patern of modesty Cornelia Daughter to Scipio Africanus that conquered Hannibal were young men of incomparable wit and elocution but too much addicted to popularity This made them relinquish the Lords and court the People with whom to ingratiate themselves they passed the Lex Agraria for division of the publick lands between the Lords and Commons which Law though grounded upon a fundamentall Right was the firebrand to a sedition quenched in the blood of these two Brothers Tiberius being slain as he was making a Speech to the people by the hand of Publius Nassica the Pontifex Maximus and Caius when he had fortified the Capitoline Mount by the command of the Consul Opimius Plutarch in Caio Tiberio Verse 35. Milo T. Annius Milo from the Papian Family adopted by T. Annius his maternal Grand-father slew Clodius Tribune of the People that had many seditions and dangerous designes against the Republick for which reason Cicero intended to make the people favourable to the Murtherer and spake in his behalf but not that Oration which is at this day to be seen among his works and that afterwards coming to the hand of Milo then banished to Masilia where he lived in extreme want Oh sayes Milo if Cicero had spoke this I had not gathered worms in Masilia Nonn in Romanorum Historiam Verse 36. Verres Caius Verres was first Questor to Cneius Carbo then Legate and Proquestor to Cneius Dolabella both which he betrayed When Lucullus and Cotta were Consuls he was made Praetor Urbanus or Lord chief Justice of Rome and after the discharge of that office Praetor of Sicily where he exercised his authority with so much lust avarice and cruelty that the Sicilians sued him upon the Law De pecuniis repetundis to make him refund and in their favour Cicero managed the accusation against him with so much vigor and art that when Verres saw how his Patron Hortensius was over matched he withdrew into voluntary exile where after he had rested free from any further molestation for twenty six years he was by the Triumviri proscribed and slain Plin. lib. 34. The cause of his proscription was for denying to Mark Antony certain antique pieces of Corynthian plate which that Triumvir much desired Seneca saies he died like a stout man but it seeems he had lived like a thief one that robbed not one man not one City but all Sicily See Cicero in Verrinis Asconius Pedianus and Lactautius lib. 2. Verse 36. Clodius Clodius Cicero's capitall enemy made himself be adopted by a Plebeian only that he might be one of the body of the people to vote Cicero out of Rome Cicero ad Atticum lib. 1. He was an Adulterer most impudent and sacrilegious for he came to the solemnity of the Good Goddess where it was unlawfull for any man to be present in the habit of a singing-Woman Sat. 6. to meet Julius Caesar's wife Plutarch which occasioned the Julian Law that made adultery death He married his own Neece enjoyed three Sisters and corrupted Metella Daughter to the religious Pontifex Maximus that lost his eyes with zealous care to preserve the Temple of Pallas when it was on fire Sat. 3. Or he that sav'd our Pallas from the flame Verse 37. Catiline A Roman for his conspiracy against his Country made famous by the pen of Cicero Catiline's fellow Conspirators were Lentulus Cethegus Statilius Gabinius Ceparius you may read their whole Plot at large in Salust and Cicero's Orat. against Catiline Verse 38. Sylla 's three Scholars Caesar Anthony and Lepidus imitating in the beginning of their Triumvirate the bloody Roll of their Tutor in the Art of Government Sylla See Sylla in the Comment upon the first Satyr Verse 39. One lately married his own Neece This might be Claudius Caesar that after he had put to death his Empress Messalina married Agrippina his own brothers Daughter Mother to Nero the Senate dispensing with the incestuous Marriage and she lest she might bring a Coheir to her Son Nero took potions and receipts to make her part with her conceptions which deformed Embrions or Abortives could not choose but be very like her Uncle their Father for he was as the Mother of Antonius used to call him a monster of men a thing begun by nature but not finished And after the violation of the Law in this marriage with his Neece he revived the Julian Law which made adultery death not only a terrible Law to Men but that would have reached Mars and Venus too if Vulcans Counsell might have pleaded it Others to whose opinion I subscribe understand this One to be Domitian Caesar that was like wise very ugly and married his own Neece Julia here named Daughter to the delight of mankinde his noble Brother Titus forcing her to take so many drugs to prevent the danger of child-bearing that by seeking to preserve he destroyed her Verse 45. Scauran Counterfeits Aemilius Scaurus born of noble but poor parents raised himself by his elocution to the dignity of Consul He having once been so poor that he was forced to trade in Charcoal for a lively-hood In his Consulship he triumphed for his victory over the Ligurians and Cantisci when he was Censor he made the Aemilian Way and built the Aemilian Bridge He commanded his Son Scaurus for giving ground to an enemy never to come into his sight again the sense of which ignominy made so deep an impression in the bashfull youth that he slew himself Plin. But as the best interpretation of Scauran Counterfeits Salust in his Jugurthines gives this character of Aemilius Scaurus He was a person noble active factious and bold but he had the art of concealing his vices After the expiration of his Consulship when he was Consular and Prince of the Senate the House sent him Ambassador to King Jugurth to diswade him from assaulting Cirra and besieging Adherbal Verse 48. Laronia A wanton but a witty Lady that tells the sowre Philosophy-monger that Cato Major Censor by his office and his Nephew whose constancy was admired by the Romans being now in their ashes it seems a third Cato was come from heaven meaning this censorious Stoick but whilest she thus looks upon him as upon a kinde of God she takes notice that he is in something lesse then a Man for she findes that he weares a perfume and desires to know his Drugster that she might buy at the same Shop such essences being as proper for her sex as contrary to his severe profession Verse 54. The Law Scantinian Caius Scantinius being accused by Caius Marcellus for offering to force his Son a Law passed in Senate that set a Fine of 10000 H.S. upon the like attempt and the foul Offender was either to pay the whole summe or his life Verse 66. Arachne Idmon's Daughter a Lydian Maid that had the vanity to challenge the Goddess Pallas to weave with her and being disgraced by the Goddess despaired and had hanged her self but that Pallas as a monument of
he was Generall in the Latian war dreamed the victory would fall to them whose Generall should be slain Taking this for a Revelation from the Gods he charged the enemy so far till he got that which he came for his death Whilst the Roman Army fought to fetch off his body his dream proved true for the Victory fell to them The second Decius in the Hetrurian warre devoted his life in these words Vpon my head be all the miseries that threaten my Country presently he was slain and the Romans had the day From the premisses Juvenal concludes that in the Estimate of the Gods the Decii were equall to the State of Rome because these two private persons were by commutation accepted for the whole Republik Verse 329. He. Servius Tullius Son to Oericulana a bond-woman After the murder of Tarquinius Priscus by the Sons of Ancus Martius S. Tullius was crowned King of Rome Val. He reigned 44 years Verse 331. Tarquin Tarquin the proud the seventh and last King of Rome He succeeded Servius Tullius but yet as my Author sayes Servius was the last good King of Rome If he had been as fortunate as good he had never married this Tarquin to his Daughter Tullia that with his Pride joyned her Cruelty and exercised it by his hand upon her Father only that she might be Queen a little before her time But Tarquin was a great Souldier He conquered the Latines and the Sabines He took Suessa from the Hetrusci Gabii was delivered to him by his Son Sextus that fled into the Town pretending himself an Enimy to his Father He first instituted the Latine Feriae When he built the Capitol in diging for the foundation the workmen found a man's head the Soothsayers being asked what it signified answered a Tower built upon that foundation should be the head of the world At last when his Son Sextus had ravished Lucrece I. Brutus that fearing his Tyranny had long counterfeited madness appeared like himself headed the Romans against Tarquin He fled to Porsenna King of Hetruria To re-establish him Porsenna made war against the Romans but in vain Liv. Plut. Yet Tarquin once had almost recovered his Crown for Titus and Tiberius the Sons of Junius Brutus undertook to deliver up a Gate of Rome to Sextus Tarquin but they were discovered by Vindicius a Slave for which discovery he was made a Freeman afterwards the Rod laid upon the head of a Slave when they manumitted or made him free was called Vindicta But Titus and Tiberius were for this offence put to death by their Father like Slaves being first whipt and then beheaded In the war made by King Porsenna in favour of the Tarquins Horatius Cocles stood him and his whole Army till the Bridge over Tiber was broken then although he had an Arrow in his thigh he took the River and swam safely to the Roman Host Liv. lib 2. Afterwards at the election of Magistrates one jeering him with his lame leg he answered Every one remembers me of my honour It was likewise in this war that Mutius Scaevola having sworn to kill Porsenna then lying with his forces before the City of Rome by mistake slew his Secretary and being brought before the King when he saw his error for anger that his Country was not delivered of Porsenna by his hand he cut it off Liv. ibid. Lastly in this very war Claelia with divers other Ladies the greatest beauties of Rome were given to Porsenna for Hostages but she freed her self and all her Company For Claelia pretending some Religious Ceremonies were to be performed by washing in the River Tiber made the Keepers in modesty stand at distance till the Ladies following her swam to the Romans whose Dominions at that time reached no further then the River That Claelia went not on foot to the water side may be collected from the Statue on horse-back which the Romans set up in honour of her courage in the Via sacra Verse 239. Thersites Homer with great reason calls him of all the besiegers of Troy the ugliest he was so both in body and mind read his description Iliad lib. 2. For his foul mouth Achilles gave him a box on the ear which silenced the Rogue for ever Verse 340. Achilles See the Comment upon Sat. 1. Verse 344. Asylum Rome was first an Asylum or Sanctuary for all kinds of Rogues and the Founder of it Romulus was a Shepherd or Juvenal is very loath to goe further if he should in reference to the murder of Remus he must call Romulus Parracide The ninth Designe MAy 1 Juvenal believe his eyes is this A real or mock-Metomorphosis Spruce 2 Naevolus her Ladiship 's Gallant His Lordship's Droll the Wit come now to Want Where 's all thy jeasts thy self thou might'st propose If thou could'st speak which would be through the nose Where 's thy new Gown where is the Jesemin Which all that head of hair was butter'd in I little thought to meet thee alter'd thus Thou look'st pale like the Ghost of Naevolus And witther'd as a Witch with such a beard Vpon thy chin where not a hair appear'd But with a plaster it was straight pluckt off Thou hast got likewise a consumptive cough Is all the strength old women so cry'd up Shrunk into this smal Vrn thy Cawdle-cup There 's 3 Isis worship't at her Temple-Gate On their old Mistresses those 4 Beggers wait That once as high in Female favour stood As ever thou hast done their limbs as good And end in thy decrepitness they must A Cripple still speaks th' Epilogue to Lust. Figura Nona NUm credes oculis Juvenalis 1 vera figura est An metamorphosi quâdam se lumina fallunt Deliciae ne mihi Dominarum Naevolus 2 olim Obvius it Procerúmque sales Morio Romae Quà m tristis veste vultu si venajocandi Aruerit possis vel te proponere ludum Per nasi vitium nisi vox malè mulceat aurem Quò toga amice nitens tibi quò defluxit amomum Quod solet horrentem sylvam illinire comarum Non sic mutato sperabam occurrere palles Vmbra velut spectrum non Naevolus Ipse vidêris Canidiam rugâ mentiris indice barbâ Quam nupèr suetus fuerat convellere dropax Vnde aegri veteris tibi facta domestica tussis An tot matronis jactata probatáque virtus Langueat in juris miserè conclusa patellam Isidis aspicias 3 Fanum quo turpia pangunt Foedera truncatum 4 cernas ibi Cypridis agmen Emeritúmque suis quondam hi placuêre Puellis Quaeque tuo par horum inerat quoque gratia nervo Nec diversa manent te certò Naevole fata Clauditur in Veneris Ludis scena ultima manco The Manners of Men. THE NINTH SATYR OF JUVENAL The ARGUMENT A Dialogue the Poet frames Where poor lewd Naevolus declames That nothing now th' Vnchaste bestow But poyson when they jealous grow For fear whereof he silence prayes But stones will tell
it Verse 118. Moses Qui docebat c. That taught how the Aegyptians were not in the right that worshipped God in the Images of beasts nor the Graecians that gave to their Gods the figures of men and that Power only to be God which comprehends us the Earth and Sea which Power we call the Heaven the World and universall Nature To make whose Image like to one of us really none but a mad-man would presume Strab. lib. 16. Verse 120. Vnless to one of his Religion To this very day the Jewes will doe no reall civility unto any but of their own Nation and Religion which they love so much as to lend them money gratis all others must pay interest Verse 123. His Father caus'd all this Whose Jewish Tenets are hereditary to the Son Aegyptii c. The Aegyptians worship many Animals and Images made by hands The Jewes worship only in spirit and conceive one God holding them to be profane that make Images of perishing matter in the form of Men for God the supreme and eternall Power neither mutable nor mortall Therefore they have no Images in their Cities nor in their Temples Tacit. Hist. lib. 5. Verse 132. Hesperian Dragon See the Comment upon Sat. 5. Verse 154. The Bridge Where Beggars waited for the charity of Passengers Sat. 5. Is there no Hole no Bridge Verse 184. Tatius Generall of the Sabines that by the treachery of the Vestall Virgin Tarpeia as in the Comment upon Sat 6. took the Capitol After he had got that advantage of the Romans and often fought them with various successes upon the intercession of the Sabine women as aforesaid he made a Peace and put it in his Conditions That the Sabines should be free of the City and he himself Partner with Romulus in the government of Rome whose Territory extended not then to any great quantity of Acres as appears Sat. 8. by the adventure of Claelia the Maid that courage found To swim o're Tiber then our Empire 's bound But the Kinsmen of Tatius having affronted the Laurentine Embassadors and Tatius not righting them according to the Law of Nations the punishment due to his Kinsmen fell upon himself For he Sacrificing at Lavinium the whole City were insurrectors and killed him Liv. Verse 187. Pyrrhus King of Epire descended by the Mother from Achilles by the Father from Hercules He was strangely preserved in his infancy and bred in Macedon by Glaucias of Megara by him restored to his Fathers Kingdome at seventeen years of age Whilst he returned from Epire into Macedon to marry his beloved Mistress Daughter to Glaucias his Subjects the Molossians again rebelled and set up another Family in his Throne Having lost his Crown and with it his Friends he fled to his Sister Deidamia's Husband Demetrius Son to Antigonus and commanded under him at the great battail where all the Kings that divided Alexander's conquests were ingaged There he though a young man had the honor where he fought to worst the Enemy In Aegypt he grew so great a Courtier that Queen Berenice's Daughter Antigona loved and married him and won her Mother to move the King her Step-father for money and forces to reestablish her Husband in his Kingdome Entring Epire with an Army he found his People weary of their present Governor Neoptolemus all came in to their King But Pyrrhus fearing that Neoptolemus would follow his example and get some forrein Prince to espouse his quarrell divided the Crown with him Soon after discovering that his Brother-King had a plot upon his life Pyrrhus invited him to Supper and there killed him In memory of his Patron and Patroness the King and Queen of Aegypt he called his Son by Antigona Ptolemey and the City he built in Epire Berenice Lysimachus hearing of this signall Gratitude made use of Ptolemey's name to cajoll or put a trick upon Pyrrhus having then undertaken the quarrell of Alexander Brother to Antipater both Sons to Cassander The contents of the Letter were That Antipater desired Pyrrhus to receive therewith three hundred talents to forbear all acts of hostility against him But the direction was King Ptolemey to King Pyrrhus whereas he ever used to write The Father to his Son greeting By this means the cheat of the counterfeit Letter and Token was found out He was ready not only to intress himself in this difference between the Sons of Cassander but imbraced any opportunity of warre being ambitious to make himself the universall Monarch The Successors of Alexander used him to ballance the power of Demetrius whom he beat out of Macedon The Tarentines called him into Italy where he turned the effeminate Tarentines into good Souldiers and almost brought the warlike Romans upon their knees for twice he fought the Consul Dentatus and at those two battails slew threescore thousand Romans After his restless ambition had carried him from the East to the West and back again by Sicily to Macedon from thence to Sparta and at last to Argos A poor Argive woman seeing her Son's life at the mercy of his sword with both her hands flung a tyle at him which hitting between the helmet and the head broke his skull and killed him He was in the opinion of great Souldiers the greatest next to Alexander that ever the world had Antigonus being asked whom he held to be the best Generall answered Pyrrhus if he had lived to be old But for conduct and policy Hannibal gave the first place to Pyrrhus the second to Scipio the third to himself The Officers of his Army when he fought a battail observing his looks celerity and motion said Other Kings were like Alexander in their State and Courts but Pyrrhus in his armes and in the field And when they gave him the surname of the Eagle he said that I am so I owe you for it how can I be less then an Eagle that have your Swords for Wings He was bountifull to his friends moderate in his anger towards his enemies and when obligations were laid upon him extremely gratefull Calumny he sleighted for when some moved him to banish from Ambracia one that had railed against him no said he It is better that he should tarry here and slander me in one Town then all the world over Upon the same account another being under examination he asked him Were these your words the Examinant said Yes Sir and I should have spoke more bitterly if we had drank more wine Pyrrhus was satisfied with this answer and discharged the man Indeed he held himself concerned in nothing but warre and victory for even when he had taken a cup or two extraordinary a friend asking whether he thought Pytho or Caphisias the best Musitian he answered Polysperchon is a good General Plut in Pyrrh Verse 189. For many wounds two Acres The Consull Dentatus himself after Pyrrhus was beaten out of Italy accepted seaven Acres given him by the State Columel Verse 203. Wealth 's cruel thirst That like Death spares no
him whereupon he reconciled himself to Achilles who it seems made the first experiment of the weapon-salve upon Telephus healing his wound saith Pliny with the rust of the Spear that made it Ovid. Telephus aeterna consumptus tabe perisset Si non quae nocuit dextra tulisset opem Consum'd for ever Telephus had dy'd Had not the wounding hand the Cure apply'd Others say that Achilles did this cure by virtue of certain herbs taught him by his Singing-master the Centaur Chiron Claud. Sanus Achilleis remeavit Telephus herbis Cujus pertulerat vires sensit in uno Lethalem placidamque manum medicamen ab hoste Contigit pepulit quos fecerat ipse dolores Achilles that gave Telephus his wound Cur'd him with herbes from one hand death he found And life his Enemy his Surgeon prov'd And he that caus'd the pain the pain remov'd Here was plot enough to make a Play like the Thanks in Terence that were to be sent to Thais more than Great Huge Verse 5. Orestes The Tragedy of Orestes Son to Agamemnon and Clytemnestra that having murdered the King her Husband to make way for her second marriage with Aegistus her next resolution was in order to a settlement to take the life of her young Son Orestes But she was prevented in this designe by the vigilant care of her Daughter Princesse Electra by whom her Brother with his Governour was privately sent to his Uncle by the Father Strophius Prince of the Phocians in whose Court Orestes was educated with the Prince's Son Pylades inseparable Friend and Companion to him in all the sad changes of his fortune When for some years he had remained with his Uncle Orestes sickned dyed as the world was made believe the colourable Ceremonies of his Funeral being over Embassadors from the Prince were sent to Aegistus and Clytemnestra to condole that was to congratulate for the death of Orestes who attended by his Cousin Pylades went himself in their train disguised shrinking his shoulders to disguise his height and being admitted to the presence of his Mother and Father in law Orestes slew them both in revenge of his own Fathers murder With the horror of this committed matricide he fell distracted imagining that his Mothers ghost with a guard of Furies haunted him He likewise slew Pyrrhus the Son of Achilles in the Temple of Apollo for ravishing his Betrothed the fair Herimone the Daughter of Hellen by Menelaus and wandered with Pylades into Taurica Chersonesus where the barbarous Custome of the Europaean Sarmatians was to offer up to Diana the blood of Strangers especially Graecians which of all the World they hated The King of the Country Thoas receiving intelligence that one of the Stranger-Princes was Orestes commanded that he as the better man should be sacrifized but no discovery could be made which of the two was he for Pylades took upon him the name of Orestes and Orestes owned himself their friendship being so strict as they refused not to die for one another Cicero de Amicitia These bloody Rites were superintended by the Lady Iphiginia one that before the Trojan War when the Grecian Fleet lay winde-bound for Agamemnon's offence of killing a Stag in Aulis was brought thither to appease the wrath of Diana as a Sacrifice but the goddesse pittying her innocence sent a Hinde to supply her place at the Altar and conveyed away the Princess to be her Priestesse in Taurica where she now coming to the knowledge of her Brother Orestes saved his life by joyning with him to kill Thoas King of Taurica from whence they fled into Italy carrying along the Image of Diana hid in a Faggot and therefore called Fascilides by the Romans and adored by that Title in the Aricine Wood where the figure was left by these Wanderers Lastly Orestes being told that he should finde rest and be dispossessed of the Furies in Arcadia directed his course thither and there died bit by a Viper His body was afterwards digged up by command from the Oracle and found to be be ten foot and a half high Pliny lib. 7. Verse 8. The Grove of Mars Several Groves were consecrated to Mars one in Pontus another at Athens a third in Alba where the Wolf gave suck to the Twins of Mars Romulus and Rhemus This last I conceive my Author means as a subject on which his Country-men the Romans used to exercise their Muses Verse 8. Vulcan's Grotto near to the Aeolian Rocks By Vulcan's Grotto is meant the concave of the burning Mountain Aetna where Vulcan the god of fire hammered out Thunderbolts as the old World was made believe when the truth of Histories was wrapt up in Fables by the wisedome of the Ancients Right against Aetna lie the 7. Liparen Islands Liparis Tremessa Ericusa Phenicusa Evonyma Hiera and Strongyle the greatest of the seven where Aeolus reigned that was believed to be god of the Windes and blew from his Aeolian Rocks as the Bellowes to Vulcan's great Forge in Aetna who had likewise a little Forge in Hiera the least of these 7. Islands called the Vulcanian Isle and his Liparen Work-house Sat. 13. But Vulcan powr'd Nectar himself and his own fingers scowr'd Foul'd in his Liparen Work-house The cause why this Isle was dedicated to Vulcan was from a little stonie Hill therein continually vomiting up fire Verse 10. What Souls Judg Aeacus torments The three Infernal Judges were Rhadamantus Minos and Aeacus The first commissioned to hear the Charge and judge of matter of fact Virg. Aeneid lib. 5. Gnosius haec Rhadamantus habet durissima regna Castigatque auditque dolos subigitque fateri Here strictest Rhadamant the Gnosian reignes Hears Crimes makes Souls confess and suffer pains The second pronounced Sentence Horace Cum semel occideris de te splendida Minos Fecerit arbitria No sooner shalt thou die and Minos pass Clear sentence on thee The third saw Judgment executed as in the words here commented upon What Souls Judg Aeacus torments Verse 11. Who stole the Golden Fleece The Theef was Jason his Fable Ovid gives you the History of the Fleece Justin lib. 24. Phryxus Prince of Thebes after the death of his Mother Queen Ino when he durst no longer trust his life to the madness of his Father Athamas and the malice of his Step-mother Mephele committed himself to the mercy of the Sea and desperately attempted to pass the Pontick Straits upon the back of the Golden-Ram his Sister Helle riding behinde him but she poor Lady frighted with the roaring of the waves let goe her hold and was drowned in that narrow Sea afterwards called Hellespont Phryxus himself came safe to Aeta King of Cholcos where he sacrificed the golden-Ram to Jupiter some say to Mars The Ram swifter then he stemd the Straits flew up to heaven and was made a Star retaining his former figure The Golden-fleece hung up in the Temple until Medea charmed the Guards for Jason to steal both it and her Verse 11.
