 〈…〉 shevv◠〈…〉 of houâ—es as vvel proâ—â—nâ— aâ— holy 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 Antony The 〈…〉 of â–ª Antony in â—â—uour of Octauinus Antony reâ—â—â—eth Reconciliation of Antony and Octauiâ—â— The Senate taketh a â—â—ardâ— â–ª 〈◊〉 novve â—â—â—â—â—eth for Antony Tribunes corrupted 〈◊〉 â–ª The people mindeth to make Octauius 〈◊〉 Antony againste Octauius agaâ—â— Sedition procured The oration of the Capitaynes to Antony Antonius 〈…〉 to the Captaynes Nevv despightâ— of Antony against Caesar Caesar exclaymeth agaynste Antony Antonyes armye at Brunduse discontented Antonyes goyng to Brunduse suspected to Caesar Octauius goeth to make men Celatia in Latio Silio Casâ—ilinum in Campania not farre from Capua Feare in the Citie 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â— Tribune â–ª 〈◊〉 yoâ—â— Casar against Antony Octauius to the people Octauius army goeth from him 〈◊〉 giueth 〈◊〉 to the souldyoures Octauius armye returneth to him Arâ—uum a Citie in Tuscane thirty myles from Florence Antony offended vvith the Souldioures A mutiny in Antonyes Camp. The Souldyoures laught at the miserie of Antony T 〈…〉 〈…〉 a â–ª 〈…〉 y in 〈…〉 ng Antony to his Souldyoures Arimeno in 〈◊〉 â–ª Tvvo legion â–ª reuolte to Octauius froÌ„ Antony Tiburâ— novv Tâ—uolâ— The Senatoures and Citizens svvorne to Antony Antonies armye â–ª Lepidus â–ª Asinius Pollio Plancus The Senate mistaked oâ— Octauius us and Antony bothe A â—heâ—re of fight by tvvoo legions Antony vvarneth Decimus oute of his Prouince Mutina a Citie in Lumbarâ—y rovv Modena Decimus taketh Modena for hys defence Cicero againste Antony Lucius Piso againste Cicero Senate againste Antony Adâ—ra againste Antony Saluius Honours giuen to Octanius Cicero against Antony Piso against 〈…〉 The decrees of Cuerâ— against Amony Dolabella declared a rebel The ansvvere of Antony to the decree Antony to the Senate Antony to Cicero Antony condeâ—ned The povver of Marcus Brutus in Asia Macedonia and Slauonia Demeatride a tovvne in Thesâ— salie that vvas called Pagasa novve Demeatrida Syria appoynted o Cassius VVhen hey 〈…〉 〈◊〉 to the souldiours 〈…〉 〈…〉 of 〈◊〉 one of 〈…〉 oâ— Italy and 〈…〉 and 〈◊〉 Cicero ruleâ—h all at Rome Ventidius maketh Rome afraid and Cicero to flee Cicero fleeth La Mâ—â— ca de â–ª Ancona the couÌ„try of Ancona Carsuleius The stratageâ—â—â— of Antony The notable fighte of the Martiall legion againste tvvo of Antonies and the tvvo chiefe handes of Antony and Octauius This battell is declared in the tenth booke of 〈◊〉 hys EPâ—stles Pansa the 〈…〉 Exercise Hirtius The fight vvith Hirtius 〈…〉 men 〈…〉 uâ—rthâ— ovven The horse men of Antony 〈…〉 t s â—he 〈…〉 â–ª 〈…〉 â—â—ayâ—â— Deâ—mâ—â—◠〈…〉 to O 〈…〉 Octauius aunsvvere to â—â—cimus Th 〈…〉 〈…〉 e oâ—â—â—ly 〈…〉 to the S 〈…〉 nâ—y S 〈…〉 o◠〈…〉 â—â—yâ—s Decimus made generall 〈…〉 〈…〉 Pansa the Consul dyeth The Consuls buryed honourably Cecilius Bassus Iulius Sextus The mutiny of the army in Syria Inlius kylled Sextius Murcus Minutius Crispus Bythinia in Asia the lesse nexte troy Casâ—ius obteyned the Legions Albienus Palestina nexte India and Arabia Cassius Lord of tvvelue Legions â—aâ—dicea a noble Citie in Asia â—igh the â—â—ond â—yâ—us Pâ—â—â—us getteth legions in Macedonia Brutus the geÌ„â—le Octaâ—â—us desireth Triumph â–ª The Senate denyeth Triumph 〈◊〉 Caesar vseth Antonyes Souldioures vvell Octaâ—ius Caesar practiâ—eth vvith Ventidius Antonyes friende Octauius saying to Decius a Captayne of Antonyes Octauius dealeth vvith Iepidus and Asinius Octauius praâ—â—â—â—e vvith Antonyes friends Decimus army after â—â—â—ger 〈…〉 for plenty Plancus â—oyneth vvith Decimus A creation of tenne men in Rome â—â—diâ—t of tenne men Octaâ—ius requireth to be Consull vvith Cicero The ambition of Cicero Cicero is laughed â—â— Culeo suffereth Antony to passe the mountaines Practâ—se betvvene Antony Lepidus The tenth legioÌ„ beganne to reuoâ—te from Lepidus â–ª Laterensis Lepidus souldioures lets in Antony Antony and Lepidus agâ—ee 〈◊〉 â—athe greate povver againe Alteration in Rome The Senate seÌ„deth Lucius and Pansa to Brutus and Cassius The feare of the Senate