term of 30 days was restrained to 20 so that the Morisques were hastened to depart and the Vessels of what Country soever were stayed in all parts of Spain to transport them whither they would go Many passed into Barbary but this year above 150000 of them came into France the King sending Commissaries to see them well used and orderly transported away There was a War in Barbary betwixt Muley Nequy King of Fez and Sidon his younger Brother this forcing the Elder to flee and craved ayd of Philip King of Spain who treated with the Mahometan promising him Succours with 100000 Duckats to return to Alarache or Arache a strong Town in the Realm of Fez seated on the Ocean at the mouth of the River Lucus that held for him to draw unto him as many Souldiers as he could and for the safety of those Succours to put Arache into Philip's hands in which the Kings of Fez do usually keep 300 Light-horse and 300 Harquebusiers in Garrison because the Portugals and Castilians hold almost all the sea-Towns of the Provinces of Habat and Eriff Arache being in that of Algar Xequy returned to Arache with his mony in a Ship of the Kings to whom shortly many repaired The Spaniard the while preparing a great Fleet embarqued 10000 Souldiers under the Marquess of St. Germain who Novemb. 20 arrived at the Port of Arache next morning the Marquess calling a Councill imparted his design to force Arache if Xequy kept not his promise the Captains assuring him of their valiant behaviour but the King of Fez having no means to go from his word many of his people fearing to fall under the power of Spain would have abandoned him but the Captain of the Castle being his he thrust out the Garrison and delivered the Keyes himself to the Marquess Whereupon all the Inhabitants ran to Arms and after 3 hours valiant Combat many of them being slain were forced to yield to the Marquess who presently set the Cross and Arms of Castile upon all the Towers and Steeples This news much pleased the King of Spain the people making Bonfires for joy News came to Constantinople that the great Cham of Tartary his Son comming to enjoy his Fathers Estate his Uncle practised to seize upon the Crown but each of them joyning Battel with an Army of 60000 men after 40000 slain upon the place the Son had the Victory and so obtained the Crown Some years before one Willowby an English man rigging out a ship for War in the Levant came into Algier to sell his prize where one Cattania was Bassa who commanded this ship to be seized and rifled pretending she had burnt a Caramousall of his which indeed he had caused to be fired under the colour to seize upon thē ship and goods Willowby complained at Constantinople to 〈◊〉 an English Embassadour but could get no satisfaction Wherefore he came into England obtaining Letters from the King to the Sultan and Sir 〈◊〉 Glover then residing Embassadour who went to the Chimacham the Grand Visiers Lievtenant he being then employed against the Persian who would not suffer these Letters to be delivered to the Sultan promising justice upon Catania whom he discharging of his place sent for him to Constantinople where he denied the Fact Hereupon Willowby suborned one Ofis's Bassa who having been at Mecha was held a very holy Turk who set his Brother to procure false witnesses on promise of the Tenth of what was recovered these being 〈◊〉 to swear Catania compounded with Willowby for 4 or 5000 Dollars Thus the holiest of the Turks for mony will not stick to swear falsely In 1611. Constantinople was so afflicted with the Plague that it crept into the Seraglio one of the Grand Seigniors Sons dying thereof Wherefore he passed the rest of the Summer in a Seraglio about a League and half from the City The contagion so raged for 5 months that 200000 persons died in that time which great mortality is most to be imputed to the wilfull negligence of the Turks who neither turned away from a dead body going to buriall nor forbare visiting their infected Frends for say they as soon as a man comes into the world God writes in his forehead all his good and evil haps and of what death he shall die which no humane power can avoid so that when any one is dead another wears his cloathes Wherefore Constantinople and Caire are seldom free and when the Ayr is disposed to infection they number not the dead but by 100 thousands Before this Plague the Baron of Salignac French Embassadour dying at Constantinople that King sent the Baron of Mole to supply his place who having visited the Mufti the Grand Visier the Destorda or high Treasurer the Bostangi Bassa or chief Gardiner and other great Ones was admitted to Audience and to kisse the Sultans Hand being returned to Constantinople about the end of October The Embassadour and his Followers parted from his Lodging at Pera in Turkish Robes for the Majesty of the great Turk is such that Forraign Embassadours approaching him they and their Train must be attired after the Turkish manner and passing the Channell he was honourably conducted to the 〈◊〉 and as honourably received at the Pallace-Royal Where the grand Visier attended him at Dinner in the Hall his Train dined in a low Gallery a great Tapistry being laid on the ground without Cloth or Napkins and some Dishes of water-gruell with Sugar and pottage with pullets being thin-set their drink being Cerbet