God seuen times a daie and to praye with ordenarie oraisons Towarde the eueninge euensonge and compline more late Matines in the morninge and incontinente prime and howres in ordre of tyme Hora prjma tertia sexta nona as thei stande in * ordre of name And this humbly before the aultare if he maye conueniently with his face towarde the Easte The pater nostre and the Crede said thei onely at the beginnyng of their seruice as the commune people do nowe a daies also Saincte Ierome at the vrgent request of Pope Damasus parted out the Psalmes acording to the daies of the wieke And appoincted for euery houre a porciō of propre psalmes For the nighte houres on the holy daye .ix. and on the worcking daye .xii. For laudes in the morning .v. for euensonge as many and for eche other houre but thre He also ordeined the Epistles Godspelles and other seruice vsed to be red out of the olde or newe testament in maner altogether sauing the note The Anthemes which Ambrose Byshoppe of millayne wrate and endited Damasus put ordre that the quiere should sing side aftre side added to euery psalmes ende Gloria patri c. The lessons and Himpnes that go before eche one of the howres did the coūceiles of Thoulouse and Agathone aucthorise The orisons the grailes the tractes the Alleluya thoffertorie the Communions in the Masse the Anthemes Versicles repitions and other thinges either songe or redde by nyghte or by daye to the beautifieng and praysing of God did Gregory Gelasius Ambrose and many other holy fathers deuise and put furthe not at one time but at sondry The Masse so terme thei the sacrifice was firste vsed to be done in suche simple sorte as yet is accustomed vppon good friday Easter euen with certeine lessōs before it But then Pope Celestinus put to the office of the Masse Thelesphorus Gloria in excelsis But Hilarius of pictauia made the Et in terra Simachus ordeined it to be songue The Salutaciōs which by the terme of Dominus vobiscum be made seuen tymes in a Masse ware taken out of the booke of Ruthe by Clemente and Anaclete and put in in their places Gelasius made vp all the reste to the Offertory in the same ordre thei be vsed Excepte the Sequenres and the Crede wherof Nicolas put in the firste Damasus the nexte acordinge to the Sinode of Constantinople The bidding of the beades with the collacion that was wonte to be made in the pulpite on Sondaies and halydaies raither grewe to a custome by the example of Nehemias and Esdras then was by any aucthorised In this collation at the firste comming vp therof when so many as ware presēte at the Masse did receiue the communion acording as was ordeyned by a decree thei that ware at any discorde ware exhorted to concorde agremente And that thei should receiue the sacrament of the aulter cleane from the fylthe of sinne vppon the whiche consideracion at this daye it endeth with confiteor or an open confession There ware thei wonte to teache the instrumentes of the olde lawe and the newe The ten cōmaundementes The .xii. articles of our beleue The seuen sacramentes holy folkes liues and Martirdomes holy dayes doctrines and disciplines vertues and vices and what soeuer are necessary beside forthe for a christiane to knowe Gregory lineked on the offertorie Leo the prefaces Gelasius the greate Canō the lesse The Sanctus blessed Sixtus And Gregory the Pater noster out of the Gospell of sainte Mathewe Martialle the scholer of blessed Peter deuised that Bysshoppes should gyue their benediction at the Agnus And as for other infeour priestes Innocentius commaūded them to giue the paxe that is to saye peace Sergius tacked on the Agnus and Gregory the poste communion The closing vp of all with Ite missa est Benedicamus Deo gratias was Leoes inuencion The. xii articles of our beleue whiche the blessed Apostles would euery manne not onely to confesse with mouthe but to beleue also in harte are these Firste that ther is one God in Trinitie the father almighty maker of heauen and earthe The seconde Iesus Christe his onely sonne our Lorde The thirde the same beinge conceiued of the holye ghoste to haue bene borne of the Virgine Marie The fourthe to haue suffred vndre Ponce pilate to haue bene crucified deade bewried and to haue descended in to helle The fiueth to haue risen agayne the thirde daye fro the deade The sixteth to haue ascended vp into the heauēs and to sitte on the right hande of God the father almighty The seuenth that he shall come fro thence like a triūpher to iudge the quicke and the deade The eight that ther is an holy ghoste The nineth that ther is an holy churche vniuersalle the communion of the godly and good The tenthe forgiuenesse of sinnes The eleuēth the rising againe of the flesshe The twelueth aftre our departing life in another worlde euerlasting The tenne commaundementes whiche god wrate with his owne fingre and gaue vnto the Israelites by Moises whiche thapostles willed vs also to kiepe The firste thou shalte haue none other Goddes but me The seconde thou shalte not make the any grauē Image or likenesse of any thing that is in heauē aboue in the earthe benethe or in the water vnder the earthe thou shalt not bowe doune to them nor worshippe them The third thou shalt not take the name of thy lorde God in vaine The fowrthe remembre that thou kiepe holie thy Sabboth daie The fiueth honour thy father mother The sixteth thou shalte doe no murdre The seuenth thou shalte not commit adulterie The eight thou shalte not steale The nineth thou shalt beare no false witnesse against thy neighbour The tenthe thou shalte not desyre thy neyghbours house his wife his seruaunte his maide his Oxe nor his Asse nor any thing that is thy neighbours The seuen Sacramentes of the churche whiche are conteined in the fiue laste Articles of our beleue and commaunded vs by the holie fathers to be beleued The firste diepyng into the water called Baptisyng aftre the Greke This by canonicalle decree in time paste was not wonte to be giuen excepte greate necessitie soner required it but to those that had bene scholers a space afore to learne the thinges appertinēt to christendome Yea and that aftre thei had bene exceadingly welle enstructed in the faithe and proufe taken of their profityng by seuen examinacions whiche ware made vpon seuen seueralle daies in the Lente and so ware thei Baptissed vpon Easter euen and Whitesondaie euen Vpon whiche daies thei ware accustomed to hallowe the christening watre in euery Paroche But because this specially of all other is chiefly necessarie vnto euerlasting saluacion leasse any bodie should die without it thei decreed that assone as the childe was borne godfathers should be sought for it as it ware for witnesses or sureties whiche should bryng the childe vnto the Churche doore
and there to stande without And then the Priest should enquire before the childe be dieped in the Fonte whether it haue renounted Sathan and all his pompe and pride If it beleue certeinely and wholie all the Articles of the Christiane faithe And the Godfathers answeryng yea for it the Prieste breathyng thrise vpon his face exorciseth it and cathechiseth it Aftre that doeth he seuen thinges to the childe in ordre Firste he putteth into the mouth hallowed salt Secondely he mingleth earthe and his spattle toguether and smereth the eyes eares nosethrilles of the childe Thirdly giuyng it suche name as it shall euer aftre bee called by he marketh it on the breast and backe with holie oile aftre the facion of a crosse Fourthly he diepeth it thrise in the Watre or besprinckleth it with watre thrise in maner of a crosse in the name of the holie Trinitie the father the sonne and holie ghost In the whiche name also all thother Sacramentes are ministred Fiuethly weting his thumbe in the holie ointement he maketh therewith a Crosse on the childes foreheade Sixthly he putteth a white garment vppon it Seuenthly he taketh it in the haÌ„de a Candle brennyng The Iewes before thei be Christened by the determinacion of the counsaile holden at Agathone are cathechised that is to saie are scholers as the enstruction of our beleue nine monethes And are bouÌ„d to fast fourtie daies to dispossesse them selues of all that euer thei haue and to make free their bonde men And looke whiche of their children thei haue Circumcised acording to Moses lawe hym are thei bounde to banishe their companie No merueile therfore if thei come so vnwillingly to christeÌ„dome Bishopping whiche the Latines calle Confirmacion a confirming a ratifieng establishyng aucthorisyng or allowyng of that went before is the second Sacramente And is giueÌ„ of the Bishoppe onely before the Aultare in the Churche to suche as are of groweÌ„ yeres and fastyng if it maie be aftre this maner As many as shal be Confirmed come all together with euery one a godfather And the Bishoppe aftre he hath saied one oraison ouer theÌ„ all wetyng his thumbe in the holie oile maketh a crosse vpoÌ„ eche of their foreheades In the name of the father sonne and holie ghoste And giueth hym a blowe on the lefte chieke for a remembraunce of the Sacrament that he come not for it againe The godfathers to the ende the enoilyng should not droppe awaie or by negligence bee wiped awaie clappe on a faire filette on the foreheade whiche thei iudge to be vnlawfully takeÌ„ awaie before the seuenth daie The holie fathers estemed this Sacrament so highly that if the name giuen to the childe at his Christendome fâ—â—med not good the Bisshoppe at the giuyng hereof mighte thaunge it The thirde Sacramente is holie Ordres whiche in the firste Churche was giuen likewise of the Bishoppe onely in the monethe of Decembre But now at sixe seueralle tymes of the yere that is to saie the fowre Saturdaies in the embre wekes whiche ware purposely ordeined therefore vpon the Saturdaie whiche the Churche menne calle Sitientes because the office of the Masse for that daie appoincted beginneth with that woorde and vpon Easter euen This Sacrament was giuen onely to menne and but to those neither whose demeanour and life dispocisioÌ„ of bodie and qualitie of minde ware sufficiently tried and knoweÌ„ Aftre the opinion of some there ware seuen ordres or degrees wherby the holy fathers