nest of Quails the Embleme of Concord Verse 142. Clients A Client had relation to some Noble man as his Patron The Patron was obliged in honour to protect his Client the Client besides his attendance in publick was bound by Law to contribute towards his Patrons assesments and Daughters marriages If any Client could be proved unfaithfull to his Patron to have informed made oath or given his vote against him or for his Enemy he was for such disloyalty devoted to the Infernall Gods and not only accursed by the Priest but out-lawed by the Criminal Judge so that it was lawfull for any man to kill him Lazius de Repub. Rom. lib. 12. c. 3. Verse 153. The Forum The great Roman Piazza where the Courts of Justice sate to which the Client after he had complemented his Friends at the Sportula waited upon his Patron Martial Prima salutantes atque altera continet hora Exercet raucos tertia causidicos The first hour and the second we salute And in the third hoarse Advocates dispute Verse 154. The learned in the Law Apollo The reason of this expression was occasioned by the Library of Civil-law-books made by Augustus Caesar in the Temple of Apollo-Pallatine where the Judges also heard Causes as appears by Horace's delivery from the prating Fellow that was arrested and carried before the Judge sitting in that Temple Horace Sic me servavit Apollo Thus Apollo saved me Verse 156. Aegyptian and Arabarch Crispinus the Aegyptian that by his Master was priviledged to have triumphal Titles Ornaments and a Statue in the pedestall or basis whereof was engraven the style of Arabarch which Crispinus might conceive the Reader would take to be Arabian Prince Some take Arabarch for a Customer in Aegypt that received toll for Cattle brought thither out of Arabia but Juvenal seems to use the Word for an Arch-rogue Verse 161. A Supper The Supper which the Patron was ordered by Domitian Caesar to bestow upon his Clients was called Caena recta a plain Supper to distinguish it from the Patrons Caena dubia or Supper of varieties such as puzled the Guests to know where they should begin But at this time the Sportula was not by Domitian reduced to the Caena recta of which Martial Centum miselli jam valete quadrantes Poor hundred Farthings now farewell Verse 171. Whole Boars The first that brought in fashion the having of a Boar served up whole to his Table was Servilius Tullus Pliny Verse 174. Crude Peacock Peacocks flesh never putrifieth St. Augustine Then well it might be raw upon a Gluttons stomach when he bathed before his next meal Hortentius the Augur was the first that brought this meat in request at Rome Verse 177. Angry Friends Neer relations must needs be vext at the death of a Friend by gluttony so surprized as not to have time to make a Will Yet even they could not but laugh at such a Comicall disaster though they lost their Legacies by it Verse 186. Mutius A great Knave but a poor man so that when the Auruncane Satyrist Lucilius published his knavery he had not a purse to see Advocates in a cause of Defamation but if Tigellinus the Emperor's Favourite had been the man so defamed he would have followed the Law which was Ne licet carmen fieri ad alterius injuriam Cicer. lib. 4. Tusc. Be it unlawfull for any man to make verse to the injury of another And in favour of so eminent a Courtier Juvenal thinks it probable that the Judg would have sentenced the Offender to die as cruel a death as was inflicted upon Christians of which barbarous cruelty read Tacitus lib. 15. Yet that very Judge might in his conscience know that Tigellinus was a thousand times the greater Villain M. Tigellinus Ophonius poysoned three of his Fathers Brothers and forging their Wills came to a vast Estate most villanously Probus Verse 189. Like those Christians of whose living bodies Nero made bonfires using them as he had done Rome with the firing whereof he charged them Note that Juvenal speaking here of the Christians Martyrdomes writes nothing disparageable to the Religion it self as he doth to that of the Jewes in Sat. 3. and 14. from whence it may with reason be inferred that because he scofs not at Christianity he reverenced it Verse 195. Aeneas Anchises his Son that when Troy was fired took his Father upon his shoulders carried him through the flames and brought him safe to Drepaâ—um a Town in Sicily where the old man dyed that in his youth begot this Pious Son upon the Goddesse Venus at the Trojan river Simois Virgil Aeneid 1. He was King of the Latins and reigned eleven years after the death of Latinus in the right of his Wife Lavinia Daughter and Heir to King Latinus and the Widow of Turnus slain by his hand Aeneid 12. Eutropius In his voyage from Troy to Italy he lost his Wife Creusa buried his Father as you heard before in Sicily but never touched upon the Coast of Africa and therefore could not have seen Dido if she had been then living After a tedious passage at Sea he landed safe with his Sonne Ascanius in Italy there conquered and settled and from him Julius Caesar derived himself Verse 196. Turnus Generall of the Rutilians in their warre against Aeneas with whom he fought single and was very angry with Juno that she would not let him stay to end the Combat See Virgil Aeneid lib. 6. Verse 197. Achilles Son to Peleus and Thetis that in his Infancy washed him in the Stygian water whereby he was made invulnerable in any part of his body but only the foot by which his Mother held him when he was dipt His Tutor was Chiron the Centaur of whom he learned Horsmanship Musick and Physick His Mother understanding by the Oracle that he should perish in the Trojan Expedition concealed him in a womans habit in the Court of King Lycomedes where he got the Kings Daughter Deidamia with child of Pyrrhus At last discovered by the subtilty of Ulysses he was drawn into the war because Troy could not be taken by the Graecians until they had the assistance of Achilles To prevent the Fate which Thetis knew him to be in danger of she prevailed with Vulcan to make him armes that were impenitrable After he had shewn much valour in the war he was in such a rage with Agamemnon for taking from him his beloved Prisoner fair Briseis that he resolved notwithstanding all the Prayers and importunities of his Countrymen never more to draw his Sword against the Trojans But hearing that Hector had slain Patroclus his fury for the death of that Friend made him forget his rage against his enemy King Agamemnon and dispensing with his solemn resolution he fought again more furiously then ever slew Hector and in his Friends revenge tyed the dead body to his Chariot and drag'd it three times about the walls of Troy at last sold it to King Priam. Finally when he
Araxes by Hannibal King of Artaxia Figura Tertia UMbricius 1 migrans 2 Juvenali narrat amico Quorsùm tota domus rhedâ ponatur in unâ Et cur matre senex cupiat decedere 3 Româ Facta noverca pios quia pejùs tractat alumnos Quà m si quis longis venit improbus hospes ab oris Nam si tu fraudes ignoras artis egenus Esto ut 4 Judaeus Romae qui somnia vendit Cui 5 Templū Egeriae cui 6 fonsque 7 nemusque locantur Arboribus populo mercedem pendere jussis Umbricii sine dote 8 puellam candida virtus Agricolae jungat lanam trahet otia ruris Nacta magìs felix quà m serica Consulis uxor Filia 9 dum civis dotata an pauper in urbe Cogitur infido miserè succumbere Graeco Pharmaca qui miscet cantûs choreaeque magister Virginibusque legit quae scripsit Achaia mendax Ambulet Umbricii per noctem 10 filius irâ Jam praetextati spretâ contoque minantis Dissimilis 11 Romano inopi qui basia dextrae Caedentis figens abit uno laetus ocello Quum virtus humilis magnas non incolat urbes Currū age perge 12 Auriga probis comes ibo colonis The third Designe HEre from 1 Umbritius 2 Juvenal receives A full account why his old friend thus leaves His Mother 3 Rome that treates the best of hers No better then the worst of Foreiners For if no Cheats mean-fortun'd Romans use They grow as poor as fortune-telling 4 Jewes That farm Egeria's sacred 5 Tenement Fountain 6 and 7 Grove but fell it to make rent His 8 Daughter without dow'r her virtue now May match to one that holds his father's plough And she live happier then a Consul's wife Crown'd with the quiet of a Country life Whil'st poor or rich at Rome a handsome 9 Maid Will be to some sly Grecian's lust betray'd That gives her Physick teaches her to dance To sing an Ode or read a Greek Romançe His 10 Son too may walk lighted by the Moon And now fear no wild rambling youth's batoon Like some poor 11 Roman that in case he misse But one eye will the hand that strook him kisse No living for poor virtue in great Towns On 12 Carter Have among you honest Clowns The Manners of Men. THE THIRD SATYR OF JUVENAL The ARGUMENT Umbritius with his Waggon load Of household goods upon the road Meets Juvenal and layes him down The reasons why he leaves the Town Compares the Countries safe delights With Rome's deer Rates ill-Arts and Frights And saying on is put in minde Of parting by the Sun declin'd THough griev'd for my old friend's remove I 'm glad He will at empty Cumae fix and add One Dweller to that Sybil's Town the dore To Baiae sweet retirement's pleasant shore I would plant Prochyta your petty Isle Ere dwell in our Suburra's goodly Pile For what so desolate sad horrid there As frights of fire still falling houses here And thousand dangers which at Rome we dread Besides the Poets that in August read The Wagon wherein all his house was lay'd At th' ancient Arc by moist Capena stay'd Where NUMA every night his Goddesse met Whose Temple Spring and Grove the People let Now to the Jews and all their stock to pay Their Land-lords is a Basket and some Hay Yet out of every tree the rent is made 'T is Beggars-bush no more the Muses shade Into EGERIA'S valley we descend To those fair Wells which Art presum'd to mend How much diviner had the waters been If with a border of eternall green The grasse about the spring had still remain'd Nor marble had the native stone prophan'd Here thus UMBRICIUS sayes since for our pains In honest Arts the City yeilds no gains My stock 's less this day then the day before Yet will to morrow shrink that little more I mean to goe and settle in the Town Where DAEDALUS his weary'd wings lay'd down Whil'st age strait-shoulder'd hath some youth in it Whil'st my hair 's gray whil'st there 's a remnant yet For LACHESIS to spin whil'st I walk on My own legs need no staffe to lean upon I bid the place where I was born farewell There let ARTURIUS and CATULUS dwell Men that turn black to white that can with ease Farm holy earth our rivers and our seas Be Scavengers bodies to burning bear And sell slaves under the commanding spear These Village-known cheeks that in Country lists Were Fencers men these sometimes Flutenists Now sword-play Masters with revers'd thumbs kill The people shouting what-poor Rogue they will Returning thence hire the gold-finders place Indeed what not since they are of that race Which rises to high office from mean birth As oft as fortune is dispos'd to mirth What should I doe at Rome I cannot ly Nor when a book is vilely writ comply And beg a copy How your Planet runs I know not promise fathers deaths to sons Nor can nor will I I did ne're dissect Toads entrails what commands lewd friends direct To others wives convey'd by others be No Thief shall his Receiver make of me I therefore goe lame no companion left An useless member my right hand bereft Who 's now belov'd but he that can reveal Foul trusts which he for ever should conceal He owes thee nothing nothing will bestow That lets thee but an honest secret know Great VERRES with respect will that man use That when he pleases VERRES can accuse Let not dark TAGUS buy thee from thy sleep Nor all the gold that rolls unto the deep Take not base bribes which thy sad soul rejects Whil'st thy great friend the faith he hires suspects Now what they are our rich men love so well I loath so much I haste nor blush to tell I cannot Romans this Greek Town abide Nor 's all Greek filth for long since with the tide To Tiber Syrian Orontes flowd Their oblique strings and Fidlers language mode Their Country Cimbals too they brought a-land And hackney-Sluts that in the Circus stand Walk thither you that doe a fancy bear To Curtezans that painted Miters wear Our nointed Clown prize-playing ornaments Or a poor basket-scambling gown contents There 's born at Andros Samos Amidon Alaband Trallos or high Sicyon Have th' honour in mount Esquiline to live Or that to which a name the wickers give Now servants in great houses some years hence Their Lords thanks to their desp'rate impudence Quick wit and volubility of tongue ISAEUS had not his so smoothly hung Tell me what 's he in whom comes every man A Rhetorician a Grammarian A Painter Nointer Augur Geometrician A Dancer o' the ropes too a Physician Magician he knows all things bid him so To heav'n the hungry little Greek will go In short wings were not by a Thracian worn Tartar or Moor but one at Athens born Should I not fly from these great Lords shall he Seal first and at a feast take place of me That hath by that wind
Infant so pleased the Queen that as if the Gods had sent her a Child from Heaven she bred him up as her own and from the tumour of his feet which his wounds had swelled she called him Oedipus VVhen he grew to be a good big Youth and understood he was not Son to Polybius he resolved to finde out his own Father To this end he consulted the Oracle that bid him goe directly to Phocis where he should meet his Father when he came thither the Phocians were in an Uproar which Laius coming to suppress in the tumult Oedipus not knowing him to be his Father slew him Then conceiving himself to be deluded by the Oracle Oedipus being out of hope to finde his Father fell upon a new designe undertaking the Sphinx a Monster with a womans face birds wings and a dog's body This Chimaera from her fortification upon a Mountain in Thebes plundered and destroyed that Kingdome nor would Apollo promise any end to their miseries till one came that could resolve the Monster 's riddle To such a knowing person Creon King of Thebes that succeeded his Son in Law Laius offered in marriage the new Widow his Daughter Jocasta Many gallant men had died in the attempt yet that was no discouragement to Oedipus when a Kings Daughter was the prize for which his life was to be ventured To the fatall place came Oedipus and by the Sphinx was presently asked What is 't That in the morning is a four-footed creature two-footed at noon at night three-footed he answered a Man that in his infancy creeps upon hands and feet in his full strength goes upright on his leggs and in his decrepit age borrows one leg of the Carpenter walking with a staffe For grief to have her Aenigma thus unriddled the Sphinx brake her neck a fortune that Oedipus might well envy for his was far sadder to be rewarded with the marriage of his own mother Jocasta But time at last unfolded to Oedipus the Riddle of his own fortunes And when he knew that he had killed his Father and married his Mother in a rage he pluckt out his own eyes and would have killed himself but his hand was held by his Daughter Antigone that led her blinde Father out of Thebes when he was banished by Creon Senec. in Oedip. and after Seneca I doubt a Theban Tragedy writ by Faustus would hardly sell unless a rare Cryer preferred it See Stat. in Thebaid Verse 17 Asian Asian Slaves in the first edition in the second Roman Knights Verse 19. Bithynian Bithynia is a Region of the lesser Asia lying right against Thrace along the Pontick Sea for which reason Bithynia had once the name of Pontus Euseb. Afterwards a People of Thrace that were called Thynians passing over and possessing themselves of Pontus it took from them the name of Bithynia Plin. lib. 1. ca. 31. Divers other appellations this Country had but was famous by no name at all but this which my Author seems to give it viz. a Nursery of Knights of the Post it is only memorable for Hannibal that was buried at Libyssa Verse 20. Gallograecia Juvenal calls it new France the ancient name was Galatia When the Galls grew to be so populous that France could not contain them first with sword and fire they over-ran Italy took Rome and straightly besieged the Capitol but Camillus routed them and freed his own Country See the Comment upon Sat. 2. Then the Galls that like a Sea-breach had overflowed all Italy after the storm was over continued rolling and loosing on the Roman side got ground again in Greece and Macedon from thence led by their General Leonorus the Grecians joyning they passed into Asia where by consent of the King of Bithynia they planted themselves in a part of his Dominions which was afterward called Gallograecia Verse 27. Thelesine A Poet to whom as some think Juvenal writ this Satyr Verse 28. Vulcan God of fire See the Comment upon Sat. 1. Verse 33. Ivy. Poets were crowned with Bayes Oak Parsley and Ivy. Verse 36. Boyes Peacocks praise Children are much taken with the colours and beauty of the Peacock's Plumes them they commend but they give him nothing if they can get a Peacock they will pull his feathers and take from him that which they commended In point of Vain-glory the Poet much resembles the Peacock as he is described by Ovid. de Art lib. 1. Laudatas ostendit avis Junonia pennas Si tacitus spectes illa recondit opes Praise but the Peacock and he spreads his Train Say nothing and he shuts it up again Verse 40. Terpsicore One of the Nine Muses the Inventress of Musick and Dancing In her the greatest part of man's life rejoyces Plutarch Verse 42. God Apollo Vers. 46. Maculonus One of the Peacock-praisers that accomodated the reading Poets with his house and furnished them with voices to cry them up but bestowed nothing upon them Verse 49. Pit By the Pit and Scaffolds for the People and the Orchestra for the Nobility you may cleerly see that Roman Poets read their Works upon a Stage as solemnly as our Playes are acted and their audience was as great An Instance whereof my Author here gives you in the Poet Statius To their dear Thebais the People throng And to the sound of his inchanting tongue When Statius with the promise of a day O're-joyes the Town for in so sweet a way He reads his Poem that to hear it spoke A lust affects the soul yet when he broke The Benches with strong lines Verse 68. Aonian In Aonia which is the mountanous part of Boeotia there is a Spring consecrated to the Muses from which Aonian Fountain they are called Aonides Verse 69. Pierian Caves At the foot of the Mountain Parnassus were certain Caves full of the Pierian Muses Deity according to Poeticall tradition Verse 70. Thyrsus The Spear or Javelin wrapt with Ivy which every Priestess of Bacchus carried in her hand when she sacrificed to her God crying Eu hoe as you see in the Comment upon Sat. 6. In imitation of these Javelin-bearers Horace sacrifices one of his Odes to Bacchus and begins the second Staffe with a cry like to theirs Ohe recenti mens trepidat metu Plenoque Bacchi pectore turbidùm Laetatur Ohe parce Liber Parce gravi metuende thyrso Ohe with fear my mind 's possest Fill'd with the God of Wine my breast Feels troubled joy Ohe Iäccus Drop thy fear'd Thyrsus spare me Bacchus Verse 80. Alecto That with her Snakes hissed Turnus into distraction Virg. Aeneid lib. 7. She is one of the Infernall Spirits that distract the mindes of guilty persons therefore called Erinnes by the Greeks The Furies are wicked thoughts frauds and hainous crimes of vitious men which day and night torment their consciences Cic. in Orat. pro Rosc. Verse 87. Rubren Lappa A poor but an excellent Tragick Poet therefore my Author thinks it just that he should have as considerable a Pension from the
that had breasts hanging down and young ones sucking them some again that were old bald and impotent Verse 233. Cossus One that laid out his money in the Shambles upon the best Fish and Foul which he presented to rich childless persons in hope the venture would bring him in a fortune when their Wills were proved therefore the older they were the better for his purpose Verse 245. Seleucus The best Lutenist in Juvenal's time Verse 255. Oppia A notorious common Slut in my Authors dayes but afterwards so unknown that his Transcribers instead of Oppia put Hippia an Adultress often mentioned in his Satyrs but never charged with multiplicity of Servants as Oppia is Verse 256. Themison A Greek Physitian whose authority is quoted by Galen He was Schollar to Empedocles Plin. lib. 29. cap. 1. but that he was a bad practicer you may take my Author's word Verse 257. Basil A Governour of a Province to be put upon the same thievish File with M. Priscus Verres Tutor Capito Pansa Natta Antonius and Dolabella Verse 258. Hirrus A Guardian that by cheating of poor Orphans came to a great fortune and lived in no little state as you have him described without a name Sat. 1. What rage inflames me when the People 's prest With Crouds attending him that dispossest The Orphane now a Prostitute Verse 259. Maura One of the beastly Prophaners of Chastities old Altar Sat. 6. Verse 260. Hamillus Really such a Tutor as Socrates was falsely reported to be by the Leather-dresser Anytus Melitus the Orator and Lycon the Poet. Verse 272. Fasting A high expression of a Mother's love that feeds her young ones even when she her self is hungry Verse 278. Phiale A Curtezan that was Mistress of her Art Verse 289. King Nestor Son to Neleus and Chloris Hom. Odyss lib. 2. born at Pilos a City standing upon the Laconick Sea Strab. lib. 7. In his Fathers life time he commanded in chief against the Epeans of Peloponnesus afterwards called Elians Plin. lib. 4. cap. 1. At the Wedding of Pirithous he fought on his part against the Centaurs that would have stole away the Bride At the Siege of Troy he was grown very old yet with fifty sayle of Ships he joyned himself to the rest of the Greek Princes when he had lived to the third Age of Man as he himself tells us in Ovid Metamorph. lib. 12. How many years make three Ages is not agreed on by Interpreters Xenophon sayes the Aegyptians and from them the East reckoned an Age to be thirty years then was Nestor but ninty years of age and had only counted thirty years upon a finger when he began to tell upon his right hand But if Juvenal had thought him but ninty which thousands were then and are now he would not have referred us to the faith and authority of Homer neither would he have added that Nestor lived neerest to the Crow or Raven that lives nine ages of man at least if we believe Hesiod quoted by Plin. lib. 7. cap. 48. Therefore I take it for granted that in my Authors account Nestor was 300 years old and having told 280 upon his left hand by twenty years a joynt had begun the other twenty upon his right hand Nor had he lost any part of his long time as appears by his experience and wisdome being so great that Agamemnon said he should quickly take Troy if he had but ten Nestors to his prudence he had such a rare elocution that his words were said to flow sweeter then honey He had seven Sons and one Daughter by Eurydice Daughter to Clyminus Verse 297. Antilochus Eldest Son to Nestor and Eurydice He attended his Father to the Siege of Troy and was there slain by Memnon Son to Tython and Aurora Hom. When the body of this gallant Youth was burned his Father could not but complain that he had lived too long to see it Verse 302. He The Father of Vlysses but who that was whether Laertes or Sysiphus Juvenal had no mind to determine See the Comment upon Sat. 9. Verse 303. Priam Son to Laomedon When Troy was taken and slighted by Hercules he and his Sister Hesione were carried Prisoners into Greece from whence he was ransomed and returning built up Troy made it a much fairer City and extended the limits of his Kingdome so farre that he was in a manner Emperor of all Asia He married Hecuba Daughter to Cisseus King of Thrace and had by her seventeen Sonnes one of which number was Paris that to finde out his Sister Hesione made a voyage into Greece and there stole away Helen Wife to Menelaus which was cause of the League entred into by the Grecian Princes and of their ten years Siege of Troy in which time he saw almost all these Sons and 33 more slain by the Enemy for he had in all 50 Sons Cic. Tuscul. 1. Lastly after Troy was taken he himself was slain by Pyrrhus Sonne to Achilles at the Altar of Hircaean Jupiter where Juvenal sayes that he Fell like an Oxe in his old age despis'd And by th' ingratefull Plough-man sacrific'd Verse 304. Assaracus Son to Tros King of Troy Brother to Ganymed Father to Capys the Father of Anchises Ovid. and great Uncle to Priam as appears in this Pedegree Jupiter the second Dardanus Erichthonius Tros Ganymed Assaracus Ilus Laomedon Priam. Verse 306. With all his Brothers That were 49. Hom. Virg. Cic. All these Sons and base Sons to Priam with their Brother and sovereign Lord Hector in case that Priam had died before the Trojan war would have carried his Corps to the funerall Pile according to the custome of the Antients and reckoned in the number of human felicities an instance whereof we have in Q. Metellus For besides his high honours and surname of Macedonian when his body was carried to be burned the Bearers were his four Sons one being Praetor and the other three Consular persons two of the three having triumphed and the third being then Censor Plin. lib. 7. cap. 44. Verse 307. Cassandra first Cassandra was one of Priam's 12. Daughters a Prophetess and therefore Juvenal sayes her tears would have been shed first for the funerall of her Father which she might have foreseen though no body would have believed her a fortune that attended her predictions For when she foretold the danger of the Trojan Horse and cryed out against the receiving of it within the walls no credit at all was given to her words by her own Country-men and therefore it was no marvel Agamemnon believed her not when she was his Prisoner and bid him take heed of a plot upon him by his Wife but he then looked upon her as a mad-woman Afterwards both he and Cassandra perished in the plot laid and executed by Clytemnestra and Aegisthus See the Comment upon Sat. 1. This slighting of Cassandra's Prophecies made the old Poets tell the story of Apollo that had so high a passion for her he bid her ask whatsoever she
of Isis Cybele and Ceres impudently prophaned 321 Tentyrites 505. hate the Crocodile ib. adore the Ibis ib. Tereus 242 Terminus his offering 522. his violation the greatest sacriledge ibid. Terpsichore Inventress of Musick and Dancing 246 Teutons Germans so named from their God Tuisco 306 Thais 99 Thales one of the seaven Sages 452. taught Geometry to the Grecians ib. found out the intervals of time ib. quarters of the Wind ib. diameter of the Sun ibid. the cause of eclipses and thunder ibid. obliquity of the Zodiack ibid. the celestiall Zones and the Sun 's annuall course ibid. when and how he dyed ib. Thebes in Boeotia 442 Thebes in Aegypt ib. 503. Themison Scholar to Empedocles 372. quoted by Galen ib. a bad Practicer in Physick ibid. Theodorus Gadareus 259 Thersites 309 Theseis a Heroick Poem 12. of the Knight-Errantry of Theseus ibid. Thessaly described 217. there Medea gathered the simples that made Aeson young again ibid. Theutrantes K. of Caria 13 Thomas Earl of Arundel and Surrey 53. his Princely Collection of ancient Greek and Roman Statues writ upon by Mr. Selden ibid. Thraseas Paetus a Stoick 142. his last words 143 Thrasyllus 215. his death ibid. Thrasymachus 261 Thumbs bent downward signified favour to the sword-Players 95. reversed or turned upward that they must fight it out and dye though misprinted in the Comment ibid. Thyrsus described 193 Tibur a City and Castle 103. by whom built ibid. Tiburnus 103 Tigellinus poisoned three of his Father's Brothers 33. forged their Wills ibid. Tilphossa 454 Tilpbossus ib. Timbrells of gold silver or brasse 446 Tiresias a Prophet 454. his Fable ibid. his Monument ib. his deification ib. Titius and Seius 119 Titus and Tiberius Sons to the Consull Junius Brutus promise to deliver a Gate of Rome to K. Tarquin 308. the plot discovered by a Slave ib. their Fathers cruell sentence of death upon them ib. Tongillus 254 Tower Ovall 216 Toxeus 147 Trabeae 355 Trallis a Carian Town 97 Trebius a base-minded Client 130 Trechedipna a Gown to run in 97 Tribune Protector of the Commonalty 29. his legall and usurped power ib. Tribune Military 100 Tricipitinus Father to Lucraece 380 Triclinium the Dining-Roome described 141 Trochilos how he deceives the Crocodile 501 Trojan Lords great persons of Rome 29 Trypher a Carving-Master 408 Tullia Daughter to King Serv. Tullius and Wife to Tarquin the Proud 308. puts her Husband upon the murder of her Father ibid. Tullus Hostilius third King of Rome sacks and slights the City of Alba 144. puts the Romans into action ib. ascertains the rates of Coin ibid. brings in the Chariot-Chaire the Office of Lictor the Toga Picta and Praetexta ibid. and the golden Bullaes ibid. Turnus Generall of the Rutilians 34. fights a single combat with Aeneas ibid. Tutor vid. Julius Tutor Tutors how to be valued 260 Tyrrhene Sea 196 Sentences in T. Fol. 75. verse 59. Who 's now belov'd but he that can reveal Foul Trusts Fol. 103. ver 104. What 's more violent then a Tyrant's eare Fol. 333. verse 27. The poor way-faring man that doth not bring A charge along before the Thief will sing V. VAgellus 521 Valerius Corvinus Tribune to Camillus 288. accepts the challenge of a Gaul ib. assisted in that Combate by a Crow from which he had his surname ib. six times Consul ibid. Varillus a poor Knave 55 Vatinius the drunken Cobler of Beneventum 143 Vcalegon a poor Roman 103 Vectius Valens his ominous words at the adult'rous Wedding of Messalina and Silius 385 Veiento vid. Fabricius Veiento Veil vid. Flammeum Velabrian vid. Lake Venafrian Oyle 145 Venafrum ib. Ventidius a Slave 260. made General against the Parthians ib. triumphs ib. Verres his Offices in the Republick 56. his trechery lust c. ibid. a Suit commenced against him by the Sicilians ibid. his Charge managed by Cicero 297. Juvenal's Aggravation of his crime ib. he flyes his Country 56. is proscribed and slain ib. the cause of his Proscription ibid. Verses defamatory prohibited by Law 32 Vespasian's answer to his Son Titus 482 Vesta the Mother 207. the Daughter ibid. what they both signifie ibid. Vestall Nunns superintend the Ceremonies of the Good-Goddess 60. their Cloister 118. their number ib. their Charge ibid. their punishment for negligence ib. the time of their admission and stay ib. the manner and reason of their execution for breach of vow ib. their Founder 207 Vestines 481 Vettus 255 Vibius Crispus a smooth-tongu'd Orator 123. how he kept himself in favour at Court ibid. the pleasantness of his replies ib. his honours ib. Vindex vid. Caius Julius Vindex Vindicius the Slave that discovered the Sons of the Consull Brutus 308. made free ib. the Rod used in manumissions ever after called Vindicta ib. Vine-battoon 481 Virginia 381. the plot laid to ravish her ibid. her Father to save her honour kills her ib. the revenge of her death 382 Virginius Rufus 303 Virro a Proud Patron 130 Vivaries Imperiall Fish-ponds 121 Vlysses his disputable Parents 325. his policy to avoid the warre and enjoy his Wife 326. how discovered ib. his services for his Country ibid. Achilles his Armes adjudged to him 327. his cruelty before he went aboard ib. his unfortunate voyage ib. his death foretold by the Oracle but inavoidable 329 Vmbricius an Aruspex 93. why he removes with his Family from Rome ib. Volscians 103 Volusius Bithynicus 501 Vow or Sacrament Military 522 Vulture 476 Sentences in V. Fol. 6. verse 90. Virtue 's prais'd but sterves Fol. 10. verse 179. Posterity can no new Vices frame Fol. 266. ver 24. Virtue 's the true and sole Nobility Fol. 339. verse 161. Virtue is so much less belov'd then Fame For bate reward who will at Virtue aime Fol. 351. ver 431. Virtu's the path to Peace Fol. 469. ver 271. None sins just so farre as he hath in charge But at his pleasure will his Vice inlarge Fol. 404. ver 53. a Victory comes easie when The foes are tippled lisping reeling men W. WIl ls made by Military priviledge 523 Sentences in W. Fol. 166. ver 312. Wealth to the weakned World foul riot taught Fol. 174. ver 479. Nothing makes man's life Vnhappier then a fortune with a Wife Fol. 465. ver 201. no one sin That to the mind of mankind enters in Poysons or kills more then Wealth 's cruell thirst For all men would be rich and rich at first Fol. 174. ver 477. A Woman thinks all 's lawfull when she wears Those mighty Pear-pearls that weigh down her ears Fol. 81. ver 193. Men seldome rise where Want keeps Virtue down Fol. 349. ver 387. The edge of VVomans wrath is then most keâ— When a repulse adds blushes to her spleen X. XErxes K. of Persia 369. his two vast Armyes by Sea and Land ibid. both overthrown ibid. why he fled out of Greece ibid. his humour of fighting changed into feasting ibid. his Subjects despise him ibid. slain by the Captain of his Guard 370. the madness of his pride ibid. Z. ZAlates an Armenian Hostage 70 Zeno the first Stoick 508. understands the Oracle ibid. comes to traffick at Athens ibid. looses his Ship and takes a Gown ibid. why his Scholars were called Stoicks ibid. how the Athenians honoured him in his life time ibid. how after his Death 509 A Sentence in Z. Fol. 494. verse 58. Zeal sounds the Trumpet to the Brawl FINIS 1638. 1644. Plutarch in Apophth Sat. 4. Sat. 14. Sat. 12. Sat. 15. ibid. Sat. 10. Sat. 10.
