died in 1604. left by his Wife Magdalen Daughter to William Duke of Cleves and Juliers who brought along with her the Reversion of her Father's Estates Four Sons viz. Lewis-William who died in 1581. John II. Frederick-Casimir who Married in 1614. Amelia Daughter of William Prince of Orange and John-Casimir who in 1615. Married Catherine Daughter to Charles X. King of Sweden by which he had Charles-Gustavus King of Sweden and Adolph-John and two Daughters John II. Duke of Deux-Ponts took the Title of Duke of Cleves and Juliers c. and died in 1635. leaving behind him by his second Wife Louise-Julienne Daughter to Frederick IV. Elector Palatine several Daughters and one Son called Frederick who enjoyed his Fathers Estates by the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648. and died in 1661. without Issue His Nephew Frederick-Lewis Son to Frederick-Casimir and Amelia Countess of Orange and Nassau succeeded him This Frederick-Lewis was Married to his Cousin Julienne-Magdalen Daughter to John II. by which he had Lewis-William Born in 1648. to whom belongs the Dutchy of Deux-Ponts Yet upon the Pretence of the King of Sweden's Right to it the French made themselves Masters of the Town and Castle of Deux-Ponts in Jan. 1676. which they have kept since tho' for the most part Ruin'd VI. Birkenfeld Birkenfeld Lat. Birchofeldia is a small Town with the Title of Principality and Dukedom in the Palatinate of the Rhine belonging to the Palatinate of Bavaria but now Subject to the French It stands in the small Country of Hunsruk near the Nab 24 Miles almost E. of Triers and 45 almost W. of Mentz Long. 26 d. 36 m. Lat. 49 d. 45 m. VII Mont-Royal Mont-Royal is a very strong new little Town Built by the French and subject to the Same in the Palatinate of the Rhine in the Limits of the Archbishoprick of Triers upon the left side of the River Moselle It stands 23 Miles N. E. of Triers and 31 S. W. of Coblentz Long. 26 d. 30 m. Lat. 50 d. Article III. The Archbishoprick and Electorate of Mayence or Mentz THE Archbishoprick and Electorate of Mentz Borders Veteraw on the North Bounds the Electorate of Triers on the West the Lower Palatinate on the South and Franconia on the East It is so strangely scattered and intermixed with other Provinces Extent that the Dimensions of it cannot well be given It s Archbishop is Arch-Chancellor of the Empire History and the first of the Electoral College in all publick Conventions he sits at the Right Hand of the Emperor This Dignity is Elective and depends upon the Chapter which consists of 24 Canons that have Voice commonly called Capitularies There are other Canons which have neither Voice nor Revenue tho' they have made the usual proofs of Nobility for none but Gentlemen are admitted into this Chapter but they may fill the Vacancies of the 24. This Elector has a Mareschal and a Chancellor under him the first for Military Affairs and the other for the Administration of Justice His Dominions consist of Five and twenty Bailywicks which in good Times yield the Archbishop about 1800000 Livres per Ann. The greatest part of this Revenue is raised in Mentz by the Toll which all the Boats that go through it are obliged to pay The Chief River Rivers which waters this Electorate besides the Rhine is the Main which falls into that near Mentz The Electorate and Archbishoprick of Mentz is scattered in several Provinces The Places of Note are Mentz Archb. Cap. about the Rhine Bingen about the Rhine Weisbaden about the Rhine Elfelt about the Rhine Rudisheim about the Rhine Fredberg Imp. in Hesse Fritzlar in Hesse Aschaffemburg in Franconia Biscoffsheim in Franconia Lor County in Franconia Reineck County in Franconia Erfort in Thuringia Heiligenstat in Thuringia Duderstat in Thuringia I shall give you here a Description of those Places only which are about the Rhine the rest being altogether Foreign to our Design I. Mentz Mentz Gall. Mayence Lat. Moguntia or Maguntia and Moguntiacum is situated upon the left Bank of the Rhine it deriveth its Name from the River Mein which falls into the Rhine over against it and is the Ancientest City in that part of Germany as having been certainly Built before the Birth of our Saviour and Famous in the Times of Drusus General of Augustus In 745. it was made an Archbishops See instead of Worms to which it was Suffragan before It was very severely treated by Frederick Aenobarbus the Emperor in 1158. but rebuilt and restored by Otho IV. In 1462. it was taken by Adolphus of Nassau its Archbishop It s University was opened in 1461. Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden entered it in Triumph in 1631. It was retaken from the Swedes in 1635. but they took it again the next Year after and kept it till the Peace of Munster This is a very strong Place adorned with Churches Monasteries and other fair Buildings but the narrowness of its Streets and many old Houses take away from its Beauty It is most extended towards the River and that part excels the other towards the Land as being more populous and better Built This City is famous by the Invention of Printing about 1430. or rather by the Skill of one John Guttemberg who first taught the use of it in Europe which he had learnt in China where 't is said they have had it for above 2000 Years Mentz received a French Garrison in 1688. but being Besieged by the Confederate Forces under the Duke of Lorrain it was surrendred September 11. 1689. after six or seven Weeks Resistance It stands 21 Miles almost W. of Francfort 28 Miles almost N. of Worms 48 N. W. of Heidelberg and 66 E. of Triers Long. 27 d. 43 m. Lat. 49 d. 57 m. II. Bingen Bingen is a fine little Town and Castle upon the Mouth of the little River Nabe or Nave on the Rhine Ammianus Marcellinus and the Itinerary of Antoninus make mention of it It was once Imperial but is now Subject to the Archbishoprick of Mayence and stands 16 Miles W. of that City Near it is an Island in the Rhine with a Castle called Mauszthurn wherein it 's said that Hatto second Archbishop of Mayence was eaten alive by Rats It is now almost wholly ruined Article IV. The Archbishoprick and Electorate of Treves or Triers THE Electorate of Triers lies betwixt Weteraw and the Palatinate on the East Bounds Lorrain on the South Luxemburg on the West Lifal the Archbishoprick of Cologne and Westrowalt on the North. It s of great extent Extent from East to West but narrow from North to South It is Watered both by the Rhine and the Moselle Rivers Quality and yields most plentifully all things necessary for the life of Man The Chapter of Treves has the Privilege of chusing their Archbishops and receive no Princes nor scarcely any Counts in their Prebends or Canonicals the Gentlemen reserve them for People of their own rank
