treasurer_n the_o key_n and_o the_o king_n on_o horseback_n follow_v they_o to_o the_o church_n where_o the_o archbishop_n receive_v he_o demand_v of_o he_o a_o account_n of_o his_o faith_n then_o reverent_o approach_v the_o high_a altar_n he_o tender_v to_o he_o a_o oath_n to_o this_o effect_n that_o he_o will_v fear_v god_n and_o defend_v his_o church_n promote_v love_n justice_n and_o truth_n among_o his_o subject_n that_o he_o will_v govern_v his_o kingdom_n by_o native_n and_o not_o admit_v any_o stranger_n into_o council_n or_o place_n of_o great_a trust_n that_o he_o will_v not_o alienate_v any_o fort_n land_n or_o territory_n within_o his_o dominion_n but_o preserve_v they_o whole_a and_o entire_a to_o his_o successor_n that_o he_o will_v provide_v himself_o and_o his_o court_n out_o of_o his_o constant_a crown_n revenue_n and_o never_o burden_n his_o subject_n with_o tax_n but_o upon_o these_o account_n viz._n either_o upon_o a_o invasion_n whether_o by_o christian_n or_o infidel_n a_o domestic_a insurrection_n upon_o the_o marriage_n of_o his_o son_n or_o daughter_n for_o the_o build_n of_o some_o new_a fort_n or_o upon_o diminution_n of_o the_o exchequer_n and_o that_o he_o will_v introduce_v no_o law_n or_o constitution_n without_o or_o against_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n to_o sigismond_n the_o three_o king_n of_o poland_n who_o claim_v this_o kingdom_n they_o propose_v that_o he_o will_v not_o alter_v any_o thing_n in_o the_o establish_a religion_n which_o be_v the_o lutheran_n which_o oath_n he_o either_o refuse_v or_o present_o break_v lose_v the_o favour_n of_o his_o people_n and_o the_o kingdom_n itself_o before_o he_o be_v well_o settle_v in_o it_o this_o do_v the_o archbishop_n put_v on_o he_o his_o crown_n and_o other_o kingly_a ornament_n and_o one_o of_o the_o herald_n proclaim_v such_o one_o be_v crown_v king_n of_o swedland_n and_o gothland_n and_o none_o but_o he_o then_o all_o the_o people_n answer_n let_v the_o king_n live_v after_o this_o the_o king_n call_v before_o he_o the_o governor_n or_o legifer_n of_o every_o province_n and_o chief_a city_n within_o his_o dominion_n who_o for_o themselves_o and_o their_o respective_a government_n take_v a_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o the_o king_n this_o do_v the_o king_n give_v to_o every_o one_o of_o they_o to_o the_o legifer_fw-la of_o vpsal_n first_o and_o the_o rest_n in_o order_n a_o escutcheon_n with_o the_o arm_n of_o that_o province_n or_o that_o city_n where_o they_o be_v to_o preside_v as_o badge_n of_o their_o office_n and_o return_v to_o his_o palace_n his_o nobility_n be_v by_o he_o splendid_o entertain_v and_o the_o ceremony_n end_v henceforward_o he_o have_v power_n in_o ecclesiastical_a and_o civil_a matter_n and_o rule_v his_o people_n as_o a_o absolute_a monarch_n the_o next_o heir_n to_o the_o crown_n be_v the_o king_n elder_a son_n if_o he_o have_v any_o who_o sometime_o be_v by_o public_a declaration_n acknowledge_v to_o be_v so_o before_o his_o father_n death_n as_o charles_n elder_a son_n to_o gustavus_n the_o first_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v and_o though_o in_o that_o king_n time_n the_o right_a of_o succession_n be_v by_o the_o state_n grant_v only_o to_o his_o issue_n male_a yet_o in_o the_o year_n 1627._o gustavus_n adolphus_n procure_v that_o the_o king_n daughter_n also_o may_v be_v admit_v to_o the_o throne_n by_o which_o procurement_n his_o daughter_n christina_n be_v make_v capable_a to_o succeed_v he_o upon_o default_n of_o issue_n royal_a it_o be_v by_o the_o vnio_n haereditaria_fw-la provide_v that_o the_o near_a in_o blood_n to_o the_o king_n family_n shall_v succeed_v and_o upon_o failure_n of_o these_o the_o power_n of_o elect_v be_v to_o devolve_v upon_o the_o state_n the_o king_n young_a son_n he_o common_o make_v governor_n over_o some_o particular_a province_n give_v they_o title_n fit_v to_o their_o command_n his_o daughter_n be_v provide_v for_o at_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n their_o portion_n be_v not_o take_v out_o of_o the_o king_n exchequer_n but_o levy_v by_o public_a tax_n in_o the_o interregnum_fw-la absence_n sickness_n or_o minority_n of_o the_o king_n the_o kingdom_n be_v govern_v by_o the_o drotset_a or_o viceroy_n the_o marshal_n admiral_z chancellor_n and_o treasurer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n who_o at_o their_o admission_n to_o the_o public_a management_n of_o affair_n take_v a_o oath_n not_o to_o diminish_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o king_n right_n but_o preserve_v they_o whole_a and_o entire_a and_o if_o it_o happen_v that_o any_o part_n of_o they_o be_v by_o these_o trustee_n during_o the_o king_n minority_n sell_v or_o alienate_v the_o king_n when_o he_o come_v to_o full_a age_n may_v by_o law_n recover_v it_o ancient_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n short_o after_o they_o be_v elect_v use_v to_o make_v a_o public_a progress_n through_o their_o dominion_n the_o legifer_fw-la or_o lieutenant_n of_o every_o province_n be_v bind_v to_o provide_v for_o his_o reception_n what_o the_o king_n do_v be_v to_o assure_v the_o people_n of_o the_o great_a care_n he_o have_v of_o they_o and_o that_o charge_v wherewith_o they_o have_v entrust_v he_o and_o to_o receive_v of_o the_o people_n oath_n of_o allegiance_n and_o fidelity_n this_o custom_n be_v find_v somewhat_o expensive_a and_o the_o civil_a trouble_n of_o the_o kingdom_n oftentimes_o not_o permit_v it_o be_v now_o quite_o leave_v of_o and_o the_o people_n rest_v content_a in_o the_o confidence_n they_o have_v of_o their_o prince_n without_o thus_o see_v his_o person_n the_o court_n of_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n sweden_n the_o court_n of_o sweden_n like_o that_o of_o england_n consist_v of_o ecclesiastical_a civil_a and_o military_a person_n and_o government_n 1._o for_o the_o ecclesiastical_a there_o be_v the_o archbishop_n with_o as_o many_o suffragans_fw-la as_o be_v by_o the_o king_n think_v convenient_a who_o attend_v the_o king_n both_o at_o church_n and_o council_n upon_o these_o several_a of_o the_o inferior_a clergy_n continual_o wait_v 2._o for_o the_o civil_a officer_n the_o drotset_a or_o viceroy_n be_v chief_a who_o office_n be_v ancient_o to_o admonish_v and_o direct_v the_o king_n to_o inform_v he_o upon_o any_o default_n whatsoever_o and_o upon_o non-amendment_n to_o declare_v the_o same_o to_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o who_o power_n it_o be_v when_o they_o think_v fit_a to_o dethrone_v their_o prince_n 2._o next_o be_v the_o chamberlain_n or_o commissary_n general_n who_o preside_v over_o the_o chief_a court_n of_o judicature_n the_o king_n chamber_n common_o hold_v at_o stockholme_n and_o discharge_v all_o expense_n and_o order_n all_o the_o disbursement_n of_o the_o kingdom_n he_o have_v under_o he_o one_o questor_n who_o take_v care_n of_o what_o money_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o exchequer_n and_o give_v account_n to_o he_o under_o these_o be_v twelve_o master_n of_o account_n who_o keep_v register_n of_o the_o king_n revenue_n take_v care_n lest_o any_o detriment_n happen_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o once_o a_o year_n make_v up_o their_o account_n to_o the_o commissary_n general_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o some_o of_o the_o privy_a counselor_n every_o one_o of_o these_o have_v one_o particular_a province_n of_o the_o kingdom_n give_v he_o in_o charge_n in_o which_o he_o employ_v divers_a tax-master_n who_o collect_v the_o tribute_n ten_o and_o other_o crown_n revenue_n and_o bring_v they_o to_o his_o hand_n 3._o in_o the_o three_o place_n succeed_v the_o chancellor_n of_o the_o kingdom_n who_o office_n be_v muchwhat_a the_o same_o as_o in_o other_o kingdom_n 4._o the_o treasurer_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n who_o have_v under_o he_o several_a secretary_n and_o other_o officer_n his_o office_n be_v to_o keep_v the_o crown_n globe_n sceptre_n and_o sword_n he_o be_v master_n of_o the_o royal_a mint_n and_o paymaster_n general_a of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n accountable_a to_o none_o but_o the_o king_n only_o 3._o for_o the_o military_a officer_n the_o principal_a be_v the_o grand_a marshal_n or_o generalissimo_n of_o the_o king_n force_n next_o be_v the_o high_a admiral_n of_o the_o kingdom_n with_o the_o several_a other_o officer_n not_o different_a from_o those_o in_o other_o state_n beside_o these_o chief_a officer_n of_o state_n each_o province_n of_o the_o kingdom_n have_v its_o peculiar_a governor_n call_v landshere_n or_o stathallar_n who_o power_n be_v very_o great_a and_o office_n considerable_a under_o he_o there_o be_v in_o every_o province_n as_o many_o lands-man_n and_o nemdary_n or_o nempman_n as_o there_o be_v district_n or_o praefecture_n in_o it_o all_o which_o have_v distinct_a and_o subordinate_a office_n appeal_n lie_v from_o the_o low_a to_o the_o next_o immediate_o above_o it_o and_o so_o to_o the_o supreme_a court_n of_o judicature_n the_o king_n chamber_n all_o action_n acquiesce_v in_o the_o king_n as_o the_o source_n and_o
walter_n plunkett_n of_o rathfeale_n kt._n in_o the_o county_n of_o dublin_n in_o ireland_n tho._n plume_n d._n d._n archdeacon_n of_o roch._n charles_n porter_n esq_n sr._n roger_n potts_n bar._n will._n powel_n esq_n of_o sulham_n berkshire_n henry_n powel_n esq_n william_n price_n esq_n hum._n prideaux_n student_n of_o ch._n ch._n coll._n oxon_n richard_n prince_n esq_n of_o abcott_n shropshire_n robert_n pringell_n esq_n of_o stichell_n aaron_n atkins_n merchant_n of_o amsterdam_n john_n pulleyn_n minister_n of_o the_o english_a church_n at_o hamburgh_n sr._n will._n pulteney_n of_o st._n martin_n in_o the_o field_n london_n sr._n robt._n pie_n of_o farindon_n barksh_n charles_n duke_n of_o richmond_n and_o lynox_n john_n duke_n of_o rothes_n ld._n high_a chancellor_n of_o scotland_n john_n earl_n of_o rochester_n john_n ld._n bp._n of_o rochester_n george_n ld._n rosse_n of_o scotland_n sr._n will._n rant_n of_o norfolk_n sr._n jonathan_n raymond_n sheriff_n of_o lond._n ambrose_n rea_n minister_n in_o essex_n sr._n charles-crofts_n read_v of_o bradwell_n in_o suffolk_n nich._n reppe_n d._n d._n john_n rhodes_n register_n to_o the_o bp._n of_o roch._n peter_n rich_a esq_n of_o lambeth_n godf._n richards_n citizen_n of_o lond._n john_n richard_n esq_n john_n richardson_n esq_n edward_n rigby_n citizen_n of_o london_n sr._n thomas_n roberts_n bar._n of_o glassonbury_n john_n robison_n esq_n agent_n for_o his_o majesty_n to_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n thomas_n robinson_n esq_n sr._n richard_n rooth_n james_n rothwell_n esq_n john_n rowland_n johnson_n of_o amsterdam_n henry_n rumball_n esq_n benjamin_n rudyard_n esq_n berkshire_n sr._n william_n russel_n of_o langhorn_n in_o the_o county_n of_o carmarthen_n barronett_n michael_n rutter_n esq_n of_o barton_n on_o the_o hill_n gloucestershire_n charles_n duke_n of_o somerset_n charles_n duke_n of_o southampton_n james_n earl_n of_o sailsbury_n robert_n earl_n of_o sunderland_n principal_n secretary_n of_o state_n edward_z earl_n of_o sandwich_n anthony_n earl_n of_o shaftsbury_n kenneth_n earl_n of_o seafort_n elizabeth_n shannon_n vicecountess_n of_o shannon_n seth_n ld._n bp._n of_o salisbury_n otho_n baron_fw-fr swerin_n envoy_n extraordinary_a from_o his_o electoral_a highness_n of_o brandenburg_n to_o his_o majesty_n of_o great_a britain_n ezek_n spanheim_n envoy_n extraordinary_a from_o the_o p._n elector_n of_o brandenburg_n to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n paolo_fw-la sarotti_n resident_n from_o the_o republic_n of_o venice_n at_o the_o court_n of_o great_a britain_n alexander_n stanhope_n esq_n sr._n robert_n southwell_n envoy_n extraordinary_a from_o his_o majesty_n of_o great_a britain_n to_o the_o p._n elect._n of_o brandenburg_n sam._n