made of the juyce of Limons Water and Sugar Then passing into another Gallery the Embassadour and sixteen of his Company had each of them a Robe of Tinsell which they putting on were conducted to the Imperiall Chamber at the entry whereof two of the 6 Capigi led the Embassadours by the armes to kisse the Sultans Hand or rather his Robe having first saluted him from his King and then was led on the the oneside going backward the French Gentlemen kissing his Robe likewise but they could hardly see his face it being turned towards a Window grated before which 30 Capigi the while passed with the Embassador's presents Then he made a short Speech presenting to the Sultan the chief Letter of his Embassage in the Turkish Tongue But in Transilvania Gabriel Bator who governed it since the Cession of Ragotzi had put himself into Turkish protection against King Matthias pretending a Title through the grant of Sigismund to the Emperor as King of Hungary and had recovered Hermstad and chased Radville out of Valachia where setling a new Vayuod and placing Haiducks in Garrison he returned toward Transilvania to oppose Forgatsie Matthias Lievtenant who passed the River Tibisce with Troops Radville had retired into Moldavia to Constantine informing him that Bator intended to seize on his Country and make but one Monarchy of the 3 Provinces Whereupon they joyning Forces in the end of June entred Valachia expelling Bator's Lievt with all the Garrison then entering
overthrown in 1616 he enjoyed it not long but whether through a natural death or disgrace with the Sultan I read not yet after him was there another Vayuod of Moldavia Gasparo Gratsiani and this year in disgrace with the grand Seignior He was born at Gretz a Town of great strength belonging to the Arch-Dukes of Austria but being of small fortune and regard in his own Country he went to Constantinople serving Sir Tho Glover before he was English Embassadour under whom he learned to Read and Write the Turkish tongue Then he came with him into England and by his recommendation was imployed to Constantinople for redeeming young Sir Tho Sherley a Prisoner among the Turks with whom he coming to Venice and hearing Sir Tho Glover was sent Embassadour to the Sultan he went to Constantinople to his old Master where he yearly carryed Christians into Italy returning Turks for them and arriving with a Shipfull of Turks about the end of Achmat's Reign he acquainted the Visier with his good service who asking him of his Countrey and breeding asked also if he would undertake to go to the Emperour to reconcile all difficulties touching the Peace which should be for his advancement but before his return Achmat was dead yet he pressed the Bassa to be made Vayuod of Moldavia which he effected rather for his Presents than his Merits but growing into some disgrace the Sultan choosing another charged certain Capigies that taking 400 Turks upon the Frontiers of Moldavia to go and strangle Gasparo whose Spies advertising him hereof he with some Troops met them on the way and cut them all in pieces then returning to Yas he slew one thousand Turks after which fleeing into Poland with two thousand Horse they write he thence made divers incursions into Moldavia and aided by the Cossacks much spoiled the Turks keeping possession thereof though the Turk had made another Vayuod For which support and former quarrels Osman seeming much incensed against the Polonians made it his colour for levying an Army as is said of 300000 men having drawn all his Forces out of Asia The Turk sending 60 Galleys to Sea they came into the Mediterranean and coasting Sicilie they sent 20 Galleys who surprized the Town Manfredonia in Naples and spoiling it carried away 14 or 1500 Captives and so retired to Sea The other Galleys laying about Vellona in the Gulf the Spaniard suspected the Venetian knew of this enterprise After which was newes that the Vessels of Algiers took Juisa an Isle four miles about nigh 〈◊〉 of great importance its Haven being able to contain much shipping to guard which the King of Spain had a great Garrison which much annoyed those of Algiers yet was it not then certain whether the Castle as was the Town were taken Osman imputing his losse in Poland to the sedition of the Pretorians resolved to cashier them and transport his Throne out of Constantinople and establish it in Damascus in Syria But his design being discovered his Souldiers rebelled and having brought Mustapha his Uncle out of prison they disrobe Osman and strangle him with a Bow-string the 20th of May one thousand six hundred twenty two And so Mustapha was again declared Emperour but the year following he was again shut up in prison The Life of Amurath the fourth Eleventh Emperour of the Turks Osman's Brother was chosen in his Place Who in 1632 concluded a Truce with the young Persian and brings back his torn Armies at which time his American Navy was cast away being 10 Ships whereby he lost 1500 Sea-men of Warr. In 1634 he hanged a Venetian Merchant who had as it were defiled his Concubins Palace with a Prospective Glasse as also the Muphti that is the High-Priest which is strange he being accounted his Corrivall and equal with him in honour The Turk had a Battle with the Persians in 1635 whereby Rava was surrendred to him In that Battle were slain 90000 Turks