of such kind of particles which being mild and thin may be tamed by the blood and assimilated without any effervescence or heat Wherefore Asses milk also sometimes Cows or Goats milk also Water-gruel Cream of Barley Ptisan Almond-milks and other simple nourishments will better agree and nourish more than Flesh Eggs and Gelly-broaths strong Ale Wine or any other kind of richer fare Secondly 2. That the acidities of the blood and other humours be taken away that the blood retaining its own temperament be not easily dissolved into serosities injurious to the Lungs it behoves that as well the acidities of it self as of other humors mixt therewith and chiefly the nervous and limpid ones be destroyed which intention Medicines prepared with Brimstone will best accomplish which for that cause in this case provided a hectic Feaver be not present may be more frequently and in abundance taken Wherefore the Tincture the Balsam the Syrup the Flowers and Milk of Sulphur in somewhat a large Dose may be exhibited twice or thrice a day For the same reason traumatic or vulnerary Decoctions also Decoctions of the pectoral Herbs commonly so called also of the Woods are to be taken instead of ordinary drink Moreover the Powder of Crabs eyes Hog-lice and other things endued with an Alcali or volatile Salt are often administred with great success 3. That the excrements of the blood be drawn off from the Lungs The third intention of healing respecting the first indication viz. that the superfluous dregs of the depraved blood if they shall be very much predominant being commanded out from the Lungs may be discharged by other Emunctories suggests very many ways to be used for their dispatch For besides Phlebotomy Diuresie and sometimes a gentle Purgation which take place in all Coughs yea in the beginning of a consumptive Cough or Phthisis hither also ought to be referred Baths taking in a more warm air whereby they may more freely transpire also Frictions of the extreme parts Dropaces Issues Blisterings or Depilatories Errhines Gargles and other private or public sluices either of humors or vapors The second indication in the beginning of a Phthisis viz. that the consumptive matter laid aside within the Lungs may be easily and daily evacuated Second indication requires expectorating Medicines is performed by expectorating Medicines These are said to operate after a twofold matter according to which their virtue is conveyed two ways to the Lungs For of those being taken by the mouth some immediately dismiss their active particles into the Trachea which partly by making the way slippery and loosning the matter impacted and partly by provoking the excretory Fibres into Convulsions do procure expectoration in which number are chiefly accounted Linctus's and Fumigations The expectorating Remedies of another kind which deservedly are accounted more available do exercise their energie by the passage of the blood For whereas they consist of such kind of particles which cannot be digested and assimilated by the mass of blood being spread through the blood because they cannot be mixt with it they are presently again exterminated and so penetrate from the pneumonic Arteries into the tracheal passages where lighting on the matter they divide and attenuate and so disturb it that the little fibres being irritated from thence and successively contracted while they cough the contents of the Trachea and of its little bladders are ejected upwards into the mouth Medicines proper for this use besides Sulphur and the preparations of it are artificial Balsams distilled with Oil of Turpentine Tinctures and Syrups of Gum Ammoniac Galbanum Asa foetida Garlick Leeks and such like yielding a strong scent from which also Lohochs and Eclegma's are prepared And these work both ways partly by slipping into the Trachea and partly by entring the Lungs by the circulation of the blood and assault the morbific matter both before and behind and so exclude it with the greater force 3. What belongs to the third indication viz. that the frame of the Lungs being hurt or their constitution vitiated may be either restored or amended Third indication is performed by Balsamicks and vulneraries such things are of use as resisting putrefaction do cleanse heal dry and strengthen to which intent also Remedies prepared of Sulphur Balsamics and Vulneraries do agree Hence some Empirics do not only successfully prescribe the smoak of Sulphur vivum but also of Auripigmentum to be suckt through a Pipe or Funnel into the Lungs Moreover it is for this reason that change of air and soil viz. from Cities to the Country or sulphureous air or the passage from one Region into another that is hotter is of such a signal advantage Hitherto of the Method of Healing which seems to be of use against the more painful Cough or Phthisis beginning now it remains according to all those curatory indications to subjoin certain select forms of Medicines which also according to the way of healing described above in a slight Cough which is short of a Phthisis Forms of remedies for a consumption we shall distinguish into