sainthill_n esq_n of_o devonshire_n samuel_n sandors_n esq_n of_o darbyshire_n dr._n robert_n say_v provost_n of_o oriel_n coll_n oxon_n john_n saumure_v d._n d._n dean_n of_o garnsey_n sr._n edward_n seymour_n bar._n of_o bury-pomeroy_n in_o devonshire_n and_o high_a sheriff_n of_o the_o say_a county_n dean_n and_o chapter_n of_o salisbury_n charles_n sankey_n d._n d._n charles_n shaw_n of_o trinity_n coll._n cambridge_n john_n slade_n rector_n burg-clere_a hampshire_n edward_n smith_n citizen_n of_o london_n sr._n carr_n scroop_n of_o lond._n baronett_n dr._n scott_n l._n l._n d._n of_o camberwell_n can._n of_o wind._n sr._n john_n sherard_n of_o lopthorp_n bar._n lincolnsh_n tho._n sheridan_n esq_n of_o the_o county_n of_o cavan_n ireland_n henry_n st._n john_n esq_n stephen_n swart_a bookseller_n of_o amsterdam_n francis_n st._n john_n esq_n of_o thorp_n nor-thamptonshire_a sr._n charles_n scarburgh_n chief_a physician_n to_o his_o royal_a highness_n sr._n francis_n scott_n of_o thirleston_n robert_n scott_n b._n d._n sen._n fellow_n of_o trin._n coll._n cambridge_n henry_n seymour_n esq_n charles_n shaw_n of_o trinity_n coll._n cambridge_n daniel_n sheldon_n merchant_n of_o london_n sr._n joseph_n sheldon_n alderman_n of_o london_n ed._n sherburn_n esq_n clark_n of_o his_o majesty_n ordnance_n and_o armoury_n within_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n will._n shipman_n merchant_n of_o london_n ed._n shire_n esq_n of_o hadam_n hartfordsh_fw-mi thomas_n short_a m._n d._n will._n shortgrave_n fellow_n of_o wadham_n coll._n oxon_n william_n sill_n archdeacon_n of_o colchester_n george_n sittwell_n esq_n john_n skelton_n archdeacon_n of_o bedford_n george_n smith_n m._n d._n of_o thistleworth_n middlesex_n barthol_n soame_z citizen_n of_o london_n james_n sotheby_o esq_n of_o gray_n inn_n lon._n fredrick_n spanheim_n d._n d._n professor_n of_o divinity_n at_o leyden_n john_n speke_n esq_n of_o somersetshire_n william_n spencer_n esq_n henry_n stafford_n esq_n will._n stanley_n fellow_n of_o corpus_fw-la christi_fw-la coll._n cambridge_n james_n stevens_n esq_n of_o stowell_n edward_n stillingfleet_n d._n d._n dean_n of_o st._n paul_n london_n horatio_z ld._n townsend_n baron_n of_o lin_z regis_n or_o king_n linn_n sr._n gil._n talbot_n mr._n of_o the_o jewel-house_n sr._n robert_n talbor_n john_n taylor_n m._n d._n of_o his_o majesty_n commissioner_n of_o the_o wine_n licence_n of_o office_n nathaniel_n tench_n esq_n london_n thomas_n tenison_n d._n d._n tho._n tip_v of_o wheatfield_n esq_n in_o oxfordsh_fw-mi sr._n john_n thompson_n bar._n of_o buck_n john_n thornton_n esq_n of_o brock-hall_n northamptonshire_n george_n thorp_n d._n d._n john_n tillison_n controllour_n of_o my_o ld._n of_o canterburys_n household_n hugh_n todd_n fel._n of_o university_n coll._n ox._n sam._n tomson_n esq_n richard_n topham_n esq_n sr._n jonathan_n trelawny_n bar._n of_o trelawny_n cornwall_n will._n trevill_n esq_n of_o cornwall_n charles_n trumbull_n l._n l._n d._n will._n trumbull_n l._n l._n d._n of_o doctor_n commons_o london_n ralph_n trumbull_n of_o whitney_n oxfordshire_n francis_n turner_n d._n d._n thomas_n turner_n b._n d._n fellow_n of_o corp._n christ_n coll._n oxon._n will._n turner_n b._n d._n dr._n will._n turner_n of_o aberdene_n cornelius_n vermuyden_n esq_n of_o derbyshire_n edmond_n vintner_n m._n d._n fellow_n of_o king_n coll._n cambridge_n sr._n tho._n vernon_n bar._n of_o hodnett_n shropsh_n henry_n ulenbrock_n jun._n merdhant_n in_o amsterd_n isaac_n vossius_fw-la d._n d._n canon_n of_o windsor_n stephen_n upman_n fellow_n of_o eton_n coll._n robert_n uvedale_n of_o enfield_n middlesex_n henry_n ld._n marq_n of_o worcester_z charles_n ferdinand_z earl_n of_o walstein_n envoy_n extraordinary_a from_o the_o emperor_n to_o his_o majesty_n of_o great_a britain_n george_n ld._n bp._n of_o winchester_n edward_n ld._n ward_n of_o dudley_n castle_n staffordshire_n sidney_n wortley_n alias_o montague_n esq_n will._n wake_v student_n of_o ch._n ch._n oxon._n edward_n wake_v of_o london_n obad._n walker_n mr._n of_o university_n coll._n oxon_n sr._n will._n waller_n john_n wallis_n d._n d._n geometry_n professor_n oxon_n hen._n wallop_v esq_n of_o farly-clop_a hamsh_n sr._n william_n walter_n of_o saresden_n oxfordsh_fw-mi james_n ward_n esq_n sr._n patience_n ward_n alderman_n of_o lond._n john_n warner_n arch_a deacon_n of_o roche_v thomas_n watkins_n esq_n thomas_n watson_n mr._n of_o the_o charterhouse_n school_n london_n will._n watson_n d._n d._n dean_n of_o battle_n robert_n waith_n esq_n of_o camberwell_n surry_n edmond_n waring_n esq_n of_o oldbury_n shropshire_n sr._n philip_n warwick_n john_n johnsonius_n a_o wasberg_n booksellor_n of_o amsterdam_n and_o son_n in_o law_n to_o johnsonius_n that_o set_v forth_o the_o former_a atlas_n sr._n christopher_n wandesford_n bar._n of_o kirklington_n yorkshire_n william_n walsh_n of_o abberly_n park_n esq_n worcestershire_n thomas_n watson_n d._n d._n fellow_n of_o st_n john_n coll._n cambridge_n thomas_n weaver_n of_o morvil_n shropshire_n john_n wedderburn_n esq_n of_o golford_n dean_n and_o chapter_n of_o wells_n john_n welthdale_n esq_n paul_n wentworth_n esq_n of_o lillingston_n buckinghamshire_n herbert_n westfal_v esq_n sr._n george_n wharton_n bar._n of_o kirkby_n kendal_n westmoreland_n treasurer_n to_o the_o office_n of_o his_o majestic_o ordinance_n philip_n wharton_n esq_n sr._n john_n whatton_n of_o leeicestershire_n coll._n roger_n whitley_n thomas_n whitley_n esq_n ralph_n wilbraham_n esq_n sr._n joseph_n williamson_n precedent_n of_o the_o royal_a society_n thomas_n willis_n esq_n student_n of_o ch._n ch._n oxon_n edward_n wilson_n esq_n of_o dallam_n tower_n westmorland_z sr._n hump._n winch_n bar._n of_o hannes_n in_o bedfordshire_n william_n wind_n esq_n paul_n wick_n of_o london_n esq_n sr._n will._n whitmore_n bar._n of_o apley_n shropsh_n sr._n paul_n whichcot_n kt._n and_o bar._n of_o hendon_n middlesex_n sr._n francis_n withens_n of_o westm_n sir_n john_n wittewronge_a kt._n bar._n of_o stantonbury_n in_o buckinghamshire_n francis_n wolferston_n esq_n of_o statfold_n in_o staffordshire_n john_n wolryche_n esq_n of_o dudmaston_n john_n wostenholme_n esq_n of_o enfield_n in_o mid._n rich._n wroe_o b._n d._n of_o wigan_n lancash_n sr._n christopher_n wren_a surveior_n general_n to_o his_o majesty_n sr._n henry_n wright_n bar._n of_o dogenham_n essex_n lawr._n womock_n d._n d._n archdeacon_n of_o suffolk_n sr._n cyril_n wyche_n of_o hockwold_n and_o wilton_n shropshire_n john_n wynne_n esq_n owen_n wynne_n
the_o most_o northern_a country_n at_o the_o polar_a circle_n contain_v about_o 44_o deg_fw-la on_o the_o meridian_n which_o make_v about_o 2640_o english_a mile_n europe_n contain_v in_o it_o several_a kingdom_n division_n division_n the_o great_a of_o which_o be_v the_o empire_n of_o muscovy_n or_o russia_n on_o the_o north-east_n comprehend_v several_a nation_n more_o to_o the_o north-east_n scarce_o know_v to_o we_o and_o on_o the_o east_n cazan_n and_o other_o country_n by_o the_o river_n volga_n and_o part_n of_o lapland_n on_o the_o northwest_n next_o to_o muscovy_n on_o the_o west_n lie_v the_o kingdom_n of_o sweden_n contain_v great_a part_n of_o finland_n on_o the_o east_n and_o all_o to_o the_o mountain_n of_o norway_n on_o the_o west_n again_o to_o the_o east_n of_o europe_n by_o the_o caspian_a sea_n lie_v the_o country_n of_o the_o circassi_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o lesser_a tartary_n and_o some_o other_o lesser_a province_n thence_o south-west_n lie_v the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n extend_v itself_o through_o the_o midst_n of_o europe_n from_o the_o baltic_a to_o the_o euxin_n sea_n comprehend_v on_o the_o north_n prussia_n litvania_n lifland_n on_o the_o east_n volinia_n podolia_n and_o southward_a moldavia_n walachia_n northwest_o of_o poland_n lie_v germany_n under_o several_a prince_n the_o emperor_n be_v the_o chief_a north_n of_o germany_n lie_v the_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n to_o the_o west_n flanders_n or_o the_o low_a country_n under_o divers_a government_n and_o northwest_n of_o they_o the_o kingdom_n of_o great_a britain_n comprehend_v several_a island_n south-west_n of_o germany_n lie_v the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n more_o south_n the_o kingdom_n of_o spain_n full_a south_n italy_n under_o several_a prince_n southeast_n of_o germany_n lie_v the_o great_a part_n of_o european_a turkey_n as_o hungary_n transylvania_n and_o more_o south_n croatia_n dalmatia_n and_o all_o greece_n there_o be_v in_o europe_n etc._n empire_n etc._n etc._n three_o empire_n that_o of_o muscovy_n the_o roman_a empire_n and_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o turk_n ten_o kingdom_n sweden_n denmark_n poland_n hungary_n bohemia_n england_n france_n spain_n portugal_n and_o the_o lesser_a tartary_n nine_o commonwealth_n and_o about_o forty_o principality_n of_o which_o when_o we_o come_v to_o particular_a country_n language_n original_n language_n the_o principal_a language_n speak_v in_o the_o northern_a and_o western_a part_n of_o europe_n may_v be_v reckon_v these_o three_o the_o ancient_a gothic_n the_o anglo-saxonic_a and_o the_o francic_n which_o also_o seem_v to_o be_v near_o akin_a or_o to_o have_v great_a affinity_n one_o with_o another_o and_o the_o late_a to_o be_v make_v up_o of_o the_o two_o former_a from_o the_o gothic_n which_o differ_v little_a from_o the_o old_a greek_a be_v derive_v the_o ancient_a cimbric_n and_o the_o modern_a language_n now_o speak_v in_o sweden_n denmark_n norway_n iseland_n the_o anglo-saxonic_a may_v seem_v to_o have_v give_v birth_n to_o the_o belgic_a or_o low_a dutch_a especial_o the_o ancient_a frisic_n and_o in_o great_a part_n to_o the_o english_a and_o scotch_a the_o francic_n be_v compound_v of_o the_o other_o two_o and_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o alamannic_n or_o theotisc_n whence_o the_o upper_a german_a language_n take_v its_o original_n the_o ancient_a british_a which_o seem_v also_o to_o be_v the_o celtish_a or_o gaulish_a the_o dialect_v whereof_o be_v still_o speak_v in_o some_o part_n of_o great_a britain_n and_o in_o britannia_n in_o france_n the_o cantabric_n also_o or_o the_o language_n of_o the_o biscainer_n in_o the_o northern_a mountain_n in_o spain_n be_v not_o much_o different_a and_o likewise_o the_o irish_a if_o not_o itself_o a_o dialect_n of_o the_o old_a cimbric_n as_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v must_v be_v account_v a_o original_a language_n the_o turkish_a language_n be_v general_o speak_v in_o european_a turkey_n and_o also_o arabic_n be_v well_o understand_v by_o their_o learned_a man_n as_o be_v the_o language_n of_o the_o alkoran_n and_o be_v speak_v in_o some_o of_o the_o mountain_n of_o granada_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o lesser_a tartary_n that_o live_v between_o tanais_n and_o the_o neiper_n speak_v the_o tartarian_a language_n as_o also_o the_o cossacs_n with_o some_o small_a difference_n the_o fin_n and_o laplander_n seem_v to_o have_v divers_a language_n both_o from_o one_o another_o and_o from_o all_o the_o rest_n the_o paisan-liflanders_a likewise_o have_v a_o different_a language_n to_o themselves_o the_o sclavonic_a language_n whether_o original_o one_o or_o many_o be_v still_o continue_a in_o divers_a region_n of_o europe_n as_o in_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o emperor_n of_o russia_n divers_a country_n subject_n to_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n in_o some_o part_n of_o hungary_n but_o the_o hungarian_a tongue_n proper_o so_o call_v be_v by_o the_o learned_a account_v a_o original_a language_n bohemia_n and_o sclavonia_n but_o with_o great_a difference_n than_o dialect_v of_o the_o same_o language_n use_v to_o be_v the_o ancient_a greek_a seem_v to_o have_v be_v the_o mother_n of_o the_o old_a hetruscan_n oscan_n menapian_a and_o