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A16264 The new-found politicke Disclosing the secret natures and dispositions as well of priuate persons as of statesmen and courtiers; wherein the gouernments, greatnesse, and power of the most notable kingdomes and common-wealths of the world are discouered and censured. Together with many excellent caueats and rules fit to be obserued by those princes and states of Christendome, both Protestants and papists, which haue reason to distrust the designes of the King of Spaine, as by the speech of the Duke of Hernia, vttered in the counsell of Spaine, and hereto annexed, may appeare. Written in Italian by Traiano Boccalini ... And now translated into English for the benefit of this kingdome.; De' ragguagli di Parnaso. English Boccalini, Traiano, 1556-1613.; Vaughan, William, 1577-1641.; Florio, John, 1553?-1625.; Scott, Thomas, 1580?-1626. Newes from Pernassus.; Boccalini, Traiano, 1556-1613. Pietra del paragone politico. 1626 (1626) STC 3185; ESTC S106274 157,616 256

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Dominion wee inioy the preheminence of G●noa and the commoditie of the Sea with hauens from whence in times of peace by Trafficke we receiue very great Gaine and in times of warres we open a secure passage to our Armadaes and Armies From hence the Kingdome of Naples is preserued where we shall hardly arriue with our armed Gallies through the midst of the Tirr●ene Sea in a tempestuous Winter if wee touch not and ride at Anchor in one of these places From this State in briefe we are enabled to goe into Switz●rland and Germany there to leuie Souldiers for the Low-Countries to giue and receiue aid from the confederate Princes besides that with the situation of this place being in the midst of Lumbardy we hold the residue of Italy bridled that they dare not stirre to oppose our wills The which things although they bee knowne vnto this most prudent Councell and better yet to your Maiestie I would notwithstanding put you in minde thereof because you might excuse me if I seemed perchance fearefull or iealous for the preseruation thereof and certainely when I shall conceiue that there is some securitie and sufficiency in these courses which now are propounded I will then rancke my selfe among the first to incline to peace wishing that after our tedious and long warres in Flaunders which haue consumed both the men and Kingdomes wee might breathe a while and recouer some fresh blood and also refresh our drooping vitall Spirits to be the better able one day gloriously to encounter and lead our armies against the Infidels and to spread in their countries both the Christian Faith and the Empire But what security doe wee see in th●se propounded Treaties The Popes Nuntio doth promise that if we would free the Duke of Sauoy from the feare he is in to be preuented and oppressed the Duke should likewise disarme and hold himselfe alwayes hereafter your Maiesties good kinsman and seruant and that he shall neuer more minister cause of innouation nor nourish any intelligence preiudiciall to the State of Milan And to secure vs from fraud that he shall leaue his second Sonne at your Court for pledge But he speakes nothing of alienating and separating himselfe from the friendship and aliance of France nor that he will oppose himselfe against their forces when they shall attempt to assault this State of Milan And who doth not here see his fraud as if we were so simple in beleefe and knew not how to diue where his thoughts tended Are not we sufficiently choked and made perfect of his cunning deuices Seeing that the Count de Fuentes hath written from Milan that we ought not to trust him that his Treaties and practises holden with the King of France were most certaine for the surprizing of that State let no man tell me that it is securitie sufficient to lay a sonne of his in our hands for hostage because he hauing other sonnes left him at home among whom is his Eldest sonne will neuer care to remoue him hence to hinder his designes no more then King Francis was hindred and stayed from raising Armes against the Emperour Charles the fift after hee had left his two sonnes in pledge Or the Prince of Orange who for all that he had giuen a Son of his in pawne desisted not to conspire the ruine of Flanders against your most glorious Father He hath declared himselfe what he is and what remorse of conscience he feeles that now hath complotted against a King his Kinsman and Benefactour against that house which twise restored him to the State which he holds in that he would compasse and effect the French Match notwithstanding your Maiesties disagreement and disswasion For your Maiestie fore-saw that this match would proue a Seminary of Discord and a rocke of Scandall Now he tryeth and compasseth by all meanes onely to auoid the present perill and to watch an occasion to deceiue vs another time or to take vs vnprouided For all this hee comes not with humilitie to procure pardon from the magnanimity and generositie of your most sacred mind but casting himselfe into the