Christ from the dead save only for his own benefit and advancement Answ Yes The Apostle Paul expresly teacheth us that he was raised again viz. from death for our justification Rom. 4.25 which the Apostle Peter interprets at least in part where he saith that God raised him up from the dead and gave him glory that your Faith and Hope might be in God 1 Pet. 1.21 And the former Apostle elsewhere saith If Christ be not risen then is our preaching vain and your Faith is also vain 1 Cor. 15.14.17 If Christ had still remained or been deteyned by God in the prison of Death it would have argued that he had failed or fallen short in giving that satisfaction unto the justice of God for sin which was undertaken by him and consequently there could have been no sufficient ground for any man to believe in God for the forgivenesse of his sins upon the account of his death without which Faith there can be no justification Whereas his being discharged by God from his imprisonment in death effectually proveth that he had made full payment unto him of that debt which he had taken upon himself to discharge And upon this account there is firm footing for every man to expect by Faith the forgiveness of his sins at the hand of God Quest 22. By what or whose power was Christ raised from the dead Answ The Scripture ascribeth his raising or riseing again from the dead sometimes unto himself or his own power and sometimes and more frequently unto God the Father and his power See and compare Joh. 2.19 Rom. 1.4 Joh. 10.18 1 Pet. 3.18 Rom. 14.9 Act. 24.32 Act. 5.4.10 Act. 5. 30. 1 Cor. 15.15 Eph. 1.20 with many others Quest 23. Why is the resurrection of Christ attributed unto himself or his own power Answ For the confirmation of this great Article of our faith that he is truly and by nature God or the natural Son of God Rom. 1.4 inasmuch as none but God is able to raise the dead Ephe. 1.19 20. Quest 24. Why is his resurrection ascribed unto God the Father Answ Partly to make the belief of it more passable with men inasmuch as it is no waies incredible but that God should be able to raise the dead Act. 26.8 though such a thing exceed's the power of every created being partly to confirm and satisfie us in this so great a matter of concernment to us that he is fully satisfied with the death and sufferings of Christ for the sins of the world and upon this account hath as it were with his own hands brought him out of the prison of death wherein he had been detained for a season Quest 25. What doth the Apostle Paul mean by a mans knowing the power of Christs Resurrection as likewise the Fellowship of his sufferings Phil. 3.10 Answ By knowing the power of Christs resurrection he meaneth an inward and reall sense or apprehension how mighty and glorious an encouragement the resurrection of Christ is unto any man to believe in God for salvation Or else how powerful an influence the resurrection of Christ rightly apprehended hath upon the Consciences of men to forsake all their dead works and to walk in newnesse of Life Rom. 6. verse 4. Compared with verse 5. By Fellowship with Christ in his Sufferings he means a mans dying that is his declining in love and affection to this present World and to all vain and sinful Contentments ingageing and provoking himself hereunto by the Consideration of the Sufferings of Christ for him He saith Peter that hath suffered in the Flesh that is who hath conformed himself unto Christ who suffered in the flesh for him Hath ceased from Sin 1 Pet. 4.1 Quest 26. How long after Christ's Resurrection was it before his Ascension Answ The space of forty daies Act. 1.3 Quest 27. Why did he make his abode on Earth for so long a time after his Resurrection before he asscended Answ Because God judged this space of time necessarie and competent for him to give full assurance of the Truth and Certainty of his Resurrection unto his Apostles by exhibiting several enterviews of himself unto them and this at times somewhat distant for their better satisfaction as also to give instructions unto them about managing that great and weighty affair of preaching and publishing the Gospel throughout the World which they were now shortly to enter upon with such other things as related hereunto as the raising and ordering of Churches c. Quest 28. Whither did Christ ascend Answ Farre above all Heavens Eph. 4.10 that is farre above all visible Heavens For otherwise God himself is said to be in Heaven Mat. 6.9 and elsewhere yea and Heaven is said to be his dwelling place 1 King 8.49 Elsewhere he is said to be gone into Heaven simply as Act. 1.11 and 1 Pet. 3.22 So to have entered into Heaven Heb 9.24 Therefore it is like that the Apostles meaning is that he asscended into that Heaven which is called the Heaven of Heavens Deut. 10.14 where God converseth face to face with his Holy Angels revealing himself in all his glory unto them The scituation of which Heaven is farre above all those other globes or Spheres which in respect of their feat above the Earth are called Heavens Quest 29. Was the Ascension of Christ any waies necessary or conducing to the benefit of the world or the salvation of men Answ His Ascension as it includes or implies his inauguration or entrance into his great Dignity and Glory in which notion the Scripture commonly speaks of it was necessary to minister an opportunity unto the Father together with himself to send forth the holy Spirit into the World after another manner and upon farre more gracious and glorious termes then according to his being in it formerly The reason why the Holy Ghost was not thus given some-while before is said to be because Jesus was not yet glorified that is entred into his glory Joh. 7.39 So a little before his Death he tells his Disciples that it was expedient for them that he should goe away meaning that he should ascend into Heaven or go up unto his Father For saith he if I go not away the Comforter will not come unto you But if I depart I will send him unto you Joh. 16.7 And Ephes 4.8 when he ascended up on high he led Captivity Captive that is that his triumphant Ascension declared that he had conquered Sin Death and Hell and so had dissolved or turned that great and sad Captivity or Thrauldome wherein the World was detayned by Sathan as having been conquered by him and gave Gifts unto men and ver 10 it is said that he ascended up farre above all Heavens that he might fill all things that is that he might heal the emptinesse and vanity of the World by filling men with the sound and saving knowledg of God which he did by giving the gifts mentioned ver 11. And he gave some Apostles some Prophets
practised For their Idolatrie as the Apostle Paul described it Rom. 1.25 stood chiefly in this that they worshipped and served the Creature 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is besides the Creatour as the Praeposition 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signifieth elsewhere in this Epistle Chap. 16. vers 17. For that they worshipped the Creatour also as well as or together with their Idolls or Creatures which they worshipped appears Act. 17.23 Therefore if the antient Fathers all along their successive generations together with the universe of Christians taught by them worshipped and served Christ and so the Holy Ghost as God as one and the same God with God the Father they must be judged and condemned as most gross and grievous Idolaters if these Christ I mean and the Holy Ghost prove creatures only and not God Yea Idolatry being one of those sins which without Repentance excludeth from the Kingdome of God 1 Cor. 6.9.10 Revel 22.15 it cannot well be conceived how any of them should be saved in case it be supposed that they lived and dyed worshippers and servers of Christ And the truth is that he had need have a very high esteem of his own understanding and a confident perswasion of much more then ordinary in it that shall undertake to prove or conclude that the whole Christian world upon the matter and an inconsiderable number of persons only excepted both teachers and people for so many ages together as have passed over the world since Christ was first worshipped as God lived and dyed under the guilt of that Soul-destroying sin of Idolatry This for Answer to the former part of the Question Concerning the latter part of the Question That one and the same Divine nature or Being which we call God should subsist in three which we call Persons distinct each from other may be numbred amongst the Apostle Peter's 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 things hard to be understood 2 Pet. 3.16 but not amongst the Logicians 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 sayings involving a contradiction or carrying in them an impossibilitie of truth For 1. The Divine nature or being differing on the right hand plùs quam toto genere more then by the whole genus from all created beings whatsoever and being supertranscendently and incomprehensibly excellent above the most perfect and excellent of these it is but reasonable to conceive that the manner of it's subsisting should be proportionable and appropriate to the unparallable dignity of this Being and consequently that it should have no communion with the manner according unto which any created nature or being whatsoever subsisteth Upon which account it must needs be unconceiveable incomprehensible by any created or finite understanding 2. It is most agreeable unto reason that the Divine nature or God should subsist in such a manner or upon such termes wherein he might enjoy himself in the greatest and highest contentment that can be imagined Yea in such contentment that infinitely surpasseth the imaginations of men Nor doth it bear hard upon any principle in reason to conceive that it should be matter of contentment unto God or unto the Divine nature or being to subsist in three equally partaking all the essential attributes and perfections of it yet really distinct one from the other in relative Considerations or Properties For by this means God or the Divine nature thus subsisting in three equal in knowledg equal in understanding in goodness holiness and all Divine