Medicines thou canst be Master of to drive out the poyson if thou wilt save thy life I never found any thing that was considerable done in the Plague by means of Purging and Bleeding but rather on the contrary all those that had Spots if they were Purged or let Blood soon after died However I will prescribe nothing magisterially to any man let every one endeavour to do what he can give a good account of I have together with my Collegues treated many hundreds in our Hospitals infected with the Plague without ever opening a Vein and yet we have by Gods blessing recovered near 600 persons besides those that by the same mercy we have cured in their several Houses Now to procure sweat in the very beginning take the quantity of two Hasel-nuts of Treacle dissolve it in common Vinegar but if thou canst have a cordial Acetum made of Rosemary Lavender Elder-blossoms Rue Roses or Elder-berries use it much rather and give it the Patient to sweat Or take the roots of Celondine boyl them in Vinegar and dissolve some Treacle in it Or take Carduus benedictus Rue Petasites or Butter-burr a little Angelica Zedoaria or Saxifrage-roots boyl them together in half White-wine and half Vinegar or only Water dissolve a little Treacle or Mithridate in it and let the Patient take it warm to make him sweat Mithridate hath the like virtue with Treacle yet neither of them are safe to take for Women with Child old Persons and young Children You may also make use to good purpose of the Saxon-powder taking of it the weight of a Ducat in Caduus benedictus Scabius or Sorrel-water which Powder is thus to be prepared Take Valerian half an ounce Celondine or Nettel-roots of each one ounce Polypody Althaea or Marchmallow wild Angelica of each two ounces of garden Angelica four ounces of the rind of Laureola or Lowry an ounce and an half These roots are to be dug up in their best strength viz. between the middle of August and the middle of September and being cleansed they are to be cut small and then put in a glazed pot pouring a sharp Vinegar upon it so as to cover it two inches high Then lute on the cover with a lute made of whites of Eggs and Flower let all be boiled upon a gentle fire then pour off the liquor and dry the roots and reduce them to powder mixing with it some 26 berries of Herbe Paris or One-Berrie which look like Pepper-corns very good against poison and thus the powder is made This herb grows in shadowed and moderately moist places I have found of it several times in Koshinger-wood near Ingolstad It hath four leaves on one stalk and one berry on the top An herb belonging to the family of Solanum's or Night shades whence the leaves of it do very much cool Inflammations especially those of the Eyes when laid upon them Take notice of Sorrel bruise some of it and pour Vinegar on 't the Rue acetum is the best and strain the juice through a cloth put into it a little powder of Angelica about the weight of half a Ducat or of the root of Dictam or of Butter-burr or a little Treacle or Mithridate and give it to sweat On this occasion of mentioning Dictam I must add that in our Countrey there grows only the white Dictam which is among others an excellent Antidote but you must take of it the double quantity and weight to that of Creta You may boil of the root of half an ounce in half White-wine and half Vinegar or instead of the Wine in Carduus benedictus water and drink of the Decoction warm and put your self to sweat or take of the powder of it a drachm and an half in warm broth with a little Vinegar for the same purpose The Dictam of Creta hath hairy leaves and purpureous blossoms and is used in the prepation of Treacle This herb by its odour drives away Serpents The wild Goats being hurt by any Arrows eat this herb and 't is said that by this means the Arrows fall out of the wound This perhaps hath no other ground than that of the Poet Virgil affirming that Venus with this herb healed her Son Aeneas when wounded in the War His words are Aeneid 12. Hic Venus indigno nati concussa dolore Dictamnum genitrix Cretaea carpit ab Ida Puberibus caulem foliis flore comantem Purpureo non illa feris incognita Capris Gramina cum tergo volucres haesere sagittae About this time came in the Hungarian Infection which was a Disease that bred such a a putrefaction in the bodies of Men that even when they were near death they fell a vomiting but that with such a stench that no body could endure it Here those Medicines do well that preserve the body from putrefaction for the Plague Spotted Fevers and the Hungarian Distemper proceed all from inward corruption And of them the Plague attacks the Spirits residing in the Heart and so killeth very quickly whereas Spotted Fevers have their seat in the Blood and therefore do last twelve fourteen and sometimes twenty days before they kill But the Hungarian Disease is seated chiefly in the putrified Phlegm of the Head and Brains whence those that labour under it are tormented with great and maniacal head-ach But though these three Diseases have their rise from one and the same cause Putrefaction and are to be cured by the same remedies yet is therein required the discretion of a prudent Physitian for the ordering and prescribing of Medicines according to circumstances Take a drachm of Zedoary give it pulverised to the Patient in Acetum of Rue or Elder or Marrigold flowers or even in common Vinegar Let him sweat upon it 'T is good against all sorts of venom and causeth a sweet breath as resisting inward corruption In the Apothecary Shops you find an Electuary called Diascordium found by that famous Physician Hieronymus Fracastorius It is like to Treacle and Mithridate only 't is red from some Ingredients giving it that colour This may be used with safety by Women with Child young Children and all sorts of Persons whereas as was said above Treacle and Mithridate may not It is made chiefly of Scordium or Water-Germander which hath the smell of Leek when bruised Galen in his first Book De Antidotis Chap. 12. writeth that when in a great Battel some slain Bodies chanced to fall upon this Herb they rotted not as far as they were touched by this Herb. The said Fracastorius did compound this his Diascordium out of this Herb Scordium Tormentil Serpentaria Gentian Bole Armeniac and Terra Sigillata and such like Ingredients It is chiefly to be used in the hot Diseases of the Head which I have done many a hundred times Take of it the weight of about two ducats in common Vinegar or in Elder-water or rather in the expressed Juyce of fresh Sorrel and sweat upon it 'T is very good especially in the
How the Internal Vlcers of the Yard ought to be cured we have set down in the Chapter of particular Vlcers But in this we may describe this Medicine by the use of which a Cancerous Yard was cured An Vnguent of Peter Baierus Take the juice of the tops of Bramble Stalks of Roses Vinegar of each two ounces Franckincense Mastick of each three drams Litharge of Gold an ounce Sack four ounces Juice of Housleek three ounces Aqua vitae four ounces Verdigreece two ounces and half Vitriol Burnt-alom of each a dram and half Camphire a dram Oyl of Roses four ounces Powder those things that are to be powdred very fine and being searched let them boil all together upon a gentle fire except the Camphire which is to be put in at the end to the consumption of the Juices then add the Wax and make it into an Ointment 11. The Spermatick Vessels sometimes in Women are so greatly obstructed that together with the Testicles in the side of Hypogastrium they swell to the bigness of ones Fist 12. In the Tubes of the Womb the Womans Seed is sometimes corrupted from which arise grievous Symptoms the Courses being for some Months obstructed oftentimes there follows a Dropsie the Water here collected we have observed in dead Bodies that have been opened to flow directly through the Tubes into the Duplicature of the Peritonaeum 13. The Womb from the preternatural afflux of Blood is often inflamed especially in lying-in Women and in those whose Courses flow disorderly this Inflammation oftentimes is changed into an Abscess if negligently handled whose Cure belongs to the Physitian But a Sphacelus is incurable For what the Ancients relate concerning the