Pompey loseth for lacke of experience Coccineo a point nigh a lake Caesar ordereth his battayle Caesar leaueth the robe of a generall Pompey gaineth Caesar in doubte departeth vvith one page Abala Caesar in desperatioÌ„ is brought to Messala Caesar signifieth that he is vvell Caesar goeth to Stilida Lipari be the Ilandes nexte Sicelie seuen in number Messala Romane vertue The drye place Daunger of Cornificius Naked citizeÌ„s vpon the armed Romanes The Romanes grieuously troubled Zaronius Soldiours perished vvith hasty drinking Agrippa taketh Tyndarida vvhiche vvas a CItie named of Tindarus father of Ledâ— Peloro is one of the foure hils of Sicelie tovvarde Italy Myla is a floud and a Citie both vvith a Port novv called Melazzo Dianio is a Citie also in Spayne They vvere the Oxen of Phaëtusa vvhich she and hir tvvo sisters kept Myconio Caesar in perilâ— againe The hill Aetna novv Mongibello that spouteth fire Germanes afrayd of the noyce of Aetna Palesteno Messana beseeged Pompey desireth to trie all by a fight of equall number of Shippes Graple the inueuâ—ion of Agrippa The stoute and last fight by Sea. The profite of the graple Liken esse of armour maketh confusion Agrippa getâ—â—â—â— the victory Reioyce of victory by Caesars â—â—en Pompeys army yeldeth to Caesar Pompey fainteth and prouideth to flee Pompey fleeth vvith â—â—vij ships Naulechi Messina sacked Lepidus diuideth the spoyle of Messana vvith Plennius and receyuesh his army Lepidus thinketh to be Lord of Sicelie Quarelling betvveene Caesar and Lepidus Lepidus army reuolteth Pompeys Souldyours yeelde to Caesar Caesar stricken A Castell beaten dovvne vvhose garrison iested at Caesar Castels giuen oâ—â—r to Caesar Lepidus vtterly forsaken The horsemen sende to Caesar to knovv if he vvoulde houe Lepidus killed Lepidus â—eâ—riâ—ed only a speciall liuing reserued The muâ—abilitiâ— of Fortune Caesar vvonâ—â—â— not follovv Pompey Caesars mighty armie Enuic follovveth Fortune Mutinie of Souldioures Ofilius rudely speaketh to Caesar Ofilius not scene agayne Souldyoures dismissed Honoured offered to Caesar at Rome Caesar declareth his actes to the Senate and the people Caesars Orations published Modestic of Caesar Inscription of peace Bondmen restored to their maisters Caesar honoured as a God at xxviii yeare of his age Robberies in the Citie Sab. â—â—us VVatches appoynted in the night in the Citie The hope of restorement of the common state by Caesars vvords Tribune perpetuall Lacinie a hill in the furthest shore of Italy Pompey spoyleth the Temple of Iune Mitylene a Citie in Lesbo novv Mitcline Vayne hope of Pompey Lalienâ—â— Pompey vseth double deuice 〈…〉 sent against Pompey by Antony Pompeis Embassadours to Anotonie Antonie to Pompeis Embassadours 〈…〉 messengers taken Excuse of PoÌ„pey Antonie a plaine man Furniuâ— Pompey trayneth his men Oâ—â—obâ—rbus Amyntas Practise discoâ—â—red Curio put to death Theodorus killed Lampsaco taken by Pompey Capsico a citie in the shore of Hellesponte He besiegeth Cyziâ—â—s an Iâ—aÌ„de in Propontide a citie of that name of great strength Aâ—â—â—iâ— a part of Grâ—â—â—â— Pompey diâ—â—odgeth Furnius ScamaÌ„tria a litle tovvne at the porte of Iliâ— People resorte to Pompey 〈…〉 novve the sea of sayne George Mysâ—â— novve 〈…〉 â—◠〈…〉 Pompeys money taken He gathereth more Nicea a citie in diuerse places Nâ—comedia novv 〈…〉 a cuie in 〈…〉 ProcoÌ„nâ—so novv Mâ—â—morâ— an I le in Propontide Pompeys frendes yeelde to Antonie Pompey assayleth his eninues by night Pompey loseth occasion Pompey desireth speach vvith Furnius Furnius to Pompey Pompey hateth Tiâ—â—â— Pompey yeldeth to Furnius vvho vvoulde not take him nor suffer Amyntas to do it 〈…〉 discouered by 〈…〉 Pompey forsaken of all handes Pompey yeldeth to Amyntas vvithout condition The connâ—ing vp of Pompey The good acteâ— of Pompey Negligence vâ—dâ—d Pompey Titius putteth Pompey to death at Milâ—to a Citie in the endes of Ionia and Caria Plancus The Illyrianâ— novv 〈…〉 conâ—nuall enimies of the Romanes Antonie marieth Octauia Antonies fortune â–ª is ouercome â–ª of Caesars Crassus Pompey and Caesar Crassus goeth to the vvarre agaynst order Execration Imperator Hierapoliâ— an holy citie in Asâ—â— ful of maruelous things Tokens Antonie goeth against the Parâ—â—â—ans to reueÌ„ge Crassus Antonie did better by his Liâ—â—tenants than by himselfe Ventidius Samosatis â–ª a citie vvhere is a lage â–ª of a maruelous nature Antonie refuseth good offer Antonie returneth King Orodes killed by his sonne Moneses to Themistocles compared Antonies liberalitie to couÌ„ternayle kings of Persiâ— Vaine â–ª loâ—â— Octaâ—â—â— â–ª Cleopatra Antonie killeth the king of Iurie Vanitie of Antonie Haste maketh vvaste Atropatia one part of Media The artillerie of the Romanes taken 〈…〉 a small victory Punishment To be fedde vvith barly vvas a punishment among Souldyoures Crast of the Parthians Antony omitteth a Generalles part Mardus Parthians vpon the Romanes Parthians trouble the Romanes Fuluius Gallus taketh an euill enterprise Titius Canidius Romanes slayne Antony vveepeth Antony lamenteth Antonyes prayer Policie of the Romanes Parthians repulsed VVant in the Romanes Camp. Barly bread Hearbes venemous Frenâ—ye in the Camp. VVine The 〈◊〉 of Xenophon Antony vvarned VVater Salt vvater Mithridates Antonyes giftes Antonyes treasure spoyled Antony in dread Cold ayre â—okeâ— of vvater Araxes diuideth Armenia from Atropatia 〈◊〉 Loâ—â—â— of the 〈◊〉 Antony taketh the King of Arâ—â—â—â—iâ— by flâ—ght Antâ—â—yes triuâ—pâ— displeasant to the Romanes 〈◊〉 Antonyes â—ondâ—â—ssâ— Antony câ—lled by the Medâ—â—â— agayne Câ—sâ—r seeketâ— occasion to â—â—â—â— Antony Antony forbiddeth his vvife Octauia to 〈◊〉 to him Niger Craft of Cleopatra Antony doteth Octauia Modestie of Octauia Antonyes foâ—lishnesse Isis Caesarion Accusations betvveene Caesar and Antony Obâ—eâ—â—â—oâ—s of Antony Anâ—vveres of Câ—sar Câ—â—â—â—â—us Nâ—â—iâ— of Antony Domitius â—leopâ—tâ—a laboureth to â—arry vvith Antony Progresse of Antony and â—leopatra 〈◊〉 Pastime out of â—â—me 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Antony a â—itiâ—eÌ„ of 〈◊〉 â–ª Aâ—â—â—â—â— pâ—â—yeth â—he 〈◊〉 â—ctauia is put out of Antonies house Câ—sar in vvant Sâ—acknesse of Antonie Exaction of money Titius Plancus â–ª Antonies friendâ— forsake hâ—m Antonies testameÌ„t bevvrayed â–ª Câ—sar obiected agaynst Antonies testament Librarie of Pâ—rgâ—mâ— Geminius Cleopatra tauÌ„teth Geminius Ansvvere of Geminius Geminius telleth truth and is blamed Romanes fleeth from Antonie VVarre proclaymed Nauie of Antonie Confederate kings Nâ—nie of Caesar Countries of eyther side The maner of Caesars Shippes Caesar prouoketh Antonie Antonie chalengeth combat vvith Caesar Actio Toryne Canidius Antonie heareth not good counsell Antonie in danger A good request of an old Capitayne not graunted Antonie refuseth al good couÌ„sell The fight A token The diuersitie of the fight Cleopatra fleeth Antonie folovveth Louer Antony is hoysted into Cleopatras Shippe Antony is pursued Euricles Silence of Antonie Tâ—naro a forelande Antonie giueth his frends leaue to shift for theÌ„selues Caesars victorie Men amazed aâ— Antonies madnesse Soldiours good opinion of Antonie Antonies footemen yeldeth Paretonio a port tovvne Antonie in despayre A deuise of Cleopatra for hyâ— safetie Antonie folovveth the trade of Timon Timons tabernacle Euill nevves one after an other Antony renueth his riot Feastes of the dying sorte Cleopatra seketh for poyson
There was out of Sybils bookes an olde saying that the Parthians shoulde not be ouercome till a Kyng went against them wherefore some there were so bold to saye that as it was expedient for the Romaines to call him Dictator or Imperator or anye other name in stead of a King so that all nations subiect to the Romaine Empire should call hym king Hée refused this also and made hast to his iourney bycause he sawe he was enuyed in the Citie but whereas be tarried till the appoynted time his enimies killed him foure dayes before in â—â—â— Senate house eyther for enuie which commonly accompanyeth such felicitie auctoritie or as they said for the loue of their couÌ„treys libertie For now they knew well that thoughe hée did not ouercome those nations without doubte he woulde be a king And for this cause I thinke they tooke the enterprise agaynste him vnder the pretence of that name for thoughe hée was but Dictator in degrée it was as much as a Kyng in déede There were two chiefe in that conspiracy Marcus Brutus Cepio sonne to Brutus that was killed of Sylla whiche fled to Caesar after the calamitie of Pharsalo field and Caius Cassius that delyuered hys galleis into Caesars hand at Hellespont These two were afore of Pompeys part and now much honoured of Caesar Decimus Brutus Albinus alwayes thoughte worthy of Caesar to be vsed in honor and credite and had great affaires committed to them and in the wars in Lybia trusted them wyth armies and made them Gouernours of Prouinces Decimus of France beyond the Alpes Brutus of the same on thys side the Alpes Brutus and Cassius béeyng Pretors contended for the superioritie of the place eyther indéede who shoulde be higher or else for a pretence that they shoulde séeme to be no friendes Caesar setting order betwixte them said to hys friendes Cassius desireth right but Brutus muste be pleased With so great loue and honour did Caesar vse hym that of some he was compted hys son bicause he loued very wel Seruilia Catos sister and Brutus mother Therfore when he got the victory at Pharsalo hée gaue greate charge to hys Captayns that in any wise they should saue Brutus But Brutus either as an ingrate man or ignorant of his mothers faulte or distrustfull or ashamed or very desirous of his couÌ„trys libertie preferring it before all other things or that he was descended of the auntient Brutus that droue out the Kings or that he was incensed and rebuked of the people for manye things were written vppon the Images of olde Brutus and in the Courte hall of this Brutus secretly set vp Brutus thou takest rewardes Brutus thou arte dead O Brutus I woulde thou were aliue nowe Brutus what vnworthy posterity hast thou Brutus thou arte not come of hym These and many other lyke did inflame the yong mans mind to take the worke in hande as from his progenitor The same of making him King did still encrease and that there woulde be a Counsell for it a little before the which Cassius tooke Brutus by the hand and sayd Brutus what shall we do in that counsell shall we as Casars slatterers agrée to make hym Kyng Brutus answered I would not be at that Counsell Cassius being cheared with those wordes said what if they call vs as Officers what shall we do good Brutus I wyll quoth he defend my Countrey euen to the death Then Cassius embraced hym saying Whom wilâ—e thou take of the best being of this opinion doest thou thinke that artificers and light people do set those writings vpon thy JudgemeÌ„t place rather thaÌ„ the best Citizens of Rome which of other Pretors do looke for shews and pastunes of horse and wilde beasts but of thée they require liberty as a worke worthy thine auncestors After they had thus firste opened what they had long kept in their minds before they then dealte plamely and eche of them proued his own friends and some of Caesars whome they knewe to be méete for a bolde enterprise and they got of their friendes two brethren Cecilius and Bucâ—lâ—â—â—us theÌ„ Râ—brius Riga Q. Lâ—gaâ—iw Marcus Spurius Seruilius Galba Sextius Naso and â—oâ—â—â—us Aquila all these of their trusty friends and of Caesars familiars Decimus of whome we spake Caius Casca Trebonius Tuâ—â—us Cymbrus Minutius and Basillus These béeyng thoughte sufficient and not iudging it fit to haue anye moe they agréed together wythout othe or sacrifice and yet was there not one that changed or disclosed but only sought tyme and place The tyme was shorte bycause Caesar muste goe away the fourth daye to hys armyes and then shoulde straighte haue a guarde of Souldioures aboute hym The place they appointed the Senate house thinking though the Senatoures were not priuie yet when they sawe the â—éede they woulde helpe to it as they saye happened to Romulus who of a Kyng became a Tyranne And that thys acte euen as that béeyng doone in the place of Counsel shoulde not be thoughte a treason but a deede of the Citie voyde of dreade of Caesars army bycause it was a common consent and that honour shoulde remaine to them also as not ignorant of the whole entent Concluding vppon this they thought the Senate house the fittest place Of the maner they differed some thought good to kill Antonie also being Consull with Caesar and his greatest friend â–ª and most accepted to the armye But Brutus â—â—yde â–ª if we dispatche Caesar alone wée shall be named killers of a Tyranne bicause we deliuer vs of a king and thereof muste haue oure prayse but if we kill anye of hys friendes we shall be thoughâ—◠〈…〉 against Pompeys enimies Being all persuaded by this â–ª they looked for the next méeting of the Senate The daye before that Caesar shoulde goe to the Senate he had bin at a banquet with Lepidus Capitayne of the horsemen whither he carryed Decimus Brutus Albinus and talkyng merilye what death was beste for a man some saying one and some another he of all praised the sodaine death Thus he prophecied of hymselfe and spake in selfe of that whiche shoulde come to passe in earnest the next day After the banquet in the night his body was sickely and hys wife Calphurnia dreamed she sawe hym all to be goared with bloude and therefore stopped hys going forth In making sacrifices manye fearefull tokens appeared wherfore he determined to haue sent Antony to dissolue the Senate Decimus being present perswaded him not to take that calumniation of the suspition but himselfe to goe and dissolue it and so he was carryed thither in a Litter That daye certaine playes were exhibited in Pompeys Theatre therefore the Senate shoulde be kept in the place nexte to it vsing also to sée the fights Brutus and Cassius early in the morning did sit as Pretors giuing audience to suitors very quietly in a courte nighe the theatre of
Pompey and hearing of Caesars sacrifices and the differing of the Senate were in greate doubte and one that was there tooke Casca by the hande and sayde vnto hym woulde you kéepe it from me that am your friende Brutus tolde me Casca was in a sodayne passion that he knewe it then he saite more to hym simlyng where wyl you haue money for your office of Edilis and Casca tolde him Brutus and Cassius beyng togither and in talke one of the Senators Publius Laenas sayde hée wished well to that they had in their mindes and exhorted them to dispatch it They being much amazed helde their peace for anguishe As Caesar came forth one of hys familiars vnderstanding of the conspiracie and vsing to tel what hée hearte wente to Calphurnia and saide onelye thys bycause the matter touched Caesar much he would tarry til he came from the Senate for he knew not al that was wrought against him And one Artemidorus that was his hoste in Guido ranne vnto the Counsell house and found hym newe slaine Of another a booke of the Conspiracie was deliuered as he made haste into the Senate whiche was founde againe in hys hande when hée was dead And came out of his Litter Laenâ— that had wished wel before to Cassius came vnto hym and talked verye earnestlye wyth him the sight wherof did trouble theÌ„ and the length of the talke made them winke one at another to dispatche themselues before they should be taken But perceyuing by the manner that Laena was liker to speake for himselfe and make supplication than to bewray them they stayed and in the ende when they saw hym giue humble thankes they were encouraged againe It was the custome that Rulers of the Citie shoulde sacrifice when they went to the Senate And agayne in Caesars firste sacrifice there was no harte or as some say no heade of the entrailes and wheÌ„ the Diuinor said it was a signe of death hée smiled and sayde so it was in Spaine when I ouerthrewe Pompey and the Diuinor aunswering that then he was in perill indéede and nowe the token was more manifest Caesar bad hym sacrifice againe nothing appearing better than it was being ashamed y he made y Senate tarry for hym being hastned of his enmies as though they had bin friâ—ds in dispight of his enimies he went in For it must needes come that was determined They left Trebonius to entertaine Antony without the dores and when Caesar was sâ—â—â— hys seate they stoode aboute him as hys friends with weapons hid and first Attilius Cymber stood before him made sute for hys brothers returne that was banished Caesar being against it vtterly denying it hée tooke hym by the purple robe as he would haue made more sute he rufded the garment and pulled it ouer his necke crying Why staye you O frieÌ„ds Casca came ouer his head first thrust his dagger at his throat which missing hit him on y breast Caesar twitching his gown froÌ„ Cimbro catching Casca by y hand flung froÌ„ his seate with great violeÌ„ce layd hold vpon Casca Whiles he was doing this wrestling with him another stroke him on the side that laye open and Cassius hurte him in the face and Brutus on the thyghe and Bucolinus betwéene the shoulders yet Caesar with rage and reare like a wilde beaste stepped to euery of theÌ„ but after Brutus had hurt him as thoughe then hée had dispaired he wrapte himself in his gowne and fell comely before the picture of Pompey and they when he was downe vsed such despite as they gaue him three and twentie woundes and many were so hastie that they hurte one another When this act was done by these murderers in a sacred place vpon a sacred and inuiolate man by and by there was fléeing from the Senate house and about all the Citie and in the tumulte some Senatours were hurt and other men were killed and there was muche slaughter done both of Citizens and straugers not of purpose but as happeneth in such a Ciuill stir when one commeth vpoÌ„ another ignorauntly The sworde players that had bene in armour from the morning for the shewe of certaine playes ranne from the game place to the barres of the Senate house the people that came to the playes driuen into a feare fledde away shoppes were spoyled al dores were shutte and preparation made for defence from the house toppes Antony went to his owne house entending to take aduice for this case of Caesars Lepidus the Captaine of horsemen being in the coÌ„mon place and hearing what was done ranne to the I le within the Cytie where he had a legion and brought them abroade to be ready at Antonies commaundement For he did cleaue to Antony as Caesars friende and chiefly as Consull Being mette togyther they had greate desire to reuenge Caesars death that thus was handled They feared the Senate woulde take the killers parte therfore they would stay to consider of it There were no souldiours about Caesar for he delighted not in a garde but only vsed the Sergeants of his aucthoritye and when he wente from his house to the Senate he was wayted on with manye of the magistrates and great number of people as wel Citizens as straungers and of seruauntes and frée men in great multitude all the which fléeing away by heapes only thrée seruauntes taried which layd his body in the litter Thus thrée men not suteable did carie him home that a little before was Lorde of sea and lande The murderers woulde haue sayde somewhat in the Senate house but no maÌ„ wold tarry to heare They wrapt their gowns about their left armes as Targets and hauyng their daggers bloudy cryed they had kylled a king and a Tyranne and one bare an hatte vpon a speare in token of Libertie Then they exhorted them to the common wealth of their countrey and remembred olde Brutus and the oth made againste the old Kings Some went among them shewing their daggers who though they were not at the fact yet woulde they haue parte of the prayse as Lentulus Spintor Fauorinus Aquinus Dolobella Murcus and Peticus who wer not then partakers of the glorie but afterwarde tasted of the punishment with the offenders The common people came not to them which made them the more doubtful and in feare As for the Senate although for ignoraunce and tumult they were fled yet they had good truste in theÌ„ as in their kinsefolkes and friends and such as could as euil beare Tirannie as they but the people they suspected and as many as had serued Caesar in warre whereof there were not a fewe then present in the Citie some discharged of the warfare were appointed to habitations and some that had bin at their dwelling places were now come again to go the iourney wyth Caesar They were afrayde also of Lepidus and his army in the
Citie and of Antony the Consull leaste he would vse the people only leauing the Senate and worke them some displeasure being thus bestad they wente to the Capitoll with the swordeplayers where consulting what was best to be done it seemed good to giue a largesse to the people hoping that if some beganne to prayse their act the other wold folow for loue of liberty and the desire of common wealth for they thoughte y people of Rome to be as sincere now as they had heard it was when olde Brutus expelled the Kings not vnderstanding that they loked for two things contrarye in themselues that they that loue libertie and would be corrupted should be profitable to them at this present wherof the one was more easie to be had as in a state for the most part corrupted for now the people was mirt with strangers a libertyne was equal with a Citizen the fashion of a seruant like to the maisters for y Senate ercept the rest was indiffereÌ„t to the seruantes Further y distribution of corne which was vsed only in Rome to be giuen to y poore had brought that idle néedie vacabonds of Italy to Rome Again a nuÌ„ber of olde worne souldiers out of wages were not deuided into their couÌ„tries as they wer wont seuerally bicause some had serued in vniust wars but would go into coÌ„mon habitations take other mens land houses remayning togither in teÌ„ples coÌ„mon places vnder one baÌ„ner one chiefe that might apoint theÌ„ a prouince selling away their own to be the more redy to go they were sone bought for reward Therfore it was not hard for Cassius to gather a nuÌ„ber of such men bring them into the coÌ„mon place albeit they were hired yet durst they not prayse that was done for feare of Caesars glory others deuotion but for the coÌ„mon welth sake they cried for peace earnestly exhorted the rulers vnto it for thys was the deuise of the kyllers to worke theyr owne safetye And there coulde bée no peace vnlesse there were a forgetting standyng in these termes Cynna a Pretor and a kinsemanne by maryage to Caesar beyonde all opinion came among them hauing on hys vesture of office which he threw of as giuen him of a Tiran and called Caesar the Tiranne and them that kylled hym killers of a Tiranne and praysed the facte as moste like to their progenitours and that those men were to be called from the Capitoll and to be honoured with dew rewardes This Cinna sayde but they séeing the vncorrupted people was not myxte wyth them did not call them from the Capitol nor did anye thing else but onely exhorted to peace Then Dolabella a yong man and a noble appointed to be Consull after Caesar had ben gone for the reste of the yeare hauing on the garment of a Consul and the Maces of his office was the second that spake euill and pretended he was priuie to the deuise and only sorte that his hand was not at the doing of it and as some saye hee decréed that that daye shoulde be honoured as the byrth day of the Citie Then the hyred men toke harte when they saw both a Pretor and a Consul to forgiue them they called Cassius and the rest out of the Temple who were glad of Dolabella a yong noble man a Consul being most méete to match with Antony only there came downe Cassius and Marcus Brutus with his bloudy hand for they had striueÌ„ who should giue Caesâ—r moste woundes and when they were amiddest the people they spake nothing humbly but as in noble and euident things one praysed another calling the Citie now blessed attributing muche to Decimus that in so fitte a time bad serued them with swordplayers Then they stirred the people that they woulde do things worthy their auncestours whiche had expelled kings not reigning by violence as Caesar did but being chosen lawfully they also propouÌ„ded that Sextus Pompey sonne to Pompey the greate that hadde made warre agaynste Caesar for the common wealth myght be called home beyng yet in armes in Spayne againste Caesars Captaines and lykewyse Câ—setius and Marulâ—â—s that were depriued and banished by Caesar being Tribunes of the people When they hadde thus sayde they wente vppe againe to the Capitoll for they dyd not truste verye muche in that multitude Then their friendes and kinsfolke might repaire vnto them into the Temple of whom they chose the most auntient to send to Lepidus and Antony for reconciliation and regarde of libertie and to saue the Countrey from the euils that might growe vnlesse they be foreseene This much did the messengers require not praysing the thing that was done for they durst not to Caesars friends but desired to haue it borne with for the worthynesse of the doers not for hate to him but for the loue of their countrey and pitie of the Citie nowe consumed with continuall sedition of whiche one more would vtterly destroy all good men of the same and that it was not right that for any hate amongst a few they shoulde worke the publike destruction but rather that for publike commodities priuate enmities mighte be wiped away Antonius and Lepidus as I sayde minded to reuenge Caesars deathe eyther for friendships sake or for a practise betwéene them or for desire of rule and thynkyng all things would be the easier to them if such notable men might be ridde out of the way yet they feared their friendes and theyr kinsfolkes and the Senate that enclined to them and most of all Decimus whome Caesar hadde appoynted to gouerne France theyr neyghboure whereby he hadde a mighty armye Therfore they thought it best to tarry for a better occasion and deuise to gette Decimus army that was so valiant and expert with laboures neuer left Hauing this fetch Antony thus aunswered the messengers For priuate displeasure we will worke nothing but for offence and matter wherein we are all sworne to Caesar to bée kéepers of his body and defend it against violence it is requisite by our oth to follow the fact that is done and the rather to lyue with a few pure than all to be in daunger of those execrations yet for their honor that be of that opinion we will debate with you in the Senate house and take the way for the Citie that by common consent shall séeme good Thus Antony aunswered safelye They gaue thankes and departed with sure hope that al should haue gone well and that the Senate woulde haue fauoured their cause throughly â–ª Antony in the meane time caused the officers to make watche for the Citie all nighte and by turne to kéepe their seates as was wante in the daye and to haue fires ouer all the Citie by meane whereof the friends of the offendoures went to euery Senatoures house and requested them for themselues and for the Countreys common wealth There ranne abroade also the Captaynes of suche
more made request for peace to whom he thus sayd Of that we will consider as shall be fitte to be and what it is that it may auayle but the suretie of it is hard to be found since neyther oth nor execration could profit Caesar and to them that called for reuenge he turned and commended them as more carefull of their othes and honestie I would be quoth he youre Captayne and crye as you do but that I am a Consul to whome belongeth rather to speake for profite than for iustice for so doe they within persuade vs and so Caesar himselfe for the profite of the Citie sparing them that he hadde taken in warre was of the same destroyed Thus wrought Antony artificially they that thoughte the fact to be punished required Lepidus that he would punishe it Lepidus intending to speake they that stoode farre off prayed hym to goe into the common place that all might heare him indifferently He wente straight forth with opinion that the peoples minds were new turned and when he was come to the place of spéech he lamented wéeping and thus sayd Heere I was yesterday with Caesar and now am I héere to enquire of Caesars deathe what will you haue done many cryed that they should reuenge Caesar The hyred men cryed for peace in the Citie to whome hée sayd we will so but what peace speake you of with what othes can it be sure for all our Countrey othes we haâ—e sworne to Caesar and we that are compted the least of them that did sweare haue troden all vnder the foote Then he turned to them that cryed for reuenge â–ª Caesar sayd he is gone from vs an holy and honored man in déede and we be afrayd to hurte the Citie and them that be left This do the Senate treate of and manye thinkes it good then they cryed that he alone should take it in hand I wyll sayd he for it is a iust oth to me alone but it is not ynough that I and you alone doe will it or that we alone can fulfill it â—andling the matter thus craftâ—ly the hyred men knowing that he was ambitioue praysed him and exhorted him to take the office of Caesars Priesthode of the which he being very glad sayde You shall remember me of this héereafter if I shall be worthy of it They that were hired were the more instant for peace bycause of the liberall spéech of the Priesthoode Then sayde he although it be vniust and wicked yet will I doe it bycause you will me This said he returned into the Senate house where Dolabella all that time had bin importune for the continuance of his office Antony gathering the peoples humor looked ouer hym wyth a smiling countenance and finding them to dissent among themselues and the people to doe nothing earnestly hauing beholden all sufficiently he determined to saue the meÌ„ hiding one necessitie with another that both they shuld be saued by especial grace and that Caesars actes should be coÌ„firmed by decrée the Senates orders take effect therfore silence being coÌ„manded he sayd thus Of the Citizens offendoures you men of equall honor in this your consultation I haue sayd nothing but to them that contrarywise desired a tryall of Caesar I put forthe onely one of his decrées which hath not withoute cause kept you in contention tyll this time for if we doe refuse those offices we shall confesse so many worthy men vnworthily to haue receyued them Then coÌ„sider that is not easie to be hard and number in your mindes the Cities the nations the kingdomes the regions and as I maye say all things froÌ„ the East to the Weast y Caesar had by his vertue vanquished for vs and all that by his power subdued the same by law clemencie and curtesie he made assured vnto hym Which of these do you thinke wil beare to be depriued y things they haue enioyed vnlesse you wil fyll all with warres that are desirous to heale youre countrey that is nowe most féeble wyth disease Those that be farre off and kepte downe with feare and fight I wil omitte to touch but those that be not at haÌ„d only and as I may say euen at home through out all Italy some haue receyued rewards of victory and by multitudes with the armies wherewith they serued be of Caesar appoynted habitations by the same institution whereof many a thousand be within this citie what do you thinke they wil do if you take from them that they had or that they looked to haue of Cities and Countreys Thys last night did shew vs an Image of this matter for wheÌ„ you did intreate for the offendoures they on the contrary ranne aboute with threatnings Do you thinke they can abide to sée Caesars body violated torne vnburyed for these things by law are wente to be done againste Tyrants whiche haue serued in the warres with him and to haue the gayne gotten by the victories of France and England confirmed vnto them when he that was the gyuer of them is so despightfully handled what thinke you the people of Rome will do what thinke you the Italians what hate shal you haue both of God and man if you do so defile your empire enlarged from the Oceane sea to the people vnknowen for you shall not lacke reproufe and blame for this youre inconstancie more than they that thinke you worthy honor that killed a Consull in the Counsell house an holye man in an holy place Senatoures being the doers in the sighte of the Gods and dishonor him that of his enimies is most honored from these things as vnlawfull and not in your power I do warne you to refrayne Then thys sentence I giue that Caesars actes and decrées doe remayne firme and stable that the offenders be praysed in no wise for it is not godly iust not consonant Caesars actes being ratified that of mercye onely you will pardon them for their friends and kinsfolkes sake so as they do so accept it and will of theÌ„ confesse it in thaÌ„keful part When Antony had said this with great contention and vehemency the decrée was made all other being silent and content That there should be no action for Caesars death That all his actes and decrées should be confirmed so as they were commodious for the citie And this with much adoe did the friends of the offendoures cause to be added for their safetie that they were not more kepte for iustice sake than for profite Antony gaue place vnto it These being decrées they that were heads of men to be set in habitations desired a priuate decrée by common authoritie that their places of inhabitance myghte bée made sure vnto them and Antony was not agaynste it shewing some feare with the Senate This decrée was made and another like for them that went to their inhabitations The Counsell being thus broken vp there were some that persâ—oded Lucius Piso to whome Caesar had lest his Testamente that it
lands houses Sepulchres and Temples which we would not take from our greatest strange enimyes only setting a taâ—e of the tenth part vpon them but they haue made diuition to you of that which was your owne countreymens and them that sente you to serue Caesar in the Frenche wars and made many vowes for your victories and appointed you by companies to conuenient dwelling places with ensignes and discipline of Souldiours So as you can neyther enioye peace nor be sure of them that be thrust out for who so euer is put out and spoyled of hys owne he will remaine to spie a tune for to be euen with you This was the cause why the Tirannes would not let you haue any land which mighte haue bene giuen you by other meanes that hauing euer enimies that laye in wayte you shoulde be sure kepers of their power whiche by iniustice did contine we yours For the good will that Tirans haue of their garde is that they he as far in doing wrong and feare as themselues And this they O â–ª God dâ— cal a cohabitation wherby lament of countreymen mighte be made and insurrection of them that haue done no wrong then for this purpose haue made vs enimies to our own countreyâ—olkâ— for the 〈…〉 singular profitâ— we whoÌ„ now y chiefe officers of y countrey do say they saue vs for mercies sake do confirme presâ—tly herafter wil confirme y same to be bond to you for euer of the which we take god to witnesse that ye haue shal haue al you haue had that none shall take it froÌ„ you not Brutus not Cassius not they y for your liberties haue put al their selues in peril we y â— â—e only accused in this matter will saue our selues be to you to your allied friends a special coÌ„fort y that is most pleasant to you to heare At the first occasioÌ„ that shal be offered we wil giue you the price for the land y is takeÌ„ froÌ„ other of the coÌ„mon reuenew that you shall not onely haue your setting setled but also voyde of al eâ—combraunce Whiâ—es Brutus thus spake al the hearers coÌ„sidering with theÌ„ selues that he spake nothing but right did like them wel as men of courage and louers of the people had them in great admiration and were turned into their fauour and determined to doe them good the next day â–ª whiche being come the Consuls called the people to an assembly and repeated the opinions Then Cicero did speake very much in the prayse of forgetting of iniuries of the which they reioiced and called Brutus and Cassius from the Temple They desired pledges to whom Lepidus Antonies sonnes were sente When Brutus Cassius were séene there was such a noyse as the Consuls that would haue sayde somwhat could not be suffered but wer first required to shake hands and be at one which they dyd And the Consuls mindes were troubled with feare or enuye that these men and their friends should preuayle in that common cause Then was Casars testament with the writings for the dispositioÌ„ of his goods brought forth which the people commaunded to be red There was Octauius his nephew by his sisters daughter fouÌ„d to be his sonne by adoption His gardings were giuen the people for solace and to euerye Citizen of Rome that was present seauentie fiue draÌ„mes of Athens Now was the people streyght turned to anger being abused by the name of a Tyranne that in hys testament had shewed most loue to his country And one thing séemed most to be pitied that Decimus Brutus one of the killers was made his sonne among his second heyres for the Râ—maines maner was to their first heyres to adde the second y if the first take not the feâ—oÌ„d may With this they were much troubled thinking it a wicked and abhominable an that Decimus should conspire againste Caesar whome hée had made one of his children Piso brought forth Caesars body to the which infinit numbers in armes ran to kepe it with much noyse poÌ„pe brought it to the place of spéech There was much lameÌ„tation weeping ther was rushing of harnesse togither with repentaunce of the forgetting of reueÌ„geance Antony marking how they were affected did not let it slippe but toke vpon him to make Caesars â—nneral sermon as Consul of a Consul friend of a friend knifman of a kinsman for Antony was partly his kinsman and to vse craft againe And thus he said I do not thinke it méete O Citizens that the buriall praise of suche a man should rather be done by me than by the whole country For what you haue altogither for the loue of hys vertue giuen him by decrée aswell the Senate as the people I thinke your voice and not Antonies oughte to expresse it This he vttered with sad and heauy cheare and wyth a framed voice declared euerything chiefly vpon the decrée whereby he was made a God holy inuiolate father of the country benefactor and gouernor and suche a one as neuer in al things they entituled other man to y like At euery of these words Antonie directed his countenance hands to Caesars body and with vehemencie of words opened the fact At euery title he gaue an addition with briefe speach mixte with pitie and indignation And when the decrée named him father of the Country then he saide This is the testimony of our duety And at these wordes holy inuiolate and vntouched and the refuge of all other he said None other made refuge of hym But he this holy and vntouched is kylled not takyng honoure by violences whiche he neuer desired and then be we verye thrall that bestowe them on the vnworthy neuer suing for them But you doe purge your selues O Citizens of this vnkindnesse in y you nowe do vse suche honoure towarde hym being dead Then rehearsing the othe that all shoulde kéepe Caesar and Caesars body and if any one wente about to betraye hym that they were accursed that would not defende him at this he extolled hys voice and helde vp his handes to the Capitoll saying O Iupiter Countries defendour and you other Gods I am ready to reuenge as I sware and made execration and when it séemes good to my companions to allowe the decrées I desire them to aide me At these plaine spéeches spoken agaynst the Senate an vprâ—are being made Antony waxed colde and recanted hys wordes It séemeth O Citizens saide hée that the things done haue not bin the worke of men â–ª but of Gods and that we ought to haue more consideration of the present than of the past bycause the thyngs to come â–ª maye bring vs to greater danger than these we haue if we shall returne to oure olde and waste the reste of the noble men that be in the Cittie Therfore let vs send thys holy one to the number of the blessed and sing to him his due hymne and mourning verse When