Frozen Sea which was then believed to be innavigable but the Hollanders have lately sailed so far in the North-east passage that they have discovered Nova Zembla within the Artick Circle but twelve degrees from the Pole Verse 3. Curian Temperance The Curian Family was enobled by the Temperance and Valour of Marcus Curius that triumphed over the Sabines Samnites and Leucanians and beat King Pyrrhus out of Italy but his greatest triumph was over himself and his affections as appears by his answer to the Samnite Ambassadors that finding his Table covered by the fire-side furnished only with earthen dishes and Curius himself roasting of roots for his supper beseeched him to better his poor condition by accepting a great sum of money from their hands to which he answered that he had rather still eat in earth and command the Samnites that were served in gold Being accused for plundering he produced a wooden vessell which upon proof appeared to be all he had of the spoil Liv. Verse 4. Bacchanals The Celebraters of the Bacchanalia or Dionysia the libidinous Feasts of Bacchus where virtue was death for they that refused to sacrifice to Lust were sacrificed by the fury of the Bacchanals Of the abominable Ceremonies used at these Feasts see Liv. St. Augustine They were at last as a Seminary of wickedness interdicted by the Senate Verse 5. Chrysippus The Philosopher Chrysippus the most ingenious Scholar to Zeno the first Stoick and to his Successor Cleanthes from both which Masters he only desired to know Doctrines and bid them leave the Proofs to him indeed he was so incomparable a Logician that it grew to a Proverb If the Gods would study Logick they would read Chrysippus He was Son to Apollonides by some called Apollonius of Tarsis but he was born at Soli a City of Cilicia Having spent what his father left him in following a Kings Court he was compelled to study Philosophy as being capable of no other course that might buoy up his fortunes but after he was an eminent Philosopher he never dedicated any of his books as others did theirs to Kings and therefore was thought to be a great despiser of Honours Laertius But it is more probable that he following his studies to inrich himself would neglect no good Medium to a fortune and I rather believe that he having smarted so much by attendance at Court would never apply himself to Princes any more He died of a violent laughter with seeing an Asse eat figs as some say but of a Vertigo according to Hermippus in the 143 Olympiad having lived seventy three years Verse 7. Aristotle Was born at Stagyra a City of Thrace seated upon the river Strymon his Father was Nicomachus the Physician the Son of Macaon famed by Homer for his skill in Physick which it seems came to him extraduce for Micaon was the Son of Aesculapius Phaestias Mother to Aristotle was descended likewise from Aesculapius as some affirm but others say she was Daughter to one of the Planters sent from Chalcis to Stagyra He was a slender man crump-shouldered and stuttered naturally very much but for his incomparable erudition Philip of Macedon sought to him to be his Son Alexander's Tutor and Alexander made him his Secretary He was 18 years old when he came to Athens and there for 20 years he heard Plato The City of Stagyra from its ruines was for his sake reedified by his Pupill Alexander the great When Alexander marched into Asia Aristotle returned to Athens and read Philosophy in the Lyceum thirteen years from whence his Scholars were properly called Peripateticks of the Lyceum to distinguish them from the Peripateticks of the Academy the Platonists yet afterwards they were known by the name of Peripateticks only whereof he himself is deservedly styled the Prince After all the benefits received from him by Athens the return made was an impeachment drawn up against him that he was no true worshiper of the Gods But this as you shall presently see had formerly been the case of Socrates by the sad example of whose death Aristotle learned to decline the envy and fury of that unthankfull City from whence he went to Chalcis in Eubaea and there died in the sixtie third year of his age and the 114 Olympiad when Philocles was Archon the very same year Demosthenes also died in Calauria both being forced to fly their Countries Aristotle was the first that made a Library Strabo lib. 3. which together with his School he left to Theophrastus that taught the Kings of Aegypt how to order their Library by disposing of their Books into severall Classes Verse 8. Pittacus Pittacus one of the seven Sages of Greece assisted by the Bretheren of Alcaeus the Poet slew Melancrus Tyrant of Lesbos in the chief City whereof viz. Mytelene Pittacus was born A war breaking out between the Athenians and Mytelenians about the Achilleian fields he was chosen General for his Country and finding his Army too weak to dispute that Title in the field he challenged Phryno Generall of the Athenians to a single combat and met him like a Fisher-man his visible armes being a Trident Dagger and Shield but under it was a Net which in the Duel he cast over the head of Phryno and so conquered him by stratagem that had been Victor by his Giantly strength in the Olympick Games Strabo Laert. This Duel Lyps saith was the original of those kind of prizes played by the Roman Gladiators called the Retiarius and Secutor or Mirmillo described in this Satyr to the shame of so noble a person as one of the Gracchi was that for a poor salary was hired by the Praetor to venture his life as a Retiarius or Net-bearer against the Secutor's Fauchion You may see their figures as they acted in the Circus in the Designe before this Satyr So long as his Country needed him to manage the warres so long Pittacus held the Sovereign power as an absolute Prince But when the warre was ended he like an absolute Philosopher put an end to his own authority and after a voluntary resignation of his power continued for ten years he lived ten years more a private person Laert. Val Max. being about fourscore he dyed in the third year of the 52 Olympiad Aristomenes being Archon Verse 9. Cleanthes Cleanthes the Stoick was Scholar to Crates and Successor to Zeno Founder of the Stoicks his Father was Phanius of Assus by his first profession he was a VVrastler but it brought him in no great revenue for all he had was but four Drachma's when he came to hear Crates and to get a lively-hood under him and Zeno he was forced to work by night to keep himself from hunger and scorn in the day time The Court of Areopagus citing him to clear the suspicion of Fellony and give an account how he lived he produced a Woman for whom he ground meal and a Gardiner that payed him for drawing of water and shewed Zeno's Dictates writ in shells and
which by an Earthquake was from thence poured out and therefore by the Graecians called Prochyta But Dionys Halicar lib. 1. affirms the name to be derived from Prochyta Nurse to Aeneas Verse 6. Suburra One of the fairest and most frequented Streets in Rome Festus from the authority of Verrius saith it had the name a fuccurrendo for as much as the Courts of Guard were there which relieved the Watch when the Gabines besieged that part of the Town and to shew that the change of the letters came only by the vulgar errour of pronouncing he tells us that in his time the Tribe or Inhabitants of the Suburra was written Tribus Succurranea not Suburrana nor Suburana as Varro would have it called for being under the old Bulwark sub muro terreo Varro lib. 4. de ling. lat Verse 10. Poets that in August read Among the sufferings of those that lived constantly in Rome my Author reckons the torment they were put to by the Poets whom they could not be rid of even in the moneth of August when the extremity of heat was enough to kill a man that being pressed by their importunity must stand in the open Street to hear their ridiculous Verses read and Vmbricius seems the more sensible of the misery in regard it only fell upon the meaner sort for all the great persons of Rome were then at their Country-houses to which they removed upon the Calends or first day of July Verse 12. At the ancient Arc by moist Capena An Arc was a Monument of stone raised like to the Arch of a Bridge in memory of some triumph or victory and this Arc was built in honour of the Horatii afterwards it was called the distilling or dropping Arc because over it the pipes were laid that carried the water into Rome from Egeria's Fountain Ovid Fast. Egeria est quae praebet aquas Dea grata Camenoe Illa Numae Conjux consiliumque fuit Egeria waters us the Muses prize her She was King Numa's Wife and his Adviser Verse 13. Where Numa every night his Goddess met Numa Pompilius second King of the Romans was born at Cures a Town of the Sabines He was famous for Justice and Piety He pacified the fury of his Neighbours and brought the Roman Souldiers that were grown cruell and savage in their long War under King Romulus to a love of peace and reverence of Religion He built the Temple of Janus which being opened signified war being shut times of Peace and all the whole Reign of Numa it was shut but stood open after his death for fourty years together He created the Dial Martial and Quirinal Flamens or Priests He instituted a Colledge of Twelve Salian Priests of Mars He consecrated the Vestall Virgins declared the Pontifex Maximus or Chief Bishop distinguished the dayes Fasti and Nefasti the Court-dayes and Vacation or Justicium divided the year into twelve moneths and to strike a Veneration into the hearts of the Romans and make them observe what he enjoyned out of an awfull religious duty he made them believe that every night he met a Goddess or Nymph which he called Egeria from whose mouth he received his whole form of government their place of meeting was in a Grove without the Porta Capena called afterwards the Muses Grove wherein was a Temple consecrated to them and to the Goddess Egeria whose Fountain waters the Grove Ovid that calls her Numa's Wife saith likewise that she grieving for his death wept her self into a Fountain Metamorph lib. 15. which Fountain Grove and Temple at a yearly Rent were let out to the Jews grown so poor after the Sack of Jerusalem that all their Stock was a Basket for their own meat and hay to give their Horses Lastly King Numa after he had reigned fourty years beloved and honoured by his own People and all the neighbour-States died not having any strugle with nature meerly of old age By his Will he commanded that his body should not be burned but that two stone-Chests or Coffins should be made in one of which they should put his Corps and in the other the Books he had written Plutarch in Numa where he saith and quotes his Author Valerius Ansius that the Coffin of Numa's Books contained four and twenty twelve of Ceremonies and twelve of Philosophy written in Greek Four hundred years after P. Cornelius and M. Baebius being Consuls by a sudden inundation the earth was loosned and the covers of the Coffins opened but there was no part of his body found in the one in the other all the Books intire preserved by the earth and water But Petilius then Praetor had the reading of them which occasioned their destruction by fire for he acquaniting the Senate with their Contents it was not thought fit by the great Councell of Rome that secrets of such a nature should be divulged to the People so the books were brought into Court and burned Verse 25. Vmbricius A man rare at divination by the entrails of sacrificed beasts Pliny He foretold the death of Galba Tacit. but those honest Arts not bringing in sufficient to maintain Vmbricius in Rome he scorned to use cozning Arts by playing the Mountebank for a livelyhood as you see by his words How your Planet runs I know not promise Father's deaths to Sons Nor can nor will I I did ne're dissect Toads entrails Upon these Premisses he concludes What should I doe at Rome From whence contemning the vanities and baseness of the Town with his whole household in a Waggon this poor Aruspex went out in greater triumph at the Porta Capena or Triumphal Gate then ever any Conqueror entred by it into Rome Verse 30. Daedalus An Athenian Handicraft-man Sonne of Mition the most ingenious Artist of his time From his invention we have the Saw the Hatchet the Plummet and Line the Auger Glue and Cement He was the Inventor of Sails and Sail-yards which undoubtedly occasioned the Fable of his invention of Wings He set eyes in Statues and by secret springs wheels and wyers gave motion to those men of marble so artificially as they appeared to be living an Art revived in the reign of the Emperor Charles the Fifth by his Mathematician Janellus Turrianus See Strada in his Hist. Dec. 1. How Daedalus built the Labyrinth was imprisoned in it and escaped by the VVings he made himself you have in the Comment upon Sat. 1. From thence flying to Sardinia then as farre as Cumae there he laid down those Wings the Wings of Sails as Virgil calls them and rested upon the Terra firma Lucian lib. de Astrolo tells us that Daedalus was a Mathematician and his Son Icarus taught Astrology but being a young man full of fiery immaginations he soared too high pride bringing him into error and so fell into a Sea of notions whose depth was not to be sounded Verse 33. Lachesis The three fatall Goddesses which the Heathens believed to dispose the thread of mans life were Clotho Lachesis
they sung the subject-mattter was still fained and therefore Juvenal sayes they must speak because the storie is true Verse 45. Our last Flavius The Flavian Family as it was Imperial began in Vespasian and ended in Domitian that by way of jeer was called bald Nero for that he had all the ill qualities of his Predecessor Nero and would have looked like him if he had not wanted his head of hair Verse 47. Adriatick The Sea that parts Italy from Dalmatia and is now called the Gulf of Venice Verse 48. Greek Ancona The chief City of the Pisans built by the Sicilians upon the Adriatick shoar where the Emperor Trajan was at the charge of making a commodious Haven a work of great magnificence Plin. lib. 3. cap. 13. The name of the City is Greek shewing the figure of the place to be like a bended Elbow which the Greeks call 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Verse 50. Maeotis A Scythian Lake or Sea freezing in Winter that in Summer dischargeth it self into the Euxine Sea by the Cimmerian Bosphorus The fish there bred as of a greater size then any other is called Maeotick fish Stephan These straits of Bosphorus are to the South at the North is another Bosphorus or Straits where Cattel have adventured to swim over called Thracius which openeth into the Propontis the South end whereof is called Hellespont from whence to the Mediterranean it bears the name of the Aegaean Sea Verse 54. Chiefe Bishop There was in Rome a Colledge of Pontifices or Bishops consisting of four the number appointed by Numa chosen out of the Nobility whereunto were added four more out of the Commons Fenest de Sacerd. These eight were the Major Bishops to which Sylla added seven Minor Bishops Rosin Ant. lib. 3. cap. 22. This College of fifteen was exempted from all temporall Jurisdiction and commissioned in their own Court of Judicature to hear and determine the Causes of Priests and private Persons the President of this Colledge was stiled Chief Bishop or Pontifex Maximus a title that after the Inauguration of the Roman Emperors devolved to the Crown Verse 60. Caesar's Vivaries The Emperor's Fish-ponds where the great Turbot had been formerly inclosed and from thence made an escape into the Adriatick Sea as the Informers Palfurius and Armillatus would pretend to avoid the Law knowing very well that by the Civill Law any man to his own use may take fishes which never belonged to any Pond as ferae naturae the wild creatures of nature Verse 71. Lake Albane Lake Verse 71. Robb'd Alba A City in Latium built by Ascanius Son to Aeneas and by King Tullus Hostilius taken sleighted and robbed of all the Treasure and Reliques which the Trojans had there placed in the Temple of Vesta only her fire was left out of a superstitious fear that it boaded ill luck to have the Vestall fire extinguished in any place Alba took its name from the white Sow with thirty Pigs sucking her being the first living thing the Trojans saw at their landing in Italy Sat. 12. Our white Land-mark then The Albane Mountain came within their ken That seat where young Julus pleas'd his minde Lavinium to his Step-mother assign'd By th' o're-joy'd Trojans from the white Sow nam'd That from her thirty ne're-seen paps was fam'd Verse 77. Caesar. The word Caesar is put in upon my own account for that used by my Author is Atrides Agamemnon So Juvenal here calls Domitian scoptically as in the end of this Satyr he calls him our mighty General and in the beginning of this Satyr Chief Bishop Pontifex Maximus because in his Feasts he exceeded the Pontifices from whom a great Supper was called Caena Pontifica by the Italians that have now varied the phrase to buccone per Cardinale a Morsel for a Cardinal Verse 80. Genius The ancient Heathens called God Genius afterwards they took Genius for a subordinate Spirit and thought every man at his nativity to have a good and a bad Genius assigned him but some conceived a Genius to be the Spirit that stirs up men to pleasure therefore amongst the Romans the time of feasting were called Genial dayes and when they made great treatments it was grown into a Proverb among them that they met to indulge the Genius Verse 92. Bayliffe Pegasus a great Civil Lawyer born in Alba where the great Turbot was brought to Domitian now Praefectus Vrbis or Chancellor of Rome all Causes of what nature soever within a hundred miles of Rome being heard in his Court Fenestell Alexand. Neopl Sigon But in the reign of the Tyrant Domitian this great Judge stood only for a Cypher and to be Praefect of Rome was no more then to be Bayliffe of a Village Verse 97. Crispus Vibius Crispus a rich subtle and smooth-tongu'd Orator but his abilities were more in private causes then in publick business Quintil. He was born at Placentia Tacit. and lived to be fourescore years old in the several Courts of evill Emperors yet he still kept in favour by being as the Marquess of Winchester in the like case said of himself a Willow and not an Oak In a Progress-time he followed Caesars Chariot on foot When he was a Youth Nero whispered him in the ear and asked him Crispus hast thou ever enjoyed thy own Sister he answered not yet Sir a cautious and a handsome return from one that would not own a crime he never committed and yet durst not finde fault with any that should offend in the same kinde it being Nero's Case In Domitians time being asked if any one were with the Emperor Crispus answered not a flie Sir Sueton. This was a pleasant but a sharp reply for Domitian in the beginning of his Empire used every day to withdraw for an hour only to kill flies Crispus was twice Consull twice married and left an Estate of 00 H. S. Verse 113. Acilius Acilius Glabrio a Man of singular prudence and fidelity Plin. He was Consul with Vlp. Trajan eight hundred fourty five years after Rome was built at the very time when Domitian commanded himself to be called Lord and God Eutrop. lib. 9. Sueton in Domit. That Acilius lived to be fourscore years old and then sate in Councel about the Turbot we have Juvenal's authority but after this he was charged with designs of innovation so was the Youth that came to the Councell with him his Son Domitius and both of them were condemned yet was the old man's Sentence changed into Banishment not out of the Emperors mercy but cruelty that he might afflict himself with remembrance of the untimely death of his Son who knowing his life was sought by Domitian at this time soon after counterfeited madness in hope that would take off the Tyrant in whose sight he fought naked with Lions in the Albane Theater where Domitian at his own charge brought wilde beasts to be slain and killed a hundred with his own hands Sueton. This Impeachment against the Father and Sonne pretended to be
for innovation in the State was really upon suspicion that the Son had been converted to the Christian Faith as I was told in Oxford by a Gentleman of worth assuring me that he had the authority of a great Author for it which I thought to be Eusebius or Baronius but having searched them both I finde not Domitius recorded for a Martyr by either of them and therefore in the Designe before this Satyr I only tell you that some say he was a Christian. Verse 116. Old Lords shew'd like Prodigies long since Long before Domitian reigned it was news in Rome to see an old Lord for this bald Nero took his Pattern from Nero himself qui nobilissimo cuique exitium destinabat that singled out the noblest persons for destruction Verse 124. A bearded King Tarquinius Superbus whom Brutus beguiled wore his beard long for in his time the Barbers were not come over to Rome from Sicily Verse 125. Rubrius That in his youth committed some such foul crime as pathick Nero did and being come to mans Estate was as bold a Writer of Satyrs against others as Nero was against Quintinian a notorious Pathick Lub Verse 128. Montanus Curtius Montanus mentioned by Tacitus a huge fat Glutton and a great Master in the Art of Cookery whose belly Juvenal here only takes notice of but leaves him not so you will meet him again in this Satyr Verse 130. Pompey Pompeius Ruffus not so gallant and fine a Courtier as the Arabarch Crispinus in his Oriental perfumes yet was Pompey the subtler in whispering of accusations Verse 132. Fuscus Cornelius Fuscus that having only heard of battails and studied stratagems of Warre within the marble walls of his Villa or Country-house was sent General by Domitian against the Dacians where his Army and Fuscus himself was lost Verse 134. Veiento See the Comment upon the third Satyr Verse 135. Catullus Catullus Messalinus a blinde man and a bloody Villain whose informations cost many men their lives Domitian used to cast him at great persons like a blinde dart that will spare no man Plin. He was by this Emperor raised from begging at the foot of the Aricine Hill in the Via Appia to be one of his Councellors of State Domitian taking it for granted that the tongue which begged so well would urge an accusation better Verse 143. Cilicians Sword-players of Silicia whose art in fencing this blnde Parasite had commended upon the Theaters as he had likewise praised the Engine such as we have in Masks and Playes that hoisted up the Boyes to the Clouds or the blue Canvas which they called the Velaria covering the top of the Theater Xiphilin Verse 146. Bellona Minerva Goddess of War Sister to Mars stiled likewise Enyo and Pallas whose Priests sacrificed their own blood to her and immediately she so inspired them as to explane things present and foretell the future before her Temple stood a Pillar called the Collumna Bellica whereon lay the Spear which the Faecealis or Herald took in his hand when he denounced war Alexander ab Alexandro lib 2. cap. 12. Verse 150. Arviragus King of the South Britains youngest Son to Kymbeline a great Enemy to the Romans in this Island both in Domitian's reign when it seems he flourished and in Claudius Caesar's whose Daughter Genissa if we may believe our British Historians that he had such a one Arviragus married Verse 159. Prometheus Son to Japet by his Wife Asia an excellent Potter he must needs be for he was the first according to the Poets that made a man of clay thus runs the Fable Minerva extremely taken with his ingenious workmanship promised to give him any thing the Gods had that would conduce to the perfection of his Art and when Prometheus answered that he could not conjecture how Celestial things would advantage him unless he took a view of them Minerva carried him up to heaven where finding all the heavenly bodies to be animated by fire he thought that would be most instrumentall and therefore with a Rule which he had in his hand he touched a wheel of the Sun's Chariot and so with his Rule burning he brought down to the Earth fire wherewith he made his man of clay Jupiter inraged at this presumptious theft gave a Box to Pandora to be delivered to her Husband Epimetheus Brother to Prometheus which being opened by him filled the world with innumerable diseases and calamities as for Prometheus Mercury was commanded to binde him to the Mountain Caucasus where an Eagle continually fed upon his heart but afterwards when Jupiter fell in love with Thetis and declared that he would marry her Prometheus skilfull in future events deterred him from the Match because he said it was decreed by the Fate that the Sonne born of Thetis should be a greater Person then his Father and Jupiter remembring how he had deposed his own Father Saturn feared the same measure from his Son and therefore chose to loose Thetis rather then his possession of the Heavens In recompence of the service done him in this discovery Jupiter sent Hercules to Caucasus where he killed the Eagle and unchained Prometheus If I have trespassed upon your patience with this tedious Fable I doubt not but to please you again with the Mythologie of it Prometheus was the first that taught the Assyrians Astrology which he had studied upon the top of the high Mountain Caucasus not farre from Assyria and neer to the Heavens from whence he could the easier discover the magnitude rising and setting of the Starres An Eagle was said to tire upon his heart because it was consumed with care and watching the motions of the celestial bodies and being these were the acts of Prudence and Reason Mercury the God of both was said to have chained him to the Mountain moreover for that he shewed to men how thunder and lightning was generated it was reported that he brought fire down from Heaven N. Comes Mythol lib. 4. c. 6. Verse 165. Falerne Wine That the Grapes growing upon the Falerne Mountains in Campania made a rare Wine in Juvenal's time you may know by his frequent use of the word Falern and at this day it is the absolute best Wine in Italy as they say that have met with it where it is pure which is only in the Cardinals or some great Princes Cellars Verse 167. Lucrin Rocks or Circe's The Lucrin Rocks were in the Bay of Lucrinum in Campania the Rocks of Circe were about Cajeta where was a Temple dedicated to Circe and a Mountain that bore her name Verse 168. Richborough in Kent Verse 176. Sicambri The People of Gelderland between the Rivers of the Mose and the Rhene Verse 176. Catti Germans now Subjects to the Landgrave of Hessen called Hassi against whom Domitian made one voluntary expedition as he did another of necessity against the Dacians now the Hungarians where his whole Legion was overthrown and the General Fuscus slain ut supr Verse 178. Flying Posts Some
Modia and Albina Sat. 3. For fear lest his Collegue the Tribune may Wish Modia or Albina first good day Sometimes at midnight as here When the Sev'n-starres doe roll Their cold and sluggish Wain about the Pole Both times are taken notice of by Martial Mane vel 'a media nocte togatus ero By day-break or at midnight I 'll be gown'd Verse 29. Cybel's Priests See the Comment upon the second Satyr where you will finde the Priests of Cybele to be an Order of Rogues Drunkards and Gluttons therefore very likely to quarrel and fight about their victuals Verse 33. Libertines A Libertine was properly the Issue of a Freed-man and a Freed-woman and the Son whose Father and Mother were both Libertines nay if the Mother only were free-born was called Ingenuus but after the Censorship of Appius Caecus Liberti and Libertini signified the same degree of freedome and Ingenuus was taken for one born free whether their Parents were Freed-men or the Sons of Freed-men Justin Inst. l. 1. tit de Ingenuis See Franc. Sylv. in Catilinar 4. Verse 34. Pots of Saguntum Course earthen Pots made in Spain at Saguntum a City famous for holding out against Hannibal See Sat. 15. Verse 35. Vntrim'd Consuls That wore beards like their Kings Verse 39. Albane The Albane Hills bore a very pleasant Grape Plin. and the Vines there growing have not yet degenerated for the Vino Albano is now the best meat-wine in Rome Verse 39. Setine Hills Setia the City that denominates these Hills lies not far from Tarracina in Campania Martial lib. 13. Pendula Pampineos quae spectat Setia campos Setia that hangs o're the Pampinian Medes The Wine that came from these Mountains was in great esteem with Augustus Caesar and Regis ad Exemplum with Juvenal Sat. 10. When thou rich Setine Wine dost hold Sparkling midst Diamonds in a Boll of Gold Verse 41. Date and Climate The Romans writ upon the Vessels in their Cellars as the Officres of our English Kings set down in their accounts where the wine grew and what day of the Moneth it came in Verse 42. Thraseas and Helvidius Thraseas Paetus was Son in Law to Helvidius Priscus both would as gladly have laid down their lives to preserve Rome from the tyranny of Nero as D. Junius Brutus ventured his to free the Romans from Tarquin or M. Brutus and Cassius theirs to deliver their Country from the encroachment of I. Caesar. Tharseas was a Stoick and accordingly he behaved himself at his death for when the Officer told him from Nero that he must die with great constancy he repressed the tears of his Family and chearfully holding forth his arme when the floor was full of his blood turning to Demetrius the Cynick with the courage of Socrates he said This blood we offer as a Libation to Jove the deliverer Tacit. lib. 16. Helvidius Priscus suspected upon the same account was banished Italy by Nero and after his death repealed by Galba See Tacit. Verse 43. Drank Crown'd When the Romans indulged or sacrificed to the Genius which was as aforesaid either at the Nativities or Marriages of themselves or those they honoured it was their custome to crown their heads with cooling flowers to allay the heat of the wine and by binding of their fore-heads to suppress the fumes then ascending Verse 46. Beril A Precious-stone often mentioned in sacred Scripture Verse 53. The Youth prefer'd before The jealous spirited Hiarbas Aeneas See Sat. 1. in whose time when fighting was in fashion the Hilts of Swords were set with pretious-stones Virg. Aeneid lib. 4. Stellatus Jaspide fulva Ensis erat Bright Jasper sparkled in his Hilts. but in Juvenal's dayes when fighting in the field was out of date in Rome and eating and drinking only in request it was the mode to take out the Gems from their Hilts and set them in their Bolls Verse 56. Beneventine Cobler An ugly Glass that bore the name of Vatinius the Drunken Cobler of Beneventum and the four noses of it were studed and bossed like his nose Martial Verse 63. Getulian Boor. A Negro of Getulia in Africa Verse 67. Flower of Asia My Author means not the whole but that part of Asia properly so called within the Trojan Dominions which took this name from Asius the Philosopher Suid. After the Romans were made Lords of those Territories by the gift of King Attalus when they had brought them into the form of a Province they called it Asia Strab. lib. 13. so that the Flower of Asia signifies the loveliest Boyes or Ganymeds of the Country about Troy where Ganymed himself was born as you will see in the third Note following Verse 69. Tullus Tullus Hostilius the third King of Rome that took sackt and demolished the City of Alba as in the Comment upon the fourth Satyr a Prince no less active then Romulus He revived the Roman courage buried in sloath and the arts of peace and lest they should want imployment took occasion to quarrel with his Neighbours Liv. He first reduced Coyn to certain rates He brought in the Consuls Chariot-chair or Sella Curulis or Eburnea so called because it was made of Ivory and carried about in a Chariot The Lictors were his Officers He invented the Toga Picta and Praetexta the first being a Gown imbroidered in figures was worn in Triumph the other guarded with purple Silk by noble mens Sons and from Hetruria now the Dutchie of Florence he brought the golden Bullas or Bubbles which in their infancy they wore about their Necks See Macrob. lib. 1. Saturn Verse 69. Warlike Ancus Ancus Martius fourth King of the Romans Numa's Daughters Sonne he subdued the Latins inlarged the City of Rome took-in the Aventine and Martial Mounts and with a wooden Bridge joyned the Janiculum to Rome He extended the Roman Limits to the Sea-coast where he built the City of Ostium He made the first Prison that ever was in Rome and the number of that one Prison was not multiplied in the Reigns of the three Kings his Successors nor a long while after as you may see in the end of Sat. 3. Verse 72. Getulian Ganymed Ganymed was Son to Tros King of Troy so sweet a Boy that Jupiter fell in love with him and as he was hunting upon the Mountain Ida made his Eagle seize and carry him to Heaven where for his sake Jupiter put off Hebe Juno's Daughter that till then filled his Nectar and gave his Cup-bearer's place to Ganymed The Mythological sense of this Fable is that the divine Wisdome loves a wise man and that he only comes neerest to the nature of God Cicer. lib. 2. Tusculan But this Negro this Getulian Ganymed came neerest the nature of Pluto and might have been the Devil's Cup-bearer Verse 87. Remember These are the words of a proud controlling Waiter at the Table answered in the next verse but one by the poor upbraided Client Verse 90. Mount Esquiline Where many Patricians had houses so
