life_n if_o nothing_o be_v sensitive_a good_a but_o that_o alone_a which_o be_v report_v by_o the_o sense_n to_o be_v proper_a to_o preserve_v life_n than_o it_o must_v be_v absurd_a to_o destroy_v life_n upon_o the_o pretence_n of_o either_o of_o these_o good_n and_o to_o do_v so_o must_v be_v evil_a both_o as_o to_o moral_a evil_n and_o sensitive_a also_o and_o therefore_o high_o against_o nature_n to_o this_o let_v i_o add_v that_o the_o only_a reason_n why_o any_o thing_n be_v natural_o evil_a to_o the_o body_n be_v as_o it_o contribute_v to_o the_o separation_n of_o it_o from_o the_o soul_n which_o be_v do_v positive_o and_o violent_o by_o self-murder_n nature_n be_v the_o course_n the_o order_n which_o god_n put_v the_o creature_n to_o move_v in_o to_o break_v off_o that_o course_n violent_o must_v certain_o be_v against_o nature_n and_o what_o be_v so_o can_v be_v lawful_a but_o here_o again_o it_o may_v probable_o be_v obâ—…ted_v that_o if_o the_o end_n of_o humane_a life_n as_o â—…t_n have_v be_v assign_v by_o i_o be_v the_o follow_v of_o 〈◊〉_d by_o virtueâ—…_n who_o reason_n must_v this_o be_v must_v not_o every_o man_n be_v guide_v by_o his_o own_o reason_n and_o consequent_o will_v not_o his_o virtue_n consist_v in_o follow_v that_o which_o seem_v good_a to_o he_o and_o avoid_v that_o which_o seem_v evil_a to_o he_o this_o bring_v i_o to_o consider_v last_o the_o unreasonableness_n of_o every_o man_n be_v be_v leave_v to_o himself_o to_o follow_v that_o which_o seem_v good_a or_o euâ—…l_a to_o he_o and_o to_o dispose_v of_o life_n according_o there_o must_v be_v a_o certain_a end_n or_o design_n for_o which_o life_n be_v give_v as_o the_o rule_n of_o humane_a action_n otherwise_o the_o world_n will_v be_v in_o confusion_n the_o several_a thing_n which_o the_o wise_a man_n of_o old_a have_v offer_v as_o this_o end_n of_o life_n i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o comprehend_v under_o these_o word_n the_o follow_v reason_n by_o virtve_n i_o hope_v it_o will_v not_o be_v expect_v that_o i_o shall_v weigh_v out_o how_o much_o reason_n to_o a_o scruple_n will_v serve_v to_o this_o purpose_n because_o all_o man_n ready_o assent_v to_o such_o principle_n as_o these_o as_o self-evident_a that_o no_o wrong_a or_o injury_n ought_v to_o be_v do_v that_o a_o man_n have_v no_o right_a to_o destroy_v what_o be_v not_o he_o especial_o if_o it_o be_v allow_v he_o only_o for_o his_o advantage_n and_o improvement_n that_o whatever_o destroy_v humane_a society_n be_v to_o be_v avoid_v that_o whatever_o contribute_v to_o the_o preserve_n and_o improve_n of_o the_o faculty_n which_o be_v peculiar_a to_o man_n above_o other_o creature_n aught_o to_o be_v embrace_v these_o principle_n i_o suppose_v be_v plain_a to_o every_o rational_a creature_n and_o allow_v fit_a to_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o virtue_n of_o justice_n temperance_n etc._n etc._n or_o shall_v any_o man_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v ignorant_a of_o any_o of_o they_o in_o lapland_n or_o new_a holland_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o danger_n of_o this_o in_o civilise_a country_n especial_o this_o wherein_n we_o live_v nor_o be_v they_o deny_v by_o such_o as_o be_v chief_o against_o we_o in_o this_o argument_n but_o acknowledge_v and_o maintain_v by_o they_o and_o point_v out_o and_o require_v to_o be_v observe_v by_o humane_a law_n wherefore_o if_o there_o can_v be_v no_o ignorance_n as_o to_o these_o fundamental_a principle_n and_o if_o there_o can_v be_v no_o want_n of_o power_n to_o observe_v and_o practice_v they_o to_o what_o purpose_n be_v it_o to_o plead_v for_o particular_a reason_n and_o for_o the_o privilege_n of_o judge_v for_o one_o self_n a_o man_n can_v do_v so_o safe_o without_o some_o rule_n and_o that_o rule_n must_v be_v universal_a public_a reason_n and_o unless_o every_o private_a man_n reason_n be_v square_v according_o it_o can_v never_o be_v right_a but_o if_o it_o be_v square_v according_o than_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v contend_v for_o as_o private_a reason_n as_o man_n be_v oblige_v to_o follow_v that_o nature_n which_o be_v common_a to_o he_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n so_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o follow_v that_o reason_n which_o be_v so_o too_o i_o mean_v as_o to_o the_o fundamental_a rule_n of_o humane_a action_n he_o may_v make_v use_n of_o his_o own_o reason_n perhaps_o in_o find_v out_o mean_n to_o observe_v these_o rule_n to_o observe_v they_o i_o say_v not_o to_o break_v they_o one_o of_o the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v the_o preserve_n of_o life_n as_o in_o all_o well_o form_v government_n one_o law_n extend_v to_o all_o for_o the_o common_a good_a so_o be_v it_o in_o the_o government_n of_o the_o world_n which_o be_v order_v by_o infinite_a wisdom_n and_o therefore_o it_o will_v be_v as_o absurd_a to_o plead_v for_o particular_a reason_n as_o a_o privilege_n to_o act_v against_o natural_a principle_n as_o it_o will_v be_v to_o desire_v it_o as_o a_o privilege_n to_o act_v against_o just_a humane_a law_n reason_n when_o loud_o boast_v and_o zealous_o contend_v for_o by_o particular_a man_n against_o any_o ancient_n and_o establish_v rule_n shall_v always_o be_v suspect_v it_o show_v some_o uneasiness_n under_o that_o rule_n which_o if_o inquire_v into_o and_o examine_v with_o the_o person_n concern_v will_v be_v find_v to_o be_v against_o some_o particular_a interest_n or_o inclination_n which_o have_v get_v the_o ascendant_n â—…ver_v he_o in_o these_o case_n when_o every_o man_n talk_v of_o reason_n he_o mean_v his_o own_o his_o own_o sorry_a share_n and_o that_o too_o perhaps_o very_a much_o vitiate_a and_o corrupt_v thus_o you_o shall_v see_v reason_n of_o all_o complexion_n melancholy_a phlegmatic_a and_o sanguine_a reason_n for_o when_o this_o be_v once_o enslave_v by_o any_o appetite_n or_o passion_n it_o take_v the_o colour_n of_o it_o and_o then_o whatever_o be_v the_o object_n of_o each_o man_n desire_n whatsoever_o be_v his_o particular_a method_n of_o compass_v it_o or_o measure_n of_o enjoy_v it_o be_v call_v reason_n thus_o this_o godlike_a faculty_n be_v make_v frequent_o the_o pretence_n of_o the_o great_a absurdity_n in_o our_o action_n as_o well_o as_o discourse_n and_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o people_n always_o plead_v it_o most_o that_o most_o offend_v it_o pretend_v the_o most_o faithful_a duty_n to_o this_o sovereign_a power_n and_o yet_o all_o the_o while_n impudent_o war_a against_o it_o in_o its_o own_o name_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o seem_a good_a and_o seem_a evil_n be_v make_v to_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o humane_a action_n and_o the_o follow_v of_o they_o the_o end_v of_o humane_a life_n the_o measure_n of_o its_o be_v good_a or_o evil_a and_o preserve_v or_o destroy_v according_o whereas_o to_o act_v according_a to_o seem_v good_a or_o seem_a evil_a can_v never_o be_v allow_v but_o in_o the_o case_n of_o sudden_a or_o extreme_a necessity_n or_o panic_n fear_v when_o the_o soul_n have_v not_o the_o power_n or_o leasure_n to_o bring_v its_o action_n or_o resolution_n to_o the_o rule_n of_o right_a reason_n or_o to_o examine_v what_o be_v real_o good_a or_o real_o evil_a and_o then_o we_o ought_v to_o observe_v that_o this_o be_v allow_v but_o upon_o one_o account_n neither_o and_o that_o be_v the_o preserve_n of_o life_n and_o therefore_o be_v a_o very_a strange_a argument_n for_o the_o destroy_a of_o it_o but_o after_o all_o that_o can_v be_v say_v seem_v good_a and_o seem_a evil_n be_v sloat_v and_o uncertain_a thing_n and_o therefore_o can_v never_o be_v the_o rule_n or_o end_v of_o live_v because_o as_o they_o can_v be_v no_o certain_a measure_n themselves_o so_o they_o must_v destroy_v it_o as_o to_o all_o other_o thing_n for_o to_o suppose_v this_o be_v not_o only_o to_o let_v a_o man_n loose_a to_o any_o object_n that_o he_o please_v but_o also_o to_o hinder_v his_o obtain_n of_o any_o one_o while_o a_o new_a seem_a good_a may_v be_v start_v continual_o and_o so_o a_o warm_a head_n shall_v be_v sure_a never_o to_o want_v game_n and_o life_n thus_o employ_v will_v be_v give_v to_o a_o very_a extraordinary_a end_n indeed_o especial_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o the_o event_n of_o this_o must_v prove_v not_o only_o fatal_a to_o a_o man_n self_n but_o may_v do_v so_o by_o degree_n to_o all_o that_o be_v near_o he_o nay_o must_v do_v so_o to_o all_o mankind_n for_o if_o seem_v good_a be_v sufficient_a to_o justify_v our_o action_n what_o crime_n can_v ever_o be_v just_o lay_v to_o any_o man_n charge_n as_o there_o be_v no_o error_n that_o please_v under_o the_o notion_n of_o falsehood_n so_o there_o be_v no_o wickedness_n that_o prevail_v upon_o the_o mind_n as_o it_o appear_v evil_a but_o as_o there_o be_v seem_a truth_n in_o the_o one_o so_o there_o must_v