such_o other_o as_o be_v speak_v ancient_o in_o italy_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o those_o few_o remainder_n still_o extant_a of_o they_o and_o therefore_o also_o of_o the_o latin_a in_o the_o opinion_n of_o many_o learned_a as_o the_o latin_a be_v of_o the_o present_a italian_a french_a spanish_a grison_n and_o some_o other_o language_n the_o greek_n itself_o though_o with_o great_a alteration_n be_v still_o continue_a in_o the_o continent_n and_o island_n of_o greece_n and_o some_o place_n near_o thereunto_o the_o glory_n of_o europe_n be_v its_o religion_n religion_n religion_n which_o in_o most_o part_n of_o it_o be_v but_o one_o though_o diverse_o profess_v greece_n with_o its_o island_n in_o the_o egean_a sea_n and_o other_o as_o far_o as_o corfu_n as_o also_o some_o part_n of_o croatia_n dalmatia_n together_o with_o muscovia_n walachia_n moldavia_n podolia_n volinia_n and_o some_o other_o part_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o poland_n with_o other_o neighbour_a country_n follow_v the_o greek_a church_n the_o latin_a church_n contain_v 1_o those_o of_o the_o reform_a religion_n and_o 2_o those_o of_o the_o roman_a 1._o the_o reform_a religion_n be_v embrace_v in_o great_a britain_n and_o ireland_n and_o the_o lesser_a island_n belong_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o with_o some_o diversity_n in_o sweden_n denmark_n holland_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n and_o several_a part_n of_o germany_n transylvania_n and_o some_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n 2._o the_o roman_a religion_n prevail_v in_o italy_n spain_n portugal_n france_n poland_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n and_o other_o country_n mahumetanism_n be_v profess_v in_o european_a turkey_n by_o the_o great_a turk_n and_o his_o musselman_n the_o great_a ledg_n of_o mountain_n that_o have_v its_o beginning_n at_o the_o great_a western_a ocean_n mountain_n mountain_n first_o divide_v france_n and_o spain_n by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o pirenean_n hill_n and_o be_v thence_o continue_v through_o the_o south_n part_n of_o france_n till_o it_o cover_v italy_n and_o be_v there_o call_v the_o alps_o a_o branch_n of_o which_o run_v through_o the_o whole_a length_n of_o italy_n have_v the_o name_n of_o the_o apennine_a mountain_n another_o branch_n be_v continue_v under_o divers_a name_n as_o the_o rhetian-hill_n through_o the_o country_n now_o call_v of_o the_o grison_n alps_n graiae_n noricae_n juliae_fw-la etc._n etc._n all_o which_o have_v now_o divers_a name_n according_a to_o the_o several_a country_n through_o which_o they_o pass_v from_o italy_n they_o continue_v through_o stiria_n carinthia_n hungary_n transylvania_n moldavia_n to_o the_o black_a sea_n and_o branch_n out_o into_o 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bay_n streights_n etc._n etc._n and_o have_v different_a name_n from_o the_o different_a shore_n they_o wash_v as_o mare_fw-la
good_a housewifery_n and_o to_o look_v after_o their_o dairy_n or_o else_o employ_v in_o spin_v weave_v or_o sow_v whilst_o the_o man_n according_a to_o their_o several_a quality_n follow_v their_o husbandry_n merchandise_v or_o the_o more_o weighty_a concern_v of_o church_n and_o state_n the_o pesantry_n live_v in_o great_a servitude_n to_o their_o lord_n who_o dominion_n they_o may_v not_o quit_v without_o their_o permission_n if_o they_o be_v bear_v or_o have_v inhabit_v three_o year_n therein_o those_o that_o do_v so_o be_v certain_o hang_v if_o take_v the_o noble_n be_v very_o much_o addict_v to_o travel_v as_o admire_v foreign_a country_n more_o than_o their_o own_o which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o they_o greedy_o and_o easy_o learn_v the_o language_n of_o those_o nation_n they_o affect_v and_o they_o esteem_v it_o no_o small_a commendation_n of_o their_o ingenuity_n to_o introduce_v something_o of_o the_o new_a habit_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o people_n with_o who_o they_o 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martinus_n smiglecius_n the_o logician_n abr._n bzovius_fw-la who_o have_v continue_v baronius_n annal_n with_o many_o other_o who_o work_n be_v much_o esteem_v in_o foreign_a country_n and_o doubtless_o the_o learned_a will_v have_v be_v oblige_v to_o more_o of_o their_o nation_n have_v not_o their_o writing_n perish_v for_o want_n of_o print_v but_o late_o receive_v among_o they_o physic_n also_o begin_v to_o come_v in_o request_n since_o even_o in_o these_o part_n the_o modern_a luxury_n in_o diet_n be_v attend_v with_o more_o disease_n than_o the_o homely_a fare_n of_o former_a age_n their_o language_n be_v a_o dialect_n of_o the_o slavonian_a language_n language_n and_o not_o so_o copious_a as_o many_o other_o it_o be_v difficult_a to_o write_v and_o read_v because_o of_o the_o multitude_n of_o consonant_n join_v with_o one_o vowel_n yet_o the_o harshness_n be_v much_o correct_v in_o speak_v for_o they_o pronounce_v they_o as_o if_o mix_v with_o vowel_n they_o have_v borrow_v most_o of_o their_o term_n of_o art_n for_o trade_n and_o instrument_n from_o the_o german_n of_o which_o nation_n there_o be_v many_o artisan_n and_o merchant_n among_o they_o and_o some_o town_n and_o village_n chief_o speak_v the_o german_a language_n hot_a bath_n be_v very_o much_o use_v in_o this_o country_n bath_n bath_n especial_o in_o winter_n and_o be_v frequent_v by_o both_o sex_n though_o in_o place_n apart_o from_o one_o another_o their_o habit_n differ_v according_a to_o the_o condition_n habit_n habit_n age_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o person_n and_o of_o late_a they_o much_o affect_v new_a fashion_n which_o be_v often_o bring_v in_o by_o the_o soldiery_n in_o imitation_n of_o those_o nation_n against_o who_o they_o have_v be_v victorious_a the_o woman_n also_o have_v the_o same_o variety_n only_o they_o come_v near_o the_o dress_n of_o man_n then_o in_o most_o other_o nation_n the_o ancient_a diet_n of_o the_o rustic_n be_v milk_n diet._n diet._n cheese_n fish_n and_o herb_n now_o beef_n veal_n and_o mutton_n the_o table_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o citizen_n be_v furnish_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o dainty_n wherein_o they_o use_v great_a store_n of_o spice_n and_o sugar_n and_o indeed_o luxury_n in_o diet_n and_o apparel_n prevail_v more_o and_o more_o among_o they_o every_o day_n the_o common_a drink_n of_o the_o country_n be_v beer_n drink_v drink_v and_o mead_n boil_v with_o hops_n beside_o which_o they_o use_v great_a quantity_n of_o aquavitae_n make_v by_o infuse_v wheat_n in_o water_n for_o some_o day_n and_o then_o distil_v off_o the_o spirit_n and_o mix_v it_o with_o sugar_n and_o hot_a spice_n the_o nobility_n and_o merchant_n here_o drink_v wine_n as_o plentiful_o as_o in_o other_o place_n import_v from_o hungary_n moravia_n the_o rhine_n and_o gascogny_n the_o money_n peculiar_a to_o poland_n be_v coin_v in_o such_o small_a piece_n that_o it_o be_v very_o troublesome_a receive_n money_n money_n or_o pay_v out_o any_o round_a sum_n in_o it_o the_o gross_a be_v a_o little_a piece_n of_o copper_n mix_v with_o silver_n value_v at_o three_o halfpence_n english_a the_o attine_n at_o four_o penny_n halfpenny_n their_o trigross_a and_o segross_v both_o of_o pure_a silver_n the_o one_o three_o time_n the_o other_o six_o time_n the_o value_n of_o a_o gross_a but_o the_o most_o current_a money_n in_o poland_n at_o this_o time_n be_v foreign_a coin_n bring_v in_o chief_o though_o not_o in_o great_a plenty_n by_o the_o hungarian_a german_a and_o italian_a merchant_n for_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o country_n which_o be_v rye_n wheat_n barley_n oat_n and_o other_o pulse_n flax_n hops_n hides_n tallow_n tan_a leather_n divers_a sort_n of_o fur_n bring_v first_o out_o of_o muscovy_n but_o dress_v and_o vend_v here_o honey_n wax_n amber_n pitch_n pot-ash_n mast_n and_o plank_n the_o horse_n also_o of_o poland_n for_o their_o swiftness_n hardiness_n and_o easy_a pace_n be_v much_o covet_v by_o foreigner_n beside_o all_o these_o it_o supply_v the_o neighbour_a country_n with_o vast_a number_n of_o ox_n and_o sheep_n to_o which_o must_v be_v add_v the_o salt-pit_n whence_o spring_v the_o great_a revenue_n the_o king_n of_o poland_n have_v the_o riches_n of_o poland_n consist_v in_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o country_n already_o mention_v traffic_n traffic_n which_o though_o they_o be_v of_o several_a sort_n and_o general_a use_n yet_o bring_v but_o little_a money_n into_o the_o kingdom_n be_v counterpoise_v by_o the_o incredible_a quantity_n and_o rich_a variety_n of_o foreign_a merchandise_n so_o that_o they_o hardly_o suffice_v to_o pay_v for_o the_o cloth_n silk_n jewel_n tapestry_n the_o fruit_n spice_n saltfish_n wine_n tin_n and_o steel_n bring_v in_o from_o england_n flanders_n portugal_n and_o spain_n etc._n etc._n but_o to_o say_v the_o truth_n the_o people_n be_v neither_o industrious_a nor_o addict_v to_o trade_n the_o nobility_n be_v forbid_v it_o by_o their_o own_o constitution_n upon_o the_o forfeiture_n of_o their_o honour_n and_o the_o commonalty_n for_o the_o most_o part_n want_v estate_n sufficient_a to_o promote_v it_o beside_o those_o of_o better_a fortune_n spend_v too_o much_o of_o their_o revenue_n in_o costly_a apparel_n and_o furnish_v their_o table_n by_o which_o mean_n instead_o of_o save_v and_o lay_v up_o they_o become_v very_o poor_a or_o at_o least_o always_o in_o a_o want_a condition_n to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v that_o their_o country_n lie_v not_o commodious_o for_o traffic_v not_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o any_o considerable_a port_n town_n dantzick_n only_o except_v the_o chief_a strength_n of_o poland_n consist_v in_o their_o cavalry_n which_o be_v very_o numerous_a and_o ready_o raise_v strength_n military_a strength_n the_o nobility_n be_v bind_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n to_o attend_v the_o king_n in_o all_o expedition_n for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o such_o case_n the_o king_n send_v his_o summons-into_a all_o the_o palatinate_v which_o be_v proclaim_v three_o time_n and_o at_o a_o month_n distance_n from_o one_o another_o upon_o the_o three_o proclamation_n the_o nobility_n be_v oblige_v to_o repair_v to_o the_o paricular_a rendezvous_n of_o their_o own_o palatine_a who_o lead_v they_o to_o the_o general_a rendezvous_n and_o in_o regard_n they_o be_v exempt_v from_o all_o other_o burden_n they_o bear_v their_o own_o charge_n all_o the_o time_n of_o the_o war_n if_o there_o be_v any_o that_o refuse_v to_o appear_v their_o good_n be_v present_o confiscate_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o king_n table_n they_o all_o serve_v on_o horseback_n and_o be_v enroll_v above_o 200000_o yet_o in_o as_o much_o as_o they_o have_v very_o few_o fortify_v place_n on_o any_o side_n for_o the_o security_n of_o their_o frontier_n they_o can_v hardly_o draw_v together_o above_o 100000_o without_o leave_v their_o province_n too_o naked_a but_o these_o force_n when_o assemble_v serve_v only_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o country_n and_o
