Selected quad for the lemma: father_n

Word A Word B Word C Word D Occurrence Frequency Band MI MI Band Prominent
father_n believe_v faith_n holy_a 10,213 4 5.4982 4 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A27524 Bertram or Ratram concerning the body and blood of the Lord in Latin : with a new English translation, to which is prefix'd an historical dissertation touching the author and this work.; De corpore et sanguine Domini. English Ratramnus, monk of Corbie, d. ca. 868. 1688 (1688) Wing B2051; ESTC R32574 195,746 521

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proper_a body_n which_o he_o assume_v of_o the_o virgin_n which_o may_v be_v see_v and_o feel_v after_o his_o resurrection_n as_o he_o say_v to_o his_o disciple_n luke_o 24.40_o handle_v i_o and_o see_v for_o a_o spirit_n have_v not_o flesh_n and_o bone_n as_o you_o see_v i_o have_v xc_o let_v we_o hear_v also_o what_o st._n fulgentius_n he_o urge_v the_o authority_n of_o fulgentius_n fulgentius_n speak_v in_o his_o book_n of_o faith._n firm_o believe_v and_o doubt_v not_o in_o any_o wise_a that_o the_o very_o only_o beget_v son_n god_n the_o word_n be_v make_v flesh_n 5.2_o flesh_n ephes_n 5.2_o offer_v himself_o for_o we_o a_o sacrifice_n and_o oblation_n of_o a_o sweet_a smell_a savour_n to_o god_n to_o who_o with_o the_o father_n and_o holy_a ghost_n by_o patriarch_n prophet_n and_o priest_n live_v creature_n be_v sacrifice_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o old_a testament_n and_o to_o who_o now_o that_o be_v under_o the_o new_a together_o with_o the_o father_n and_o holy_a ghost_n with_o who_o he_o have_v one_o and_o the_o same_o divinity_n the_o catholic_n church_n throughout_o the_o world_n cease_v not_o to_o offer_v a_o sacrifice_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n in_o faith_n and_o charity_n in_o those_o carnal_a sacrifice_n there_o be_v a_o signification_n of_o the_o flesh_n of_o christ_n which_o he_o without_o sin_n shall_v offer_v for_o our_o sin_n and_o of_o that_o blood_n which_o he_o be_v to_o shed_v on_o the_o cross_n for_o the_o remission_n of_o our_o sin_n but_o in_o this_o sacrifice_n there_o be_v a_o thanksgiving_n and_o commemoration_n of_o that_o flesh_n of_o christ_n which_o he_o offer_v for_o we_o and_o of_o that_o blood_n which_o the_o same_o christ_n our_o god_n have_v shed_v for_o we_o of_o which_o the_o apostle_n st._n paul_n in_o the_o act_n of_o the_o apostle_n say_v 20.28_o say_v act_n 20.28_o take_v heed_n to_o yourselves_o and_o to_o the_o whole_a flock_n over_o which_o the_o holy_a ghost_n have_v make_v you_o bishop_n to_o rule_v the_o 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take_v away_o their_o spiritual_a filth_n xviii_o behold_v how_o in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o element_n be_v see_v two_o thing_n contrary_a to_o each_o other_o a_o thing_n corruptible_fw-fr give_v incorruption_n and_o a_o thing_n without_o life_n give_v life_n it_o be_v manifest_a then_o that_o in_o the_o font_n there_o be_v both_o somewhat_o which_o the_o bodily_a sense_n perceive_v which_o be_v therefore_o mutable_a and_o corruptible_a and_o somewhat_o which_o the_o eye_n of_o faith_n only_o behold_v and_o therefore_o be_v neither_o corruptible_a nor_o mortal_a if_o you_o inquire_v what_o wash_v the_o outside_n it_o be_v the_o element_n but_o if_o you_o consider_v what_o purge_v the_o inside_n it_o be_v a_o quicken_a power_n a_o sanctify_a power_n a_o power_n confer_v immortality_n so_o then_o in_o its_o own_o nature_n it_o be_v a_o corruptible_a liquor_n but_o in_o the_o mystery_n it_o be_v a_o heal_n power_n xix_o thus_o also_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n consider_v 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the_o church_n do_v by_o his_o almighty_a power_n spiritual_o change_v bread_n and_o wine_n into_o the_o flesh_n of_o his_o own_o body_n and_o the_o liquor_n of_o his_o own_o blood_n he_o also_o do_v invisible_o make_v the_o manna_n give_v from_o heaven_n his_o own_o body_n and_o the_o water_n issue_v from_o the_o rock_n his_o own_o blood._n xxvi_o which_o david_n understand_v speak_v by_o the_o holy_a ghost_n say_v 27.25_o say_v psal_n 27.25_o man_n do_v eat_v angel_n food_n for_o it_o be_v ridiculous_a to_o imagine_v that_o the_o corporeal_a manna_n give_v to_o the_o father_n do_v feed_v the_o heavenly_a host_n or_o that_o they_o use_v such_o diet_n who_o be_v satiate_v with_o feast_v on_o the_o divine_a word_n the_o psalmist_n or_o rather_o the_o holy_a 20._o holy_a mat._n 26.26_o 27_o 28._o luke_n 22.19_o 20._o ghost_n speak_v of_o the_o psalmist_n teach_v we_o both_o what_o our_o father_n receive_v in_o that_o heavenly_a manna_n and_o what_o the_o faithful_a aught_o to_o believe_v in_o the_o mystery_n of_o christ_n body_n in_o both_o certain_o christ_n be_v signify_v who_o both_o feed_v the_o soul_n of_o the_o faithful_a and_o be_v the_o food_n of_o angel_n and_o both_o he_o do_v and_o be_v by_o a_o spiritual_a relish_n not_o by_o become_v bodily_a food_n but_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o spiritual_a word_n xxvii_o we_o be_v teach_v also_o by_o the_o evangelist_n passion_n he_o argue_v from_o the_o institution_n of_o this_o sacrament_n before_o our_o lord_n passion_n that_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n before_o he_o suffer_v take_v bread_n and_o when_o he_o have_v give_v thanks_o he_o give_v it_o to_o his_o disciple_n say_v this_o be_v my_o body_n which_o be_v give_v for_o you_o do_v this_o in_o remembrance_n of_o i_o likewise_o the_o cup_n after_o he_o have_v sup_v say_v this_o cup_n be_v
bear_v of_o the_o virgin_n mary_n in_o which_o our_o lord_n suffer_v on_o the_o cross_n and_o rise_v from_o the_o grave_a be_v the_o same_o body_n which_o be_v receive_v from_o off_o the_o altar_n against_o which_o error_n etc._n etc._n i_o hence_o observe_v 1._o that_o the_o opinion_n censure_v by_o he_o be_v the_o express_a doctrine_n of_o paschase_n and_o the_o roman_a church_n at_o this_o day_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o colour_n for_o m._n boileau_n to_o say_v that_o he_o censure_v man_n who_o hold_v the_o accident_n to_o be_v christ_n body_n for_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o body_n receive_v from_o the_o altar_n which_o he_o will_v not_o deny_v to_o be_v somewhat_o beside_o the_o sensible_a figure_n and_o accident_n of_o the_o consecrate_a element_n 2._o he_o censure_v this_o opinion_n as_o a_o falsehood_n and_o error_n against_o which_o he_o have_v purposely_o write_v 3._o he_o condemn_v it_o as_o a_o late_a opinion_n so_o that_o it_o have_v not_o antiquity_n to_o plead_v 4._o he_o represent_v it_o as_o no_o universal_a opinion_n but_o as_o the_o sentiment_n of_o some_o few_o erronei_fw-la few_o 1._o quidam_fw-la non_fw-la omnes_fw-la ubique_fw-la 2._o nuper_fw-la non_fw-la semper_fw-la 3_o non_fw-fr rite_n sentientes_fw-la ergo_fw-la erronei_fw-la so_o that_o in_o short_a the_o doctrine_n which_o be_v make_v a_o article_n of_o faith_n in_o the_o eleven_o century_n be_v in_o the_o nine_o century_n not_o so_o much_o as_o a_o probable_a opinion_n but_o reject_v by_o rabanus_n as_o a_o false_a novel_a and_o private_a opinion_n and_o by_o no_o mean_n the_o ancient_n catholic_n and_o true_a belief_n of_o christ_n church_n if_o mr._n boileau_n can_v produce_v any_o piece_n of_o the_o nine_o century_n wherein_o the_o proposition_n censure_v by_o rabanus_n and_o ratram_n be_v expound_v as_o it_o be_v by_o he_o or_o that_o contradict_v cellot_n anonymus_fw-la we_o will_v ready_o yield_v the_o point_n in_o dispute_n but_o that_o without_o any_o proof_n nay_o against_o so_o notorious_a evidence_n and_o so_o express_v a_o testimony_n he_o shall_v