Keeper of the Archives and the Titles that concern Italy The Golden-Bull bears that the Archbishop of Cologne has the Privilege of Crowning the King of the Romans Nevertheless it seems this does not belong to him but when the Ceremony is perform'd in his Diocess or in the Suffragan Bishopricks for the Archbishop of Metz disputes it with him when it is done elsewhere This does not hinder but the Archbishop of Cologne goes before him of Mayence within the districts of his Metropolitan and Chancellorship of Italy where he puts himself at the Emperors Right leaving the Elector of Mayence who preceeds him in all other Places the Left The Elector of Cologne has also by the Golden-Bull the second Suffrage in the Electoral College with Privilege to Vote immediately after the Archbishop of Treves and exercise Justice by his Officers in all Criminal Cases in the Town tho' otherwise Free and immediately depending on the Empire But the Towns-People do not suffer him to make any long stay with them nor come with a great Train which has been the occasion of several Debates these many Ages and is the Reason why that Prelate keeps his residence for the most part at Bonn. The great Chapter of Cologne is one of the noblest in Europe It consists of 60 Canons all Princes or Counts for they receive no meaner Person quite contrary to that of Treves and Mayence where they receive neither Princes nor Counts unless for some weighty reasons The twenty four Elders of the sixty form a particular Chapter for the Election of the Archbishop and have their active and passive Votes having power to chuse any of the Colleagues or be chosen themselves to the Vacant Dignity The Annual Revenues of this Archbishoprick in time of Peace amount to 1800000 Livres The most remarkable Places in the Electorate of Cologne are Cologne or Ceulen Archb. Cap. Bonn. Rhineberg Keiserswert Nuis Andermach I. Cologne Cologne or Colon or Ceulen Lat. Colonia Vbiorum and Colonia Agripina is seated upon the Rhine It is an Imperial Free City and one of the four Capital Hance Towns with an University and Archbishoprick whereof the Prelate is Prince and Elector of the Empire This Place is very ancient deriving its Origin from the Vbiens who courted Julius Caesar's Alliance to resist the Suevi their Mortal Enemies In Augustus's Reign they put themselves under Agrippa's Protection and passing the Rhine they founded on the left Bank the Town of Cologne which they then called the Colony of Agrippa Some say the Place was built before they came and that they only enlarged it about twenty or twenty four years before our Saviours Birth and afterwards Agrippina Grand-Daughter of this Agrippa and Nero's Mother to shew her power when Married to the Emperor Claudius made the Circuit of the City far wider than it was before and established a Colony of Veterans in it about 48 years after our Saviours Birth When Vitellius and Vespasian disputed the Empire Anno Chr. 69. This Town was besieged by Tutor and Sabinus who had revolted against the Romans She obeyed the pressing necessity received their Garrison which she afterwards massacred when Cerealis had beaten the Rebels King Merouee of France beat the Romans hence in the Reign of Valentinian III. and soon after Attila ruin'd it But being rebuilt by the Romans Childeric Son to Merouee took it from them a second time and gave it to a Prince his Cousin Father to Sigebert called the Lame King of Cologne and Ribarols who was killed in 599. by Cloderic his Son It was then that Clovis the Great who for this Murther put the Executioner to death united the People of Cologne to the Crown of France under which it remained during the Reigns of the Kings of the first Race Under those of the second it fell to the Princes of France Kings of Germany In 881. when Charles the Big went to have himself proclaim'd Emperor beyond the Alps Godfrey and Sigefroy Kings of the Normans took and burnt Cologne with fifteen or twenty of the best Cities in Gallia Belgica The Emperor Otho the Great under whom it was repaired subjected it to its Prelates about 950. but succeeding Emperors made it free Frederick I. allowed it great Privileges since which time it encreased mightily especially in 1260. when it entred into the League of the Hance-Towns and became Capital of the fourth of their Provinces After this it was govern'd by Senators until the Senate was changed in 1513. by a rising of the People who Massacred the Consuls Treasurers and some other Magistrates accused to have cheated the Publick The Senate now is much like that of old Rome It governs and judges in civil matters but for criminals it has only the power to seize and examine them without the Authority of acquitting or condemning them For the Elector reserves this to himself as the highest degree of Sovereign Authority and 't is for this reason that tho' the Town is free yet it does him Homage and swears Allegiance upon condition that he will preserve the Privileges it enjoys As for the rest Cologne is called the Rome of Germany for its greatness its Senate and fine Buildings For it is certainly one of the finest strongest and biggest of all Germany environed with strong Walls that have eighty three Towers and a Triple Ditch that surrounds it in form of a Half-Moon There are 365 Churches The Metropolitan St. Peter's would be one of the most magnificent in the whole World if quite finished Besides which it has ten Collegiate nineteen Parish Churches thirty seven Monasteries several Hospitals and Chappels The University was re-established in 1388. Besides which there is a Jesuits College built after the Italian fashion with a very fine Dome There are five great squares or principal Places in this Town where besides its bigness the cleanness of the Streets the magnificence of both its Private and Publick Structures the sweet humour and civility of the Inhabitants amongst whom there is a great number of Learned Men contribute much to render it considerable It has been a Bishoprick in former times Suffragan of Treves but was erected into an Archbishoprick in 755. ten years after Mayence was made one in favour of Boniface The first Archbishop was called Adolph He had for Suffragants the Bishopricks of Munster Liege Osnabruck Minden and Vtrecht but the two last being become secular there are but the three first that depend on it now The Ancientest Assembly of the Clergy held at Cologne was that of 346. wherein Euphrates then Bishop of the Town was deposed for siding with the Arians and Severinus put in his Place Charlemaign ordered another there in the VIII Century and there were some others held in the IX c. In 1688. Prince Clement of Bavaria was chosen Archbishop of Cologne in opposition to Cardinal William of Furstemburg who being supported by the King of France entred this Electorate to maintain his pretended Right by force of Arms and
had a good Cittadel but William Duke of Cleves and Juliers was obliged to demolish it by one of the Articles of the Treaty made with the Emperor Charles V. It belongs now by Right to the Duke of Newbourg but the Hollanders are in Possession of it THE MARTIAL-FIELD OF EUROPE SECT III. The Duke of Savoy's Dominions THE Territories by Right belonging to the Duke of Savoy Bounds are bounded on the East chiefly by the Dukedom of Milan on the South by the Sea and part of the Commonwealth of Genoa on the West by Provence Dauphine and Bresse in France and on the North by the Lake of Geneva and Switzerland It is a very irregular oblong Figure being in length from Geneva in the North parts of Savoy to the most South Eastern parts of Montferrat about 190 Miles Extent and in breadth from the most Western parts of the County of Nice to the most Eastern parts of Montferrat about 120 Miles The Principal Rivers Rivers in these parts are 1. Po called Eridanus by the Poets which here washes Salusses Carignan Turin Verua and Casal and so goes into Milan 2. Tanare which here washes Ceve Quieras Alba and Asti and runs into the Po in Milan 3. Doere or Doria which washes Aoust and Ivrea and falls into the Po a little above Verua 4. Iser which washes Moustiers runs by Montmelian and goes into France Here are two Lakes Lakes besides that of Geneva viz. 1. That of Bourget and 2. That of Anneci Here are also the Alps and the Appennine