would vs to beleue that there ware â—â—ueÌ„ speciall influences as it ware printed in the soule of the receiuer wherby eche one for eche ordre was to be compted an hallowed manne Aftre the mindes of other there ware nine That is to saie Musicens whiche encludeth singing and plaieng Doore kiepers Reders Exorcistes Acholites Subdeacon Deacon Prieste and Bishop And for all this it is coÌ„pted but one Sacramente by the reason that all these tende to one ende that is to saie to consecrate the Lordes bodie To euery one of these did the Counsaile of Tolede in Spaine appoincte their seueralle liueries and offices in the Churche The Doorekepers had the office of our Common Sexceine to opeÌ„ the churche dores to take hede to the churche and to shutte the dores And had therfore a keie giuen vnto theim when thei ware admitted to this ordre The Reader in signe and token of libertie to reade the Bible and holie stories had a greate booke giuen him The Exorcistes serued to commaunde euill spicices out of menne and in token therof had a lesse booke giuen them The Acholite had the bearyng and the orderyng of the Tapers Candelstickes and Cruetres at the Altare and therfore had a Candlesticke a Taper and two emptie Cruorettes deliuered hym The Subdeacon mighte take the offring and handle the Chalice and the Patine caâ—ie theim to the Altare and fro the Altare and giue the Deacon Wine and water out of the Cruettes And therfore the Bishoppe deliuereth hym an emptie Chalice with a Patine and the Archedeacon one Cruet full of wine and another full of watre or Chaptres and those againe into Paroches and to set that goodly ordre that yet continueth aswell emong the clergie as the laietie That the parishe should obeie their lawfull Persone the Persone the Deane the Deane the Bishoppe the Bishoppe the Archebishoppe The Archbishoppe the Primate or Patriarche the Primate or Patriarche the Legate the Legate the Pope the Pope the generalle Counsaile the generalle Counsaile God alone For the fourthe Sacramente it is holden that euery prieste rightly priested acordyng to the keies of the Churche hauing an encente to consecrate and obseruynge the fourme of the woordes hathe power of wheaten breade to make the very bodie of Christe and of Wine to make his very bloude Christe our Lorde hym selfe the daye before he suffred kepte it solemply with his disciples and consecrated and ordeined it continually to be celebrated and eaten in the remembraunce of him selfe And about this mattier a man had nede of a great faythe Firste to beleue the breade to be chaunged into the body and the wine into the bloude of Christe Againe thoughe this be done euery daye that yet Christ for all that should growe neuer a whitte the bigger for the making nor the lesse for the eatinge Thirdely that the Sacrament being deuyded into many partes Christ should yet remaine whole in euery cromme Fourthly that thoughe the wicked eate it yet should not it be defiled Fiuethly that it bringeth to as many euyll as receius it death and to the good euerlasting life Sixthly that it tourneth not into the nature of the eater to his nourishemente as other meate dothe but turneth the eater contrariwise into the nature of it selfe And yet being eaten that it is rapte into heauen vnhurte or vntouched Seuenthly that in so smalle a syse of breade and wine the infinite and incomprehensible Christe God and manne shoulde be comprehended Then that one and the self same bodye of
Christe at one very instaunce shoulde be in many places and of many menne receiued at ones and in sondrye parcelles Ninethly that thoughe the bread it selfe be chaunged into the very flesshe of Christe and the wine into his bloude that yet to all the sences thei remaine breade and wine and neither flesshe ne bloud Further that all these coÌ„modities coÌ„teined in these verses folowing should happen vnto those that worthely eate it It putteth in mynde and kindleth encreaseth hope and strengtheneth Mainteineth clenseth restoreth giues life and vniteth Stablissheth beliefe abates the foode of sinne and all vnclennes quencheth Finally to be very profitable for the saluacioÌ„ aswell of those liuyng as deade for whoÌ„ it is specially offred by the priest in the Masse And therefore to haue to name Eucharistia communio In the beginning of the Christiane faithe and yet amonge certeine schismatiques as thei saye one whole lofe was consecrated of suche bigguenesse as wheÌ„ the Priest had broken it in a platter into smalle pieces it mighte suffise the whole multitude that ware at the masse to participate of For in time paste the Christianes came euery day to communicate by a speciall commaundemente and ordenaunce Aftrewarde but ones in a wicke and that on the Sonday But whan it began to be skant well kepte vppon the Sonday neither then was it commaunded that euery manne should receiue it thrise in the yere or ones at the leaste at euery Easter And that euery christian manne when he stode in any daungier of death beynge whole of minde should receiue it as a waifaring viande to staye him by the waye with as good preparacion of bodye and soule as he possibly mighte Matrimonie whiche is the lawefulle coupling of the manne and the woman broughte in by the lawe of nature the lawe of God the lawe of all peoples and the lawe ciuile is the fiueth Sacrament The holy fathers woulde haue but one mariage at ones that not in secrete but with opeÌ„ solemnitie eyther in the churche or in the churche porche and so that the priest be called to the matier Who shold firste examine the man and then the womanne whether thei bothe consent to be maried together Yf thei be agreed whiche is chiefely in this case requisite he taking them bothe by the right handes coupleth them together in the name of the holy and vnseperable trinitie the father the sonne and the holy ghoste And commaundeth and exhorteth them that thei alwaye remembring this their coupling of their owue free wille consent as longe as thei liue neuer forsake one a nother but loue honour one another be debonaire and buxome one to another giuing them selues to procreacion and not to lecherous luste And that thei honestly and diligently bringe vp suche children as God sendeth them of theyr bodies Aftre that he affiaunceth theÌ„ both with one ringe And sprinckling holy water vpon them reacheth them a stole and leadeth them into the churche where yf thei ware not blessed afore he blesseth them knieling before the altare The woman hath on a redde fillet or frontelette and ouer that a white veile withoute the whiche it is not lawfulle for her fro that daye forewarde to go oute of doores abrode or to sitte by any manne Twelue thinges ther be whiche the holy fathers woulde haue to barre persons from contracting of matrimonie and to disseuer them againe yf thei be contracted Errour of person that is to saye mistaking one for another A betrowthing vpon a condicion CoÌ„sanguinitie or kindred An opeÌ„ crime Diuersitie of secte Force or coÌ„strainte Holy ordres a BoÌ„de or former contracte Commune or open honestie Affinitie and Dishabilitie of engeÌ„drure The sixteth Sacramente is penaunce or repentaunce giuen of Christe as it ware for a wracke boorde wherby men are preserued fro drowninge Eche christian oughte vndoubtedly to beleue that this consisteth in foure poinctes To saie in RepeÌ„tauÌ„ce of our sinnes Canonicalle coÌ„fession Absolucion and Satisfaction or amendes Firste let him sorowe not with a lighte forthinckinge but with a moste earneste and bittre repentaunce in the botome of his conscience for the puritie and innocencie that he had gotten eyther by baptisme or the benefite of former repentaunce and nowe hathe eftsones loste and forgone throughe sinne And let him hope with this repentaunce to be reconciled to the fauour of God againe And let him humbly and truly with his owne mouthe confesse to a wise prieste in the steade of God all those offences wherwith he knoweth him selfe to haue loste his innocencie and clennesse and to haue prouoked the wrathe of GOD againste him selfe And let him assuredly beleue that the same prieste hath power giuen him of Christe as beinge his vicare or deputie on earthe to absolue him of all his sinnes Finally for satisfaction or amendes making for the faulte lette him not with grudginge but chierfully and gladly doe what so euer he shal be coÌ„mauÌ„ded Beleuig with vndoubted faith that he is absolued and quyte of all assone as the priest in dewe forme of wordes hath pronounced the absolucion The seuenth and the laste SacrameÌ„t is the laste enoynting by an oyle that is made to this vse by the bisshope in euery diocesse by an yerely custome vpoÌ„ mauÌ„dy thursdaie like as the chrismatory oyle is And this by the precepte of sainte Iames the Apostle and by the ordinaunce of Felix the fourthe Pope after Sainte Peter was giuen only to them that laie in dyeng being of full age and requyring it Thei vse to enoynte with a prescripte fourme of wordes and with often inuocation of sainctes those partes of the bodie wher our fiue wittes or senses the hearing seyng smelling tasting and touching beare moste stroke with whiche man is iudged chiefely to sinne That is the eares the eyes the nosethrilles the mouthe the handes and the fete Wherby the holy fathers would vs to be leue that there was not onely purchased cleane forgiuenesse of all smaller offences or venialle sinnes but also either presente recouâ—rie or a riper and gentier deathe All the feastes and holydaies throughout the yere whiche the churche hath commaunded to be obserued kept beginne at the Aduente or approche of Christe our Lorde Whiche Peter the Apostle instituted to be obserued in Decembre with fasting and prater thre wiekes and a haulfe before Christemas wheÌ„ we close vp the last viii daies of that moneth with great ioye and feaste Thei deuided the yere into two fiuetie wekes and. xij seueral monthes The monethes coÌ„monly into xxx daies The firste daye of Ianuary the churche recordeth howe Christe was circumcised acordinge to Moyses lawe The. iii. daye aftre howe he was worshipped of the thre Sages with thre sondry presentes and howe beinge baptissed of Iohn in Iordaine the floude he laide the foundation of the newe Lawe The seconde of Februarie how his mother vnspotted obeyeng the maner of her coÌ„try brought him into the temple and suftred her self to be purified or clensed