Nevve Caesar chosen lieâ—tenaÌ„t to Decimus Caesar stirreth his souldioures againste the Senate Senate sendeth to the souldiâ—â—◠〈◊〉 〈◊〉 his souldioures againste the Senate 〈◊〉 desireth to be declared 〈◊〉 by the souldioures Consulls vnder age Coruinus Scipio The Senate rebuketh the souldioures Octauius â—oâ—th against the 〈◊〉 The feare at Rome Alteration in Rome Cicero not seeâ—â— Inconstancie 〈◊〉 the Senate Cicero seene agayne Tvvo Legions â—â—â—iue agayne Caesars mother and sister sought for Mount Quirinale one of the seuen hilles of Rome Mutation in Rome Honour gyuen to Octauian Legions of the Senate goe to Caesar Octauius Cornutus himself Cicero 〈◊〉 Light credite to a vayne rumor Ancona Acilius Crassus Octauius dealing in the Cities Octauius and Q. Pedius Consuls A token of xii Vultures Curâ—â— Phratri◠〈◊〉 〈◊〉 against the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Caesar â–ª Many condeâ—ned for Caesars death Q â–ª Gallius condemned 〈◊〉 councell â–ª P 〈…〉 Cae 〈…〉 Plancus reconcyled vvith Antony Decimus is driueÌ„ to flee and hys army forsaketh him Rauenna Aquileia Râ—nâ— is a floud in Italy that runneth not farre from 〈◊〉 Decimus forsakeÌ„ 〈◊〉 is taken vvith the eues Camillus Barbarous 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is killed of one Camillus by the commaundemente of 〈◊〉 Minutiâ—â— Basilâ—â— killed of his ovvne men 〈◊〉 is â— condemnation 〈◊〉 lavve to kill men vvheresoeuer they be founde 〈…〉 t o 〈…〉 e. A 〈…〉 es 〈◊〉 〈…〉 o Novv Narbona Cities of Italy deuided to spoyle Tokens in Rome A rare example of a Southsayer Equites Miserie of Rome 〈◊〉 Consull dyeâ—â— Publius Tâ—tius propoundeth the nevv rule of the three men 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 vvas the name among the Lacedemonians â–ª vvhich vvere rulers of Cities and Castels Encrease of condemned meÌ„ Revvards The Proclamation of the three men 〈…〉 〈…〉 Revvardes Lepidus coÌ„deâ—neth his brother Antony coÌ„demneth his â—â—â—lâ— Thoranius tutor to Caesar condeÌ„ned Cont 〈…〉 to 〈…〉 mitie God vvoulde haue it so Sylla â–ª Marius 〈…〉 Authoritie of Tribunes 〈…〉 the Tâ—â—bâ—â—â— kylled 〈…〉 killed that vvas a Preâ—â—â— Reuerence outâ— of tyme Annalis kylled A vvicked soâ— kylled Choranius killed by the sure of hys sonne Cicero kylled Cicero cannot abide the sea sickenesse and retourneth The Author goeth to see Cicero his house in the countrey Cicero vvarned by Crovves A Shomaker â—e vvrayeth Cicero 〈…〉 oâ—e saued by Cicero kylleâ—â— hym The orations of Cicero called Philippica Poâ—◠〈◊〉 made to carrye Antony the nevvs of 〈…〉 deathe 〈◊〉 done to 〈◊〉 kyllyng of Cicero After that Augustus had the rule of all â—ounde one of hys Nephevves vvyth a booke in hys hande vvhyche vvas of Ciceroes making the child vvas afraide to shevve it but he vvoulde needes see it reade it and sayd Child this mâ—nne vvas learned and a loâ—er
the olde Souldioures that then serued were counted twice so good as the yong So hadde Antony an armye of foure legions of experte Souldioures beside suche as bée wonte to followe as venturers and the olde guarde of hys person wyth other nâ—we chosen Lepidus in Iberia hadde thrée legions Asinius Pollio twoo and Plancus in further Fraunce thrée all the whyche séemed to take Antonies parte Octauius Octauius Caesar had twoo choise legions that wente from Antony â–ª one of yoÌ„g souldiors and two of them that serued him first neyther full in number nor furnished in armoure yet supplyed of the newe commers He gathered these togither at Alba and sent them to the Senate They dydde so muche reioice in Octauius as a man myghte doubte that anye dydde before honoure Antony yet were they not content that the legions that went from hym shoulde goe to Octauius and not to them Neuerthelesse they praysed them and Caesar promising shortly after to determine by decrée what was to bee doonc when the newe Magistrates hadde theyr offices It was euident in the ende that they woulde bend against Antony and bycause they had no army and coulde gather none wythout the Consuls auctoritie they deferred all till the newe election Caesars army offred him Maces and