hope_v to_o obtrude_v upon_o we_o his_o own_o chimera_n touch_v the_o design_n and_o adversary_n of_o bertram_n in_o this_o book_n argue_v a_o degree_n of_o confidence_n unbecoming_a a_o divine_a of_o his_o character_n f._n mabillon_n fussse_n mabillon_n a._n b._n s._n 4._o p._n 2._o praef._n n._n 56._o rabanum_n ratramnum_fw-la anonymum_fw-la herigerum_fw-la aliosque_fw-la siqui_fw-la sint_fw-la paschasii_fw-la adversarios_fw-la in_o real_a christi_fw-la corporis_fw-la in_o sacramento_n praesentia_fw-la cum_fw-la ipso_fw-la convenisse_fw-la &_o contentionem_fw-la hanc_fw-la in_o vocum_fw-la pugna_fw-la sitam_fw-la fussse_n have_v more_o ingenuity_n and_o discretion_n than_o to_o attempt_v it_o and_o frank_o confess_v that_o both_o these_o writer_n do_v dispute_v against_o paschase_n though_o to_o salve_v all_o again_o he_o pretend_v that_o they_o believe_v the_o real_a presence_n as_o much_o as_o he_o do_v that_o they_o differ_v only_o in_o word_n not_o in_o doctrine_n so_o that_o it_o be_v rather_o a_o verbal_a than_o a_o real_a controversy_n but_o by_o this_o learned_a father_n leave_n the_o difference_n appear_v much_o more_o weighty_a paschase_n and_o his_o adversary_n be_v at_o as_o wide_a a_o distance_n as_o protestant_n and_o papist_n and_o of_o this_o the_o reader_n will_v be_v satisfy_v upon_o perusal_n of_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o my_o dissertation_n wherein_o i_o have_v set_v down_o the_o doctrine_n of_o paschase_n and_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n together_o with_o ratram_n contrary_a doctrine_n and_o have_v from_o the_o author_n himself_o show_v in_o what_o sense_n he_o have_v use_v those_o term_n which_o seem_v proper_a to_o establish_v transubstantiation_n but_o real_o overthrow_v it_o and_o this_o without_o the_o help_n of_o those_o new_a and_o bold_a figure_n which_o m._n boileau_n have_v be_v force_v to_o invent_v hitherto_o i_o have_v be_v detect_v the_o weakness_n of_o those_o argument_n which_o this_o doctor_n make_v use_v of_o to_o prove_v his_o paradox_n that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o ratram_n be_v conformable_a to_o that_o of_o paschase_n and_o the_o faith_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n i_o shall_v now_o offer_v some_o few_o reason_n that_o convince_v i_o of_o the_o contrary_n 1._o it_o be_v a_o just_a and_o strong_a presumption_n of_o this_o author_n be_v against_o they_o that_o for_o above_o 120_o year_n together_o after_o his_o first_o appearance_n in_o print_n their_o most_o eminent_a doctor_n have_v with_o one_o consent_n yield_v the_o point_n i_o will_v not_o except_v his_o louvain_n friend_n who_o expedient_a to_o make_v he_o orthodox_n be_v with_o good_a reason_n by_o m._n alix_n declare_v impracticable_a since_o the_o appearance_n of_o manuscript_n for_o they_o justify_v those_o passage_n to_o be_v genuine_a which_o the_o louvain_n divine_n will_v have_v expunge_v as_o spurious_a mixture_n if_o bertram_n be_v so_o full_a and_o considerable_a a_o witness_n of_o the_o perpetuity_n of_o their_o faith_n touch_v the_o presence_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o holy_a sacrament_n how_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v that_o their_o supreme_a judge_n of_o controversy_n have_v treat_v he_o as_o a_o knight_n of_o the_o post_n the_o doctor_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n in_o former_a day_n be_v not_o unacquainted_a with_o the_o art_n of_o expound_v which_o be_v now_o practise_v with_o so_o much_o applause_n but_o have_v show_v themselves_o much_o great_a master_n in_o it_o than_o m._n boileau_n and_o have_v use_v it_o with_o great_a dexterity_n for_o evade_n the_o testimony_n produce_v out_o of_o other_o father_n by_o our_o divine_n against_o transubstantiation_n nor_o can_v we_o doubt_v but_o that_o they_o be_v breed_v under_o the_o strong_a prepossession_n and_o prejudices_fw-la for_o the_o real_a presence_n and_o consequent_o as_o well_o dispose_v to_o understand_v all_o the_o obscure_a and_o harsh_a passage_n of_o this_o book_n in_o the_o sense_n of_o their_o own_o church_n if_o the_o word_n can_v possible_o have_v bear_v it_o if_o it_o be_v now_o so_o plain_a as_o 25._o as_o nous_fw-fr avons_fw-fr son_fw-fr liure_fw-fr il_fw-fr ne_fw-fr faut_fw-fr que_fw-fr le_fw-fr lire_fw-fr pref._n p._n 24._o 25._o m._n dean_n of_o sens_n will_v have_v it_o think_v that_o bertram_n write_v neither_o against_o the_o stercoranist_n nor_o the_o real_a presence_n if_o the_o very_a read_n of_o the_o book_n be_v sufficient_a to_o convince_v a_o man_n thereof_o how_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v that_o so_o many_o pope_n and_o cardinal_n with_o other_o eminent_a prelate_n and_o doctor_n have_v conspire_v in_o the_o condemnation_n of_o so_o useful_a and_o orthodox_n a_o work_n to_o pass_v a_o 5._o a_o pref._n p._n 5._o sentence_n quite_o contrary_a to_o its_o merit_n and_o such_o as_o no_o man_n who_o have_v well_o examine_v it_o can_v reasonable_o have_v expect_v do_v they_o condemn_v it_o without_o examination_n then_o god_n preserve_v we_o from_o such_o judge_n do_v they_o not_o understand_v the_o book_n or_o do_v they_o want_v skill_n to_o try_v it_o by_o the_o roman_a standard_n for_o my_o part_n i_o can_v think_v so_o mean_o of_o the_o trent_n father_n who_o be_v employ_v to_o censure_v book_n and_o who_o compose_v the_o index_n what_o pity_n be_v it_o that_o no_o artist_n of_o that_o time_n can_v furnish_v those_o father_n with_o a_o pair_n of_o m._n boileau_n spectacle_n f._n mabillon_n continere_fw-la mabillon_n a._n b._n ubi_fw-la supra_fw-la n_o 126._o at_o cum_fw-la haec_fw-la classis_fw-la contineat_fw-la libros_fw-la qui_fw-la propter_fw-la doctrinam_fw-la quam_fw-la continent_n non_fw-la sanam_fw-la aut_fw-la suspectam_fw-la rejiciuntur_fw-la nihil_fw-la inde_fw-la in_o ratramni_fw-la fidem_fw-la inferri_fw-la potest_fw-la nisi_fw-la quod_fw-la ob_fw-la duriores_fw-la quasdam_fw-la &_o obscuriores_fw-la sententias_fw-la suspectam_fw-la doctrinam_fw-la visus_fw-la est_fw-la continere_fw-la tell_v we_o that_o bertram_n be_v not_o place_v in_o the_o first_o class_n of_o the_o index_n which_o consist_v of_o condemn_a author_n but_o in_o the_o second_o class_n in_o which_o the_o work_n of_o catholic_n writer_n contain_v false_a or_o suspect_a doctrine_n be_v prohibit_v so_o that_o nothing_o can_v be_v hence_o conclude_v against_o the_o soundness_n of_o his_o doctrine_n but_o only_o that_o some_o harsh_a and_o obscure_a sentence_n render_v it_o suspect_v to_o this_o i_o answer_v 1._o that_o nothing_o appear_v in_o the_o censure_n by_o which_o we_o can_v learn_v that_o the_o book_n be_v prohibit_v only_o for_o suspect_v doctrine_n and_o not_o for_o unsound_a doctrine_n which_o be_v also_o assign_v as_o the_o reason_n why_o some_o book_n of_o catholic_n divine_n be_v reject_v 2._o if_o the_o censor_n of_o book_n have_v only_o reject_v bertram_n for_o the_o obscurity_n of_o his_o expression_n or_o suspicious_a doctrine_n and_o not_o for_o false_a and_o unsound_a doctrine_n why_o may_v they_o not_o have_v allow_v he_o as_o they_o have_v do_v other_o in_o the_o same_o class_n the_o favour_n