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the_o four_o former_a at_o present_a only_o make_v use_n of_o in_o the_o city_n of_o lesser_a note_n justice_n be_v execute_v in_o this_o manner_n the_o first_o hear_n be_v before_o a_o inferior_a magistrate_n call_v cammene_n rat_n the_o second_o before_o the_o consul_n and_o senate_n of_o the_o town_n which_o be_v always_o four_o in_o number_n each_o have_v his_o particular_a charge_n the_o three_o if_o the_o case_n be_v of_o importance_n before_o one_o of_o the_o supreme_a tribunal_n where_o upon_o the_o first_o hear_n the_o judge_n or_o precedent_n of_o the_o court_n be_v bind_v to_o determine_v the_o case_n or_o else_o to_o give_v under_o his_o hand_n that_o it_o be_v very_o intricate_a and_o require_v long_a time_n or_o a_o high_a court_n for_o its_o determination_n or_o else_o he_o with_o the_o twelve_o assessor_n be_v to_o be_v fine_v each_o three_o mark_n apiece_o over_o and_o above_o all_o these_o court_n kingdom_n the_o senate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o as_o it_o be_v a_o 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city_n one_o of_o the_o consul_n of_o stockholme_n or_o the_o master_n of_o the_o artillery_n and_o for_o those_o of_o the_o country_n some_o one_o elect_a out_o of_o their_o own_o body_n when_o they_o have_v finish_v their_o deliberation_n several_o they_o confer_v all_o the_o house_n together_o and_o have_v agree_v upon_o a_o form_n present_v their_o resolve_n to_o the_o king_n if_o he_o be_v please_v with_o they_o and_o think_v fit_a to_o pass_v they_o into_o act_n he_o with_o the_o member_n of_o the_o parliament_n subscribe_v and_o seal_v they_o the_o record_n of_o which_o the_o marshal_n of_o the_o state_n a_o officer_n appoint_v for_o that_o purpose_n put_v into_o the_o chancery_n cause_v they_o to_o be_v promulgate_v and_o then_o quit_v his_o charge_n and_o his_o staff_n the_o mark_n of_o his_o dignity_n the_o law_n use_v in_o sweden_n law_n the_o law_n as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o ostro_fw-la and_o westro-gothia_a be_v very_o ancient_a every_o province_n have_v former_o have_v say_v loccenius_n particular_a constitution_n by_o which_o it_o be_v govern_v the_o plaintiff_n and_o defendant_n use_v to_o plead_v their_o own_o cause_n or_o to_o give_v the_o management_n of_o they_o to_o some_o of_o their_o kindred_n never_o take_v the_o assistance_n of_o any_o advocate_n or_o proctor_n contrary_a to_o their_o present_a practice_n in_o case_n dubious_a it_o be_v in_o use_n here_o as_o in_o most_o part_n of_o europe_n to_o refer_v the_o determination_n of_o they_o to_o the_o trial_n either_o of_o fire_n ordeal_o sufficient_o know_v to_o most_o man_n use_v at_o first_o in_o this_o country_n by_o olaus_n scotkonung_n about_o the_o year_n 986_o and_o quite_o abrogate_a by_o bergerus_n jerl_v about_o 300_o year_n ago_o or_o of_o scald_a water_n or_o of_o bring_v the_o suspect_a person_n in_o case_n of_o murder_n to_o the_o dead_a body_n which_o if_o upon_o his_o approach_n begin_v to_o bleed_v they_o judge_v he_o to_o be_v the_o murderer_n or_o of_o duel_n call_v wehide_n i._n e._n consecration_n this_o manner_n of_o trial_n be_v first_o allow_v say_v some_o by_o frotho_n king_n of_o denmarck_n whence_o be_v bring_v into_o sweden_n and_o for_o sometime_o prevail_v it_o be_v first_o of_o all_o by_o gustavus_n the_o great_a under_o great_a penalty_n forbid_v but_o not_o absolute_o extirpate_v till_o the_o time_n of_o this_o present_a king_n a._n 1662._o when_o its_o punishment_n be_v make_v arbitrary_a at_o present_v if_o a_o legifer_fw-la be_v to_o be_v elect_v it_o be_v do_v by_o the_o bishop_n who_o give_v notice_n thereof_o in_o the_o court_n eight_o week_n before_o the_o electionday_n and_o the_o people_n of_o the_o territory_n who_o return_n three_o sufficient_a person_n to_o the_o king_n and_o he_o choose_v one_o of_o they_o if_o a_o precedent_n the_o legifer_fw-la and_o the_o people_n of_o the_o district_n choose_v he_o who_o take_v a_o oath_n to_o administer_v justice_n impartial_o among_o they_o and_o can_v be_v judge_n in_o one_o only_a district_n at_o the_o same_o time_n when_o a_o plaintiff_n commence_v a_o action_n against_o the_o defendant_n he_o with_o two_o able_a housekeeper_n go_v to_o his_o house_n and_o summons_n he_o to_o the_o court_n if_o he_o appear_v the_o first_o second_o or_o three_o court_n day_n it_o be_v well_o if_o not_o he_o lose_v the_o action_n and_o distress_n be_v make_v upon_o his_o good_n in_o case_n of_o murder_n adultery_n etc._n etc._n punishable_a by_o death_n if_o the_o guilty_a person_n fly_v bud_n kaffla_fw-mi or_o hue_n and_o cry_n be_v send_v out_o after_o they_o which_o be_v to_o go_v through_o the_o whole_a precinct_n and_o to_o be_v continue_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o by_o the_o delivery_n of_o a_o staff_n the_o sign_n of_o authority_n a_o woman_n convict_v of_o adultery_n by_o six_o witness_n lose_v her_o dowry_n her_o estate_n and_o if_o her_o husband_n please_v her_o life_n too_o
the_o swedish_n nation_n have_v make_v a_o law_n among_o his_o subject_n that_o if_o any_o of_o they_o kill_v or_o injure_v a_o swede_n he_o shall_v pay_v only_o half_a the_o mulct_n which_o be_v to_o be_v pay_v if_o he_o have_v do_v the_o like_a to_o any_o other_o person_n whatsoever_o 33._o atislus_n a_o warlike_a and_o magnificent_a king_n 34._o hotherus_fw-la who_o wage_v war_n with_o the_o dane_n and_o russes_z and_o die_v of_o a_o wound_n he_o receive_v in_o battle_n 35._o rodericus_fw-la king_n of_o denmark_n and_o swedland_n at_o the_o same_o time_n but_o either_o leave_v or_o lose_v the_o former_a he_o retire_v into_o the_o latter_a and_o there_o end_v his_o day_n 36._o attilus_n who_o kill_v wermundus_n king_n of_o denmark_n in_o single_a duel_n and_o be_v himself_o afterward_o slay_v by_o wermundus_n two_o son_n after_o this_o king_n time_n the_o succession_n for_o about_o 600_o year_n be_v much_o interrupt_v who_o enjoy_v the_o kingdom_n be_v uncertain_a botvildus_n charles_n two_o ericus_n two_o and_o six_o more_o be_v mention_v but_o little_o more_o know_v of_o they_o than_o their_o name_n he_o who_o historian_n first_o pitch_n upon_o to_o have_v certain_o succeed_v be_v 46._o alricus_n who_o challenge_v gestiblindus_n king_n of_o the_o goth_n to_o duel_n thereby_o lose_v both_o his_o life_n and_o kingdom_n 47._o ericus_n iii_n surname_v the_o wise_a and_o by_o some_o the_o eloquent_a a_o happy_a and_o peaceable_a prince_n he_o reign_v according_a to_o johannes_n magnus_n computation_n about_o four_o and_o thirty_o year_n before_o our_o saviour_n birth_n a_o catalogue_n of_o the_o gothish_a king_n who_o reign_v short_o after_o their_o transmigration_n out_o of_o scandia_n while_o they_o dwell_v about_o the_o palus_n maeotis_n near_o the_o time_n of_o the_o trojan_a war_n collect_v out_o of_o wolf_n lazius_n upon_o who_o credit_n you_o be_v to_o take_v they_o 1._o telephus_n well_o know_v for_o his_o exploit_n in_o the_o trojan_a war._n 2._o bericus_n or_o beget_n 3._o filimar_n 4._o frogradus_fw-la 5._o aringis_fw-la 6._o eurypilus_n 7._o tomyris_n 8._o antriregus_n after_o this_o succession_n of_o king_n in_o scythia_n europea_n the_o goth_n either_o weary_a of_o that_o country_n or_o drive_v out_o of_o it_o by_o some_o of_o their_o potent_a neighbour_n be_v say_v by_o the_o same_o author_n though_o i_o find_v not_o his_o opinion_n second_v by_o any_o swedish_n writer_n to_o have_v return_v into_o gothia_n and_o particular_o to_o have_v pitch_v upon_o the_o isle_n gotland_n as_o the_o fit_a seat_n for_o their_o king_n a_o long_a series_n of_o who_o may_v seem_v not_o very_o necessary_a to_o be_v set_v down_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o same_o with_o the_o swedish_n king_n before_o mention_v 48._o haldanus_n in_o who_o reign_n the_o hunns_n overrun_v gothia_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o king_n dominion_n build_v hunnaberg_n a_o ancient_a city_n in_o ostrogothia_a and_o after_o some_o continuance_n in_o the_o country_n be_v by_o this_o king_n at_o last_o utter_o expel_v 49._o sivardus_fw-la or_o sigvardus_fw-la in_o who_o time_n commotion_n arise_v in_o the_o kingdom_n the_o goth_n elect_v a_o separate_a king_n of_o their_o own_o name_v carolus_n who_o some_o make_v to_o be_v 50._o charles_n iii_o 51._o ericus_n iv_o slay_v by_o haldanus_n king_n of_o denmark_n 52._o haldanus_n who_o get_v the_o kingdom_n by_o his_o valour_n of_o this_o king_n be_v report_v several_a prodigious_a story_n as_o of_o his_o gigantic_a stature_n his_o pull_v up_o tree_n by_o the_o root_n and_o such_o like_a not_o inferior_a to_o those_o which_o poet_n relate_v of_o hercules_n and_o the_o giant_n 53._o vngvinus_n who_o to_o his_o own_o kingdom_n unite_v gothia_n for_o a_o long_a time_n govern_v by_o distinct_a king_n 54._o ragvaldus_n or_o regnaldus_n 55._o amundus_n 56._o haquinus_n in_o who_o reign_n the_o goth_n elect_v one_o sivardo_fw-la king_n of_o gothia_n 57_o ostenus_fw-la i._n who_o entertain_v a_o implacable_a hatred_n against_o the_o norwegian_n send_v a_o great_a army_n against_o they_o subdue_v their_o country_n make_v the_o inhabitant_n tributary_n to_o the_o swedish_n crown_n and_o as_o a_o opprobrium_fw-la to_o the_o nation_n set_v a_o dog_n to_o be_v chief_a governor_n over_o they_o to_o which_o they_o be_v to_o pay_v all_o subjection_n and_o swear_v allegiance_n under_o the_o penalty_n of_o lose_v one_o hand_n and_o one_o foot_n this_o be_v mention_v both_o in_o the_o swedish_n and_o norwegian_a chronicle_n 58._o alverus_n or_o alaricus_n elect_v say_v krantzius_n out_o of_o the_o noble_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o happy_a reign_n stab_v by_o his_o brother_n ericus_n who_o be_v impatient_a to_o obtain_v the_o crown_n which_o he_o think_v he_o may_v procure_v after_o his_o death_n but_o vain_o for_o the_o government_n be_v confer_v on_o 59_o ingo_n i._o elder_a son_n to_o alverus_n he_o be_v the_o first_o that_o order_v the_o election_n of_o king_n to_o be_v hold_v at_o moresten_n near_o vpsal_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o which_o see_v what_o be_v say_v in_o suecia_n about_o this_o time_n the_o kingdom_n be_v govern_v by_o judge_n the_o next_o king_n be_v 60._o ingellus_fw-la i._n kill_v by_o his_o brother_n 61._o germunder_o in_o a_o war_n against_o denmark_n take_v prisoner_n and_o hang_v up_o upon_o a_o gibbet_n 62._o haquinus_n 63._o egellus_n after_o who_o time_n succeed_v several_a king_n johannes_n magnus_n reckon_v twenty_o concern_v who_o nothing_o very_o remarkable_a be_v set_v down_o by_o historian_n the_o next_o great_a epocha_n be_v count_v from_o the_o reign_n of_o 84._o bero_n or_o biorno_n iii_o the_o first_o christian_a king_n in_o sweden_n convert_v to_o christianity_n by_o one_o herebretus_n at_o his_o request_n send_v to_o he_o by_o charles_n the_o great_a emperor_n of_o germany_n 85._o brautamundus_n or_o amundus_n in_o some_o civil_a commotion_n in_o his_o kingdom_n kill_v by_o his_o brother_n and_o successor_n 86._o sivardus_fw-la ii_o who_o in_o his_o expedition_n against_o norway_n be_v with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o army_n overcome_v in_o battle_n the_o enemy_n force_n most_o consist_v of_o woman_n 87._o herotus_fw-la or_o haraldus_n betwixt_o who_o and_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n a_o war_n break_v out_o concern_v the_o province_n of_o schonen_fw-mi which_o this_o king_n at_o last_o free_o grant_v to_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n as_o a_o reward_n of_o his_o signal_n prudence_n and_o valour_n 89._o charles_n vi._n 90._o biorno_n iu._n 91._o ingellus_fw-la ii_o in_o who_o time_n helsingia_n and_o several_a other_o province_n in_o suecia_n have_v their_o distinct_a governor_n these_o he_o under_o colour_n of_o friendship_n invite_v to_o a_o banquet_n and_o when_o he_o have_v make_v they_o drink_v with_o strong_a liquor_n he_o cause_v a_o fire_n to_o be_v set_v on_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v and_o so_o destroy_v they_o all_o and_o seize_v on_o their_o possession_n to_o revenge_v this_o cruelty_n gramus_fw-la duke_n of_o sudermannia_n and_o hauno_n duke_n of_o ostrogothia_a raise_v force_n and_o come_v against_o he_o but_o with_o no_o good_a success_n at_o last_o for_o under_o pretence_n of_o a_o parley_n they_o be_v take_v prisoner_n and_o at_o ingellus_n command_n burn_v to_o death_n 92._o olaus_n from_o his_o command_v many_o thick_a wood_n to_o be_v cut_v down_o surname_v tratelia_n or_o tree-feller_n he_o be_v say_v by_o some_o to_o have_v embrace_v christianity_n at_o the_o persuasion_n of_o ansgarius_n a_o learned_a bishop_n send_v into_o sweden_n by_o lewis_n ii_o emperor_n of_o germany_n but_o though_o he_o himself_o perhaps_o do_v favour_v christian_a religion_n it_o get_v small_a foot_n among_o his_o subject_n for_o paganism_n be_v say_v for_o a_o long_a time_n to_o have_v prevail_v in_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o succeed_a prince_n 93._o ingo_n ii_o 94._o ericus_n vi_o surname_v windy-cap_n who_o be_v say_v to_o have_v have_v a_o cap_n by_o hold_v up_o of_o which_o he_o can_v cause_v the_o wind_n to_o blow_v from_o what_o point_v he_o please_v for_o which_o and_o such_o like_a magical_a exploit_n he_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n be_v elect_v king_n 95._o ericus_n vii_o surname_v victorious_a 96._o ericus_n viii_o surname_v aarsel_n i.e._n rich_a in_o corn._n he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v countenance_v christianity_n which_o have_v be_v from_o the_o time_n of_o bero_n till_o his_o reign_n very_o much_o suppress_v and_o endeavour_v by_o law_n to_o establish_v it_o in_o his_o kingdom_n to_o have_v be_v by_o the_o fury_n of_o his_o subject_n tear_v in_o piece_n and_o martyr_v for_o his_o good_a intention_n towards_o they_o 97._o olaus_n surname_v scotkonung_n i.e._n infant-king_n because_o advance_v to_o the_o crown_n when_o young_a he_o embrace_v christianity_n and_o send_v to_o ethelred_n king_n of_o england_n to_o furnish_v he_o with_o able_a minister_n
