Worke more of worth The Palme wherein rare vertues be And for a Conquest crownes a King The Olive and the Cader Tree Faire fat and fruitfull these I bring In Egypt Syria and the Land Of Promise nam'd by holiest High I could not see nor understand For vertue any Trees come nigh As these worth praise are profitable They being of the worthiest kindes So in best sense hath Speed been able To please worth praise the worthiest Mindes In short to give him then his due This Art his better never knew IO SANDERSON THE CONTENTS OF THE CHOROGRAPHICALL PART THE FIRST BOOKE DESCRIBING THE WHOLE KINGDOME in generall with those Shires Cities and Shire-townes which are properly accounted for ENGLISH Countries and Counties Fol. bark-BArk-shire 27 bedford-Bedford-shire 41 buckingham-Buckingham-shire 43 cambridge-Cambridge-shire 37 chesse-Chesse-shire 73 Cornewall 21 Cumberland 87 Darby-shire 67 devon-Devon-shire 19 dorcester-Dorcester-shire 17 Durham-Bishopricke 83 Englands Generall 5 Essex 31 Glocester-shire 47 Great Britaine 1 Hant-shire 13 hertford-Hertford-shire 39 Hereford-shire 49 Huntington-shire 57 Ilands 93 Kent 7 Lanca-shire 75 Leicester 61 Lincolne-shire 63 Man Island 91 Middlesex 29 Mounmouth-shire 107 Northampton-shire 55 Norfolke 35 North and East Ridings 81 Northumberland 89 Nottingham-shire 65 Oxford-shire 45 Rutland-shire 59 Saxons Heptarchie 3 Shrop-shire 71 Somerset-shire 23 Stafford-shire 69 Suffolke 33 Surrey 11 Sussex 9 Warwicke-shire 53 Westmorland 85 West-Riding 79 Wight Island 15 Wilt-shire 25 Worcester-shire 51 Yorkeshire 77 THE SECOND BOOK Containing the Counties of VVales Countries and Counties Fol. ANglesey Iland 125 Brecknock-shire 109 Caermarden-shire 103 Caernarvon-shire 123 Cardigan-shire 113 Denbigh-shire 119 Flint-shire 121 Glamorgan-shire 105 Merioneth-shire 117 Mountgomery-shire 115 Penbroke-shire 101 Radnor-shire 111 Wales Generall 99 THE THIRD BOOK Scotlands Kingdome in one Generall 131 THE FOVRTH BOOK Containing the Kingdome of Ireland Countries and Counties Fol. IReland Generall 137 Mounster 139 Leinster 141 Conaugh 143 Vlster 145 A Briefe Description of the Civill Warres and Battailes fought in England Wales and Ireland IN this platform here are contained Gentle Reader the severall Battailes fought by Sea and Land at severall times and in severall places of England and Ireland and the parts adjoyning within these five hundred yeares last past Descriptions of pictures after the manner of fight as the plot would give roome I have placed and in the margent by numbers marked observed the time yeare and event of every Battaile Which being undertaken in satisfaction of the honourable desire of certaine Martiall and Noble minded Gentlemen professours of Armes and followers of Fame desirous to see the passed proceedings of their owne professions dealt liberally with me to draw the plot and were most diligent themselves in giving directions to set downe the places persons and the issue of every Battaile fought either by Sea or Land in England Wales and Ireland And being finished in a farre larger platforme with the liking of the motioners and good acceptance of her that then was the mirrour of her sex and the maiden Martialist of the then knowne world the glorious and ever-living Queene ELIZABETH to whose sacred censure it was commended and dedicated I intended there to have staid it from further sight or publication Since indeed the silence of Englands civill warres better befitted Englands subjects they being the markes of her infamies and staynes to be washed away rather with repentance then any way revived by too often remembrance But these defects I saw could not be so smothered as to be quite forgot therefore I thought fit at least to make up her honour with our other proceedings in forraine parts and insinuate my penne into some little better applause by tracing the victories of the English as farre as the Sunne spreadeth his beames or the girdle of the earth doth any wise incircle it Not to mention then the fictions of Monmouth that makes our Authour another Caesar in his conquests nor Polydors proofes for Ethelstans title unto Scotland by the cut of his sword an ell deepe into a Marble stone things rather Poeticall then substantiall by truths testimonie In Syria the Long-shankes for the recovery of the holy Crosse made his sword drunke with bloud And before him the Ceur-de-Lion upon the same intent subdued Cyprus forced Cursat the King thereof into fetters of silver and gold assumed the Iland to himselfe whose title he intended to have changed for that of Ierusalem unto whom Guido the King thereof with Geffrey de Lenizant his brother and Raimund Prince of Antioch with Boâ—mound his sonne sware fealtie to be true and loyall subjects unto King Richard France felt the heavie hands of Edward and Henry our English Kings when the one of them at Poictiers tooke prisoners Iohn King of France and Philip surnamed the hardy his sonne And the other at Azincourt in a bloody battaile tooke and slew foure thousand Princes Nobles Knights and Esquiers even all the flowre of France as their owne Writers have declared And at Paris the Crowne of France was set upon Henry 6. his head homage done unto him by the French that Kingdome made subject and their Flower-de-Luces quartered with our Lions of England Scotland like wise felt the fury of Henry 2. when their King William was taken prisoner in the field And to omit the Bailiolls that made themselves subjects to England At Novils-Crosse David King of Scotland was taken in battaile by the English Queene Philip wife to King Edward the third being present in field and both the Kings of France and Scotland at one time retained prisoners in London till their liberty was obtained by ransome Nor was Spaine free from Englands power when that Thunderbolt of warre our blacke Prince re-established Peter their King upon his Throne at Burgus to say nothing of the ruines Spaine suffered at Cadez by the English led by Essex in revenge of their unvincible vincible Navy in truth the seale of their truth-lesse cowardize unto this day And not onely the Garter which King Richard the first tyed about the legs of his Souldiers remaines still the Royall bound of Englands Combinators but the Round Table of sixe hundred foote circumference erected at Windsor by King Edward the third with the allowance of an hundred pounds by weeke for the diet of his Martialists may like wise witnesse Where the Worthy admitted by conference and continuall practise got such experience in military affaires that that which was â—aid of the Gadites might have beene said of them They were all valiant men of warre apt for Battaile and could handle speare and shield their faces were the faces of Lions and were like the Roes in the mountaines for swiftnesse In whose imitation Philip de Valoys the French King erected in Paris the like though his Knights proved not in courage like unto Edwards And from this Academy of Military professors commenced such Masters of Military discipline as Maximilian the Roman Emperour held it such honour to be incorporated into their Societies as himselfe became the King of ENGLANDS professed Souldier wore the
themselves to Iulius Caesar and whose chiefe City was Vindonum Caer Segonte now Silcestâ—r and upon the South by the Belgae and Regni who were subdued by Plantius and Vespasian the Romans where Titus rescuing his father straitly besieged by the Britaines as Dio and Forcatulus doe report was grasped about with an Adder but no hurt to his person and therefore taken for a signe of good luck Their chiefe Town was Rincewood as yet sounding the name and more within Land inhabited the Manures as Beda calles them whose Hundreds also to this day give a relish of their names 7 Neere Ringwood and the place once YTENE from God and peoples service to Beast and luxury thirty-six Parish-Churches were converted and pulled downe by the Conquerour and thirty miles of circuite inforrested for his Game of Hunting wherein his sonnes Richard and Rufus with Henry the second sonne to Duke Robert his first felt by hasty death the hand of Iustice and Revenge for in the same Forrest Richard by a blasting of a pestilent aire Rufus by a shot taken for a Beast and Henry as Absalom hanged by a bough came to their untimely ends At so deare a rate the pleasures of dogs and harbour for beasts were bought in the blood of these Princes 8 The generall commodities gotten in this Shire are Woolles Clothes and Iron whereof great store is therein wrought from the Mines and thence transported into all parts of this Realme and their Clothes and Karsies carried into many forraine Countries to that Counties great benefit and Englands great praise 9 The Trade thereof with other provisions for the whole are vented thorow eighteene Market-Townes in this Shire whereof Winchester the Britaines Caer Gwent the Romans Venta Belgarum and the Saxons Windaneasder is chiefe ancient enough by our British Historians as built by King Rudhudibras nine hundred yeares before the Nativity of Christ and famous in the Romans times for the weavings and embroderies therein wrought to the peculiar uses of their Emperours owne persons In the Saxons times after two Calamities of consuming fire her walles were raised and the Citie made the Royall Seat of their West-Saxons Kings and the Metropolitan of their Bishops See wherein Egbert and Elfred their most famous Monarches were crowned and Henry the third the Normans longest raigner first tooke breath And here King Aethelstane erected six houses for his Mint but the Danish desolation over-running all this Citie felt their fury in the dayes of King Ethelbright and in the Normans time twice was defaced by the mis-fortune of fire which they againe repaired and graced with the trust of keeping the publique Records of the Realme In the civill Warres of Maud and Stephen this City was sore sacked but againe receiving breath was by King Edward the third appointed the place for Mart of Wooll and Cloth The Cathedrall Church built by Kenwolf King of the West-Saxons that had beene Amphibalus Saint Peters Swythins and now holy Trinitie is the Sanctuary for the ashes of many English Kings for herein great Egbert Anno 836. with his sonne King Ethelwolfe 857. Here Elfred Oxfords Founder 901. with his Queene Elswith 904. Here the first Edmund before the Conquest 924. with his sonnes Elfred and Elsward Here Edred 955. and Edwy 956. both Kings of England Here Emmâ— 1052. with her Danish Lord Canute 1035. and his sonne Hardicanute 1042. And here lastly the Normans Richard and Rufus 1100. were interred their bones by Bishop Fox were gathered and shrined in little guilt coffers fixed upon a wall in the Quire where still they remaine carefully preserved This Cities situation is fruitfull and pleasant in a valley under hils having her River on the East and Castle on the West the circuit of whose walls are well-neare two English miles containing one thousand eight hundred and eighty paces thorow which openeth six gates for entrance and therein are seven Churches for divine service besides the Minster and those decayed such as Callendos Ruell Chappell Saint Maries Abbey and the Fryers without in the Suburbs and Soâ—ke in the East is Saint Peters and in the North Hyde Church and Monastery whose ruines remaining shew the beauty that formâ—tly it bare The Graduation of this City by the Mathematicks is placed for Latitude in the degree 51 10 minutes and for Longitude 19 3 minutes 10 More South is South-hampton a Towne populous rich and beautifull from whom the whole Shire deriveth her name most strongly walled about with square stone containing in circuit one thousand and two hundred paces having seven Gates for entrance and twenty-nine Towers for defence two very stately Keyes for Ships arrivage and five faire Churches for Gods Divine Service besides an Hospitall called Gods house wherein the unfortunate Richard Earle of Cambridge beheaded for treason lyeth interred On the West of this Towne is mounted a most beautifull Castle in forme Circular and wall within wall the foundation upon a hill so topped that it cannot be ascended but by staires carrying a goodly prospect both by Land and Sea and in the East without the walles a goodly Church sometimes stood called Saint Maries which was pulled downe for that it gave the French direction of course who with fire had greatly endangered the Towne In stead thereof is now newly erected a small and unfinished Chappell In this place saith learned Cambden stood the ancient Clausentium or Fort of the Romans whose circuit on that side extended it selfe to the Sea This suffered many depredations by the Saxon Pirats and in Anno 980. was by the Danes almost quite overthrowne In King Edward the thirds time it was fired by the French under the conduct of the King of Sicils sonne whom a countrey-man encountred and strucke downe with his Club. Hee crying Rancon that is Ransoms but hee neither understanding his language nor the law that Armes doth allow laid on more soundly saying I know thee a Frankon and therefore shalt thou dye And in Richard the seconds time it was somewhat removed and built in the place where now it standeth In this Clausentium Canute to evict his flatterers made triall of his Deity commanding the Seas to keepe backe from his seat but being not obeyed he acknowledged God to be the only Supreme Governour and in a religious devotion gave up his Crown to the Rood at Winchester More ancient was Silcester built by Constantius great Constantines sonne whose monument say they was seene in that City and where another Constantine put on the purple Roabe against Honorius as both Ninius and Gervase of Canterbury doe witnesse Herein by onr Historians record the warlike Arthur was crowned Whose greatnesse for circuit contained no lesse then fourscore acres of ground and the walles of great height yet standing two miles in compasse about This City by the Danish Rovers suffered such wrack that her mounted tops were never since seene and her Hulke the
Wales And upon what ground I know not let Lawyers dispute it the Inhabitants in some part of this Shire enjoy a private custome to this day that the goods and lands of Condemned Persons fall unto the Crown but only for a Yeare and a Day and then returne to the next Heyres contrary to the custome of all England besides 5 The generall Commodities of this Shire are Corne Iron and Wools all passing fine besides Pasturage Fruits and Woods which last are much lessened by making of Iron the only bane of Oke Elme and Beech. 6 These with all other provisions are traded thorow twenty five Market-Townes in this County whereof two are Cities of no small import The first is Glocester from whom the Shire taketh name seated upon Severne neere the middest of this Shire by Antonine the Emperour called Glevum built first by the Romans and set as it were upon the necke of the Silures to yoke them where their Legion called Colonia Glevum lay It hath been walled about excepting that part that is defended by the River the ruines whereof in many places appeare and some part yet standing doth well witnesse their strength This City was first won from the Britaine 's by Cheulin the first King of the West-Saxons about the yeare of Christ 570. and afterwards under the Mercians it flourished with great honour where Osrik King of Northumberland by the sufferance of Erhelred of Mercia founded a most stately Monastery of Nuns whereof Kineburgh Eadburgh and Eve Queenes of the Mercians were Prioresses successively each after other 7 Edelfled a most renowned Lady Sister to King Edward the elder in this City built a faire Church wherein her self was interred which being overthrowne by the Danes was afterwards rebuilt and made the Cathedrall of that See dedicated unto the honour of Saint Peter In this Church the unfortunate Prince King Edward the second under a Monument of Alablaster doth lye who being murdered at Barkley Castle by the cruelty of French Isabel his wife was there intombed And not far from him another Prince as unfortunate namely Robert Curthose the eldest sonne of William the Conquerour lyeth in a painted woodden Tombe in the middest of the Quire whose eyes were pluckt out in Cardiffe Castle wherein he was kept prisoner twenty six yeares with all contumelious indignities untill through extreame anguish he ended his life And before any of these in this City say our British Historians the body of Lucius our first Christian King was interred and before his dayes the Britaines Arviragus The graduation of this County I observe from this City whence the Pole is elevated in the degree of Latitude 52. and 14. minutes and in the Longitude from the West 18. and 5. minutes 8 The other City is Bristow faire but not very ancient built upon the Rivers Avon and Froâ—me for trade of Merchandize a second London and for beauty and account next unto Yorke This City standeth partly in this County and partly in Sommerset-shire but being a County of it selfe will acknowledge subjection to neither 9 A City more ancient hath been Circester by Ptolemy called Cerinium by Antonine Durocornovium by Giraldus Passerum Vrbem The Sparrowes City upon a flying report that Gurmund a Tyrant from Africke besieging this City tyed fire unto the wings of Sparrowes who lighting in the Towne upon light matter set flame upon all The circuit of whose walls extended two miles about wherein the Consular Port or wayes of the Romans met and crossed each other This City was won from the Britaine 's by Cheulin first King of the West-Saxons afterwards it was possessed by the Mercians and lastly by the Danes under Gurmund the former no doubt mistaken for him wherein a rable of them kept the space of a yeare Anno 879. and never since inhabited according to the circuit of her walles 10 Places of memorable note are these the Iland Alney neere unto Glocester wherein Edmund Iron-side the English and Canutus the Dane after many battels and blood fought in single combat hand in hand alone untill they compounded for the Kingdomes partition Barkley Castle where King Edward the second was thorow his fundament run into his bowels with a red burning Spit Tewkesbury the fatall period of King Henry the sixt his government and the wound of the Lancastrian Cause for in a battell there fought in Anno 1471. Prince Edward the only son of King Henry had his braines dashed out in a most shamefull manner the Queen his Mother taken prisoner and most of their favourites slaine and beheaded And at Alderley a little Towne standing eight miles from the Severne upon the hilles to this day are found Cockles Periwinkles and Oysters of solid stone which whether they have been Shel-fish and living creatures or else the sports of Nature in her workes let the Naturall Philosophers dispute of and judge 11 The places of piety set apart from other worldly Services and dedicated to religious uses by the devotions of Princes erected in this Shire were Tewkesbury Deorhust Glocester Minching Barkley Kingswood Circester Winchcombe and Hales which last was built with great cost by Richard Earle of Cornwall King of the Romans wherein himselfe and his Dutchesse were interred Their son Earle Edmund brought out of Germany the blood of Hales supposed and said to be part of that which Christ shed upon his Crosse. In this place with great confluence and devotions of Pilgrimage it was sought to and worshipped till time proved it a meere counterfeit when the glorious light of the Gospell revealed to eye-sight such grosse Idolatries and the skirts of Superstition were turned up to the shew of her owne shame 12 Dukes and Earles that have borne the title of Glocester the first of every Family are by their Armes and Names within the Card expressed ever fatall to her Dukes though the greatest in blood and birth The first was Thomas Woodstocke son to King Edward the third who in Callis was smoothered in a Feather-bed to death The second was Humfrey brother to King Henry the fift by the fraudulent practise of the malignant Cardinall and Queen made away at Saint Edmundsbury And the last was Richard brother to King Edward the fourth who by the just hand of God was cut off in battell by King Henry the seventh 13 This Shires division is principally into foure parts subdivided into thirty Hundreds and them againe into two hundred and eighty Parish-Churches whose names are inserted in the Table upon the other part of this Card. GLOCESTERSHIRE contriued into thirty thre seuerall hundreds those againe in to foure principall deuisions The Citie of Glocester Bristow discribed with the armes of such noble men as haue bene dignified with the titlles of Earles Dukes therof HUNDREDS in Glocester-shire 1. BErkley 2. Grombaldashe 3. Langley and Swinshed 4. Thornebury 5. Henbury 6. Pockle-Church 7. Kings Barton 8.
