either for fear of Tibia or when Juvenal writ this for fear of Domitian now dead but most likely for fear of Domitia's kindred since he speaks as if wisdome made him silent though it seems Sueton did not long after Juvenal shew more holdness in relating her like lendness with Paris 19. Morning-Ointments Matutino Amomo Some take it for Eastern Ointments some both wayes Both are true yet the first intended as I think since he speaks according to the custome of the Romans who bath'd in the Morning and so in the Morning us'd ointments 20. The shrew'd Vejento Prudens It is doubted in what sense the Poet here uses this word but since he describes him afterward as a rank flatterer and not worthy therefore of so solid a name I conceive that it here signifies in an allayed sense not truly Wise but the conning or shrew'd Vejento who is afterwards in this Satyre called also Fabricius his name being Fabricius Vejento 21. Brought from some Bridge There Beggars usually sate for Almes and thence he says Catullus at first came and that he was still worthy to beg of the richer Passengers that went by Waggon between Rome and Aricia which was seated on a sleep ascent The cause of this concourse of people to Aricia was two-fold according to the diversity of the persons the rich and the poor There was at Aricia in the Appian way beyond Alba a Grove consecrated to Diana call'd Artemisium greatly frequented for devotion sake as Britannicus says For this cause it was also haunted by Beggars and much the more when the Jews as says the Scholiast as the Christians as Lubin says were expell'd Rome who in necessity and wit resorted thither Lubin thinks it is said at Aricia to signify that he was not worthy to beg at any bridge in Rome it self but this seems somewhat strain'd 22. And throw his flatt'ering kisses towards those that go c. Blandaque devexa jactaret basia thedae The margin of one Manuscript says that the poor did kiss the hands of Passengers for almes but this is silly Another Manuscript has not Basia but Brachia implying the stretching out of their armes for almes but this reaches not the sense of the epithet blanda more sutable to the condition of Beggars The most easie sense will be that they did most obsequiously kiss their fingers and then stretch them out unto the Passengers See Sat. 3. Illustrat 11. The Poet says Rheda devexae so that by the delay of the Waggon for safety they had the more leasure and so the more advantage to beg Lubin would here pick out this opposition that he who being blind as Catullus is here said to have been would yet fall in Love with Beauty was fit to bestow his kisses at distance on the Waggon wheels This seeming to imply that there were Women in the Waggon he might the rather have said it if he urg'd the Scholiast who says indeed Rheda ferenti â—nulieves implying that in their way of devotion That Sex was most forward 23. A Stage Pegma A pageant by art so contriv'd that of it self did rise aloft an 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 upon which was seated a Boy representing as is probably conjectur'd Ganymede snatch'd up to the Velaria the purple converings of the Theater sheilding from Sun and Rain and as occasion requir'd shap'd into a Scenical Heaven Such youths St. Augustine lib. de Civit. Deiâ—â—â— speaking of this argument calls arreptitos 24. Arviragus Not far from Caerloyl Malmes buriensis says a stone was found with this inscription Marii victoria which Humphrey LLuyd in his Fragment Eritan descript fol. in 8 vo 26. thinks was a Trophie erected by Macurigus who by some of the Latines says LLuyd is called Arviragus by Others more aptly Marius In remembrance of a victorie in that place over the Picts whose King was then call'd Roderic who like the Saxons practis'd piracy upon our Seas Arviragus is by the Scholiast according to the copie now extant called Rex Arbila the interpreters tell us that he was in that Age a King of the Britans whose manner was to fight in Chariots Lubin says that he fiercely Rebell'd against the Romans But more particularly the story at least the Legend of this Arviragus as it may be collected from our own Historians is this he was the younger Son of King Cymbeline the elder was called Guiderius Arviragus began his raign Ann. Dom. 44. which was in the 4th year of the Emperor Claudius whose daughter Gemissa he married at Glocester she being given him by her Father for his singular valour But denying to continue the payment of a tribute to Rome Vespasian was sent hither wonne the I le of Wight and thus by force compell'd him to the payment others say he did it at the entreaty of his Queen He raign'd 30. years Marius his Son succeeded him Ann. Dom. 74. which was in the sixt of Vespasian's Raign see Matthew of Westminster and so about 6. years before Domitian's Raign Both Arviragus for valour and his Son Marius for Wisdome are highly praised by our Historians Marius won a battel against Roderic and his mighty army of Ficts and Stythians called by some Gothes and Hunnes and at Staimemore in Westmoreland where the battel was fought he caused a pillar to be erected with this inscription Marii victoria Marius was buried at Carsiel leaving a Son called Coilus who began his Raign Ann. Dom. 126. in the 10th year of Adrian So Juvenal lived in the time of Arviragus and out-liv'd him many years The flatterer then is made here to say to Domitian that she shall overcome an Arviragus not properly he being dead before Domitian's raign but some such stout forraign foe as he was yet overcome by Vespasian Domitian's Father Juv. Sat. IV. Illust. 25. 26. Rhutupian depths Rhutupinove edita fundo Rhutupiae according to Ptolemy Rutupis portus according to Antoninus now Richborough in the North-East of Kent had its name as our learned Camden happily conjectures from Rhye Tufith in the British that is vadum Sabulosum There was in the flourishing times of the Romans a populous City where they took ship for forraign parts and though the City be now become arable yet Mr. Cambden notes that where the streets were the corn even at this time comes-up but thin and that in plowing Roman Coins are often found By the decay of this place arose Sondwyc according to the Saxons now Sandwich à sabulo Britannicus renders it more largly yet truly enough ex Mari Britannico indeed the Roman Luxury did search all Seas for satisfaction Which wantonness may partly be discern'd here by the varietie of their Oisters namely Circaean Lucrine and Rhutupian and partly from the eigth Satyre where he mentions also the Gauran I will only add that Licinius Mutianus alleged by Hieronymus Columna upon the Fragments of Ennius his Phagetica p. 252. prefers the Cyzicen Oisters thus Cyzicena majora Lucrinis dulciora Britannicis suaviora
whose shameless incestes and adulteries are largely related by Sueton in his Life cap. 24 25 and 36. His horrible countenance also is noted by the same Author cap. 50. in these words Vultum verâ— naturâ— horridum ac tetrum etiam ex industriâ efferabat componens ad speculum in oâ—nem terrorem ac formidinem Which I may grant to be marks of the adulterer here described yet they are but some of them and to pronounce a judgment on the whole person for some few signs were but to imitate an unskilfull Physiognomer There are then three more delivered in this place The first that he did at the same time put in execution Laws against Adultery when he himself committed the same The Second that a Cheif Adulteress with whom he offended was called Julia The Third that she had Abortives or untimely Births none of which are by these Interpreters proved to be recorded of Him There is indeed cap. 25. mention made of one whom he adulterously abused and quickly dismissing commanded her to abstain from the bed of any man for ever after but there is no mention of putting en execution Laws against Adultery 〈◊〉 sides the word nuper which notes the season of this fact must be drawn back very much from Juvenal's time who writ partly in the raign of Domirian to Caligula's and so be understood of crimes committed about 40. years before which will but inconveniently be carried by the propertie of the word naper and therefore we may nor yeild to this first opinion A second is of them that appliâ— this to Claudiâ—s the Emperor who after the execution of his leud wife Moffaâ—â—na married the daughter of his brother Germaâ—â—icus Julia Agrippius the mother of Nero and by a decree of the Senate made such incestuous marriages lawful for any man as Tacitus notes in his Annals lib. 12. nere the beginning By which we find him guilty of incest but not of adultery Agrippina being a widow when he married her as Tacitus there testifies Besides that he reviv'd Laws against adultery the Interpreters take not the pains to prove Moreover whereas some Expositers make Claudius very ill-favour'd Sucton accurate in the description of his Emperors bestows a better visage on him cap. 30. saying Authoritas dignitasque forma non defuit stanti velsedenti ac praecipuè quiescenti and adding that he was specie canitieque putchrâ Indeed he describes his Laughter and his Anger to have been very unseemly but Now we speak of his Own face not of the face of his Passions But the word naper will not so readily admit likewise this opinion there being 27. years between Claudius his End and Domitian's Beginning Wherefore in a third Opinion we may rather look upon Domitian to whom the Time agrees and the Fact he having not only corrupted many mens wives but also more particularly taken away Domitia Longina from her husbâ—md Aelius Lamia and made her his own wife as Sueton relates in this Domitian cap. 1. Yet he made Laws against dishonest women reviv'd the Scantinian Law against unnatural lust and another against the prophane pollution of the Vestal Virgins and put a Roman Knight out of the number of the Judges because after that he had accused and dismissed his wife for adultery he took her again as Sueton relates cap. 8. He desil'd also his brother Thus his daughter Julia who was at that time another man's wife and when her father and husband were both dead he sham'd not to love her openly yet was he the cause of her death by forcing her to abortion as Sutton cap. 22. testifies saying Vt etiam cause morris extiterit coact ae conceptum a se abigere This therefore we must conclude to be the person here intended Only there is yet one doubt to be remov'd Juvenal seeming here to implie his ill visage in those words abortivas patrue similes offâ—â— whereas Sueton cap. 18. says that he was vultu modesto and afterward praterea pulcher ac decens Indeed after the first words vultu modesto he adds ruborisque pleno which if they be taken only as an interpretation of the former then must they fignifie only that he was much subject to blushing which is also implyed in that chapter but if they be expounded of his constant colour as the words do aptly bear it then they will most litterally and exactly expound these words of our Poet and Domitian's complexion partrus similes offas But Juvenal's sense may be made more easy and appliable if we understand this not of Domitian's complexion but of his conditions in respect of which he might figuratively be call'd an Abortive and so like the fruit which he got and destroy'd 8. The Scantinian Law When a Stoick objected to Laronia a bold harlot the Julian Law against Adultery she requited him by objecting the Scantinian Law against Unnatural Lust a Law so nam'd not from him that made it but from Scantinius who was the occasion of it by his crime Which manner of giving names to Laws it being less usual some have denied but you may see it justified by Janus Parrhasius Epiâ—â— 23. by the like among the Graecians who made the Laâ—an Law mentioned by Plate of the same nature with the Scantinian upon occasion of the like crime committed by Laius 9. By their thick Squadrons Junctaque umbone phalanges An expression of companions in Vice desending themselves like souldiers when for fifty they joine their targets so that one touches anothers boss as when according to some they cast themselves as an the assaulting of a fort into the military figure of the testadâ— or the torteiseshell which in Guâ—llâ—â—â—e du Choul in his Discours sur la Castraâ—etation des Romains fol. 41. b. is thus represented 10. The wrastlers bread Coliphia Some take Colophia to be a strong kind of meat made of cheese and flower but Rigaltius on this place takes it to be the same with the Athenian 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which were pernae gammons of bacon which we may grant to be a strong meat yet there is no prooffor such derivation of the word Junius would have it in an unclean sense to signifie the form of the loaf not unlike the glasse priapus Sat. 2. from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 membrum though there is no necessitie of such unseemly signification from the word it self Wherefore the usual derivation from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 seems best as if only transposing the words the food had been called strong-limbs metonymically from the effect of it Which varietie of expositions may be drawn from the note which the Scholiast gives on this place Pulmentum sive membrum aut potius athletarum cibum dicit The last part of which annotation I think to be the best so that it shall in general signifie the wrastlers diet as Buâ—â—aeus thinks Yet because the coliphia seem to have been some special part of that diet and most probably loaves as we may conjecture from
Stratocles Soft Haemus too where these come cannot please The Nation 's Born to Comedy Smile you He shakes with laughter weeps give but the cue And Grieves Not. Call for fire ' gainst winters threats On goes His Rugg h say but I 'm hot He Sweats VVe are not Ev'n then he 'tis has the start That still can wear anothers Face and Art Cast up the hands before the brow 11 commend His Lord if he belch well if his bigg Friend Leak on his Couch 12 if when the wine 's quaff'd up His lips but smack against the golden cup 13 Besides what 's holy from their Lust what 's free Matrone and Daughter in a Familie Nay Bride-groom too yet smooth and the dear Son Modest till now are now by these undone If this pray fail till ev'n the Bottome's clear'd They 'l ransack House and Heart 14 and thence be fear'd And now we talk of Greeks their Schools go view 15 And the Grave habit i 'T was a Stoick slew Bareas a whispeuer his Friend an old Master his Scholer born where the too bold Gorgonean Horse a feather lost 16 No place Is for a Romam left at Rome where base Protogenes where Diphilus or where An Erimanthus once gets head who ne're That 's the Greek trick Divides a friend but will Engross him For can he but once instil Into an easy ear his subtle hate A drop of his Greek venome I am straight Thrust out Thus my long service is rewarded A Clients loss is no where less regarded Indeed what 's Here a Poor man's Toile or Pay Though his gowns on to Visit before Day k VVhen as the Praetor to his Lictor sends Headlong least that ev'n Then his Childless friends Be up and some Collegue in the pursuit Should Modia or Albina first salute Here thou may'st sometimes see a Free-born Son Upon a Rich man's Servant's Left-hand run 17 For ev'n this Servant gives from his strange store To Catiena or Calvina more For a faint night or two then the whole pay Our Tribunes have that in a Legion sway But Thou glad of a Vail'd face dost not dare To hand down Chione from her high Chair 18 Bring here a VVitness too though just as he That lodg'd th' Idaean Cybel or as free As Numa or our Priests that to his fame Sav'd trembling Pallas from the Temple's flame Straight ask they Is he rich But Is he just Is the Last question and least cause of trust How many Servants feeds he What 's his Land How furnish'd is his Table VVhen all 's scannâ—d Thy Chest 's thy Rule for How much Treasure 's there Just so much credit hast thou Should'st thou swear By the great Samothracian Gods and ours 19 They think the Poor sleight thunder and the pow'rs Divine and are forgiv'n VVhat jests are spent On a poor man if his cloak 's foul or rent If his Gown 's soil'd his Shooe ript or ill sow'd That the brown thread like scars in wounds is show'd Unhappy Povertie's worst Plague is that It makes a man alas be flouted at Away cries one and let him not here claim A seat on the Knight's cushion'd bench 20 for shame VVhose state 's below the Law sit you here which Though Pandars sons born in some Stews are rich Let some neat Crier's son clap here among Trim yonkers from some goodly