When Brutus and Cassius wer gone out of the Citie and Antony nowe alone ruled all he coueted the presidentship of some prouince and the armye therof he was chiefly desirous of Syria but knowing he was alredy suspected he thought he should be more if he required any for the Senat had secretly wrought Dolobella to be against him who was the other Consul and always at strife with Antony Antony seing that Dolobella was a yong man and ambitious perswaded him to aske Syria in Cassius place and their army that was made againste the Parthians but not to aske it of the Senate for that was not expedient but of y people by a law He was perswaded by and by and propounded the lawe The Senate aleaged that he brake Caesars actes he answered that the war of Parthi◠was appointed to no man by Caesar and that Cassius who was sent to Syria was the first that had altered Caesars decrées in giuing leaue to them that wer assigned dwellings in the coūtry to sel their portions before twenty yeares determined by law that he could not take it wel being Dolobella not to be thought worthy of Syria before Cassius The Senate persuaded Asprin◠one of the Tribunes to find a fault in the assebly by some tokē hoping that Antony would haue allowed it being Consul and officer of the tokens and stil as they thought at variance with Dolobella The electiō now being come Asprina affirming the tokē to be vnlucky then the maner was to send other into it Antony was angry at the subtilty cōmaunded the cōpanies to make choyce for Dolobella And so was Dolabella made president of Syria and generall of the army against the Parthians and of the legions that Caesar had gathered for this purpose and left in Macedonia This was the first time that Antony séemed to fauoure Dolabella This being done of the people Antony required Macedonia of the Senate thinking they would be ashamed to denye it him séeing Dolabella had Syria and nowe voyde of an office The Senate gaue it him vnwillingly and maruelled that he woulde deliuer the armye that was there to Dolabella whome yet they were glad shoulde haue it before Antony Nowe Brutus friendes thought good to aske Antony other prouinces for Brutus and Cassius so Cyrene and Creta was giuen them or as some saye both Creta and Syrene to Cassius and Bythinia to Brutus And these were the doings at Rome Octauius Caesars sisters nephew was made of Caesar generall of the horsemen for one yeare and this honor Caesar vsed to gyue to his friends from yeare to yeare He being yet yong was sent of Caesar to Velona to apply his booke and to be trayned in feates of warre there to remayne whilest he wente againste his enimies and to exercise himselfe with the bands of Horsemen that came from Macedonia with other great Captaynes of the armie that resorted thither to visit hym as Caesars kinsman whereby he was knowen to many and wanne the loue of the army for he receyued them that came to him with great curtesie Hauing bin now sixe monethes in Velona about the euening it was told that Caesar was slayne in the Senate house of them that he loued best and might doe most with hym Of further matter nothyng being yet tolde he stoode in feare and doubt whether it were the whole publike worke of the Senate or some priuate practise or whether the doers were punished of the more parte or whose acte it was or whether the multitude did ioyne with them After thys his friendes sente to hym from Rome wishing him to goe to the host of Macedonia for his suretie in the which place after it shuld be knowen that it was no common fact he might be a terror to his enimies in reuenging of Caesar and diuers of the Captaynes promised him that if he woulde come to them they woulde sée hym safe His Mother and Philip his Father in lawe wrote vnto him to take nothing vpon him nor to be encouraged remembring that after Caesar hadde ouercome his enimies he was thus vsed of his déerest friendes The priuate life at this prosent was further off from perill and nowe rather to be chosen and if he were with them at Rome he should be well kept Octauius by these persuaded without further knowledge what was done after Caesars deathe embracing the Captaynes sayled ouer the Ionian Sea not taking land at Brunduse bycause he did not trust the army that was there and therefore was well ware but at another Citie not farre off called Lupio where he stayed and receyued aduertisementes from his friends of Caesars deathe of the peoples tumult of the publication of his testamente and of the orders taken and was aduised to beware of Caesars enimies bycause he was named his sonne and heire counselled him not to take the inheritance vpon him But he thinking it a dishonor as wel of this as not to reuēge Caesars death wēt to Brunduse sēdyng afore to search that there should be none of the strikers in anye awaite The army of that place did méete him and receyued him as Caesars sonne where with good courage he made sacrifice and straightway accepted the name of Caesar for the Romaines vsed to giue their name to them whome they made their children by adoption which he did not only admitte but changed his name frō Octauius Octauius sonne to Caesar Caesars sonne which continued till his ende By and by was there great repaire of mē to him some as Caesars friendes some as his seruantes and fréemade men and some souldioures with them some bringing preparation money toward Macedonia and some other reuenues of other prouinces to Brunduse He then trusting vpon the multitude that came vnto him and in Caesars glory and in the beneuolence of all mē to him tooke his iourney toward Rome accompanyed with a conuenient number which dayly like a streame did increase being safe from open force by the multitude of people not without suspitiō of deceypt bycause all that came with him almost were of newe acquaintāce and euery citie did not fauour him But Caesars souldioures and such as were by his appoyntmēt placed came from the habitations to the fauour of this yong man They lamented for Caesar and complayned of Antony that woulde not reuenge so great a mischiefe affirming that they if any man woulde be their guide would reuenge his death Octauius Caesar gaue them great prayse and willed thē to be quiet for the time and came to Terracina about fiftie miles from Rome where it was told him that Syria and Macedonia was taken from Brutus Cassius by the Consuls and that to comforte them Creta and Syrene were graunted them and that certayne banished men were reuoked and that Pompey was restored and that many were made Senatoures by Caesars determination and diuers other things Being come to Rome his mother Philip and their
friendes came vnto him and againe prayed him not to dissente from the Senate bycause it was decréed that there shoulde be no question of Caesars deathe Further they feared Antony and his power who neyther came himselfe to méete Caesars sonne nor sent any man to receyue hym all the whiche Octauius tooke very temperately and said it was méete that he should goe first to Antony as a yong man to an elder and a priuate man to a Consul and that he would obserue y Senate as should be conuenient And though quoth he there be a decrée that no man should persecute the killers and yet if anye maÌ„ durst take it in hand bath the people and the Senate by law and the goods by iustice yea and peraduenture Antony also wyll be helps to it if he did refuse the inheritaÌ„ce adoptioÌ„ he should offend againste Caesar defraude the people of their distribution In the end he knit vp his spéech that it was not onely honest for him to put himselfe in daÌ„ger for this matter but also if néede be to lose his life otherwise he should séeme vnworthy the choyce y Caesar had made of him in so great matters séeing he himself was wont to contemne all maner of perill Then turning to his mother he rehearsed those words that Achilles spake to Thetis I do rather wish of my life an ende Than I should omitte reuengement of my friend This word quoth he did winne Achilles immortall fame but much more the déede and that he ought to reuenge Caesar not as a friende but as a father not as a fellowe Souldiour but as a Generall not dying by lawe of warre but murthered wickedly in the Senate house For this spéeche his mother from feare turned to you embraced him affirming he only was worthy for Caesar This talke being ended she prayed that all myghte haue lucky and prosperous successe with spéede yet she perswaded him at the firste rather to vse policie and sufferance than playnenesse and boldnesse when he commending hir aunswered he would so do In the nighte he sent to his friendes and prayed them the nexte morning to be with him in the coÌ„mon place wyth the other multitude In that place méeting with Caius Antonius brother to Marcus Antonius a Pretor of the Citie he sayde vnto him that he did accept the adoption of Caesar for it was the manner of Rome that the adopted children should exhibite testimonie to the Pretors which beyng registred he straighte wente out of the common place to Antony the other Conâ—ull who was then in Pompeys gardings whiche Caesar had giuen him and when hée had tarryed at the gate a long whyle he entred into a suspition of Antonies alteration Being at length lette in due salutations and intretaynmeÌ„ts were betwéene them and bycause they must talke of things that were expedient Octauius Caesar sayd thus I Father Antony for the benefites that Caesar shewed to thée and the thankes thou gauest to him requiring thée to be a father to râ—e do prayse thée for the things thou hast done for him and I will be thy debtor of thankes for them but wherein I maye blame thée I will speake it frankely for dolor doth thereto driue me When he was slayne thou wast not present the quellers holding thée withoute the dores for eyther shouldest thou haue saued him or haue bin in the like daunger thy selfe of the whych if the latter must haue happened It is well now that thou wast absente When some decréed them to be honored as againste a Tyrant â–ª thou denyedst it effectually for the whych I know thou deseruest cléere thankes but if thou knowest that those men did conspire thy death not as one that woulde reuenge Caesar as we thinke then were they not Tyrantkillers and for that they fled to the Capitoll as to a Sanctuary like offendors crauing mercâ—e or into a sorte as enimies for their strength wherefore obliuion and acquitall of the murther was required for theÌ„ though some of the Senate or the people were corrupted of them and if thou hadst bin otherwise minded thy office did require thee to punish so great a fault and to correct them that did erre yet diddest thou send pledges of thine owne into the Capitoll for the assurance of the manquellers Well graunt the corrupted sort did force thée to it but when Caesars Testament was redde and thou madest his funerall Oration as righte was and the people for the fresh memorie of Caesar carryed a fire againste them and for their neyghboures sake spared them and agayne they were in armes twice the next day why didst not thou help the people as their leader with fire or armoure to punishe the murtherers if any punishment ought to be of them that are euident offendors by thée a friende to Caesar a Consull and Antony Marius Amatius by commaundement of thy great power was put to deathe but the quellers thou susferedst to slée and to runne to certayne prouinces which wrongfully they holde hauing killed him that gaue them Syria and Macedonia thou and Dolabella doyng well when thinges were setled tooke from them for the whiche I would thanke thée if thou hadst not straight appoynted them to Creta and Cyrene and thought fugitiues worthy prouinces euer to be as garrisons against me Decimus hauyng France our neybour you haue suffered he also being made ruler of that and other by my father but some will say the Senate did determine it yea and thou didst confirme it and satest as chiefe in that Senate the which thou chiefly of all others for thy selfe oughtest to haue resisted To giue them obliuion of their faulâ—o was as a granting only of their liues but to assigne prouinces and honor was a contumelie of Caesar and an ouerthrow of the iudgement Therefore as passion dothe carrie me peraduenture beyonde the due respect of my yeares and reuerence to thée I will speake it both as to a sure friende of Caesar and of him though worthye much honor and power and also as to one that mighte haue bin his heire if he had knowen that thou hadst come of Aeneas rather than Hercules for that did he muche consider when he tooke order for his succession But for the tyme to come O Antony for the Gods of friendship and for the dutie to Caesar if thou wilt change any of the things done as thou must if thou wilt if not at the least help to further me that minde to be reuenged of the quellers with the people and such of my fathers friends as I haue and if any respect of men or of the Senate doth moue thée be not angry with me Thou knowest what a charge I and my house haue about these matters for the performing of the distribution that my father gaue to the people and for the care thereof that by delaying of them I might not séeme vnthankefull nor they that should receyue habitations in the countrey shoulde be
other prouinces to them for theyr suretie Néedes must they appoynte one for another but what manner ones Cyrene and Creta voyde of armies whyche they oure enimies in contempte haue lefte as vnprofitable and by violence haue entred the other whyche wée tooke from them Thus was oure armye putte from oure enimies to Dolabella by deuice and sleighte and exchange of other prouinces for where warre was not there must thinges bée done by lawe This béeyng thus broughte to passe and oure enimies gathering another armye I hadde néede of the same my selfe that was in Macedonia yet wanted occasion to require it When the fame came that the Getes woulde inuade Macedonia whyche not béeyng beléeued espies were sente to vnderstande the truth I decreed that no man ought to aske the Dictatorshippe nor to take it though it were gyuen hym By the whych thyng they béeyng chiefly allured appoynted me the armye and then dyd I thinke my selfe equall with mine enimies not these that be euidente as Octauius thynketh but other moe in number greater in power and not yet appearing When I had done this one of the strikers remayned still hard at our sides Decimus Brutus He béeyng a gouernoure of a greate countrey and a mighty armye verye bolde I deuised to take hys prouince from hym yet wyth a regarde of the Senate promising to delyuer Macedonia voyde of armye The Senate takyng the thyng euill and perceyuing some deuice to bée hadde what and howe greate matter was written to Decimus you knowe and to stirre the Consulles agaynste mée wherefore wyth the more boldenesse dyd I practise to wynne that prouince not by the Senate but by the people and lawe and to haue the armye of Macedonia come to Brundâ—sâ— to vse at all oportunities â–ª and with the Gods help we will vse them as necessitie shall compell vs Thus from muche feare wherein we were at the first we be turned into safetie of them that haue to doe wyth vs and into boldnesse agaynste oure foes whose courage beginnes to shrinke and ours to increase You sée what repentance they make of their decrées and what payne it was to mée to take France gyuen to another man You knowe what they wrote to Decimus and what they persuaded the Consuls agaynste me for that matter but wyth the Gods of oure Countrey wyth dutifull mynde and wyth oure valiante actes by the whyche Caesar was a conqueroure wée wyll reuenge him labouring with our bodyes and counselling wyth oure mynds These thyngs O Souldioure fellowes I woulde haue secrete although howe I haue done them I haue tolde you with whome I will participate all thyngs both in worde and déede the which you may shewe to any other that do not knowe it onely Octauius except who is most vnthankefull to vs. When Antony hadde thus saide it séemed to the Captaynes that he had done all things with great art and policie to deceiue the quellers whome he hated and therefore they were desirous to reconcile them with Caesar once agayne and persuaded them to méete in the Capitoll Not long after Antony did cause some of his gard to be apprehended by his friendes as entised by Octauius to destroy him eyther to discredite Octauius or for that he thoughte it true learning it of such as were sente to hys Campe. He declared this to be done by all coniecture to dispatche hys person whiche matter béeyng quietly heard caused muche adoe and indignation among the people A fewe that were grounded vppon reason were glad that Antony myghte doe Caesar good and also hurte at hys pleasure bycause hée was terrible to the strikers and if hée were once dispatched they myghte wyth the more securitie doe theyr feates bycause the Senate chiefly fauoured them Thus the wyser sorte did thinke but the multitude séeyng that despight and hynderance was dayly offered to Octauius they thoughte it not vnlike to be a calumniation and yet supposed it not good nor honest that Antony beyng Consull shoulde bée in daunger of hys person Octauius Caesar with greate anger and furie wente among them that were of thys opinion and cryed that hée was circumuented of Antony for the frendshyppe that he onely had with the people and ranne to Antonyes house and there he exclaymed and called the Gods to witnesse with all execrations and othes prouoking hym to come to tryall and bycause no bodye came to hym he sayde to hys friendes I am contente to bée iudged by hys owne people And with that he brake in at the dores but béeyng kepte backe he sware and rebuked them that kepte the gates bycause they stopped hym from making further tryall wyth Antony He wente hys way and protested to the people that if any hurte came vnto hym it shoulde come by Antonyes meanes Hauyng spoken this with greate vehemencie it gréeued the people and some of them repented of theyr former opinion Some stoode in doubte and â—usted neyther of them Some thoughte it a dissimulation betwéene them the better to bryng to passe that they had agréed vpon in the Temple againste their enimies and some thought Antonie deuised it to haue a greater garrison about him and to turne mens good will from Octauius Nowe was there secrete intelligence gyuen to hym that the armye at Brunduse and the ordinarie Souldioures were angrye with Antonie bycause he neglected Caesars death and that they woulde reuenge it to their power and that Antonie was gone in hast to Brunduse for this cause Octauius was afrayde least he returning with his armye shoulde finde hym vnprouided He tooke mony and wente to Campania to winne the Cities that were inhabited by such â–ª as had serued his father and first he persuaded Celatia and Silio two Townes about Capua He gaue euerie man fiue hundred drammes and had tenne thousande menne neyther armed nor distributed into due bands and order but only as a gard of his person vnder one ensigne They in the Citie were afrayde of Antonies commyng with his army and when they heard that Octauius was comming with another they were in a double feare and some tooke it well that they mighte vse Octauius against Antony Some that sawe theyr reconciliation in the Capitoll thought it but a dissimulation and a recompence of the one to be in authoritie and the other to persecute the quellers In thys disquietnesse Carnutiw the Tribune enimie to Antony and friende to Octauius wente to knowe the truth whyche béeyng done hée declared to the people that there was playne variance betwéene Antony and Octauius and that it stoode them in hande to make Octauius theyr friende séeyng they had none other armye to resist Antonyes Tyrannie When he had sayde thus he willed Octauius to enter who lay a little withoute the Citie at the Temple of Mars Hée dyd so and came to the Temple of Iupiters chyldren about the whyche the Souloioures stoode with theyr weapons openly Carnutius spake firste against Antony Then Octauius hymselfe reuiued the memorie
the olde Souldioures that then serued were counted twice so good as the yong So hadde Antony an armye of foure legions of experte Souldioures beside suche as bée wonte to followe as venturers and the olde guarde of hys person wyth other nâ—we chosen Lepidus in Iberia hadde thrée legions Asinius Pollio twoo and Plancus in further Fraunce thrée all the whyche séemed to take Antonies parte Octauius Octauius Caesar had twoo choise legions that wente from Antony â–ª one of yoÌ„g souldiors and two of them that serued him first neyther full in number nor furnished in armoure yet supplyed of the newe commers He gathered these togither at Alba and sent them to the Senate They dydde so muche reioice in Octauius as a man myghte doubte that anye dydde before honoure Antony yet were they not content that the legions that went from hym shoulde goe to Octauius and not to them Neuerthelesse they praysed them and Caesar promising shortly after to determine by decrée what was to bee doonc when the newe Magistrates hadde theyr offices It was euident in the ende that they woulde bend against Antony and bycause they had no army and coulde gather none wythout the Consuls auctoritie they deferred all till the newe election Caesars army offred him Maces and Sergeants prepared and prayed him to take vpon hym the Lieutenantship and leading of their warre they being euer vsed to such auctoritie He thanked them for the honoure but referred the matter to the Senate them that wolde haue gone by heaps for this purpose he forbad and staied them that would haue sent Ambassadours that the Senate quoth hée maye take order for it of themselues vnderstanding of your offer and my refusall They hardly beeyng contented this waye and the Capitaines construing it as men had in some suspition he declared vnto them that the Senate dyd not rather encline to him for good will than for feare of Antony and want of army til we quoth he haue dispatched Antony The murtherers being friends and kinsemen to the Senate wil gather power for theÌ„ whych I perceyuing wil pretend to obey them And this is not to be disclosed for if we take power vppon vs they will call it violence and contumelic but if wée make daunger of it they will peraduenture giue it vs fearing otherwise wée shal haue it by you When hée hadde thus sayde hée sawe the twoo legious that came to him from Antony shewing the shape of battayle contending together in as vehement wise as thoughe they hadde béene fighting indéede kylling onely excepted and hée béeing delighted with this feate and glad to take the occasion didde gyue to euery man other fiue hundred drammes and if anye necessitye by the warre shoulde followe hée promised to them hauing the better hande fyue thousande drammes a man. Thus did Caesar with liberalitie of rewarde winne them that were hys hyred menne and these were the dooyngs in Italy In Fraunce Antony commaunded Decimus to go into Macedonia to obey the people and saue himselfe Decimus sente him the letters of the Senate verye well written signifying that as well oughte hée to obey the Senate as he the people Antony appoynted hym a daye when hée woulde vse hym as an enimie Decimus required hym to appoynt a longer daye to hymselfe that hée shoulde not too soone be made an enimye to the Senate Antony that was too good for hym in the fielde yet thoughte it better to goe vnto the Cities and they receyued hym Decimus béeyng afrayde that hée shoulde not when hée would enter anye of them fayned he hadde receyued letters from the Senate to returne to Rome wyth hys army and so as one goyng home into Italy he was receiued in euery place But when he came to Mutina a plentifull Citie he shutte the gates and commaunded the Citizens to bring all thynges foorthe that was necessarye for foode and caused al their beasts to be kylled and poudred for feare the siege woulde laste long and so he tarryed for Antonies comming Hys armye was a number of Sworde-players and thrée legions armed whereof one was of new Souldiours withoute experience the other two of former seruice and very faithfull to hym Antony with anger came againste Decimus and caste a trenche aboute the Cittie and so was Decimus besieged In Rome the Consuls according to the yeare being chosen dydde straighte assemble the Senate with sacrifices in the Temple agaynste Antony Cicero and his friends did require he might be iudged an enimie bycause he by force of armes didde take the Prouince of France contrarie to the Senats pleasure to trouble hys countrey and bycause he had brought that army into Italie that was appoynted hym againste the Thracians They alleadged also againste hym that after Caesar he sought to rule being armed in the Citie with so many band-leaders and vsing his house as a forte full of Souldiours and Ensigns and in all hys dooyngs more insolent than became a yearely officer Lucius Piso one that fauoured Antonies faction and a man verye notable among the Romaynes and other that fauoured Piso for Antonies cause required hée myghte bée called into iudgement bycause it was not the manner of theyr countrey to condemne anye manne before hée were hearde nor conuenient that hée that was yesterdaye a Consull should thys daye be an enimy especially hauing bene so ofte praysed bothe of Cicero and of other The Senate stoode doubtfull in the cause all the night The nexte day in the morning béeyng agayne assembled the Ciceronians wyth greate instaunce hadde decréede Antony an ennimye hadde not Saluius the Tribune dissolued the counsell till the nexte daye In these offices hée hathe moste power that maye prohibite The Ciceronians dydde spitefully laboure againste hym and ranne among the people to styrre them vppon hym and cited Saluius to aunswere He wythoute feare came foorthe till the Senate stayed hym fearing leaste he should incense the people to drawe them to the memorye of Antonie they were not ignoraunte that they condemned a noble manne wythout iudgement nor that the people had gyuen hym France but for feare of the strykers they were angry with hym bycause he first brake the lawe of Obliuion therefore they chose Octauius agaynst him before who not being ignoraunt therof was desirous to dispatch Antony The Senate being thus affected the voyces notwithstanding were deferred to the Tribunes Yet it was determined that Decimus shoulde be praysed for that he had not giueÌ„ place to Antonie in Celtica And that Caesar with the Consuls Hircius Pansa should ioyne with such armies as he now had that an Image of gold should be made to honour him that he might giue voyce among the Senatours and be allowed to be Consull ten yeares before the lawe and that the legions that went from Antony to him shoulde haue as muche giuen them of the Treasure as Caesar had appointed to them after the victorie all the
which being decréed they brake vp euen as already Antony had being an enemy in déede no Tribune daring speake for him the next daye Wherefore his wife and hys mother wyth his sonne being yet yong and his other friendes and familiars all the night went to the great mens houses to beséech them and the next daye came to the Senate house suing to euerye man falling to their féete with wéeping and wayling in blacke habite they cryed out at the counsel dore and some for the lamentable voyces and behauiour for the sodennesse of the matter were moued with compassion wherefore Cicero being afrayde he spake thus vnto the Senate What we ought to decrée of Antony yesterday we did determine for when we gaue honour to his aduersaries we coÌ„demned him as an enimie Saluius was only an impediment against vs eyther for that he thinketh himselfe more wise than we or for the friendship he beareth to Antony or for ignoraÌ„ce of the matter Euerye one of these is to our great shame that al we should haue lesse wit than one and also to Saluius if he do prefer his friendship before the coÌ„mon wealth But wheÌ„ he hath not well vnderstand this present case he should haue giuen credite to the Consul the Pretors and to the Tribunes his fellowes and to the other Senatoures in number and worthinesse so manye who for oure age and experience oughte to knowe Antonie â–ª better than Saluâ—o In publique causes and iudgementes the more parte euer hath the right but if causes muste vee knowne and nowe learned agayne I wyll repeate them briefelye and touche the moste principall matter When Caesar was deade Antony tooke awaye oure common money the rule of Macedonia he hadde by vs but into Fraunce he entred violently without vs The army that was delyuered hym againste the Thracians hée brought into Italie againste vs requiring these deceitfully of vs and not obtayning hee did them of himselfe At Brunduse heâ— ordained a princelye bande to be aboute hym and openlye in Rome men in armour dyd guarde and watche hym vnder ensignes He broughte from Brunduse an other armye to the Cittie readye to all attemptes aspiring to the things that Caesar whom hée lamented coueted and when yong Caesar prepared againste hym another armye hee was afrayde and wente into Fraunce as a place fittest to vse force againste vs bycause Caesar from that place did inuade vs and got the rule ouer vs and giuing terrour to his armye that they mighte sticke to him in all hys vnlawfull dooyngs by lotte hee caused them to dye neither making anye mutinie nor forsaking their charge and order in battell for the whiche onelye the lawe of armes I thinke hath appoynted that punishemente whyche fewe Capitaynes scarcelye in greate perills woulde vse for necessitie But hee at a worde and a ieste giueth death to Citizens and death not of them that deserue but of suche as he woulde choose wherefore they that coulde haue forsaken hym and you yesterdaye dyd determine to rewarde them as those that hadde doone well They that coulde not escape awaye for feare doe dwell with him and as enimies inuade youre lande and besiege youre armye and youre generall and whom you appoynted to remaine in Fraunce Antony commaundeth hym to departe Whether then haue we iudged Antony an ennimye or doeth hée vse vs as enimyes Oure Tribune wyll not know this tyll Decimus be deade and tyll that prouince so greate and so nygh vnto vs and after the prouince the armye also of Decimus maye be in Antonies power to worke hys hope agaynste vs For by lyke the Tribunes wyll not â—o soone decrée hym to be an ennimye tyll hee bée Lorde ouer vs. Whyle Cicero was thus saying hys friendes made a greate noyse continuallye and woulde not suffer anye manne to speake agayne tyll Piso rose vppe when as the Senate for the reuerence of him commaunded silence and then the Ciceronians stayde and Piso thus beganne to speake The lawe O Senatours doth allowe the accused to haue hys cause heard and when he hath aunswered for himselfe to be iudged accordynglye Cicero the moste vehement Oratoure I doe chalenge who durste not accuse Antony when he was presente and in hys absence hath layde greate matter to his charge the greatest and doubtfullest whereof I wyll note and wyth shorte aunswere shewe them to bée false Hee sayeth that Antony after Caesar â–ª deathe dyd take the publique money as hys owne the lawe calleth suche one â— Theefe and not an enimye appointyng the payne Therefore when Brutus hadde slayne Caesar and accused hym to the people for spoyling the common money and leauing the â—teâ—â—â— nothyng Antony by and by did decrée that the matter 〈…〉 â—t searched 〈…〉 approued hys sentence by publique 〈…〉 appointyng a rewarde of the tenthe 〈…〉 to them that woulde declare it whych we wyll double if any man can accuse Antony of that And thus much concerning the money The prouince of Fraunce we did not appoint to Antony the people did by lawe Cicero being present in such sort as manye other be giuen and heretofore gaue the same to Caesar in like maner Part of the decrée is that Antony should make warre vpon Decimus if he would not giue place vnto him and that the army prepared against the Thracians who stirreth not shoulde be led against him if he resisted Cicero doth not iudge Decimus an enemye that maketh warre againste the lawe but Antony that obeyeth the lawe If he condemneth hym hee condemneth them that made the lawe whome hee ought by persuasion to pacific and not to prouoke by contumelie Neither ought he to credite that place to Decimus whoÌ„ the people haue bannished for murder discredite Antony to whom the people haue giuen it by law It is no good counsel to make diuision with the people especially in dauÌ„gerous times nor to forget that this belongeth chiefly to the people to iudge of friendes and foes for by the auntient lawes the people only is Lord of war and peace in the whiche at this time notwithstanding they haue not appointed nor commaunded nor vsed their priuiledge ouer vs But he saith Antony killed certain Souldiours being general and appointed therevnto by you Neuer was there Captaine generall that was charged wyth that offiÌ„ce For the lawes haue not thought it méete that the Captaine should be subiect to the Souldiours and there is nothing worse in a campe than disobedience by the whiche some conquerours haue bene ouerthrowen None of them that were punished haue complayned nor none of their friendes or kinsfolke But Cicero hath accused and finding fault at their death instead of such honor as hath ben wont to be giuen to such executers he wil haue Antony exclaymed an enimy How Antonies army was disordered how they disâ—ayned hym it is enâ—deÌ„t by the two legions y are fled froÌ„ him whoÌ„ you coÌ„manded to serue vnder him â— they contrary to y law of souldiers haue not fled froÌ„ him to you
but to Octa. Caesar which Cicero prayseth also yesterday would haue theÌ„ rewarded of y commoÌ„ Treasure whiche example I pray God you do not one daye repent to suche inconuenience hath enmity caried Cicero He accuseth Antonies Tyranny also and murder of souldiours wheras they that séeke mischiefe to their countries euer do please their armies and not so punish theÌ„ And bycause he can accuse Antony of none other matter of Tiranny after Caesars rule go to I wil aske him questions of euery thing Whom hath Antony killed vnharde as a Tyrant who now him selfe vnhard is in daunger to be condemned whome hath he vanished whom hath he cast out hath he bin so to euery particular man hathe he layde traynes for vs all at once when O Cicero he decreed forgetfulnesse of all things done or that no man shoulde prosecute the murder or that a search shoulde be made of common Treasure or when he called home Pompey your Pompeis sonne or when he wished he might be recompenced of the common for his fathers substaunce or when he dispatched the counterfayte Marius whom then you al praysed and now only in that Cicero will not you disprayse or when he determined that no Dictator should be created or spoken of or when he ordayned that he that would shoulde dye for it These were the things that Antony did to vs in two monethes when he alone remayned in the Cittie after Caesar when by and by the people pursewed the stickers when by and by we were afrayde of things to come When if he woulde haue taken his occasion and haue bene vmust he coulde not haue had a better yet hée dyd not vse hys power to the contrary What did not he alone rule when Dolobella was gone into Syria What dyd not he vse hys army preste to al purposes in the Citie whyche you appointed to hym did he not watch the Citie was not he himself garded by night for feare of his enimies had he not occasioÌ„ by Caesars death his friend and benefactour and most deare to the people Had he not another more nere wheÌ„ his body was laid for of meÌ„ of whom he neyther banished nor put to death any but rather fauoured them as much as by reasoÌ„ honesty he coulde not enuying them These you sée O Romaines be the greatest and most doubtful matters that Cicero hathg athered against him and to hys accusations he ioyneth deuination as thoughe Antony woulde haue broughte so greate an armye againste the Cittie but that hee was afrayde of Octauius Caesar that preuented hym wyth an other armye If to entende onely so bee the parte of a manne that is an ennimye why doeth hee not counte hym one that came and encamped in the Cittye and gaue you no warnyng of it If Antony woulde come howe hapte it hee came not was hée afrayde of Caesars thrée thousande vnarmed he hauyng thirtye thousand well armed They came onely to Caesar for to helpe to a pacifycation betwéene them but when they saw that warre would follow they forsooke hym If he were afrayde when hée had thyrtie thousande howe came he hither with one thousande with the whyche goyng to Tibure howe manye dyd wee sende vnto hym howe manye of vs wente to bee sworne of hym that were not sworne before what prayses dyd Cicero make of hys good gouernemente and vertue howe woulde Antony if hee hadde knowen thys haue lefte wyth vs the pledges that nowe bee without the Senate house hys mother hys wife and hys young sonne whyche lamente and feare nowe not of Antonies doyngs in the common wealthe but for hys ennimyes power Thys I haue rehearsed vnto you as an example of Antonies innocencye and Ciceros mutabilitye And to them that well wyll consyder I wyll giue thys exhortation neyther to charge the people nor Antony neyther to bring in generall enimetie and daunger the common wealthe beyng sickely and wantyng them that spéedâ—â—â—c might relieue it but to make the Cyttie strong before they abroade doe styrre anye tumulte whereby wee maye resiste anye that wyll ryse againste vs and â—â—â—ge of them as wee shall thinke good and performe what wee haue iudged But howe can thys bée done If wee can suffer Antony for the loue or fauour of the people to haue Fraunce if wee call home Decimus wyth hys three legions and when hée is come senâ—e hym into Macedonia retayning hys legions and calling for the two legions that wente from Antony wee doe require them as Cicero sayeth of Caesar to bee in the Citie so as hauyng fiue legions wee maye confyrme what wee will by decree and not be driuen to hang of anye mans hope Thys haue I spoken to the hearers without enuye or emulation But for them that inconsiderately and vnaduisedly séeke to trouble â–ª you for priuate grudge or displeasure I shall beséeche the Judges not to bée to quicke nor swifte againste so greate men and leaders of so mightye armyes that they doe not force them to make warre againste their wyli remembryng Marcus Coriolanus and the late Caesar whom bringing an armye likewise and offring verye good conditions of concorde wee rashelye condemned as enimye and of necessitie made him to bee so indéede Let vs beare wyth the people that while earst did stirre againste the strykers of Caesar that we séeme not to hys reproch to giue them prouinces of nations nor prayse Decimus bycause hee despiseth the peoples lawe and condemne Antony bycause hee receyueth Fraunce by the peoples order And it behoueth them that bee of good iudgement to redresse them that goe astraye and the Consuls and Tribunes to prouide for the daungers of the present state Thus dyd Piso speake in defence with cries and sharpe wordes and was the onlye cause why Antony was not iudged a rebell Yet coulde he not obtayne that hee shoulde haue the prouince of Frenche Celtica For the friendes and kinsefolke of the killers for feare did lette it leaste the warre shoulde ceasse and hee bee at one with Octauius and they both reuenge Caesars deathe Wherefore theyr practise and deuise was to kepe Antony and Octauius styll at debate It was decréed that Antony should receiue Macedonie in stead of Lombardie Al other orders eyther of ignoraunce or of purpose they committed to Cicero to appoint and to giue answere to Embassadours He hauing this sentence dyd thus determyne That Antony shoulde streight departe from Modena and leaue Celtica to Decimo and to be within the compasse of the floud Rubicone which diuideth Italie from Lombardie by a daye prefixed and committe all his matters to the Senate Thus Cicero ambitiously and vniustly dyd appointe his determinations not for anye so great priuate enmitie but as it shoulde séeme by destinye that was determined to trouble the state with mutation and bring himselfe to some euill happe in the ende At this instante they were come that broughte the ashes of Trebonius and the despight vsed to him which being throughly knowne the Senate did
easilye decrée Dolabella to bée a rebell When the messengers were come to Antony they were ashamed of their strange commission and sayd nothing but deliuered the decrée vnto him â–ª He with great anger did â—â—ueigh against the Senate Cicero maruelling that they would thinke Caesar a Tyranne or a king that had so muche augmented the state of Rome and not accompte Cicero so whome Caesar toke in warre and yet did not kill whereas Cicero doeth preferre hys killers before his friendes and hated Decimus when he was trusty to Caesar and loued him euer since he was a killer of him would ayde him that only by Caesar kept Celtica iudge hym a rebell that had it by the people To the legions that were assigned by decrée and reuolted the Senate giueth rewarde but none to them that remayne in their duety and so corrupt quoth he the discipline of war not belonging to me but to the Citie To the quellers he could graunt obliuion of the facte to whiche I consente for two noble mennes sake but Antonye and Dolobella hee iudgeth enimyes bycause wee kéepe that was giuen vs for that is the verye cause But if I leaue Celtica I am neither enimy nor tyranne I protest I will dissolue that forgetfulnesse that shall not be verye acceptable to hym Many things after this sorte spake Antony and wrote thys aunswere to the decrée that to the Senate he woulde obey as to hys Countrey but to Cicero that wrote the commaundement thus he spake The people haue giuen me Celtica by lawe Decimus that wil not obey I will remoue and reuenge the matter of murther in hym for all that the Senate may be purged of the â—aulte they be in whereof they be ful for Ciceroes sake to helpe Decimus When Antony had thus saide he wrote it by and by Wherefore the Senate iudged hym an enimy and the armye with him vnlesse they wente from hym Macedonia and Illiria with the armies of both they appointed to Marcus Brutus till the common wealth were brought to better state He had an armye of hys owne and had receyued one of Appuleius He had shippes bothe gallies and hulkes and sixtéen thousand talents of money and greate plenty of armour which he founde in the Citie of Demeatride layde vp there by Caesar all the whiche the Senate confirmed by the decrée that hée mighte vse to the benefit of hys country Syria was by the Senate appoynted to Cassius and commaunded to make warre vppon Dolobella and all that had prouinces or armies of the Romaines from the Ionian Sea to the Easte were charged to obey Brutus and Cassius Wherefore Cassius and Brutus estate was sodainely in great fame When Octauius Caesar vnderstoode these thynges hée was in doubt for where he thought the lawe of Obliuion to procéede of a conuenieÌ„cie of humanitie and a respect of pitie of their kinsfolke that were men in like aucthoritie and therfore had appointed them to prouinces for a shorte tyme for their securitie as Celtica to Decimus to note Antony of Tyranny and by that deuice to induce hym againste Antony Nowe that Dolobella was condemned as a rebell for killing one of the quellers and that mightye nations were giuen in prouince to Erutus and Cassius and manye armies wyth greate speedinâ—â—ie appointed to them with abundaunce of money and that they were made Generalles of all the people from Ionia to India He perceâ—ued that all this tended to the aduauncement of Pompeys parte and to the vtter destruction of Caesars And that the Senate wente aboute to deceyue hym as a youngman the plotte wherof he conceiued in his mynd and that when he was made a Capitaine against Antony it was meant to take his armye from him and that the Consulls being in the fielde there was no néede of any other Capitayne and that onely honours were gyuen to the Souldiours that reuolted from Antony and hys vnhonoured and that this warre would worke his infamy beâ—ng vsed to none other intent of the Senate but to the destruction of Antony He kept the considerations secrete to hymselfe and makâ—ng sacrifice for the charge gyuen hym he thus sayd to hys armye This honour O fellow Souldiours I may thanke you for not onelye nowe but from the tyme you gaue mée power For your sakes the Senate haue gyuen iâ— me and therfore for this also you know I am youre debtor of thankes whiche if the Gods shall gyue vs god lucke I will requite abundantly Thus did he speake to winâ—e hys armye and marched foorth Pansa one of the Consuls lead his army ouer Italy Hirtius the other Consull diuided with Caesar and as he was secretely instructed of the Senate he required in the diâ—ision the two legions that went from Antony bycause they were counted the best Souldiors Caesar did grant euery thing and when they had diuided they encamped togither that wynter At the ende of winter Decimus beganne to lacke victual wherefore Hirtius and Caesar wente to Mutina that Antony shoulde not get from them Decimus armye opprest with famine Antony holding Mutina straighte they with all their forces woulde not fight with hym but tarried for Pansa Diuers skirmishes were made in the whyche thoughe Antony hadde the greater number of horse yet the narrownesse of the fielde and the ditches about the riuers did kéepe backe the multitude of horsemen And thus went the matter at Mutina In Rome in the absence of the Consuls Cicero dydde al as the peoples ruler He assembled the Senate euerye daye hée made prouision of armour compelling workemen without payment He gathered money and putte great impositions vppon Antonies friendes They suffered it patiently to auoide displeasure til Publius Ventidius that had serued vnder Caesar and was friende to Antony could not abide the sharpenesse of Cicero but wente to Caesars habitations where he was well knowne and gotte twoo legions whyche he ledde to Antonie by Rome to take Cicero Great trouble grew of this insomuche as manye wente awaye wyth their wiues and children for feare and Cicero fledde oute of the Cittie whyche when Ventidius knewe hée tourned straighte to Antony and being stepte by Caesar and Hirtius hée wente to Picene where he gathered another legion and stayed to sée what would come The Consull and Caesar séeing that Pansa drew nighe with hys hoste sente Carsâ—leius the leader of Caesars chiefe bande and the Martiall legion to helpe him to passe the straights Antonie dydde not muche care for the passage so he mighte otherwise hinder them and being desirous of the â—ight could not vse his horsemen in the playne bycause of the Fenny place full of ditches He hidde twoo of hys beste legions in the Fenne the waye béeing made by hande and straighte and on both sides couered with réedes Carsuleius all the nighte passing â—hys place by the breake of day was come to the way made with hand With the