certain ranks viz. which are Mixtures Linctus's Lohochs Tinctures Balsams Troches Lozenges Powders Pills Decoctions and distilled Waters We shall set down some Examples of each of these whereto also may be referred some of the forms of Medicines before described for a beginning Cough and not as yet consumptive 1. Magisterial Medicines and Syrups Take of our Syrup of Sulphur three ounces Mixtures water of Earth-worms an ounce tincture of Saffron two drams mingle them Take one spoonful at night and first in the morning Take of Syrup of the juyce of Ground-Ivy three ounces Snail-water an ounce flour of Brimstone a dram mix them by shaking The Dose one spoonful at night and morning Take of tincture of Sulphur two drams Laudanum tartarizated a dram Syrup of the juice of Ground-ivy two ounces Cinamon-water two drams the dose one spoonful at bed-time and if sleep be wanting towards morning Syrupus Diasulphuris Take of Sulphur prepared after our manner half an ounce Syrups best Canary wine two pints let them be digested 28 hours in a water or sand Bath which being done take of the finest Sugar two pounds dissolved in elder-flower-Elder-flower-water and boil to a height to make tablets afterwards pour to it by little and little Wine coloured with Sulphur and warm let it boil a little on the fire strain it through woolen You will have a most delicate Syrup of a gold colour and for coughs and other distempers of the lungs where a hectic Feaver and heat of the Praecordium is absent most profitable the dose a spoonful morning and evening by it self or with other Pectorals Syrup of Garlick Take ten or twelve cloves of Garlick stript from the little skins and cut into slices Aniseeds bruised half an ounce Elicampane sliced three drams Liquorish two drams let them digest for two or three days in a pint and half of spirit of Wine close and
in the underlying waters they sometimes imbibe them being turn'd into vapour and so dispatch them to the blood or continually exhale them with aire coming out at the mouth That an effect of this sort may more easily happen to cure this disease medicinal aids are taken For that intention therefore the passages of blood aire and humours ought to be emptyed as much as may be and to be kept so empty For this purpose Purges Diureticks and more mild Diaphoreticks are methodically and alternately exhibited also remedies for the breast and expectorating challenge here their place let the Diet be slender and warming and a government appointed as to all other things of that nature that the blood may be made to exhale the more and all the superfluous humours to evaporate I think good to annex some forms of Medicines accommodated to these uses Take of Chervil-roots Knee-holme Polypodie of the Oak of each an ounce Agrimony A Purging Hydromel white Maidenhaire Oak of Jerusalem Ground Ivy of each one handful Carthamus-seeds one ounce Florence Orris half an ounce seeds of Danewort 5 drams Calamus Aromaticus half an ounce boyl them in four pound of Spring-water to the consumption of a third part adde to it being strained Senna one ounce and a half Agarick tow drams Mechoacan and Turbith of each half an ounce yellow Sanders a dram and a half Galangal the less one dram boyl them two hours gently and close covered afterwards strain it and adde of Honey two ounces clarifie it with the white of an Egge make a purging Hydromel The Dose is from six ounces to eight in the morning twice or thrice in a week Or Take Mercurius Dulcis one scruple Resine of Jallap half a scruple Balsam of Peruwhat suffices to make four Pills to be taken in the morning and to be repeated within five or six dayes Take Tincture of Sulphur three drams take from seven drops to ten Tinctures at night and in the morning in a spoonfull of the following mixture drinking after it three spoonfulls Take of the water of Snails Earth worms and compound rhadish water Julep of each four ounces water of Elder-berries fermented one pound Syrup of Juice of Ground-Ivy two ounces mix them for a Julep Or Take of Tincture of Ammoniacum or Galbanum take twenty drops evening and morning in the same mixture Or Take of Hog-lice prepared two drams flower of Sulphur two scruples Pills flower of Benzoin one scruple powder of wild Carrot and Burdock-seeds of each half a dram Turpentine of Venice enough to make a mass Make small Pills Take four evening and morning drinking after them a small draught of the Julep At Nine a Clock in the Morning and Five in the Afternoon A Lime-water let him take four onces of the Compound Lime-water by it self or with any other proper remedy For ordinary drink take the following Bochete Take Sarsaperilla six ounces China two ounces white and yellow Sanders A Bochet of each six drams shavings of Ivory and Hartshorn of each three drams Calamus Aromaticus half an ounce Raisins half a pound Liquorish three drams boyl and infuse them in twelve pound of Spring-water to six pound strain it Formerly about twenty five years since when I resided at Oxford A History of a Patient I was sent for to a young Scholar who suffered for three weeks space under a