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fire_n	burn_v	great_a	time_n	3,594	5	3.3658	3	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A17733	Tvvo very notable commentaries the one of the originall of the Turcks and Empire of the house of Ottomanno, written by Andrewe Cambine, and thother of the warres of the Turcke against George Scanderbeg, prince of Epiro, and of the great victories obteyned by the sayd George, aswell against the Emperour of Turkie, as other princes, and of his other rare force and vertues, worthye of memorye, translated oute of Italian into Englishe by Iohn Shute.; Della origine de Turchi et imperio delli Ottomani. English	Cambini, Andrea, d. 1527.; Shute, John, fl. 1562-1573.	1562 (1562)	STC 4470; ESTC S107293	198,882	250

spede possyble with their batterie contynning it withoute cease bothe daye and nighte gyuinge them of the towne no tyme at all to repose but helde them contynually occupied bothe daye and nighte with scaramoshes alarmes and false assaultes notwith standing that they of the towne repulsed them w t great assurance and slewe manye of them and also they loste of thers some tyme notwithstandinge their smale losse was more preiudiciall vnto them forthat they had not meanes to be supplied with newe men then the great numbre of the partie of the assailants which were slaine was to them of y e campe the numbre of them of y ● of towne consumed and decaied daylye when the Mahometistes had in this sorte contynued their seege by the space of two monethes it semed to the Captaines Bascias y ● thei had made sufficient breache whervpon thei thought them selues suer of the towne whenseuer they shoulde assayle it and vpon this they made redie for the assulte all kinde of necessaries determined to gyue y ● assaulte whervpon they deuided their people and gaue order to their Coloneles who shoulde begyn the assaulte and whiche they were that shoulde from tyme to tyme supplie it when this was done they put their peopel in order and approched the towne the. xx daye of Iulye in y ● breake of the day with greate noyses and cries and they emploied their greatest force vpon that syde of y e towne where the towre stode that was called Giudeca whiche was so flatte betyn to the grounde that the spoyle and roobishe therof so fylled the dyke that men moughte ea syly clyme vp to y e heighte of the breache as sone as this was knowē they that were withoute began y e assaulte placed their shotte to beate their defenses and breaches to the ende they shoulde not be able to stande to the defence of their breaches and immediatly entred the dike and as they were comming vp the breaches they were encountred by them of the towne with great Valiantize whoe appeared in all places where nede was throwing oute vpon their enemies continually great stones peces of tymber castinge speres and with their shotte they dyd maruelously anoie them they th rewe them downe contynually from the walles makinge excidinge greate flaughter of them notwithstandinge the Turckes contynued styll the assaulte and renewed it with freshe bandes from tyme to tyme in suche sorte as the fighte contynued still withoute cease and was maintyned a great pece of y e day with great assurance on bothe sides but in the end y e Turckes through their great number and also throughe their meanes which they vsed to supplie y e fighte with freshe regimentes and bandes preuayled murche and in the ende certaine thousandes of y e Turcks serred them selues and charged with their hole force vp on the Christians which not beinge able to endure the force of their enemies were constreyned to abandone the breaches whervpon by lytle and lytle they retired them selues towarde the market and the enemies entred the towne and folowed them on wel towarde that place Giudeca and soddenly they stated not beinge charged at all by the enemies and shewed suche a token of fearefulnes that it semed they trembled with feare the cause therof was not certainly knowen althoughe there were some founde and chiefely certaine sonnes of one Gētile de Bardi a Florentine which affirmed that they sawe steppe forthe before them a man on horsebacke armed at all peces with an vpper garment of whyte vpon his armour whiche when the enemies sawe they were abashed and durste not deale with him the Christians perceuing the cowardize of the enemies called againe to them noble myndes and put them selues again in order and then charged the enemies which fled from the Christians abandoned the towne leuing y e victorie at that time to their enemies and therfore that day they of the towne were preserued contrarie to their owne expectation beinge clerely oute of hope of their helthe thervpon comforted them selues and all they that were in the towne bothe men wemen children laide to their handes for the reparing of the breaches for the space of certaine dayes tyll that they had made it somewhat defensyble the enemies on thother syde endeuoured them selues by all meanes possyble to supplie their bandes to furnishe them with all kinde of necessaries for to assayle the towne againe In this