ThegiptiaÌ„s me siemeth those Lawes are of very righte to be compted the beste whiche regarde not so muche to make the people riche as to aduaunce theim to honestie and wisedome where riches of necessitie must folowe ¶ The. vi Chapitre ¶ Of the Poeni and thother peoples of Aphrique OF the Penois there are many and sondrie nacioÌ„s Adrimachidae lieng toward Egipte are like of maners to ThegiptiaÌ„s but their apparell is like to the other Penois Their wiues haue vpon ethe legge a houpe of Latton Thei delight in long heare and looke what lyce it fortuneth any of them to take aboute them thei bite theim and throwe theim awaie the whiche propretie thei onely of all the Poeni haue As also to present their maidens that are vpon mariage to the kyng whiche choosyng emong them the maiden that liketh hym beste sieketh in her lappe that aftre can neuer bee founde The Nasamones a greate and a terrible nacion spoilers of suche Shippes as fortune to bee throwen vpon the Sandes in the streightes towarde Sommer leauyng their cattle vpon the Sea coaste goe doune into the plaine countrie to gather Dates whiche are there very faire and in greate plentie Thei gather the boughes with the fruicte not yet perfectely ripe and laie them a Sonnyng to ripe Afterward thei stiepe theim in Milke and make soupinges and potages of theim It is the maner emong theim for euery man to haue many wiues and the felowship of their wiues that other vse in secrete thei vse in open sighte in maner aftre the facion that the Massagetes vse It is also the maner of the Nasamones when any maÌ„ marieth his first wife to sende her about to euery one of the ghestes to offer hym her body And asmany as receiue her into armes and shewe her the curtesie she comes for must giue her some gifte whiche she hath borne with her home to her house Their maner of takyng an othe foreshewyng of thinges to come is thus Thei sweare by the menne that ware by reporte the best and moste iuste men emong theÌ„ layeng their handes on their Graues or Tumbes But for the fore knowledge of thynges thei come to the Graues of their kyndreade and there when thei haue praied their stinte laye them doune vpon them to slepe and loke what thei dreame that doe thei folowe Where in coÌ„firmyng of our promise we vse to strike haÌ„des as we calle it thei vse to drincke one to another or elles if thei lacke liquour to take duste fro the earth and one to licke parte of that to another The Garamantes shonne the felowship and the sighte of all other peoples and neither vse any kinde of weapon or armour ne yet dare defende them selues against other that vsed them They dwell somwhat aboue the Nasamones more vp londe Aboute the sea coaste towarde the weste ther bordereth vpon them the Maces whiche shaue their heades in the crowne and clyppe them rounde by the sides The Gnidanes nexte neighbours to the Maces when they giue battaylle to the ostruthes their brieding vnder the grounde are armed with rawe felles of beastes Their women ware prety wealtes of leather euery one a greate manye whiche as it is sayde they begge of suche menne as haue lien with them So that the moe she hath the more she is estemed as a deinty derling beloued of many The Machlies dwelling aboute the mershe of Tritonides vse to shaue their foreparte of their heade and the Anses their hindre parte The maydens of the Anses at the yerely feastes of Minerua in the honoure of the goddesse their country womaÌ„ deuiding them selues into two companies vse to giue battaile one parte to another with staues and with stones sayeng that thei obserue the maner of their country in the honour of her that we calle Minerua And the maiden that departeth the battayle with out wounde thei holde her for no maide But before ther battayle be tought they determine that what maydeÌ„ so euer beareth her selfe moosre valeaunte in the fielde all the other maydens with commune consente shall garnishe her and arme her both with the armour of Grecia and the helmei of Corinthe And shal sette her in a chariot carye her rounde about the mershe The same menne vsen their women as indiffereÌ„tly commune as kyen to the bulle The children remaine with the women vntil they be of some strengthe Ones in a quartre the men do assemble wholy together then looke with whome the childe fantasieth mooste to abide him do they compte for his father There is a people named Atlantes of the mounte Athlas by the whiche they dwell These giue no names one to another as other peoples do but eche man is namelâ—sse When the sonne passeth ouer their heades they curse him and reuyle him with all woordes of mischiefe for that he is so brotling hote that he destroieth bothe them and ther countrye They eate of no kinde of beaste neither dreame in their sliepe The Aphres whiche are all brieders of catteile liue with flesshe and milke and yet abiteine they fro cowes milke and all cowe fleshe according to the maner of the Egiptians and therfore kepe they none vp The women of Cyâ—ene thincke it not lawfull to strike a cowe for Isis sake that is honoured in Egipt to whome also they appoincte fasting and feastefull daies and obserue them solempuly But the womeÌ„ of Barcea absteine bothe froÌ„ cowe fleshe and sowe flesh When their children are iiii yeare olde they vse to cauterise them on the coron vaine and some on the temples also with a medecine for that purpose made of woolle as it is plucked fro the shiepe because thei should not at any time be troubled with rheumes or poses and by that meanes they say they liue in very good health Thei sacrifie after this maner When in the name of their firste frutes they haue cutte of the eare of the beaste they throwe it ouer the house That done they wring the necke on the one side Of all the goddes they offre sacrifice to no more but Sonne Mone All the Aphres burye their deade as the Grecians doe sauing the Nasamones which bury them as thoughe they ware sitting wayting well when any man lieth in drawing on to set him on his taile leaste he should giue vp the ghoste lieng vpright Their houses are made of wickers and withes wrought aboute trees moch like vnto those that we calle fraÌ„ckenceÌ„ce trees and in suche sorte that they may tourne them rounde eâ—ery waye The Maries shaue the lefte side of their heade and lette the heare growe on the right They die their bodie in redde and vaunte that they come of the Troianes The women of the Zabiques which are the next neighbours to the Maries driue the cartes in the warres in the which the men fight Ther are a people called Zigantes wher beside the great plentye of hony that they gather fro the Bies they haue also certeine men that
smalle catteile whose milke and flesshe they eate They haue no maner of graine ne knowe what to doe therwith ¶ The first Chapitre ¶ Of Asie and the peoples moste famous therin ASie the seconde part of the thre wherin to we haue said that the whole erth is diuided tooke name as some hold opinion of the doughter of Oceanus and Tethis named Asia the wife of laphetus and the mother of Prometheus Or as other affirme of Asius the sonne of Maneye the Lidian And it stretcheth it self from the South bowtyng by the Easte into the Northe hauyng on the West parte the two flouddes Nilus and Tanais and the whole Sea Euxinum and parte of the middle earth sea Vpon the other thre quarters it is lysted in with the Occean whiche where he cometh by Easte Asie is called Eous as ye would saie toward the dawnyng by the South Indicus of the countrie named India and aftre the name of the stoure Scithiane vpon the Northe Scythicus The greate mounteine Taurus ronnyng East and West and in a maner equally partyng the lande in twaine leaueth one parte on the Northe side called by the Grekes the outer Asie and another on the South named the inner Asie This mountein in many places is fouÌ„de thre hundred .lxxv. miles broade and of length equalle with the whole countrie About a fiue hundred thre skore and thre miles From the coast of the Rhodes vnto the farthest part of Inde and Scithia Eastwarde And it is deuided into many sondrie partes in sondrie wise named wherof some are larger some lesse This Asie is of suche a sise as aucthours holde opinion that Affrike and Europe ioyned together are scante able to matche it in greatnes It is of a temperate heate and a fertile soile and therfore full of all kindes of beaste foule and worme it hath in it many countries and Seignouries On the other side of the redde Sea oâ—ter against Egipte in Affrike lieth the tripartite region named Arabia whose partes are Petrea boundyng West and Northe vpon Siria and right at fronte before hym Eastwarde Deserta and Arabia Felix by Southe Certein writers also adioyne to Arabia Pancheia and Sabea It is iudged to haue the name of Arabus the sonne of Appollo Babilone The Arabiens beyng a greate people and dwellyng very wide and brode are in their liuyng very diuers and as sondrie in religion Thei vse to go with long heare vnrounded forked cappes somewhat mitre like all aftre one sorte and their beardes partie shaueÌ„ Thei vse not as we doe to learne faculties and sciences one of another by appreÌ„tice hode but looke what trade the father occupied the same doeth the sonne generally applie hymself to and continue in The mooste aunciente and eldest father that can be founde in the whole Countrie is made their Lorde and Kyng Looke what possessions any one kindrede hath the same be commune to all those of that bloude Yea one wife serueth theim all Wherefore he that cometh firste into the house laieth doune his faulchoÌ„ before the dore as a token that the place is occupied The seniour of the stocke ensoieth her alnight Thus be thei al brethren and sistren one to another throughout the whole people Thei absteine fro the embrasinges neither of sister ne mother but all begrees are in that poynct as indifferent to them as to beastes of the fieldes Yei is adulterie death emong them And this is adulterie there to abandon the body to one of another kindred