Martialls Souldioures and fyue other bandes they wente vppon the made way being cleare of ennimyes and beholde the Fenne on euerye syde and when they sawe the stirring of the réedes and some glittering of tergâ—ts and headpéeces they began to suspect when as the chiefe band of Antony sodainelye appeared afore them The Martiall legion being on both sides beset and hauing no roomth to shifte abroad forbad the newe souldiours to take anye paines wyth them leaste for lacke of experience they shoulde trouble them they placed Caesars thiefe bande againste Antonies and they diuiding themselues to twoo encountred with bothe legions Pansa was Capitaine of the one parte and Carsâ—leius of the other And bycause there was two Fens there was two fights and bycause of the straight place the one could not sée the other and vppon the verye waye the two chiefe bandes beganne another fight betweene themselues Antonies men entended to be reuenged of the Martialls bycause they were fugitiues and to vse them as traytoures The Martialls woulde bée reuenged of them as suspected of theyr fellowes deathes at â—â—unduse Béeyng thus priuie one to anothers doings and that they were the strength of eyther armye they hoped by thys onely feate that the warre woulde be determined The one was ashamed that two legions shoulde be ouercome of one the other sought glorye that one legion shoulde defeate two and so they ioyned battel for anger and emulation â–ª rather of themselues than of their Capitaynes trying now their owne matter And for their experience they neyther made crie as though they had not stroken one another nor in the fight any of them vttered anye voyce neither when he had the better nor when he had the worse They fetched no compasse nor course but stoode firme as in Fennes and ditches where they could not one put another backe but with their shorte swords they clasped togither as in a wrestling place No blowe was giuen in vaine â–ª but either woundes or slaughter followed and only sighes in steede of voice He that fell had straight another putte in hys place There was no néede of exhortation or calling on euerye man by his owne experience was a Captayne to hymselfe And when they had ouerlaboured they woulde staye to take breath as men do in places of exercise and straighte close agayne The young souldiours stoode in a maze to sée thys feate doone with so good order and silence all these continuing beyond mans nature the chiefe band of Caesar was all slaine The Martialls vnder Carsuleius hadde rather the vpper hande of their enimies who not disorderedly but in ray withdrew theÌ„ selues They vnder Pansa dyd abide it out and equally stoode to it on bothe sides till Pansa was wounded with a darte in the belly and was caried to bononia Then they at the firste retyred in order but after they turned more swiftely as flying which when the yong Souldiours sawe they fled with confusion and crie to the campe which Torquatus the Pretor had prouided whyles they were fightyng foreséeing the néede of it to the whiche the new Souldiours ran with great violence beyng Italians as well as the Martials but exercise maketh them of one nation so much to differ in vertue The Martials dyd not enter the trench for dishonour but stoode before it and weary though they were remayned ready to resist any assaulte and to abide the ende of the matter Antony dyd not touche the Martialles bycause he knewe them valiant but the young Souldiours he chased and made greate slaughter among them Hirtius at Mutina hearyng of the fight beyng aboute eyght myles distant came in baste with the other legion that was fled from Antony The sunne was now goyng downe and Antonies Souldiours hauing the victory went singing to their camp Hirtius appeared to them he beyng in good order with one legion sounde and valiante and they out of order Wherefore of necessitie they placed themselues in due sort and shewed many valiant and noble feates but although they were coragious yet beyng weary they were ouercome of the other that were freshe and the most parte slayne of Hirtius in this feate albeit he did not folow them for feare of the Fennes and the night comming on did seuer them The Fenne in most places was filled with harnesse and dead men and with half dead and wounded They that were safe dispaired of themselues for wearinesse But the horsemen of Antony rode about al night and gathered them togither some they caried themselues some they brought home on horsebacke some they badde take holde by the horse tayle to goe the faster and séeke to saue themselues Thus Antony hauyng fought very nobly loste his force by the commyng of Hirtius wherefore he abode in a village in the fielde without a campe The Village is called French Market The halfe of eyther syde was slayne and Câ—sâ—rs bande of his person vtterly destroyed Of Hirtiâ—s Souldioures few were left all the which the nexte morning remoued their Camps to Mutina After this losse Antony determined no more to giue battell to hys enimies nor to admitte any attempt to the same but with his Horsemen only to molest them daye by day till he had gotten Decimus to yéelde being driuen by hunger For this cause Hirtius and Caesar the rather prouoked hym to fight and whereas they did perceyue that Antony woulde not come forth keeÌ„pyng his men in order they went to the other side of the Citie whych bicause it was the harder to approch was the lesse kept y with their whole army they myght enter by force Antony made resistance only with his horsemen but they being put backe by other horse and the army passing as it would Antony was afraid â–ª of the Citie and brought forth two legious They glad of thys retired and foughte with them and whilest Antony from other campes sent for mâ—â— legions as in a troubled time of so greate and suddayne attempt the whiche being long a comming Caesars men ouerthrew Antonies in the fight and Hirtius droue Antony to his Campe where fighting manfully before Antonies Tente he was slayn whose body Caesar louing â–ª in great spéed recouered and gote the Campe till shortlye hée was repulsed by Antony Both of them watched all night in armoure Antony being fallen with this seconde losse streighte after the battell called hys friends to counsell They thought according to his former meaning to kéepe still the sâ—â—ge at Mâ—dena and not to come to anye fight for both the losses were like Hirtius slayne and Pansa hurte In Horsemen he the better and Mutina broughte to extreame want must needes shortly giue ouer Thus his friends thoughte good and it was best indede but Antoniâ— God now striking him was afraide least Caesar shoulde procéede to the obteyning of the Citie as he did the day before or by making walles entrenche hym hauing many pioners for the purpose and then his Horse should do him no good he
said Lepidus and Plancus wil despite me as one ouercome but if we goe froÌ„ Modena Veâ—tidius wil streight come to vs with thrée legions from the marches of Anâ—onâ—â— and then being so strong Lepidus and Plâ—ncus will take my part Thus he said and as a man not afrayde in perils he leuyed his séege and went straight toward the Alpes When Decimus was delyuered of the séege he began to feare Caesar as an enimie bycause both Consuls were now gone wherefore he make the bridges of the riuer before day sent to him both acknowledging hym the author of his safetie and prayed him that hauing the floude betwixte them he woulde come to a talke with witnesse of Citizens where he would let him vnderstand that very wicked Fortune forced him to conspire against Caesar being thereto driuen of other Octauius angerly aunswered the messengers refusing the thankes that Decimus gaue him for I quoth he came not to saue Decimus but to ouerthrow Antonie with whome to be reconcyled there is no reason but to come to spéech or fighte of Decimus his nature abhorred it let him therefore kéepe himselfe so long as it shall so séeme to them of the Citie When Decimus heard this not being farre from the floud he called to Caesar by name and with a loude voyce redde vnto him the Senates letters by the which they had giuen him the prouince of Celticaâ— And he forbad also Caesar that without the Consuls he shoulde not passe the bridge into any others prouince nor follow Antonie for he was able ynough to do it Octauius séeyng him in such boldnesse by the Senate when he mighte by his commission haue taken him hée spared him and wente to Bononia to Pansa from whence he wrote to the Senate of all things and so did Paâ—sâ— whose letters Cicero did reade to the people of Rome as from the Consull but Caesars were redde to the Senate onely There was decréed generall Processions of fiftie dayes agaynste Antonie the like whereof was not done of the Romaines neyther for the warre of Fraunce nor none other battayle The Consulles armyes were appoynted to Decimus Pansa béeyng yet aliue but not lyke to scape and Decimus made generall alone agaynste Antonie and publike Prayers were made that Decimus myghte ouercome Antonie so greate an hate and displeasure was growen agaynste Antonie â—o the two legions that fledde from Antony was confirmed to euery Souldiour accordyng to the former promise fiue thousand Dâ—ammes of the common treasure as to Souldiours of conquest and it was graunted them in solemne feastes to weare a crowne of Dâ—â—ue leaues Of Octauius nothing was mentioned not so much as his name so soone dyd they contemne him as though Antony had bene vtterly destroyed They wrote also to Leptâ—â—â— â—â—â—â—cus and Asinius to fight with Antony when they should â—â—â—â—gh hym These were done in Rome Pansa beyng at poynt of death by reason of his wounde said thus to Caesar sittyng by him 〈…〉 is a friende to thy father as to my selfe whome I coulde not â—â—â—eage beyng slayne not able to resiste so many whome thou also haste done wisely to obey although thou haddest an armie They at the firste fearyng thée and Antony a manne moste ambitious and enclinyng towarde Caesars sentence haue bene content to suffer you to be at variance and consume your selues and when they sawe that thou wast Lorde of an army as iyong man they set thée foorth with some countenance and slender honours After thou wast stronger and of more estimation and that thou wouldest not recerue the autoritie vnder the army that they gaue thée they were troubled and they appoynted thée to ioyne with vs that wée mighte take from thée the twoo legions which were moste practised hopyng that if any of you were ouercome the other alone shoulde be the more weaker and after hym destroy al Caesars friendes and set vp Pompeys This was the summe of the determination I and Hirtius haue done our coÌ„mission to represse Antony that grewe into suspition Now that he is ouercome wae thought it beste for thée to be at one with him doyng thée this benefite â–ª in remembraunce of Caesars amitie onely that whiche we supposed will further thy felicitie in tyme to come Afore this time to haue giuen thée this Consell had not benefitte but nowe that Antony is broken Hirtius dead and I not like to liue oportunitie serueth to speake not that thou shouldest thanke me when I am dead but that thou beyng borne to great felicitie as thy déedes do shewe mightest knowe what is beste for thée and the chayse and destiny of Hirtius and mée The armye that thou gauest vs we thinke it most fitte to gyue thée agayne and so we do The yong Souldyoures if thou couldest keepe I would also giue thée but it would much offende the Senate bycause the officers of them were sent as kéepers to vs and it would worke thâ—â— enuâ—e and put thée to more trouble than néedes therefore Torquatus the Pretor shall haue them When he had thus sayd and deliuered them to Torquatus he dyed and they as the Senate commaunded were sent to Decimus Caesar deliuered Hirtius and Pansa to their funerall with greate honor and sent them to Rome with great shew In Syria and Macedonia at this time diuers things happened Iulius Caesar when he passed by Syria left a Legion there mynding then to go against the Parthians Cecilius Bassus had the charge thereof but Iulius Sextus a yong man and allyed to Caesar had the dignitie who ledde the legion without order to delitious and licentious life the which when Bassus reproued he vsed him wyth despightefulnesse and Bassus againe calling him and he grudging at it he commaunded he should by force be broughte before him At the which wheÌ„ tumult and fray was made the army not bearing this despighte killed Iulius whereof they streighte repented theÌ„ for feare of Caesar Then making oth one to another that vnlesse forgiuenesse and faith were giuen them they woulde fyght to deathe and compelling Bassus to that oth they gathered another legion trayned them to their exercise Thus some do write of Bassus But Libo writeth that Bassus was of Pompeys parte and after the battayle liued priuately in Tyro where he did corrupte some of the Legion who killed Sextus and after obeyed Bassus But howsoeuer the matter wente â–ª they valiantly resisted Sextius Murcus that was sente of Caesar with thrée Legions till Murcus did call to Minutius Crassus that was ruler of Bythinia who came into his ayde with thrée other Legions and when Bassus was beséeged of these Cassius came in great hast and receyued by and by the two legions of Bassus and also wanne the fire legions that beséeged him by friendship who obeyed him as vnder-Consul For as I sayd before it was decréed that all should obey Cassius and Brutus Albienus at that time being sente of Dâ—lobella
into Aegipt brought from thence foure legions whiche being scattered after the ouerthrowe of Crassus and Pompey or else lefte of Caesar wyth Cleopatra Cassius comming suddaynely vpon hym compelled him to deliuer his Legions in Palestina being afrayd with foure Legions to fighte with eyghte So Cassius beyonde expectation was Lord of twelue full Legions and Dolobella going out of Asia into Liodicea where for frendship he was receyued he followed and beséeged whiche thyng when the Senate hearde they were glad In Macedonia Caius Antonius brother to Antonius Marcus dyd make warre with Brutus hauing one Legion of armed Citizens and being inferioure to Brutus he layde traynes for hym which Brutus escaping did catch him with the like traynes and doing nothing to him nor them that he had taken he badde his owne Souldioures to be familiar with their enimies but they refusing that familiaritie and not admitting their conuâ—rsation he suffered them freely to departe when he had them at advantage They goyng another way he appeared suddaynely vnto them in another straight where he dyd not touche them but gently receyued them They remembring that he was euer thought to be the most courteous Citizen and worthy the opinion that he had of wisedome and mildenesse they accepted hys courtesie and gaue themselues vnto him Caius also yéelded to hym and was in honor with Brutus till he was founde manye times corruptyng the army and so put away Thus Brutus to his former army had syxe Legions and praysing the Macedonians he gathered of them two legions more whome he exercised after the Italian manner These thyngs were done in Siria and Macedonia In Italiâ— Caesar tooke it euill that Decimus was made Generall agaynste Antonie before him â–ª He hidde hys anger and desired that hée myghte make a Triumph for the feates hée hadde done and béeing reiected of the Senate for requiring greater thynges than belonged to hys age hée was afraide least if Antonie were ouerthrowen they woulde more despise him and therefore desired to haue conference with hym as Pansa counselled hym when hée dyed All the Souldioures and Captaynes of Antonies that he had taken hée vsed courteously and tooke them as hys owne and them that woulde he sente to Antonie as a signification that he was no enimie to hym To Ventidius that was friend to Antonie and hadde broughte thrée legions he drewe nygh wyth hys army and when he had made hym afrayde he did nothing to hym but graunted hym eyther to ioyne with hym or to goe to Antonie fréely with hys armie and to protest that for lacke of knowledge he had â—mitted the common profite When Ventidius heard thys he wente to Antonie In the meane tyme Octauius Caesar honoured Decius one of Antonies Captaynes whome hée hadde taken at Mutina He gaue hym leaue to goâ— to Antonie if he woulde and he demaunding of hys mynde towarde Antonie hée sayde he had shewed sufficiente and manye tokens to them that coulde percâ—yue and to them that woulde be ignorante more woulde not suffice Thus dyd Caesar signifye to Antonie To Leâ—idus and Asinius he more playnely signifyed of the despight against hym and of the myghtie preparation of the kyllers makyng them afrayde that to increase Pompeis faction all Caesars friendes one after another shoulde be serued as Antonie was whych he through ignoraunce and suspition of a feare did longer suffer He allowed well they shoulde obey the Senate for a fashion but for theyr owne suretie they shoulde agrée togyther whylest they myghte and that they shoulde héerein reprooue Antony and to vse the manner of the legionaries not to departe from them when the seruice was done nor to leaue the trade of warre and disseuer leaste thereby the Enimie myghte take some aduantage but rather togither inhabite others places thereto desirous for their power than seuerally euery man in his countrey consume his owne This did Caesar send to Lepidus and Asinius Deciâ—us armye olde and famished was full of sicknesse and loosenesse of bodye and the newe Souldioures were yet vnexercised â–ª but Plancus with his ordinarie armye drew nigh vnto him Decimus wrote to the Senate that Antonie shoulde be caught in his snares béeing tyred with things past Pâ—mpeys friends hearing of this did maruellously reioyce crying now to be time to restore their Countreys libertie Euerye man made sacrifices and elected tenne men to punishe Antonies power And this was a forme to abolish Caesars decrées whiche Antonie put in vre by his remembrances doing little or nothing of himselfe whiche thing the Senate well perceyuing did by occasion disanull some and so they hoped to dissolue all and the tenne men did commaund that whosoeuer hadde receyued anye thing by Antonies authoritie contrarye to the Senate they should restore it and declare it and to them that disobeyed a punishment was threatned Pompeys secte required the rule of Consuls in stead of Hirtius and Pansa for the rest of the yeare Caesar did the like not of the Senate but of Cicero priuately sendyng to him and exhorting him to be in office with him bycause he was more sage more experte and better acquainted with the office than he and that he only would thinke it a benefyte to beare the name that he might haue an honest pretence to leaue his armye for the which cause he had required a triumph Cicero héereby being blowen vp with ambition sayde he perceyued a conspiracie to be wrought by the Captayne 's abroade and therefore he thought good to pleasure this yong man béeyng not well intreated and Lorde of a greate armye and rather to graunte him an office in the Citie before his time than to force him to be in armes least he might do something that should not content the Senate and wished some of the wise antients might be appoynted as a maister of his yong yeares But the Senate laughed at Ciceros ambition and the kinsmen of the killers were against it â—earing that Caesar would accuse them when he should be Consull and for diuerse lawfull causes made delay in the election Antonie in this tyme passed the mountaines Hauing persuaded Culeo a Capitaine of Lepidus and keper of the passage to credite hym he drewe nighe the â—ioude where Lepidus was and lay without trenche or ditche bicause he would shew he was friend to him Diuerse messages were sent betwéene them Antony recording diuers friendshippes and pleasures affirmed that if he woulde not agrée all they of Caesars 〈◊〉 shoulde be broughte to the like calamitie Lepidus being afraide of the Senate that hadde commaunded hym to make warre vppon Antoâ—â— affyrmed yet that he 〈◊〉 it againste his will. Now Lepidus his army reuerâ—â—cing the dignitie of Antonie and perceiuing the messengers betwéene them and delighting in the quietnesse of his souldiours secretly firste mingled among theÌ„ after openly as with their fellow citizens and souldiors and when they were forbidden by the
of Caesars inheritaunce vnto hym Then he came into the Cittie as Consul and sacrifised And there appeared to him twelue Gripes as did to Romulus when he builded the Cittie The sacrifices being ended hée gaue himselfe in adoption to his father according to the lawe Curiate that is â–ª to be confirmed in adoption by the people For the Romaines call Curias companies or wardes of the people deuided as the Grecians do call Phratriae fellowshippes and Fraterâ—iâ—ies This vse among the Romaines was most effectuall in the lawe for them that be without fathers and they may as well as Legitimate children commaunde the kinsefolke and frée made men of them that doe adopte them And it was one of Caius Caesars glories that he had manye riche frée made men and chiefly for this cause peraduenture thys Caesar in his first adoption by testament had néede of this also He dissolued by a newe lawe that Dolobella shoulde not be iudged a rebell and that the lawe mighte procéede for Caesars killing wherefore accusations were written agaynste them by Caesars friends to them as strikers to the other as priuie only for thys was obiected againste some of them and to some bycause they woulde not be seene when Caesar was kylled And to all these a day certayne was assigned by Proclamation when they shoulde appeare to make their annswere all the whiche fayling at the day Caesar himselfe markyng the iudgementes none was parâ—â—â—ed of the faulte but one noble man who then had no hurte but shortly after was condemned to deathe wyth the other And at thys tyme Q. Gallius brother to Marius Gallius Antonyes friende béeyng a Pretor in the Citie dyd desire of Caesar the Lieutenantshippe of Libya whyche when he hadde obteyned he wroughte wyles agaynste Caesar The other Pretors depriued him of hys office and the people and the Senate condemned him to deathe Caesar commaunded hym to goe to hys brother that was wyth Antony and when he had taken Shyppe to goe he was neuer séene after When Caesar had done these greate things he enclined to pacification with Antony When he had hearde that Brutus â–ª hadde twenty LegioÌ„s against that which he would haue Antonyes help he wente out of the Citie towarde the Ionian Sea and makyng small iourneys be tarried to sée what the Senate would do Pedius when Caesar was gone perswaded that before grudge should growe to extremitie they woulde agrée Antony and Lepidus And although they perceyued that this agréement was not for theyr sake nor for their Countrey but onely to helpe Caesar agaynste Brutus and Cassius yet did they by necessitie determine it and reuoked the sharp decrées made against Antonie and Lepidus and all the Souldioures vnder them and to sende them other more fauourable for the whyche Caesar wrote his letters of congratulation vnto them and promised to helpe Antonie againste Decimus if néede were The Senate vsed lyke friendly manner reward him and gaue him their harty thaÌ„kes and Antonie wrote that he would plague Decimus for Caesar and Plâ—nâ—â—â— for himselfe and ioyne with Caesar Thus they wrote one to another Whilest Antonie pursued Decimus Asinius Pollio came vnto him with two Legions and practised to haue him pacifyed wyth Plancus and Plancus with thrée Legions agréed with Antony in so muche as nowe Antony hadde a most myghtie power Decimus hadde tenne Legions whereof foure moste warlike being féebled with hunger were yet vexed with sickenesse Of newe taken there was syxe Legions but vnexperte and fearefull Wherefore Decimus doubting to fyghte determined to flée to Brutus into Macedonia and not to passe by the Mountaynes but by Rauenna and Aquileia And bycause Caesar was comming that waye hée tooke a longer and an harder iourney to passe by Rene and goe to the wilde places of barbarous people where the newe Souldioures oppressed with wante and heate forsooke hym and wente to Caesar and after them the foure Legions of older Souldioures wente to Antony Then to the other multitude the Frenche Horsemen men béeyng the gard of hys person only except he gaue leaue if they woulde to goe euery man to hys owne and gaue them such golde as he hadde so as when he came to the Rene he had but thrée hundred where bycause the passage was hard they all forsooke hym saue a fewe whyche fewe also shortly dyd leaue hym and wyth tenne onely changing hys garmente lyke a French man whose language he coulde speake he wente forthe as one of that nation not with haâ—ty iourneys but easlie to Aquileia thynking with so fewe he myghte wel escape but béeyng taken of Théeues and bounde he asked what Prince was Lorde of that parte they sayde Camillus He muche estéemyng the name of Camillus desired he myght be broughte to hym who when he sawe hym in apparance spake fayre to hym and rebuked the takers that without regard hadde so euill entreated so noble a man but priuily he sent vnto Antony and Antony moued with the mutation coulde not abyde to sée him but willed Camillus to kyll hym and sende hym hys head whyche when he sawe he commaunded it to be buryed Thys ende hadde Decimus a Captayne of Caesars Horsemen â—na by hym made Ruler of olde France and for the yeare to come elected Consull and Gouernoure of the other Fraunce and was the seconde of the kyllers that nexte Trebonius was punished a yeare and a halfe after Caesars deathe And this verye tyme Minutius Basillâ—s one of Caesars quellers also was killed of hys owne seruauntes bycause he had made some of them Eunuches for punishmente ⸪ The ende of the thirde Booke of Ciuill dissentions ¶ The fourth Booke of Appiane of Alexandria of the Ciuill dissentions of Rome THus two of Caesars killers being ouerthrowen in their prouinces had their punishment Trebonius in Asia and Decimus in Celtica Nowe how Cassius and Brutus chiefe of the conspiracie against Caesar were plagued being Lordes of all the lande betwéene Syria and Macedonia hauing mighty power both by Sea and land with twenty armed legtons besyde Horsemen and Shyppes and money at wyll thys fourth Booke of Ciuill discorde shal declare And with the same the inquisitions and the searchers of them that were appoynted to dye by proscription and the lamentable afflictions on euerye syde suche as neyther among the Greeke seditions or tumultes nor among the Romaines themselues hadde bin done by any remembrance sauing onely of Sylla who was the fyrste that by Proclamation condemned hys foes to dye for Marius did onely séeke to punishe them whome he founde but Sylla with greate rewardes and lyke punishmentes of them that did conceale proscribed menne to be 〈◊〉 as they were caughte What Marius and Sylla dyd it is shewed before in that matter nowe the rest shall follow in order Caesâ—r and Antonie of enimies were made friendes aboute the Citie of Modene in a little playne Ilande of the floude Labâ—â—â—â— eache of
rouffes and chunmes or sat close with deepe silence vnder heapes of tyles some were as muche afrayde of their wiues or children that bare them no good will as they were of the killers some of their frée made me some of their bondmeÌ„ some creditours of their debtours some of their neyghbours coueting their groundes what souer had bin kept in before theÌ„ it burst forth a cruell and confused mutation of Senators of Consuls of Pretours of Tribunes of newe elect to those ostices or of them that had borne office It was to sée them fal at a slaues féete with teares namyng him sauiour and good maister and more pitifull it was that when they hadde done all this they could get no grace there was all shapes of miserie not as in sedition or sacking of a Cittie where men myghte feare their foes and enimies and trust their families but here they were more afrayde of them than of the killers The whiche beyng voyde of feare otherwise than in tumulte and warre they sodainelye of friendes were made enimies eyther for hydden hate or for the proclaymed rewards or for the gold and siluer in their houses for by thys occasion euerye man waxed extremely vnfaythful to his maister and their reward did ouerwhelme naturall dewty toward the same and he that was faythfull and wel willing was afrayde to help to hyde or conceale for the crueltie of the punishment The former feare of the seuentéene men did amaze them againe for then non being named but many sodaynly taken all were afrayde of the like and therefore sought togither for defence For vpon these proscriptions some were by and by giuen in pray to euery man and some being sure of themselues and desirous of the gaine hunted out the other to haue reward of the killers The reste of the common sorte some spoyled the houses of them that were killed which profit drew their minds from common féeling of present mischief some more temperate and mylde were astonished and amazed It séemed wonderful to them to consider that other â—â—ttâ—es being â—â—done by sâ—dâ—â—iâ—â— haue bin preserued againe by agreement Thiâ— Câ—â—tieâ—â— theâ—â—uision of the rulers hadde consumed and their agréement broughte it to desolation some dyed resisting the killers some withoute reuenge as not knowing by whome they were maimed There were some that killed themselues with voluntarie hunger some vsed halters some drowned their bodies some threwe themselues downe from the house toâ—â—â— some leapt into the fyre some offered themselues to the strykers some tarryed when they were called some hid and disgrated themselues vnséemelye some resisted the euill and thoughte to haue boughte it out some besyde the sentence of the thrée men of ignorance or deceit were dispatched as it did appeare by one that was slaine and not condemned when the head was shewen The condemned persons heads were brought before the seats in the common place that they that had brought them might receiue their goods On the other syde there was as much care and vertue bothe of women children brethren and seruauntes sauing and shifting for many and dying with them if they could not bring to passe what they ment and some killed that came to kill them Oh them that fledde some were drowned in the Sea Fortime being in all againste them some beyonde all hope retourned to offices in the Cittie to be Capitaines in warre and triumphes â–ª Suche demonstration made that season of things to be wondred at And these were done not in a priuate Citie nor in a weake and little kingdome but in the moste mightye and the Ladye of so manye nations bothe by lande and sea God himselfe did stirre it to bring it to that good order that nowe it is in There were suche thinges done of Sylla and before him of Marius the chiefe of the which I haue shewed in their liues and then men laye vnburyed But these doings for the worthynesse of these thrée men especiallye for the vertue and fortune of one of them whiche brought the Empire to a sure scate and left a stockâ— and name to them that now remaine after him a man may worthily think to be far of more importance which as they were more or lesse notable and be more fresh in memorie and lately done I wil declare yet not al for they be not worthy the telling â–ª that touche the simple death fléeing of them that were pardoned of the thrée men whiche after they retourned liued a life vnknowne but the moste maruellous that may make a manâ—frayd and cause credite to that is spoken before They bée manye and manye of the Romaines haue in many bookes written these of themselues of the which I wil shew briefely a fewe of the greateste in euerye sorte for the reliefe of the same and for the happynesse of the tyme that now is The euil began at the firste brunte â–ª of them that were yet in office And 〈◊〉 the Tribune was the firste that was kylled whose power was sacred and sure by lawe excéeding the reste so as the Tribunes haue committed some Consuls to prison This was the Tribune that fyrste forbadde that Antony shoulde be declared an ennimye after the whiche tyme hée stucke altogither to Cicero Understanding the intelligence of the thrée men and theyr approche to the Cittie hée made a feaste to his friendes as one that shoulde not ofte so doe againe The Souldioures running into the house they arose with feare and trouble The Capitaine of the bande commaunded them to be quiet and still but Saluius as he sate he tooke by the heare till he mighte dispatch hym and vppon the table cutte off hys heade and commaunded them within to make no businesse leaste if anye trouble were raysed they shoulde suffer the lyke and they béeyng astonished remained after the Captaine was gone til midnight with the Tribunes Coryse The seconde that was kylled was Minutius a Pretor setting in iudgement in the common place Understandyng that the Souldioures were commyng hée leapte downe and thinking where be mighte hide hymselfe hée chaunged hys garment and ranne into a shoppe sending awaye hys seruauntes and hys shewes of office They for reuerence and pitie tarying stil agaynst their wil made the killers the â—â—â—â—er to finde their mayster â–ª Annalis an other Pretor goyng about with his Sonne that labored to be a treasurer to few to them that gaue voyces hys friendes that were with hym and they that bare the maces of his office vnderstandyng he was condemned forsoke hym â–ª Hée fledde vnto a tenaunt of hys whiche had a straight and a homely house in the Suburbs for all purposes very fifte and was hid safe till hys Sonne that thought he was fled thyther brought the strykers to the house and was rewarded of the thrée menne with his Fathers goods and chosen a Chamberlayne of the Citie who beyng after very dronke and troubling the Souldiors the same killed him that dispatched his Father Choranius not
now a Pretor but one that had bene and father of a young man that was 〈…〉 and myght doe much with Antonie prayeâ— the strykers to spare his kyllyng a whyle till he might â—ende hys sonne to speake to Antony they laughed and sayd his sonne had spoken but it was to the contrarye When the olde man heard that he desired them tp 〈◊〉 til he had séeue his daughter whome when hée â—â—we hée commaunded to absteine from hys goodes leaste hir brother shouldâ— fewe for hâ—r death also to Antony But he hauyng consumed all his substaunce in euil life was attached of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 himselfe by fleyng away Cicero who after Calus Câ—sar did direct all like a ruler alone in a popular state was proscribed with his sonne his brother his 〈◊〉 his friends familiars and â—â—herents Fléeyng by bote â—e could not abyde y sicknesse of the sea but returned to a place of his owne whiche I for the remembraunce of hys misfortune did sée aboute Capuâ— a Cittie of Italy When they that came to seeke hym were at hande for of all other Antonie was moste desirous to haue hym â–ª and all aboute Antonie were ready to gette him the Crowes came vnto hys house and made suche a noyse as they waked him out of his sléepe and drew out his garment froÌ„ his body that lay vpon him â–ª til his seruants perceyuing the thyng and taking it to bee a token from God put Cicero in a litter and ledde him toward the Sea through a thicke wood and rode secreatly and where as many did run on euery side asking if they sawe Cicero some for good will and pittie saide he was gone and sailed ouer sea but a shomaker tenaunt to Clodie the sharpest enimie of Cicero tolde Laena the Captayn where he went with a fewe He ranne and seing his seruants to be manye moe than he had broughte with him and readye to defende him hée cried very loude for a pollicie make haste you bandeleaders that be behinde Then Ciceroes seruaunts thinking they should haue bin ouerlaide forsooke their maister Laena whiche by Ciceroes helpe had bin before saued pulled hys heade out of the Litter and cut it off hauing thrée strokes and making thrée woundes for lacke of cunning He cut off also his hande with the whiche he wrote the orations againste Antonie as a Tyranne in the whiche he followed Demosâ—â—eâ—es that did the like against Philippe Some rode some sailed to carry â–ª Antony the newes and Laena â–ª as he saâ—e in the common place tooke the heade and the hande and shewed it a farre off He was maruellous ioyful and crowned the Capitaine and gaue him honoure with great gifts that is to say two hundred and fiftie thousand 〈◊〉 of Athens bycause he had dispatched his greatest and busiest enimy Cicero his head and his hande was sette vppe for a tyme in the common place before the Tribunall where he was wonte to make orations and more came to sée it than before to heare him They say that Antony did sette Ciceroes head vppon his table at his meale till he had his fill of the sighte of that euill Thus Cicero a man moste eloquent to this daye hauing borne the office of a Consul in greatest causes most profytable to his countrey was thus destroied and after his death â–ª despighted â–ª Hys sonne was sent into Grecia to Brutus Quintus Ciceroes brother and his son béeing taken praied the strikers to kill him before his sonne but hys sonne desired the contrary Wherefore the souldioures promised bothe theyr requestes and takyng them asunder by a token killed them both at one instante Ignatius the father and the sonne fightyng togither dyed of one wounde and when their heades were striken off their bodies did yet embrace Balbus sent his sonne to the sea that they shoulde not be espied going togither and shortely after he followed aloofe and when one tolde him either of malice or of ignorance that his sonne was taken he went backe and sent for his killers and it chaunced that his son was drowned in the Sea. Such like calamitie can fortune giue Aruntius coulde hardelye perswade his sonne that would not flée without him to saue himselfe bycause he was but yong His mother sent him afore to the gates and then retourned to burye hir husbande being killed and when she hearde shortely after that hir sonne was deade on the sea with hunger shée killed hirselfe These be examples of good and euill children There were .ij. brethren condemned called Ligariâ— which béeing hidde fel asléepe til one of them being found of hys seruants was killed and the other making escape and hearing of hys brothers death threwe himselfe from the bridge into the riuer whome when fyshermen had saued as one that fell by chance and not of purpose he stroue a great while with them that they shoulde not saue him and threwe himselfe vnder the water but they being stronger than he bringing him vppe safe he saide you haue not saued me but put your selues in daunger of death with me that am a condemned man yet they hauing pittie of him saued hym til the souldiors that kepte the bridge saw it and ran down to cut off his heade Of two other brethren one threw himselfe into the riuer his seruaunt séekyng his body fiue dayes after whiche when he had founde and knewe it was he he cut off his head for the reward The other brother being hid in a sakes an other seruaunte did bewraye him The Souldioures refused to goe in but with their weapons and Speares pulled vp his body and cutte off hie head in suche case as it was Another vnderstanding that his brother was proscribed and not knowing that hymselfe was so to ranne and cryed kyll me before hym The Captayne knowyng the truth of the condemnation thou makest a resonable request quoth he for thou wast condenmed before hym and so in order kylled them both And these be examples of broethren Ligarius béeyng hydde of hys wyfe made one onely mayde priuie to it and béeyng betrayed of hir she followed him that bare away hir husbandes head crying I must haue the like punishmente bycause I haue hydde hym and when none of the Souldyoures woulde kyll hyr nor accuse hir the wente to bewray hir selfe to the princes and bycause they did not regarde hyr for pitie she destroyed hir selfe with hunger And hyr haue I thoughte good to note in thys place bycause being willing to saue hir husbande and coulde not she kylled hyr selfe with hunger but they that had good lucke for their good loue to theyr husbandes I wyll wrighte among them that saued theyr â–ª Husbandes Other there were that wickedly dyd betray theyr husbandes and of them one â–ª that was married to Septimius whyche was corrupted in loue of a friende of Antonyes who being desirous of hys harlot to be made his wife caused hym to speake to