Slaugh Slaughter the upper Slaugh Slimbride berk Snowshull Kist. Sodbury little Gromb. Sodbury old Gromb. Solars brad Southam Cleeve Southorpe brit Southweeke Tew Standish Whitst. Stanley Kings Whitst. Stanley Leonard Whitst. Stanley Poutlarge Kist. Stanton briav Staunton Kist. Stanway Church Tew Stanway Wood Tew Stapleton barton Starton Dirh. Steanbridge bisl. Stinchcombe berk Stoke Kist. Stoke Bishops Henb. Stoke Gifford Henb. Stoke Lodge Henb. Stoke Orchard Cleeve Stone berk Stone-house Whitst. STOW on the Wowld Slaugh Stowell brad Stowicke Henb. Streatton Croth STROUD bisl. Stroud Flu. Suddington Langley Croth Sutton Glocest. Sutton under brayles Westm. Suilliat Flu. Swell the higher Kist. Swell the lesser Slaugh Swindon Chelt Syde Raps Synwell berk Syston Pockle T Tadilthorpe Slaugh Teintons botl TETBURY Longt. TEWEKEâ—BURY Tew THORNBURY Thorn Thormarton brad Throngham bâ—sl Tibberton botl Titherington Thorneb Tockington Lâ—â—g Toddenâ—aâ— West Todenham Kist. Toddington Tew Todington Kist. Tormerton Gromb. Torworth Gromb. Tuddington Kist. Tuffley Dudst. Tunley bisl. Turkedean brad Turfeild Gromb. Twiggeworth Dudst. Twinning Kist. Twyning Tew Treacle Westb Treddington Tew Tresham Gromb. Tyddenham West Tyrley Dirh. Tyrley West V Uckington Dirh. S. Vincents Râ—cke bart Vineyard Westmin Uley berk Upleadon botl Upton Longt. Upton S. Leonard Duâ—st Urcote Swin W Walford Kist. Walland Lang. Walton Tew Washborne Worcest Cou. Tew Wapliegh Gromb. Wanswell berk Waynlode-hill Glocest. Weeke Pock Welford Dirh. Westall Chelt Westbury West Westbury upon Triâ—n Henb. Westcott Slaugh Westerleygh Pockle Westington Kist. Weston Birt Long. Weston Regis Henb. Weston Lawrence Men. Weston under edge Kist. Whaddon Dudst. Whetenburst Whitst. Whitfeild West Whiteley Parke berk Whitmyster Whitst. Whittington brad Wickrissington Slaugh WICKWARRE Grom Wickwick Lang. Widford Glocest. Willersey Kist. WINCHCOMB Kist. Windridge Slaugh Windrush Flu. Windrush Slaugh Winston brad Winston bisl. Wintesborne Lang. WITCOMBE GREAT Dudst. Witcombe little Dudst. Withibridge West Woodchester Longt. Woodmancott Cleeve Woodmancott berk Woodmercott Raps Woolaston West Woolston Dirh. Wormington little Kist. Wortly berk Wotton Dudst. WOTTON underedge Wot Wowlsworth Longt. Wye Flu. Wyke Puck Wythington brad Y Yate Henb. Yate Gromb. Yartelton Hill botl Yeonworth brad HEREFORD-SHIRE formerly accounted within the limits of Wales lyeth circulated upon the North with Worcester and Shrop-shire upon the East with Malverne Hils is parted from Glocester-shire upon the South is kept in with monmouth-Monmouth-shire and upon the West in part with the Hatterall Hils is divided from Brecknok and the rest confined with Radnor shire 2 This Counties climate is most healthfull and temperate and soyle so fertile for Corn and Cattle that no place in England yeeldeth more or better conditioned sweet Rivers running as veynes in the body doe make the corne bearing grounds in some of her parts rightly to be termed the Gilden Vale and for Waters Wooll and Wheat doth contend with Nilus Colchos and Egypt such are Lemster and Irchenfeild the Banks of Wye Lug and Frome 3 The ancient people knowne to the Romanes whose power they well felt before they could subdue them were the Silurâ—s placed by Ptolemy in this Tract and branched further into Radnor Brecknok Monmouth and Glamorgan-shires at this day by us called South-Wales and by the Welsh Deheuharth Their Originall as Tacitus conjectureth by their site coloured countenances and curled haire was out of Spaine and as both he and Plinie describes them were fierce valiant and impatient of servitude which well they shewed under Caratacus their Captaine and nine yeeres scourge to the Romane assaulters for whose onely conquest and that made by treachery the Victor in Rome triumphed with more then a usuall Aspect and with so equall an hand bare the Scoale of Resistance that their owne Writers evermore terme it a dangerous Warre For the Legion of Marius Valens they put to flight and that with such havock of the Associates that Ostorius the Lieutenant of Britaine for very griefe gave up his ghost and Veranius under Nero assaulted them in vaine But when Vespasian was Emperour and expert Souldiers imployed into every Province Iulius Frontinus subdued those Silures unto the Romanes where continually some of their Legions afterward kept till all was abandoned in Valentinians time 4 The Saxons then made themselves Lords of this Land and this Province a part of their Mercians Kingdome yea and Sutton the Court of great Offa their King 5 But Hereford after raised of the ruines of old Artconium now Kenchester shaken in pieces by a violent earth-quake grew to great fame through a conceived sanctitie by the buriall of Ethelbert King of the East-Angles slaine at Sutton by Offa at what time he came thither to have espoused his Daughter whose grave was first made at Marden but afterwards canonized and removed to this City when in honour of him was built the Cathedrall Church by Milfrid a petty King of that Country which Grufsith Prince of South-Wales and Algar an Englishman rebelling against King Edward Confessor consumed with fire but by Bishop Reinelin was restored as now it is at what time the Towne was walled and is so remaining in good repaire having six gates for entrance and fifteen Watch-Towers for defence extending in compasse to fifteen hundred paces and whence the North-Pole is observed to be raised 52. deg 27. min in Latitude and is set from the first point of the West in Longitude 17. deg and 30. min. being yeerly governed by a Major chosen out of one and thirtie Citizens which are commonly called the Election and he ever after is known for an Alderman and clothed in Scarlet whereof foure of the eldest are Justices of Peace graced with a Sword-bearer a Recorder a Town-Clerke and foure Sergeants with Mace The greatest glory that this Citie received was in King Athelstans dayes where as Malmesbury doth report he caused the Lords of Wales by way of Tribute to pay yeerely besides Hawkes and Hounds twentie pound of Gold and three hundred pound of Silver by waight but how that was performed and continued I finde not 6 Things of rare note in this Shire are said to be Bone-well a spring not far from Richards Castle wherein are continually found little Fishes bones but not a fin seene and being wholly cleansed thereof will notwithstanding have againe the like whether naturally produced or in veynes thither brought no man knoweth 7 But more admirable was the work of the Omnipotent even in our own remembrances and yeere of Christ Jesus 1571. when the Marcley Hill in the East of this Shire rouzed it selfe out of a dead sleep with a roaring noise removed from the place where it stood and for three dayes together travelled from her first site to the great amazement and feare of the beholders It began to journey upon the seventh day of February being Saturday at six of the Clocke at night and by seven in the next morning had gone fortie paces carrying with it Sheepe in their coates hedge-rowes and trees whereof some were overturned and
to Long Compton in the South are miles thirty and three and the broadest part of this Shire is from Hewell grange in the West unto Hill-morton in the East distant asunder twenty-five miles the whole in circumference about one hundred thirty and five 3 This Shire is sited neere unto the heart of all England therfore participates with her in the best both for aire and soil wanting nothing for profit or pleasure for man The South part from Avon that runneth thorow the midst of this County is called the Feldon as more champion and tractable to be stirred for corn which yeerly yeeldeth such plentifull harvest that the husbandman smileth in beholding his pains the medowing pastures with their green mantles so imbrodred with flowers that frō Edg-hil we may behold another Eden as Lot did the Plain of Iordan before that Sodom fell The Woodland lieth upon the North of Avon so called in regard of the plenty of Woods which now are much thinner by the making of Iron the soil more churlish to yeeld to the Plough 4 The ancient people that possessed this Province are by Ptolemies descriptiō called the Cornavii wherin after were seated the Mercian Saxons a part of whose Kingdome it was greatly sought after by the West Saxons whose King Cuthred about the year of Christ Jesus 749. in battle slew Ethelbald at Seckington neere unto Tamworth And not farre from thence King Edward 4. as unfortunately sought against that stout make-king Richard Nevil Earle of Warwicke neere unto which upon Blacklow hill Pierce Gaveston that proud and new raised Earle of Cornwal was beheaded by Guy Earle of Warwick assisted with the Earls of Lancaster and Hereford And surely by the testimony of Iohn Rosse and others this County hath been better replenished with people who maketh complaint of whole townships depopulations altogether laid waste by a puissant Armie of feeding sheep 5 Notwithstanding many faire Towns it hath and some of them matchable to the most of England The chief thereof is Coventree a City both stately for building and walled for defence whose Citizens having highly offended their first Lord Leofricke had their priviledges infringed themselves oppressed with many heavy tributes whose wife Lady Godiva pitying their estates uncessantly sued for their peace and that with such importunacy as hardly could be said whether was greater his hatred or her love at last overcome with her continuall intercessions he granted her suit upon an uncivil and as he thought an unacceptable cōdition which was that she should ride naked thorow the face of the City and that openly at high noon-day This notwithstanding she thankfully accepted performed the act accordingly enjoyned for this Lady Godiva stripping her self of all rich attire let loose the tresses of her faire haire which on every side so covered her nakednesse that no part of her body was uncivill to sight whereby she redeemed their former freedoms and remission of such heavy tributes Whose memory I wish may remain honorable in that City for ever her pity followed by such possessing Ladies This City had grant to chuse their yeerly Magistrates a Maior two Bailiffes and to build about and embattle a wall by K. Edward 3. whom Henry 6. corporated a County of it self changed the names of their Bailiffs unto Sheriffs and the wals then were built as they now stand thorow which open 13. gates for entrance besides 18. other Towers thereon for defence At Gofford gate in the East hangeth the shield-bone of a wild Bore farre bigger then the greatest Oxebone with whose snout the great pit called Swanswel was turned up and was slain by the famous Guy if we will beleeve report 6 Next unto this City in account commerce is Warwick upon the North-west banke of Avon built by Gurgunstus the sonne of Beline as Iohn Rosse Monk of the place saith 375. yeares before the birth of Christ by Ninius called Caer-Guaruic and Caerleon by the Saxons Warryng-wyc and by learned Cambden judged to be PRAESIDIUM the Roman Garisons Towne The situation of this place is most pleasant upon a hill rising from the River over which is a strong and faire Stone-bridge and her sharpe streame upon the Towne side checked with a most sumptuous and stately Castle the decayes whereof with great cost and curious buildings the right worthy Knight Sir Foulke Grivel in whose person shineth all true vertue and high nobilitie hath repaired whose merits to me-ward I do acknowledge in setting this hand free from the daily imployments of a manual trade and giving it full libertie thus to expresse the inclination of my mind himselfe being the Procurer of my present estate It seemeth this Town hath been walled about as appeareth by the Trench in some places seen and two very faire gates whose passages are hewed out of the Rock as all other into the Town are over whom two beautifull Chapels are built that towards the East called S. Peters and that on the South-west S. Iames. Two faire Churches are therein seated called S. Maries and S. Nicholas but these in and about the Towne suppressed S. Laurence S. Michaels Iohn Baptist and Iohn of Ierusalem beside the Nunnery in the North of the Town whose North-Pole is elevated in Latitude 52. degrees 45. minutes and is seated from the first point in the west of Longitude 18. degrees and 45. minutes being yearly governed by a Bailiffe twelve Brethren twenty-foure Bugesses for Common Counsel a Rocorder a Town-clerke and one Sergeant their Attendant 7 Places of most memorable note observed in this Shire are Shugbury where the precious stone Astroites is found Of-Church which was the Palace of great Off a the Mercian and the buriall-place of S. Fremund his sonne Chesterton where the famous Fosse-way is seen At Leamington so far from the Sea a Spring of Salt-water boileth up and at Newenham Regis most soveraigne water against the Stone Greene wounds Vlcers and Impostumes and drunk with Salt looseth but with Sugar bindeth the body and turneth wood into stone as my selfe saw by many sticks that therein were fallen some part of them Ash and some part of them Stone and Guy-cliffe where the famous Earle Guy after many painfull exploits atchieved retired and unknown led an Hermits life and was lastly there buried 8 The chiefest commodities in this County growing are corn wherof the Red-horse Vale yeeldeth most abundantly wools in great plenty woods and iron though the producer of the one will be the destuction of the other Such honorable Families as have bin dignified with the Earldome of this Shire-townes name since the Normans Conquest in the Map it selfe are inserted and by their severall names expressed This County is strengthened with eight strong Castles traded with fifteen Market-towns inriched with many faire buildings and by the devotion of many Nobles had many foundations of religious Monasteries therein laid The chiefe were at Stoneley Warwick
10. Fansley 11. Newbottlegrove 12. Spelhoe 13. Hamfordshoe 14. Highamferyes 15. Wymersley 16. Towcester 17. Warden 18. Norton 19. Cleley 20. Sutton A Abbington Spel. Acâ—urch Navisford Addington great Hux. Addington little Hux. Adston Norton Adthorpe Tow. Aldrington Cle. Althorpe New Apethorpe Willi. Archester High Ardingworthâ— Roth. Armelton Polb Artleboro Hux. Ashbie cold Guil. Ashbie cannones Nort. Ashbie Leyors Faust. Ashbie Oneeres Ham. Ashlie Cor. Ashton Cle. Ashton Pol. Ashton Nass Ashton War Ashtree War Aslael Sut. Aubery hill Fausl. Avon-well Roth. Ayner Sut. B Badby Faus Baddington Nass Badston Sut. Barbie Faus Barnack Nass Barnwell S. Andrewes Pol. Barton Ham. Barton Segrave Hux. Basset Sutton Cor. Baynton Nas. Beckie weedon Faus Benifeld Pol. Billing great Spel. Billing little Spel. Bladerwick Cor. Blakesley Nor. Blysworth Wym Boddingtones War Botheresthorpe Wym Boughton Hux. Bowden little Roth. Boziet High Barbrooke Roth. BRACKLEY Sut. Braddyn Nort. Brampton Cor. Bramptones New Bramston Faus Braynfeild Wym Bringtones New Brixtoke Cor. Brixworth Orl. Brockhold New Bromfeild High Broughton Orl. Buckby long Guil. Buckton Spâ—l Bugbroke New Bullwick Cor. Burecote Tow. Burghley Nas. Burnewell Al-saints Hux. Buton Lattmer Hux. Byfeild War C Caldecon High Caldecote Tow. Capes preston Faus Carleton Cor. Castle Ashbie Wym Castor Nas. Catesbie Faus Chalcombe Sut. Charleton Sut. Charwell Flu. Charwelton Faus Chelveston High Cheney middleton Sut. Chipping Warden War Clapton Nau. Claylaton Guil. Cliffe parke Wil. Clipstonn Roth. Cognihey Wym Collingtree Wym Colliweston Wil. Corby Cor. Coughton Sut. Cosgrave Cle. Costhorpe Nas. Cottesbrooke Guil. Cottestocke Wil. Cottingham Cor. Cotton end Wym Courten hall Wym Cranford Hux. Craneseley Orl. Creton Guil. Cricke Guil. Croughton Sut. Culworth Sut. D Daddington Ham Dallington New Danes more Waâ— DAVINTREE Faus Dene Cor. Denethorpe Cor. Denford Hux. Denshanger Cle. Deping east Nas. Desborowe Roth. Deynton Wym Dingely Cor. Dodferd Faus Dodington Wil. Dowbridge Guild Draughton Roth. Dunston New E Eastfeild Nas. Easton Wil. Easton maudall High Eaton Spel. Ecton High Edgecote War Elton Wil. Emington Pol. Eston Cle. Etton Nas. Evenlie Sut. Everdons Faus Eya Nas. Eydon War Eylesworth Nas. F Farnedon Roth. Fanesley Faus Farthingston Faus Favill weston Spel. Faxton Orl. Femingho Sut. Fine New Finshedd Cor. Flackleton Wym Flower New Fortherninghay Wil. Fortherninghay park W. Further Cle. Fynford Sut. G Gayton Tow. Geddington Cor. Glapthorne Wil. Glinton Nas. Grafton underwood Hux. Grafton Regis Cle. Greves norton Nort. Gretton Cor. Gryndon Wym Grymscott â—ow Grytworth War Gulbries yardley Cle. Guilesborowe Guil. Gunthorpe Nas. H Haddon East New Haddon West Guil. Hanging Houghton Orling Hardingston Wym Hardwick Orling Hardwyll Cle. Hargrave High Harington Roth. Haringworth Cor. Harleston New Harpole New Harrendon great Orling Harrendon little Orling Hastings yordley Wym Hasseboche Roth. Havington Orling Hellinden Faus Helmedon Sut. Hemmyngton Pol. Helpeston Nas. Hetherwest Cle. Heryfords New Higham cold Tow. HIGHAM FERYES H. Hisham Orling Holdenby New Holcott Ham. Hoothorpe Roth. Houghton great Wym Houghton little Wym Horton Wym Hulcot Cle. Hynton Sut. I S. James New Imley Sut. Irlingborough Hux. Islippe Hux. K Kellemarshe Roth. KETTER Hux. Killingburye New Kings Sut. Kingestorpe Spel. Kingscliff Wil. Kirkby Cor. Killesbies Faust. L Langport Orling Laxston Cor. Lillford Hux. Lillingston Lovell Cle. Loddington Roth. Longthorpe Nas. Lubnam Thorpe Roth. Luddington Pol. Luffwick Hux. Lutton Wâ—l Lyfden Navis Lyfeild Navis Lylborne Guil. Lytchbarrow Faust. M Maidwell Roth. Maiser Thorpe Roth. Mandevill Thorpe Sut. Marham Nas. Marston Laurenes Sut. Marston Trussell Roth. Maxey Castle Nas. Maydford Nort. Middleton Cheney Sut. Middleton Cor. Moulton Spel. Morton Pynchney Nort. Mylton Wym Mylton Nas. N Nasebye Guil. Nassington Wil. Nerboro Nas. Newarke Nas. Newbottle New Newbottle Sut. Newnham Fausl. Newton High Newton Cor. Newton wood Wil. NORTHAMPTON N. Norburghe Nas. Norton Fausl. Nyne Flu. O Ocley great Cor. Ocley little Cor. Oldwincle Hux. Orlingburie Orl. Onlie Fausl. Orton Roth. Overcote Fausl. Overton Spel. OVNDLE Pol. Oxenden great Roth. Oxney Nas. P Pantlerspurie Cle. Passengham Cle. Paston Nas. Patteshall Tow. Peakirke Nas. PETERBVRGH Nas. Pilkton Navis Pillesgate Nas. Pipwell Cor. Polbrooke Pol. Potterspurie Cle. Preston Wym Preston Capes Fausl. Pyddington Wym Pynckney Morton Nort. Pysforde Spel. Pytchley Orling Q Quynton Wym R Radston Sut. Raunsthorpe Spel. Raundes High Ringsted High Rockingham Cor. Rockingham forest Cor. Rode Cle. Rothewell Roth. Rusheden High Rushton Roth. S Sawcey forrest Wym Scaldwell Orling Sibbertost Roth. Singlesale Nas. Slayton Nort. Slipton Hux. Sowthorpe Nas. Spratton Spel. Stamford Wil. Stanford Guil. Stanwick High Stanyone Cor. Staverton Fausl. Steane Sut. Stoke Albony Cor. Stoke Bruerne Cle. Stoke dayly Navis Stowe Fausl. Stuttesburie Sut. Stoyxton High Sudborow Hux. Sulbye Guil. Sulgrave War Suly lodge Nas. Suthwicke Wil. Sutton Nas. Sutton Basset Cor. Syersan Sut. Sylverton Nort. Sylverton Cle. Sywell Ham. T Tansover Wil. Thingdon Hux. Thornebie Thornehawe Nas. Thorney mill Nas. Thorpe Navis Thorpe Lubnam Roth. Thorpe underwood R. THRAPSTON Navis Thurnyng Pol. Titchmarsh Navis Titon New TOWCESTER Tow. Trafford War Trussell marston Roth. Twywell Hux. Tyffeild Tow. V Vfford Nas. Vxton Nas. Vpton New W Waddenhoe Naâ— Wakenley Cor. Walgrave Orl. Walmesford Nas. Walton Nas. Walton Nas. Wappenham Sut. Warkton Hux. Warkworth Sut. Warmington Wil. Warmington Pol. Watford Guil. Weedon Nort. Weedon beckie Faus Weekely Cor. Weland Flu. Weldon great Cor. Weldon little Cor. WELLINGBOROVGH H. Welton Faus Werington Nas. Weston Nort. Weston Cor. Weston favill Spel. Whilton New Whiston Wym Whitfeild Sut. Whitleburye Nort. Whittlewood forest N. Wickiie Cle. Wigesthorpe Hux. Wickins Cle. Wil bee Ham. Wilbaston Cor. Wilford Guil. Winwicke Pol. Wittering Nas. Wittering heath Nas. Wood newton Wil. Woodcroft Nas. Woodend Nort. Woodford War Woodford Hux. Woollaston High Wotton Wym Wowld Orl. Wynwick Guil. Y Yardley gubbens Cle. Yardley hastings Wym Yarwell Wil. Yelvertost Guil. HUNTINGTON-SHIRE of olde Hundedunescyre part of the Iceni under the Romane Monarch of Mercia in the Saxon Heptarchy is severed with Nene the North-bounder from Northampton-shire to which it in part adjoyneth West from Bedford and Cambridge by mearing Towns on the South and from Ely by a sence of water East the worke of Nature Benwicke Streame or of Art Canuius Deâ—â—h severed when Alfred or before him Ossa shared the open circuit of their Emperie into Principalities that by residency of subordinate rule Peace at home might be maintained Forraigne offence by apt assembly of the Inhabitants resisted Taxe and Revenew of the Crown laid more evenly and easierly levied Justice at mens doores with lesse charge and journey administred all causes Civill having a right and speedy dispatch in the Countie of Earles monethly Court as Criminall in his Lieutenant the Sheriffes Turn twice a yeare In forme of a Loâ—eng this Shire lyeth of positure temperate and is 52. degrees 4. scruples removed from the Aâ—quator the Hilly Soyle to the Plough man gratefull the Vale contiguous to the Fennes best for Pasture in which to no part of England it giveth