mischievous when rage once crost Inflames their livers they are headlong tost Like stones from Precipices when th' earth slides And leaves to the rock-head no mountain-sides But I hate her that studies and commits A foul crime being in her perfect wits They look upon ALCESTIS on the Stage And see her for her Lord her life engage Were such a change now offer'd to a Wife She would prefer her little Bitche's life BELIDES ERIPHYLES you may meet And CLITEMNESTRA daily in each street But diff'renc'd thus th' old CLITEMNESTRA held A foolish gouty Axe she scarce could weld Now with a red Toad's Lungs the feat they doe Yet have their fine Steeletto's ready too Lest wary AGAMEMNON should have got The thrice-foil'd Monarch's Pontick Antidot The Comment UPON THE SIXTH SATYR VErse 1. Saturn Son to Coelum and Vesta He married his Sister Ops and cut off his Father's generative parts casting them into the Sea where they begot Venus therefore called Aphrodite His elder brother was Titan that perceiving his Mother and Sisters stood affected to Saturn resigned his birth-right conditioned that Saturn's male-issue should be destroyed that so the Crown might return to Titan's Children In pursuance of these Articles Saturn devoured his Sons Now Ops being delivered of Jupiter and Juno at one birth made the Midwife carry Juno to Saturn but Jupiter she concealed and had him privately nursed in the house sending for the Corybantes to play to her upon their Cymbals that the noise of their bells might drown the crying of the Childe Then she brought forth Neptune and put him to Nurse to her Husband shewing wrapt up in swadling clouts a stone which he devoured In her third Child-bed she had Twins again Pluto and Glauca and as before concealing the Boy shewed only the Girle to Saturn All this being at last discovered to Titan when he saw that his Brother's Sons would come between him and the Crown he mustered his own Sonnes the Titans defied his Brother Saturn fought him had the victory and pursuing his Brother and Sister Saturn and Ops took them both and imprisoned them till such time as Jupiter being grown a man defeated the Titans setting at liberty his Father and Mother Afterwards Saturn hearing from the Oracle that his Son should dispossess him of his Kingdome sought the life of Jupiter whereof he had intelligence and by way of prevention seized the government of Creet into his own hands Saturn fled into Italy where in the Dominions of King Janus for some time he lurked and from his Latitat that part of Italy was called Latium Under the Reign of Saturn the Fabulists place the Golden Age when the earth not forced by the Plough and Harrow afforded of it self all kinds of grain and fruit the whole terrestrial Globe being then a Common not so much as one Acre inclosed The naturall Philosophers reduce this Fable of Saturn and Coelum to the motion of Time and the Heavens the Astrologers apply it to the course of the Planets See Lucian de Astrol. Ovid. Metam The Mythology of it you may have from the Chymists and Nat. Comes lib. 2. 10. Verse 3. Lar. A Spirit or God to which the Romans ascribed the guarding of their houses painting him like a Dog because they wished to have him like a Dog that keeps the house gentle to the houshold fierce only towards strangers The Lar and the Dog are compared by Ovid. Fast. 5. Servat uterque domum domino quoque fidus uterque est Compita grata deo compita grata cani Exagitant Lar turba Diania fures Pervigilantque Lares pervigilantque Canes Both guard the house to th' owner both are right The High-way is the Lar's and Dog's delight The Lar and Dog from Thieves the house will keep The God and Dog wake when the houshold sleep The Temple of this God was the House the smoak his incense and his Altar the Hearth which was therefore accounted sacred as appears by C. M. Coriolanus taking sanctuary in the Chimney of his Enemy Tullus Attius Plutarch in Coriol Verse 5. Mountain-Wife before such time as men durst venture for fear of wilde beasts to carry their Wives down with them from the tops of the Mountains Verse 7. Cynthia Mistress to the Poet Propertius that confesseth his captivity in these words Cynthia sola suis miserum me coepit ocellis Et captum nullis ante cupidinibus Cynthia's eyes set my poor heart on fire Which till that instant never knew desire Verse 7. Nor her Lesbia Mistress to Catullus that writ upon the death of her Sparrow the Elegie begins thus Passer deliciae meae puellae The Sparrow play-Mate to my Love Verse 10. Great Child Before the debaucheries of Parents had lessened the Statures of their Children cum robora Parentum Liberi magni referebant when goodly strong Children shewed the strength of their Parents Verse 12. Th' Oak's rupture Men as they grew more civilized lodged a-nights in hollow trees which made the wilder People believe that trees brought forth men Verse 13. Had no Parents Whose evill manners they might inherit by example Verse 15. Ere Jove had a beard Jupiter or Jove was as aforesaid Son to Saturn and Ops delivered of him and Juno at one birth in the Isle of Creet where he was bred up by the Curetes or Corybantes the Priests of Cybele that concealed him from his devouring Father But after he had released Saturn from imprisonment and found that his Father had a plot upon his life he outed him of his Kingdomes which he divided with his Bretheren by lot Sat. 3. Heaven and earth fell to himself the Sea to Neptune to Pluto Hell Then he married his Sister Juno by whom he had Vulcan There were four Jupiters two Arcadians one Son to Aether and Father to Proserpine and Bacchus the other Son to Coelum and Father to Minerva the Inventress of Warre the third was Son to Saturn born in Creet where his Tomb was to be seen Cic. 3. de Natura Deor. The Naturallists interpret Jove to be the Element of fire and will have Jupiter to signifie adjutor because nothing helps and cherishes nature so much as fire sometimes Jove is taken for the two superior Elements when they act upon the two inferior Elements for generation and corruption The Ethnick Poets by the several adulteries and thefts of Jove under the shadow of a Fable give us the character of a Tyrant The time of his reign they call the Silver Age in reference to the Golden Age under his Father Saturn for as much as Silver participates more of Earth and consequently of rust and corruption then Gold doth Hierocl The purest of the Silver Age was ere Jove had a beard for when Down once grew upon his chin you see what reaks he played with Ladies in Ovid's Metamorphosis iron barres and locks could not hold out against his golden key Horace Inclusiam Danaen turris ahenia Robustaeque fores vigilum
Roman Nobility Verse 116. Heav'ns winged-fire The lightning watched by certain old Priests appointed for that purpose and where they imagined a thunderbolt to fall a hedge was made about the place lest the people should come upon defiled ground which they purified by sacrificing their Bidentes a pair of young Heifers and from them the place it self was called Bidental Vers. 617. Plebeian The Plebeians were the common people of Rome Verse 617. Circus the great Shew-place described in the Comment upon Sat. 3. Verse 618. Th' Ovall Tower A wooden Tower of the form of an Egge built by Agrippa for the Judges of the Circensian Games to view the course This Tower was supported with pillars carved like Dolphines before them upon a Mount stood a Courtesan drest up as Juvenal describes her that told poor women their fortunes Verse 632. Before thou break'st thy fast The Romans held it ominous and looked for a black day if they saw a Negro next their hearts in a morning Verse 634. The foul Lake The Velabrian Lake where fruitfull poor women exposed those children they were not able to maintain and Midwives took them up for rich barren Ladies that counterfeited lying-in and trepand their Husbands with these Sons of the earth that by this means inherited the greatest honours and fortunes in Rome viz. The Salian Priesthood and great Scauran name Of both which I have spoken in the Comment upon Sat. 2. Verse 643. Thessalian Philters Thessaly is a Country of Greece having Boeotia upon the one hand on the other Macedonia it lies to the Sea between the River Peneus and the Mountains of Thermopylae and was first called Aemonia of King Aemon Plin. lib. 4. cap. 7. There are in Thessaly 24 Mountains whereof the noblest is Olympus Palace of the Gods then Pierus the Seat of the Muses Peleus and Ossa memorable for the Giants war Pindus and Othrys inhabited by the Lapiths but neither the Mountains nor the many fair Rivers of this Region rendred it so famous as it was made by the rare Simples that grew there rare both for the use and destruction of men for medicine and poison so that not only Physitians but also Witches came thither to furnish themselves of ingredients for Philters or Love-potions It was in Thessaly where Medea gathered all those herbs which restored old Aeson to his youth Apul. lib. 1. Flor. Verse 649. Nero's Vncle. Caesar Caligula who had this surname à caligis from his military Boots which he wore set full of Pretious-stones His Wife Caesonia wrought upon his affections with such powerfull love-potions that in his dotage he would often like to the Lydian King Candaules shew her naked to his friends yet still when he kissed her neck he would say This fair neck if I please may be cut off Once in a humour he professed that he would send to be resolved by what means he was brought to that excessive dotage then Caesonia fearing to be discovered put into her Philter more of her powder of sympathy which made Caligula stark mad and turned him from a Prince to a Tyrant Verse 650. A Colt's whole front The Hippomenes a caruncula or bunch of flesh growing upon the forehead of a Colt some say the Mare eats it in her very foaling time as grudging so great a benefit to man in regard it makes him that wears it be beloved of all his acquaintance This Hippomenes snatched from the teeth of the foaling Mare and infused in wine makes the drinker enamoured of the Cup-bearer Caligula found it so Verse 653. Mushrome Claudius Caesar above all other Table-rarities loved to eat Mushromes Sat. 5. before His Wife 's came after which he ne're eat more Verse 669. Pontia Juvenal supposes that his Readers may question the truth of some crimes charged upon Ladies and take them to be stories fained for heightning of his Satyrs in imitation of Sophocles when he writ his Greek Tragedies Now my Author to clear himself quotes the Case of Pontia Daughter to P. Petronius and VVife to Vectius Bolanus that after her Husbands death poisoned the two Sonnes which she had by him that she might come with a full fortune to him that was her Servant before Nero put her Husband to bleed his last Pontia being arraigned was convicted from her own mouth confessing the fact and her inclination not only to poison her two Sons but many more if her first Husband had begot them so the words import hear Pontia confess My Sons I poyson'd Cruel Viperess What both at one meal two had I to sev'n Been Mother I had sent them all to heav'n When sentence was passed upon her after a great Supper and a Banquet she called for Musick danced a while then made her veins be cut and yet at the same time took a draught of poison for expedition See Jan. Parrasius Papin Stat. 5. Sylv. Mart. O mater qua nec Pontia deterior O mother Pontia was not worse Verse 673. Medea Daughter to Aeta King of Colchos by Queen Ipsea or as some call her Ida. When Jason with the rest of the Argonauts arrived at Colchos Medea won her Father to give them a reception in his Court Then for fear of losing her beloved Jason that attempted to carry her from many rival Princes which daily lost their lives upon the same account she taught him how to overcome all intervenient dangers by taming and yoaking the brazen-footed Bulls by charming into a dead sleep the ever-waking Dragon then killing him and stealing the Golden Fleece which he guarded This done Medea fled away with Jason carrying along her little Brother Absyrtus King Aeta pursued them and when he drew so neer that Medea and Jason gave themselves for lost to retard his march she cut in pieces the young Child her Brother and whilst her father gathered up his scattered limbs she and her Servant saved themselves by flight At last after a tedious voyage they came to Thessaly where Jason that could not move her in vain made it his suit now they were in the Worlds great Physick-garden that she would try her art upon his old decrepit Father whom she restored to his strength and youth Diogenes said that Medea was no Witch but a wise woman that by Gymnastick exercises and sweating in Stoves brought effeminate persons which had prejudiced their health by idleness to as good a habit of body as at first This made the Poets invent their Fable of her boiling of men till their old age was consumed Trusting to this example of Aeson the Daughters of his Brother Peleas were cozened into the murder of their Father Medea making them believe she would restore their Father to his youth as she had restored her Husbands Father Ov. Met. lib. 7. Lastly Jason put her away and married Creusa Daughter to Creon King of Corinth Medea mad to be thus used by the hand of her Servant presented to Creusa a rich Cabinet full of wild-fire which she opening burned her self and
fired the whole Palace Jason resolving to kill Medea for this fact broke open her Chamber-dore just as if she had bewitched him thither only to be an eye witness to the death of those Children which he had by her for as soon as ever he came in she catcht them up and strangled them all but saved her self by the power of Magick Her next appearance she made at Athens where she married Aegaeus and though he was then very aged she had a Son by him called after her own name Medus that gave name to the Country of the Medes Justin. lib. 42. After all this no body knows how Jason and she were reconciled probably it was for her own ends because she forthwith carried him to Colchos where he reestablished her old banished Father in his Kingdome See Diodor. Sicul. and N. Comes that learnedly interprets the Fable of Medea Verse 673. Progne Daughter to Pandion King of Athens Wife to Tereus King of Thrace of all Thracians the most barbarous for under pretence of waiting upon Pandion's other Daughter that made a visit to her Sister Progne at his Court by the way he ravished Philomela cutting out her tongue that she might not tel But Philomela being an excellent Work-woman drew her sad story with her needle in such lively colours that her Sister Progne knew the whole circumstance of the Rape and to revenge her self of her cruel Husband by the advice of the Maenades she feasted him with the limbs of his and her Son Itys which being known by the Childs head that was served-in for the second course Tereus in his fury would have killed his Wife but whilst he was drawing out his Sword he saw her turned into a Swallow Philomela was transformed into a Nightingale Itys into a Pheasant Tereus himself admiring at their metamorphosis was turned into a Lapwing that still bears upon his head the creast of a fierce Thracian Souldier See Ovid. Met. 6. Verse 683. Alcestis Wife to Admetus King of Thessaly whose Cattle-keeper Jove himself had been and therefore as it seems when his old Master was sick to death Jove was contented with an exchange so that if any one would die for Admetus he might live But this being an office distastefull to his whole Court and Kingdome all excused themselves only Queen Alcestis cheerfully embraced the offer and served her Husband with her life Her Tragedy you may read in the works of Euripides Verse 687. Belides The Belides or Danaides were fifty Daughters of Danaus Son to Belus To these Ladies Aegyptus Danaus his Brother desired to marry his fifty Sons but Danaus would not give way to the Treaty of a marriage with all or any of them because the Oracle had fore-told him that he should die by the hand of a Son in Law but Aegyptus moving it once again in the head of a strong Army brought to force the consent of Danaus and his Daughters the match was concluded Upon the wedding night the Brides were instructed by their Father to kill their Husbands when they saw their opportunity In obedience to him all these Ladies slew their Husbands but only Hypermnestra that preserved the life of her Husband Lyceus He afterwards verified the Oracle and to secure himself slew his Father in Law Danaus and succeeded him in the Kingdome of Argos The sentence pronounced against these Sisters by Minos the just Judge of Hell was to pour water into a Tub that was split until they filled it which could never be and therefore their punishment must be endless Some think this Fable signifies the Spring and Autumne that every year pour out new varieties of flowers and fruits yet never satisfie our expectations See Lucret. lib. 5. Others take it to bear proportion to the whole life of man and of all things in the world which as they come in go out not leaving any long continued monument of what they were There are that apply it to benefits conferred upon ingratefull persons which vanish in the doing Plato compares the split Tubs of the Beleides to the minde of an intemperate man which is insatiable Terence hath one that saith he is very like them plenus rimarum sum I am full of Leaks But whosoever he was that writ the following Epigram he fixes Plato's sense from an universal to a particular exceeding well Belidas fingunt pertusa in dolia Vates Mox effundendas fundere semper aquas Nomine mutato narratur fabula de te Ebrie qui meias quae sine fine bibis Quinetiam hoc in te quadrat turba ebria quod sint Corpora quae fuerant dolia facta tibi Tubs split say Poets the Belides fill With water which still pour'd in runs out still Change names to thee the Fable comes about Drunkard that all thou pour'st in pissest out In this too it concerns your bousing Crue Those that were Bodies are made Tubs by you Verse 687. Eriphyle Daughter to Thelaon Sister to Adrastus and Wife to Amphiaraus She was bribed with a Ring by Polynices to make discovery of her Husband that lay hid for fear of being forced to march to the seige of Troy where he and she knew that it was his fate to die For this trechery of his Wife Alcmaeon had in charge from his Father Amphiaraus that as soon as ever the breath was out of his body she that betrayed him to death should not live a minute accordingly when the news was brought Alcmaeon slew his Mother Verse 689. Clytemnestra See the Comment upon Sat. 1. Hom. lib. 11. Odyss Senec. in Agam. Eurip. in Orest. Sophocles in Elect. Verse 695. The thrice foil'd Monarch Mithridates King of Pontus that by the strength of his arme could rule six pair of horses in a Chariot and by the strength of his brain two and twenty Nations every one of them speaking a several tongue and he all their languages When the Romans were taken up with their civil wars he beat Nicomedes out of Bithinia and Ariobarzanes out of Cappadocia possessing himself of Greece and all the Greek Islands only Rhodes excepted The Merchants of Rome that traffick't in Asia by his contrivance were slain in one night the Proconsul Q. Oppius and his Legate Apuleius were his Prisoners But Mithridates was thrice defeated by the Romans First as you have heard by Sylla at Dardanum then by Lucullus at Cyzicum from whence he fled for refuge to Tigranes King of Armenia that suffered him to make new levies within his Dominions but that vast Army was totally routed by Pompey Finally Pharnaces besieged him in his Palace and Mithridates despairing attempted to poison himself but had brought his body to such a habit by long and constant use of Antidots to prevent impoisoning that when poyson should have done him service it would not work Nor had he then lost the Majesty of his looks for the man sent to kill him found Mithridates unwillingly alive yet still so undaunted and like himself that the Murderer shakt and
lie With Marble Nymphs and Fountains in his eye But BASSUS poor SARRANUS what to thee Is any glory if 't bare glory be To their dear Thebais the People throng And to the sound of his inchanting tongue When STATIUS with the promise of a day O're joyes the Town for in so sweet a way He reads his Poem that to hear it spoke A lust affects the soul yet when he broke The benches with strong lines he must for bread To PARIS sell AGAVE'S Maiden-head Many to honour in the warres He brings Puts Summer Annulets and Winter Rings On Tragick Poets fingers what there lives No Lord that will bestow this Player gives Do'st thou attend the Camerini then And BAREA a fig for Noblemen Write Tragedies 't is PELOPEA takes She praefects PHILOMELA Tribunes makes Nor envy Stage-rais'd Poets where hast thou A PROCULEIUS or MAECENAS now A FABIUS LENTULUS or COTTA Wit Had then Munificence to ballance it 'T was good for Poets then pale fac'd to grow And all December long no wine to know But you Historians to more purpose toile Your Works requiring both more time and oile None short of the two thousandth page can fall And meer expence in Paper breaks you all The boundless matter upon which you goe And Lawes of History will have it so But what fruit reaps your labours where is he Will give th' Historian an Attorney's fee No you are lazy people either laid Upon your beds or walking in the shade Then tell me what doe active Lawyers gain By Civil bus'ness their great Books and Train They bawl loud ever but then deaf our ears When the rich Creditor that fees them hears Or by the sleeve he pulls them that layes claim To some great fortune by a dubious name Then th' hollow Bellows breaths forth mighty lies And on their breasts their eager spettle flies To state their profits truly set me here A hundred Lawyers and LACERTA there And that one Coach-mans land shall buy th' estates Of all those hundred learned Advocates They sit that are the Grandees of the Warre And thou poor AJAX standest at the Barre And for litigious titles quot'st the Lawes To a dull Herdsman that must judge the Cause Crack thy stretcht lungs poor wretch that when th' art tir'd The Lawyer 's Bayes green Palmes may be acquir'd What is the price at which thou set'st thy tongue A little Bacon-flitch i' th' Chimney hung Or Tunny barreld when 't is mud not fish Or stinking Onions Aegypt's monthly dish Or Wine our Tiber-Watermen transport Five bottles if thou hast pleaded four times for 't And if one piece of Gold come which is rare As your agreement was the Judge must share AEMYLIUS shall have what he demands Yet we plead better for at 's Gate there stands A Chariot and four goodly Steeds of brass And he in 's one-ey'd Statue makes a pass On 's fiery War-horse with his bending spear Putting the Foe at distance in a fear Thus into debt hath PEDO vainly run Thus MATHO breaks TONGILLUS is undone That from his great Rhinoceros took oile And with his dirty train the Bath did soil And his young Medians shoulders prest so sore When his Sedan they through the Forum bore As he was going to buy silver plate Fair Myrrhin bolls fine boyes with an estate And Country-house for all which at the day His Tyrian Purple promises to pay And yet this gallantry with some does well Purple and Violet Robes a Lawyer sell A noise and face of wealth doe him befriend But lavish Rome puts to expence no end Should our old Orators return and live No one would now two hundred drachma's give To CICERO himself unless there shone Upon his finger a great pretious-stone He that begins a Suit i th' first place marks If thou hast ten Companions and eight Clarks Whether a Closse-chair doth behinde thee wait And men in Gowns before thee walk in state A Gemme to plead with PAULUS therefore hires And therefore PAULUS greater fees requires Then are by GALLUS or by BASIL took For Eloquence in rags men seldome look When 's BASIL honour'd after his Report To bring the weeping Mother into Court Or who hears BASIL plead he ne're so well Away to France or rather chuse to dwell In Africa the Nursery of Law If from thy pleading thou would'st profit draw Thou teachest Rhet'rick O the iron breast Of VETTUS that can those hard Theams digest Which murder Tyrants who the self same things He sitting reads to others standing sings And in the same tone the same verse instills Poor School-masters this twice boil'd Cole-woort kils The trope the kind o' th' plea the questions summe What arrows from the adverse part may come All men would know none for their knowledge pay Pay would'st thou have what doe I know I pray The Master 's tax'd that under the left breast There 's nothing beats in 's young Arcadian beast That every sixt day makes my poor head ake With his dire HANNIBAL what course hee 'll take After the fatall day at Cannae won If he directly should to Rome march on Or to get's weather-beaten forces out Of storms and lightning wisely wheel about Ask what thou wilt I 'll give it thee 't is there That his own Father him so oft would hear But with one mouth at least six Lawyers plead For Men and not as you doe for the Dead They from their pleadings HELLEN'S Rape exclude MEDEA'S Charms the base Ingratitude Of JASON and what kinde of medicine might Bring old blind AESON to his youth and sight The Rhetorician shall if rul'd by me Take up his Rudis and himself make free Declaim in Law-Courts and descending from The fained shadow to the substance come Lest that small stock which his one Loaf should buy Be spent which teaching School will ne're supply Doe but CHRISOGONUS and POLLIO weigh And for what miserable stipends they To great men's Sons their Rhetorick impart Dissecting THEODORUS and his Art His Bath costs much his Portico costs more Wherein he rides untill the showre be o're Is 't fit his Lordship for fair weather stay And soil his handsome Beast with new-made clay No here his Mule's neat hoof unsully'd shines On that side he his Dining-room designes Which on Numidian Pillars round must run Where West and North cool th' East and Southern Sun What ere his house cost Artists he must take To marshall dishes and rare sawces make And when all these Sestertia thus are spent Poor two at most QUINTILIAN must content Nothing costs Fathers less then Sons How got QUINTILIAN so much land then Tell me not Of presidents that are with fortune rare The Fortunate is valiant and fair The Fortunate's wise generous well born On his black shoe a Silver-Cressent's worn The Fortunate speaks handsom'st argues best Though hoarse sings well for here the ods will rest What Stars receive thee when but newly come Crying to light and blushing from the womb If fortune will poor
State of Rome as the Common-wealths of Greece allowed to the Ancients for their Tragedies Then should not Rubren be necessitated to pawn his Books and Cloak to Atreus the Broker Verse 89. Numitor Another Maculonus such a one as would not stick to call a Poet friend but yet not part with a penny to keep his friend from sterving though he could spare money enough to maintain a Wench and a Lion That Juvenal meant this by some great person is apparent in the very name For Numitor was King of Alba deposed by his younger Brother Amulius who slew Lausus Son to Numitor and made his Daughter Rhea Sylvia a Vestall Nun that under pretence of a sacred Honour he might oblige her to Virginity But she was got with Child as the Romans believed by God Mars a miracle that was no point of faith at Alba. For Rhea suffered the rigor of the Law being for breach of her vow buried quick in the bank of Tiber sentence passing upon her Twins that they should be drowned in the River but they were cast a-shore and found sucking at the breasts of a VVolfe by the Shepheard Faustulus VVhen they came to be men they slew their Uncle Amulius restoring the Kingdome to their Father Numitor. Verse 95. Lucan The rich and noble Poet that writ in Heroick verse the Civill VVars between Caesar and Pompey for which Poem Nero put him to death He was born at Corduba in Spain and Nephew to Seneca that writ the Tragedies Verse 97. Bassus Saleius Bassus and Sarranus lived in Domitians time and were good Poets though poor men Verse 101. Statius Papinius Statius a Neopolitan born of noble Parents his Ancestors were Epirots his Father Papinius for his erudition and integrity was made a Citizen of Naples where he begot this Poet that writ the Tragedy of Agave the Poem called the Woods began another of Achilles and hath left us in twelve Books his Thebais here mentioned by my Author that calls it the Mistress of the people of Rome they so courted it when Statius gave notice that he would read Verse 111. Paris The handsome young Player you read of him in the Comment upon Sat. 6. in the Designe before it you see him acting to the Ladies and one of them viz. Hippia leaving him with more regret then all her other relations Regardless of her Husband's reputation The honour of her Sister House and Nation She left her crying Babes what may amaze Thee yet more she left Paris and the Playes He was when Juvenal writ this Satyr Favourite to Domitian Caesar and neither the Camerini nor the Bareae nor any other Lord in Rome so liberall to the Poets his old Masters To Statius he gave money to others the Emperor's Commissions to be Praefects Governours of Provinces or to be Tribunes Colonels of foot Little thought Juvenal when he said this that Paris would make him one of the number of his Poet-Colonels but you may see him in the head of his Regiment in the Designe before Sat. 16. Verse 106. Agave The Tragedy of Agave Daughter to Cadmus and Hermione Wife to Echion of Thebes by whom she had Pentheus that being no lover of wine and therefore a despiser of the Orgies of Bacchus when he was King of Thebes was cut in pieces by the Maenades his own Mother Agave being one of the Bacchanalian Murdresses Hor. S. l. 1. Sat. 3. Quid caput abscissum demens cùm portat Agave Gnati infoelicis sibi tum furiosa videtur What in her hand when wild Agave had Her Sons head did she think that she was mad Verse 113. Pelopea The Tragedy of Pelopea the incestuous Daughter to Thyestes She had by her Father a very lovely Boy Lest her abomination should come to light she left him to be devoured by wilde beasts but a Shepherd prevented her took home the Infant and made it the nurse-Child to a Goat from which his name of Aegisthus was derived the same Aegisthus that like the Son of such a Father lived in Adultery with Clytemnestra and assisted her in the murder of his Cosen her Husband Agamemnon as you may see in the Comment upon Sat. 1. Verse 114. Philomela The Tragedy of Philomela and Progne read the Comment upon Sat. 6. Verse 116. Proculeius A Roman Knight very bountifull to his friends and neerest kindred Horace Vivet extento Proculeius aevo Notus in fratres animi paterni May old Age Proculeius own That 's for his brothers father known Verse 116. Maecenas The Patron to Virgil and Horace On the last he bestowed whole Sabine Lordships and would have given him more if Horace had asked it which he records to all posterity in his Ode that begins Inclusam Danaën The first part of the Ode you have in the Comment upon Sat. 6. almost all the remainder concerns the bounty of Maecenas therefore I shall here joyn it to the rest concidit auguris Argivi domus ob lucrum Demersa excidio Diffidit urbium Portas vir Macedo subruit aemulos Reges muneribus munera navium Saevos illaqueant duces Crescentem sequitur cura pecuniam Majorumque fames Jure perhorrui Latè conspicuum tollere verticem Maecenas equitum decus Quanto quisque sibi plura negaverit A Diis plura feret Nil cupientium Nudus castra peto transfuga divitum Partes linquere gestio Contemptae Dominus splendidior rei Quà m si quicquid arat non piger Appulus Occultare meis dicerer horreis Magnas inter opes inops Purae rivus aquae sylváque jugerum Paucorum segetis certa fides meae Fulgentem imperio fertilis Africae Fallit sorte beatior Quanquam nec Calabrae mella ferunt apes Nec Laestrigonia Bacchus in amphora Languescit mihi nec pinguia Gallicis Crescunt vellera pascuis Importuna tamen pauperies abest Nec si plura velim tu dare deneges Contracto meliùs parva cupidine Vectigalia porrigam Quà m si Mygdoniis regnum Alyattici Campis continuem Multa petentibus Desunt multa Benè est cui deus obtulit Parca quod satis est manu The Argive Augur's house ne're shrunk Till bribes had shook it then it sunk King Philip beat down City-gates And foil'd with gifts his rivall-States Gifts Pirats tame yet with our store Our cares increase and thirst of more Noblest Maecenas to appear Too great was justly still my fear The more we to our selves deny The more the Gods give naked I With those that nothing covet joyn A Fugitive from men of coin Yet greater Lord of what I scorn Then if my Barnes held all the corn Reap't by the stiffe Appulian Boor And I were mid'st those riches poor My seed's firm faith a chrystall Flood A little quantity of Wood Is happiness He never knows That in rich Tyrian purple goes Calabrian Honey my poor Bees Yield not nor Wine on aged Lees In Laestrigonian Casks I keep No fat French Pasture feeds my Sheep And yet I feel no