meane tyme the kinge Ferrante dispaiched from Naples two great shippes w t commision to sayle towarde the coaste of Gretia and to succour the towne of Rhodes which shippes being wel furnished with men set sayle and sayled toward y e coaste of Gretia and the .xxx. of Iulye they arriued within the sighte of Rhodes and holdinge on their course towarde the hauen mouthe the lesser of the two passed with fylled sayles throughe y e middest of y e turckishe Nanie which came and assayled him thincking to denie him y e passage as he passed throughe their Nauie he slewe manie of the infideles and so arriued safely with his shyppe and people in the hauen of Rhodes where he was receiued by thē of the towne with incredible ioye Franzino pastore that commaunded the other shyppe seing the peryll that the other shyppe that was arriued at y e towne had ben in was discoraged durste not folowe but made aboute from the Nauie of the enemies to the sea againe toward the middest of the chanel the nexte morning being enforced by his souldiours mariners he set sayle agayne hauing a prosperous wynde and made towarde the hauen soddenly the wynde fayled him by meanes wher of he coulde make no sayle but laie styll in greate daunger of the enemie who seinge the ship encaulmed weid their ancres and made toward her with al their Nauie determinig to burne her and loded a ●alandre w t pytche and towe meaning that whilest certaine of their galleis dyd assayle her others shoulde set her on fire whervpon they tawed the palandre after them at y e sterme of some of their galleys in their meane tyme the wynde arose began to blowe a handsome gale not withoute a manifest token of the fauour of God whervpon the Captaine commaunded to packe on all the sayles and directed his course full vpon the Nauie of the infidels and sayled on with greate furie passing throughe the middest of them arriued safely in the hauen to the great content as wel of those of his shyppe as of them of the towne for the which good happe they of the● towne triumphed for the space of two dayes shewinge signes of great ioye in ringinge of belles making of bonefires shoring of artillerie and suche lyke whervpon y e Turckes began to dispaire of the takinge of the towne thincking that the two shippes had broughte farre greater number of men and monition then in dede they dyd Then began they to attempte the towne but slenderly and deuised rather howe

them he determn●ed in any wise to haue it by force wherupon he caused forthwith neare vnto the same castel another castell to be buylded of farre greater heyght then the first from y e height wherof he did so beate his enemies day and nyght without cease that in the ende with the losse of a great number of his people he toke it of force After this hauyng intelligence that in the citie of Caphia a garison towne of the Genoueses was great store of golde and siluer in the handes of the marchantes he hauynge alreadye purpofed to take that towne by force which standeth in Cheronesso Taurico not far from the Bosphono and straite Timerico and considerynge that the treasure although he wanne the towne mought easelye be buried vnder the grounde and so saued he determined to haue both the towne treasure by this meane he called to him the skynners of his countrey such as had most riche furres as Sables Armines Genettes Martirones and suche lyke and gane them commaundement for the more spedie dispatche of y e matter that they shulde not passe for the sellyng of them at a lowe price to the ende that through the meanesse of the price the marchantes mought more gredily by them this matter beyng skilfully handlded was sone dispatched and immedialy after that he denounced warres agaynst them and forthwith presented him selfe with his armie to the towne and when he had enuironed the towne wyth his campe he planted his batteries and continued them day and nyght without ceasing in such sort that in short space he possessed the towne the marchantes the furres and the money which was an inestimable treasure It is written also that this was his ordre in beseeging of townes y e fyrst daye his owne lodgings were white and if in that day the inhabitants of the towne dyd yelde vnto him they receuid no hurte nother in body nor goodes the seconde daye his lodgings were red which signifyed to them of the towne that yf then they yelded that he wolde put to death all the masters of the families And the thyrde day was his last change which was in to blacke Pauillions and tentes and then refused he all appointments and when he had in this sorte taken any Citie or towne he put all that were in it to the sworde not sparing any of whatsoeuer age or kinde they were when he had thus done then wolde he commaunde to sack the towne and when the goodes were taken oute of it then wolde he cause fyre to be set in the towne so consume it to ashes leue it deserte And there is a bruite which cōtinueth euen to this daye in those partes that on a tyme a certaine populouse citie defended them selues tyll the third day and then seing a great space of the walle laid flatte on the earth