christian_n whereupon_o he_o be_v baptize_v in_o the_o year_n 826_o and_o immediate_o restore_v to_o his_o dominion_n but_o soon_o after_o he_o renounce_v christianity_n and_o continue_v heathen_a till_o reclaim_v by_o st._n anschar_n who_o for_o his_o good_a office_n in_o the_o northern_a kingdom_n be_v make_v archbishop_n of_o hamburgh_n in_o the_o year_n 835._o 2._o eric_n succeed_v his_o brother_n harald_n with_o who_o he_o have_v be_v baptize_v in_o germany_n in_o his_o kingdom_n and_o cruelty_n against_o the_o the_o christian_n in_o his_o day_n about_o the_o year_n 853_o the_o dane_n first_o enter_v france_n under_o the_o command_n of_o their_o captain_n rollo_n though_o other_o more_o probable_o relate_v he_o not_o to_o have_v be_v the_o first_o of_o those_o northern_a rover_n that_o invade_v france_n but_o to_o have_v succeed_v to_o gotfrid_n and_o to_o have_v enter_v france_n about_o the_o year_n 876_o and_o not_o to_o have_v be_v peaceable_o settle_v in_o normandy_n till_o 889_o or_o 890_o see_v the_o history_n of_o the_o life_n of_o king_n aelfred_n and_o seat_v themselves_o in_o that_o part_n which_o have_v ever_o since_o keep_v the_o name_n of_o normandy_n 3._o eric_n barn_n or_o the_o child_n be_v the_o only_a male_n leave_v alive_a of_o the_o royal_a family_n after_o the_o bloody_a war_n between_o his_o predecessor_n and_o guthorm_n king_n of_o norway_n he_o begin_v his_o reign_n happy_o have_v marry_v the_o daughter_n of_o king_n guthorm_n but_o within_o awhile_o he_o grow_v more_o cruel_a than_o any_o of_o his_o ancestor_n have_v be_v slay_v more_o bishop_n and_o destroy_v more_o church_n and_o religious_a house_n both_o in_o germany_n and_o england_n than_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o danish_a king_n put_v together_o in_o his_o german_a war_n he_o slay_v brunno_n duke_n of_o saxony_n and_o twelve_o count_n he_o die_v about_o the_o year_n 902._o 4._o canutus_n the_o hairy_a or_o lodneknudt_fw-ge succeed_v his_o father_n eric_n in_o his_o day_n say_v king_n eric_n in_o his_o chronicon_fw-la every_o three_o man_n in_o denmark_n go_v by_o lot_n to_o seek_v his_o fortune_n so_o that_o those_o who_o march_v off_o overrun_v all_o prussia_n semgal_n curland_n and_o several_a other_o country_n whence_o they_o never_o return_v but_o there_o they_o and_o their_o posterity_n have_v continue_v to_o this_o day_n he_o die_v a_o heathen_a about_o the_o year_n 912._o 5._o after_o the_o death_n of_o canutus_n the_o danish_a sceptre_n be_v give_v to_o frotho_n his_o son_n so_o say_v the_o most_o credible_a historian_n though_o lindenbruch_n report_v that_o his_o brother_n sueno_n reign_v nine_o year_n he_o be_v twenty_o year_n king_n of_o england_n and_o denmark_n in_o the_o former_a of_o which_o he_o be_v baptize_v and_o die_v a_o good_a christian_n 6._o gormo_n gormund_n or_o guthrum_n surname_v hartesnute_n and_o engelend_a because_o bear_v in_o england_n succeed_v his_o father_n he_o together_o with_o his_o follower_n be_v baptize_v at_o aalre_a in_o sommersetshire_n and_o have_v our_o learned_a and_o pious_a king_n aelfr_v to_o his_o godfather_n who_o at_o the_o font_n give_v he_o the_o name_n of_o athelstane_n and_o afterward_o bestow_v on_o he_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o east-angle_n from_o this_o gormo_n a_o village_n near_o huntingdon_n call_v at_o this_o day_n by_o the_o inhabitant_n corrupt_o godman-chester_n have_v its_o name_n gormon-chester_n as_o cambden_n prove_v from_o that_o old_a verse_n gormonis_fw-la a_o castri_fw-la nomine_fw-la nomen_fw-la habet_fw-la i_o be_o very_o unwilling_a i_o must_v confess_v to_o confound_v this_o gormo_n with_o king_n aelfred_n godson_n who_o as_o far_o as_o we_o can_v learn_v from_o english_a writer_n never_o sit_v in_o the_o throne_n of_o denmark_n neither_o do_v the_o time_n agree_v but_o the_o danish_a historian_n will_v have_v it_o so_o and_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o seek_v for_o satisfaction_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o such_o confusion_n as_o we_o meet_v with_o in_o their_o writing_n 7._o harald_n surname_v blaatand_v succeed_v his_o father_n gormo_n in_o his_o day_n the_o dane_n throw_v up_o that_o famous_a trench_n between_o gottorp_n and_o sleswic_n call_v dannewirck_n of_o which_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v more_o hereafter_o 8._o sueno_n or_o svenotho_n surname_v tuiskeg_n i._n e._n fork'd-beard_n succeed_v harald_n at_o first_o he_o be_v a_o heathen_a and_o a_o severe_a persecutor_n of_o the_o christian_n but_o afterward_o he_o turn_v christian_n himself_o and_o found_v three_o bishopric_n at_o sleswic_n ripe_n and_o arhuse_v some_o say_v he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1012_o and_o be_v bury_v at_o york_n other_o make_v he_o live_v till_o the_o year_n 1014_o and_o bring_v he_o to_o his_o grave_n in_o denmark_n 9_o canutus_n the_o great_a son_n to_o sueno_n he_o be_v at_o once_o king_n of_o england_n denmark_n sweden_n norway_n slavonia_n and_o sambland_n some_o make_v he_o king_n or_o duke_n at_o least_o of_o normandy_n and_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o meaning_n of_o that_o old_a distich_n which_o not_o reckon_v either_o slavonia_n or_o sambland_n a_o kingdom_n bring_v he_o in_o thus_o speak_v of_o himself_o facta_fw-la mihi_fw-la magni_fw-la pepererunt_fw-la inclyta_fw-la nomen_fw-la quinque_fw-la sub_fw-la imperio_fw-la regna_fw-la fuere_fw-la meo_fw-la he_o be_v bury_v at_o winchester_n in_o the_o year_n 1036_o after_o he_o have_v be_v twenty-seven_o year_n king_n of_o denmark_n twentyfour_o of_o england_n and_o seven_o of_o norway_n leave_v the_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n to_o his_o son_n 10._o hardicnute_a who_o within_o four_o year_n obtain_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o his_o brother_n harald_n here_o he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1041_o and_o be_v bury_v by_o his_o father_n in_o the_o cathedral_n at_o winchester_n 11._o magnus_n king_n of_o norway_n seize_v on_o the_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o hardicnute_a pretend_v a_o title_n to_o it_o by_o contract_n but_o he_o enjoy_v it_o not_o long_o he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1048_o and_o leave_v the_o kingdom_n to_o 12._o sveno_fw-la esthret_n son_n on_o one_o vlf_n a_o english_a earl_n he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1074_o and_o leave_v behind_o he_o five_o son_n who_o all_o of_o they_o sit_v successive_o in_o their_o father_n throne_n 13._o harald_n sveno_n elder_a son_n hold_v the_o sceptre_n only_o two_o year_n he_o be_v a_o soft_a easy_a and_o timorous_a prince_n afraid_a to_o punish_v offender_n or_o to_o look_v a_o enemy_n in_o the_o face_n so_o that_o the_o english_a make_v use_n of_o the_o opportunity_n shake_v off_o the_o danish_a yoke_n without_o any_o considerable_a molestation_n 14._o st._n canutus_n king_n swain_n second_o son_n be_v barbarous_o murder_v in_o st._n alban_n church_n in_o odensee_n a_o city_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o funen_n whither_o he_o flee_v for_o sanctuary_n from_o the_o rage_n of_o his_o own_o subject_n in_o the_o year_n 1088_o pontanus_n say_v 1077_o the_o occasion_n be_v this_o the_o pious_a king_n command_v that_o all_o his_o subject_n shall_v pay_v tithe_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o other_o nation_n this_o edict_n be_v represent_v to_o the_o people_n by_o his_o brother_n olaf_n who_o long_v for_o the_o crown_n as_o a_o encroachment_n upon_o the_o privilege_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_a whereupon_o they_o quick_o rise_v in_o open_a rebellion_n against_o their_o sovereign_n who_o to_o appease_v the_o rage_n of_o the_o rabble_n be_v martyr_v 15._o olaf_n swain_n three_o son_n upon_o the_o slaughter_n of_o his_o brother_n cnute_n which_o he_o traitorous_o have_v procure_v be_v by_o his_o follower_n unanimous_o declare_v king_n but_o his_o brother_n blood_n go_v not_o long_o unrevenged_a for_o in_o this_o king_n day_n the_o famine_n be_v so_o great_a in_o denmark_n that_o even_o the_o king_n household_n want_v bread_n olaf_n at_o last_o sensible_a that_o this_o judgement_n be_v inflict_v on_o the_o kingdom_n for_o his_o sin_n pray_v that_o god_n will_v turn_v the_o current_n of_o his_o vengeance_n from_o the_o people_n upon_o his_o head_n that_o have_v offend_v his_o prayer_n be_v hear_v and_o the_o same_o night_n in_o the_o year_n 1096_o he_o die_v hungry_a and_o miserable_a and_o the_o famine_n immediate_o abate_v 16._o eric_n swain_n four_o son_n surname_v the_o good_a for_o his_o religious_a zeal_n and_o piety_n who_o die_v in_o his_o pilgrimage_n towards_o jerusalem_n and_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o cyprus_n in_o the_o year_n 1106._o in_o his_o day_n lunden_n be_v make_v a_o archbishop_n see_v before_o which_o time_n all_o the_o danish_a bishop_n be_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o bremen_n 17._o nicolas_n sveno_n young_a son_n he_o be_v slay_v by_o the_o jute_n in_o revenge_n of_o cnute_n duke_n of_o flanders_n who_o he_o have_v cause_v to_o be_v kill_v in_o the_o church_n in_o the_o year_n