of_o a_o temporary_a prohibition_n b._n prohibition_n vide_fw-la indicem_fw-la in_o class_n 2._o b._n donec_fw-la corrigatur_fw-la till_o he_o be_v correct_v or_o explain_v i_o fear_v those_o father_n despair_v of_o soften_a his_o harsh_a expression_n into_o any_o tolerable_a catholic_n sense_n 3._o if_o we_o may_v judge_v of_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o pope_n who_o publish_v the_o index_n and_o the_o council_n which_o order_v it_o to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o most_o eminent_a doctor_n in_o and_o soon_o after_o that_o time_n we_o must_v believe_v that_o false_a and_o heretical_a doctrine_n be_v the_o fault_n which_o the_o trent_n censor_n find_v with_o it_o sixtus_n senensis_n who_o write_v within_o three_o year_n after_o the_o council_n be_v dissolve_v call_v it_o s._n it_o perniciosum_fw-la oecolampadii_fw-la volumen_fw-la in_o vulgarunt_fw-la sub_fw-la titulo_fw-la bertrami_n sixtus_n sen._n in_o praef._n biblioth_n s._n a_o pernicious_a book_n of_o oecolampadius_n against_o the_o sacrament_n of_o christ_n body_n and_o say_v 2._o say_v aug._n expositionem_fw-la huius_fw-la loci_fw-la bertramus_fw-la detorquet_fw-la ad_fw-la haeresin_fw-la sacramentariorum_fw-la lib._n 6._o annot._fw-la 196._o n._n 1._o vide_fw-la n_o 2._o that_o he_o wrest_v st._n augustine_n exposition_n of_o these_o word_n i_o be_o the_o live_a bread_n to_o the_o sacramentarian_a heresy_n make_v the_o holy_a eucharist_n to_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o bread_n and_o wine_n in_o substance_n bear_v a_o figure_n and_o resemblance_n together_o with_o the_o name_n of_o christ_n body_n which_o be_v not_o true_o and_o corporal_o present_a but_o only_o in_o a_o spiritual_a and_o mystical_a way_n and_o make_v 6._o make_v berengarius_fw-la ducentis_fw-la pene_fw-la post_fw-la bertramum_fw-la annis_fw-la eandem_fw-la haeresin_fw-la instauravit_fw-la ib._n n._n 6._o berengarius_fw-la to_o have_v revive_v the_o same_o heresy_n two_o hundred_o year_n after_o he_o espencaeus_fw-la a_o author_n of_o the_o same_o time_n point_v out_o the_o very_a proposition_n which_o show_v the_o pseudo-bertram_a 19_o pseudo-bertram_a espencaeus_fw-la de_fw-la ador_n euch._n lib._n 2._o c._n 19_o as_o he_o style_v he_o to_o have_v be_v no_o true_a son_n of_o the_o church_n but_o the_o son_n of_o a_o strange_a woman_n 8._o woman_n vide_fw-la pref_o p._n 8._o claudius_n saint_n who_o be_v at_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n judge_v the_o book_n full_a of_o error_n and_o heresy_n and_o therefore_o spurious_a gregory_n de_fw-fr valentia_n 3._o valentia_n greg._n valen._n comment_fw-fr theol._n tom._n iu._n disp_n vi_o punct_a 3._o tell_v we_o that_o the_o book_n be_v leaven_v with_o the_o sacramentarian_a error_n and_o just_o sure_a for_o false_a doctrine_n condemn_v in_o the_o trent_n index_n and_o possevin_n credebat_fw-la possevin_n appar_fw-la t._n 1._o p._n 219._o bertramus_n prohibitus_fw-la est_fw-la omnino_fw-la a_o clem._n viii_o pont._n max._n in_o postremo_fw-la indice_fw-la librorum_fw-la prohibitorum_fw-la itaque_fw-la amplius_fw-la legendus_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la nisi_fw-la quis_fw-la concessus_fw-la sedis_fw-la apostolicae_fw-la ad_fw-la refellendos_fw-la qui_fw-la ex_fw-la illo_fw-la errores_fw-la afferuntur_fw-la bertramo_n qui_fw-la divinum_fw-la hoc_fw-la mysterium_fw-la haud_fw-la recte_fw-la intelligebat_fw-la neque_fw-la credebat_fw-la acquaint_v we_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o favourable_a judgement_n of_o the_o louvain_n divine_v it_o may_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v read_v save_v by_o the_o pope_n special_a licence_n in_o order_n to_o confute_v it_o be_v utter_o prohibit_v so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o for_o a_o obscure_a expresson_n or_o suspect_v proposition_n but_o for_o downright_a heresy_n that_o he_o stand_v condemn_v m._n boileau_n predestination_n boileau_n preface_n p._n 8._o he_o may_v have_v add_v baronius_n who_o can_v not_o be_v ignorant_a of_o this_o work_n yet_o never_o vouchsafe_v to_o mention_v it_o nor_o the_o author_n more_o than_o once_o and_o that_o with_o disgrace_n as_o a_o adversary_n to_o hincmare_n in_o the_o controversy_n of_o predestination_n confess_v that_o not_o only_o the_o trent_n censor_n but_o pope_n clement_n the_o viii_o with_o the_o cardinal_n bellarmine_n quiroga_n sandoval_n and_o alan_n utter_o reject_v this_o book_n as_o heretical_a but_o he_o give_v a_o incredible_a account_n of_o their_o inducement_n to_o do_v so_o viz._n that_o the_o protestant_n run_v they_o down_o by_o the_o pure_a dint_n of_o impudence_n 12._o impudence_n estant_fw-fr imprime_fw-la par_fw-fr le_fw-fr soin_fw-fr des_fw-fr protestant_n do_v allemagne_n comme_fw-fr un_fw-fr ovurage_fw-fr qu'ils_fw-fr s'imaginerent_fw-la leur_fw-fr estre_fw-fr favourable_a ils_fw-fr en_fw-fr furent_fw-fr ●rus_n sur_fw-fr leur_fw-fr parole_fw-fr &_o presque_fw-fr tous_fw-fr les_fw-fr catholic_n le_fw-fr rejetterent_fw-la comme_fw-fr un_fw-fr tres-mechant_a liure_fw-fr etc._n etc._n pref._n p._n 5._o see_v also_o p._n 12._o they_o first_o publish_v it_o they_o claim_v it_o as_o favourable_a to_o their_o sentiment_n and_o make_v translation_n of_o it_o into_o french_a to_o serve_v their_o own_o turn_n and_o they_o have_v the_o fortune_n to_o have_v their_o bare_a word_n take_v and_o thereupon_o the_o r._n cs._n general_o reject_v it_o as_o a_o pernicious_a forgery_n these_o be_v candid_a doctor_n indeed_o to_o take_v a_o adversary_n bare_a word_n and_o let_v go_v so_o considerable_a a_o champion_n for_o the_o real_a presence_n this_o be_v a_o extraordinary_a piece_n of_o civility_n for_o those_o doctor_n be_v not_o usual_o so_o prone_a to_o believe_v we_o though_o we_o produce_v scripture_n and_o authentic_a testimony_n from_o the_o father_n in_o proof_n of_o our_o assertion_n the_o first_o edition_n of_o this_o book_n have_v little_a appearance_n of_o that_o confidence_n we_o be_v accuse_v of_o there_o be_v no_o large_a preface_n or_o remark_n print_v with_o the_o text_n no_o exposition_n or_o paraphrase_n but_o plain_a translation_n for_o many_o year_n after_o the_o roman_a doctor_n have_v censure_v it_o but_o the_o naked_a text_n be_v fair_o leave_v to_o the_o reader_n judgement_n the_o first_o publisher_n of_o our_o party_n can_v not_o possible_o make_v a_o more_o confident_a pretence_n to_o the_o favour_n of_o bertram_n than_o m._n boileau_n do_v and_o yet_o we_o must_v beg_v his_o pardon_n that_o we_o can_v return_v the_o civility_n and_o give_v he_o up_o to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n on_o his_o bare_a word_n whatever_o motive_n prevail_v with_o they_o it_o be_v undeniable_a and_o by_o m._n boileau_n himself_o confess_v that_o their_o great_a man_n have_v judge_v this_o book_n heretical_a and_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n to_o believe_v that_o espenceus_n genebrard_n and_o other_o sorbon_n doctor_n of_o the_o last_o age_n be_v not_o as_o competent_a judge_n whether_o the_o doctrine_n it_o contain_v be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o faith_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n as_o himself_o m._n le_fw-fr faure_n and_o the_o other_o doctor_n his_o approver_n and_o yet_o if_o after_o all_o the_o judgement_n of_o so_o many_o great_a prelate_n and_o doctor_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n must_v stand_v for_o nothing_o and_o be_v no_o prejudice_n to_o the_o notion_n of_o ratram_n orthodoxy_n advance_v by_o mr._n dean_n of_o sens_n i_o think_v it_o but_o a_o modest_a and_o equitable_a request_n to_o he_o and_o his_o friend_n that_o they_o make_v no_o use_n of_o the_o concession_n of_o the_o centuriator_n alexander_n centuriator_n as_o mr._n boileau_n do_v remark_n on_o n._n 15._o and_o some_o other_o cite_v cent._n ix_o de_fw-la doctrina_fw-la transubstantiationis_fw-la habet_fw-la semina_fw-la bertramus_fw-la utitur_fw-la enim_fw-la vocabulis_fw-la commutationis_fw-la &_o conversionis_fw-la non_fw-la sequitur_fw-la vide_fw-la in_o dissertationis_fw-la nostrae_fw-la cap._n 5._o quo_fw-la sensu_fw-la his_fw-la vocabulis_fw-la utatur_fw-la centuriatores_fw-la etiam_fw-la objiciunt_fw-la mabillonius_n &_o n._n