extirpation of the Womb to wit that it may all be taken off without any great danger is to be reckoned amongst their other Errors but whether this Animal in living Creatures this necessary part joyning to so many other parts and furnished with such abundance of Arteries may be cut out without danger of Life The same thing I believe hath hapned to them in this case as hath hapned in the describing and curing the falling down of the Womb who here and there have taken the extended Tunicles of the Vagina Vteri for the Womb it self for I easily grant these Tunicles may without any great danger be taken away But I truly esteem a Sphacelus of the whole Womb to cause certain death 14. The Neck of the Womb is subject to Haemorrhoids in the same manner as the straight Gut is these flowing may be distinguished from the Courses by these following signs in the flowing of the Courses we can observe no Branches of the Vessels in the Neck of the Womb they come out of the Womb it self and they cause no pain except in the Hypogastrium these Vessels by which the Evacuation is made are the Hypogastrick and Spermatick Arteries but the Haemorrhoids are the Branches of Vena pudenda they may be known both by the sight and feeling and there is no pain but in the privy part it self They ought to be treated in the same manner as the other Haemorrhoids are to ease pain this Ointment is excellent Take Mussilages of the Seed of Quinces Marshmallows of each half an ounce Saffron Oyl of Roses Hens-grease of each a dram the Yolk of an Egg Make it into an Ointment This Mixture is excellent Take Litharge of Gold washt Oeruse burnt-Lead of each a scruple Purslane-water five ounces Mix them Let the Haemorrhoids be washt with it and let a Linnen Cloth dipt in it be applied to the Part affected The End of the fourth Book of the third Part. The FIFTH BOOK Of the Joynts CHAP. I. Of the Hand UNder the name of the Hand we comprehend also the Arm whose Teguments both proper and common as also its Vessels are already sufficiently described It is commonly divided into three parts 1. The Shoulder 2. The Cubit 3. The Hand properly so call'd The Shoulder or upper part of the Arm consists of one Bone and nine Muscles The Muscles are 1 2. Deltoides and Supra spinatus which two raise it upward 3 4. Aniscalptor Latissimus and Rotundus major which two pull it downward 5 6. Pectoralis Perforatus or Coracoidaeus which two draw it forward 7 8 9. Infra-spinatus Rotundus minor and Immersus or Subscapularis which three move it backward By these three last moving together the Arm is as it were turned about and obliquely outwardly raised up The Bone is great and long its Head or upper extremity is invested with a Cartilage Membranous Ligament and four Tendons and furnished with a particular Cavity in which the Tendon of the Muscle Triceps lies The Lower Extremity is like unto a Pulley which permits the Cubit to be bent very much inwardly but not to extend beyond the right Line The Cubit consists of two Bones which are by proper Muscles properly moved which although out of order we are forced to set down in this place The Lower Bone which is greater and longer than the other is call'd Vlnae in its upper extremity are two triangular processes observed which are call'd Rostra or Glandes The Lower Extremity ends with a round Knob to which is joyned a sharp Process which is call'd Styloides It is moved by four Muscles of which two are Flexors 1. Biceps 2. Brachiaeus Two Extensors 1. Longus 2. Brevis The upper Bone which is less and shorter is call'd Radius or the lesser Focil it is received in the upper part by the Vlna in the lower part it receives the Vlna in the middle they are a little distant from one another which space is yet fill'd with a thin Ligament It is also moved by four Muscles whereof two are Pronatores or pullers down 1. Rotundus 2. Quadratus The other two are Supinatores or raisers up 3. Longior 4. Brevior Some add to these two other Muscles but they are very seldom found and diversly described The Hand is divided into three parts the Carpus or Wrist the Metacarpus or the distance between the Wrist and Fingers and the Fingers themselves The Carpus hath four Muscles Two Flexors the Cubitaeus and the Radiaeus internus Two Extensors the Cubitaeus and Radiaeus externus Under these lie eight little Bones as yet without name which are in the first years Cartilaginous and soft but afterwards become harder they are tied and joyned together with strong Ligaments The Metacarpus hath two Muscles call'd Palmares longus brevis And four Bones fastened to the Carpus by the assistance of the Cartilaginous Ligaments The Fingers consist of fifteen Bones which as yet have no certain names given them and fourteen Muscles whereof Two are Flexors sublimis profundus Two Extensors Four Adductors Lumbricales Six Abductors or Interossei Three are External and as many Internal Besides these the Thumb and Little Finger have a particular Flexor and Extensor These are besides to be considered in the Hand 1. The Armilla Membranosa
Sugar therewith and of this let him drink a good draught and it will cool and refresh him Besides take some of the guts of Hens and some slices of Radish sprinkle them with Vinegar and Salt and bind them to the soles of his feet this will draw away the heat But let not the Radish lye too long upon them because it will give a stink that may increase the head-ach wherewith the People that have the Plague are commonly troubled enough without provoking it Moreover you will do well to tye about his wrists some Rue beaten with Vinegar Anoint his Loyns and Back-bone with the Unguent of Roses or with fresh Butter but if there appear any Spots forbear to anoint him lest they should be driven in You will do well to have Epithemata of good things about you as of Rose water and Elder-vinegar to lay over the Heart with which mix some Camphir But if you find any thing of Specks c. broke out you must use no wet thing Anoint his Heart with Oyl of Scorpions take the Oyl of Sea-blossoms and of those Earth-worms that appear after rain of each six ounces of St Johns-wort Oyl two ounces of fresh Elder-blossoms and Rue each a handful and an half of the Acetum of Marigold-flowers and Roses each about three ounces of live Spiders forty five Boil all these together till the Vinegar be so qualified that when 't is thrown into the fire it cause no cracking there Then strain it and in this strained Oyl put a matter of five and twenty Spiders more of the biggest sort and add to it of Camphir dissolved in the Spirit of Roses half a drachm let it stand in Balneo Mariae or upon hot embers for twelve hours and then put to it of Treacle and Mithridate of each half an ounce and let them work together With this Oyl anoint the eight Pulses viz. both Temples behind both Ears both Hands and both Knees as also the Heart And this is an excellent Succedaneum to Scorpion-oyl much used by the Germans Besides you must refresh and strengthen the Patient with convenient Meat and Drink I mean with good Flesh or Barley-broath with a little Vinegar in it to make it savoury to him who will have appetite to little else till he have shaken off this venomous Distemper which when he hath done his stomach will be so keen that you will find work enough to keep him from surfeiting Be also careful to keep thy Patients Body open if he be obstructed use a Clister or take Butter or Hogs-grease mixing a little Salt with it or if it be to be gotten a little Mice-trickles and put it into his bowels Physick at the mouth for this purpose is not always safe When the Patient is discharged of the venom a little liquor of stew'd Prunes with some Senna-leaves in it will do well for opening the body Some fresh Butter eaten in the morning or melted in warm Broath and taken down is wont also to keep the body soluble The Drink of these Patients may be Water with some Bread soaked in it or take of such Water wherein Bread hath been soaked one quart and a little Vinegar with two or three spoonfuls of Kitchin-sugar mingling it well together If you have no Sugar use such Water with Vinegar alone This affords good Drink in malignant Fevers Among the Romans it was drunk by the Souldiers under the name of Posca You may also