and the enemie in battaile redie to gyue y ● assaulte they were discoraged and thincking to pacifie y ● wrath of this cruel proude aud victoriouse enemie by humblyng them selues sent forth all the wemen and chyldren of the towne in white clothynge wyth oliue branches in their hands offeringe him the towne calling to him with lowde voice for mercy whom whē Tamerlano sawe a farre of comming toward him he gaue commaundement to certaine bands of his horsemen to charge vpon them and to put them all to the sworde after this he toke the citie and sacqued it and then burned it it happened at that time by meanes of traffique of marchaundeze certaine marchante a Genouese borne to be greatly in fauor with Tamerlano and being with him at that same present discoursing of sōdrie matters asked him why he vsed so great crueltie towardes those people which he ouercame but he torned to him with an exceding troublouse contenance with eyes flaming like fyre and said vnto him yf thou doste thincke that I am aman thou arte much deceuid for I saye to the that I ●amthe wrath of God sent to plague and punishe the worlde and I commaunde the that yf thou woldest not receue due punnishement for thy auditiouse and folishe demaunde that thou gette the hence out of my sight that thou comme lesse in my presence the pore marchāt being much feared with the words of the Tyran departed from him was neuer sene after that by him they that haue sen Tamerlano liuing haue said that he resembled much both in face and maners Anibal of Carthage acordinge to the opinion of diurse ancient wryters and before all other offenses he shewed his seuere Iustice againste thefts in punnishing thē most sharply w tout any remission And it is thought that he dyd it to that ende that the feare of punnishement shoulde cause them to refraine to y e ende that he alone mought robbe and spoile acording to his owne desire the whole world and last of all his delighte was wholly set to gouerne in so much that he emploied him selfe continually as in an exercise most vertuouse to molest and trouble other princes with warres by the which he had subdued many kings and vtterly impouerished a greate numbre of tyranes made deserte many contreis and conuerted in to ashes an infinite numbre of cities and townes then last of al he retorned into his contrey with his army in credibly enriched with the spoyle of those natyons whō he had subdued and also he vsed to take oute of euerye towne that yeldyed vnto him certaine of the cheife housholdes with all their substances and riches and to sende thē wholly in to Parthia When he was retorned home he builded a newe Citie very bewtifull and of a greate circuite and placed their in all those housholds afore rehersed in so much y e the newe Cytie beinge inhabyted w t these riche noble men of diuerse nationes in shorte tyme increased so in welth that yt became the cheife citie of all the Orient And yf it had happened that Tamerlano had had with him some man of excellent learning and wysedome who mought w t his writings haue celebrated the great enterprises that he dyd their is no doute but that he mought haue ben numbred amonge the cheife and princypall captaynes eyther of the olde worlde orels of this present age but god gyueth not all things to one man also it semed that his great crueltye which he vsed towarde those y ● he ouercame dyd not deserue to haue his fame celebrated by writing ne yet y e it mought long remaine to his posteritie when Tamerlano died he lefteto succide him in his Empire whiche he had thus gottē by y e sworde two sonnes which after his death fel oute maītained ciuil warres betwene them were the cause y e the olde and ancient parthicke fame clerely extinckte brought to obliuion and after ward by Tamerlano reuiued coulde not continewe nor encrease But nowe retorninge to our Historie where we left after that the armie of Baiazith was defeicted

as hayle from the heighte of the walles the Turckes were muche anoyed by meanes of the darkenes for that they could not see how to defende them selues from the arrowes and stones where with manye of them were slaine and hurt when it was perfit day Mahometh approched neare y e towne with al his power commaunded when he should geue a signe the towne to be assayled rounde to the end that they of the towns should not be able to defende euerye where his force he appointed to euerye colonell wyth his regiment a certaine space of the wall to assayle for that they shuld fight apart to the end the vertue of the assaylants and their worthy actes mought be sene that thereby they moughte be the more enflamed thorough desyre of honour to committe them selues to all kinde of peryll In like sorte was their order geuen to them of the Armata with commaundement that in one instant euery man should assayle that place wherevnto he was appoynted there were broughte also nere to the walles certaine towres of woode which were set vpon high groundes of aduauntage vpon the which he placed many souldiours to the end thei mought with their shot bete a longe all the circuite of the walles he had also with