alexander_n who_o acknowledge_v in_o this_o author_n the_o seed_n of_o transubstantiation_n especial_o when_o it_o be_v remember_v that_o those_o author_n be_v lutheran_n have_v no_o power_n to_o make_v concession_n for_o we_o and_o be_v for_o consubstantiation_n which_o doctrine_n be_v utter_o inconsistent_a with_o ratram_n it_o be_v indifferent_a to_o they_o since_o he_o be_v no_o friend_n of_o they_o whether_o they_o give_v he_o up_o for_o a_o calvinist_n or_o papist_n if_o their_o inclination_n be_v determine_v one_o way_n rather_o than_o the_o other_o they_o must_v be_v strong_a to_o allow_v he_o for_o a_o transubstantiator_n who_o agree_v with_o they_o in_o the_o belief_n of_o a_o corporal_a presence_n than_o to_o acknowledge_v he_o a_o favourer_n of_o our_o sentiment_n which_o be_v against_o both_o 2._o a_o second_o reason_n why_o we_o can_v understand_v this_o tract_n in_o the_o sense_n of_o m._n boileau_n and_o for_o transubstantiation_n be_v because_o aelfric_n and_o our_o saxon_a ancestor_n who_o live_v in_o the_o ten_o century_n have_v teach_v we_o to_o understand_v it_o in_o a_o contrary_a sense_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n in_o the_o vulgar_a plea_n for_o oral_a tradition_n we_o may_v just_o expect_v a_o better_a account_n of_o the_o doctrine_n
&_o exegeticè_fw-la usurpatur_fw-la that_o true_o and_o real_o be_v term_n equivalent_a and_o here_o the_o former_a be_v expound_v by_o the_o latter_a i_o have_v be_v the_o more_o prolix_a on_o this_o term_n because_o m._n boileau_n lay_v the_o stress_n of_o the_o whole_a controversy_n upon_o its_o true_a sense_n in_o which_o i_o persuade_v myself_o that_o any_o impartial_a reader_n must_v needs_o perceive_v he_o to_o have_v be_v gross_o mislead_v by_o prejudice_n i_o shall_v now_o proceed_v to_o show_v how_o gross_a a_o error_n he_o be_v guilty_a of_o in_o expound_v another_o term_n of_o no_o less_o moment_n in_o this_o controversy_n which_o be_v the_o word_n species_n which_o he_o make_v to_o signify_v the_o 254._o the_o i_o will_v signify_v appearance_n &_o non_fw-fr pas_fw-fr la_fw-fr substance_n &_o la_fw-fr nature_n des_fw-fr choses_fw-fr comme_fw-fr les_fw-fr philosophes_n le_fw-fr prennent_fw-fr ordinairement_n praef._n p._n 41._o remarq_n p._n 220_o &_o p._n 250._o i_o will_v n'entend_v pas_fw-fr la_fw-fr verity_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr nature_n mais_fw-fr seulement_fw-fr ce_fw-fr que_fw-fr l'on_n appellè_fw-la les_fw-fr accident_n qui_fw-fr tombent_n sous_fw-fr le_fw-fr sens_fw-fr p._n 253_o 254._o appearance_n and_o not_o the_o substance_n and_o nature_n of_o thing_n in_o which_o exposition_n if_o i_o prove_v he_o deceive_v he_o must_v for_o ever_o renounce_v his_o confident_a claim_n of_o ratram_n for_o a_o patron_n of_o transubstantiation_n let_v we_o then_o before_o we_o offer_v any_o thing_n to_o evince_v the_o contrary_a see_v what_o proof_n m._n boileau_n bring_v to_o make_v out_o his_o assertion_n that_o by_o species_n in_o this_o tract_n must_v be_v understand_v the_o sensible_a apearance_n or_o accident_n and_o not_o the_o nature_n or_o substance_n of_o thing_n now_o for_o proof_n hereof_o he_o send_v the_o reader_n to_o his_o remark_n and_o upon_o a_o careful_a perusal_n of_o the_o place_n to_o which_o he_o refer_v i_o protest_v i_o can_v observe_v the_o least_o show_n or_o appearance_n either_o of_o reason_n or_o authority_n to_o countenance_v the_o sense_n which_o he_o impose_v on_o the_o term_n and_o the_o truth_n be_v i_o have_v always_o have_v more_o trouble_n to_o find_v out_o his_o argument_n than_o to_o answer_v they_o the_o former_a of_o the_o two_o place_n to_o which_o he_o refer_v be_v a_o remark_n on_o these_o word_n cognoscitur_fw-la word_n rem_fw-la p._n 220._o on_o n._n twelve_o quoniam_fw-la secundum_fw-la veritatem_fw-la species_n creaturae_fw-la quae_fw-la fuerat_fw-la ante_fw-la permansisse_fw-la cognoscitur_fw-la it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o the_o species_n of_o the_o creature_n remain_v in_o truth_n what_o it_o be_v before_o this_o passage_n i_o confess_v deserve_v a_o remark_n and_o unless_o our_o translator_n make_v out_o his_o sense_n of_o species_n very_o clear_o it_o will_v stand_v in_o direct_a opposition_n to_o the_o trent_n doctrine_n that_o the_o substance_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n remain_v not_o after_o consecration_n to_o clear_v this_o passage_n he_o therefore_o cite_v another_o by_o which_o it_o may_v be_v expound_v in_o which_o ratram_n say_v x._o say_v non_fw-la enim_fw-la secundum_fw-la quod_fw-la videtur_fw-la vel_fw-la carnis_fw-la species_n in_fw-la illo_fw-la pane_fw-la cognoscitur_fw-la vel_fw-la in_o illo_fw-la vino_fw-la cruoris_fw-la unda_fw-la monstratur_fw-la num_fw-la x._o that_o we_o see_v not_o the_o form_n or_o appearance_n of_o flesh_n and_o blood_n in_o this_o mystery_n how_o honest_o that_o passage_n be_v thus_o render_v by_o he_o have_v be_v already_o show_v but_o how_o he_o prove_v species_n in_o that_o place_n to_o signify_v appearance_n i_o be_o still_o to_o learn_v for_o as_o i_o note_v before_o unda_fw-la cruoris_fw-la import_v the_o liquid_a substance_n of_o blood_n and_o give_v we_o fair_a ground_n to_o conclude_v that_o species_n carnis_fw-la signify_v the_o substance_n and_o not_o the_o mere_a accident_n of_o flesh_n he_o further_o add_v 220._o add_v rem_fw-la p._n 220._o that_o ratram_n learn_v this_o use_n of_o the_o word_n from_o the_o book_n of_o the_o sacrament_n ascribe_v to_o st._n ambrose_n whence_o he_o cite_v this_o passage_n follow_v for_o a_o example_n of_o it_o 3._o it_o spiritus_fw-la enim_fw-la sanctus_n in_fw-la specie_fw-la columbae_fw-la non_fw-la in_o veritate_fw-la columbae_fw-la descendit_fw-la de_fw-la coelo_fw-la lib._n 1._o cap._n 3._o the_o holy_a ghost_n descend_v from_o heaven_n in_o the_o species_n or_o likeness_n of_o a_o dove_n not_o in_o the_o verity_n or_o real_a substance_n of_o a_o dove_n i_o free_o grant_v the_o word_n in_o this_o place_n import_v the_o likeness_n or_o appearance_n in_o opposition_n to_o truth_n of_o nature_n but_o then_o withal_o i_o deny_v that_o it_o signify_v any_o thing_n like_o what_o they_o make_v species_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n in_o the_o holy_a eucharist_n to_o be_v it_o do_v not_o import_v all_o the_o sensible_a quality_n of_o a_o true_a dove_n which_o be_v miraculous_o convert_v into_o the_o holy_a ghost_n nor_o yet_o do_v it_o imply_v the_o sensible_a accident_n of_o a_o dove_n exist_v without_o a_o subject_a for_o though_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o father_n be_v express_v in_o deny_v the_o holy_a spirit_n to_o have_v assume_v the_o nature_n or_o real_a body_n of_o a_o dove_n yet_o some_o of_o they_o 3._o they_o surgenti_fw-la manifesta_fw-la dei_fw-la praesentia_fw-la claret_n scinditur_fw-la auricolor_fw-la coeli_fw-la septemplicis_fw-la aethra_fw-la corporeamque_fw-la gerens_fw-la speciem_fw-la descendit_fw-la ab_fw-la alto_fw-mi spiritus_fw-la aeream_n simulans_fw-la in_o nube_fw-la columbam_fw-la jnvencus_n evang._n hist_n l._n 1._o inter_fw-la poet._n vet._n eccles_n basil_n 1564._o in_o quarto_n non_fw-la tamen_fw-la de_fw-fr avibus_fw-la sumpsisse_fw-la columbam_fw-la sed_fw-la ex_fw-la aere_fw-la minime_fw-la dubitatur_fw-la l._n 3._o the_o mirabil_n script_n c_o 5._o apud_fw-la august_n tom._n 3._o make_v he_o to_o have_v assume_v a_o body_n like_o a_o dove_n form_v of_o air_n condense_v of_o which_o matter_n it_o be_v ordinary_o believe_v the_o body_n assume_v by_o angel_n do_v consist_v and_o if_o so_o the_o accident_n which_o affect_v the_o sense_n have_v a_o real_a and_o corporeal_a as_o the_o colour_n and_o feature_n of_o a_o well-made_a effigy_n subsist_v