Fathers sprung Sons of some Catch-Fish or chief Fencer 21 Thus It pleas'd vain Otho who distinguish'd us VVho gets a Rich wench Here If his Means are Less then Her bags VVhat Poor man 's made an Heir VVhen askes an Aedile his advise 22 The Poor Should have lest Rome e're this by troops once more They scarce e're get their heads above the flood VVhose vertue 's by short means at home withstood Chiefly at Rome where ev'ry thing is dear Poor Lodging Servants Bellies and short cheer And yet an Earthen dish These scorn though He VVell lik'd it that by sodain change did see The Marsians and Sabellians thrifty food 23 And that wore There the course Venetian hood 24 Indeed not in a few Italian Towns There are not any till they 're dead wear Gowns 25 Ev'n when to their grass-Theaters they throng At their great Feasts when the known Parting-song Returnes unto their Stages 26 and the sight Of a pale gaping Actour 27 does half-fright The country Babe in 's Mother's lap you may See there one Dress nor the first seats more gay 28 Then are the People's where the Roab of Note In their chief Aediles is but a white Coat 29 Here without Means too bravely we go dress'd And sometimes borrow from another's Chest This is our fault VVe all in Pride controul'd By want live Here. In brief at Rome All 's Sold VVhat will ye give Great Cossus to Salute Or for Vejento's glance though He 'l be Mute One barbes his Man another trims his Page Inrich'd with their fine cakes 30 But add just rage As leaven Swell at This poor Client's pay Meer Tribute to proud Slaves which thus bear sway At cold Praeneste or Volsinium plac'd ' Mongst shady Hills at Gabii truly grac'd VVith innocence or at steep Tibur's Tow'r VVho fears a Ruine VVhen as much of our Proud Rome does trust to a weak prop. For so The Country workman stays it and although He hides but some old chinks when we 're half sure Of instant death he sayes Now sleep secure I 'le live where are no fires no fears by night Vcalegon my neighbout does half-fright The street now cries-out water bears-out now His small goods now thy third floor smoaks whil'st thou Know'st nothing Soon comes the til'd cock-lofts m turn VVhere soft Doves breed let once the bottom burn Codrus's Wife Procula was short his bed Shorter six Pitchers grac'd his Cupbord's head His little Can in lower place did stay And under the same marble Cheiron lay A Chest though old did his Greek Poets shrine And barb'rous mice gnaw'd Poems though Divine 31 Codrus had nothing Who denies't Yet what So e're that Nothing was he lost All That Nay to heap greif when naked he begg'd bread No man vouchsafed him food or house or bed But if Arturius his house fall Rome quakes The Nobles put on black the Praetor makes The Law-days wait then we accuse the dire Mischances of the City then hate fire Whiles yet it burns some run and marble give Th' expence too Some send statues that ev'n live So naked they 're so pure Some send a neat Peace by Euphranor wrought or Polyclete Which once grac'd the Phaecasian Gods 32 One brings him Books Desks a half Pallas n Another flings him Silver almost a peck 33 A richer store This childless Persian gets 34 then e're before And now men fear 't was but an acted part And that his house was fir'd by his own art Could'st thou but leave the Circus 35 and wouldst go To Fabrateria Sora Frusino Thou might'st a good house Buy for that which here Thou giv'st for a dark hole
bilis by the Autumn vexing the sick with a Quartan all the Autumn may justly make the sick afraid when Winter comes on and Nature has been already so much oast down We may a little farther take notice that some of late would have it jam quartanam spirantibus agris that now the fields breath'd infectious Air the cause of this disease But this for ought I find is but in part confirm'd only one copie having spirantibus agris besides it dashes against the former reason since by this interpretation the Quartan should be a disease appropriated by the disposition of the Air to the beginning of winter at which season the end of it rather then the beginning is expected 13. Once equal Men with Gods He speaks this historically of Domitian who commanded that men should instyle him Dominus Deus noster Our Lord and God! Yet omitting his pride as horrible as his end though this he a truth it may seem cotrary to That in Statius Sylv. lib. 1. on the Kal. Decembres Saturnales Tollunt innumer as ad astra voces Saturnalia Principis sonantes Et dulci Dominum favore clamant Hocsolum vetnit licers Caefar For this implies that he did forbid men to call him Lord it being a Title Odions among the Romans and therefore refus'd by sundry Emperors But this doubt is rightly solv'd by the learned Gevartius in his Papinian Lections lib. 1. cap. 47. where he shews that this prohibition of such title was only during the time of the Saturnals the time of Libertie wherein servants feasted with their Masters as Macrobius mentions in his Saturnal lib. 1. cap. 7. which resolution is also implied by Statius himself in that verse alleg'd Saturnalia Principis sonantes 14. Acilius Dempster lib. 1. de Juramento cap. 2. says that Acilius was put to death by Nero and is mention'd by Juvenal in his fourth which may be allowed for truth if by Nero we understand Domitian who indeed in this Satyre is ironically call'd Calvus Nero. Some say that Domitian having first put to death Domitius the Son of Acilius did afterward spare the Father the more to grieve him with his Son's death And the Interpreters tell us that this Acilius Glabrio for so Sueton calls him was at last put to death for some intended treason with others Sueton in his Domitian cap. 10. relates it thus Complures senatores in his aliquor Consulares interemit ex quibus Civicum Cerealem in ipso Asiae Proconsulatae Salvidienum Orfitum Acilium Glabrionem in exilio quasi molitâ—es novarum rerum 15. Fraterculus esse Giganium According to the Fable Giants were born of the Earth as the word implies and so base-born Yet the Poet whiles he acknowledges the advantage of their mean birth desires to be but fraterculus rather then frater as Politian notes in his Miscell Observat cap. 18. least he should seem to wish for their gigantick vastness of body as well as for their Ignobleness so to escape destruction by his obscuritle of condition I will not here delay the Reader with any discourse of Giants especially after the labour of Cassanion and others who have with much learning and delight examin'd this argument only I will add that whereas the Anclent Heathens prophanely drew the occasion of their fables oftentimes from the Mosaical story the copie of which they had and which as in other points so in this they did wretchedly and childishly deprave by their fictions yet a late French Capuccine one Boulduc De Ecelesia ante Legem lib. 1. cap. 9. tells us that the names Raphaim Emim Zuzim and others as he says commonly in Scripture taken for Giants are not so to be expounded Then he affirms that the Title of Giant was anciently a name of honour fignifying such persons as in those times were restorers of Piety and that their assemblies were as Colledges of instruction in that Age of the world Thus he endeavours to prove that Nimrod was in that sense a Giant a man instructed by God which he would prove out of Methodius But these his New Assertions and curious proofs from their Hebrew Titles with many other his ventrous exploits of phanfie I leave to the leasure of thy Judgement Juven Sat. IV. Ill. XVI Athesis fl 17. Bearded King Facile est barbato imponere regi So Sat. 5. he says Capillato Consule and Sat-ult dignum barbâ dignumque capillis Majorum whereby he intends the first or most ancient times of Rome in which they wore long hair for they had no Barbers in Rome till after the building of it 444. years says Calderine citing Pliny though not without some error in the Time The Authoritie is out of Varro from whom Pliny has it in whom it is 454 according to Scaliger's Edition and then they were brought over from Sicilia by P. Ticinius Mena. See Varro de Re Rusticâ lib. 2. cap. ult who alleges that the statues of the Ancients were formed with long hair and great beards which may here be observ'd for the illustration of those places in the other Satyres above cited The Poet then intends that in that simple age of Rome it was easy to deceive a King as Brutus did but that the present Age was grown more cunning 18. Rubrius This Rubrius says the Poet was worse then Nero who writ a Satyre against Quintianus his effeminacy he himself being worse The fault of Rubrius here conceal'd was as some think his speaking against Cecinna in the behalf of Flavius Gabinius But why should the Poet then say that this fault ought to be conceal'd as those words implie offensae veteris reus atque tacendae Yet it is thus express'd by the Scholiast Rubrius iste aliquando Tibiam in pueritiâ corruperat Autumnus in the reciting of it says Tibiam Domitiani verebatur ne pro baâ— mercede poenas ab ipso reposceret Whether this Tibia if there be not some mistake in transcribing the name Pithaeus in his Notes on the Scholiast doubting that it should be Livia were some Beauty affected by Domitian or no it appears not but Lubin from a Commentary on an ancient Copy gives this nearer reason quod cum Domitiani conjuge concubuerit for being too familiar with the Empress And this opinion I think most probable first because Domitia Longina Domitian's wife was guilty in the like kind with another and of as low a tank namely Paris the Player as Sueton reports in Domitian cap. 3. for which he divorced her though extreamly doting on her he took her again pretending it to be the desire of the People Secondly this fault is the more probable by comparison because not long after Sueron himself the Historian being Secretary to Adrian the Emperor was deptiv'd of that honour for being in the like kind too familiar with the Empress Sabina Lastly this was most probably the crime for the hainousness of it which as he says was to be conceal'd which could not in probabilitie be
serpens He asks pardon and the deity signifies it granted The Cause of which successe he presses farther in the verses following saying Illius lachrymae meditataque murmura prastant c. that the Priests tears with the goose and cake bribe Osyris as the Poet flouts ut veniam culpae non abnuat to nod a pardon which does in part expound and confirm the exposition of movisse caput 64. Leaving elsewhere Her hay and basket c. Cophino foenoque relicto Arcanam Judaea tremens mendicat in aurem The Scholiast says here speaking of their cophini or baskets His pulmentaria sua calidam aquam die Sabbati servare consuêrunt and Britannicus adds Judaei ergo ut mendici pauperes cophinum gestabant quo stipem reliquaque Corrogata exciperent eodem modo foenum ubi cubitarent But about Cophinus and foenum see at large Sat. 3. Illustrat 3. The Poet here farther implies that the needly Jews who had poor and hired habitations in groves and such solitary places repair'd to the City but leaving their ensigns we may say their hay and basket at home that they might not be known as seems most probable being expell'd Rome by Domitian begg'd not as others publickly but softly and in the ear of such Women as they suspected to be superstitiously devout and if opportunitie served them instilled their religion into them For many Roman Women and Men did secretly imbrace the Jewish religion by which means the Jews began to grow rich yet such guifts were secret for fear of punishment the Jews being generally hated by the Romans as Parrhasius notes Epist 18. 65. Is in some Grove Cheif Priest Magna Sacerdos Arboris For this Heathenish Custome the Jews are often taxed by the Prophets as some of the Manuscripts note in the Margin and the Poet more particularly here intends the Grove of Oaks by Dodona in Chaonia which was consecrated to Jupiter and in which he had a Temple That arbor may signifie nemus see Sat. 1. Illustrat 52. And thus in a jeer the Poet calls such a Woman though a Jew the Priest of Jupiter then adding Implet illa manum that the superstitious Dame gives somewhat to the Shee Jew also though of a different Religion For with some to interpret illa of the Jewesse seems not so agreeable to the word Parcius which rather expresses the quality of a distributer then of a receiver So that the parts of the sentence methinks thus answer one the other Judaea mendicat Et illa Romana implet manum the Jewesse begs and the Roman Dame gives though sparingly 66. His crimes then on another thrust Facies quod deferat ipse He speaks here historically intending one Egnatius a Philosopher as the Scholiast tells us who first perswaded the daughter of one Bareas Silanus to the practice of Magick and then accused her for it unto Nero by whose command both the Father and the Daughter were put to Death He touched upon this argument before Sat. 3. in that verse Stoicus occidit Baream 67. By whose kind Scheme worth all price a high-stiled Citizen fell Cujus amicitia conducendaque tabella magnus civis obit Here also a story is intimated and to be briefly touch'd of one Seleucus a famous Astrologer by whose instigation and prediction Otho with whom he was intimate failing to be adopted by Galba Piso being preferred caused Galba to be killed The time of which Fact sooner intended was by the special appointment of this man deferred In which expression there is nothing of any difficulty but conducenda tabella which briefly was the Table or Scheme of the Heavens which the Astrologer drew by his art and which the Poet ironically says was well worth the hiring or procuring implying rather that it was to be condemn'd and that the pernicious fellow had been often banish'd Where by the way we may observe that Juvenal calls Galba magnus Civis dealing more respectfully with him then the souldier did who finding his dead body cut-off the head which being bald and so not yielding the advantage of hair to carry it by thrust his thumb into the mouth of it and so contemptuously carried it to Otho as Sueton in his Galba cap. 20. 68. When their Armes sound with chains Sonuit si dextera ferro Laevaque Such dangerous and cunning men as they call them which foretold things in a time of War they carried as Prisoners with them in the Camp in expectation of the event in which condition they had a Souldier to keep them and for more furety they were tied together with a chain of some length for conveniency the one end whereof was fast'ned to the Souldiers left arm the other to the Prisoners right arm But if such a Prisoner were thought to be over-dangerous then as Seneca shews de Tranquillitate lib. 1. cap. 10. he was double guarded and chain'd as we read of St. Paul Act. 12. who slept between two Souldiers bound with two chains The Prisoner chain'd was usually call'd Custodia So Seneca speaks Epist 5. So Opera is taken for operarius See Lipsius on Tacit. Annal. lib. 3. The Poet then says that such Artists were of no account whiles they were esteem'd worthy of pardon by being call'd back from Banishment or whiles they were but condemned into Banishment into the Cyclades as if now one should say that a cunning man has no skill till he is ready to be hang'd But such men of Art says the Poet to his friend Vrsidius thy Tanaquil jeeringly that is thy modest and chast Wife such a one as Tanaquil the Wife of Tarquin the proud was does consult with concerning thy death So Britannicus and indeed her honesty and housewisery are much praised by the Ancient Yet the Scholiast says that she was very cunning in the Astrological Art and that she foretold her Husband that he should be King as Livy relates Decad. 1. lib. 1. But this difference I think may be easily composed by observing that the Poet picks out such a comparison for Vrsidius his Wife that should be artificially applyable both for the truth and the jeer for her skill in Houswifery and the Stars 69. With what Star c. Que lata Venus se proserat astro If Venus were in Conjunction with the Moon at the birth of a Child they held that the Child should be singularly belov'd as Tully notes lib. 1. de Divinatione 70. When she is carried but a Mile c. Ad primum lapidem vectari cum plaâ—et c. C. Gracchus as Plutarch sayes in his life did in the publick ways from Rome at every miles end erect a pillar of Stone for the direction of Travellers and likewise many other on the sides of the way at less distance serving for steps for the help of Horsemen the use of stirrops being then unknown as Salmuth notes on Pancirollus lib. 2. Tit. 16. pag. 276. The Poet here points out the singular superstition of these