his artillery taken away all the defenses so that when they should come to defende the breache and walles they must stande all open against his shotte When Mahometh had done all these thynges the token of the assault was geuen with the sound of trumpettes bornes bagpipes and drummes that the ayre resounded of it immediatly herevpon the assault began the Turkes couered thir heades with roundels targes in such sort that it was like the rofe of an house ouer their heads in this sort came to y ● walles set vp theyr ladders enforsyng themselues with great corage to clyme to the height of the walles on the other syde they of the towne endeuoured them selues to defende it and threwe downe vpon them greate stones myghtye pieces of tymber and annoyed them merueylouslye wyth the shotte of their Crosse bowes Dartes and suche lyke throwen by the arme they aboue vsed theyr Mykes so well that they threwe the Turkes contynuallye from theyr ladders downe slewe and hurte a greate number of them and handled them so hardlye that they enforsed them to scatter and made them glad to abandone the assaute wherevpon Mahometh drewe neare with his company and encouraged them calling by name nowe one and then another especyally those that were moste valiaunte and worthye comfortynge them to reuiue the assaute and in y ● end some he threatened wyth cruell wordes and to other some he made great and large promises and in this sorte wroughte with them that he caused them to put on noble mindes and to begynne agayne the assaulte with farre greater furye then before and euerye man soughte to gette vp the wall one clymynge on the others shoulder and vp by theyr Pykes lyke Cattes some other wont close together couerynge theyr heades with theyr targes and roundels and they that were on the lowe steppes of the ladders vare before them euen of force those that were on the hyghest of the ladders and manye layde holde of the Pikes and punchinge staues of theyr enemies as they thrust at them and so with greate courage gate vp walles and when they were at the highest were stricken downe headlonge into the botome of the dyke by them of the towne and also they made suche spoyle of the enemies by throwynge downe vpon them huge stones artificiall fyres burnynge Piche with Dartes and Pikes of fire workes that it was very strange to behold yet not withstāding the emperour maynteyned theassaut with great discretion and in the place of the weried and spoyled he sente alwayes newe and freshe bandes in suche sorte that he gaue them of the citie no iote of tyme to repose but styll augmented the fighte with newe men so that they of the towne were merneylouslye consumed in a shorte space but that that moste discouraged was that one Iohn Giustiniano a Genouese borne a Noble manne in hys countrey who at the tyme of the seyge happened to bee in Constantinople and behaued hymselfe so worthelye in the defence thereof that they imputed the greatest parte of theyr defence to consist in hym vntyll that at the laste as he was valiauntlye fightinge vpon the walles with the enemies through disgrace he was sore wounded and as it is sayde seing him selfe to lose much bloude woulde not discourage the multitude with callinge for a Surgion but secrently w t drewe him frō the assaute of whose departure when Cōstantine y e Emperour vnderstode he feared it wouldbe the losse of the citie whervpon he went in person to him desired him not to leue y ● assaute but Giustiniano would by no meanes graūt therunto but required to haue a gate opē to y e end he mought go to be dressed then to returne again to y ● citie al y e gates of y ● braies were shut betwene them and the towne to the end that they which fought vpon the vttermost walles shoulde determine there to obtayne the victorie or elles to die in the place for so muche as they beinge once abandoned the losse of the towne muste nedes folowe when the gate was opened Giustiniano went oute through whose absence they of the towne were merueylously discouraged and began verye coldlye to defende the assaulte whiche when the Turkes Bascias and Colonels perceyued they marched on wyth theyr bandes and regimentes serred and with greater furye then before assayled the towne and beganne to climbe the breche whiche they had made with their batterie some by their ladders and some besyde their ladders by the spoyle of the walles and beganne to waxe maisters of the vtter walles and rep●●sed the Grekishe souldiours enforsynge them to flye in great disorder and euerye man by fotemanshyppe soughte to saue one and to get into the citie throughe the same gate that was opened to Giustiniano When the Emperour sawe the shamefull flighte and great disorder of his people he also fled after them not regardyng his imperial maiestie nor sekynge as it became so mightie a prince rather honourably to die with his sworde in his hand then to shew such want of magnanimitie He cam on toward this same gate also wher with the force thrustinge of those which repaired thither to get in he was throwen downe to the earth and in the preasse troden to deathe And amonge so greate a number of Souldiours as then were within the Citie there were found only twayn y ● vtterly despised seruile life and lyke worthye men honorablye died with their swordes in their handes fyghtynge to the vttermoste y e one of thē was Theophilo Paleologo a Greke borne the other Iohn Stiauo a Dalmatian which men este med it to vile in such sort to flie and for a long