Enas 69 Cantreu Coch or Forrest Avena the Forrest of Deane 70 21 The last is Brecknock-shire for the most part full of mountaines woods and rivers This Countrey is both great and large being full of faire Plaines and Vallyes for Corne it hath plentie of thicke VVoods Forrests and Parkes It is full also of cleare and deepe Rivers of which Severne is the chiefest although there be other faire Rivers as Vske and the like Brychee vioc 20 Can. Selyf Cwm. Selyf 71 Trahayarne 72 21 Can. Canawl Cwm. Talgarth 73 Ystrat yw 74 Eglwys Iaiil or Brwynllys 75 22 Can. Mawr Cwm. Tir Ranwlff al. Raulph 76 Lliwel 77 Cruc Howel 30. 78 22 Thus farre concerning the ancient Welsh division by Talaiths Cantreves and Commots but the present division distributeth them more compendiously into two Countries and twelve Shires enacted so by Parliament under King Henry the eight The Countries are North-wales and South-wales which have shared and as it were devoured between them all Powys-land each of which Countries containes sixe Shires North-wales Angelesey South-wales Caerdigan North-wales Caernarvon South-wales Pembroke North-wales Merionyth South-wales Carmarden North-wales Denbigh South-wales Glamorgan North-wales Flint South-wales Brecknocke North-wales Montgomery South-wales Radnor But whereas monmouth-Monmouth-shire and Radnor were anciently parts the first of South-wales the other of Powys-land monmouth-Monmouth-shire by Act of Parliament also under the same King was pluckt away wholly from Wales and laid to England one of whose Counties and Shires it was from that time forward and is at this present reckoned and Radnor-shire as it were in lieu thereof is comprehended in South-wales Humphrey Hluyd a Welsh Gentleman in his Epistle and Map of old Wales maketh mention of a West-wales which he calleth Demetia and Dyfer the one the Latine and the other the British name thereof but because it is wholly swallowed up by this last division we will not perplexe the Reader with superfluous and impertinent recitals PEMBROKE-SHIRE CHAPTER III. PEMBROKE-SHIRE the furthest Promontorie of all West-Wales lieth parted on the North from Cardigan-shire with the Rivers Tyuy and Keach and on the East is confronted by Caermarden-shire the South and West shooting farre into the Irish Seas is with the same altogether washed 2 The forme thereof is longer then it is broad for from S. Gouens South-point to Cardigan-bridge in the North are twenty sixe miles the Easterne Landenie to Saint Davids point in the West are twenty the whole in circumference is ninety-three miles 3 The ayre is passing temperate by the report of Giraldus who confirmeth his reason from the site of Ireland against which it butteth and so neer adjoyned that King Rufus thought it possible to make a bridge of his ships over the Sea whereby he might passe to Ireland on foot 4 Anciently it was possessed by the Demetia further branched into Cardigan and Caermarden-shires as in that County hath beene said and in the Saxons Conquest and Heptarchie by the Britaine 's forced into those parts for refuge whither Henry the first and third of the Normans King sent certaine Flemings whose Countrey was overwhelmed with the breaking in of the Seas to inhabit the maritime Tract called Rosse lying West upon the River Dougledye These Dutchmen saith Giraldus were a strong and stout Nation inured to warres and accustomed to seeke gaine by Clothing Traffique and Tillage and ever ready for the Field to fight it out adding withall that they were most loyall to the English and most faithfull to the English-men Whereupon Malmesbury writeth thus Many a time did King William Rufus assaile the Welsh but ever in vain which is to be wondred at considering his other fortunate successe But saith he it may be the unevennesse of the ground and sharpnesse of the aire that maintained their courage and impeached his valour which to redresse King Henry his brother found means for those Flemings who in regard of his mothers kindred by the Fathers side sorely pestred and endammaged the English he sent into Wales both to purge and disburden his own Kingdome and to quell and keepe backe the courage of his enemies These then here seated deceived not his expectation but so carried themselves in his quarrell that they seldome communicated with their neighbors so that to this day they speake not the Language and the Countrey is yet called Little England beyond Wales 5 The commodities of this Shire are Corne Cattle Sea-fish and Fowle and in Giraldus his daies of saleable wines the Havens being so commodious for ships arrivage such is that at Tenby and Milford an Haven of such capacitie that sixteene Creeks five Bayes and thirteene Roads known all by severall names are therein contained where Henry of Richmond of most happy memory arrived with signall hopes of Englands freedom from under the government of an usurping Tyrant 6 Neer unto this is Pembroke the Shire-towne seated more ancient in shew then it is in years and more houses without Inhabitants then I saw in any one City throughout my Survey It is walled longwise and them but indifferent for repair containing in circuit eight hundred and fourescore pases having three gates of passage and at the West end a large Castle and locked-causey that leads over the water to the decaied Priorie of Monton The site of this Towne is in the degree of Longitude as Mercator doth measure 14. and 55. minutes and the elevation from the North-pole in the degree of Latitude 52. 7 A City as barren is old Saint Davids neither clad with Woods nor garnished with Rivers nor beautified with fields nor adorned with Meadows but lieth alwaies open both to winde and stormes Yet hath it been a Nursery to holy men for herein lived Calphurnius a Britaine Priest whose wife was Concha sister to Saint Martin and both of them the parents of Saint Patricke the Apostle of Ireland Deui a most religious Bishop made this an Archiepiscopall See removed from Isca Legionum This the Bitaines call Tuy Dwey the house of Deui the Saxons Dauyo Mynden we Saint Davids A Citie with few Inhabitants no more houses then are inserted in the draught yet hath it a faire Cathedrall Church dedicated to S. Andrew and David in the middest of whose Quier lieth entombed Edmund Earle of Richmond father to K. Henry the seventh whose Monument as the Prebends told me spared their Church from other defacements when all went down under the hammers of King Henry the eight About this is a faire wall and the Bishops Palace all of free stone a goodly house I assure you and of great receit whose uncovered tops cause the curious workes in the walles daily to weepe and them to feare their downfall ere long 8 But Monton the Priory and S. Dogmels places of devout piety erected in this Countie found not the like favour when the commission of their dissolutions came down against them and the axes of destruction
Henry the seaventh 101.7 His tomb ibid. Saint Edmunds bury how named in the Saxons time 33.6 Saint Edmunds-Bury Abbey and Towne praised ibid. King Edward the second first of the English Race Prince of Wales 123.6 Murdered by the meanes of Isabel his wife 47.7 Enterred in Glocest. Church where his Monument remaineth ibid. Einesbury alias Arnulphsbury 58.10 Elden hole 67.8 Eleanor wife to King Edward the first commended 63.7 Eleanor widow to King Henry the third becommeth a Nunne 25.9 Elfred or Alfred the first that divided his Kingdomes into Shires 3 4. 5 His noble care in restoring the Vniversitie of Oxford 45 7 Elie 37.5 Ella King of Northumberland slaine 78.9 Elmet 78.10 Elmham a Bishops See 35.8 Emerill stone found in Garnsey 94.6 England on this side Humber how divided into Hides 3.3 Little England beyond Wales 101.4 England shared into Principalities by whom and to what purpose 57.30 Enis-Kelling a strong Fort in Vlster 145.9 Eorles i. Earles 4.7 11 Erdini people in Ireland 145 5 Erminstreet 37.7 Essex why so named 31.1 The forme and dimension 1.2 How bounded ibid. 3 The aire and soile 31.4 The ancient Inhabitants 31.5 What commodities it yeeldeth 31.6 What religious houses therein 31.9 Hundreds and townes therein 32 Excester Citie whence it named that name 19 6 It was a Dukedom Marquisate and Earledome 19 8 The description thereof 19 6 Her magnificent Cathedrall Church by whom built ibid. The Bishops See ibid. It withstood the Saxons 465 yeares ibid. How valiant against all her Sieges ibid. VVhat losses it hath felt ibid. Resisted William Conquerour till the walles fell downe ibid. How loyall to King Edward the sixt ibid. The Climate thereof ibid. How governed ibid. The birth-place of the matchlesse Poet Iosephus Isanus ibid. Exchequer Court first erected 5.3 Exmore Monuments in Devon-shire 19.7 F Falmouth Haven commended 21.7 Farne Isle how bounded 93 The form aire soile and commodities ibid. Feldon or Felden a part of Warwick-shire 53.3 Finborow a Citie where now the Chamber in the Forrest 73.7 Fingall King of Man 9.2 Rich. Fitz-Ralph against Mendicant Friers 145.9 Flamins and Arch-Flamins 6.5 Their places converted into Bishops Sees ibid. Flavia Caesariensis a part of Britaine why so called 2.15 How limited 2.16 Fleg a part of Norfolke 35.1 Flemins inhabiting Rosse in Wales 101.4 Flint-shire how bounded and of what form 121.1 The dimension ibid. 2 The aire and Climate 121 3. 4 The commodities 121.5 The ancient Inhabitants 121.6 Hundreds and Townes there 122 Flint castle by whom founded and finished 121.7 The graduation thereof ibid. Flodden-field 89 10 Foelix Bishop of Dunwich 35.8 A Font of solide brasse 39.5 Forrest both name and thing whence it came 57.2 Forrest justice 57. â— Forresters office ibid. Fotheriaghay Castle and Collegiate Church 55.8 Fouldage in Norfolke what it is 35.2 Fountain ebbing and slowing 85.9 Fountaines Abbey 77.7 Freshwater Isle 15.14 Friburgi 57.4 G Gallena See Wallingford Galloglasses what they are 138.19 Galloway County how commodious 143.4 Galway the third City in Ireland and an Episcopall See 143.6 Gangani a people in Ireland 143.5 Gaothel with his wife Scota come into Ireland 137 11 Garnsay Island how it is situate 94.1 The dimension thereof ibid. The forme of it 942. Sometime called Sarnia 94.1 The government originall and language of the Inhabitants 94 5 8 Market-Townes Castles and Parishes therein 94 8 No Toade Snake or venomous creature there 94.3 Order of the Garter 27.8 Gateshed 89.8 Pierce Gaveston beheaded 53.4 Gessrey ap Arthur of Monmouth why so called 107.4 Geese where they sail as they slie 81.6 Saint Germane confuteth the Pelagian Heresie 77.7 Hâ— sinâ—ieth at Oxford 45.7 Giants teeth and bones digged up 31.8 Giants dance translated out of Leinster to Salisbury Plaine by Merlin 141.14 Gildas the old Britaine Student in Oxford 45.7 Gilling Monastery 79.5 Gisburg Abbey 81.8 Glamorgan-shire how limited 100.19 109.1 What Cantreves and Commots it hath 100 19 The forme and measure of iâ— 105.2 The aire and soile thereof 105.3 The Commodities it standeth upon 10â— 3 Castles and religious houses in it 105.8 Hundreds Townes and memorable places therein 106 Glastenbury Abbey first begunne by Ioseph of Arimathea 23.9 Glocester-shire how it is bounded 47.1 The dimension of it 47.2 The forme aire and soile 47.3 The commodities thereof 47.3 5 By whom in ancient time inhabited 47.4 Hundreds and Towns therein 48 Glocester Citie how called in old time 47.6 A Cathedrall See 47.7 The graduation of it ibid That Dukedome fatall ever to her Dukes 47 11 Godiva Earle Leofrikes wife released Coventry of Tributes by riding naked thorow it 53.5 Godmanchester or Gormanchester 107.4 Godred the sonne of Syrricke King of Man 92.1 His death 92.2 Godred Crovan warreth upon the Manksmen 92.3 Conquereth the Isle of Man and is King 92.3 Buried in Ila an Island ibid. Godred sonne of Olave King of Man 92.7 King of Dublin 92.7 He vanquished and slew Osibeley 92.7 Hee tyrannizeth in Man ibid. Put to slight by Summerled 92.7 King of the Isles also 92.9 His death buriall and issue ibid. Godred Don sonne of Reginald King of the Islands slaine 92.10 Goodwin Sands dangerous shelves 7.6 Gog-Magog 21.1 Gog-Magog hilles 37.7 Grantbridge 37.4 Grantcester an ancient Citie 37.4 Arthur Baron Grey suppresseth Desmonds Rebellion 139.9 Gromebridge in Sussex 9.8 Grounds in the Irish Sea what they be 141.7 Grounds made fruitfull with burning ashes 119 4 Guartiger Maur 111.5 Gwent a part of South-Wales now monmouth-Monmouth-shire how confined 100.20 How it is divided into Cantreves and Commots ibid. Guith i. the Isle of Wight 15.7 Guy of Warwicke beheadeth Piers of Gaveston 53.4 Guy-Cliffe 53.7 Guorong the Lieutenant of Kent 7.11 H Hadrians Wall limiting the Romane Province in England 6.9 Hadriaâ— 4. Pope where borne and his death 36.6 Hales Monastery 47.11 Blood of Hales ibid. Halifaâ— a great Parish why so called 77.8 Halifas Law ibid. Haly-werke folke 83.6 Hant-shire how bordered upon 13.1 The dimension thereof 13 2 The aire and soil thereof 13.3 4 What Havens Creekes and Casâ—les it hath 13.5 By what people inhabited in old time 13.6 What commodities it yeeldeth 13.8 What Religious Houses Hundreds and Townes therein 13.11 Hardy-Canute his death 11.6 Lord â—ohn Harrington Baron of Exton 59.5 His draught of Rutland-shiâ—â— ibid. Harbâ—h a great towne in Merioâ—th-shire 99.10 Harbâ—h towne castle 117.6 The position thereof 117.7 Harod Godwins sonne King of England vanquisheth Harold Harfager King of Norway 92.1 Harold Olaves sonne King of Man drowned in a tempest 92.12 Havering how it tooke name 31.9 Hawadâ—n Castle 121.7 Heglâ—andmen 2.12 Heil Saxon Idol 17.6 Helbâ—ks 79.3 Hellâ—ettles 83.7 Helâ—et of gold digged up in Liâ—oln-shire 63.6 Henâ—st beheaded 78.10 Henâ— Prince of Wales Duke of â—ornwall Englands great hoâ— 21.6 Henâ— Prince of Scotland haâ—y escapeth death at the sieâ— of Ludlow 71.6 Heâ— the 4. Emperour of Amaine buried in Saint Wâ—burgs Church at Chesteâ— 73.7 Phil Herbert first
Buckingham Recorders of Stafford Thomas Werswick Leichfield Iohn Rosse An. D. 606. An. D. 676. An. D. 718. An. 1148. Houses of Religion Castles Alton Carswall Chesterton Madeley Chatley Stafford Leichfield Tamworth Hely Newcastle Duddeley Tutbury Eccleshall The Saxonish names of this Shire The limits The forme Aire Soyle Severne Severne once the bounds of the North-Britaines Ordovices Caractacus Caer-Caradoc Cornavii This Shire a part of the Mercian Kingdome Henry the second Sir Hubert S. Clerc Henry Prince of Scotland King Stephen shrop-Shrop-shire the Marches of England and Wales King Henry the seaventh Prince Arthur King Henry the eight Shrewsbury the chiefe Towne Commodities Strength for warlike defence Magistracie Graduation Roxalter * Berry a Citie famous in Arthur dayes Castles 1. Whittenton 2. Ellismere 3. Oswestree 4. Wem 5. Red-castle 6. Morton-Corbeti 7. Knockin 8. Shrawerdon 9. Watlesburgh 10. Rowton 11. Brocard 12. Cause 13. Ponderbach 14. Atton-Burnell 15. Carleton 16. Dalaley 17. Tong. 18. Bridgnorth 19. Howgate 20. Bramcroft 21. Corsham 22. Clebery 23. Ludlow 24. Shipton 25. Hopton 26. Clâ—n 27 Newcastle 28. Bishopscastle 29. Bruges 30. Shrewesbury 31. Holgod 32. Lavemuste The borders of Chesse-shire The forme The Ayre and Climate The Soyle The ancient Inhabitants CORNAVII CANGI Tacit. Annal. lib. 12. cap. 8. * Chester Romans Saxons Annal. Britan. Cheshire made a Principality Nic. Trevet A. D. 1255. The Gentility of Chesse-shire Cheshire chiefe of men Cheshire women very faire Ranulph Cest. lib. 1. cap. 48. An. Do. 70. Hen. Bradshaw Chester described The Minster built Henry the 4. Emperour of Almaine buried in S. Wereburgs Eadesburg Finborow Eadgar triumph Marianuâ— Scotâ—â— Ioh Fik. Wil Malmes Ran. Higden Roger Hoven Alfrid Beverid Flores Hist. The Causey The Earles The confines Forme Dimensitie Ayre Soyle Commodities Woods carefully preserved in this Shire The old Inhabitantâ— Roman Saxon. Dane Norman Manchester Riblechester Lancaster more pleasant then full of people The grant of King Edward the third unto the Towne of Lancaster It is severed in some places by the force of the Sea Winander-mere It was last made subject to the West-Saxon Monarchy Arthur put to flight the Saxons Duke Wade put to the worst The civil wars of Yorke and Lancaster Their happy conjunction Castles Hundreds Market towns Parishes The benefits of Antiquitie Yorkeshire a great Province Mens affections most set to moderne matters Yorkeshire how bounded Full of Trees How bounded North. East West South Humber Yorkeshire divided West-Riding East-Riding North-Riding The Soile The Antiquities Columnes Altars Bricâ—es Abbeys Whitby Bolton Kirkstall S. Maries in Yorke Fountaines Monast. Saint Wilfrid Drax. Selby Causes of diminishing Church-livings Memorable places Halifax Pomfret Yorke Citie Yorke a pleasant Citie Egbert Arch-â—ishop of York Rich. the third Hen the eight Severus Empeâ—our Goddesse Bellona Constantius surnamed Chlorus Osbright and Ella Athâ—lstan The Citizens cost since Will. Conquerour The Magistracie of Yorke Citie The Battles Conisborough Aurelius Ambrosius Kirkstall Casterford Palme-Sunday Battle Lancastrians put to flight Places of other note Giggleswicke S. Wilfrids Needle Constantius Sepulchre An ancient Romane custome Yorkâ—shire delightfull The bounds of the West-Riding The Ayre The Sâ—yle Copper Lead Stone-Coale Lead-Oare Inhabitants Richmond the câ—iefe towne The occasion of building it Oswy King of Northumberland The Mâ—giâ—trâ—cie of Richmond The graduation Matters memorablâ— A Copper Mine Cockles on the top of the Mountaines Swale River Paulinus Archbishop of York Places of Antiquitie Bayntbridge Bowes or Levatrae A Thracian Cohort there Exploratores band there Spittle Maiden Castle Burgh Aurelius Commodus Statue Catarick Religious Houses Richmond Coverâ—ham Fois Ignorance Fâ—ith Castles Market towns The bounds of the North and East-Ridings The Aire The Soile and other Commodities Hâ—rrings Kingstone upon Hull Stock-fish Beverly a Sanctuary Places where are stones found like Serpents Where Geese fall Where a Sea-man was câ—ught Water for diseased eyes Black Amber or Jette Round stones with stone-Serpents in them The Battle of Battlebridge The Battle of the Standard David King of Scots Mowbray King Henry the second Religious houses Dunsley Gisburgh Kirkham Deirwaâ—d Market-Townes The bounds of this Province The Forme The Dimensitude The Ayre The Soyle Coale-pits Cambden The ancient Inhabitants The priviledge of this people S. Cuthbert The devotion of divers kings to S. Cuthbert Beda his tomb The Monks idlenesse the cause of their overthrow Hell-kettles A salt proceeding of stones Binchester Condercum Castles Hilton Branspâ—th Raâ—ye Durham Lumlâ—y Waâ—ton Baâ—nard The bounds of Westmorland The Length The Bredth The Forme The Soyle Inhabitants Commodities Kendale the chiefe Town Earles of Kendale The Magistracy of Kendale Graduation of it Places of chief 〈◊〉 verterae Apelby Roman Coyns here sound Sessions at Apelby Castle A Romane Station at 〈◊〉 King Iohn One House of Religion Notes of Anquitie Amble side The River Caâ— The Commodities of it Market towns Cumberlands bounds The forme The Ayre The Commodities The ancient Inhabitants Marian Scotus King Edmund King Stephens gift to the Scots Henry the Second Oliver S. Clere. Iames the sixt King of Scotland Carlile the chiefe Citie Edward the First Castles 1. Bâ—w 2. Askirton 3 Scalâ—y 4. Nowath 5. Castlesteed 6. Castle-carock 7 Corhy 8 Lyndstok 9. Rawcliffe 10 Drumbugh 11. Aâ—â—allwat 12. The Roseca 13 Highâ—ate 14 Wulsly 15. Cladâ—k 16. Haton 17 Grastok 18. Pemeth 19 Daker 20. Pape Cast. 21. Cokermouth 22. Werkinton 23 Hay 24 Egremand 25. Millum The bounds of Northumberland The Forme The Aire The Soyle Inhabitants Commodities New-castle A rich towne The occasion of naming it New-castle Richard the second Henry the sixt Barwick The situation of Barwick The Governour Battels in this Country Battels at Otterburne Anwick Brumridge Flodden-field Hexam Dilston Antiquities Halyston Busy-gap Light Horsemen A Martiall kinde of men Morpeth Market-towns Diversitie of names Forme Dimensitie Aire Soile Oaten-bread Commodities Freedom from vexation in Lawing The Magistrates manner of warrant for summoning a partie before him Bala-Curi the Bishops palace Religiousnesse of the people Matters worthy of note The womens girdles when they go abroad The manner of death for Malefactors The partition of this Isle 1 Syrric King of Man 2 Fingall 3 Godred Crovan King 4 Lagman King 5 Dopnald King 6 Olave King 7 Godred the second King 8 Raignald King of Man 9 Olave the second King 10 Harrold King of Man 11 Raignald the second King 12 Magnus King of Man Beda in the life of Cuthbert Verstegan lib. Restâ—s cap. 5. Offa made Mâ—ar between his Kingdome and Wales The breadth and length of Wales Rodericus Magnus divided it into three Regions Ann. Christ. 870. * Shrewsbury * D. Powel Gwyneth or North-wales * Anglesey * Caernarvon * M. Tate * Hist. of Wales Mon or Anglesey the first part of North-wales Beau-marish the chiefe towne of Anglesey Arvon or Caernarvon the second part of North-wales Caernarvon the Shire-towne of the Countie of Carnarvon Merioneth the third part of North-wales Y Bervedhwlad the fourth part of
treachery of the Inhabitants there murdered neere upon three hundred of our men The Natives are very vile people horrible Idolaters adore the creature which they most feare and hate them which keepe them not in awe they were kindly intreated by our English and invited by all friendly means to Christianity The North parts are most inhabited by our men and is therefore called New England It hath but one entrance by Sea at a faire Bay Her Capes are called Cape Henry and Cape Charles The chiefe Towns are Ianus Towne Regnougton and Balesguift 18 Norumbega on the North of Virginia lyeth toward the Mare del Nort and is a very fertile Region It is inhabited by the Spanish and French The Seas are shallow and indanger many ships So full of Fish that the Boates cannot have free passage saith Maginus 19 Nova Francia is farther Northward from Norumbega a barren Countrey and the people barbarous some Antâ—ropophagi A few French there are besides the Natives 20 Terra Laboratoris or Conterialis 〈◊〉 more Northward upon the sea coast and is divided from Norumbega by the River Lanada It reacheth into the sea in form of a Peninsula The men are barbarous live in Caves run swiftly and are good Archers The chiefe places are Breste Cabo Marzo and South Maria. 21 Escotiland the last Province of the Northerne Peninsula still creeps by the edge of the Atlantick and on the North hath the straights called Fretum Daveissii an English-man who this way attempted the Northwest unto Cathai and Câ—ina And in regard it was adventured in the name of our Queene the Promontorie is called Elizabeths Fore-land and the sea running by it is likewise named â—orbishers Straights from another of our worthy Countrey-men that was interested before in the same service This Region is held to be the first discovered of the New World The North of it is still unknowne It yeelds plentie of Gold but is extreme cold The people ingenious and good Artificers in most kinds they are cloathed with beasts Hydes and are skilled to make themselves Boates of sea Caloes skins which they venture into the main sea without danger 22 Peninsula Peruviana is the South tract of America from the Isthmus to the Magellanick Straights The same seas are the bounds upon the East and West which were of the other Mexicana by which she is divided from Africa on the East and on the West at a large distance from the most Southern Ilands of Asia The compasse of it is 17000. miles From North to South there runnes a continued course of high Mountaines whose tops the very Fowles of the ayre cannot reach by flight And from thence descend many admirable Rivers among which Maragno and Argenteâ—â— are most famous The one for his extent and the other for his plenty of silver The Countrey is exceeding rich but the people differ not much from the worst of beasts They devoure mans flesh filthy wormes and what else comes in their way The chiefest Provinces are numbred thus 1 Castella Aurea 2 Guiana 3 Peru. 4 Brasile 5 Chile 23 Castella Aurea is the first named from her plenty of Gold She lieth part in the Isthmus The rest is the Northerne tract of Pâ—ru 1 Castella del ore in the very Isthmus which is by some measured to be seventeene miles in bredth by others twelve the Merchandize sent from Spaine is unladen aâ— Nombre de Dios and conveyed crosse the Isthmus by land to Panamais from thence shipped againe for the Northwest of Peru Neere these parts was an admirable atchievement performed by our valiant Countrey-man Iohn Oxenham who by the direction of Moores skilled in the Countrey went to the Land of Pearles and tooke from the Spaniards an incredible weight of gold and silver 2 Nova Andalusia Southward from Castella del ore The chiefe Townes are Tocoio and Sancta Espritta 3 Nova Granata a rich Region with Mines of Gold and Silver part of it lyeth under the Aequinoctiall And this is St. Foy one of the Arch-bishops Sees 4 Cartagena a fruitfull Countrey which yeelded when time was to our still renowned Sir Francis Drake store of prize and 240. pieces of Ordnance 24 Guiana is the second Province of the Peninsale Peru Maria situated just under the Aequinoctiall On the North it hath the maine River Oronoque or Raliana from Sir Walter Raleigh who went further then any before him into the Countrey This River is Navigable by report above 1000. miles On the South it hath like wise another great River of the Peninsula called Maragnon which exceeds the former and is Navigable 600. miles in length In this Province stands the largest Citie of America called el Dorâ—do or the guilded Citie For indeed there is plenty of Gold The length as it is spoke by some Travellers will exceed beliefe The second memorable Town is St. Thome not so much for her owne worth as the dysasterous Fortunes of Sir Walter Raleigh who there first lost his eldest sonne and after returned home with that ill successe as it cost him his own life 25 Peru the third in ranke yet by name it seems to be the chiefest Province of this Southerne tract It is contained almost betwixt the Aequator and the Tropick of Capricorne On the North it hath Castella del oro on the South Chila on the West Mare del Zur and on the East the mountains of Peru. It is a very rich Countrey aboundeth with gold and silver little esteemed among the Inhabitants For by report the Spaniard ordinarily shooed their Horses with gold Another great Commoditie is Tobacco a toy to play withall but yeelds a great revenew to the King of Spaine In this Province stands Lima the Arch-Bishops See and place of residency for the Viceroy Cusco where the native Kings of Peru had wont to keepe their Court The Inhabitants are strange Idolaters and worship a black Sheep Serpents and other ugly Creatures 26 Brasile on the North hath the great River Maragnon and on the South and West Argenteus on the East Mare del Nort. The Longitude from North to South is accounted 1500 the bredth 500. the compasse about 3000. The Inhabitants are rude live for the most part in the bodies of trees They swimme excellently are able to keep under the water for a long space Their chiefe commodities are Sugar and Brasile wood The people are covered with naturall haire cruel lascivious false and what not In this Region is an hearb called Viva which if you touch it it will shoot up as a Dasie in the night and will not open till the partie that injured it be out of sight Here are few Towns of note Saint Anna Equitum Ascensio Pernanbuco 27 Chile is the last of the Peninsula and on the North hath Peru on the West the Mare del Zur on the South the Magellanick Straights on the East the Virginian Ocean She hath her name from her extreame cold temper in so much that many are frozen to death and