the most famous Mountains Mountains in Europe This Country towards the North is generally barren Quality because of the Mountains but towards the South it is exceeding fruitful in all things necessary as Corn Wine Oyl Fruits Venison Cattel Cheese Chesnuts Hemp Flax Minerals and several Quarries of Marble Here is considerable Trading Trade in many good Commodities as Paper Fustians Raw-silks Hides Cloaths Linnen Thread Iron-work Fir-Trees for Masts of Ships c. yet Money is pretty scarce in most Places The ordinary Revenue Revenue of the Duke is said to amount to 1800000 Crowns yearly yet upon extraordinary Occasions he can raise much larger Sums Strength The number of Souldiers which he may conveniently raise is reckoned about 30000. The Religion Religion generally allowed of here is the Roman Catholick yet the Protestants called Vaudois have the free exercise of their Belief in some Valleys of Piedmont The Language Languge here spoken is most commonly the French or at least a Dialect of it the Italian is also very much used In this Country are two Archbishopricks Archbishopricks viz. Turin and Moustiers and thirteen Bishopricks Bishopricks viz. Fossano Ivrea Mondovi and Salusses under Turin Anneci Aoust and Maurienne under Moustiers Acqui Alba Asti Casal and Vercelli under the Archbishop of Milan and Nice under that of Ambrun in France Division The Duke of Savoy's Dominions are commonly divided into four parts viz. 1. Dukedom of Savoy Chambery 2. Principality of Piedmont Turin 3. County of Nice Nice 4. Dukedom of Montferrat Casal Of these the French have Nice part of Montferrat and the greatest part of Savoy the Duke of Mantua has about half of Montferrat the Prince of Massarano has a little part of Piedmont the Prince of Spigno a little of Montferrat so that the Duke of Savoy has but the greatest part of Piedmont and about one half of Montferrat CHAP. I. Savoy Lat. Sabaudia SAvoy Lat. Sabaudia or Sapaudia is one of the finest Sovereign Dutchies in Europe Bounds It Borders the Lake of Geneva Swisserland and the County of Burgundy on the North the Province of Dauphine in France on the West part of Dauphine and of Piedmont on the South and Piedmont and Vallais on the East It s Extent Extent from the South-East to the North-West is about 110 Miles and from the East to the West about 80. The Air is here Cold because of the Mountains always covered with Snow Quality and the Country generally barren however the Valleys yield Corn and Wine the Mountains good Pastures and all manner of Game and the Lakes and Rivers store of good Fish there are also a great many Walnuts and Chesnut-Trees and Forests of other Trees The principal Rivers Rivers here are the Isere Arche and Arve and the Lakes Lakes are two viz. that of Bourget and that of Anneci The Savoyards are generally good-natured laborious and hardy Manners but the Wit of the generality is none of the quickest The Religion publickly allowed is the Roman Catholick This Province was of old possessed by the Alltrobroges Centrones Brannovices History Antuates or Nantuates Latobrigi and Sabaudi It was part of Gallia Narbonensis and of Celtica or Lugdunensis and obeyed to the Romans Upon the declining of the Roman Empire under Honorius Savoy was left as a prey to several Barbarous Nations since that it made part of the Kingdom of Burgundy from whence it came under the Dominion of the Princes that at present are possest of it who derive their Pedigree from one Bertoldus or Beroldus who in the Beginning of the XIth Century was the Rise of this Family The Learned are very much at difference about the Birth of this Prince and his Extraction some derive it from Ancharius Marquiss of Yvree others from Hugo King of Italy and Duke of Provence others say that he was Nephew of Hugo Capet King of France and others make him a Descendant of the Counts of Macon Above fourscore Historians of several Nations follow Guichenon who derives his Genealogy from Wittekindus the Great Duke of Saxony and Angria Father of Witibert Duke of Angria who had two Sons Bruno and Walpert this last was Duke of Angria and Count of Ringelbert and left Immed Duke of Engern who by Huine Countess of Chiren had Hugo Marquiss of Italy who was Father of this Beroldus Earl of Savoy and Maurienne and had for his Successor Hambert Sirnamed White-hands But some French Authors of late viz. Chorier and Du Bouchet have endeavoured to make out that there was never any such Man as Beroldus of Saxony and have found or rather fancied that this Humbert was Grandchild of the Emperor Lewis the Son of Boson the Son of Benvil Count of Ardenna descended from Pharamond or as others will have it from Charlemaign Beroldus and some of his Successors were but Counts of Savoy and Maurienne several Territories were afterwards added to their Dominions And the Emperor Sigismund dignified them with the Title of Dukes in 1417. They now call themselves Dukes of Savoy Chablais Aost and the Canton of Geneva Princes of Piedmont Marquisses of Salusses Counts of Geneve Romont Nice Aste and Tende Barons of Fauligni Lords of Verceilles Marquisses of Italy Kings of Cyprus since Lewis of Savoy who Married Charlotte Daughter to John King of Cyprus and Vicars of the Empire since Thomas the First
N. E. of Bruges and 14 S. W. of Middleburg Long. 22 d. 34 m. Lat. 51 d. 24 m. II. Sas-Van-Ghent Sas-Van-Ghent is a small place but so strong by reason of its situation and fortifications that it is accounted impregnable Yet the Hollanders took it in 1644. It stands 11 miles N. of Ghent Long. 23 d. Lat. 51 d. 20 m. III. Ardenburgh Ardenburgh is also a small place but very strong in Flanders subject to the Hollanders It stands 20 miles N. W. of Ghent Long. 22 d. 36 m. Lat. 51 d. 22 m. Article II. Of the Dukedom of Brabant Lat. Brabantia THIS Dutchy is in a manner an Island encompassed with Rivers having the Meuse on the East and the Nort the Demer on the South which runs through part of this Province and the Schelde on the West with the Ocean on the side of Breda and Bergin-Op-Zoom So that it borders part of the Country of Gelderland Bounds and the Bishoprick of Liege on the East The Country of Hainault and the Country of Namur on the South Flanders and part of Zealand on the West and Holland and another part of Gelderland on the North. Its Extent Extent South and North is about 70 miles and about 60 West and East Quality The Air is generally good and wholesom the Soil is very Fertile except some of the Northern parts which are somewhat sandy and barren The Cities are very fine whereof there are 26 Walled and Strong Towns not mentioning others of less importance and about 100 Villages Villages History The Brabanders are descended from a Colony of Saxons brought from beyond the Elbe by Charlemaign and planted in this Country in 806. Divers Authors say that Anchises or Anchisices Father to Pepin of Haristol was Lord of Brabant Charlemaign and his Children were Masters of this Country until such time as Otho Son to Prince Charles of France Duke of Lower Lorraine being dead in 1004. without being Married Brabant became the Portion of Gerbege second Daughter to the same Charles of France and his first Wife Bonne of Ardenne Married to Lambert II. Earl of Monts and Louvain the Founder of the Branch of the Duke of Brabant and Lothier at first they took only the Title of Earls but 1235 Henry I. took the Title of Duke of Brabant and Lorrain Philip III. called the Good recollected the succession of the Duke of Brabant which he left to Charles the Rash