and 20000 Persians yet the Turk being more numerous remained Victor He burn'd 4 Villages belonging to Buda killed 50 poor men and carryed away 70 into slavery though but in August before he had almost destroyed Buda by Fire In 1639 the Turks in Asia conquered Babylon where the Persians lost 40000 men but their own losse is unknown But in the mean time the Sultan appoints a Navy to go against the Cossacks which ran toward Breger in Hungary devouring the prey yet the Plague in Aleppo makes his Imperial Majesty depart for fear The Life of Ibraim Twelth Emperour of the Turks first of that Name AMurath who had the repute of a good Souldier but a great Tyrant dying in the year 1640 the 33d year of his Age his Brother Ibraim in the 27th year of his Age succeded him who continued his endeavour for Peace with Persia but calling the Tartars into his fellowship threatned War with Poland his Pyrates likewise took a Spanish Ship valued to be worth 300000 Florens In 1644 the great Vizier presents himself armed before the Sultan and reproveth evil-affected Persons whom being received by the Emperour's Mother an invective Woman he represseth by laying to her charge the unruly desire of Women to bear Command of which it appears she was guilty for which he was assaulted with a Dagger and striving to slip away was slain Usur Piall the High Admiral at Sea who was this year scattered by the Ships and People of Malta who had taken a Ship having in it many Concubins of noble Pedigree and esteemed at 4000000 l. was after endeavour to escape choaked by the Command of thegreat Turk who in 1645 gave Peace to Ragotzi of Transylvania through the earnestness of Techerine his Embassadour Now also the Sultan goes to Arms by Sea and Land as threatning the European world wherewith he besiegeth and taketh Canea And deals injuriously with the French and Venetian Embassadours at Constantinople In 1646 the Emperour straggled with the Venetians John Capello being his General in the room of Francis Erizzo who dyed this year and Francis Molino chief Capt. of the Duke's Navy the first above 70 years of Age the second one under The Turk's Weapons made Dalmatia tremble for Novigrade is yielded to him and Zare overcome yet the Venetian recovered them again freeing another place from siege and slaying the Bassa of Bosna The Turk vanquisheth Schissavian Castle but is overcome at Dardanelles and by Sea losing 3 Oar-Gallies yet had the upper hand at Canea through the error of the Commander Valettane Capello craving excuse for his Age had John 〈◊〉 of Grimana his successor in General-ship After which the Venetians joyn a doubtful Battle with the Turks at Retime a Town that yielded it self unto their violence At that time also the Jewes were taken in the very act of passing over or conveighing Weapons to the Turks In 1647 and 1648 The Venetians afflict the Turks by Sea and Land For the Christian Navy under the Knights of Malta possess some places in their Enemy's
fleet at Ascalon for Jerusalem's relief sunk their Ships and marched to the Camp among whom were divers Engineers by whom a great moving Tower was made covered with raw hides to save it from fire which by night being brought to the wall they the next day the winde driving the Turks fire who thought to burn it into their own faces gained the top of the wall which being first footed by Godfrey and his Brother they pressed in like a violent River killing men women and children with a lamentable sight The better sort of Turks retiring into the Temple fought terribly many on both sides falling but the Christians fiercely breaking in the foremost were miserably slain the Turks also 〈◊〉 fighting in the midst of the Temple there were slain heapes both of victors and vanquished the pavement swimming with blood Then the Turks held the top of the Temple And the next day upon Proclamation of mercy to such as laid down weapons they yielded themselves Thus Jerusalem was recovered in 1099 having been in the Infidels hands above 400 years Eight daies after cleansing the City and giving thanks to God and the poor Christians welcomming with joy their victorious Brethren the Princes consulting of their King chose Robert Duke of Normandy who refusing Jerusalem upon news of his Fathers death in England William Rufus being in possession as it were lost both Kingdomes Godfrey of Bulloine a great Souldier being saluted King who said He would not wear a Crown of Gold where Christ wore a Crown of thorns but briefly certified these proceedings to Bohemud shewing Jerusalem's strength and situation and how he first gained part of the wall Baldwin opening the gates for entry of their great conflict in Solomon's Temple and that since he was saluted King of Jerusalem though against his will he would endeavour well to deserve of the universal faith And then joyned a most dreadful battle with the greatest multitude of Turks and Saracens all as one assembled at Ascalon for revenge killing a 100000 of them taking more spoile than in this whole expedition After this Victory some Princes returned to their Charges others with honour to their own Country But shortly after a great Pestilence ensuing Godfrey among the rest died July 18. 