in_o a_o real_a subject_n though_o not_o in_o the_o very_a person_n who_o it_o resemble_v so_o that_o this_o citation_n be_v no_o authority_n for_o the_o sense_n he_o impose_v on_o the_o term_n and_o upon_o examination_n of_o these_o book_n whence_o he_o make_v bertram_n to_o have_v learn_v this_o use_n of_o the_o word_n species_n many_o undeniable_a example_n of_o its_o be_v use_v for_o the_o substance_n and_o specific_a nature_n will_v appear_v this_o be_v all_o the_o proof_n he_o offer_v unless_o the_o ipse_fw-la dixit_fw-la of_o a_o sorbon_n doctor_n must_v pass_v for_o a_o demonstration_n 54._o demonstration_n ad_fw-la num_fw-la 54._o the_o other_o remark_n to_o which_o he_o send_v we_o contain_v neither_o argument_n nor_o authority_n to_o bear_v out_o his_o exposition_n of_o that_o term._n i_o shall_v therefore_o now_o take_v leave_n to_o inquire_v into_o the_o true_a sense_n thereof_o and_o in_o a_o short_a digression_n give_v a_o probable_a account_n how_o it_o come_v into_o use_n with_o ecclesiastic_a author_n and_o have_v m._n boileau_n take_v the_o same_o method_n to_o search_v out_o the_o true_a meaning_n of_o species_n which_o he_o take_v to_o justify_v his_o force_a interpretation_n of_o veritas_fw-la that_o be_v have_v be_v please_v to_o consult_v the_o learned_a m._n du_fw-fr cange_n i_o may_v have_v spare_v my_o pain_n from_o he_o he_o may_v have_v learn_v that_o it_o be_v 918._o be_v species_n vox_fw-la j._n c._n notissima_fw-la quibus_fw-la idem_fw-la sonat_fw-la quod_fw-la veteribus_fw-la fruges_fw-la etc._n etc._n glossar_n tom._n 3._o col_fw-fr 918._o a_o term_n wherewith_o the_o lawyer_n be_v well_o acquaint_v and_o signify_v all_o that_o the_o ancient_a latin_a writer_n include_v in_o the_o notion_n of_o fruges_fw-la wine_n oil_n corn_n pulse_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o glossary_a at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o theodosian_a code_n publish_v by_o gothofred_n extend_v its_o signification_n species_n signification_n species_n sunt_fw-la res_fw-la seu_fw-la corpora_fw-la quaecunque_fw-la quorum_fw-la usus_fw-la est_fw-la aliquis_fw-la in_o humana_fw-la conversatione_fw-la &_o quidem_fw-la quae_fw-la tributi_fw-la annonarumque_fw-la nomine_fw-la fisco_fw-la penduntur_fw-la glossar_n nomic_a do_fw-mi species_n to_o all_o necessary_n of_o life_n tribute_n public_a store_n of_o provision_n and_o not_o only_o for_o the_o belly_n but_o the_o back_o also_o rich_a clothes_n and_o householdstuff_n jewel_n as_o also_o material_n for_o building_n timber_n and_o iron_n pass_v by_o that_o name_n in_o both_o the_o theodosian_a and_o justinian_n code_o in_o the_o writer_n of_o the_o imperial_a history_n vegetius_n cassiodorus_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o theodosian_a code_n there_o be_v many_o law_n concern_v the_o public_a species_n 4._o species_n tributa_fw-la in_o ipsis_fw-la speciebus_fw-la inferri_fw-la non_fw-la sunt_fw-la pretia_fw-mi
false_o that_o ratram_n intend_v to_o dispute_v against_o the_o real_a presence_n yet_o since_o he_o treat_v his_o adversary_n as_o catholic_n and_o call_v they_o the_o faithful_a the_o question_n in_o dispute_n must_v necessary_o have_v be_v some_o opinion_n of_o less_o moment_n than_o the_o real_a presence_n the_o belief_n thereof_o or_o of_o the_o contrary_a can_v never_o have_v be_v hold_v indifferent_a by_o the_o faithful_a not_o to_o spend_v time_n in_o expose_v his_o absurd_a pretence_n to_o suppose_v a_o thing_n when_o he_o immediate_o assume_v and_o conclude_v the_o contrary_a i_o deny_v this_o consequence_n viz._n ratram_n do_v not_o call_v his_o adversary_n heretic_n but_o treat_v they_o as_o brethren_n therefore_o he_o do_v not_o write_v against_o the_o real_a presence_n all_o that_o can_v be_v conclude_v thence_o be_v that_o the_o adversary_n of_o that_o doctrine_n be_v then_o as_o they_o still_o be_v person_n of_o a_o more_o charitable_a and_o meek_a spirit_n than_o those_o who_o maintain_v and_o propagate_v it_o there_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o difference_n between_o heresy_n and_o some_o gross_a error_n who_o patron_n do_v not_o desert_v the_o communion_n of_o the_o church_n and_o therefore_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o because_o ratram_n treat_v these_o err_v brethren_n as_o catholic_n and_o include_v they_o with_o their_o adversary_n in_o the_o common_a notion_n of_o faithful_a he_o must_v needs_o esteem_v the_o question_n in_o dispute_n of_o so_o little_a moment_n that_o it_o be_v indifferent_a which_o way_n it_o be_v hold_v it_o be_v plain_a he_o 11._o he_o num._n 11._o charge_v they_o with_o consequence_n very_o absurd_a 15._o absurd_a num._n 15._o with_o contradict_v themselves_o with_o subvert_v what_o they_o pretend_v to_o believe_v comprobantur_fw-la believe_v num._n 32._o sanctorum_fw-la scriptis_fw-la patrum_fw-la contraire_fw-fr comprobantur_fw-la and_o with_o contradict_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o father_n which_o be_v no_o very_o slight_a accusation_n and_o show_v plain_o that_o he_o do_v not_o esteem_v it_o a_o matter_n of_o no_o moment_n whether_o his_o own_o or_o his_o adversary_n opinion_n be_v embrace_v his_o second_o reflection_n be_v that_o ratram_n can_v not_o possible_o write_v against_o paschase_n because_o he_o take_v no_o notice_n of_o the_o miracle_n of_o christ_n apparition_n in_o the_o form_n of_o flesh_n allege_v by_o paschase_n in_o the_o fourteen_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v 1._o that_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n that_o he_o shall_v take_v notice_n of_o this_o miracle_n any_o more_o than_o he_o do_v of_o his_o other_o argument_n since_o as_o it_o have_v be_v before_o observe_v that_o it_o be_v the_o notion_n and_o not_o the_o book_n of_o paschase_n against_o which_o he_o dispute_v he_o act_v the_o part_n of_o a_o opponent_n throughout_o and_o never_o answer_v one_o argument_n save_v that_o he_o once_o n._n 56._o obviate_n a_o objection_n from_o st._n ambrose_n 2._o that_o admit_v we_o to_o pretend_v that_o ratram_n encounter_v the_o book_n of_o paschase_n we_o may_v as_o fair_o from_o our_o author_n silence_n infer_v that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o miracle_n allege_v in_o it_o but_o that_o those_o fable_n be_v since_o foist_v in_o m._n boileau_n say_v that_o blondel_n reject_v the_o whole_a chapter_n as_o spurious_a i_o have_v not_o his_o book_n at_o command_n to_o see_v his_o reason_n but_o i_o can_v believe_v he_o do_v it_o without_o all_o authority_n as_o be_v pretend_v m._n boileau_n 52._o boileau_n pref._n p._n 52._o himself_o say_v enough_o to_o show_v that_o the_o two_o last_o miracle_n be_v foist_v in_o when_o he_o acquaint_v we_o that_o one_o old_a manuscript_n have_v all_o three_o but_o another_o more_o ancient_a only_a one._n if_o one_o superstitious_a monk_n take_v liberty_n to_o insert_v those_o two_o why_o may_v not_o the_o first_o which_o doubtless_o be_v the_o fiction_n of_o some_o greek_a monk_n after_o the_o second_o nicene_n synod_n together_o with_o the_o discourse_n that_o usher_v it_o in_o be_v a_o forgery_n too_o as_o for_o the_o story_n of_o gregory_n the_o great_a and_o the_o roman_a matron_n which_o be_v likewise_o foist_v into_o our_o saxon_a homily_n out_o of_o the_o life_n of_o that_o pope_n it_o be_v impossible_a that_o paschase_n shall_v allege_v it_o since_o that_o life_n of_o gregory_n be_v not_o write_v in_o many_o year_n after_o 831._o after_o according_a to_o f._n maubillon_n a._n d._n 831._o paschase_n have_v publish_v his_o book_n and_o admit_v he_o to_o have_v live_v till_o 865._o which_o be_v fourteen_o year_n after_o the_o time_n when_o sirmondus_n say_v he_o die_v paschase_n