wrong_n how_o can_v his_o death_n ever_o have_v be_v so_o much_o applaud_v if_o not_o reasonable_a and_o lawful_a the_o true_a cause_n of_o this_o great_a applause_n be_v 1._o that_o he_o be_v a_o man_n real_o of_o the_o great_a probity_n honour_n integrity_n courage_n the_o true_a lover_n of_o his_o country_n that_o can_v be_v find_v in_o any_o history_n that_o the_o fault_n of_o his_o life_n be_v few_o and_o the_o excellency_n bright_a than_o any_o other_o example_n can_v afford_v 2._o that_o upon_o this_o account_n the_o character_n of_o the_o other_o cato_n which_o be_v very_o great_a sink_v into_o he_o and_o in_o after_o age_n what_o be_v say_v of_o the_o former_a be_v attribute_v to_o the_o latter_a 3._o that_o as_o to_o his_o death_n there_o be_v some_o action_n which_o become_v famous_a not_o for_o their_o be_v reasonable_a but_o for_o their_o happen_v at_o a_o particular_a time_n cato_n kill_v himself_o just_a upon_o the_o alteration_n of_o the_o roman_a government_n he_o die_v with_o the_o roman_a liberty_n most_o certain_o whether_o he_o die_v for_o it_o or_o no_o and_o the_o more_o that_o liberty_n be_v miss_v the_o more_o be_v his_o death_n applaud_v the_o two_o great_a revolution_n of_o the_o roman_a state_n the_o birth_n and_o death_n of_o that_o glorious_a republic_n be_v attend_v by_o the_o self-murder_n of_o two_o most_o virtuous_a person_n which_o be_v celebrate_v with_o so_o many_o encomium_n have_v deceive_v many_o people_n but_o the_o virtue_n of_o their_o life_n conceal_v the_o error_n of_o their_o death_n and_o the_o public_a be_v so_o far_o concern_v in_o they_o run_v away_o with_o their_o applause_n which_o posterity_n have_v receive_v from_o age_n to_o age_n without_o much_o examination_n from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v i_o hope_v it_o do_v appear_v that_o as_o no_o example_n of_o self-murder_n ought_v to_o sway_v with_o we_o either_o upon_o account_n of_o the_o roman_n practice_n or_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o stoic_n so_o this_o of_o cato_n in_o particular_a ought_v not_o to_o be_v of_o any_o authority_n in_o this_o case_n chap._n xii_o concern_v courage_n what_o the_o nature_n proper_a object_n and_o use_v of_o it_o be_v the_o mistake_v concern_v it_o and_o the_o occasion_n of_o they_o that_o self-murder_n be_v not_o the_o natural_a effect_n of_o true_a courage_n other_o pretence_n there_o be_v for_o self-murder_n which_o be_v ground_v upon_o mistake_a notion_n of_o courage_n honour_n and_o liberty_n the_o first_o of_o which_o be_v courage_n in_o so_o warlike_a a_o age_n and_o nation_n as_o this_o be_v it_o may_v perhaps_o be_v take_v amiss_o for_o any_o one_o to_o inquire_v what_o courage_n be_v but_o that_o they_o who_o abound_v most_o in_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v commendable_a always_o bear_v the_o examination_n of_o it_o best_o here_o we_o meet_v with_o our_o author_n again_o who_o be_v more_o lofty_a than_o usual_a upon_o this_o occasion_n 〈◊〉_d occasion_n donne_fw-fr pag._n 〈◊〉_d when_o i_o frame_v to_o myself_o say_v he_o a_o martyrology_n of_o all_o which_o have_v perish_v by_o their_o own_o mean_n for_o religion_n country_n fame_n love_n ease_n fear_v shame_n i_o blush_v to_o see_v how_o â—…aked_a of_o follower_n all_o virtue_n be_v in_o respect_n of_o this_o fortilude_n etc._n etc._n the_o 〈◊〉_d as_o he_o call_v it_o follow_v consist_v chief_o of_o thief_n minion_n gladiator_n as_o to_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o fortitude_n which_o he_o mention_n here_o to_o omit_v at_o present_a what_o relate_v to_o religion_n what_o concern_v die_v for_o one_o country_n have_v 8._o have_v chap._n 8._o be_v speak_v to_o at_o large_a the_o motive_n of_o fame_n shall_v be_v consider_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n as_o also_o that_o of_o shame_n but_o how_o the_o kill_n of_o one_o self_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o ease_n love_n nay_o fear_v too_o shall_v be_v instance_n of_o fortitude_n be_v very_o strange_a by_o fortitude_n here_o i_o suppose_v mean_v the_o same_o with_o what_o be_v call_v courage_n this_o be_v general_o look_v upon_o as_o a_o great_a virtue_n and_o self-murder_n believe_v to_o be_v a_o effect_n of_o it_o it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o make_v a_o particular_a enquiry_n into_o it_o not_o only_o for_o the_o clear_n of_o this_o mistake_n but_o several_a other_o rise_v from_o the_o same_o root_n 1._o let_v we_o see_v what_o be_v the_o nature_n object_n and_o use_n of_o courage_n particular_o as_o rational_a and_o humane_a 2._o what_o the_o mistake_v be_v concern_v it_o and_o what_o be_v probable_o the_o cause_n of_o they_o and_o this_o be_v do_v i_o shall_v show_v 3._o that_o self-murder_n be_v not_o the_o effect_n of_o true_a courage_n 1._o as_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o it_o courage_n be_v only_o the_o effect_n of_o a_o active_a and_o vigorous_a heat_n in_o the_o heart_n as_o its_o name_n import_v in_o many_o modern_a language_n which_o heat_n send_v forth_o many_o brisk_a and_o lively_a spirit_n which_o diffuse_v themselves_o through_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o prompt_v it_o to_o action_n so_o that_o this_o be_v common_a to_o other_o creature_n as_o well_o as_o man_n and_o therefore_o not_o any_o virtue_n natural_o the_o virtue_n of_o it_o depend_v upon_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o object_n and_o proper_a use_n of_o it_o 2._o as_o to_o the_o object_n all_o object_n work_v upon_o creature_n which_o have_v life_n either_o under_o the_o notion_n of_o good_a or_o under_o the_o notion_n of_o evil_n as_o to_o thing_n indifferent_a our_o passion_n be_v not_o concern_v about_o they_o as_o to_o what_o be_v or_o seem_v good_a if_o this_o be_v easy_a to_o be_v obtain_v the_o very_a appearance_n of_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v the_o soul_n reach_v after_o it_o without_o any_o occasion_n for_o courage_n and_o if_o we_o can_v imagine_v a_o man_n to_o be_v whole_o at_o ease_n to_o abound_v in_o all_o thing_n he_o can_v wish_v for_o and_o to_o be_v secure_a in_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o they_o such_o a_o one_o will_v have_v no_o need_n of_o courage_n and_o therefore_o it_o will_v languish_v and_o die_v away_o by_o degree_n but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o any_o thing_n present_v itself_o as_o a_o obstacle_n in_o the_o way_n to_o that_o which_o we_o take_v to_o be_v good_a or_o if_o any_o thing_n which_o we_o take_v to_o be_v evil_a threaten_v we_o with_o danger_n than_o the_o soul_n look_v out_o and_o view_v the_o enemy_n and_o according_a as_o it_o find_v its_o strength_n prepare_v to_o attack_v or_o resist_v it_o from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o