And who so is by suche an ouerthwarte begotten is iudged a ba stard and otherwise not Thei banrquet not lightly together vndre the nombre of thirtie persones Alwaie foresene that two of the same no â—hre at the leaste be Musicens waiters haue thei none but one kinsman to minister to another and one to helpe another Their tounes and cities are wallesse for thei liue quietly in peace one with another Thei haue no kinde of oyle but that whiche is made of Sesama but for all other thynges thei are most blessed with plentie Thei haue Shiepe greater then Rien and verie white of woulle Horses haue thei none ue none desire for that their Chamelles in all niedes serue theÌ„ aswell Thei haue siluer and golde plentie and diuerse kindes of spices whiche other couÌ„tries haue not Laton Brasse Iron Purple Safron the precious rote costus and all coruen woorkes are brought into theim by other Thei bewrie their kyng in a donghâ—lâ—e for other thei wille skante take so muche laboure There is no people that better kiepeth their promise and couenaant then thei do thus thei behight it When thei wille make any solempne promise couenaunte or league the two parties commyng together bryng with them a thirde who standyng in the middes betwirte theim bothe draweth bloud of echâ— of them in the palme of the hand along vnder the rote of the fingres with a sharpe stone and then pluckyng from eche of their garmentes a litle saggue he enoyncteth with that bloude seuen other stones lieng ready betwirte them for that purpose And whilest he so doeth he ralleth vpon the name of Dionisius and Urania whom thei accompt emong the nombre of goddes reuengers of faithelesse faithes This done he that was the sequestrer of the couenaunte becometh suretie for the parties And this maner of contracte he that standeth moffe at libertie thinketh miete to be kepte Thei haue no firynge but broken endes chippes of Myrche whose smoke is so vnholsonie that exrepte thei withstode the malice therof with the perfume of Styrar it would briede in them vncurable difeases The Tinamome whiche groweth emong theim none gather but the priestes And not thei neither before thei haue sacrificed vnto the goddes And yet further thei obserue that the gatheryng neither beginne before the Sonne risyng ne coÌ„tinue aftre the goyng doune He that is lorde and gourrnour emong them when the whole gather is brought together deuideth out vnto euery man his heape with a Iauelines ende whiche thei haue ordinarily consecrate for that purpose And emongest other the Sonne also hath a heape deuided out for hym whiche if the deuâ—sion be iuste he kindeleth immediatly with his owne beames and brenneth into ashes Some of the A rabiens that are pinched with penurie without all regard of body life or helth doe eate Snakes and Addres and suche like vermine and therefore are called of the Grekes Ophyophagj The Arabiens named Nomades occupie much Chamelles bothe in warre and burden and all maner cariage farre and nighe The floude that ronneth alonge their bordes hathe in it as it ware limall of golde in great plentie Whiche they neuertheles for lacke of knowledge do neuer fine into masse Another people of Arabia named Deboe are for the great part she pemasters and brieders Parte of theÌ„ notwithstanding occupie husbandrie tilthe These haue suche pleÌ„tie of gold that ofterimes emoÌ„g the cloddes in the fieldes thei finde litle peables of gold as bigge
neither sowe nor mowe but liue by flesshe of suche beastes as thei haue and suche fishe as Araxe the floude doeth plēteously minister vnto them and with drinckynge of Milke wherof thei make no spare Thei knowe no goddes but the Sonne In whose honour thei offre vp Horses in Sacrifice as beyng in swiftenesse moste like vnto the Sonne The Seretines are a debonaire people and suche louers of quiernesse that thei shōne to entremedle with any other people Merchaūtes passe their outmost floude toward them but thei maie come no nigher Along the banques there thei sette out suche thynges as thei are disposed to selle Not the Merchauntes but the indwellers of the Countrie For thei selle to other and buie of none And thei sette them in ordre as thei iudge them in price The buyer cometh and as he iudgeth theim by his eye to be worthe without further trade or feloweshippe betwixte theim so laieth he doune And if thei receiue it he departeth with the ware Emong them is there neither whore nor thiefe nor adulteresse broughte to iudgemente Neither was it euer hearde that there was a manne slaine emong theim For the feare of their Lawes woorketh more strongly with theim then the influences of the Starres Thei dwelle as it ware in the beginnyng or entryng of the worlde And for that thei liue aftre a chast sort thei are neither skourged with Blastynges ne Haile ne Pestilence ne suche other euilles No manne toucheth a woman there aftre she hath conceiued ne yet in the tyme of her flowres Thei eate none vncleane beastes ne knowe what Sacrifisyng meaneth Euery man there is his owne Iudge acordyng to Iustice Therefore are thei not chastised with suche corrections as happen vnto other for synne but bothe continue long in life and die wighout grief The Tauroschithiās so called for that thei dwell aboute the mounteigne Taurus offre as many as fortune to make Shipwracke vpon their shore to the virgine whose name ye shall aftre heare And if it fortune any Greke or Grekes to be driuen thether him doe thei Sacrifice after this maner Afire what tyme thei haue made prayer after their maner thei strike of his heade with an hachet And as some saie tomble doune the carkesse into the Sea for this Virgine hath a Chapelle vpon the toppe of a high clieue hangyng ouer the Sea where this feate is doone and naile vp the heade vpon a Giber In this poincte of nailyng vp the heade all the writers agre but in tomblyng doune the body not so ▪ for some affirme that the body is bewried The Virgine Deuille to whom thei Sacrifice is laied to be Iphigenia Agamēnons doughter Their ennemies as many as thei take thus thei handle Euery manne cutteth of his prisoners head and carieth it home and fasteneth it vpon the ende of a long pole setteth it vp some vpon their house toppe some vpō their chimneis as high as thei can And no merueile though thei set thē so that thei might well see rounde about theim for thei saie thei are the wardens and kepers of al their whole house Thei liue by spoile and by warre The Agathirsians are menne verie neare fine greate wearers of golde in their appareill Thei occupie their women in commune so that thei seme all of one kindred and one householde neuer striuyng nor grudgyng one with another muche like in body vnto the Thracians The Neuriens vse the maners of the Sithians This people the somer before that Darius set furthe ware constrained for the greate multitude of Serpentes that ware bredde in their quartres to chaunge their dwellyng place Thei verily doe belieue and wille sweare it that euery yere ones for a certaine daies thei become Woulues and retourne againe into their former shape and state The Antropophagites so called for that thei liue by mannes fleshe of all menne are the worste cōdicioned without lawe or officer appareilled like the Scithiens but in language like vnto no bodye but them selues The Melanchleni do all weare blacke as their name dothe signifie And of these also are eaters of mannes fleshe so manie as folowe the trade of the Scithians The Budines are a great nacion and a populous graye eyed redde headed al. Their heade citie is Gelone wherof thei are also called Gelonites Thei kepe euery thirde yere a reuelle in the honour of Bacchus whereat thei make reuelle in dede yea reuell route Thei ware sometime Griekes whiche put of fro their countrie seatled them selues there And by processe losing the proprietie of their owne tongue became in lāguage haulfe Grekes and haulfe Scithians Yet are the Gelonites bothe in language and liuinge different from the Budines For the Budines being natiue of the place are brieders of Catteile The Gelonites occupienge tilthe liue by corne and haue their frute yardes Neyther lyke in colour ne countenaunce to the other All their quartres are verye full and thicke of trees It hathe also many meres and greate In and about the whiche thei take Ottres and Beauers many other beastes of whose skinnes they make them pilches and Ierkins The Lirceis liue by woodmanshippe and huntinge and aftre this maner Their countrie beinge also very thicke of trees thei vse to climbe suche as siemeth them beste and there awaite their game At the foote of euery mannes tree lieth a dogge and a horse well taughte to couche flatte on the bealy as lowe as can bee When the beaste cometh within daungier he shoteth And yf he hitte he streighte commeth downe taketh his horse backe foloweth with his hoūde The Argippians dwell vndre the foote of the highe mountaines Men whiche fro their birthe are balde bothe the males and the females Their noses tourne vp like a shoinge horne and their chinnes be great out of measure The sounde of their voice vnlike to all other ther apparell aftre the sorte of the Scithians Thei haue small regarde to brieding by the reason wherof thei haue smalle store of cattaile Thei lie vndre trees which in the wintre thei couer ouer with a white kinde of felte and in the somer take the same awaye and lie vndre the open tree Ther is no manne that wil harme them for that thei are compted holy halowed neither haue thei anye kinde of armour or weapō of warxe These men haue the arbitrement of their neigbours controuersies rounde aboute And as thei determine so are thei ended Who so flieth vnto them is saufe as in sanctuary The Issedonnes haue this propretie When so euer any mannes father ther dieth all his kinsfolke bringe euery man one beast or other to the house of the sonne that kepeth the funeral Which whē thei haue killed and minsed they minse also the body of the deade And bothe the flesshes beinge mingled together thei fall to the banket Then take thei the dead mannes heade pike the braine oute cleane and all other moistures and ragges and when thei haue guilte it thei vse it for