his Son Father to Mary of Burgundy who carried it into the House of Austria by her Marriage to Maximilian afterwards Emperor This Country has been fruitful in illustrious Men and Learned Writers The Rivers Rivers here besides the Meuse and the Scheld are Demer Dommel Senne Aa Dyle Gias Jeckes Nephte both great and small and Mert there is also a great number of small Lakes and Ponds Brabant comprehends the Marquisate of the Holy Empire whose Capital is Antwerp the Lordship of Mechlin the Dutchy of Arschot the Marquisate of Bergues the County of Hooghstraet the state of Maestricht formerly that of Liege and 19 Baronies Louvain was in time past Capital of this Province but now Brussels Brabant is divided into four parts 1. Dutch-rBrabant in which the most remarkable Places are Boisleduc Bish Cap. Breda Bergen-Op-Zoom Grave Ravestein Helmont Eyndenhove Maestricht Lillo 2. Spanish-Brabant properly so called which comprebends Brussels Cap. Louvain Leuwe Arschot Duke Nivelle Tillemont or Tienen Judoigne Gemblour Lire Diest Vilvoerde Herentals Hannuye 3. The Marquisate of the Holy Empire Antwerp Bish 4. The Lordship of Malines which has Malines or Mechlin Arch. To keep to my General division I shall give you here the Description of the Dutch and Spanish Brabant and reserve that of the Mâ—rquisate and Lordship of Malines for the two following Articles Chiefs Towns belonging to the Hollanders in Brabant I. Boisleduc BOisleduc Bolduc or Bosleduc Lat. Boscum-Ducis Sylva-Ducis Bolducum and in Dutch Hertogenbosch the Capital of the Dutch-Brabant with a Bishoprick Suffragant of Malines is situated upon the River Domel which there receives the Aade and afterward the Diese and discharges it self about two Leagues from thence into the Meuse at the place where it formeth the Isle of Bommel Boisleduc is built in a plain where there was a Hunting Forrest belonging to the Dukes of Brabant But Duke Henry going to oppose the incursions which those of Guelder-land made into his Country caused this Wood to be cut down in 1172. where the Foundations of this City were laid which Duke Jeffery finished in 1184. Pope Paul IV. erected it into a Bishoprick in 1559. and Francis Sonnius was its first Prelate The Bishops now are but Titular and make their residence at Goldorp since Boisleduc is fallen into the hands of the Hollanders This City is naturally strong as well by its situation as by its fortifications It is environ'd with Rivers and Meadows covered with Water so that the Avenues to the Town are upon artificial Causeys made turning and winding and commanded by one or other of the six Forts built at some distance without the Town Its Ditches are filled with the Waters of the said Rivers which enter into the City by divers Channels very commodious to the Inhabitants They are almost all Soldiers tho' they do not neglect Trade which occasioneth this saying That the Inhabitants of Boisleduc are Warlike Merchants The City is large fair well built and very populous The Cathedral Church of St. John is one of the most sumptuous of the Netherlands with a very fine Clock The Market-place is environed with fine Buildings where 10 of the greatest Streets do end The Hollanders became at last Masters of it in 1629. by the Valour and Conduct of Frederick Henry Prince of Orange This City stands 43 miles N. E. of Antwesp and 50 almost S. of Amsterdam Long. 24 d. 30 m. Lat. 51 d. 42 m. II. Breda Breda is seated on the River Mereck with the Title of Barony which comprehends now about Seventeen Villages but it had more formerly and Berg-Op-Zoom did then depend upon it Breda had anciently particular Lords of its own and was sometimes in Possession of the Dukes of Brabant but John III. Duke of Brabant sold it again in 1350. to John Polon Lord of Lieck who left an only Daughter Johanna Married in 1404. to Engelbert of Nassau Henry of Nassau begun the Castle of Breda where the Tomb of Renatus of Nassau is to be seen in the Collegiate Church of St. Peter founded about 1303. This City suffered very much during the War between the States and the Spaniards The Prince of Parma took it from the Vnited Provinces July 18. 1581. Maurice of Nassau became Master of it against in 1590. by a Boat loaden with Turf under which he hid 60 Souldiers who rendered themselves Masters of the Castle and he afterwards took the City by Capitulation They tell a very remarkable thing of one of these Soldiers that was hidden under the Turf viz.
The principal Trade of the City is in the Jews Hands who are exempt from Tribute in consideration whereof they are to furnish the Janisaries of the City with Cloth for their Cloathing William King of Sicily Conquered this City in 1180. but afterwards the Emperor of Constantinople reduced it to his Obedience again Andronicus Palaeologus gave it to the Venetians in 1313. but two Years after the Turks drove them thence and have been Masters of it ever since The Greek Christians have 30 Churches in this City the Chiefest whereof is the Archbishop's See Dedicated to St. Demetrius This Church has three Bodies supported by very fair Pillars and was formerly honoured with the Preaching of St. Paul There are also five Convents of the Order of St. Basilicus in every one of which are about an Hundred young Women who may if they please quit the Habit and Marry The most Magnificent Turkish Mosques are those Buildings that formerly were the Churches of St. Sophia the Blessed Virgin St. Gabriel and St. Demetrius Mahomet IV. who was Dethroned in 1687. changed the Church of the Blessed Virgin into a Mosque on each side of this Building are twelve great Pillars of Jasper-stone whose Chapiters or Tops support so many Crosses which the Turks have not defaced The Jews also have 36 Synagogues in this City the most considerable of which are that of Castille of Portugal and of Italy They have also two Colleges which contain above Ten Thousand Scholars who come to study there from all parts of the Ottoman Empire Of all the stately Pieces of Architecture that were of old in this City there remains nothing very remarkable at present save only a Triumphal Arch of Brick-work supported by two Marble Pillars full of Trophies and abundance of other Figures but so much shattered and defaced by Time that it cannot well be guest what it was erected for The City is Governed by a Mousselin Justice is Administred by a Molla and a Mufti Orders all Matters relating to Religion This City stands 108 Miles S. of Sophia 300 S. E. of Belgrade and 330 W. of Constantinople Long. 47 d. Lat. 41 d. 37 m. II. Zuchria Zuchria or Jeniza is a small City Built by the Turks out of the Ruins of Pella formerly the Capital of Macedonia and the Birth-place of Alexander the Great upon the Bay of Salonichi between the Rivers Bevola and Castora 27 Miles S. W. of Salonichi I. Amphipolis or Emboli Amphipolis is a City of Macedonia on the Borders of Thracia with an Archbishoprick under the Patriarch of Constantinople The Greeks call'd it Christopoli since and its Modern Name is Emboli It is situated on the River Strymon which washes it on every side 60 Miles almost E. of Salonichi This City is very famous in the Ancient History of Greece IV. Siderocapsa Siderocapsa is a small Town only remarkable for the Gold Mines that are about it Philip the Father of Alexander the Great caused a Gold Coin to be Coin'd called Golden-Philips after that Crenidas had discovered the Gold Mines there and wrought them which Mines afforded King Philip a 1000 Talents of Gold a Year and do still yield the Grand