proper_a object_n of_o courage_n be_v evil._n thus_o a_o modern_a author_n 6._o author_n hobb_n leviath_n p._n 1._o chap_n 6._o fear_n be_v the_o opinion_n of_o hurt_n from_o the_o object_n courage_n be_v the_o hope_n of_o avoid_v that_o hurt_a by_o resistance_n or_o as_o another_o â—_o another_o de_fw-fr la_fw-fr chamb._n char._n des_fw-fr â—_z vol._n 2._o cap._n â—_o courage_n be_v a_o power_n of_o the_o soul_n which_o employ_v the_o force_n of_o the_o mind_n to_o overcome_v evil_n or_o to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o '_o they_o from_o whence_o we_o also_o come_v to_o a_o knowledge_n of_o 3._o the_o proper_a use_n of_o courage_n namely_o to_o attack_v or_o resist_v what_o be_v evil._n what_o have_v be_v say_v hiâ—…herto_o may_v belong_v to_o beast_n as_o well_o as_o man_n the_o proper_a use_n of_o courage_n as_o belong_v to_o man_n consist_v in_o the_o promote_a that_o end_n for_o which_o he_o receive_v life_n the_o use_n of_o courage_n in_o beast_n be_v to_o preserve_v life_n but_o since_o liâ—e_z be_v give_v man_n to_o a_o more_o excellent_a end_n as_o have_v be_v show_v whatever_o spring_v there_o be_v in_o humane_a nature_n of_o which_o courage_n be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a must_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v intend_v as_o subservient_fw-fr to_o this_o end_n and_o therefore_o the_o justness_n and_o regularity_n of_o their_o motion_n must_v be_v measure_v by_o it_o according_o first_o then_o humane_a courage_n ought_v to_o be_v inform_v true_o concern_v its_o object_n to_o have_v a_o right_n and_o certain_a knowledge_n of_o its_o be_v evil_a which_o reason_n will_v quick_o discover_v second_o it_o ought_v to_o attack_v or_o resist_v that_o evil_a in_o such_o 〈◊〉_d manner_n limit_v and_o direct_v by_o such_o virtue_n as_o may_v hinder_v it_o from_o interfere_v with_o any_o part_n of_o our_o duty_n towards_o god_n our_o neighbour_n or_o ourselves_o this_o make_v courage_n to_o be_v found_v upon_o justice_n and_o direct_v by_o it_o otherwise_o it_o will_v be_v evil_a itself_o it_o have_v be_v say_v already_o that_o courage_n be_v twofold_a either_o such_o as_o attack_n or_o such_o as_o resist_v evil._n let_v we_o bring_v both_o of_o they_o to_o these_o rule_n 1._o as_o to_o that_o part_n of_o courage_n which_o
though_o never_o so_o remarkable_a for_o courage_n that_o ever_o destroy_v itself_o this_o will_v appear_v more_o plain_a if_o we_o consider_v 2._o the_o proper_a object_n of_o courage_n which_o be_v evil_a i_o will_v not_o stay_v to_o show_v here_o how_o often_o evil_n be_v false_o represent_v and_o magnisied_a or_o how_o many_o way_n it_o be_v mistake_v but_o suppose_v that_o to_o be_v real_o evil_a which_o man_n take_v to_o be_v so_o yet_o in_o the_o case_n of_o self-murder_n the_o soul_n instead_o of_o attacking_z or_o resist_v what_o it_o take_v to_o be_v evil_a fly_v away_o from_o it_o and_o therefore_o this_o act_n be_v no_o more_o a_o argument_n of_o true_a courage_n than_o the_o rush_n into_o a_o torrent_n the_o leap_v down_o a_o pit_n or_o precipice_n in_o a_o panic_n fright_v be_v so_o if_o courage_n be_v the_o attacking_z or_o resistance_n of_o evil_a as_o have_v be_v show_v than_o death_n must_v be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o evil_a before_o any_o man_n can_v be_v suppose_v to_o show_v his_o courage_n by_o kill_v himself_o for_o where_o there_o be_v no_o evil_a there_o can_v be_v no_o occasion_n for_o courage_n death_n can_v never_o be_v a_o evil_a but_o when_o life_n be_v casie_a and_o happy_a and_o look_v upon_o as_o a_o great_a good_a this_o make_v it_o so_o honourable_a for_o people_n of_o quality_n who_o abound_v in_o wealth_n and_o power_n and_o all_o such_o thing_n as_o make_v life_n desirable_a to_o hazard_v they_o for_o the_o public_a but_o to_o they_o that_o kill_v themselves_o life_n can_v seem_v good_a but_o evil_n and_o when_o life_n become_v a_o evil_a through_o great_a pain_n poverty_n disgrace_n etc._n etc._n then_o death_n must_v be_v look_v upon_o as_o good_a proportionable_o and_o if_o so_o there_o can_v be_v no_o courage_n in_o run_v to_o it_o but_o on_o the_o contrary_a it_o be_v the_o part_n of_o a_o brave_a man_n when_o life_n become_v a_o evil_a to_o he_o not_o to_o fly_v to_o death_n but_o to_o turn_v head_n and_o engage_v with_o the_o misfortune_n of_o life_n for_o here_o lie_v the_o enemy_n as_o caesar_n tell_v his_o frighted_a soldier_n a_o unhappy_a life_n be_v the_o field_n for_o true_a courage_n and_o magnanimity_n whereas_o the_o kill_n of_o one_o self_n be_v plain_o to_o decline_v the_o combat_n to_o convey_v one_o self_n away_o out_o of_o the_o reach_n of_o the_o eneny_n to_o pass_v from_o a_o state_n of_o misery_n into_o a_o state_n of_o ease_n or_o indolency_n at_o least_o as_o they_o suppose_v and_o this_o sure_a can_v be_v no_o great_a argument_n of_o courage_n that_o which_o be_v most_o apt_a to_o deceive_v people_n upon_o this_o account_n be_v the_o notion_n which_o the_o world_n general_o have_v of_o death_n as_o the_o great_a of_o all_o evil_n that_o it_o take_v we_o through_o a_o thousand_o pain_n and_o torture_n from_o our_o friend_n and_o relation_n our_o project_n and_o possession_n and_o all_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o the_o world_n all_o which_o terror_n be_v increase_v by_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o death_n of_o some_o dear_a friend_n or_o near_a relation_n for_o then_o humane_a nature_n start_v and_o tremble_v at_o the_o ghastly_a look_n and_o convulsion_n of_o expiration_n these_o be_v the_o thing_n which_o make_v people_n grow_v up_o in_o a_o detestation_n of_o death_n and_o this_o be_v still_o augment_v the_o more_o happy_a they_o be_v in_o their_o outward_a circumstance_n wherefore_o they_o who_o kill_v themselves_o may_v seem_v indeed_o to_o such_o people_n to_o have_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o courage_n because_o these_o run_v voluntary_o into_o that_o which_o they_o abhor_v as_o the_o worst_a of_o evil_n whereas_o the_o notion_n of_o life_n and_o death_n be_v quite_o contrary_a in_o such_o unfortunate_a creature_n it_o be_v some_o pain_n some_o discontent_n that_o drive_v they_o to_o this_o violence_n upon_o account_n of_o which_o death_n as_o i_o say_v before_o become_v the_o good_a and_o life_n the_o evil_a therefore_o as_o it_o will_v be_v true_a courage_n in_o health_n or_o prosperity_n to_o suffer_v death_n rather_o than_o commit_v a_o crime_n so_o in_o sickness_n or_o any_o adversity_n it_o will_v be_v the_o same_o to_o undergo_v life_n rather_o than_o be_v guilty_a of_o self-murder_n for_o he_o who_o part_n with_o life_n because_o he_o think_v himself_o unhappy_a part_n with_o nothing_o but_o what_o he_o be_v grieve_v withal_o he_o only_o lay_v down_o his_o burden_n quit_v his_o virtue_n his_o arm_n for_o fear_v of_o the_o enemy_n and_o where_o can_v be_v the_o courage_n of_o this_o even_o sardinapalus_n and_o nero_n can_v desert_n their_o station_n in_o this_o manner_n and_o why_o not_o with_o as_o much_o bravery_n as_o any_o other_o can_v pretend_v to_o in_o a_o word_n when_o the_o heart_n give_v way_n to_o evil_n and_o assliction_n when_o hope_n be_v go_v and_o despair_v enter_v man_n may_v make_v themselves_o away_o out_o of_o tenderness_n and_o softness_n there_o be_v little_a or_o no_o pain_n to_o be_v selt_z in_o voluntary_a death_n especial_o if_o man_n will_v take_v but_o as_o much_o care_n as_o brutus_n do_v to_o place_v the_o weapon_n right_a or_o as_o the_o emperor_n adrian_n to_o have_v the_o mortal_a place_n mark_v out_o exact_o what_o shall_v we_o say_v then_o that_o all_o man_n be_v coward_n that_o kill_v themselves_o no_o but_o that_o this_o particular_a act_n have_v natural_o more_o of_o cowardice_n than_o courage_n in_o it_o and_o be_v in_o those_o who_o have_v signalise_v their_o