pain of the Thorax and a most grievous Dyspnoea constantly troubling him in the evening moreover from a more quick motion of body or going more hastily than usually up any steep place he laboured extreamly he could not ly down long on either side but was necessitated to lye in his bed supone and his head erect if perhaps he attempted to lye on either side immediately pain followed that position of body and if perhaps he roll'd himself from one side to another the pain being also presently translated he felt as it were water to wave from place to place Hence I had a just suspicion of a Dropsie of the Breast whereof that I might be more assured I order'd that lying upon his back on his bed he would suffer his head to bend backward from the bed-side to the floor immediately he had a plain perception of water running towards the Clavicles together with a change of the pain thither Moreover if at any time he grew more hot than usual from motion or in his bed or by the fire he presently felt sensibly in his breast as it were water boyling over the fire and also complained of a Vertigo and a small decay of Spirits Wherefore when we might lawfully collect out of these things rightly considered that he was affected with a dropsie of the breast I prescribed the following method and medicines with success Take of Mercurius Dulcis fifteen grains The Cure of him Resine of Jallap half a scruple Syrup of Roses solutive what suffices make three Pills He took them early in the morning and had twelve stools with great ease afterwards on the third day by the same Medicine he had but four but with greater benefit he took afterwards for many dayes six ounces of the Pectoral and Diuretick Apozeme twice in a day and lastly repeating the Purge he perfectly recovered SECT II. Of Splanchnick remedies or those which respect the bowels of the lower Belly CHAP. I. Of the Jaundies and the remedies thereof and the manner and reason of their operations HItherto we have largely enough unfolded the Pathologie and curatory method of the Thorax now it follows next to finish our task in like manner about the lower Belly But we have in our former tract for the most part described already the medicines belonging to this region and the manner and reasons of their working together with the Anatomy of the Stomach and Intestines we have treated of remedies stomachical dysenterical and others belonging to the intestines as also diureticks together with the reasons of them Moreover we have sussicently elsewhere handled the aetioligie of Hypochondriack and Hysterical remedies What therefore remains of Hepatical distempers as well proper as of those vulgarly ascrib'd thereunto and of their remedies we will discourse in this Section notwithstanding in each of these we will bestow more labour about the curatory than pathological part The chief diseases by which the Liver and the appendix thereof Diseases of the Liver are wont to be incumbred are the Jaundies and a Tumour and under this latter many other affects viz. obstruction inflammation induration and schirrus are numbred to all which are vulgarly appointed remedies commonly called Hepaticks and which make up a great part of the Dispensatory The Jaundies is either a disease by it self primarily beginning which is here properly treated of or it is an effect or product of another disease as when it arises upon an intermitting Feaver which oftentimes it puts an end to of which also we will presently treat by the by An Icterical distemper
of it self it is too powerfull to be applyed all over the body but only to the Joynts of the Arms and Thighs or worn about the Loyns made up in a Girdle for so it seldom fails in curing the Itch. But dangerous Notwithstanding there is danger lest this practice as it often happens produce evil and pernicious symptomes for from the Mercurial Oyntment frequently a salivation also sometimes dimness of the eyes or drowsie or convulsive Affections do proceed Also sometimes the Poyson of the medicine within the Praecordia or Bowels produces the dreadful Affections of short breathing Swouning or bloody Fluxes The vulgar form of a Mercurial Oyntment and chiefly in use for the itch is this The Form of it Take of Quick-silver reduced into small particles with an acid or as they say kill'd an ounce and a half fresh Hogs Lard six ounces incorporate them well stirring them long in a Stone or Glass mortar Neither only under the form of an Oyntment A Mercurial Water for the Itch. but also after many other wayes the aforesaid Medicines are wont to be often used For the fume of Cinabar which is prepared of Mercury with Sulphur cast upon Coals and taken in at the mouth or striking the superficies of the Body cures the Psora The Mercurial Cosmetick before described being weaker by two degrees if it be applyed upon the Skin chiefly on the ulcerated places it kills the Scab Notwithstanding the use of these is not always so secure as to be administred every where to all persons Baths are prepared of Sulphur and Vegetables either apart or together Baths being boyled in water which heal this Disease not as