both was honoured with the place of a Lieutenaunt And after them Caesar to cléere himself of Ciceros iniurie made him straight the Bishop and not long after Consul and President of Syria And wheÌ„ Caesar ouercame Antony at Actio he was yet Consul and Caesar wrote to him of it which Letters he readde to the people of Rome and sate in that seate of Justice where his fathers head was put Appius diuided his substance among his seruants and sayled with them into Sicelie They watching for his mony a storm rysing put him into a boate that they might sayle with the more safetie but it chaunced that he in the boate was saued beyonde all hope and they drowned with theyr shippe Publius a treasurer of Brutus and of the familie of Anteny was requested to forsake Brutus which bicause he would not do he was proscribed yet he returned and was a friende to Caesar and when Caesar came to him he woulde shewe him Brutus picture for the which he was praysed of Caesar These things beyonde hope happening to the proscribed men both in daunger and safetie many moe being omitted I thought chiefe to be declared When matters had thus passed in Rome all the places about for these troubles were ful of enimies great warres fell out In Libya of Cornificius against Sextius in Syria of Cassius against Dolobella in Sicilia of Pompey where great affliction was among the Citties for this captiuitie I will ouerpasse the lesse the greatest that appeared more worthie than the rest in Loadicea Tharsus Rhodes Patareans and Xantheans and euery of them which from the beginning in order I haue gathered to write were these The Romaines call that parte yet olde Libya which they wanne of the Carthaginenses that whiche King Iuba helde and was after gotten by Caesar they call Newe Libya and may bée of Numidia Sextius being president of New Libya vnder Caesar commaunded Cornificius to giue place in the olde as thoughe all Libya was Caesars by lot When the thrée men made their diuision he sayd he knew no suche diuision made of the thrée men among themselues nor woulde deliuer the Prouince which he had receiued of the Senate but onelye to them againe And for this cause they made war one against another Cornificius had an armye well appointed and great in number Sextius had lighte harnessed and fewer by the whiche comming abroade hée caused men to reuolte from Cornificius and gaue repulse to Ventidius a Captaine of Cornificius comming vpon him lustily and besieged him Laelius an other Captayne of Cornificius went abrode and wan Cirta and other places from Sextius and they al sent to Arabion the king and to them that were called Sittians to take part with them in the warre which were so called for thys cause Sittius in Rome not abiding sentence in his own quarrell fled and gathering an army came froÌ„ Italy and Spaine into Libya and tooke a part among the Libyan Kings that warred togither and with whom he ioyned and gotte the victorie he was called a Sittian bycause his army did very valiantly When Caius Caesar did persecute Pompeys friends he did fyghte for him in Libya and ouerthrewe Sabura Iubas Lieutenant a famous man For whiche cause Sittius was rewarded of Caesar with king Manasses land not al but the best part of it Manasses was this Arabions father and confederate with Iuba His lande Caesar gaue to Sittius and to Bocchus king of the Marusians one part whereof Sittius diuided for the people vnder him Arabion fledde into Iberia to Pompeis children and when Caius Caesar was killed he retourned againe to Libya and euer sending some of his Libyans to the yonger Pompey into Iberia and receyuing expert souldiours from thence he tooke hys lande from Bocchus and dispatched Sittius by craft and being still friend to the Pompeyans and perceyuing their fortune to be full of infelicitie without hope he agréede with Sittius and soone by hym was reconciled to Caesar The Sittians also for his fathers beneuolence wyth Caesar ioyned wyth hym Sestius being nowe emboldned came from the siege to the fight where Ventidius was slayne and the army fledde without a guyde whome he chased and killed and tooke many of them Laelius hearing of this leuied the siege at Cirta and wente to Cornificius Sestius being hauty with this feat went to Cornificius at Vtica and encamped against him hauing much people And Cornificius sending Laelius with horsmen to take a view Sestius sent Arabion with his horse against Laelius at the face he with horse better appointed came vpon him on the side and disordred hym so that Laelius thoughe not inferior yet fearing his retire shoulde haue bene shutte tooke an hill that was betwéene both where Arabion as hée was directed kylled manye and compassed the reste Cornificius séeing this came foorthe wyth hys whole power to helpe Laelius Sestius sette vpon him on the back with sodayne charge whome Cornificius endeuoured to repell with great trauaile Arabion in the meane time créeping with his meÌ„ through the stony places came secretly ouer mountaines vpon Cornificius campe Roscius that was kéeper of the campe being distressed offered hys throate to be cutte of a Page Cornificius wearie of the fyght went to Laelius to the mountaine not knowing what was doone at his Campe when Arabion â–ª horsemen came vpon him and killed him Laelius séeing al this vpon the hill kylled himselfe When the Captaines were deade the armies fled seuerally and suche of the proscribed men as were with Cornificius some fledde into Sicelie and some whither they could Sestius rewarded Arabion and the Sitâ—ians with goodly gifts and the Citties he pardoned to obey Caesar This was the ende of the warre in Libya betwixte Cornificius and Laelius very shorte if a man consider the feates doone wyth so great spéede With Brutus and Cassius in comparison to these little was done and that was this when Caius Caesar was killed the murderers tooke the Capitoll and when obiâ—uion of al thinges was decréed they came down The people at the funerall of Caesar being moued wyth pittie ranne aboute to séeke the quellers and they driuing them backe from the toppes of the houses went to the prouinces that Caesar had appointed Cassius and Brutus beyng yet Pretors in the Citie were assigned also of Caesar to prouinces Cassius to Siria and Brutus to Macedonia And bycause they coulde not goe to their prouinces before their time nor abide the hate of the Citie they wente away being yet in office and the Senate in consideration of them appointed them Purueioures for prouision that in that meane time they shoulde not be thought to flée away They beyng gone Syria Macedonia were apointed by decrée to Antony and Dolobella being then Consuls The Senate béeing very muche grieued gaue them in steade thereof Creta Cirene whiche they not regarding in shorte tyme gathered much money and men
was dead sente messengers to Caesar and Antony who were pardoned and diuided into their armies beyng aboute .xiiij. M. They yéelded also that kepte the â—ortes and Tentes all the whiche were gyuen to Caesars Antonies Souldiours to be spoyled Of the Noble men that were with Brutus some were slayne in the battayle some offered themselues fréely to the Generals some of purpose continued the fighte to be kylled as Lucius Cassius a brothers Sonne of Cassius and Cato his Sonne who falling many times among their enimies and being forsaken tooke of hys headpéece that he mighte be knowne or notably kylled or bothe Labeo knowne for his wisedome father of that Labeo that now is renouâ—â—ed for his knowledge in the lawes made a graue in his tente bigge inough for his body takyng order for al things with his seruaunts he signified to his wife and children what he would haue done and tooke the letters to his seruaunts to carry and taking him by the right hande whom he loued best and turnyng him as the Romane manner was made him frée and beyng turned he tooke him his sworde offred his throte so to him his Tent was his graue Rasâ—us the Thracian that brought many through the mountaynes desired a reward and had it to saue his brother Rasâ—â—polis whereby it may be perceyued that at the beginning these Thracians were not at variance But bicause two great armies at debate shoulde passe their countries they diuided the certâ—â—iâ—â— of fortune that he that wanne might saue hym that loâ—t Portia 〈…〉 his wife sister to Caâ—â— the yonger when she heard that they â—â—th were read being diligently kept of his seruants tooke the fire from the harâ—â— and swalowed the coles The other noble men fledde to Thaso some sayled awaye some gaue themselues with the rest of the army â–ª to Mâ—ssâ—â—â— Cor 〈…〉 and Lucro â—ibulo men of like aucthoritie that they mighte take counsell for themselues to doe for all the rest Many gaue themselues to Antony as he sayled towarde â—hase and all the mony armoure and plenty of victual and any other preparation whiche was great Thus Caesar and Antony by singular boldenesse gotte suche a iorney at two fight â—a foote as none had done before them for no suche nor so great an army of Romaines euer came to handes before not gathered of common Citizens but of the beste Gentlemen not ignorant of fighting but long practised of thâ—selues not of straunge or barbarous nation but of all one language and one arte of war of one strength and exercise hard to be matched therefore among themselues none euer vsed more boldenesse or fiercenesse in fight a token of that the number of deade men being equall in bothe fights and no fewer of theirs that did ouercome Caesars and Antonies souldiours did fulfill their Captaines will in one day and one worke chaunging extreame danger of famine and feare of death into victuall abundant into safety stable into victory notable It followed of that fight that the wise Romaines did prophesie For the common wealth was chieflie iudged by that feate and was lyke to haue come to the populare state agayne And there was no acte of anye suche troubles among themselues but in the variaunce betweene Caesar and Antony whiche was the laste among the Romains The things that in the meane tyme were done vnder Pompey after Brutus by them that of Cassius and Brutus friends fledde hither and thither retaining the renmaunt of so great preparation neither were they done with such boldnesse nor with such forces of men of Cities or of Captaynes in their prouinces for they had no nobilitie no Senate nor no glory as Brutus and Cassius had The ende of the fourth booke of Ciuill Dissentions ¶ The fift Booke of Appian of Alexandria of the Ciuill Dissentions of the Romaines AFter the deathe of Brutus and Cassius Octauian went into Italy and Antonie into Aegipt where Cleopatra méetyng with him ouercame him at the firste sight The which loue brought them to destruction and Aegipt to vtter ruine Wherof Egipt also shal be a part of this volume but not so great as it can giue it the title bicause many of the ciuill battailes are intermedled with it For after Cassius and Brutus there were lyke Ciuill Dissentions but wythoute a Generall that commaunded all as they did but some leading armies here and some there till Sextus Pompey the seconde son of Pompey the Greate being lefte of that faction was sette vp of Brutus friends Lepidus being nowe putte from his dignitie al the authoritie rested in Antony and Octauian the whiche things fell out after this sorte Cassius surnamed of Parma when Brutus and Cassius wente to battaile was lefte of them in Asia with an army and a nauy to gather mony When Cassius was deade he hauing no such hope in Brutus tooke thirtie of the Rhodian ships which he thought to be sufficient and burned the rest the holy ones only excepted that they should not rebel and with these and his own shippes he departed Clodius being sent thither of Brutus with thirtene shippes and fynding the Rhodians reuolted for now Brutus was also deade tooke away the garrison of thrée thousande souldiors and sayled to this Cassius â—orulus did ioyne with them hauing many other shippes and mony which he had gathered at Rhodes before they reuolted To this nauy as to a thing of power resorted all they that had offices in Asia and made legions and souldiours for the sea as wel as they could of seruants and people of the couÌ„tries Ilands There came to them Cicero that was son to Tullius Cicero and diuerse noble Citizens that were sled from Thaso and by and by there was a great army with a sufficieÌ„t nauy of good Captaines taking with them Lepidus also with an other band whiche he kept for Brutus at Creta And with these forces they sailed to Murcus and Oenobarbus into the gulfe of Ionia where diuiding themselues part went into Sicelie to Sextus Pompey and part remained with Oenobarbus for priuate faction and thus of the remnants of Brutus and Cassius a newe armye was made Octauian and Antonie sacrificed for the victorie at Philippi and gaue thankes to their souldiors And to performe their promise Octauian went into Italy to distribute lande to the souldiors which he did choose for his health And Antony weÌ„t among the nations beyond the seas and gathered mony for hie souldiours and diuided betwene them the lands y Lepidus had FraÌ„ce beyonde the Alpes Octauian woulde haue free according to the determination of the decrée of his vncle Caesar Lepidus was accused to fauour Pompeys part which if it were founde false Octauian determined to giue hym other Prouinces They licenced the old souldiors except eight thousand which desiring to serue still they diuided betwéene theÌ„ of them apointed bandes for their bodies To
very déede it was to enrich his horsemen And when the Palmirians had vnderstanding of it they conueyed away their goods and garded them with Archers wherin they excelled The horsemen finding the Citie voyde went away emptie and vnhurtfull Of thys occasion the warres of Parthia séemed to ryse many of the tyrannes of the countreye of Syria resorting to them For this countrey till Antiochus the good and his sonne was vnder Kings successoures of Seleucus but being brought into the forme of a prouince they had Scaurus their President â–ª to whome the Senate sent other successours and among them Gabiâ—â—â—s which made warre vpon the Alexandrians Crassus succéeded Gabinius which was after slayne of the Parthians But after the death of Caesar and sedition rysing euery City was holden by an vsurper the Partheans helping them And nowe hadde they entred Syria Crassus being deade one alluring another from whence Antonie droue them away and made them flée to the Parthians Which being done he put tributes vpon the people and did not pacifie the prouince after the commotion of the Palmirians but diuided his armye into wintering places He went to Cleopatra into Egipt of whome being princely receyued he taried the Winter with hir lyke a priuate man in an other mans kingdome eyther to shewe that the rule perteyned not to him or to be the more fitte to frequent the feastful dayes of the Winter And leauing all cares of a Captaine he put on a Greekes robe and such a garment as the Athenteâ—ses and Egiptians Priestes do vse And he resorted onely to temples scooâ—es and assemblies of Philosophers keping company with the Grecians that obeyed Cleopatra for whose cause hée had as hée sayde made that voyage Caesar Octauian in the meane time fell sicke in his iourney to Rome and verie dangerously at Brundusiâ— where it was sayd he was deade Being recouered he entred the Citie and deliuered Antonies letters to his Captaines who strayght commaunded Calenus to deliuer two legions to Octauian and wrote into Africa to Sextius to deliuer that prouince both the which were done Then dyscharging Lepidus of his suspition he committed Africa to his gouernement and solde such goods of the condemned men as were not yet bought Going about to place his Souldiors in their dwellings and to diuide their landes he founde greate troubles For the Soldiors required euery best Citie in Italie as they were chosen before the warre Contrary those Cities required that all Italy might be contributarie to this diuision or the places of dwelling might be apointed by lot The soldiors also required the valewe of the lands bycause there was no coÌ„mon pay Both olde and yong women and children assembled togither in the Temples and publique places lamenting and complayning that they being natiue of Italy should be putte from theyr houses and landes as prisoners in the warre The people wepte for these miseries and moste of all when they remembred that it was not done for the common wealth but for the priuate lust of a fewe the whiche had ouerthrowne the common weale and now gaue their Soldiours rewardes that they by that gifte should be ready to serue their turnes and stil kâ—epe downe the common state Caesar appeased the Cities and shewed the cause of necessitie and that all was not sufficient And hée sayth truth for the neyghbours were oppressed of the soldiours goyng beyond their boundes catching more than was giuen them taking euer the best Neyther were they frayed by Caesars rebukes nor coÌ„tented with new gifts for they did now litle force of the princes who had néede of their helpe to hold vp their ambition For now the ende of the fiue yeares approched euery one had néede of seuerall helpe to maintayne his Lordship The Soldiours had néede of them to kéepe stil that which was giuen them they had néede of the Souldiours fauour to confirme their rule Caesar also comforted the néedy Soldiours with other gifts borowyng money of Temples wherby he wonne their hartes they beyng thankefull to him as of whome they had receyued their landes and goodes and they that were spoyled crying out vpon him whiche he suffred for the Soldiours sakes Lucius brother to Antonie beyng Consull and his wife Fuluia and Manius that had the ouersight of his things in his absence that this benefite might not séene to be onely of Octauian nor he haue only the thanke and the other generall be defrauded of the fauour of the Soldiours vsed subtill meanes that the placyng of the inhabitauntes might be deferred till Antonies commyng Whiche when it séemed vnpossible for the haste of the Souldiours they desired of Octauian that they mighte place Antonies Souldiours although by agréement it was graunted to Caesar Octauian by Antonie â–ª whiche they denied to be true Therefore bryngyng Fâ—â—luia with Antonies litle children to the campe they besought them instantly not to suffer Antonie to be defrauded of his thankes and renowne that he had gotten Antonies name was then very glorious among the Soldiours and others for the victory at Philippi was attributed to Antonie onely bycause of Caesars sicknesse Though Octauian sawe that couenaunt was broken yette for Antonies sake hée was content to gyue place So Antonies legions were placed wyth very much licence that they shoulde not seeme to bée inferiour to the benefite of Caesar There were other Cities neare to these whose lands were deuided to the Souldiours whiche suffered many iniuries of the Souldiours the Citizens crying to Octauian that diuision of landes was nowe more cruell than proscriptions of lyfe For then enimies were punished now innocentes are plagued Caesar did well perceyue the iniurie but coulde not remedie it For neyther had hée money wherewith to pay the possessours of the lande neyther could the rewardes of victory be deferred for the warres that myght ensue Pompey beyng Lorde of the Sea who caused famine in the Cittie all victuall beyng kepte away Aenobarbus and Murcus hauyng an other army and gatheryng an other nauie and the Souldiours the more vnwillyng excepte they haue promyse kepte and the space of fiue yeares was almoste come so as they muste haue néede of Souldiours and therefore bare with their insolencie In so muche as in the Theatre a common Souldiour wantyng a proper seate wente and satte in the place of a Gentleman The people noted it and Caesar raysed hym The Souldiours were angry at it and when Caesar came from the passe tyme they compassed him and requyred their felow Souldiour whome they thought to be destroyed But when hée came they sayde he came out of pryson whiche bycause hée denied they sayde hée was hyred so to say and was a Traytour to hys company This rudenesse was vsed in the Theatre Beyng called to the diuision into the campe of Mars and comming to it by night they were angry that Caesar tarried so long Nonius a Capitayne rebuked them and tolde them
their dutie and put the cause vpon Caesars sickenesse They called him flatterer and threwe stones vppon him and droue him to take a water out of the whiche they tooke hym vp dead and layde hym in the waye â–ª where Caesar shoulde passe who was monished by hys fréendes not to truste theyr rage but hée to aâ—oyde furder inconuenience by hys absence wente on and when hée sawe the dead body of Nonius he went aside And when the fault was layde vpon a fewe hée willed them hereafter one to spare another and so gaue them giftes and distribution of lands and rewarded some beyonde their owne expectation Which constancie of hym they so lyked as they requyred that the kyllers of Nonius myghte bée punyshed Hée sayde hee knewe them well inough and was satisfied wyth their confession and conscience and the reste hee forgaue By the whyche mercy and liberalitie beyng prouoked they made greate shoutes of hys felicitie These twoo contempts of the Souldiours among many other may suffice to be shewed The cause of thys were they that without lawfull authoritie as happeth in ciuill warres takyng vppon them to bée Capitaynes led these Souldiours not to serue their countrey but themselues not agaynst enimies but agaynst Citizens This destroyed the discipline of the Romanes warre The Souldiour rather desirous to serue for pryuate affection and the Capytaynes to abuse them for priuate commoditie Not onely a Souldiour but whole armies were to bée bought for money And it was offence to fauour the good and prayse to aduaunce the euill So as for lighte causes whole armies would go from a good and lawfull leader to a lewde and vsurpyng Captayne lyke agréeyng with lyke the Souldiours tooke them for enimies were they neuer so honest that their Capitaynes hated And the Capitaynes to haue Souldiours at hande suffred them to committe things abhominable without al reuerence of lawe and iustice So nowe all discipline beyng corrupted they were compted best that could rayse moste sedition The Citie in the meane time was in great penurie their prouision of corne beyng stopped by Pompey In Italie tillage beyng almost leâ—te for the continuaunce of warre and that that there was being consumed of the Soldiours and in the Citie théeues and murderers by night were vnpunished for what soeuer was done was imputed to the Souldiour The commons shutte vp theyr shoppes and were withoute officers whiche woulde not serue where thefte was suffred But Lucius beyng well affected to the common wealth and gréeued with the power of the thrée Princes continuyng longer than the time appoynted contended with Caesar â–ª for he onely promised helpe to the olde possessioners making supplication to all the officers they promised their seruice to him Wherby bothe Antonies Soldiours and Caesar himself accused him as an enimy to him and Fuluia also as stirrers of warre out of time But a deuise of Manius preuayled which persuaded Fuluia that if Italie were in quiet Antony woulde remayne with Cleopatra in Aegipt but if warres were styrred hée woulde come quickly Then Fuluia of a womannishe passion incensed Lucius when Caesar wente to place the newe inhabitancies Antonies chyldren and Lucius wente with them that Caesar shoulde not haue the whole thankes by goyng alone Caesars horsemenne scoured the coaste towarde Sicelie that Pompey shoulde not spoyle it Lucius eyther afrayde in déede or fayning to bée afrayde that these horsemen were sente agaynst him and Antonies children wente in haste to the inhabitauncies of Antonie to gette a garde about him accusing Caesar as vnfaithfull to Antony But he answered that he kept faith friendship with Antonie that Lucius sought to moue warre for y he was offended with the rule of theÌ„ thrée by the which the newe inhabitants might take full possession that the horsemen were yet in the coast did their duties WheÌ„ Antonies Soldiours vnderstoode this they made a méeting with him at Theano and were reconciled to him with these conditions That he shuld deuide no laÌ„ds but to such as serued at Philippi That the money of the condemned men their landes should be equally diuided among Antonies Souldiours That hereafter one alone should not leuy men That two legioÌ„s of Antonies should serue Caesar against PoÌ„pey That the Alpes towarde Spaine shoulde be open to them that Caesar sent and not be shutte by Asinius That Lucius should put away his garde and exercise his office with quietnesse These were the couenants whereof onely the two last were kepte And Saluidienus passed the Alpes spyte of them that kepte them the rest were defeated Wherfore Lucius went to Preneste affirmyng he was afrayde of Caesar hauyng a garde aboute him and he none Fuluia also went to Lepidus saying she was afrayde of hir children for she trusted him better than Caesar And they bothe wrote to Antonie certaine fréendes carying their letters that might certifie him of all thyngs the copies whereof I haue long sought and can not finde Then the chiefe of the armies agréed to take vp thys matter and affirmed they woulde compell hym that were vnwillyng They sente for Lucius friendes to come to them whiche they denying to doe Caesar accused them as well to the chiefe of the armies as to the officers of the Cities Then great resorte was made to Lucius out of the Citie beséechyng him to haue compassion of afflicted Italie and take some man that eyther with him or with the Capitaynes might make an ende of the matter And where as Lucius had regarde both of them that spake and also of the thyngs spoken Manius answeared sharpely That Antonie onely gathered money of strange nations but Caesar did gette mens loue by preuention of the armies and fitte places of Italy For by fraude he had gotten Fraunce which was Antonies prouince and for xviij cities that should be giuen to the Soldiours he ransacked almoste all Italy And also gaue money to foure and thirty legions not onely to eight and twentie that fought in hys quarrell and that he had spoyled Temples in pretence of warre agaynst Pompey whiche was not yet begon for all the greate dearth in the Citie but in déede to winne the fauour of the Souldiours agaynst Antonie in so muche as the goodes of the attaynted are not solde before they be giuen to theÌ„ but if he séeketh peace in good fayth he must make accomptof things he hath done and hereafter do nothing but by consent of bothe This was the bolde answeare of Manius that neyther Caesar shoulde doe any thing alone nor the couenaunts betwéene him and Antonie remayne firme that is that either of them should haue full authoritie in their prouinces and each confirme others actes Caesar séeyng that they soughte warre prepared hymselfe for it but the two legioÌ„s that wer placed about of Ancona and first serued his father and after Antony for the loue they bare to them both sente Ambassadors
in Rome when y killers of Caesar were cryed he thoughte good they shoulde be punished and the Citie purged He mynded to haue gyuen the Citie in spoyle to the Souldyoures but one Sextius a madde fellowe surnamed Macedonian bycause he hadde serued in Macedonia sette hys owne house on fyre and threwe himselfe into it and the wynde béeyng great blew the fyre ouer all the Citie and burned it the temple of Vulcene only excepted Thys was the ende of Perugia an auntient and goodly Citie for they say it was one of the twelue Cities which the Hetrurians buylded after their firste comming into Italy Wherefore after the Tuscane fashion they honor Iuno And after that they that followed chose Vulcane in stead of Iuno for their patrone The next day Caesar made truce with all the armyes yet some tumultes continued betwéene them til Canutius and Flauius Clodius Bithinicus and diuers other were slayne who were deadly enimies of Caesar This ende had the séege of Perugia and the warre that Lucius made which certaynely was very daungerous and like to haue continued long For Asinius Plancus Ventidius Crassus Attieus and others of this faction hadde an army diuided into thirtéene partes with sixe thousande Horsemen and aboue All the which scattered some to Brundusio some to Rauenna and some to Tarento Some wente to Murco some to Aenobarbo and some to Antony himselfe Caesars bandes chaced them by land and Agrippa gote two legions from Plancus which were left at Camerina Fuluia with hir children fledde to Putzolo and from thence to Brundusio with thrée thousand horse which the Captayne 's appoynted for hir conduit At Brunduse she tooke Shippe with fiue Gallyes that were sente from Macedonia and Plancus went with hir who for cowardise had forsaken the rest of his army whiche serued Ventidius Asinius entised Aenobarbus to Antonyes side whereof they both wrote letters vnto him and prepared for him agaynste his comming into Italy There were other bandes of Antonyes vnder the Alpes wherof Calenus was Captayne Caesar intended to winne them to him bycause he had Antony now in suspition that if he were his friend he would kéepe them for him if he proued his enimie he would serue himselfe and whylest he soughte a good occasion Calenus dyed Caesar tooke the aduantage and had the army for Fusius Calenus sonne deliuered all for feare Thus Caesar without any businesse gote eleuen legions and most ample prouinces from the whiche he remoued the old officers and placed his owne and went to Rome Antony kepte the messengers that were sent from the inhabitancies eyther bycause of y winter or bycause he would not haue them report his doings At the beginning of the Spring he wente from Alexandria came to Tirus and from thence by Cipres and Rhodes into Asia where he heard of the séege of Perugia for the whiche he blamed his brother and his wife and most of all Manius He founde hys wife at Athens that was fledde from Brunduse His mother Iulia Pompey had sente out of Sicelie whither she fledde in company of Libone his father in law Saturninus and others of the best sorte that he had the which assayed to allure Antony to Pompeys parte against Caesar Antony thanked Pompey for sending him hys mother the which he would requite in time conueniente and if hée did make warre againste Caesar he woulde vse his societie but if Caesar and he continued in agréement he woulde reconcile him to Câ—sar And this was Antonyes aunswere Caesar béeyng come to Rome vnderstoode that some were gone to Athens but what answere they had of Antony he could not tell Then he soughte to discredite Antony with the souldyoures as he that would ioyne with Pompey to put them from their possessions and that manye were fledde to Pompey but for all that he coulde not winne the Souldyoures from Antony so greate was the glory that he had gote at Philippi Caesar thought himselfe good ynough for Antony Pompey by laÌ„o for he had aboue 40. legions but he had no ships they had more than 500. with the which if they woulde beset the coast of Italy they might soone oppresse it with famine Therfore of many maydens y were offered him in marriage he thought to make his best match he wrote to Maecenas that he shuld coÌ„tract him to Scribonia sister to Libo father in law to Pompey y he might haue a pretence to agrée with Pompey if néede were This done he remoued diuers of Antenyes friends from their authoritie sent Lepidus into Affrica with sixe legions of Antonyes Then hée called to him Lucius and praised him as kind to his brother that he woulde take his faulte vppon himselfe but he coulde not but thinke vnkindnesse in him that after so great benefite shewed to him he would not playnely tell his brothers conspiracie To thys Lucius aunswered I knewe my sister in lawes ambitious desire to rule but I tooke the commoditie of my brothers armye to take the rule from you all and if my brother woulde come nowe to abolishe youre Monarchie I woulde take hys parte alwayes agaynste thée for my Countreys sake although priuately I am most beholden vnto thée But if hée will séeke companions of hys tyrannie I will take thy parte against him so thou wilte destroy the Monarchie for the affection to my Countrey shall alwayes preuayle more with me than fauoure or kindred Caesar maruelling at the constancie of Lucius saide he woulde not vse hym against hys brother though he would followe him yet he woulde committe to him the prouince of Spayne and appoynt Peduceus and Luceius his Lieutenantes Thus in shewe of honor he sente away Lucius yet secretely commaunded he should be priuily watched Antony leauing his wife sicke at Scicyone tooke the Sea wyth no great army with a Nauie of two hundred Shippes whyche he had made in Asia WheÌ„ he vnderstoode that Aenobarbus came to méete him with a great army who was suspected not to be trusted of his worde for he was one of the condemned men of conspiracie againste Caesar and in battel at Philippi fought against Caesar and Antony yet he went toward him with fiue good Shippes that he myghte séeme to trust him willing the rest to followe after Aenobarbus wheÌ„ he had sight of him came forward with al his Nauie Then was Plancus afrayde and wished him to stay and firste to trye what he meante bycause he was to be doubted Antony aunswered he had rather dye being deceyued by trust than be thoughte to flée for feare Being come néere both the Admirals were knowen by their flagges and sayled one to the other The Herald of Antony standing in the forepart eyther ignorante that he was not a sure friend or of a boldnesse of minde that the inferioure should stoupe to the superioure commaunded the other to strike saile whiche
they did and drewe to the side of Antonyes Shippe where they saluted and embraced one another and the armye of Aenobarbus receyued Antony for theyr Generall yet was Plancus scarsly assured And Antonie tooke Aenobarbus into his owne ship and sayled to Poloenta where Aenobarbus had his footemen And there Aenobarbus gaue place to Antonie in the Generals tent From thence they sayled to Brunduse where was fiue bandes of Casars in garrison The Brundusians shut the gates to Aenobarbus as an auncient enimie and to Antonie as one that brought an enâ—nie Antonie tooke this pretence to be done by Caesars commaundement and therefore fortified the narrow parte of earth that ioyned to the Citie with ditche and trenche For this citie is almoste an Iland in a porte lyke a crescent whiche by lande could not be come vnto when this cliffe was cutte from it and the place fortified Antonie also did beset the hauen which is very great and all the Ilandes in it with many Castels that hée made He sent also into sundry coastes of Italy to take the fitte places and exhorted Pompey also that hée should inuade Italie as much as he coulde He gladly sent Menodorus with a great army .iiij. legions to gette Corsica which was Caesars where he tooke two legions beyng amased at this attonement with Antonie Antonies Captaynes tooke Sigunto a citie in Ausonia Pompey befleged Thurij and Cossentia placed his horsemen in their fieldes Caesar troubled in so many places at once sent Agrippa to releue Ausoniae He commaunded the Souldiours that were placed to serue but they vnderstandyng that it was done by Antonies coÌ„sent denied whiche troubled Caesar moste of all Yet he wente to Brunduse with an other army and by fayre wordes made the soldiours to go with him the whiche practised by secrete meanes to reconcile Caesar and Antonie And if Antonie woulde not they woulde sticke to Caesar who was now sicke at Canusio and had a greater armie than Antonie When he was come to Brunduse sawe how Antonie had cut off the lande from the Towne hée lay and wayted his aduersaries dayngs Antonie was stronger in munitions by the meane whereof he sente for his armie out of Macedonie and vsed this policie to put country men by nighte into his shippes bothe Galleys and other and to make a shewe of a great army to come from Macedonia and so began to beate Brunduse whereof Caesar was sory for he coulde not helpe it At that euening it was tolde that Agrippa had recouered Siguntum and that Pompey was repulsed from Thurio and that Cossence was still beséeged whereat Antony was sory And hearing that Seruilius was comming to Caesar with one thousande and two huÌ„dreth horse he could not stay but straight froÌ„ supper with greate rage tooke his fréendes and .iiij. C. horse and valiantly gaue the onset vpon a M. and v. C. and tooke them sléepyng at Vria and brought to Brunduse So great a fame was still of him for the victory hée gotte at Philippi The garde of his person would come to Caesars campe and vpbrayde them their vnkindnesse to hym that saued them at Philippi Who answeared that they did but defende themselues Then they obiected one agaynst an other The one that they were excluded from Brundusio and that the armie of Calenus was taken from them The other that Brunduse was besieged and that the coast was inuaded and aliance made with Aenobarbus a killer of Caesar and with Pompey a chief enimie At length Caesars men opened their minde to Antonies that they felowed Caesar not forgettyng Antonie beyng desirous that they might be reconciled But it Antonie would not relent they woulde do their vttermost And this talke had they in Antonies campe Whyles this was a doyng newes came that Antonies wyfe was dead who coulde not beare hys vnkyndnesse leauyng hir sicke not bidding hyr farewell Hir death was thought very coÌ„modious for them both For Fuluis was an vnquiet woman for ielousie of Cleopatra raysed suche a mortall warre Yet the matter vexed Antony bicause he was â—uÌ„pted the occasion of hir death L. Cocceius was fréend to theÌ„ both He the Sommer before was sente of Caesar with Cecinna to Antonie into Asia and Antonie sente Cecinna home kept Cocceius still He séekyng occasioÌ„ to trie Antonie told him Caesar had seÌ„t for him desired he might departe asked whether hée woulde wryte to Caesar or no Antonie was content hée should departe But as for wrytyng sayde hée what shoulde we wryte but tauntes one to an other seyng wée are nowe enimies And I wrote to hym by Cecinna the copie whereof you shall haue if you wyll I brought you letters from hym sayde Cocceius and enimie you can not take hym that vsed your brother Lucius and your other fréendes so well Why quoth Antonie hée shutteth me out of Brunduse and hath taken myne armie and prouince that Calenus kepte And where hée is good to my fréendes hée hath made them by hys benefites mine enimies Then Cocceius not mindyng furder to stirre so angry a man departed And when Caesar saw hym marueling he had tarried so long sayde â–ª I haue not saued your brother that you should become mine enimie how cal you sayd he your freÌ„ds enimies take froÌ„ them their armies prouinces wherto Caesar sayd After the death of Calenus so great a charge ought not to be giuen to so yong a man as Calenus sonne Antonie being absent Lucius Asinius Aenobarbus in armes against me As for PlaÌ„cus legions I intercepted that they shoulde not go to Pompey as the horsemen did These things were tolde otherwise to Antonie sayde he yet he beléeued nothing till he was shutte from Brunduse I knewe not of it sayde Caesar neyther did I commaunde it the Brundusians the garrison that I left could not abide him when hée brought with him Aenobarbus a killed of Caesar and a proscribed maÌ„ who after the field at Philippi beséeâ—ged Brunduse and yet troubleth the coast of Italie burned my shippes spoyled the countrey You haue sayd he coÌ„sented one to the other to make alliance with whom ye wil. Neither haue Antonie ioyned with any manqueller more than you haue for regard of your father Aenobarbus is no man killer neyther any decrée of anger made against him neither was he priuie to that purpose And if he be thought vnworthy pardon bicause he was fréend to Brutus then must we sée whether al other be not in his case CoÌ„federacie is made with Pompey not to hurte you but if you make warre vpon Antonie to haue his societie if not to reconcile hym to you who is boyde of faulte but you are in the faulte For if warre had not bene made in Italie they durste neuer haue sente Embassages to Antonie Caesar replied and sayde that Fuluia Lucius and Manius began the warre in Italy And Pompey durst neuer before inuade the coast of
Italy but vpon the trust of Antonie Not only trusting vppon Antonie but sente of hym sayde Cocceius for I will not dissemble and he shall 〈◊〉 the reste of Italie being voyde of Nauie if you make not peace Caesar not vnwillyng to heare this diuise stayde a whyle Pompey shal be punished whelynow quoth he being already repulsed froÌ„ Thuriji Than Cocceius perceyuing all the controuersie tolde hym that Fului â–ª was dead for unkindnesse of Antonie and nowe that shée is gone there is no way but to vtter one an others gréefe without dissimulation Caesar beyng appeased by this talke receyued Cocceius who requested him to wryte somewhat to Antonie as the yonger to the elder He denied to wryte any thing to his enimie that woulde write nothing to him He also thought vnkindnesse in Antonies mother that beyng of his he use fledde out of Italie and would not séeke to hym of whome she might haue obtayned any thing as of hir Sonne and to hir â—ee was content to wryte When Cocceius came foorth many of the Capitaynes declared the mindes of the Souldiours that except they woulde be reconciled warre should be made Which hée tolde Antonie and wished him to couÌ„termaund Pompey from furder inuasion of Italie and to sende Aenobarbus away till they were agréed Iulia his mother ioyned with Cocceius and prayed hir sonne so to doe Antonie stoode in doubte for if the peace did not take he muste desire Pompeis helpe agayne the whiche woulde be a shame for hym but his mother putting him in comfort 〈◊〉 séeming to knowe more Antony gaue place and required Pompey to returne into Sicelie and he would kéepe promise with him and sent Aenobarbus with authoritie into Bythinia When y army heard this then chose messengers that mighte goe to eyther generall and cutting off 〈…〉 rehearsall of vnkindnesse paste to requyre theÌ„ to linke in 〈◊〉 For this purpose of Caesars parte there was chosen â–ª 〈◊〉 and for Antonie Pollio and Cocceius was ioyned to them aâ— a fréeâ—â—e to bothe And â–ª bycause Marcellus was dead that was husband to 〈◊〉 Caesars sister they required that shée might be made sure â–ª to Antony whiche beyng done all the army cried Happy â—aâ— it 〈◊〉 continuing their reioyce one whole day a night Then Caesar and Antonie once agayne deuided the whole 〈◊〉 Empire and made Câ—dropoli a Citie of Slauonia the 〈◊〉 of bothe their partes bycause it stoode in the ende of the Adriaâ—icall sea That Caesar should haue al 〈◊〉 and Ilandes westward euen to the mayne Sea. That Antonie shoulde haue the lyke Eastwarde euen to the floud Euphrates That Lepidus should haue Africa still as Caesar had appointed That Caesar should make warre vpoÌ„ Pompey vnlesse other order were taken That Antonie shoulde make warre vpon the Parthians to reuenge the iniurie done to Crassus That Aenobarbus should be receyued into societie with those conditions that he had of Antonie That it should be lawful for both to leuie men in Italie with like numbers of legions This peace was solemnelie ratified WhervpoÌ„ they sent away their friends about their affayres Antonie sent Ventidius into Asia to represse the Parthians yong Labienus who by the help of the Parthians made new commotioÌ„s in Syria as far as Ionia all the which be shewed in the Parthians warre Pompey by his Capitayne Menodorus repulsed Helenus Casars Lieftenant out of Sardinia Wherfore Caesar would not be reconciled with him They went to Rome togither and celebrated the mariage Where Antonie put Manius to death bycause hée stirred Fuluia to make warre He accused Saluidienus gouernour for Caesar of the armie at Rhâ—danus that hée woulde forsake hys mayster and cleaue to hym whereof he wrote letters to hym to Brunduse This was not lyked of all men declaryng vnconstant dealing in too much séeking of amitie Caesar called Saluidienus vnto him as about a matter of charges and to sende him againe to the army whom when he came he slew him with reproche and deliuered his army to Antonie as suspected In the meane time the cytie was oppressed with famine â–ª for neyther durst the Merchauntes bring any corne from the East bicause of Pompeis being in Sicelie nor from the Weast of Câ—â—sica Sardinia where Pompeis shippes also lay nor froÌ„ Africa where the nauies of the other conspiratours kepte their stations Being in this distresse they alleaged that the discorde of the rulers was the cause and therefore required that peace might be made with Pompey vnto the whiche when Caesar woulde not agrée Antonie thought warre was néedefull for necessitie and bycause money waÌ„ted a decrée was made by Antonies aduise that euery maister should pay the half of .xxv. drammes for euery slaue that he had whiche was determined to bene done in the war of Cassius that somewhat also shoulde be payde of euery mans heritage The people tore the decrée with great furie obiected the consuming of treasure publike the spoylyng of prouinces the sacking of Italie and all for priuate displeasure and yet all woulde not serue but muste nowe put newe impositions vpon them that haue nothing left They assembled and murmured coÌ„pelled theÌ„ that would not and with threatnings to spoyle and burne theyr houses gathered all the people Then Caesar with a fewe of his fréends and garde came to them to excuse themselues but they threw stones and droue him away which when Antonie heard he came to help him To him comming the holy way the people did nothing bycause he was willing to agrée with Pompey but prayde him to departe which when he would not do they threw stones at him Then he brought in his soldiours that were with out the walles not about him into the citie being diuided into market places and streates wounded set vpon the multitude killed theÌ„ in the streates as they came And they could not easily flée for the multitude nor breake through by runnyng so that many were hurte and killed crying and yellyng from their houses So Antonie hadde muche ado to escape and Caesar by him was euidently preserued and got away Thus did Antonie delyuer Caesar from present perill The bodies of the commons that were killed were caste into the riuer to auoyde the griefe of the sight which came not so to passe for the Soldiours fished for them as the streame carried them and tooke from them their apparell whiche grieued the beholders Thus this euill ended with enuie of the Princes and yet no remedie for the lacke of things whereat the people grutched and suffered Antonie wished Libo hys fréendes to call him out of Sicelie to congratulate for the alliance made and he would procure greater matter and saue him harmelesse They wrote letters to Libo and Pompey was content he should goe And when he was come to the I le called Pithecusa and now Aenaria the people assembled again and praied Caesar