of Beere 3 Krems toward Austria on the North side of Danubius 4 Pilsen on the West of Bohemia a Citie which long held out against Generall Tilly by the defence of the now Count Mansfield but was at last betrayed by some of his Captaines 5 Launum North-west from Pilsen noted for the most fruitfull place in the whole Region 15 Now the out-Provinces which are part of the Kâ—ngdome though not of Bohemia are first Lusatia It lyeth betwixt the Rivers Albis and Odera and the Mountaines of Bohemia On the West it hath Saxonie On the North and East Brandeburg On the South Silesia It is divided into the higher and lower Lusatia and is watered with the River Nisse It is indeed part of Saxonie though under rule to the King of Bohemia For both this and Silesia was given to Vratislaus by the Emperour Henry the fourth It is a very fruitfull Countrey in most kind of graine and the Inhabitants though imployed much in husbandry yet are they a warlike people as most of Germany and so they have beene tried by the Duke of Saxonie and others of the Emperours partie though they have beene by number and maine strength overborne The first that was surprised was Bantsen but the Metropolis is Gorlitzia next Zittan c. No soyle nor customes differ much from the next Province 16 Silesia on the West hath part of Bohemia upon the North Lusatia and part of Poland upon the South Moravia and upon the East Polonia At the beginning it was part of the Hercinian Forrest It is watered with the River Odera and from hence took her name as Conradus Celtus delivers it Lib. Amorum 2. Eleg. 5. Hic Odera à priscis qui nomina Suevus habebat Nascitur Godani praecipitatur aquis Suâ—vus qui Slesum socium sibi convocat amneru A quo nunc nomen Slesia terra gerit But Ioannes Crato a Silesian rather thinks that the name came from the Quadi a people that heretofore inhabited these parts and rather for that the very Quady in the Sclavonian tongue signifieth the same which Silesium did in the Saxon and old German That they did possesse this Province is agreed upon by most but where they were before seated Geographers somewhat differ Ptolemy placeth them by the Hercinian under Lunasylva and others not far off It was the people which in their warre with Mareus Antonius the Emperour were scattered with thunder and lightning obtained by the prayers of the Christian Legion For when the Roman was driven to such straight that he could foresee no help which might come from man he put himself upon their prayers to God for his deliverance A strange hope that could beleeve in their faith and yet not in that God in whom they beleeved But the Almighty was pleased to shâ—w his power and force the very heathen to honour his people For here ended the fourth Persecution 174. and the Christian Legion was surnamed the Thunderer 17 The ayre here is somewhat cold but milde and the Land fertile The Inhabitants good husbandmen to make the best They have a kind of forced Wine which the meaner sort drink freely The richer have it sent from those neighbouring Provinces which are better stored The chiefe Citie is Perslaw or Vratislavia which takes name from her Founder Vratislaus and in honor of him gives the letter W. in her Armes About the seat of this Citie Ptolemy placeth Budorgis in so much that some think this was raised out of her ruiue Not farre off there is yet to be seen the remainders of stately old buildings which are supposed to have beene the houses of the ancient Quadi In the yeare 1341. it was ruined by fire but built againe with stone and it is now one of the stateliest Cities of Germany for elegant buildings and faire streets It is an Arch-bishops See and an Academie The rest are Neissa Nissa a Bishops See and a faire Town Glats Oppolen Olderberg Glogmâ—r c. Maginus numbers 15. Dukedomes in Silesia whereof six remaine in their ancient families the rest for want of heirs are fallen to the King of Bohemia But the two chiefe of name are Ligintz and Swevitz The first is immediately the Kings Swevitz too is under his government but yet hath a Duke of its owne which is honoured with the title and revenewes 18 Moravia is bounded on the North and East with Silesia on the West with Brandeburg on the South with Austria Hungary It was heretofore called Marcomannia received the latter name from the River Moravia which runs through the Countrey It yeelds plenty of Corne Wine Fish and People which use a kind of confused mixt language of Sclavonicke Bohemicke and Teutonicke In plowing up their grounds there hath beene often-times found a certain Coyne of the Roman Emperours Marcus Antonius with this Inscription de Marcomannis which the Inhabitants interpret to be of the Spoyles which the Roman took from the Marcomanni who inhabited this Region For certaine it is that this people were vanquished by Marcus Antonius as appears in their Historians The people were converted to Christianity by Methodius Their chiefe Citie is Olmuzium Olmutz an Vniversitie Brin c. It is reported by Dubrarius that in Gradisco a part of this Province there groweth a kind of Myrrhe aud Frankincense out of the ground which in likenesse resemble the hidden parts both of man and woman It was first added to the King and Kindome of Behemia by Sigismund the Emperour in the raigne of Albertus The Description of FRANCE NO people but are ambitious to winne upon Antiquitie as farre as their Line will reach Among others the French are great pretenders to that Title and fetch their originall from Mesech the sixt sonne of Iapheth not above an hundred and fifty yeares after the Arke rested But this passeth not for currant truth among her owne Historians and therefore is not the plea which gives France here the second place in my division of Europe I observe rather her situation which rankes her next to Spaine Eastward and that was the course proposed in my Generall Description 2 As for her Inhabitants the first certainly which we can make good were the Gaules A people of whose beginning we can give no unquestionable account yet this of them is most sure they were a Nation of Noted valour above foure hundred yeares before Christ It is now full two thousand and twelve since they sacked Rome and tooke the Capitoll In the memory of that great Action we may claime a part For first were themselves Conquered by the two noble British spirits Brennius and Belinus Kings of England and after led on by them if we may trust the story unto those glorious adventures which have to this day continued their fame almost above any other Nation Let the proofe rest upon my Author This saith Mathaâ—â— Westmonasteriensis out of the Roman History 3 Trecenta millia Gallorum ad sedes novas quaerendas profâ—cti ducibus
of the Christian King of France his eldest son the Dolphin of France by their Salique Law no woman or heirs may inherit how justly I may not determine But yet the English have good reason to examine the Equitie For it cost our Edward the Third his Crowne of France to which he was heire in generall by marriage of a Daughter But the truth is we have beene ever easie to part with our hold there or at least forced to forgoe it by our civill dissentions at home else after all those glorious Victories of our Predecessors we might have had some power more to shew there as well as title FRANCE revised and augmented the attires of the French and situations of their cheifest cityes obserued by Iohn Speede. Are to be sould in Pops head alley by Geoâ—Humble Ano. 1626 THE SCALE OF MILLES 12 Aquitania lyeth on the West of France close upon the Pyrenaean Mountaines and Contunies 1 Another part of Biscay mentioned in the Mappe of Spaine and indeed differeth from that but very little 2 Gascoigne and Guien The first to this day keeps its name with a very little change from the Spanish Vascones The chiefe City is Burdigala or Burdeaux a Parliamentary and Archiepiscopall seat and Vniversitie of good esteeme was honoured with the birth of our Richard the second Another Citie of note is Tholouse a seate Parliamentarie and supposed to be as ancient as the Rule of Deborah in Israel This Gascoigne containes in the Earledomâ—s of Forie Comminges Armeniaci and the Dutch Albert. 3 Pictaria Poictu on the North of Guien a pleasant Region and a plentifull It containes three Bishopricks Poitiers Lucon and Mailazai Her chiefe Cities are Poictiers an ancient and the largest next Paris in all France Castrum Heraldi once the title of the Scotch Earles of Hamildon In this Province was fought the great Battel betwixt our Black Prince and Iohn of France where with eight thousand he vanquished fortie thousand tooke the King Prisoner and his sonne Philip 70. Earles 50. Barons and 12000. Gentlemen 4 Sonictonia severed from Poictiers but by the River Canentell and so differs but little from her fertility Her Metropolis Saints Her other chiefe Bourg Blay Marennes Saint Iohn D'angely and Anglosme Betwixt this Country Poictiers stands Rochell a place the best fortified both by nature and art of any in Europe And is at this time possest by those of the Reformed Religion where they stand upon their guard and defend their freedome of conscience against the Roman Catholikes of France 5 Limosin in limo sita saith some Maginus takes it from Liwoges her chiefe Citie toward the North which revolted was recovered by our Black Prince Her other Towns of note are Tulles and Vxerca and Chaluz where our Richard the first was shot It hath beene by turnes possest by French and English till Charles the Seventh Since we have had little hold there 6 Berry regio Biturigum from her chiefe City Bituris now Burges an Archiepiscopall See and Vniversitie It is exceedingly stored with sheepe and sufficiently well with other Merchandize of value 7 Burbone from her chiefe City Burbone heretofore Boya a Dukedome and much frequented by Princes and the Nobility of France by reason of her healthfull ayre and commodious Baths 8 Tureine the Garden of France Her chiefe Cities Bloys Amboys Trurs and a little higher upon the Loyre stand Orleance 13 Lugdunensis or Celtica lyeth betwixt the Rivers Loyre and Seyne and takes the name from Lugdunum or Lions her chiefe Citie This Province comprehends 1 Britany heretofore Armorica till subdued by Maximinus King of England about the yeare 367. since it hath had the name of Britany and for distinction from this of ours it is commonly styled Minor Britannia There is yet remaining a smatch of the Welsh tongue which it seemes the Invaders had so great a desire to settle in those parts as a trophie of their Conquests that when they first mingled in marriage with the Inhabitants they cut out their wives tongues as many as were Natives that no sound of French might be heard among their Children It hath few Rivers but that defect is in some measure made up by their neighbourhood of the Sea in so much that the Countrey is reckoned one of the most fertile in all France for Corne Wine and Wood. It breeds good Horses and speciall Dogges Iron Leade c. Her chiefe Cities are Nants Rhenes St. Brenie and Rohan It is divided into Britanniam inferiorem the base or lower Britanie Westward neerest England and Superiorem toward the Loyre Eastward Her chiefe ports are St. Malo and Breste 2 Normandie a part of the Region which was heretofore called Newstria and took the name it hath from the Norwegians Their first Duke was Rollo and the sixt from him our William the Conquerour It was lost from his Successors in the time of King Iohn Her chiefe Cities are Rhothomagus or Rhoan the Metropolis Constance and Cane memorable for the siege of our English H. the fift And Verveile besieged by Philip the second of France in the time of our Richard the first which when the King heard as he sate in his Palace at Westminster it is said he sware he would never turne his back to France till he had his revenge and to make good his oath brake through the wals and justly performed his threat upon the besiâ—ger Her principall parts are Harflew the first which King Henry the fift of England assaulted and New Haven given up by the Prince of Conde to Queene Elizabeth as a Pledge for such Forces as she would supply him with to maintaine Warres with the King in defence of Religion And Deepe c. 3 Anjoue regio Andegavensis a fertile Countrey and yeelds the best Wine of France excellent Marble and other faire stone for buildings Her chiefe Citie is Anjers which Ortelius takes to be Ptolemy's Iuliomagum It is now an Vniversitie To this Dukedome there are foure Earledomes which owe a kind of homage Manie Vandosme Beufort and Laval 4 Francia which gives name to the whole Kingdome and received it her selfe from the Germane Francones which before inhabited the great Forrest called Sylva Hircynia Her chief City and the glory of France is Paris or Lutetia auasi in luâ—o sita in compasse twelve miles is reckoned the first Academie of Euâ—rope consists of fiftie-five Colledges And here was Henry the sixt Crowned King of France and England In this Province stands St. Vincents where Henry the fift died and Sâ—isons and the Dukedome of Valoys c. 5 Campaigne and Brye partners in the title of Earledome it is severed from Picardie onely with the River A fertile Countrey and hath many eminent Cities The principall is Rheimes where the Kings most commonly are Crowned and annointed with an Oyle sent they say from Heaven which as oft as it hath beene used never decreaseth It is the Seat of an Arch-bishop and Vniversitie of â—ote especially with our
But then perceiving that they availed nothing the water in this space rather increasing then any whit abating Now hopelesse of safety tyred and out-worne with labour watching and discomfort and desirous to refresh their enfeebled spirits with some little rest before their death they resolved to cease their labour and so by consequence permit their ship to sinke Sir George Sommers sitting day and night all this while upon the Poope to direct the Shippe as evenly as might be lest she should be over-turned or swallowed of the waves espied land and thereupon called the Company together and encouraged them again to pumping and casting out water by which meanes they kept her up from sinking and by Gods providence escaped the rocks till they gat within halfe a mile of the shoare where she stuck fast betweene two rocks The extremitie of the storme being then well qualified they had time to land all their men most part of their provision and to save much of their ships tacking and iron-worke before she sanke And thus it pleased God by this evill to bring to light a farre greater good agreeable to that saying Quae latet inque boniscess at non cognita rebus Apparet virtus arguiturque malis Having thus escaped the eminent danger of present death and all safely arrived We may well conceive their joy to have beene great especially when they found there in great abundance Fish Fowle Hogs and other things for the sustenance of man and which they most of all feared water but no people nor any kinde of cattell except those Hogs and a few wilde Cats which in likelihood had swoom a-shore out of some Ship cast away upon the coast and there encreased They abode there nine moneths during which time with help of such things as they saved of the Sea venture and of such as they found in the Countrey they built of Cedar and rigged fit for the Sea two Vessels a Ship and a Pinnace and upon the tenth of May 1610. departed toward Virginia leaving onely two men behind them and carrying with them store of provision for the reliefe of the people there Vpon the 24. of May they arrived safely there and shortly after some of them returned to the Sommer Ilands againe for a further supply in the same Ship which they had formerly built there where Sir George Sommers dying his men did not according to his last charge given unto them returne to Virginia but framed their course for England leaving behind them three men that stayed voluntarily who shortly after found in Somerset Iland which is part of Sandys Tribe a very great treasure in Amber-greece to the value of nine or ten thousand pound sterling there hath also beene found since divers times of the best sort This new discovery of the Sommer Ilands being thus made knowne in England to the Virginian Company by these men which returned they sold to some hundred and twenty persons of the same Company who obtained a Charter from his Majesty and so hold it And toward the latter end of Aprill 1612. sent thither a ship called the Plough with some sixty persons to inhabite appointing Governour one Master Richard Moore a man ingenious and carefull who since died in Sir Walter Rawleyes last voyage to Guiana a place as appeareth by our moderne Geographers very rich and spatious But as I say he arrived there about the beginning of Iuly and found the foresaid three men that stayed voluntarily very well Master Moore spent three yeares of his government for the most part in fortifying the Country and trayning the people in martial exercises which custome hath beene continued by his successours he built some nine or tenne Forts placing Ordinance and Munition in them In his time the Lord sent upon the Countrey a very grievous scourge and punishment threatning the utter ruine and desolation of it That it came from God I need not strive to prove especially considering it was generally so acknowledged by us at that time The causes and occasions of it I need not name being very well knowne to us all that then lived there which were about 600. persons though shortly after much diminished I will onely shew the thing it selfe which was a wonderfull annoyance by silly Rats These Rats comming at the first out of a Ship few in number increased in the space of two year or lesse so exceedingly that they filled not onely those places where they were first landed But swimming from place to place spread themselves into all parts of the Countrey In so much that there was no Iland though severed by the Sea from all other Lands and many miles distant from the Iles where the Rats had their originall but was pestered with them They had their nests almost in every tree and in all places their Burrowes in the ground like Conies to harbour in They spared not the fruits of Plants or Trees neither the Plants themselves but eat them up When we had set our Corne they would commonly come by troupes the night following or so soone as it began to grow and digge it up againe If by diligent watching any of it were preserved till it came to caring it should then very hardly scape them Yea it was a difficult matter after we had it in our houses to save it from them for they became noysome even to the persons of men We used all diligence for the destroying of them nourishing many Cats wilde and tame for that purpose we used Rats-bane and many times set fire on the Woods so as the fire might runne halfe a mile or more before it were extinct Every man in the Countrey was enjoyned to set twelve Traps and some of their owne accord set neere a hundred which they visited twice or thrice in a night We trayned up our Dogs to hunt them wherein they grew so expert that a good Dog in two or three houres space would kill fortie or fiftie Rattes and other meanes we used to destroy them but could not prevaile finding them still to encrease against us Mappa AESTIVARUM Insularum alias Bermudas dictarum ad ostia Mexicani aestuarij iacentium in Latitudine Graduum 32 minutorum 25. Ab Anglia Londino Scilicet versus Iâ—â— notum 3300 Miliaribus Anglicanis et a Roanoack qui locus est in Virginia versus Euro notum 500 Mil. accu 〈…〉 A Mapp of the SOMMER 〈…〉 nds once called the â—â—rmudas Lying at the mouth 〈◊〉 the bay of Mexico in the â—titude of 32. degr 25. mi â—â—â—tant from England viz from â—â—â—don toward the west southâ—â—st 3300. miles And from â—â—anoack in Virginia toâ—â—rd the east south east â—â—0 miles exactlie Surveyed About this time or immediately before came thither a company of Ravens which continued with us all the time of this mortalitie and then departed There were not before that time nor since so farre as I heare any more of them seene there And this with some other reasons of more moment moved many
to thinke that there were some other Ilands neare the Sommer-Ilands betweene Virginia and it and Master Moore in his time with some others of us went forth in a Boat so farre as then we could conveniently of purpose to discover it Since then it hath been endevoured by others and is yet as I heare to be further attempted And howsoever I am perswaded for certaine causes which I cannot here relate there is no such thing Yet would I not dis-animate any from this enterprise for if they finde any their labours will be well recompenced and though they finde none yet might they discover those parts so well that the passage to and from Virginia would be more safe and easie But to returne from whence we have digressed The extremitie of our distresse beganne to abate a little before Master Moores time of Government was expired partly by supplies out of England of victuall and provision for fishing and partly by that rest and libertie we then obtained the Countrey being fortified Yet the Rats encreased and continued almost to the end of Captaine Tuckers time although he was provident and industrious to destroy them but toward the end of his time it pleased God by what meanes it is not well knowne to take them away in so much that the wilde Cats and many Dogges which lived on them were famished and many of them leaving the woods came downe to the houses and to such places where they use to garbish their Fish and became tame Some have attributed this destruction of them to the encrease of wild Cats but that is not likely they should be so suddenly encreased rather at that time then in the foure yeares before And the chiefe occasion of this supposition was because they saw such companies of them leave the Woods and shew themselves for want of food Others have supposed it to come to passe by the coldnesse of the weather which notwithstanding is never so great there as with us in March nor scarce as it is in Aprill except it be in the winde besides the Rats wanted not feathers of young Birds and Chickens which they dayly killed and of Palmeto Mosse as we call it to build themselves warme nests out of the winde as usually they did Neither doth it appeare that the cold was so mortall to them seeing they would ordinarily swim from place to place and be very fat even in the midst of Winter It remaineth then that as we know God doth sometimes effect his will without subordinate and secondary causes and sometimes against them So we need not doubt but that in the speedy encrease and spreading of these Vermine as also in the preservation of so many of us by such weake meanes as we then enjoyed and especially in the sodain removall of this great annoyance there was joyned with and besides the ordinary and manifest meanes a more immediate and secret worke of God Now to proceed Master Moores time of government being expired Captaine Tucker succeeded arriving there about mid-May 1616. who likewise governed according to the custome three yeares which time he spent for the most part in husbanding the Countrey planting and nourishing all such things as were found either fit for Trade or for the sustentation and use of the Inhabitants wherein he travelled with much diligence and good successe sending to some parts of the Indies for Plants and Fruits he also added to the fortifications and made some inclosures In his time viz. in the yeare 1617. was sent a Ship and provision with men of skill for the killing of Whales but they arrived there too late to wit about the midst of Aprill so that before they could make ready their Shallops and fit themselves the principall season for Whale-fishing was past For the Whales come thither in Ianuarie and depart again toward the latter end of May yet they struck some but found them so lively swift and fierce after they were stricken that they could take none They yeeld great store of Oyle as appeared by one that drave to shoare on Sommerset Iland in Sandys Tribe and by another that we found not farre from thence dead upon a Rock I also received by Captaine Tucker directions from the Adventurers to divide the Countrey and to Assigne to each Adventurer his shares or portion of land and withall a description with notes touching the manner how they would have it done as they had formerly determined by lot Which thing I did with all faithfulnesse and diligence the manner of it doth above appeare and is more largely manifested in a Booke of the Survey of the Countrey exhibited to the Right Honourable his Majesties Councell and the Court of Adventurers for these parts And then began this which was before as it were an unsetled and confused Chaos I meane as touching a Plantation for considered onely as a Regiment it was otherwise to receive a convenient disposition forme and order and to become indeed a Plantation for though the Countrey was small yet they could not have beene conveniently disposed and well setled without a true description and Survey made of it and againe every man being setled where he might constantly abide they knew their businesse and fitted their household accordingly They built for themselves and their families not Tents or Cabins but more substantiall houses they cleared their grounds and planted not onely such things as would yeeld them their fruits in a yeare or halfe a yeare but all such too as would afford them profit after certaine yeares c. So that in short time after even before the expiration of Captaine Tuckers government the Countrey began to aspire and neerly to approach unto that happinesse and prosperitie wherein now is flourisheth For may it not justly be accounted happinesse and prosperitie for men to live where they enjoy the meanes of true religion and salvation to wit the sincere ministery of the Word and Sacraments where the government is good without rigour and oppression the place healthfull and temperate where they are freed from all extreme care and toyle where they have food in abundance and very good with other things needfull to the body and where they have commodities meete for Trade by which they may better and advance their estates all which and more is largely verified in the present estate of that Colony whatsoever some maliciously minded or to evill ends suborned may say to the contrary so that there may seeme to be a restauration of that golden age so much spoken of The Governour now there resident is one Captaine Butler for Captaine Tucker departing thence in December 1618. left in his place Captaine Kendall who also was one that supplied the same place in the interim betweene Master Moores time and Captaine Tuckers and hath spent some nine or ten years in the Countrey But in the yeare 1619. about Midsommer the Adventurers sent thither as Governour for three yeares according to the custome the said Captaine Butler and foure Ships