Seignior 9 or 10000 Ducats a Month. There are no less than five or six Hundred Furnaces for the melting of Gold in the Mountains near this City CHAP. IV. Janna or Thessaly Lat. Thessalia THessaly is bounded on the East by the Archipel on the North by Macedon Bounds on the West by Epirus and on the South by Achaia This Country has had different Names derived from divers Princes who have lived therein Name and was divided into five parts viz. Thessaly Proper the Country of the Pelasgi Estiosia Magnesia and Phtiotide It s Modern Name is Janna from a Town of this Name The Air is here very good the Soil fruitful producing delicious Figs Water Melons Quality Pomegranates Oranges Lemons Citrons excellent Grapes Almonds Olives and all sorts of Corn. The Ancient Inhabitants were well-bred civil but somewhat too voluptuous Inhabitants yet they did not want Courage They were also noted for Magick and Drunkenness were the first that Minted Gold and Silver tam'd Horses and put Ships to Sea They are still Warlike and are a handsom Race of People having black Hair black Eyes and their Faces of a Beautiful Sanguine Fresh Colour and are for the most part Christians This Country is encompass'd with four great Mountains viz. Olympus Pindus Ossa and Aeta Mountains famous in the Greek and Latin Poets It had for along time its particular Kings until it was subjected to the Macedonians History and afterwards to the Romans Deucalion was one of the most Ancient and Celebrated Kings He Reigned in the same Age with Cecrops first King of Athens 349 Years before the Ruin of Troy Hellen his Son gave Name to a great part of Greece Dorus his second Son left his Name to the Dortans near Mount Parnassus Xuthus the third was Father of Achaeus Founder of the Peleponnesian Achaeans Ion his second Son was the Chief of the Inhabitants of Attica This Country is very famous for the remarkable Defeat of Pompey by Julius Caesar in the Plains of Pharsalus Sultan Amurath Conquered the greatest part of it and his Posterity still enjoys it The most remarkable Places in Thessaly are Larissa Archb. Cap. Armiro Volo Pharsalus or Farsa Archb. Scotusa Bish Voidenor Demetriada I. Larissa Larissa is the Principal City of Thessalia the Country of Achilles upon the River Peneus 25 Miles from the Bay of Salonichi to the West It is an Archbishop's See and one of the most flourishing Cities of Greece by reason the late Grand Seignior being disgusted with Constantinople almost 20 Years together kept his Court here It is pleasantly seated on a Rising Ground in the upper part whereof stands the Grand Seignior's Palace upon the North the famous Mountain of Olympus and on the South a Plain Inhabited by Christians Turks and Jews There is a handsom Stone-bridge over the River consisting of Nine Arches This City stands 90 Miles S. of Salonichi 160 N. W. of Setines or Athens and 380 S. W. of Constantinople Long. 46 d. 55 m. Lat. 39 d. 45 m. II. Armiro Armiro Lat. Eretria is a City and Sea-port mentioned by Thucydides Strabo Livy and several other Ancient Writers it lyes upon the Sinus Pelasgicus which from it now is called the Gulf of Armiro about 17 Miles from Larissa to the South Out of this Gulf the Argonauts loosed when they went to Colchis for the Golden-Fleece and in it the Navy of Xerxes was sorely shattered by a Tempest which then saved Greece In the same Bay lyes Pagase in which the Ship Argo was Built III. Volo Volo is a Fortress that gives its Name to a Gulf of Thessaly to the North of Negrepont The Ancients called this Town Pagasa and the Gulf Pagasicus Sinus or Pelasgicus Sinus and Gulf of Armiro The Fortress has a good and
Charleroy Charleroy Lat. Carolo-Regium is a Town and Fortress built upon a Mountain near the Sambre and Pieton it was but a Borrough called Charnoy until the Spaniards fortified it in 1666. and called it Charleroy from Charles their King The French took it the year after and kept it by the Peace of Aix la Chapelle The Dutch and Spaniards attempted this Town twice in vain the first time in 1672. and the second in 1677. But in the year 1678. it was yielded to the Spaniards by the Treaty of Nimeguen In 1692. the French Bombarded this Place In 1693 they sat down before it with a numerous Army the Marquiss de Villeroy carrying on the Siege and Luxemburg covering him so that King William of Great Brittain and the Elector of Bavaria not being strong enough to attack them they carried the Town by surrender after a gallant defence by the Marquiss de Castillo the Governour who held out against them 27 days open Trenches and capitulated on honourable Terms October 1. 1693. Charleroy stands 14 Miles W. of Namur and 26 S. of Brussels Long. 23 d. 42 m. Lat. 50 d. 28 m. III. Charlemont Charlemont Lat. Carolo-Montium is a small Town with a good Fortress built by Charles V. in 1555. upon the Top of a Mountain with strong Bulwarks and other regular Fortifications The Meuse runs at the bottom of this Mountain below Givet and affords the Town a great Trade This Town has been in the Hands of the French ever since 1680. It lies 20 Miles S. of Namur Long 24 d. 10 m. Lat. 50 d. 12 m. IV. Bouvines Bouvines or Bouvignes Lat. Bovinae and Boviniacum was environ'd with Walls in 1173. by Henry the Blind Earl of Namur after which the Countess Yolande granted it the Rights and Priviledges of a City In 1154. it was taken by the French It was afterwards retaken by the Spaniards But the French are Masters of it again It is but a small Town and of no great strength and is only considerable for its being a Pass between Namur and Luxemburg It stands on the Meuse about two Miles off Dinant and 12 S. of Namur Long. 24 d. 12 m. Lat. 50 d. 18 m. V. Flerus Flerus is but a Village yet very remarkable for the famous Battel that was fought here in 1690. in which the French got the better of the Confederates It stands almost six Miles N. E. of Charleroy and 10 W. of Namur Long. 23 d. 55 m. Lat. 50 d. 32 m. Article IX Of the Dukedom of Luxemburg THE Dukedom of Luxemburg is one of the XVII Provinces belonging of old to the Treviri Bounds it has on the East the Bishoprick of Triers from which it is separated by the Mosel On the North the Dukedom of Limburg and Liege On the West the Meuse which separates it from Champagne and Namur And on the South Lorrain It s Extent South and North is about 52 Miles Extent and West and East about 60. The West part of it is barren but abounds with Game that towards the East abounds in Corn Quality Minerals Quarries of Stone and yields Wine in some places The Chief Rivers here are 1. Moselle which here washes Mazieres Thionville Remich and Warserbillick Rivers and runs into Germany 2. Ourt which washes Hofalize La Rocke Durbuy and runs into Liege 3. Sour which washes Dietkick and Ethernack and falls into the Moselle Luxemburg at first had the Title of Earldom only but was made a Dukedom by an Emperor of the House of Luxemburg History It has about 20 Walled Towns Towns and 1200 Villages which are all under the French since 1684. that they took the Capital The House of Luxemburg is one of the most Noble Families of Europe for it has produced Five Emperors whereof Three were Kings of Bohemia and has been possessed of great Estates in Germany and France It has also yielded Six Queens and many Princesses The most ancient of this House that we have knowledge of was Sigefredus youngest Brother of Godfrey Earl of Verdun who by Exchange got the Castle of Luxemburg of Wiker Abbot of St. Maximinus of Trier April 17. 