courage_n a_o act_n of_o revenge_n or_o indignation_n and_o therefore_o though_o some_o man_n of_o courage_n have_v kill_v themselves_o yet_o since_o the_o nature_n of_o courage_n consist_v in_o resist_v evil_a and_o self-murder_n be_v the_o fly_v from_o evil_n since_o many_o woman_n and_o slave_n many_o effeminate_a man_n and_o notorious_a coward_n many_o for_o ease_n or_o fear_v as_o our_o author_n himself_o confess_v have_v kill_v themselves_o self-murder_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o the_o natural_a effect_n of_o courage_n to_o confirm_v what_o have_v be_v say_v i_o shall_v call_v several_a person_n of_o unquestionable_a authority_n the_o character_n of_o hercules_n be_v certain_o perfect_a as_o to_o courage_n and_o yet_o euripides_n represent_v he_o in_o the_o great_a affliction_n that_o ever_o man_n can_v suffer_v through_o his_o own_o fault_n his_o wife_n and_o child_n lie_v murder_v round_o he_o by_o his_o own_o hand_n in_o his_o madness_n at_o first_o he_o have_v thought_n of_o kill_v himself_o but_o immediate_o he_o check_v himself_o with_o the_o consideration_n 4._o consideration_n eurip._n hercul_fw-la furens_fw-la act._n 4._o that_o he_o will_v not_o have_v his_o courage_n question_v by_o do_v so_o that_o whoever_o can_v bear_v great_a calamity_n will_v not_o dare_v to_o meet_v his_o enemy_n in_o the_o field_n wherefore_o he_o resolve_v to_o expect_v his_o death_n bold_o and_o not_o to_o force_v it_o upon_o himself_o 8._o himself_o apollon_n rhodius_n nicom_n lib_n 3._o cap._n 8._o another_o tell_v we_o that_o to_o die_v wilful_o for_o poverty_n love_n or_o any_o grievance_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v any_o sign_n of_o courage_n that_o it_o be_v mere_a cowardice_n for_o to_o avoid_v what_o be_v grievous_a be_v nothing_o but_o softness_n and_o esseminacy_n for_o no_o body_n choose_v such_o a_o death_n because_o it_o be_v honourable_a but_o because_o it_o free_v he_o from_o a_o evil_n which_o he_o can_v bear_v and_o to_o be_v so_o affect_v be_v cowardice_n 11._o cowardice_n quintus_fw-la curtius_n lib._n 5._o sect._n 11._o it_o be_v the_o part_n of_o a_o brave_a man_n rather_o to_o despise_v death_n than_o hate_v life_n coward_n often_o undervalue_v their_o be_v only_o to_o avoid_v what_o be_v troublesome_a but_o true_a courage_n try_v all_o thing_n jud._n thing_n see_v â—…rot_n de_fw-fr j._n b._n &_o p._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 19_o sect_n 5._o beside_o these_o see_v josephus_n speech_n lib._n 3._o de_fw-fr bell._n jud._n let_v i_o add_v one_o more_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a nor_o become_v a_o man_n of_o courage_n to_o bend_v under_o his_o destiny_n and_o not_o embrace_v whatever_o happen_v undaunted_o but_o run_v poor_o away_o from_o it_o this_o be_v the_o great_a brutus_n who_o thus_o condemn_v cato_n death_n when_o cool_a and_o deliberate_a and_o before_o he_o doubt_v whether_o virtue_n be_v any_o thing_n but_o a_o airy_a name_n 7._o name_n sen._n theb._n act_n 1._o sect._n 1_o non_fw-fr est_fw-fr ut_fw-la putas_fw-la virtus_fw-la pater_fw-la timere_fw-la vitam_fw-la sed_fw-la malis_fw-la ingentibus_fw-la obstare_fw-la nec_fw-la se_fw-la vertere_fw-la &_o retro_n dare_v multos_fw-la in_o summa_fw-la pericula_fw-la misit_fw-la venturi_n timor_fw-la ipse_fw-la mali_fw-la fortislimus_fw-la ille_fw-la est_fw-la qui_fw-la promptus_fw-la metuenda_fw-la pati_fw-la si_fw-la cominus_fw-la instent_fw-la et_fw-la differe_fw-la potest_fw-la lucan_n lib._n 7
to_o punish_v nay_o if_o we_o consider_v he_o as_o a_o member_n of_o civil_a society_n humane_a law_n can_v always_o reach_v that_o which_o be_v natural_o evil_a for_o not_o to_o insist_v upon_o the_o many_o design_n and_o contrivance_n of_o lust_n envy_n or_o revenge_n before_o they_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n how_o many_o evade_v punishment_n after_o they_o have_v be_v execute_v be_v that_o very_o insolent_o by_o interest_n or_o authority_n a_o powerful_a offender_n or_o corrupt_a magistrate_n may_v make_v the_o threat_n of_o positive_a law_n how_o just_a or_o how_o severe_a soever_o to_o signify_v nothing_o wherefore_o either_o there_o must_v be_v no_o end_n at_o all_o of_o humane_a life_n or_o there_o must_v be_v no_o such_o rule_n or_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o obtain_n of_o this_o end_n or_o these_o must_v be_v without_o any_o sanction_n or_o that_o sanction_n must_v be_v to_o no_o purpose_n or_o else_o there_o must_v be_v another_o state_n wherein_o those_o who_o transgress_v such_o law_n now_o without_o any_o punishment_n shall_v receive_v what_o be_v their_o due_n hereafter_o 2._o the_o different_a event_n which_o befall_v those_o person_n which_o pursue_v or_o forsake_v the_o end_n for_o which_o humane_a life_n be_v give_v show_v also_o that_o if_o we_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v a_o god_n there_o must_v be_v a_o future_a state_n they_o who_o be_v least_o careful_a to_o pursue_v the_o true_a end_n of_o life_n or_o rather_o who_o most_o industrious_o forsake_v it_o be_v often_o most_o happy_a as_o to_o all_o appearance_n and_o grow_v great_a and_o wealthy_a and_o live_v in_o peace_n and_o honour_n on_o the_o other_o side_n they_o who_o pursue_v this_o end_n most_o faithful_o be_v expose_v to_o great_a suffering_n their_o virtue_n be_v often_o to_o their_o disadvantage_n their_o humility_n patience_n and_o generosity_n encourage_v insolent_a and_o violent_a man_n to_o injure_v and_o oppress_v they_o and_o their_o constancy_n and_o integrity_n bring_v they_o some_o time_n to_o barbarous_a and_o bloody_a death_n so_o that_o man_n indispensible_a duty_n and_o his_o happiness_n as_o to_o this_o world_n be_v often_o inconsistent_a and_o therefore_o we_o must_v conclude_v either_o that_o god_n be_v unjust_a or_o unwise_a in_o propose_v such_o a_o end_n of_o man_n be_v as_o may_v make_v it_o miserable_a nay_o as_o may_v prove_v the_o destruction_n of_o it_o or_o else_o that_o there_o must_v be_v another_o state_n wherein_o those_o who_o pursue_v or_o forsake_v this_o end_n most_o shall_v be_v reward_v or_o punish_v more_o equal_o 3._o man_n be_v capable_a of_o do_v so_o much_o good_a by_o the_o pursue_n of_o this_o end_n that_o he_o can_v receive_v a_o adequate_a reward_n in_o this_o life_n and_o be_v capable_a of_o do_v so_o much_o evil_n by_o act_v against_o it_o that_o he_o can_v be_v make_v to_o suffer_v a_o adequate_a punishment_n and_o therefore_o there_o must_v be_v another_o state_n for_o both_o these_o purpose_n as_o to_o the_o first_o a_o man_n may_v make_v so_o great_a a_o progress_n in_o knowledge_n and_o virtue_n and_o be_v so_o very_o good_a himself_o that_o by_o his_o example_n and_o instruction_n especial_o if_o he_o have_v interest_n and_o power_n in_o the_o world_n he_o may_v retrieve_v many_o from_o ignorance_n and_o vice_n he_o may_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o such_o good_a law_n or_o of_o make_v such_o provision_n for_o the_o unhappy_a as_o may_v extend_v to_o future_a age_n what_o a_o blessing_n be_v a_o wise_a and_o good_a prince_n that_o faithful_o employ_v his_o time_n and_o his_o power_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o his_o subject_n now_o what_o reward_n can_v this_o world_n afford_v that_o can_v be_v any_o way_n proportionable_a to_o such_o a_o person_n virtue_n especial_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o the_o more_o rational_a and_o virtuous_a any_o soul_n be_v the_o more_o it_o must_v be_v above_o whatever_o belong_v to_o sensation_n that_o be_v whatever_o wealth_n honour_n or_o pleasure_n this_o world_n can_v offer_v it_o it_o be_v true_a the_o pleasure_n of_o a_o good_a conscience_n look_v something_o like_o a_o proper_a reward_n in_o such_o case_n but_o alas_o what_o be_v these_o without_o the_o prospect_n of_o a_o better_a state_n and_o how_o much_o