Positure in respect of Heaven Lucretius the first of the Latine Writers that names Britain seemeth to place it in the same Parallel with Pontus where he saith Nam quid Brittannum coelum differre putamus c. What differs Britaines heaven from that of Nile Or Pontus welkin from Gadz warmer Isle In which by a certaine crosse comparison he opposeth two likes against two unlikes Britain Pontius against Egypt and Gades But to seek into profound Antiquity rather then present practise for matters in which Vse makes perfectnesse were to affect the giving light by shadowes rather then by Sun-shine 3 It is by experience found to lie included from the degree fifty and thirty scruples of Latitude and for Longitude extended from the 13. degree 20. minutes unto the 22. and 50. minutes according to the observation of Mercator It hath Britaine Normandy and other parts of France upon the South the Lower Germany Denmarke Norway upon the East the Isles of Orkney and the Deucaledonian Sea upon the North the Hebrides upon the West and from it all other Ilands and Inlets which do scatteredly inviron it and shelter themselves as it were under the shadow of Great Albion another name of this famous Iland are also accounted Britannish and are therefore here described altogether 4 Britaine thus seated in the Ocean hath her prayses not onely in the present tense and use of her commodities but also in those honorable Eulogies which the learnedst of Antiquaries hath collected out of the noblest Authors that he scarce feemeth to have left any gleanings neither wil we transplant them out of his flourishing Garden but as necessity compels sith nothing can be further or otherwise better said 5 That Britaine therefore the Seas High Admirall is famously known and the Fortunate Island supposed by some as Robert of Avesbury doth shew whose ayre is more temperate saith Caesar then France whose Soile bringeth forth all graine in abundance saith Tacitus whose Seas produce orient Pearle saith Suetonius whose Fields are the seat of a Summer Queen saith Orpheus her wildest parts free from wilde beasts saith the ancient Panegyrick and her chiefe Citie worthily named Augusta as saith Amianus So as we may truly say with the royall Psalmist Our lines are fallen in pleasant places yea we have a faire inheritance Which whatsoever by the goodnesse of God and industrie of man it is now yet our English Poet hath truely described unto us the first face thereof thus The Land which warlike Britaines now possesse And therein have their mightie Empire raisde In ancient times were salvage Wildernesse Vnpeopled unmanur'd unprov'd unpraisde 6 And albeit the Ocean doth at this present thrust it selfe betweene Dover and Callis dividing them with a deepe and vast entrenchment so that Britaine thereby is of a supposed Penisle made an Iland yet divers have â—tifly held that once it was joyned by an arme of land to the continent of Gallia To which opinion Spencer farther alluding thus closeth his Stanza Ne was it Iland then ne was it paisde Amid the Ocean waves ne was is sought Of Merchants far for profits therein praisde But was all desolate and of some thought By Sea to have bin from the Celtick Mainland brought Which as a matter meerly conjecturall because it is not plaine that there were no Ilands nor hils before Noahs floud I leave at large Virgil surely of all Poets the most learned when describing the Shield which Vulcan forged in Virgils braine for Aeneas he cals the Morini people about Call is the outmost men doth onely meane that they were Westward the farthest Inhabitants upon the Continent signifying withall that Britaine as being an Iland lay out of the world but yet not out of the knowledge of men for the commodities thereof invited the famous Greeke Colonies of Merchants which dwelt at Massilia in France to venture hither as hath been well observed our of Strabo THE KINGDOME OF GREAT BRITAINE AND IRELAND 7 And as Iulius Caesar was the first Romane which ever gave an attempt to Conquer it so will we close its praises with a late Epigram concerning the outward face of the Isle and the motive of Caesars coming ALBIONIS vertex frondoso crine superbit Arboreas frondes plurimus ales habet Gramineam Montes fundant pascua pubem Et carpunt circum pascua gramen oves Sed LATII caruit potioribus Insuladonis Victori potior Gloria ni LATIO Albions high tops her woody locks farre shew With quiers of chanting Birds these woods resounding Her Downes and Meadowes clad in verdant hew Meadows Downs with flocks and heards abounding Latium had greater wealth yet Caesar thought To British Glory Latiums Wealth worth nought 8 The division of Britaine concerning the government and territories thereof at such time as Caesar here arrived doth not sufficiently appeare Caesar himselfe makes so sparing mention herein that we have little cause to beleeve Florus where he makes Livie say that after Caesar had slain an huge multitude of Britaines he subdued the residue of the Isle but rather with exquisite Horace that he did not at all touch them as the word intactus doth in him purport 9 Kings there were and therefore that Division which was here in Caesars time was into Kingdomes the old names of whose Nations as also the knowledge of their several abodes hidden under the rubbish of so many ages have of late with infinite labours and exquisite judgement beene probably restored and bounded yet that no mans expectation and desire be too much frustrated reason wils that we briefly set forth such divisions of the Land as many repute not ancient onely but authenticke 10 Our seeming ancient Historians begin it at Brute who to every of his three sonnes gave a part called presently after their names as Loegria to Locrine his eldest sonne Cambria to Camber his second sonne and Albania to Albanist his third son And doubtlesse if there had been more Nations of fame in this Iland Brute should have had more sons fathered on him which conceit some ascribe to Monmouth holding that before him it was never so divided 11 Ptolomey naming Britaine the Great and the Lesse hath been by some mistaken as so dividing this Iland into two parts but his proportion and distance from the Aequator compared with his Geographicall description will evince that he calleth this our Iland GREAT BRITAIN and Ireland BRITAIN THE LESSE 12 Howbeit some latter doe make indeed the South and more Champion to be called GREAT BRITAIN and the North more mountainous BRITAIN THE LESSE whose Inhabitants anciently were distinguished into the MAIATAE and CALEDONII and now by the Scots are into Heghlandmen and Lawlandmen But that Northerne clime being more piercing for the Romanes constitutions and lesse profitable or fruitfull they set their
twenty eight thousand and fifteene were of Religious order and yet among these he accounteth no part of Cornwall But from this report it may well be that Rossus Warwicanus complaineth of the depopulation of the Land which with Towne-ships saith he anciently had stood so bestrewed as a goodly Garden every where garnished with faire flowers 11 King Elfred the first divider instituted a Prefect or Lieutenant in every of these Counties which then were called Custodes and â—fterwards Earles saith Higdon who kept the Countrey in obedience to the King and suppressed the outrages of notorious robbers But Canutus the Dane when successe had set him upon the English Throne divided the care of his Kingdomes affaires into a foure-fold subjection to wit West-Sex Mercia Northumbre and East-England himselfe taking charge of the first and the greatest making three Tetrarches of especiall trust over the rest namely Edrich over Mercia Yrtus over Northumbre and Turkill over East-England Wales neither in this division nor that of King Elfred was any waies liable it being cut as we have said from England by King Offa but those remnants of the ancient Britaines divided likewise that Westerne Province into Kingdomes Cantreds and Commots as more largely we will shew in the plot of that Principalitie And this shall suffice for the division of England under the Saxons who enjoyed it the space of 567. yeeres from their first entrance under Hengist unto the death of Edmund Ironside and againe under Edward Confessor the terme of twenty yeeres 12 Now if any shall be so minutely curious as to enquire the meaning of the Emblematicall compartments bordering the Mappe the right side containeth the first seven Kings of that sevenfold State their Names their Kingdomes their Escocheons their yeeres of first aspiring the left side doth portraict the like of the seven first kings in each of those Kingdomes which by Christian Baptisme aspired to the hope of a Kingdome eternall 1. Ethelbert of Kent receiving Austens instruction 2. Sebert the East-Saxon converting by advice of B. Miletus the Temples of Diana and Apollo now S. Pauls in London and S. Peters in Westminster to the service of Christ. 3. Erpenwald the East-Angle received Baptisme by exhortation of King Edwin the Northumbrian though as it seemeth Edwin himselfe for a time deferred his owne Baptisme and was therefore martyred by his Pagan Subjects 4. Edwine the Northumbrian stirred up by a vision both to expect the Kingdome and to receive the Faith which he did by the preaching of Paulinus whom he made Arch-bishop of Yorke 5. Kingill the West Saxon converted by the preaching of S. Berinus whom he made Bishop of Dorcester neere Oxford 6. Peada the Mercian receiving Christian Faith by perswasion of Oswy King of Northumbers was murdered by his owne mothers some say his wives procurement 7. Ethelwolfe the South-Saxon Baptized at Oxford by S. Berinus where Wulpherus King of Mercia was his God father at Font. 13 And sith these Saxons first gave to this Iland the name of England we will here affixe for a close of all an ancient Epigram touching both this Country and her Name the rather because of late a principall part and prayse therein is surreptitiously against Lex Plagiaria taken from England and ascribed as proper to France A certaine Author saith Bartholomeus de proprietatibus rerum thus in verse describeth England Anglia terra ferox fertilis Angulus Orbis Insula praedives quae toto vix eget Orbe Et cujus totus indiget Orbis ope Angliaplenajocis Gens Libera aptajocari Libera Gens cui libera mens libera lingua Sed linguâ melior liberiorque manus ENGLAND fierce Land Worlds Angle fertile art Rich I le thou needst no other Countries Mart Each other Country yet thy succour needs ENGLAND Ioyes Land be free and joyous long Free Race free Grace free Kind free Mind Tongue Yet Hands passe Tongues for free and glorious deeds THE TYPE OF THE FLORISHING KINGDOME OF ENGLAND VVITH THE GENERALL DESCRIPTION OF IT AS IT WAS FROM THE TIME OF THE NORMANS CHAPTER III. THE Saxons glory now neer to expire by his appointment who holdeth both times and Kingdomes in his all-ordering hand their owne swords being the instruments and the Danes the maules that beat their beautifull Diademe into pieces the Normans a stirring Nation neither expected nor much feared under the leading of William their Duke and encouragement of the Romane Bishop an usuall promoter hereof broken titles made hither sodainly into England who inone onely battell with the title of his sword and slaughter of Harold set the Emperiall Crown thereof upon his own head which no sooner was done but the English went downe and the Normans lording it became owners of those Cities which themselves never built possessed those Vineyards which they never planted dranke of those Wels which they never had digged and inhabited those houses filled With riches for which they never had laboured for they found it to be as the Land whereupon the Lord set his eye even from the beginning to the end of the yeer not onely drinking water of the raine of heaven but having also Rivers of waters and fountaines in her valleyes and without all scarcitie whose stones are yron and out of whose mountains is digged brasse This made them more resolute at first to settle themselves in this fairest and fruitfullest part of the Iland the Conquerour using all policy both Martial and Civill to plant his posterity here for ever How he found the Land governed we shewed in the Heptarchie but his restlesse thoughts were not contented with conquering the Nation and their Land unlesse he also overcame their very Customes Lawes and Language 2 Touching the distribution of the Kingdome whereas other kings before him made use of it chiefly for good of the people and better ministring of Iustice he made use of it to know the wealth of his Subjects and to enrich his Coffers for he caused a description to be made of all England how much land every one of his Barons possessed how many Knights fees how many Plow-lands how many in villanage how many head of beasts yea how much ready money every man from the greatest to the least did possesse and what rents might be made of every mans possession the Booke of which inquisition yet in the Exchequer was called Domes-day for the generalitie of that Iudgement on all the Land Whereunto we may adde his other distribution of this Land worse then any former when thrusting the English out of their possessions he distributed their inheritances to his Souldierâ— yet so that all should be held of the King as of the onely triâ— Lord and possessor 3 For the Lawes by which he meant to governe he held one excellent rule and purpose which was that a People ought to be ruled by Lawes written and certaine
were by famine and sword wasted to 560. at which time the Earle escaping by Ship his Wise upn composition yeelded the Castle and followed In William Rufus time it was growne famous for Merchandize and concourse of people so that Herbert then translating the Bishopricke from Thetford thither made each of them an ornament to other In variety of times it felt much variety of fortune By fire in Anâ—o 1508. By extreame plagues whereof one in An. 1348. was so outrage us as 57104. are reported to have dyed thereof between the Calends of January and of July By misery of warre as sackâ—d and spoyled by the Earle of Flaunders and Hugh Bigod Anno 1174. In yeelding to Lewis the French against their naturall Lord King Iohn Anno 1216 By the disinherited Barons Anno 1266. By tumult and insurrection between the Citizens and Church-men once about the yeare 1265. which if Henry the third had not come in prison to appease the City was in hazard to be ruined The second time in Anno 1446. for which the Major was deposed and their Liberties for a while seised In Edward the sixths time by Ketts rebellion whose fury chiefly raged against this City Since this it hath flourished with the blessings of Peace Plentie Wealth and Honour so that Alexander Nevil doubteth not to preferre it above all the Cities of England except London It is situate upon the River Hierus in a pleasant valley but on rising ground having on the Last the Hilles and Heath called Mussold for Moss-would as I take it In the seventeeth yeare of King Stephen it was new founded and made a Corporation In Edward the firsts time closed with a faire Wall saving on a part that the River defendeth First governed by foure Bayliffes then by Henry the fourth in Anno 1403. erected into a Majoralty and County the limits whereof now extend to Eaton-bridge At this present it hath about thirty Parishes but in ancient time had many more 6 Lenn having been an ancient Borrough under the government of a Bayliffe or Reve called Praetositus was by King Iohn in the sixt yeare of his Reigne made Liber Burgus and besides the gift of his memorable â—up which to this day honoureth this Corporation endowed with divers faire Liberties King Henry the third in the seventeenth yeare of his Reigne in recompence of their service against the out-lawed Barons in the Isle of Ely enlarged their Charter and granted them further to choose a Major Loco Praepositi unto whom King Henry the eight in the sixteenth yeare of his Reigne added twelve Aldermen a Recorder and other Officers and the bearing of a Sword before the Major But the Towne comming after to the same King he in the nine and twentieth yeare of his Reigne changed the name from Lenn Episcopi to Lenn Regis 7 Yarmouth is the Key of the Coast named and seated by the mouth of the River Yere Begun in the time of the Danes and by small accessions growing populous made a Corporation under two Bayliffes by King Henry the third and by his Charter about the fifteenth yeare of his Reigne walled It is an ancient member of the Cinque Ports very well built and fortified having only one Church but faire and large founded by Bishop Herbert in William Rufus dayes It maintaineth a Peere against the Sea at the yearely charge of five hundred pound or thereabout yet hath it no possessions as other Corporations but like the children of Aeolus and Thetis Maria 4. ventos as an Inquisitour findeth Anno 10. Henry third There is yearely in September the worthiest Herring-fishing in Europe which draweth great concourse of people and maketh the Towne much the richer all the yeare but very unsavoury for the time The Inhabitants are so courteous as they have long held a custome to feast all persons of worth repairing to their Towne 8 The Bishoprik of Norwich had first her seat at Dunwich in Suffolke and was there begun by Foelix who converted this County and the East-Angles to the Faith Being brought out of Burgundy by Sigebert the first Christian King of the East-Angles he landed at Baâ—ingley by Lenn and there builded the first Church of these Countries which in his memory is at this day called by his Name The second he built at Sharnbourn then of wood and therefore called Stock-Chappell After Foelix and three of his Successours this Bishoprick was divided into two Sets the one with eleven Bishops in sucession continuing at Dunwich the other with twelve at Elmham in Northfolke Then united againe in the time of King Edwyn the entire See for twelve other Bishops remained at Elmham and in the Conquerours time was by his Chaplaine Arfustus being the thirteenth translated to Thetford from thence by Herbert his next successour save one bought of William Rufus for nineteene hundred pounds and brought to Norwich This Herbert surnamed Losinga a Norman builded the Cathedrall Church there and endowed it with large possessions Not far from thence hee also builded another Church to S. Leonard a third at Elmham a fourth at Lenn S. Margarets a very faire one and the fifth at Yarmouth before mentioned By the Cathedrall Church he builded a Palace for the Bishops and founded the Priory there now converted to Deane and Chapter and another Priory at Thetford Since his time the Bishops See hath immoveably remained at Norwich but the ancient Possessions are severed from it and in lieu thereof the Abbey and Lands of S. Benedict of Holme annexed to it The Commodities of this County I have contained in these foure Verses Ingenio populi cultu Norfolcia clara est Hinc fluviis illinc Insula clausa mari Quaratis vellus frumenta cuniculus agnus Lac scatet pisces pabula mella crocus This Description of Northfolke I received from the Right Worshipfull Sir HENRY SPELMAN Knight NORFOLK WITH THE A COVNTIE ARMES OF SVCH FLORISHING NOBLE FAMILES POPVLOVS AS HAVE BORNE DESCRIBED THE TITLES AND DEVIDED THEROF WITH THE ARMES OF SVCH NOBLE FAMILES AS HAVE BORNE THE TITLES THEROF HVNDREDâ— in Northfolke 1. SMethdon 2. Brothercrosse 3. North-Grenchoe 4. Hâ—lse 5. North Erpingham 6. Tunstad 7. Happing 8. West-Flegg 9. Blowseâ—ld 10. Tavarham 11. south-Erpingham 12. Eynsford 13. Gallowe 14. Frâ—cbridge 15. Laundiche 16. Mitsorde 17. Forchoce 18. Humbleyarde 19. Heustead 20. Lod. 21. Claveâ—â—ng 22. Earsham 23. Depwarde 24. Dysse 25. Gyltcrosse 26. Shorpham 27. Waylond 28. South-Grenchoe 29. Walsham 30. Claâ—kelosse 31. Grymshooc A Accle Blow Aileswythorpe Frâ—cb Alby Southerpe Albuâ—rough Norther Alburghe Earsh Aldeby clav Alderford Eyns Alpington clav Althorpe Gal. Anmer Frâ—cb Antingham Norther Appleton Frâ—cb Armingale Henst. Ashby Flâ—g Ashby clav Ashill Wayl Ashmonhangle Tuns Ashwelthorp Depw. Aslacton Depw. Attlebridge Tavâ—r Attleburgh sâ—rop AYLâ—SHAM S. Er. Aylmerton Norther B Baconsthorp southe Bagthorpe Gal. Banham Gyl Baningham souther Barford Forc Barmer Gal. Barney Norther Barneham Forc Barningham Northwood N E