Vectius Bolanus mention'd by Tacitus in the life of Agricola which Pontia is said for the love of an adulterer to have poisned two Sons which she had by Bolanus and to have been punish'd for it See Statius in his Sylv. lib. 5. in his Protrepticon ad Crispinum Parrhasius Epist 8. seems to make it but an intent in her and Lubin says suos duos filios veneno absumere voluisse confitetur yet streight he adds Quae itidem quod defuncto marito filios duos ut adultero nuberes obsequeretur veneno Necarit convicta cum largis se epulls onerasset sumpto veneno venis incisis saltans expiravit he speaks in part out of the Old Scholiast Yet afterwards upon the words facinus peregi he says ad Voluntatem refer which is methinks a strange expression of peregi Besides the place of the Scholiast is not well recited by him it being not so likely that she did both namely drink poison and cut her veins Pithaeus here out of Valla reads it thus Cum largis se epulis onerasset vino the ordinary copies of the Scholiast have veneno yet not as Lubin sumpto veneno which is farther from being mended venis incifis saltans quo maxime studio oblectabatur extincta est But Pithaeus in his Notes on the Scholiast recites this most apposite Inscription on an ancient Roman stone PONTIA TITI PONTII FILIA HIC SITA SUM QUAE DUOBUS NATIS A ME VENENO CONSUMPTIS AVARITIAE OPUS MISERAE MORTEM MIHI CONSCIVI TU QUISQUIS ES QUI HAC TRANSIS SI PIUS ES QUAESO A ME OCULOS AVERTE This instance of Pontia the daughter of Titus Pontius not of Publius Petronius Pithaeus prefers for the illustration of this place and surely it is the more certain story and singularly here appliable Yet because he gives no reason of his choice and that the other example has been generally receiv'd as the story here intended and that I also notwithstanding prefer his instance I think it necessary to shew mine own reason for the confirmation of his and mine own choice The Poet then speaking of Pontia aggravates her crime beyond those of Medea and Progne their 's being facts of revengeful passions but not of coveteousness for so the Poet expresses it Sed non propter nummos According to which diversitie of cause if we examine this instance we shall find that Pontia the Daughter of Petronius and wife of Bolanus mention'd by the Scholiast offended as he says ut adultero nuberet and so in a Lustful passion but the offence of this Pontia the daughter of Pontius in the Inscription is term'd Avaritiae opus and therefore I judge this to be the Person here intended and farther describ'd by the Poet as one offending rather in the sobriety of coveteousness then in the rage of Lust whiles afterwards he says of her quae computat Scelus ingens Sana facit the judgment being to be made not from the similitude of their facts but from the dissimilitude of the motives And here the ordinary reader may note that after the words here spoken by Pontia the Poet speaks the next Worst viper at one supper didst kill Two Pontia then again adding the next Yea Seav'n if th' had been Seav'n had seem'd Few 77. Like stones cleft from a rock c. Feruntur Praecipites ut saxa jugis abrupta quibus mons Subtrahitur clivoque latus pendente recedit This passage if consider'd has a little difficultie some taking clivus for pars radicis montis but that cannot agree with clivo pendente seeing that it will appear to be not the bottome but rather the top of the Mountain Lubin well expounds mons substrahitur by inferior cui saxa incumbebant not the lowest or bottome-part of the hill for that could not fall a way yet a low part a part toward the bottome low and so a basis to upper parts yet not so low but that it self might fall To make all then a little clearer Juga must here signifie the v rockie Mountain with a long ridge and a promontory Mons must express a Lower part not the lowest toward the outside whose falling-away causes the rest of the ruin Latus is the upper-part yet not the uppermost of the main-side which rested upon the lower Mons saxa abrupta are a part of the latus some parcels of stones usually breaking from the main lump that falls and clivus must signifie the uppermost part of all or the over-hanging peak the under-parts being gone Thus then the Poet says that Lustful Women are as furiously head-long as loose stones that fall from a Rock whose out-side underpart Mons being sunk away subtrahitur the main side latus falls after leaving only an overshooting peak clivus ready also to fall According to which examination I render it as nearly as the sense and words seem to admit Like stones cleft from a rock when th' under-part Sinks and the side from th' hanging brow does start 78. Which the thrice-conquer'd Pontick King did make Si praegustaret Atrides Pontica ter victi cautus medicamina regis The Poet here declares that Women had good patterns presented to them oftentimes upon the stage such as was the example of Alceste who when the Oracle had answer'd that her sick Husband Admetus King of Thessalie should presently die if he was not redeem'd by the death of some of his friends when all others refused voluntarily as the fable has it died in his steed yet the Poet avouches that Women were not amended by such brave example Nay says he one may every where find amongst them such as were the Belides the neices of Belus the Daughters of Danaus who being fifty in all and all married to so many Sons of their Unkle Aegystus did all except two Hypermnestra and Bebryce murder their husbands by their Fathers appointment upon the Marriage-night Or we may find says the Poet such as was Eriphyle who for a bracelet of gold betray'd her husband Amphiaraus causing him against His will to go to the Theban war where he fore-knew that he should die as according to the story he did The Scholiast mentions such another kind story of another Eriphyle both which may be here aim'd-at by the Poet for he speaks in the plural number Occurrent multae tibi Belides atque Eriphylae Then goes he on saying that one may meet betimes with a Tyndaris a Clitemnestra the daughter of Tyndarus who by the help of her paramour Aegystus slew her husband Atrides Agamemnon the Son of Atreus at a feast after his return from Troy though says he they are now indeed grown more cunning performing such deeds with more art by poison Yet he adds that they would fall to rude work and the very axe that is more grossely and surely dispatch them if their husbands should against their poisons use but the Antidote of Mithridates the Pontick King who was thrice overthrown namely by Sylla
Caves He never sings Nor with an Ivy-dart divinely raves Whose sober poverty night and day craves For mony which the Bodies wants supplies Horace 9 is full when once he Obe cries VVho displays Wit whom ought but verse perplexes When Bacchus Cyrrha's Lord our full breasts vexes When Nysa's Lord Apollo drives our VVit VVhich never can at once two Cares admit 'T is for an Ample Mind not one half-dead VVith Care to get a blanket to his bed To fancy Chariots Horses the Gods faire Shapes and the dire Erynnis that did stare On the amaz'd Rutilian King For grant That Virgil does a needful Servant want And a convenient Lodging quickly all The Snakes from his Alecto's Curles would fall Dull would his Trumpet sound without all State Of Greif VVe'd have 10 Rubrenus Lappa's Fate Be like his Muse The Ancient Buskin he Shall match though his small dishes and Cloak be At pawn to Atreus Numitor the wretch For 's Friend has nothing but a Guift hee 'l fetch For his Quintilla and without all need Bought a tam'd Lion which on Flesh does feed The Beast's kept Cheaper sure I that 's it Pie on 's A Poets guts will hold more then a Lyons Lucan may in his Marble Gardens lie Content with Fame but how will this supplio Sarranus and Saleius's wants what 's Fame VVhat 's Glory if 't is but an Emptie Name They run with joy to the sweet voice and verse Of Thebais when Statius does rehearse And sets a Day they 're caught with such delight The People hear with such an Appetite But 11 when his verse has crack'd the Seats he may Be starv'd if Paris buy not his new Play Agave Military Honours He Gives He 12 Knights Poets whom adorn'd we see VVith their Gold-half-years-rings for witness So VVhat Lords give not a Player does bestow Yet dost still after Camerinus run And Bareas Dost not your Lords Porches shun A Pelopea 't is can Praefects make Some Tribunes are for Philomela's sake Yet Envy not the Poet that 13 is fed By his Stage Labours For should'st thou want bread VVho 's a Metaenas Now A Fabius A Proculeius Cotta Lentulus VVit then had just reward Now some must pine Look pale and all December know no wine But now Historians your more fruitful task A great deal more of Time and Oile does ask For beyond mean the Thousandth Page does rise It grows with loss of Paper yet such size Numbers of Facts and Laws of Story yield VVhat 's yet the Crop the Fruits of this Plow'd field Does not a Notary gain more by 's trade They 're Sluggs you 'll say and love the Roof and shade Shew then that Lawyers Pleadings be less vain And what the bundled Books they bring do gain They Mouth it much but chiefly when they see The Creditor they Plead for or when He VVhom fear makes fiercer jogs them so 14 to get By proof from his Great Book a doubtful Debt Their hollow bellows then vast Lies do blow Their breasts bespaul'd But if their Crop you 'd know An Hundred Lawyers equal scarce by weight The 15 Red-coat Chariotier Lacerta's state The Leaders sit pale Ajax thou dost rise To save one's Question'd state Thy 16 Judge is wise Bubulcus Fool thy entrals crack that Tird Green 17 Palmes may make thy stairs and thee admir'd What 's thy Tongues Hire Some shrunk Gammon a Dish Of Tunnies or your 18 Moor's state Monthly-Fish Or Wine brought down by Tiber Thou shalt have Five Flaggons for four Pleadings and that 's Brave But if some Gold thou get'sts for some hard Cause By compact hee 'l have part that shew'd the Laws They 'l give Aemilius what he 'l aske yet we Plead better but in his large Porch they see A brazen Chariot four brave Horses and Himself on a fierce Warlike Steed his hand With bended Spear threatning aloft doth fright His one eyed Statue Meditates a Fight Thus 19 Pedo breaks Matho Tongillus too That makes with his great Oil-horn much a do Vexing the Baths with his dagg'd rout and oft His long-pol'd Litter Maesian slaves aloft Bear through the Forum You would think he 'd buy Boys Plate Myrrhe-vessels Farmes The Purple die Of his broad-studded Coat and Tyrian thread Promise no less Yet many a crafty head Gains thus Your Purple and Violet be Colours of Art They Mount your Lawyers Fee Yet they must Ruffle't and more wealth pretend But Rome to such expence Now sets no End Liv'd th' Ancients Now Cicero 20 ne're should see Two hundred Sesterces for his best Fee Wore he not a huge glist'ring Ring Who will Go Now to Law makes This his first Note still If thou hast eight Litter-men half a score Foll'wers a Chair behind 21 Gown'd Friends before Paulus did therefore still plead with a hir'd Sardonix got more ' cause thus admir'd Then Cossus could or Basilus 'T is Rare If Eloquence be found in Gown thread-bare When brings in Basilus a weeping Mother VVho'll hear him plead though well Seek then some other Law-Courts in France or Africa the Nurse Of Lawyers Tongue-work there may fill thy purse Thou Iron-breasted Vectius teachest Boys How to Declame 22 though their full Forms with noise Have kill'd fierce Tyrants For what on his Seat He read ev'n now standing he does repeat Tuning the same things in the same words still Such oft-dress'd 23 Colewort does poor Masters kill The Reasons of a Cause the kind the main Point and what Darts may be return'd again All fain would learn Reward none does bestow Reward says one why pray y' what do I know The Masters blam'd when in a heart unfit Th' Arcadian block-head has no spark of wit Each 24 Sixt day his dire Hannibal my pate Does fill in doubt from Cannae to march straight To Rome or after storms and thunder stay And lead his well-wash'd Troops some other way I le give straight what thou'lt ask if thou canst make A Father hear his Son so oft Some take A better course yet for some six or more Sophisters in the Courts with like throat roar They plead True Causes and leave-off to speak Of Poisons Feign'd Rapes Husbands that break Their Vow and Mortars that strange Med'cines hold Temper'd by Art to Cure the Blind though old The Rod of Freedome then he should bestow Upon Himself could I prevaile and go In a New way of Life who should descend From Rhet'rick Shade to Law-fight least he spend His little Coine which must get him a small Corn-mark That 's his Best pay Learn what is All Chrysogonus and Pollio get t' impart To Great mens sons near Theodorus's Art Their 25 Baths shall cost six Hundred their walks more Where they may ride when 't rains should they indure Till the Skie's fair or soil their Mules so fine Heer rather here their neat Mule's hoof may Shine Yonder 26 a Feasting-room shall mount on high Numidian Pillars breasting th' Eastern Skie VVhats'ere This costs a Carver shall beside Order each
magister though by the way I may remember for the singularitie of it that Bartholinus in his Anatomie l. 4. c. 15. relates such a story of a Danish child making it only an extraordinary excrescency of bones below the os coccygis the rump bone called so from the resemblance of the cuckoe's bill as he describes it saying majorem vero ossium cartilaginum numerum adfuisse puto in puero illo Danico cui cauda excreverat But says our Poet proceeding in his expression of His times Now-adays even boys will strike their masters though such as Satrius Ruffus a proud stout one Ruffus that sleighted Tully himself as but a fellow of an Allobrogian Gaulish or grosser eloquence or rather as some think that accused Tully as Salust likewise does of complying secretly with the Allobrogians 30. Yet without suit before the Tribune pay They seldome do Rara tamen merces quae cognitione Tribuni Non egeat The Poet here shews the misery of Grammarians such as were Enceladus and Palamon though this latter were unhappy chiefly by his intemperance telling them that they must deal like other trades-men that is abate somewhat of their first set price though seldome they got their pay without complaint to the Tribune so to compel the parents to the payment of their stipend for says Lubin Hoc inter alia Tribunorum munus erat He speaks warily and aloof off but Britannicus is more particular in his last annotation on this Satyre saying Sed finito anno pramium tuum promeritum non accipies nisi per litem quod populus id est ipse Tribunus magistratus populi jusserit tibi victori dari ut sic refer as ad illud Rara tamen merces quae cognitione Tribuni Non egeat so that by Tribunus he as some others since him understands the Tribune of the People Unto which interpretation Coelius Secundus Curio adds another and shewing first his dislike of Britannicus his exposition he uses these words suam taemen illi interpretationem reliquimus nostram in fine scholiâ— vice subjunximus hot modo c. The substance of his addition is this that to say that Tribunus plebis did decide such controversies as whether a Schoolmaster should have his Pay which was agreed-for is a vain untruth and against all Antiquitie such causes belonging to the Tribuni eararii whom he calls leves nummarios judices who did distribute justice with far less solemnitie for as he says In subselliis non pro Tribunali jus dicehans so that they sate not in state on the Tribunal as the Praetor did Which reprehension is accurate yet deserves a reprehension seing he sets it down as his own observation which he first publish'd but in anno 1551. whereas indeed it is the correction of Alexand ab Alexandro about threescore years before in his Gen. Die l. 2. c. 24. out of which place Curio transcribes hither above twentie lines verbatim without acknowledging either here or in his preface that he tenderd but Collections which yet might have yielded him credit enough for his own understanding Censure Disposal but expressely he calls it his own interpretation See more of these Tribuni aerarii in Alexand. ab Alexandro l. 5. c. 2. who shews that they sate in Fortiae Basilica a place built by Cato more particularly to our present purpose says of them quorum cognitio in pecuniariis minoribus causis plerunque fuit 31. As he goes To the Hot Baths or Phoebus his propose your doubts Vt forte rogatus Dum petit aut Thermas aut Phoebi balnea dicat c. The Poet shews here the small reward bestow'd by parents