qualifications and perfections may well be apprehended to enjoy himself upon termes best agreeable unto his nature I mean in a way of a divine and meet society fellowship and Communion And Zach. 13.7 God the Father termeth Christ the second in order of the three his Fellow which must be meant in respect of his God-head Awake O sword against my Shepherd and against the man that is my Fellow c. And when God that is the three subsisting in the God-head or Divine nature at the time of mans Creation spake thus Let us make man in our Image after our likenesse amongst other particulars intended in or by this likenesse he might possibly include that aptnesse to society with his own kind which is found in the nature of man Why the Divine nature or essence should subsist in three and neither in more nor in fewer and so why the first in order of the three should make himself known by the relation of a Father The second by the relation of a Son The third and last by the appellation of Spirit with some other heights and depths belonging to this mystery though some have essayed to give an account yet full satisfaction to the minds and understandings of men in such sublime Notions is I suppose reserved by God amongst many other heavenly contentments unknown in this world for the entertainment of his Saints in the World which is come But 3. Some diligent searchers into the hidden things of nature have with much confidence affirmed that in several of these they have discovered and observed the express foot-steps of the Trinity and have found plain Characters representing their Creatour as One in Three 4. Some ancient and learned Philosophers and Poets amongst the Heathen have uttered several sayings though in somewhat an obscure broken and indistinct manner by which notwithstanding it sufficiently appears that they had some impressions upon their understandings of the subsisting of the first and supream Being in Three who yet constantly maintained the onenesse of this being Therefore neither did these judge the opinion or doctrine of the Trinity to involve any contradiction or to wrong or offer the least violence to the reasons or understandings of men 5. And lastly Neither is it credible that Jesus Christ so unparalleld a pattern of humility and self-denial would have uttered with his own mouth such expressions from time to time as the Gospel ascribeth unto him by which the reasons and understandings of so many sober pious learned and well advised men should be tempted into a conceit or belief that he is truly God one and the same God with the Father in case he were a Creature only and had no communion by nature in the same divine essence with him Nor is it any whit more worthy belief that the Holy Ghost being the appropriate inditer of the body of the Scriptures should prompt his holy Amanuenses or Penmen with so many sayings as stand upon record here by which the minds and judgments of so many faithful and dear friends of God should be so bewitched so potently drawn as they have been into so gross so foul so dangerous and distructive an errour as to believe him to be truly God and consequently to worship and glorifie him as God indeed if it be supposed that notwithstanding all that he caused to be written upon the account of his own Honour and Dignity in this kind yet he was conscious to himself that he was but nihili nepos of kin unto nothing and of the creature race Doubtless the Holy
Ghost had he been a creature though an Angel though an Arch-Angel and of an order nighest unto God himself would upon an occasion of any thing said by him that might with the least probability induce men to think he were God and so to worship him have rather cautioned them to take heed of such a snare then leave it in the way as it were on purpose for their foot to be taken in For this is recorded by him to have been the genius and manner of those excellent Creatures the Angels I mean to take men off from worshipping or ascribing divine honour unto them See Judg. 13.16 Revel 22.8 9. Therefore certainly the Doctrine of the Trinity as it is commonly taught and believed by Christians containeth nothing in it that needs offend the minds reasons or consciences of any men Quest 10. Whether is it safe or meet to use the word Person when we speak of the Trinity or of the three subsisting in the Divine nature as to say There is one God and three Persons Answ Although the word Person is not found used in the Scriptures about the matter in hand as neither is the word Trinity yet may it conveniently enough and without offence be applyed to any of the three subsisting in the divine nature For by a Person is only meant an intellectual Individuum or one who partaketh with others in some intellectual nature yet is distinct in his being or subsisting from all those with whom he thus partaketh In this sense every of the three in the divine nature may be termed a Person because he partaketh with the other two in this nature being intellectual and yet subsisteth in this nature in a differing and distinct manner from them Thus God the Father subsisteth in the same intellectual nature with the Son and with the Spirit or the Holy Ghost but after a different and distinct manner from them both as viz. in relation of a Father or as generating a Son in which propriety or manner of subsisting neither of the other two partake with him In this respect he may be said to be a Person In like manner the second in order of the three subsisting in the same intellectual nature with the Father and the Spirit but after a manner appropriate to himself as viz. in the relation of a Son or one begotten may be termed a Person also There is the same consideration of the third who likewise may be termed a Person because he subsisteth in the same nature with the other two but in a manner peculiar to himself viz. as proceeding from the other two by way of Spiration CHAP. II. Of the Scriptures their Authority and Interpretation Quest 1. YOu still alledge the Scriptures for the confirmation and proof of what you hold in the Questions propounded to you Of what Authority and Credit are the Scriptures that you build upon them with so much confidence in matters of such great Concernment unto you Answ The Scriptures are of the greatest and least questionable authority and credit that may be and are to be believed in whatsoever they either affirm or deny before the apprehensions dictates or sayings of any mans sense reason or understanding yea before the most confident affirmations or denials of all the men in the World though agreeing and consenting in one upon the testimony or credit of all their senses reasons judgments and understandings repectively Quest 2. What maketh the Authority of the Scriptures so sacred and irrefragable that they ought not to be rejected gain-said suspected or doubted of in any thing they affirm or deny Answ The infallibility of their Author which is God his infallibility I say as well in the active as passive signification of the word For as he perfectly knoweth the truth of all things and is not liable to any errour ignorance or mistake in any thing so neither is he capable of speaking declaring or revealing any thing contrary to his knowledg It is utterly impossible for him either to be deceived or to deceive any man Quest 3. How can it be proved that God is the Author of the Scriptures or that they proceed from him Answ This may be proved by sundry arguments some taken from the Scriptures themselves others from other considerations Quest 4. By how many arguments taken from the Scriptures themselves that is either from the matter of them and the nature and quality of things contained and revealed in them or from the manner of the Language style or phrase wherein they are written may they be proved to come from God Answ The subject matter of the Scripture of the nature or quality of the things contained and revealed in them afford five arguments to prove them to be from God Quest 5. What is the first of these Arguments Answ The two great and heavenly designs revealed and discoursed in the Scriptures The one the eternal Salvation of a miserable and lost world The other the exaltation of godliness righteousness and true holinesse in the world These plainly testifie on the behalf of the Scriptures that they are of no meaner parentage or descent then from God himself Reason doth not permit any man to conceive or think that any creature should ever conceive or be delivered of two such births so transcendently glorious and adorable as these nor yet that any Creature whether good or bad would ever falsly father upon God any such excellent or worthy projections as either of these Quest 6. What is the second argument from the matter of the Scriptures which proveth them to be from God Answ The most profound contrivances and never sufficiently admired streins of wisdome by which the bringing to pass the two great designes mentioned is acording to the Scriptures intended by God are good evidence and proof that they the Scriptures proceed originally from no other Author but God Quest 7. What is a third argument drawn from the matter of the Scriptures by which they may be known to proceed from God Answ The discoveries that are made in the Scriptures of things so farr remote from the thoughts and apprehensions of men as many things are which are brought forth into a clear and perfect light by them as that manner method and time of the Creation of the Heavens and the earth with all the hosts of them the destruction of the old world for the wickednesse of it by a flood the mystery of the Trinitie of the Incarnation of the Son of God with many others undeniably prove they came from an Authour that is greater in knowledge and understanding then all creatures Quest 8. What is a fourth argument affording proof from the matter of the Scriptures that their Authority is divine Answ The many predictions found in the Scriptures of contingent events many years yea some ages before they were to take place or come to pass yet being duely fulfilled and coming to pass in their seasons demonstratively prove them to be of as divine Inspiration Quest 9.