of_o the_o great_a concourse_n of_o people_n who_o flock_n hither_o for_o justice_n in_o all_o cause_n civil_a and_o criminal_a it_o be_v former_o call_v cimmersbeg_n as_o be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o ancient_a cimbrian_o tacitus_n call_v it_o civitatem_fw-la parvam_fw-la but_o withal_o that_o it_o have_v be_v a_o glorious_a and_o strong_a hold_n and_o the_o metropolis_n of_o a_o terrible_a and_o warlike_a nation_n whence_o and_o when_o it_o get_v the_o name_n wiberg_n be_v not_o easy_o determine_v some_o tell_v we_o that_o after_o the_o many_o petty_a principality_n of_o the_o cimbrian_o be_v unite_v into_o one_o monarchy_n by_o wiglet_n this_o city_n lose_v its_o ancient_a name_n and_o be_v call_v after_o the_o prince_n wigburg_n corrupt_v by_o degree_n into_o wiberg_n elnot_n in_o the_o life_n of_o st._n canutus_n say_v it_o have_v its_o new_a name_n from_o wig_n a_o idol_n worship_v in_o this_o place_n i_o rather_o think_v it_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o danish_a pirate_n call_v former_o wig_n or_o wikenger_n for_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n in_o the_o northern_a country_n where_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v more_o than_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o land_n can_v sustain_v for_o young_a nobleman_n to_o live_v of_o what_o they_o can_v catch_v abroad_o as_o the_o lacedaemonian_n think_v robbery_n so_o these_o fancy_a piracy_n lawful_a and_o glorious_a whence_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n will_v often_o turn_v pirate_n and_o take_v upon_o they_o the_o title_n of_o king_n though_o they_o have_v not_o the_o least_o dominion_n at_o land_n as_o the_o norwegian_a history_n report_v of_o st._n olaus_n the_o most_o notorious_a pirate_n mention_v by_o the_o northern_a historian_n be_v the_o jomswikinger_n who_o dwell_v in_o the_o city_n wollin_n call_v ancient_o jomsberg_n where_o they_o have_v establish_v certain_a law_n and_o be_v subject_a to_o magistrate_n and_o governor_n choose_v out_o of_o the_o royal_a family_n cambden_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o dane_n be_v usual_o understand_v by_o the_o name_n viccingi_n in_o the_o latin_a writer_n of_o our_o english_a history_n because_o say_v he_o they_o be_v profess_v pirate_n in_o our_o learned_a king_n aelfred_n translation_n of_o bede_n ecclesiastical_a history_n pirate_n be_v call_v wicengas_n and_o wicing_n and_o mr._n cambden_n guess_v probable_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o glocestershire_n worcestershire_n etc._n etc._n be_v former_o call_v wiccii_n from_o the_o sea-robbery_n commit_v daily_o by_o they_o upon_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o severn_n the_o english-saxons_a name_v a_o stout_a warrior_n wiga_n skill_n in_o war_n wig-chaept_a a_o fort_n wighus_o etc._n etc._n in_o the_o old_a francic_a history_n of_o the_o life_n of_o st._n anno_fw-la archbishop_n of_o cologne_n we_o read_v ninus_n hiz_v der_fw-mi eristi_fw-la mann_n de_fw-fr dir_fw-mi ie_fw-fr volc_n wigis_fw-la begin_v i._n e._n ninus_n be_v the_o first_o that_o ever_o make_v war_n and_o in_o willeramus_n paraphrase_n upon_o the_o canticle_n wighuis_n be_v a_o castle_n wiigfimme_v the_o art_n of_o combat_n etc._n etc._n nial_n runic_a history_n say_v gunnar_n var_fw-mi alra_fw-mi manna_n best_a viigur_n deira_fw-la sem_fw-mi de_fw-fr voru_fw-fr a_o island_n i.e._n gunnar_n be_v the_o best_a champion_n that_o live_v in_o island_n in_o his_o day_n from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o seem_v very_o probable_a that_o wiberg_n signify_v no_o more_o than_o wigton_n the_o name_n of_o several_a great_a town_n in_o england_n and_o scotland_n and_o the_o scot_n still_o retain_v so_o much_o of_o the_o old_a saxon_a word_n wig_n as_o to_o call_v soldier_n and_o pillager_n of_o the_o country_n wig_n or_o wiganeer_n there_o have_v be_v for_o some_o year_n a_o quarrel_n between_o the_o bishop_n of_o alburg_n and_o wiburg_n about_o precedency_n each_o pretend_v his_o bishopric_n the_o more_o ancient_a it_o be_v very_o hard_a if_o not_o impossible_a to_o decide_v the_o controversy_n except_o we_o date_n the_o first_o institution_n of_o the_o bishopric_n of_o alburg_n from_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o bishop_n palace_n to_o that_o city_n for_o the_o bishopric_n of_o wiburg_n and_o borlum_n be_v both_o found_v in_o one_o year_n by_o sueno_n esthrith_n who_o make_v heribert_n bishop_n of_o wiburg_n the_o same_o time_n that_o he_o give_v borlum_n to_o magnus_n witfield_n give_v wiburg_n the_o precedency_n but_o alburg_n be_v reckon_v the_o better_a and_o more_o honourable_a preferment_n by_o other_o danish_a writer_n from_o the_o high_a court_n of_o judicature_n hold_v at_o wiburg_n the_o jutlander_n can_v make_v no_o appeal_n save_v to_o the_o king_n himself_o the_o most_o memorable_a bay_n in_o this_o diocese_n be_v sallingsundt_n virckesundt_fw-mi hualpsundt_fw-mi sebersundt_fw-mi and_o othesundt_n the_o last_o of_o which_o have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o emperor_n otho_n the_o first_o who_o make_v a_o incursion_n into_o jutland_n about_o the_o year_n 948_o come_v as_o far_o as_o this_o bay_n into_o which_o he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v cast_v his_o spear_n and_o give_v it_o the_o name_n it_o retain_v to_o this_o day_n the_o most_o considerable_a and_o fruitful_a part_n of_o this_o diocese_n be_v salling_n a_o peninsula_n in_o the_o limfiord_n whence_o be_v bring_v the_o best_a horse_n that_o be_v to_o be_v meet_v with_o in_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n dominion_n the_o name_n of_o this_o province_n seem_v to_o point_v out_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o old_a sabalingi_n who_o ptolomey_n make_v a_o people_n inhabit_v some_o part_n of_o the_o cimbrian_a chersonese_n but_o more_o southerly_a than_o salling_n the_o chief_a river_n in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o wiburg_n be_v gudius_n gutalus_n or_o guddenus_n call_v by_o the_o native_n gudden_a aa_n and_o store_v with_o plenty_n of_o fish_n arhuse_n be_v a_o neat_a and_o pleasant_a seaport_n town_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o baltic_a sea_n arhusen_n arhusen_n whence_o etymologist_n derive_v its_o name_n from_o aar-hus_a i._n e._n the_o house_n of_o oar_n which_o be_v a_o much_o more_o probable_a conjecture_n than_o be_v bring_v by_o pontanus_n who_o fetch_v the_o word_n arhusen_n from_o ptolomy_n harudes_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o danish_a historian_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v first_o make_v a_o bishop_n see_v about_o the_o year_n 1014._o though_o if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o poppo_n be_v make_v bishop_n of_o this_o diocese_n its_o original_n must_v be_v fetch_v as_o high_a as_o the_o year_n 992._o the_o cathedral_n at_o arhuse_n be_v a_o neat_a piece_n of_o architecture_n adorn_v with_o several_a rich_a monument_n of_o bishop_n noblemen_z etc._n etc._n the_o bishop_n palace_n have_v lie_v many_o year_n in_o its_o ruin_n which_o still_o retain_v mark_n of_o its_o ancient_a splendour_n and_o grandeur_n it_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o heart_n of_o jutland_n and_o furnish_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o necessary_n that_o the_o country_n afford_v at_o a_o very_a reasonable_a rate_n and_o what_o foreign_a commodity_n either_o the_o need_n or_o luxury_n of_o its_o citizen_n call_v for_o be_v bring_v daily_o in_o by_o the_o mariner_n in_o this_o diocese_n there_o be_v thirty_o one_o judicature_n seven_o city_n three_o hundred_o and_o four_o parish_n and_o five_o fort_n the_o strong_a of_o which_o be_v schanderborch_n or_o schonderborch_n i.e._n the_o neat_a castle_n seat_v on_o the_o gudden_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o city_n of_o note_n in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o arhusen_n be_v 1._o horsen_a on_o the_o south_n of_o arhusen_n 2._o randruse_v a_o place_n famous_a for_o the_o best_a salmon_n in_o jutland_n 3._o ebeltod_a on_o the_o baltic_a coast_n a_o town_n of_o considerable_a trade_n the_o bishopric_n of_o ripen_v ripen_v ripen_v border_v on_o the_o southern_a jutland_n contain_v in_o it_o seven_o city_n two_o hundred_o eighty_o two_o parish_n ten_o castle_n and_o a_o hundred_o nobleman_n house_n it_o be_v seat_v upon_o the_o clear_a and_o sweet_a river_n nipsaa_n which_o part_v itself_o into_o three_o stream_n divide_v the_o town_n into_o as_o many_o part_n and_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o city_n arm_n which_o be_v three_o lion_n here_o about_o ptolemy_n seem_v to_o place_v his_o cimbros_n phundusios_fw-gr that_o this_o city_n shall_v have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o latin_a word_n ripa_n upon_o its_o be_v situate_a on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n be_v no_o great_a wonder_n if_o we_o consider_v that_o whilst_o the_o native_n of_o these_o part_n busy_v themselves_o chief_o in_o fortify_v and_o people_n their_o great_a ciity_n it_o be_v ordinary_a for_o the_o german_n roman_n and_o other_o foreigner_n to_o give_v name_n to_o small_a village_n upon_o the_o seacoast_n which_o after_o a_o revolution_n of_o some_o year_n by_o the_o advantage_n of_o a_o brisk_a sea-trade_n grow_v bulky_a and_o be_v often_o advance_v into_o large_a corporation_n the_o cathedral_n be_v a_o stately_a fabric_n of_o hew_a stone_n beautify_v with_o a_o tower_n of_o a_o incredible_a height_n which_o
fish_n butter_n tallow_n hides_n etc._n etc._n be_v bring_v from_o all_o part_n of_o norway_n to_o be_v ship_v off_o into_o other_o country_n the_o townsman_n not_o many_o year_n ago_o observe_v the_o daily_a increase_n of_o their_o trade_n and_o the_o great_a concourse_n of_o stranger_n which_o it_o draw_v from_o all_o part_n and_o fear_v they_o themselves_o may_v at_o last_o be_v prejudice_v by_o a_o unlimited_a and_o general_a admission_n of_o foreign_a tradesman_n and_o merchant_n into_o their_o city_n make_v a_o order_n that_o whoever_o will_v after_o such_o a_o time_n be_v admit_v a_o freeman_n of_o the_o town_n shall_v either_o be_v whip_v at_o a_o game_n institute_v upon_o this_o occasion_n and_o call_v by_o they_o gantenspill_n or_o roll_v in_o mud_n and_o dirt_n or_o last_o hang_v in_o a_o basket_n over_o some_o intolerable_a and_o filthy_a smoke_n this_o hard_a usage_n quick_o diminish_v the_o number_n of_o foreigner_n who_o fancy_v it_o scarce_o worth_n their_o while_n to_o purchase_v their_o freedom_n at_o so_o dear_a and_o scandalous_a a_o rate_n but_o of_o late_a the_o industry_n and_o skill_n as_o well_o as_o number_v of_o the_o inhabitant_n increase_n these_o barbarous_a custom_n be_v lay_v aside_o and_o the_o citizen_n themselves_o be_v now_o able_a to_o export_v what_o be_v former_o fetch_v away_o from_o they_o the_o bishop_n of_o this_o diocese_n be_v heretofore_o under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o truntheim_n to_o the_o governor_n of_o berghen_n be_v subject_a the_o prefecture_n of_o sudhornleen_n nordhornleen_n soghne_n sudfiord_n norfiord_n and_o sundmerleen_n the_o prefecture_n and_o bishopric_n of_o nidrosia_n or_o truntheim_n the_o four_o castle_n and_o government_n in_o norway_n be_v that_o of_o the_o city_n nidrosia_n as_o it_o be_v ancient_o call_v from_o the_o river_n nider_n on_o which_o it_o be_v seat_v or_o truntheim_n former_o the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o king_n and_o archbishop_n of_o norway_n pontanus_n somewhere_o call_v this_o city_n the_o cabinet_n of_o all_o the_o norwegian_a monument_n but_o wormius_n find_v no_o great_a reason_n to_o confer_v so_o honourable_a a_o title_n upon_o it_o when_o after_o a_o diligent_a search_n into_o the_o antiquity_n old_a monument_n and_o relic_n of_o the_o primitive_a inhabitant_n of_o this_o kingdom_n he_o meet_v with_o no_o more_o than_o three_o runic_a inscription_n in_o this_o whole_a diocese_n the_o conveniency_n of_o the_o haven_n make_v this_o place_n resort_v to_o by_o some_o mariner_n and_o merchant_n to_o this_o day_n but_o the_o ruin_n be_v so_o great_a that_o it_o look_v more_o like_o a_o village_n than_o city_n not_o have_v have_v any_o opportunity_n of_o recover_v its_o former_a splendour_n since_o it_o be_v burn_v down_o in_o the_o year_n 1522._o its_o house_n be_v a_o company_n of_o old_a fashion_a and_o rot_a building_n and_o the_o king_n palace_n be_v decay_v below_o the_o meanness_n of_o a_o english_a cottage_n however_o something_o of_o its_o ancient_a grandeur_n still_o appear_v in_o the_o cathedral_n dedicate_v to_o st._n olaus_n which_o though_o almost_o consume_v by_o fire_n yet_o by_o the_o ruin_n show_v itself_o to_o have_v be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o magnificent_a and_o large_a structure_n in_o the_o world_n in_o this_o church_n the_o huntsman_n be_v wont_a to_o make_v a_o yearly_a offering_n of_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o large_a and_o stout_a white_a bear_n which_o they_o kill_v for_o the_o priest_n to_o tread_v upon_o at_o divine_a service_n groneland_n and_o iseland_n be_v former_o part_n of_o the_o diocese_n of_o truntheim_n but_o now_o this_o bishopric_n be_v not_o of_o so_o