on a Schoolmaster and yet the great the rare skill which they require in him as that he be able to answer to all questions propos'd nay and that on the sodain as he is occasionally going to the Baths or about other business for this I think to be the true scope of this place though some things are necessarily to be examin'd for the just proof and clearing of it Some then understand by rogatus the Son or lad examin'd thus by his Father by peâ—it inteâ—rogat and apply it to the Father asking his Son this question what are Thermea or Balnea Phoebi and by dicat understand again the Son making answer But this methinks is very incongruous because then the Father should make the question concerning one thing Phoebi balnea and the Son should answer concerning another nutricem Anchisae c. where we may take notice that whereas some tell us that the nurse to Anchises is not nam'd by any Author if they had but consulted with the Scholiast they might have found her to be call'd Tisiphone Some understand petit de profectione of the Fathers going to the Baths and so in his jouroy of his proposing of diverse and curious questions But the exact purpose of the place seems to be concerning the Schoolmaster the exquisite abilitie they expect in him in Grammar in Histories in Authors namely us forte rogatus that if he be ask'd though but by Chance and on the By as he is going to the Baths or as otherwise imploy'd dicat he resolve instantly any the most curious frivolons questions so that the person implied both in rogatus petit dicat it the same the Schoolmaster Only it remains that we expound in this passage Dum petit out Thermas out Phoebi balnea why the Poet says aut Thermas aut balnea by way of division and secondly what Phoebi balnea are Concerning the first the Interpreters say nothing except Britanâ—icus who says on Thermae that they are loca caâ—ida from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 calidum Hot-houses to sweat-in and in reciting an opinion of some others Lubin confounds them with Balnea saying dum quarit quanam sint balnea Thermae Apollinis apud pâ—â—scos Historicos poetas But this were but to make the Poet speak absurdly in saying aut Thermae aut Balnea Difference then there was all Thermae being balnea but all balnea being not Therma Balnea were baths in general properly at the first only of cold water Thermae were baths of hot water and the first of them in Rome was built by Mecaenas as Dion testifies in his Augustus See Alex. ab Alexand. Gen. Die l. 4. c. 20. and though I think this distinction was not perpetually observ'd yet this is sufficient to clear our Poet's manner of speech from absurditie and confusion in saying aut Thermas aut Balnea Besides Thermae were the more stately works of Emperors or Great persons balnea though a general name being more usually the term for inferior places Many and most magnificent were the Thermae built by diverse of the Emperors as Alexand ab Alexand. shews in the place before cited and it was a part of the Aedile's Office to take care that they were kept cleanly and that they were not too hot as the same
Earth they were all that she crav'd More worth the Decii were then All they sav'd The Robe Rods Diadem Desert did fling On a poor Hand-maids Son our 27 last Good King The Consuls Sons our Gates thought to unbar To banish'd Tyrants when they should in VVar Have done for our then doubtful State and Right Some 28 brave Act which Cocles and Mutius might Have wonder'd at and that Maid so renown'd That swom o're Tiber then our Empire 's bound To th' Fathers 29 with these News a Servant runs A sad one to the Mothers of those Sons From whom disloyal blood the Rod first draws And then the first Axe of the Consul's Laws Better thy Father some Thersites were So thou wert an Achilles and could'st bear Vulcanian Armes then that thou be the Sot Thersites though Achilles thee begot But grant thou dost from far derive thy Line All yet is drawn from the infamous Shrine Thy First great Grandsire whenceso'ere he came Some Shepherd was or 30 what I 'le spare to name ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE Eight Satyre Atria the Reason of the Name and the Vse of them Ara Maxima Euganei Pumices their abuse The Breaking of the Statues of Noble Ossendors upon their Condemnation The Atria not open at the top against Ptolemaeus Flavius Mercurie's Statues their Fashion and Frequency at Athens Hirpinus and Corytha Naulum the various interpretations of it Resina the abuse of it anciently Discinxerit Afros expounded by Marcellus Donatus better by Britannicus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and Discinctus Zona Sententia the acception of it here against the Opinions of some Interpreters Sibyllae folium Acersecomes Tabellae Testamentariae the usual Place and Time of their Sealing Witnesses sworn Fasting 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 why so call'd shew'd from Balsamon Cucullus Santonicus Sufflamen Epona her Name and Dress Manna foeni 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a Spartan Curse Potta Idumaea Thermarum calices and Inscripta lintea the various interpretations of them discussed Lintea Cabsaricia Linum Catagraphon Mitte Ostia dâ—versly expounded Sandapilae Triscurria retained against the varietie of Reading tender'd by some The Manner Degrees and Reason of the strange Punishment of Parricides shew'd from Modestinus Dositheus Hieronymus Magius and Alexander ab Alexandro Culeus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the matter of it diversly expressed by Juvenal and Isidore the Capacitie of it reduced Coronets of Parsly used at the Nemaean Games the Cause of the Custome The various Reading of that passage In omni parte laborat The Militarie punishment with the Vine-rod Laurus Secunda diversly expounded Devovere se Trabea Diadema described by Pancirol from St. Jerom otherwise by Britannicus and probably with such difference by Marcellinus Regum ultimus unwarily here expounded by Autumnus That Passage Quod mitaretur cum Coclite Mutius too remotely expounded by Lubin aptly by Britannicus Servus Matronis lugendus differently interpreted The Rodds and Axe carried before the Consuls the form of them expressed from Antoine le Pois why they were bound-up together Autumnus his curiositie about Illud quod dicere nolo not admitted Asyla the Antiquitie of them 1. Then branch-out smoak'd Progenitors though true Some Gen'rals of the Horse Dictators too If now the Lepidi live ill Et posthac multa deducere virga Fumosos Equitum cum Dictatore Magistros Si coram Lepidis male vivitur THE Poet shewing â—he vanitie of old Genealogies decayed statues of one's Ancestors speaks in the figurative description of a tree and branches and so uses the words stemmata and multa virga after which fashion Genealogies use to be describ'd In which passage some expound multa virga by fasces virgarum the Bundles of Rods which by way of Terror were usually carryed before the Dictators the Consuls and the Magistri Equitum to omit some others which exposition though some choose not they shew no reason why they refuse it In which point I think that though the word be used in such a sense a little after in Juvenal himself in that verse Praecedant ipsas illite Consule virgas yet such an acception seems not to be here the Poet speaking here of such great Officers only as they were in statue Again some Copies have famosos which though it be most commonly used in the worse part and so could not be intended here he applying it to their vertuous Ancestors yet if it were taken here in better part it were nothing so sutable to the Poets present intent as fumosos which is aptly spoken as according to the custome of placing of waxen statues of their Ancestors in atriis in the Hall of the Palaces and according to that of Seneca de Benesic lib. 3. Qui imagines in atrio exponunt and afterwards in primâ parte adium collocant Now in their Atria they made fire as Britannicus notes citing St. Luke for it and alludes I suppose to his 22. cap. v. 55. where it is said they made a fire in the High Priest's Hall it being in the Original 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in the vulgar in medio atrii according to which use some amongst other Opinions think them to have been call'd Atria as Britannicus farther observes quod atra essent ex fumo In their atria they also supped as Pancirollus notes lib. 1. Tit. 51. that so the Censors as they passed-by might see whether any exceeded the Laws of expence in diet There is also a little difference here about the exposition of the word coram which join'd with Lepidis as some will have it signifies If thou livest ill before the Images of thy Noble predecessors the Lepidi as presently it follows in the like sense Ante Numantinos but expounded alone as it is by Lubin signifies Now or at this present and then Lepidis vivitur is by him taken for à Lepidis vivitur as if the Poet should say If Now the Lepidi live ill what is it to shew the statues of Ancestors which did well Either of which expositions may be without inconvenience admitted but Lubins yields more varietie and aptness of sense I may add what Britannieus notes that it is said Equitum cum Dictatore Magistros because always when they made a Dictator there was likewise made a Magister Equitum who in the absence of the Dictator had absolute authoritie One less doubt I may not omit in defence of my rendring Dimidios Curios by the Half-fal'n Curii for whereas some take it in opposition to Whole statues for statues form'd to the Wast it cannot be here so understood in respect that such half-statues are so made on purpose and by Art but these Dimidii Curii were such as were made so by Decay and so though half-statues yet not the half from the head to the wast but rather from the wast to the foot the upper part as more expos'd to injury being first decay'd as the Poet here expresses by the perishing of the nose and ears of the statues he here speaks-of implying
as he afterwards says Ita in occipitio vittâ constrictum est ut non facilè labatur ex capite Yet it should seem that rather the fascia or vitta it self then the bonnet was properly the Diademe if we consider the story of Pompey as Marcellinus describes it lib. 17. who was suspected of treason for wearing the fasciola candida about his legge to hide a soare that being generally interpreted for a Diademe and he accordingly suspected for aiming at the Empire it being as was said not material on what part of the body it was worn See Alexander ab Alex. Gen. Dier lib. 1. cap. 28. And this may appear from the name fram'd from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 circumligo it being a band of white cloth as some describe it round about the head Rightly therefore does Britannicus note that it was not Corona but fuscia But here I marvail that Autumnus rightly expounding the words ancillâ natus of Servius Tullius does notwithstanding on the words Regum ultimus say Tarquinius Superbus which though it were a truth of Regum ultimus absolutely taken he indeed being the last Roman King yet it being here expressely said with an addition regum ultimus ille bonorum it does apparently exclude Tarquinius Superbus 28. Some brave act which Mutius and Cocles might have wonder'd-at Quos Magnum aliquid dubiâ pro libertate deceret Quod miratetur cum Coclite Mutius c. The Poet here expressing that the Consuls Sons sought to betray the Libertie of their Country by seeking to bring back Tarquinius Superbus adds Quos magnum aliquid c. Quod miraretur c which last word Lubin applies to their Act which here the Poet enveighâ—-against implying that honest persons which loved the libertie of their Country wonder at those that would betray it especially their own Father being of another mind Which though it may be admitted yet not with any great Grammatical convenience in the construction if we consider the remoteness of the Relative from the thing to which he would thus applie it But Britannicus methinks far berter applies quod miraretur to that famous act which as he says had more beseem'd them such a one says the Poet Quod miraretur cum Coclite Mutius c. that is says Britannicus quod posset mirari imitari which singularly advances the sense of the place implying that they should rather being the Sons of such a Father have done some famous act which even the most famous Cocles Scevala and Cloelia who immediately grew famous after Them might have wonder'd at though themselves did things that were justly wonder'd-at according to which sense I choose to render it 29. To th' Fathers with these News a Servant runs A Sad one to the Mothers of those Sons Occulta ad Patres produxit Crimina Servus Matronis lugendus 30. Or what I le spare to name Aut illud quod dicere nolo The Poet concludes that it were better to be the Son of an unworthy Thesires so that one's self were an Achilles the nephew of Aeacus bravely behaving himself in the armour which Vulcan made for him then to be a Toersites though one were the Son of an Achilles But says he by way of jeer to the Noblest Roman thou canst not properly derive thy self better then from the Companie which assembled at Romulus his Asylum his Sanctuary or place of refuge so called from and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 dâ—ripio because no man might be drawn thence and then thou wilt prove but a shepheard like such as he gather'd together or what is worse such as those desperate persons as he intimates which in desperate fortunes consciences fled unto him Thus the common exposition takes illud quod dicere nolo for latro or the like making all whom Romulus entertain'd there either Shepheards or Cut-throats either Mean or Leud Persons But Auâ—umnus somewhat acutely excepts against this last part saying that the Poet in the former verses understood all these when he mention'd Asylum the infamous shrine and therefore would not presently again implie the same thing wherefore he thinks this to be an allusion to the next story of Romulus and his Companie about their particular exploit in Ravishing the Saline virgins Thus he would briefly have Rastores and Latrones to be understood before and here by Illud quod dicere nolo only Rapâ—â—es virgiâ—â—â— implying that the best of their Ancestors were either such as were glad to take Sanctuary or but Ravishes This I grant is witty if it prove as sound but I think this last verse to contain but the parts by way of explication of what was said before in general that is they all came from the Asylum and so were either Shepheards or worse for these Ravishers must be in the parts of that division All being derived from the Asylum Concerning the Asylum or place of refuge it self I need only intimate that this fact of Romulus in the erecting of it was but an imitation of many ancient examples as of Cadmus at the building of Thebes of the Posteritie of Hercules at Athens and diverse others for which see at large Alexand. ab Alex. Gen. Dier l. 3. c. 20. SATYRE IX A DIALOGUE BETWEEN Iuvenal and Naevolus ARGUMENT Lust and Poverty ill joyn'd In Monstrous Naevolus we find But here strange Virro Great and Vile Both Lust and Avarice defile Dark Crimes though hid scape not our sight By Night we see not yet see Night Over their Lords from guilt not clear Base Servants Tongues do Domineer JUV VVhy Naevolus so oft meet I thy brow All Cloud like Marsyas quite put down why now Look'st thou like Ravola caught with his sweet Rhodope With just blows indeed we greet Our sweet-mouth'd Servants A more wretched Face Does Crepereius Pollio ne're disgrace When he goes Offering Treble Use and lights Upon no Fools What sodain care thus frights Thy brow to wrinkles Sure thou liv'dst of late A Slave rather meer Knight though small in stare A Guest thou wast that bad'st thy quips most witty Veh'mently tart pure Natives of the City Now all 's inverted A sad Face dry Hair Like a shagg'd Copp'ce Thy Skin knows no neat care A hot glew'd-swath did once smooth thee with art Now every where rough hairs like sprigs do start What means thy meager shape like one half-tir'd VVhom a Domestick Quartane long has fir'd Thou may'st discern the Sick man's mind's Distress Or Sound man's Joys The Face does both express Methinks then thou seem'st chang'd and hast begun In a new diverse Course of life to run For I remember thou did'st haunt of late Isis shrine 1 Peace's Ganymede and wait On Cybel's Palace-Rites which hither came And Ceres For what Shrine don't women shame Th' Adulteter Aufidius was less known I could say Didst thou please the VVives alone Naev. Yet that 's a thriving way to some but small Gain I have thence A greasie Cloak is all To save my Gown course of