as God a consideration distinguishing him from the other two the Father and the holy Spirit who subsist in the Divine nature only and peculiarly qualifying him for this great dignity and office of being the supream visible judg of the world according to the account which himself giveth where he saith that the Father hath given him Authority to execute judgment because he is the Son of Man Ioh. 5.27 God it seems judging it meet and most agreeable to his Wisdome as being least liable to exception that men should be finally judged by a person taken out from among themselves by one who is no waies like to oppresse them in judgment or not to weigh every mans cause in the balance of equity and in all his penall awards to make all reasonable allowance for temptations natural incapacities inclinations and indispositions for all disadvantages by Education want or weaknesse of means c. having himself been partaker of the same flesh and blood with them who shall be judged by him and experimentally acquainted with the force of temptation though without sin Quest 43 Whether may the time of his coming to the great judgment of the world you speak of be known unto men Or is it revealed in the Scriptures Answ It seems from Mat. 24.36 that the just or precise time of this his coming was not known unto Himself viz. as Man nor yet unto any of the Holy Angels before his death and resurrection but was kept up close as a divine Secret in the brest of God only But it is the judgment of some learned ' men and this very probable that this great Secret was imparted unto him after his Resurrection and Reception into glory by God the Father in that Revelation which he is said to have given unto him to shew unto his Servants c. Revel 1.1 Quest 44. But if the time of Christ's coming to judgment be contained and declared in that Revelation you mention how is it that the Saints themselves are generally so ignorant of it And why are there so many divisions in judgment amongst learned and good men about it Answ There are many things which may be wrought out of the Scriptures and deduced from them by the blessing of God upon a conscientious diligent and dexterous inquiry after them which yet are hid so deep in mysterious and covert expressions that few wil be at the cost and charge of time and study for the steady and full discovery of them which God judgeth competent and meet to reward or bless with such a Treasure And Solomon teacheth us that it is the glory of God to conceal a thing that is that it maketh both for the glory of his wisdome and of the worth also of the thing it self so concealed by him to discover many of his heavenly matters so sparingly and upon such terms that men shal not be able to attain the knowledg of them nor be counted worthy of so great an honour but only upon the ingaging of their hearts and mindes liberally and freely in order to the attaining thereof Prov. 25.2 So that though it be supposed that the just time of Christ's coming to Judgment may be gathered from the Revelation or some other place in the Scriptures yet it is very possible that few or none may come especially with any certainty or satisfaction to discover or find it out Yea and those that doe hit right upon it and find it out may not be able to give a satisfying account unto others of such their apprehension no nor possibly unto themselves Quest 45. But is it any great losse or disadvantage unto a good Christian either in respect of his comfort or his progresse in righteousnesse and holinesse not to know the day or hour of Christ's coming Answ I suppose Not especially if he knows and minds the signes of this day and hour near approaching which are with all plainness and clearnesse made known by God in the gospel Yea unlesse a Christian should be very well principled and raised to a considerable pitch in grace and holinesse the knowledge of this day at any long space of time before the coming of it might through the weakness of the flesh betray him into the hand of much sinful security and many evils Quest 46. What are the more immediate signes foregoing the day and hour of which you speak Answ They are these three possibly with some others First an extraordinary Spirit of security sensualitie and earthly-mindednesse working at an high rate in the generality of men they were eating and drinking marrying and giving in marriage untill the day that Noah entred into the Arke and knew not untill the flood came and took them all away So shall also the coming of the Son of Man be Mat. 24.38 39 See also Luk. 17.25 26 27 28 29 30. Secondly A great despondency and fainting of heart in the generality of the Saints and people of God by reason of that low and most sad condition unto which they shall be brought by their enemies as if there were no ground of hope or expectation of any deliverance Neverthelesse that is though God most certainly will avenge and that speedily his people crying day and night unto him yet when the Son of Man commeth viz. to judge the world and to execute vengeance upon the Enemies of his People and to give deliverance and rest unto these 2 Thessal 1.6 7. shall he find faith on the Earth meaning that even amongst those whom he shall come thus to avenge and deliver he shall find little or no belief or expectation that God will deliver them Luke 18.8 See also Revel 11.7 8 9. Thirdly and lastly a triumphant confidence amongst the enemies of the Saints and Servants of God that their mountain is now made so strong that it shall never be moved and the world is now become theirs and their posterities for an everlasting possession 1 Thes 5.2 3. Rev. 11.10 18.7 Quest 47. But why doth the Scripture so oft speak of a day of Judgment as if the general judgment of the World could be transacted and dispatched within the compasse of 12 or 24 houres Or is not such a thing as this very incredible Answ The Scripture frequently useth the word day in an indefinite sense not alwaies in a strict or proper as either for the whole duration or space of time be it longer or shorter wherein any thing is under transaction or in doing or else for the beginning of such a time So that by a day or the day of Judgment in the Scriptures is meant that whole tract or continuance of time wherein the judgment of the world shall be begun proceeded in and carried on by Christ until it be finished which space of time men of sharpest insight into the Scriptures conclude from them to be a thousand years affirming withall that this day of judgment consisting of a thousand years shall enter and begin with one Resurrection of the Dead viz. of
But when once the person to who many such promise is made shall really and firmly believe his promise it is but natural and as it were matter of course for him to hope for all the good contained in such a promise And if he that shall at first or for a time believe such a promise as we speak of but before the time wherein the promise is to be performed shall upon any suggestion or occurrence cast away or let go such his believing his hope must needs at the same time and by means of the failing of his belief fall to the ground Only this would be here mentioned by way of caution that although a promise of good things be made unto such or such a particular person in common with many others and as well and with equall intention of good unto him in him that maketh this promise as unto any of the rest yet if this person shall either be ignorant that or doubtful whether this promise be made unto him as well as unto others he may believe the said promise with the greatest certainty and stedfastnesse of Faith and yet remain without all hope of the good things contained in this promise Quest 35. You have shewed how and wherein Faith and Hope differ Can you shew likewise how or wherein they agree Answ Their Agreement standeth chiefly in these three things First in the Causes or Means producing them Secondly in the Effects produced by them Thirdly in the Subjects in which they are found Quest 36. What are the Causes or means producing them wherein they agree Answ They are chiefly these three First the word of God or the great and precious promises of the Gospel together with the Arguments and grounds here hinted or delivered why they should be believed Secondly the hearing of this word as it includeth the understanding and consideration of it Thirdly and lastly the gracious operation or interposure of the Holy Ghost opening the hearts of men to attend unto this word when it is preached or otherwise presented or set before them Act. 16 14. It is expresly said Rom. 10.17 that Faith commeth or is by hearing and hearing that hearing by which Faith cometh by the Word of God If Faith cometh by hearing and Hope as hath been shewed proceedeth from Faith then must hope also proceed from or come by the word of God and Hearing as the remote Causes at least or means thereof Quest 37. What are the effects which are common unto Faith and Hope and wherein they agree Answ They are principally four Quest 38. What is the first of them Answ A cleansing and purifying of the heart and consequently of the lives and waies of Men. That Faith or which is the same God by Faith purifieth the heart appears Act. 15.9 And because of this property or effect of it it is elsewhere called Holy yea most Holy Jud. v. 20. See also 1 Pet. 1.22 Again the same or the like property of cleansing or purging is ascribed unto Hope also 1 Joh. 3.3 where it is said And every man that hath this hope in him purgeth himself even as He is pure See 2 Cor. 7.1 Quest 39. What is a second effect wherein they agree Answ The inabling working or disposing of the heart to a patient and humble waiting upon God for such help or supplies from him in every kind whereof men stand in need See and compare Esa 28.16 Rom. 8.25 Psal 119.81 27.13 14. Lamen 3.26 1 Thess 1.3 Quest 40. What way be a third effect wherein Faith and Hope agree Answ They are both Joy-makers in the hearts and souls of men See and compare Rom. 15.13 2 Cor. 1.24 Philip. 1.25 1 Pet. 1.8 1 Thess 2.19 Rom. 5.2 Heb. 3.6 Rom. 12.12 Quest 41. What is the fourth and last property or effect wherein they communicate Answ They each of them never fail to deliver their respective Subjects from disappointment in their greatest expectations and consequently from such shame confusion which are wont to accompany frustratiōs especially in matters of moment great concernment Concerning Faith it is thus conteyned in the Scripture Behold I lay in Sion a chief corner-stone elect preacious He that believeth on him shall not be confounded 1 Pet. 2.6 Concerning Hope it speaketh And hope maketh not ashamed See further and compare Psal 22.4 5. Jer. 17.7.8 Heb. 6.19 Phil. 1.20 Psal 33.20.21 Quest 42. How do they agree in their Subject Answ Hope as hath been said being a kind of naturall result from Faith where this is that must needs be also And the Scripture frequently placeth them in the same person 1 Pet. 1.21 Rom. 4.18 5.2 with some other He that believeth a promise of good things made unto him if he knows or believeth this promise to have been indeed made to him cannot but hope for all the good things conteined in this promise Review the case proposed towards the latter end of the Answer to the 34 Question in this Chapter Quest 43. You have declared many things concerning Faith Can you yet further declare what the first great priviledge or benefit is which floweth from this grace or work of Faith more immediately and upon which many others depend Answ This priviledg is the great and high dignity of Adoption or being made the Sons of God The wisdome goodnesse and love of God to the Children of men have together consulted and decreed this great honour and happinesse unto them that as many of them as shall joyn themselves by an unfeigned Faith unto his Natural and in that respect only Begotten Son Jesus Christ shall partake with him in his glorious relation of Son-ship unto God as farre as their nature and line of creation will admit This the Scripture declareth in several places But as many as received him meaning by Faith as it is explained in the end of the verse to them he gave power or prerogative as the former translation had it or else right priviledg as the margent of the last hath it to become the Sons of God even to them that believe on his name Joh. 1.12 For ye are all the Children of God by Faith in Christ Jesus Gal. 3.26 See also Rom. 8.14 15 16. Gal. 4.4 5 6 7. 1 Ioh. 3.1 2. Quest 44. What is the great benefit of Adoption or of Son-ship unto God Answ By vertue hereof there accrueth unto us a right and title unto that immortal and undefiled inheritance which fadeth not away and which is reserved in the Heavens for those who believe 1 Pet. 1.4 Yea Believers by vertue of their Adoption become joynt-heirs with Christ But ye have received the Spirit of Adoption whereby we cry Abba Father The Spirit it self beareth witnesse with our Spirit that we are the Children of God And if Children then Heires Heires of God and joynt-Heires with Christ Rom. 8.15 16 17. But when the fulnesse of the time was come God sent forth his Son made of a Woman made under the Law to redeem