4 The Soyle for the generalitie is not very fruitfull yet it produceth such numbers of Cattle of such large proportion and such goodly heads and hornes as the whole Kingdome of Spaine doth scarce the like It is a Countrey replenished with all necessaries for the use of man yeelding without any great labour the Commoditie of Corne Flaxe Grasse Coales and such like The Sea also adding her blessing to the Land that the people of that Province want nothing that serves either for the sustenance of nature or the satietie of appetite They are plentifully furnished with all sorts of Fish Flesh and Fowles Their principall fuell is Coale and Turfe which they have in great abundance the Gentlemen reserving their woods very carefully as a beautie and principall ornament to their Mannors and houses And though it be farre from London the capitall Citie of this Kingdome yet doth it every yeare furnish her and many other parts of the Land besides with many thousands of Cattle bred in this Countrey giving thereby and otherwise a firme testimony to the world of the blessed abundance that it hath pleased God to enrich this noble Dukedome withall 5 This Counties ancient Inhabitants were the Brigantes of whom there is more mention in the description of Yorke-shire who by Claudius the Emperor were brought under the Romane subjection that so held and made it their Seat secured by their Garrisons as hath beene gathered as well by many Inscriptions found in walles and ancient monuments fixed in stones as by certain Altars erected in favour of their Emperours After the Romanes the Saxons brought it under their protection and held it for a part of their Northumbrian Kingdome till it was first made subjugate to the invasion of the Danes and then conquered by the victorious Normans whose posterities from thence are branched further into England 6 Places of Antiquitie or memorable note are these the Towne of Manchester so famous as well for the Market-place Church and Colledge as for the resort unto it for clothing was called Mancunium by Antonine the Emperour and was made a Fort and Station of the Romanes Riblechester which taketh the name from Rhibell a little River neere lithero though it be a small Towne yet by tradition hath beene called the richest Towne in Christendome and reported to have beene the Seat of the Romanes which the many Monuments of their Antiquities Statues peeces of Coyne and other severall Inscriptions digged up from time to time by the Inhabitants may give us sufficient perswasion to beleeve But the Shire-town is Lancaster more pleasant in situation then rich of Inhabitants built on the South of the River Lon and is the same Longovicum where as we find in the Notice Provinces a company of the Longovicarians under the Lieutenant Generall of Britaine lay The beautie of this Towne is in the Church Castle and Bridge her streets many and stretched farre in length Vnto this Towne King Edward the third granted a Maior and two Bailiffes which to this day are elected out of twelve Brethren assisted by twenty-foure Burgesses by whom it is yearely governed with the supply of two Chamberlaines a Recorder Town-Clerke and two Sergeants at Mace The elevation of whose Pole is in the degree of Latitude 54. and 58. scruples and her Longitude removed from the first West point unto the degree 17. and 40. scruples 7 This Countrey in divers places suffereth the force of many flowing tydes of the Sea by which after a sort it doth violently rent asunder one part of the Shire from the other as in Fourenesse where the Ocean being displeased that the shore should from thence shoot a maine way into the West hath not obstinately ceased from time to time to flash and mangle it and with his fell irruptions and boysterous tydes to devoure it Another thing there is not unworthy to be recommended to memory that in this Shire not farre from Fourenesse Fels the greatest standing water in all England called Winander-Mere lieth stretched out for the space of ten miles of wonderfull depth and all paved with stone in the bottome and along the Sea-side in many places may be seene heapes of sand upon which the people powre water untill it recover a saltish humour which they afterwards boyle with Turfes till it become white Salt 8 This Countrey as it is thus on the one side freed by the naturall resistance of the Sea from the force of Invasions so is it strengthned on the other by many Castles and fortified places that take away the opportunitie of making Roades and Incursions in the Countrey And as it was with the first that felt the furie of the Saxon crueltie so was it the last and longest that was subdued under the West-Saxon Monarchie 9 In this Province our noble Arthur who died laden with many trophies of honour is reported by Ninius to have put the Saxons to flight in a memorable battle neere Douglasse a little Brooke not farre from the Town of Wiggin But the attempts of warre as they are severall so they are uncertaine for they made not Duke Wade happy in this successe but returned him an unfortunate enterpriser in the Battle which he gave to Ardulph King of Northumberland at Billangho in the yeare 798. So were the events uncertaine in the Civill Wars of Yorke and Lancaster for by them was bred and brought forth that bloudy division and fatall strife of the Noble Houses that with variable successe to both parties for many yeares together molested the peace and quiet of the Land and defiled the earth with bloud in such violent manner that it exceeded the horrour of those Civill Warres in Rome that were betwixt Marius aud Sylla Pompey and Caesar Octavius and Antony or that of the two renowned Houses Valoys and Burbon that a long time troubled the State of France for in the division of these two Princely Families there were thirteene fields fought and three Kings of England one Prince of Wales twelve Dukes one Marques eighteene Earles one Vicount and three and twentie Barons besides Knights and Gentlemen lost their lives in the same Yet at last by the happy marriage of Henry the seventh King of England next heire to the House of Lancaster with Elizabeth daughter and heire to Edward the fourth of the House of Yorke the white and red Roses were conjoyned in the happy uniting of those two divided Families from whence our thrice renowned Soveraigne Lord King Iames by faire sequence and succession doth worthily enjoy the Diademe by the benefit of whose happy government this Countie Palatine of Lancaster is prosperous in her Name and Greatnesse 10 I find the remembrance of foure Religious houses that have beene founded within this County and since suppressed both faire for structure and building and rich for seat and situation namely Burstogh Whalleia Holland and Penwortham It is
Cattle being neither stored with arable grounds to bring forth the one norpasturage to breed up the other the principal profit that the people of this Province raise unto themselves is by Cloathing 7 The chiefest place of which is Kandale or Kendale called also Kirkeby Kendale standing on the bank of the river Can. This Towne is of great trade and resort and for the diligent and industrious practice of making Cloath so excels the rest that in regard thereof it carrieth a supereminent name above them and hath great vent and traffick for her woollen Cloaths through all the parts of England It challengeth not much glory for Antiquitie onely this it accounteth a great credit that it hath dignified three Earles with the title thereof as Iohn Duke of Bedford whom Henry the fift being his brother advanced to that honour Iohn Duke of Sommerset and Iohn de Foix whom King Henry the sixt preferred to that dignitie for his honourable and trustie services done in the French Warres It is a place of very civill and orderly Government the which is managed by an Alderman chosen every yeare out of his twelve Brethren who are all distinguished and notified from the rest by the wearing of Purple garments The Alderman and his Senior Brother are alwayes Justices of Peace and Quorum There are in it a Town-Clerke a Recorder two Sergeants at Mace and two Chamberlaines By Mathematicall observation the site of this Towne is in the degree of Longitude 17.30 scruples from the first West point and the Pole elevated in Latitude to the degree 55. and 15. minutes 8 Places of memorable note for Antiquitie are Verterae mentioned by Antonine the Emperour and Aballaba which we contractly call Apelby In the one the Northern English conspired against William the Conquerour in the beginning of the Norman government In the other the Aurelian Maures kept a station in the time of the Romanes their high street is yet apparantly to be seen by the ridges therof which lead by Apelby to a place called Brovonacum mentioned in the Booke of Provinciall notices The anticke pieces of Roman Coyne otherwhiles digged up hereabouts and some inscriptions not long since found shew of what continuance they have been although Time which devoureth all things hath so fed upon their carkasses many ages together as it hath almost consumed both houses and Inhabitants For Apelby now is bare both of people and building and were it not for the antiquitie that makes it the more estimable in whose Castle the Assises are commonly kept it would be little better in account then a Village Verterae is long since decayed and the name of it changed into Burgh for it is cōmonly named Burgh under Stanemore In which it is said a Romane Captain made his abode with a band of Directores in the declining age of the Roman Empire These two places William of Newborough calleth Princely Holds and writeth that William King of Scots a little before he himselfe was taken prisoner at Alnewicke surprized them on a suddain but K. Iohn recovered them after and liberally bestowed them upon Robert Vipont for his many worthy services 9 There is mention made but of one religious house that hath bin in all this Country and that was a little Monastery seated neere unto the River Loden built by Thomas the sonne of Gospatrick the sonne of Orms where there is a fountaine or spring that ebbes and flowes many times a day and it is thought that some notable act of atchievement hath been performed there for that there be huge stones in forme of Pyramides some nine foote high and fourteen foot thick ranged for a mile in length directly in a row and equally distant which might seeme to have bin there purposely pitched in memory thereof but what that Act was is not now knowne but quite worne out of remembrance by times injury 10 Other matters worthy observation are onely these that at Amboglana now called Amble-side neere the upper corner of Wimander-mear there appeares at this day the ruines of an ancient Citie which by the British Brickes by Roman-money oftentimes found there by High-wayes paved leading unto it and other likelihoods seemes to have beene a worke of the Romanes The Fortresse therof so long fenced with a ditch and rampire that it tooke up in length one hundred thirty two Ells and in bredth eight There are also neere Kendale in the River Can two Catadupae or Waterfals where the waters descend with such a forcible downefall that it compels a mighty noise to be heard which the neighbour Inhabitants make such use of as they stand them in as good stead as Prognostications for when that which standeth North from them soundeth more cleare and with a louder eccho in their eares they certainely looke for faire weather to follow But when that on the South doth the like they expect foggy mists and showres of raine 11 This Province is traded with foure Market-Towns fortified with the strength of seven Castles and hath 26. Parishes in it for the celebration of Divine service THE COUNTIE WESTMORLAND AND KENDALE THE CHEIF TOWNE DESCRIBED With the Armes of Such Nobles as have bene Earles of either of them ¶ An Alphabeticall Table of all the Tovvnes Rivers and memorable places mentioned in Westmorland A AMbleside APPLEBY Great Ashby Little Ashby Askham B Banton Barborne Chappell Barnside Barrow Flu. Barton The Beacon Below Flu. Betham Blaterne Bolton Branton Brederdale head Brederdale foote Brigsterparke Brougham Castle Buley Castle Burberk Flu. Burgh Castle Buriels Burton Burton C Caber Camswick Parke Chappollan Claperyate Cleborn Cliston Colnhead Parke Cottes flat Coulby Cowgarth Crakenthorp Croke Crosby-Garret Crosby-Ravensworth Croscrake Crostermond Crosthwaite D Depedale Dribek Drivevers Duston E Eden Flu. F Farleton Farleton Fawsetwood Firbanke G Gilse Glenkroden Glenkwen Flu. Grarigge hall Gresmere H Harberwen Hartshop hall Hartley Castle Hawse Helbeck Helstonlathe Helton Helton Heltondale Helvillon hill Hoffe Holimill Crosse. Howgill Castle I The Inges K Saint Katharins Kellathe KENDALL Kendall Castle Kentmere Killington KIRKBY Steven KIRKBY Landall Kirkby Thuet Kirkland Knock. Knothill L Little Langdale Great Langdale Langdale Langrig Lanridge Lanton Levens Bridge Lowther Lune Flu. M Mallerstange Mallerstange Forrest Malmesborne Markendale Chappell Marton Meborne Methap Middleton Milborne Milkinthorp Morlan Morton Morton Great Musgrave Little Musgrave Mylnthorp N Naneworth Nathy Newbiggin Newbiggin Nine Churches O Oddelden Oddelden Parke Little Ormeside Great Ormeside Orton P Paterdale Pendragon Castle Preston Chappell R Raisgill hall Rasebeck Rasgill Ravinstangdale Regill Runthwate S Seggeswick Selfted hall Shales Shapp Siserghe Sleddale Slegill Sleelmere Smardale Soulby Sowerby Sput Flu. Striklands Stainmore Stanley Stokbridge Sunbiggin T Templesowerby Thornthwate Thurnby Trout Bek Trout Bek Tybay V Vnderbarrow W Warcop Wastall head Wastall foote Watland Warton hall Whinfield Whinfield hill Whinfield Forrest Wickerslack Winderworth Winton Witherslak Wynster Flu. Wynster Chappell
Caroke Castlesteed Caswald howe Catterley Cauthwate Chappell of the grune Church Cladbek Clifton Coker Flu. Corryhouse COKERMOVTH Combe whitton Copeland Copeland forrest Corby Castle Corno Cote hill Cristenbury crag Crokedale Croglin Church Little Croglin Crosby Crosby Crosthate Croston Cumcatith Culgaith Cumrew D Dacor Flu. Dacor castle Dalemane Dalegarth Darwent fels Darwen Flu. Darwent Flu. Darwen Iland Dauston Dauston hall Denok Flu. Dent hill Denton hall Over Denton Nether Denton Dereham Derwentfote Haven Devonby Deyn. Distinton Douthwait P. Drigg Drumbugh castle Dubmill Dudden Flu. Dunbalrasse stones E Eden Flu. Eden Flu. Ednell Eglesfeild EGREMOND Eimont Flu. Elne Flu. Elneboro Emleton Emsaugh Enerdale Esgill Esk Flu. Eskdale F Fedington Fingland Flimby Forlam Fornside G Gamlesby Gamleby Gargill The Gele crag Gelt Flu. Gilcrosse Gilsland Glasenby Glasen Gofforth The Grange Grastocke Castle Grinsdale Grisedale H Hale Harbybrow Kard-knot Hareridge Hall Harinton Harington Harper hill Hathewate Haton Castle Haton Haughton Hay castle Helbeck crag Hestedach Heskew Hesket Highgate Highyate castle Holme The Horse Head The Houses Hudles kew Huthwate Huton Huton Iohn I IERBY Inglewood forrest S. Iohns S. Iohns Iohnby Irthing Flu. Irton Iet Flu. Isle Itenfeild Itunebay K KESWICK Kirbek Flu. Kirkanders Kirkby The Kirksop foot L The Laith The Lamiford Lamonby Lampley Langanby Langnewton Lasen Lasenby Lathes S. Laurence Legburgh wate Lenecroft White Leven Kirk Leventon Lenton Flu. Black Leven Flu. The Lies Limers dale Lorton Lowbyer Lowswater Lynstoke Castle West Lynton M The Masthorn Materdale Old Mawborow Medowhushwood Melmerby Mewtoo beacon S. Michaels chappell Millum Castle Millum Castle Millum Milne hill Momaster Moresby Mosedale The Mote Motherby The Mynes Royall The Mynes Myterdale N Naworth castle Netherby Newbiggen Newbiggin Newby Newland chappell New-lathes New-more Newton in Ardale Nunny O Orton Overhall Ousby Outerbye Owterside Owton P Pap-castle PENRETH Penrodok Petterell Petterell wrey Plumland Pole Portinskal Pottrose Flu. Punsonby R Raby-Cotes Rauderside hall RAVENGLAS Raughton head chappell Rawthate Redmane Reunok Ribton The Rose castle Rotherby Rowcliffe castle Rowcliffe S Saberham Salkeldes Sawbarron Scalbye Scalby Castle Scascall Seaton Seaton Sellofeld Setmurther Silluth Silverside Skelton Skiddow hill Skinburnesse Skirwith Skutterby Stafle Stainton Stangartiksed Stanwix Stannborn Stapleton Sollome Mosse Sowerby Sowporte Sowterfeild Spade Adam Shire stones upon Wrenosse Sunderland T Tallantre Tarraby Taukin Thakthwate Thornthwate Threlcot Thurbury Flu. Thuresbye Thwate South Tyne Flu. Tomwat hill Torpenny The new Towne Tretermane Trout Bek V Vent Flu. Uffay parke Uldale Ulles Flu. Ullok Unerigg Unthank Unthank Uprightby W Wakthwate Waleton Wampul Flu. VVampall VVardall VVarnell VVarton VVarwick VVasdale chappell Nether Wasdale VVatenlath VVathermelak VVawburthwat WERKINTON VVestward Westward forrest VVesthall Wetherall Whidbek Whitridge Whithaven Whitlaton VVhittyham Whitelose Wiborne Widehope Winsgell With hill Kirses VVold VVulsty Castle THE Countie of Northumberland which the English Saxons called Nort-humberlond hath on the South the Bishopricke of Durham being shut in with the River Derwent and with Tyne the North is confined upon Scotland the West upon part of Scotland and part of Cumberland the East-side lieth altogether upon the Sea called Mare-Germanicum 2 The forme thereof is Triangle and differs not much in the sidings for from her South-East unto the South West-point are neere unto fortie miles from thence to her North-point are sixtie miles and her base along the Sea-shore fortie-five miles The whole in circumference is about one hundred fourtie five miles 3 The Ayre must needs be subtle and piercing for that the Northernly parts are most exposed to extremity of weathers as great windes hard frosts and long lying of snowes c. Yet would it be farre more sharper then it is were not the Germane Seas a ready means to futher the dissolution of her Ice and Snow and the plentie of Coales there gotten a great helpe to comfort the bodie with warmth and defend the bitter coldnesse 4 The Soyle cannot be rich having neither fertility of ground for corne or cattell the most part of it being rough and in every place hard to be manured save onely towards the Sea and the River Tyne where by the great diligence and industrious paines of good husbandry that part is become very fruitfull 5 The ancient Inhabitants of this Countrey mentioned by Ptolemy were called Ottalini Ottadeny and Ottadini which by an easie alteration as Master Cambden saith if it had beene called Ottatini signifying above the Tyne or on the further side of Tyne for so this people were planted there would have beene much consonance both with the name of the Inhabitants and the Position and Site of the Province 6 The chiefest commoditie that enricheth this Countie are those stones Linthancraces which we call Sea-coales whereof there is such plentie and abundance digged up as they doe not onely returne a great gaine to the Inhabitants but procure also much pleasure and profit to others 7 No place of this Province vents forth so many of these Sea-coales into other regions as Newcastle doth being the very eye of all the Townes in this Countie for it doth not onely minister reliefe by such provision to all other parts of England but doth also furnish the wants of forraine Countries with her plentie By meanes of this and the intercourse of Trafficke which it hath the place is growne exceeding rich and populous Before the Conquest it was called Monk-chester having beene as it seemed in the possession of Monkes and Chester being added which signifies a bulwark or place of defence shewes that in ancient time it had been a place of fortification 8 After the Conquest it got the name of Newcastle by the new Castle which Robert the Sonne of William the Conquerour built there out of the ground What it was called in old time is not knowne yet some are of opinion that it may be thought to have been Gatrosentum for that Gateshead the suburbe as it were of the same expresseth in the owne proper signification that British name Gatrosentum It is now most ennobled both by the Haven which Tyne maketh of that notable depth that it beareth very tall ships and is able to defend them against storms and tempests As also by many favours and honours where with it hath beene dignified by Princes for Richard the second granted that a Sword should be carried before the Maior and Henry the sixt made it a Countie consisting of a Corporation within it selfe It is adorned with foure Churches and fortified with strong walls that have eight gates It is distant from the first West line 21. degrees and 30. minutes and from the Equinoctiall line towards the North pole 34. degrees and 57. minutes 9 The utmost towne in England and the strongest hold in all Britaine is Barwick From whence it had the name is not certainely made knowne Some fetch it from Berengarius a Duke never read of some say it was called Beornica-Æ¿ic in the old English-Saxon
in their customes and conditions they come neerer the civill fashions of the English Other matters of moment I finde not worthy to be recorded It hath ten Parishes and one Market Towne being also a Haven and is called S. Peters Port built close by the Peere and Castle Cornet IERSEY THe two Ilands Iersey and Garnsey being the only remaines of the Dukedome of Normandie that in former times many yeers together was in the possession and under the command of the Kings of England annexing therunto a large territory and glorious title to the Crowne are both seated in the Sea called Mare Britannicum the Ocean parting them a good distant asunder and are now both adjuncts and within the circuit of Hampshire For the first being the Isle of Iersey it lyeth upon the British Sea having on the North parts the Coast of Hampshire and on the South the Countrie of Normandie 2 This Iland is long not much unlike the fashion of an egge It containes in length from Sentwon Poole upon the West to Mount Orguil Castle on the East ten miles and in bredth from Dubon Point to Plymount bay six miles the whole circuit of the Iland being thirtie eight miles It is distant from a little Iland called Alderney about foure leagues It was in old time called Caesarea whether from Iulius Octavius or any the other Caesars that followed is unknown But the French-men have by corruption of speech long time called it Iersey 3 It is a very delightsome and healthfull Iland and giveth a pleasant aspect unto the seas It lyeth South-ward not farre from a craggy ridge of rocks which is much feared of the Mariners and makes the passage that way very dangerous howbeit it serves for a forcible defence against Pirats or any strangers that attempt invasion and they are termed Casquets 4 The Soile is very fertile bringing forth store of Corn and Cattle but especially of Sheep that are of reasonable bignesse the most of them bearing foure hornes a peece Their wooll very fine and white of which the Inhabitants make their Jersey Stockings which are ordinarily to be had in most parts of England and yeeld a great commoditie unto the Iland 5 The first originall of the Inhabitants sprung either from the Normans or Britains or both They speake French though after a corrupt manner and have continued their names language customes and Countrey without any or little intermixture these many hundred yeers having been under the jurisdiction of the English ever since the untimely and unnaturall death of Robert Duke of Normandie eldest sonne to William the Conquerour 6 The people of this Countrey live very pleasantly as well by the profits of the Land as the helps and furtherances of the Sea that yeelds unto them and especially in Summer season great store of fish but principally Conger and Lobsters the greatest and fattest upon the coast of England Wood is very scant for their best fuell is Turfe some Coale they have brought unto them but it is very deare straw furre and ferne serving their ordinary uses The middle part of the Iland hath many prety Hils rising in it yeelding a delightfull object unto the vallies that receive from one another a mutuall pleasure 7 The Governour of the I le is the Captaine thereof who appointeth certaine Officers under him the principall of whom carrieth the name and title of a Bailiffe that in civill causes hath the assistance of twelve Jurats to determine of differences and minister Justice in criminall matters seven in matters of reason and conscience five Their twelve are chosen out of the twelve Parishes so that no man goeth further to complaine then to his own Jurate in ordinary controversies but matters of moment and difficultie are determined before the Bailiffe in a generall meeting 8 This I le hath two little Ilands adjacent the one S. Albons the other Hillary Iland It hath twelve Parishes and foure Castles No other Monuments of name or note THE SECOND BOOKE Containing THE PRINCIPALITY OF WALES DELIVERING An exact Topographie of the COUNTIES Divisions of their CANTREVES and COMMOTS Descriptions of their CITIES and Shire-TOVVNES WITH A COMPENDIOVS RELATION OF THINGS MOST MEMORABLE IN EVERY OF THEM Performed BY JOHN SPEED LONDON Printed by Iohn Legatt for William Humble 1646. Cum Privilegio DIEV ET MON DROIT ✚ HONI ✚ SOIT ✚ QVI MAL ✚ Y ✚ PENSE ✚ A Catalogue of such Princes sprung from THE ROYALL STEMME OF THE ENGLISH KINGS AS HAVE BEENE Entituled PRINCES OF WALES since the time of that Countries last Conquest and first voluntary subjection under King EDVVARD the First 1 Edward Carnarvon named afterwards Edward 2. son to K. Edward 1. 2 Edward of Windsor afterwards Edward the third 3 Edward the Black Prince sonne to K. Edward 3. 4 Richard of Burdeux sonne to the Black Prince afterwards R. 2. 5 Henry of Monmouth sonne to Henry 4. afterwards H. 5. 6 Henry of Windsor the sonne of Henry 5. afterwards H. 6. 7 Edward of Westminster the sonne of K. H. 6. 8 Edward of Westminster the sonne of K. Edw. 4. 9 Edward the sonne of K. Richard the third 10 Arthur the sonne of K. Henry the seventh 11 Henry the sonne of K. H. 7. afterwards K. H. 8. 12 Edward the sonne of H. 8. afterwards K. Edw. 6. 13 Mary the daughter of K. H. 8. 14 Elizabeth the daughter of K. H. 8. 15 HENRY the sonne of K. IAMES our Soveraigne THE NAMES OF THE COVNTIES IN WALES AS THEY ARE NOVV NVMBRED AND ANNEXED VNTO THE ENGLISH Crowne in such order as we have described them 1 Pembroke-shire 2 Caermarden-shire 3 Glamorgan-shire 4 Brecknock-shire 5 Radnor-shire 6 Cardigan-shire 7 Mountgomery-shire 8 Merioneth-shire 9 Denbigh-shire 10 Flint-shire 11 Caernarvon-shire 12 Anglesey Isle THE GENERALL DESCRIPTION AND SEVERALL DIVISIONS OF THE PRINCIPALITIE OF WALES ANtiquitie hath avouched that the whole Isle of Britaine was divided into three parts The first and fairest lay contained within the French Seas the Rivers of Severne Dee and Humber called then Lhoyger which name it â—â—t retaineth in Weâ—sh in English called England The second part occupied all the Land North-ward from Humber to the Orkney Sea called by the Latines Mare Caleâ—nium or Deucalidonium now famously known by the name of Scotland The third part was this lying betwixt the Irish Seas the Rivers Severne and Dee and was called Cambria which name doth yet continue with them though we the English call it Wales as the people Welshmen which is strange and strangers for so at this day the dwellers of Tyroll in the higher Germany whence our Saxons are said to have come doe name the Italian their next neighbour a Welsh-man and his language Welsh 2 This opinion Verstegan doth altogether contradict rather judging by the ancient Teutonicke tongue which the Germans spake and wherein the G is pronounced for W that these Saxons called them Gallish from the Gaules whence their originall proceeded rather then Wallish from