dis-esteem'd by the Romans Ebut taken for Elephas Nassa the Ordinary Reading and Interpretation of it approved Juv. 12. Ill. 1 2. As when Poetick tempests rise si quando poëticasurgit Tempestas Some here read Pontica and so understand such horrible Tempests as arise in the Euxine Sea which Reading yeilds a good sense yet Poëtica is the most received as being both ancient approved and expounded by the Scholiast besides it is singularly Satyrical for which considerable motives I retain it The Poet further implies the manner of men in danger of Shipwrack who were wont in their extremity to vow a Table or Picture expressing their danger unto the Temple of Neptune though afterwards in imitation of the Aegyptian superstition unto Isis who as Pignorius notes in his Mens Isiac Expos f. 5. was held to be the Patroness of Seamen and Commandress of the Winds and such Pictures are here called Tabellae votiva Now even in such distress says our Poet was dear Catullus the lower yet capacious part of the ship the Hold or Howle as the Seamen call it being fill'd with water and Alternum puppis latus evertentibus undis Arboris incertae the waves throwing the ship sometimes on the one side sometimes on the other to speak vulgarly or rather being ready to overset the ship puppis properly the sterne or sterage arboris incertae made but of unsure or dangerous plaâ—ks In which description I render puppis rather by the sterne then by the ship the first acception being more agreeable to the description here intended as may appear from the two kinds of troublesome motion of a ship The one whereof is in respect of her Length according to which sometimes the one end as the fore-castle sometimes the other as the Sterne is mounted-up by the waves and this is called the Heaving and Setting of a Ship the other is in respect of her breadth that is from side to side the Sea sometimes laying the Ship almost on the one side and sometimes on the other and this is called as a long continuance at Sea many years since taught me the Rowling of the Ship Which last motion being here intended as is plain from the words latus evertentibus undis and also being more notoriously discerned in the stern by reason of the height I therefore render puppis by the stern which being built highest for pleasure and direction containing in it commonly above the Captain 's cabbin cabbins for the Master and his mates is in the rowling of the ship most troubled and therefore well might it be suspected to be as the Poet speaks arboris incerta of plank scarce sure enough against greatest danger Juv. Sat. XII Illust. 3. 4. But so hold who else to prefer Life before his Gold Quis audet Argento praferre caput Some think rather the contrary of this speech to be truth but methinks it may with a gentle interpretation stand easily free from exception the Poet intending only an aggravation of the Coveteousness of men in His times And is it not usual with many in their sickness by an unwarrantable hope of escape without the Charge of Physick basely to cast themselves away And do not many likewise in Sea-storms in hope to save both life and goods loose both And though it be farther urged that this howsoever could be no cause of Commendation to Catullus because he did but that which even a beast the Beaver does without reason as the Poet acknowledges yet it must be granted that things in some respect a like may in another respect as of their motive mainly differ For so that which is meerly natural in a beast as to drink no more then enough is in man a vertue as done by the wisdome of reason Besides whereas again a little after some reprehend our Poet for saying navem mindrem facere for exonerare as they expound it the Poet speaks it not of casting out the goods but of cutting-down the mast ut malum ferro submitteret 0 Which is but more remotely to be expounded by exonerare that being properly a burden or weight not which is a part of the ship but of the carriage Though in a remote sense as I said the mast may accidentally be called so when by the violence of wind and wave it is too much driven on either side 5. And now a white thread spun Et staminis albi lanificae The Poet after his expression of a storm says Let any he now so hardy as to go yet to Sea committing his life to a few dressed planks of pine-tree that is a ship and so be but a few fingers breadth the thickness of the planks remov'd from the wave and consequently from death let him lay in his penurious provision his bag or net for his bread with his gorbellied flaggon but let him be sure to take an axe with him too to cut-down his mast upon occasion But at last says the Poet proceeding in his relation the weather grew calme and the fatal sisters began to spin a white thread wherein he implies the Opinion of the Ancients who thought that when the Parcae intended long life unto a man they spun him a white thread as when they intended his death a black according to that of Martial lib. 6. epig. 58. Si mibi lanificae ducunt non pulla sorores Stamina In this passage there is yet some farther doubt about these words tempora postquam Prospera vectoris some understanding by vector Catullus our Poet's friend but it may seem more congruous to take it for the Ship-man or Pilot that brings the Ship into harbour and that in the close of this passage is called magister in these words sed trunca puppe magister interiora petit Baiana pervia Cymba Tuti stagna sinus 6. A knowl nam'd from the matchless Sow so white with thirty teats Conspicitur sublimis apex cui candida nomen Scrofa dedit The Poet here shews how Catullus his Ship the weather being grown gentler came safe into the haven at Ostia in the mouth of the River Tiber which description including many varieties it will for the younger Reader be somewhat necessary to clear it in the several parts of it He says then that at last they discovered the high Mount neer which was built Alba Longa by Julus Ascanius who having before dwelt at Lavinum built by Aeneas and called so from his second wife Lavinia the daughter of Latinus his first wife the mother of Ascanius being called Creusa increasing in people departed thence after his father's death leaving Lavinum to his mother in Law and built Alba commonly called Longa from the long form of it but Alba upon this occasion The Oracle having told the Phrygians as it is in Virgil Aeneid 3. that when they should find by a river side an huge sow that should bring forth thirty pigs at one litter they should build a City in that place they finding this rare or matchless beast like unto which
he speaks ironically for the Lares of Gallita and Faccius In which passage some reprehend our Poet for saying that they would promise a Hecatomb it being not a Roman but a Greek Sacrifice likewise for saying that the Elephant carried on his back a cohort when as sometimes it consisted of 500. souldiers Lastly for saying ebur ducatur ad aros as if they would sacrifice the Ivory which was not a sacrifice though an Offring All which exceptions I grant to be learned and sharpe yet I think all these passages may more gently be interpreted for in the first the Poet seems not to intend the property of the sacrifice but the value meaning that such flatterers would promise not properly but as it were a Hecatombe that is a Sacrifice as costly as a Hecatombe In the second likewise whiles he mentions the burden of the Elephant he does but Satyrically aggravate it as speaking but according to the people and so jeering at the excess And so to the third he speaks not strictly but figuratively calling the Elephant Ivory as being the Creature that yeilds it which if it be a bolder expression the Judgment of the Author were a Defence But if the bravest strains in the rest of the Poet 's were all in like manner examin'd with this severity the rigour of Logick would call that untruth which the humanity of Rhetorick terms an Elegancy Let us then remember the moderation of the Learned Jo. Isacius Pontanus in his Collectan on Macrob. in somnium Scipionis lib. 2. cap. 7. saying on a like occasion Certe juvanda in pluribus potius vatum sensa quà m exigenda omnia ad rigidam normam 13. And expiation from some Tragick Hind Tragicae furtiva piacula cervae As the Poet before did not intend to speak properly when he mention'd a Hecatombe so in the like licence he proceeds in the aggravation saying that these fawners if they might would in hope of vast gain dress the brows of their Servants with garlands that is prepare to sacrifice Them nay even a Daughter though ripe for marriage an Iphigenia and though he should know before hand that she should not be saved by the substitution of some other sacrifice Wherein he expresses the execrable coveteousness of those flatterers and intimates the story of Iphigenia which briefly for the case of the ordinary reader was this The Graecians having kill'd a Hind consecrated to Diana were by the offended Goddess a long time detain'd at the haven of Aulis with their Heer by a contrary wind Whereupon consulting the Oracle and being told that to pacifie the Goddess they must sacrifice Agamemnon's daughter Iphigenia whom the Poet afterwards calls the Mycenian girle from her Father's Country Mycana her parents by the deceit or eloquence of Vlysses were perswaded to consent that she should be sacrific'd But when the time came Diana conveighed her away as the fable certifies us unto the Taurick Chersonese to be her she-priest there placing in her steed a Hind for a ready sacrifice a tragick Hind as the Poet Satyrically speaks for though the damsel escaped the Hind paid for it 14. T is meet he cancel his first Act. The wee ll of merit Imprisons him Delebit tabulas inclusus carcere nassa The Poet here bitterly jeers at Pacuvins saying that he was a fellow of a projecting brain and that it is true Agamemnon would have lost his daughter to have saved the Graecian fleet of a thousand ships but alas says he what is such a fleet to the estate which Pacuvius gets by offring his Iphigenia His daughter Surely another manner of matter even the wealth of Paccius Who if he escapes must needs alter his Will and for the Art of kindness wherewith Pacuvius has taken him as the wee l does the fish Pacuvius is the man that must be his sole heir which being once come to pass he may then walk with disdain slighting his dull corrivals whom his Master-brain finely surpassed But says the Poet descending again to sober earnest Let him out-last Nestor's years and our-vie Nero's riches who to enrich himself robbed both the Gods and Men yet like a very wretch let him neither love Others nor Others him Yet in this passage some take Nassa or as others have it Natta for the name of a Physitian at whose house their phansie would have the sick lie for cure and therefore to be inclusus carcere nassae But this methinks it rather to be mention'd because by others then esteem'd as seeming opposite to that which went before and so yeilding neither coherence nor good sense which according to their acception of Nassa would be this according to the Latin so expounded Si Libitinam evaserit ager Delebit tabulas inclusus carcere nassae If he recovers he will alter his will whiles he lies sick For if recover'd how does sickness then imprison him at his Physitians Or if he lies imprison'd with sickness at his Physitian 's how is he then recover'd Wherefore though this Reading and accpetion of the word be mention'd by Pulmannus without notice of the inconveniences I choose to retain the Ancient Reading and Exposition SATYRE XIII ARGUMENT Calvinus a great summe did trust To one unkind because unjust But when a summe so Great so Due He lost he lost his Patience too Our Poet shews him that his Rage Fits not his loss nor his old Age That Gold which once did for a while Mens Lives express does now Defile Now Desp'rate wretches dare Forswear By what their Guilt ought most to Fear Gold such may get but never Rest Jails they may scape Ne're their own Breast AN Exemplary Sin always dislikes Th' Author The Guilty this Revenge first strikes He 's never Quit Conscience does still return Though Favour Master the false Praetor's 1 Urn. What think'st Calvinus All think of th'unjust Fresh Crime the Crime of Violated Trust Yet thy wealth 's not so slender that the weight Of a small damage should straight sink thy state Besides Thine's one of our known Common losses Drawn from the mid'st of Fortune's Heap of Crosses Groans must not be too deep Greif Wise men bound It 's Rage must not be Greater then the wound Of light Ills the least part thou scarce can'st bear VVrath boils thy Breast Because thy friend did swear Yet renders not thy Pledge Alas Appears This strange to Him that has Pass'd Threescore years Born in Fonteius's Consulship Has such Age and Experience taught thee not Thus much VVisdom which does our Sacred Volumus fill VVith Precepts conquers Fortune with rare skill Yet those too we call Blest which can Bear strife Nor toss the yoak taught by meer use of Life VVhat Day so Sacred but reveals Thest bold Perfidie Cheats Gain from All Crimes and Gold Got by the Sword or Poison'd Box So Few Are Good That Thebes almost more Gates can shew Or wealthy Nilus Months These 2 our last Times Our Age is worse then th' Ir'n one for whose
to this of our Poet. Fliny also lib. 10. cap. 19. says that the inwards of a cock are a most acceptable offering to the Gods and before him Tully lib. 2. de Divinatione noted the same But whereas the Poet here says Cristam galli the margin of one Manuscript has this note Gallus mercuriâ— immolatus est partem pro toto posuit To which exposition that it is spoken by a metonymie we may add that it probably seems that the Poet somewhat satyrically named rather cyista than any other part to signifie that they durst not promise so small an offering which they could so easily perform aggravating thus me-thinks the greatness of their Despair and consequently of their Guilt by the smallness of their sacrifice SATYRE XIV ARGUMENT Children the Parents Image are Somewhat by Nature more by Care The Hand but Draws the mind gives shape The Child is but the Parents Ape Dice in the Sire Rage Riot Lust Are Vile but in the Son seem Just Since by the Cause th' Effect is Tainted As by the Face the Glass seems Painted The Sire that Builds oft when h' has done Though Stones he Raise pulls down a Son Old Superstition begets young From one false Fear more fears have sprung Though Avarice at first less pleases It grows one of our Lov'd diseases Base Fare Spight Toile by Sea and Land Gain and a Father do Command The Son then Loves what he did hate Instructions wonder becomes Fate Yet were it such Rome should love rather Great Juvenal his Country's Father MAny vile acts Fuscinus now there are Which spot and wrinkle things that once were fair Yet such ev'n Parents teach their children when The spend-thrift Die delights the Father then The Heir yet in Boss'd Coat plays too and shakes In his small box such tools Nor more hope takes A kinsman in his Nephew that can pare Your Mushromes and for costly sauce ne're spare Your 1 Fig-eaters half-drown'd swim in it so His Leud Sire's Aged Throat the way did show Let such a Child pass but seav'n years e're yet All 's teeth renew though thou on each side set A thousand Bearded Masters from such State Of Kitchin he will ne're degenerate A mind tow'rds small faults mildly just does e're Rutilus teach and think our Servants were Made of our Elements Or rather fright His houshold and more in loud whips delight Then in a Siren like Antiphates Or Polypheams And his heart then please VVhen for two Napkins the Tormentors hand VVith glowing Ir'n does a poor Servant brand VVhat learns his Son who does harsh chains slaves dire 2 Fire-marks and Country-jails with joy admire Can Larga's daughter think'st thou win Chast fame That can't so fast her Mothers sweet-hearts name But she must take breath thrice ten times when young Her Mothers Arts she knew Now from her tongue She fills small waxen tables which she sends By her known wantons to her Lusts dear friends Nature thus prompts it by Domestical Patterns of Vice we do more swiftly fall Great Authors undermining us There may A Youth or two whose hearts from purer clay Titan's kind Art has form'd not thus be led The rest doe in their Fathers leud paths tread The long known track of old faults draw the Soul Abstain from loss then This cause should controul Vice that our Children follow not our Crimes So soon we intimate what 