must_v have_v be_v at_o least_o seven_o year_n in_o his_o grave_n before_o diacono_fw-la before_o vide_fw-la vossium_n de_fw-fr hist_n latin._n l._n 2._o c._n 36._o de_fw-fr joanne_n diacono_fw-la joannes_n diaconus_fw-la write_v the_o life_n of_o gregory_n in_o which_o only_o it_o occur_v and_o dedicate_v it_o to_o pope_n john_n the_o viii_o who_o be_v advance_v to_o the_o papal_a throne_n a._n d._n 872._o that_o be_v about_o forty_o year_n after_o paschase_n first_o publish_v his_o book_n and_o above_o twenty_o after_o his_o 851._o his_o a._n d._n 851._o resignation_n of_o the_o abbey_n and_o consequent_o after_o his_o second_o publication_n of_o it_o with_o a_o epistle_n to_o carolus_n calvus_n in_o which_o he_o style_v himself_o abbot_n as_o for_o the_o story_n of_o plegil_n the_o saxon_a presbyter_n who_o pray_v to_o see_v christ_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o child_n and_o obtain_v his_o request_n it_o be_v a_o shrewd_a presumption_n against_o the_o antiquity_n and_o authority_n thereof_o that_o it_o be_v omit_v by_o the_o interpolator_n of_o the_o saxon_a homily_n who_o will_v hardly_o have_v neglect_v so_o remarkable_a a_o miracle_n wrought_v in_o favour_n of_o a_o english_a priest_n but_o three_o not_o to_o stand_v expose_v the_o falsehood_n and_o impudence_n of_o these_o feign_a apparition_n or_o rather_o of_o their_o fabulous_a author_n pope_n author_n joannes_n diaconus_fw-la live_v near_o 300_o year_n after_o gregory_n pontificate_n be_v a_o fabulous_a writer_n and_o author_n of_o the_o story_n of_o trajan's_n soul_n be_v pray_v out_o of_o hell_n by_o that_o pope_n they_o all_o prove_v too_o much_o or_o else_o just_a nothing_o for_o either_o in_o these_o apparition_n they_o see_v what_o real_o be_v under_o the_o form_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n and_o what_o real_o be_v transact_v in_o the_o sacrament_n or_o they_o do_v not_o if_o they_o do_v not_o the_o whole_a be_v a_o mere_a illusion_n and_o fancy_n and_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n if_o they_o do_v then_o christ_n according_a to_o the_o description_n of_o the_o first_o and_o three_o miracle_n be_v still_o a_o infant_n both_o the_o jew_n and_o the_o saxon_a priest_n be_v say_v to_o have_v see_v a_o little_a child_n again_o christ_n must_v be_v divide_v into_o several_a part_n as_o the_o jew_n see_v his_o body_n break_v in_o piece_n in_o st._n basil_n hand_n again_o every_o communicant_a do_v not_o receive_v christ_n entire_a but_o only_o some_o part_n of_o he_o for_o the_o roman_a matron_n see_v the_o piece_n which_o she_o be_v to_o receive_v turn_v 38._o turn_v he_o bam_fw-la ƿear_a ð_n aeteoƿed_fw-la seo_fw-la snae_v ðae_n husles_a ðe_fw-la heo_fw-la ðicgan_v sceolde_v sƿylce_o ðar_v laeg_fw-la on_o ðam_fw-la disce_fw-la anes_fw-la finger_n liþ_n aeal_a geblodgod_n hom._n sax._n fol._n 38._o into_o a_o joint_n of_o the_o little_a finger_n all_o bloody_a again_o at_o this_o rate_n christ_n must_v be_v actual_o slay_v and_o the_o sacrifice_n of_o the_o altar_n be_v a_o bloody_a sacrifice_n for_o the_o jew_n be_v say_v to_o see_v his_o body_n divide_v in_o s._n basils_n hand_n and_o our_o saxon_a miracle_n monger_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o two_o monk_n see_v a_o angel_n with_o a_o sword_n at_o consecration_n divide_v the_o child_n body_n and_o pour_v his_o blood_n into_o the_o chalice_n and_o if_o so_o what_o become_v of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o concomitancy_n so_o that_o either_o these_o miracle_n prove_v nothing_o at_o all_o or_o else_o they_o prove_v what_o will_v as_o little_o consist_v with_o the_o romish_a belief_n as_o with_o we_o his_o three_o reflection_n be_v this_o that_o if_o ratram_n have_v be_v against_o the_o real_a presence_n he_o will_v not_o have_v fail_v to_o have_v reproach_v the_o greek_n with_o the_o belief_n of_o it_o in_o his_o four_o book_n write_v against_o they_o but_o this_o be_v a_o very_a trifle_a remark_n for_o this_o be_v a_o point_n upon_o which_o the_o greek_a as_o well_o as_o the_o latin_a church_n be_v at_o that_o time_n divide_v and_o as_o it_o have_v be_v unreasonable_a to_o reproach_n the_o whole_a church_n with_o the_o error_n of_o one_o party_n so_o it_o have_v be_v imprudent_o do_v to_o object_n to_o the_o greek_a a_o reproach_n which_o may_v have_v be_v
saviour_n but_o can_v any_o man_n in_o his_o wit_n believe_v that_o their_o scruple_n be_v mere_o about_o the_o cut_n and_o mangle_v of_o our_o saviour_n body_n and_o that_o they_o will_v have_v make_v no_o bone_n of_o swallow_v he_o whole_a no_o sure_a they_o stumble_v at_o the_o literal_a sense_n of_o his_o word_n they_o can_v not_o digest_v a_o command_n to_o eat_v man_n flesh_n which_o seem_v as_o st._n austin_n observe_v to_o be_v a_o impious_a precept_n and_o they_o will_v no_o doubt_n have_v as_o much_o abhor_v he_o can_v such_o a_o monster_n have_v be_v find_v who_o shall_v swallow_v a_o man_n whole_a as_o a_o ordinary_a cannibal_n but_o be_v mr._n boileau_n in_o earnest_n when_o he_o tell_v we_o 236._o we_o j'ay_fw-fr ajoute_fw-fr c'est_fw-mi a_o dire_a en_fw-fr la_fw-fr broiant_a avec_fw-fr les_fw-fr dent_n &_o le_fw-fr coupant_a par_fw-fr morceaux_fw-fr parce_fw-fr que_fw-fr c'est_fw-fr le_fw-fr veritable_a sens_fw-fr de_fw-fr ces_fw-fr mots_fw-fr charnellement_fw-fr etc._n etc._n remark_n p._n 236._o that_o to_o cut_v christ_n body_n in_o piece_n and_o tear_v it_o with_o the_o tooth_n be_v the_o true_a notion_n of_o carnal_a eat_n do_v our_o saviour_n answer_n to_o those_o murmur_a deserter_n any_o wise_a countenance_n this_o notion_n do_v it_o give_v the_o least_o hint_n that_o their_o mistake_n and_o scandal_n lay_v in_o apprehend_v that_o christ_n body_n be_v to_o be_v eat_v piecemeal_n no_o but_o he_o blame_v their_o stupidity_n for_o take_v his_o word_n which_o be_v spirit_z and_o life_n in_o a_o carnal_a or_o literal_a sense_n st._n austin_n cite_v by_o bertram_n expound_v our_o saviour_n answer_n make_v it_o import_n that_o his_o word_n touch_v the_o necessity_n of_o eat_v his_o flesh_n and_o drink_v his_o blood_n must_v be_v spiritual_o that_o be_v mystical_o and_o not_o carnal_o or_o literal_o understand_v in_o another_o place_n cite_v by_o 34._o by_o n._n 33_o 34._o bertram_n he_o make_v the_o hard_a say_v a_o instance_n of_o the_o necessity_n of_o understand_v the_o word_n of_o scripture_n in_o a_o figurative_a sense_n tell_v we_o those_o word_n be_v a_o figure_n enjoin_v we_o to_o communicate_v in_o our_o saviour_n suffering_n by_o a_o faithful_a and_o profitable_a commemoration_n of_o his_o death_n on_o the_o cross_n for_o we_o i_o confess_v both_o st._n austin_n and_o bertram_n describe_v the_o mistake_n of_o these_o disciple_n deny_v that_o his_o body_n be_v to_o be_v cut_v into_o piece_n and_o eat_v by_o bit_n but_o they_o make_v not_o this_o to_o have_v be_v the_o scruple_n of_o those_o infidel_n nor_o do_v either_o of_o those_o writer_n so_o much_o as_o hint_n that_o christ_n body_n be_v to_o be_v swallow_v whole_a on_o the_o contrary_a st._n austin_n make_v it_o to_o have_v be_v their_o erroneous_a conceit_n that_o 80._o that_o illi_fw-la putabant_fw-la se_fw-la erogaturum_fw-la corpus_fw-la suum_fw-la ille_fw-la autem_fw-la dixit_fw-la se_fw-la ascensurum_fw-la in_o coelum_fw-la utique_fw-la integrum_fw-la apud_fw-la ratram_fw-la n._n 80._o christ_n intend_v to_o give_v they_o his_o natural_a body_n his_o body_n which_o they_o see_v with_o their_o eye_n and_o bertram_n show_v how_o our_o saviour_n word_n confute_v that_o gross_a conceit_n say_v by_o way_n of_o paraphrase_n on_o they_o that_o when_o his_o disciple_n shall_v behold_v he_o ascend_v into_o heaven_n with_o his_o body_n and_o blood_n entire_a and_o without_o