take a handful of well cleaned Plantain-roots and boil them up in three quarts of Water and then decant the Water which though it be somewhat bitter yet 't is very good in Fevers and a good Drink in hot Distempers If you have Oyl of Vitriol let a few drops of it fall into clear Water mingling it well and you will have a factitious Sawer-brun or Acidula But use no Metalline Vessel for this purpose With this kind of Water many People have been served in all sorts of Fevers the Oyl of Vitriol in such Distempers if rightly used being very beneficial But if a Man should have with it any Pulmonick Disease in that case he must forbear acid things and use Liquorice and content himself with Ptisane Nor is it at all good to use acids in Pestilential Pleurisies And since on this occasion we mention this case and we having above given warning not easily to blood in Pestilential Diseases yet may Venae-section be sometimes upon good consideration used in that Pleurisie provided it be done in the very beginning and the Patient be strong and full of Blood Yet this is not to lessen the blood but only to give it vent but before bleeding the Patient is to sweat by taking some of the above specified Antidotes If the Patient have violent Head-ach lay on his head Vine-leaves or fresh Cabbage-leaves and if you have no Alablaster-salve take two parts of Vinegar and one part of Oyl of Olives the Sea-blossoms Oyl and Elder-Vinegar were better dip long rags of linnen therein and having well squeez'd them again lay them lukewarm over the face and temples Even Vinegar alone is good Of such Applications you may make many of Acetum of Roses Elder-blossoms and the like with a little Camphir The expressed Milk of Peaches is also very effectual in this case If at the going off of this Distemper a hot defluxion should fall into the Eyes take Camphir and infuse it in water and often moisten the Eyes therewith and if it should be cold and windy weather you will do well to keep your self out of the open Air and not to let this water dry up in your Eyes in the cold wind In case of having lost thy hearing take of thy own Urine and with it wash thy Ears within but withal dry them very well because that moisture is very noxious to the Ears And it often happens that after the Hungarian Sickness People grow deaf or hard of hearing Others put the water of Carduus-benedictus distilled with Wine into the Ears or the Oyl of bitter Almonds If thy Throat swell or the Palate of thy Mouth be fallen down gargarize thy Throat with warm Milk wherein Figgs have been boil'd or sweetned with Sugar The Flowers of Phyllirea or Mock-privet which grows in the Hedges boiled and used for a gargarism heals also a sore Throat The same doth the middle rind of Oxyacantha or Haw-thorn if boiled with a little Allom dissolved in the Decoction If you have the Juice of Mulberries mix a little Honey of Roses with it and often take a little thereof The Roots of Sloes boiled in red Wine and the Mouth often washed therewith is also very good If thou hast the Squinancy boil Scabious in Meath and drink thereof warm when strain'd Beat Turnips and fry them in Butter or Oyl and clap them in a cloth round about thy Neck If thou cast up blood take Mouse-ear Ground-Ivy Cumfrey boil them in half Wine and half Water or in Meat and Drink often of it But if
them there remains nothing but the bare ragg The Emplastrum Basilicon or the common yellow drawing Plaister is here the most useful You must also surround the Anthrax with good defensives for if it invade the neighbouring part never so little it will soon make a large halo or circle which will at length separate from the sound and fall away like an Escarre For such defensives make use of Album Camphoratum or the Vnguentum de Liquiritia known by our people under the name of Dr. Mindererus his Licorish ointment Item the Vnguentum de Lithargyro or the Vnguentum Jovis prepared of fresh Butter with Thlaspi minus or Bowyers Mustard otherwise narrow-leav'd wild Cresses Cranes-bill Elder Poppy Vervain and some shaved Licorish Some take nothing but Vervain and the fresh leaves of Henbane beaten together and the Juyce strained and so used Of this Ointment you may make much with confidence for it will do you very good service in Inflammations especially in the case of the swelling of the Groins Amongst the approved Medicines for this purpose may deservedly be reckoned the Plaister made of Soot which is thus to be prepared Take of the finest Chimney-soot one ounce and a quarter of Leaven Turpentine and fresh Butter ana one ounce of Venetian Soap an ounce and a half two Yolks of Eggs of Treacle and Mithridate ana a quarter of an ounce Beat all these together in a Mortar and so reduce it to a paste and then use it Plaister-wise When the Anthrax or the Carbuncle is broken you must then handle it very gently and discreetly using only the above-described Egg-salve putting it into the opening and covering the Sore only with the common yellow drawing Plaister or the Plaister prepared of Oyl Wax and Rosin or Turpentine Let the matter work out well and when you are sure that 't is very clean and have a mind to consolidate it make only use of Triapharmacon vulgarly call'd the brown Diachylon you may besides put into it some of the Vnguentum de Tutia and that of the Diapompholox and one of the Plaisters of them upon it The Vlme-plaister also made of Oyl and Ceruse heals also very well But be very careful lest any of the matter remain lurking in the Ulcer If here and there any should be found yet remaining as often happens then make use of the Emplastrum Apostolorum But if you can prepare the Diapalma otherwise called Diacalcithros make use of that I am wont to call it the Fistula-plaister because it doth not easily suffer Fistula's to stink but keeps them clean and sweet Such a Plaister is also that which is called Isis to be found in Galen and performing the same thing They are both to be found in the Augustan Dispensatory together with the way of preparing them Now what concerns Old Sores which many are troubled with in their Leggs especially because the humors of the body usually settle there you must above all things be careful to keep them clean and to that end wash them at least once a day with your own Urine Or boil Carduus benedictus Egrimony Plantain and Roots of Tormentil in half small Meath and half Wine and wash the Ulcer with it as often as you dress it Among the common Plaisters for such evils is the brawn Diachylum one of the best Else you may prepare this Ointment which follows Take the middle rind of Elder and St. Johns-wort boil them in Oyl putting a little Wine to it and so let it boil up till the Wine be boiled away then take it off from the fire and let it cool this done stir a little Turpentine amongst it and a Yolk or two of Eggs according as you make a greater or lesser quantity mixing with it a little Allum and Vitriol the white is the best stir all well together and apply it to the Ulcer and make a bandage and cover it as usually For a good Drawing-plaister take Rosin Bees-wax and Oyl-Olive the quantity of the Rosin must be but the half of the Wax Let them melt together and stir amongst it some Tartar exquisitely powder'd Use not much of fatty things to such Ulcers I have had under my care such Ulcers that were to be healed with only dry things as with strewing in of Crocus Martis and the red Earth of Vitriol of which hereafter For this reason the antient Physicians and Chirurgeons invented a dry Stone which they kept so secret that they called it Lapis Philosophorum which is easily made as followeth Take Allum Hungarian Vitriol of each one pound beat them to powder and mix them well together then put all into a glased earthen pot and pour upon it two quarts of Water boil them together and stir them continually with a Spatula taking off the scum When 't is boiled in put to it an ounce of Bolus Armenus an ounce and a half of Ceruse a quarter of an ounce of Camphir all finely powder'd stirring it well about lastly put it to a quart of sharp Vinegar and boil all together to a stony consistence which reduce to powder and of it strew a little into the Ulcer or let some of it dissolve in a convenient Liquor and wash the Ulcer therewith