's leud All Climes And people yield a Catiline But no Brutus or Cato Vtican we know Let not a filthy word or sight defile The Threshold where a Child lives Hence the vile Queans Hence the Parasites that sing all night All sacred Cares but due in a Childs sight VVould'st thou be leud Scorn not his years Resist Thy Lust and for thy Infants sake desist For if the Censor does him just disgrace Since he resembles Thee in limb and face The Son too of thy Manners nor does mend But by thy foot-steps still does worse offend Thou wilt no doubt rattle him for his ill Carriage and more provok'd alter thy VVill. But how can'st Thou assume a Parents brow And Libertie that grown Old dost worse Now Thy brain-less pate lack'd as long since distress'd A windy Cupping-glass If thou a Guest Expect'st thy Servants must bestir ' em Sweep The pavement and the Pillars neatly keep Make the drie Spider and the web come down Plain Plate some some th' Ingraven wipe with frown And wand thy Anger hastens thus Thus vain VVretch thou half-quak'st least a foul hound should stain Thy Hall and thy friends eie that comes displease Or least thy walk be soil'd with durt 3 though these Faults one half-peck of Dust and one Lad mend To form a holy houshold dost not tend For thy Son's Rule T is the best work one can Perform to give one's Country a Good Man To fit him for one's Countrey 's true renown Unto the Plow the Helmet or the Gown 'T is a great Matter with what Arts and kind Of Manners thou inform'st his tender mind With snakes and lizards from by-waies her brood The stork does feed which fledg'd seek the like food From Beasts Dogs Crosses Vultures with swift wing Do to their young part of the Carrion bring This is their food then when grown big they feed Themselves and now do in their Own tree breed But Jove's own Eagle and the Falcon tries The Forrest and at Hare or Goat he flies Home the Prey 's brought till their young grown mature Rais'd by the wing and Hunger do inure Their strength to Flight seeking such food as first They tasted coming from their Egge new burst Centronius was a Builder Houses store He mounted on Cajeta's winding shoar At Tibur's Tow'r Praeneste's Hills with fine Greek Marbles nay far-sought he Fortune's shrine And that of Hercules surpass'd Our fam'd Capitol Thus th'Eunuch Posides sham'd Whiles then Centronius dwells Thus thus impair He does his wealth and yet leaves no small share All which his mad Son wastes whiles he will have Of better Marble Houses far more brave Some since their sires kept Sabbaths heretofore Only 4 the Clowds and Heav'n's one Pow'r adore Swine's flesh they count as man's That their advis'd Father abhorr'd next they are circumcis'd Rome's Law they slight they Learn keep Fear the Jews What Moses his deep Volumes teach they choose To none but of such mind the way they 'll tell If circumcis'd they 'll lead one to a well But 't was their Father taught them This He plaid Ev'ry sev'nth day and did neglect his trade Yet other vices young men follow still Freely but Avarice against their will For vice deceives under fair vertue 's shew When in Grave shape and Dress it 's pleas'd to go The Niggard we as Thrifty boldly praise He spares He guards his wealth At 's task he staies Surer than if there did on his estate Th' Hesperian or the Pontique Dragon wait On such a Rev'rend Artist All men spend Their Gaze These smiths their wealth do still
extend But by All waies on Daily anvile Great It grows in their still-burning forge's Heat A Father then counts those fouls Blest that Gold Admire and This for a firm Truth do hold Never was poor man Happy They direct That way and bid them Plie That Sect. Vice has its Elements These First they shew Making them First some petty Baseness know Then a Desire of Gain beyond all size His false peck does his servants guts chastize His own feel hunger too nor at once must His folks consume ev'ry blue hoary crust In mid September yesterday's minc'd meat He saves and beans now boil'd next night he 'll eat They 're seald-up scraps of summer-fish soon stale He keeps with half a stinking 5 Nimble-tall Nay a large Leek whose strings he tells If some Bridge-ghest were bid to This he 'd scorn to come But why gather'st thou wealth with such vexation When 't is past doubt Phrensie of Perturbation That thou maist Die Rich to Live Poor Yet glut Thy bag with Coin till its cramm'd mouth does strut The love of Gold increases with new store Which he loves less that has None One farm more Thou get'st then One does not thy mind suffice Thy Bounds must stretch Thy Neighbour's corn does rise More full and Fair This and his Grove's delight Thou buy'st his hill too with thick Olives white Or whom no rate wins thy lean Oxen vex By night thy hungry herds with weary necks Which to the ears yet green thou driv'st Not shall They back till their fierce maws have eat up all His Crop thou 'dst think Hooks made a spoil so main Scarce can'st thou tell How Many Thus complain What Fields such wrongs have made men sell O shame What Talk there 's yet VVhat Trumpet of foul Fame Tush says he What hurt 's That A Pulse-shale more I value than the whole Town 's Praise if Poor I am and reap but a small crop No doubt Disease and weakness thou shalt scape without Mourning and Care thou 'lt Live A longer date Of Time thou shalt enjoy with better fare If thou of so much good ground be possess'd As under Tatius g the whole People dress'd Soon after ev'n the Ag'd whose youth did feel The Punique wars or the Molossian steel Of dreadful Pyrrhus scarce Two acres h got For many wounds For Blood and Toil such lot None thought Less than Desert Or This did call A Thankless Countrey 's Curtal Love A small Turf serv'd the Father and his House where lay His wife with-child four young ones there did play One servile three free-born but then their great Brothers that came from ditch or plow had meat More store with Pulse Then smoak'd an Ample pot Such ground Now serves not for a Garden-plot Thence flow most Crimes No vice did e're afford More Poisons or more fiercely use the sword Then a dire Love of an untam'd Estate For He that will be Rich will be rich straight But then where 's Fear of Laws what shame can hold The wretch that makes this Speed to heap up Gold Sons Live content with Cottage and low Hill Th' old Marsian Hernian and Vestinian still Taught Thus. Bread let 's provide with our own plow What 's Needful This the Rural Gods allow By whose help since the gift of grateful Corn The Palate does the Ancient Acorn scorn He 'll ne're offend the Laws who with plain mind Wears the high shooe in Ice and ' gainst th'East-wind Turn'd shins This forreign unknown Purple spreads Its tincture and to all lewd actions leads Thus th' Ancients taught but Now when Autumn's Done A bawling father wakes his sleeping son At mid-night crying To your wax-leaves straight Write Boy wake Plead On th' old Law-Rubriques wait Peruse them well Or for a Vine-Rod sue Away with bone-combs Let Great Laelius view Nostrils All-hair and shoulders strangely vast The Moorish Tents and Brigants Castles cast Thou down that when th' art Threescore thou maist gain A wealthy Eagle Or if Wars and Pain Seem tedious if the Horn and Trumpet make Thy Intrals loose with fear i thy self betake To merchandise Gain half Loath No ware though To th' Other side of Tiber fit to go Between Ointments and Hides no diffrence think There is whence e're 't is Gain does never stink That Poet's Verse alwaies repeat as fit Ev'n for the Gods Themselves and Jove's Own wit Coin How one Gets None care Coin one must have Old trots 6 teach boys thus that three farthings crave Your Girls learn This before their Alphabet A father pressing such Rules I could yet Urge Thus Vain man who bids thee make this speed Thy son I 'll warrant shall Thy Art exceed Be sure Ajax did Telamon out-go And great Achilles surpass'd Peleus so We must not force young minds their native sin Has not full marrow yet Let him begin To comb his beard and the sharp rasor trie He 'll bear false witnesse sell cheap Perjurie And touch Pure Ceres Altar and Foot Loe VVith his VVife's Coarse believe 't he Now does go If she a deadly dowry brought VVhat slie Poison in sleep she suffers For what Thy Dull brain though Sea and Land should bring Quick Guile Procures him straight A Great Crime 's no great Toile Thou 'lt say These Motives he had ne're from Me The Cause yet of his Leud Mind sprung from Thee For he that Cryes Love VVealth and by advise Too vile trains Children up in Avarice Who gives them Leave to double their estate By fraud the rains he to the Chariot straight Has giv'n if thou'dst recal't it cannot stand It whirles beyond the bounds slights thy Command No man's content to sin but just as thou Permitt'st More sins they to themselves allow VVhen thou befool'st thy Son that helps a friend Or does a kind hand to a kinsman lend Thou teachest him to spoil deceive and get VVealth by All Crimes on which thy heart is set As was the Decu's on their Country though If Greece says true Menoeceus lov'd Thebes So VVhose furrows yield strange Legions shields and all From Dragons teeth which straight to dire wars fall As if a Trumpeter had risen too Loe The flame whose sparks thou thy self first did'st blow Spreads broad devouring all Such Lot Thou 'lt have The Tutour'd Lion with dread noise to 's Cave VVill bear the trembling Master Thy Birth-scheme Your Cunning-men hve Cast But 't were extreme Dulness to wait Fate 's Distaffe Thou must die E're That thread 's broke Th' art Now a stop to thy Son's Hopes vext at thy long Hart's-Age Hence straight Unto Archigenes buy Mithridate If One Fig more or One more Rose thou'dst gather Get Antidote fit for a King or Father Before he feeds Sport I shew that Out-goes All Theaters and the brave Praetor's Shews If thou wilt view how ev'n their Life's distress'd For Gain Much Treasure in a Brass-bound Chest And Gold which may 7 at watchful Castor's Shrine Be kept Mars the Revenger they decline Since
in his large Animadversions upon it 3. Though these Faults one half-peck of Dust and one Lad mend tamen uno Semodio scobis hac emendat Servulus unus Diligent men are says the Poet in other things though but small yet negligent in the education of their children Thus if a friend is to be entertain'd and so expected One must sweep-down the Cob-webs another wipeclean the plate both the plain plate lave argentum and the rough or engraven 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and if thy walk or gallerie be soul thou art angry though a boy with a scuttle of dust strew'd over it will easily mend it Wherein he implies a custome of sprinkling dust upon a float to make it handsome Semodio scobis are the Poet's words Scobs signifying not only saw-dust the dust of wood but also that which comes-off from metal such as pin-dust But the Scholiast here on the word Scobis says Non 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 some read 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the dust of wood which is called commonly Serrago as being most usually wrought-out with the Saw seeming to mean that saw-dust or the dust of wood is not here to be understood and therefore rather the dust of metal which indeed is more neat though a troublesome curiosity in stately and wanton houses and somewhat difficult to be understood at least Beleiv'd if the very practice were not reported in story For thus Heliogabalus strew'd his porticus his gallery or walk with the dust of Gold and Silver as Britannicus notes out of Lampridius and Gallienus the Emperor as Autumnus adds out of Trebellius Pollio sprinkled his own hair thus with Gold-dust which probably being wrought-off with the file perchance the word Scobs is thence derived Scobina being used by Tertullian in Apologet. in that sense for a file But says the Poet men are not thus careful of their children but giving them bad example they are surely attended with as bad imitation And this they do says he as naturally as the young vulturs learn of the old their kind of food and nest fetching that like the old ones from Crosses or in a less accurate but proportional expression from gibbets Crucifying in Juvenal's time being in practice though afterwards forbidden as the Scholiast says and as Pithaeus notes out of St. Austin Quast in vet Testament by an Edict made as the Ecclesiastical Historians tells us by Constantine They learn also says he when they are grown big to rest themselves like the old ones in their own trees Yet here Caelius Secundus Curio observes out of Pliny that the vultur nestes not in Trees but on high Rocks though he himself makes answer that it may be on Trees growing on high Rocks as we may see them says he often grow Howsoever the objection is but Pliny's assertion and what is that more then Juvenal's unless sometimes it be of the two the more Poetical But thus says the Poet the Son will imitate the Father as the Son of Centronius imitated and exceeded his Father that vain builder who raised such stately houses at Tibur called from the high situation of it Arx Tiburis exceeding the state even of sacred peices dedicated to the Gods his buildings at Tibur surpassing the Temple of Hercules there for so some expound it where was also a famous Library mention'd by Agellius lib. 18. cap. 3. and his other structures raised at Praneste out-vying the Temple of Hercules there for so some expound this likewise where was also a famous Oracle as Strabo relates lib. 5. yet here may very aptly be understood with less search the Temple of Fortune at Rome built of most precious marble as Pliny notes lib. 36. and likewise the Temple of Hercules at Rome built very stately by Domitian which may methinks be here the more easily and sutably understood though truly also the other because he mentions presently afterwards the Capitol likewise a Roman structure which as he notes not without indignation was exceeded by Posides an Eunuch and but Claudius the Emperors freed-man whose vast buildings near the Baian shoar mention'd by Pliny were call'd the Pâ—sidian Baths not the Possidonian as some mistake 4. Only the Clouds à nd Heaven's One Pow'r adore Nil praeter nubes Coeli Numen adorant He shews in another particular that the Son vvill likewise imitate the Father if addicted to the Jewish devotion which he expresses by some specialties as Abstaining from Swine's flesh and Labour on the Sabbath day also by Circumcision calling the Jews Verpos the etymologie whereof I had rather you should learn from Alex. ab Alex. lib. 4. cap. 26. or from Scaliger de lingua Latina lib. 1. cap. 28. then from my Illustrations also by their worshipping as he says only the Clouds and One God and by their refusing of Commerce with any but of their own Religion In most of which particulars he speaks but according to the common misinformation which the Romans had concerning the Jews as that they would not shew the way or a Fountain to a weary travailour unless one of their own religion though the Scholiast expounds non monstrare viâ—s by non confiteri religionâ—s secreta and so upon fontem he says ubi baptizantur which were methinks to make the accusation of the Jews more slight This being but to accuse them of Niceness in their Zeal but that of Inhumanity Besides though the Poet seems not to acknowledge by the Light of Nature a Seventh day's worship of the Divine Power yet a Set-worship and that at Set-times is mention'd in him and though with some superstition as he intimates in the practice particularly in the sixt Satyre where he speaks of those Women who held it a Crime to use the Liberty of the Marriage-bed upon their Sacred Days But the chief doubt is about the Deity which they were said to worship which is here called Nubes and Coeli Lumen as some would have it But the best Copies and Criticks have here Coeli Numen aptly proving it from that of Tacitus speaking of the Jews Histor lib. 5. Judaei mente sola unumque numen intelligunt Profanos qui Deorum imagines mortalibus materiis in species hominum effingant and so Dion Cassius in his History lib. 37. observes it as a Singularity in the Temple of Jerusalem that there were no Images in it So that they are noted for two things contrary to the Roman devotion their Denying both a Plurality of Gods and the Representation of their Own One God in Statue And whereas the Poet says that they worshipp'd the Clouds Britannicus thinks that it alludes to Aristophanes in his 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 against Socrates who was in effect accused as one that Judaiz'd and especially to the frequent Appearings of God in the form of a Cloud as at the Red Sea at Mount Sinai and in the Temple many of the Heathen being acquainted with the Holy story as plainly enough appears to omit farther proof from this