diminution_n they_o shall_v then_o understand_v the_o mistake_n of_o those_o carnal_a infidel_n viz._n that_o he_o do_v not_o command_v they_o to_o eat_v his_o natural_a body_n which_o be_v impossible_a since_o it_o be_v convey_v from_o they_o unto_o heaven_n this_o paraphrase_n he_o borrow_v from_o etc._n from_o verba_fw-la quae_fw-la locutus_fw-la sum_fw-la spiritus_fw-la &_o vita_fw-la sunt_fw-la spiritualiter_fw-la intelligite_fw-la quod_fw-la locutus_fw-la sum_fw-la non_fw-la hoc_fw-la corpus_fw-la quod_fw-la videtis_fw-la manducaturi_fw-la estis_fw-la etc._n etc._n aug._n in_o ps_n 98._o &_o in_o joannem_fw-la tract_n 27._o intellexerunt_fw-la quia_fw-la disponebat_fw-la jesus_n carnem_fw-la qua_fw-la indutum_fw-la erat_fw-la verbum_fw-la veluti_fw-la concisam_fw-la distribuere_fw-la credentibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n st._n austin_n who_o he_o cite_v for_o it_o n._n 80._o and_o 44._o and_o sax._n hom._n fol._n 44._o aelfric_n as_o have_v be_v show_v expound_v the_o word_n as_o do_v 98._o do_v aug._n in_o ps_n 98._o st._n aust_n again_o n._n xl._n vin_fw-fr xl._n parce_fw-fr que_fw-fr comme_fw-fr la_fw-fr substance_n visible_a c'est_fw-mi a_o dire_fw-fr ce_fw-fr qui_fw-fr paroist_fw-mi aux_fw-fr yeux_fw-fr de_fw-fr ce_fw-fr pain_n &_o de_fw-fr ce_fw-fr vin_fw-fr sicut_fw-la huius_fw-la visibilis_fw-la panis_n vinique_fw-la substantia_fw-la exteriorem_fw-la nutrit_fw-la &_o inebriat_fw-la hominem_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o the_o visible_a substance_n that_o be_v to_o say_v what_o appear_v to_o our_o eye_n of_o this_o bread_n and_o this_o wine_n nourish_v and_o quench_v the_o thirst_n of_o the_o outward_a man_n etc._n etc._n in_o render_v this_o half_a sentence_n there_o be_v a_o double_a fraud_n commit_v 1._o the_o adjective_n visible_a be_v undue_o apply_v to_o the_o word_n substance_n whereby_o he_o hope_v to_o persuade_v the_o reader_n that_o substance_n be_v not_o here_o to_o be_v understand_v in_o its_o proper_a sense_n but_o only_o for_o the_o sensible_a quality_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n whereas_o this_o author_n join_v that_o adjective_n to_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n isidore_n say_v substantia_fw-la say_v huius_fw-la visibilis_fw-la panis_n vinique_fw-la substantia_fw-la the_o substance_n of_o this_o visible_a bread_n and_o wine_n not_o as_o mr._n boileau_n translate_v he_o the_o visible_a substance_n i._n e._n quality_n of_o this_o bread_n and_o wine_n feed_v the_o outward_a man._n 2._o the_o notion_n of_o the_o word_n visible_a be_v corrupt_v by_o the_o translator_n gloss_n insert_v into_o the_o text_n of_o isidore_n viz._n that_o which_o appear_v to_o the_o eye_n of_o this_o bread_n etc._n etc._n viz._n the_o accident_n whereas_o the_o author_n mean_v material_a bread_n and_o wine_n the_o passage_n be_v a_o clear_a authority_n against_o transubstantiation_n and_o deserve_v a_o remark_n or_o two_o 1._o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n whereof_o he_o speak_v be_v consecrate_a bread_n and_o wine_n which_o the_o pronoun_n this_o demonstrate_v 2._o he_o say_v that_o the_o substance_n of_o this_o bread_n and_o wine_n after_o consecration_n do_v nourish_v the_o body_n 3._o he_o call_v it_o visible_a bread_n and_o wine_n which_o term_n be_v so_o far_o from_o import_v what_o our_o adversary_n will_v have_v it_o viz._n the_o sensible_a quality_n only_o that_o it_o signify_v material_a bread_n and_o wine_n as_o i_o hope_v to_o prove_v beyond_o all_o dispute_n when_o i_o come_v to_o examine_v mr._n boileau_n exposition_n of_o the_o controvert_v term_n so_o that_o i_o do_v not_o wonder_v that_o these_o word_n be_v not_o now_o read_v in_o isidore_n work_n in_o the_o like_a manner_n he_o corrupt_v bertram_n n._n lii_o recoit_fw-fr lii_o car_fw-fr ce_fw-fr corpse_n visible_a &_o sensible_a que_fw-fr l'on_n recoit_fw-fr hoc_fw-la enim_fw-la quod_fw-la sumit_fw-la corpus_fw-la corruptibile_fw-la est_fw-la for_o this_o visible_a and_o sensible_a body_n which_o be_v receive_v be_v subject_a to_o corruption_n the_o epithet_n visible_a and_o sensible_a be_v impertinent_o as_o well_o as_o deceitful_o foist_v in_o for_o if_o he_o have_v mind_v the_o author_n word_n corpus_n in_o that_o place_n import_v not_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n receive_v but_o the_o body_n of_o the_o receiver_n and_o the_o clause_n shall_v have_v be_v thus_o render_v that_o which_o the_o body_n receive_v be_v corruptible_a i_o shall_v not_o have_v take_v notice_n of_o this_o slip_n as_o i_o have_v not_o of_o some_o other_o mere_a slip_n in_o translation_n have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o the_o fraud_n thereby_o design_v a_o worse_a piece_n of_o false_a deal_n appear_v in_o the_o next_o paragraph_n n._n liii_o where_o he_o add_v a_o false_a gloss_n to_o the_o word_n of_o st._n ambrose_n do_v it_o not_o require_v a_o great_a power_n to_o create_v a_o thing_n of_o nothing_o than_o to_o change_v the_o nature_n that_o be_v the_o substance_n of_o thing_n nun_n majus_fw-la est_fw-la novas_fw-la res_fw-la dare_v quam_fw-la mutare_fw-la choses_fw-fr mutare_fw-la pour_v changer_n les_fw-fr nature_n c'est_fw-mi a_fw-fr dire_fw-fr les_fw-fr substance_n des_fw-fr choses_fw-fr naturas_fw-la he_o tell_v we_o 245._o we_o remark_n p._n 245._o that_o the_o nature_n here_o mention_v can_v be_v no_o other_o than_o those_o of_o bread_n and_o wine_n change_v into_o christ_n body_n and_o blood_n and_o this_o oblige_v he_o to_o add_v the_o word_n substance_n by_o way_n of_o explication_n now_o admit_v what_o he_o say_v i_o can_v see_v no_o such_o necessity_n of_o understand_v the_o word_n of_o the_o natural_a substance_n of_o the_o element_n neither_o this_o context_n of_o st._n ambrose_n to_o which_o he_o refer_v nor_o bertram_n exposition_n of_o that_o father_n nor_o yet_o
the_o force_n of_o the_o word_n nature_n itself_o do_v any_o way_n oblige_v he_o to_o it_o for_o 1._o st._n ambrose_n parallel_v the_o change_n make_v by_o consecration_n in_o the_o holy_a eucharist_n with_o several_a other_o which_o be_v not_o substantial_a change_n as_o the_o divide_v the_o water_n of_o the_o ibid._n the_o nun_n claret_n naturam_fw-la vel_fw-la maritimorum_fw-la fluctuum_fw-la vel_fw-la fluvialis_fw-la cursus_fw-la esse_fw-la mutatam_fw-la ambros_n ibid._n red_a sea_n and_o jordan_n the_o sweeten_v of_o the_o water_n of_o marah_n the_o cause_v of_o iron_n to_o swim_v which_o be_v only_o change_v of_o the_o natural_a quality_n not_o of_o the_o substance_n of_o thing_n 2._o neither_o do_v bertram_n expound_v st._n ambrose_n any_o way_n authorize_v that_o gloss_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_n direct_v we_o to_o take_v the_o word_n nature_n in_o another_o sense_n by_o a_o express_a denial_n of_o any_o change_n in_o the_o substance_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n as_o to_o liv._o to_o nam_fw-la secundum_fw-la creaturarum_fw-la substantiam_fw-la quod_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la ante_fw-la consecrationem_fw-la hoc_fw-la &_o postea_fw-la consistunt_fw-la panis_n &_o vinum_fw-la prius_fw-la extitere_fw-la etc._n etc._n n._n liv._o the_o substance_n of_o the_o creature_n they_o continue_v after_o consecration_n what_o they_o be_v before_o viz._n bread_n and_o wine_n 3._o neither_o will_v he_o say_v that_o the_o word_n nature_n can_v bear_v no_o other_o sense_n who_o contend_v that_o the_o word_n substance_n may_v signify_v no_o more_o than_o the_o sensible_a quality_n of_o a_o thing_n and_o it_o be_v gross_a trifle_a for_o i_o to_o labour_v in_o the_o proof_n of_o the_o contrary_a by_o example_n nevertheless_o i_o shall_v give_v he_o one_o out_o of_o salvian_n