must_v they_o be_v check_v and_o damp_v continual_o by_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o shortness_n and_o incertainty_n of_o this_o only_o be_v as_o to_o the_o second_o a_o man_n may_v commit_v so_o much_o wickedness_n he_o may_v be_v guilty_a of_o so_o many_o murder_n he_o may_v spread_v such_o pernicious_a principle_n as_o by_o destroy_v the_o belief_n of_o a_o god_n and_o enervate_v the_o force_n of_o humane_a law_n may_v let_v loose_a the_o most_o furious_a passion_n and_o wild_a appetite_n and_o this_o may_v end_v not_o only_o in_o the_o misery_n of_o the_o present_a age_n but_o infect_v the_o future_a and_o what_o mischief_n be_v not_o a_o vicious_a tyraut_v capable_a of_o do_v the_o worst_a punishment_n that_o can_v be_v inflict_v in_o these_o case_n must_v end_v in_o death_n but_o how_o inconsiderable_a be_v that_o though_o cause_v by_o the_o most_o exquisite_a torment_n if_o compare_v with_o such_o crime_n and_o many_o other_o which_o may_v easy_o be_v suppose_v wherefore_o since_o man_n be_v capable_a of_o do_v more_o good_a or_o evil_a than_o he_o can_v receive_v a_o adequate_a reward_n or_o punishment_n for_o in_o this_o life_n we_o must_v either_o accuse_v that_o god_n who_o make_v he_o so_o of_o want_n of_o wisdom_n goodness_n or_o justice_n or_o else_o allow_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v another_o state_n etc._n etc._n if_o we_o consider_v also_o the_o vast_a capacity_n of_o humane_a nature_n the_o excellency_n of_o those_o faculty_n whereby_o man_n be_v qualify_v for_o pursue_v his_o proper_a end_n how_o much_o they_o set_v he_o above_o all_o other_o creature_n how_o they_o suggest_v to_o he_o natural_o future_a happiness_n and_o misery_n and_o fill_v he_o with_o hope_n and_o fear_n according_o this_o also_o will_v afford_v we_o other_o argument_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n 1._o as_o to_o that_o great_a degree_n of_o capacity_n which_o man_n have_v in_o regard_n to_o other_o creature_n and_o the_o excellency_n of_o those_o faculty_n by_o which_o he_o be_v distinguish_v from_o they_o sup_n they_o vid._n pag._n 13_o 14._o sup_n to_o what_o purpose_n be_v these_o if_o there_o be_v no_o other_o life_n but_o this_o instinct_n and_o sensation_n will_v do_v the_o business_n of_o self-preservation_n as_o well_o in_o man_n as_o in_o beast_n without_o the_o great_a endowment_n of_o reason_n and_o freewill_n by_o the_o misuse_n of_o which_o man_n have_v a_o possibility_n of_o make_v his_o life_n both_o more_o miserable_a and_o short_a than_o they_o can_v they_o so_o that_o these_o power_n which_o he_o value_v himself_o upon_o so_o much_o will_v not_o be_v only_o supersluous_a but_o great_o to_o his_o disadvantage_n wherefore_o as_o the_o very_a place_n of_o these_o faculty_n in_o man_n by_o a_o wise_a and_o sovereign_a be_v show_v that_o he_o be_v make_v for_o a_o great_a end_n than_o only_o to_o continue_v such_o a_o time_n here_o so_o if_o we_o observe_v the_o operation_n of_o they_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o they_o aspire_v to_o something_o great_a than_o this_o world_n can_v afford_v that_o we_o have_v a_o capacity_n too_o great_a to_o rest_v satisfy_v with_o the_o choice_a enjoyment_n here_o that_o our_o reason_n teach_v we_o to_o despise_v they_o and_o raise_v we_o to_o desire_v more_o noble_a object_n and_o more_o solid_a and_o last_a happiness_n etc._n happiness_n see_v that_o late_a learned_a and_o ingenious_a discourse_n concern_v the_o certainty_n and_o necessity_n of_o religion_n in_o general_n pag._n 142_o etc._n etc._n have_v god_n intend_v this_o life_n as_o the_o only_a scene_n of_o man_n happiness_n he_o will_v have_v sit_v and_o proportion_v his_o capacity_n according_o he_o will_v have_v make_v he_o to_o acquiess_v in_o such_o enjoyment_n as_o he_o find_v here_o and_o not_o have_v dispose_v he_o natural_o to_o think_v of_o another_o state_n and_o to_o long_o after_o it_o and_o therefore_o since_o he_o have_v do_v so_o we_o may_v be_v assure_v that_o there_o will_v be_v another_o state_n answerable_a at_o least_o to_o such_o conception_n etc._n conception_n see_v that_o late_a learned_a and_o ingenious_a discourse_n concern_v the_o certainty_n and_o necessity_n of_o religion_n in_o general_n pag._n 142_o etc._n etc._n 2._o this_o be_v also_o evident_a from_o the_o natural_a sense_n of_o evil_a and_o of_o gild_n upon_o commit_v it_o and_o the_o fear_n which_o attend_v it_o otherwise_o man_n will_v be_v the_o most_o wretched_a of_o all_o creature_n to_o no_o purpose_n there_o be_v no_o creature_n that_o feel_v remorse_n upon_o sense_n of_o gild_n or_o that_o dread_v punishment_n according_o
be_v seem_a goodness_n in_o the_o other_o according_o he_o that_o rob_v ravish_v murder_n may_v plead_v that_o he_o do_v so_o only_o because_o it_o seem_v good_a to_o he_o and_o that_o in_o so_o do_v he_o do_v but_o follow_v nature_n but_o if_o this_o be_v to_o follow_v nature_n if_o the_o ground_n of_o general_n natural_a law_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o appetition_n of_o good_a true_a or_o seem_v then_o how_o absurd_a be_v all_o humane_a law_n and_o how_o unnatural_a be_v all_o court_n of_o justice_n in_o a_o word_n to_o give_v a_o man_n up_o to_o act_v by_o seem_v good_a and_o seem_a evil_n be_v to_o let_v he_o loose_v to_o his_o own_o will_n and_o pleasure_n to_o grant_v he_o wildness_n instead_o of_o liberty_n and_o to_o make_v life_n depend_v upon_o this_o be_v to_o tell_v he_o he_o may_v destroy_v himself_o whenever_o he_o think_v fit_v chap._n viii_o examination_n of_o such_o objection_n as_o be_v bring_v to_o invalidate_v what_o be_v say_v above_o concern_v man_n being_n a_o member_n of_o civil_a society_n and_o the_o unlawfulness_n of_o self-murder_n in_o this_o regard_n also_o application_n of_o what_o have_v be_v say_v to_o the_o coroner_n inquest_n in_o this_o case_n hitherto_o i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o answer_v those_o objection_n which_o may_v seem_v to_o oppose_v what_o i_o have_v say_v to_o prove_v self-murder_n unlawful_a as_o man_n be_v consider_v in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n i_o come_v now_o to_o examine_v some_o other_o which_o be_v bring_v against_o what_o have_v be_v say_v to_o confirm_v the_o same_o as_o he_o be_v a_o member_n of_o civil_a society_n first_o i_o must_v say_v something_o to_o that_o which_o be_v 44._o be_v chap._n 5._o p._n 44._o above_o mention_v as_o a_o instance_n of_o desert_v one_o self_n lawful_o 46._o lawful_o biath_n p._n 46._o self-preservation_n do_v not_o so_o rigorous_o and_o urgent_o and_o illimited_o bind_v but_o that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n itself_o thing_n may_v yea_o mun_o neglect_v themselves_o for_o other_o of_o which_o the_o pelican_n be_v a_o instance_n another_o instance_n he_o give_v of_o bee_n too_o from_o whence_o he_o infer_v 47._o infer_v p._n 47._o that_o as_o this_o natural_a instinct_n in_o beast_n so_o rectisied_a reason_n belong_v only_o to_o we_o instruct_v we_o often_o to_o prefer_v public_a and_o necessary_a person_n by_o expose_v ourselves_o to_o inevitable_a destruction_n 128._o destruction_n p._n 128._o we_o may_v lawful_o dispossess_v ourselves_o of_o that_o without_o which_o we_o can_v have_v no_o hope_n to_o sustain_v our_o life_n as_o in_o a_o shipwreck_n a_o private_a man_n may_v give_v his_o plank_n to_o a_o magistrate_n and_o the_o example_n of_o codrus_n curtius_n and_o the_o decci_n and_o the_o approbation_n of_o the_o great_a and_o the_o wise_a nation_n in_o the_o honour_n which_o they_o pay_v to_o their_o memory_n be_v usual_o bring_v in_o upon_o this_o occasiou_n this_o be_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n may_v be_v dispense_v withal_o in_o regard_n of_o serve_v the_o public_a and_o therefore_o that_o it_o may_v be_v so_o as_o reasonable_o in_o any_o man_n be_v private_a