963. whence he took his Sirname and the Title of Earl which he left to his Posterity This Family afterwards became very considerable about the XIIIth and XIVth Centuries and was divided into Three Branches viz. That of 1. Luxemburg Ligni of 2. Luxemburg Brienne S. Paul and Pinci the Heiress of which Branch the present Mareschal of Luxemburg Married but he himself is descended of the Earls of Bouteville tho' he calls himself Francis Henry of Montmorency and has taken the Arms of that House The third Branch is that of Luxemburg Fiennes and Martigues which is also extinct The most remarkable Places here are Luxemburg Cap. Thionville Esche Virton Ivoix Montmedy Stenay or Altenay Damvilliers Maisiers Durbuy Bastoigne Vianden Arlon I. Luxemburg Luxemburg Lat. Luxemburgum or Augusta Romanduorum or Luciburgum is situated upon the River Else one part of it on a Hill and the rest in a Plain There is a very strong Castle and several regular Fortifications It has a Convent of the Order of St. Francis in which lyes Buried John King of Bohemia Father of Charles IVth Emperor of Germany slain by the English at the Battel of Cressy in 1346. This City has suffered much by the Wars between the French and the Netherlands In 1529. Charles V. took it from Francis I. of France In 1542. it was taken and sacked by the Duke of Orleans and retaken and treated in the same manner the Year following It is now under the French who took it in 1684. and have so much added since to its Fortifications as to render it almost impregnable It stands 18 Miles S. W. of Trier 31 N. of Metz 52 S. of Limburg and 100 S. E. of Brussels Long. 25 d. 34 m. Lat. 49 d. 41 m. II. Thionville Thionville Lat. Theodonis Villa upon the Moselle is so advantagiously situated and so well fortified that it has passed a long time for impregnable The Duke of Guise took it in 1558. but it was afterwards delivered to the Spaniards The French were beat before it in 1639. but they made themselves Masters of it in 1643. and kept it by the Pyrenaean Peace It was in this Town that Charlemagne generally assembled the Prelates and Barons of his Kingdoms as in 806. when he divided his Possessions between his three Sons This Town stands 13 Miles S. of Luxemburg Long. 25 d. 32 m. Lat. 49 d. 29 m. III. Esche Esche is but a small inconsiderable Town 10 Miles S. W. of Luxemburg IV. Virton Virton is another small Town about 22 Miles W. of Luxemburg V. Yvoix Yvoix is a small but pretty strong Town on the River Chier 33 Miles W. of Luxemburg VI. Montmedy Montmedy is a Place of no great bigness yet it is reckon'd a Place of considerable strength It is very conveniently situated upon the top of a high Hill the
acknowledged Philip II. of Spain but the Archbishop made such Complaints and shewed such Reasons that the King was satisfied with being Master of the Cittadel and Protector of the Country and left all other Jurisdiction to that Prelate The Spaniards Fortified this Town very well and kept such a strong Garison in it that it was look'd upon to be impregnable Yet the King of France took it in 1677. The great Cittadel is upon a heighth which commands all the Town the Ditch is wrought in a Rock The Ramparts of the Town are also Environed with deep Ditches chiefly to the East defended with many good Bastions It reaches to the River and has another good Fort to defend it of that side which lying low may be soon drowned by drawing the Sluces The Chapter of this City is one of the most considerable of the Low Countries consisting of 48 Canons and 95 Ecclesiasticks which Officiate in our Lady's Church It 's affirmed that Diogenes a Grecian by Nation was the first Prelate of Cambray sent into France by Pope Siricius about 408. Pope Paul IV. made it an Archbishoprick in 1559. upon the Request of King Philip of Spain and the Bishopricks of Arras Tournay St. Omer and Namur were given for Suffragants The Archbishops take the Title of Dukes of Cambray Counts of Cambresis and Princes of the Empire The Streets of this Town are wide and very neat and the chiefest and richest end in a great Place where the Town-house is Built and has a very curious Clock There are also very good Manufactures as Cambray and especially of many sorts of Linnen that bear the Name of the City It stands 34 Miles S. W. of Mons 40 N. E. of Amiens and 94 almost N. of Paris Long. 22 d. 24 m. Lat. 50 d. 51 m. II. Crevecoeur Crevocoeur is a place of no great Moment on the River Scheld nigh Four Miles S. of Cambray III. Chateau-Cambresis Chateau-Cambresis is another inconsiderable Town of Cambresis on the River Selle 15 Miles S. E. of Cambray Article II. Of the County of Artois Lat. Artesia ARtois borders Picardy on the South The Boulonnois on the West Bounds The County of Flanders on the North and the Cambresis on the East It s Extent Extent South and North West is about 55 miles and about 40 West and East It is exceeding fertile in all sorts of Corn but more particularly of Wheat Quality which it produces in such a measure that this Province serves as a Granary to a great part of Flanders and Brabant It has in it twelve Cities or Walled Towns Cities 850 Villages Villages c. nine Chattelenies or Castlewards and several Abbeys and Monasteries The Chief Rivers in this Province are Rivers 1. Scharpe which here washes Arras and runs into Flanders nigh Douay 2. Lys which here washes Aire and St. Venant and runs into Flanders 3. Aa which here washes Reutly and St. Omers and runs into Flanders 4. Canche which washes Hesdin and runs into France Artois was subject to the Romans and afterwards to the Kings of Austrasia History and Government since whose times it has often changed Masters Lewis the XIth King of France made himself Master of Arras in 1477. after Charles the Bold or Rash Duke of Burgundy but Mary of Burgundy this Charles's Daughter brought it into the House of Austria marrying Maximilian the 1st of Austria Father of Philip I. and Grandfather of Charles V. and Ferdinand I. Francis the I. of France was forced by the Peace of Madrid in 1529. to quit Artois to the Spaniards which was afterwards possessed by Philip II and III. But the French re-conquered it under Philip IV. Son of the last who yielded it 'em by the 35 Article of the Pyrenaean Treaty in 1659. reserving to himself the Towns of Aire and St. Omer since taken by the French so that they are now Masters of all this Province The most remarkable places in Artois are Arras Bish Ch. Cit. St. Omer Bish Bapaume Hesdin Bethune St. Venant Aire Priory Therouane Lens Avesne le Comte Liques Pernes I. Arras Arras Lat. Rigiacum or Origiacum is seated on the Scharpe with a Bishoprick Suffragant of Cambray This is a very ancient City St. Vast who died in 540. was its first Bishop Lewis XI of France made himself Master of it in 1493. but restored it afterward to the Emperor Maximilian The Spaniards fortified it so as to think they had rendred it impregnable whereupon they caused the Emblem of some Rats running after Cats to be carved on the Frontispiece of one of the Gates of this City with these two boasting verses Quand ces Rats prendront ces Chats Les Francois prendront Arras That is When these Rats shall catch these Cats Then the French shall take Arras This Prophecy proved false for the Mareschals of Chaune Chatillon and La Meilleraye laid Siege to and carried it in 1640 after they had defeated the Cardinal Infanta that came to relieve the Place And the French leaving the said Emblem upon the Gate did but take away the P in the word Prendront of the second verse which quite alters the signification