large_a a_o extent_n in_o the_o castle_n reside_v the_o governor_n of_o the_o whole_a prefecture_n of_o truntheim_n who_o have_v under_o he_o several_a other_o governor_n of_o lesser_a province_n in_o the_o country_n a_o little_a beyond_o this_o city_n there_o grow_v no_o wood_n at_o all_o but_o instead_o thereof_o the_o inhabitant_n make_v use_v of_o fish-bone_n as_o well_o to_o build_v their_o house_n and_o for_o several_a implement_n of_o householdstuff_n as_o fuel_n and_o with_o the_o fat_a of_o the_o same_o fish_n they_o feed_v their_o lamp_n in_o winter_n the_o prefecture_n of_o truntheim_n in_o the_o year_n 1658_o be_v by_o the_o dane_n surrender_v up_o to_o the_o swede_n by_o a_o public_a treaty_n of_o peace_n the_o next_o year_n they_o wrest_v it_o again_o out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o swedish_n king_n but_o resign_v it_o back_o at_o the_o treaty_n of_o roschild_n halgoland_n the_o country_n of_o ohther_n king_n aelfred_n geographer_n be_v a_o part_n of_o this_o prefecture_n of_o which_o that_o author_n give_v this_o account_n to_o the_o king_n his_o master_n ê§_n nan_o man_n ne_o bude_n be_v nor_o ðh_n a_fw-fr he_o i_o e._n that_o no_o inhabit_a country_n lie_v further_a north_n than_o this_o but_o the_o great_a fish_n trade_n upon_o these_o coast_n have_v make_v the_o english_a better_a acquaint_v with_o these_o part_n than_o this_o gentleman_n be_v with_o his_o own_o country_n the_o prefecture_n of_o wardhus_n the_o castle_n of_o wardhus_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o five_o and_o last_o great_a governor_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o island_n warda_n in_o which_o it_o stand_v this_o isle_n lie_v about_o two_o german_a mile_n from_o the_o main_a land_n of_o finmark_n be_v near_o twelve_o english_a mile_n in_o compass_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o and_o the_o two_o adjoin_a isle_n which_o in_o finmark_n go_v all_o under_o the_o general_a name_n of_o trunsolem_n live_v only_o upon_o stockfish_n which_o they_o dry_v in_o the_o frost_n they_o have_v no_o manner_n of_o bread_n nor_o drink_n but_o what_o be_v bring_v they_o from_o other_o place_n some_o small_a stock_n of_o cattle_n they_o have_v but_o only_o such_o as_o can_v make_v a_o shift_n to_o live_v of_o their_o master_n diet_n dry_a fish_n finmark_n or_o norwegian_n lapland_n on_o the_o north_n of_o norway_n lie_v finmark_n or_o as_o the_o native_n use_v to_o call_v it_o taakemark_n which_o perhaps_o be_v the_o ancient_a habitation_n of_o the_o finni_n mention_v by_o tacitus_n for_o the_o character_n which_o that_o historian_n give_v we_o of_o those_o people_n be_v very_o applicable_a to_o the_o modern_a finmarker_n the_o finni_n say_v he_o be_v a_o people_n extraordinary_a savage_a and_o miserable_o poor_a they_o have_v neither_o horse_n arm_n house_n nor_o home_n but_o feed_v upon_o root_n and_o such_o provision_n as_o their_o bow_n and_o arrow_n can_v procure_v and_o be_v clothe_v with_o the_o skin_n of_o wild_a beast_n to_o this_o day_n finmark_n be_v not_o divide_v as_o all_o other_o country_n general_o be_v into_o distinct_a lordship_n and_o inheritance_n but_o as_o in_o mr._n hobbes_n state_n of_o nature_n every_o private_a man_n pretend_v a_o right_a and_o title_n to_o every_o part_n of_o the_o land_n and_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o arm_n be_v the_o only_a judge_n of_o controversy_n when_o fish_v season_n come_v in_o they_o throng_v to_o the_o seacoast_n and_o when_o that_o be_v over_o retire_v again_o into_o the_o upland_n only_o the_o islander_n in_o heymeland_n keep_v their_o station_n and_o have_v their_o church_n in_o trom_n suro_n maggero_n and_o other_o place_n the_o language_n manner_n and_o habit_n of_o the_o people_n be_v the_o same_o as_o in_o the_o swedish_n lapland_n of_o which_o a_o account_n have_v be_v already_o give_v of_o the_o ancient_a commerce_n between_o the_o old_a britain_n english_a and_o norwegian_n though_o the_o relation_n which_o our_o english_a writer_n give_v we_o of_o the_o prowess_n and_o brave_a exploit_n of_o the_o valiant_a british_a king_n arthur_n savour_v too_o much_o of_o romance_n yet_o in_o the_o main_a our_o best_a historian_n agree_v unanimous_o in_o this_o that_o no_o prince_n ever_o conquer_v more_o of_o the_o northern_a kingdom_n than_o this_o king_n w._n lambert_n in_o his_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d assure_v we_o that_o all_o the_o island_n nation_n and_o kingdom_n in_o the_o north_n and_o east_n sea_n as_o far_o as_o russia_n be_v tributary_n to_o he_o and_o geoffry_n of_o monmouth_n say_v king_n arthur_z at_o one_o time_n summon_v no_o less_o than_o six_o king_n to_o appear_v before_o he_o at_o his_o court_n in_o britain_n viz._n 1._o guillaumur_n king_n of_o ireland_n 2._o malvase_n king_n of_o iseland_n 3._o doldaff_n king_n of_o gothland_n 4._o gunnase_n king_n of_o orkney_n 5._o lot_z king_n of_o norway_n and_o 6._o aschile_o king_n of_o denmark_n upon_o these_o conquest_n the_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o the_o norwegian_n incorporate_v into_o one_o nation_n with_o the_o britain_n but_o this_o amity_n be_v of_o no_o long_a continuance_n for_o norway_n be_v at_o too_o great_a a_o distance_n
part_n of_o germany_n so_o that_o these_o still_o retain_v their_o ancient_a form_n until_o the_o frank_n have_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o all_o introduce_v new_a mode_n and_o establish_v a_o new_a sort_n of_o government_n everywhere_o for_o these_o conqueror_n imitate_v the_o roman_n reduce_v all_o germany_n into_o province_n over_o which_o they_o appoint_v so_o many_o duke_n who_o have_v authority_n to_o govern_v and_o to_o administer_v justice_n according_a to_o the_o tenure_n of_o their_o respective_a commission_n to_o these_o duke_n they_o sometime_o add_v assistant_n who_o be_v from_o their_o office_n which_o be_v to_o aid_v the_o duke_n in_o the_o management_n of_o great_a and_o weighty_a affair_n call_v count_n or_o comites_fw-la the_o duke_n be_v always_o elect_v by_o the_o king_n and_o nobility_n out_o of_o some_o illustrious_a family_n yet_o so_o that_o if_o the_o decease_a duke_n son_n be_v capable_a and_o worthy_a of_o his_o father_n honour_n he_o be_v seldom_o reject_v at_o last_o the_o power_n of_o these_o duke_n grow_v exceed_o great_a and_o terrible_a insomuch_o that_o it_o be_v ordinary_a for_o several_a of_o they_o to_o deny_v to_o pay_v homage_n to_o the_o emperor_n which_o when_o charles_n the_o great_a observe_v he_o destroy_v the_o two_o great_a dukedom_n of_o the_o francic_a kingdom_n aquitane_n and_o bavaria_n by_o divide_v they_o into_o several_a small_a county_n but_o not_o long_o after_o charles_n death_n the_o emperor_n create_v new_a duke_n in_o most_o place_n where_o he_o have_v change_v they_o into_o count_n whereupon_o the_o empire_n be_v quick_o reduce_v to_o the_o former_a strait_n every_o duke_n pretend_v to_o and_o exercise_v regal_a authority_n in_o his_o own_o province_n the_o first_o of_o these_o that_o grow_v formidable_o potent_a be_v otho_n duke_n of_o saxony_n afterward_o elect_a emperor_n who_o though_o he_o refuse_v the_o imperial_a diadem_n and_o get_v it_o confer_v on_o conrade_n duke_n of_o franconia_n be_v always_o look_v upon_o as_o the_o most_o powerful_a prince_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n in_o his_o time_n after_o otho_n death_n the_o emperor_n conrade_n use_v all_o mean_n possible_a to_o reduce_v the_o overgrow_a power_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n to_o some_o tolerable_a mediocrity_n but_o his_o endeavour_n prove_v unsuccessful_a and_o duke_n henry_n stout_o maintain_v the_o honour_n and_o privilege_n which_o his_o father_n otho_n have_v enjoy_v without_o disturbance_n from_o that_o time_n forward_o the_o emperor_n lay_v under_o a_o obligation_n of_o create_v new_a duke_n who_o get_v into_o their_o hand_n the_o government_n of_o several_a potent_a city_n set_v up_o for_o almost_o absolute_a prince_n our_o learned_a antiquary_n mr._n selden_n reckon_v up_o six_o several_a sort_n of_o grave_n or_o count_n which_o be_v these_o 1._o schlechtgraven_a or_o simple_a count_n 2._o count_n palatine_a which_o as_o will_v be_v show_v anon_o be_v subdivide_v into_o several_a other_o branch_n 3._o count_n of_o the_o empire_n 4._o marck-grave_n or_o count_n of_o the_o frontier_n 5._o landtgrave_n or_o count_n of_o province_n 6._o burggrave_n or_o count_n of_o city_n and_o great_a to_n there_o be_v ancient_o a_o seven_o sort_n here-graven_a who_o answer_v exact_o to_o the_o primitive_a duke_n or_o hertzogen_a for_o as_o the_o office_n of_o these_o be_v to_o conduct_v and_o govern_v the_o soldier_n so_o the_o other_o be_v to_o determine_v all_o controversy_n as_o field-judge_n the_o gefurstete_n graven_n do_v not_o make_v a_o distinct_a species_n be_v nothing_o else_o then_o such_o count_n as_o beside_o their_o ordinary_a title_n may_v challenge_v that_o of_o first_fw-ge or_o prince_n in_o the_o old_a law_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o empire_n we_o meet_v with_o almost_o a_o innumerable_a company_n of_o inferior_a officer_n who_o have_v the_o title_n of_o graven_n bestow_v on_o they_o such_o be_v 1._o centgrave_a he_o that_o have_v the_o government_n of_o a_o hundred_o we_o may_v english_a the_o word_n high-constable_n 2._o holtz-grave_a or_o wald-grave_a overseer_n of_o the_o wood_n and_o forest_n 3._o gograf_n of_o which_o before_o 4._o spiel-grave_a the_o master_n of_o the_o revel_n 5._o hans-grave_a a_o title_n former_o give_v to_o the_o chief_a judge_n in_o all_o matter_n relate_v to_o trade_n debate_v in_o the_o diet_n at_o ratisbon_n but_o we_o shall_v not_o weary_v the_o reader_n with_o insist_v upon_o these_o obsolete_a title_n of_o honour_n content_v ourselves_o with_o a_o short_a account_n of_o the_o six_o first_o kind_n which_o be_v all_o our_o famous_a antiquary_n beforemention_v have_v think_v worthy_a his_o take_a notice_n of_o the_o first_o be_v such_o as_o be_v style_v bare_o count_n schlechtgraven_v schlechtgraven_v without_o the_o addition_n of_o any_o more_o than_o the_o place_n which_o give_v they_o that_o title_n as_o der_n graf_n von_fw-mi eissenburg_n der_n graf_n von_fw-mi ortenberg_n etc._n etc._n there_o be_v former_o only_a four_o of_o this_o kind_n in_o the_o whole_a empire_n who_o be_v ordinary_o call_v die_n vier_fw-mi graven_n dess_n heiligen_n romischen_n reichs_n i._n e._n the_o four_o grave_n or_o count_n of_o the_o holy_a roman_a empire_n these_o be_v the_o count_n of_o cleve_n schwartzenburg_n ciley_n and_o savoy_n but_o since_o the_o count_n of_o cleve_n and_o savoy_n be_v advance_v to_o duke_n and_o the_o family_n of_o the_o ancient_a count_n of_o ciley_n be_v extinct_a which_o happen_v about_o two_o hundred_o year_n ago_o the_o count_n of_o schwartzenburg_n in_o thuringen_n be_v the_o only_a prince_n that_o bear_v that_o title_n still_v himself_o usual_o to_o this_o day_n der_fw-mi vier_fw-mi graven_n dess_n reichs_n grave_a zu_fw-ge schwartzenburg_n i._n e._n of_o the_o four_o count_n of_o the_o empire_n count_n of_o schwartzenburg_n beside_o he_o there_o be_v nowadays_o several_a other_o german_a count_n who_o may_v just_o be_v refer_v to_o this_o head_n though_o they_o have_v no_o investiture_n into_o any_o graffschaft_n or_o county_n but_o be_v only_o style_v count_n of_o some_o small_a castle_n or_o inconsiderable_a territory_n of_o which_o they_o be_v lord_n such_o be_v the_o count_n of_o ottingen_n and_o zollern_n who_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v of_o the_o posterity_n of_o some_o of_o the_o ancient_a count_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o thence_o retain_v the_o title_n though_o not_o the_o grandeur_n and_o power_n of_o their_o ancestor_n count_n palatine_n call_v by_o the_o german_n pfaltzgraven_a palatine_a count_n palatine_a or_o dess_n heiligen_n romischen_n reichs_n hoffe-graven_a be_v such_o as_o have_v in_o their_o title_n