the number of two which are Baptisme and the Lords Supper Quest 35. What is Baptisme Answ A Sacred Rite of being washed with Water in or rather into or unto 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost Mat. 28.19 Quest 36. What is it to be Baptized or to be washed with Water in or into or unto the Name of the Father Son and Holy Ghost Answ It is by the Authority and Command of these Three Persons in the Divine Essence to be in and by this Rite consigned over delivered up or consecrated unto them or separated unto their Service and withal to be openly declared accordingly Quest 37. Is it not lawful to Baptize or to be Baptized in the name of some one of these persons only as for example in the name of Christ or of the Son especially considering that the Apostle Peter commanded those that did believe upon his preaching and had received the Holy Ghost to be Baptized in the name of the Lord meaning Christ Acts 10.48 as he has also exhorted others of his Converts before Then Peter said unto them Repent and be Baptized every one of you in the Name of Jesus Chtist c. Acts 2.38 See also Acts 19.5 Rom. 6.3 Gal. 3.27 Answ To be Baptized in into or unto Christ is constructively and in effect to be Baptized in or into the Name of the Father the Son and Holy Ghost These three being one as the Apostle John teacheth us 1 John 5.7 and as Irenaeus of old interpreted In Christi nomine subanditur qui unxit ipse qui unctus est ipsa unctio in quà unctus est In the name of Christ is comprehended or understood both he that did anoint meaning the Father and he that was anointed namely the Son and the anointing it self wherewith he was anointed that is the Holy Ghost Nor is it to be thought that either Peter or any other of the Apostles who either themselves Baptized or commanded others to Baptize in the Name of Christ without mentioning the Name either of the Father or of the Holy Ghost in either acted contrary to the rule or charge given unto them by Christ concerning Baptizing but rather that they only abridged or contracted it into a narrower compass without diminishing or omitting any thing of the just import or meaning of it and this by the direction and guidance of the Holy Ghost himself possibly to instruct us that forms of words are not to be rigorously urged where substance of matter is sufficiently expressed Or else it may be said that Christ in the words mentioned Baptizing them in the Name of the Father c. did not intend to prescribe unto them any certain or set form of words to be alwayes used in the act or at the time of Baptizing but rather to instruct them how they should declare the Doctrine of that Baptisme which he commanded them to administer as namely that the precept or injunction of it proceeded joyntly from all the three Persons in the Divine Nature Father Son and Holy Ghost and that with this intent or for this end that they who believe the Gospel should they and their children over whom they have power submit unto it and receive it and by it be and openly declared to be delivered up unto the care and Government of all the Three This or the like Doctrine the Apostles might teach and declare when any person was to be Baptized by them or by their order although in the act of Baptizing there was mention made of the name of one of the Three only Or else 3d. and lastly it may be said that a person may properly enough be said to be Baptized in the Name of the Father Son and Holy Ghost although in terminis or in words he be Baptized in the Name of Jesus Christ only because the Doctrine of Jesus Christ unto which upon the account of his Baptisme in his Name he is to hearken and subject himself plainly asserteth the same Nature Dignity and Authority of the other two with his own And one special reason why Christ doth not prescribe the administration of Baptisme in his own name only although the administration performed in his Name alone be regular enough and Apostolical as was declared in the question may be this that upon so solemn an occasion as the Doctrine of the administration of Baptisme he might not omit to declare himself as zealous a remembrancer and assertor of the Divine Glory of his Father and of his Spirit as of his own Of his care and zeal in this kinde we have many other great testimonies in the Gospel But though Baptisme administered in the name of Jessus Christ alone I mean without mention of the names of the other two in the act it self of administration be as hath been said authentique and valid yet doubtless the custom of those Churches which 〈◊〉 constantly administer it in that very explicitâ—â—â—â—or and form of words dictated by our Saviour to his Apostles wherein all the Three are as we heard distinctly named is more commendable as being both more edifying and safe and is not to be exchanged by any particular man Quest 38. Why is Baptisme called The Baptisme of Repentance Acts 13.24.19.4 Answ Either because by the Law of the Institution of it and according to the Counsel and Intent of God herein they who do submit unto it and are Baptized do hereby solemnly profess themselves penitent or that they unfeignedly repent of all their former sins and more particularly of their unbelief as seems to be intimated Act. 19.4 Mark 1.15 Or else 2dly Because Baptisme is a most solemn and sacred ingagement according to the declared intendment of him that appointed it who had in this respect a right of power to make the terms or conditions of receiving it what and as he pleased upon him that submitteth to it to repent in case he hath not yet repented however upon a profession of Repentance he hath been Baptized or if he hath already truly repented to persevere in a repentant frame of heart and course of life unto the end For Baptisme as it is called the Baptisme of Repentance as you have shewed so is it said to be the Baptisme 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 unto Repentance that is which solemnly ingageth or obligeth the receiver of it unto Repentance For so John Baptist himself declareth the purport and intent of it I indeed Baptize you with water unto Repentance Mat. 3.11 meaning hereby to invite quicken and provoke yea to impose a necessity upon you to repent that is according to the Scripture dialect in which the tree is put for the fruit or the cause for the effect or the inward princiciple for the outward actings agreeable to it c. to bring forth fruits 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 worthy Repentance as he had interpreted himself ver 8. Bring forth THEREFORE that is since you come and desire to
c. Quest 30. In what respect or how did the Ascension of Christ give an opportunity unto the Father and to himself to poure out the Spirit as they did upon it on all flesh and give those great and rare guifts mentioned Answ As Kings and Princes are wont to shew their bounty and magnificence unto their poor Subjects in some signal manner as by scattering Gold and Silver plentifully amongst them at their Coronation and first Solemn entrance into their Kingdomes a time of joy and gladnesse of heart being most natural and proper wherein to exercise acts of Grace and Bounty So God the Father to expresse his great joy and high contentment in the advancement of his Son to that Royal Dignity wherein he was now invested and the Son also to express the fulness of his joy in that glory which his Father had now conferred upon him agreed in one to declare the riches of their munificent bounty unto the world by a liberal donation of that Heavenly Treasure the Holy Ghost the joynt possession of them both and by a collation of such gifts unto men which were sufficient to enrich the world for ever and to raise up the Tabernacle of Adam which was fallen and sunk as low as Hell Quest 31. What is the Glorification of Christ Answ That act of God the Father whereby he hath given unto him all power in Heaven and on Earth Matth. 28.18 and hath set him at his own Right Hand in heavenly places far above all Principality and Power and Might and Dominion and every name that is named not only in this world but also in that which is to come And hath put all things under his feet and given him to be the Head over all things unto the Church Ephes 1.20 21 22 That at the Name of Jesus every knee should bow of things in Heaven and things on Earth and things under the Earth c. Phil. 2.10 11. Quest 32. What doth this glorifying of Christ by God the Father import or signifie unto the world Answ First It is an higher ground or larger foundation whereon to build our Faith and Hope in God then his Resurrection because it more fully argueth and confirmeth that he was very highly satisfied and pleased with his Death for the Sin and Salvation of Men inasmuch as it was upon and for this service performed that he so highly dignified and exalted him Phil. 2.8 9 10. compared Who by him do believe in God who raised him from the dead and gave him glory that your Faith and Hope might be in God 1 Pet. 1.21 See also Rom. 8.34 Ephes 1.20 Secondly It much enliveneth and strengthneth our comfort about the effectualness and success of his Intercession for us The more he is honoured and advanced by God the higher he must needs be conceived to be in grace and favour with him and according unto these his prevalency with him in all his motions and applications unto him must in reason be estimated and believed Thirdly The excellency of the glory unto which Christ is advanced by God renders the Gospel so much the more authoritative and awful in and over the hearts and consciences of men and makes the neglect of it and every sin committed against it the more detestable and threatning For what can reasonably be judged a greater abomination and more provoking in the sight of God then for that silly creature called Man to despise or neglect him whom he in the presence of Heaven and Earth hath judged worthy of that unconceiveable weight of Glory which he hath laid upon him Fourthly and lastly It highly commends his service to the Judgements and Souls of Men making it the most rational and connatural ingagement unto the Intellectual Creature of all others Many saith Solomon seek the face or favour of the Ruler Prov. 29.26 which sheweth it to be very agreeable to the nature of flesh and bloud so to do And the greater in place and power any Ruler is the hearts of men are so much the more inclinable and easily drawn to seek his favour especially when they have any promising Dore of Hope open before them that by seeking they may obtain it Therefore the supertranscendent greatness of the Glory and Power wherin Christ reigneth is of excellent consequence and import to draw all men unto him Joh. 12.32 to perswade the world to seek his favour and to work their hearts to so much the more readiness and willingness to accept of his most gracious offer to entertain them in his service if they desire it Quest 33. You lately made mention of the Intercession of Christ What is this Intercession of his or How may we conceive of it Answ The Intercession of Christ doth not signifie or import any Deprecation or Supplication made by him unto God for mercy grace or favour to