armes of your enemies with weapons in hand and with threats he goes about to terrifie you and with the greatest indignity to force your Maiestie to a peace no lesse ignominious then ill secured We haue too much lost if it be lawfull forme to speake the truth our reputation in yeelding to a Truce with the States of Holland though the same was accounted necessary for our Affaires in regard of the difficulty to sustaine the charge of a warre so farre remote To which now let vs adioyne this point that there is not so vile an aduersary who dares not to moue and conuert his thoughts at euery nouelty and already we see the rest of the Italians discontented with our Greatnesse willing to rise against vs yea and to call the Iewes and the Turkes in to their succour albeit with their owne dangers if God and the Angell Guardians of your Crowne doe not worke continuall miracles for our Defence truely I cannot see who shall deliuer vs. What then remaines Most sacred King I am of opinion that Peace is not to be refused so that the same be concluded with safety the which can no way be but by holding in deposit● and impawned in your hands those Forts which shall be thought fit by your Captaines and to releeue them vpon his cost and for your good or at least that hee disburse the greatest part of the expence occasioned hitherto through his default This Demaund ought not to seeme strange vnto him seeing he hath wittingly and aduisedly vsed such ingratitude and deceits so oftentimes against you Therefore we must let him vnderstand that we may not repose any confidence in him except we haue these Forts in pledge that so we may safely with our Reputation reduce our matters to a sound issue not leauing place for him in reason to complaine of vs as the Authours of the warre But if the Duke will not consent to these our iust demaunds and will refuse to receiue our Garrisons into his Forts I am of the minde it is better to make warre against him then by protracting time to expect troubles hereafter in our owne home Another time we may runne into a greater hazzard and wee may haue to doe with a more powerfull Prince In the meane while it is conuenient for your Maiesties honour to aduenture all into the hand of Fortune then voluntarily to yeeld with so great indignitie to conditions of so little safety Howbeit I see not where those dangers lie which some would make so great I am sure that in respect of the Iustice of the cause where a man is not stirred with any desire to spoyle another of his due but with necessity to preserue his owne State and that with greater facility then some imagine the Duke of Sauoyes power is not stronger then ours I am sure that hee is in a manner weake and for
two reasons to be slighted as well in knowing him to be dangerously suspected as also in that he is driuen to stand Armed and on his guard which cannot but consume him in a short time Nor doth their opinion any whit moue me which say that he shall not want succours out of France and out of those parts of Italy which are interessed for their preseruation because the French which should aide him are deriued from a Gouernment whereof the Head is a Woman diuided in Religion full of emulation and of sundry disagreements among themselues where it is no hard matter still to nourish and increase their doubts with their dissentions and diuersified resolutions so that the effects of them will fall out to be of small securitie vaine or long and vncertaine And the dessignes of the Italians enuironed with our bordering States are become weakned and worne out by the sodaine death of the French King in whom they had grounded their hopes so that now being afraid of our nighbouring Forces and by the rising Fortunes of your Maiestie they wil not presume openly to descend into this warre but rather by obseruing other mens proceedings and vainely trusting to the benefit of the time they will stand idle as mournfull spectators of the tempest which beates on their Neighbours fields vnto whom it shall be in your Maiesties power to giue them that ●orme and Law whatsoeuer your Benignity shall please to impose and hereafter shall be aduised according to the times Neither let your Maiestie faile to entertaine them with sundry cautions and artificiall promises and with protestations to affirme vnto them that what you take away from their Father you will restore it to the Sonne granting that to your Bloud which now you haue denyed to the Father for his ill deserts With these hopefull promises let the Prince Philebert be fed and extraordinarily made much off In the meane time then let the prouisions for the warre be speedily hastened on assembling souldiers out of the State of Milan which are not enfeebled as some I know not whether they doe it of zeale or interest doe expresse to minister an occasion to the enemy of insulting We haue men for number and valour sufficient for a greater enterprize then this among these good store of old Souldiers exercised in the Warres of the Low-Countries nor are there wanting Captaines of estimation and experience And if your Treasure