to send him letters of safecoÌ„duâ—t to come to treat of peace which he did although against his wil. The people also coÌ„pelled Mutia mother to Pompey to go vnto him threatning els to burne hir help to make peace When Libo perceyued how the enimies were inclined he desired to speake with the Captaines that they might togither agrée in the couenants the which the people coÌ„pelled theÌ„ with much a do so Antonie Caesar went to Baia. All other persuaded Pompey earnestly to peace only Menodorus wrote froÌ„ Sardinia that he should make open warre or dryue off whyles the dearth continued that hée might make peace with the better coÌ„ditions had him take héede of Murcus who was a mouer for peace as one that sought to be in his authoritie Wherefore Pompey put away Murcus and vsed his counsell no more whome before hée honoured for his worthinesse and wisedome whereat Murcus tooke displeasure and wente to Siracuse and to suche as were sent after him to kéepe him spake openly agaynst Pompey wherewith he beyng angrie killed diuerse of the beste aboute Murcús and sent to kill him and to say that his slaues had done it whiche beyng done he hanged certayne of Murcus slaues as though they had done it The whiche craft was not hid nor the wickednesse that he did against Bythinius a noble man and a valiant warriour and constant to him from the beginnyng his friende in Spaine from whence he came willingly to serue him in Sicelie When he was dead other men tooke in hand to persuade him to peace accused Menodorus as desicous of his office by sea not so much caring for his master as for his owne power PoÌ„pey folowyng their couÌ„sell sayled to Aenaria with many chosen ships himself being in a gorgious galley with sixe ores on a seaâ—e so did passe Dicearchia proudly towarde the euening the enimies loking vpon him The next morning stakes were set in the sea bridges made into one of y which ioyning to the laÌ„d Caesar came with Antonie â–ª Pompey and Libo entred the other bridge in such distance y one could not heare an other vnlesse they spake alowd Pompey required societie of rule in place of Lepidus They onely grauÌ„ted his return to his countrie then al was dashed Till ofteÌ„ messages wer seÌ„t betwéen offring diuerse coÌ„ditioÌ„s on both sides Pompey required that such condemned men as were with him for Caesars death might be safe in exile that the other men of honour proscribed might be restored to their countrey and goodes The dearth continuing the people vrgyng peace it was graunted that they should recouer the fourth part of their goodes as redéeming it of the new possessioners and wrote of it to the coÌ„demned men thinkyng they would accept it which tooke the offer beyng now afrayde of Pompey for his wickednesse committed agaynst Murcus to whom they went moued him to agrée He tore his cloke as betrayed of them whom he had defended and oft called for Menodorus as one expert in matters of slate and onely constant in faith At length by the exhortatioÌ„ of Murcia his mother Iulia his wife they thrée met agayne vpon an old péere of the sea beyng wel garded where they coÌ„cluded with these coÌ„ditions That peace shoulde be bothe by sea and lande and the Merchantes haue frée course That Pompey should take his garrisons out of Italie receiue no more fugitiues nor kéepe no nauies in Italie That he should rule in Cicelie Cersica and Sardinia and those other I landes that now he had so long as the rule should be continued to Antonie and Caesar That he should send to the people of Rome the corne that now was due That he should also rule Pelopenesus besides the former Iles. That he should exercise the office of Consul in his absence by his fréende and be admitted to the colledge of the Bishops That the noble meÌ„ that were banished might returne home except them that were condemned by publique iudgement of Caesars death That they that were fled for feare should be restored to their goodes And they that were coÌ„demned only to the fourth parte That the slaues that had serued vnder Pompey shoulde be frée That the frée men shoulde haue the same stipendes that the old Soldiours of Antonie and Caesar had These were the conditions of peace whiche beyng written were sent to Rome to be kept of the holy Virgins Then they desired the one to banquet the other and the lotte fell first to Pompey who receiued them in his greate gally ioyned to the péere The next day Caesar and Antony feasted hym in their Tentes pitched on that péere that euery man might eate on the shore but peraduenture for their more safetie for the Shippes were at hand the gard in order and the guestes with their weapons vnder their clokes It is sayd that Menodorus when they banqueted in Pompeys Shippe sente one to Pompey to put him in remembrance that nowe was the time to reuenge his father and brothers death for he would sée that none should scape the Shippe and that he aunswered as became him then for his person and place Menodorus might haue done it without me it agréeth with Menodorus to be periured false but so may not Pompey In that supper Pompeys daughter wife to Libo was espoused to Marcellus Antonyes nephew sonne to Caesars sister The next day the Consuls were appoynted for foure yeares first Antony and Libo and that Antony mighte make a substitute next Caesar and Pompey then Aenobarbus and Sosius lastly Caesar and Antony thrice Consuls and as it was hoped to restore to the people the gouernement of the common wealth These things being concluded they departed Pompey with his Shippes to Sicelie and they by land to Rome At the newes of this peace the Citie and all Italy made great ioy by the which ciuill warre continuall musters insolencie of garrisons running away of slaues wasting of Countreys decay of tillage and aboue all most greate famine was taken away therefore sacrifices were made by the way to the Princes as to preseruers of the Countrey The Citie had receyued them with a goodly triumph hadde not they entred by nighte bycause they would not charge the Citizens Onely they were not partakers of the common ioy that had the possession of the banished mens goodes who should returne by the league and be their heauie enimies The banished men a fewe except that went againe with Pompey tooke leaue of him at Puzzolo and wente to the Citie where a new ioy was 〈…〉 de for the returne of so many noble men TheÌ„ Caesar went t 〈…〉 ifye France and Antonie to make war on y Parthians And y Senate hauing approued his actes as wel past as to come he sent his Captaynes abroade did what he would He appoynted also certaine kings only such as should pay a
by this victory shoulde not inuade who neyther attempted any thing by lande nor made an ende of them by sea but suffered them to gather togither as they could and with prosperous wind to gette to Vibone either bycause he thought theÌ„ afflicted ynough or could not vse the victory or as I sayd before slowe to inuade contente to defend Of Caesars Nauie scarcely the halfe was lefte and that sore brusede leauing some to ouersée them with sorowfull mind he went into Campania for neyther had he any other Shippes hauing neede of manye nor time to make them the dearth béeyng great and the people crying for peace and blaming that warre that was made against promise Néede also he hadde of money whereof was great want the people of Rome not to be moued to any payments But Octauius Caesar subtile for his owne commoditie sent Mecenas to Antony with instructions to call him to societie of warre which if he refused he would traÌ„sport his legioÌ„s into Sicelie and trie y matter by laÌ„d Being in these cares it was knowen that Antony woulde ioyne with him in warre and that Agrippa had a victory against the French Aquitanes His frieÌ„ds also some Cities promised him ships So he leauing his sadnes prepared a greater Nauie At y beginning of the Spring Antonie came froÌ„ Athens to Tarentum with iij. C. ships to ioyne with Caesar in warre according to his promise He changing his purpose tarried til his Nauie was furnished and when he was told that Antonyes Nauie was sufficiente he alleaged he had other lettes y it might appeare he had more quarrell against Antony or despised his help trusting in his owne Antony taking it gréeuously remained yet still and required him once againe For hauing much adoe to prepare money for the Parthian war nede of Italian souldioures he would haue chaÌ„ged ships for meÌ„ although by coÌ„position both of them might take vp meÌ„ in Italy but it was y harder for him to do bycause Italy was another maÌ„s prouince Wherefore Octauia went to hir brother to moue him therevnto He said Antony had forsaken him whereby he was like to haue bin lost in y sea of Sicelie She aunswered that matter was satisfyed by Macenas Then he saide Antony had sent Callias his late slaue to confederate with Lepidus against him She sayd he went to treate of mariage For Antony before he should go to the Parthians warre desired to bestow his daughter vpoÌ„ Lepidus sonne as he had promised When Octauia had affirmed this Antony sente Callias to Caesar to trie y truth by torture which he refused sente word to Antony to méete him betwéene Metapontus and Tarento Antony when he saw Caesar lept into a bote alone signifying y he trusted him Caesar seing y did the like either of theÌ„ made hast tâ— get grouÌ„d on y contrary side but Caesar was the quicker arriued on Antontes side and wente in charriot with Antonie to hys sister Octauia and lodged togither without garde The nexte day Antonie did the lyke by him Thus they were soone at debate for suspition soone agréed for necessitie Caesar deferred the warre agaynst Pompey till the next yeare Antonie could tarry no longer there for the Parthians warre so they made an exchange Antonie gaue Caesar a hundreth and twenty shippes for the whiche Caesar promysed him twentie thousande legions Soldiours Italians Octauia presented hir brother with ten shippes that bothe serued for burden and ores Caesar gaue Octauia one thousande choyse men for his garde as Antonie woulde take And bycause y time of thrée mens authoritie was expired by decrée of Senate they continued it for fiue yeare more of their owne authoritie neither lokyng for consent of Senate nor confirmation of people and so departed Antonie making haste into Syria leauyng Octauia with hir brother and hyr sonne Menodorus being a traytour by nature or fearing the threates of Antonie that sayde he was his slaue or not finding such rewarde as he looked for or being moued with the daylie rebukes of his olde felowes Pompeis late bonde men and after Menecrates death exhorting hym to returne as vnfaithfull to hys Master hauing assuraunce he fledde to Pompey with seuen shippes Whiche Caluisius the admirall did not perceyue wherefore Caesar put him from his office and placed Agrippa When his nauie was finished he did purge it after this sorte Alters stande at the sea side touched with the water They with their shippes stande aboute with greate silence The priestes in boates in the sea make the sacrifices and carie their purgations thrice about the nauie the Capitaynes goyng with them wishyng ano praying that all vnfortunate and vnfaythfull things might be remoued from it The bowels of the sacrifices beyng diuided they throwe parte in the sea and parte they burne on the Aâ—ters the people wishyng all good lucke It was determined that Caesar should inâ—â—de from Puteiâ—lâ— Lepidus from Africa and Taurus from 〈◊〉 â—nd so bâ—â—eâ—â—e Sicelie East Weast and South And a 〈…〉 was the tenth after the longest day of the yeare which the Romanes cal Calendes in the honour of old Caesar called Iulie whiche before was named Quintilis This day Caesar appointed bicause of the honour of his father whose felicitie was perpetuall Pompey placed Plennius at Lilibaeo against Lepidus with one legion and muche shotte The East and Weast parte of Sicelie he layde with garrisons chiefly the Iles of Lipara and Câ—ssyra least Lepidus should get the one and Caesar the other and be continuall annoyance to Sicelie He kepte the strength of his nauie at Messina to be ready at the euentes After the day was come they all tooke shippe in the mornyng Lepidus came out of Africa with a thousande shippes of burden lxx Galleys and. xy legions fiue thousande Numidian horse and other prouision Taurus from Tarent of Antonies a hundred and thirtie shippes brought onely a hundreth and two shippes the other were disfurnished by the pestileÌ„ce that was the winter passed Caesar departed froÌ„ Putzolo hauing first sacrificed to Neptune and the calme sea to fauour him against the killers of hys father Certen scoutes went afore to espiâ— the â—east Appius ledde the reregarde with a multitude of shippes The thirde day after they were entred a South winde arose and drowned many of Lepidus shippes yet he gotte to Sicelie and besieged Plennius in Lilibaeo and tooke many townes of that coaste Taurus when the winde turned returned to Tarent Appius saylyng by the poynt of Minerua had shippewracke by tempest parte were loste vpon the rockes parte in the shalowes and parte crushed one with an other Caesar so soone as the tempest rose wente to the porte of Velino safe except one Galley of sixe ores on a side After the South winde folowed a Southwest winde whiche so stirred that porte that the shippes could not go foorth
put them in daunger of choking with that which being yet troubled the soldiours were in desperatiō But Cornificius cōforted them tolde thē there was a well at hand so they put backe those rude people till they came to the well which they found possessed with other enimies of like sort Then they were vtterly out of hope For they saw an army cōming and could not tell whether it was fréend or foe but it was Zaronius whom when they that kept the well saw they fled fearing to be interclosed Whereat the weary soldiours made great ioy with shoutes cryes which Laronius answered They runne on heapes to the wel Their Captayne 's forbidding thé to drinke too hastily they that would not folow that coūsel died presently Thus beyonde all hope Cornificius broughte his army safe to Myla to Agrippa who had taken Tyndarida furnished wyth all things necessary and fitte for the warre by Sea whither Caesar sent both footemen and Horse He had in Sicelie one and twenty Legions twenty thousande horsemen and aboue fiue thousande light Horse Pompey held yet with garrisons Mylas Nauloco and Peloro and all the Sea coast who being afrayde of Agrippa kept continuall fyres to vse against the Ships He kept the mouthes of Taurominio and Myla and shutte the pathes of Mountaynes with walles He also molested Caesar beyōd Tyndarida who would not yet fight and supposing that Agrippa would arriue he went with speede to Peloro leauing the streightes of Myla whiche Caesar forthwith did take with a little towne called Dianio notable by the tale of the goodly Oxen which were taken away when Vlysses slept When the noyce of Agrippa his comming was ceassed and that Pompey heard the streightes of Myla were possessed hée called for Tifieno with his army Caesar going to encounter wyth him missed his way in the nighte in the hill of Myconio where he lay without a tent And whereas the rayne was very greate as is wont in Autumne he stoode all night vnder a French target the Souldyoures holding it ouer him The horrible and fearefull sounds of the hill Mongibello were heard and the flashing of fire was séene and y sauoure of y brimstone was felt in so much as the Germanes lept out for feare and thought it no tale that they had heard of that hyll After this he wasted the Countrey of Palesteno where he mette with Lepidus taking vp corne and they both layde séege to Messana Many skirmishes there were but no great battell Then Caesar sente Taurus to kéepe victuall from Pompey and take the Cities that remained for hym by the which difficultie being driuen to his tryal he determined to aduenture all at one fight And bycause he thoughte himselfe too weake by land he sent his Herald to require the fighte by Sea. And albeit Caesar had no good will to match by sea hauing hitherto had euill lucke yet thinking it dishonorable to refuse him he appoynted a day to the fighte with thrée hundred shippes on a side furnished with all weapons and defence that they coulde deuice Agrippa inuented a graple that is a raster of fiue cubites long layd ouer with yron hauing a cricle or ring in eyther ende and in the one a crooked hooke of yron and in the other many ropes which drew the hooke by gynnes when it was cast with a sling agaynst the enimies Shyppes When the day was come the first onset was of the small vessels not withoute escries throwing dartes and stones and shotte fyred as well by hand as by engine The ships rushed one against another some on the sides some on the sterne and other on the Poupe thereby the Souldyoures were shaken and the vessels broken Some vsed their shotte and dartes a farre off and there were little boates to take vp all that fell in the water The Souldyoures and the Marriners contended who should do best The exhorting of the Captaynes did good and the engines did help most of all the graple whiche reached the small Ships a farre off for the lightnesse and held them fast drawyng them by the ropes neyther coulde it be cutte off bycause it was couered with yron nor the ropes be touched bycause of theyr length Neyther was this engine knowen that they might haue armed their weapons with yron They rowed on the suddaine thrusting their Ships on the sterne to get aloose When the enimies did so then was the force of mē equal but when the graple came it was a thing by it selfe The Ships fought ioyned togither and leaping out of one into another and scarcely coulde the one be knowne from the other Their armour and weapōs was alike their shape was all one Their priuie token was vnderstood to both which was cause of muche deceyt and after of confusion for they distrusted their owne for feare to be deceyued and so did not know what they might do In the meane time the hurt was great the sea was full as well of men as of armoure and rumes of the broken and crushed vessels For after they came to fyghte at hande they threw no more fire Both the armyes of footemen stoode vppon the shore wyth doubtfull mynde whyther the victory woulde encline for in a multitude of syxe hundred Shyppes they coulde not discerne béeyng all alyke excepte it were the couloure of theyr toppes wherein they onely differed and onely they coniectured by the markes they hadde and by the noyses and voyces howe the matter went But when Agrippa vnderstoode that Pompey had the worse hée exhorted hys Souldyoures to stande to it that they myghte obteyne the victory whyche was in theyr handes and so they dyd wyth suche furie and violence as the enimie fledde and ranne themselues a ground where they were eyther taken or burned whiche when they that kepte the Sea dyd see they yeelded Then the Nauie of Caesar sang the song of victory the whych the footemen on the shore aunswered with no lesse gladnesse but Pompey perceyuing the ouerthrowe fledde to Messina not remembring his forces of footemen the which by and by yéelded to Caesar and shortly after the Horsemenne did the lyke The whyche when Pompey hearde he commaunded to put all things into the seauentéene Shyppes that were lefte and leauing the habite of a Generall woulde flée to Antony whose mother hée hadde saued in lyke daunger And that he myghte bée the better welcome he sente to Plennius to bring the eyght legions that hée had at Lelisbeo whyche he woulde leade wyth hym But when he perceyued that his friends and Souldyoures did continually yéelde to Caesar and that the enimie was entred the narrow sea although he was in a strong and well furnished Citie yet hée would not tarrie for Plennius but fledde wyth hys seauentéene shippes After he was gone Plennius came to Messina and kept that Citie This was the end of this last fighte by sea in the
whyche only thrée of Caesars ships were sonke and seauen and twenty of Pompeys The remnant were all defeated by Agrippa except xvij with the which Pompey fledde away Caesar remayned at Naulecho and commaunded Agrippa to beséege Messina whiche he did with the fellowship of Lepidus Plennius sente for peace Agrippa thoughte it good to deferre the aunswere tyll the morning But Lepidus was contente and to winne Plennius Souldyoures to hym permitted halfe the spoyle of the Citie to them which they hauing obteyned beyonde all hope beyng glad to haue gone with theyr liues that night sacked the citie with Lepidus Souldyoures By this meanes Lepidus wanne Plennius legions who sware vnto him so as nowe hauing two and twenty legions with a great nauie was not a little proude and thought to winne Sicelie bycause he had gotten diuers places before to the which he sent his garrisons to kéepe out Octauian The next day Caesar expostulated with Lepidus by his friendes saying he came as a confederate to resort to Sicelie and not to get y I le for himselfe and he alleadging that his authoritie was taken froÌ„ him and that Caesar had it alone he could be content to render Africa and Corfica for Sicelie Then Caesar was angry and came vnto him and charged him with ingratitude and departed so as they stoode in doubt of each other kéeping warde seuerally The Shipyes lay at anchor and it was suspected that Lepidus intended to haue burned Caesars ships The armies fearing a new ciuill warre had not the like estimation of Lepidus that they had of Caesar for him they accompted wise and diligente and y other remisse and negligent bycause he suffered their enimies to be partakers of the spoyle When Octauian vnderstoode this he caused his friends to deale with the Captaines secretly and to promise them liberally and many were wonne vnto him specially of Pompeys band thinking their state not sure excepte Caesar coÌ„sented to it Caesar came in person with many Horsemen which he left without the trench and entred the Camp with a few vnbeknowing to Lepidus for lacke of foresight protesting that new warre was moued against his will wherefore the Souldioures saluted him as Generall and Pompeys parte that were corrupted asked him forgiuenesse To the which he said he maruelled that they should aske forgiuenesse not hauing yet done that was conuenient for them They vnderstanding his meaning tooke theyr ensignes and brought them to Caesar Other pulled downe theyr Tentes But when Lepidus heard the tumulte he came out armed and streight a fray began where one of Caesars Pages was killed himselfe stroke through the brest plate but not hurte wherefore he departed in hast to his Horsemen A garrison iested at his running away whereat he was so angry as he was not quiet till he had beaten downe that Castell the whiche being done other Castels gaue ouer in like sort some presently and some the nighte following some neuer spoken to some pretending some occasion by béeyng vexed of the Horsemen yet some abode the brunt and repulsed theÌ„ for Lepidus euery where sent helpers to them the which reuolting also the rest that were willing to him changed their mind And first againe the Pompeyans that yet remayned with him for sooke him by little and little Lepidus caused other to be armed to kepe theÌ„ in who being armed to that inteÌ„t toke their ensignes with the aid of others ioyned theÌ„selues to Caesar Lepidus threatened them that went and prayd them also and he tooke the Standerds and sayd he woulde neuer deliuer them but wheÌ„ a Souldyour said Thou shalt deliuer them dead he gaue place The last that for sooke him was the Horsemen who sente to Caesar to know if they shoulde kill hym which he denyed Thus Lepidus being for saken of all men and hauing lost his army changed his habite and went to Caesar and many ranne to sée that sight Caesar rose when he came and would not suffer him to knéele but depriuing him of all authoritie reseruing only a priestly office in y apparell that he came he sent him to Rome Thus he that had bin many times a Generall and sometime one of the thrée rulers making officers condemning many as good as himsolfe liued a priuate life vnder some of theÌ„ whome he had attainted before Caesar would not persecute Pompey nor suffer other to do it either bycause he would not meddle in another mans iurisdiction or would behold Antonyes doings to haue iust occasion to fall out with him For now that al other aduersaries were taken away it was thought ambition woulde make them two quarell or bycause Pompey was none of the conspirators as Caesar did after affirme Nowe had he an army oâ— â—ld legions of xxv M. Horsemen and of other Souldyoures as many more which he gathered togither He had sixe hundred Gallyes and many shippes of burthen which he sent to the owners He gaue the Souldyoures a rewarde for victory and promised more in time to come He distributed crownes garlands and other honors and foâ—gaue Pompeys Captaynes Thys so greate felicitie Fortune did â—uâ—ie for his owne armie fell to mutinie destring to be discharged and requiring the rewarde promised at the field of Philipps He aunswered that thys warre was not like any of the other notwithstanding he woulde reward them for all togyther with Antonyes Souldyers when he should returne But as concerning their discharge he put them in remembrance of their oth and obedience But séeyng them styll obstinate he ceassed hys rebukes least the Souldyoures lately yéelded should follow their trade and promised that Antony and he would discharge them in conueniente tyme and that he would now not vse theÌ„ in any cruell warre for by the help of God all was ended and done and nowe he would leade them into Slauonia and other barbarous nations where they shoulde get great booties They sayde they woulde not gâ—â— vnlesse hée woulde rewarde them thoroughly He sayd he would reward them and also giue them garianoâ—s garmentes of honor and prayse Then sayde Ofilius one of the Tribunes Garlandes and purple garmentes bée rewardes of Children Souldyoures had néede of money and landes The multitude sayde it was true Then Caesar was gréeued and came from his scate and they that stoode nexte the Tribunes praysed him and rebuked the other that woulde not agree wyth them He sayde he was sufficiente alone to defende so iust a cause The nexte daye he was not séene nor coulde bée knowen where he was become Then the Souldyoures not one at once for feare but altogither requyred to be dismissed Caesar spake as feare as he coulde to theyr Captaynes and discharged them that had serued at Philippi and Modena as the most olde Souldyoures and commaunded them to depart the I le least they should corrupt the rest Thus much he sayd to them that he discharged that
thought â— discharged them nowe yet he woulde reward them Speaking to the other hée made them to wytnesse the periurie of them that departed not discharged by the leaue of theyr Generall and praysed thâ—â—d and promised to dismisse them shortly and that they should not repente their duetie done to him and that nowe he woulde giue to euery of them fyue hundred drammes Then he sette at â—she vpon Sicelie of fiftéene hundred Talentes and appoynted Lieutenants for Sicelie and Barbarie and diuided hys army Antonyes Shippeâ— he sent to Tâ—drent the rest of hys army he sent partlie into Italy and partly he tooke wyth hym when he wente out of the I le Commyng towarde Rome the Senate receyued hym wyth all kynde of honors permytting to himselfe to receyue whyche he would eyther all or some at his pleasure He was mette a farrè off wyth them that had garlandes as well of the Senate as of the people of whome he was first brought to the Temples and then to hys house The daye following he made an Oration to the Senate and to the people he declared hys doyngs in order and the administration of the common wealth from hys beginning to thys day Whiche Orations written of hymselfe he published wyth many examples and pronounced peace and tranquilitie after so long ciuill warres Tributes vnpaydâ— hée forgaue and lykewyse the gatherers of the tolles and the synes for offices Of the honors of the Senate he accepted a Chariot in the Theatre and yearely solemnities of the dayes of hys victories And an image of golde in the common place wyth thys inscription For peace gotten after so many warres both by lande and Sea. But he refused the chiefe Byshopshippe which the people offered hym whyche by auntiente custome was not vsed to be taken from any man aliue for Lepidus had it and when they woulde haue hadde hym kylled Lepidus as an enimie he denyed it Then he wrote manye letters to the armyes wyth commaundemente to bée opened all at a daye appoynted and then to doe as they were commaunded whyche was to restore all bondmen in Rome and Italy to their maisters or their heyres that had fréedome giuen them at the request of Pompey all the whiche returned to their old state The like he did in Sicelie If any were vnchalenged he put them to deathe in the Citie from whence they came This séemed to be an end of ciuill warre when Caesar was eyght and twenty yeares of age and consecrated as a god The Citie and Sicelie was troubled very much wyth robbers and rouers with such boldnesse as they openly committed their lewdenesse To correct these Sabinus was sent who put manye of them to the sword and spent a yeare before he coulde ridde them and at that time they say the bands of watches were appoynted which continue to this day The spéedy redresse of this brought greate estimation to Caesar who exercised manye things after the olde manner by yearely officers and burned all the letters that were written in the time of warre and promised to restore the common wealth so soone as Antony returned for he knew that he also woulde giue vp his offices nowe that there was no ciuill warre Therefore being extolled with immortall prayses the Tribuneship was giuen him for euer with a meaning by the taking of this to leaue all other of the which he wrote priuately to Antony and he gaue his aduice by Bibulus goyng from hym and placed Lieutenants in his prouinces intending to be his companion in the warre of Slauonia Pompey fléeing out of Sicelie came to the shore of Lacinie where he spoyled a rich Temple of Iune From thence he went to Mitylene where his father lefte him and his mother when he made warre with Caesar And bycause Antony was gone to the Parthian warre he intended to yéeld to him at his returne But where it was reported that Antony was ouercome and he beléeued it hée conceiued an hope to succéede him in all the prouinces or that at the least in part taking example of Labienus who ranne ouer Asia Being occupyed with these cogitations he heard that Antony was come to Alexandria He prepared himselfe to both courses and wrote to Antony to be his friend and fellow only meaning to espie his doings And secretely he sente other Embassadours to the Princes of Thracia and Pontus minding to passe into Armenia if he did not obteyne his purpose He wrote also to the Parthians hoping they would take hym for a Captayne in the warre béeyng a Romane againste Antony theyr Romane aduersary He prepared Shyppes and Souldyoures for the same pretending to be afrayde of Caesar and to prepare them for Antonyes vse But when Antony hearde of hys purposes hée sente Titius chiefe Captayne agaynste hym that receyuing an armie and nauie Syria hée shoulde resiste Pompey with all hys power but if he had rather receyue Antonies truste hée shoulde bryng him to him honorably The Embassadours of Pompey made this request Wée are sent to thée from Pompey not that hée coulde not be admitted into Spaine a prouince that oweth him good will for his fathers sake if he listed to make warre whiche holpe hym when he was younger and now offereth him theyr ayde but bycause hée had rather enioy peace with thée or vnder thy banner make warre if néede be Which is no new intent but when he ruled Sicilie and inuaded Italie and saued and sente thée home thy mother he desired thy friendship whiche if thou haddest accepted neyther had he bene driuen out of Sicilie whereto thou diddest lende thy shippes nor thou bene ouercome in Parthia Caesar not sending thée such army as he promised Yea thou mightest haue brought Italie vnder thy power But although he were refused when time was he now desireth thée not to be illuded and deceyued with so many fayre wordes and affinitie remembryng that Pompey also after promise to the contrarie was iniustly inuaded of Caesar and spoyled of his portion whereof no parte hath redouÌ„ded to thée Now thou onely arte the lette why he hath not the only Monarchie which he hath long thirsted after For you had bin at war before this if Popey had not bene And thou oughtest to foresée these things of thy selfe so for the good will which hée beareth thée he had rather haue the amitio of a playne and liberall man than of a subtill and crafty fellow Pompey is not angry that thou lentest shippes agaynst him beyng constrayned that thou mightest haue men of him but putteth thée in remeÌ„brance how much y army not sent thée did hinder thée And to be shorte Pompey committeth himselfe to thée with all his shippes with a trusty army whiche haue not forsaken hym though he fledde thou shalt purchase a great prayse if beyng in peace thou wilt preserue the Sonne of Pompey the great that if the warre be broken whiche is feared thou mayst haue
a confederate of such might and estimation When Antonie hearde this he sayde If Pompey meaneth good faith I haue giuen commission to Titius to bryng him to me In the meake 〈…〉 Pompeâ—â— messengers that were sente to the Parthians were taken of Antonies officers and brought to Alexandria of whome when Antonie had learned all thyngs he sente for Pompeis Embassadours and shewed them to them Then they exellâ—â—d hym beyng a yong man and in extréeme necessrie fearyng to be reâ—â—â—â—ed of him and dryâ—â—en so proue the moste mortall enimies of the people of Rome â–ª but if he were sure of Antonies mynde hée should néede no furder suyte He beâ—éeued it as a playne man and nothyng suspitious Furnius beyng president of Asia receyued Pompey very gently not beyng hable to reâ—ect hym nor sure of Antonies minde But when hée sawe hym trayne his Soldiours hée gathered an aâ—my of the countrey and sente for 〈…〉 capitayne of the armie and for Amyntas a fréende who assemblyng â–ª quickly togither Pompey complayned that hée was vsed as an enimy When he had sent Embassadours to Antonie and loked for answere from him In the meane while he practised to take 〈…〉 by the helpe of Cuâ—â—â—ne hys fréende but the practise being discouered Curio was put to death and Pompey kylled hys laâ—e bondman Theodorus who was â—nely priute to that counsell And because he doubted of Furnius he tooke the citie of Lampsaco by composition where many Italians dyd inhabite appoynted by Iulius Caesâ—r whome hée allured to his pay with great promyses Now had hée two hundreth horse and thrée regions and besieged Cyzicus both by sea and lande from the whiche he was repulsed For there was a litle bande of Antonies and certen sworde players that were brought vp there And where Furnius absteyning from battayle old cuermore encampe nigh him and kept him froÌ„ soraging which he went aboute in the territorie of the Acheans Pompey set vpon the fore parte of hys campe and sente other aboute to do the like behinde Whereby Furnius resisting him hys campe was taken of the other and dryuen to flée by the fieldes of Scamandria where Pompey killed many of them for the fielde was moyst with the shoures They that escaped durst not turne againe to the fielde The people of Mysia Propontide other plaâ—es that were pore consumed with payment came to 〈…〉 seruice beyng renounâ—ed for hys late victorie But wantyng horsemen and beyng shrewdly handâ—ed in foragyng he heard of a bande of Italian horsemen goyng to Antonie whiche Octauia had sente from Athens and sente to corrupt them with golde The president of the countrey tooke them that brought the money and distcibuted it to the horse men Pompey at Nâ—cea and Nicâ—media gathered muche money with greate successe Furnius agayne comming into the fielde and encamping nigh him there came .lxx. shippes out of Sicelie in the spryng which were leste of them that Antonie had lent Caesar And Titius came out of Syria with a hundred and twentie shippes and a greate army all the which arriued at Proconnesco of the which Pompey being afrayde burned his shippes and armed his Mariners hauing more trust in the lande But Cassius of Parma Nasidius Saturninus Therinus Antistius other honorable friendes of Pompey Furnius moste déere vnto him Libâ— himself his father in lawe when they saw that Pompey was alwayes to weake they yéelded themselues to Antonie He being thus forsaken went into y midland of Bythinia entending to go into Armâ—nia Furnius Tituis folowed him he being secrete departed out of his tents and with great iourney they ouertooke him at night and seuerally encamped aboute an hill without ditche or trenche beyng late and they weary That night Pompey set vpon them with thrée thousande men as they were sléeping put them to flée naked shamefully but if hée had assayled them with his whole power or folowed them as brokeÌ„ he had gotten perfect victory But fortune would not suffer and he got nothing thereby but that he went on his iourney They recouering horses folowed him and kepte him from victuall so as beyng dryuen to speache hée desired to speake with Furnius that was some tyme â—â— fréende of hys Fathers and a man of greate dignitie And stâ—ndyng on the banke of the riuer hée sayde hée had sente Embassadours to Antonie and in the meane season wantyng victualles dyd that hée had done If you make warre vpon mée by 〈…〉 ies commaundeme he seeth not wel for himself not receyuing a greater warre to hang ouer hym But if you do it vpon your owne authoritie I pray you and beséeche you that you would ceasie till my Embassadours returne or carie me safely to him And to you O Furni I will committe my selfe so you will promise me to deliuer me safe to Antonie Thus much hée sayde hopyng in Antonie as a gentle man and séekyng to passe his iourney quietly To whom Furnius thus answeared If thou wouldest haue coÌ„mitted thy selfe to Antonie thou shouldest haue done it at the first or beyng quiet haue looked for answeare at Mâ—â—yiene but makyng warre thou haste brought thy selfe to this case if thou repentest thée blame not vs Antonie hath appoynted Titius to receyue thée to hym therefore committe thy selfe of whom thou mayst require that thou requirest of mée For he commaunded that if thou playest the parte of an enimie to kill thée if not to bryng thée honorably vnto him Pompey was offended with Tiâ—iâ— as vnthankfull bycause hée had made this warre agaynst hym whome he once tooke and saued hym Therefore Pompey was the more grieued to come into his handes that was but a méane man whose fidelitie he suspected eyther of his behauiour or of the former iniurie hée had done him before he did him pleasure Wherefore once agayne he yéelded to Furnius desired to be taken but it was not graunted Then he desired Amyntas â—ight take him which wheÌ„ Furnius sayde he should not do bycause it were a wrong to him that had commission from Antonie and so they brake Furnius Soldiours thought hée woulde haue yéelded the nexte day to Titius But he in the night makyng fires after the 〈…〉 and founding the trompe at euery reliefe of the watche with a few went out of the campe not tellyng them what he woulde doe for hée meante to haue gone to the sea and haue set Titius campe a fire whiche 〈…〉 he had 〈…〉 had not 〈…〉 gone from him and 〈…〉 his departure and whiche may he went Then Amyntas folowed him with 〈◊〉 hundred horsemen to whom whom he drewe nigh his people forsâ—â—ke hym some openly and some secretely When he sawe himself forsaken of all sides hée yéelded to Amyntas without condition refusing Tiâ—â—â—â— conditions Thus the yonger 〈◊〉 of great Pompey was taken â–ª losing his father when he was very yong and his