be shewed unto men for such a thing might seem to argue the insufficiency of the Sacrifice of Himself offered by him but it implyeth that his perpetual presence in all blessedness and glory with God doth continually and without ceasing as it were argue and plead the efficacy and vigour of that his Sacrifice with him as being fully sufficient or meritorious for the obtaining of him all those great favours and blessings for men for the procurement of which it was offered by him The only shewing or presenting of Himself before God in that great Glory which himself hath conferred upon him and upon the account of that his Sacrifice is an argument or proof attested by God himself and subscribed as it were with his own hand that the Sacrifice which he offered is worthy to be honoured by him with shewing all that grace and favour unto men for the obtaining of which it was offered According to this notion the Intercession of Christ we speak of is described to be His appearance in the presence of God for us Heb. 9.24 And his being at the right hand of God that is his great Dignity and Glory given unto him by God is mentioned as precedaneous to his Intercession and making way for or giving efficacy unto it Rom. 8.34 See also Heb. 7.25 Heb. 9.24 Quest 34. For whom doth Christ Intercede for the Saints or Believers only or for some other with these or for all men Answ The Intercession of Christ answereth his Death and is commensurable unto it in the ends and purposes of it as appears in part from what was even now said concerning it Therefore as Christ according to what was formerly in this Chapter shewed from the Scriptures died for all men so there is little question but that he intercedes for all men likewise But as he dyed not to obtain or procure the same things or favours for all men considered as now differenced or distinguished some from others by Faith and Unbelief by Repentance and Impenitency c. So neither doth he intercede for all men thus considered upon the same terms my meaning is That he doth not
intercede with God to obtain the same respects benefits or favours from him for Believers and for Unbelievers for Apostates and for persevering Saints for those who are grown old and obdurate in sin and wickedness and for those in whom the weakness of Nature hath newly put forth in actual miscarriages of sin and disobedience c. Quest 35. With what difference then doth he Intercede for both sorts of Men for those that are good and for those that are evil for those that believe and for those that continue in unbelief Answ Look what mercies favours and good things the one sort of these men receive from God and what the other receive likewise and by this it may be known with what difference Christ Intercedes for the one and for the other For certain it is that what grace mercy favour or good soever is shewed by God unto the world I mean unto persons of all characters whether of righteousness or of sin respectively is the genuine fruit of the Intercession of Christ For it is for his sake and by means of his mediation that the iniquity of the world is not every moment the ruine of it So that as Christ intercedes on the behalf of his Saints that their infirmities and weaknesses may make no breach between his Father and them that God will inable them by his Spirit to continue in Faith and Love unto the end that he will afford them sufficient means for their spiritual Edification that he will supply them with all things needful for this present life c. So on the behalf of other men yet sinful and unconverted he Intercedes that a larger space of Repentance may be granted unto them that God will give them sufficient means for their Conversion and making themselves new hearts Ezek. 18.31 that of some of them God will fill their hearts with food and gladness that hereby they may be provoked to love him and believe on him for greater things that unto others of them he will administer seasonable corrections by which they may be admonished to look up unto him and seek after him c. as in his Wisdom Righteousness and Goodness in the Government of the World he shall judge best and most for his glory and that obstinate and careless sinners may be left without excuse in the day of Judgement Quest 36. How know you or how can you prove that there will be a day of Judgement Answ The Scriptures speak nothing more plainly more convincingly more frequently then this Witness these and several other like places Joh. 5.28 29 Act. 17.31 Rom. 2.5 6 7 c. Rom. 14 10. 2 Cor. 5.10 Matth. 16.27 Matth. 25.31 32 c. 1 Pet. 4.5 2 Pet. 3.7 Jude v. 14 15. Rev. 20.11 12 13 c. Quest 37. But is not every man judged at or immediately after the time of his death If so What occasion or need is there of a General Judgement afterwards Answ The Scripture no where teacheth that either good men receive the Sentence of Absolution from God or from Christ or evil men the Sentence of Condemnation at or immediately upon their death but the contrary rather as viz. that the judgement both of the one and of the other is respited or suspended until the great day of the General Judgement Concerning the bodies of either evident it is that the same execution is done upon them at the time of their respective deaths they both return alike unto the Earth Eccles 12.7 Therefore neither is the Sentence of Absolution then passed upon the one nor the Sentence of Condemnation upon the other The Sentence which is then executed both upon the one and the other is only that which was long since threatned against and so conditionally passed upon all flesh in case of sin viz. In the day thou eatest thereof thou shalt die the death Gen. 2.7 The execution of which Sentence or Threatning after sin commited is positively and without condition threatned and the Sentence it self interpreted in these words Dust thou art and unto it thou shalt return Gen 3.19 However there may be several weighty reasons given why God should appoint a day or a time for the General Judgement of the World more especially three Quest 38. What is the first of these Reasons Answ That his knowledge wisdome righteousnesse equity and impartiality in judging the waies and doings of his Creatures and in awarding and assigning them rewards and punishments accordingly might be the more conspicuous and gloriously manifested to the whole Creation Rom. 2.5 6. Quest 39. What is your second Reason Answ That as in Christ's humiliation that is by occasion of that poor and low condition wherein he lived in the world especially by means of his ignominious death his judgment was taken away that is the honour due unto his infinite worth and dignity was denied unto him Act. 8 33. So in the great day of his appearance to judge the world it might be restored again unto him wherein he shall appear like unto himself and be acknowledged and owned by the whole Creation accordingly In this respect the day of the general judgment is termed the day of Christ and the day of the Lord meaning Christ that is a day as it were calculated contrived and appointed by God for the honour or interest of Christ As a day or time which is benedict commodious or pleasing unto any person or persons is said to be their day hour or time to whose benefit it thus relateth Luk. 19.42 Luk. 22.35 1 Cor. 4.3 See Phil. 1.6 10. Phil. 2 16. 2 Thess 2.2 1 Cor. 5.5.2 Cor. 1.14 1 Thess 5.2 to omit several others Quest 40. What is your Third and last Reason Answ God by his appointment of a day for the generall judgment of the World wherein the secrets of the hearts of all men both good and evill together with their words actions and doings shall be brought to light and sentenced respectively without all partiality according to the most absolute rules of righteousnesse and equity in the presence and audience both of Heaven and Earth and of the whole Creation of God hath furnished himself with a most potent Argument as well for the promoting of godlinesse as for the restraining of sin and wickednesse in the mean time amongst men And we find him often making use of this Argument accordingly See Mat. 16.26 27. Act. 17.31 Compared with verse 30. Rom. 2.5 6. c. 2 Cor. 5.9 10 11. 2 Thes 1.7 8 9. c. Quest 41. By whom shall this great and general judgment of the world be administred Answ By the Lord Jesus Christ This is evident from many Scriptures Mat. 16.27 Mat. 25.31 c. Joh. 5.27 28 c. Act. 17.31 2 Cor. 5 9 c Quest 42. Why shall Christ be the judge or why is he appointed by God to execute the great and generall judgment of the World Answ Because of his subsisting in the humane nature or of his being Man as well
those that were under the Law that we might receive the adoption of Sons And because ye are Sons God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son into your hearts Crying Abba Father Wherefore thou art no more a Servant but a Son and if a Son then an Heir of God through Christ Gal. 4.4 5 6 7 Concerning the Sons of men and earthly inheritances it is no good consequence to argue If a Son then an Heir but speaking of the Sons of God and the inheritance promised uuto them the Argument is rational and valid The reason of the difference lieth chiefly in rhe different natures or conditions of that inheritance which God intendeth to conferre upon his Sons and those earthly inheritances which men have to bestow upon theirs An earthly inheritance hath that imperfection in it that it cannot be at once enjoyed whole and entire by many nor yet given unto or setled upon a plurality of Children but that every one will have the lesse because there are more to share with him Were it otherwise and so that an earthly estate or inheritance could be given unto many upon such termes that the whole might be possessed and enjoyed by every one of them respectively ordinarily and in most cases at least the consequence would be good even amongst the Children of men If a Son then an Heir For there is scarce any Father but would give his whole Estate unto all his Children respectively had he never so many if it could be given by him and enjoyed by them upon such termes Now that heavenly Inheritance which is reserved by God for his Children is so happily conditioned that the Collation of it upon never so many and the Enjoyment of it likewise by never so many and this together and at the same time prejudiceth none in the least of those to whom it is given or by whom it is enjoyed but every one of them respectively and apart enjoieth it as fully as intirely at as great a rate and height of contentment joy and glory as if he were the sole possessour and enjoyer or proprietour of it And for this reason I suppose it may be called by the Apostle the inheritance of the Saints in Light Coloss 1.12 Namely because as no man sustain's the least loss or inconvenience in his injoyment of the Light by the vast multitude of persons in the world that share with him therein so neither is the joy or glory of the inheritance of the Saints in any degree the less unto any one amongst them because the number is so great that are partakers with him therein CHAP. VI. Of Sanctification Regeneration Mortification and Self-denial Quest 1. OF what consideration are these in the practice or Profession of Christian Religion and how come they to have place here Answ They may be considered either in their several and respective natures or in their introductions or first raisings in the hearts and souls of men or else in their exercises and actings In respect of their natures God judged it reasonable and meet to require them in both the other considerations of men as simply necessary to render them capable of Salvation Quest 2. VVhat is the nature common unto all the four that because of this it should seem equitable good in the sight of God to impose upon men and women both the planting of them in their hearts and the practise of them in their lives and both upon the highest termes that may be I mean as such conditions without the performance of which there is no Salvation to be expected from him Answ They are respectively a kind of Holy impression qualification habitude or disposition which excellently well become and adorn the Sons and Daughters