a representaciō of the partie departed Solempnisinge euery yere furthe the memoriall with newe ceremonies and mo This bothe the sonne for the father and the father for the sonne as the Grekes kepe their birthe daies These are also sayde to be verye iuste dealers their wiues to be as valeaunte and hardie as the husbādes Suche haue the maners of the Scithians bene But afterwarde being subdued by the Tartares and wearing by processe into their maners and ordinaunces thei nowe liue all after one sorte and vndre one name ¶ The .x. Chapiter ¶ Of Tartarie and the maners and power of the Tartarians TArtaria otherwyse called Mongal As Vincentuis wryteth is in that parte of the earthe where the Easte and the northe ioyne together It had vpō the easte the londe of the Katheorines and Solangores on the South the Saracenes on the weste the Naymaniens on the northe is enclosed with the occean It hath the name of the floude Tartar that ronneth by it A country very hilly and full of mountaines And wher it is champe in myngled with sāde and grauelle Barreine except it be in places where it is moysted with floudes which are very fewe And therfore it is muche waaste and thinly enhabited Ther is not in it one Citie ne one village beside Cracuris And wood in the moste parte of the country so skante that the enhabitaūtes are faine to make their fyre and dresse their meate with the drie donge of neate and horses The ayer intemperate and wonderfulle Thondre and lightening in somer so terrible that sondry do presently die for very feare Nowe is it broiling hote and by and by bittre colde and plenty of snowe Suche stronge windes sometime that it staieth horse and man and bloweth of the rider teareth vp trees by the rootes and doeth muche harme In wintre it neuer raineth ther and in Somer very often But so slendrely that the earthe is skante wette with al. And yet is ther great store of Cattaile as Camelles neate c. And horses and mares in suche plentie as I beleue no parte of the earth hath againe It was first enhabited of foure peoples Of the Ieccha mongalles that is to saye the greate mongalles The Sumongalles that is to say the watre mongalles whiche called them selues Tartares of the floude Tartar whose neighbours thei are The thirde people ware called Merchates and the fourthe Metrites There was no difference betwixte them eyther in body or lāguage but al aftre one sorte and facion Their behauour was in the beginning very brute and farre oute of ordre without lawe or discipline or any good facion Thei liued amonge the Scithians and kept herdes of cattalle in very base state and condition and ware tributaries to all their neighbours But within a while aftre thei deuided them selues as it ware into wardes to euery of the which was appointed a capitaine in whose deuises and consentes cōsisted thordre of the whole Yet ware thei tributaries to the Naimānes their next neighbours vntyll Canguista by a certaine prophecie was chosen their kynge He assone as he had receiued the gouernaunce abolished all worshippe of deuilles and commaunded by commune decree that all the whole nacion should honour the highe godeuerlasting by whose prouidence he would seme to haue receiued the kingdome It was further detreed that as manye as ware of age to beare armour should be preste and ready with the kyng at a certeyne daye The multitude that serued for their warres was thus destributed Their capitaines ouer ten which by a terme borowed of the Frenche we calle Diseners are at the cōmaundemente of the Centurians And the Cēturiane obeied the Millenarie that had charge of a thousande And he againe was subiecte to the grande Coronelle that had charge ouer ten thou sande aboue the whiche nombre thei mounted no degree of captaines This done to proue the obedience of his subiectes he commaunded seuen sonnes of the Princes or Dukes whiche before had gouerned the people to be slaine by the hādes of their owne fathers and mothers Whiche thinge althoughe it ware muche againste their hartes and an horrible diede yet did thei it Partely vppon the feare of the residew of the people and partly vpon conscience of their obediēce For why the people thoughte when thei sawe him begyn aftre this sorte thei had had a god amongest them So that in disobeynge of his commaundemente thei thought thei should not haue disobeied a king but God him selfe Canguista takinge stomake with this power firste subdued those Scithians that bordred vpon him and made them tributaries And where other afore had bene tributaries also vnto thein now receiued he in that one peoples righte tribute of many Then settinge vpon those that ware further of he had suche prosperous successe that from Scithia to the sonne risinge and fro thence to the middle earthe sea and beyonde he broughte all together vndre his subiection So that he moughte nowe worthely wryte him selfe highe Gouernour and Emperour of the Easte The Tartares are very deformed litle of bodie for the moste parte hauyng great stiepe eyes and yet so heary on the eye liddes that there sheweth but litle in open sight Platter faced and beardlesse sauyng vpon the vpper lippe and a litle about the poincte of the chinne thei haue a feawe heares as it ware priched in with Bodkins Thei be communely all slendre in the waste Thei shaue the hindre haulfe of the heade rounde aboute by the croune from one eare to another compassyng towarde the nape of the necke after suche a facion that the polle behind sheweth muche like the face of a bearded manne On the other parte thei suffre their heare to growe at lengthe like our women whiche thei deuide into two tresses or braudes and bryng aboute to fasten behinde their eares And this maner of shauyng do thei vse also that dwelle among theim of what nacion so euer thei be Thei theim selues are very light and nimble good on Horse but naughte on foote All from the moste to the leaste as well the women as the menne doe ride either vpon Geldynges or Rien where so euer thei become For stoned Horses thei occupie none ne yet Gelding that is a striker and lighte of his heles Their bridelles are trimmed with muche gold siluer and precious stones And it is compted a ioly thyng emong theim to haue a great sort of siluer sounded belles gynglyng aboute their horse neckes Their speache is very chourlishe and loude Their singyng is like the bawlynge of Woulues When thei drincke thei shake the heade and drincke thei do very often euen vnto drōckennesse wherin thei glorie muche Their dwellyng is neither in tounes ne Bouroughes But in the fieldes abrode aftre the maner of thaunciēt Scithians in tentes And the ratherso for that thei are all moste generally catteill mastres In the wintre time thei are wōt to drawe to the plaines in the Somer season to the mounteignes
patched it vp together with peces of all maner of sectes He thoughte it good to sette out Christe with the beste affirminge that he was a manne excelling in all holinesse and verrue yea he extolled him to a more heigth then was appliable to the nature of maÌ„ calling him the woorde the spirite the soule of GOD borne out of a virgines wombe whome he also with many wondrefull praises magnified He confirmed with his consente the miracles and story of the gospel as farre as it varieth not from his Alcorane The Godspelles said he ware corrupte by the disciples of the Apostles And therfore it behoued his Alcorane to be made for to correcte and amende them Thus fauning into fauour with the christiaÌ„s he would haue bene christened of Sergius Then to procure moue other also to fauouor his procedinges he denied with the Sabellians the Trinitie With the Manicheis he made two goddes with Eunomius he denied that the father and the sonne ware equal With Macedonius he said that the holy ghoste was a creature or substaunce created With the Nicholaites he allowed the hauinge of many wiues at ones He allowed also the olde testament Althoughe sayd he it ware in certain places faultie And these fondenesses did he beswiete with a wondrefull lure of the thinges that menne in this lyfe mooste desire Lettinge louse to as many as helde of him the bridle of al lechery and luste And for that cause doth this contagious euil sprede it self so wide into innumerable contries So the if a maÌ„ at this day compare the nombre of them that are by him seduced with the other that remaine in the doctrine of faithe he shal easeli perceiue the great oddes ware it but herin That wher Europe alone and not al that by a great deale staÌ„deth in the belief of Christe almoste all Asie and Aphrique yea and a greate pece of Europe standeth in the Turkisshe belief of Mahomete The Saracenes that firste receiued the brainesicke wickednesse of this countrefeicte prophete dwelte in that parte of Arabia that is called Petrea wher it entrecommuneth with Iewry on the one side and with Egipt on the other So named of Sarracum a place nere vnto the Nabatheis or rather as thei woulde haue it them selues of Sara Abrahams wife Wherupon thei yet sticke faste in this opinion that thei onely of al meÌ„ are the lawfull heires of goddes beheste Thei gaue them selues to tilthe and cattle and to the warres But the greater parte to the warres And therfore at what time they ware hired of Heraclius in the warres againste the persians when he had gotten the victory and thei perceiued them selues to be defrauded by him kindled with the angre of the villanye thei had had done vnto them by the counsell and perswasion of Mahomet who tooke vppon him to be their captaine thei forsoke Heraclius And going into Siria enuaded Damasco Wher when thei had encreased them selues bothe in nombre and purueiaunce necessary for them thei entred into Egipte And subdued firste that then Persis then Antioche then Ierusalem Thus their power and fame daily so encreaced and grewe that men muche feared that any thing afterwarde shoulde be able to resiste them In the meane season the Turkes a ferâ—e and a truell people of the nation of the Scithiens driuen out by their neighbours fro the mountaines called Caspij came downe by the passage of the mouÌ„te Cancasus firste into Asia the lesse then into Armenia Media and Perâ—is And by stronge hande wanne all as they came Against these the