or dip some Linnen raggs in it and lay it over the place 'T is also prepared this way Take green and white Vitriol of each a drachm of Lapis Calaminaris Ceruse Bol-Armeniack of each two ounces and a half of Sal-Armoniack an ounce Beat them all to powder put them in an earthen pot mingle and stir them together in Vinegar to be a thick pulse then put your pot upon a hot charcoal-Charcoal-fire to let it grow red hot so as that the matter be reduced to a stony consistence of which dissolve about half an ounce in half a pint of Water dip Linnen raggs into it and put it twice a day upon the Ulcer 'T is also very good for purulent Breasts I was speaking above of Lavements These you may prepare of all sorts of Wound-herbs by boiling Consound Bugle Fluellin Ground-Ivy Yarrow Snake-weed Avens Arsmart you may also against putrefaction and the settling of purulent matter mix sometimes a little Myrrh or Aloes Epatica Frankincense Mastick quick Brimstone Camphir Niter Allum Vitriol or the like Nor is it needful to bind your self to this or that precisely but you may take such of them as you can get I have a peculiar Ulcer-salve which I call Vnguentum Decameron being made of ten sorts of Juices Of these the principal is the Juice of Persicaria Arsmart to which are added the Juices of Groundsel Tobacco Yarrow sharp-pointed Dock Cranes-bill broad and pointed Plantain Centory St. Johns-wort and Celondine These Juices must be well strained and then kept for some days in glasses or glased Vessels to settle and then very gently pour off the clear from the sediment Which done boil them with fresh Butter and some good Licorish newly scraped as also some Tormentil and Cumfrey adding a
little red Hounds-tongue Salve and Oyl of Myrrh and Deer-suet Let all be boiled together till the cracking cease and the Juice be boiled in Then strain it through a Linnen Cloth and add to it some Venice-Turpentine Gum Elemi and a little Bees-wax both the latter melted each a part Of the Wax there needs no more than to bring the Salve to a due consistence Then is this Unguent prepared to which may be added a little refined Verdigrease which will make it perfect It is of great efficacy in foul Wounds for both cleansing and healing as experience will shew A Chirurgeon in meeting with Ulcers is to observe well the purulent matter that issues since he may from thence learn the condition of the evil whether it proceed from foul Blood Gall corrupt Phlegm or Adust Melancholy If the evil grow worse and the Humors of the Body force their way copiously thorow then beware and withal exhort the Patient to purge or to sweat with taking some Sassafrass or the like The Sanies or matter that is thick white and well digested is the best but when there runs but a sharp water out of the Ulcer this is not good and is withal painful Which to obviate you must use Litharge Ceruse and the like putting also beaten Lead upon the place and cleansing the fistulat holes with Lead-oyl qualifying its sharpness with Oyl of Eggs. This Lead-oyl is made two ways the the one out of Ceruse which is green the other out of Litharge which is yellow or reddish Both are prepared with Vinegar Boil Celondine in wine and with this wine you may also cleanse the Ulcer with good effect Mix afterwards a drachm of Verdigrease with about four ounces of the Juyce of Ground-Ivy use it with wiecks or raggs dipt therein for the foul Ulcer-holes Burn Oyster-shells to powder and use it for old Ulcers that need cleansing which this powder will well perform by reason of the Salt that is in those shells You may sometimes have occasion also of the Mercurius praecipitatus or the Mercurius dulcis Cosmeticus If you can prepare this you have a good Remedy As for hard Knobs and Boyls they commonly owing their rise to the Venereal Disease are not so proper for this place However you may make a plaister against such Knobs of the phlegm of Althaea or Marsh-mallows Gummi Ammoniac Galbanum Turpentine Myrrh Missel-toe of the oak mixing a little Bee-wax therewith and some Oyl of Earth-worms If you will have it stronger mix with it Gumm Elemi Tacamahaca or Carana But this can only be compassed by the rich men the poor must be content with the Melilot-plaister mixt with Saffron and the Oyl of Mullain or Dill. You may also prepare for such Patients a Salve of Fox-oyl Dill-oyl Turpentine Man-grease and the like mixing therewith some Oyl of Earth-worms and the Oyl of Mullain-flowers Camomil and white Lillies CHAP. IX Of the Chirurgical means of staunching blood of Wound-balsoms and plaisters of Wound-drinks and remedies for Burnings THis is the most necessary Chapter of this whole Tract For although in every Camp yea in every Regiment and even in every Company there ought to be one or more Chirurgeons yet because in a battle or the storming of a strong-hold there may be wounded a very great number of men who by reason of the multitude cannot all be dressed by the Chirurgeons every common Souldier that is sound and unhurt is obliged to assist his fellow considering it may soon be his own case In the first place then refresh thy fellow that is wounded with wine cold water vinegar or the like then place him in a right posture For if the wounds be in the head or about the breast you ought to lay him high with his head and shoulders that so the blood may sink down from the places wounded If his legg be hurt put it so that it may not hang downwards and thereby the afflux from the body be prevented which otherwise might cause a tumour If the wounds be in the middle of the body then place him so that if possible he may lye somewhat hollow with his back This done wash the wound very gently so as not to anger it with meer wine or even with pure common water only with a very little salt cast into it or with the Patients own urine and then dry it with lint of long-worn linnen without much stirring in the wound for fear of making the veins bleed again If any one do bleed so copiously that it is not easily stopp'd and the Patient is in danger then receive of his blood in an Iron pan and letting it run about therein hold it over the fire till it be dry and between your fingers friable to powder of which strew some into the bleeding wound and it will stop it But of this case more hereafter The wound being cleansed and the bleeding stayed take fine linnen-raggs burn them as you are wont to do for tinder and quench it in Oyl of Olives and put some of it into the wound If you have no plaister at hand take a slice of unsalted lard and lay it on If that be also wanting dip a pledget of linnen-raggs in warm wine and being wrung out very dry lay it upon the wound and a dry bandage over it that so the moist pledget may long keep warm Though in such wounds as are apt to bleed much warm bandages are often to be avoided and sometimes but with singular care and discretion cold bandages to be used if the hurt be not in the brain breast or bowels Whence old Hippocrates hath this Aphorism Frigido verò in iis locis utendum unde sanguis aut fluit aut fluxurus est Yet this must be done with great caution lest in the place affected there should follow a Gangrene After this take Oyl of Olives and Wine beat them well together and warm the mixture dip it in Linnen pledgets wring them dry and lay them on warm with a dry bandage over it This must de done once every hour or every two hours nor let this care and labour seem irksom to you for it will have a good effect This Dress is almost the only thing which the Knights of Maltha make use of at Sea to heal their wounds for the Oyl allays the pain and the swelling as the Wine cleanseth and these two together cause healing Whence the Samaritan in the Gospel is said to have poured only Oyl and Wine into the wounds of him that was fallen among Thieves You may therefore make out of these two a Wound-salve that may be equivalent to almost every common Wound-balsom preparing it thus Take one part of Oyl-olive and two parts of Wine boil them together till the Wine be boiled in and the Oyl when any is thrown into the fire cracks no more and you have a Wound-oyl according to wish Put of it with fine Linnen shavings into the wound and it will for a plain Remedy do