of the Motto as Quand ces Rats prendront ces Chats Les Francois rendront Arras That is When these Rats shall catch these Cats Then the French shall yield Arras The Spaniards sate before it in 1654. but were beat off with great loss so that it still belongs to the French who have made its Fortifications very strong and regular It is a place of large circumference well Peopled Rich and Trading The Streets are broad and fair adorned with a spacious Market-place Here is also a beautiful Cathedral a very wealthy Abbey and a strong Castle This City stands 20 miles almost of Cambray 30 N. E. of Amiens and 92 N. of Paris Long. 21 d. 55 m. Lat. 50 d. 20 m. II. St. Omer St. Omer in Latin Fanum Sancti Audomari and Vrbs Audomarensis lies on the River Aa in the Country of the Ancient Morins with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cambray St. Omer or Audomarus Bishop of Therouan built this City in 660. And Foulques Abbot of St. Bertin began to encompass it with Walls in 880. which was afterward finished by Baldwin II. Sirnamed the Bald Earl of Flanders in 902. who also joined the Abbey of Sithieu to the City Afterwards Therouan being demolished in the XVI Century there were instead of it founded two Bishopricks in 1559. viz. that of Bologne and of St. Omer Near to this City is a Lake containing several small floating Islands Inhabited by certain Families that never marry but among themselves without going out of these Islands which they make to go too and fro at pleasure either with Cords or Poles St. Omer is a great and fair City well fortified having on the one side the River and Marshes and on the other side is defended by a strong Castle with good Bastions and deep
he had Frederick the Vth. who was Chosen King of Bohemia in 1619. but Dethroned after the Battel of Prague in 1620. and his Territories were given to the Duke of Bavaria with the Dignity of Elector He died at Mentz in 1632. leaving behind him three Sons by Elizabeth Daughter of James the First of Great Brittain viz. Charles Robert and Edward Robert commonly called Prince Robert and well known in England was Created Duke of Cumberland and Died without Legitimate Issue Edward Died a Papist at Paris in 1663. leaving three Daughters by Princess Ann of Mantua one of them viz. Anne Married to the Prince of Conde Charles had part of his Fathers Inheritance restored to him by the Peace of Munster in 1648. and a Eighth Electorate was Created in his behalf viz. that of the Palatine of the Rhine and the Upper Palatinate remained in the Duke of Bavaria's Hands The Elector Charles Married Charlotte Daughter to the Landtgrave of Hesse Cassel by whom he had Charles and Elizabeth Charlotte who was Married to the Duke of Orleans only Brother to King Lewis the XIVth of France Charles Succeeded his Father in the Electorate and in 1671. Married Wiellielmine Ernestine Daughter to Frederick the IIId King of Denmark He died in 1685. without Issue and was Succeeded by Philip William Duke of Newburg a Popish Prince In 1688. and 1689. The French entered his Territories and laid most part of them wa st on pretence of the Allodial Claim'd by the Dutchess of Orleans Sister to the late Elector who died without Issue This Country is divided in two viz. the Palatinate properly so called and the Dominions of several particular Princes adjoining to it The Palatinate properly so called where are Heidelberg Cap. Manheim Frankendal Openheim Caub Creutznach Newstat Keiserslautern Bacharach Simmeren Earld Ingelheim Places adjoining to the Palatinate and Subject to several Princes Spire Imper. Bish Wormes Imper. Bish Philipsburg to the French Darmstat Landgraviat Deux-Ponts Dutchy Birkenfeld Earld Mont-Royal Remarkable Towns in the Palatinate of the Rhine I. Heidelberg HEildelberg Lat. Heilderberga which some think to be the Budoris of the Ancients is Metropolis of the Palatinate of the Rhine seated at the foot of an Hill on the Neckar over which it has a Wooden Bridge it is said to have formerly belonged to the Bishoprick of Worms but was granted to Lewis Count Palatine in 1225. It was enlarged by Robert Count Palatine who was Chosen Emperor in 1392. And Rupertus Count Palatine Founded an University here in 1346. This Town is large fair well Built and well Peopled and the usual Residence of the Elector who had a Noble Magnificent and Strong Castle here till the French blew it up in the present War when they were forced to leave it contrary to the Capitulation with the Dauphin in 1688. The Town-House and the Churches of St. Peter and the Holy Ghost are stately Buildings The Wine of this Place is much esteem'd The Castle is also Famous for a great huge Tun commonly called The Tun of Heilderberg The University has great Priviledges one of which is Power of Life and Death over all that belong to it without Power of Revocation or Infringement in the Prince himself This University has been Famous for many great Men and had one of the best Libraries in Europe which Count Tilly sent to Rome in 1622. after he had taken the Town which suffered extreamly in the late German Wars It was taken by the French in 1688. and a little while after burn'd and abandon'd In 1693. Heidelberg was Betrayed to the French King's Troops under the Command of Mareschal De Lorge the City laid in Ashes the Tombs of the Dead Princes and Princesses inhumanely Destroyed and their Corps exposed the Garrison and Inhabitants Cruelly Butchered and the Women after Protection brutishly Ravish'd Part of the Garrison flying to the Castle Capitulated A little while after Heidersdorf the Governour being Condemned to Death by a Council of War at Hailbron was Reprieved but degraded of the Teutonick Order led about the Imperial Camp in a Cart buffetted in a disgraceful manner by the Common Hangman treated with the heighth of Ignominy then Banished and Cudgelled to Death by the Peasants after he was let go by the Executioner Heidelberg stands 13 Miles N. E. of Spire 22 S. E. of Worms 18 N. E. of Philipsburg and 48 almost S. of Francfort Long. 28 d. 27 m. Lat. 49 d. 17 m. II. Manheim Manheim is seated on the Confluent of the Rhine and the Neckar It was taken and ruined by the Spaniards in the beginning of the XIIIth Century but was Rebuilt and handsomly Fortified by Charles Lewis Elector Palatine It was taken and abandoned by the French in 1689. and since that time they have intirely ruined it in a most Barbarous manner It stands 11 Miles almost N. W. of Heidelberg III. Frankendal Frankendal Lat. Franchendalia formerly no more than an Abbey afterwards a Place of Refuge for the Belgian Exiles about 1574. now a new City which was well Fortified scarce a League distant from the Rhine afterwards taken by the Spaniards and restored to the Elector Palatine by the Pacification of Munster but in the present War most cruelly laid in Ashes by the French It stands 18 miles N. W. of Heidelberg VI. Oppenheim Oppenheim Lat. Oppenhemium a small City Imperial and Free until it was granted with its Territory to Rupert Prince Palatine by the Emperor in 1402. It stands upon a Hill near the Rhine 11 miles almost S. of Mentz and 17 N. of Worms The French put a Garrison into it in 1688. and have Ruin'd it since V. Caub Caub is a little Town with the Castle of Gudenfelts on the Rhine against which in the middle of the River is the Castle of Pfaltz whence some but falsly would have the Princes Title of Pfaltzgrave derived VI. Creutznach Creutznach is a little Town on the small River Nake with a strong Castle Subject to the French since 1688. It stands 20 Miles almost S. W. of Mentz VII Newstat Newstat is a small Town seated on the River Spirebach Eight Miles N. of Landau and 15 almost W. of Spire and Philipsburg It is now Subject to the French VIII Keiserslautern Keiserslautern Lat. Caesaropolis is upon the River Lauter near the Dutchy of Deuxponts the French call it Caseloutre they took it in September 1688. under the Marquis of Boufflers after they had been repulsed in two several Storms It stands 28 Miles almost S. W. of Worms 32 W. of Spire and 40 almost S. of Mentz IX Bacharach Bacharach is a small Town on the Rhine once Free and Imperial now belonging to the Elector Palatine It stands 22 Miles W. of Mentz X. Simmeren Simmeren Lat. Simmera is the Capital City of a little Province of the same Name bearing the Title of Earldom This little Place is adorned and strengthned with a very considerable Castle It belongs to the Elector Palatine but is now Subject