consumed by the protracting policy of Fabius Maximus that would not come to a battel Liv. lib. 4. Eutr lib. 3. after this he recruited and fought the Consuls Paulus Aemilius and Terentius Varro at Cannae where the Romans lost fourty thousand foot and two thousand seven hundred horse in which number were so many men of quality that Hannibal sent to Carthage three bushels and a half of gold-Rings worn upon their fingers by noble Romans to distinguish them from the Common People All these Rings were revenged by a poor Annulet worn upon the finger of Hannibal which in the Collet had a private box a very small one but yet large enough to hold preventive poyson Sat. 10. But the revenge of Cannae for that spring Of Roman blood was a poor little Ring From Cannae Hannibal marched within three miles of the City but the weather proved tempestuous lightning and thundering as if the Artillery of Heaven had been planted in defence of Rome This suspended the resolution of Hannibal Many great Officers of his Army congratulated his victory and wished him for a day or two to rest himself and his forces Maharbal General of his horse gave his vote for a present march to Rome You will said he see the consequence of this battel five dayes hence when you feast your victorious Commanders in the Capitol let the horse follow them let them behold Hannibal himself before they hear of his comming No sayes Hannibal let the Enemy goe before us the designe is glorious but the way more difficult then can be suddenly imagined He therefore commended the good intentions of Maharbal but to act what he advised time must be taken Then said Maharbal The Gods have not made one man capable of all things Hannibal you know how to conquer but you know not how to use your Conquest Liv. lib. 22. After his Army had rested in Campania and feasted at Capua Marcellus at Nola routed him Liv. Eutr 3. Flo. 3. At Cannae he lost the honour which he had formerly won upon the place where he was overthrown by Sempronius Gracchus Now Hannibal in the declination of his fortune having no better luck at Sea then at Land was called home again to Carthage besieged by Scipio Africanus Scipio hearing that Hannibal was landed met him at Zama there fought him slew twenty thousand Carthaginians and took very neer as many Prisoners Hannibal fled first to King Antiochus then to Prusias King of Bithynia But the Romans demanded him of both these Kings as Author of the breach of peace between Cartharge and Rome so that Hannibal seeing no hope of safety for himself put an end to all his own and the Romans fears and jealousies by taking the poyson which he alwayes carried about him in his Ring Verse 217. Hellen's Rape Hellen's Rape Medea's Charms and the Ingratitude of Jason that married Creusa putting away Medea the preserver of his life and his Father Aeson's Cure these and the like were Cases argued in the Schools by Rhetoricians to prepare them for Moot-Cases of the Law and disputes at the Barre Verse 230. Theodorus Chrysogonus and Pollio were Theodorians for so they called those Rhetorick-Masters that read to their Pupils the works of Theodorus Gadareus He was an excellent Orator born at Gadara a Syrian City not farre from Ascalon yet he chose to write himself of Rhodes Strab. Hermagorus that writ the Art of Rhetorick was his Scholar and Tiberius afterward Caesar when he retired himself to Rhodes was one of his studious Auditors Verse 235. Numidian In Rome the richest pillars were of Numidian Marble and it seems that some wealthy Voluptuaries had Dining-rooms which turned round upon those Pillars that they might command the Sun have as much or as little of his light and heat as they would or if they pleased none at all Verse 241. Poor two Two Sestertia came but to five pound at most by Lubins account but sure the place is false printed it should be fifteen pound at least which Juvenal thinks to be a mean annuall Stipend for a Rhetorick-Master to receive from his Pupil's Father but he tells you Nothing costs Fathers less then Sons A Sentence that holds as true in our times as it did when my Author was living or when Crates cryed out of a Window to his fellow Citizens the Thebans O Country-men what madness hath possessed you you have a great care of the goods you will leave to your Children and no care at all of the Children to whom you will leave those goods Verse 242. Quintilian See the Comment upon Sat. 6. He is often named never without honour by his Scholar Juvenal that in this Satyr prayes Grant Heav'n that gentle weightless Earth may lie On our Forefathers bones and sprout on high In flowr's which to the aire perfumes may bring Clothing their Urns in a perpetual Spring Because a Tutor they did still repute To be the sacred Parents Substitute This Prayer was made by Juvenal out of the Principles of his Tutor Quintilian that writes thus In the mean time of one thing I admonish Scholars That they love their Tutors no less then their Studies and believe them to be the Parents not of their boates but of their mindes lib. de Discip. Officio Verse 257. Ventidius Ventidius Bassus Son to an Ascalon Bond-woman He was taken and led through Rome by Cn. Pompeius Strabo Father to Pompey the great when he triumphed for his victory over the Picenians He was first a Car-man then a Muliteer afterwards he was in one year created Praetor and Consul He was made General against the Parthians and returned to Rome triumphant So that he who at first was Prisoner to a Roman General and lay in a Dungeon at last as General of the Roman forces filled the Capitol with Parthian spoils See Val. Max. lib. 6. c. 10. A. Gell. lib. 15. c. 4. Verse 257. Tully M. Tullius Cicero was born among the Volscians at Arpinum now Abruzzo He was Son to Helvia a poor but a marvelous good woman Who his Father was we know not some think him a parallel to our good-man Plantagenet for they say he derived himself from Tullius Attius one of the old Volscian Kings but others report him to be a Fuller of Cloth Plutarch in Cic. It seems Cicero was of very mean Parentage Sat 8. This new man Tully this poor Arpinate Late made at Rome a Country-Gentleman Nor was he ashamed of the meanness of his birth for when some friends moved him to change his Plebeian name of Cicero that smelt of pease he told them he would keep it and make it as noble as the Scauran or Catulan name Plutarch And he was as good as his word for besides his first place in the Catalogue of all the Roman Orators and Philosophers he obliged his Country by making many wholsome Lawes and by abrogating the Lex Agraria the Law for division of Lands which had cost so much blood since it was passed by
witness with â—ntentive eyes But when he comes out of his Consulship At noon-day DAMASIPPUS cracks his whip Nor blushes though his aged friends he meets But with his whip first his acquaintance greets And when his horses are unharnest feasts With barley he pours out the wearied beasts Nay when in NUMA'S ceremoniall wayes He Sheep or Oxen at JOVE'S Altar slayes By EPONA he swears and all that Crue Whose pictures we o're nasty Mangers view But when his Tavern-Revels are begun Up staires and down must SYROPHAENIX run Moist SYROPHAENIX that sweats th' Oyles he sells At th' Idumaean Port for there he dwells And with the courtship of an Host the word That he salutes with is my Prince my Lord. The like doth CYANE bringing Flagons still In a clean Apron which inflames the Bill But thou sayst pleading for him when he 's chid That young we did the like 't is true we did But art ' reclaim'd thy errour do'st retract Short let it be which thou dar'st fouly act Some crimes with our first beards are cut away Of course sue out their pardons Children may But DAMASIPPUS takes his bathing Cups And on the painted Tavern-linnen sups Ripe for the Armenian warre fit to make good The Syrian streams the Rhene or Istrian flood Of years that NERO'S person may defend Send to thy Fleet at Ostium CAESAR send But thy great Adm'rall in some Tavern seek There they will finde him lying cheek by cheek With Murd'rers mixt with Pyrates and Purse-takers Run-away Slaves Hangmen and Coffin-makers With CYBEL'S Priest on 's back his bells at rest Where equall freedome welcomes every Guest Where ev'ry man for the same cup may call One table that too alike neer to all Hadst thou a Slave like this Lord what would'st thou Do with him PONTICUS send him to plough Thy Land neer Luca or his pains imploy In Tuscan Quarries but my Lords of Troy You with your selves dispense and things held base In Clowns the VOLESI and BRUTI grace Who would have thought we could this lewdness find In men of honour but there 's worse behind Thy fortunes spent thou DAMASIPPUS let'st Thy voice out on the Stage a share thou get'st CATULLUS his shrill Phantasm spends thy breath Swift LENTULUS playes LAUREOL put to death Acts hanging well and wert to be decreed By my vote merits to be hang'd indeed Nor can the People be excus'd in this The Peoples foreheads are more braz'd then his Which impudently sit and pleasure take To see the sport that our Patricians make That can our FABIAN Comedians hear And laugh at MAMERCAN'S box oth'ear No matter for how much their breath they sell Which now there is no NERO to compell Yet fail they not in the great Praetor's Shows To sell their blood but here a Stage suppose And there a Scaffold which would'st thou refuse Who so fears death that he would rather chuse To watch fair THYMILE o' th Stage where he And CORINTH the dull fool must fellows be Nor is 't a wonder when the Prince shall love A Fidler's name if Lords do Players prove What could the Town be then but Playes And there GRACCHUS Rome's infamy doth arm'd appear A Retiarius no Secutor's Shield No crooked Faucheon brings into the field Nor wears a Beaver down no he reproves Reproves and hates that habit see he moves His Trident and the Net pois'd in his hand Lest he might throw it out of his command He holds up his bare face and in the eyes Of all Rome round about the Lists he flies His Cassock speaks him gold-strings hanging at His chin and glitt'ring in his high-crown'd hat Who therefore was Secutor to this Lord Shame cut him deeper then he struck his sword What Rascal would not were his vote now free Give it to SENECA NERO e're to thee For whom we should not as one Patricide One Ape one Serpent and one Sack provide ORESTES had thy crime but not thy guilt The Gods were Authors of the blood he spilt His Father to revenge made drunk and slain Yet him his Sisters murder did not stain Nor in a rage his Spartan Wife he kill'd Nor Bolls of Poyson for his Kindred fill'd ORESTES sung no Odes no Troicks writ Books which of all crimes NERO did commit VINDEX VIRGINIUS GALBA should have first Reveng'd of all his cruelties the worst Works for a Prince are these doe these Arts sute With Majesty it self to prostitute On Stages to put forein Actors down And carry from the Greeks their Parsley Crown Thy voice's trophies let thy Fathers bear THYESTE'S long train let DOMITIUS wear ANTIGONE'S or MENALIPPE'S tyre And on AUGUSTUS CAESAR hang thy lyre Who any thing finds higher then thy line CETHEGUS reaches CATILIN or thine Yet you took Armes and did by night conspire To set our Houses and our Gods on fire Like Sons of Galls or Rogues at Lions born For which you ought pitcht Cassocks to have worn But on your motion did the Consul wait This new-man TULLY this poor Arpinate Late made at ROME a Country-gentleman Set guards where e're the line of danger ran Unmaz'd us and took pains for all the Town And therefore ev'n within the walls the Gown A greater title upon him bestow'd Then any name CAESAR to Actium ow'd To Thessaly or to those weapons kept Moist with the blood which they so often wept For Rome freed Rome did call her self his Child And CICERO his Country's Father stil'd Another born at Arpin MARIUS tills First as a Hireling the rough Volscian hils The Vine then paid him when the lazy Cramp Took his hand Palizadoing the Camp Yet he at Cimbrian horrours never check't But did alone the trembling State protect And when slain Cimbrians did the Crows invite Which never could on goodlier bodies light A second Laurel was by MARIUS worn Collegue at that time to the nobly-born Plebeian souls and names the Decii were Yet for our Youth our Friends and Armies here And every where th' infernal Gods and th' Earth The Mother to whom Mankind owes his birth Accepted them and more the Decii priz'd Then all for whom their lives were sacrific'd He had that from a Bond-woman did spring Rome's Purple Crown and Rods our last good King A Gate of Rome in banish't TARQUIN'S aid The Consul 's noble Sons would have betraid Which for our doubtfull liberty were ty'd To act what COCLES would have magnifi'd Or MUTIUS or the Maid that courage found To swim o're Tyber then our Empire 's bound Discover'd by a Slave whom Mothers taxe They felt their Fathers Rods and our just Axe THERSITES I could wish thy Father were So thou like to ACHILLES might'st appear In VULCAN'S Arms ere my consent would let ACHILLES like THERSITES thee beget Yet fetch how farre thou canst thy Pedegree The base Asylum thy first House must be The first whose blood thy Ancestors can claim A Shepheard or what I am loth to name The Comment UPON THE EIGHTH SATYR VErse 1. Ponticus The Noble
that drew with perfect lines the aire of the face sweetning it with the hair and by the confession of Artists no Picture-drawer ever came neer him for giving of the last hand to a Piece Yet Timentes put him down in the drawing of Ajax but he had the better of Zeuxes For when Zeuxes had drawn a bunch of grapes so to the life that Birds flew to peck them Parrhasius painted a linnen Cloth so artificially that Zeuxes presuming no man could match his grapes proudly bid him take away the Cloth and shew him his Picture but when he found his errour he ingeniously gave Parrhasius the honour of the day for that he himself had only cozened the Birds but Parrasius had deceived an Artist Plin. lib. 35. cap. 10. Fab. lib. 12. Verse 130. Phidias A Statuary never equalled for carving in Ivory yet he was far better at making of Gods then Men Quintil. His Master-piece was the Ivory Statue of Minerva at Athens 39 cubits high in her Shield was the Battail of the Amazons and the Giants War in her Sandals the Fight between the Centaurs and the Lapiths The next to this was his Jupiter Olympius carved in one intire piece of Ivory then his Venus that stood at Rome in the Portico of Octavia Plin. l. 35. cap. 8. He made a Statue ten cubits high of Nemesis the Goddess of reward and punishment at Rhamnus a Town in Attica This Minerva as Antigonus describes her occasioned the Proverb Rhamnusia Nemesis she held in her hand the bough of an Applle-tree and in one of the folds Phidias ingraved the name of his beloved Schollar Agoracritus Parius Phidias was first a Painter and drew the Shield of Minerva at Athens Verse 130. Myron A famous Statuary especially for his Heifer a piece so carved to life that Poets have made it immortall See the Greek Epigrams and Ausonius and Propert. Verse 131. Polyclet A most incomparable Statuary See the Comment upon Sat. 3. Verse 132. Mentor An excellent Graver of Plate Plin. l. 12. c. 11. Mart. Vasaque Mentorea nobilitata manu And Vessels grav'd by Mentor's noble hand Crassus the Orator had two Goblets of Mentor's workmanship which cost him about 2500 French Crowns Plin. lib. 33. cap. 13. Verse 133. Antonius My Author having described the riches of the East before those parts were made Roman Provinces now names the Governors that inriched themselves with the spoil of those Countries wherewith they were intrusted by the State of Rome C. Antonius was banished for six years by the Censors the reason upon record was for that he had polled the Associates of Rome See Pedian and Strab. Verse 134. Dolabella Proconsul of Asia accused by M. Scaurus and condemned upon the Law de Repetundis Tacit. Verse 135. Verres Governour of Sicily accused by Cicero part of his charge was Dico te maximum pondus auri argenti c. I say thou hast exported an infinite of Gold Silver Ivory and Purple great store of Malta Vests great store of Bedding much Furniture of Delos many Corinthian Vessels a great quantity of Corn Wine and Hony Cicero presses this against him as theft but Juvenal calls it sacrilege because Verres in robbing the Associates of Rome robbed the Gods to whom the Romans ingaged for protection of their Friends and Allies See the Comment upon Sat. 2. Verse 141. Lares Houshold Gods Vid. the Comment upon Sat. 6. Verse 146. Oild Corinth A City of Achaia in the middle of the Peloponnesian Istthmus first called Ephire It was the noblest Town of Greece and standing commodiously between the Ionian and Aegaean Seas grew so potent as to hold competition with the City of Rome and so proud as to affront the Roman Embassadours and cast dirt upon them Strab. Hereupon the Senate decreed a war against the Corinthians as Violaters of the Law of Nations and sent an Army thither under the command of L. Mummius that besieged Corinth which could not prove a work of much difficulty the Inhabitants being strangely effeminate Venus was their Patroness in whose Temple two hundred Ladies of pleasure daily stood at Livery What men was this Town likely to train up but such as Juvenal describes that perfumed themselves with rich Oiles and Essences fitter to wear garlands then armes and to meet a Mistress in a bed then an Enemy in the field When Corinth was burnt by Mummius there was a confusion of rich mettals in the fire to the high advance of the Brass which ever after by way of excellence was called Corinthian Brasse Verse 146. Rhodes See the Comment upon Sat. 6. Verse 150. Illyrian Sea-men All the coast of the Adriatick Sea from Tergestum to the Ceraunian Mountains in the Confines of Epire are inhabited by the Illyrians Pomp. Mel. Dion Alex. These had a fair opportunity to make themselves good Sea-men Verse 150. Reapers The Aegyptians a description of whose fruitfull soil and vain People I have given you at large in Pliny's Panegyrick Verse 153. Marius Marius Priscus Proconsul of Africa how he rifled the wealth of that Province and his Accusation and mock-Sentence you read in the Comment upon Sat. 1. Verse 160. Sibyl's Leaf I know not whether Juvenal means the ordinary leaves of the Sibyl's Books or the extraordinary Palme-tree leaves wherein Sibylla Cumaea writ down her predictions but this I am sure of he prophecies as truly as any of the Sibyls of the revolt of the Africans from the Roman Empire for the Pressures and Taxes laid upon them by their covetous Governours Verse 166. Harpy The Harpyes were Daughters to the Earth and Sea Serv. That they may enjoy their Father and Mother they dwell in Islands These winged creatures have the eares of a Bear the body of a Vulture the face of a Woman and hands with crooked tallons instead of fingers Virgil names but three of them Aello Ocypete and Caeleno which last Homer calls Podarge and sayes that of her Zephyrus begat Achilles his horses Balius and Zanthus Hesiod takes notice only of two Aello and Ocypete Appollonius numbers them like Hesiod Erythraeus observes that no more but two Harpyes are carved in an ancient Basis at Venice and there at this day to be seen in Saint Martins Church Yet others reckon three and Homer a fourth viz. Thyella In hell they were called Dogs in heaven Furies and Birds in earth Harpyes When Phineus King of Arcadia perswaded by his Wife Harpalice had put out the eyes of his Sons he himself by a judgement from heaven was struck blind and haunted by the Harpyes that with their dung spoiled all the rich dishes at his Table In the passage of the Argonauts to Colchos Phineus treated Jason that moved with indignation at the horrid sight bestowed upon the King Zethus and Calais Sons to Boreas which having wings like the Harpyes should beat them out of his Dominions They did so and chased them into the Isles of Plotae not far from Zacynthus where they were admonished by Iris in Hesiod
frenzie commit a Crime equal to Nero when he writ his Troicks which Juvenal urges as the greatest of his cruelties for they put him into a humour of setting Rome on fire only that he might sing his verses of Troy burning by Rome in the like condition Lastly for the Imperial Crown of his impiety he charged the fact upon the Christians condemning those poor Innocents for that which he himself had done to be tortured in pitch't Cassocks fit for Catiline and Cethegus as Juvenal here sayes that would have fired Rome and therefore fittest of all for Nero that did it This torture is fully described in Sat. 1. Verse 285. Vindex C. Julius Vindex Governor in France the first mover in the rebellion against Nero not upon his own score but upon the account of S. Sulpitius Galba Lievtenant in Spain for whom both Vindex Virginius Rufus Governor in Germany declared themselves and Juvenal thinks all three had done well if they had declared against Nero for the burning of Rome and revenged in the first place his malice to his Country Verse 390. Parsley-Crown Nero in the Isthmian prizes had carried away the Parsley-Crown from the Greek Musick-Masters Verse 292. Thyestes long train Thyestes was Son to Pelops and Hippodamia He to spight his Brother Atreus made him Cuckold Atreus to revenge himself first banished Thyestes then repealed his banishment and feasted him with the flesh of those Sons which he himself had begot upon the body of his Wife Aetope Thyestes to out doe his Brother defloured his own Daughter Pelopea by whom he had Aegysthus that assisted in the murder of Agamemnon Son to Atreus In this Tragedy of Atreus so horrid that Historians say the Sun could not have patience to behold it but went back into the East Nero played the part of Thyestes and Juvenal thinks that when the Play was done Nero might have hung the long Vest which he acted in upon the Statue of his Ancestor Cn. Domitius as well as he hanged upon the Statue of Augustus Caesar the Lute decreed him by the Judges of the Musick-exercises he having first kissed and adored it Suet. Verse 293. Antigone's and Menalippe's Tyre That we may know Nero acted upon the Stage both Mens and Womens parts my Author bids him put upon the head of L. Domitius Nero the Tyre in which he played Antigone that led her blind Father Oedipus as aforesaid and on the head of Domitius Aenobarbus to put the dress in which he played the part of Menalippe got with child by Neptune imprisoned by her Father and in a Stable delivered of a boy that was almost stifled with the stink of the place and therefore called Baeothus Verse 296. Cethegus One of the Conspirators with Catiline that covenanted to fire Rome the barbarous Galls did no more Was this a designe fit for Romans and persons of honour as they were Verse 300. Pitcht Cassocks Made for poor Christians See the end of the Comment upon Sat. 1. Verse 302. New man Cicero's Enemies in scorn of his mean birth called him novus homo new man and the poor Arpinate because he was born among the Volscians at Arpinum now Abruzzo then a poor Town yet enobled by two famous Natives M. Tullius Cicero and C. Marius Verse 306. The Gown Hail thou that wer't first stiled Father of thy Country thou that in the Gown did'st first deserve a triumph and the laurell of the tongue Thus the spirit of Cicero is complemented by Pliny lib. 7. cap. 2. Father of his Country was a title by Cato conferred upon Tully for preserving Rome from Catiline Cethegus and the rest of their faction Verse 308. Caesar. Augustus Caesar second Emperor of the Romans Consul with Cicero in the year from the foundation of Rome 722. He overthrew Brutus and Cassius at Philippi and defeated Marc. Antony at the battail of Actium where he built a City and named it from his victory Nicopolis Plutarch He reigned fifty six years In his time learning flourished then in Rome lived Virgil Horace Sallust Hortensius Athenodorus Tarseus and Sitio Alexandrinus Eutr lib. 7. But in Juvenal's opinion neither his conquest at Land nor his Sea-victory merited so much honour from his Country as those services done in the Gown by Cicero Verse 313. Marius Another poor Arpinate born in the same Town with Cicero His Father C. Marius and his Mother Fulcinia wrought for their living Plut. and so did he himself when he first came to the Army Juv. The Vine that paid him when the lazy Cramp Took his hand pallizadoing the Camp After he was a Souldier by degrees he rose from one office to another till at last the Consul Metellus made him his Lievtenant-Generall in Numidia where he took King Jugurth and drive him into Rome before the wheels of his triumphant Chariot for which service the Romans looked upon him as the only great Souldier able to defend them when they trembled at the invasion of the Cimbrians and Teutons He was then chosen Consul five times together In his fifth Consulship when he had Catulus for his Collegue he overthrew the Cimbrians and Teutons He was defeated by Sylla and hid himself in the Minturnian Fens in Campania where he was found cast into a Dungeon by the Minturnians and a Cimbrian sent to murder him But the Executioner fled from the Prisoner whose eyes as he said shot forth a flame of fire Then the Town possessed with the like fear suffered Marius to make an escape and in a small Pinnace he passed over into Africa where Juvenal sayes Sat. 10. that he begged his bread in conquered Carthage When Cinna had seized into his hands the government of Rome he called-in Marius that destroying his enemies was the seventh time chosen Consul and then dyed in Rome of a Pleurisie Plut. Ver. 317. Cimbrians The Cimbrians are the Danes and Holsatians that with the rest of the Germans are called Teutons from their God Tuesco Versteg These bodying in a vast Army were upon their march for Rome in the year 640. but Marius cut them off as aforesaid they were men of huge giantly bodies and horrid looks The Cimbrians used to rejoyce at a battail where if they fell they should die gloriously upon the bed of honor but they lamented in their sicknesses as if they were to perish basely Val. Max. Verse 321. Second Laurel He wore the first when he led King Jugurth in triumph Verse 322. Collegue Marius in his fifth Consulship was Collegue to Q. Catulus a person nobly born Both as equalls in the service of preserving their Country from the Cimbrians were equalized in the honour of triumph Verse 323. Decii The Decii were Plebeians but men of more then Patrician courage for they devoted their lives as voluntary Sacrifices for the benefit of their Country the Father in the war with the Latines the Son in the Hetrurian war the Grandchild in the war that King Pyrrhus made for the Tarentines The first Decius when