concern_v even_o to_o the_o degree_n of_o kill_v himself_o or_o thus_o there_o be_v no_o difference_n as_o to_o self-preservation_n between_o a_o man_n kill_v himself_n upon_o account_n of_o the_o public_a or_o his_o own_o account_n now_o he_o that_o dispossess_v himself_o upon_o the_o public_a account_n to_o save_v a_o public_a person_n of_o that_o without_o which_o he_o can_v have_v no_o hope_n of_o save_v his_o own_o life_n kill_v himself_o to_o this_o may_v be_v answer_v 1._o that_o the_o use_n of_o instinct_n in_o beast_n be_v to_o preserve_v they_o it_o be_v give_v they_o to_o this_o end_n alone_o instead_o of_o reason_n therefore_o it_o be_v a_o contradiction_n to_o affirm_v that_o any_o beast_n bird_n or_o insect_n destroy_v itself_o by_o instinct_n and_o the_o instance_n here_o bring_v to_o prove_v this_o be_v fabulous_a 2._o that_o the_o more_o reason_n be_v rectify_v in_o man_n the_o more_o he_o will_v understand_v to_o what_o end_n he_o receive_v life_n and_o how_o little_a authority_n he_o have_v to_o dispose_v of_o it_o and_o therefore_o the_o more_o careful_o will_v he_o obey_v the_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n and_o this_o particular_o upon_o the_o consideration_n of_o what_o he_o owe_v the_o public_a 3._o that_o the_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n may_v not_o be_v wilful_o break_v even_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o public_a no_o man_n have_v natural_o any_o authority_n to_o destroy_v himself_o for_o his_o country_n design_o and_o pâ—…ively_o but_o to_o hazard_v his_o life_n only_o as_o to_o the_o instance_n of_o codrus_n curtius_n and_o the_o decci_n what_o they_o do_v be_v ground_v upon_o a_o religious_a or_o superstitious_a persuasion_n which_o they_o obey_v as_o supernatural_a and_o therefore_o can_v be_v use_v to_o prove_v what_o be_v natural_o lawful_a the_o instance_n of_o give_v a_o magiftrate_a a_o plank_n in_o a_o shipwreck_n imply_v only_o great_a hazard_n of_o life_n not_o positive_a destruction_n of_o it_o because_o there_o be_v a_o possibility_n of_o escape_v leave_v and_o because_o the_o intention_n be_v not_o to_o die_v to_o abandon_v all_o care_n of_o one_o self_n but_o to_o take_v care_n of_o another_o first_o to_o make_v this_o more_o plain_a i_o will_v show_v 1._o what_o authority_n the_o public_a power_n wherever_o it_o be_v place_v have_v to_o require_v any_o person_n to_o hazard_v his_o life_n and_o what_o warrant_v that_o person_n have_v to_o hazard_v it_o according_o 2._o the_o difference_n between_o extreme_a hazard_n and_o self-murder_n 1._o what_o authority_n etc._n etc._n in_o this_o consideration_n i_o shall_v have_v no_o regard_n to_o any_o one_o particular_a state_n but_o only_o inquire_v into_o the_o end_n of_o government_n or_o civil_a society_n in_o general_n and_o this_o with_o all_o submission_n imaginable_a the_o end_n of_o civil_a government_n be_v i_o suppose_v the_o promote_a the_o same_o thing_n for_o many_o man_n together_o upon_o which_o their_o true_a happiness_n depend_v as_o consider_v single_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n this_o be_v usual_o call_v the_o public_a good_a that_o be_v each_o man_n be_v private_a good_a as_o he_o be_v man_n consider_v collective_o and_o with_o regard_n to_o the_o general_n welfare_n private_a good_a be_v twofold_a as_o have_v be_v show_v moral_a and_o sensitive_a the_o object_n of_o humane_a law_n must_v be_v twofold_a also_o virtue_n and_o propriety_n and_o the_o promote_a and_o secure_v these_o in_o peace_n from_o all_o enemy_n either_o from_o without_o or_o within_o any_o political_a body_n seem_v to_o be_v the_o true_a natural_a end_n of_o civil_a society_n now_o as_o there_o be_v public_a good_a to_o be_v secure_v so_o in_o order_n to_o this_o there_o must_v be_v public_a power_n over_o every_o particular_a subject_n lodge_v in_o one_o or_o more_o person_n according_a as_o the_o form_n of_o the_o government_n be_v and_o lest_o this_o power_n shall_v be_v either_o dangerous_a or_o to_o no_o purpose_n there_o must_v be_v also_o public_a judgement_n the_o result_n of_o the_o debate_n of_o wise_a and_o upright_a man_n to_o limit_v it_o and_o direct_v it_o furthermore_o whereas_o every_o particular_a state_n must_v be_v consider_v as_o one_o political_a person_n in_o which_o respect_n the_o be_v of_o any_o state_n be_v to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o the_o public_a life_n and_o the_o wellbeing_a of_o the_o same_o state_n the_o public_a health_n so_o it_o must_v be_v suppose_v that_o the_o public_a power_n must_v be_v such_o as_o be_v proper_a and_o requisite_a to_o defend_v these_o and_o consequent_o that_o it_o must_v extend_v to_o particular_a life_n whenever_o the_o public_a life_n be_v any_o way_n in_o danger_n now_o this_o may_v be_v endanger_v two_o way_n either_o one_a by_o enemy_n within_o the_o state_n corrupt_a and_o vicious_a man_n who_o obstruct_v and_o break_v the_o law_n and_o insect_n other_o in_o which_o case_n the_o public_a power_n extend_v to_o the_o actual_a destruction_n of_o such_o particular_a man_n life_n as_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n or_o two_o it_o may_v be_v endanger_v from_o outward_a enemy_n other_o government_n that_o will_v enslave_v or_o destroy_v it_o in_o which_o case_n the_o public_a power_n extend_v to_o the_o oblige_v such_o as_o it_o think_v fit_v to_o hazard_v their_o life_n when_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o public_a preservation_n to_o hazard_v i_o say_v not_o positive_o destroy_v themselves_o as_o when_o a_o blow_n be_v make_v at_o a_o man_n head_n he_o may_v lift_v up_o his_o arm_n to_o defend_v it_o venture_v the_o break_n of_o it_o not_o positive_o break_v it_o which_o he_o have_v no_o right_a to_o do_v
when_o he_o come_v to_o do_v so_o no_o wonder_n that_o he_o kill_v himself_o chap._n xiii_o of_o honour_n that_o this_o be_v twofold_a either_o inward_a a_o principle_n of_o virtue_n or_o outward_a the_o applause_n which_o follow_v upon_o it_o that_o neither_o of_o these_o can_v ever_o require_v self-muriher_n the_o mistake_v concern_v honour_n which_o occasion_n it_o objection_n answer_v the_o next_o pretence_n for_o self-murder_n be_v honour_n there_o be_v nothing_o i_o think_v that_o be_v more_o general_o pretend_v to_o than_o this_o except_v wit_n only_o and_o yet_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v as_o little_o understand_v as_o that_o honour_n people_n find_v be_v something_o that_o be_v commendable_a though_o what_o it_o be_v they_o can_v tell_v therefore_o every_o one_o be_v desirous_a to_o have_v their_o action_n pass_v for_o honourable_a the_o word_n be_v strain_v to_o as_o many_o signification_n as_o they_o have_v inclination_n often_o it_o be_v take_v for_o some_o particular_a quality_n which_o be_v think_v to_o belong_v more_o to_o one_o degree_n of_o man_n or_o to_o one_o sex_n than_o another_o thus_o in_o woman_n chastity_n be_v honour_n in_o man_n of_o high_a birth_n truth_n and_o justice_n in_o soldiers_z courage_n in_o tradesman_n punctual_a payment_n but_o since_o these_o several_a quality_n may_v be_v attend_v by_o great_a vice_n since_o these_o thing_n be_v true_o as_o commendable_a in_o one_o person_n as_o another_o and_o equal_o require_v in_o all_o people_n this_o be_v but_o a_o very_a imperfect_a account_n of_o honour_n for_o this_o must_v be_v something_o which_o concern_v all_o mankind_n and_o therefore_o humane_a nature_n itself_o must_v be_v consider_v before_o we_o can_v come_v to_o any_o knowledge_n of_o it_o the_o perfection_n of_o humane_a nature_n and_o the_o great_a end_n of_o humane_a life_n have_v be_v show_v to_o be_v the_o follow_v of_o reason_n by_o virtue_n therefore_o what_o i_o say_v of_o courage_n before_o must_v be_v say_v of_o honour_n now_o that_o the_o excellency_n of_o it_o consist_v in_o the_o promote_a of_o this_o