of men rendring them lovely both in the eyes of their heavenly Father Angells and Men as on the contrary under the neglect or want of them their conversations behaviours and doings in the world must needs be unworthy the Gospel and such which become not the Sons or Daughters of God Quest 3. But are men and women able to raise such great works as these in themselves or in their inward parts Or lyeth it within the reach of their abilities or power either to sanctifie or regenerate themselves or to mortifie the deeds of the body or to create that High and Heavenly principle of Self-denial in their hearts or souls Answ They are not able to do any of these things by any abilities or power that are properly and originally their own I mean which remained and were left unto them of the stock and store of their first Creation after their Fall in Adam and of which they did not sinfully devest and deprive themselves as being in his loines when he sinned but by that re-investiture with grace and strength and those new supplies of the presence and help of the Spirit of God for all spiritual and saving purposes which accrue unto them of the free and unspeakable gift of God in their Restauration by Iesus Christ they are inabled to do all those things with many others like unto them Quest 4. But how can you prove that men and women generally do receive from Christ or from God upon the account of Christ a sufficiency of power to raise or work in themselves the works mentioned or the like For there are many that judg otherwise Answ The truth of that Tenent may be sufficiently cleared both by the light of the Scriptures and of reason A ready account likewise might be given if it were needful or here cohvenient how the judgments of many came to be turned into the way of the contrary opinion Quest 5. How can you prove from the Scriptures the truth of what you now affirm Or by what places or passages here can you make it appear to conviction that men or the generality of men are inabled by him or by the means by him vouchsafed unto them to sanctifie or regenerate themselves or to do any other thing that accompanieth Salvation For there seems to be the same consideration of all things of this kind Answ The Testimonies and Texts of Scripture which make for the proof you demand are not a few Only for brevity sake and inasmuch as the Scripture it self saith that in the mouth of two or three witnesses every word shall be established 2 Cor. 13.1 I shall not exceed this number Quest 6. What then are the places on which you build your belief of what you now undertake to prove Answ They are these three Ier. 4.3 4. unto which Deut. 10.16 is parallel Ezekiel 18.30 31 32. with which may be compared Ezek. 33.11 Esa 1.16 17. with others The third and last is Mar. 6 6. of like notion whereunto are these places Ioh. 12.37 Mat. 11.20 21 23. 2 Cor. 4.3 4. with some others Quest 7. What are the words of the first of these places and how do you argue from them Answ The words are these For thus saith the Lord to the men
procuring of some positive good things one or more for them Rom. 8.26.34 Heb. 7.25 1 Tim. 4 5. The verb from which the word is derived sometimes signifieth to pray not for but against others Act. 25.24 Rom. 11.2 Lastly giving of Thanks is a chearful submissive and ingaging Acknowledgment made and tendered unto God for any good that hath been done by him whether immediately by himself or mediately by instruments either unto our selv s or unto others This kind of Prayer ought still to be joyned with the former Phil. 4 6. Col. 4.2 Quest 7. Whether is it lawful to pray to Angells or to Saints or unto any other whether person or thing but God only Answ The Scripture alloweth no Prayer to be made either to Angel or to Saint but unto God only It is here plainly affirmed that God heareth Prayer Psa 65.2 And there are instances and proofs without number scattered up and down the Scriptures evincing this to be true but there is not the least overture or whisper that either Angel or Saint whilest remaining in Heaven hear any Prayer made unto them on the earth If they did why should not all flesh come unto them as the Scripture affirmeth it shal or will come unto God upon the account of so-strongly-attracting a propertie O thou that hearest Prayer unto thee shall all flesh come Psa 65.12 And elsewhere David saith That every one that is Godly shall make his Prayer unto him Psa 12.6 So that there are none but ungodly ones left to pray unto Saints or Angels Nor did Christ when upon request he taught his Disciples and in them all men to pray send them either to Saint or to Angel but unto God only After this manner therefore pray ye Our Father which art in Heaven c. Mat. 6. Luk. 11. Quest 8. Whether is it the will of God that persons as yet unregenerate and unbelieving and whilest such should pray unto him Answ Yes doubtless for being willing that they should Repent 2 Pet. 3.9 Mat. 3.2 and Believe Mar. 1.15 and make themselves new hearts and new spirits and so become regenerate Ezek. 18.31 why should he be thought unwilling that they should pray unto him for his gracious assistance whereby to be inabled to perform these great works especially considering that he hath encouraged even such persons to pray unto him for the gift of his Spirit with a promise and this most emphatically proposed and with greatest advantage to procure belief that upon their Prayer he shall be given unto them If ye then be evil know how to give good gifts to your Children how much more shall your heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to them that ask him Luk. 11.13 See also Joh. 4.10 Quest 9. But how then doth the Scripture say that without Faith it is unpossible to please God Heb. 11.6 And in another place For whatsoever is not of Faith is Sin Rom. 14.23 Can a person by a Prayer which is a sin or wherein he pleaseth not God obtain so inestimable a benefit and blessing of him as the guift of his Holy Spirit Answ The meaning of the latter saying is only this that whatsoever a man doth being unperswaded or unsatisfied in his conscience of the lawfulnesse of it he sinneth in doing it although that which he doth in such a case be in it self never so lawful good And accordingly if he that asketh the Holy Spirit of God should doubt in his conscience whether it were lawful for him to ask this Spirit of him he should indeed sin and not please God in asking it nor yet doubtlesse obtain it by asking For the former place where it is said that without Faith it is impossible to please God it speaketh not of a Gospel Faith by which a person is savingly justified but of such a Faith for belief concerning God which may be acquired by the light of nature and hath been found in many of no higher an inspiration as namely a belief of the Being of God and of his goodnesse towards those who are studious and careful to please him and approve themselves unto him as it is explained in the latter part of the same verse For he that cometh to God must believe that he is and that he is a rewarder of those who diligently seek him meaning that without a belief of these two things no man can or will compose and settle his heart to live in obedience unto God or to depend upon him But both these perswasions concerning God may as hath been said be found in persons who as yet do not believe unto Salvation though by means of them they be in a ready way hereunto Quest 10. But is it not as unpleasing unto God that a wicked man should take his Name into his mouth which he must doe if he pray unto him as that he should take his Covenant or Statutes into his mouth Or is it not evident from Psal 50.16 That he is not willing that a wicked man should do this the words being these But unto the wicked God saith what hast thou to do to declare my statures or that thou shouldest take my Covenant in thy mouth Answ The Scripture neither in this place nor in any other by a wicked man meaneth a simple or meer Unbeliever or a person chargeable with no other crime but only that he is not in a state of Grace or of Salvation but such a person only who hath some way or other debauched his Conscience as either with profanenesse neglect or contempt of God Idolatry Pride grosse Hypocrisie Covetousnesse Oppression Deceit Cruelty customary Swearing or Lying Perjury Malice Uncleannesse Drunkennesse or the like but for the most part the Scripture by a wicked person understandeth such who have been openly Scandalous and branded with common Infamy for some vicious practise or other in their Conversation and remains still impenitent and unreformed And the truth is that it is not the will of God or pleasing to him that such as these whilest such should either take his name into their mouths in Prayer or his Covenant in discourse in Preaching But if there be so much as a first fruits of any inward relentings in conscience for the evill of their wayes or any secret desires of amendment this putteth them into a capacity of praying unto God at least in private for his help to perfect the work of their Repentance and this with acceptation at least to a degree whereas outward Reformation and this practised for some time is required in such men to make them regularly and with acceptance capable of taking Gods Covenant into their mouth and declaring his Statutes Quest 11. But can any Prayer be made unto God with acceptation which is not presented unto him in the Name of Jesus Christ and with Faith in this Name Answ If he that prayeth unto God hath that worthy and honourable apprehension or opinion of him that he is a rewarder of those who diligently seek
of God is Hallowed there is no place for these abhominations Besides th generation of the righteous will be propagated our friends spiritual allies and heavcenly confederates vvill be increased our enemies will be at peace with us and they who formerly destroyed us will be zealously addicted to build us up Quest 51. What is the meaning of the second Petition And what are some of the principal things desired therein Answ By the Kingdome of God here is meant in a more special and particular manner that happy state and condition which the world shall be translated into when the Kingdoms of this world are become the Kingdomes of our Lord and of his Christ Rev. 11.15 Compared with Chap. 12.10 For now God shall Raign gloriously in his Saints and Holy people his and their Enemies being universally subdued and put under their feet Righteousnesse and true holinesse shall lift up their heads on high without any check or controul or fear of either from the powers or greatnesse of the world for these will be nursing Fathers and Soveraign benefactors unto them But in a more general sense by the Kingdome of God may well be meant all those providential dispensations of his which according to his counsell and those principles of equity which rule in all his dealings with the world are proper to promote and make way for the coming of that Kingdome into the world and likewise all such which may in the interim be as a tast or first fruits of that Kingdome unto the world as the numerous increase of Righteous and Holy men the giving them credit and countenance from Heaven by blessing and prospering them and making their Faces to shine by causing the fear of them to fall upon the men of this world and for the effecting and bringing to passe of these things the pouring out of his Spirit in ministerial gifts and endowments upon men and the giving them hearts to serve him in this great work the keeping out of unlearned unfaithful unholy men from this imployment the advancement of godly wise and worthy men unto places of power and authority with the like These are the principal things comprehended in this second Petition Thy Kingdome come and to be minded by us when we present it unto God Quest 52. What is the meaning of the third Petition and what the things we should chiefly mind in preferring it unto God Answ When Christ teacheh us to pray thus unto God Thy will be done on Earth as it is in Heaven his meaning is that we should desire of him that he will vouchsafe such a measure of Grace and of his good Spirit unto all men