must needs be improsperous After some crosses at Sea he was cast by a storm upon the coast of Sicily where with twelve of his men he entred the Den of Polyphemus and when that Cyclops had devoured six of them Vlysses burning out his eye as aforesaid he and the rest wrapped in Ram-skins escaped Then landing in Aeolia Aeolus gave him a Wind in a bag but when it had carried him within ken of Ithaca his Mates taking it to be a bag of Gold opened it and the VVind that came out drive him back again into Aeolia From thence he passed to the Laestrygons or Canibals that eat men and so to Circe that transformed his men into beasts but Mercury gave him a counter-spell and confiding in the virtue of it he boldly came up to Circe drew his sword and forced her to restore his Mates to their own shapes Then captivated with Circe's beauty he staid with her a whole year and had by her a Son named Telegonus Hesiod affirmes that she brought him other two Arius and Latinus At last with much unwillingness she dismissed him After performance of certain ceremonies he went down into Elysium and there from the mouth of his Mother Anticlea and from Elpenor and the blind Prophet Teresias was instructed in future events Returning again into this world and to his Mistress Circe he gave the rites of buriall to the body of Elpenor that in his drink had fallen from a Ladder and broke his neck Afterwards he sailed by the Isle of the Syrens and for fear their sweet singing might inchant his men he appointed them to stop their ears with wax and commanded that he himself should be tyed to the main Mast So with much difficulty passing the Straights of Scylla and Charybdis that set their Barking Dogs upon him he arrived in Sicily where Phaethusa and Lampetia Daughters to Phoebus kept their Fathers Flocks which he charged his men not to meddle with But whilst he slept his Mates compelled by hunger and perswaded by Eurylochus killed a great sort of the sheep for which they paid their lives in a wrack at Sea not a man in the Ship escaping but only Vlysses that bestrid a Mast and was by the winde and waves for nine dayes together tossed to and fro at length being cast upon the Isle of Ogygia the Nymph Calypso gave him kinde reception seven years he staid with her in which time she had two Sons by him Nausithous and Nausinous Hesiod Into Ogygia Jupiter sent Mercury to tell the Goddess Calypso that she must no longer detain Vlysses Once again he put to Sea but when he was in sight of Corcyra inhabited by the Phaeacks Neptune raised a storm that split his Ship and he had perished if Leucothoe in pitty had not helped him to a Plank which he held by till he came safe to shoar in one of the Phaeack Havens There he hid his nakedness amongst the bushes but was found out and cloathed by Nausica Daughter to Alcinous King of that Island where by the artifice of Pallas he was brought to Queen Arete that gave him a Ship manned for service The Master landed him in Ithaca and not being able to wake him according to his Commission laid a great deal of treasure by him and left him in a dead sleep but Pallas quickly roused him and put him into a beggers habit In that pickle he came to his Neat-herds and found his Son Telemachus amongst them In this disguise he was brought to his house by his Hogherd Eumaeus where after many affronts put upon him by his Wife 's impudent Suiters his Nurse Euriclea knew him Lastly his Son Telemachus and two of his Neat-heards assisting he fell upon the pretenders to Penelope slew them all and then discovered himself to her But forewarned by the Oracle that his Son should kill him he resolved to leave his Court and lurk in the Woods mean time Telegonus his Son by Circe desirous to see his Father made a voyage to Ithaca but being a stranger to the Servants of Vlysses most uncivilly they would have shut the gates against him and his followers that disputed their entrance in the tumult by meer chance Telegonus shot his Father with a poisoned arrow dipt in the blood of the Fish Trygon The tenth Designe HEar pray'rs return'd in the Pantheon made Wealth 1 Plutus 2 send me for what hast thou pray'd Fool for thy death with Gemmes thy 3 Golden-cup Shall sparkle but with poison be fill'd up O 4 Jove I would be great 5 Sejanus thou To awe the World shalt bend the second brow Till Rome that fear'd thy 6 Statues laugh to see Them drag'd as Traytors through the Streets with thee I would be eloquent sweet 7 Pallas so Thou shalt to admiration 8 Cicero But dear this pray'd-for eloquence shall cost When for thy tongue thy hand 9 and head is lost For Conquest Spoil and Triumph 01 Mars I kneel The arme of 11 Caesar the whole World shall feel And he what every noble soul abhorres The bloody hands of base 12 Conspirators Of 13 Time I beg long life Had Pompey dy'd A young man how had he been glorify'd Now in perfidious Aegypt he lyes dead His aged 14 body sever'd from his head Make 15 this a Beauty 16 Venus Fair and Chast Shall 17 Lucrece be but yet by Rape disgrac't Figura Decima AUdi vota Deos quà m perniciosa fatigant Ô mihi fundat 1 opes Plutus 2 delire quid optas Splendidius fatum flammas imitante Pyropo Aureus extrà ardet Crater 3 intúsque veneno Jupiter 4 esse velim magnus Sejane 5 secundum Ferre supercilium Te fassus contremit orbis Mox cultae genibus Statuae 6 calcantur uncis Cum Domino lacerae debent ludibria vulgo Fac me facundum Pallas 7 prece diva movetur Eloquio pleni moderatur frena theatri Tullius 8 at magno venît Facundia solam Ob linguam rostris affixa capútque 9 manúsque Da spolia pompam rogo te Gradive 10 triumphi Ad sua devictos deducit flagra Quirites Caesar 11 at in medio quod mens generosior horret In conjurantûm medio cadit Ipse 12 senatu Da multos Saturne 13 dies juvenilibus annis Pompeius salvos inter cecidisset honores Nunc jacet Aegypti pudor sine marmore Magnus Truncatus 14 collum Titulis Senióque verendum Nata 15 sit haec formosa 16 Venus Lucretia 17 pulcra es Castáque at invitam Te laedit crimine Raptor The Manners of Men. THE TENTH SATYR OF JUVENAL The ARGUMENT For Wealth Power Eloquence success In Warre Long-life and Handsomness We pray which if the Gods bestow Our ruine to our prayers we owe. What then befits us to receive We to the Powers divine must leave And shunning riot wisely live This blessing we our selves may give IN all th' earth from Cales Westward to the streams Of Ganges gilded with the morning beams To few men Good and
Mother to Diana and Apollo And to have two Deities by Jupiter might well make her a proud Woman and a joyfull Mother as she is said to be both in Homer and Virgil. Verse 349. Lucrece Daughter to Tricipicinus Praefect of Rome Wife to Tarquinius Collatinus the great Example of Roman Chastity When Sextus Tarquin could not prevail with her by Courtship he resolved to force her and entring her Bedchamber with his sword drawn threatned more then to kill her if she yielded not for he said that when he had murdered her he would lay the dead body of a Slave in her armes to the end they might think her slain for an Adultress Terrified with these menaces to avoid infamy she suffered a Rape In the morning she sent for her Father her Husband and the rest of her Friends and breaking forth into tears acquainted them with the Tyrant's Act and immediately pulling out a knife which privately she carried for that purpose she stabbed her self Her Father Husband and Friends moved with this sad spectacle opened the business to the People which took armes against the Tyrants drive them out of Rome and banished both their King and Kingship T. Collatine upon his VVife's Monument is said to have placed this Inscription yet extant at Rome in the Bishop of Viterbo's Palace Collatinus Tarquinius dulcissimae Conjugi incomparabili pudicitiae decori mulierum gloriae Vixit annis XXII mensibus II. diebus VI. proh dolor quae fuit charissima Collatinus Tarquinius to his sweetest Wife the most incomparable pattern of Chastity the glory of her Sex she lived 22 years 2 moneths and 6 dayes Woe is me she that was my dearest This Epitaph is likewise to be seen amongst the Fabrician Antiquities Quum foderet ferro castum Lucretia pectus Sanguinis torrens egrederetur ait Procedant testes me non placuisse Tyranno Ante virum Sanguis Spiritus ante deos The wound in her chaste breast when Lucrece made The crimson torrent bursting out she said Come forth you Witnesses that Tarquin stole No love Blood to my lord to heav'n my Soul See Liv. in the end of lib. 1. Verse 351 Virginia A great Beauty Daughter to L. Virginius a Plebeian The Decemvir Appius Claudius laid a plot to ravish her and that he might doe it without danger of the Law he suborned one of his Clients to take her for a Slave as being a supposititious Child to Virginius his Wife and the reall Issue of a Slave to the said Client for whom his Patron Appius gave Judgement that so he might have free access to her Her Father not knowing any other way to preserve his Daughter unstained slew her with his own hands and bid her Goe Daughter I send thee to the shades of our fore-fathers free and honest two titles which tyranny would not let thee enjoy living Then with his hands reeking in his Daughter's blood he fled to his fellow souldiers and told them what inforced him to murder her For this Claudius first suffered imprisonment and then death Liv. Verse 351. Rutila Lura Rutila an ugly bunch-backt woman that lived to be above threescore and seventeen years old Plin. lib. 7. Verse 356. Sabines If they had not been chaste and loving VVives they would hardly have come to make a Peace between their Husbands and their Fathers ready to joyn battail as you may see in the Comment upon Sat. 6. Verse 378. Servilia A Lady very deformed both in body and mind that still made her Gallants her Pentioners Verse 384. Bellerophon A Person infinitely handsome Son to Glaucus King of Ephyre He being in the Argive Court was looked upon with an eye of pleasure by Sthenoboea Wife to Praetus King of Argos and she stuck not to invite him to her imbraces but beyond her expectation suffering a flat denyall She was so much inraged at this affront to her beauty that she accused the innocent stranger for attempting to ravish her The King credited her testimony but when she pressed him to doe her justice he would not violate the Lawes of hospitality so as to kill him in his own Palace but desired the favour that Bellerophon in his journey through Lycia would deliver his and the Queen's Letters which you may be sure moved for his present execution to her Father Jobates that being though not less cruel then his Daughter yet more carefull of his honor would not put him to death publickly but imployed him in a desperate service against his enemies the Solymi a barbarous and warlike people to which he with a small force gave a totall rout After this and many other dangers conquered by his valour he was sent to kill that hidious Monster the Chimaera which he did by the favour of Neptune that accommodated him with the winged horse Pegasus Jobates admiring the courage and fortune of the Youth gave him part of his Kingdome with one of his Daughters by whom he had Isander Hippolochus and Laodamia Hom. Iliad VVhen Sthenoboea heard of his marriage with her Sister she killed her self Bellerophon proud of his successes attempted to flie up to heaven but Jove sent a gad-flie that made his horse cast him and break his neck the place where he fell being afterwards called the Alleian Field But Pegasus performed his journey and was made a Star by Jupiter Some say that as Castor invented a Coach and Erichton a Chariot so Bellerophon found out the use of Gallies wherewith in a Sea-fight he conquered that valiant people the Solymi and sailing he was said to flye upon the back of a winged horse Vid. Pindar Interpr Verse 385. Hippolytus Son to Theseus by Hippolyta the Amazon others say by Antiope His whole delight was to be on horse-back in the field a hunting When he returned to Court he regarded not the Ladies that were much taken with his person and in the first place the Queen his Step-mother Phoedra She found an opportunity in her Husband's absence to intice him to her Bed but he gave her a flat denyall with much indignation which so incensed her that she told his Father he intended to ravish her and murder him Hippolytus understanding his Step-mother's designe upon his life took Coach and fled But the Sea-calves lying then upon the shore frighted with the rattling of his wheels and the neighing of his horses tumbled into the Sea with such a hideous noise that the horses started and ran away with Hippolytus drawing the poor Youth tangled in the rains through the craggy rocks till they pulled him to pieces He was buried in the Aricine Grove consecrated to Diana Ovid Fast. lib. 3. Diana pittying her fellow-Huntsman desired the great Physitian Aesculapius to use all his skill for recovery of the dead Prince whose torn limbs he set together and by his Hermetick art brought him to life again Hippolytus revived left Attica and came into Italy where he called himself Virbius twice a man there he married a Lady whose name was
triplici rictu oblatrare videtur Terribilis dicat quod jus in Flamine 4 Praetor 5 Credit esse aram vitaeque necÃsque Tribunal Numina laesa putat flagro fidibúsque litari Lictorem virgisque 6 Popae circundare ferrum Poena illum vehemens multò saevior urget Quà m si Te diris juvet auxiliaribus Orcus Sed nè successu crescat fiducia fraudis Justitiam ut discant moniti non temnere Divos Perfidus antiquis addit perjuria culpis Extinctum ut videas totâ cum prole superstes The Manners of Men. THE THIRTEENTH SATYR OF JUVENAL The ARGUMENT Old Calvin of a Trust beguil'd Is chid for vexing like a Child When by experience he hath known How base the cheating World is grown But this firme hope his heart may cheere Though such Rogues pass unsentenc'd here Yet conscience will their Hangman prove Nor can they scape the Judge above THe Crime committed presently torments The Author 't is the first of punishments That no offender can himself acquit Though the brib'd Praetor his just doom remit What sense CALVINUS thinkst thou each man hath Of this Trepan thy Trustee's broken faith Nor is thy stock so poor that such a losse Should sink thee nor is 't an unheard-of crosse The cheat is common daily brought about A Lot from fortune's middle heap drawn out We must not let our grief be too profound Man's Pain should be no greater then his Wound Thou bear'st not a slight hurt a scratch a turn Off fortune's wheel thy bowels rage and burn That a pretended friend is so unjust Not to restore to thee a sacred Trust Is this news to one born when CAPITO Was Consull above threescore years ago Gain'st thou by long experience nothing then 'T is true that Science makes the happy men Which conquers Fortune with celestiall Books But yet we call him happy too that brooks Life's discommodities and never shakes The yoke but life for his directress takes What day so holy but some Thief we find Perfidiousness deceit of every kind Vice being grown a beneficiall Trade By poyson and the sword great fortunes made For good men are grown scarce the number small If 't be summ'd up you will not finde in all So many true deservers of that stile As there are gates to Thebes or mouths to Nile 'T is the ninth Age worse then the iron Times Nature no Mettle hath to name our crimes Yet O the faith of Men and Gods we cry In furious passion with a voice as high As theirs the Vocall Sportula do raise When they FAESIDIUS in his pleading praise Tell me Old-man that should'st Child 's bubbles wear Know'st not how many VENUSES appear In others gold nor how they laugh at thee That simply look'st no man should perjur'd be But would'st the world to a belief compell That Gods in Temples and red Altars dwell Thus liv'd th' earth's honest Natives e're his Crown Old SATURN flying for his life laid down And took his Country-Sithe up JUNO then A little Girle JOVE hid in IDA'S den No heavenly feasts above the clouds no Boy To wait Cup-bearer was fetcht up from Troy Nor wine fair HEBE fill'd but VULCAN pour'd Nectar himself and his own fingers scour'd Fould in his Lip'rene Work-house Then alone Din'd Gods their crowd was not so num'rous grown The Stars had not took in so great a freight But press'd poor ATLAS with a gentler weight Th' infernall regions no one's Lot had been No grim-fac'd DIS and his Sicilian Queen No Wheel Stone Furies no black Vultur's pain But Hell was free and every Ghost did raign Fraud rare and capitall the crime was then If youths would not rise up to aged men A boy to any beard although the Lad More strawberries more heaps of acrons had Four years precedence was so much esteem'd Part of old age the chin's first down then seem'd Now if a man his friend 's Depositum Deny not but returns the bag and summe With all the rust the faith prodigious looks Worthy to be in Tuscan Soothsay'rs books Recorded ev'n the place where it was found Ought to be purg'd too with a Lamb that 's crown'd To me an honest man more Monster seems Then nature shakes at when a woman teems A Child with two heads then Mules foaling found Or wond'rous Fishes plow'd out of the ground It mazes me as much as if a showre Of stones the clouds upon my head should poure Or as a swarm of Bees o' th' Temple-top Hung like a bunch of grapes as if'twould drop Or as a River with a violent stream Flow'd headlong to the Sea that ran pure cream Thou cry'st out that of ten Sestertia hee By sacrilegious fraud hath cheated thee What if another hath two hundred lost By such a trust if it a third hath cost As many as a spatious Chest could hold So easily men with the Gods make bold When they alone behold the sin we act No mortall being witness to the fact Mark 's loud denyall how unmov'd he bears His juggling count'nance by SOL'S beams he swears JOVE'S Thunder MARS his Spear APOLLO'S Darts Her Shafts and Quiver that shoots Hindes and Harts His Virgin-Sister by the Father to AEGAEUS NEPTUNE'S Trident adds the bow Of HERCULES MINERVA'S Pike puts in With all the Armes stor'd in Heav'ns Magazin Wishes his Son's head boil'd may be his meat Which he with Pharian Vineger would eat There are that hold all things by chance were made And that the world 's by no first mover sway'd Nature returning us the day and year And so touch any altars void of fear To suffer for his crimes another fears Thinks there are Gods and yet himself forswears Forecasting thus let ISIS punish me Upon my body what she please decree Beat with her timbrells my eyes out so I Though blind may keep the money I deny What is the ptisick or the rotten cough O' th' lungs or half a thigh to gold enough So that ARCHIGENES be kept away And Hellebor brought from Anticyra Wherewith he gives his gouty Patients ease Poor nimble LADAS the rich gout would please For what 's the glory crowns a Foot-man's browes Those hunger-sterv'd Pisaean Olive-boughs But say the wrath of Heav'n be great 't is slow And if the Gods destroy each guilty foe When will they come to me Besides I may As some doe get a pardon if I pray Men's fates are divers though their crimes be one A Cross exalts that Villain this a Throne Thus their souls trembling at foul sin they cheer Then if thou bid'st them at the altar swear They run before thee nay pull thee along And vex thy spirits with a rayling tongue For in all causes th' impudent defence Most men believe to be just confidence He as 't were in CATULLUS his fine Play Acts in thy ear the Mimick Run-away Louder then STENTOR thou cry'st out poor wretch As loud as HOMER'S MARS his voice could stretch Hear'st JOVE nor speak'st thou now when words
Exiles thou shalt glory in his pain And odious name and once with comfort find No God is deaf nor like TIRESIAS blind The Comment UPON THE THIRTEENTH SATYR VErse 2. The first of punishments Is the Malefactors Conscience Magna est vis c. Great is the power of Conscience on both parts that neither the innocent can fear and yet guilty men ever have their punishments before their eyes Cic. Verse 4. Praetor The Praetors in their institution were Deputies to the Consuls when the Wars impeded their administration of Justice to the people At first there was but one sworn Praetor afterwards Causes multiplying the Praetor Peregrinus or Country Praetor was added and the number at last encreased to 18. The two first Praetors Presidents of the Centumvirall Ballot Plin. were they that ought to have done justice to Calvinus for to their Jurisdiction it belonged to give judgement in Cases of equity and to decree restitution for money or goods unlawfully detain'd Rosin Ant. Rom. lib. 7. cap. 11. Verse 6. Thy Trustee's broken faith Perditissimi hominis est c. It is the part of a Villain at once both to break friendship and to deceive him that had not been damnified if he had not trusted idem Verse 11. We must not let our grief Neve tam graviter c. We must not take those misfortunes so grievously which by no councell we can avoid and by calling to mind the like fortunes of others we may know that ours is no new accident Cic. Verse 16. A sacred Trust. Aristotle in his Problems queries Why there is more injustice in denying a Trust then a Debt He answeres Either because it is base to wrong a Friend or because a greater injury is committed For besides the Loss Faith is violated Verse 17. Capito L. Fonteius Capito when Nero Caesar reigned was Collegue in the Consulship with C. Vipsanius From hence may be computed the time when Juvenal lived and writ this Satyr viz. in the second year of the Emperor Hadrian in the year of Rome 872. See Lips lib. 4. Epist. Quaest. Epistola 20. Verse 20. That Science Philosophy especially in the Stoicks books that bid every man look for all manner of evils and adversities If they happen things foreseen will be suffered with more ease if they happen not that which is beyond Hope should be accounted Benefit Read Seneca and Epictetus Magnitudinis animi proprium est c. It is proper to great spirits to fear nothing to despise all humane things and to think nothing that can happen to man insufferable Cic. Verse 32. Thebes That had as many Gates as Nile had Mouths viz. 7. But then you must understand Thebes in Boeotia for Thebes in Aegypt had a hundred Sat. 15. And Thebes lyes with her hundred Gates inter'd The seaven Mouthes of Nile are named in the Comment upon Sat. 6. Verse 33. Ninth Age. Juvenal reckons one Age more then the Tuscan Soothsayers yet they were thought great men as appears in this Satyr the Faith prodigious looks Worthy to be in Tuscan Soothsay'rs books Recorded The Question was What the shrill and mournfull sound of the trumpet signified which in a clear skie and hot day the Romans heard in the aire Resolved by the Tuscan Soothsayers That it portended the End of that Age of the World and the Beginning of another Age. For the World was to have eight Ages different in lives and manners to every one of these God had limited a certain time within the compass of the great year Now at the going out of one Age and the coming in of another the Earth or Heaven produces some Prodigie whereby the Masters in this knowledge presently discern that men will alter in their lives and manners and accordingly be more or less favoured by the Gods then those of the former Age. Plut. in Syll. But their eight Ages might be named by severall Metalls Gold Silver Electrum Brass Copper Tin Lead and Iron therefore Juvenal adds a ninth worse then the Iron times Nature no mettle hath to name our crimes Verse 37. Vocall Sportula The Men or rather Voices that feed upon the meat-Sportula of Faesidius the Lawyer which obliges them to cry him up when he pleads his Clients Causes Verse 39. Childs bubbles The bullaes or bubbles worn by the Children of the Romans vid Sat. 5. Verse 46. Old Saturn Called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Time and still painted with a Sythe In his reign the Poets supposing it to be the beginning of Time fancied the Golden Age or the purest World men being then ignorant of vices which ignorance of vice as Justin saith of the Thracians brought the Barbarians to more perfection then ever the Philosophers attained by the Knowledge of Virtue See the beginning of the Com. upon Sat. 6. Verse 48. Ida A Mountain neer Troy famous for the concealment of Jupiter from his devouring Father Saturn as also for Paris there he was bred amongst the Shepheards and gave the golden Ball from Juno and Pallas to Venus lastly for Ganymede Son to the King of Troy taken up from thence by the Eagle as in the Comment upon Sat. 5. and carried to Heaven to be Cupbearer to Jupiter in place of Hebe the Goddess of Youth afterwards married to Hercules This remove of Hebe incensed her Mother Juno against the Trojans almost as much as the judgement of Paris in contempt of her beauty Verse 53. Liparene Workhouse One of the 7. Liparene Islands called Ephesian by the Greeks Vulcanian by the Latins See the beginning of the Comment upon Sat. 1. Verse 56. Atlas Juvenal thinks it great injustice to poor Atlas that so many new Gods should come into Heaven to oppress him with their weight one of the number being Hercules that once eased him of his load Verse 65. Four years precedence Apud antiquissimos Romanorum c. Among the most ancient Romans neither to the greatness of birth or wealth was more honour done then by the younger to the elder persons which they reverenced and worshipped almost as much as their Parents and the Gell. lib. 2. cap. 15. Verse 67. Depositum Any thing intrusted by a man to the faith of another man Verse 70. Tuscan Soothsayers The Romans had the art of Divination from the Tuscan Soothsayers that presaged of future events by Prodigies which they still put upon record See the former part of the Comment upon this Satyr Tit. Ninth Age. Verse 73. A Lamb that 's crown'd With flowers as all beasts sacrificed were Verse 96. Aegaeus Father to Theseus the Founder of Athens Verse 99. Wishes his Son's head boil'd The Rogue when he denies a sum of money deposited in his hands after he hath sworn by all the Artillery of Heaven will not stick to make Imprecations against himself and wish that he may fare like Thyestes that eat the head of his own Son See the end of the Comment upon Sat. 8. Only this perjur'd Villain would have worse sawce then Thyestes
Milesian's death his Sons demanded the money deposited Glaucus denyed the receipt and turned them out of Town They went to Milesium he to Delphos where he put this Case to the Oracle What if a man forswear himself The Pythia or Apollo's Prophetick Priestess answered He that swears false may gain by it but shall dye so shall he that swears the truth but the perjured man shall leave no issue by degrees his perjury shall eat out his House Name and Family Glaucus terrified with this answer humbly begged pardon of Apollo whereunto the Pythia replied To tempt the God and to commit the fact is one and the same crime Glaucus sent for the Milesians and restored to them the money deposited by their Father Yet a while after he died an untimely death and his Family was extirpated root and branch Herodot lib. 7. Verse 274. The comb of a poor Cock For the recovery of a sick person at Rome Sheep and Lambs were sacrificed to his Lars or houshold Gods and a Cock to Aesculapius which had been the ancient custome of the Greeks as you see in the last words of Socrates O Crito I owe Aesculapius a Cock be sure to pay my debt Verse 289. Aegaean rocks This answereth to the place in Plinius Secundus as I have observed in my Notes upon his Panegyrick pag. 22. his words are these How much diversity of times could doe is now specially known when to the same Rocks where formerly every innocent person now only the guilty are confined and all those desert-Islands which late were filled with Senators are now planted with Informers Verse 292. Tiresias A Theban Prophet Son to Everus His Country-men the Grecians that instead of writing Histories tell tales do say That in Cythaeron he saw two Dragons in the act of generation and taking notice which was the female killed her immediately he himself was turned into a woman After seven years he met with the like sight again slew the male Dragon and was restored to his first shape and sex Then a dispute hapning between Juno and Jove Whether male or female had more sense of pleasure Tiresias was made Umpire and gave judgement for Jove that the pleasure is greater in the female For this Juno took away his sight others say he was struck blind when he saw Pallas naked Jove to recompence the loss of his sight gave him the spirit of foresight making him a Prophet Vlysses questioned his soul in Elyzium as in the Comment upon Sat. 9. The Monument of Tiresias was erected at the foot of the Mountain Tilphossus in Boeotia neer to the Fountain Tilphossa where in the time of his banishment he ended his life by a draught of cold water which in extreme old age oppressed his spirits in a moment After his death the Thebans gave him divine honours Of his transformation read Ovid. Metam lib. 3. Figura Decima Quarta VIrtutis ratio est vitioso magna parenti In sobolem si restet amor si viscera tantúm Talos profusus 1 pater odit parvulus haeres Cum ludit mimúsque eadem movet arma fritillo Fastidit lautae senior Gulo fercula coenae Insignem bullâ puerum 2 erudiente Magiro Fictile condire plumas ubi detrahat ollae Indere ficedulas in eodem jure natantes Quo spes merguntur quas concepêre Propinqui Musica nulla sonat vernaeque Laris que Tyranno 3 Tortorum in strepitu cum filius esse Procrustes Coepit sopitósque breves extendere servos Lena 4 parens vafram quae docta Cupidinis Artem Filiolae dictat quà sit lactandus Adulter Dispumat quoties vinum se sobria damnat Pupam maternae quod traxerit orbita culpae Gibbosus 5 majúsque animo quà m corpore monstrum Instituit similem qualem generaverat offam Per quodvis augere jubens patrimonia crimen Ast ubi quem docuit geniti cadet ense Magister Victima Avaritiae superis si redditus auris In melius prolem teneris effingeret annis The fourteenth Designe IF vitious Parents did but love their blood Ev'n for their Childrens sake they would be good What 1 Gamester hates not play that sees his Son New-coated trying how the Dice will run Who loaths not feasts that hath in 's Kitchin took His 2 Heir instructed by his Master-Cook Pulling of wild foul in the Bisk to swim Thus sinking all his Kindred's hopes of him A 3 Tyrant in his house will not be milde To his whipt Slaves when he beholds his Childe His young Procrustes stretch a sleeping boy To help his growth The 4 Bawd that to imploy Her long experience her Daughter schools When she writes letters to her am'rous fools If Sack would suffer her must curse the time That e're she us'd the Girle in her like Crime The 5 Wretch that makes his Son a truer Ape Of his ill nature then his ugly shape Advising him his fortunes to improve By all means all obstructions to remove When his apt Scholar kills him might he live Would to his next Child better Precepts give The Manners of Men. THE FOURTEENTH SATYR OF JUVENAL The ARGUMENT By Parents ill examples led Their Children are to Gaming bred To gluttony to rage to lust To getting wealth by wayes unjust When Creatures meerly sensitive To their seed gen'rous breeding give And Man for shame should teach to His What Nature and Right Reason is TThere are FUSCINUS certain stains that spoil A handsome Breeding and fame's beauty soil In many things which in a blood doe run Deriv'd from the lew'd Father to the Son If th' Old-man dice th' Heire in long-coats will doe The like and flings out of small boxes too What better hope can any kinsman have Of Boyes that Mushromes for the Olio shave And drown the Beccafico's swimming in 't Taught by the knave their father taking hint From gray-hair'd gluttony In their sev'nth yeare E're all their black teeth cast the white appear A thousand Tutors with grave beards provide On this as many on the other side He will love costly suppers still and hate From a great Kitchin to degenerate Milde temper that will pardon small mistakes That servants souls and ours one matter makes Like Elements our bodies is this taught Or Cruelty by RUTILUS That 's caught With a delight to heare whips crack their strings And thinks no Syren half so sweetly sings Th' ANTIPHATES and POLIPHEME to fright His House pleas'd when 's Tormentor in his sight Into 's slave's forehead a hot Iron runs For two course napkins lost what learn his Sons Of him that loves chains clinking and to stand Spelling the letters Country Hang-men brand Could'st thou think LARGA'S daughter would not prove A wench whose lips so fast can never move Reckoning the partners in her mothers crimes But that she must at least breath thirty times She a young child knew when th' Adulterer Came to her mother that 's now Bawd to her By th' old-one are her little