end_n now_o though_o whatever_o be_v a_o hindrance_n to_o this_o be_v call_v by_o the_o general_a name_n of_o evil_a yet_o all_o evil_n do_v not_o appear_v in_o its_o own_o natural_a shape_n but_o often_o put_v on_o the_o form_n of_o good_a and_o so_o work_v and_o insinuate_v itself_o into_o man_n by_o his_o passion_n and_o appetite_n wherefore_o honour_n seem_v to_o be_v that_o principle_n whereby_o the_o soul_n be_v secure_v against_o both_o these_o kind_n of_o evil_a in_o the_o quiet_a pursuit_n of_o the_o end_n of_o life_n and_o thus_o perhaps_o it_o may_v be_v describe_v honour_n be_v a_o elevation_n of_o the_o soul_n upon_o the_o sense_n of_o its_o pre-eminence_n above_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o creation_n in_o regard_n to_o that_o great_a end_n of_o its_o be_v the_o follow_v of_o reason_n by_o virtue_n a_o firm_a resolution_n to_o observe_v it_o and_o agenerous_a disdaln_v of_o all_o pleasure_n or_o profit_n all_o loss_n or_o danger_n of_o whatever_o the_o world_n can_v promise_v or_o threaten_v of_o whatever_o be_v dreadful_a or_o delightful_a in_o comparison_n of_o do_v so_o so_o that_o this_o be_v the_o great_a excellency_n of_o man_n nature_n it_o be_v a_o spirit_n draw_v off_o from_o the_o noble_a part_n of_o humane_a reason_n it_o be_v that_o god_n within_o we_o as_o the_o stoic_n speak_v that_o divine_a power_n which_o direct_v man_n freewill_n follow_v he_o diligent_o through_o every_o part_n of_o his_o duty_n regulate_v his_o knowledge_n and_o his_o courage_n and_o hinder_v the_o one_o from_o fall_v into_o injury_n and_o the_o other_o into_o knavery_n 1._o this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o first_o and_o most_o important_a meaning_n of_o the_o word_n honour_n as_o it_o be_v a_o inward_a principle_n of_o action_n and_o depend_v whole_o upon_o one_o self_n 2._o there_o be_v another_o signification_n of_o this_o word_n honour_n as_o it_o depend_v upon_o other_o people_n and_o be_v something_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o reputation_n but_o above_o it_o reputation_n be_v esteem_v from_o suppose_a excellency_n when_o we_o say_v such_o a_o one_o be_v repute_v so_o and_o so_o honour_n be_v praise_n respect_n veneration_n upon_o a_o clear_a knowledge_n a_o certainty_n of_o such_o excellency_n and_o when_o this_o be_v give_v by_o many_o man_n it_o be_v call_v glory_n so_o that_o honour_n be_v twofold_a inward_a or_o outward_a but_o the_o last_o depend_v chiesly_a upon_o the_o person_n that_o be_v to_o bestow_v it_o the_o outward_a honour_n which_o be_v true_o valuable_a be_v the_o image_n of_o inward_a honour_n reflect_v back_o in_o the_o applause_n of_o good_a and_o wise_a man_n upon_o a_o man_n observe_v faithful_o the_o true_a end_n of_o life_n and_o make_v always_o a_o right_a use_n of_o those_o power_n by_o which_o he_o excel_v all_o other_o creature_n in_o follow_v impartial_a reason_n by_o steady_a virtue_n what_o ever_o danger_n threaten_v or_o pleasure_n slatter_v thus_o cicero_n who_o understand_v this_o very_a well_o though_o he_o be_v a_o little_a too_o forward_o to_o help_v himself_o to_o it_o tell_v we_o that_o glory_n which_o be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o honour_n though_o of_o a_o large_a extent_n be_v 3._o be_v gloria_fw-la est_fw-la solida_fw-la quaedam_fw-la res_fw-la &_o expressa_fw-la non_fw-la adumbrata_fw-la ca_fw-mi est_fw-la consentiens_fw-la laus_fw-la honorum_fw-la incorrupta_fw-la vox_fw-la bene_fw-la judicantium_fw-la de_fw-fr excellent_a virtute_fw-la tuscul._n quest._n lib._n 3._o something_o of_o substance_n like_o solid_a imagery_n not_o the_o slight_a shadow_v of_o fade_a colour_n it_o be_v the_o concurrent_a praise_n of_o good_a man_n the_o impartial_a verdict_n of_o such_o as_o be_v able_a judge_n of_o excellent_a virtue_n so_o that_o where_o there_o be_v excellent_a virtue_n for_o the_o foundation_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o where_o man_n be_v qualify_v with_o knowledge_n and_o integrity_n on_o the_o other_o the_o honour_n which_o be_v give_v by_o such_o be_v solid_a and_o last_a like_o the_o statue_n of_o the_o god_n and_o all_o other_o no_o better_a than_o the_o slight_a daub_v of_o fade_a colour_n which_o decay_v immediate_o but_o because_o the_o love_n of_o honour_n include_v the_o fear_n of_o dishonour_n and_o no_o man_n can_v be_v desirous_a of_o praise_n but_o he_o must_v have_v a_o proportionable_a aversion_n to_o disgrace_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a also_o to_o observe_v from_o whence_o this_o come_v this_o must_v be_v from_o act_v quite_o contrary_a to_o what_o be_v say_v above_o from_o forsake_v the_o true_a end_n of_o life_n from_o refuse_v to_o follow_v reason_n by_o virtue_n and_o desert_v it_o wilful_o to_o obey_v vice_n the_o result_n of_o this_o be_v first_o inward_a disgrace_n when_o the_o soul_n abhor_v itself_o and_o hate_v the_o sight_n of_o its_o own_o folly_n and_o this_o when_o know_v become_v outward_a disgrace_n which_o true_o consist_v in_o the_o concurrent_a dispraise_n of_o good_a man_n but_o then_o we_o shall_v take_v notice_n that_o though_o this_o be_v a_o great_a evil_n and_o though_o a_o man_n may_v happen_v to_o fall_v into_o it_o yet_o he_o may_v recover_v his_o reputation_n or_o honour_n again_o by_o take_v the_o contrary_a course_n and_o follow_v of_o his_o reason_n by_o virtue_n and_o that_o the_o soon_o because_o good_a man_n upon_o who_o verdict_n disgrace_n depend_v will_v be_v always_o ready_a to_o acquit_v other_o of_o blame_v upon_o reasonable_a ground_n and_o glad_a to_o believe_v and_o proclaim_v their_o change_n if_o this_o than_o be_v a_o account_n of_o honour_n how_o can_v it_o be_v pretend_v that_o it_o shall_v ever_o require_v a_o man_n to_o murder_n himself_o for_o first_o as_o to_o inward_a honour_n if_o this_o be_v a_o elevation_n of_o the_o soul_n raise_v upon_o a_o just_a sense_n of_o the_o advantage_n which_o man_n have_v above_o other_o creature_n in_o the_o power_n of_o knowledge_n and_o freewill_n and_o the_o excellent_a end_n which_o they_o be_v give_v for_o and_o if_o it_o be_v a_o firm_a resolution_n of_o pursue_v that_o end_n what_o can_v be_v more_o contradictory_n to_o this_o than_o self-murder_n what_o can_v it_o signify_v to_o man_n to_o have_v such_o preeminence_n nay_o to_o be_v make_v to_o any_o purpose_n at_o all_o if_o the_o noble_a principle_n in_o his_o nature_n shall_v teach_v he_o to_o decline_v that_o purpose_n if_o that_o which_o be_v place_v in_o he_o to_o support_v and_o improve_v his_o be_v shall_v require_v he_o not_o to_o be_v at_o all_o again_o if_o honour_n be_v the_o generous_a disdain_n of_o whatever_o be_v terrible_a or_o dangerous_a in_o the_o way_n to_o our_o perform_v the_o true_a end_n of_o life_n and_o if_o it_o be_v always_o in_o a_o good_a man_n power_n to_o perform_v this_o end_n what_o circumstance_n can_v be_v of_o such_o