and turned their backes Antony thinking to make an ende of the warre that daye gaue them the chase and yet tooke but xxx and kylâ—ed lxxx Whiche agayne did much discourage the Romanes since they lost so many at their cariage and wanne so little at this victory The next day Antony returned to his Camp and by the way at the first mette with few of his enimies afterwards more and more and at the last all so as being much molested with them with much adoe he got to the Tentes where the enimie aâ—saulted the trench the which diuers for feare did forsake Wherefore Antony punished euery tenth man and fedde the rest wyth barley The warre was gréeuous to them both for Antony could no more goe a foraging without great losse And the Kyng feared that if his men shoulde lye in the fielde all Winter they would forsake him Wherefore he deuised this policie The noble men of the Parthians suffered the Romanes to carrie awaye their prayes with great commendation of their worthinesse and that the king woulde be glad of peace and so riding néerer the army would rebuke Antony for kéeping them there in so strange a countrey out of the whiche though the Parthians were theyr friends it shoulde be harde for them to escape When Antony hearde of this he caused to be enquired whether these men dyd speake by the Kings consent which they aunswered to be Then he sente to the King that if he woulde restore the Captiues and ensignes he would depart The King sayd he would sende them to him if he would depart quickly Therefore Antony made vp and retired At his going away he did not speake to the Souldyoures as he was wont to doe being very elaquente that way whereat many were offended committing the matter to be done to Domitius Aenobarbus Being in his way one Mardus well acquainted with the Parthian maners whose faith the Romanes had proued before tolde Antony it was best for him to goe so as hée might haue the hilles on his right hande and not to hazarde hys army laden with armour to the Parthian archers and horsemen in the playne way Antony consulted with his counsell pretending yet not to be afrayde of the breache of peace and accepting the counsell as compendious Antony required suretie of Mardw he had him bind him till he came into Armenia So béeyng bound he brought him two dayes quietly The third day when Antony loked for nothing lesse than the Parthians Mardus espyed the banke of a riuer to bée broken downe and the water flowing abroade which he coniectured to be done by the enimie to hynder the passage of Antony Therefore he wished Antony to loke to it for they were not faire off Antony sette his men in order and by and by the Parthians came vppon him whome he receyued with his shotte So there was muche hurte done on both sides till the French horsemen brake vpon them and put them by for that day Antony being taughte hereby went on with a square battel fencing the same thoroughly with the shotte The Horsemen were commaunded to gyue repulse to the enimie and that done not to chaâ—e them farre So when the Parthians these foure dayes had receyued as much hurt as they had done they minded to retire bycause the winter was at hand The fifth daye Fuluius Gallus a valiant man desired Antony to haue a greater bande of shotte and more Horsemen and he would do some notable feate which when he had receyued he put backe the enimie not returning to the armie againe as they did before but pursuing them along without feare whiche when the leader of the rerewarde did sée he called him backe but hée would not obey And whereas Titius tooke the banner to turne backe he put it forward againe and badde hym meddle with hys owne matters and wente so farre as he was compassed of hys enimies and compelled to sende for helpe wherein Canidius that was in greate credite wyth Antony dyd not well for hée sente but a fewe at once which were soone put backe and vtterly hadde bin lost hadde not Antony come wyth hys legions in time and abated the courage of the enimie Notwithstandyng thrée thousande Romanes were slayne and fyue thousande hurte and Gallus wounded with foure dartes of the which he dyed Antony went about wéeping and comforting them they desired him to be content for all was well if he were well Great lone bare the souldyoures vnto him for he was compted one of the best Captaynes of that time The enimies were so encouraged by this victory as they wayted at the Camp all night thinking the Romanes would haue bin gone And in the morning the number was much encreased for the king had sent the horsemens gard of his person but came at no fight himselfe so as there was nowe fortie thousand horsemen Antony woulde haue gone among the Souldyoures with a blacke gowne but his friends woulde not suffer him so he went generall like and praysed them that hadde done well and rebuked them that had done otherwise They prayed him to pardon them and to punish euery tenth man Only they desired him to leaue his sorrow Then he held his hands vp to heauen saying If anye disdeyne of God remained of hys former fortune he desired it might fall vpon him so the Romanes army might be saued and haue the victory The next day he went more warily when contrary to theyr looking the Parthians came â—rolling downe the hill thinking to haue gotten pray and not to haue founde warre The Romanes tooke in their archers and such other into the middest of the battell causing theÌ„ to knéele and they stouping couered them with their shields vppon the which the Parthians arrowes slided off And the Parthians thinking that the Romanes had stouped for wéerinesse made a shoute and came vpon them with their staues at the whiche time the Romanes rose and so encountred with them as they droue them away Thus were they troubled dyuers dayes and made but little way Nowe was there wante in the Campe for they coulde gette no corne and their Cattell was spente partly by losse and partlye by carrying the wounded and sicke men A barly lofe was solde for the waighte of siluer They eate strange hearbes and rootes and some that brought present death with a kinde of madnesse for they coulde do nothing else but roll stones so as all the Campe was almost occupyed in picking and turning of stones The remedye of thys was wyne whyche wanted in the host therefore when they hadde vomited the melancolie they dyed Manye thus dying and the Parthians styll commyng vpon them Antony oftentimes cryed Oh the tenne thousande meaning the tenne thousand Greekes which vnder the leading of Xenophon passed safe a farre longer way in despight of their enimies Nowe when the Parthians perceyued they could not preuayle againste the
Romanes nor breake their order but were alwayes put backe they began to deale gently againe wyth the forragiers shewing the strings of their bowes vnbente and to make an ende onely a fewe Medians shoulde followe the tayle to kéepe the Townes from spoyling These wordes made the Romanes glad and Antony minded to goe the champion way and leaue the hilâ—es And being entred this way one Mithridates a cousin of that Monesis that fledde to Antony came vnto him and required to speake with one that coulde the Parthian tong To whome Alexander of Antioch a friende of Antonyes was appoynted He tolde him that Monesis for good will to Antony had sent him to shew that vnder the hilles which he saw before him nexte vnto the which the playne way did ioyne the Parthians lay in secrete to beguile him againe by their faire words Therfore if he woulde saue himselfe and his host he shoulde not leaue the way by the hilles where in déede he shoulde finde laboure and thirst but the other way he should not escape Crassus misfortune This saide he went his way Antony communicated this wyth his friendes and with Mardus who affirmed it to be most lyke the truth Therefore he sayd it was best to go by the hils though it were paynefull and shoulde lacke water one daye Nowe Antony toke this way and commaunded euery man to carrie as muche water as he coulde but there was lacke of vessels and the most part carryed it in their sallets When the Parthians spies had told whiche way Antony went contrary to theyr manner they came vpon him by night and by breake of day set vpon the rereward wéeryed with labour watching So they were compelled both to march and to resist the enimie Now was the foreward come to a floud whiche was very cléere but salt that who soeuer dranke of it was full of payne Mardus gaue them warning of it but the Souldyoures would not be ruled Then Antony ranne aboute praying them to refraine and passe on for a little further was a floud of healthsome water and so chose a way that the Parthians could not follow them And to cause the Souldyoures to haue some shadow he blew the retreat and pitched his tents Which being done and the Parthians going backe as they were wonte Mithridates came agayne and spake with Alexander telling hym that after the Souldyoures had rested a while they should remoue and passe ouer the next floud for so farre the enimie would followe When Antony heard this he tooke many cuppes of gold to Alexander to giue Mithridates as many as he could carrie away So Antony departed and hadde much ado for the enimies followed so hard as they sacked hys carriage and tooke his tables and plate of golde and as many as hadde anye thyng they kylled and spoyled whereby it was thought that all the armye was disordered and scattered in so much as Antony called one of his chamber to hym and wylled him if he commaunded hym to kyll hym he shoulde do it vppon hys oth and take away his head that he mighte not be knowen when he was dead Antony being in this sorrowe Mardus dyd comfort him affirming that the floud was at hande whiche hée knew by the coldnesse of the aire that there was felte Antony to bring all to quiet commaunded to Campe euen there By breake of daye the Parthians againe charged vppon the tayle in defence of whome the shotte was sent and the battell defended them with their shieldes The Parthians durst not come to handstrokes so as by this time the fore-ward was come to the floud â—uer the which Antony sent first the hurt sicke souldioures and appoynted all the Horsemen to encounter with the enimie by the whiche meane they that wente ouer might haue leysure to drinke When the Parthians sawe the floude they vnbente theyr bowes and sayde the Romanes myghte nowe drinke at leysure for they had so deserued by theyr vertue The Romanes béeyng past the floud did marche in order not yet trusting the Parthians The sifth daye after theyr last fyghte they came to the floude Araxes which diuideth Media and Armenia And bycause thys floud was harde to passe they were agayne afrayd 〈◊〉 theyr enimies had â—ayne in awayte but passing quietly as soone as they came to lande they reioyced at it as they do that sâ—â— it from the Sea and embraced one another weeping for ioy Now followed there another inconuenience for the Countrey being plentifull and the Souioyoures taking too muche fell into many diseases and dyed Antony then mustered his men finding he wanted twenty thousand footâ—men and foure thousand Horsemen halfe of the which dyed of diseases From tâ—e Citie of Phraâ—tis they had bâ—â— comming seauen and twenty dayes in the whiche they hadde fought eyghtéene times with the Parthians of whome they coulde not haue perfite victory bycause the king of Armenia forsooke them whose army hadde bin most expert to haue dealte with the Parthians wherefore euery man counselled Antony to be reuenged of the King Antony vsing policies shewed all courtesies to the men of the Countrey and sent so fayre messages to the King as he came vnto him whome he coâ—â—â—itted by and by and carryed him to Alexandriâ— where he triumphed ouer hym which thing gréeued the Romanes that Antony woulde defraude his Countrey to please his Concubine The winter was so greate that he lost eyghte thousande before he coulde come to a Castell called Leuce where he was in great agonyes till Cleopatra was come Then like a foolishe yong maÌ„ he gaue himselfe to wantonnes and riot running from his table to the sea side euery day to sée if she were come When she came she brought muche apparell and money to gyue the Soulâ—youres Some say Antony toke them to hir â–ª to gyue the Romanes Now was there a variance fallen betwéene the Kings of Parthia and Media for the spoyle of the Romanes goodes The Median King sent to Antony to come agayne and he woulde ioyne wyth him with all his power which was very great Antony was not a little glad héereof bycause the helpe of the Medians mighte bée the meane for hym to conquer Parthia and so intended to make a new iâ—urney At Rome Octâ—uia desâ—red to goe to hir husbaÌ„d Antony Câ—sar was content with it not so muche to pleasure his sister as to take occasion by the euill handling which he suspected would followe oâ— hir to moue iust warre against Antony When she was come to Athens she receyued letters from Antony to stay there bycause of his newe voyage She smelling the matter wrote vnto him to know whether she should send the things whiche she had brought him that is to saye many coates for his Souldyoures great plenty of Cattell money and rewards for his Captaines and two thousande freshe Souldyoures for the gard of his person all the which were well set out
to hym by Niger his messenger When Cleopatra heard this fearing that if Octauia came she would put hir out of conceyt she bestirred hir she pined hirselfe she wepte and wayled and woulde néedes dye for Antonyes sake who sayd he would take his iourney in hand Some there were that blamed Antony as rude and hard harted that hâ—e would put so louing a Lady and so great a Quéene in danger of hir life eyther for his wiues sake or for anye other cause in so muche as Antony was made a tame foole and deferred vnto the next sommer his expedition and returned to Alexandria to winter with Cleopatra Now was Octauia returned to Rome hir brother willed hir to goe to hir owne house but she went to Antonyes house which she kept with so good order and cherishing as well the children he had by Fuluia as by hir selfe as it did aggrauate the fault of Antony that he woulde forsake so vertuous a Romane Lady for an Egiptian straÌ„ger Octauia desired hir brother that if there were none other cause of warre but by hir that he would not moue it for she should beare the blame Therefore â—â— all requests she did help Antonyes friends whereby vnwillingly she hindered Antony who was nowe so fonde waxen as hée woulde haue Cleopatra called by the name of the Goddesse Isis Quéene of Aegypt Cyprus Affrâ—ke and Caelosiria and Caesarion whome it was thought she hadde by Iulius Caesar to be hir companion in these Kingdomes The sonnes that he hadde by hir he called Kings of Kings To Alexander Armenia Mediâ— Parthia to Pâ—olomeo Phâ—enitia Syria Cilicia he appoynted In Rome Caesar accused him of this geare before the Senate Antony by letters accused Caesar likewise First â–ª that he had not made him partaker of Sicilia â–ª out of the which he â—ad wrong Pompey Then y he had not restored the Shyppes which he had lent him Thirdlye that hauing deposed Lepâ—dus his fellow in authoritie he kepte those profites and prouinces to his owne vse and that he had diuided Italy to his owne souldioures and not remembred his To these Caesar answered that bycause Lâ—pidus ruled out of order hée had broughte him to order his prouinces he woulde participate with him when he would diuide with him Armenia â–ª As for hys Souldyoures they hadde no portion in Italy no more than he in Media Parâ—hâ—a WheÌ„ Antony heard of this he sent by by Canidius with xvj legions to the sea He carrying Cleopatra wyth hym wente to Ephesus whither all his Nauie assembled to the number of eyght hundred shippes of burden of the which Cleopatra gaue him two hundreth and two hundreth talentes for the expences of the warre Domitius and other of Antonyes counsell woulde haue had Cleopatra to haue gâ—ne to Egypt till the warre were ended But she corrupted Cantdius to tell him that it was not honorable to remoue hir that was at suche charge for the warre nor sure to exaâ—perate the Egyptians mindâ—s in whome was great part of his forces by sea So Antony must liue wyth Cleopatra â—â—l they were both brought to death From Ephesus they wente to Samâ— where they made lusty théere For as all Kings Princes and prouinces were commanded to bring all maner of munition for the warre thither euen so all kind of players and people of paâ—â—â—â—â— wer willed also to be there that at what time all the wâ—â—ld as it were was in â—orrowe for y â— â—uine that was toward that only IlaÌ„d was â—n all ioy pleasure The Kings sente all prouâ—â—â—â—â—hâ—â—her striâ—ing who should make greatest baÌ„â—uets in so much as it was saide if there be suche cheering before the wâ—â— wha◠〈◊〉 will there be when the victory is gotten 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 they 〈◊〉 Pâ—â—enâ— â–ª where were shewed all y Come 〈◊〉 â—â—◠〈◊〉 and theâ—â—â— Aâ—â—ens where aâ— kinds of newe shewes were deuiâ—ed â—éere 〈◊〉 â—â—â— emulation of Octâ—uia to whoâ—â— the Athenianâ— had dâ—ne great honoures gaue a greate â—â—â—gesse to â—he people and they againe made a decrée of honours â—o â—e done â—o hâ—â— aâ—â—he â—â—â—â—he Antony was as a â—â—â—â—zen of Athâ—â—â—â— â—â—â—â—â— the 〈◊〉 of the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 aâ—â—raâ—â—on vnto hir Antonie had sent to Rome â–ª to remoue Octauia out of his house She went from it with all his chyldren wéeping and lamenâ—â—ng that she should â—e any cause of the warre The people lamented bothe hir and Antonie specially they that had seene â—leopatra who did not excell Octauia neyther in beautie nor in floure of yeares Caesar Octauius was afrayde when he heard of Antonies expedition and great preparation for he had nothyng ready nor money to prepare in gathering of the whiche if Antonie had come on Caesar had bene in great daunger For whyles money is so eâ—acted men are tumultours but when it is gathered they be quiet Therefore it was thought a greate folie in Antonie to detract the time But what shal a man say That that wil be shal be Titius and Plancus twoo chiefe aboute Antonie and they that gaue him aduise he should send Cleopatra away fledde from him to Caesar bycause Cleopatra began to maligne at them and they did bewray Antonies Testament being priuie to it It was kept of the Uirgines Uestalles to whome Caesar sente to haue it they would not deliuer it if he woulde take it from them hée might So he went and tooke it away and first by himselfe redde it and noted what might be sayde agaynst it Then he called the Senate and redde it openly whereat many were grieued thinkyng it not reasonable that a mans minde for his death shoulde bée scanned whylest he was aliue The greatest faulte that was founde was this that he had willed wheresoeuer he died that his body should be caried to Alexandria and sente tâ— Cleopatra Furthermore one Caluisius a fréende of Caesars obiected agaynst Antoniâ— That he had giuen hir the Librarie of Pâ—rgamo in the whiche was two hundred thousand bookes That he would rise from the table and tâ—ample vpon hir féete by compacte That he suffered the Ephesians in his presence to call hir Soueraigne That when hâ—gaue audienâ—e to Kings and Pâ—iâ—ces he woulde receyue letters of loue from hir written in tables of pearle and Cristall and reade them That when Furnius a man of authoritie in Rome and very eloquent did pleade a cause before him â—leâ—pâ—tra came by in a litter he left the court and â—aâ—â—e downe â—â—â—â—â— and lâ—â—nyng â—pon â—â—e lâ—tter went away with hir Many men thought Caluisius forged these crimes Therefore Antonies fréends made meanes to the people of Rome for him And sent Geminius vnto him to warne him to take héede that he loste not his power and be pronounced rebell to Rome When Geminius was come into Graecia Cleopatra suspected he came to entreate for Octauia And beyng at supper
this place with the figure of the man and the Asse he did sette vp afterwarde in a table of Brasse in the common place of Rome When hée had ouerlooked the residue of his nauie he betooke himselfe to the righte battayle and behelde his enimies quiet in the straights For it séemed they had lien at anchor and so helde his shippes backe a good while beyng twoo miles off At sixe of the clocke a good gale beganne to blowe when as Antonies Soldiours would tarry no longer but trustyng in the greatnesse of their ships moued the lefte battayle When Caesar sawe that hée was gladde and held still his right battaile that he might the more get his enimies out of the straightes and with his swifte shippes fighte with the huge heauy vessels of his enimies which were nothing well manned When the onset was giuen they did not couragiously encounter for Antonies ships could not well stirre to giue a good assault â–ª whiche is best done by mouyng Caesars shippes were not sitte to gyue the charge vpon the front bycause of the others sharpe and strong beakes nor durst do it on the sides for breakyng of their owne beakes for the greate tymber and yron worke of those mighty vessels Therefore it was like a fight on lande or rather as I may say it an assault of a wall For thrée or foure of Caesars did set vpon one of Antonies and fought with theyr dartes pykes and fyred weapons And Antonies menne flong downe theyr weapons from their towers out of their casting Engines Agrippa began to stretch foorth to compasse the rest whiche when Publicola dyd sée he was forced to do the same and so diuided from the midde battayle And the fighte beyng very sore on bothe sides and vncertayne to whome the victorie woulde fall Cleopatra with hyr thréescore shippes whiche were placed behinde the greate shippes brake thorough to their greate disorder and tooke themselues to flight Here did Antonie shewe himselfe to haue forgotten his office and charge and verified the olde saying That the minde of a louer liueth in an other body For as though he had bene annexeb to hyr and coulde neyther lyue nor die without hir by and by so soone as he saw hir shippe vnder sayle he forsoke all and left his soldiours to the slaughter of his enimie for whom they shed their bloudes and with two companions of Aegypt got into a Brygandine folowyng Cleopatra to bring both hir and himself to reprochfull death When she did sée him commyng she sette out a flagge to call hym so hée beyng hoysted vp to hyr did not looke vppon hyr nor shée vppon him but wente and satte solitarie in the foreparte of the shippe holdyng his hedde with bothe his handes Shortly Caesars swifte shippes that did followe hym were in sight whome Antonie put backe sauing one in the whiche Euricles was who fiersly pursued shakyng his speare with threatnyng woordes Antonie standyng still and askyng who is hée that foloweth Antonie it is I quoth hée Lacharis sonne that by the good fortune of Caesar do pursue thée for my Fathers death Yet did he not take Antonies shippe but the other that was of the same goodlinesse in the whiche was all the riche furniture of Cleopatra When hée was gone Antonie satte still after one sorte and in one place and spake not to Cleopatra eyther for anger or for shame But when hée was come to Tâ—naro the womenne that were familiar to them bothe brought them to talke and then to borde and bedde Entendyng to sende from thence into Africa he choose one of the Quéenes riche shippes full of Golde and Siluer and gaue it to hys fréendes wishyng them to prouide for themselues And when as they wepte and prayed hym to be of chéere hée desired them to folowe hys requeste and wrote to Theophilus hys officer at Corinth to gyue them quicke dispatch and to helpe to hyde them till Caesar might bée pacified Many of the shippes of burden and some of his frendes were come from the fight declaryng that the nauy was loste but they thought the army by lande was safe Wherefore he wrote to Canidius to make haste by Macedonia and bryng his armie into Asia In this case was Antonie Caesar had a long fighte with Antonies nauie the whiche at length by the vehemencie bothe of the rage of the Sea and courage of the enimie gaue ouer onely fiue thousande beyng slayne and thrée hundreth skippes taken There were but fewe that knewe of Antonies fléeyng and when they hearde it they wondred as at a thyng incredible That he hauyng ninetene legions of footemen and twelue thousande horsemen woulde forsake all and runne away as though hée had not knowne the vnstablenesse of Fortune and had not proued the chaunce of warre full many a tyme The Souldiours thought still hée woulde come among them in so muche as when Caesar sente messengers to them they reiected them and so continued seuen dayes but when their Capitayne Canidius was stolne away by night and they left comfortlesse they yéelded to the Conquerour who sayled vnto Athens and makyng vnitie with the Gretians distributed corne among them being afflicted before with all kynde of exaction and seruitude When Antonie had sent Cleopatra into Aegypt from Paretonio hée wente into Affrica with twoo fréendes only the one a Gretian and the other a Romane and there lyued solitarily till hée heard that hys Lieftenauntes there hadde forsaken him Then he would haue kylled himselfe but hys fréendes did stoppe him And so hée wente againe to Cleopatra who was diuising by great expenses to carrie hyr nauie into the nooke of the strayghtest place of the Sea that is thought to diuide Affrike and Asia that she might bée safe from inuasion But bycause the first shippes that came had euill lucke and for that Antonie hoped hys footemenne were safe at Actio hée causod hyr to leaue off and â—ensed the mouthes of the floudde Nilus This beyng done Antonie buylded him an house in the Sea at the Lanterne and ramped it aboute separating himselfe from the company of men Affirmyng hée woulde folowe the trade of Timon that was surnamed Hater of men For when as he was forsaken of his fréendes and deceyued of suche menne as he had brought to aduauncement hée tooke this ingratitude so to the harte that hée woulde refuse all mens societie euen as Timon dyd who was a Citizen of Athens and called that house Timons Tabernacle The firste that brought hym newes of the losse of hys footemen at Actio was Canidius hymselfe And shortly after it was tolde hym that Herode the Iewe was gone to Caesar with certayne legions and that other Prynces dyd the lyke none of these thyngs dyd moue him but as beyng well wyllyng to leaue bothe hope and care contented hymselfe with Timons Tabernacle But beyng otherwise perswaded by Cleopatra he came to
the courte to Alexandrîa and there gaue hymselfe to feasting and banquettyng so as the Alexandrians dyd nothyng else a great whyle but make good cheere This maner of felowship vsed among them that woulde lyue they forsooke and beganne an other whiche was called of them that woulde die togither the whiche was not inferiour to the other in delicacie nor superfluitie and as many as had sworne to dye togither made suche feastes in order by course one to an other Cleopatra beside all this gaue hyr selfe to the searche of moste spéedy poyson and venom and caused not onely suche growyng thyngs as were accompted moste effectuous to be sought but also the lyuing beastes and Serpentes and made a proofe of them all in some of hyr folkes Then bothe shée and Antonie sente to Caesar Shée requyred that the kyngdome of Aegypt myght be entayled to hyr chyldren Antonie desired hée myght lyue a pryuate lyfe in Athens if hée might not doe it in Aegypt For lacke of other fréendes they were fayne to sende Euphronius their Schoolemayster to him For Alexas of Laodicia had deceyued Antonie and by the meane of Herode the Iewe gaue hymselfe to Caesar who dyd not accepte hym put him in chaynes and sent him to die in his countrey This rewarde had hée for hys vnfaithfulnesse to Antonie Caesar would not heare Antonyes requests but promised Cleopatra all kinde of courtesie if she woulde reiect Antony He sente his Liberte Thyrenus a learned man that might moue that magnificall Lady wyth the hope of so lusty a yong Emperoure He vsed so long and pleasing oration that Antony had him in suspition therefore he toke him and caused him to be whipped wrighting to Caesar that he was stirred by his pride and insolencie which would moue a man though he were in miserie And if this quoth he doth gréeue you take my Liberte Hipparchus y is with you and whippe him and then we shall be euen Nowe Cleopatra that she might wipe away all suspition honoured hym maruellously and celebrating hir owne birth daye meanely as hir case required she honoured his so nobly and princely that many that came pore to the feast wâ—nt rich away At this time Agrippa wrote to Caesar from Rome that in anye wise he should repaire thither for the case required his presence By this occasion the warre againste Antony was deferred tyll the next sommeâ— when Caesar sent forces againste his Captaynes in Affrike and went himselfe against him in Asia And when he had taken â—elusio it was suspected that Cleopatra was contented that Seleucus shoulde deliuer it but she to purge this crime toke the wife and children of him to be punished She had a goodly sepulchre made ioyning to the Temple of Isis in the whiche she had placed all hir treasure and princely things And Caesar being afrayd that if she were driuen to desperation she woulde set all on fire put hir in great hope alwayes Now was he come wyth his army to the Citie and his horsemen lay at the horserace vppon the which Antony came out so fiercely as he droue them to the Camp. Then he returned into the Court and tooke Cleopatra in his armes and kissed hir and recommended him vnto hir that had fought best and she gaue him an head péece and a coate armour of golde Yet he that night fledde to Caesar Then Antony challenged Caesar once againe to fight hande to hand Caesar aunswered there were many wayes for Antony to dye Then seing there was no way so honourable to dye as in fight Antony determined to set vpon Caesar both by Sea land and at supper bad his meÌ„ drinke make merry for he coulde not tell if they should do so any more or serue other Lords for as for himself he shuld not liue And wheÌ„ they wept at the words he sayd he would not leade theÌ„ to a fight by the which he might rather hope for a glorious death thaÌ„ a sure triumphaÌ„t victorie About midnight was heard ouer al the citie such a pleasant noyse musicke as is went to be vsed in that sacrifice of Bacchus the which weÌ„t forth of y Citie into the enimies Camp. It was expounded that the God whom he had most serued did now also forsake him In the morning he brought forth his footemen placed theÌ„ vpoÌ„ the hilles about the citie where he stood to sée that successe of his nauie the which comming nigh to that enimie saluted theÌ„ as friends they did the like so yéelded to theÌ„ When this was perceyued Antonyes horsemeÌ„ fled to Caesar also his footemen did fight it out were ouercome which being done he retired into the citie crying he was betrayd of Cleopatra to theÌ„ against whome he had made war for hir sake She being afrayd of his furie got hir into hir Scpulchre causing the bridge to be drawne to be kept close and shut This done she sent one out to tell him that she was dead WheÌ„ he heard it he sayd Why teÌ„ptest thou Antony TheÌ„ he weÌ„t into his ChaÌ„ber vnharnessed him saying O Cleopatra I am not tormented that I am without thée for I wil soone be with thée but that I being so great a Captayne should be preueÌ„ted of thée y art but a womaÌ„ in such a case of fortitude Heros his faithful seruaÌ„t was with him whom before he had sworne to kill him wheÌ„ he should commaund it Now saith he is the time for thée to do it and toke him his sword He turned his face and killed himself and fell dead at Antonyes féete Ah good Eros quoth Antony where thou couldest not abide to doe it to me thou hast taught me to do it my selfe and so he thrust the sword into his belly and layd downe vppon his bed The stroke was not so great as it could dispatch hym there fore he commaunded them that were by to make an end of him but they went out of the chamber leauing him crying and lamenting til Diomedes came from Cleopatra to bring Antony to hir who hearing she was aliue commanded to be caried to hir in their armes to y dore of the monument which Cleopatra would not open but lot downe shéetes lines to heaue him vp whyche she and hir two women did that onely were with hir there It was a pitifull sight to sée him all bloudy and yéelding the ghost to be halled vp so hardly holding forth his hands and stretchyng himselfe toward hir as well as he could the pore womeÌ„ not hauing streÌ„gth ynough to do it till Cleopatra with both hir haÌ„ds beÌ„ding downeward as much as might be got him vp they that were below crying vpon hir to haue pitie vpoÌ„ him WheÌ„ she had him in she layde him vpoÌ„ a bed lamenting and tearing hir mourning wéede wiping the bloud froÌ„ his face called
him Lord husband Emperour forgetting hir owne sorow for cōpassion of him He being somewhat cōforted desired a cuppe of wine eyther for that he was a thirst or that he might the sooner be dispatched Whē he had dronke he wished hir to prouide for hir selfe so wel as she could hir honor being saued among Caesars friēds to trust Proculeius most and that she shuld not afflict hirselfe for him in this great alteratiō but rather comfort hirselfe that she had dealt with him that was most mighty ful of power who being a Romane was not thorough cowardise ouercome of a Romane This said he yelded the ghost whē as Proculeius was come frō Caesar for whē Antony had strickē himselfe was drawē up to Cleopatra Derceteus one of his gard toke his bloudy sword caried it to Caesar telling him how it stood which whē he heard he went into his closet wept for Antonyes chance that had bin a valiāt mā his cōpanion in many battels Then he red his letters to his friendes declaring how proudely arrogātly he answered to his gentle letters he cōmanded Proculeius to do all that he could to get Cleopatra aliue for he feared the destructiō of hir treasure thought it would be no smal honor to him if he might bring hir in triūph She wold not talke with Proculeius within but far of so as hardly hir voyce could be heard Hir request was that hir kingdome might be established to hir children Proculeius bad hir be of good chéere and remit al to Caesar and marking the place sent word to Caesar who sent Gallus to talke with hir and he of purpose prolōged the cōmunication till Proculcius hauing got scalling ladders with two more got into y window where Antony was taken in went streight to the place wher she was talking with Gallus Thē one of the womē cryed O vnhappy Cleopatra thou art takē aliue Thē she would haue strickē hirselfe for she ware a dagger but Proculeus ranne quickly and embraced hir with both his hands saying O Cleopatra you doe iniurie both to your selfe and to Caesar in taking from him the acte of clemencie and casting an infamie of vnfaithfulnesse Then he tooke the dagger from hir and cut hir garments that she shoulde haue no poyson about hir Then Caesar sent his freemade man Epaphroditus with commaundement that he shoulde in anye wise see hir kepte aliue in all other thinges doing most gently and curteously Then he entred the Citie with Arrius the Philosopher holding him by the hande that the Citizens mighte sée in what honor he had him Being come into the common hall and the Citizens lying prostrate for feare he willed them to rise saying he forgat them firste for Alexanders fame that builded the Citie then for the beautie of it thirdly for Arrius sake The body of Antony Caesar was contente that she shoulde burie which she did with hir owne hands by the labour whereof getting an agew she was glad she hadde suche a cloke to refrayne from meate and kill hirselfe with hunger whiche when it was perceyued Caesar threatned hir the losse of hir Children Then she was contente to be reléeued againe And after a fewe dayes Caesar came to sée hir and comforte hir She lying very homely in hir night gowne lept out of the bedde and fell downe at Caesars feete with trembling voyce and heauie chéere Hir body was deformed with hir owne stripes whereof the printes were séene hir eyes were sonke and hir couloure swart yet dyd hir behauiour declare that hir grace was not extinct whiche dyd appeare out of that forepined and wasted corpse Caesar willed hir to sit and he sate by hir she making excuses that she had done al for feare of Antony all the whiche when Caesar had reproued she gaue hir wholly to his mercy and toke him a note of suche treasure as she had The which when one of hir Treasurers Seleucus had corrected that she had hidde somewhat from him she lepte vnto him and knocked him aboute the pate whereat Caesar smyling and blaming hir O Caesar sayd she is it not a gréefe that séeing thou doest not disdeyne to visit me in this wofull estate to be accused of my seruants for kéeping a fewe womens thyngs wherewith I would winne thy wife Liuia and thy sister Octauia to make thée the more fauourable to me Caesar was glad of these words thinking she had desire to liue and granted hir al that and more to beyond all hope thinking he hadde deceyued hir but she deceyued him Cornelius Dolabella a noble yōg mā in Caesars camp had a great desire to Cleopatra to whom Caesar gaue leaue to come and tell hir that he would go home by lād through Syria and that she and hir children should be sent to Italy by shippe When she vnderstoode it she desired Caesar she mighte firste celebrate Antonyes funerall wherwith he was content She came to the graue with hir women and sayde Of late noble Antony I did burie thée being frée now I honor thy buriall being captiue and garded that I should not consume this wretched body with too much lamenting for thée whiche is reserued to be shewed in triumph of thée Other honours at my hand thou shalt not looke for being ready to be caried away from thée Nothing did separate vs lyuing but now in death we must be parted thou a Romane must lye héere and I vnhappy Egiptian in Italy so farforth to be partaker of thy Countrey but if the Gods there can do any thyng for oure Gods haue deceyued vs héere forsake not thy wife which is aliue neyther suffer in me a triumph to be made of thée but burie close me héere with thée For of infinite gréefes there is none so great to me as this shorte time that I haue lyued without thée When she had ended these laments and put on garlands and kissed the graue she commaunded a bath to be made readye for hir When she was washed she wente to meate and had greate chéere then a chest was brought out of the Countrie to hir by a man and the gard asking what it was he toke away the leaues and shewed them the figges They maruelling at the forme and greatnesse of them the man smiled and desired them to take thē They suspecting nothing bad him carrie them in After this she sent Caesar hir writings sealed Then all other being remoued but hir two women she shut the dores When hir letters were come to Caesar he redde them and founde hir onely request to hée with greate petition to be buryed by Antony whiche when hée saw he suspected by and by what was a doing and was mynded to haue gone streight thither hymselfe yet first sent to sée what was done but she was dispatched suddaynely For they that ranne
thither founde no alteration in the Gard and opened the dores and found hir dead lying in a bedde of gold most royally One of hir women called Iris lay dead at hir féete The other whose name was Charmium being ready to fall downe dead trimming the Crowne vpon hir head to them that cryed is this well done Charmium yea very weli quoth he for one that is descended of so many progenitours Kings When she had said thus much she fell downe dead by the beds side They say a Serpente called Aspis was brought among the figges and couered wyth the leaues the whiche did sting hir to death whose nature is to giue an heauinesse and sléepe without any shrinking or marke in the skinne onely putting forth a gentle sweat out of the face as ane were in a trance and hard to be wakened Some saye there were two little spots in hir arme whiche Caesar eyther â—eléeued or else would so haue it beléeued for in hir Image that he brought into triumph at Rome he set forth the Serpent and two markes in hir arme Howsoeuer it was Caesar was â—ory it was so chanced yet did he highly commend hir noble mind and caused hir to be royally layd by Antony and hir women to be nobly buryed also Cleopatra was .xxxix. yeares of age and hadde raigned .xxij. whereof .xiiij. was with Antony who liued .liij. yeares or at the most .lvj. Antonyes Images were throwen downe Cleopatras were not remoued for Archibius hir friend had obteyned that of Caesar for a thousand talents Antony had seauen childreÌ„ by thrée wiues whereof Attilus the eldest was only killed of Caesar the rest Octauia brought vp with hirs Attilus was betrayed of hys Scholemaister Theoderus who tooke a goodly iewell from hys necke when he was killed the which being required and denyed of him when he had it caused that he was hanged Cesarione whom Cleopatra had by the first Caesar beyng also betrayed of his scholemaster whoÌ„ she had sent with him a great treasure into India was slayne after she was dead Hir doughter called Cleopatra of hir name he maried to the flourishing king Iuba He promoted Antonie that was sonne to Fuluia to so high favour that next Agrippa and Liutas children he was chief Shée had by Marcellus two daughters and one sonne named Marcellus whom Caesar did adopt made him his sonne in law The other daughter was giuen to Agrippa Marcellus dying shortly after this mariage Octauia desired that Agrippa mighte marrie hys daughter Antonie hyrs Hir other daughters were bestowed vpon Domitius Aenobarba Drusus Liuias sonne and steppechilde to Caesar of whom came Germanicus and Claudius Germanicus died Claudius was Emperoure Of Germanicus came Caius who was Emperour also Agryppinae that had E. Domitio by Aenobarba did marrie with Claudius the Emperour who adopted Domitius calling him Nero Germanicus and was Emperour Thus of Antonies race diuerse Emperours issued Albeit himselfe had the lamentable end that you haue hearde and was the only cause why the Romane state was not restored to a common wealth agayne as the noble Brutus protested when he died al whose execrations came vpon Antonie before he died Eyther for that God woulde plague Antonies euill life or that he would chaunge the state of that mighty coÌ„mon wealth whiche had all the worlde at suche a becke as they might doe what they woulde whose outragious dealings as wel in foreine as ciuill murders it pleased God to punish with so great alteration or else for some secrete determinatioÌ„ for the natiuitie of his only sonne Iesus Christ our lord For now is Caesar the only Monarche without any competitor at all and yet had no childe to whom to leaue it but adopted Tiberius his wiues sonne whome that she might sée Emperour it is thought shée holpe to dispatche Caesar before his time who had the title of Augustus giuen him a thing neuer done before to any Romane not onely for augmentyng and encreasing the Empire of Rome but also for the deâ—â—nation and destinie by which it was assigned vnto him And after hée had shutte the gates of Ianus temple for that a generall peace folowed through out the world he disposed himself to set good orders in the citie and made many good lawes for the preseruation of the same in the whiche time diuerse tokeÌ„s appeared of the coÌ„ming of a greater Prince than he the Prince of Princes king of kings who was borne into this worlde in his time to the glory of God in the highest and the peace of the earth to men of good will. The great enuie that Iulius Caesar his great vncle had procured neuer fell vpon him either bicause men were weary of tumultes or for that they saw such modestie in him as he would attempt no such matter that was so odious that is to say to be called a kyng Eyther for that both he and the people had in memorie the malâ—diction cursing of the old Decrée against al theÌ„ that should bring in the name of a king againe which his father Iulius did not vtterly refuse or for that he passed not of the name hauing the rule or for that the name of Emperour was then so great as Dictator was wont to be whiche before was no otherwise than a gratification of the Soldiours to their Capitayne when he had stroken a battell manfully and slaine ten thousand enimies at which time it was lawfull for him to be called Imperator as among all other Cicero was in Asia when he ouercame the Amanianes at Isso where Darius was ouercome of Alexander The which name hath continued euer since to that soueraine Magistrate as well when the whole Empyre was in the hands of one Monarche as when it was diuided into twoo the one of the East and the other of the Weast The which beganne with Charles the Great and hath continued vnto Râ—dulphus that now is Emperour among the Germane nation in the weast Empire and ended in the East about us yeares since when the Citie of Constantinople was taken by Mabumetes the sonne of Amuretes that made himselfe a Turkishe Monke and the Emperour Constantine slayne and all the villanie in the worlde shewed to the poore Christians So as to him that will haue a Register of the whole number of Emperours reckening Iulius Caesar for the first shall finde them to be 118. Whereof 42. haue bene Germanes FINIS A Table to the fiue Bookes of the ciuill warres of Rome A. ABoundance in Pompeyâ— campe pag. â—â—â— Aboundance in Brutus and Cassiuâ— campe pag. 280 Acclamation of Pompeyâ— Souldiours pag. 10â— Acclamation of Brutus and Casâ—â—â— Soldiours pag. 284 Acclamation of the people to â— Caesar pag. 130 Acclamation of reuenge of Caesar pag. 150 Actes of Sulpitus abrogated pag. 37 Actes of Caesar ratified pag. 151 Actes of Caesar briefly rehearsed pag. 250 Actes of Brutus and Cassius pag.