a common Bath by only washing off the filthiness of the Skin but also by destroying the ferment thereof Moreover beside these there is another more easie and neater manner of healing the Itch viz. Let a Shirt boyled with Powder of Brimstone in Spring-water A Sulphurous Shirt and dryed by the Sun or Fire be worn next the body for four or five dayes for so that disease is wont to be cured without bathing or nastiness of anoynting or evil smell It the Aetiologie of these be enquired into Why Sulphur is the Antidote of the Psora and first why Brimstone is such a specifick Antidote against the Itch that poor and ordinary men who have not wherewithall to use any other Medicine do take against this Distemper inwardly only powder of Brimstone with Milk and administer it outwardly with Butter I have already in part given an account where we have unfolded the balsamick vertue of Brimstone towards the Lungs Namely it is a good expedient in either case inasmuch as it destroyes the acidities of the Blood and Humours and all the exotick and corrupting roughnesses and restores a benign disposition to every Juice viz. a mild and an unctuous The Reason of it and so the Particles of Brimstone any way outwardly applyed do easily enter into the pores of the skin and being admitted inward do forthwith work upon the ulcerous Ichor there abounding kill the Salts there predominating and procure a balsamick nature to the cutaneous Juice that it may aftewards agree with the Blood and Serum continually flowing to it As to Mercury it is no wonder if Medicines prepared hereof do throughly heal the places of the skin affected with the Psora wherever applyed How Mercury cures this Disease for by the application hereof wheals and pushes and all malignant ulcers viz. Venereal and Scorbutick are wont to be tamed Neither is it a thing to be admired that these Remedies administred in any private places as long as they provoke salivation are a Cure of an Universal Itch but really that without spitting they can produce such an effect as that a Girdle wherein Quick-silver is sowed and worn about the Loyns should abolish the Scab of the whole body and that sometimes without any sensible evacuation or harm caused thereby I say the reason hereof is not so easily apparent Yet for the solution hereof The reason of its vertue we must say that the Particles of Mercury being able to extinguish the scabbiness of every Itchy ferment when they are applyed to any private part do presently take away the Scab of that place and besides being caught by the venous blood and diffused through the whole masse thereof and a little after they are not only carryed back by the arterious blood to the same place where taken in but being brought outward every where they are deposited in the skin of the whole body and in the same place destroy every Miasma of the Scab If it then shall happen that these Mercurial particles after they have finished the Cure should be all evaporated again out of the skin no salivation afterwards or other prejudice will follow SECT III. CHAP. VII Of the Impetigo or Lepra of the Greeks AFter the Scab with the Itch Several names of the Impetigo it follows that we treat of another Distemper a little a-kin to this by reason of the breakings out of little pustules which is commonly call'd Impetigo by some a Tetter and Morphew and by others the Leprosie of the Greeks And as it gains several names so they are variously applyed by Authors and by these they design one kind of Disease and by those another kind Wherefore as the names of this Distemper are variously confounded and perhaps that as to its nature and formal appearance it has been various in divers Regions neither may it be altogether the same in our generation as in former times for this cause my business here shall not be to describe this disease according to Boods but from the proper observation of the Patients themselves The Impetigo is wont to arise and affect after this manner It is described according to its appearances to wit little wheals or red pustules sometimes single and sometimes many together are raised in divers parts of the body but chiefly in the Arms or Thighs to each of which new ones every where are adjoyned the Disease augmenting and in a short space of time there become many heaps of risings of that kind like clusters For the little pimples breaking out daily near to their stemme and spreading still larger diffuse themselves into a Circle and so cause every heap of Eruptions to be enlarged The rough superficies of each appears something white and scaly so that upon scratching the scales fall off and often a thin Ichor sweats out which being presently dryed up again hardens into a shelly scale These Clusters of little Pimples being first small and fewer appear perhaps three or four in the Arm or Thigh or other particular member about the bigness of a Penny or half a dram but afterwards if the disease be suffered to augment they break out every where more frequent which being leisurely encreased in their ground after wards appear to equal or exceed the bitgness of a Silver Crown but