Amber Mastick of each a dram Turpentine half an ounce Euphorbium a dram Ung. Aegyptiacum half an ounce yolks of one Egg Oyl of Elders as much as is sufficient Saffron a scruple Make it into an Ointment Another more excellent than the former and which likewise resists Putrefaction Take Tar Turpentine Galbanum of each two ounces Mastick Frankincense Nitre Sal Armoniack of each an ounce Allom half a dram Verdigrease white Vitriol Camphire Powder of Worms of each a dram Oyl of Lin seed Roses of each two ounces Oyl of Worms and Turpentine of each a dram Molax them with a gentle Fire and make them into an Ointment If the Nerve hinder not in a great putrefaction there may be added some Precipitated Mercury An Anodine Plaister Take Bean-meal Crums of brown-Bread of each two drams let them be put in Milk adding to them Oyl of Roses Violets of each an ounce Yolks of Eggs No. iij. Powder of Red Roses Scordium of each an ounce and half Wax as much as sufficeth Make it into a Plaister An Anodine Cataplasm Take Roots of Marshmallows Comfrey the greater of each an ounce Flowers of Camomil Melilot St. John's wort of each half a handful Tops of Wormwood two pugils boil them in Milk adding to them of the Meal of Marshmallow-roots and Beans of each an ounce and an half Make it into a Poultice If the Wound be quite through a Tent must be put into both Orifices for a Flamula is inconvenient and hurtful At first dressing it once a day is sufficient for in Wounds made by Gun-shot there seldom appears any Matter before the third or fourth day after this the quantity or acrimony of the Matter will guide you best whether it is to be drest once twice or thrice a day CHAP. X. Of Poysoned Wounds POysoned Wounds are made sometimes by Bullets Arrows Swords and other Instruments sometimes by mad Beasts as Dogs Wolves which hurt more by their venomous quality than by wounding Signs are vehement pain a livid Colour suddenly becoming black Symptoms more grievous than for the quality of the Wound a Heat over the whole Body Trembling Delirium Fainting c. Prognosticks A poysoned Wound though little may bring death especially if near to the Heart or any other Noble Part or the Chirurgeon not call'd soon enough Cure consists chiefly in this that the Venom be drawn forth by Cupping glasses attractive Medicines Scarifications or which is safest by an actual Cautery but then it must not be in a Nervous Part the Escar to be forthwith removed and the Wound to be cured by degrees Inwardly Sudorificks and Cordials profit Bleeding and Purging hurt A Plaister that draws forth the Poyson out of the Wound and corroborates the Part. Take boiled Onions three ounces Treacle half an ounce Goats dung an ounce Angelica-Roots in Powder a dram and half Oyl of Scorpions an ounce and half Honey and Wax as much as is sufficient to make it into a Plaister That corroborates the Part extracts the Venom produceth Matter and incarns the Wound Take Gums Galbanum Sagapenum Opoponax Assa Foetida Mirtle Pepper Brimstone of each six drams Pigeons and Ducks-dung of each an ounce Mummy half an ounce the great Comfrey-Roots powdered three drams Oyl of St. John's-wort as much as sufficeth to make it into a Plaister CHAP. XI Of particular Wounds IN Wounds of the Head where the Pericranium is hurt a stitch either by Needle or Plaister is not convenient fat things hurt but comforting and drying profit much Take Mastick Myrrhe Aloes Sarcocols of each half a dram Dragons-blood two scruples Bole a scruple Venice-Turpentine two ounces Honey of Roses a little Make it into a Plaister Wounds of the Brain are accompanied with pain of the Meninges and a great Flux of Blood to which succeeds other Symptoms and for the most part Death it self Oyl of Roses applied warm greatly easeth pain and fresh Pigeons-blood effects the same In an Haemorage Take Myrrhe Aloes Mastick Dragons-blood Rhubarb Red Coral prepared Hares hair cut small of each a dram Make it into a very a fine Powder Wounds of the Face are not to be stitcht but always care is to be taken that the Scars may not render it deformed In Wounds of the Eyes you must abstain from all Unctious things The sound Eye is to be bound as well as the whole The Head must be placed upright if there be a Flux of Blood the following things are convenient The Blood of Turtles Pigeons Hens Mucilage of the seeds of Fleawort of Quinces Tragacanth Bloodstone Ceruse Tutty Frankincense Aloes the white of an Egg Water of Roses and Plantain Decoction of Balaustians Red Roses Galls c. Take white Troches of Rasis prepared Tutty Aloes Powdered of each half a scruple Red-wine an ounce Red Rose water and Plantain of each two ounces Mucilage of the seeds of Fleawort Tragacanth of each a dram Make a Collyrium In pain Womans-milk fresh is good or the above described Collyrium adding to it half a scruple of Opium and applying over it this Cataplasm Take of rotten Apples two ounces Flowers of Linseed half an ounce Mucilage Seeds of Flea wort two drams crude Opium half a dram Yolks of Eggs as much as is sufficient to make it into a Cataplasm A part of the Nose quite cut off never unites again although the Wound be but just made but if it adheres still to the Body 't is to be stitched to it with a Needle Wounds of the Ears and Lips find greater benefit from the Needle than from Ligature Wounds of the Lungs require comforting and drying Medicines sharp being here very hurtful though used in other Wounds Externally Take Roots of great Comfrey Tormentil Cloves of each half an ounce Flowers of Red Roses half a handful Mastick Myrrhe Aloes of each a dram boil them in Barley-water and to half a pint of the strained Liquor add Syrup of Mirtles common and strained Honey of Roses of each two ounces Make it into a Liniment Internally Take Leaves of Fluellin Strawberries Sanicle of each half a handful Lung-wort a handful Roots of Angelica two drams Liquoras a dram Jujubies No. xv Raisons half an ounce boil them in Barley-water and add to a pint and half of the strained Liquor Syrup of Diacodion three ounces Mix them let them take four ounces of it three or four times a day Half a dram of Sperma Ceti taken every day is excellent but it weakens the Brain Wounds of the Heart are always mortal and those that penetrate into the left Ventricle kill suddenly they seldom live so wounded above six twelve or twenty hours although there are examples produced for it If wounded into the right Ventricle it permits the Patient to live longer but that which terminates in the substance of the Heart grants yet longer time Wounds of the Stomach for the most part are left to be cured by Nature which here doth miracles yet in a Flux of Blood Bleeding is requisite In
Nerves are corrupted and the whole Member subject to danger In this case you must not flatter your self that Medicines can effect any thing before you come to the bottom that is the Bone it self And the Bone being made sound the Ulcer will be cured and the flesh return unto its natural Constitution It is therefore necessary to make Incision even down to the Bone it self and if there be a great excrescency extirpate it and if it be observed to rise again apply an actual Cautery always consideration being had of the Bone Remedies proper against Putrefaction of the Bones are already both by us and others sufficiently described To take away the Excrescency of the Flesh Oyl of Vitriol Oyl of Antimony Spirit of Vitriol Ung. Aegyptiacum Fuscum of Felix Wurtz are very good and this Powder is excellent Take the Restaurative Powder an ounce white Vitriol a dram prepared Arsenick two drams Mix them Sprinkle it upon the proud Flesh laying over it a drying Plaister and it will make a thick Escar without great pain which may be taken off the next day 2. The Cause of a Cancer of the Bone by the Dutch named een Beenvreeter is a sharp Humor first corroding the Bone then making its way through the Periostium then follows an Ulcer of the Flesh and Skin incurable before the Bone be made sound its Orifice is very little the edges are pale the Matter that flows forth is thin the Flesh soft and somewhat swell'd at least as we have spoken in an Ulcerous Excrescency encreaseth of its own accord Here also is Incision necessary made according to the length of the Part to the Bone it self forthwith must