he had ment nothinge at all that waye and wolde not discouer his practize by the sodden vnrigging of his Nauie and so to losse the greatest parte of the charges that he had ben at whervpon he determyned to take in hand the enterprise which he had bruted and put his Nauie to the sea and sent them towarde the sea called mare magioro and he in person with his armie went by land thorowe Burgaria towarde the prince of Valachia who dwelled in the loer partes therof towarde the sea Eusino he entred into his caūtre inuading and spoyling a great part therof the prince therof knowing him selfe not able to withstande the force of this mightie prince determined to proue yf he mighte by anye meanes growe to an appointment with him and so to saue hym selfe hauinge greate hope in the cortezic and goodnes of Baiazithe wherof the fame was spred all the countrey ouer and fylled so the myndes of men that all men had good hope of him and sendinge his Oratours vnto him in very hūble sorte to demaūde peace of him y e whiche when Baiazithe had herde he graunted their request withoute difficultie vpon condition that he shoulde paie vnto hym yerely a certaine summe of money in the name of a tribute whervpon he wolde receaue him into his protection when he had thus done he passed the ryuer of Danubio and marched on vntyll he came within the syghte of Moncastro where he had also syghte of his Nauie Moncastro standeth vpon the sea bancke neare to the mouthe of the Ryuer Nester where he entrethe into the sea called Maremagiore the seate of it is naturally stronge the towne is also artificially stronge and of great emportance by meanes of the commodities of the conntre of the ryuer and of the sea and it is of greate reputation in all the countres aboute it which it wone in the tyme of Sultane Mahometh who went thyther w t his campe and besegyd it and when he had batterid it by the space of a moneth he was enforced by meane of y ● great colde to leuie his campe and to departe thence withoute it when Baiazithe had spoyled and proied all the countre aboute it and sawe that they of y ● towne came not forth to the feelde he caused his Nauie to approche neare to the towne and forthewith besegyd it bothe by sea and land in suche sorte that they of the towne were nether able to send forthe nor receaue into them any man and when he sawe the inhabitantes therof determyned to defend it he planted his batteries and began to batter make sondrie breaches and when he had contynued his batterie by y e space of many dayes he had made so great breaches that it semyd vnto him that his men moughte enter the towne at their pleasure wherfore when he had appoynted his Colonels howe they shoulde succede the one the other in the assaulte y ● nexte morning folowing at the pointe of the daye they presented them selues in battayle before the towne Those of the towne were redie at the breaches had maruelously fortified againste the cannon with stronge rampares and excedinge depe dykes and defended them selues nobly in suche sorte that when the enemies presented them selues to the breaches to enter the towne straight way they were with them at the pushe of y e p●ke and bestowed vpon them suche store of shotte artifeciall fyres casting speres and great stones that they enforted them to leue the breaches and they bare them selues so worthily in their defence that they stewe and hurte an exceding great number of y e enemyes and repulsed them often times clene from the breaches but y e enemies were alway supplyed wyth newe regymentes and renewed styll the assaulte and gaue them of the towne no tyme at all to repose and they had of their people slayne and hurte contynually and had not meanes to be supplied w t newe wherby the defendantes began excidingly to decaye and not to be able to answere all places whervpon they receauyd greater hurte of y ● fewe whych they loste then dyd the enemye of the great slaughter y e was made of his when Baiazithe had in this sorte contynued the assaulte the greatest parte of the daye he commaunded to sounde the retreicte and broughte his people home to their lodgings determyning the nexte morning so to deuide the regymentes of his armie that he wolde apointe the Colonelles of the first assaulte so to be supplied from tyme to tyme with newe regymentes that they of the towne shoulde reste nether daye nor nighte and in this sorte he ment to consume them to cut thorowe their newe workes which they had made against y e Cannon and so to enter the towne and beinge in this determination he commaunded hys people to goe to reste wylling them to be redie in battaile the next morning before the rysing of the sunne to assayle the towne againe and neuer to leue the assaulte til thei had