Sergeants prepared and prayed him to take vpon hym the Lieutenantship and leading of their warre they being euer vsed to such auctoritie He thanked them for the honoure but referred the matter to the Senate them that wolde haue gone by heaps for this purpose he forbad and staied them that would haue sent Ambassadours that the Senate quoth hée maye take order for it of themselues vnderstanding of your offer and my refusall They hardly beeyng contented this waye and the Capitaines construing it as men had in some suspition he declared vnto them that the Senate dyd not rather encline to him for good will than for feare of Antony and want of army til we quoth he haue dispatched Antony The murtherers being friends and kinsemen to the Senate wil gather power for theÌ„ whych I perceyuing wil pretend to obey them And this is not to be disclosed for if we take power vppon vs they will call it violence and contumelic but if wée make daunger of it they will peraduenture giue it vs fearing otherwise wée shal haue it by you When hée hadde thus sayde hée sawe the twoo legious that came to him from Antony shewing the shape of battayle contending together in as vehement wise as thoughe they hadde béene fighting indéede kylling onely excepted and hée béeing delighted with this feate and glad to take the occasion didde gyue to euery man other fiue hundred drammes and if anye necessitye by the warre shoulde followe hée promised to them hauing the better hande fyue thousande drammes a man. Thus did Caesar with liberalitie of rewarde winne them that were hys hyred menne and these were the dooyngs in Italy In Fraunce Antony commaunded Decimus to go into Macedonia to obey the people and saue himselfe Decimus sente him the letters of the Senate verye well written signifying that as well oughte hée to obey the Senate as he the people Antony appoynted hym a daye when hée woulde vse hym as an enimie Decimus required hym to appoynt a longer daye to hymselfe that hée shoulde not too soone be made an enimye to the Senate Antony that was too good for hym in the fielde yet thoughte it better to goe vnto the Cities and they receyued hym Decimus béeyng afrayde that hée shoulde not when hée would enter anye of them fayned he hadde receyued letters from the Senate to returne to Rome wyth hys army and so as one goyng home into Italy he was receiued in euery place But when he came to Mutina a plentifull Citie he shutte the gates and commaunded the Citizens to bring all thynges foorthe that was necessarye for foode and caused al their beasts to be kylled and poudred for feare the siege woulde laste long and so he tarryed for Antonies comming Hys armye was a number of Sworde-players and thrée legions armed whereof one was of new Souldiours withoute experience the other two of former seruice and very faithfull to hym Antony with anger came againste Decimus and caste a trenche aboute the Cittie and so was Decimus besieged In Rome the Consuls according to the yeare being chosen dydde straighte assemble the Senate with sacrifices in the Temple agaynste Antony Cicero and his friends did require he might be iudged an enimie bycause he by force of armes didde take the Prouince of France contrarie to the Senats pleasure to trouble hys countrey and bycause he had brought that army into Italie that was appoynted hym againste the Thracians They alleadged also againste hym that after Caesar he sought to rule being armed in the Citie with so many band-leaders and vsing his house as a forte full of Souldiours and Ensigns and in all hys dooyngs more insolent than became a yearely officer Lucius Piso one that fauoured Antonies faction and a man verye notable among the Romaynes and other that fauoured Piso for Antonies cause required hée myghte bée called into iudgement bycause it was not the manner of theyr countrey to condemne anye manne before hée were hearde nor conuenient that hée that was yesterdaye a Consull should thys daye be an enimy especially hauing bene so ofte praysed bothe of Cicero and of other The Senate stoode doubtfull in the cause all the night The nexte day in the morning