man upon his merit stood As greater nor his Country's faith accus'd As if he had ingratefully been us'd This glebe the good man the good wife that lies In Child-bed all the Cottage did suffice Four Infants one Slave and young Masters three The ablest of which Brothers us'd to be Most feasted pulse was for their supper got Which on the fire smoak't in the greatest Pot When they came home from digging or the plow So much land scarce serves for a Garden now Hence almost springs all evill no one sin That to the mind of mankind enters in Poysons or kills more then wealth's cruell thirst For all men would be rich and rich at first But what regard of Law what fear what shame In greedy rich men flying to their aime Live pleas'd that you these Sheds those Hillocks have The Marsian Hernick Vestine Old-men gave This counsell to their Youth to serve your board The follow'd Plough will bread enough afford This pleases best the Country-Gods that found And taught us th' Art of plowing up the ground The sweets whereof when once we understood We scorn'd the Oak that bore our ancient food They are not given to any kind of vice That shame not to wade through the broken Ice In Fishermens great Boots and wear Coats lin'd With our own furres to keep away the wind All th' evill all the wickedness we do The forrein unknown Purple bring us to These Precepts th' Ancients gave Now Autumn past The balling Father to 's Son snoaring fast At midnight cryes Wake boy take paper draw And look you sleep not ore 't a Case in Law Read th' old Law Rubricks keep the Vine in chase Petitioning for a Centurion's place Broad shoulders hairy nostrills uncomb'd hair In LAELIUS the Gen'rall's Eye shew fair The Moorish Huts or British Tow'rs destroy At threescore a rich Eagle to enjoy If the long labour of the Camp displease If Fifes and Cornets bring the loose disease Buy what for as much more will sell again Nor doe thou any Merchandize disdain Though not on this side Tiber to be brought Without distinction let all ware be bought Whether perfumes or hides thy Chapmen sell From whence soe're it rises Gain smells well Repeat this Sentence by th' old Poet writ Worthy the strain of a Celestiall wit Which JOVE himself might utter 't is so just No matter whence it comes but come it must When Boyes beg pence old Wives this Lesson set Girles learn it e're they learn their Alphabet To any who shall thus his Children school This I reply Tell me thou vainest fool Why spurr'st thou him go make a sure account Thy Boy his Tutor shall as far surmount As TELEMON by AJAX his brave Son Or PELEUS by ACHILLES was out-done Spare thy Child native Evill hath not fear'd His conscience yet but when he combs his beard And shaves he then will a false witness come Sell perjury for any little summe Touch CERE'S Altar nay her foot For dead Give thy poor Daught'r in Law ev'n when she 's led Into thy fatall house a wealthy Bride Death in her sleep by thy Son's touch apply'd Thou bid'st him gather wealth by land and seas He finds short wayes Great crimes are done with ease But thou wilt say when 't is too late I lay'd No such commands did no such thing perswade Yet of his wicked mind art thou the cause From thee his damned Principles he draws For they that getting of great summs enjoyn And make their ill-taught Children doat on coyn Bidding them where advantage serves deceive Doe the whole rains unto the Chariot leave Which would'st thou stop it knows not how to stay But all bounds broke despight thee runs away None sins just so far as he hath in charge But at his pleasure will his vice inlarge When to thy Son thou say'st Fools only grant A Friends suit or relieve a Kinsman's want Thou teachest him to spoil to circumvent And by all mischiefs Riches to augment Which with as great a zeal thou dost adore As e're the DECII to their Country bore To Thebes MENAECEUS if Greece say true In whose land sown with Dragons teeth there grew Legions with swords shields that forthwith fought As they along their Trumpeter had brought That fire by thy spark kindled thou shalt see Flaming devouring all not sparing thee The fierce young Lion in his furious rage Will tear's old trembling Keeper in his cage Although Astrologers doe thy Scheme erect 'T is tedious the slow distaffe to expect He breaks thy thread that hinders his intents The Youth thy long and Hart-like age torments Send quickly let ARCHIGENES be found And buy what MITHRIDATES did compound If thou wilt smell another Rose or eat Another Fig e're thou sitt'st down to meat An Antidote let some that loves thee bring A Father as much needs it as a King 'T is Sport the like upon no Stage hath been Nor in the Praetor's Shew was ever seen To note what lives are lost a house to found And what Chests lin'd with gold with iron bound CASTOR now watches since MARS fell asleep His Helmet stoln nor could his own Goods keep Scorn CERE'S FLORA'S CYBEL'S Pastimes then No Playes no Shows like Bus'nesses of Men. Can it so take to see one backward stoop And cast his flexive body through a hoop Or from the stretcht-out Rope appear to slip As to see thee in thy Corycian Ship Dwelling for South and South-east winds to wrack Selling thy life to buy a stinking sack That from old Creet to fetch fat wine do'st love And their great Flaggons neighbours-born to JOVE Yet he that so his slipp'ry footing sets Eats by it and the Rope his pardon gets From cold and hunger thou dost undertake Thy dangers for a thousand tallents sake A hundred Villa's View the Ports survey Seas fill'd with wracks man's major-part at Sea And Seamen sail where there 's most hope of gain Through the Carpathian and Getulian Main Nay beyond Calpe hear the setting Sun Into th' Herculean Ocean hissing run For what to bring home bags with money swell'd To brag of wealth and that thou hast beheld Mermaids and Monsters it must be confess'd These more then with one Fury are possess'd As mad as he that in his Sisters hands The Furies haunted with their Snakes and brands Or he that when a Bull or Oxe he goard Thought AGAMEMNON or ULYSSES roar'd Though such their cloaks coats from tearing spare Yet they are mad-men that so heap their ware As to the upper Deck they cast a bank Distinguish't from the billowes by one plank Vent'ring for Bullion thus whereon they print Small faces and inscriptions at the Mint Lightning and Clouds oppose weigh Anchors cryes The Corn and Pepper-Merchant let no skies With their black wens your manly hearts affright 'T is Summur-thunder The poor wretch that night Perhaps is cast away and in 's left hand Or teeth his purse and girdle bears to land He late unsatisfi'd with all
body Intelligi c. It may be easily conceived that no obligation can be so holy or solemn which avarice will not dispense with Cic. Verse 208. The Marsian c. To be contented with their poor Cottages and Hillocks not to build Palaces and purchase Appulian Mountains was counsell given to their Children by the ancient Country people of Italy the Marsians neer to Alba their neighbours the poor Hernicks between Alba and Lavinium and the Vestines between the Sabines and the Marsians Verse 211. Country-Gods Tellus and Ceres that taught Husbandry and how to force out of the Earth a better food then was known in the golden age Sat. 6. Whil'st man acrons belcht Verse 225. Law Rubricks Titles of old Lawes writ in red letters Verse 225. Vine The Vine-battoon wherewith the Centurions belaboured the sides of their lazy Souldiers as my Author instances in C. Marius beaten with the Vine when he was the Camp-Carpenter Sat. 8. Verse 230. At threescore a rich Eagle The covetous Father tells his Son that if he will endure the hardship of the warre till he be threescore years of age he may then get to be Standart-bearer a place of little danger and great profit Verse 235. On this side Tiber. Beyond Tiber or at the Roman bank-side would it were so in all great Cities dwelt the men of sordid or noisome Trades as Tanners Fish-mongers Diers Bruers c. Mart. lib. 6. Non detracta cani Transtiberina cutis Not a Transtib'rine skin flead from a Dog Verse 238. Gain smells well He alludes to the answer of Vespasian Caesar made to his Son Titus that moved against the raising of money by Taxes or Excise laid upon Urine Vespasian pulling out of his pocket a new minted piece of gold asked How smells it Titus he replied very well Sir yet said Vespasian this came out the Pis-pot Suet. Verse 242. No matter whence it comes The whole verse is quoted out of the old Poet Ennius Verse 249. As Telamon by Ajax My Author sayes A Child that receives base precepts of thrift from his Father will when he comes to be a man goe as farre beyond his Instructor in villany as Ajax or Achilles transcended their Fathers in gallantry and honour Thus they were derived Jupiter Aeacus Telamon Ajax Peleus Achilles Verse 255. Touch Ceres Altar Whereunto no Wanton durst once approach much less a perjured person See the Comment upon Sat. 6. Verse 258. By thy Son's touch A crime charged by M. Caecilius upon Calphurnius Bestia Plin. Verse 279. Menaeceus Son to Creon King of Thebes When the City was besieged by the Argives the Oracle promised that Thebes should not be taken if the last of the Family of Cadmus would voluntarily die Menaeceus thinking himself concerned fell upon his own sword Cic. 2. Tuscul. Others say the Prophet Tiresius told Menaeceus that Thebes should be impregnable never to be conquered if he would goe to the Dragon's Den and there sacrifice his own life whereupon unknown to his Father he stole thither and slew himself Juvenal puts a dubious mark upon this History because the Grecians write That Cadmus the killer of the Dragon sowed his teeth in ploughed lands where they presently sprung up in squadrons of armed men that fought and killed one another Ovid. Metam lib. 3. Verse 290. Hart-like The Hart lives nine hundred years as some say but all know he is very long liv'd Vita cervi c. the longavity of Harts is evident some having been taken after a hundred years with Gold Collars about their necks put on by Alexander the great and covered over with meer fat Plin. lib. 8. cap. 32. where you may read an excellent description of the Hart. Verse 291. Archigines A greek Phisitian as aforesaid in high esteem with the Romans that like us and almost all nations whatsoever value Strangers more then Natives but Gallen often inveighs against him perhaps he might have a Peek to Archigenes and hate him upon the same reason that made his Country-men admire him viz. because he was a stranger only with this addition that the stranger intrenched upon his practice Verse 292. Mithridates See the end of the Comment upon Sat. 6. Verse 301. Castor See the Comment upon Sat. 13. To his Temple in Rome great monyed men removed their iron-barred Chests from the Temple in the Forum Augusti dedicated to Mars the Revenger where Thieves had broke in that robbed the Merchants and spared not Mars himself for they stole away his Helmet Verse 303. Ceres See the Comment upon Sat. 6. The Pastimes or Pageants carried about the Circus in honour of Ceres were showed in this manner The stealing away of Proserpine and the lamentation of Ceres was acted by Roman Ladies habited all in white The Pomp of this solemn Show is thus set down in all particulars by Tertul. de Spect. cap. 7. Simulachrorum series c. 1. The Gods Images 2. The Effigies of great persons 3. Chariots of State empty 4. Chariots filled with the Gods Images 5. VVaggon-Chariots wherein were placed the figures of riding Gods Alex ab Alex. lib. 2. cap. 30. 6. Chairs of State 7. Crowns The last Spoils taken from the Enemy Ovum in Cerealis Pompae c. The principall ingredient that made up the Cereall Pomp was an Egge Hesp. de orig fest Rosin lib. 5. cap. 14. Alex. ab Alex. lib. 6. cap. 19. The reason of providing an Egge as I conceive was that which made them set up the Ovall Tower in the Circus Sat. 6. at th' Ovall Tow'r before the rounds O' th' Dolphin-pillars viz. in memory of Castor and Pollux hatched out of Eggs The Dolphin-Pillars were erected in honour of Neptune Verse 303. Flora's Of the Florall Shows we have spoke in the Comment upon Sat. 6. and likewise of Cybel's or the Ludi Megalenses Verse 308. Corycian Ship Bound for Corycium a Promontory in Creet where Jupiter was born there to be laded with Jupiter's neighbours great Flaggons and wine to fill to them called by the Romans Passum made of withered grapes dried in the Sun which insolation brought the liquor to be sweet and fatning Verse 320. Carpathian The Carpathian Sea goes beyond Rhodes Creet and Cyprus and is so named from the Island Carpathus lying between Rhodes and Creet Verse 320. Getulian The Straits of Gibraltar where the two Herculean Pillars stand Calpe on the Spanish side and Abila on the Libyan Coast. These Pillars in my Authors time as in the beginning of Sat. 10. were believed to be the farthest west by the vulgar which sailing beyond the Straits would conceive themselves to hear the Sun 's burning Chariot set hissing in the Herculean Ocean Verse 327. He. Orestes that imagined himself haunted with his Mother's Ghost and her guard of Furies shaking their snaky locks and flourishing their Torches as in the beginning Comment upon Sat. 1. Verse 329. Or he Ajax that being evicted by the Sentence of Agamemnon in the Suit between him and Vlysses
ancient City of Aegypt built as some say by Bacchus as others affirm by Busyris and once so called Diodor. Cic. and Herodot that sayes it was in compass a hundred and fourty furlongs and therefore named Hecatompylos Verse 7. Long-tail'd Monkey A kind of Monkey which the Aegyptians worshipped for a God This Monkey the Cercopithecus had a black head and hair upon all the rest of the body like Asses hair Plin. lib. 8. cap. 21. Verse 9. The Hound Anubis Son to Isis and Osiris He gave the Hound for his Armes or the impress of his Shield and therefore was adored in the shape of a Hound This made Aegypt so superstitious that if a Dog dyed in any house the whole family shaved themselves which was their greatest expression of mourning But Juvenal derides them that worship the Hound and not the Goddess of hunting Diana Of terrestriall creatures the Aegyptians in generall only worshipped three the Bull or Cow the Dog and Cat. Of water-animals two the Lepidot and Oxyrinth Strab. Some particular places as the Saitae and Thebans adored Sheep the Latopolitanes the broad Fish the Lycopolitanes the Wolf Kid and Goat the Mendesians the Mouse and the Athribites the Spider Strab. lib. 17. Verse 11. A Leek or Onion Wherein they conceived there must needs be a Divinity because they crost the influences of the Moon decreasing when she increased and growing when she wained Plin. Verse 15. Sheep The Aegyptian Priests eat only Veal and Goose but altogether abstained from Lamb and Mutton Diodor. lib. 2. Verse 18. Alcinous King of the Phaeacks whose Daughter Nausicae found Vlysses amongst the bushes as in the end of the Comment upon Sat. 9. and brought him to her father where at Supper he discoursed his voyage and told how Polyphemus and Antiphates eat up his Mates which inhumane crueltie in my Author's opinion must needs be thought so incredible and ridiculous a lie to the soberer sort of Phaeacks that he wonders some of them killed him not for abusing them with impossibilities viz. that men should eat men all the rest of his Mandevilian adventures as that Scylla and Carybdis set their Dogs at him That the Cyan rocks on either side of the Thracian Bosphorus met and joyned together That Neptune gave him bladders filled with wind that Circe turned his men into Hogs he thinks might be easier believed or past by as pardonable fictions But that one man should kill and eat another what sober man can credit Verse 30. Corcyraean wine The excellent strong wine of Corcyra anciently Phaeacia Plin. now Corfu and so called by Cicero Famil Epist. 9. Verse 33. Junius To prove the matter of fact in this sad relation as if he were to prove a Law he names the Consul Junius Sabinus Collegue with Domitian Caesar at the time when his Minion Paris the Player got a Commission for Juvenal to have a Regiment of Foot at Pentapolis in Aegypt where that barbarous crueltie was acted Verse 34. Coptus A Metropolitan City of Aegypt Ptol. Plut. Strab. a Haven common to the Aegyptians and Arabians inclining towards the red Sea neer to the Emerald-Mines Over this Town the Sun at noon day is almost in his verticall point Verse 37. Pyrrha Wife to Deucalion See the Comment upon Sat. 1. From her time Juvenal bids us summe up all Tragick Examples as that of Atreus feasting his brother Thyestes with his own Sons Medea killing her Children Orestes his Mother as aforesaid and we shall finde no parallel to this bloody banquet For those horrid crimes were only committed by single persons this by the joynt consent of a multitude Verse 39. Immortal hatred Religion is a religando from binding the minds of men in the strictest of all bonds and undoubtedly diversity of Religion makes the saddest difference between man and man Upon this maxim the wisest of the Kings of Aegypt grounded his policy for assigning severall Gods to the severall People of his Kingdome that so they might never agree amongst themselves to rebell against their Prince Diodor. Verse 40. Tentyrites The Inhabitants of the City of Tentyris or Tentyra in Aegypt Plin. Ptol. Strab. Steph. They hate the Crocodile and are terrible to him as in his precedent description The Deity they worship is the Ibis a bird that kills the Crocodile as aforesaid Verse 40. Ombites Ombus or Ombri a Town in Aegypt Ptol. that adored the Crocodile By the description of John Leo. it seems to be that which is now Chana Undoubtedly the Transcriber of Juvenal when he should have writ adhuc Ombos writ the c twice over and made it adhuc Combos Abra. Ortel which mistake together with an infinite number of grosser errours is rectified in the Louvre-copie followed by me in this Edition Verse 51. Know I. This knowledge of the Author makes very much for the Argument of his next and last Satyr writ when he was banished into Aegypt under the name of an honourable Commander a Colonel of Foot Verse 52. Lew'd Canopus Of the infinite Lewdness of this Town See the Comment upon Sat. 6. Verse 55. Poor unguents So their wine were generous the Ombites cared not what poor unguents they made use of which in other parts of Aegypt were most pretious Plin. Verse 56. Negro-Pipers The Towns of Ombus and Tentyris were upon the borders of Arabia and common to the Arabian Aethiops some of which were the Pipers at this lamentable feast of the Ombites Verse 73. Ajax or Turnus Men of more strength then any were in Juvenal's time as appears by the weight of the stones which they lifted and threw at their enemies Ajax in his combat with Hector Iliad 6. 7. Diomedes in his combat with Aeneas Iliad lib. 6. that had the luck on 't for Turnus likewise struck him down with a stone Aeneid lib. 12. Nec plura effatus saxum circumspicit ingens Without more words he spies a mighty stone Hom. ibid. sayes that Diomedes took up such a weight as in his time fourteen young men could hardly wag Verse 77. Homer The most incomparable Greek Poet. He flourished eightscore years before Rome was built Cor. Nep. He was blind and therefore surnamed Homer for so the Ionians call a blind man that wants a guide being formerly known by the name of Melesigenes as born neer to the River Meles which runs by the walls of Smyrna Philost and Strab. The place of his nativity is made doubtfull by many Cities every one of them claiming him for a Native after his death whereas in his life time none of all these Towns would relieve his wants or own him The Colophonians say he was a Citizen of theirs the Chians challenge him the Salaminians will have him the Smyrnians so far avow him that in their City they have dedicated a Temple to him many other Cities clash and contend about him Cic. in his Orat. pro Poet. Archia He writ two Works one of the Trojan war which he calls his Ilias the other
of the voyage of Vlysses which he calls his Odysses as likewise many other little Pieces From him came the illustrious Family of the Homerides in Chios Hellan Ingeniorum gloriae c. Amongst so many kindes of learning and such variety of matter and form who can fix the glory of wit upon any one particular person unless it be agreed by generall consent that no man went beyond the Greek Poet Homer whether the fortune of his work or the subject be considered Therefore Alexander the great and in the best judgements such a censure raises him above envy to the highest pitch amongst the spoils of Darius King of Persia having taken his Cabinet of unguents or essences whose outside was all pretious stones His friends shewing him to what use he might put it rich unguents and perfumes being improper for a rough Souldier No I profess to Hercules said Alexander Homers works shall be kept in it the most pretious Book for the mind of man shall have the richest Cover Plin. lib. 7. cap. 29. The Greek letters invented at severall times by others he reduced to that form wherein we now have them vid. Herodot Plutar. Plin. lib. 3. cap. 2. where he tells of the conjuring up the Ghost of Homer from the mouth of Appian the Grammarian an eye witness of the fact Verse 80. Must laugh The Gods that once assisted Hector and Aeneas in their Combats because they had great courages and were goodly persons now cannot chuse but laugh saith the Satyrist to see the Pygmeys of his time Dwarfs both in mind and body fight and kill one another Very Pygmeys they would have been if their stature and strength had lessened proportionable to their decrease between the time of the Trojan warr and the age of Homer as appears by the weight lifted by Diomedes if we credit Homer's testimony in the last note but one Verse 84. Palme-trees The Palme-tree Grove neer to the City of Tentyris Verse 94. Prometheus See the manner of his stealing fire from Heaven in the Comment upon Sat. 8. Verse 103. The Biscainers The Vascones a People of Spain Ptol. Plin. Tacit. They were besieged by Metellus and Pompey and reduced to such extreme necessity that the living were inforced to eat the dead Flor. lib. 30. cap. 22. Val Max. lib. 7. cap. 6. Oros. lib. 5. cap. 23. The Vascones sent a Plantation into France which are now called Gascons Verse 119. Zeno Father of the Stoicks Son to Mnaseas of Cittium in the Isle of Cyprus The Oracle told him if he would be a good man he must converse with the dead whereupon he presently fell to the reading of old Authors Laert. He first came to Athens as a Merchant yet with some inclination to the study of Philosophy for hearing his Ship was cast away he said Fortune commands me to study Philosophy more intentively Senec. Or as Plutarch hath it I thank thee Fortune thou wilt thrust me into a Gown He was Scholar to Crates Stilpo and Xenocrates and so well satisfied with his two last Masters that he said his best Voyage was his Shipwrack His Hearers were at first called Zenonians from their Reader afterwards from the place where he taught they had the name of Stoicks He was so honoured by the Athenians that they intrusted him with the keys of the City After he had been a Reader eight and fifty years and had lived ninty and eight he broke his finger and as it seems to prevent the sense of further pain strangled himself King Antigonus that eighteen years before had writ for Zeno to come to him into Macedon and still had a hope to get him thither when he heard of his death said What a sight have I lost one asking him why he was so great an admirer of Zeno he answered because in all my intercourse with and favours to him I never knew Zeno either exalted or dejected The King's respects to Zeno died not with him For he sent his Embassador to Athens that moved in his Master's name for the erecting of a Monument to Zeno in the Ceramick It was done by Decree of the People attested by Arrhenides then Archon and writ upon two Pillars one erected in the Academy the other in the Lyceum The Statue they set up for him was of brass crowned with a crown of gold The reason of the Decree was That the world might know how much the people of Athens honoured good men alive and dead The Sect of the Stoicks sprung out of the Cynicks and their principles as in the Comment upon Sat. 13. were the same viz. That virtue wants nothing but comprehends within it what is sufficient for the happiness of life which they held to be governed by fatall necessity Verse 121. Biscain Stoicks My Author sayes It would have been no great wonder if the Biscainers had eat mans flesh without necessity when they were besieged by Metellus because in his dayes Spain never heard of Zeno's Precept that enjoyned his Sect Vpon no termes whatsoever to violate the Law of Nature But in Juvenal's time so long after Metellus when the Greek and Roman Philosophy was dispersed through the world even the Britains being taught by the French to argue the Law and Thule or Tilemarck in Norwey talking of a Salary for Rhetors to initiate their Nation in moot Cases that now the Aegyptians from whom all learning was derived should be so barbarously inhumane as to eat one another is an amazement to my Author and may be so to all that know not Quantum Relligio poterit suadere malorum Verse 127. Saguntine The people of Saguntum now Morvedre in Spain besieged by Hannibal against the Articles of peace between Rome and Carthage Their fidelity to the Romans incouraged them to hold out till hunger forced them to eat the bodies of the Dead When they had no more Dead men to preserve the Living they raised a pile of wood in the Market-place where they burned themselves and all they had This siege against the conditions of peace brought in the second Punick warre and consequently the ruine of perfidious Carthage Verse 131 Moeotis Where every tenth stranger was sacrificed to Diana the bloody Ceremony continuing till the coming of Orestes and Pylades See the Comment upon Sat. 1. tit Orestes Verse 139. Nile This River of which in the Comment upon Sat. 6. was the Aegyptians heaven Read my Translation of Pliny's Panegyrick p. 19. Aegypt so gloried in cherishing and multiplying seed as if it were not at all indebted to the Rain and heaven being alwayes watered with her own River nor fatned with any other kind of water but what was poured forth by the Earth it self yet was it cloathed with so much corn that it might as it were eternally vie harvests with the fruitfullest parts of the whole world Verse 141. The horrid Cimbrian The Danes and Holsatians horrid indeed and terrible to the Romans overthrown in three battails by these German Outlawes for so
4. Verse 45. Bounderstone Set up for a Marke betweene Neighbours Lands Upon this stone not to be defiled with blood by Numa's constitution the Romans yeerly sacrificed Puls Honey Meale and Oyle as their first-Fruits to the God Terminus or Limit of which they used to say The God Terminus was not to give place to Jove himself And they held a crime committed against this Deitie by removing a Bounderstone to be the greatest of all Sacriledges Verse 55. Caeditius Mentioned here as a Pleader as a Judge Sat. 13. The Judge Caeditius cannot here invent Nor Rhadamanth in hell a punishment Verse 56. Fuscus Aurelius Fuscus Martial sets his mark upon him for a drunkard and Juvenal does as much for his wife Sat. 12. and little lesse for her husband by making him turne to the wall before he sits down in the Court. Verse 71. That 's his own which he hath earned All that a Roman earned by his labour and patience in the Warres was cleerly his own not of the essence of his Patrimony which appertained to his Father by survivorship in case that during his Son's life he had not emancipated or made him free for a Sonne being in potestate Patris could give away nothing by Will unless he were a Souldier whose military Oath gave him his freedome and enabled him to dispose of whatsoever he had got in the service of his Country Knowing this priviledg Coranus though he was old and had one foot in the Grave courted his young Son that was a Souldier and might therefore die before him without leaving a Legacie out of the Profits and Proceeds of his Pay to his Father unless the old man like a common Captator pleased him with Presents FINIS ERRATA FOlio 76. verse 81. for theres read theirs fol. 86. ver 311. for note read note yet fol. 171. v. 415. for with men of paludated read with paludated fol. 227. v. 20. for the Judge then read then the Judge fol. 310. for in thy decrepitness they must read in their decrepitness thou must fol. 403. v. 237. for the Tribune sits read the Praetor sits fol. 479. v. 340. for Sommnr read Sommer READERS IF I should have printed all the places wherein the Louvre-copie which I follow differs from other Juvenals it would have been a little book of it self I have therefore put down only the most materiall alterations that if you please you may here correct the words of your Latin Juvenal by the French Edition and the commaes by my English Yet let me advertise you of one most excellent reading that is not in the K. of France's copie for which I take it we are obliged to Dr. Hammond's observation out of an old Manuscript viz. Sat. 13. vers 1. Extemplo quodcunque malum committitur Variae Lectiones JUVENALIS PARISIIS editi 1644. Sat. 3. VErse 36. verso pollice vulgus Quum libet occidunt V. 112. aviam resupinat amici Sat. 6. V. 142 vidua est locuples quae nupsit avaro Sat. 8. V. 4. humeroque minorem Corvinum V. 157. Eponam Sat. 9. V. 26. Quodque taces ipsos Sat. 10. V. 24. notissima templis Divitiae crescant ut opes V. 74. si Nurtia Tusco V. 93. augusta Caprearum V. 150. aliosque elephantos Additur imperiis Hispania V. 220. Oppia maechos V. 222. circumscripserit Hirrus V. 224. inclinet Hamillus V. 322. sive est haec Oppia V. 365. Nullum numen habes si sit prudentia nos te Nos facimus Fortuna Deam Sat. 13. V. 32. Faesidium Sat. 14. V. 2 Et nitidis maculam haesuram V. 62. Hic leve argentum vasa aspera tergeat alter Sat. 15. V. 35. Ardet adhuc Ombos Sat. 16. V. 13. Atque oculum medico nil promittente relictum V. 21. Consensu magno efficiunt curabilis ut sit Vindicta gravior quam injuria V. 23. Declamatoris mulino corde THE TABLE OR An ALPHABETICALL ACCOVNT of the principall and most memorable Words Matter Historie Descriptions Characters and Sentences contained in this Volume A. AEACVS one of the three infernall Judges folio 17. his office ibid. Aediles of three sorts 102 Aegeus 445 Aegistthus begot in Incest 350 lives in Adultery ibid. marries Clytemnestra 15. designs the murder of Orestes ibid. is slain by him ibid. Aelius Sejanus his beginning 357. his policies ibid. 358. discovered ibid. his execution 359 Aemilius Lepidus Pont. Max. 289. why his Statue was set up with a Childs Bulla about his neck 290 Aemilius Paulus leads Perseus K. of Macedon in triumph 291 Aemilius Scaurus 58. his birth poverty and advancement ibid. he breaks his Sonn's heart ibid. his Character ibid. his Embassage to K. Jugurth ibid. Aemilius a rich Lawyer 254 Aeneas Son to Anchises 33. his piety ibid. his fortune ib. drowned 407. Julius Caesar descended from him ibid. Aeolus K. of Strongyle 370. why called K. of the Winds ibid. what his dominion signifies in a morall sense 371 Aeta King of Colchis 18 Acestes why called the good 263 Achilles Son to Peleus 34. his life summed up ibid. Acilius Glabrio a Prudent Man 123. Consul with Vlp. Trajan ibid. accused for Designes of Innovation ibid. banished with more cruelty then his Son was executed ibid. Actor's spoiles 61 Adriatick now Golfo di Venetia 120 Africa and France litigious Countries the Lawyers best Patrimony 25â— Aganippe's Valey 241 Agathyrse 511 Agave kills her Son 249 Age Ninth 44.443 Eight Ages ibid. Agrippina chosn for her Uncle Claudius Caesar's second Wife by her dear Servant Narcissus 149. hr confidence before marriage ibid. she gets her Son Domitius adopted by her husband ibid. then poysons the old Man with a Mushrome ibid. Alaband a City n Caria 97 Alba built by Asâ—nius 121. robbed by K. Tullus ibid. from whence it had the name ibid. Albane Wine now called Vino Albano 142 Albina 99 Alcestis dyes to saâ— her Husband's life 221 Alcinous K. of the haeacks 504. feasts Vlysses ibid. Alcmaeon why he 〈◊〉 his Mother 223 Alecto one of the tree Furies 247. what the Furies are ibid. Alexander the Great 68. his Mother's pride ibid. his Father dream interpreted ibid. his conquests â—d his description ibid. dyes at thirty yrs of age ibid. the truth of his impoisong doubtfull ibid. Alexandria 195. 〈◊〉 called the Walls of Lagus ibid. Alledius a Glutton 14â— Althaea Queen of Calidonia 147 Amphiaraus â—03 foreknew that he must die at thy Siege of Thebes 223. a secret his Wife made use of ibid. his last Charge to his Son ibid. Amphion 199. his Fable ib mythologised 200 Amydon a Paeonian City 97 Ancient Romans described 59 Ancile a brazen Shield 63. of what fashion ibid. how it dropt from the Clouds ibid. eleven more made ibid. Ancona a City built by the Grecians 120 Ancus Martius fourth K. of Rome 144. conquers the Latines ibid. inlarges the City and Territories ibid. builds the City of Ostia ih makes the first Roman Prison ibid. Andromache 212. brings a Son to