at one end and narrow at another is not much unlike in fashion to a wedge a peece of which is cut off by the meeting of Cheshire and Denbigh-shire South-East in distance some foure miles It borders East-ward with part of Cheshire from whence it is garded in length with the River Dee unto the North which parteth Worral and Flint-shire till you come to a little Iland called Hell-bree Northward it is bounded with the Virginian Sea on the West a little River called Cluyd parteth her and Denbigh-shire asunder and on the South altogether by Shrop-shire 2 This Countrey is nothing Mountainous as other parts of Wales are but rising gently all along the River of Dee makes a faire shew and prospect of her selfe to every eye that beholds her as well upon the River being in most places there-abouts foure or five miles broad as upon the other side thereof being a part of Cheshire 3 The Ayre is healthfull and temperate without any foggy clouds or fenny vapours saving that sometimes there ariseth from the Sea and the River Dee certaine thick and smoky-seeming mists which neverthelesse are not found hurtfull to the Inhabitants who in this part live long and healthfully 4 The Clime is somewhat colder there then in Cheshire by reason of the Sea and the River that engirts the better part of her by which the Northerne winds being long carried upon the waters blow the more cold and that side of the Countrey upward that lyeth shoaring unto the top having neither shelter nor defence receiveth them in their full power and is naturally a Bulwarke from their violence unto her bordering neighbours that maketh the snow to lye much longer there then on the other side of the River 5 The Soile bringeth forth plenty both of Corne and grasse as also great store of Cattle but they be little To supply which defect they have more by much in their numbers then in other places where they be bigger Great store of Fish they take in the River of Deâ— but little from the Sea by reason they have no Havens or Creekes for boates No great store of Woods either there or in any other part of Wales are found it having beene a generall plague unto all the Countrey ever since the head-strong rebellions of their Princes and great men against the Kings of England that in time tooke away the principall helpes of their Innovations by cutting downe their woods whereof in this Shire there hath heretofore beene great plenty Fruits are scarce but Milke Butter and Cheese plenty as also store of Honey of the which they make a pleasant Wine in colour like in taste not much unlike unto Muskadine which they call Matheglin Yea and in the dayes of Giraldus Cambrensis neere the place now called Holy-Well was a rich Mine of Silver in seeking after which men pierced and pryed into the very bowels of the earth 6 The ancient Inhabitants of this Country were the Ordovices a sturdy people against the Romans but now most kind and gentle towards the English and indeed make much of all strangers except they be crossed and then they are the contrary 7 Places of defence are the Castles of Flint Hawarden vulgarly Harden Treer Rudland Mold Yowley and Hope of which Flnt and Harden are the two principall The Castle of Flint famous for the benefit it received from two Kings and for the refuge and reliefe it gave unto the third It was founded by Henry the second finished by Edward the first and long after gave harbour and entertainment to that Noble but unfortunate Prince Richard the second comming out of Ireland being within her walles a free and absolute King but no sooner without but taken prisoner by Henry Bullinbroke Duke of Lancaster losing at that time his liberty and not long after his life This standeth in the graduation of Latitude 53 55. minutes in Longitude 17. For the Castle of Hawarden no record remaines of the first Founder but that it was held a long time by the Stewards of the Earles of Chester Howbeit their resistances did not so generally consist in the strength of their Castles and Fortifications as in their Mountaines and Hills which in times of danger served as naturall Bulwarkes and Defences unto them against the force of enemies As was that which standeth in a certaine strait set about with Woods neere unto the River Alen called Coles-hull that is Coles-hill where the English by reason of their disordered multitude not ranged close in good array lost the field and were defeated when King Henry the second had made as great preparation as might be to give battell unto the Welsh and the very Kings Standard was forsaken by Henry of Essex who was Standard bearer to the King of England in right of inheritance 8 This Country hath many shallow Rivers in it but none of fame and note but d ee and Cluyde Howbeit there is a Spring not farre from Rudland Castle of great report and antiquity which is termed Fons Sacer in English Holy-Well and is also commonly called Saint Winefrids Well of whom antiquity thus reporteth That Winefrid a Christian Virgin very faire and vertuous was doated upon by a young lustfull Prince or Lord of the Countrey who not being able to rule his head-strong affections having many times in vaine attempted and tryed her chastitie both by rich gifts and large promises could not by any meanes obtaine his desires he therefore in a place of advantage suddenly surprized and ravished her weake yet resisting body After the deed done the cruell Tyrant to stop her cryes and acclamations slew her and cut off her head out of which place did suddenly arise a Spring that continueth to this day carrying from the Fountaine such a forcible streame and current as the like is not found in Christendome Over the head of the Spring there is built a Chappell of free-stone with Pillars curiously wrought and ingraved in the Chancell whereof and Glasse-window the picture of the Virgin is drawne together with the memoriall of her life and death To this Fountaine Pilgrims are accustomed to repaire in their zealous but blind devotion and divers others resort to bathe in holding firmely that the water is of much vertue There be many red stones in the bottome of this Well and much greene mosse growing upon the sides the superstition of the people holding that those red spots in the stones were drops of the Ladies blood which all the water in the Spring can never wash away and that the mosse about the wall was her haire which though some of it be given to every stranger that comes yet it never wasteth But howsoever this be carried for truth by the tradition of time the mosse it selfe smells exceeding sweet There is also hard by Kilken a small village within this County a little Well of no great note that at
sithay Tyn. Llanvair ycromwd Men. Llanvaiergwin pull gingill Ty. Llanvair ynghowrnyw Tal. Llanvailog Llyf. Llanvais Tyn. Llanverion Mall Lanvigail Taly Llanvihangle ymhemros Twr Llanvihangell Llyf. Llanvihangle yskiwiog Men. Llanvihangell treâ—z bard Tw Llanuwrog Taly Llnwenllwife Twrk Llanyddeysant Taly Llanyughenell Llyf. Llanyhangel Tyn. Llany trysavit Llyf. Llech ryd Llyf. Llech-gyn farwy Llyf. Llinon Flu. Lloydearth Twrk Lluidon Meney Llyn Corran Mall M Chappell Maier Mall Malltraeth Flu. Mathhanan Flu. Menai flu N NEWBVRGH M. Place Newith Tyn. P Penmynid Meney Pentreath Tyn. Pontrid pont Taly Pontourid Tyn. Porthamble Mene. Porthathuferye Tyn. Preceadduet Llyf. Prestholme Island Tyn. The Priorye Tyn. R Redgynt Meney Redigilio Meney Rosbeiro Twrk Rownd Table hill Tyn. S Saint Sirian Tyn. The Sound Tyn. T Chappell Talallayn Mall Talyllin Twrk Tresdraeth Mall Tregavon Mene. Trevarthin Mene. Trewalchmay Llyf. Trysylwin hils Tw Y Ycoedon Twrk Chappell Yloughroid Taly THE THIRD BOOKE Containing A GENERALL VIEVV OF THE KINGDOME OF SCOTLAND THE COVNTIES DIVIDED AND ILANDS THEREOF DESCRIBED AS BY OTHERS HATH BEEN OBSERVED WITH A BRIEFE RELATION OF SVNDRY MEMORABLE THINGS THEREIN CONTAINED BY JOHN SPEED LONDON Printed by Iohn Legatt for William Humble 1646. Cum Privilegio DIEV ET MON DROIT ✚ HONI ✚ SOIT ✚ QVI MAL ✚ Y ✚ PENSE The Divisions of SCOTLAND THIS KINGDOM IS PRINCIPALLY DIVIDED INTO TWO PARTS NORTH AND SOVTH OF THE RIVER TAYE IN THE NORTH COVNTRIES 1 Loquabrea Buquhan 8 2 Braidalbin Murray 9 3 Perth Rosse 10 4 Athol Sutherland 11 5 Anguish Cathanes 12 6 Mern Strathnavern 13 7 Marr.  IN THE SOVTH 1 Teifidale Arran 12 2 Merch. Cluydesdale 13 3 Lauden Lennox 14 4 Liddesdale Stirling 15 5 Eskedale Fife 16 6 Annandale Strathern 17 7 Niddesdale Menteith 18 8 Galloway Argile 19 9 Carrick Cantire 20 10 Kyle Lorn 21 11 Cunningham  SVBDIVIDED ACCORDING TO THEIR CIVILL GOVERNMENT COVNTRIES OR SHERIFDOMES Edenburgh Perth Linlythque Clackmannan Selkirk Kinros Roxburgh Fife Peblis Kincardin Berwick Forfair Lanark Aberden Renfrew Bamff Dunfreis Elgin Wighton Forres Ayre Narne Bute Innernesse Argyle Cromartie Tarbet Orknay Dunbarton Shetland STEVVARDIES Menteith Kircudbright Strathern Annandale  BAILERIES Kyle  Carrick  Cunningham  CONSTABLERY Hadington ALL FOR THE BEST THE TYPE OF THE FAMOVS KINGDOM OF SCOTLAND VVITH A GENERALL DESCRIPTION OF SVNDRY THINGS REMARKEABLE THEREIN CHAPTER I. SCOTLAND the second Kingdome of Great Britaine and the North part of the Iland hath on the East the Germane Ocean on the North the Orkneyes and Deucalidon Sea the West affronted with Ireland and the South hath the River Tweed the Cheviot Hils and the adjacent Tract reaching to the Sulway Sands whereby it is separated from England 2 This Kingdome is faire and spacious and from these South-borders spreadeth it selfe wide into the East and West till againe it contracts it selfe narrower unto the Northerne Promontories furnished with all things befitting a famous Kingdome both for Aire and Soyle Rivers Woods Mountaines Fish Fowle and Cattle and Corne so plenteous that it supplyeth therewith other Countreys in their want The people thereof are of good feature â—â—â—ong of body and of couragious minde and in warres so venturous that scarce any service of note hath been performed but that they were with the first and last in the field Their Nobilitie and Gentry are very studious of learning and all civill knowledge for which end they not onely frequent the three Vniversities of their own Kingdom S. Andrews Glasco and Edenborough the Nurseries of Pietie and Mansions of the sacred Muses but also much addict themselves to travell into forein Countries 3 The Counties contained in this Kingdome are many and every where bestrewed with Cities Townes and Borrowes as is that of England and as England I entended to describe it had I not been happily prevented by a learned Gentleman of that Nation who hath most exactly begun and gone through the greatest difficulties thereof to build upon whose foundations I hold it injurious and am so farre from any ambition to prevent his noble purposes that I heartily wish all happy furtherances thereto with a longing desire to see by his industrious labours another Scene added to the perfecting of the Theater of Britains Glory 4 Yet in the meane while lest I should seeme too defective in my intendments let me without offence in this third though short Book give onely a generall view of that Kingdome upon observations from others which to accomplish by mine own survey if others should hap to fayle and my crazy aged body will give leave is my chiefe desire knowing the Iland furnished with many worthy remembrances appertaining both unto them and us whom GOD now hath set under one Crowne and the rather for that their more Southerne people are from the same Originall with us the English being both alike the Saxon branches as also that the Picts anciently inhabiting part of that Kingdome were the inborne Britains and such as thither sled to avoyd the Romane servitude whose names began first to be distinguished under Dioclesian the Emperour when they were termed Picti for painting their bodies like the Britains as saith Flavius Vegetius which is more strengthened for that the Northerne Britains converted by Saint Columb are called Britaine Picts 5 But the Highland-men the naturall Scot indeed are supposed to descend from the Scythians who with the Getes infesting Ireland left both their Issue there and their manners apparent in the Wild Irish even to this day And from Scythae as is thought the name of Scot grew for so the Netherlanders by Scutten expresse indifferently the Scythian or Scot so Gildas calleth the Irish Britains Scythians so King Elfred in translating the History of Orosius turneth Scotos into Scyttan and so saith Walsingham from one and the same originall Scythae Scytici Scotae Scotici take their names as from Getae Getici Gothi Gothici have done 6 Their Manners were alike saith Diodurus Siculus and Strabo and their garments not much differing as by Sidonius Apollinaris may be gathered where he seemeth rather to describe the moderne Wild Irish then the antike Gete Notwithstanding this Nations Originall by some hath been derived from Scota the supposed Daughter of the Aegyptian King Pharaoh that nourished Moses afterwards married unto Gaithelus the sonne of Cecrops Founder of Athens who first seating in Spaine passed thence into Ireland and lastly into Scotland where his wife Scota gave Name to the Nation if we beleeve that they hit the marke who shoot at the Moone 7 But that the Scythians came into Spain besides the Promontory bearing their Name Scythicum Silius Italicus a Spaniard born doth shew who bringeth the Concavi a Nation therein seated from the Massagetae which were the Scythians and the Sarmatae whom all confesse to have been Scythians were the builders as he saith of the Citie Susanna in Spain And how from Spain they possessed themselves of Ireland at the time when the Kingdome of Iudah flourished Niâ—ius
Kildareth cor Kilfraer lim M. Kilgo cor Kilgobin cor Kilkenny tip Killare cor Kilmalck lim Kilmoghney tip Kilmoghney tip Kilmokwods cor Kilmore des Kilmure des Kilny Colle des Kinsaleheg wa Knaum tip Knight of the Valley lim Kno-Brandon ker Knochone des Knock-bernella Tip. Knochorden tip Knock dromed cor Knock eroglo Skardy ker Knockgraffon tip Knockhore des Knockhore wa Knock money lim Knocknur des Knock Patrick lim Knock Recket wa Knocksaloghil tip Knockshelbren cor Knock union des Knock weldon wa Knoclonio lim Korkbeg cor Kylbrytayn cor c. Kylcasse tip c. Kylhagha ker M. Kylharnon ker Kylhusteney ker Kylm Thomas wa Kylmayglin cor Kylne mannogh tip Kylnoglose ker M. Kylnolan ker Kylphell tip Kylyland ker Kyllygray cor c. Kyllynan lim KYNSALE cor Kyrnenan ker The Knight of Kyry ker L Lacrenon ker Laghera lim b. Lancan cor Lanras des c. Lany des E. Laternis cor c. Leaver ker Lâ— Legh lough des Lemcon des Lemortkaol ker Lestsyn cor Letter ker c. Leughan tip b. Likodone lim LIMERICK lim Linde ker c. Lisegriffin cor Liskin lim b. Lismalin tip Lismolkey tip Lismore wa Lisronogh tip Lixnayo ker Loaghyne cor Lome flu Longhill lim c. Lon mayne ker Lough cor c. Lough cor c. Lough ker Loughman tip Loughan des Lough Barnsey des Lough of Inets tip Lyn lim b. Lynyliro cor c. Lyons cor Lystoule ker Lystor ker b. Lyx flu Baron of Lyxnay lim M Mac Owine lim Magonien ker Magriffin tip Magronne cor c. Mahund des Mac mahund cor Malhanna cor m. Malogh cor c. Manamore des m. Mang ker c. Mang flu Manian ker c. Mare flu Mare cor c. Mare tip b. Marow ker c. Martir cor Mayne flu Michael des M. Michaen ker Miles lough wa Miner ker c. Mockarle tip Mockay tip b. Mocolagh des Moenter vary des Moghan flu Mogholl wa M. Mogobert tip Mokella cor Moleshen lim Mollinax tip Mollochdeere des Mollogasshe des Molloghmona wa Mollogh flu Molloghen wa Monegh cor m. Monhard tip Monks cor b. More des c. More flu Mores ker Moore des Moore flu or Brodwater des Mountaines delees wa Muskere-Querk tip Muskere cor Muskery Gaghnogh ker Myles cor c. Mysker flu Myslen head des N Narra lim c. Narrowater cor Nashe lim c. Nath cor b. Nay tip b. Neith tip b. Never cor c. Newcastle wa Newcastell kenry lim Newcast wa Newchurch wa Newtowne ker Newtowne lim Newtowne wa Nicoll tip b. Nody tip c. Noght tip O. Non ker c. Now tip b. O Ogge cor Ogham lim S. Owin Oswiliant des Ottan ker m. P Palace tip Palace lim Palace wa Palace ker Palace-lough tip Passage wa Pelgoran des Perles cor c. The 12. great Hilles of Phelem Ghemadona Tip. Phillips cor Piltowne wa C. Polloguere Cor. Pollydragh des Pollyre des Lord Power Wa. Pracok Cor. Pracok cor Q Quella cor B. Point Bally Quella Wa. Quella Wa. B. R Rabbe lim Rabony lim Raffenin cor Raghanan lim Rahust cor Ranaker tip Raphone cor Rariglas cor Rathan Cor. M. Raton ker M. Ray cor B. Ray cor C. Redman cor C. Renie cor B. Renlon des I. Rephnogh flu Reseletan cor Rikard cor c. Rimbella flu Ringer cor Ringrango cor c. Rishe Isle ker Robe lim c. Roch cor L. Roch Tip. B. Rock glaskon cor Romore lim Roretogh flu Rosbrenon des Rosse cor Rosthyche cor John Reynogh Wa. The great Ryghes ker S Salmon Lp des Sanan ker c. Sartbeg Tip. Saton Lim. Seaven Castles cor Seale des Seron calp cor Sewer flu Sewer flu Sharen cor B. Sheappoly cor Shepes-head des Shroe ker E. Sibbell ker c. Simon Tip. B. The three Sisters ker Skryne lim Skryst des Greene Skyllyghe ker Skyrt wa c. Slew wa c. Slew Anerogh ker Slewbranogh Tip. Slewboyne Wa. Slew dakean or Paps des Slew logher ker Slew malora cor Slew muskere des Slew niesk des Slew noman Tip. Slowboy klan de Rough des Soronned Tip. Speaking stone Wa. Spred cor b. Stene lim c. Sterland lim Straghan lim Stramo Wa. Stranmore bay Wa. Carick Sulphyn Tip. Swylyvant moore Des. O. T Tagnelath Des. Tammay lim Tarne Tip. C. Tarsne Tip. Tashell Tip. Tebben cor B. Templehoran Tip. Templemore Tip. Terseney lim B. Thomas lim B. Traghware des M. Tranakan cor Tray Wa. Tremayne Wa. Trena cor Tollagh cor Tomalegh cor M. Tomelegh flu Toragh flu Torbet lim c. Torloboy lim Totes cor b. Towne des Typpelbragny Tip. V Vakere Wa. Valentia Island ker Ventray ker Vochbeg Tip. Voch cor W WATERFORD Wa. Waterford haven Wa. Wenis des I. Westell wa B. Whitechurch cor White-knight wa White-knight lim Wilton lim B. Weday des E. Wodings Tip. B. Y Yearow Tip. Youghall cor Youghall haven Wa. THIS Countrey the Natives call Leighnigh the Britaines Lein in Latine Lagenia in the ancient lives of the Saints Lagen and in English Leinster It lyeth Eastward along Hibernicunt Sea on Connaught-side West-ward it is bounded with the River Shanon the North with the Territorie of Louth and the South with part of the Province of Munster This Countie butteth upon England as Mounster and Connaught doe upon Spaine 2 The forme thereof is triangle and sides not much unequall from her South-East unto the West-point about eightie miles from thence to her North-West about seventie miles and her East-Coast along the Irish Sea-shore eightie the circumference upon two hundred and seventie miles 3 The Ayre is cleere and gentle mixt with a temperate disposition yeelding neither extremitie of heat or cold according to the seasonable times of the yeere and the naturall condition of the Continent The Soile is generally fruitfull plentifull both in Fish and Flesh and in other victuals as Butter Cheese and Milke It is fertile in Corne Cattle and pasture grounds and would be much more if the husbandman did but apply his industrie to which he is invited by the commodiousnesse of the Countrey It is well watered with Rivers and for the most part well wooded except the Countie of Divelin which complaines much of that want being so destitute of wood that they are compelled to use a clammy kinde of fat turfe for their fuell or Sea-coale brought out of England 4 The Inhabitants of these parts in Ptolemies dayes were the Brigantes Menapii Cauci and Blani from which Blani may seeme to be derived and contracted the latter and moderne names of this Country Lein Leighnigh and Leinster The Menapii as the name doth after a sort imply came from the Menapians a Nation in Low Germany that dwelt by the Sea-Coasts These Brigantes called also Brigantes Florianus del Campo a Spaniard labours to fetch from the Brigants of his owne Country of whom an ancient Citie in Spaine called Brigantia tooke the name But they may seeme rather to derive their denomination from the River Birgus about which
Earle of Motgomery 115.5 Herâ—rd-shire how bounded 49.1 Tâ—e climate of what tempâ—rature 49.2 Huâ—dreds and townes thâ—rein 50 Herefâ—rd Citie and Bishopricâ—e 49.5 Thâ— circuit and graduation thâ—reof ibid. Thâ—â—ivill Magistracy thereof ibid. Herbeâ—t Losinga B. of Norwiâ— what Churches and Monasteries he built 35.8 Herefordshire how bounded 39.1 The forme and dimension of it ibid. The ayre soyle and commodities 39.3 The ancient Inhabitants 39.4 Hâ—â—dreds and Townes â—erein 40 Herâ—rd towne 39.6 The â—â—aduation thereof 49.8 Hibâ—ia whence it tooke man 138.12 Hidosland what it signifieth 3.3 57.3 Higâ—andmen naturall Scots 11.4 See Heghlandmen Hillâ—ie Isle 9â— 8 Sainâ— Hilda his miracle 81.6 Himinbrooke Nuunery 57.6 Histricall Tome of this Vorke 1.1 Hobies Irish in Leinster 141.5 Ho Island See Lindisferne Ho well See Winifrids well Ho crosse in Tipperary within Mounster 139.11 Hoâ—nd a third part of Lincâ—n-shire 63.10 Hlanders fishing by license â—on the North-East coasts England 81.3 Hâ—ry Holland his high desent and calamitie 19.8 Hâ— Castle in Bromfield 100 12 Horse Muscles full of good earle 132.15 Horse-shooe in the Shire-Hall at Oakâ—ham 59.7 â—orsa slaine in battell 7.11 At Horsted his Monument ibid. â—orton See Halifax â—ospitall at Leicester with a Collegiate Church built 61.6 Charles Howard defeated the the Spanish Armada at Sea 19.4 Hubblestone in Devon-shire whence it tooke name 19.7 Humber as arme of the Sea 79.3 Hundreds what they are 3.4 Huntingâ—on-shire how it is bounded 57.1 How â—ivided 57.3 What manner of Iurisdiction therein at first 57.4 Hundreds townes and memorable places therein 58 10 Huntingdon town why so named and how seated 57.5 Their Common-seale ibid. Their Priory of Black-Canon ibid. The Castle ibid. The River there sometime Navigable 57.6 Hurles in Cornewall what they be 21.9 I Iamesâ—he â—he fourth King of Scots slain 89 10. Iames 5. King of Scots dyeth for griefe of heart 87.5 Iceni â—hat people and where seated 33.4 35.3 Icat or black Amber 81.6 Iersey Island how seated 94 The form and dimension of it 94.2 The ayre and soyle 94.3.4 Stockings there made 94.4 The originall and language of the Inhabitants 94.5 The Commodities 94.6 How governed 94.7 An Island floating 132.15 Ilchester in Somerset-shire 23.10 Kingdome of the Islands divided 92.17 Iohannes de sacro Bosco borne at Halifax 77.8 King Iohn his Monument and Portraiture 51.5 Saint Iohns Tombe in Scotland 132.6 Iona i. Columkil 132.18 Iosephus of Exceter or Iscanus his praise 19.6 Ipswich commended 33.6 The dimension and site of Ipswich ibid. How governed ibid. Ireland how divided into Provinces and Countries 135 What names it hath 137 1 The name whence derived 137.2 The most Westerne Island 137.2 Why called the holy Island 137.3 Thought to bee Ogygia in Plutarch 137.3 Called also Scotia ibid. The third Island for bignesse in the known world 137.4 When and how it received Christianitie 135.22 Christianity there much decayed 139.8 Ireland of what forme it is 137.4 How bounded ibid. The aire and temperature 137.5 The soile 137.6 The Commodities 137.7 The ancient and originall Inhabitants 137.8 By whom divided into five Provinces 138.12 Called little Britaine ibid. Irish-mens Cottages in Anglesey 125 The manners customes of the Irish in old time 138.14 The manner of Baptizing 138.15 Their Children how nurced ibid. Their fantasticall conceits 138.16 Addicted much to Witchcraft ibid. Their Idolatry ibid. Their attire 138.18 They forsake their wives at their pleasure 145.8 Their manner of Warre 138.19 Their mourning for the dead 138.20 Irish BB. Consecrated by the Arch-Bishop of Canterburie 145.8 Isca Silurum i. Caer-lion 107.4 Ithancester See St Peters upon the wall ibid. S. Ivo a Persian Bishop 15.7 S. Ivoes Priory a Cell to Ramsey Abbey ibid. K Katherine Dowager of Spainâ— where interred 55.7 Keyes of the Isle of Man 91.5 Kendale or Candale whence it taketh name 85.4 Kendale Towne 85.7 How governed ibid. Graduation of it ibid. Kendale Earles 85.7 Kent how it is bounded 7.1 The length breadth and circumference of it ibid. The forme site and position of it 7.2.3 The soile and Commodities 7.4 Rivers navigable therein 7 5 Kent unconquered 7.7 Receiveth Christianitie first in this Isle ibid. Troubled with civill dissentions 7.10 How governed 7.11 Made a Kingdome ibid. Made an Earledome ibid. Earles thereof with the Armes of their severall families ibid. How divided into Hundreds and Parishes 7.8 Kesteven a third part of Lincolne-shire 63.10 Kildare adorned with an Episcopall See 141.8 Kilkenny a faire Burrough-town in Leinster 141.8 Kimbolton Mannour 58.9 Kings-delfe See Swords-delfe Kingstone upon Hull 81 4 When built ibid. How governed ibid. The graduation of it ibid. Kirkstall Monastery 77.7 Kirkstall battell 78.10 Knights-fees how many in England in William the Conquerours dayes 4.10 Knocktoe battell 143.7 L Henry Lacy Earle of Lincolne his onely sonne drowned in a Well 119.7 Lactorodum See Stonystratford Laford i. Lord what it importeth 47 Lagetium See Casterford Lagman King of Man 92.4 He taketh the badge of the Crosse of Ierusalem 92.4 In his journey dieth ibid. His crueltie to his brother Harold 92.4 Lambeth commended 11.7 Lampe burning many ages 78.11 Llanbadarn vaur an Episcopall See 113.7 Lancaster Countie Palatine 7â— 1 How confined ibid. The forme and dimension of it 75.2 The soile and commodities thereof 75.4 Hundreds and Townes therein 76 By whom anciently inhabited 75.5 Lancaster Towne 75.6 The position of it ibid. How governed ibid. Lancaster House and Yorke conjoyned 75.9 Lancastrians put to flight 78.10 Llandaff city how sited 105.5 An Episcopall See ibid. Llandevi breve why so called 113.7 Langley in Hertford-shire 39.6 Lath what it is 4.6 Lawes i. great stones 89.13 Lawes of three sorts in England 4.8 5.3 Law-troubles none in the Isle of Man 91.5 Lawes ought to bee written and certaine 5.3 Law-land men 2.12 Lavatrae See Levatre Saint Laurence Island 1.2 Lead-Mines in Darby-shire 67.5 Lead-blacke in Cumberland 87.4 Leet whence it tooke name 4.6 Legeolium See Casterford Leicester-shire how bounded 61.1 The Commodities and aire thereof 61.2 3 What Religious Houses therein 61.8 Hundreds and Townes therein 62 By whom inhabited in old time 61.4 Leicester Citie or Towne the Center of the Shire 61.5 The position of it ibid. What names it had beside 61.1 An Episcopall See ibid. Built long before Christs Nativitie ibid. Well traded and as well walled in times past ibid. The graduation thereof 61 5 Destruction thereof 61.6 Leinster Province in Ireland how called 141.1 How bounded ibid. The forme and dimension thereof 141.2 The ayre soyle and Commodities 141.3 5 By whom inhabited in old time 141.4 Religious Houses therein 141.14 Irish therein mischievous one to another 141.2 Countries and Townes therein 142 Lonn or Linn an ancient Borrough 35.6 Made a Corporation ibid. Lenn Episcopi 35.6 Lenn Regis ibid. Laeth what it is 4.6 Lettustan Hundred in Huntingdon-shire 58.9 Le-trim Countie plentifull of grasse 143.4 Levatrae See Bowes Lewes Battell in Sussex 9.7 Llewellin Prince of Wales where slaine and beheaded