speak_v of_o some_o of_o those_o change_n which_o st._n ambrose_n parallel_v with_o that_o in_o the_o sacrament_n have_v prove_v god_n providence_n by_o miraculous_a method_n in_o which_o he_o bring_v the_o israelite_n out_o of_o egypt_n protect_v and_o feed_v they_o in_o the_o wilderness_n he_o go_v on_o thus_o 1669._o thus_o add_v huc_fw-la fontes_fw-la repentè_fw-fr natos_fw-la add_v medicatas_fw-la aquas_fw-la vel_fw-la datas_fw-la vel_fw-la immutatas_fw-la speciem_fw-la servante_n naturam_fw-la relinquentes_fw-la salu._n de_fw-fr gub._n l._n 1._o p._n 21._o edit_fw-la baluz_fw-fr par._n 1669._o to_o this_o add_v new_a fountain_n instant_o spring_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n also_o medicate_v water_n the_o one_o give_v miraculous_o the_o other_o change_v and_o make_v wholesome_a keep_n their_o species_n or_o natural_a substance_n and_o forsake_v their_o nature_n i._n e._n natural_a quality_n viz._n bitterness_n and_o unwholesomeness_n here_o species_n signify_v the_o substance_n and_o natura_n the_o sensible_a quality_n of_o bitterness_n another_o corrupt_a interpolation_n may_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o word_n which_o immediate_o follow_v n._n liv._o etc._n liv._o st._n ambroise_n dit_fw-fr due_a le_z changement_n qui_fw-fr se_fw-fr fait_fw-fr d'une_fw-fr choose_v en_fw-fr une_fw-fr autre_fw-fr est_fw-fr admirable_a etc._n etc._n dicit_fw-la sanctus_n ambrose_n in_o illo_fw-la mysterio_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la &_o corporis_fw-la christi_fw-la commutationem_fw-la esse_fw-la factam_fw-la &_o mirabiliter_fw-la etc._n etc._n st._n ambrose_n say_v that_o in_o this_o mystery_n of_o christ_n body_n and_o blood_n the_o change_n of_o one_o thing_n into_o another_o be_v admirable_a not_o to_o insist_v on_o his_o licentious_a alteration_n of_o the_o syntax_n i_o appeal_v to_o any_o man_n that_o understand_v latin_a whether_o ratram_n make_v st._n ambrose_n to_o say_v etc._n say_v st._n ambroise_n dit_fw-fr due_a le_z changement_n qui_fw-fr se_fw-fr fait_fw-fr d'une_fw-fr choose_v en_fw-fr une_fw-fr autre_fw-fr est_fw-fr admirable_a etc._n etc._n that_o in_o the_o sacrament_n one_o thing_n be_v change_v into_o another_o that_o be_v as_o mr._n boileau_n will_v have_v it_o 246._o it_o remarquer_n p._n 246._o one_o substance_n into_o another_o ratram_n infer_v no_o more_o than_o this_o that_o there_o be_v a_o change_n make_v which_o no_o body_n deny_v but_o that_o this_o change_n be_v of_o one_o thing_n or_o substance_n into_o another_o be_v mr._n boileau_n fiction_n who_o base_o impose_v on_o his_o reader_n both_o in_o his_o preface_n and_o remark_n cite_v this_o place_n so_o translate_v to_o prove_v that_o this_o author_n sentiment_n can_v not_o possible_o be_v different_a from_o those_o of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n whereas_o in_o the_o word_n immediate_o follow_v as_o i_o observe_v just_a before_o he_o deni_v express_o any_o substantial_a change_n i_o may_v add_v many_o more_o instance_n of_o his_o foul_a gloss_n insert_v into_o the_o text_n such_o as_o translate_n veritas_fw-la the_o visible_a and_o sensible_a truth_n or_o with_o all_o its_o dimension_n proprium_fw-la corpus_fw-la christi_fw-la the_o proper_a body_n of_o christ_n together_o with_o its_o natural_a property_n etc._n etc._n but_o i_o be_o weary_a of_o trace_v he_o in_o these_o byway_n and_o shall_v i_o follow_v he_o further_o my_o trouble_n will_v be_v endless_a almost_o every_o paragraph_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o book_n be_v thus_o corrupt_v i_o shall_v therefore_o give_v but_o a_o example_n or_o two_o of_o his_o bold_a variation_n from_o the_o author_n word_n as_o well_o as_o sense_n n._n fourteen_o quaerendum_fw-la ergo_fw-la est_fw-la ab_fw-la eye_v qui_fw-la nihil_fw-la hic_fw-la figurate_a volunt_fw-la accipere_fw-la sed_fw-la totum_fw-la in_o veritatis_fw-la simplicitate_fw-la consistere_fw-la etc._n consistere_fw-la il_fw-fr faut_fw-fr donc_fw-fr demander_n comment_n ce_fw-fr changement_n soit_fw-fr fait_fw-fr de_fw-fr sort_n que_fw-fr les_fw-fr choses_fw-fr qui_fw-fr etoient_fw-fr auparavant_fw-fr ne_fw-fr soient_fw-fr plus_fw-fr c'est_fw-fr a_o dire_a que_fw-fr le_fw-fr pain_n &_o le_fw-fr vin_fw-fr qui_fw-fr etoient_fw-fr auparavant_fw-fr ne_fw-fr soient_fw-fr plus_fw-fr mais_fw-fr etc._n etc._n secundum_fw-la quod_fw-la demutatio_fw-la facta_fw-la sit_fw-la ut_fw-la jam_fw-la non_fw-la sint_fw-la quod_fw-la ante_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la videlicet_fw-la panis_n atque_fw-la vinum_fw-la sed_fw-la sint_fw-la corpus_fw-la atque_fw-la sanguis_fw-la christi_fw-la it_o must_v be_v demand_v of_o those_o who_o pretend_v that_o there_o be_v no_o figure_n and_o who_o maintain_v that_o all_o be_v there_o speak_v in_o the_o pure_a and_o simple_a verity_n how_o this_o change_n be_v make_v so_o that_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v before_o be_v no_o long_o that_o be_v the_o bread_n and_o wine_n which_o be_v or_o do_v exist_v before_o be_v or_o do_v exist_v no_o long_o but_o be_v become_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o j._n christ_n all_o that_o the_o author_n intend_v to_o say_v be_v no_o more_o than_o this_o that_o after_o consecration_n the_o element_n be_v not_o what_o they_o be_v before_o it_o but_o somewhat_o more_o excellent_a than_o common_a bread_n and_o wine_n viz._n the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n he_o never_o intend_v to_o deny_v the_o existence_n of_o the_o element_n as_o this_o version_n make_v he_o to_o do_v the_o word_n be_v plain_a and_o intelligible_a but_o mr._n boileau_n by_o some_o unknown_a rule_n of_o construction_n invert_v their_o natural_a order_n and_o join_v a_o nominative_a singular_a to_o a_o verb_n plural_a and_o then_o by_o a_o sort_n of_o logic_n as_o peculiar_a to_o himself_o make_v the_o predicate_v the_o subject_a of_o his_o proposition_n so_o render_v the_o passage_n as_o by_o a_o sunt_fw-la a_o a_o dicto_fw-la secundum_fw-la quid_fw-la ad_fw-la dictum_fw-la simpliciter_fw-la vel_fw-la ab_fw-la est_fw-la tertii_fw-la adjecti_fw-la ad_fw-la est_fw-la secundi_fw-la adjecti_fw-la in_o propositione_n negativa_fw-la quales_fw-la consequentiae_fw-la non_fw-la necessario_fw-la valent_fw-la &_o non_fw-la raro_fw-la falsissimae_fw-la sunt_fw-la notorious_a fallacy_n to_o make_v the_o author_n deny_v the_o existence_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n immediate_o after_o he_o have_v be_v prove_v it_o and_o against_o the_o scope_n of_o his_o discourse_n in_o this_o place_n for_o ratram_n thus_o argue_v against_o his_o adversary_n either_o consecration_n make_v a_o figurative_a change_n of_o the_o element_n or_o else_o it_o make_v no_o change_n the_o absurdity_n of_o say_v the_o latter_a be_v this_o that_o then_o the_o consecrate_a element_n be_v not_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n which_o to_o say_v be_v impious_a and_o to_o make_v good_a his_o consequence_n he_o remind_v they_o of_o what_o he_o have_v large_o prove_v just_o before_o that_o the_o element_n as_o to_o their_o species_n or_o nature_n have_v undergo_v no_o change_n there_o be_v no_o substance_n produce_v anew_o none_o corrupt_v nor_o yet_o so_o much_o as_o alter_v in_o its_o natural_a quality_n by_o consecration_n and_o therefore_o no_o physical_a change_n make_v thereby_o but_o mr._n boileau_n be_v resolve_v in_o defiance_n both_o of_o priscian_n and_o aristotle_n to_o make_v poor_a ratram_n say_v what_o he_o please_v i_o hope_v it_o may_v be_v deny_v of_o the_o water_n in_o baptism_n or_o the_o chrism_n or_o a_o church_n after_o consecration_n that_o they_o be_v what_o they_o be_v before_o that_o be_v common_a