by Antonie pag. 385 Crassus goeth to vvarre against order pag. 372 Crafte of the Parthians pag. 375 Crafte of Cleopatra pag. 381 Crueltie of Antonie pag. 374 D. DAnger of Antonie pag. 380 Death of Cleopatraâ— pag. 396 Death of Antonie pag. 392 Death of Heros pag. 392 Death of Carmium pag. 396 Death of Iris. pag. 396 Death of Caesarion pag. 396 Decree of honours at Athens for Cleopatra pag. 382 Despayre of Antonie pag. 380 DeterminatioÌ„ of vvarre against the Parthians pag. 371 Diuersitie of fight pag. 387 Deuise of Cleopatra to keepe hir froÌ„ inuasion pag. 399 Dotyng of Antonie pag. 381 Doubte of Antonie pag. 372 Doubte of Octauius pag. 383 E. EMperour vvhat name pag. 398 Emperours of Antonies issue pag. 307 Enuie eschevved pag. 398 Errour acknovvledged pag. 379 Euill nevves one after an other pag. 390 Euphronius is sent to Octanius pag. 300 Euricles persueth Antonie pag. 383 Exaction of money pag. 388 Execration agaynst Crassus pag. 372 F. FAyre figges deceyueth the garde pag. 395 Feare of Antonies furie is fled by Cleopatra pag. 393 Feare of Antonie pag. 379 Feastes of the dying forte pag. 300 Fight by sea pag. 387 Folie in Antonie pag. 383 Fondnesse of Antonie pag. 380 Frensie in the Romanes campe pag. 377 Furie of Antonie â–ª pag. 391 G. GArde deceyued pag. 305 Germane Emperours pag. 3â—8 Geminius blamed for truth pag. 384 Geminius is sent from Rome to Antonie pag. 384 Generals part omitted by Antonie pag. 375 Giftes of Antonie pag. 370 Giftes of Cleopatra pag. 3â—1 Good counsell not accepted of Antonie pag. 386 Good offer refused pag. 373 Greeke Emperours pag. 398 Griefe of Antonie pag. 392 Grace comely in the vvasted corps of Cleopatra pag. 394. H. â–ª HAte hyndreth pag. 374 Heros Antonies man killeth himselfe pag. 3â—2 Hearbes venemouse pag. 3â—â— Herode king of Iurie forsaketh Antonie pag. 390 Horsemen forsake Antonie pag. 3â—2 Horsemen repulsed pag. 391 I. IAnus temple shutte for peace vniuersall pag. 3â—â— Iewes kyng killed by Antonie pag. 3â—4 Ielousie of Antonie pag. 3â—2 Imperator hovv the name came pag. 3â—2 Imbassage sente to Antonie from the people of Rome to leaue Cleoparra pag. 384 Iniuries done by Antonie reuenged at last pag. 367 Iriâ— lieth dead by Cleopatra pag. 360 Isiâ— name of a goddesse giuen by Antonie to Cleopatra pag. 3â—â— Iuste iudgement of God the punishment of Antonie pag. â—97 L. LAmentation of Cleopatra pag. 3â—3 Lamentation of Antonie pag. 377 Last vvordes of Antonie pag. 393 Last vvordes of Cleopatra pag. 3â—9 Last request of Cleopatra pag. 3â—5 Leaue gyuen by Antonie for his men to shifte for themselues pag. 388 Librarie of Pergamo pag. 383 Liberalitie of Antonie pag. 388 Losse of the Romanes pag. 374 Loue losse of all to Antonie pag. 373 Louers mynde in an others body pag. 381 M. MAhuâ—netes taketh Constantinople pag. 3â—8 Marduâ— true to the Romanes pag. 2â—8 Men amased at Antonies madnesse pag. 389 Moneses fleeth to Antonie pag. 373 Modestie of Octauia pag. 373 Moneses vsed by Antonie as Themistocles by the Persian kyng pag. 373 Munificence of Antonie pag. 373 N. NAnie of Antonie at Ephesus pag. 382 Negligence of Antonie pag. 383 Niger messenger from Octania to Antonie pag. 381 Nilus defended by Cleopatra pag. 380 Noyse in Alexandria like to musike in the night pag. 392. Number of Antonies shippes pag. 384 Number of Octauius shippes pag. 384 Number of the Romanes losse pag. 380 Number of the losse of Crassus pag. 372 O. OCtauius bestovveth Cleopatras childreÌ„ one of Antonies sonnes in great fauour vvith Octauius pag. 3â—6 397 Octauius is forbidden to come to Antonie pag. 381 Octauius is put out of Antonies house pag. 383 Octauius vâ—epeth for Antonie pag. 3â—â— Octauius honoreth Arriue a Philosopher pag. 394 Octauius ruleth alone pag. 398 Octauius secketh occasion against Antonie pag. 380 Octauius prouoketh Antonie pag. 385 Orodes king of Parthia killed by his sonne pag. 373 P. PAstime out of tyme pag. 382 Phraata citie belieged pag. 374 Pictures of Cleopatra saued pag. 3â—6 Plenty soden cause of snifâ—â—te pag. 380 Playes exhibited to Antonie Cleopatra pag. 382 Plague vpon Antonie pag. 367 Pompey a please vvife pag. 372 Policie of the Romanes pag. 377 Progresie of Antonie and Cleopatra pag. 382 Player of Antonie pag. 377 Prounces giuen to Cleopatra pag. 374 R. REquestes of Cleopatra and Antonie pag. 300 Recorders part playde by Antonie pag. 382 Revvardes of Cleopatra pag. 380 Renuyng of â—â—ot by Antonie pag. 300 Reuengment of Antony pag. 307 Romanes fleeth from Antonie pag. 384 Romanes great loâ—â—e pag. 380 Romanes praysed of the Parthians pag. 37â— Rude dealyng of Antonie pag. 3â—â— Ruyne of Antonie pag. 388 S. SEpulchre of Cleopatra pag. 301 Seconde chalenge of Antonie agaynst Octauius pag. 301. Scornful message of Antonie pag. 301 Sight pitifull pag. 393 Science of Antonie pag. 388 Slacknesse of Antonie pag. 383 Soldiours good opinion of Antonie pag. 289 Soldiours great loue to Antonie pag. 377 Sonâ—â— sayer vvarneth Antonie pag. 371 Suspition agaynst Cleopatra pag. 391 T. TAtiâ—nus killed pag. 374 Testament of Antonie pag. 383 Timoâ—es Tabernacle pag. 390 Tunon of Athens vvho for his inhumanitie vvas called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 an hater of men and he made this Epitaphe of himselfe After a poore and wretchâ—d life so here in graue like Aske not my name and so the Goddes O reader thee destroy pag. 300 Token to Octauius pag. 387 Tokens of the comming of Christ pag. 3â—0 Tokens to Crassus pag. 372 Treasure of Antonye spoyled pag. 379 Triumph of the king of 〈…〉 pag. 380 Triumph displeasâ—nt pag. 380 Trust fayleth in aduersitie pag. 38â— V. VAyne loue pag. 373 Vanitie of Antony pag. 374 Ventidius is sent by Antony to triumph at Rome pag. 373 Ventidius plagueth the Parthians pag. 373 Victory of Octauius Caesar by sea againste Antonie pag. 380 Victory of small importance pag. 375. 380 VV. VVAnt in the Romanes Camp. pag. 377 VVater salt hurtfull pag. 377 VVarre proclaymed pag. 384 VVant of Octauius pag. 383 VVarning vvoulde not serue Antony at none of his friends pag. 383. 385 VVine remedie against melancoly pag. 377 VVords of Antony at his death pag. 393 VVofull end of Antony pag. 393 VVofull end of Crassus pag. 372 VVords of Cleopatra pag. 3â—5 X. Xenophon his army of tenne thousande oft remembred of Antony by an acclamation after â—â—â—â— sort Oh the tenne thousande bycause vvith them onely Xenophon passed vvithoute hurt as long a vyay as the Romanes vvent pag. 378 FINIS Faultes escaped in the printing of the Bookes of Ciuill vvarres Page Line Faulte Correction 1 18 for should reade shall 3 35 Liabia â—â—byâ— 4 1 Duke of Loma guife of Ionia 4 vlt. Colligant Colligauit 5 20 of that of them that 12 13 Paperius Papirius 16 33 pastune pasture 25 25 Hirsians Hirpians 29 17 Falernio Falerno 32 16 Caâ—ne Canne 38 21 Cithegus Cethegus 50 17 meanes malice 54 14 warres wayes 69 vlt. Garinus Garganus 70 â— birdes burdens 73 20 Cateline Catiline 83 35
nations that they toke or recouered and the long time of fortie yeares and the boldnesse and paynesulnesse of Mithridates mightie as appeared at all assayes He had aboue foure hundreth Shippes of his owne He had fiftie thousand Horsemen and two hundred and fiftie thousande footemen engines and munition accordingly Kings and Princes were his confederates The Armenian the Sâ—ythian and Pontus and the fenne of Mâ—otis and from thence to the streightes of Thracius He sente to the Romane Captaynes that were at warre togither and to stirre Spayne against them he made amitie with the French to moue agaynste Italy He filled the Sea with Pirates from Cilicia to the pillers of Hercules whiche made that no trafficke nor sayling could bée from one Citie to another and wrought a great famine in euery place And generally he lefte nothing vndene or vndeutied that coulde be done to stirre vp the greatest motion among all men from the East to the Weast For either they made warre or sent ayde or robbed or vexed their neyghbours This warre was variable and in the end brought the Romanes to greatest dominions for by this their rule stretched from the West to the floud Euphrates It was not easie for me to deuide it by seuerall nations being done togither and one wrapped with another Those that could be separated be told particularly The Greekes thinke that the Thracians did serue at Troy vnder Rhesus and that Rhesus was killed by Diomedes in the night the whiche matter Homere telleth in his Verses and that they fledde to the month of Pontus which is most streight to sayle into Thracia and that they that wanted Shippes did remaine there and tooke the lande named Bebrycia They that had shippes wente beyonde Byzance to that part of Thracia called Bithinia and did inhabite at the floude Bithia and being driuen by famine returned to Bebricia and named it Bithinia in stead of Bebricia of the floud at the whicheÌ„ they dwelled and so the name not vnlike in time to be changed bycause there is not much difference betwéene Bebricia and Bithinia So do some thinke Other suppose that Bythis the sonne of Iupiter and Thrace did first raigne héere and so the name was gyuen to both the lands This I thought good to shew firste of Bithiania Of the Kings that were before the Romanes in number nine and fortie in order it is méete for me to make some mention in these matters of the Romanes Prusias that was called the hunter married the daughter of Perseus Kyng of Macedonie and the Romanes and Perseus making warre not long after Prusias stoode as neuter Perseus being ouercome he mette with the Romane Captaines wearing a Romane garmente called Toga and hauyng shoes after the Italian manner and hys head shauen wyth a cappe after the whyche manner they goe which be made frée by testamente béeyng an euill fauoured man to beholde and a little shorte one Méeting wyth them he spake in the Romane tong I am a freemade man of the Romanes which they call Libertus He appearing a sighte to be laughed at was sent to Rome where being laughed at also he had pardon Not long after vexing Attalus the King of Asia that is about Pergamo he wasted hys lande in Asia Whyche when the Senate of Rome heard they sente to Prusas that hée shoulde not molest Attalus a friend and confederate to the Romanes And when he thought muche to obey the Embassadours sharply commaunded him to obey the Senate and to come with a thousande Horsemen to the confynes to decide the matter and willed Attalus to bée there with as many He despising the small number that was wyth Attalus and thynkyng he myghte entrappe hym sente hys Embassadoures afore as though he woulde followe with his thousande horse but bringing all his army went as to a battell When Attalus and the Embassadours hearde of it they fledde euerye man where he coulde He tooke the carriage of the Romanes and destroyed the towne of Nicephorâ— and burned the Shippes that were there and beséeged Attalus in Pergamo When the Romanes heard of thys they sente other Embassadoures who commaunded Prusias to restore Attalus his losses Then Prusias was afrayde and obeyed and wente hys waye The payne that they put vpon him was this that hée shoulde presently gyue hym twentye armed Shyppes and in time fiftie talentes The Shyppes he gaue out of hande the talentes he payde in time He was hated of his subiects for his crueltie and his sonne Nicomedes well beloued of the Bithinians Wherefore Prusias suspecting him sent him to lyue at Rome And vnderstandyng that he was well beloued there he wylled hym to obteyne of the Senate a release of the money he ought to Attalus and sent Mena to deale with him and commaunded Mena that if he coulde gette hym discharged of the money he shoulde spare Nicomedes but if he coulde not he should kill him Hée sente to thys purpose certayne greate Shyppes and two thousande Souldyoures Mena bycause the penaltie was not forgiuen for Attalus hadde sente Andronicus to tell that the payne was lesse than the spoyle neyther durst hyll the yong man whome he sawe to be worthy to be loued and honoured nor goe agayne into Bythinia The yong man knowing of his tarrying came to talke with him with his good will and conspired againste Prusias and tooke to their practise the Embassadour of Attalus that he should persuade him to get Nicomedes to the Kingdome of Bythinia They met togither in Bernice a little Citie of Epirus In the nighte they wente into a Shippe there they consulted what was to be done and were secrete all nighte When day was come Nicomedes came forth of the Ship cladde with a Kings robe of purple with a crowne on his head Andronicus méeting with him saluted him as King and sent him forth with fiue hundreth Souldioures which he had ready Mena dissembling as though he had not séene Nicomedes till then ranne to the two thousand as though he had bin discontented Béeyng come to the talke he sayde You haue two Kinges the one at home the other going on You must néedes foresee safetie and coniecture your well doing as in this to establish you securitie by well appoynting whych of the two you will haue raigne The one is olde the other is yong The Bithinians hate the olde but they loue the yong and the chiefe of the Romanes loue this yong man and Andronicus being his defendoure hath promised Attalus friendship hauyng a greate Kyngdome ioyning to Bithinia and an olde enimie of Prusias When he had sayde thus and withall declared the crueltie of Prusias and what mischiefe he had done to all men and the common hatred of the Bithinians againste him and perceyued that they abhored the wickednesse of Prusias he ledde them strayght to Nicomedes and was the seconde after Andronicus that called him King and garded him with two thousand Attalus receyued
prouoke the Romanes into hate of the Embassadors They fel vpon the earthe and with their hands and heads did beate it some tore their garments and defiled their bodies as driuen beside themselues When the passion was paste a great silence and astonishmeÌ„t appeared as though they had bin dead The Romanes were amazed and the Consulls knew they were stricken wyth the strange commandement wold be in that passion for a time perceiuing very well that greatest griefs doe strike most vehemently at the first but in time necessitie causeth boldnesse to obey Thus were the Carthaginians asflicted and with their silence féeling greater matter they ceased their disdainefulnesse fel to wéeping and lamenting themselues and their children and their wiues by name and their Country as though it hadde hearde them as a man speaking many lamentable things The priests called vppon their holy things and their Gods as thoughe they had bin present laying their destruction vppon them There was a confused and miserable mourning of them that broughte both publique and priuate things that it made the Romaynes themselues to wéepe The Consulls were also stricken wyth suche humaine mutation and with seuere manner abode the fulnesse of the matter When they had ceased wéeping they waxed silent again considering that their city was naked and vnarmed hauing neither ship sword dart nor engine nor meÌ„ sufficient to resist .l. M. being destroyed of late straungers ayde had they none nor friend nor confederate nor tyme Their enimies had all their children their armour their land and came armed againste their Citie with Shyppes footmen engines and horse 〈◊〉 another enimye was at their sides They refraâ—d from rage and choller as nothing profiting in calamities They turned againe to reasoÌ„ And Hanno that is called Gylla obtaining 〈◊〉 to speak said thus If there be any regarde with you O Romanes of oure former spéeches we would speake not as they that can bring forth any thing to â—ustiâ—e vs for there is no resistaunce in tyme to the afflicted but that you maye learne it is not without reason or cause that you shoulde haue pittie of vs We hauing dominion in Libya and the sea haue manye times contended with you for the Soueraintie and aâ— length gaue place to Scipio when we deliuered our ships and Elephants to you and agréed to giue you tribute and gaue them in time Then forthe Gods â—hâ—t be iudges spare vs spare vs also for the othe that Scipio made vs that the Romanes should be friends and consederates to the Carthaginians There is not wherein we haue offended we haue neither ships nor Elephants nor haue lefte oure tributes but wée haue taken your part against iij. Kings and it ought not to displease you if wée saide thys before when we deliuered you â—â—r armoure For misery maketh men speake muche nothyng is more strong in supplications â–ª than couenaunts made nor wée haue any other thing for our refuge but words séeyng we haue deliuered to you all oure strength Of these former thinges 〈◊〉 O Romanes was our assuraunce Of the present you Consuls be â—â—â—â—ours and witnesse with vs You required pledges and he brought them to you of the beste sorte You requyred armour and you haue it al which they that are tâ—ken with â—iege wil not willingly deliuer we haue trusted the Romane custome and manner for the â—â—â—nate commaunded vs and you when â—â—u required pledges â—aâ—â—e that 〈◊〉 shoulde be frée when you hadde them but if it were added that we shoulde receyue the reste of the commaundements â–ª it is not right that you affyrmyng in plaine speeche that â—ure Cittie shoulde bee frée after the reâ—â—it of the pledges to appointe the ouerthrowe of Carthage it self If you thinke you may desiroy it how can you giue it libertie or to be of it selfe as you say This wée haue to saye of the former league and of that your selues haue donâ— If thys will not be accepted of you wée gyue ouer all and that which is onely lefte to men in miserye we flée to complainte and prayer Much prayer is requisite for the multitude of euills Wée béeseeche you for the auntient Citie inhabited by the Oracle of the Gods and for the great glorie that it had and the name that is spred ouer all the earth and for the holy things that be so manye in it and for the Goddes that haue not offended whose solemnities pompes and feastes do not spoile nor the sepultures and funeralls since none of the deade men haue done you anye iniurie If any pitie be in you saying you pitie vs if you suffer vs to haue dwelling place spare the place of publique assemblye spare the Countrey Ceremonies spare the God of Counsell and all other that to them that be aliue be fruiteful and honorable What néede you haue anye feare of Carthage when you haue oure Shippes armoure and our Elephantes that be enuied Touching our habitation if you wil so comfort vs is it impossible for men that haue liued in the sea to dwel in y maine land of them an infinite number doth occupy the sea We giue you a choice more for our contentation and your glorie Suffer the Cittie to stande â–ª that hathe hurte none of you and kill vs whom you woulde haue remoue So shall you séeme to be angry with men and not with holy things Gods and Sepulchres and the Cittie that hathe not offended You Romanes haue had regard of good fame and rightwisenesse in all your workes and you shewe modestie in prosperitie add this you vse toward all that you take Remembre Iupiter and the other Goddes that yet haue Carthage and doe not bring euills vppon you and youre children do not blotte your good fame first vppon vs nor deface youre glorye wyth suche an acte euill to be done and euill to bée hearde of and begon first of you afore all other lyuing There haue béene manye warres betwéene the Gretians and the Barbarians and manye béetwéene you Romanes and others yet was there neuer anye that defaced a Citye giuing their handes afore fight and deliuering theyr armour and children and if there be any hurte in the worlde to sufer it patiently Bringing to you the Goddes sworne the fortune of man and the moste fearfull Goddes of reuengeaunce to them that be in felicitie Wée beséeche you not to dishonoure your selues vpon our state that hath prospered neyther to bring youre felicitie into infamye giue vs leaue if you will not suffer vs to haue oure Cittie to sende Embassadoures againe to the Senate to make intercession You sée a little distance of time but bringing an heape of long torments in a shorte while for the duety of the thing to come For it is in youre power to doe what you will either nowe or shortly after Let pittie and humanitie be present with you This said Hanno The Consulls euidently séemed sad all the while he spake bycause they could graunt them nothing and
he sawe the Parthians fetching their compasse and seeking to stoppe his waye hée commaunded the token of fight to be giuen and the campe to be leauied not as though he woulde fight but marche He passed by the Barbarians who were sette like a crescent commaunding the horsemen that when the footemen were so nigh as they mighte fight that the horsemen should turne vpon them The Parthians did iudge the Romaines order to be better by reason and behelde them marching wyth equall distaunce quietlye and with silence shaking their weapons When the token was giuen and they went on with shoute the horsemen turned vppon the enimie who receyued them with defence although they were within the shotte But when the footemen came with crye clashing of armour the horsemen of the Parthians gaue place with disorder and fledde before they came to handes Antonie followed the chase hauing greate hope to make an ende eyther of the whole warre or of a great part of it when they had folowed the chase the footemen sixe miles and the horsemenne thrice so muche They found no more taken but thirtie nor no more slayne but foure scoure euerye manne thinking it an harde case that they hauing victorye shoulde kyll so fewe and loosyng theyr Engines with so manye When they were ouercome they fell into a greate discourage and doubte of themselues The next daye they passed to Phraartes Campe and by the waye founde first a fewe enimies then more at last all as inuincibly and not to be hurte they prouoked him euerye where set vpon him so as hardly and with muche adoe the Romanes went to their Campe. And where they of the Citie hadde mace a sallie and put some of the Romanes from their trenche Antony was so angry as he punished euery tenth maÌ„ by death according to the deserte taking euery tenth by lotte that hadde forsaken his place and to the other insteade of wheate hée gaue barley The warre was painefull to bothe and the continuance more fearefull Antonie perceyuing hunger would folowe for he coulde get no forage without death and hurte of his souldiors Phraates knowing the Parthians had rather doe any thing than to lie in fielde and in an other land in the winter was afraide that if the Romanes did hold out and tarry that they woulde leaue hym the ayre begynning to chaunge and the time of equall day and night being at hande he deuised this crafte The best of the Parthians vsed the Romanes more gently in their foraging and other encounters suffering them to carry away some things and praysing their vertue as of men moste valiaunt in warre and in great estimation with their king as they were wel worthy And by this meane comming nearer togither and suffring the horsemenne to passe spake euill of Antonie bicause Phraates woulde gladly haue peace and spare so good and so many menne that had giuen none occasion but that he would tarry and abide two gret and harde enimies that is Winter and Hunger from the whiche they coulde hardely escape thoughe the Parthians would suffer them Many declaring this to Antonie and he deceiued by this hope deferred to sende an Heraulte to the Parthians king till he knewe of those wel willing Barbarians if they spake so muche with the Kings consent They affirming and promising that he ought not doubt nor dreade he sent one of his friendes againe requiring to receiue the ensigns the Captiues that he might not be thought altogither to saue himselfe and to escape The Parthians aunswering be shoulde not passe of that but if he did departe he shoulde haue peace and safete â—â— and by wherefore wythin fewe dayes he brake vppe and went his way And whereas he was eloquent in perswading and was wente to 〈…〉 the people and the armye by hys orations now for shame and heauinesse he omitted to speake to the multitude and commaunded Domitius Aenobarbus to do it Some were angry as though he despised them but the more parte were content and perceyued the matter therefore thought the rather to graunt and obey their Generall Béeing aboute to leade them the playne and barren waye a man that by kinde was called Mardus acquainted with the Parthian fashion faithfull to the Romanes and at the fielde of the engins came to Antonie and willed him to flée on the right hand of the hills and not to caste his armye laden with harnesse and weary with iourneys to suche a mighte of horse and shorte and that Phraates vnder shewe of beneuolence went aboute to entâ—aâ— him and that he woulde leade hym a shorter way in she whiche he shoulde haue sufficiencie of all things When Antonie heard this he tooke counsel and said he would not séeme too distruste the Parthians touching the peace but for the shortnesse of the way and the plentifull Townes inhabited hée praysed Mardus and requyred saith of him He offred to be be and till he brought them into Armenia Being bound he ledde them .ij. days very quietlie The which done Antony not looking for y Parthians and going negligently bycause of his boldenesse Marde sawe the banke of the floud newe broken and much water enterunning the place where they shoulde passe He knewe it was the Parthians worke to make their way the harder and to set that floude as an impdeiment vnto them and willed Antonie to 〈…〉 about him for the ennimie was not farre off Whiles he set hys men in order and commaunded the shotte to encounter with the beholde the Parthians appeared and came as they woulde haue compassed and dissolued the army The shotte comming vppon them and hurte being done on both sides they retyred and after came againe Then the French horsmen encountred with them and putte them backe so as that day they did no more attempte By this Antonie learning what he shoulde do he placed manye shotte not onely at the taileâ— out one she sides leadyng the armye in a square commaunding the horsemen to putte backe the ennimies but not to followe them too farre So the Parthians in these foure dayes hauyng done no more hurte than receiued waxed flowe and entended to goe their waye making Wynter their pretence The fifth daye Flauius Gallus a good Souldioure and a forwarde in feates of warre required Antonie to giue him some shotte for hys rerewarde and horsmen for hys fore warde and he woulde do a good seruice He gaue him and he kept backe the ennimies But nowe not returning to the footemen as he did before but following and fighting with more courage when the leaders of the â—aile saw him go too far they called hym backe but he would not They say Titius did take the Ensigne to turne him backe and rebuke Gallus that woulde lose so manye and so good men and that he rebuked him agayne and badde him medle with his owne matters and so Titius went his way Gallus setting vppon the face
of them was compassed at the backe and being besette rounde aboute sente for more helpe They bringing the footemen among the whiche was Canidius a man in great fauour with Antonie who séemed to committe a greate erroure for he oughte to haue broughte forthe the whole battaile and to haue sent them forth in bands one ready to help another whiche being too weake to haue supplied more they perceyued not that it wanted but little that the whole army was not putte to the worste and to flight if Antonie hadde not by and by brought the legions and set them in the face of them and the third legion had not passed among them that fledde and stayed the enimie from further chase There was slaine no lesse than thrée thousande and there came to their tentes wounded fyue thousande And Gallus among them shotte thorowe with four arrowes coulde not be healed of his woundes The other Antonie went about and comforted and wyth teares bad them be of good cheare but they chearfully taking him by the hande prayed hym to comfort himselfe not to be diseased calling him Chiefe Generall saying they were well if he were whole for generally there was no captain y led a more noble armi â–ª neither in streÌ„gth nor in patience nor in boldnesse in those dayes than he nor more reuerence and obedience with beneuolence of all indifferen lye noble vnnoble Rulers and priuate men was euer giuen to any Captaine than to Antonie preferring hym before their owne liues and health where in he might compare with the auntâ—entâ— Romanes Diuers causes were of this â–ª as we haue saide gentlenesse eioquenâ—e plainenesse â–ª liberalitie and magnificence courtesie in myrth and spéeche and for that he woulde pitie and comforte the sicke and giue what they néeded he made the sicke and the hurte the more assured to him The enimies for this victorie were in suche a pride thoughe they were weary and almost refusing the fight contemning the Romanes as that night they encamped hard by them thinking straight to haue spoiled the voide tents and sacked the money of them being fled When day was come they were many more and they saye they were not lesse than fortie thousande horsemenne the King sending still more vnto them as to a sure and certaine victorie but he was not with them whither they wonne or lost When Antonie shoulde speake to the souldioures he woulde haue a blacke garment that he might the more be pitied but his friends not suffering it he came in a Captaines purple robe and spake vnto theÌ„ praysing theÌ„ that had done well and dispraysing them that fledde of the whiche some prayed him to be of good comforte some conâ—essed their faulte and offered to be punyshed euery tenth man or any other waye to chastice them onely they prayed him to cease his sorrowe and grieâ—e Then holding vppe his hands he prayed the Goddes that if therâ— were any reuenge towarde for hys former felicitie that it mighte lighte on hym and that the reste of the armye mighte haue healthe and victorye The nexte day they marched better guarded and the Parthians that followed were much decâ—iued of their purpose â–ª for where they thought to come to spoile and pray and not to fight beyng resisted with great chéerefulnesse of the souldieures â–ª they were wearie againe And as the Romanes went down certaine hills they came vpon them and they made a sharpe shotte â–ª The Target men turned vpon them and couered their shotte with their shielâ—â—s for the Targets hid them easily they knéeling on their knées They that stoode behind defended them with their armor and so did the other This manner of forme bowing alike euery way made a figure of a Theatre and it is the surest waye to auoyde shotte the arrowes sliding away The Parthians thinking the stouping of the Romanes vpon their knées had bin for heaâ—e and thirst vnbent their â—owes and with their spears came nigâ— â–ª theÌ„ then the Romanes rising â—odaiâ—ly with a crie set vpon them and wringing their weapons out of their handes killed the foremost of them and made all the other to runne away The like was done other dayes They giuing little way and famine falling into the army little meaâ—e being had biâ—ause of their often fights wanting â–ª Milles to grinde their corne being loste wyth the engines for they were lefte behinde and bicause many of the beasts were killed the sicke and wounded men were borne So as they say an Athens bushel of wheate was worth fiftie drams and barley was worth the waighte in siluer Then being driuen to hearbs and rootes some they â—ound of the vsuall sorte â–ª but being compelled to proue them that were vnknowne they first lighted vpon an hearbe that brought death with a maddenesse For he that eate it remembred nothing nor knew nothing Only one thing they did moue and turne a stone as a thing of great waighte to be done The fielde was full of them that stowped to the grounde and digged and remoued stones At length vomiting their choller they dyed when wine whiche was the only remedy was spent many being deade and the Parthians not ceassing They say y Antonie many times cried O the tenne thousande praising them that with Xenophon did go a farre longer way from Babilon and fighting many battells saued themselues The Râ—â—thians could not draw them asunder nor breake their order and being diuers times put to the worse they â—â—ed waxing quiet againe then they gotte among them that went for forage shewyng the strings of their bowes loose they said they would retire and make an ende of their chase A â—ewe Medians folowed â—et a daye or two doing no hurte but onely guarding the towns of Media By these wordes they gaue salutations and went oâ— with gentlenesse in so much as the Romanes were chéerefull agayne whiche when Antonie hearde hée sayde he would go by the playne rather than the hylles where was lacke of water And mindyng thus to doe one named Miâ—hridâ—ies came from the enimies beyng cousine to Moneso that had bene with Antonie and had the three Citties gyuen hym and desired some mighte come to hym that coulde speake the Parâ—hiâ—n or Median tongue And Alexander of Antiochia in credâ—â—â— with Antonie beyng sente to hym hée sayde that he was come to yéelde thankes for Monesus and asked Alexander if â—ee sawe those highe and long hylles before hym and when he sayde he did vnder them sayde hée the Parthians lie in wayte for you with all their army This greate fielde stretcheth to those hilles and they thinke that beyng deceyued by them you will leaue the way by the hilles bycause there is thirst and labour but if Antonie goâ— this way lette him knowe to fall in Crassus calamitie Antonie beyng troubled when he harde this conferred with his friendes and Mardus the guyde of the way who thought no lesse he knewe