111.5 Lichfield Citie why so called 69.8 Lichfield Armes ibid. An Archiepiscopall See ibid. 6.8 What Bishops subject to it 6.8 The Minster built and new reared by whom ibid. Limericke the principall Citie in Mounster 139.6 An Episcopall See ibid. By whom possessed ibid. Fortified by whom ibid. The position thereof ibid. Lieutenant in every Countie called Custos or Earle 4.11 Lin. See Lenn Lincoln-shire how bounded 63.1 The dimension and ayre of it 63.2 Forme thereof 63.4 Full of Fish and Fowle 63.5 Other commodities thereof 63.6 Hundreds Wapentakes and Townes therein 64 Lincolne Citie what names it hath 63.8 How ancient and populous ibid. How governed ibid. The position and situation of it ibid. Full of Religious Houses 63.9 How divided 63.10 Lindisfarne Island why called the Holy Island 93.1 How it is situate ibid. The forme and dimension thereof 93.2 The Ayre and soyle of it 93.3 4 In it an Episcopall See 93.6 Lindsey a third part of Lincolne shire 63.10 Llinsavathan a strange Meere neere to Brecknock towne 109.4 Supposed to be Loventrium ibid. Liquorice growing at Workesop 65.4 Lithancraces 89.6 Little Chester in Darby-shire a Colony of Romans 67.6 Load-stone in Devon-shire 195 Longovicum See Lancaster Loughburrough 61.7 Lough-Lomund in Scotland most raging in calmest weather 132.15 Lhoyger i. England how it is bounded 99.1 Luceni ancient people in Ireland where planted 139 4 Lutterworth 61.7 London what names it had 29.7 Walled by Constantine the great ibid. London-stone a Mile-mark ibid. Churches therein ibid. Wards thereof ibid. How governed ibid. An Arch-bishops See 6.5 Made subject to Canterbury ibid. In what graduation 29 8 London-Bridge ibid. M Madagascar an Island 12 Madning-Money whence so called 41.8 Magi. See Radnor Towne 111.6 Magintum now Dunstable a Roman Station 41.4 Magnus sonne of Olave King of Man 92.14 His death and buriall 92 15 Maiatae 2.12 Maiden Castle neere Dorcester 17.5 Maiden Castle 79.7 Main-Amber a strange rock 21.9 Maio Countie what Commodities it yeeldeth 143 4 Malden in Essex the byall seat of King Kunobelin 31 8 Malmesburie Monastâ—e whence it tooke name 25 8 William of Malmesburiâ— Chronicler â—bid Malverne hills and the amirable ditch there 1.6 Man Isle granted to Fury Percy Earle of Northunerland 9â—7 Granted to the Stanlei and Earles of Darby Iâ—id What names it hath 91 1 How bounded â—â—id The forme and dimenâ—â—on 9.2 The ayre 9.3 The soile 9.4 The Commodities 94 5 How it is fortified ibâ—d The Inhabitants Religiouâ— 9â—6 Malefactors there how excuted ibâ—â— Castles Townes Parishe and Villages there 9 â— Chronicles of the Isle 9 Manchester in Lanca-shire 75. â— Mancunium See Manchester Manures where they inhabited 13. â— March Crosse upon Stanemoore 6 1â— March stone-Crosse upon Frith-bridge 6 â— March what Countrey 9â— Markeley Hill removed 4â—â— Marquesite stones where found 81.6 Marsland part of Norfolke 35.2 Mary Queene of Scotland where enterred 55.7 Mathravall i. Powis land 99 â—2 Maudbury a Trench 17.5 Meden and Medena 15.7 Medway a famous River in Kent 7 5 Melburne in Darby-sâ—ire famous for the Captivâ—tie of Iohn Duke of Burboâ— 67 7 Melitus Bishop of London 6 5 Menâ—pii people of Ireland 141.4 Menevia an Archbishops See 6.6 Called now Saint Davids ibid. What Suffragan Bishops it had ibid. Made subject to Canterbury ibid. Merchenlage 5.3 Merchet of Women 132 18 Mercia 4.11 Mercian Law 48 Merioneth-shire how â—ounded 99.10 117.1 Cantreves and Commots therein 99.10 The forme aire and soile of it 117.2 Full of spired and clustred hills 117.2 Hundreds and Townes in it 118 Merlin Silvester a Wizard 193.6 Borne in Caermarden Ibid His Prophecy of the Welshmens subjection 107 4 Merton in Surrey where King Kenulphe dyed 11.6 Metheglin what drinke 121 5 Metropolitanes in England two 5.4 In ancient time three 6 5 Mice in Essex spoile cattell and grasse 3.6 Saint Michaell in the â—ale 94 7 Michaell Ioseph overthrowne upon black-heath 7 10 Middlesex why so called and how it is bounded 29 1 The measure of it 29.2 The forme aire and soile thereof 29.3 The situation of it 29.4 What ancient Inhabitants 29 5 Hundreds and Townes 30 Middleton Monastery built in Dorset shire 17.7 Milesius his foure son come into Ireland 138.11 Milford haven 101.5 Milfrid a petty King bâ—lt Hereford Cathedrall Chuâ—ch 49 5 Mill-stones and Grinâ—-stones in Anglesey 125 Mindip-hills in Summâ—rset-shire 23.6 Why so called ibid. Minyd Morgan Monâ—ment â—05 8 Moillenlly hill 19.6 Mon i. Anglesey 99.7 Mon Man Cy what iâ— signifieth 125 Mona Caesaris i. the â—â—e of Man See Map of Mâ—n Monkes swarmed in Esâ—â—x 31 9 Monmouthshire part of â—ales now laid to England 100 2 How it is bound 107 1 The forme ayre and 〈◊〉 of it 107. 3 By whom inhabited iâ— old time â—07 4 Hundreds Townes aâ—d Rivers therein 108 Monmouth Towne wereof it tooke name 107.1 Their Castle the Birâ—â—place of King Henry thâ— fifth 107.4 The Towne how seaâ—ed Ibid How governed ibid. The position thereof ibid. Religious houses theâ—ein Ibid William Montacute Earle of Salisbury wrestetâ— Man-Isle out of the Scots hand 92.17 Selleth it and the Crowne thereof to William Scroop ibid. Montgomery-shire how bounded 115.1 The forme and soile of it 115.2 Their horses 115.4 Ancient Inhabitants 115.5 Mountgomery towne and Castle 115.5 The position of it ibid. It giveth title of an Earldome ibid. Hundreds and Townes there 116 Moores in Westmoreland 85 4 Mortimers hole 65.6 Motingham in Kent where the ground sunke 7.6 Mounster what names it beareth 139.1 How it is bounded ibid. The dimension thereof 139 2 The forme aire and soile 139.3 How divided 139.4 11 West-Mounster and South-Mounster how in old time inhabited 139.4 The Commodities of Mounster 139.5 Mounster addicted to superstitious vanities 139.8 Much wasted by Rebellions 139.9 Visited with sundry calamities of dearth 139 10 What Religious places there 139.11 How governed ibid. Murchard O Brien King of Ireland 92.2 Mussold or Mossewold heath 35.5 N Nagnatae what people in Ireland 143.5 Needles certaine Rocks 15 9 Nemethus and his four sonnes arrive in Ireland 137 9 Saint Neotus a Monke of Glastenbury 58.10 Saint Neots or Needes Priorie 58.10 Nessa a Lough in Scotland never freezeth in Winter 132 15 Nevils Crosse battell In the Map of Durham Bishop-ricke New-castle upon Tine 89.7 Whence so named 89.8 Called Monke-chester 89 7 A Countie and Corporation of it selfe 89.8 The graduation thereof ibid. New-forrest in Hant-shire fatall to William the Conquerour his Progenie 13.7 New-Market-heath 37.7 Newnham Regis medicinable waters 53 Newport in the Isle of Wight 15.7 Made a Corporation and Maior-towne ibid. Ninian converted the South-Picts to Christianitie 132 13 Normans-Crosse Hundred in Huntingdon-shire whence it tooke name 58.8 Northampton-shire how bounded 55.1 The forme and dimension thereof 55.2 By whom inhabited in old time 55.4 The commodities of it 55 5 Hundreds and Townes therein 56 Northampton Towne described 55.6 The dimension thereof ibid. How governed ibid. Norfolke an Island 35.1 How bounded
Palace 19.6 Saint Rumalds Well 43.5 Ruthlan Towne and Castle in North-Wales 99.11 Rutland-shire how bounded 59.1 Why so named 59.2 The form of it ibid. The dimension thereof 59.3 The ayre and soyle 59.4 5 The commodities it yeeldeth ibid. The ancient Inhabitants and possessours thereof 59.6 7 Hundreds and Parishes therein 60 S Sabbath day Market 111 6 Saffran a Commoditie of Essex 31.6 Salisbury plaine 25.4 Salisbury Citie 25.7 The Cathedrall Church ibid. Earles thereof ibid. The situation there 25 8 Old Salisbury 25.8 Salmons great and plentifull in Scotland 103.5 132.14 Salmons leape 113.3 145.9 Salt how made in Lancashire 75.7 Salt comming from stones 83.8 Saltry Iudeth why so called 52.8 Saltry Monastery ibid. Sand a part of Nottingham-shire 65.7 Sangue lac in Sussex 9.7 Sarnia See Garnsey Saxons Heptarchie whence it first began 3.1 The seven severall Kingdomes how named 3.1 The Heptarchies Northern limit 3.2 Saxons states severally how at first divided in England 3 3 Saxons government in England how long it continued 4.11 Saxons first seaven Kings Pagan 4.12 Saxons first seaven Kings Christian ibid. Sceafull Mountaine in the Isle of Man 91.7 Scope of the Authour in this Worke or Theatre 1.1 Scotland how bounded 99.1 131.4 How divided 129 The forme of it 131.2 The Commodities thereof ibid. 131.14 The feature and nature of The Scots ibid. Scotland adorned with three Vniversities ibid. The position of Scotland 131.9 Scotland how divided into Countries or Sheriffedoms Stewardships and Bailiwickes 191.10 In Scotland Arch-bishops Metropolitan 2. 132.11 Scots Southerne of one originall with the English 131 4 Scots naturall whence descended and named 131 5 Scots vanquish the Picts and raise their name 131 8 Scythians come into Spaine 138.7 Sea-coales 89.6 A Sea-man taken 33.7 Sea-sand making the soil fruitfull 21.3 Seffrid Bishop reedefied Chichester Cathedrall Church 9.6 Segontium now Caernarvon 123.6 Segontians where they inhabited 13.6 Selby the birth-place of King Henry the first 63.7 Selby Abbey 77.7 Selonae now Sandie 41.4 Sessions foure times in the yeare ordained 5.3 Severne a noble River 47 3. The head thereof 115.2 Whence it tooke name 115.3 Severus the Emperour died at Yorke ibid. The manner of his funerall ibid. Sexwolfe Bishop of Leicester 61.6 Shaftesbury 6 Sheriffes whence they came 4.6 Shatland Isle 132.22 Shirburne a Bishops See 17 7 Translated to Salisbury 27 8 Shire whence it cometh 3 4 Shires how many in England at sundry times 4.8 9 Shrewsbury chiefe Towne of Shrop-shire 71.8 The building site trade and strength thereof 71 8 How governed ibid. Shrop-shire how limited 71 1 The forme soile and ayre thereof 71.2.3.4 Castles 32. therein 71 Hundreds and towns thereof 72 Sicicle why so called 15.1 Sidre in Garnsey what drinke 94.4 Sigebert King of South-Saxons skin 9.4 Silcester sometimes Caer-Segonte 13.6 How ancient 13.10 Destroyed 13.10 Silures where they inhabited 47.4 493. 107.4 109 4. 111.5 Described 49.3 Their valour ibid. 63.7 Subdued by Vespasian 49 3 Simon a Monke of Swinstead poysoneth King Iohn Sisters three what Rivers in Leinster 141.6 Slege County in Ireland what Commodities it yeeldeth 143.4 Smyris See Emeryll Snowdâ—n Hill 123.4 Soland Geese their use 132.14 Solemne-Mosse field 87.5 Somerset-shire how bounded 23.1 Whence it tooke name ibid. The forme and dimension of it 23.2 The ayre and soile 23 3 4 The ancient Inhabitants 23.5 The profit it affordeth 23 6 Memorable for sundry Events 23.8 Religious houses 23 9 Hundreds and Townes thereof 24 Somersham annexed to the Crown 57.7 Southampton described 13.10 South-Wales divided into sixe parts 100.16 Spring of Salt-water at Leamington in Warwick-shire 53.7 Springs that ebbe and flow 78.11 Stafford shire how bounded 69.1 The forme and dimension of it 69.2 By whom anciently inhabited 69.5 Commodities thereof 69.6 What houses of Religion it had 69.9 Hundreds and Townes therein 70 Stafford Town described 69.7 How governed Ibid. The site or positure of it Ibid. Sir Hubert Saint Clare his death to save King Henry the second 7.6 Stamford sometime an Vniversitie 59.8 Stamford bridge Battaile 92.1 Stanneries or Stanniers 21.3 Stibium in Darby-shire gâ—tten 67.5 Stock-Chappell in Norfolke why so called 35.8 Stock-fish gainfull to Kingstone men upon Hull 81.4 Stones like Serpents 81.6 Stony Serpents found within round stones 81.6 Stoney-Stredford 4.3 6 The Crosse there Ibid. Stones resembling Shell-fishes 47.10 Stonehengâ— described in the Mappe of Wilt-shire Stoneley Priory in Huntingdon-shire 58.9 Suffolke how bounded 33.1 The ayre thereof 33.2 The forme of it Ibid. The dimension thereof 33.3 By whom possessed in old time 33 4 What Commodities it yeeldeth 33.5 How divided 33.9 Hundreds and Townes therein 34 Sumatra thought to be the Isle Taprobana 1.2 Summerled Prince of Herergaidel slaine 92.6.8 Sunning an Episcopall See translated to Shirburne 27.8 Surrey or Suthrey how it is bounded 11.1 Whence it took name 11.4 The forme of it 11.2 The length thereof Ibid. The breadth of it Ibid. The circumference thereof ibid. By whom inhabited in old time 11.4 Principall places in it 11.5 6.8 The graduation of it 11.6 Religious Houses in it 11.9 What Castles are in it 11.10 How divided ibid. Hundreds and Townes in it 12 Sussex what memorable places it hath 9.8 What commodities it yeildeth 9.9 Religious Houses built and suppressed 9.10 How bounded 9.1 How divided 9.10 Rapes hundreds towns in it 10 Why so named 9.1 The forme of it 9.2 The length thereof Ibid The breadth thereof Ibid The ayre of it 9.3 Havens in it uncertain and dangerous 9.3 Nature of the soyle 9.4 Swale River 79.3 Swale dale ibid. Swords Delfe why so called 58.8 Synode at Colne about Priests Marriage 25.6 T Tamar River boundeth the Britaines by King Athelstanes device 3.2 Tameworth sometimes the Mercian Kings Courts 69.5 Taprobane the greatest Iland 137.4 Tave-River 105.3 Teigne-Mouth the landing place of the Danes at their first Invasion 19 4 Saint Telean Bishop of Llandaffe 105 2 Temple to God Terminus 132.11 Tetnall alias Theotnall what it signifieth 69 5 Teukesbury Field fatall to the Lancastrians 47.10 Thane or Thean 4.7 Vnder Thean ibid. Theodore a Grecian Bishop of Canterbury 7.8 Theon first Arch-Bishop of London 6.5 Thetforl a Bishops See Thrihings and Thrihingreves 4.6 Thule where it is seated 132 22 Thule See Shetland Sr. Richard Thumbleby Knight where buried 117 6 Thurle-headâ— Fishes of the Sea comming to Land in Munster 132.10 Tinne-Mines in Cornewall 21.3 Tinne-Lawes therein Ibid Tinne-Workes in it Ibid Earle of Tyrone his rebellion extinguished 139.9 Tithings what they be 3 4.6 Tithing-man or Borsholder 3.6 Titus grasped by an Adder without any harme 13.6 Torcoch a rare fish 123.7 Totnesse the landing place of supposed Brute 19.4 Toulesland Hundred in Huntingdon-shire 58.10 Townes of Britaine were Woods c. 58.9 Townes how many in England in William the Conquerour his time 4 10 Trees floating in Bagmere 73.9 Trinobantes what people and where they inhabited 29.5
Chinner Lewk CHIPPING NORTON Cha. Chisleyhampton Dor. Church Cowley Bulling Churchhill Chad. Chymney Bamp Clanfield Bamp Clare Pirt. Clatercott Banb. Cleydon Banb. Clifton Dor. Clifton Wot Cogges VVot Cokethorpe Bamp Coddington Plough Longe Combe VVot Coome Bulling Cote Bamp Cottesford Plough Cotten Banb. Temple Cowley Bulling Cowthorpe Banb. Crawley Bamp Cromish Battley Ewelm Cromish Gifford Lang. Cornewell Chad. Cropredie Banb. Crowell Lewk Cuckham Ewel Cuddesdon Bulling Cullam Dor. D Deane Chad. Deddington VVot Denton Bulling Dickley VVot Dorchester Dor. Dracot Ewel Drayton Blox Drayton Dor. Ducklington Bamp Dunse Tive VVot Dunsden Bin. E Elsfeild Bulling Emington Lewk Enesham VVot Enston Chad. Epwell Blox Esington Ewel Evenclods Flu. Ewelme Ewelm Eye Binf. F Faringdon little Bamp Fauler Banb. Fencott Bulling Fifeild Dor. Fifeild Chad. Finmore Plough Finscot Banb. Foresthill Bulling Fringford Plough Fritwell Plough Fullbrooke Chad. Fulwell Plough Fylkins Bamp G Garsington Bulling Gatehampton Lang. Glimpton VVot Godington Plough Godstow VVot Goldar Pirt. Goring Lang. Gossard VVot Grafton Bamp Grayes-Court Binf. Grayes Binf. Greenfeild Pirt. H Hampton Short Chad. Hampton Poyle Plough Hampton Gaye Plough Hanboro Long VVot Hanwell Blox Hardwick Plough Harecourt VVot Harwicke Bamp Haseley great Ewel Haseley little Ewel Haulton Bulling Hayley Bamp Heath Plough Heathorpe Chad. Heddington Bulling Hempton VVot HENLEY Hensington VVot Heyford Nether Plough Heyford warren Ploug. Hinton Lewk Holcombe Ewel Hollwell Bamp HOOKE NORTON Cha. Hordly VVot Horley Chad. Horton Chad. Horspath Bulling Horspenden alias Harding Binf. Horton Bulling Huddon Bamp I Ibsden Lang. Idbury Chad. Isley Bulling Ingeston Lewk Ipwell Dor. Isis Flu. Islipp Plough K Kellmiscott Bramp Kencott Bramp Kiddington Nether VVot Kidington Chad. Kidlington VVot Kingham Chad. Kirtlington Plough L Langley Chad. Lashbrooke Binf. Latchford Ewel Lawnton Plough Ledwell VVot Lefeild Chad. Lewe Bamp Lewkenor Lewk Lillingston lovell Plough Littlemore Bulling The Lye Banb. Lye South VVot Lye North. VVot Lyneham Chad. M Mangwell Lang. Mappleduram Gourney Binf. Mappleduram Chawes Lang. Marston Bulling Merton Bulling Middle Barton Wot Middle Aston Wot Middleton Stony Plou Milcombe Blox Milton Blox Milton Chad. Minster Lovell Chad. Mixbury Plough Moccott Bulling Mollington Blox More North Chad. Morecott Plough Morton Tame Mylton little Tame Mylton great Tame N Neithorpe Banb. Nettlebed Ewl. Newbridge VVot Newinton Ewel Newnham Murrin Lang. Newnham Courtney Bulling Newton Blox South Newton VVot Newton Pursell Plough Noke Plough Norton-brimer Bamp Norton-Over Chad. Nusfeild Ewel O Odington Plough Otmore Bulling Ouy Chapell Chad. OXFORD Wotton P Piddington Bulling Priton Pirt. Pisse hill Pirt. Poscombe Lewk Prestend Tame Priorate Brampt Pudicott Chad. R Ramsden Chad. Ricott Tame Rodcott-bridge Bramp Rotherfeild Grayes Binf. Rotherfeild Popper Binf. Rousham VVot Roll-rich-stones Wot Rowlwright great Chad. Rowlwright little Chad. S Sallford Chad. Sandford Bulling Sandford Heath Chad. Saresdine Chad. Scadham Tame Sewcott Plough Shelswell Plough Shirborne Pirt. Shilton Bamp Shifford Bamp Shiplake Binf. Shipton upon Charwell Wot Shipton Vnderwood Cha. Shotover Wood Bull. Shutford Banb. Sidenham Lewk Sommerton Plough Souldren Plough Southorpe Chad. Spilesbury Chad. Stanford VVot Stanlake Bamp Stanton S. Iohns Bulling Staunton Harecourt Wot Steple Aston VVot Stodham Dor. Stoke Line Plough Stoke Rue Lang. Stoke Stolemag Pirt. Stoke North Lang. Stoke South Dor. Stoken Church Lewk Stonesfeild VVot Stratton Audley Plough Swaclive Banb. Swerford Chad. Swinbrooke Chad. Swincombe Ewel Sybberds gore Blox Sybberds Ferries Blox Synett Bamp T Tackley Wot Tadmerton little Blox Tadmerton great Blox Tadlisthorpe Chad. Tamerton great Blox Tangley Chad. Tetsworth Tame Teynton Chad. THAME NEW Tame Thame old Tame Thame Parke Tame Thorpe VVot Thorpe Lang. Thoulkford Lewk Tiddington Bulling Tive little Wot Tive great Wot Tusmore Plough Tythorpe Lewk V Vpton Bamp W Walcott Chad. Warborro Ewel Wardenton Banb. Warrant Plough Warton Wot WATLINGTON Pir. Water Eaton Wot Waterpery Bulling Waterstocke Tame Weald Bamp Wendlebury Plough Westall hill Chad. Westcott Barton Wot Weston South Tame Weston North Tame Weston on the Greene Ploug. Westwell Bamp Whatley Bulling Whichwood Forrest Chad. Whitfeild Pirt. Whitchurch Lang. Wickam Banb. Wigginton Blox Wightill Wot Willcott Wot Williamscott Banb. WITTNEY Bamp Witch Chad. Wiveold Ewel Woodcott Lang. Woodeaton Bulling WOODSTOCKE W. Worton over Wot Worton nether Wot Wotton Wot Wroxstone Blox Wulvercott Wot Y Yarnton Wot Yellford Bamp GLOCESTER-SHIRE in the Saxons Tongue Gleaucesderschyre lyeth bordered upon the North with Worcester and Warwick-shires upon the East with Oxford and Wilt-shire upon the South altogether with Sommerset-shire and upon the West with the River Wye and Hereford-shire 2 The length thereof extended from Bristow upon the River Avon in her South unto Clifford upon another Avon in her North are about forty eight miles and her broadest part from East to West is from Lechlad unto Preston containing twenty eight the whole circumference about one hundred thirty eight miles 3 The forme whereof is somewhat long and narrow the Ayre thereof is pleasant sweet and delectable and for fruitfulnesse of soyle heare Malmesbury and not mee The ground of this Shire throughout saith he yeeldeth plenty of corn and bringeth forth abundance of fruits the one through the naturall goodnesse only of the ground the other through the diligent manuring and tillage in such wise that it would provoke the laziest person to take paines Here you may see the High-wayes and common Laâ—es clad with Apple-trees and Peare-trees not engrafted by the industry of mans hand but growing naturally of their owne accord the ground of it self is so inclined to beare fruits and those both in taste and beauty far exceeding others and will endure untill a new supply come There is not any Country in England so thicke set with Vine yards as this Province is so plentifull of increase and so pleasant in taste The very wines made thereof carry no unpleasant tartnesse as being little inferior in sweet verdure to the French Wines the houses are innumerable the Churches passing faire and the Towns standing very thick But that which addeth unto all good gifts a speciall glory is the River Severne then which there is not any in all the Land for Chanell broader for Streame swifter or for Fish better stored There is in it a daily rage and fury of waters which I know not whether I may call a Gulfe or Whirle-poole of waves raising up the sands from the bottome winding and driving them upon heapes sometimes overflowing her bankes roveth a great way upon the face of her bordering grounds and againe retireth as a Conqueror into the usuall Chanell Vnhappy is the Vessell which it taketh full upon the side but the Water-men well ware thereof when they see that Hydra comming turne the Vessell upon it and cut thorow the midst of it whereby they checke and avoid her violence and danger 4 The ancient people that possessed this Province were the DOBUNI who spread themselves further into Oxford-shire But betwixt the Severne and Wye were seated part of SILURES or Inhabitants of South