alive ib. Rhene 301 Rhetors speak for their lives 25 Rhodes why so called 203. Aristippus his judgement of this Isle ib. the Rhodian Colossus ibid. Rhodes taken by Solyman the Magnificent ib. Rhodope the rich Courtezan 320. builds a Pyramid ibid. Richborough in Kent 128 Ring in Matrimony how ancient 189. why put upon the middle finger ib. Rubellius Plautus 292. descended from Augustus Caesar ib. why he is writ Plautus not Blandus as in the Louvre-copy ib. Rubren Lappa 247 Rubricks 481 Rubrius 124 Rudis a Rod or Wand given to a Gladiator at his discharge 95 Rufus vid. Satrius Rutila vid. Lura Rutila Rutilus 475 Sentences in R. Fol. 393. ver 17. No price for Rarities too great is thought Nay mind it they love most what 's dearest bought Fol. 463. ver 155. with these torments why dost goe about To scrape up wealth 't is madness without doubt Plain frenzie doth thy senselesse soul bewitch To live poor only hoping to die rich Fol. 335. verse 83. What doe the Rabble all this while they run Along with fortune as they 've ever done And hate condemned men S. SAbellians conquered by M. Curius 102 Sabines 198. their stoln Maids prove excellent Wives ib. where their Country lay 98 Saguntum 142. now Morvedre 510. besieged by Hannibal against the Articles of peace ibid. the Inhabitants eat the dead ibid. they fire the Town and themselves ibid. the ruine of Carthage revengeth Saguntum ibid. Samos an Isle opposite to Ionia 97 Samothracia 101 Samothracian Gods ibid. Sardanapalus King of Syria 389. his effeminacy ib. his womanish defence of himself 390. his manly death ibid. Sardonyx 449 Sarmatia described 147 Sarmentus a Buffoon 140 Satrius Rufus 262 Saturne 443. why he is said to have reigned in the Golden Age ib. his Fable 184.185 mythologised ib. he builds Saturnium 207. the Stamp of his Coin ibid. Scauran Counterfeits 58 Scipio Africanus rescues his Father 69. defeats Hannibal ibid. Scipio Aemilianus Son to L. Aemilius Paulus and adopted by Scipio Africanus 70. ruines Carthage ib. is murdered ibid. Scipio Nasica voted the best man 100. pulls down the Consulls Statues ib. refuses the title of Imperator and the honour of triumph ib. his funerall expenses defraied by the People ibid. Secundus Charinas 261 Secutor the Follower a Gladiator 66. the nature of his sword-play ibid. Sejanus vid. Aelius Sejanus Seleucus a Lutenist 372 Semiramis 61. why she took upon her the person of a man ib. she walled Babylon ib. her success and courage ib. she is killed by her Son ibid. Seneca the Stoick 146. Tutor to Nero ib. his vast wealth ib. the cause of his ruine 353. why and how he was put to death 146. the subject of his works ib. his vindication from the aspersion of Avarice ibid. Seriphus 215 Servilia 382 Servius Sulpitius Galba Caesar barbarously murdered 61. by a Common Souldier ibid. his descent 288 Servius Tullius his Father thought to be the God Lar 424. Son to a bond woman ib. Crowned King of Rome 307. how long he reigned ib. why called the last good King ibid. Setine Wine 142 Sextus a wicked great man 55 Shaving the head upon what account it was used by the Romans 423. Why the Aegyptians shaved 503 Sheep never eaten by the Priests of Aegypt 503 Sica the Secutor's Fauchion 66 Sicambri 128 Sicyon an Isle in the Aegean Sea 98 Socrates 51. his Parents and Wives ib. the first reducer of Philosophy from Speculation to Practice 52. preserved in the plague-time by his abstinence 489. his Impeachers 52. his answer at the Barre ib. he would not have Counsell to plead 452. his Sentence and Death 52 Socratick Catamite how to be understood 52 Solon 377. the place of his birth ib. the time when he flourished ib. the equall temper of his Lawes ib. he repeals Draco's bloody Decrees ibid. flyes from Athens ibid. his conference with Croesus 378. the success of his words 379. his death in Cyprus ibid. his ashes by his own appointment scattered about the Isle ib. his Epitaph ibid. Sooth-sayers Tuscan 442.443.444 Sora 104 Sostratus 370 Sportula a basket of money or of meat 29 Sportula Vocall 443 Statius vid. Papinius Statius Stentor how lowd he cried 447 Sthenoboea 382. charges Bellerophon with her own crime ib. hears the news of his Marriage and kills her self 383 Stork 476 Stygian Sound 68 Suburra one of the fairest Streets in Rome 91. why so named ibid. Supper to be made for Clients 32. in lieu of the money-Sportula ibid. how distinguished from the Patrons Supper ib. Supper for the Dead 145 Surena 361 Sybaris built by the Trojans 204. how potent a Town it grew to be ib. how gluttonous even to a Proverb ibid. Sylla or Sulla the Dictator 19. layes down his Commission ib. is a theam in the Rhetorick Schools ib. the summary of his life ibid. Sylla's three Scholars 57 Sylvanus 209. how begot ibid. his strange shape 210. why God of the Woods ib. his Sacrifice ibid. Syrophoenix 300 Sentences in S. Fol. 4. verse 35. 'T is hard not to write Satyrs Fol. 39. verse 31. The Straight may Cripples White-Men Negroes jeer Fol. 41. verse 72. Secrets bring jewels Fol. 42. verse 95. The Scab but got By one Sheep the whol Flock will have the Roâ— Fol. 75. verse 61. He owes thee nothing Nothing will bestow That lets thee but an honest Secret know Fol. 78. verse 135. They will know Chamber Secrets and be fear'd Fol. 134. verse 79. Great Houses with proud Servants swarm Fol. 237. ver 243. Nothing costs Fathers lesse then Sons Fol. 281. verse 212. Short let it be which thou dar'st fouly act Fol. 318. verse 139. Slaves care not what they 'gainst their Lord compose When with their rumors they revenge his blowes Fol. 318. verse 147. We must for many causes live upright Fol. 333. verse 21. But chiefly That we Servants tongues may slight Seldome the Souldiers did poor Garrets clime Fol. 347. ver 349. Fair Lucrece and her fatall Rape Incourages no one to wish her Shape Fol. 428. vers 20. That Science makes the happy men Which conquers Fortune with celestiall Books T. TAbraca 371 Tagus now Taio a River in Spain whose sands have a mixture of Gold 96 Tanaquill 215 Tarentines descended from the Spartans 204 they call in King Pyrrhus against the Romans ib. the cause of their destruction by lightning ib. Tarentula a Spider 204. the effect of its poyson ib. the cure ibid. Tarentum built 204. taken by the Lacedaemonians ib. from whence it derives the name ibid. Tarquin the Proud 307. his conquests 308. appoints the Feriae or Holydayes ibid. builds the Capitol ib. flyes to K. Porsenna ib. Tarsus 99 Tatius Generall of the Sabines 478. takes the Capitol by compact ib. is Partner in the Government with Romulus ib. why he was slain ib. Tauromenian Rocks 146 Tauromenium ib. Telamon Father to Ajax 482 Telephus a Tragecomedy 13. his parentage ibid. his fortunes wound and cure 13.14 Telesine 245 Temples
and Atropos the Daughters of Erebus and Night The first bore the Distaffe the second spun the Thread and the third when it came to the determined end cut it off Apuleius thinks the ternary number of the Destinies or Parcae to be derived from the number of three points of time that the Flax wound about the Distaffe signifies the time past the Thread in spinning the time present and that which is not twisted the time to come The old Latins called these three Sisters Nona Decima and Morta Verse 36. Arturius and Catulus These two from poor beginnings had raised themselves to great Estates and Offices and made use of their wealth and authority to ingross all good Bargains and to monopolize all beneficiall places and employments even to those of the Scavenger and Gold-finder Verse 40. Spear At Auctions or publick sales of mens goods part whereof was their Slaves the Romans ever stuck up a Spear to give notice to the Town Cic. Phil. and when they came in there was upon the place an Affix posted up which contained a Particular of the parcels to be sold with their several prices Sig. de Jud. Under the Spear sate the Cryer asking who giveth most and by him an Officer some Arturius or Catulus for Voucher Verse 43. Revers'd Thumbs At any Sword-play either in the Circus or upon Theaters it was in the power of the People to make the Gladiators or Fencers fight it out and die upon the place or to discharge them and likewise to restore them to their liberty lost by the baseness of their calling for the present and if they pleased for ever The first was done by bowing down their Thumbs the second as by these words appears with turning up their Thumbs the third by giving them a Rod or Wand called Rudis the last by bestowing Caps upon them Qui insigniori cuique homicidae Leonem poscit idem Gladiatori atroci petat Rudem Pileum praemium conferat He that will have a notorious Murderer exposed to the Lyons even he will give to the bloody Gladiator a Rudis and reward him with a Cap Tertul. de Spect. cap. 21. Verse 54. Toads Entrails The skilfullest Aruspex that ever divined by Toads Entrails was Locusta much imployed in that service by Agrippina and by the Son of her vitious Nature Nero. Verse 65. Dark Tagus Tagus is a River of Lusitania rolling golden sands Plin. by which my Author conceives the stream to be darkned Neer to this Spanish River if we credit Pliny Mares are hors'd by the West-winde and foale Ginnets infinite Fleet but their time of life is swifter for they never live to above three years old Verse 71. Greek Town Rome where Graecians that were Johns of all Trades and could do every thing to please the humour of a Roman carried away the men like ships with a breath and where the very women affected and spake the Greek tongue Sat. 6. old Woman fie let Girls doe so Wilt thou fourscore and six be Greekish chast Greek is not when 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 thou say'st Life soul and fool'st thy husband in a crowd With words for which thy Sheets were late a shrowd Verse 73. Orontes A River of Caelesyria that springs up not farre from Mount Lebanon and the City of Seleucia Pieria where it sinks under ground and riseth again in the Apemene Territorie running by Antioch and falling into the Sea neer Seleucia It was called Orontes by his name that first made a Bridge over it for before they called it Tryphon Strab. Verse 76. Circus The great Shew-place at Rome neer to that part of Mount Aventine where the Temple of Diana stood Tarquinius Priscus built Galleries about it where the Senators and People of Rome to the number of a hundred and fifty thousand might see the running of great Horses at Lists Fireworks Tumbling and baiting or chasing of wilde Beasts In after Ages there was likewise to be seen Prizes played by the Fencers or Gladiators and in Vaults underneath it stood women that would prostitute their bodies for money Rosin Antiq. and as you may see in this Satyr And hackney-Sluts that in the Circus stand Verse 79 Our nointed Clown The meanest sort of Roman Fencers had their necks nointed with an artificiall Clay made of oyle and earth and so that they were able to compass such a nointing with a Trechedipna or a poor Poste-Gown in which they might runne to the Sportula either to get a share in the hundred farthings or in the Clients plain Supper their ambition was satisfied But the Greek Peasants though farre meaner as subject to these scorned such low thoughts aiming to recover that by cozenage which they had lost by fighting with the Romans Verse 81. Andros An Island in the Aegaean Sea being the principall of the Cyclades where there is a Spring whose water every year upon the fifth day of January tastes like wine Plin. lib. 2. Samos is an Island in the Icarian Sea right against Ionia Ptolomy Amydon a City of Paeonia or Macedonia that gave assistance to the Trojans Alaband a City in Caria Plin. Ptol. infamous for effeminate men and impudent singing women only famous for the birth of Appolonius the Rhetor. Trallis a Town of Caria in the Lesser Asia Plin. lib. 5. Sicyon an Island in the Aegean Sea opposite to Epidaurum very high and eminent Plin. From this Isle Minerva was called Sicyonia because Epopaeus there built a Temple to her for his victory against the Boeotians Verse 83. Mount Esquiline The seven hills that Rome stood upon were the Palatine the Quirinal the Aventine the Caelian the Esquiline the Tarpeian or Capitoline and the Viminall the last being so called from the VVickers or Oziers growing upon it Verse 88. Isaeus The fluent Orator whose Scholar Demosthenes was Verse 96. At Athens born Daedalus that put off his VVings at Cumae as before Verse 100. Syrian Figs Syrian Figs Sea-coal and the Grecians came in with one wind and for one purpose viz. to be sold in the Market at Rome Verse 102. Sabine Olives Olives growing in the narrow but long Country of the ancient Sabines which reached from Tyber as farre as the Vestines and was bulwarkt on both sides by the Apennine Mountains Plin. Verse 106. Antaeus A Giant begot by Neptune upon the Earth sixty four cubits high He spent his youth in Libya at the Town of Lixus afterwards called the Palace of Antaeus Ever when he found himself weary or over-toyled he recovered his strength and spirits by touching of the Earth his Mother and therefore Hercules when they two wrastled together held him up in the aire that the earth should not refresh him The great Roman Souldier Sertorius at Tygaena a town of Libya digged up the Sepulcher of Antaeus and found his body Plutarch Verse 111. Doris A Sea Nymph Daughter to Oceanus and Thetis and VVife to her Brother Nereus by whom she had an infinite number of Children Sea-Nymphs
that from their Fathers name were called Nereides Her Picture was alwayes drawn naked and so it seems the Greek Players acted her Verse 112. Thais A famous Curtesan born in Alexandria that setting up for her self at Athens drew the custome of all the noble Youth of that learned City She was rarely charactered by Menander the Poet in a Comedy which probably was acted in Rome by the rare Greek Comedians Demetrius Antiochus Stratocles and Haemus Verse 137. Gymnasium is here taken for any Room wherein the Greek Philosophers read to their Roman Pupills Verse 139. Bareas Bareas Soranus was impeached of high Treason by his Friend and Tutor P. Egnatius that took upon him the gravity of the Stoicks in his habit and discourse to express the Image of an honest Exercise Tacit. but the Informer was paid in his own coyn for he that impiously and basely had murdered his Scholar in Nero's time was himself in the reign of Vespasian condemned and executed upon the information of Musonius Rufus Dio Tacit. Verse 142. A feather fell In Cilicia P. Egnatius was born at a Town as lying as himself for there as their History sayes Bellerophon's Horse Pegasus having stumbled in the aire and sprained his Fetlock dropt a feather from his heel and ever since the Town was called Tarsus Verse 144. Erimantus Erimantus Protogenes and Diphilus were Greeks which the Great men of Rome trusted with the government of their Children Verse 158. Lictor See Praetor Sat. 1. whose Officer the Lictor was Verse 156. Modia Modia and Albina were rich Ladies that had not any Children of their own and therefore the Roman Lords courted them in as servil a manner as the Lords were attended by their Clients Sat. 5. Trebius oblig'd has that for which he must Break 's sleep and run ungarter'd and untrust For fear lest his saluting rivals may Have fill'd the Ring by dawning of the day Or at the time when the Seven-stars doe roll Their cold and sluggish Wain about the Pole Verse 160. The Tribune I conceive this Tribune to be the Militarie Tribune that commanded in chief with Consular power not one of those six that had every of them a thousand men in a Legion consisting of six thousand Verse 161. Catiena Catiena Calvina and Chio were rich Curtezans too dear for the Common sort of Romans for mean people were hardly able to pay their Sedan-men or Chair-bearers Verse 166. Cybel's Host. Scipio Nasica whom the Senate judged to be the best man and therefore when Cybele Mother of the Gods was first brought to Rome with advice from the Oracle that she should be entertained by the best man they voted her to be lodged in his House When he found himself inauspiciously named for Consull by Gracchus he resigned his Authority When he was Censor he made the Consulls Statues be pulled down which had been set up in the Forum by every mans ambition When he discharged the Office of Consull he took the City of Deiminium in Dalmatia His Army put upon him the name of Imperator and the Senate decreed him a Triumph but he refused both He was very eloquent very learned in the Law and with an excellent wit a most wise man and in the esteem of all Rome worthy his noble Ancestors the two Africani He left not money enough to pay for his Funerall expenses therefore they were defraied by the People and in every street through which the body past they strewed flowers Plin. lib. 22. cap. 3. Verse 166. Numa See the beginning of the Comment upon this Satyr Verse 167. He that sav'd our Pallas L. Metellus the Pontifex Maximus before mentioned that when the Temple of Vesta was burned down rescued from the flame the Palladium or wooden Image of Pallas brought from Troy But his piety had a very sad success for venturing too desperately into the fire he lost both his eyes Plin. lib. 7. cap. 44. This Metellus in the first Punick VVarre for his victories over the Carthaginians had a most glorious triumph for he led through Rome thirteen great Commanders of the Enemie and sixscore Elephants Verse 174. Samothracians Samothracia or Samothrace is an Island in the Aegaean Sea neer to that part of Thrace where the River Hebrus falls into the Sea Stephan It was anciently called Dardania from Dardanus the Trojan that is reported to have fled thither with the Palladium but the first name of this Island was Leucosia Aristot. in his Republick of Samothracia The Gods worshiped by these Islanders were Jupiter Juno Pallas c. from the Samothracians brought to the Romans whose peculiar Deities were Mars and Romulus Verse 188. Vain Otho L. Roscius Otho when he was Tribune passed a Theatrall Law wherein he distinguished the Roman Knights from the Common people assigning fourteen Benches in the Theater only for the Knights that is for such as had an Estate worth four hundred Sestertia being about three thousand one hundred twenty five pound of our money by which Law they that were not worth so much incurred a penalty if they presumed to sit upon any of those Benches Cic. Philip. 2. See likewise his Orat. for Muraen Verse 191. Aediles The Romans had three sorts of Aediles The first they called Aediles Curules from the Chariot they rid in these were chosen out of the Senate Pilet in lib. 2. Cic. epist. fam 10. and had in charge the repairing both of Temples and private Houses The second sort were Aediles Plebeii chosen out of the People and these came into Office when the Curules went out they ruling several years by turns Alex. Gen. Dier lib. 4. c. 4. these were impowred together with their charge of Temples and private Dwellings to punish the falsifying of Weights and Measures to look to the publick Conduits and to make provision for Festivall Playes The third sort were Clerks of the Market looking to the Corn and Victuals sold in publick Alex. ibid. these were the Aediles Cerealis in ordinary the extraordinaries were the Annonae praefecti Rosin Antiq. l. 7. c. 38. Verse 198. Marsians The Marsians were a poor but stout People of Italy Neighbours to the Samnits descended from Marsus Sonne to the Witch Circe Men that with their spittle cured such as were bitten by Vipers Plin. Verse 199. Sabellian Food Such pitifull poor meat as served the Sabellians which inhabited that part of Italy lying upon the Mountains betwixt the Marsians and the Sabines They were conquered by M. Curius the Dictator Their ancient name was Samnites Stephan lib. 3. cap. 12. Verse 206. The pale gaping thing The vizarded Fool in the Play Verse 215. What giv'st thou To the Lord Cossus his Chamber-keepers to let thee in Verse 216. Veiento Fabricius Veiento a Lord of the Senate how proud he was of his honour and excessive wealth may be gathered from hence poor men not being able to get so much as the favour of a look from him unless they bought it of his Servants how politick a Courtier
it appears Gave to us Men because she gave us tears I. JAnus 207. why he shared the Government with Saturn ib. he builds Janiculum ib. coins money ib. why his Figure had two faces 208. a Temple dedicated to him ib. why called Patuleius and Clusius ib. Janus Ogyges and Chaos are the same ib. Jasius K. of Argos 147 Jason steals the Golden-Fleece 18 Jasper 143 Iberina 193 Ibis described 502 Icarus Son to Daedalus 26. his imprisonment ib. drowned in the Sea 27. which was a Sea of Astrologicall Notions 94 Ida a Mountain 444. memorable for Jove's concealment ib. for the Golden Ball ib. for the taking up of Ganymede to Heaven ibid. Illyrians good Seamen 298 Inclusam Danaen an Ode of Horace 188.250.251 Ingenuus 141 Ino Wife to Athamas 18 Io vid. Isis. Iobates Father to Sthenoboea 382 Iphigenia Sister to Orestes 16. why she was brought to be sacrificed ib. how she escaped ib. Priestess of Diana's bloody Rites in Taurica ib. knows her Brother at the Altar and saves his life ibid. Isaeus a smooth-tongued Orator 98 Tutor to Demosthenes ibid. Isis conceived to be a cause of diseases 446. her Fable 211. her marriage to Osiris and the change of her name from Io ib. her deification and the reason of it ib. where her Temple stood in Rome ib. what use it was put to ib. why it maintained a Company of Picture-drawers 421 Istrian-Flood vid. Danow Julian Law vid. Law Julius Caesar's Wife met by Clodius habited like a Singing-woman 57 Julius Caesar vid. C. Julius Caesar. Julius Tutor robs the Cilicians 294 Junius Celsus 20◠Junius Sabinus 504 Juno 190. what her intermarriage with her brother signifies ib. why her Sacrifices were milk-white 420 Jupiter 187. his fable ib. moralized ib. the power of his Gold 188. why Jove was called Tarpeian 190 Ivy used at common weddings 192 Ixion Father to Pirithous by his Wife 18. Father to the Centaurs by the Cloud ibid. Sentences in I. Fol. 5. verse 60. What 's the hurt rich Infamy can doe Fol. 11. verse 194. Th' Informer catches the least word that slips K. KNight a Romane dignitie 30. how made ibid. Sentences in K. Fol. 394. verse 33. From Heaven came Know thy self Fol. 236. ver 203. All men would know none for their Knowledge pay L LAbyrinth contrived by Daedalus 26 Lacerta Domitian Caesar's Coachman 253 Lachesis the Destiny that spinns the thread of life 94 Ladas foot-man to Alexander the Great 440 how nimble ibid. his Statue erected for his victorie in the Olympick games ib. Lake Velabrian 217 Lamus 207 Lar the houshold God 185 his Temple Incense and Altar ib. paralleld with the Dog by Ovid ib. Larga 475 Laronia a witty wanton 58 Lateranus vid. Plautius Lateranus Latine way full of dead men's monuments 35. why so called and how formerly ib. Latinus an informing Player 24. presents his wife to the grand-Informer 4. put to death for a Pander 25. his Chest 190 Latona 380 Laurell used at marriages of great persons 193 Laureol 301 Law against Adulteresses 27 Law Julian 57 Law against Parricide how executed 450 Law Scantinian 59 Law Theatrall 101 Law of three Children 324 Leeks and Onions worshipped by the Aegyptians 503. the reason ibid. Lenas a Legacy-monger 146 Lentulus one of Catiline's conspiracy 57. his Family surnamed the Swift 301 Lepida perswades her Daughter Messalina to kill herself 385 Lepidus vid. M. Aemilius Lepidus Lerna 203. why the Greek Proverb A Lerna of evils ibid. Lesbia Mistress to Catullus 186 Libertine 181 Libitina the funerall Goddess 425. why some think her to be Venus ib. Licinus a Freedman 30. Governour of Gaule ib. where he gets a mass of treasure ib. Lictor the Officer of death attending the Consul Praetor 29. his rods and axe ib. Ligurian Stones 105 Liparen Islands seaven 17. their names ib. called Ephesian and Vulcanian Isles 444 Locusta poisons Britanicus 28 Longinus vid. C. Cassius Longinus Luca 301 Lucan 248 Lucilius the first Latin Satyrist 21. his Country ib. where he dyed and who was at the charge of his funerall ib. L. Appius 207 L. Fonteius Capito Consul with C. Vipsanius 442. the time when the thirteenth Satyr was writ ib. L. Metellus Pontifex Max. 101. how he lost his eyes ib. his triumph ib. L. Roscius Otho 101 L. Virginus Father to Virginia 381. his expression when he slew his Daughter ib. Lucrece 380. the manner of her Rape ib. she kills her self ib. her revenge ib. her Husbands Inscription upon her Monument ib. 381. her Epitaph ib. Lucrine Rocks 127 Lupercalia Games in honour of God Pan 65. why so called ib. the time and manner of the solemnity ib. Luperci 65 Lura Rutila an ugly old woman 382 Lycisca 197 Lyde's salve-box 64 Lysias the Orator 452 Sentences in L. Fol. 40. verse 56. Loose livers are fast friends Fol. 163. ver 232. On man's life never was too long delay Fol. 234. ver 174. Purple and Violet Robes a Lawyer sell. Fol. 318. ver 157. this fair flow'r goes swiftly to decay Poor wretched short Life's short portion hasts away Whil'st we drink noint wench and put Garlands on Old age steals on us never thought upon Fol. 333. verse 37. laughter's easie any may deride Fol. 519. verse 58. Within the Lawyers lists the fight is slow Fol. 166. ver 305. Long peace undoes us lust then warre more fierce Revenges now the conquer'd Vniverse M. MAcedo adored in the figure of a Wolfe 214 Machaera 242 Moecenas a great Patron to Poets 28. a Voluptuary ib. his bounty to Horace 250.251.252.253 Maenades the Priestesses of Bacchus 205. the time place and manner of their Sacrifice ib. Bacchus named Evoeus from their cries ibid. Maenades Priapêan the Ladies that sacrificed to the Good-Goddess when Clodius met Caesar's Wife 205 Maeotis 120. sacrificeth every tenth stranger 510 Maevia a Gladiatress fights with a wilde Boar 21 Maculonus 246 Malta 203. what commodities it affords ib. held by the expulsed Knights of Rhodes now called Knights of Malta ibid. Mamurius the Workman that made the eleven Shields 64 Mango 409 Manilia 200. her Plea to her Accusation 201 Marcellus kills the Generall of the Gauls 67. takes the City of Syracusa ib. his honours ib. why he built the Temple of Jupiter Capitoline 408. his death 67 M. Crassus proud of his wealth 360. his victory over the servile Army ib. For which he weares Laurell instead of Myrtle ib. his third part in the triumvirate 361. why he made warre upon the Parthians ib. his miserable death with the losse of his whole Army ibid. M. Aemilius Lepidus forbids his funerall pomp 202 M. Fabius Quintilian a Spaniard 194. Governour to Domitian's Nephews ib. Tutor to Juvenal ib. his judgment of M. Varro 210 M. Tullius Cicero meanly born 261. his high merits ib. his unworthy end ib. stiled Father of his Country 305. his fame and his murderer's infamy recorded 365 Marius Priscus Proconsul of Africa 25. fined and banished ibid. Mars how he roared 447. his
Court in Athens vid. Areopagus Marsians from whence derived 102. where their Country lay 481 Marsus Son to Circe 102 Marsyas flead alive 320 Massa a Court-spie 24.25 Matho 254 Matronalia the female feasts 321 Maura 372 Medêa 219. her Romançe ib. 220. Diogenes his judgement of her ibid. Medusa 420. why it was said that her head turned men into stones 421 Megasthenes General of the Chalcidians 90 Meleager P. of Calydonia 147. his story ibid. what his brand signified 148 Melita vid. Malta Memnon's Colossus or vocall Statue 502. touched with the Sun's beams sounded like Musick ib. like the voice of a man ibid. when built ib. when why and by whom broken ibid. Menelaus builds the City of Canopus 195 Menaecâ—us 483. why he slew himself ibid. Mentor an excellent Graver 296. what two Bolls of his work cost ib. Meroe the Isle described 213. the City Meroe built ib. how the Islanders spend their time ib. their Nurses breasts bigger then the Children that suck them 450 Messalina 197. her Night-walk ib. her second marriage in her Husband's life time 384. her designe to make her peace prevented ib. she wants courage to kill her self 385. a Tribune executes her ibid. Metella debauched by Clodius 57 Metellus vid. L. Q. Metellus Micipsa 145 Milo adopted by T. Annius 55. kills Clodius ib. why Cicero meant to speak for him 56. what he said when Tully's Oration came to his hand ibid. Milo the Crotonian his incredible strength 352. ruined by trusting to it ibid. Minerva Enyo and Pallas vid. Bellona Minturnians 306 Mirmillo vid. Secutor Mithridates K. of Pontus 223. his strength of body and brain how many severall languages he spake ib. his success against the Romans ib. 224. his three Overthrows why he would have poysoned himself but could not ib. he assists his murderer ibid. his nearest relations slain by him ibid. Modia 99 Montanus vid. Curtius Montanus Moses 477 Mucius a great Knave but a poor man 32. baited by Lucilius in his Satyrs ibid. Mushromes best in Libya 148. when gathered for use ibid. Mutius Scaevola vows to kill K. Porsenna 309. mistakes ibid. burns off his own hand ib. Myron a Statuary 296. his Heifer ib. Myrtle why forbidden at the feast of the Good Goddess 60 Sentences in M. Fol. 277. verse 123. 'T is madnesse after all to cast away The ferry Money that should Charon pay Fol. 336. verse 113. those that would Act no foule Mischiefe doe yet wish they could Fol. 434. verse 153. With much more tumult and a deeper groan Our Moneys then our fun'rals we bemoan Fol. 424. ver 158. Lost Money is bewail'd with tears unfain'd Fol. 464. verse 155. down full mouth'd bags whil'st money flowes Like money's self the love of Money growes Nay he lesse covets it that hath it not Fol. 472. verse 349. Goods got hardly with more feare and care Are kept so wretched Money-hoorders are Fol. 164. verse 248. can a Mother of the Trade Chaste thoughts or other then her own imprint N. NAbathaea why so called 408 Narcissus Freedman and Favourite to Claudius Caesar 149. how Messalina frighted him with her two Husbands 384. he makes the Emperor be told of it ib. is created Captain of the Life-guard for a day ib. sends a Tribune to take off Messalina's head 385. he and his brother Freedmen hold a Councell about a second Wife for Claudius 149. he carries it for Agrippina ib. Nausicae finds Vlysses naked 328 Negro-Pipers 506 Mephele Stepmother to Phryxus Helle 18 Nero Scholar to Seneca 302. his cruelty to his nearest Relations ib. 303. his burning of Rome ib. his malice to the Publick 425 Nero's Uncle vid. C. Caesar Caligula Nestor his parentage and birth 373. his actings in his youth ib. joyns with the Greeks against the Trojans when he had lived to the third age of man ib. what three ages were in Juvenal's account ib. Agamemnon's opinion of Nestor's wisdome ib. his elocution ib. his Wife and Children ibid. Nile described 195 Niphates 208. why so named 209 Nobility what it is in the judgements of Seneca and Cicero 289 Novius 424 Numa Pompilius second King of Rome 92. a short view of his reign and Acts ib. how he disposed of his body by his last Will ib. ordered that his books should be burned ib. Numantia holds out a Siege bravely 290. perishes nobly ibid. Numantians Roman Commanders at the Siege of Numantia ibid. Numitor a complementall Friend to Poets 248 Numitor King of Alba 248. deposed by his Brother ib. restored by his Grand Children Romulus and Remus ibid. Nurtia Goddess of Tuscany 359 Sentences in N. Fol. 42. verse 100. None ever was stark naught at first Fol. 348. verse 359. Nature can doe more then breeding can Or Tutors Fol. 473. ver 371. Nature ne're asks this thing and Wisedome that O. OEdipus 243. his History ib. 244 Oeneus K. of Calidonia 147 Oenomaus K. of Elis Father to Hippodame 18 Oericulana Mother to K. Serv. Tullius 307 Old-age described 341.342.343.344 Olympiads the Greek Aera or account of years 447. in what year of the Julian Period they began ibid. Olympick Games vid. Games Ombites adore the Crocodile 505. Ombus why written Combus in other copies of Juvenal ibid. Omen from whence derived 423 Oppia 372 Oracles silenced 215 Orcades taken by Claudius Caesar 70 Orestes a Tragedy 15. his Parents ibid. his Life and death 15.16 Orodes 361 Orontes a Caelesyrian River 96 Osiris marries Io by the name of Isis 211. is murdered by his Brother 214. his body found ib. they worship him in the shape of a Bull which they call Apis ibid. his Offering ib. he is supposed to be Joseph 291 Ostia now Hostia 301 Otho his princely descent 60. how he came to be Emperor ib. Otho vid. L. Roscius Otho P. PAccius 424 Pacuvius 424 Palaemon vid. Remmius Palaemon Pallas a rich Freed-man 30. how he got his estate and honours ib. Pansa 294 Papinius Statius nobly born 248. his workes ibid. reads his Poem with great applause 331. yet was miserable poor ib. Parcae the Destinies 95. their ternary number explaned ib. Paris son to Priam 374. his business in Greece ibid. his stealing of Helen cause of the ingagement against Troy ibid. Paris the Player 196. why put to death ibid. his Satyrick commendations by Juvenal ib. how he returned the Satyr ib. his bounty to his old Masters the Poets 249. his Mistresses ibid. Parrhasius incomparable for giving the last hand to a Picture 295. why Zeuxes yeilded to him ibid. Parthenius a rare Graver 422 Patricians 216 Paulus Aemilius Consul 68. slain at Cannae ib. derived from Mamercus Son to Pythagoras 291 Pausanias Erxyclides 452 Peacocks flesh never putrefies 32. who brought it in request at feasts ib. Peacocks compared to Poets 245.246 Pedo 254 Pegasus Praefect of Rome 122 Peleus Father to Achilles 482 Pelion 262 Pelopea Mother to Aegisthus 250 Penelope constant to her Lord 59. her artifice to stave off Suitors ib. Pentheus why killed