disturbed The Gâ—â—tas â—e a people of Sythia in Europe The name novv â—â— turned into the Thracians Antony deuiseth to stoppe the creation of a Dictator Dolobella kept out Ephesus novv â—ogliâ— iâ— Ionâ—â— Dolobella taketh Sâ—yrâ—s 〈…〉 killed and â—pâ—ghtfully vsed Trebonius one of the consâ—itaâ—ors vvâ—â— the first that vvaâ— killed 〈…〉 novv 〈…〉 Senate vvorketh â—eâ—â—etly against Antony 〈…〉 shevv◠〈…〉 of houâ—es as vvel proâ—â—nâ— aâ— holy 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 Antony The 〈…〉 of â–ª Antony in â—â—uour of Octauinus Antony reâ—â—â—eth Reconciliation of Antony and Octauiâ—â— The Senate taketh a â—â—ardâ— â–ª 〈◊〉 novve â—â—â—â—â—eth for Antony Tribunes corrupted 〈◊〉 â–ª The people mindeth to make Octauius 〈◊〉 Antony againste Octauius agaâ—â— Sedition procured The oration of the Capitaynes to Antony Antonius 〈…〉 to the Captaynes Nevv despightâ— of Antony against Caesar Caesar exclaymeth agaynste Antony Antonyes armye at Brunduse discontented Antonyes goyng to Brunduse suspected to Caesar Octauius goeth to make men Celatia in Latio Silio Casâ—ilinum in Campania not farre from Capua Feare in the Citie 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â— Tribune â–ª 〈◊〉 yoâ—â— Casar against Antony Octauius to the people Octauius army goeth from him 〈◊〉 giueth 〈◊〉 to the souldyoures Octauius armye returneth to him Arâ—uum a Citie in Tuscane thirty myles from Florence Antony offended vvith the Souldioures A mutiny in Antonyes Camp. The Souldyoures laught at the miserie of Antony T 〈…〉 〈…〉 a â–ª 〈…〉 y in 〈…〉 ng Antony to his Souldyoures Arimeno in 〈◊〉 â–ª Tvvo legion â–ª reuolte to Octauius froÌ„ Antony Tiburâ— novv Tâ—uolâ— The Senatoures and Citizens svvorne to Antony Antonies armye â–ª Lepidus â–ª Asinius Pollio Plancus The Senate mistaked oâ— Octauius us and Antony bothe A â—heâ—re of fight by tvvoo legions Antony vvarneth Decimus oute of his Prouince Mutina a Citie in Lumbarâ—y rovv Modena Decimus taketh Modena for hys defence Cicero againste Antony Lucius Piso againste Cicero Senate againste Antony Adâ—ra againste Antony Saluius Honours giuen to Octanius Cicero against Antony Piso against 〈…〉 The decrees of Cuerâ— against Amony Dolabella declared a rebel The ansvvere of Antony to the decree Antony to the Senate Antony to Cicero Antony condeâ—ned The povver of Marcus Brutus in Asia Macedonia and Slauonia Demeatride a tovvne in Thesâ— salie that vvas called Pagasa novve Demeatrida Syria appoynted o Cassius VVhen hey 〈…〉 〈◊〉 to the souldiours 〈…〉 〈…〉 of 〈◊〉 one of 〈…〉 oâ— Italy and 〈…〉 and 〈◊〉 Cicero ruleâ—h all at Rome Ventidius maketh Rome afraid and Cicero to flee Cicero fleeth La Mâ—â— ca de â–ª Ancona the couÌ„try of Ancona Carsuleius The stratageâ—â—â— of Antony The notable fighte of the Martiall legion againste tvvo of Antonies and the tvvo chiefe handes of Antony and Octauius This battell is declared in the tenth booke of 〈◊〉 hys EPâ—stles Pansa the 〈…〉 Exercise Hirtius The fight vvith Hirtius 〈…〉 men 〈…〉 uâ—rthâ— ovven The horse men of Antony 〈…〉 t s â—he 〈…〉 â–ª 〈…〉 â—â—ayâ—â— Deâ—mâ—â—◠〈…〉 to O 〈…〉 Octauius aunsvvere to â—â—cimus Th 〈…〉 〈…〉 e oâ—â—â—ly 〈…〉 to the S 〈…〉 nâ—y S 〈…〉 o◠〈…〉 â—â—yâ—s Decimus made generall 〈…〉 〈…〉 Pansa the Consul dyeth The Consuls buryed honourably Cecilius Bassus Iulius Sextus The mutiny of the army in Syria Inlius kylled Sextius Murcus Minutius Crispus Bythinia in Asia the lesse nexte troy Casâ—ius obteyned the Legions Albienus Palestina nexte India and Arabia Cassius Lord of tvvelue Legions â—aâ—dicea a noble Citie in Asia â—igh the â—â—ond â—yâ—us Pâ—â—â—us getteth legions in Macedonia Brutus the geÌ„â—le Octaâ—â—us desireth Triumph â–ª The Senate denyeth Triumph 〈◊〉 Caesar vseth Antonyes Souldioures vvell Octaâ—ius Caesar practiâ—eth vvith Ventidius Antonyes friende Octauius saying to Decius a Captayne of Antonyes Octauius dealeth vvith Iepidus and Asinius Octauius praâ—â—â—â—e vvith Antonyes friends Decimus army after â—â—â—ger 〈…〉 for plenty Plancus â—oyneth vvith Decimus A creation of tenne men in Rome â—â—diâ—t of tenne men Octaâ—ius requireth to be Consull vvith Cicero The ambition of Cicero Cicero is laughed â—â— Culeo suffereth Antony to passe the mountaines Practâ—se betvvene Antony Lepidus The tenth legioÌ„ beganne to reuoâ—te from Lepidus â–ª Laterensis Lepidus souldioures lets in Antony Antony and Lepidus agâ—ee 〈◊〉 â—athe greate povver againe Alteration in Rome The Senate seÌ„deth Lucius and Pansa to Brutus and Cassius The feare of the Senate Nevve Caesar chosen lieâ—tenaÌ„t to Decimus Caesar stirreth his souldioures againste the Senate Senate sendeth to the souldiâ—â—◠〈◊〉 〈◊〉 his souldioures againste the Senate 〈◊〉 desireth to be declared 〈◊〉 by the souldioures Consulls vnder age Coruinus Scipio The Senate rebuketh the souldioures Octauius â—oâ—th against the 〈◊〉 The feare at Rome Alteration in Rome Cicero not seeâ—â— Inconstancie 〈◊〉 the Senate Cicero seene agayne Tvvo Legions â—â—â—iue agayne Caesars mother and sister sought for Mount Quirinale one of the seuen hilles of Rome Mutation in Rome Honour gyuen to Octauian Legions of the Senate goe to Caesar Octauius Cornutus himself Cicero 〈◊〉 Light credite to a vayne rumor Ancona Acilius Crassus Octauius dealing in the Cities Octauius and Q. Pedius Consuls A token of xii Vultures Curâ—â— Phratri◠〈◊〉 〈◊〉 against the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Caesar â–ª Many condeâ—ned for Caesars death Q â–ª Gallius condemned 〈◊〉 councell â–ª P 〈…〉 Cae 〈…〉 Plancus reconcyled vvith Antony Decimus is driueÌ„ to flee and hys army forsaketh him Rauenna Aquileia Râ—nâ— is a floud in Italy that runneth not farre from 〈◊〉 Decimus forsakeÌ„ 〈◊〉 is taken vvith the eues Camillus Barbarous 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is killed of one Camillus by the commaundemente of 〈◊〉 Minutiâ—â— Basilâ—â— killed of his ovvne men 〈◊〉 is â— condemnation 〈◊〉 lavve to kill men vvheresoeuer they be founde 〈…〉 t o 〈…〉 e. A 〈…〉 es 〈◊〉 〈…〉 o Novv Narbona Cities of Italy deuided to spoyle Tokens in Rome A rare example of a Southsayer Equites Miserie of Rome 〈◊〉 Consull dyeâ—â— Publius Tâ—tius propoundeth the nevv rule of the three men 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 vvas the name among the Lacedemonians â–ª vvhich vvere rulers of Cities and Castels Encrease of condemned meÌ„ Revvards The Proclamation of the three men 〈…〉 〈…〉 Revvardes Lepidus coÌ„deâ—neth his brother Antony coÌ„demneth his â—â—â—lâ— Thoranius tutor to Caesar condeÌ„ned Cont 〈…〉 to 〈…〉 mitie God vvoulde haue it so Sylla â–ª Marius 〈…〉 Authoritie of Tribunes 〈…〉 the Tâ—â—bâ—â—â— kylled 〈…〉 killed that vvas a Preâ—â—â— Reuerence outâ— of tyme Annalis kylled A vvicked soâ— kylled Choranius killed by the sure of hys sonne Cicero kylled Cicero cannot abide the sea sickenesse and retourneth The Author goeth to see Cicero his house in the countrey Cicero vvarned by Crovves A Shomaker â—e vvrayeth Cicero 〈…〉 oâ—e saued by Cicero kylleâ—â— hym The orations of Cicero called Philippica Poâ—◠〈◊〉 made to carrye Antony the nevvs of 〈…〉 deathe 〈◊〉 done to 〈◊〉 kyllyng of Cicero After that Augustus had the rule of all â—ounde one of hys Nephevves vvyth a booke in hys hande vvhyche vvas of Ciceroes making the child vvas afraide to shevve it but he vvoulde needes see it reade it and sayd Child this mâ—nne vvas learned and a loâ—er
they say Philoctetus vvas bitten of a Serpent and dyed Antony Antoâ—â—eâ— Camp. Thaso an I le and a Citie ouer-against the floud Nâ—ssus Antonies Camp. The number of bâ—â—â— aâ—uies VV 〈…〉 to 〈…〉 and 〈…〉 campe Antonies polliey paâ—nefulnesse Antony maketh a vvay in the Fenne Bâ— vvhat occaâ—â—on the patteâ—â— begâ—nne Câ—sar absent for a dreame The â—â—rie of Antony â—he fight at 〈…〉 〈…〉 taketh the Campe of 〈…〉 〈…〉 take 〈…〉 The 〈…〉 Casâ—iâ—â— coâ—â—aÌ„ded Pindarus to kyll hym Some thinke Câ—sâ—iâ—â— kylled himselfe vvyrâ— the dagger th 〈…〉 â— â–ª he killed Caesar Cassius iâ— kylled on his byrth day Brutus â—an â—teth the death oâ— Casâ—â—â—◠〈…〉 a 〈…〉 the same dâ—ye that the 〈…〉 vvas at 〈…〉 A light on the 〈…〉 〈…〉 by â—ea to 〈…〉 Câ—sâ—â— Caluinus Oration of â—â—â—tus Antones Oration Casars men take an hill 〈…〉 in the campe of Casar and 〈…〉 〈…〉 the north 〈…〉 of Pâ—lopoâ—â—â—â— Antonie prouoketh 〈…〉 to fight â—â—â—â—esie in a 〈…〉 is hinâ—â—â—â—â—◠〈…〉 beareth of purpose â—â—utâ—s one râ—â—led like Pompey The 〈…〉 Caesar and Antony to their 〈◊〉 Nature and Countrey forgotten Tvvo Eagles A token before the fight The vehemeÌ„â—iâ— of Souldioures 〈…〉 Lucinus acte for to saue Brutus Boldnesse of 〈◊〉 Brutus vvordes meanyng by Antonie vvhom he sayde should once be punished for it Antonies repentance A trenche of dead bodies Brutus men gyueth ouer â—â—ratâ— Brutus â—eyng persuaded to flee sayde yea but vvith hands not vvith sâ—â—tâ— The death of Brutus vvherin it vvâ—s leâ—nâ— that vertue vvas ouercome of Fortune â—â— saying â–ª Overtue vnhappy â–ª â—â— vvordes oâ—ely vviâ—e c. One onely fault of Brutus and Casâ—â—◠〈…〉 vvorthâ— â–ª uâ—â—lâ— of 〈…〉 and Casâ—â—â— The estimation of â—â—utâ—â— and Casâ—â—â— brought calum 〈…〉 The povver of â—â—â—tuâ— and Casâ—â—â— The â—â—â—onâ— in the â—â—â— o 〈…〉 ‑ 〈…〉 The Souldiours 〈…〉 ed vnder Caesar vvere â—â—sty â—o 〈…〉 us The Souldiours more 〈…〉 y to â—â—â—tuâ— and Casâ—â—â— than to Antony Maners of Cassâ—us Maners of Brutus Theyr faulte agaynst Caesar The vvorthynesse of Câ—sâ—â— God punished the death of Caesar â—â— Brutus and Casâ—us Tokeâ—â— to Cassius Tokens to Brutus The vvordes of Patroclus vsed by Brutus The bad Angel of Brutus â— VVork of god Casâ—ius despayreth to â—one Brutus is ouerruled The body of Brutus â–ª 〈…〉 mother o◠〈…〉 〈…〉 ◠〈…〉 gyuen to â—poylâ— â— Casâ—â—us â–ª Câ—â—â— his sonne Labeo A tente for a graue Policie of brethren Poâ—â—â—â— Brutus vviâ—â— Mâ—ssâ—â—â— Corâ—â—â—â—â—o and 〈…〉 reâ—â—ant of thyâ— armye The mightinesse of the armies The fight â—hevved vvhat vvould become of Rome 〈◊〉 in loue â—â—â—th 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Pompey 〈◊〉 depriued 〈◊〉 of Parma 〈◊〉 Ioâ—â—lâ—◠〈◊〉 the y oâ—â—â—â— Thâ—ssâ—â— an Iland in the 〈◊〉 sâ—a M 〈…〉 Aenobarbus Octauian goeth into Italy Antony goeth beyond the sea Lepidus accused Fphesus novv Fâ—lgâ—so a cittye of Ionia vvhere vvas the goodly Temple buylded of AmazoÌ„s Antony pardoneth Pergama a cittie in Asia not far from the floude Caâ—â—â— Troy vvas called by this name Laodicea a citie in Asia vvhose citizen â—eno An toâ—â—â— and Augustus made a king 〈◊〉 to the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to the 〈◊〉 Tributes put vp on the Grecians by â—â—â—ony 〈◊〉 Cassiâ—â— â—â— pâ—â—doned of Antony Priuileges giueÌ„ to the Iyâ—iâ—â—â— Xambâ—anâ— exhorted to restore â—â—â—â—â— cittie â–ª Ilands giuen to the Rhodianâ— called Cladeâ— nigh to 〈◊〉 Iland◠〈◊〉 to the 〈◊〉 Aâ—g 〈…〉 〈◊〉 Aâ—nonâ— vvhere children vvel brought vp proued euill 〈◊〉 is in Asia the lâ—â—â—â— the people â—e called Callâ—◠〈◊〉 〈◊〉 â—â—â—â— part of Syria that is next Arabia ◠〈◊〉 is â—â—â—â— playne of the countrey Antony partiall 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 Clâ—opâ—â—◠〈◊〉 〈◊〉 excuseth â—â—â—â—â—liâ— â–ª â—â—tâ—â—y in â—oue â—â—tâ—â—y â—â—â—e 〈…〉 by Cleopatra Tyrus sometimeâ— an â—â—ande after â—oyued to the land by Alexander The king of Aegypt deade neuer founde The lightnesse of Antony The state of Syria Scaurus 〈…〉 ius â–ª Crassus Antony prâ—â—â—re Octaâ—ioâ— sicke Diuision of Italy to the souldiors 〈…〉 of Italy Iâ—sâ—tiablenesse of Soldiours O 〈…〉 exclâ—i 〈…〉 â—poâ— Antonies Souldiers placed by his friendes Antonie renounced Oppression of Cities Pompeys Aenobarbus and Mur â–ª cus Lordes of the sea Insolencie of Souldiours Theatre the place vvhere they beholde pastyme Insolencie of Souldiours Nonius kylled of the Soldiours Vprore of Soldiours Sufferance and liberalitie of 〈◊〉 Cause of disorder among the Soldiours Discipline corrupted Peâ—â—â—ie and troubles in Rome Lucius taketh parte vvith the old husbandemen Manius counsel Fuluia Antonies vvise stirreth vvarre Begynnyng oâ— suspition Teano a citie â— Fia Appia An other in Apulia Conditions betvvene Caesar Antonies soldiours Preneste novve Pilestrena a Citie in Latio Fuluia fleeth to Lepidus Great resorte to Lucius Manius ansvver sharpe Souldioures of Ancona labour for peace Gabij a people destroyed by Tarquinius Superbus Meeting at Gabij A fight by chance The daye frustrate The vvarre breaketh Lucius povver Caesars povver Antium vvas a Citie in Latio very good vpon the Sea. Lannuuium novv Indoâ—iâ—â— Treasure houses of holy money Tibure novve Tiuoli Nemore not â—arre from Aritia Pompey increaseth 〈◊〉 to 〈…〉 〈…〉 Sea. Pompey loseth 〈…〉 Honor of Pompey Sextius Fagio Fagio killeth himself 〈◊〉 â— Carinas 〈◊〉 troubled all ouer Octâ—iâ—â— to the Senate A letter of 〈◊〉 shevved No conclusioÌ„ of peace Lepidus Gouernoure of the Citie 〈…〉 to Lucius 〈…〉 〈◊〉 of tvvo legions Furnius besegeâ— at Sentia betvveene Campania and 〈◊〉 Lucius entreth the Citie Lepidus fleeth Lucius to the people of Rome Berbatius People forsaketh Lucius Saluidienus Asinius 〈◊〉 Agrippa 〈…〉 oeth to Perugia Occasion of the hinderaunce of Lucius Lucius in distresse Siege of Perugia Caesar encloteth Lucius Tiberis springeth aboute Areâ—â—o and goeth thorough Tursâ—an to Rome novv Tenure Plancus Plancus Lucius povver dieuerereth them selues Paâ—enna fiâ—deth at the gulfe of â—â—nâ—ce Arimeno on the 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 Se 〈…〉 〈…〉 of the 〈…〉 〈…〉 e in Perus â—â—â— â—â—len â—es be the â—rie daye of the aâ—â—neth 〈◊〉 the firste moneth of the yetre I 〈…〉 a sayleth the campe Tumulte in Rome for corne Vâ—ntâ—â— us Fulginie 〈◊〉 connsel Extremitie of sâ—â—uine Misery of slaâ—â—es 〈…〉 fâ—ll 〈…〉 Assaulte of the Trenche The â—erâ—enelle of the fyght Lucius repulsed 〈…〉 enâ—loned to 〈…〉 Lucius to the be â—ieged Ambassadors to Caesar Caesars ansvvere Priuate talke Lucius goeth to Caesar Caesar meeteth vvith Lucius Lucius to Caesar Caesar pardoneth The maruell of both Generalis Lucius rendereth A booke of the number of soldioures Lucius soldiours receiue vvatche vvord of Caesar Souldiours embracing Caesar pardoneth the yong Souldyoures Souldyers â—â—iâ—t crie for pardon Pardon Remanes appeared and vvere vvell vsed for a time Perugians pardoned Captaynes of Perugia killed Sextius setteth the Citie on fire Perugia set on fire Antiquitle of Perugia It vvas first called Viâ—ia Coloniâ— of Vibius a Captayne of the Acheanes that first came thither but the Criaginens of Armenia did build it and of a Griffou vvhich they bare in their standerd called in their language Perugio they called the Citie Perugia Caesar repayred the Citie
and it vvas called Perugia Augusto vvith this in scription Augusto Sacro Perugia restitutâ— â—â—â—cius arâ—y scattered Cameria in Latiâ— Fuluia â—eeth Putzolâ— in Campania Plancus the covvard Caesar taketh Antonyes bands in Lomberdy Antony deteyneth the messengers Antony findeth his vvife Pompey sendeth Iulia Antonyes mother to him honourably Pompeys friends assayed Antony Antonyes aunsvvere Caesar discrediteth Antony at Rome Glorie of Antony great Mariage for Caesar to serue his turne Caesar to Luciuâ— Lucius to Caesar Constancie of Lucius Caesar to â—ucius Lucius is honored of Caesar vvith regard Sicyone not farre from Corinth AEnobarbus goeth to Antony Plancus afrayde Antony to Plancus Poloenta Antony and Aenobarbus to bruduse Antony is kepte out of Brunduse Antony besieged â—runduse brunduse vvas builded of the Aâ—toâ—â—ms and aâ—ter inhabited of Crâ—tenses and at laste made an inhabitaunce of Rome â—t hath the name of the forme of an Hartes head vvith the horres vvhich the Mâ—sapians call Brudusium for that shape hath the porte vvhich is one of the beste of the vvorld Antony vseth â—onâ—pâ—â—s helpe Pompey sendeth a nauy vvith Menodorus and besiegeth Cossensa Thuris The space from Tiber to Beneuento vvas called Anâ—onia by the vvhich name also Italie vvas called Caesar troubled Consentia is yet a Citie buylded vpoÌ„ seueÌ„ hilles and thereof gyueth seuen hilles for their armes Souldiours practise peace Canâ—sio novve Canossa in Apâ—tlia Antonies policy Agrippa recouereth the besieged places Thâ—rio vvas a citie builded by Nieiâ—â— comming from Athens not farre from the vvhich Mama is gathered Antonies vali â–ª antnesse 〈◊〉 in Ca 〈…〉 Obiections â— Soldiours on both partes Antonies vvyfe dead Cocceius talke 〈◊〉 Antonie Caesar to Cocceius Caesars vvordes of Pompey Caesar is 〈◊〉 by the talke of Cocceâ—â—â— Antony in doubt vvhat to doe Antony consenteth to peace Meâ—engers of 〈…〉 on A maryage pra 〈…〉 for â—◠〈…〉 〈◊〉 Menedorus dryueth Helenus out of Sardinia Manius is put to death by Antony Saluidienus accused Saluidienus killed of Caesar Famine in Rome Caesar vvyll not agree to peace vvith Pompey A payment put vâ— on the people The people resistâ—â—â— decree of Caesar and Antony The people resist Caesar VVho buyeth firendship to decre shal smart as Aâ—â—â—â—â— did Caesar eâ—â—â—â—eth â—y Antonies meanes Dead bodies cast into the ryuer and after â—poyâ—ed Antonies couÌ„sel The aâ—iance of the mariage betvveene Caesar and â—â—â— siser 〈…〉 sa vvas named Aenaria of Aâ—â—eâ—s and novv Ischâ—â— of strength it vvas the inhabitance of the marquesse of â—â—â—â—â—a Baia vvas a Citie not farre â—â— Naples vvhere the old Romanes had great delight Menodorus counsel Murcus â—s put from Pompey Siracuse novv Saragâ—sa a goodly citie of Sicelie Murcus and Bythinius killed oâ— Pompey Novv Ischiae Dicearchia novv Puzzole Puteoli an old ruined citie nearer Naples than Baia beyng three myles asunder by lande to the vvhâ—ch Caligâ—â—a made a bridge by the sea meeting of Caesar Antony and Pompey Pompey in a â—age The conditions of peace betvveene Antony Caesar Pompey Pompey banqueteth Câ—sâ— and Antony â–ª and they him Menedorus councell Ansvvere of Pompey Consuls appoynted Reioyce for peace Banished men returne Antonyes actes allovved by the Senate Antony maketh Kings Idumei people betvveene Iudea and Arabia Samtria a regioÌ„ of Palâ—staâ— besides 〈…〉 e Pa 〈…〉 a. 〈…〉 D 〈…〉 〈◊〉 novv Gâ—nera or Al 〈…〉 Antonyes behauiour aâ— Athens Change of Antony Caesar breaketh vvith Pompey The pretence of the breach Quareis 〈…〉 Pompey Caesar calleth Antony from Athens Antony coÌ„meth to â—rundulio A suspition betvveene Caesar and Antony A token in Antonyes Campe. Antony to Caesar Menodorus is claymed of Antony Menodorus reuoketh to Caesar and 〈…〉 Tarentum is a Citie in Apulia vvhich hath a goodly porte tvvelue miles compasse An euill token to Caesar Caesar affirmeth the peace brokeÌ„ by Pompey Caesar into Sicelie Menecrates vvith a greate company keeping the sea Cuma vvas a goodly auntient Citie not farre from Paie novve nothing is left but maruellous ruâ—nes Menecrates fighteth vvith Caesars Captaynes The fight betvveene Menedorus and Menecrates Fight by Sea. Menedorus hurt Menecrates drovvned Demochares Caluisius shippes distressed Caesars and Pompeys shevve at Messina Caesar refuseth the fight Nevv Admirals of Pompeys Nauie Seylla is one of the notable cockes of the narrovâ— Sea of Sicelie so named as they say of Seylla the daughter of Phereuâ— Charybdiâ— novve Gâ—lof â—roâ—s another rocke ouer against named also as they vvrite of a greedy vvoman of that name Stylidae Scylla in the coast of Sicelie vnder the hell Segpâ— in the continent of Italy Caesar refuseth the fight by Sea. Caesars Nauie hurt Caesar leapeth a shâ—re Corn ficius VVant in â—asarâ— host A good lucke â—o Casar Caesar in distresse Tempest vpon Caesars shippes The trouble in Caesars Nauie The looking for deathe grecuous A vehement storme Caesar agayne afflicted Vibo The great negligence of Pompey Caesars vvant Caesars continuance in vvaâ—â—e Aquitanâ—â— â—s that they call â—ingâ—us Antony commeth into Italy Caesar contemneth Antony Antony desirous of Italian Souldyoures Octauia to hir brother Obiecting and ansvvering of quarrrels Metapontus vvas a faâ—â—e 〈◊〉 novv vtterly destroyed Caesar and Antony meete Exchaunge of fortresse Continuaunce of three mens authoritie Menedorus fleeth from Caesar Caluisius displaced and Agrippa placed Purgyng of the nauie The maner of inuading Sicelie Quintâ—lis 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is one of the three elâ—ovves called 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 looking tovvarde◠〈◊〉 and a Cittye of that name The Iles of Iâ—-pare othervvise Loâ—e be seuen Caesar sacrificed to the Sea. Lepidus Taurus Appius The point of Minerua The porte of Velino The losse of Caesars Shippes Maecenas goeth to Rome Caesar goeth to cheere to souldiours of Italie Pompey loseth occasion He is puffed vp vainely Salatia is the sea here put for the Goddesse of the sea Menodorus inaketh a nevve stirre on Caesars nauy Menodorus illudeth hys enimies Menodorus deliuereth Rebilus â— Senator He maketh his deuise by Vinidius Messala Menedorus reuolâ—eth once agayne Tauromino a lovve of Sicile Tauromâ—io vvas builded of the Casidians and after a Colonie of Rome hauyng the name of the bull of Minos vvhich they beare in their armes Stylida Scylâ—ucâ—â—o is novve called Capo di Squillaccia daungerous place Vâ—bâ—no or Hipponaoâ—a citie vvith a gulfe novv called S. Euâ—â—nâ—a in Calabris Papias Lepidus shippes distroyed Tisâ—â—nus Strongile novve Shoâ—â—â—alâ— not far froÌ„ Sicelie Pelorus a poynt of Sicelie ouer agaynst Scylla Myâ—e novv Myâ—â—zzo Tyâ—â—aride is not far from Myle Hiera novv Iuda an I le betvvene Sicelie Iâ—paris Pompeis nauy Agrippa goeth to the fight The fighte by sea The difference of the Shippes The difference of the men Agrippa driueth Papia from his Shippe Papia fighteth agayne Pompeis Shippe â— retire Pompey hath the loâ—se by sea Pompey prayseth â—â—â— Souldiours Leucopatra an hill in the sea nighe Reggio novv Capo de larme or Spartamentâ— di Calabria Caesar came forth agayne Onobala Archegeta Naxians of Naxo an I le in Aegico novv Niesia Caesar falleth Caesar in feare
Souldyoure And I thynke he spake no more to hyde that he most feared least the armye that sometyme serued Caesar woulde take occasion to reuolte whyche at the beginning both Cassius and he feared so as they gaue none occasion to them of any offence This Brutus was brought vnwillingly to sette hys men in order before the Trenche wylling them not to marche farre from the byll that they myghte haue theyr retyre if néede were nigh and bée the surer and the more easie to marche agaynste their enimies agayne Of both sides there was greate preparation of all thinges and a greate desire of the feate with a boldnesse of necessitie the one for feare of hunger the other of iust reuerence compellyng the Captayne to come forthe that they shoulde not be worse than theyr promise nor weaker than theyr wordes and bée thoughte rather gilty of payne for theyr rashnesse than worthye of prayse for theyr good counsell Brutus goyng among them on Horsebacke shewed a seuere countenance and exhorted them in fewe wordes as the tyme woulde serue You would néedes fight you would needes force me otherwise hauyng the victory do not deceyue neyther me nor your selues of thys hope You haue an hyll to fyghte with you and at youre backe all is youres You re enimies be in doubtfuli case beyng betwéene you and famine Hauyng sayde thus he rode aboute and encouraged all the bandes and wyth crye they receyuing hym to hys greate prayse Caesar and Antony goyng aboute they re offered theyr ryghte handes to them that were nexte and seuerally exhorted them and dyd not hyde theyr hunger that they myghte stirre them to the more presente boldnesse We haue founde O men our enimies We haue them as wée desired out of theyr Trenche Lette none of you be afrayd to gyue the charge nor gyue place when you be sette vpon nor lette hym rather chose famine and dolorous destruction that can not bée auoyded than oure ennimies death and bodyes whyche to youre boldnesse weapons and trauayle they will easily gyue The presente case requireth speedinesse You maye deferre nothyng tyll to morrowe but thys daye must determine all thynges eyther wyth perâ—â—te victorie or valiant deathe If you haue victory you shall winne in one daye victuall and money Shyppes and Campes and rewardes of victory of vs Thys wée must remember that when we gyue the charge vpon them wée doe fyrste purpose in the myddest of theyr force and forwardnesse to shutte them from theyr Campe and to dryue them to the playne from the hylles that the warre be not to bée begunne agayne nor that oure enimies dryue vs not to idlenesse agayne whyche for theyr faynienesse haue no hope in fighte but put all theyr trust in retrayning from battell Caesar and Antonius after thys sorte exhorted theyr Souldyoures and euery man hadde a respect to appeare worthye Souldyoures for suche Captaynes and they were the more styrred to auoyde the wante for the suddayne losse in the Ionian Sea and those rather wyth payne and hope if néede were to abyde the vttermost than to be consumed wyth an euill that cannot bee auoyded The matter standyng thus and euery one moued agaynste hym that was next the anger of both sides encreased very much and they were filled with boldnesse incessable And nowe they dyd not remember that they were Citizens togyther but as enimies by nature and bloude they threatned one another so suddaynely hadde rage and furie in them quenched nature and reason They prophecyed alyhe of both sydes that that daye in that feate should iudge all the Romaine causes And the iudgemente was gyuen in déede The day béeyng spente in preparation tyll the ninth houre two Eagles falling betwéene both Campes soughte togyther at the which was great silence that Eagle flying that was toward Brutus whereat a shrill crye was made of the enimies Both broughte forthe theyr standardes The marche was fierce and vehement They little néeded arrowes stones or dartes after the manner of warre for they vsed none other comming on than the order of battell wherein they were broughte vp and they buckled wyth naked swordes and layde on of eyther syde to put one another from theyr ray the one for theyr safetie rather than for victorie the other for victory and comforte of theyr Captayne whome they had prouoked to fighte The slaughter and the fightes were great The bodyes were beene away and other were put in theyr places to serue the former rankes The Captayne 's riding aboute and beholding euery where encouraged them to be valiante They comforted them that â—â—â—ke paynes to continue still their laboure Those that shrunke they changed that their boldnesse that were in the fronte myght bée continued At length the Souldyoures of Caesar eyther for feare of famine or for Caesars feâ—â—citie for Brutus men were not to be blamed ouercame the battell of their enimies and putte them backe as an heape of an heauie masse yet they turned agayne into theyr place slowly and wyth order but when their ray was broken they went away faster and the second and third bande turned wyth them and disorderedly thrusting one vpon another were broken of themselues and of theyr enimies that withoute stay pursued them tyll they â—ledde euidently And Caesars â—ould youres then remembryng theyr promise chiefly fiercely followyng them gaue an assaulte vppon theyr Campe very daungerously and on euery â—â—de so sette vppon them that they compelled them to slée whereof some wente towarde the Sea and the hylles by the floude Zygatâ— Thys alteration béeyng made the Gâ—nerallâ—s diuided the rest of the 〈…〉 Caesar to kéepe them that fledde from theyr Campe and to holde the Campe hymselfe Antony to followe the fléers and to ouerthrowe the remainers to assaulte their other Campes and wyth â—â—dent violence to putte all to ruyne And fearing that the Captaynes myghte escape hym and gather another armye he sente hys Horsemen to the wayes and issues of the filde to stoppe them that â—â—edâ—e Some wente from hyll to hyll Rascus the Captayne béeyng theyr gâ—yde bycause of hys experience in the way and passed by the trenches and rocky places chacing them that fledde and kéeping other from fleeyng Some followed Brutus hymselfe When Lucinus sawe them so fast running after hym he stayde and as though he had bin Brutus prayed them he myghte be ledde to Antonie and not to Caesar by the whiche he was the rather thoughte to be Brutus in auoydyng hys vnplacable enimie Antony vnderstandyng hée was broughte to hym wente towarde hym in good order considering the fortune the woorthynesse and vertue of the man and howe he myght vse hym Béeyng at hande Lâ—cinus méetyng wyth hym verye boldly sayde Brutus is not taken neyther shall vertue euer be taken of viâ—e I deceyuing these men thus am before thée At the whiche worde the Horsemen béeyng ashamed Antony to comfort them sayde â–ª You haue hunted none 〈◊〉 game but better than you thynke so muche is
a Friende better than an Enimie and committed Lucinus to wayte vpon one of his friends and after vsed hym as hys assured Brutus fledde to the mountaynes with a conuenient multitude that in the night he might returne to hys campe or take hys way by the sea But when he hearde all passages were kepte hee continued with all his people in armes And they say hée looked vp to the Starres saying O Iupiter thou knowest who is the cause of these euils meaning Antonie which they say Antonie after in his priuate perils did confesse saying That where he might haue ruled with Brutus Cassius he was now a slaue to Octauio That night Antonie continued in armes that he might haue Brutus makyng a trench of dead bodies and of the baggage brought togither Caesar labouring till midnight â–ª withdrew himselfe for sicknesse committyng the charge of the army to Norbanus Brutus perceiuing what wayte his enimies made for him and hauing no more but foure legious where with he was wel warded desired the chiefe of his host whiche now were ashamed and repented of their act to sende to sée how they might make way to passe the traynes and to recouer their owne that was kept in the abaÌ„doned tentes They being vnwilling and now considering more than they did and that God was agaynst them tolde their Generall they had giuen him euill counsell and they hauing tried fortune so oft woulde not now put any more hope in their matter Then Brutus sayde to his friendes I am no longer profitable to my Countrey Hée called one of his moste trusty friendes named Sâ—rato of Epirâ— and wylled hym to kyll hym ouâ— of hande who entreatyng hym to take better aduice called â–ª one of hys seruauntes and sayde O Brutus in thy laste commaundement thou shalte not wante neyther thy friende nor thy seruaunt And hauyng thus sayde hée thruste hys â—â—orde into Brutus side neyther râ—sistyng nor helpyng Thus Cassius and Brutus died moste noblâ— and worthy Romanes and but â—or one faâ—te â—uer folowed vertue Whome Caâ—â—â—â— Caesar of enimies takyng Pompeyus part had made â–ª â—réendes and of friendes vsed them as his chyldren and the Senate had them euer in greate regarde and pitted their chaunce and for their twoo sakes decrâ—â—â— an acte of obliuion of all thyngs and when they â—lâ—â—de sente them to prouinces that they shoulde not séeme to flée â–ª Not omittyng yet the honour of Caesar nor forgettyng hys feates of whose vertue and fortune they maruelled beyng aliue and when hée was dead buryed him with publique expence and proclaymed hys workes to bée immortal â–ª â— apoynted offices prouinces for y most part by his assignement â–ª not findyng any thyng better than Caesar had determined But the care and regard for these men brought them into a suspition of false accusation they were so honored of al men And of the best of the banyshed men they were thought most honorable though Pompey were at hande whose cause was not vnpardonable and they farre off and voyde of reconciliation needyng many things scarsly hauing two legions They gathered after twentie legions and as many thousand horsemen and about â–ª twoo hundred long shippes with other sufficient furniture and money moste plentifull of the willyng and vnwillyng nations and Cities that they ouercame and their enimies of the contrary faction They hadde the rule of all the Realmes from Macedonia to Euphrates and whome soeuer they ouercame they brought them to their societie â–ª and hadde them moste trusty they vsed Kings and Princes and the Parthians although their enimies in matters of small accompt but when they came to greate thyngs they coulde not abide them bycause they woulde not accustome a barbarous and hostile nation among the Romanes And moste maruell of all it is that their army beyng the moste parte of Caius Caesars and desirous of his felicitie for good will and affection they coulde turne to the contrary parte to him being killers of him and wente with them agaynst Caesars Sonne and more faythfull to them than to Antony fellow in rule and enterpryse with â—ctaâ—ian For none of them lefte Brutus or Cassius when they were ouercome But Antonie at Brunduse they forsoke before the triall The pretence of paynes bothe vnder Pompey and nowe was not for themselues but for the name of the peoples gouernment ouer glorious but not commodious For bothe of them when they sawe they coulde bée no longer profitable to their countrey dispatched themselues alike â–ª In their seuerall considerations Cassius was iâ—â—utable as they that in the combattes will neuer gâ—ue ouer onely hauyng regarde to the daunger But Brutus in euery place was full of affabilitie and gentlenesse and not ignoraunt of Philosophy Yet by these men the acte agaynst Caesar was done contrary in all thyng beyng no simple worke nor in no small matter for it was agaynst their fréende contrary to reason and agaynst their well doer vnthankfully whome hâ—e had saued in the warre and agaynst the chiefe ruler iniustly in the Senate house and agaynst an holy man hauyng on an holy vesture and suche an officer as neuer was the lyke so profitable to all menne and to his countrie and Empire The whiche God did punishe in them and many times gaue tokens of it For when Cassius was purgyng his hoste the Sergeant put on the crowâ—e the wrong way and hys golden consecrate vesture of victory fell to the grounde many greate byrdes sitting vpon the campe made no noyse and swarmes of Bées were continually aboute him Brutus they say celebratyng hys birthe day in â—amo vpon the sea beyng nothyng mery aboute it without occasion did caste forth this verse But me cruel destenie and Lâ—tones sonne doth destroy Goyng with his army betwéene Asia and Europa and watchyng in the night when lighte fayled a fearefull shape appeared to hym Whome hée boldly askyng what man or God hée was the vision answeared I am Brutus thyne euill lucke and at Philippi I will appeare agayne vnto thée And they say he sawe hym there before the laste fight and when the armie wente out of the campe an Ethiopian mette them whome as an euill token they killed In these things also was a diuine worke That Cassius in victorie yet indifferent gaue ouer all hope without any cause and Brutus dryuen from hys good determination of refrayning fighte fallyng into the handes of them that were forced by famine hymselfe hauyng plentyfull foode and shippes at commandement and was rather ouercome of hys â—amâ—â—iers than of hys enimies and where they had fought many fieldes they neuer had no hurte Bothe of them were killers of themselues as they were of Caesar Thus Cassius and Brutus were punished Brutus body beyng founde Antonie cladde it with a purple pall and when hee had vsed it with fire hee sente the relikes to hys mother Seruilia Brutus army when they hearde hée