and unto our selves especially whereby we may on all hands and in every place be inclined and made willing to follow the example of his Holy Angels in our readinesse zeal diligence faithfulnesse constancie and perseverance to do all his will and pleasure made known unto us in his exhortations precepts and commandements or by any other means whatever and consequently that he will perswade and strive with us effectually to deny our selves and to sacrifice our own wills and desires upon the obedience and service of his to waive and let fall all our own ends and designs when they are not clearly consistent with his to be willing to take up our crosse daily and to follow Christ as wel in the way of his afflictions and sufferings as of his innocency and holinesse Quest 53. What is the meaning of the fourth Petition and what do we more particularly desire of God in this Answ We desire of God all things meet and needful for our being and well being in this present life and consequently that he will in cline our hearts to exercise and imploy our selves in some honest and lawful calling making us diligent industrious and faithful in it and then blesse our labours and endeavours with success keeping us by his good providence out of the hand of extortioners oppressors and deceitful men from casualties and losses by thieves Pirats fire warrs tempests and the like that he will so interpose by his Word and Sprit in our hearts and conciences that we may keep our selves free from all superfluous impertinent and needlesse cares from all distracting turmoiling and wasting of our thoughts from lingering and hankering after the delicate and great things of the world as riches honors pleasures great places c. inasmuch as the letting out of the heart in desires after these things is contrary to our well-being and regular injoyment of our selves in this world Quest 54. But is it proper or necessary for rich men who have goods and in these bread laid up for many years to use this Petition or to pray unto God Give us this day our daily Bread Answ The story and case of Job not to mention others of like Argument sheweth that there lyeth an equal necessity upon rich men to pray unto God for the preservation and safe-guarding of their great estates yea even to such a proportion of them which amounteth only to their Daily bread with that which lyeth upon poor and mean men to pray for a supply of things necessary or for their Daily bread Besides if they take their Daily bread without asking it of God by Prayer it cannot prove better then un-hallowed or polluted bread unto them strengthening and disposing them to evill waies and works Nor can they expect the best part of Gods blessing upon it as viz. that it should quicken nourish and strengthen their heart to the love and service of God For every Creature of God saith the Apostle is sanctified by the word of God and Prayer 1 Tim. 4 5. He doth not say it is made lawfull by Prayer but it is sanctified that is is made nourishing to the Soul in the spiritual life thereof as it is of course or in the nature of it unto the body in the life natural Quest 55. Whether is it not lawful to pray unto God for Riches or for a plentiful estate as well as for our Daily bread Answ I do not find that Christ any where disliked or rejected men for being Rich Nay it is said that he loved a young man that had great possessions Mar. 10.21 22. and honoured Zacheus who also was rich with inviting himself to his house Yet I find that sometimes he pittieth this Generation of men as being in a most sad and dangerous condition and not in any possibility of Salvation but only by some great and more then ordinary interposure of God Mat. 19.23 24.26 Mar. 10.23 25 26 27. Elsewhere I find him by his Apostle dealing very roundly with them prescribing unto them several receipts very uncouth and unpleasing unto the generality of them as not be high minded not to trust in uncertain Riches but in God to do good to be rich in good works to be ready to distribute willing to communicate c. and all these things as necessary to be done by them that they
seventh day ordinarily lest men should be straightned for time in their ordinary businesses and imployments and considering withall that the day of his rest from the works of Creation had now lived in honor through many Generations yea for some thousands of years his pleasure was not to consecrate another or a new day but to take off the burthen of this honour from the shoulder of that day and to lay it upon the day of his Sons Resurrection Thirdly The Jews did nothing no not in the least circumstance of time or otherwise about the crucifying of Christ but what the hand and counsel of God had determined before to be done that is to permit to be done Act. 4.28 Now then if the Counsell and purpose of God had been to continue or establish the Jewish Sabbath under the Gospel and to make that Christian would he not have so interposed by his providence about the time of Christs death that the third day the day of his riseing from the dead should have been that day I mean the last not the first day of the week For had it been ordered thus there had been no place left for any scruple or question about the alteration or continuance of the day And I make little question but that as it was providentially ordered by God that he should remain in the hands of death so long as and no longer then now he did that so the Scriptures might be fulfilled in his rising again the third day 1 Cor. 15 4. So likewise the time or day of his dying was by the same hand so disposed that the third day after the day of his rising again might be the eighth day from the Creation that is the first day of the week that the Scriptures herein also might be fulfilled which as we lately shewed did foretell though somewhat darkly his rising again on this day Fourthly From sundry passages of Scripture we learn that it hath been a thing frequent with God and practised by him from the beginning to consult and provide for the remembrance and honour of his great and most considerable actions whether performed immediately by himself and with the unbareing of his own arm or mediately by men through his special interposure and strength partly by setting himself some Character of solemnity upon the time or day of their respective atchievements partly by teaching and prompting men by his Spirit to do it Peruse at leisure and consider upon this account these Scriptures Gen 2 3. with Exod. 20.11 Exod. 12.42 Exod 13.3 4 6.10 Esther 9.20.21 22. Joh. 10.22 Now it is true that for the remembrance with honour of his other great works he judged an Anniversary that is one yearly solemnity sufficient for the reason I suppose lately mentioned namely because he would not by too frequent avocations to religious services make any wider breach upon mens time for their secular imployments then was needful Only for that most signal and glorious work of the Creation he judged a weekly solemnity but convenient and meet Now then it is in no degree probable that God should bring forth the first-born of his works a work so super-transcendently glorious and wonderful as the raising of Christ from the dead and leave it unto the world without the special and appropriate solemnity of a day for the remembrance of it an honour which as we have heard he hath not judged meet to deny unto other of his works of a farre inferiour consideration unto this But certain it is that there is no day at least no weekly day and an anniversary is much beneath it characterized with any blessing from God for the remembrance of this work of his though it hath the preheminence amongst and above all its fellows unlesse it be concluded that He or men authorized by him in that behalf have taken the Crown of Blessing which was first set upon the head of a former Sabbath and hath herewith Honored and Crowned the day of this great and blessed Work And Fifthly and lastly that this hath been done both by Christ himself upon and after his resurrection and by his Apostles who by their example have more then invited even conscientiously engaged the whole Christian world after them to the observation of this day is sufficiently manifest by the light of sundry passages in the Gospel First The Lord Christ himself began to celebrate and solemnize the day we speak of on the individual day of his Resurrection by an holy and Heavenly conference with some of his Disciples upon the way and by administring the Sacrament afterwards as is exceeding probable and was the sense of some of the Fathers and is argued and concluded by many Arguments by some though denied by others from these words Luk. 24.30 And it came to passe as he sate at meat with them he took bread and blessed it and brake and gave to them And it is very considerable to the case in hand that the Evangelist being to relate those Sabbath-like works of Christ mentioned in the entrance of his Relation ver 13. gives special notice of the day wherein they were wrought by him And behold two of them went THE SAME DAY c. namely that very first day of the Week on which Christ arose from the dead as appears ver 1. with the context along to the 13th ver Now there can I suppose no reason of moment be given why the Holy Ghost should give such particular knowledge of the day on which the two Disciples travailed to Emmaus but only to signifie that Christ on this day began to sanctifie the day of his Resurrection by his example in religious exercises and to lead the way to all that should believe in him to do likewise Again Secondly The Evangelist John gives notice of another appearance of Christ unto his Apostles assembled together on the same day towards the evening and of sundry gracious applications of himself unto them Joh. 20.19 20. c. who likewise gives double notice as it were of the day wherein these things were done Then the same day at evening that is in the latter part of the day natural which the Jews midday being past were wont to call Evening being the first day of the week when the doors were shut where the Disciples were assembled c. ver 19. Having sufficiently notified the day of this appearance of Christ in these words Then the same day why he should add being the first day of the week hardly any other reason can be given but only to commend in special manner unto Christians the remembrance of this day the first day of the week as having now somewhat more then ordinary put upon it So Thirdly The same Evangelist in the same Chapter ver 26. gives knowledg of another appearance of Christ unto his Disciples assembled when Thomas with them who was absent at the former But withall is careful to inform us that this appearance also was made by Christ on the