repulsed the enimies and taken the towne of force or els there to leaue their lyues when they of the towne vnderstode the great preparation of the enemie for the assaulte they dyscoraged not at al not withstanding the great peryll y ● they were in for that they wanted defendantes consydering their people were maruelously spoiled and consumed but laid to their handes as men of noble myndes repared those places that were nedefull prepared them selues wyth suche force as they had to defende there towne to the vttermost The daye folowing Baiazithe brought his people againe in order to the walles with great noyses and cries and vndoubtedly they assured them selues of the victorie they taried for nothinge but for the token of y e assaulte Baiazith being desyrous to saue both the people and the towne determined to praue if that he coulde by making them to vnderstand the peryll wherin they were cause them to yelde the towne vpon condityones and to saue their liues whervpō he fignified vnto them that he wolde talke with thē sending his messager vnto them gyuing them to vnderstand that be came in ful purpose neuer to leue the assaulte day nor night vntyl he had taken the twone by force and also that yf they taried the assaulte he had gyuen the Towne in proie t● his souldiours and wolde not spare age nor kinde but that he wolde put to the sworde all that euer he founde there but yf they wolde yelde vnto him he wolde gyue them both their lyues and goodes and also it shoulde be in their choise whether they wolde contynue there styll or els departe the towne when they of the towne had herde the offer of this noble prince and had no meanes to saue their lyues consydering that their people were so consumed that they had not number sufficient to furnishe the breaches that were made wherfore they toke a tyme to answere whervpon the cheife of the citie gatheryd togyther and

the towne and assayled hym with greate furye charginge him in suche sorte that hys force was suche that the soul diours of Acomathe not beinge able to endure them were in the fyrste encounter dysordred and put to flyghte and beynge folowed by the horsemen of Selim the greateste parte of them were taken and slayne and Acomathe hauynge hys horse stayne vuder hym and lyinge vpon hym on the grounde coulde not shyfte hym selfe from hym and beynge enuironned wyth a greate number of enemyes was taken he desyred to be broughte to the presence of hys brother and as he was on hys waye goynge towarde him there mette hym certayne that were sent from Selim whyche stayed hym and strangled hym moste miserably Acomathe broughte to the feelde wyth hym two sonnes Amorathe and Aladino whyche in the rencountre that they had wyth Selim as sone as they sawe theyr people begin to recule in y e begining of the battaile conueid thē selues away wolde not come in hys handes but toke sondrie wayes the one of them fled into Persia to the Sophie who entertained him honorably and gaue him great prouision and a wyfe thinckinge to ayde him against Selim but in the ende he became so insolente that he was in tollerable wherfore he put him to deathe the other toke his waie alonge the sea coaste and passed into Sorta and came to Cairo and Selim after this great victorie had against his brother hauinge taken awaye all occasi ones of Cyuyll warres retorned into Gretia hauing determyned in his mynde a iorney against the Sophie and coulde not endure that he shoulde enioye a number of townes in the lesser Armenia whiche were wonte to be gouerned by the princes of the Turckishe nation and besyde that that he shoulde enlarge his dominiones euē to the confines of Turchie doubting muche the fait he of those people for so muche that the greatest number of them were infected with the superstition or heresie y ● the Sophie is beinge deuided from the reste of the Mahometistes into a peculier secte also he wolde not that the subieces of the Sophie shoulde trauaile into his countre nor traffique anye more with his people and when he had arested all the sylkes and goodes of y e marchantes that were subiectes to the Sophie whiche dwelledin Bursta were called aggiammi he sent them to dwell in Constātinople And Iudginge the enterprise against the Sophie to be of greate importance consydering hys great force and power he thoughte to take the matter in hande by great aduisement and to make greate preparation and to goe strongely wherfore be determyned by al meanes possyble to augement the number of his Giantz zaries whervpon he sent into Turchie for all his slaues that he had there that were sufficient to vse weapones and caused them to be enrolled amonge the reste of his Gianizzaries and appointed them to ordinarie masters to showe them howe to vse their weapones and knowinge that his enemie was nothinge so well furnished w t artillerie as he was he determined to alter the artillerie that his father lefte and to make it into suche peces as moughte more easyly be caried and lyke vnto y e whiche the Christianes vse at this daye wherfore he caused to breake all the greate Bombardes and to make them in to halfe