malice_n this_o i_o be_o sure_a be_v no_o masculine_a reason_n this_o i_o believe_v indeed_o be_v the_o cause_n why_o many_o man_n destroy_v themselves_o in_o such_o case_n anger_n despite_n rage_n envy_n and_o revenge_n drive_v they_o to_o this_o unjust_a action_n and_o put_v they_o upon_o disappoint_v their_o enemy_n malice_n with_o as_o much_o malice_n of_o their_o own_o a_o excellent_a temper_n of_o mind_n to_o leave_v the_o world_n in_o but_o if_o a_o enemy_n shall_v not_o drive_v i_o to_o a_o unjust_a thing_n by_o any_o flattery_n or_o reward_n shall_v his_o ill_a usage_n do_v so_o this_o will_v be_v to_o fulfil_v his_o will_n effectual_o to_o glut_v his_o malice_n even_o to_o a_o kind_n of_o luxury_n for_o his_o wili_n be_v that_o you_o shall_v fret_v and_o torment_v yourself_o under_o what_o he_o make_v you_o suffer_v his_o will_n be_v that_o people_n shall_v think_v you_o guilty_a that_o the_o credit_n which_o you_o gain_v former_o shall_v be_v lessen_v by_o your_o poor_a behaviour_n at_o last_o all_o which_o will_v be_v gratify_v by_o self-murder_n but_o if_o you_o will_v disappoint_v his_o malice_n though_o alas_o that_o be_v but_o a_o base_a motive_n to_o the_o do_v any_o part_n of_o one_o duty_n continue_v in_o the_o same_o virtue_n which_o first_o raise_v his_o envy_n and_o hatred_n march_v with_o the_o same_o steady_a pace_n through_o the_o ingrateful_a multitude_n with_o which_o thou_o used'_a to_o do_v against_o their_o enemy_n pity_v they_o with_o the_o same_o greatness_n of_o mind_n wherewith_o thou_o do_v defend_v they_o and_o deprive_v they_o of_o a_o triumph_n by_o maintain_v still_o the_o same_o character_n and_o be_v even_o in_o death_n a_o conqueror_n so_o regulus_n go_v to_o embrace_v certain_a death_n amid_o a_o thousand_o torment_n with_o such_o a_o mind_n scaevola_n expose_v his_o arm_n to_o the_o flame_n and_o many_o other_o in_o this_o manner_n have_v turn_v their_o persecutor_n barbarity_n upon_o themselves_o and_o shake_v their_o ill_n get_v or_o ill_o use_v power_n more_o by_o the_o calm_a bravery_n of_o their_o death_n than_o thousand_o can_v have_v do_v in_o the_o field_n all_o history_n will_v afford_v instance_n of_o this_o kind_n in_o a_o word_n this_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o there_o never_o be_v a_o great_a innocent_a man_n put_v to_o death_n public_o but_o that_o the_o power_n who_o cause_v this_o will_v have_v be_v hearty_o glad_a that_o he_o will_v have_v prevent_v it_o by_o be_v the_o murderer_n of_o himself_o thus_o i_o have_v go_v through_o this_o pretence_n also_o more_o to_o comply_v with_o some_o particular_a person_n than_o out_o of_o any_o real_a necessity_n that_o there_o be_v of_o such_o proof_n since_o all_o depend_v upon_o what_o be_v say_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o treatise_n concern_v self-murther_n be_v a_o act_n of_o injustice_n and_o if_o so_o whatever_o may_v be_v pretend_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o honour_n if_o honour_n be_v any_o thing_n of_o a_o virtue_n it_o can_v never_o require_v that_o which_o be_v unjust_a and_o consequent_o it_o can_v never_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o self-murder_n chap._n fourteen_o liberty_n the_o last_o plea_n for_o self-murder_n examine_v of_o that_o liberty_n in_o general_n which_o man_n have_v over_o his_o action_n that_o this_o can_v be_v a_o just_a pretence_n for_o self-murder_n that_o whatever_o calamity_n what_o grief_n or_o pain_n soever_o afflict_v the_o soul_n or_o may_v be_v suppose_v to_o enslave_v it_o man_n have_v no_o power_n or_o liberty_n to_o set_v it_o free_a in_o this_o manner_n that_o it_o will_v be_v in_o vain_a to_o attempt_v to_o do_v so_o because_o it_o will_v not_o be_v in_o a_o state_n of_o liberty_n but_o in_o a_o state_n of_o utmost_a slavery_n afterward_o the_o conclusion_n when_o cato_n be_v at_o supper_n with_o some_o of_o his_o friend_n the_o evening_n before_o he_o kill_v himself_o one_o of_o the_o stoic_n paradox_n that_o a_o good_a man_n alone_o be_v free_a and_o that_o all_o bad_a man_n be_v slave_n happen_v to_o fall_v into_o the_o discourse_n he_o maintain_v it_o with_o so_o much_o earnestness_n and_o heat_n that_o plutarch_n say_v every_o body_n perceive_v plain_o that_o he_o have_v resolve_v to_o free_v himself_o from_o the_o trouble_v he_o be_v in_o by_o put_v a_o end_n to_o his_o life_n in_o some_o violent_a manner_n this_o will_v not_o be_v a_o paradox_n in_o itself_o unless_o it_o be_v join_v with_o self-murder_n good_a man_n alone_o be_v free_a and_o always_o free_a while_o good_a they_o maintain_v their_o liberty_n by_o observe_v the_o dictate_v of_o reason_n and_o follow_v the_o end_n for_o which_o they_o receive_v life_n which_o give_v peace_n joy_n and_o last_a happiness_n and_o this_o be_v true_a liberty_n on_o the_o other_o side_n ill_a man_n by_o desert_v the_o same_o dictate_v and_o renounce_v the_o same_o end_n fall_v into_o trouble_n anxiety_n and_o remorse_n which_o be_v the_o worst_a slavery_n now_o if_o cato_n himself_o be_v free_a in_o this_o sense_n as_o to_o his_o be_v a_o good_a man_n then_o what_o occasion_n have_v he_o to_o die_v to_o obtain_v further_a liberty_n if_o he_o have_v occasion_n for_o it_o than_o he_o must_v own_o that_o he_o be_v a_o ill_a man_n a_o slave_n or_o in_o unavoidable_a danger_n of_o be_v so_o which_o a_o right_a stoic_a can_v never_o be_v or_o if_o by_o be_v free_a be_v mean_v the_o do_v what_o one_o will_n a_o ill_a man_n be_v as_o much_o free_a in_o this_o respect_n as_o a_o good_a man_n nay_o more_o so_o for_o a_o good_a man_n will_v not_o be_v free_a to_o do_v a_o unjust_a thing_n and_o that_o self-murder_n be_v a_o act_n of_o injustice_n in_o the_o high_a degree_n have_v be_v show_v all_o along_o yet_o this_o be_v the_o thing_n which_o be_v continual_o pretend_v as_o a_o reafâ—…nable_a ground_n of_o this_o action_n and_o the_o write_n of_o the_o stoic_n abound_v with_o exhortation_n to_o make_v use_n of_o such_o liberty_n seneca_n be_v the_o bold_a and_o forward_a upon_o this_o occasion_n 15._o occasion_n seneca_n de_fw-fr ira._n lib._n 3._o sect._n 15._o whatever_o your_o evil_n be_v say_v he_o look_v which_o way_n you_o will_v and_o you_o may_v find_v a_o end_n of_o they_o do_v you_o see_v that_o precipice_n there_o that_o be_v the_o way_n down_o to_o liberty_n do_v you_o see_v that_o sea_n that_o river_n that_o well_o there_o be_v liberty_n at_o the_o bottom_n behold_v that_o blast_a wither_a tree_n every_o branch_n of_o it_o bear_v liberty_n 70._o liberty_n epist._n 70._o the_o eternal_a law_n of_o nature_n have_v do_v nothing_o better_a than_o that_o it_o have_v give_v we_o but_o one_o way_n of_o come_v into_o life_n but_o many_o to_o go_v out_o of_o it_o why_o shall_v i_o wait_v still_o the_o cruelty_n of_o man_n or_o sickness_n when_o i_o can_v walk_v out_o of_o life_n through_o the_o midst_n of_o torment_n and_o but_o shake_v myself_o and_o be_v free_a from_o all_o adversity_n this_o be_v the_o only_a thing_n we_o can_v complain_v of_o life_n for_o it_o stay_v no_o body_n do_v life_n please_v you_o live_v on_o do_v it_o not_o please_v you_o return_v to_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o you_o come_v you_o have_v be_v let_v blood_n to_o cure_v the_o headache_n your_o whole_a body_n may_v be_v ease_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o even_o a_o little_a lancet_n will_v open_v the_o way_n to_o great_a liberty_n this_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v that_o whatever_o we_o be_v able_a to_o do_v we_o may_v do_v whatever_o be_v in_o our_o power_n be_v lawful_a after_o this_o rate_n all_o right_a and_o propriety_n all_o justice_n and_o fidelity_n can_v signify_v nothing_o for_o what_o be_v there_o that_o have_v be_v allow_v to_o be_v evil_a by_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o mankind_n let_v it_o be_v sacrilege_n adultery_n perfidiousness_n treachery_n theft_n but_o may_v become_v lawful_a according_a to_o this_o if_o we_o have_v but_o the_o opportunity_n of_o commit_v it_o for_o instance_n suppose_v a_o man_n shall_v be_v entrust_v by_o a_o friend_n with_o the_o management_n of_o a_o great_a estate_n and_o leave_v in_o possession_n of_o a_o palace_n rich_o furnish_v many_o jewel_n much_o money_n etc._n etc._n during_o his_o friend_n absence_n he_o fall_v into_o great_a misfortune_n be_v very_o hardly_o use_v by_o those_o he_o have_v to_o do_v withal_o and_o upon_o this_o grow_v discontent_v and_o melancholy_a when_o accidental_o some_o philosophical_a acquaintance_n come_v in_o and_o have_v hear_v his_o case_n talk_v to_o he_o to_o this_o purpose_n since_o the_o soul_n affect_v freedom_n natural_o why_o shall_v thou_o be_v a_o slave_n to_o poverty_n turn_v thy_o eye_n which_o way_n thou_o will_v and_o the_o way_n to_o liberty_n lie_v open_a do_v you_o remember_v where_o you_o be_v do_v you_o see_v