Saracenes went forth as to defende the bordres of their gouernaunce But forasmuche as this newe-come power was to harde for them the Saracenes within a while felleinto such despaire of their state that vppon condition that the other would receiue Mahometes belief thei ware content thei â—hold reigne felowlike together with them in Persis Wherto when thei had agreed it was harde to save whether of the peoples had receiued the greater dammage The Saracenes in yelding to them the haulf right of their kingdome or the other whiche for coueteousnes therof yelded them selues to so rancke and wicked a poyson of all vertue and godlynes One bonde of belief then so coupled and ioyned them that for a space it made to them no matier whether ye called them all by one name Saracenes or Turkes But nowe as ye se the name of the Turkes hath gotten the bettre hande the other is out of remembraunce This people vseth moe kindes of horseme theÌ„ one Thei haue Thimarceni that is to saye Pencioners aboute a foure skore thousande These haue giuen vnto them by the kinge houses villages and Castles euery one as he deserueth in the steade of his wages or pencion And thei attende vppon the Sensacho or capitaine of that quarter wher their possessions lye At this daye the Turkes are deuâ—ded into two armies the one for Asie and the other for Europe And either hath a chief teine at whose leading thei are These cheifteimes in their tongue be called Bassay Ther are also another sorte much lyke to our aduenturers that serue withoute wages called Aconizie And these euer are spoiling afore when the campe is yet behynde The fiueth parte of their butine is due vnto the king And these are aboute a fourty thousande Their thirde sorte of horsemen is deuided into Charippos Spahiglauos Soluphtaros The beste and worthiest of these are the Charippie of an honourable ordre of knight hode as it ware for the kinges body And those be euer about him to the nombre of eyghte hundred all Scithians and Persians and elles of none other kinde of menne These when nede is being in the sighte of the kinge fight notably and do wondrefull feates on horsebacke Spahy and Soluphtary be those whiche haue bene at the kinges bringing vp froÌ„ their childehode to serue his filthy abhomination And when thei are come to mannes state thei marye at the kynges pleasure And be enriched bothe with the dowery of their wife and a stipende These for the moste parte serue for embassadours deputies lieutenauntes and suche other dignities and are nerte vnto the kinge on bothe sides of him when he goeth any whether as a garde Thei are in nombre a thousande and thre huÌ„dred Among the footemen are thre sortes Ianizarie these be chosen all the Empire ouer of xij yeres of age or there aboute by certein that haue Commission for the purpose And are for a space enstructed in the feactes of warre in commune schooles And then aftrewarde are thei chosen into souldie and haue giuen them a shorter garmente and a white cappe with a tarfe tourned vpwarde Their weapon is a Targette a Curtilase and a Bowe Their office is to fortifie the Campe and to assaulte cities Thei are in nombre about twentie thousande The seconde sorte are called Asappi and are all footemen of light harnnesse weaponed with swearde target and a kinde of long Iauelines wherwith thei â—â—ea
women And in the Temples of their Goddes a Sacrificer roialle whiche is to saie in effecte a highe Prieste of the dignitie of a kyng Archeflamines Flamines of honour and other Flamines inferiour and laste in degree their Priestes And by like ordre emong the Hebrues an highe Bisshoppe and inferiour Priestes Leuites Nazareis candle quenchers commaunders of Spirites Churche Wardeines and Syngers whiche wee calle Chauntours aftre the Frenche And amoÌ„g the Grekes Capiteines or heades ouer a thousande ouer an hundred ouer fiuetie ouer teÌ„ne and ouer fiue And that there ware yet beside these bothe emong the Hebrues and the Romaines many couentes or compaignies of menne and women Religious As Sadduceis Esseis and Phariseis emong the Hebrues Salios Diales and Vestalles emong the Romaines The moste holy Apostles did all consente that Petre and thei that should folowe him in the seate of Rome should for euermore be called Papa As who would saie father of fathers the vniuersalle Apostolicalle moste holy and moste highe bishoppe And that he should at Rome be Presidente ouer the vniuersalle Churche as the Emperour there was ruler of the vniuersall worlde And to matche the Consulles whiche ware euer twaine thei appoincted fowre head Fathers in the Greke named Patriarches one at Constantinople another at Antioche a thirde at Alexandrie and the fowrthe at Hierusalem In the place of the Senatours thei tooke the Cardinalles To matche their kynges whiche had three Dukes at commaundemente thei deuised Primates To whom ware subiecte thre Archebishoppes So that the Archebishoppe or Metropolitane standeth in the place of a Duke For as the Duke had certein Erles or Barones at his commaundemente so haue the Archbisshoppes other inferiour Bisshoppes at theirs whiche also by reason muste rountreuaile an Erle The Bisshoppes roadintour or Suffragane came into the Presidentes place Thordenarie into the Deputies then did the Officialle matche with the Mareshalle And with the high conestable for the coÌ„munes the Bishoppes Chauncelour And for the Pretour or Prouoste thei sette vp an ArchedeacoÌ„ In stede of the CeÌ„turiane was a Deane appoincted And for the Disnere the Persone or Vicare For the Aduocates crept in the Parisshe Prieste Soule Prieste Chaunterie Prieste Morowe Masse Prieste and suche other The Deacon standeth for the Surueiour The Subdeacon for the Serieaunte For the two Conestables came in the two CoÌ„maunders of Spirites called Exorcistae in the Greke The Collectours office was matched with the Churche wardeines The Porter became the Serteine The ChauÌ„tour Scribe and Lister kiepe stille their name The Atholite whiche we calle Benet and Cholet occupieth the roume of Candlebearer All these by one commune name thei called Clerj of the Greke woorde Cleros that is to saie a Lotte For that thei ware firste from among the people so allotted vnto God Thereof cometh our terme Clerque and his cosine Clergie Neuerthelesse this name Clergie was not so commune vnto all but that it siemed moste proprely to reste in the seuende grees that the Pope of Rome vsed for his Ministres when he saied Masse in persone him self That is to saâ—e the Bishoppe the Priest the Deacon subdeacon the Acholite and the ChauÌ„tour Vnto euery of these gaue thei in the church their seueralle dignities officies appareile To the Bishoppe was giuen aucthâ—ritie to ordeine and make other Clerckes To* enueile virgines That is to â—ie to make â—onnes to hallow them To consecrate their likes and their superiours also To laie handes vpon theÌ„ To confirme and Bisshoppe childreÌ„ To hallowe Churches To put Priestes from their Priesthode and to degrade theim when thei deserue it To kiepe ConuocacioÌ„s and Sinodes To make holy oile to hallowe the ornamentes and vesselles of the churche And to do also other thinges that the inferiour Priestes doe To enstructe those that be newly come to the faithe To Christiane to make the Sacramente of the Altare and to giue it to other To absolue the repetaunte of their sinnes and to fectre the stubberne more streighte To shewe furthe the Gospelle To enioyne all Priestres to shaue their heades in the croune like a circle of .iiii. fingres brode aftre the maner of the Nazareis To kepe their heare shorte to weare no bearde And to liue chaaste for euer Their liuyng onely to rise of the firste fruictes tenthes and offringes and vttrely to be voide of all temporalle and Laiemennes cares and businesse To be honestlie appareiled and accordyngly to vse their passe and conuersacion Onely to serue God and the churche DiligeÌ„tly to plye the reading of holy scripture the they them selues mighte perfectly knowe all thinges perceining to Christian religioÌ„ wherin thei are bouÌ„d to enstructe other The companies or coueÌ„tes of religious aswel men as women are Benedictines Preachers Franciscanes Augustines Barnardines Anthonines IohaÌ„nites Cisternois and innumerable other whiche al haue their habite and maner of liuing by them selfe acordinge to the rule that echeone priuately prescibed to them selues And liued for the moste parte a solitary life professing chastitie pouretie and perpetualle obedience And for their solitarines the Greke called them Monachi Some of these haue for their heades Abbotes some Priours whiche are either subiecte to the Pope onely or to the bishoppes Al these vsed coules much aftre one facioÌ„ but in colour diuers ab stained fro fleshe The bisshoppes when thei say masse haue â—v holy garmentes aftre the maner of Moyses lawe for the perfectioÌ„ of theÌ„ His boatewes his Amice â–ª an Albe a Girdle a Stole a Maniple a Tunicle of violette in graine fringed his gloues ringe and chesible or vestimente a Sudarie The latine calleth it a shiepe hooke a cope a mitre and a * crosse staffe And a chaire at the Aultares ende wherin he sitteth Of the whiche .vi. are commune to euery inferiour prieste the Amice the Albe the girdle the stole the Maniple and the vestiment But ouer and aboue all these the Pope by the gifte of Constantine the greate hath libertie to weare al the ornamentes Imperialle That is to saye a kirtle of skarlet a robe of Purple a sceptre and a close corone With the whiche aftre he hath rauisshed him selfe in the vestrie vppon solempne feastes when he enteÌ„deth to do masse he commeth forth to the aultare hauing on the right side a prieste on the lefte side a Deacon a Subdeacon going before him with a booke faste shutte two candle bearers and an encensour with the censoure in his hande smoking When he is comeÌ„ to the griessinges the stayers or foote of the aultare That is he saieth confiteor putting of his mitre he maketh open * confession of his sinnes together with his company That done he goeth vp to the aultare openeth the booke lienge vpon the lefte corner of the same kysseth it and so procedeth in the SolempnisacioÌ„ of the Masse The subdeacon readeth the epistle and the Deacon the godspelle Priestes of al degrees are charged to prayse