redress 2 His Judge a Cassock cloaths VVhose shoes and large boots his High Seat ne're loaths Camillus's course we take by th' old Camp-Laws Beyond the Trench no Souldier pleads his Cause Far from his Ensigne The Centurion sure VVill gainst a Souldier Right me I 'le procure Recompence too Suppose the complaint Right The Regiment and Companies shall yet with might Conjoyn'd Oppose Shall the Revenge say they Exceed the wrong Thus then such causes may Vagellius the Mutinian Lawyer plead Wilt thou having but two things yet not dread 3 So many thousand nail'd Boots Art from Rome So fled Or who 's thy Pylades to come VVithin the Bulwark Tears no more abuse Nor trouble Friends who will themselves excuse Produce whoso'ere 't is whom the Judge thinks meet That saw the stroak and that dares say I see 't And I 'le beleive him worthy of the Beard And Hair of our Fore-fathers Less is fear'd Perjury ' gainst a Clown then Truth to swear Against a Souldiers State and Fame Le ts heat More Favours 4 which to these Sworn-Men belong If a leud neighbour keeps from me by wrong Some field or vally of my ancient ground Or does dig-up my sacred stone my Bound To which 5 my yearly Pulse and Cake I brought Or if my Debtor says my claim is nought Denies his Hand-writing or pretends Flaws A year 6 we wait till ev'ry body's Cause Thinks the Time 's come Thousand delays then lead Us on Only the Seats so oft they spread Fair-tongu'd Caeditius lays his Cloak aside Fuscus leaks ost When the Cause should be tried VVe part Thus fight We in the Law 's slow Sand. They whom Arms clad and the Belt Girds command A Hearing straight Their means ne're without fruit Are Gaul'd with the long Trigger of a Suit Besides None but your Souldier makes a Will His Father Living For what He gets still By War That 's no part of his Father's state Coranus then that does o' th' Standard wait And still earns Pay is by his Father Old And Trembling Sooth'd His worth may make him bold To his brave Acts He his Rewards does owe. Indeed the Gen'ral should his Guists place so That the most Valiant Happy like their Pains Should ride with Trappings all all with Gold-Chains Trin-Uni Deo Gloria ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE Sixteenth Satyre The Sixteenth Satyre most probably shew'd to be Juvenal's both from Ancient Authority and divers passages in it self against the Scholiast Praetor the use of the word Bardiacus judex Caligatus Caliga the Name Matter Fashion and use of it shew'd from Nigronus Antonius Augustinus Petrus Faber St. Jerom and Others Fulmentae Suppacta Donativum clavarium Clavi militares their various Matter Caliga opposed to the City-Shooe and so strictly the same with Calceus Castrensis Sacramentum taken for a Souldier Meer-stones accounted Sacred Sacrifice used at their placing Comes Signorum Annus Litium expounded by Servius better by Pithaeus 1. THen if to Mars kind Venus for me writes Or Juno in Sandy Samos that delights Quam si nos Veneris commendet epistola Marti Et Samiâ genetrix quae delectatur arenâ To omit the useless doubt about the order of this Satyre as whether it be the last as in some copies it is or the last save one as in others we may more materially consider whether or not this Satyre be Juvenal's it being left out of the most ancient Manuscripts as Lubin says according to which the Scholiast I grant says Ista a plerisque exploditur dicitur non esse Juvenalis Rutgersius also lib. 4. cap. 4. saying that it is ignoti poetae nibil enim minus quam Juvenalis Yet Lubin acknowledges that Joseph Scaliger thought it to be Juvenal's and so indeed long before him did Priscian and Servius Which opinion I the rather choose because to me it seems to contain some quick passages as exquisitely satyrical as any thing in him Witness for instance that in the beginning plus etenim fati valet hora benigni Quam si nos Veneris commendet epistola Marti Samia genetrix quae delectatur arena that is One hour of Right Luck shall more steed a Souldier than a commendatory letter from Venus or Juno so honoured and delighted with the Iâ—iand Samos unto Mars the god of War in his behalf Than which what could be spoken with more sharpness the One being his Sweet-heart the Other Mr Mother who is here said to delight in Samiâ arena by which some understand the Shews celebrated to the honour of Juno in the arena or Shew-place which was sprinkled with sand to suck up the blood of the Gladiators or combatants though in this place it would seem a little inconvenience in a sandy Countrey to sprinkle sand upon sand The more receiv'd reason is that Samos was generally and extremely sandy yet beloved of Juno not only because she had a Temple there but also and especially because it was the place of her birth Where we may farther note to prevent mistake that the Samos here intended there being more places of the same name is that which lies off at Sea over against Ephesus being about 55 degrees of Longitude and about 38 in Latitude as Mercator places it But whereas on this passage concerning the Fortune of Souldiers Britannicus thinks that the Poet implies the greater efficacy of the stars according to the scheme of the heavens at a Souldiers first entrance into the Camp according to the Aegyptian Superstition I rather think since he jeers at such vanity of opinion Sat. 6. that he does here thus preser Fate by which the severer sort of the Heathen seem'd to understand a Deity indeed before the supposed power of their fictitious Gods Witness again in defence of this Satyre as Juvenal's that expression of the violating the Meere-stones of one's Inheritance Convallem ruris aviti Improbus aut campum mibi si vicinus ademit Et sacrum effodit medio de limite saâ—â—â— Quod mea cum vetulo coluit puls annua libâ— than which what more sweetly poetical Witness That also toties subsellia tantum sternuntur jam facundo ponente lacernas Caditio Fusco jam micturiente parati Digredimur lentaque fori pagnamus arena then which what more pleasantly satyrical Witness that also Necres atteritur longe sufflamine litis as also that ergo Coranum Quamvis jam tremulus captat pater expressing a greedy father gaping after the estate of his own son Lastly witness that in the conclusion of the Satyre Vt laeit phaleris omnes torquibus omnes not only implying the duty of a General in the reward of brave Souldlers but also with a jeer the neglect of such duty in the manner of the expression whiles he says that they should have a jolly reward and swagger it out bravely in their trappings and chains of gold intimating alâ—â— that there was neither such encouragement to the Souldier nor consequently such justice in the
for a shooe according to that of St. Jerom. epist 47. cap. 3. speaking of an immodest maid that went in creaking shooes Caliga quoque ambulantis nigella ac nitens stridore ad se juvenes vocat It came at last to be used by Country-men and Citizens nay by Religious persons though most properly by Souldiers of the Mednest sort by which Dress and Art Caligula thought to get into the favour of the Souldiery The matter of the Caliga was wood and Leather fastned together with many nails underneath that they might last in long journies and both in stony and durty ways The Souldiers diligence did for the surer service as Nigronus notes p. 64. c. set peices on them which Plantus in Trinummo calls Fulmentas quasi fulcimenta Others Suppacta 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and the Italians tacconi But the nails being but small and therefore many the Emperours to help the Souldiers did sometimes bestow on them a Largess of Nails which was called Donativum Clavarium as Dion Gothofredus in his Notes on Festus Lit. C. And such nails were commonly of iron sometimes of brass but Antiochus his Souldiers as Valerius Maximus says had nails of gold and as Justin has it lib. 38. concerning the same souldiers they had shooe-nails of Silver and Gold treading that underfoot as he says for which men fight with iron Whence we may see that the Spanish Golden horse-shooes in the first American Conquests was but an Imitation with Improvement The Author of the Notes on Festus tells us that all the shooes which the Romans wore reached to the Mid-leg In the ancient expressions of the Roman Souldiers they are described with their shooes tied cancellatim crosse-wise or lattice wise twice above the ankle about a part of the leg and Nigronus thinks it probable that the Caliga came above the ankle to the leg after the fashion of the Italian shooes Borzacchini see Lorinus on the Acts. 12. yet he would not have them called tibialia or cruralia but calceamenta their chief use being for the foot Moreover p. 25. c. whiles he opposes the City-shooe and the Caliga he mentions Tully comparing himself with Antonie and urging it as a disgrace to return into the City cum caligis lacerna making caliga to be meerly calceus castrensis and that it did portend war Yet in Juvenal's time it must be acknowledg'd that though the Caliga were not worn by the Citizens yet it was worn in the City wherein there were not a few souldiers as Juvenal implies Sat. 3. saying planta calcor clavus mihi militis haeret See also concerning the Caliga Marcellus Donatus p. 313. on Sueton's Augustus cap. 25. 4. Which to these Sworn-Men belong Atque alia emolumenta notemus Sacramentorum The Poet here calls the Souldiers figuratively Sacramenta from their taking the Oath of Fidelity to their General before the taking of which Oath if they kill'd an Enemy it was accounted Murder as Dempster shews lib. 2. de Sacramento Militari 5. To which my yearly Pulse Cake I brought Quod mea cum patulo coluit puls annua libo The Ancients accounting their Meer-stone Sacred used at the placing of it to bring a Sacrifice more particularly as Britannicus notes a Lamb and as a God they adorned the stone with chaplets and as Juvenal says here offer'd pulse and a cake made as Athenaus says lib. 3. of Milk Sesamum and Hony But whereas when the Poet says in the person of one not a souldier If some leud fellow improbus offer to wrong my Meerstone the Scholiast would by improbus understand a Souldier I think that he mistakes the Poet intending only to compare the disparch of Souldiers Law-suits and Other mens and accordingly saying that City-Law-suits were most tedious but that Souldiers Law-suits were in the Campe quickly dispatched Thus improbus shall here signifie one that is not a souldier yet one that does another man wrong Besides otherwise the Poet should speak against his own intent for if any man had a cause against a souldier though it had been for taking away one's Inheritance Expedition he should have had for the souldier 's sake and though he had not had Justice with safery enough in respect of the danger from the Souldiers afterwards yet the Centurion judg'd rightly according to that justissima Centurionum Cogniti◠est igitur de milite Besides the Gown'd-Man here implies that the Judges of his cause were City Judges Caeditius and Fuscus not the Centurion The comparison then is briefly between a Gownd-man and a souldier 's condition in respect of expedition the Souldier having it always but the gownd-man only in the Campe and for the Souldier's sake as only to dispatch a trouble but that in City-trials with other gownd-men delay was an overthrow before sentence 6. A year we wait till ev'ry body's Cause Thinks the Time's come Expectandus erit qui lites inchoet annus Totius populi We says the Poet speaking in the Persons of such as are not souldiers may wait a whole year er'c we can get an appointed time for the Hearing of our Cause and when such time is come there are a thousand delays One Judge laying-down his Lacerna another going-out to leak In brief says he rather the Seats are prepar'd then the Judges we being straight dismissed the Cause being unheard so that we are worse wasted in the slow Law-court by Delay then are the Sword-players in the Sand of the Amphitheater The Souldier on the contrary says he has not his estate worn-out with such delay like a waggon-wheell with the trigger that stops it Besides says he there are other priviledges which attend the Souldier Signorum Comitem as Dempster more genenerally and I think suteably enough expounds it on Rosinus lib. 10. paralip ult the priviledge here mention'd belonging to all Souldiers though Pithaus from an interlinear gloss more especially understands by it Vexillarium a Standard-bearer a souldier much more an eminent one having power whiles his Father yet lives to make a Will what he gets in the war being meerly his own which makes the Father of worthy Coranus basely flatter his Son in an unnatural hope that if he dies in war he shall become his Son's Heir Indeed says he worthy Coranus owes his rewards to his own worth and fit it is that worth should be rewarded and so that brave souldiers should be bravely adorned as deserving troopers all with their trappings and their gold-chains In which passage there is one troublesome doubt amongst the Interpreters about Qui lites inchoet annus Totius populi Servius upon that of Virgil. Aeneid 2. Quidve moror si omnes uno ordine habetis Achivos says uno ordine uno reatu est de antiquo tractum scientia quia in ordine dicebantur cause propter multitudinem vel tummultum festinantium cum erat annus litium Juvenalis Expect andus erit c. But these last words Petrus Pithaus in his
strong concoctions heâ—â— and is yet raw Briefly whatsoe're on Citrean beds is writ VVe hence exclude as th' excrement of wit Thou dost some dish of good hot meat provide For some poor wretch whose belly 's his tongues guide Or to thy quaking foll'wer thou dost cast Thy thread-bare cloak which could no longer last Then thus thou speak'st You know ev'n from my youth I hated lies now therefore tell me truth Of me P. Can He tell truth Wilâ— let me speak Thou triflest bald-pate asâ—e and thy skills weak Seeing a fat-hogge-trough-pâ—â—ch before thee struts Full eighteen inches with a load of guts O blessed 3 Janus happy is thy luck Behind thy back whom never 4 Storks bill struck At whom no nimble singer'd hand being fram'd Like Asses white ears ever yet was aim'd Nor so much â—â—â—gue thrust forth in a base flout As an Apulian biâ—ch for thirst liâ—â— our You O Patrician blood whose heads are blind I' th' hinder part prevent a scorn behind What do men say That now your verses flow In a soft number'd pace both sweet and slow Whose well-smooth'd parts are so exactly joynd That the severest nail can never find The least unev'ness O says one he makes A verse as he that his true level takes Shutting one eye for to direct his line VVhich drawing with red oaker he doth signe VVhether he scourge with his deep-wounding times The delicate soft manners of the times Or th' impious Banquets of revenging Kings Our Poets Muse can well express great things P. I You shall see a fellow dare assay To write Heroick acts who th' other day But trifl'd out some Fables of small worth In scarce true Greek whose skill cannot paint forth A pleasant self-describing Grove's delights Nor praise the full-stor'd Country that ev'n writes The story of its own abundant store VVhere fruits and fire-wood and the fat'ned Boat Are never wanting where the shepheards feast Sacred to Pales is t' expel the Beast That hates the Lamb where shepheards on that day Are purged in a fire of smoaking hay Whence Remus sprung where Quintius thou wast born And where thy Plow-share was in furrows worn VVhen as thy wife trembling with joy and fear Made thee the great Dictators roabs to wear Before thine Oxen and to leave them Now Making the Lictor carry home thy Plow Behold then this brave Poet Some there are To whom Brisean Labeo's book seems rate VVhose lines swell like full Veins Others desire Pacuvius whom much they do admire And love often to read and ev'n to stay Upon his knotty harsh Antiopa VVhose woful heart was nourished with greif The Depth of sorrow yielding some releif When thou shall see the blear-eyed father teach His son these things can'st thou not quickly reach To know the cause how this our vile disgrace This hissing Frying-pan of Speach took place First in our Tongues And yet wherein our smooth Trossulians vainly themselves do sooth And ev'n leap in their seats when they hear Old words which please their thick false judging ear VVhen th' art accus'd art not asham'd to be Not able thy now-Aged head to free From fear o' th' law