a_o certain_a eminence_n of_o their_o dignity_n from_o a_o relation_n as_o their_o name_n denote_v to_o the_o emperor_n court_n or_o palace_n for_o palatinus_n be_v but_o the_o possessive_a of_o palatium_n and_o signify_v no_o more_o than_o a_o officer_n of_o the_o household_n with_o we_o in_o england_n but_o this_o title_n be_v twofold_a 1._o original_o feudal_n and_o annex_v to_o the_o name_n of_o some_o territory_n or_o grafschaft_n with_o such_o jura_fw-la imperii_fw-la &_o majestatis_fw-la as_o other_o ordinary_a prince_n of_o the_o empire_n have_v not_o as_o we_o see_v in_o the_o title_n of_o the_o count_n palatine_a of_o the_o rhine_n 2._o mere_o personal_a without_o the_o addition_n of_o any_o particular_a territory_n proper_a to_o he_o that_o have_v the_o dignity_n both_o the_o title_n and_o nature_n of_o this_o late_a kind_n be_v original_o to_o be_v fetch_v from_o the_o example_n of_o the_o old_a roman_a empire_n but_o the_o former_a though_o the_o nature_n of_o it_o may_v be_v find_v in_o the_o ancient_a constitution_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n under_o the_o name_n of_o praefectus_fw-la praetorio_fw-la yet_o be_v in_o ordinary_a use_n as_o to_o the_o name_n and_o title_n only_o in_o the_o francic_a kingdom_n for_o there_o be_v in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o francic_a king_n long_o before_o their_o kingdom_n be_v change_v into_o a_o empire_n a_o chief_a officer_n know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o comes_fw-la palatii_fw-la or_o count_n palatine_n who_o have_v a_o viceregency_n under_o the_o king_n in_o like_a sort_n as_o the_o praefecti_fw-la praetorio_fw-la in_o the_o elder_a empire_n or_o the_o old_a chief_a justice_n of_o england_n under_o our_o ancient_a king_n that_o be_v he_o have_v the_o exercise_n of_o supreme_a jurisdiction_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o king_n in_o all_o cause_n that_o come_v to_o the_o king_n immediate_a audience_n i_o suppose_v the_o office_n of_o hofmeister_n use_v to_o this_o day_n in_o every_o german_a prince_n court_n be_v a_o relic_n of_o this_o palatinate_n and_o that_o come_v palatii_fw-la might_n easy_o signify_v the_o same_o thing_n with_o praefectus_fw-la praetorio_fw-la or_o hofmeister_n will_v not_o be_v difficult_a for_o any_o man_n to_o imagine_v that_o shall_v consider_v the_o signification_n which_o the_o word_n come_v have_v among_o the_o ancient_a roman_n in_o the_o usual_a compellation_n of_o
comites_fw-la and_o amici_n use_v by_o their_o emperor_n to_o the_o great_a officer_n in_o the_o court_n and_o state_n whence_o afterward_o in_o the_o eastern_a empire_n we_o meet_v with_o comites_fw-la sacrarum_fw-la largitionum_fw-la comites_fw-la metallorum_fw-la comites_fw-la rerum_fw-la privatarum_fw-la comites_fw-la patrimonii_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o all_o which_o expression_n come_v manifest_o signify_v the_o same_o thing_n as_o praefectus_fw-la or_o magister_fw-la the_o reason_n why_o the_o name_n of_o palatine_a which_o as_o we_o have_v say_v denote_v only_o such_o as_o be_v member_n of_o the_o king_n be_v or_o emperor_n household_n shall_v afterward_o be_v join_v with_o a_o province_n remote_a from_o the_o court_n seem_v plain_a enough_o for_o whereas_o other_o ordinary_a count_n have_v only_o a_o power_n subordinate_a to_o that_o of_o the_o count_n palatine_n who_o exercise_v supreme_a jurisdiction_n in_o the_o emperor_n name_n these_o have_v all_o the_o royalty_n and_o jura_n imperii_fw-la in_o their_o respective_a province_n which_o the_o count_v palatine_n enjoy_v at_o court_n and_o the_o like_a form_n of_o speak_v we_o meet_v with_o among_o the_o old_a roman_n in_o the_o officiary_a dignity_n of_o praefectus_fw-la praetorio_fw-la orientis_fw-la praefectus_fw-la praetorio_fw-la illyrici_fw-la praefectus_fw-la praetorio_fw-la italiae_fw-la and_o praefectus_fw-la praetorio_fw-la galliarum_n where_o we_o see_v the_o title_n of_o the_o household_n or_o emperor_n palace_n transfer_v to_o these_o several_a province_n to_o denote_v that_o they_o who_o bear_v those_o office_n be_v as_o so_o many_o vice-roys_n in_o their_o peculiar_a territory_n shall_v enjoy_v like_o power_n jurisdiction_n and_o dignity_n in_o their_o respective_a dominion_n as_o if_o by_o the_o name_n of_o praefecti_fw-la praetorio_fw-la they_o have_v always_o live_v with_o the_o emperor_n in_o his_o court_n the_o additional_a title_n of_o palatine_n have_v be_v confer_v upon_o the_o count_n of_o habspurg_n tube_v witelenspach_n schiern_n ortenberg_n and_o several_a other_o prince_n of_o the_o empire_n in_o some_o old_a list_n of_o the_o german_a prince_n we_o find_v mention_v make_v of_o four_o ertz-pfaltz-graven_a or_o archi-palatini_a viz._n rheni_n saxoniae_n francia_fw-la or_o franconiae_fw-la &_o hungariae_n but_o at_o this_o day_n the_o count_n palatine_a of_o the_o rhine_n be_v so_o singular_o eminent_a prince_n by_o this_o title_n that_o common_o no_v other_o place_n be_v understand_v by_o the_o general_a name_n of_o the_o palatinate_n but_o only_o their_o territory_n however_o saxony_n be_v still_o a_o pfaltzgraffschaft_n or_o palatinate_n and_o the_o duke_n thereof_o have_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o a_o count_n palatine_n though_o he_o be_v not_o so_o style_v because_o the_o title_n of_o duke_n be_v rare_o join_v with_o palatinus_n of_o the_o authority_n and_o power_n of_o the_o count_n palatine_a of_o the_o rhine_n we_o shall_v speak_v more_o at_o large_a hereafter_o when_o we_o come_v to_o a_o particular_a description_n of_o their_o territory_n what_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o count_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v emâ—_n â—â—nts_n of_o 〈◊〉_d emâ—_n may_v be_v learn_v from_o the_o patent_n grant_v by_o the_o emperor_n rudolph_n ii_o to_o thomas_n arundel_n of_o wardour_n in_o wiltshire_n afterward_o make_v lord_n arundel_n of_o wardour_n by_o king_n james_n for_o the_o create_v of_o he_o a_o count_n of_o the_o empire_n which_o title_n his_o heir_n have_v keep_v to_o this_o day_n that_o the_o title_n be_v hereditary_a appear_v from_o this_o passage_n in_o the_o patent_n te_fw-la supradictum_fw-la thomam_fw-la arundelium_fw-la qui_fw-la jam_fw-la ante_fw-la comitum_fw-la consanguinitatem_fw-la a_o majoribus_fw-la acceptam_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it obtines_fw-la omnesque_fw-la &_o singulos_fw-la liberos_fw-la haeredes_fw-la posteros_fw-la &_o descendentes_fw-la tuos_fw-la legitimos_fw-la utriusque_fw-la sexus_fw-la natos_fw-la aeternaque_fw-la serie_fw-la nascituros_fw-la etiam_fw-la veros_fw-la sacros_fw-la romani_fw-la imperii_fw-la comites_fw-la &_o comitissas_fw-la creavimus_fw-la fecimus_fw-la &_o nominavimus_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o learned_a mr._n cambden_n in_o his_o history_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n speak_v of_o this_o patent_n tell_v we_o that_o whoever_o have_v the_o title_n of_o count_n of_o the_o empire_n confer_v on_o he_o have_v withal_o a_o seat_n assign_v he_o and_o may_v give_v his_o voice_n in_o the_o imperial_a diet_n he_o may_v purchase_v a_o estate_n in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o emperor_n dominion_n may_v listen_v volunteer_n and_o can_v be_v sue_v in_o any_o court_n of_o judicature_n save_v only_o the_o imperial_a chamber_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a patent_n the_o title_n of_o count_n of_o the_o sacred_a empire_n be_v at_o present_a enjoy_v by_o the_o right_n honourable_a henry_n lord_n arundel_n of_o warder_n those_o of_o the_o nobility_n who_o the_o ancient_a francic_a king_n make_v governor_n of_o such_o province_n as_o be_v of_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o empire_n mark-graven_a mark-graven_a be_v style_v mark-graven_a from_o the_o old_a word_n marken_n which_o signify_v the_o outmost_a mark_n or_o limit_n of_o the_o empire_n in_o the_o same_o sense_n as_o we_o use_v the_o word_n marsh_n speak_v of_o the_o bound_n betwixt_o england_n and_o scotland_n or_o wales_n from_o the_o high_a dutch_a mark-grave_a the_o latin_n borrow_a their_o marchio_n and_o marggravius_n the_o italian_n marchese_n and_o the_o late_a greek_n their_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d instead_o of_o our_o french_a marquis_n and_o marchioness_n some_o etymologist_n have_v endeavour_v to_o bring_v the_o title_n of_o mark-grave_a from_o the_o old_a francic_a word_n mare_fw-la sometime_o write_v march_n signify_v a_o horse_n and_o these_o fancy_n there_o be_v no_o great_a difference_n former_o between_o the_o title_n and_o office_n of_o marschal_n and_o mark-grave_a or_o mar-grave_a as_o they_o write_v it_o in_o the_o feud_n we_o read_v qui_fw-fr de_fw-fr marchia_n investitur_fw-la marchio_n dicitur_fw-la dicitur_fw-la autem_fw-la marchia_n quia_fw-la marcha_n &_o ut_fw-la plurimum_fw-la juxta_fw-la mare_fw-la sit_fw-la posita_fw-la where_o what_o be_v say_v of_o the_o derivation_n of_o the_o word_n marchio_n from_o marcha_n be_v true_a but_o if_o by_o ut_fw-la plurimum_fw-la juxta_fw-la mare_fw-la the_o author_n mean_v that_o the_o word_n mare_n bear_v a_o part_n in_o the_o original_n of_o mark-grave_a or_o marquis_n he_o be_v manifest_o mistake_v for_o although_o the_o marca_n anconitana_n and_o trevigiana_n in_o italy_n as_o also_o the_o marquisate_n of_o the_o holy_a empire_n in_o brabant_n and_o the_o marca_n normanica_fw-la and_o britannica_fw-la in_o france_n be_v adjoin_v to_o the_o sea_n yet_o the_o marquisates_n of_o misnia_n lusatia_n brandenburg_n moravia_n austria_n mountferrat_n and_o susa_n in_o savoy_n be_v inland_o country_n but_o have_v the_o name_n of_o margrafchaften_o fix_v on_o they_o because_o they_o be_v such_o province_n as_o be_v the_o limit_n or_o frontier_n of_o the_o german_a kingdom_n when_o marquis_n as_o well_o as_o duke_n and_o count_n begin_v to_o multiply_v in_o the_o german_a empire_n there_o be_v four_o of_o they_o who_o have_v the_o title_n of_o die_fw-fr vier_fw-mi hohen_o mark-graffen_a i._n e._n the_o four_o high_a or_o chief_z marquis_n these_o be_v they_o of_o brandenburg_n merhern_n or_o moravia_n meisen_n and_o baden_n who_o territory_n be_v thence_o call_v die_v vier_fw-mi hohen_o markgrafchaften_o i._n e._n the_o four_o chief_a marquisates_n in_o the_o title_n of_o landtgrave_n and_o burggrave_n the_o termination_n grave_n signify_v the_o same_o thing_n as_o in_o markgrave_n landtgraven_v landtgraven_v landt_n in_o the_o german_a tongue_n signify_v no_o more_o than_o a_o province_n or_o territory_n so_o that_o the_o word_n landtgrave_n if_o literal_o translate_v must_v be_v render_v comes_fw-la provincialis_fw-la a_o count_n that_o have_v supreme_a government_n in_o some_o particular_a province_n landtherr_n be_v ancient_o a_o title_n of_o the_o same_o signification_n and_o confer_v upon_o the_o lord_n of_o verona_n who_o be_v of_o the_o family_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr scala_n or_o the_o scaliger_n of_o mirandula_n milan_n and_o milan_n who_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o prince_n equal_a in_o power_n and_o dignity_n to_o as_o many_o count_n palatine_n the_o german_n usual_o reckon_v up_o four_o landtgrave_n as_o well_o as_o four_o duke_n four_o count_n four_o marquis_n and_o four_o of_o most_o other_o dignity_n as_o most_o eminent_a in_o the_o empire_n these_o be_v the_o landtgrave_v of_o thuringen_n hessen_n alsace_n and_o luchtenburg_n of_o which_o the_o landtgrave_n of_o hessen_n be_v at_o this_o day_n a_o prince_n of_o the_o great_a note_n the_o most_o ancient_a creation_n of_o a_o landtgrave_n which_o we_o meet_v with_o in_o history_n be_v that_o of_o ludowic_n iii_o count_n of_o thuringen_n who_o by_o the_o emperor_n lotharius_n his_o father-in-law_n have_v his_o title_n alter_v into_o landtgrave_n of_o the_o same_o place_n in_o the_o year_n 1126._o sometime_o we_o meet_v with_o the_o word_n landtgrave_n make_v use_v of_o to_o signify_v