whiche we calle churching of childe In memorie wherof the churche vseth that daye solempne procession and halowing of candles The fiue and twentieth of Marche howe the aungel brought woorde to the virgin Marte that Christ shoulde be borne of her being conceyued in her wombe by the ouershadowing of the holy ghoste At the whiche time they willed vs to faste the fourtie daies that he fasted him selfe being with vs vppon earth and to renewe the remembraunce of his passion and deathe whiche he willingly susteined to deliuer vs fro the yoke and bondage of the deuell The laste day of that faste which oftentimes falleth in Aprille to celebrate the highest feaste in al the yere in remembraunce howe he ouercame deathe descended into helle vanquisshed the deuell and retourned againe on liue and appeared in glorious wyse vnto his scholers or disciples In Maye howe all those his scholers loking vpoÌ„ him he by his owne vertue anâ— mighte stied vp into the heauens At the whiche time by thordenaunce of saincte Mamerte bishoppe of Vienne there be made ganginges with the lesse Letanies from one Churche to another all Christendome ouer In Iune and somtime in Maie how the holy ghoste promised to the disciples giuen from aboue appered to them like glowing tongues and gaue them to vndrestande to speake the tonges of al nacioÌ„s Theight daie folowing Trinitie Sondaie The fiueth daie aftre that how Christe in his laste supper for a continualle remembraunce of himself instituted the moste holsome SacrameÌ„te of his bodie and bloud vndre the fourme of breade and wine leauyng it to be sene and eaten of his The fiuetenth of Iuly how the blessed Apostles acordyng as thei ware coÌ„maunded the twelueth yere aftre the Ascencion of their Master into heauen wente their waies into the vniuersalle worlde to Preache vnto all people The departyng of Christes mother out of this life the fiuetenth daie of Auguste And her Natiuitie theight of Septembre And th one and twentie of Nâ—uembre how she from thre yeres of age at the whiche tyme she was presented to the temple vntill she was mariage able remained there seruing God stil a peate And theight of Decembre how she was of her parentes begotten that longe afore had bene barreine The second daie of Iulie how Elisabethe passyng the Mounteines visited her kind eswoman There wars also certeine holie daies appoincted to the .xii. Apostles To certeine Martyres Confessours and Virgines As the fowre and twentieth of Februarie to saincte Matthie To saincte Marke the Euangeliste the .xxv. of Aprille Vpon the whiche daie Gregorie ordeined the greate Letanies to be songâ— The firste of Maie is hallowed for Philippe and Iames the more The .xxix. of Iune for Petre and Paule the .xxiiij. of the same for the Natiuitie of S. Ihon Baptiste The .xxv. of Iuly for Iames the lesse For Bartholomewe the fowre twentie of August For Mathewe the one and twentie of Septembre And the eight and twentie of Octobre for SimoÌ„ and Iude. The last of Nouembre for S Andrewe The one and twentie of Decembre for saincte Thomas And the .vij. and twentie of thesame moneth for IhoÌ„ the EuaÌ„gelist The daie before for Stephin the first Martire And the daie aftre for the Innocentes The tenth of August for sainct Laurence And the thre twentie of Aprille for saincte George Of all the Confessours there are no moe that haue holidaies appoincted but S. Martine and saincte Nicholas The firste on the eleuenth of Nouembre and the other the sixteth of Decembre Ratherine the virgine the fiue and twentie of Nouembre and Marie Magdalene the twentie and two of Iuly There is also vndre the name of saincte Michael alone the .xxix. of Septembre a holy daie for all blessed Angelles And one other in commune for all the sainâ—tes and chosen of GOD the firste of Nouembre Thei would also that euery seuenthe daie should be hallowed of the Christianes by the name of Sondaie as the Iewes doe their Sabboth restyng from all worldly woorke and beyng onely occupied with praising of GOD and the deuine Seruice in the Churche To learne by the Priestes preachyng the Gospelle and the commaundementes of our faith And by what meanes so euer we thinke in our conscience we haue prouoked the wrathe of God against vs all the wieke afore that this daie to amende to sette cliert and aske pardone for In time past tuery Thursdaie also was kepte as the Sondaie But because we mighte sieme therein somewhat to gratefie the Heathen whiche that daie kepte solempne holie daie to Iupiter their Idolle it was laied doune againe More ouer the clerkes and the people vsed bothe Thursdaie and Sondaie before Masse to go round aboute the Churche a Procession and the Prieste to sprinckle the people with holy watre Agapitus instituted the one and the other The Thursdaie in remembraunce of Thristes Ascencion and the Sondaie of his glorious Resurrection whiche we celebrate fro Sondaie to SoÌ„daie continually ones euery eight daies The night afore euery ordenary holidaie or feaste full daie the whole clergie and the people ware bounde to kiepe Vigile in euery churche That is to saie to wake all nighte in deuine seruice and praier But vpon consideracion of many slaunderous crimes and offences that ware by diuers naughtie and malicious persones committed by the oportunitie of the darke this maner was taken awaie and or deined that the daie before the feaste should be fasted whiche yet kiepeth stille the name of Vigile The fathers decreed that the churche in the whole yere should renue the memorie of fiue thynges Fro the Sondaie called Septuagesima because there are seuentie daies betwiene that and the octauaes of Easter thei would vs to renue the memorie of Thristes Fasting Passion Death Be wrialle The miserable falle also of our first parentes and those extreme errours of mankinde by the whiche thei ware ledde awaie fro the knowledge and worshippe of one verte GOD to the wicked supersticion and honour of Idolles and deuelles And further the greuous and intollerable bondage that the people of Israell suffred vndre the Pharao of Egipte Vpon whiche consideracion the bookes of Genesis and Erodus be redde in the seruice of the churche Whiche sheweth then in all her demeanour and appareilyng heauinesse and sorowe From the octauaes of Easter to the octauaes of Whitsontide Christes Resurrection and Ascencion with the commyng of the holy Ghoste And together with that the redempcion reconciliacioÌ„ and at onement of mankinde with God the father throughe Iesus Christe and the restoryng againe of the children of Israell to the lande of beheste Wherein was prefigured our reconciliacion and redempcion aforesaied For that cause is all the seruice out of the newe TestameÌ„t and al thinges done with ioie gladnes From the octauaes of Whitsontide till Aduente rx. wiekes space and more thei would haut to bee celebrated the coÌ„uersacion of Christe here in the worlde with his miracles and woorkes of wondre And
his fathers substance acordyng to that I haue appoincted in the Lawes let hym not be suffered so to doe For it fitteth not with equitie that the elder should be putte beside the enheritauÌ„ce of his father because thother passeth him by the mothers side Who so defâ—oureth a maideÌ„ betrouthed to another she beyng afore perswaded and consentyng to thesame let theÌ„ bothe dye together Because thei are bothe indiffereÌ„tly wicked He for his perswasion of the maide to suffre so filthie a dishonour and to preferre that wickednes before lawful mariage and she for that she consented to abandon her bodie to dishonestie either for pleasure or lucres sake But if the manne haue done this diede hauyng gotten her alone in some place where she could haue no defendour lette him alone die Who so defâ—oureth a Virgine not yet betrouthed to another lette thesame marie her But if the father be not contented to knitte her with hym let the transgressour paie fiuetie* Sicles The Sicle is iudged â–ª â—â—â—s sterlyng as a dime taxed for the iniurie done He that will be deuorced froÌ„ his wife dwellyng with hym for what so euer cause it be as there happen many vnto men let him confirme by writing that he neuer had diede of matrimonie with her That is to saie that he neuer carnally knewe her and so shall she receiue power to dwel with another whiche afore ware wickednes And if also she agree not wel with the seconde or that he beyng deade the former would marie her againe let it not be lawfull for her to retourne vnto him The housebande of one that lacketh issue beyng deade let his brother marie the widowe And the child betwene them borne let hym nourishe vp to the succession of the enheritaunce namyng hym aftre the name of the dead For if ye shall doe thus it shall make muche for your commune wealthe in that the name of the kindredes shall neuer be extincte and the possessions shal alwaies remaine vnto the bloud And it shall be a comforte of sorowe vnto the woman now dwellyng with the nexte kindesman of her former housebande But if the brother wille not marie her let the widowe before the Senate or couÌ„saile thus testifie That where she was willyng to remaine stille in the lignage and to beare children by him he will not admit her But rather findeth in his harte to offende against the name memorie of his brother And the Counsaile demauÌ„ding for what cause he abhorreth the mariage whether he shall shewe a cause of weight or of no weight lette them encline therunto But as for the widowe of his Brother plucking of his shoes and spittinge in his face lette her saye vnto him that he is worthie to suffre this ignominie at her hande for that he hathe founde in his harte to hindre and empaire the name and memorialle of the deade And lette him thus departe out of the senate hauing this reproche during his lyfe and let her mary to whome soeuer she wille that shall afterwarde require her If any manne shall haue taken prisoner in the warres a mayden or maried womaÌ„ and be desirous to haue her fellowshippe of bodie let him not touche her bedde or body before that she being tonsed and hauing taken on her mourning wiede haue