cannonnes falcouetes and passe volantes and caused to make a great number of cariages for them and prouided for a great ūmber of Cannonters to vse them oute of Almaigne Hungarie and Fraunce and gaue them greate entertainement he prouided also for other maisters of artillerie as makers of pouder of shotte of fyre woorcks and suche lyke besydes that Iudging harquebuziers on horsbacke very mete to encoūter hys ene mies for so muche as they had sene no suche in tyme before by meanes wherof they sholde be a great terrour to the enemie cheifely to those of the easte partes whose horses not beings acustumed to heare the lyke noyses as sone as they shoulde heare the cracke and thondre of the harquebuzrie they wolde be so affraied that they wolde ronne awaye and disorder all maugre those that rode them and therfore he prouided a great number of them and chose them yonge men and caused them to be daily erercised in the vse therof and made perfytte he prouided them of horses and appointed to euery newe bande a certaine number of olde souldiours suche as had ben well trayned to gouerne and leade them vnto whom he gaue greate entertainement by meanes wher of there came vnto him oute of all partes of christendome in suche sorte as in a sorte tyme he had moe then a thousand on horsebacke besyde a greate number that he had on fote then he determyned also to amend and encrease his Nauie and caused to make in al places vpon the sea syde where he vsed to haue any Naute arseuales to the ende that in tyme of peace his shippes moughte lye co●ered wherin time before they were wonte to lye alway at the rode and so within a fewe yeres to rotte and con●ume and whē he had made these preparationes he then ●etet mined to prouide howe to maintaine al these thigs and with all diligence encreased his reuenue and railed newe impositions vpon all kynde of marchandizes in ●anye places whiche they call Comechi he also cut of ●ll superflouse charges suche as appertained onelye to ●ompe and brauerie and when he had in this sorte re●ormed his state and augmented his bandes bothe of fotemen and horsemen when he sawe tyme conuement he went to the feelde with his armie and wolde no len gar defer the tyme but caused to passe his armie oute of Gretia into Asia and ioyned them with his souldiours of Asia he had then in his campe moe then a hundred fytie thousand horsemen besyde his Gianizzaries and a great number of fotemen then he caused them all to marche on towarde Persia and passed on throughe Capadotia and Licaonia into Armenia the lesse and whē he had broughte it vnder his obedience he determyned or that he wolde passe the ryuer Euphrates to make suer all the passages of the mounte Tauro to the ende that y e passage of his victualles shoulde be free without empechement and therfore sent his ambasciadours to the prince of Adola who possessed manye places in the mountaine to require him to ioyne with him in league who answeryd that he wolde be enemye to nother of them nor wolde deale in there differences betwene the Sophie and him but wolde stande frinde to them both and wolde gyue to ether of them free passage thorowe his countrey and also suche victual as he had which conditiones at that tyme Selim was contented to accepte bicause that he coulde obtaine none other and to auoide the losse of tyme dyd not meane as then to take the coūtre of force for so muche as the prince possessed in y e moūtaines manye places of greate force both naturall

redie certyfyed me by his letters of y e reste Wherfore I doe determyne to make prouisiō and to vse my whole force against him wherfore I giue you to vnderstande that I wyl goe thyther in person firste I wyl besege the Citie of Croia and take it and then al the reste of his state wherfore make you redie for woe shal he be that is not redie at my mustres Scanderbeg was spedyly aduised of this great preparatiō and with al spede furnished the Citie with al kynde of necessaries and good souldiours Albaneses of great experience and faith he gaue them for their general Vurana aforesaid and he in person stode wel vpon his gard in this meane tyme there came a great number of Turckes into Scanderbegs coūtre and encampdd before Sfetigarde a citie that standeth from Croia 58. myles when Scanderbeg vnderstode of this he went forthewith as secretly as he coulde and encamped within .vii. myles of y e Turckishe armie w t. 4. thousand horsemen one thousand fotemen and being thus encamped wolde not suffer day nor nighte any fire to be made within his campe by meanes wherof the enemye vnderstode nothinge of his beinge there in this meane tyme Scanderbeg determyned to put in vse a Strategeme whervpon he wylled the valiante Moises and his Nephewe Musachie de la Angelina to take with them .xxx. horsemen and to disguise themselues and the nexte morninge to attempte as thoughe they wolde goe into Sfetigard leadinge with them certaine Asses loded with corne it was so done acording to his commaundement and in the morninge as sone as the garde of the Turcks campe sawe them thincking y ● they had ben victuallers they hasted to encountre