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A27264 A letter to a friend being an historical account of the affairs of Hungary, more particularly relating to Buda and how treacherously it was surpized by Solyman the Magnificent from the Christians Anno 1541 : as also an account of the late siege anno 1684. A. B. 1684 (1684) Wing B17; ESTC R5133 4,881 10

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the Province Which being done and things being not so well with Ferdinand as not to suspect the Cardinal there was an Order sent That they should do with the Cardinal what they thought fit for the acquiring and keeping the possession of Transylvania which was taken for a Sentence of Death upon which the Cardinal was stobbed And for this Murther did the Pope excommunicate Ferdinand though afterwards absolved and Transylvania wholly subject to him Anno 1552. The Queen once more sued for Protection of Solyman and after Four years being out of Possession regains the Principality for her son John Sygismund by the beating out of Ferdinand She died Anno 1554. Charles the Fifth resigning and Ferdinand the First being made Emperour he accompanied his Son Maximilian the Second to the Dyet of Hungary where he was elected King in September 1562. though not without a bustle of which I shall say something At the Dyet there was a Question started about the Election For Ferdinand insisted on it That according to the Instrument stipulated between him and Ladislaus Father of King Lewis there was nothing more to be done but to declare his Son King because Election ought to have no place but upon the failure of the Austrian Line But the Hungarians stood upon it that those Agreements were obtained by violence on the part of Ladislaus and covetousness on the part of the Palatine of that time who was gained with Presents so that his Assent was not sufficient to binde the Universality of the Kingdom who always reserve to its self a free will to chuse its King As also since that the Election might not be awed by any Authority whatsoever it hath been decreed since the year 1498. That to the Dyet design'd for the Royal Creation there shall intervene no Ministers of any Forrein Prince so that if there should happen a Consent that Maximilian should be their King they will wholly have it by Election and not by Declaration which Election hath all along to our days continued notwithstanding the Instruments and Compacts as before registred Ferdinand the First died Anno 1564 at the 61 year of his age he wanted no will but help to deliver his Country from the Turks Maximilian was of quiet Inclinations yet upon his coming in a Council was called wherein the Truce being out they were to think of renewing the Peace or of making a War But this was diverted with the Turks upon the Invasion of John Sygismund Prince of Transylvania who following the steps of his Father adhered to the Port after the death of Ferdinand But being too weak for Maximilian he called in the Turk Anno 1566. and at the Siege of Zighet Solyman died before the taking thereof and the brave Nicholas Serini was killed for which Maximilian was blamed But the next year was a Peace of eight years made between Maxmilian Selin the Second and John Sygismund who soon after died being the last of the Line of Sapulia to the great satisfaction of the Zealous who were glad to see a Race that had its Center in Constantinople rooted out Now since there depends much on this Peace I shall be short They were reciprocally to forget Injuries That laying aside the Title of King taken upon the account of being born a King he should be contented with that of Serene Prince That the Vpper Transylvania should be enjoyed by Sygismund by an Hereditary Title and the Lower during his Life only after which it should pass to Caesar That if by the Turks he should be driven out of Transylvania he should repair to Silesia to the Castle of Opolia That if the Turks should attack the Province Maximilian should come to his assistance That if Sygismund should die without Issue there should be chosen by the States of Transylvania another Prince inseperably united to the party of the House of Austria These Capitulations were also ratified by the Transylvanians but to be kept from the Turks c. a miserable condition for Christian Princes Besides the Hungarian Pension little hapned till the taking of Copan by Serini from the Turks Anno 1588. But this was disowned by Maximilian Something more I would have said but that the bulk of my Letter is already too big I shall therefore lay aside all other things and conclude with the Affairs of Hungary and Buda as they now stand The early Success of the Campaign gave the Imperialists hopes that nothing would stand before them For by the latter end of June they had routed the Turkish Army near Vaccia In the beginning of July they had taken Pest and the Bridge of Boats By the middle of July had beaten the Turkish Camp that lay about Buda and taken the Old Town and went so on with their Mines Works c. that they doubted not but to be Masters of the place in a very short time That in July they reckoned their Forces Forty thousand men their Army in a flourishing condition That the Walls and Castles of the Town were old and irregular That they were lodged in the upper Ditch That if Leshley should joyn them they would be Fifty thousand strong That they had taken Gerarsberg from whence they did very much incommode the Besieged Nay so confident were they of mastering the place that on August the 9th 't was reported that it was taken by Assault For that there were differen● between the Officers of the Garrison that they wanted all manner of Necessaries and Provisions that the Garrison diminished That July 22th the Duke of Lorain had beaten the Turkish Camp that was under the Serasquier for the Relief of Buda That the Army was Twenty five thousand strong before the arrival of the Duke of Bavaria's Forces who were some about the middle of September at Buda others not till towards the latter end But now of a sudden the faces of things began to alter For on the 23th of September the Turks are the Agressors and assault the Imperial Camp The Salleys are often and strong the wet weather incommoded the Christians and though they have had Recrits of Men and Provisions at times yet they have not come seasonable that the Army decayed faster than supplied And though on the 12th of October a general Assault be intended yet the Serasquier drawing nearer the Imperial Camp maketh other measures the Assault is put off to a further time hoping that Necessity would reduce the place or else the Serasquier remove further from them But whilst every one had their eyes on the Serasquier judging the Relief would come from that side of the Danube on the 24th of October the Bassa of Agria from Pest-side supplied the Town with Men Provisions and Necessaries And on the 30 of October the Dukes of Lorain and Bavaria shewed their Conduct not enough to be admired in bringing off an Army safe under such Circumstances from among such bad Neighbours For it was as if both parties were contented to let each other draw off to take breath against another Encounter Sir this is at present all I have to trouble you with I am November 14. 1684. Yours c. A. B. FINIS LONDON Printed for W. Davis in Amen-corner