be applyed those things that correct Putrefaction to wit Euphorbium Spirit of Vitriol mixt with Spirit of Wine e. I have not only once experienc'd the Powder of Turpentine hardned by boiling to be of great virtue mixt with Ung. Fuscum of Felix Wurtz or Aegyptiacum an actual Cautery is very convenient The Cure also will be accelerated if instead of Tents made of Lint you use Elder-pitch because this inbibes the sharp and thin Humors by which the Action of Nature is promoted Seeing that for the most part these Diseases arise from the distemperature of the whole Mass of Blood and when one Cancer is almost cured another appears in some other place therefore 't is highly necessary to have regard to the whole Body For which purpose the following or the like Medicines may be taken Take Roots of Comfry the great Osmund Royal China Sarsaparella of each an ounce Guaiacum Bark two ounces Rhubarb six drams Senna ten drams Agarick six drams Cloves a dram Cinamon two drams Infuse them 24 hours in a sufficient quantity of Barley water then boil them with a gentle fire and to two quarts of the strained Liquor add of Syrup of Comfrey of Fernelius four ounces Make it into an Apozeme Let the Patient of a middle age take three four or five ounces it purgeth gently forwards the Cure and preserves from further mischiefs 3. The Bones also are subject to certain Tubercles called Tophs and Nodes These for the most part are the Symptoms of the Pox. I shall only set down here some External Medicines approved by long Practice Take Oyl of Venice-Turpentine of Euphorbium of Guaiacum destilled of each two drams Crude Opium half a dram Make it into a Liniment Or Take Mastick Male-Frankincense of each two drams Ladanum half an ounce Quick-silver extinct in Turpentine an ounce Crude Antimony three drams Crude Opium a dram Venice-Turpentine as much as sufficeth to make it into a Plaister Or Take the Juice of Housleek Henbane Celandine the greater of each a dram Mans-fat three drams Oyl of white Lillies Camomile of each two drams Boil them to the Consumption of the Juices afterwards add of Mercury sublimate a dram and scruple Venice-Sope two drams Crude Antimony three drams Mummy Opium of each a dram Ladanum and Wax as much as is sufficient to make it a Plaister according to Art 4. Moreover it is to be observed that no Fat or Oyly Medicines are to be used to the Bone except they are dxtream drying or that by Distillation have lost all their Unctiousness CHAP. IV. Of a Cartilage A Cartilage is a similar spermatick Part drier and harder than a Ligament but moister and softer than a Bone rendring the Articulation the more pliable and defending several parts from external injuries Difference Some are softer especially about the Joynts others harder and differing not much from the nature of a Bone 'T is nourish'd by little Arteries It is endowed neither with Nerves nor Membranes and by consequence without sense It s use is to facilitate motion and to defend some Parts from external injuries whereupon it is scarce subject to any Chirurgical Considerations Not seldom are the Cartilages together with the Bones both corrupted and cured other particular Diseases it scarce hath any besides too great a hardness or softness Of both which we will give Examples 1. The Epiglotis sometimes is so indurated as that it not only deprives of Speech but also hinders the Patient from swallowing except a great piece for Drink and all other liquid things pass into the Wind-pipe as not being well closed by the stiff Epiglotis This Disease is incurable 2. Glottis or Chink of the Larinx either from Meat or Drink or Medicine is sometimes so straight closed together as the Patient cannot make any noise this we remedy by the following Medicines Purging and Bleeding if necessary having gone before Take Milk six ounces Yolk of an Egg White-Sugar three drams Mingle them let the Patient take often a spoonful or two Or Take Frankincense Mirrhe of each a scruple Eastern Saffron half a scruple Juice of Liquoras a dram and an half Gum Tragaganth two drams Sugar as much as sufficeth to make them into Troches always holding one of them in the Mouth and swallowing them down I deem those Anatomists to have committed a great Error who have ascribed this Malady to be an Inflamation of the Larinx although I deny not but that the Cartilages may be inflamed and also corrupted yet 't is certain that which they have set down is not of the Cartilages but of the neighbouring Glandules and of the fleshy parts of the Jaws for it would not be so frequently cured because an Inflamation and Corruption of the Larinx I always esteemed a mortal Disease 2. The Sword-like Cartilage of the Breast is oftner than Practitioners take notice of unnaturally bent inward from Humors flowing in too great quantity and so inclining with the point inward presseth the Stomach from whence comes a diminution of the Appetite a Vomiting of what is taken in with a continual pain of the Stomach and a wasting of the whole Body 't is easie for an Anatomist by the touch to apprehend this Malady and in the space of few hours to cure it for otherwise men are miserably troubled for many years
from this following taken by spoonfuls Take Fracastorius his Diascordium two drams Amber half a scruple red Coral prepared Dragons blood of each a scruple prepared Pearls half a scruple Fennel-water an ounce Plantane and Rose-water of each an ounce and half Syrup of Comfery of Fernelius an ounce Mix them Clysters of an astringent drying emollient quality given twice or thrice in a day have likewise in this case been found very necessary Take Roots of Comfrey the greater an ounce Bistort and Tormentil Roots of each three drams Oak-leaves half a handful Flowers of Balaustians Red Roses of each a pugil Aniseeds three drams boil them in Cows Milk that hath been burnt to into 8 ounces of Liquor dissolve of Venice Turpentine two drams one Yolk of an Egg white Troches of Rhasis a dram Honey of Mercury half an ounce of Roses an ounce Make a Clyster The Bathing of the Belly with the Lees of white or rather of red Wine and the applying to it afterward a warm cloth three or four times doubled have by some been found to be of singular benefit or else the Ointment and Plaister following may be made use of Take Oyl of Mastick of exprest Nutmegs of each a dram Oyl of Dill Wormwood Myrtles of each two drams old Treacle three drams Mix them Take Bolearmenick Franckincense Mastick Dragons-blood of each two drams Mummy three drams Powder of Galls a dram half Seeds of Carrots Lovage Anise Myrtles of each a scruple Oyl of Nutmegs by expression three drams Venice-Turpentine as much as sufficeth to make it into a Plaister And thus much may suffice to have been spoken concerning the inward Symptoms of the Plague the outward are three the Spots call'd Petechiae the Bubo and the Carbuncle The Spots can hardly any other way be better removed than by inward Remedies but they do usually portend some mischief The Bubo I am wont to deal with after this manner following At the first appearance of it and although the swelling hath arrived to no considerable height I draw a Blister without making use of Cupping-glasses which by reason that they cause a great deal of pain create a Fever draw unto them both the good bad Humors cause a greater alteration than was before in the Blood I do utterly lay aside After 7 or 8 hours cutting the Blister I apply unto that part a Magnetick Plaister of Arsenick the virtue whereof is so great that I know not any more excellent which will appear to whomsoever shall make use of it the account of it out of Hartman and Agricola is as followeth The Magnetick Arsenical Plaister Take Crude Antimony yellow Brimstone white Arsenick of each two ounces When you have beat them very small let them be put into a Viol covered in Sand to which you must apply fire till they are all melted appear to be of a dark red colour when it is cool it may be taken out of the Vessel and this is that which they call the Arsenical Magnet and hath not in it any thing of Poyson as it may be easily experimented upon Dogs afterwards Take Gum Sagapenum Ammoniacum Galbanum of the Arsenical Magnet of each three drams Turpentine of the Larch-tree Wax of each half