them and when Moises with his companiones had fled a litle waye he torned and charged the Turckes and forthew t slewe .viii. of them and hurte manye whervpon the rest suddenly fled and hasted them to the campe to declare the newes but the Bassa beinge very circumspecte mistrusting as it was in dede that they were no rascalles consyderinge the woundes and great blowes that they had gyuen commaunded 4. thousand horsemen to folowe them and to take them lyuinge Moises which alwaies had regarde to his seinge them comme began to flee and to hide him in a certaine depe valey the Turcks folowed their tracte with great furie In this meane whyle Scanderbeg who dyd attende suche an occasion furnished the entres of the valey and then with certaine bandes with him entred the valley and charged them flewe the greatest number of them and the reste fled in maruelouse disorder and had it not ben that the Bassa loked for Amorathe in person he had then retorned againe with al his armie into the Turckes countrey After this the. 14 of Maye 1449. this Tiran came to his campe in Albania with 160. thousande Turckes with manie great bombardes and a great quantie of other artillerie beseged Sfetigarde very straitly where Pietro Parlato was Captaine who with his souldiours that he had oute of highe Dibra and the reste that were with him in that seege behaued them selues so valiantly that althoughe they were contynually occupied in y e defence of their towne and in scaramoche yet they alwayes lefte with the best but in the ende a certaine traitour dyd caste a ded dogge into their chiefe cisterne of y e towne by meanes wherof the people were greatly consumed and the Tiran Amorathe toke the towne and in the begynninge he dyd entertaine this traitour very honorably and gaue him greate presentes but after certaine daies he was no more seen of anye for in dede princes doe oftē times loue the treason but not the traitour nor neuer truste them after and therfore it is not to be maruelled at that the Turcke seinge suche horible villanie in a man wolde neuer trust him after consydering that for his priuate lucre he coulde be content to shed not onely the bloude of his countremen but also to destroie his religion and betraie his countre After thys Amorathe went and beseged Croia rounde and planted his batteries and battered for the space of 4. montthes notwithstandinge he did them of the towne smale hurte for that the Citie was very stronge on euery syde and y t they had within the towne a plentuouse fountaine of goodly water and an other very faire fountaine behind the Castle which the enemyes coulde neuer possesse In the meane tyme that the Turcke beseged Croia in thys sorte the noble prince Scanderbeg nowe in one place then in an other assayled the Turckes campe and spoyled contynually al such victuallers as came to his campe notwithstandinge for that his number was very smale he coulde not enforce them to rayse their sege In y e ende of y e fourthe monethe aforesayde Amorathe commaunded to gyue a general assaulte to y e towne and to assayle it rounde in the whiche he preuayled not but retorned from the assaulte with great spoyle and losse of his people for the whiche he toke so greate an inwarde grefe y t forthewith he died Then the soroweful amased dishonored and confounded Turckishe armie abandoned y e sege and retorned home in great disorder and were folowed and spoyled in manye places as they passed and were very euel handled in such sort as they came home greatlye diminished and Scanderbeg remained in hys countre with great triumphe and victorie contynully praisinge the Almightye God When Amorathe prince of the Turckes was deade Mahomethe his sonne succeded him in his kingdome he that was sōne to Hierenia or Catagusma daughter to George the Dispotto of Seruia and for that he was not yet suerly established in his seate he coulde doe no great hurte wherfore Scanderbeg beinge desyrous to leaue somme heire of his boddie after him toke to wyfe that excellent faire vertuouse ladie named Doneca daughter to Aranithe Conino but as sone as Mahomethe the newe Turckyshe prince was established in the seate of his father he began immediatly to threaten Scāderbeg and coulde not endure that he shoulde possesse Croia Epirro then Scanderbeg with his 2. thousand horsemen and a thousand fotemen which were his ordinarie garde went to his confines determyning not to enuade at all onles that Mahomethe fyrste began and being in this sorte vpon his cōfines he vnderstode that y e Turcke had no armie in redynes to send against him and consydering that it was nedeful to visyte his countre he toke with him his aforesaide wife and made a visitaciō in his countre mynistring Iustice in suche sorte with mercy that he was bothe honored loued and feared of both● more and lesse a man mought safely haue gone through all that countrey with horses loded with golde no mā wolde haue touched it After this Scanderbeg sent for a great number of masonnes and laborers and went to a certaine highe mountaine ouer the which there liethe awaye that leadethe from Turchie downe into