béeyng agayne assembled the Ciceronians wyth greate instaunce hadde decréede Antony an ennimye hadde not Saluius the Tribune dissolued the counsell till the nexte daye In these offices hée hathe moste power that maye prohibite The Ciceronians dydde spitefully laboure againste hym and ranne among the people to styrre them vppon hym and cited Saluius to aunswere He wythoute feare came foorthe till the Senate stayed hym fearing leaste he should incense the people to drawe them to the memorye of Antonie they were not ignoraunte that they condemned a noble manne wythout iudgement nor that the people had gyuen hym France but for feare of the strykers they were angry with hym bycause he first brake the lawe of Obliuion therefore they chose Octauius agaynst him before who not being ignoraunt therof was desirous to dispatch Antony The Senate being thus affected the voyces notwithstanding were deferred to the Tribunes Yet it was determined that Decimus shoulde be praysed for that he had not giueÌ„ place to Antonie in Celtica And that Caesar with the Consuls Hircius Pansa should ioyne with such armies as he now had that an Image of gold should be made to honour him that he might giue voyce among the Senatours and be allowed to be Consull ten yeares before the lawe and that the legions that went from Antony to him shoulde haue as muche giuen them of the Treasure as Caesar had appointed to them after the victorie all the
which being decréed they brake vp euen as already Antony had being an enemy in déede no Tribune daring speake for him the next daye Wherefore his wife and hys mother wyth his sonne being yet yong and his other friendes and familiars all the night went to the great mens houses to beséech them and the next daye came to the Senate house suing to euerye man falling to their féete with wéeping and wayling in blacke habite they cryed out at the counsel dore and some for the lamentable voyces and behauiour for the sodennesse of the matter were moued with compassion wherefore Cicero being afrayde he spake thus vnto the Senate What we ought to decrée of Antony yesterday we did determine for when we gaue honour to his aduersaries we coÌ„demned him as an enimie Saluius was only an impediment against vs eyther for that he thinketh himselfe more wise than we or for the friendship he beareth to Antony or for ignoraÌ„ce of the matter Euerye one of these is to our great shame that al we should haue lesse wit than one and also to Saluius if he do prefer his friendship before the coÌ„mon wealth But wheÌ„ he hath not well vnderstand this present case he should haue giuen credite to the Consul the Pretors and to the Tribunes his fellowes and to the other Senatoures in number and worthinesse so manye who for oure age and experience oughte to knowe Antonie â–ª better than Saluâ—o In publique causes and iudgementes the more parte euer hath the right but if causes muste vee knowne and nowe learned agayne I wyll repeate them briefelye and touche the moste principall matter When Caesar was deade Antony tooke awaye oure common money the rule of Macedonia he hadde by vs but into Fraunce he entred violently without vs The army that was delyuered hym againste the Thracians hée brought into Italie againste vs requiring these deceitfully of vs and not obtayning hee did them of himselfe At Brunduse heâ— ordained a princelye bande to be aboute hym and openlye in Rome men in armour dyd guarde and watche hym vnder ensignes He broughte from Brunduse an other armye to the Cittie readye to all attemptes aspiring to the things that Caesar whom hée lamented coueted and when yong Caesar prepared againste hym another armye hee was afrayde and wente into Fraunce as a place fittest to vse force againste vs bycause Caesar from that place did inuade vs and got the rule ouer vs and giuing terrour to his armye that they mighte sticke to him in all hys vnlawfull dooyngs by lotte hee caused them to dye neither making anye mutinie nor forsaking their charge and order in battell for the whiche onelye the lawe of armes I thinke hath appoynted that punishemente whyche fewe Capitaynes scarcelye