an ounce Oyl of Amber two drams Dulcified Earth of Vitriol a dram Let the Gums be dissolved in the strongest Wine-Vinegar and strained through a Linnen Cloth let them after that be boiled up to their former consistence then melt the Wax and the Turpentine together by themselves when you have taken them off from the fire stir them well till you have brought them to the consistence of an Ointment then add to them the Gums beforementioned the Arsenical Magnet together with the Earth of Vitriol and Oyl of Amber you will have that plaister which is most effectual for drawing forth all sorts of Poyson I have found the virtue of this Plaister to be such that if it be applied to those parts where the Skin is somewhat hard it leaves not the least sign of a Scar and yet doth so plentifully draw forth the malignant Humor that a Bubo of the bigness of a Walnut will in the space of 5 or 6 days be utterly taken away but because it doth not always so suddenly produce this Effect it is often very necessary to raise a Blister for evacuation of the Humors And it is observable that in some strong Bodies it causeth no Escar at all unless when the Blister hath corroded not only the outward but also the inward Skin But in Children and more tender Bodies it will of it self cause an Escar although there be no Blister drawn before the application of it This Escar or Crust is the true seat of the Venom which is extracted is of that thickness especially considering that the Skin is but superficially corroded that it is well worth our while to consider it For I do believe that to be the reason why it is much sooner separated than other Crusts or Scars that are caused by Art for in the space of 24 or 36 hours if no Scarification hath preceded it may be easily taken off without any or at least with a very small pain if you make use of any Antipestilential Plaister and add unto it some Treacle or Vnguentum Basilicum or else the severing of the Escar may be very much promoted by this Ointment Take Virgins-Honey Ducks-greese of each an ounce Soot six drams Turpentine an ounce Yolks of two Eggs Treacle three drams Oyl of Scorpions as much as sufficeth to make it into an Ointment But if the Tumor is not sufficiently abated when the first Crust is taken off by the Arsenical Magnetick Plaister it is requisite that you create a second or third and then proceed as before The Ulcer may be consolidated by a Plaister of Minium of White Lead Diapompholigos or some such Remedy which drieth up the Humor and bringeth the Ulcer to a Cicatrice But we must observe this by the way that this Consolidation is not to be wrought too suddenly lest part of the poysonous Humor which still remains in the Body should cause some new Disease which may be fatal to the Patient For want of the Magnetick Plaister you may make use of this following if you take care first to raise a Blister the vertue whereof hath been found to be very great by several for the taking away of painful Scrophula's and the excellent qualities that are in it have made it famous by the name of The Divine Plaister Take Gum Galbanum an ounce Ammoniacum two drams Oppoponax three drams yellow Wax twenty ounces Oyl of Olives 24 ounces Litharge of Gold 17 ounces Olibanum two ounces Mirrhe Frankincense of each ten drams Verdigreece long Birthwort Mastick of each an ounce Bdellium Loadstone of each two ounces Make it according to Art into a Plaister If the Bubo is too protuberant or cleaves to the Tendon a Vesicatory is too weak but
and dip it into Smiths-water in which first some crude Allum hath been dissolved Let this lump be dried again and then draw it thorough the Spawn of Frogs so as that the Spawn may every where hang on it and expose it to the Air to dry and afterwards draw the same again thorough Frog-spawn Which repeat as often as you can during the season of Frog-spawn for the oftner you dip the raggs into it the more vertue they will receive This Spawn stauncheth bleeding with a good bandage I have often used with good success the distilled water of Frog-spawn in the bleeding of the Nose first mixt with crude Allum and then drawn up into the Nostrils Take a green Frog burn him in a pipkin not to ashes but so as to be reducible to powder This powder put into a small Taffaty-bagg and hang it about the neck of a woman that floods excessively and she will find great help from it Having often made mention of Allum which is one of the chief remedies for stopping of blood I will make publick the Magistery of Allum which I have hitherto kept secret Take then of the best and clearest Allum as much as you please pulverise it and put the powder into an Oxe-or Swines-bladder tying it very close Then throw it into a kettle of hot water and the Allum will be dissolved this Solution bring over the helm out of a low retort until the Allum get a caput mortuum then cease to urge the fire any more lest you force corrosive spirits from it which are noxious to our present purpose This caput mortuum put again into a bladder and dissolve it as before and do this so long until the whole body of your Allum be brought over the helm But you must filter the first solution for fear of any dust or other heterogeneous matter mixt with it This is the Magistery of Allum able to draw the veins together without corrosion Apply this to wounds or any other bleeding part You may mix with it Tragacanth Gummi Arabick Sanguis Draconis and well-beaten Whites of Eggs. Take good notice whether the wounded Patient have heated himself in storming a place or by any other military execution or whether he be yet distemper'd by passion for as long as this lasts the blood is in a rage and can hardly be stopped In this case stop the wound with Peacocks dung and take Vineger and Whites of Eggs well beaten together a little Allum and refined Salt-peter put to it as much Frog-spawn Shepherds-purse broad Plantain or other convenient water as is necessary so that there may be three parts of water and one part of vinegar dip pledgets into it and clap them cold to the wound and the bleeding will cease Crocus Martis also is an excellent stauncher of blood to be used both inwardly and outwardly For inwardly it cureth the Bloody Flux and other Fluxes and outwardly applied to wounds and strewed into them it closeth the veins But it must not be prepared with Aqua-fortis or distilled Vineger or any corrosive thing but only by the heat of a reverberating furnace and afterwards distil often from it some proper water as of Roses Speed-well Self-heal or broad Plantain after which preparation it is divers times to pass again through a reverberating furnace until it grow as light as a down-feather And then 't is fit for our purpose for as long as it is strong and heavy the body of it is not throughly opened Among other things you may make use of the Red earth of Vitriol which is to be thus prepared Take Vitriol as much as you please put it in a new unglased pipkin into a Potters oven to deprive it of its moisture and to reduce it to a Colcothar Then pulverise this calcined Vitriol and in a large glased earthen dish pour hot water on it letting it stand so for four or five hours then decant the water and pour other hot water upon it as before repeating this three four or five times until all the salt be got out of the said Colcothar which whether it be done may easily be found by the taste Then dry this red dulcified Earth and it will prove a very good blood-staunching medicine which may also in other cases be variously used as you 'l find it hereafter of great use in my plaister for wounds made by thrusting The water you had poured on this Colcothar you ought not to throw away as useless but to put it by and for other occasions you may boil it away and it will leave a Salt behind as white as snow with which you may do wonders in foul Sores I have used it with good success in such cases in which it cleanseth and maketh a firm ground for new and good flesh to grow upon For though there be many things that cleanse Sores yet they leave the flesh loose and spungy but this is both astringent and withal maketh such a sound and firm bottom that you may trust to it Whence also it is to be used in fistulous Sores But to return to the stopping of Blood take