to the French It stands 24 Miles nigh S. of Coblentz and 33 W. of Mentz Long. 26 d. 52 m. Lat. 49 d. 59 m. XI Ingelheim Ingelheim Lat. Ingelhemium and Ingelenhemium is a small Town on the Rhine once Free and Imperial but now belonging to the Elector Palatine and Subject to the French The Emperor Charlemaign was Born there in 742. and afterwards repaired it Lewis the Debonair died there in 840. It stands Eight Miles W. of Mentz and as many E. of Bingen Places adjoining to Palatinate I. Spire SPire or Spires Lat. Spira or Augusta Nemetum or Noviomagus is a great rich populous City near the Rhine with a Bishoprick under the Arbishoprick of Mentz It is an Imperial and Free City but under the protection of the Elector Palatine The Cathedral was Built in 1411. by Conrade the Emperor in which are the Sepulchres of the Emperors Henry IV. Philip V. Rudolph I. Adolphus of Nassau and Albert I. The Imperial Chamber which was first Instituted at Francfort in 1495. by Maximilian I. and in the Year 1530. removed to this City by Charles V. Consists of two Presidents whereof the one is a Protestant the other a Romanist and of 15 Counsellors whereof Seven are Protestants and Eight Romanists The Government of the City was all Lutheran but the Cathedral was in the Hands of the Bishop a Roman Catholick There were several Convents of both Sexes and a College of Jesuits The Calvinists had also a Church here but their number was not considerable Tho' the Town subsisted chiefly by the Imperial Chamber yet there was an endless Dispute between them and the Chamber concerning their Priviledges For the Government of the Town pretended that the Judges of the Chamber as they were private Men and out of the Court of Judicature were subject to them and in the Year 1685. they put one of them in Prison and on the other hand the Judges said their Persons were sacred In the last War in 1672. between the French and the Emperor this City enjoyed a Neutrality on the Account of this Chamber but in the Year 1638. was taken and Garrison'd by the French and in 1689. a War ensuing for the Recovery of the Countries Ravish'd from the Empire by the French they with the utmost Inhumanity burned and destroy'd this Ancient and Venerable City Hereupon the Imperial Chamber was by the Diet with the Consent of the Emperor removed to Weslar a City of Hassia The Ruins of Spire stand 13 Miles S. W. of Heidelberg and 22 S. of Worms Long. 28 d. 12 m. Lat. 49 d. 11 m. II. Worms Worms Lat. Vormacia or Barbetomagus or Barbitomagus Vangionum is a Great Famous Imperial Free City upon the Rhine with a Bishoprick Suffragant of Mentz The Bishop is Lord thereof as well as of the little Country whereof it is Capital Attila destroyed it in the Fifth Century and Clovis repair'd it again It was often taken in the last Wars of Germany The Town was honoured a considerable time with an Archbishops See whereof it was deprived about 750. by Pope Zachary who removed that Dignity to Mentz leaving only the Title of Bishoprick to Worms in Punishment of Gervillon the last Archbishop his Treachery who kill'd an an Officer whom he had invited to come to confer with him out of his Enemies the Saxons Camp Here have been several Councils held as in 764 770. 1078 c. A Famous Diet was also held here in 1521. in which Luther defended his Doctrine before the States of the Empire Worms was burnt by the French in 1689. and stands 23 Miles N. E. of Heidelberg and Spire and 33 S. of Francfort Long. 28 d. Lat. 49 d. 32 m. III. Philipsburg Philipsburg is a very important Fortress near the Rhine called formerly Vdenheim it took its Modern Name from Philip Christopher de Saleren Bishop of Spire and Archbishop of Trier This Prelate caused it to be Built and Fortified with seven Bastions where the Bishops Castle and the Village of Vdenheim stood almost upon the Brink of the Rhine in a Plain surrounded with Marish Ground This Place was Consigned to the Bishop of Spire but still under the Protection of the Emperor the Bishop has ever had his Residence in the Castle which is a Noble Pile It fell into the hands of the Imperialists in _____ through the Cowardliness of the Governour The Swedes drove them thence Jan. 15. 1634. and gave it to Lewis XIII but as the Fortification of it could not be finish'd because of the rigour of the Winter The Imperialists surpriz'd it by Night Jan. 23. 1635. Afterwards the Duke of Anguien having defeated the Bavarians at Friburg retook Spire and Philipsburg Sept. 1644. The French King caused it to be regularly Fortified and made it a very important Place The Germans and their Allies who had blocked it up for a long time Besieged it May 16. 1676. and it was surrendred to them upon Articles Sept. the 17th following In 1688. Sept. the 27th It was invested by the French The 6th of October the Dauphin of France came thither and here made his first Campaign the first of November it was surrendred when it might have holden out much longer However this Siege gave liberty to the Prince of Orange now our King to come over into England Philipsburg stands seven Miles S. of Spire and 18 S. W. of Heidelberg Long. 28 d. 10 m. Lat. 49 d. 4 m. IV. Darmstat Darmstat Lat. Darmstadium with the Title of Landgraviate is about Two Leagues from the Rhine It belongs to a Prince of the Family of Hesse and has a well Fortified Castle The Castles of Mariemburg on the Rhine and Russelheim on the Main belong also to that Prince Darmstat stands on the River of the same Name 14 Miles S. of Francfort 23 S. E. of Mentz 17 N. E. of Worms and 30 N. of Heidelberg Long. 28 d. 16 m. Lat. 49 d. 41 m. V. Deux-Ponts Deux-Ponts Lat. Bipontium Germ Zweibruck is a Town on the River Scwolbe with a strong Castle and the Title of Dukedom It stands 44 Miles almost W. of Worms and about 50 from Strasburg Mentz and Triers Long. 26 d. 54 m. Lat. 49 d. 19 m. This Town gives its Name to a very Ancient and Noble Family which is a Branch of that of Bavaria in this manner Stephen Duke of Sicmeren second Son to the Emperor Robert the Little had two Sons by his Wife Anne of Veldens viz. Frederick and Lewis the Black Lewis dying in 1489. left Alexander Sirnamed The Halt Duke of Deux-Ponts who died in 1514. and was succeeded by Lewis II. who embraced the Protestant Religion and died in 1532. His Son Wolfgand was his Successor he added to his Fathers Dominions the Principality of Newburg and died in France in 1569. where he had led Succours out of Palatinate to the Protestants of that Kingdom he left Five Sons viz. Philip Lewis John Frederick and Charles and two Daughters John was his Successor who