in greate perills woulde vse for necessitie But hee at a worde and a ieste giueth death to Citizens and death not of them that deserue but of suche as he woulde choose wherefore they that coulde haue forsaken hym and you yesterdaye dyd determine to rewarde them as those that hadde doone well They that coulde not escape awaye for feare doe dwell with him and as enimies inuade youre lande and besiege youre armye and youre generall and whom you appoynted to remaine in Fraunce Antony commaundeth hym to departe Whether then haue we iudged Antony an ennimye or doeth hée vse vs as enimyes Oure Tribune wyll not know this tyll Decimus be deade and tyll that prouince so greate and so nygh vnto vs and after the prouince the armye also of Decimus maye be in Antonies power to worke hys hope agaynste vs For by lyke the Tribunes wyll not â—o soone decrée hym to be an ennimye tyll hee bée Lorde ouer vs. Whyle Cicero was thus saying hys friendes made a greate noyse continuallye and woulde not suffer anye manne to speake agayne tyll Piso rose vppe when as the Senate for the reuerence of him commaunded silence and then the Ciceronians stayde and Piso thus beganne to speake The lawe O Senatours doth allowe the accused to haue hys cause heard and when he hath aunswered for himselfe to be iudged accordynglye Cicero the moste vehement Oratoure I doe chalenge who durste not accuse Antony when he was presente and in hys absence hath layde greate matter to his charge the greatest and doubtfullest whereof I wyll note and wyth shorte aunswere shewe them to bée false Hee sayeth that Antony after Caesar â–ª deathe dyd take the publique money as hys owne the lawe calleth suche one â— Theefe and not an enimye appointyng the payne Therefore when Brutus hadde slayne Caesar and accused hym to the people for spoyling the common money and leauing the â—teâ—â—â— nothyng Antony by and by did decrée that the matter 〈…〉 â—t searched 〈…〉 approued hys sentence by publique 〈…〉 appointyng a rewarde of the tenthe 〈…〉 to them that woulde declare it whych we wyll double if any man can accuse Antony of that And thus much concerning the money The prouince of Fraunce we did not appoint to Antony the people did by lawe Cicero being present in such sort as manye other be giuen and heretofore gaue the same to Caesar in like maner Part of the decrée is that Antony should make warre vpon Decimus if he would not giue place vnto him and that the army prepared against the Thracians who stirreth not shoulde be led against him if he resisted Cicero doth not iudge Decimus an enemye that maketh warre againste the lawe but Antony that obeyeth the lawe If he condemneth hym hee condemneth them that made the lawe whome hee ought by persuasion to pacific and not to prouoke by contumelie Neither ought he to credite that place to Decimus whoÌ„ the people haue bannished for murder discredite Antony to whom the people haue giuen it by law It is no good counsel to make diuision with the people especially in dauÌ„gerous times nor to forget that this belongeth chiefly to the people to iudge of friendes and foes for by the auntient lawes the people only is Lord of war and peace in the whiche at this time notwithstanding they haue not appointed nor commaunded nor vsed their priuiledge ouer vs But he saith Antony killed certain Souldiours being general and appointed therevnto by you Neuer was there Captaine generall that was charged wyth that offiÌ„ce For the lawes haue not thought it méete that the Captaine should be subiect to the Souldiours and there is nothing worse in a campe than disobedience by the whiche some conquerours haue bene ouerthrowen None of them that were punished haue complayned nor none of their friendes or kinsfolke But Cicero hath accused and finding fault at their death instead of such honor as hath ben wont to be giuen to such executers he wil haue Antony exclaymed an enimy How Antonies army was disordered how they disâ—ayned hym it is enâ—deÌ„t by the two legions y are fled froÌ„ him whoÌ„ you coÌ„manded to serue vnder him â— they contrary to y law of souldiers haue not fled froÌ„ him to you