the blood of a Lamb or Sheep let it stand in a clean earthen vessel until the serum be sever'd from it pour this off and dry the blood well in a new glased pipkin upon hot embers Then pulverise it and mix with it a fourth part of clean pulverised Tragacanth and strew this into the wound If the issue of the blood be so impetuous that it washes away the first application then wipe the wound again and strew into it of the same powder the second time Putting amongst it Allum Crocus Martis or the red Earth of Vitriol you will do well Bind the wound with the Emplastrum Santalinum which is called Incognitum by our Chirurgeons or with the Ceratum ex pelle arietina due to Arnoldus de Villa nova The blood being stopt and the wound cleansed you must then apply good vulnerary Oyls or Wound-balsoms Oyls are all as I mention'd above fatty whence it is that they do not easily consolidate wounds unless you put to them some refined Mastic Sarco-colla Sanguis Draconis Sandarach or the like But to open unto you the good affection of my heart I shall describe here my Wound-balsom wherewith I have by Gods assistance done much good viz. Take as much as you please of Turpentine of Cyprus which comes from Venice and is taken inwardly and the same quantity of the red Oyl of St. Johns-wort dissolve them together Then take Gumm Elemy dissolve it apart and pour it among the other and so let all cool and when 't is half cold pour amongst it a little Oyl of Bees-wax and your Balsom is prepared I cannot tell you the precise weight of each ingredient because as often as I have prepared it I have done it by the Eye and as it seemed good unto me only note that there must be so much of the Gumm Elemy as to give it a due
and white Wax and melt them over the fire yet so as that you melt the Wax by it self and add of it no more to the rest than to make it a thin plaister Into this compound you must dip some fine lint and you 'l find it very useful for any angry part as also when one limb presses or otherwise incommodes another as happens in hydropical and other swollen people whose belly so sinks down that the thighs suffer by it in which case such lints are to be put between the parts to keep them from immediately touching and pressing one another A grangrene is cured with Sal-armoniac boiled in Urine especially in that of the Patient and clapping such Urine upon the part affected The quantity of the Sal-armoniac may be six drachms For frozen Feet take Gander-suet and Deer-suet dissolve them together and pour them into a white excavated Turnip and expose this for a while to the Air Rain Wind Hoar-frost Snow according as the season shall be Then mince the Turnip and fry it in the same Suet which you had poured into it that done squeeze it out and let the fat fall upon cold water and being there brought to consistence take it off and bring it over the helm from burned Wine and decant this carefully from it again and 't is duely prepared You may also recover frozen Feet with white rotten Turnips beaten with Butter or Tallow and so clapt on CHAP. X. Of several promiscuous Medical Practices for the Service of the honest Souldier THis Chapter I have annexed to the former as an Appendix for the ease and good of Souldiers wherein some things will occurr not inferiour to those that have preceded But herein I have kept no order but set them down promiscuously yet faithfully to supply what may have been omitted before If you be troubled with the Tooth-ach coming from the cold in winter take the root of Pyrethrum Pellitory of Spain and boil it in Vinegar and hold this Vinegar warm in your mouth and it will draw out the phlegm that causes the pain Or take the root of Elder boil it in half Wine and half Water and hold it warm upon the Teeth But what you take of this Decoction must be often spit out and other fresh taken into you mouth of which I have found wonderful Effects The root of Heath boiled together with the same herb in wine and laid on is esteem'd to be powerful in drawing out thorns and splinters You may make a good Ointment against the Itch and Scabs of Savin stale Fat Brimstone and Juniper-berries Oyl If your Limbs after long sickness be weak boil Valerian-roots in Camomil-oyl and anoint such Limbs therewith Also the Oyl of Lillies in the valley and that of yellow Violets is good for the same purpose For worms in the Fingers bruise Parsicaria Arsmart and lay it on or take of a Piggs Bladder of Gall and put it on the affected Finger like a Thimble If you have any coagulated or congealed blood in your Breast make a Decoction of Scabious Chervil and Germander in two parts of wine one part of water and strain it and drink of it mornings and evenings Against the putrefaction of the Mouth make a Decoction of Privet in water adding afterwards a little Allum to it and use it for a gargarism Also a Decoction of the middle rind of Hawthorn with a little Allum is of great effect in the same case Cabbage and Colewort-leaves burnt to ashes and a Lixivium made of it and clapp'd on cureth a Gangrene and the wild Fire especially if you mingle a little Oyl of Elder therewith If you can have no Elder-blossoms for this Oyl take the green middle rind of Elder and boil it in Oyl Olive and then strain the Oyl which done take fresh rind of Elder and proceed with it as before repeating it three or four times to make the Oyl the stronger You may add a little wine to it whilst 't is boiling but that must all boil away and so long till the Oyl cracks no more in the fire Southern-wood stamped with grease and laid on draweth out splinters If you have the Itch or are scabby and can light upon some water standing in the hollowness of a Beech-tree wash your self with it Or make a Decoction of the brown rind of Alder which is under the gray in Butter and anoint your self with it mixing if you will a little Brimstone therewith If you be troubled with the Ring-worm or any running Scab infuse Litharge in Vinegar and let it stand a night infused or make a Decoction of the same in Vinegar But your pain or vessel must be of brass This Vinegar mingle with Oyl of Elder or of Roses or the like and it will become a fine gray Salve curing such running Scabs as aforesaid and cooling also Inflammations If your Body be bound take Sage pulverised and mix it with grease and anoint your Navil with the quantity of a hasel-nut of it This I have with very good success advised to women in child-bed that were thus bound and obstructed If you will have it stronger mix with it the Gall of a Fish or of any Animal whatsoever but then you must not give it to a woman in child-bed Gromel by the Latins call'd Milium Solis pulverised and the weight of half a ducat of it taken in wine or broath provoketh urine yet must the belly be open'd first The same doth Linaria or Toad-flax boiled in wine or broath Likewise distilled water of Radishes repeating the distillation several times from other fresh Radishes Which will have the better effect if the Patient bath his lower parts in a bath made of Marsh-mallows Melilot and the like Gromel above-mention'd taken in warm broath expels the birth And so do the blossoms or buds of Walnut-trees Crabs-eyes also pulverised and taken in warm broath likewise Issop boiled in wine and drank warm This I have inserted for the sake of poor Souldiers-wives who amongst us often follow the Camp If they have any great After-pains let them bath their lower parts in a Bath made of Dill and Camomil-flowers And the yolks of hard Eggs beaten together with some convenient Oyl Nut-oyl is the best and a Plaister made of it and laid to the belly is also very good If they have too great a profusion of blood let them take a drachm of burnt Harts-horn and burnt Ivory in a convenient Vehicle In case of a mortal wound take of pure Turpentine four ounces wash it with fresh limpid water and then dissolve it over a mild fire which done mix with it two ounces or two ounces and an half of white Wax dissolved apart To this add about three ounces of Womans milk which is sucked by a Boy The Turpentine and Wax being somewhat cooled together must be well stirr'd and then poured on cold Vinegar whence when 't is brought to a consistence it is to be taken off and made into a Plaister and so laid