seemes somewhat scanted you haue a way to find out so much money as you please by departing with diuers Merchandises and by feeding your Creditors with the particulars of the Fleets at their returne from the Indies and also by other extraordinary meanes And seeing that your Maiestie hath no warres at this present in any other parts the ordinary Reuenues of your Kingdomes are enough to supply the charge of this warre Besides the seat of the warre will fall out to be in a great part of the Enemies owne Territories which will euery day produce more fortunate conditions Onely let your Maiestie resolue and determine to passe as Caesar did the Rubicon and then all things will succeed easie plaine and the fruits of the victory will alwayes ouercome the lightnesse of beliefe Occasions are rare and you had need to meet with them For whosoeuer thinkes you may aspire to the Empire of Italy without vnsh●●thing your sword or a●iding the hazard shewes that he hath had but small doings in the world God and Fortune doe fauour the Aduenturous the vigilant and valiant and despiseth the fearefull the sleepy and the pusillanimous Shall we for friuolous suspicions of remote dangers contemne liuely and assured hopes I doe then conclude Most inuincible King that vnlesse we may haue some Forts impawned into our hands without the which the State of Milan will still remaine in the same perill we ought not in any wise to embrace that other Treaty which is offered by the Popes Nuntio nor to stay so long vntill the new King of France bee growne to his riper yeares lest hee be then incited and prouoked by this Duke who is full of vast and irregular conceits to passe the mountaines to your dammage but now whilest he is a Pupill it is necessary to preuent the inconuenience and to transferre the Warre into the Enemies Land I beseech your Maiestie to consider with what good opportunity the way is made open for you to the Monarchy of Italy and to the greater part of Europe as God hath lately fauoured you In what manner hath hee dissipated and confounded our Enemies Counsels by the sodaine death of Henry the fourth That Kingdome is now without a Head Italy disunited and weake Germany all tottered and diuided The Turke is beaten backe and intangled in the Warres of the Levant so that none is able to withstand your designes The Iniury is apparant which prickes you to a iust reuenge and frees you from any blot of too much desire of Rule Your Age which is now at the flowre is pried into and expected that it walke with some trauell through the way of Glory with the which your Greatnesse shall no lesse bee conioyned then the Aduancement of Religion together with the safety of all Christendome By which proceedings we shall see that verified of your Maiestie which many Learned men with no ambiguous obseruations of the Celestiall Influences and of the worlds passages haue oftentimes affirmed to haue beene ordayned in Heauen that this most Noble Prouince hauing beene oppressed for so many Ages vnder the hard bondage of Strangers ought at last in the Reuolution of so many yeares to stand aboue all and to extend their Empire to the vttermost Confines of the Earth and to remaine nothing inferiour to that of the Persians of the Macedonians or Romanes FINIS
of those Princes that with halters poynards and axes knew not how to preuent such dangerous offences haue beene seene otherwhere It being a rule in matters of State as common as secure That that minister which giueth to his Prince the least shadow of suspition of his faith incurreth a capitall paine because those Captaines which haue the care of Armies in their power are bound like the wiues of Honourable personages to liue with such puritie of minde that they be free not only from blame but from the least suspition of a blame-worthy thought That touching the seizure of his Bashawes estates after their death he thought he might truly say that the entertainments gifts and wealth wherewithall other Princes rewarded their ministers in comparison of those inexhaustible riches which he bestowed on his well-deseruing Officers were vile and poore as those Royall Treasures which Ruften Mahomet Ibrahin and infinite others left behind them after their decease haue fully testified That the greatest regard which a Prince ought to haue in rewarding his ministers consisteth in prouiding that the vnmeasurable riches wherewith he bought of them infinite fidelitie may not possibly at any time be conuerted to the prejudice of him that vsed the liberalitie That from the grieuous disorders fallen out in the States of other Potentates he had found it to be a matter most pernitious vnto Princes that the extraordinary riches left by a deseruing Minister should passe vnto his children not hauing first deserued it by their vertue valour and fathers said fidelitie of the Prince That he had not out of couetousnesse as many misiudged confiscated the great inheritances of his Bashawes but that by the commoditie thereof those subiects should not be idle and consequently vicious which being descended of fathers of notable