but love the luke-warm cry Of all thy hearers crying Decently Pedius says one unto thy charge I lay The guilt of theft VVhat now doth Pedius say In smooth 5 Antitheta's his faul't he weighs And for his learned Figures wins much praise O neat O neat In judging thou dost fail Base fawning Romane dost thou wagge thy tail For think'st thou if some ship-wrack't wretch should Sing He e're from me one Half-penny should wring Dost Sing when at thy shoulder thou dost wear Thy self and ship which the sharp rocks did tear His tears shall be express'd through's Misery Not-Studied for by Night that would move me To pity M. Yet in Numbers O there shines Beauteous composure added to those lines Which were before but raw P. I so it seems For one this as the only skill esteems To end his verse But O ridiculous VVith Berecynthian Atys or else thus The Dolphin which did cut Cerulean Nereus Ex'lent and this our Romans count most serious So thus another draws his numbred line We drew a Rib from the long Apennine M. Armes and the man I sing perchance you 'l dare To term this frothy fat-bark'd P. O no spare Your too-quick censure and dissolve your brow This Poem as an aged well-grown bough Season'd with time is with the warm Suns heat VVell boil'd in its own bark grown strong and great M. What then do you term soft and to be read VVith a loose-bending neck and bow'd-down head P. Their writh'd hornes the Mimallones did fill With sounds and Bassarâ— about to kill The scornful Calf snatching from him his head And Maenas as the spotted Lynx she lead With Ivy-bridles oft did Evion sound The reparable Eecho did rebound These these are brave But oh should such lines be If any vein of old Nobility Did live in us These weak lines in the Brim Of ev'ry mouth int h ' utmost spittle swim Maenas and Atys or some foolish Songs Are always in the moisture of their tongues They never Buffeted a Desk for These Or Bit their Nails such lines are writ with ease M. Grant this be true yet Sir You have no need With biting truth to make their soft ears bleed Well look you to 't I fear be not too bold Lest great mens thresholds towards you grow cold Me thinks th' are touched already and I hear The doggish letter R sound in mine ear P. Nay Sir rather then so all 's white and free All all is admitable well for me I will not hinder't Now y' are pleas'd I think You 'l say Let no man make my verses stink Making 6 a place for urine in a scorn Among my papers P. See then you adorn Your book and paint two Serpents on'r Boyes none Must urine in this Sacred place be gone And I 'le go first Yet did Lucilins cut Lewd Rome and thee O Lupus that didst glut Thy appetite and thee Mutius grown weak With lust and did on you his Jaw-tooth break So Subtile Horace laughing with his friend Would cunningly his vices reprehend And lying in his bosome in his heart VVould bitterly deride him with great art Skilful he was basely t' esteem the rout Yet ne're wrinkled his nose or seem'd to flour And may not I then Mutter not to th' Dust Not though Alone No where I will I must Digge here ev'n here My book I speak to Thee I 've seen I say I 've seen my tongues born free Who has not 7 Asses ears Thou shalt not buy This my obscure concealed mystery This my dear scoff my Nothing for whole miliads Of any base Poets long-winded Iliads Thou whoso'ere thou art that art inspir'd VVith bold Cratinus or with zeal art fir'd Like angry Eupolis and art grown pale With that old man whose stile with a full sail Bears strong against foul vice vouchsafe a glance On
Instance of the stately funeral of Stephen Gardiner sometimes Bishop of Winchester a man of shrewd wisdome and excellent learning I intend only his Civil Abilities a solemnity not sutable to the son of his pretended father but as may be seen in Brook's Catalogue published by Vincent of his true father Lionel Woodvile Arch-deacon of Oxford and for some years Bishop of Salisbury the son of Earl Rivers and brother to Edward the Fourth's Queen a Man that when by the death of divers brothers the Earldome fell to Him most nobly lest it to a younger brother According to this man's excellency was the funeral of his natural son Stephen Gardiner who leaving behind him 40000 marks in ready money for Executors the Vicount Mountague and the Bishop of Ely as the worthy Bishop Godwin in his Catalogue relates had the happy honour to have his body which was enclosed in lead carried from St. Mary Overies Church where it had continued in a vault about a quarter of a year through Southwark to Winchester in a Chariot covered with black having on it an Image lively representing the person deceased cloth'd in a Goap of Gold with a Miter on the head and all manner of Pontifical attire his Great Executors attending the Corps with two hundred horse which with the consideration of the length of the journey may rank it though a late one amongst Magnificent and Ancient solemnities Concerning funeral Antiquities see Juvenal also Sat. 1. Illustrat 51. and 52. and Sat. 10. Illustrat 36. and Persius Sat. 6. Illustrat 4. SATYRE IV. ARGUMENT Young Rulers The complaint of Lust On Avarice unsit though just ARt thou a Common-wealths cheif Governor Suppose the bearded grave Philosopher Whom the cold draught of Hemlock forc'd to dye Thus to demand On what dost thou rely VVhat are thy grounds speak Alcibiades Pupil unto the famous Pericles Oh wit and grave discretion I have heard Indeed do many times prevent a Beard And so Thou knowest no doubt though th' art but young Both when to speak and when to hold thy tongue VVhen therefore the vext multitude grow hot VVith choller and their duty have forgot Thou dost but lift up thy Majestick hand And straight a general silence doth command O're the tumultuous rout Then what dost say O ye Quiritians if prevail I may I think this is not just that 's done by you Nor This 't were better if you Thus did do For thou can'st weigh truth in the double scale Of the most doubtful ballance If it fail Straightways thou know'st it yea though hid it lye Between a double crooked falsity Of if a Rule so perfect is thy sight Measure not ev'ry thing exactly right And the 1 black Theta signe of deadly shame Thou can'st prefix 'fore an offenders name Thou canst do this Oh 't were a crime to Doubt Come come Thou being fair only without And in the skin in vain leave off to shake Thy tail before the flatt'ring rout or make Suit for great offices 'till age and cares Have made thee Fit to manage such affairs Thou being fitter yet to drink good store Of pure unmixt brain-purging Hellebore Wherein consists thy last thy greatest wish In having ev'ry day a full fat dish Then with sweet oyl to ' noint my skin and lye In the Suns pleasant warmth till it be dry VVhy had'st thou with the self same question try'd This poor old woman she had so reply'd Go now and boast how thy Nobilitie Comes from th' Illustrious Dinomache Puff out thy vaunts and say I 'me comely fair To grant thee such vain praises I 'le not care When ragged gran'ame Baucis that does cry Unto the looser servants Will ye 2 buy Any sweet herbs has as much wit as thee That thus doth boast of thy vain pedegree That no man will descend to his own heart And search the secrets of that hidden part No man But have their eies fixt evermore Upon his back and bagg that goes before For do but ask a man by chance d' ye know Vectidius farmes Hel ' say Vectidius Who The Chuff of Cures he whose grounds they say A kite can scarce fly o're in a whole day Him ev'n the Gods oppose and the sure fate Of an unlucky Genius Who the date Of time bringing again the Plow-mens feast VVhen from their painful labors they have ceas'd And now hung up their weary Oxens yoke By the worn path upon some aged oke When he should freely laugh and make good chear For other Plow-men 't is but once a year Most basely fearing to pull off the clay From his small Wine-vessel he 'l sigh and say Pray Jove that this my Prodigality Bring me not in the end to beggery A coated oignion then with salt he eats His servants much applauding such brave meats Nay and rejoycing for their happy lot And for the Barly-pudding in the pot Then sparingly he sups instead of Beer The cloathy dregs of dying Vineger But straight replies the other If Thou ' noint'st VVith supple oile thy foul lubberly joints And ly'st in the hot Sun letting it beat Upon thy skin with its strong parching heat There 's one whom thou scarce know'st stands here hardby Ev'n at thine elbow that could likewise cry Against thy Manners and thy lewder art The depilation of thy modest part And of thy lungs to prostitute thereby Unto a barren lust thy pathick thigh Thy Cheeks bearing a kemb'd oil'd beard Elsewhere VVhere dost thou too-unjustly smooth appear Scrape on but though 3 five lusty wrastlers would Root up these springing Plants yea though they should With crooked pinsers by their tugging oft Weaken thy parts of shame though first made soft VVith Barbers soapy water so to yield The better to the Plowers of this Field Yet this o're-spreading fearn will never bow Unto the deepest furrow-making Plow Thus we wound others and do yield agen Our thighs unto the darts of other men And thus we know mans life pursu'd to be By this too-much-assumed Libertie Yet some mens faults because they hidden lie From the Enquiry of their Enemy Are not objected to them yet are known To him to whom they cry VVe are thine Own Thou hast a secret wound under thy side But thy broad gold-boss'd girdle doth it hide So though thou make Men say Th' art well in Vain VVill thy Side say so too that feels the pain Thou 'lt here perchance reply VVhat when as all My neighbours Me an ex'lent fellow call And say I am not as your Common men Shall I ah Can I not believe 'hem then Alas blind wretch if at the sight of gold VVith avaricious love thou waxest cold And pale if ev'ry thing thou likewise do VVhich greif-procuring Lust provokes thee to If on the Table of thy Usury By most oppressing heavy cruelty As by a strong deep-wounding scourge thou make Many a sure-imprinted grievous strake To the false-praising People thou may'st lend Thy spungy sucking ears but to no end Seem not more
faenumque supellex Sat. 3. Illustrat 3. SATYRE VI. TO HIS FRIEND Caesius Bassus a Lyrick Poet. ARGUMENT The pining Niggards fruitless care To feed the Lust of his lewd Heir NOW Bassus hath the cold made thee retire Thy self this winter to the Sabine fire Do thy old I Harp and strings live to thee still Sounding lowd Musick with a stiffer quill Great workman whose blest Muse sweet lines affords Full of the Native beauty of Old words And on the Roman harp with happiness Of skill a masculine strong sound t' express Now playing young mens sports now playing some Brave Old mens actions with an honest thumb The warm Ligurian shoat grows hot to Me And I 'm now winter'd at my Native Sea Where the rocks yeild a shoar to them that saile And where the Haven into a large vale Retires it self 'T is fairly worth the sight The Port of Luna full of much delight Thus said wise Ennius aft'r h 'had dream'd he was Homer 2 the fist form'd by Pythagoras His Peacocks soul Here I retir'd live free From caring what the People think of me And what the unlucky South-wind doth prepare For Cattle Nor do I take greif or care If that my Neighbours field 's more fat then mine Let all poor-born grow rich I 'le never pine With stooping age for that or want good cheer Or touch the 3 signe of dreggy sealed beer In a hoar'd flaggon Yet another may Dissent from this For oft the same birth-day Hath an Ascendant strongly influent Producing ev'n in Twins a different Yea an opposed Genius For the one Warily with great circumspection And on his Birth-day only dips his dry Course hearbs in brinish sauce which he doth buy In a small cup His own self sprinkling His Dish with Pepper as a Holy thing The other a brave boy couragiously Spends a large portion in Luxury On his consuming tooth But as for Mine I 'le Use it yet ne're let my Freedmen dine With Turbets not be curious-mouth'd to know But by the taste if 't be a Thrush or no. Proportion thy expences by thy gain And grind out freely for thou may'st thy grain Laid up within thy Barnes What should'st thou fear But harrow and behold straight will appear Another Harvest VVhy I would thus spend But Duty hinders me For my poor friend His Ship being split held by the Brutian Sharp Rocks and bury'd in th' Ionian Rough waves all his Estate and his deaf cries Neglected by the Gods and himself lies Upon the shoar with his great Gods which he Caught from his broken Ship whose ribs now be Expos'd unto the Cormorant Nay Now Give him some of thy Land and do not thou Think thou can'st be too free Let him not lack VVandring with a Green Table at his back But if thou impair thy wealth thy angred Heir Of thy last Funeral-feast will take small care And with neglect into thy Urn will throw Thy bones without perfumes careless to know VVhether he buy dull-smelling Cinnamun Or Casia corrupt with Cherry-gumme He 'l say what dost thou idly spend thy wealth My portion being in thy perfect Health But more I 'm sure there 's thrifty Bestius Doth press your Learned'st Grecian Doctors thus Thus 't is since your Fond Liberality Rather emasculate soft Luxury VVith Pepper Dates and other ware hath come From your leud Greece unto our City Rome Our very Mowers do with too much oyl Their ancient wholesome meat Sawcily spoil But fear'st these things beyond thy grave Draw near Thou whosoe're shalt be my Heir and hear And that into our talk none may intrude Let us retire from the thick multitude My friend know'st not the news Caesar 5 hath sent A Laurel for a sign and ornament Of his great conquest over Germany And the cold ashes which before did lie Upon the Altars are now swept away And with great care and joy Caesonia Fixeth the conquer'd Kings armour of proof And all their weapons to the Temples roof Clads all the Captives in a durt-brown freize Placeth the Rheni of a huge vast size And orders all their Coaches VVherefore I VVill bring for this so happy victory To th' Gods and our great Captains Genius A hundred pair of Fencers I being thus Freely dispos'd who doth forbid Dar'st thou VVo if thou yield'st not Say that I 'm pleas'd now Upon the people to bestow a doal Of oile and flesh-pies dost thou dare controul Speak out and plainly VVhy your land thou 'lt say Is not so far so boneless but I may For any cause I see not greatly care VVhether or no you do make Me your Heir VVell then scorn Thou my Love yet thus much know Enow will be my Heir and thank me too For were none of my Fathers Sisters left No Cousin-germane or were I bereft Of all my Unkles Neeces daughters say My Mothers Sister had di'd Barrain nay That none sprung from my Grandame did survive Briefly that not one Kinsman were alive I 'le go but to Bovillae or the hill Of Virbius where standeth ready still Poor Mannius He shall be my Heir VVhat He A son o' th' Earth Obscure VVhy ask of Me VVho was my fourth Forefather I can't well And readily declare though I can tell But if you 'd know his Father and again That fathers father sure you must remain Satisfied thus That He did draw his birth Immediately from his Mother Earth And so at last you 'l find Mannius to be By right of Kin great Unkle unto Me. Yet why at all should'st Thou indeed desire To be my Hier when thou might'st be my Sire For Age and why should'st thou demand of Me My torch when I in course run after Thee Yet if thou be my Heir methinks thou ought'st To be content with what thou never boughtst I 'am Mercury and come to Thee a God As he is Painted VVith a chutlish nod Scorn'st my free offer VVilt not thou be glad For what is left VVhy here 's not all you had Left to You by Your Father True indeed Much I did spend on my own proper need But briefly this is all is left which All I 'le give to thee And do not thou now brawl Unkindly with me neither ask me where Is that which Tadius left me and ne're Give me hard words as fathers drawing nigh Their end do give their sons before they die Saying See thou put out the Principal And spend but of the Use let that be all But yet what 's Left what 's left Now lib'rally Pow'r Boy pow'r oyl upon my hearbs Shall I Upon a high Festival day be fed With a sod Nettle and a lean Swines head Hung up i' th' smoak by th' ear unto the end This leud Knave may my goods hereafter spend And fill'd with dainty Jiblets without shame Lewdly embrace a soft Patrician Dame When as his way-ward full-swolne chiding vein VVith an uncertain lust doth sob again Shall I be like the warp of bare cloth that To him a strutting panch may quagge