be moued her kinsfolke and friendes that perisshed in the warre That when she shall haue satisfied and appeased the dolour that she coÌ„ceiued for theÌ„ she may then conuerte her selfe to the baÌ„quet and mariage For it is a goodly and a decent thing for a maÌ„ that goeth about to get him selfe an honeste wife to seke how to cure her greued minde and not to neglecte her fauour in pursuing only his owne pleasure And thirty daies beinge ones passed thus for that is enough to those that are of discretioÌ„ to bemourne euen their derest beloued let her then go to and mary But if he at the first hauing satisfied his luste waxe full of her and refuse her to wyfe let him not haue power to make her bonde but lette her go wheâ— she wille at free libertie If ther shal be founde any younge men contempninge their parentes or not yeldinge dewe honour vnto them either of shamefacednes or sette purpose of despighte Firste for that the parentes are wonte to be fittest iudges ouer their children lette theyr fathers with woordes correcte them Sayeng that thei ioyned not matrimonie betwiene their mothers and theÌ„ for pleasures sake or to encreace their substaunce in layeng eche others goodes together in commune but to opteine children that mighte nourisshe theÌ„ in their age ministre vnto them what thei lacke After thou warte one 's come in to this worlde we diligeÌ„tly brought the vp with gladnes greate thaÌ„kes vnto god for the sparinge nothinge that mighte sieme in any wyse to make for thy sauftie profite and enstruction in all honeste knowledge Nowe therfore for that it is miete for men to beare with the faultes of youthe lette it suffice the hetherto to haue neclegted thy dewe reuerence vnto vs and come againe nowe into the right waye CoÌ„fidering that God him self hainously taketh that that is coÌ„mitted against the father for that he him selfe beinge father of all mankinde siemeth to be offended wheÌ„ offence is coÌ„mitted againste those that beare the name of father with him and can not haue of their children that whiche is dewe vnto them And the law against all suche is an vnmercifulle iudge the whiche we wisshe childe thou shouldest not proue And if by these admonicioÌ„s the lewdenesse of the younge man shal be redressed and amended lette them be quyte of reproche for their misdemeanour and offences For by this meanes bothe the lawe maker shal become commeÌ„dable and the fathers fortunate whiche shall neither see sonne ne doughter punisshed But if the parentes woordes and good enstruction to amende shal not availe but that thei wyll with continual dishonours and oultrages against them make the lawes their implacable ennemies lette him be broughte for the of the Citie by the parentes them selues and the multitude folowing and lette him be stoned to death And when he hathe lyen all the daye for all menne to loke vpon lette him be buried in the nighte So let them also be handeled that are coÌ„dempned of any capitalle crime by the lawe aftre what sorte so euer it be Lette euin the very ennemie be engraued and lette no corps lie withoute buriall For that ware a punisshement beyonde coÌ„science It shall not be lawfull for ye to make any lone to any of the Hebrues either for vsury or gaine For it is not sittinge that menne of one lignage should seke gaine with that that God sente them But to iudge it raither gaine to haue holpeÌ„ his necessitie and to thincke that he shall so hothe deserue his thancke and be requyted of God for his gentlenesse Thei that haue borowed eyther siluer or any parcell of moyste frutes or dried let theÌ„ referringe
the matier to their conscience that lent them paye againe their leÌ„ders with good will and gladnesse thincking that the thing so restored is laide vp euin in their owne house and custodye And that it shal be at all times ready agayne for them when thei lacke it But yf they shal be shameles in profering payenge it home againâ— lette them not so muche as go home for a gauge before sentence be giuen vppon them by the iudge And as for the gauge lette them requyre it of some neighbour abrode and let the debtour him self without contradiction bringe it to the creditour nowe enterprising vpon him with the aide of the lawe And if he that hathe gauged be a manne of substaunce lette the creditour kepe the gauge vntle the restitutioÌ„ of the lone be made But if he be poore let him redeliuer it before the sonne set Specially if the pledge be a garmente that he maye haue it to slepe with acording to goddes tendrenesse that naturally pitieth the poore As for his querne or any toole of his shalte thou not take to pledge lesse thei should also be diffurnished of the instrumentes perteininge to the necessitie of their liuinge and so be driuen for niedsnesse to greater inconuenience Let him that hath robbed a man be punisshed with deathe But lette him that shall haue picqued either Golde or siluer paye the double Who so euer shall haue slayne the thiefe in the robbinge of his house lette him be vnpunisshed Yea thoughe he ware but vndermininge his house or making his entry therinto He that hath stollen any maner of beast let him restore the value iiij folde But if the same be a labouringe oxe he shall restore the value v. folde And he that shal not be able to paye the somme dewe for the damage shal be bonde vnto them to whome the beaste stollen shal be knowen to apperteine A manne solde vnto his kindesman shal be bonde to him sixe yeres and the seuenth yere he shal be free againe But if he shall fortune to haue a childe by some bondewoman ther and for the loue and fauour of her and his childe be content to serue stille lette him be made free in the yere of Iubiley whiche is the fiuetieth yere be deliuered with his wife and children free also If any manne shall finde in the hyghe way either golde or siluer let him shewe the place where he founde it and sekinge aftre him that loste it ' restore it him againe Iudginge the profighte which redoundeth vnto him by another mannes losse not to be good Likewyse shall be done with any kinde of catteille that a man shal fortune to fijnde a straye in any place And if the owner of the same shall not straight waye be knowen lette him kepe it with him at home saulfe Protesting GOD that he entended not to tourne aside or hide out of the waye any thing that is another mannes Lette it not be lawfulle for any man to passe by a beaste in any sorte euil bestradde or falleÌ„ in the myre but let him helpe and relieue it iudginge it to be his owne propre grief Let them also shew the waye vnto them that are ignoraunte and not go aboute to make them selues game in settinge them wronge and so hinderinge their coÌ„moditie In like maner lette no man saye euil against him that is absent or deafe A man hurte in a fraye where ther was no weapon vsed shal incoÌ„tineÌ„t be reuenged he that hurte him beynge made to suffce the like But if he shal be caried home vpon the hurte and aftre he hath lien sicke a good space shal fortune to salle in and be marred let him in who the faulte is paie the worth of the beaste to the owner Let theim be fensed also aboute to kiepe of suche thinges as otherwise by sliding or rolling might perishe Who so euer hath taken any thing of another maÌ„nes to kepe let him kepe it eueÌ„ as a relique And let no persone consente to defraude any manne of thing so betaken to his truste Neither manne nor woman no though he might game by it thousandes of poundes as beyng sure that no witnesse could chardge him with all â–ª For out of all peraduenture it behoueth euery man to deale iuffly euen for conscience sake as hauing himself a full witnesse against himself Let euery man therefore doe those thinges that maie cause him to be praised of other hauyng before him principally the reuerence of God From whom no lewdenesse can be hidden But if it shall fortune this man so put in truste to lose the thing coÌ„mitted to his custodie and cannot be founde to meane any practise of knauery or deceipt in the matier Let him go vnto the seuen Iudges and there sweare by God that nothing therof was loste by his wille or throughe his defaulte nor no piece of it occupied for him and so let him departe acquited therof But if he haue occupied neuer so liâ—le a part of the thinge so deliuered to his custodie and haue so lost the same lette him be condempned to make recoÌ„pence for the whole that he receiued Like as I haue saied for the saulfe keping of thinges if any manne shall with holde the hire of the labouryng manne that toileth and drudgeth with his body let hym remembre that the wages of the poore ought not to be kepte backe As the thing whiche god hath giueÌ„ him knowe thou well in steade of lande and other possessions Furthwith therefore conteÌ„te him without delaie the same daie For God wille not haue the labourer defrauded of the profite of his labours Punishe not the sonne for the fathers faulte but let the children rather that are founde vertuous be tendred and pitied for that thei haue so leude fathers or mothers and not hated because their parentes be vicious No the naughtines of the sonne is not to be imputed to the parentes neither consideryng that young men will doe many thinges contrarie to the discipline of their parentes vppon a self-willed wilfulnesse that thincketh skorne to be taught As for the redgeling or guelâ— persone lette him be abborred and his compaignie shonned of al menne as one whose manhode is as a manne would saie curtalled or clipped awaie and the fruicte of engendrure whiche God gauâ— vnto man for the encrease of our kinde for his parte destroied Yea let theim bee hunted out of all mennes compaignie as murderers of maÌ„kinde in taking await that that should haue bene the cause of issue aftrewarde For why it is euidente that because thei had loste tofore al manlines of minde therefore thei like wise be came conformable of bodie So shall ye also doe with what so euer thing it bee that siemeth moÌ„struous to the beholders It shall not be holden lawfull emong ye to guelde manne woman or beaste And now let these bee as statutes and lawes peaceablie and quietlie to ioine ye into one commune wealthe And the tendrenes of God when he shall see it