valour gaue the Prince assured hope they would imitate the vertues of their Progenitors That the gate of his Treasure stood perpetually open to the heires of his Ministers to restore them their fathers inheritances twice doubled when they with their fidelitie and valour should deserue them and how much the riches of men vicious and subiect to ambition were apt to disturbe the peace of any Kingdome how great soeuer well appeared by the fresh examples which he had seene both in France and Flanders Whilst the Ottoman Empire spake in this manner he obserued that the renouned French Monarchy with the shaking of her head seemed to declare that she no way approued those reasons whereupon somewhat the more moued he said thus Mighty Queene my custome in seizing vpon the estates of my Bashawes is profitable for the greatnesse and quiet of my State and in regard of the friendship that is betwixt vs I would to God the same course were obserued in your France for you know full well to what vse Henry the Duke of Guize conuerted the exceeding riches wherewithall the liberall Kings Francis the first and Henry the second rewarded the merits of Duke Francis his father You and I and all those that raigne doe know how the sweetest bait that can allure men is a Crowne and there being no man which for to taste neuer so little of it but would hold it a great pleasure for to expose euen his life to manifest danger of losing it Princes ought to be most vigilant in keeping with extremest seueritie the passages thereunto closed vp against all men nay they ought to accōmodate their affaires in such sort that no priuate man whatsoeuer should once hope to taste of so sweet a thing And I tell you freely that if your Duke of Guiz● had in my State but onely thought that which with such publike scandall he boldly put in execution in your Kingdome of France I would the very first day haue giuen him that blow whereunto your King Henry the third although he were incited vnto it by the greater part of the Princes of Italy could neuer be drawne vntill the very last houre of his shamefull disgraces and euen at that instant when the sort of the French vprores was become an incurable vlcer for where ambition raigneth among Nobles Princes are constrained to shew themselues all seueritie continually keeping scaffolds in readines prepared to punish the seditious and rebellious and their Treasury open to reward the quiet and the loyall that Prince being vnworthy to command that hath not the vnderstanding how to make himselfe be obeyed neither can there be a more scandalous matter seene not met withall in a State then that the Prince should liue in jealousie of an Officer which ought to tremble before him But it is the propertie of you the Princes of Christendome making profession of Learning and directing your selues by rules of policie to call me Barbarous and my secure way of proceeding Tyrannicall whilst in the meane time yee suffer your selues to be reduced by your Heroycall vertues of clemencie and gentlenesse to shamefull tearmes of enduring vnworthy things It is not possible to deliuer how much the Ottoman Empire offended all the Vertuous of the sacred Colledge with his discourse who standing vp told him in great disdaine how they could proue with present reasons that all which he had said were most wicked conceipts vnworthy to be spoken by any person that had a soule or to be heard of men that made profession of honour Whereunto the Ottoman Empire answered smiling That others in the gouernment of Kingdomes might haue regard to Vertue and I know not what but for his part he would neuer be perswaded but that the quiet and peace of States ought to be preferred before all other humane interests whatsoeuer Then the Censor to cut off so odious a dispute turning to the great Duchie of Moscouy said vnto him That the most noble perogatiue of raigning ouer people which were louers of Learning and excellently Vertuous was the second amongst the greatnesses of a Prince Whereas he by so endeuouring to bring vp his subjects in a grosse ignorance reaped no small blame if not much disreputation because euery one skorned him for that expelling the famous liberall Arts out of his State he had onely permitted his people to learne the benefit of writing and reading To this Censure the Duchie of Moscouy answered That the dreadfull fire which he had obserued Learning had euer kindled in those States where it had been admitted had made him resolue not to suffer in any sort that so scandalous a Cockle should be sowed in his Duchie for men being the heards of Princes as sheepe the flocks of priuate persons it were extreme folly to arme those gentle sheepe their subiects with the malice which Learning engraffeth into their dispositions that attaine vnto it whereas otherwise in regard of that harmelesse simplicitie wherewith Almighty God hath created them they may be commodiously ruled and gouerned be they neuer so many in number by one Prince alone And how he held for infallible truth that if the Germans and Hollanders had been maintained by their Princes in