judgements the sins of the Fathers upon themselves as well as upon their Children being wicked also the current of the Scriptures will ill bear such a sense as this but only declareth that when and though he doth suffer wicked Parents to go unpunished yet their Children if they follow them in their wickednesse shall be sure to hear from him in wrath and judgment and that because they are the Children of such Parents as well as because they are wicked themselves Hence it is that when God threatneth the Jews with any severity of judgment for their wickednesse we so frequently meet with the mention of the Fathers iniquity though now dead as well as the Childrens who are the persons threatened in this or the like form of words you and your Fathers Jer. 44.21 So Ezekiel was charged to remind the people that they and their Fathers had transgressed or rebelled against him when he was sent by God to denounce judgments against them Ezek. 3,2 And so holy men very frequently in their confessions knowing it to be their duty to justifie God in his judgments whether already inflicted or only denounced in the clearest and fullest manner they could upon this account confesse and acknowledge as well the sins of their Fathers as their own For our sins saith Daniel and for the iniquities of our FATHERS Jerusalem and thy people are become a reproach to all that are about us Dan. 9.16 See further and compare Lam. 5.7 Jer. 14.20 Jer. 3.25 Neh. 1.6 Neh. 9.2.16.34 Psal 78.57.58 The Godly King Josiah in his confessorie Message to the Prophetesse Huldah mentioneth the sin of their Fathers only as the cause or means of kindling the vvrath of God against him and his people 2 King 22.13 2 Chro. 34.21 Yea and God himself in pleading the equity of his proceeding in judgment against men is wont to alledge and insist upon the iniquities of the Fathers as well as of the Children threatned or punished by him Then shalt thou say unto them Because your FATHERS have forsaken me c. Jer. 16.11 12. Your iniquities and the iniquities of your FATHERS together c. Esa 65.7 Sec also Levit. 26.39 40. Quest 52. May there any reason be conceived why God should ordinarily or at least very frequently visit the sins of the Fathers upon the Children in such a sense and upon such tearms as you have now declared rather then upon themselves Answ There may more reasons then one be well apprehended of this dispensation of God But I shall insist only upon one which I conceive to be one of the most considerable This is that when he doth use severity in judging and punishing his Creature it may appear that his Creature is not simply or barely obnoxious unto punishment that is not only so farr sinful or delinquent to such a degree that he may justly punish him but that he is in the Apostles expression Rom. 92.2 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is fully or perfectly and every waies prepared or fitted and as it were accomplished for destruction and so for that punishment whatever it be that shall be inflicted on him Neither doth God judge it sufficient for the glory of his Righteousnesse or Justice in his penall Administrations that he may be justified in them as viz. by some exquisite or profound Argument or Plea made on his behalf but that he may be clear when he judgeth that is that the equitie and reasonablenesse of his judgments may appear out of hand and by their own light and as the Sun appeareth unto the World Psal 51.4 Compared with Rom. 3,4 The Scripture in several places and in several veins of notion presenteth God under this Character viz. as listlesse and indisposed and as it were without heart to punish in any degree of severity untill the wickednesse of men be grown to some considerable maturity and height As First Where he compares the degree or proportion of sin wherher in a person or people before which he usually forbeareth to destroy or inflict any severe punishment upon them unto a measure which must be full before he can lift up his hand against them in such away Thus the reason which he gives unto Abraham his Friend why he would not presently settle him or his posterity in the possession of the Land of Canaan was because the sin of the Amorites who were the present inhabitants of this Land with some other Nations was not yet FVLL Gen. 15.16 See also Mat. 23.32 Ezek. 7.23 Dan. 8.23 Nah. 3.1 2 3. c. Secondly Where he signifieth or implyeth that he must find men unexcusable in the way of their sinning before he enters into any district judgment with them See Rom. 1.20 2 1 2. c. Now many gracious vouchsafements from God unto sinful men are requisite to render them inexcusable amongst vvhich the riches of his 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is of his goodnesse forbearance and long-suffering Rom. 3 4 seem to be chief according to that Rom. 9.22 What if God willing to shew his wrath and to make his power known endured with much long-suffering the vessels of wrath fitted for Destruction That is either untill they be fitted or to be sitted or as the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 properly signifieth compleatly fitted for destruction These two things are here plainly implyed First That without much long-suffering by God sinners are not compleatly fitted for destruction at least not for such a destruction wherein God may make his wrath and power known Secondly That God is not willing that is free or inclined to make his wrath and power known in the destruction of sinners untill they be fully and compleatly prepared for destruction that is untill they have sinned with such an high hand or upon such tearms that nothing can with reason or colour of equity be pleaded why they should not be destroyed Thirdly and lastly That Character of disposition of God we speak of is held forth where he designes the stopping of mens mouths in order to the making of them subject to his judgment That every mouth may be stopped and so all the World become 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 subject in judgment unto God or subject to the judgment of God as if men were not liable or subject to the judgment of God meaning with that full and through subjection wherein he must find them before he proceeds in judgment against them untill their consciences shall silence their tongues from all pleading for them Rom. 3.19 This is of some affinity with the former See Mat. 22.12 13. So then this may well be a reason why God many times deferreth the visitation or severe punishment of the sins of Fathers untill he finds the Children to the third and fourth Generation walking in the same or like way of iniquity with them The patience of God shewed unto wicked Parents rendreth their Children if they prove wicked also much more obnoxious unto the judgment of God Quest 53.
property of its relation unto him and causeth him to look upon it as none of his according to these declarations of his minde in this behalf Ye shall not adde unto the word that I command you neither shall ye diminish ought from it that you may keep the commandment of the Lord your God which I command you clearly implying that they which either adde any thing unto or diminish ought from any command or ordinance of his alter the property of it and make it no longer his but their own Deut. 4.2 So again What thing soever I command you observe to do it thou shalt not adde thereto nor diminish from it meaning that if they should either adde to it or diminish from it they should not observe or do the thing which he commandeth Deut. 12.32 Now then it is no wayes like that God should bless strange Ordinances or such which he cannot own or acknowledge for his with the same or the like blessing wherewith he honoreth his own and thereby sealeth and confirmeth them for his own It is much more like that he should curse then bless such ordinances of men which obtrude themselves in the name and place of his and consequently that they should edifie men rather to destruction then salvation Quest 32. What may be the reason why many yea the greatest part of those whom we cannot reasonably but judge do reap benefit by Sacramental administrations are yet little sensible of any benefit received by them in this kinde Answ Two reasons hereof were insinuated about the beginning of the Answer to the next preceding question One was because the proper and chief benefit of our conversing with God and Jesus Christ in the Sacraments is spiritual and inward growth or the nourishing or battleing of the new man or hidden man of the heart as the Scripture speaketh Now growth generally or rather growing that is the motion or progress in growth is like the moving of the shadow which the style or cock projecteth upon a Sun-Dial the motion whereof by reason of the leasurableness or flowness of it is imperceptible only after some competent advancement and progress of it it may be perceived that it hath moved Such is the nature and property of augmentation from an inward principle which we call growth it is discernable not as in making but as having been made And as we are little sensible that our young children being daily present with us increase in stature till after some considerable time or by making tryal by some mark or measure so is the spiritual growth of the inner man the less discernable because we are ever and anon looking upon it and this with a cursory and little observant eye few being able to make an exact or satisfactory experiment in the case and fewer willing to bestow so much time and pains in making this experiment as it requireth Another reason why the benefit or blessing accrusing unto men upon their attendance on God in his Sacraments is not so sensible unto them may be this viz. because when an effect ariseth from a plurality of causes joyntly operating and contributing towards the production of it it is very hard at least in most cases to assign unto every of these causes their proper efficiency or to apprehend what it is that is severally and apart afforded by them towards the raising of it As for example the health or strength of the body is the effect of meats and drinks and sleep and exercise as also of all those natural faculties residing in several members or parts of the body which act joyntly with these though severally towards the one and the other of these effects But now how few are there so throughly acquainted with the secret and mysterious wayes of nature as to be able especially on the sudden or without study and much intense speculation to determine what every of the said causes severally and appropriately conferreth towards either of the mentioned effects In like manner there being a great variety of causes or means by the co-efficiency and co-working of which spiritual growth edification or increase in grace are produced in the soul as reading hearing meditating of the Gospel or Word of God Communion of Saints Prayer Sacraments minding and studying providences in the world communing with our own hearts c. It is no easie matter to be clearly sensible what it is which the Sacraments in particular cast into this treasury as Peter thought it was a strange question of Christ to ask who touched him when great multitudes of people thronged him on every side This briefly for the latter reason why we are for the most part little sensible of the good we receive from the Sacraments though it be much Quest 33. How many Sacraments are there Answ Only two properly so called as was formerly intimated viz. Baptisme and the Supper of the Lord. As for the five which the Doctrine of the Church of Rome addeth unto these they are only such I mean Sacraments in the general signification of the word viz. as it signifieth either a sign or pledge of something that is holy or else something in matters appertaining unto God that is in some degree mysterious or remote from common apprehension for in both these significations the word is sometimes used in the writings of the ancient Fathers as well as to signifie a Sacrament properly and strictly so called Quest 34. Why are not the other five accounted Sacraments by the Papists as well as Baptisme and the Lords Supper as truly and properly Sacraments as they Answ Because their institutions or respective precepts upon which they are built are not Sacramental as those of Baptisme and the Lords Supper are on all hands acknowledged to be A Sacramental institution requireth these things 1. Something that is elementary natural and visible usually called the matter of the Sacrament 2. Some spiritual good thing which is invisible signified by the other this some call rem Sacramenti meaning I conceive the thing intended either to be exhibited and given or else to be ratified and confirmed in or by the Sacrament 3. Some proportion or resemblance between these two I mean between that which is natural and visible and that which is spiritual and invisible 4. An external action or something to be outwardly done whereby the elementary part or matter of the Sacrament is exhibited or applied unto men 5. and lastly A form of words of a Divine prescription wherein as well the said proportion or resemblance between the elementary and spiritual parts of the Sacrament is declared as also the said applicatory action directed and enjoyned All these particulars are easie to be found in the respective institutions of Baptisme and the Lords supper but the Pontifician Rabbies are not able to produce an Institution of any of their five superadded Sacraments of like Character with them Yea their Institutions have all of them so little of the face or feature of that which