1100. Scarce reigning a full year generally lamented and honourably buried on mount Calvary in the Temple of Christ's Sepulchre In whose Room Baldwin of Edessa his brother was Crowned King in 1101. Who aided by Sea and Land took the Sea-City Cesarea-Stratonis overthrowing certain Companies at 〈◊〉 gladly and safely conducting to Jerusalem new westerne aides by Tyre and three other Cities holden by the enemies at which time the Christians were notably overthrown about Rama by the Turks aided by the Arabians and Aegyptians two Stephens Earles of Charters and Burgundy being slain the King hardly escaping who repairing his Army at Joppa speedily so overthrew his secure enemies that they had little cause to rejoyce in their Victory Tancred Prince of Galilee in the mean time taking the City Apamea and with much toyl Laodicea But Baldwin 〈◊〉 Governour of Edessa was at the siege of Carras thatwas upon yielding overthrown by the Persian Sultan Benedict a Bishop and 〈◊〉 his kinsman being taken with him who to the offence of the 2 Sultans after 5 years redeemed themselves from the Turk that took them King Baldwin who after this lived unmolested for a season suddenly raised a full strength and besieged Ptolemais or Acon in Phoenicia and was glad to raise his siege being after a long time brought to his end by a healed-up wound received in a skirmish at his return yet the next year Ptolemais by the encouragement of the Genua fleet was yielded to him on composition after 20 daies Tancred Livetenant Governour of Antioch soon after put to flight the invading Governour of Aleppo and others and the Caliph of Egypt was discomfited by the Christians at land and by tempest at Sea comming against Jerusalem Bohemud returning out of Italy with 40000 foot and 5000 horse as is reported toward Jerusalem spoiled in revenge of Alexius his injuries the Country about Dyrrhachium forcing the Emperour to promise by oath security and kindnesse to all travelling Souldiers and dying shortly at Antioch in 1108. Whose Principality his child Bohemud enjoyed under Tancreds 〈◊〉 Baldwin the King Apr. 23. 1111. wonn the City Berytus 〈◊〉 most to the sword and the same year Decemb. 19. Sidon was yielded to him through the assistance of a Norway fleet Tyre only of all the famous Sea-Cities from Laodicea to Ascalon remaining to the enemies the which Baldwin hardly besieged 4 months in vain Two years after Baldwin and Tancred who Bohemud dying Reigned in Antioch with the rest joyned a cruel battle with the Persian Sultans mighty Army under Mendus their General encamping on the Sea near Tyberias after some companies were by some flying skirmishers entrapped in ambush and rescued by other Christians who were by the Turks far exceeding in number put to flight and hardly followed with great slaughter The Ascalon Turks the mean while besieging Jerusalem weakly manned but news of the Kings coming and of Supplies out of the west made them having burnt store-houses of Corn and spoyled other things to retire home This King after many hard conflicts with Turks and Saracens won Pharamia a strong Sea City in Aegypt taking abundance of fish at the mouth of Nilus wherewith he feasted in the City And after dinner grieved with his old wound died near Laris in his return in 1118 Reigning 18 years and royally Sepulchred near his brother Godfrey Baldwin Brugensis of Edessa his Cousin was chosen and Crowned King of Jerusalem Apr. 2. 1118. a man of great courage tall stature and comely countenance Against whom the Caliph of Aegypt with the King of Aleppo raised a great power the same summer Baldwin also encamping in fight of his enemies both armies for fear of each other after 3 months facing retired without any notable action Alexius the Emperour died this year whose Son Calo Johannes his successour all his Reign worthily defended his territories in lesser Asia But Roger Prince of Antioch with more courage than discretion going forth against a great Army not far from Aleppo was slain with most of his Army the place being called the field of bloud Baldwin Aug. 14 1120 overthrowing the carelesse Turks with a great slaughter joyning Antioch principality to his own which Antiochians Baldwin their protecting Prince being far off were more subject to enemies inroads than before the King of Damasco entring with great power and doing harm thereabouts in 1122 who understanding Baldwins approach with a puissant Army retired out of the Countrey the King taking Garaze a new built strong Castle of the King of Damasco's which he raced to the ground Whilst this King wisely sent Embassadours to divers Christian Princes especially to the Uenetians for relief by Sea Balac the Persian Sultan with a great Army invaded about him
to Guy and affection to Tripolis lying fast by and never so before not moving suffering the enemy to spoil and depart in safety who within a month in hope of a safer passage between Damasco and Aegypt sat down before Petra beyond Jordan with a great Army Baldwin sent the Count of Tripolis by him restored and Guy displaced against him Saladine hearing of it raised his siege The King a little before growing sicker appointed by the Nobles consent Baldwin Sybills Son a posthume of William Marquess of 〈◊〉 her first husband 5 years old to succeed him Raymund of Tripolis during his minority to govern the State Guy hereupon departed from Court to Ascalon discontented the Patriarch and Princes fearing great danger requested the King to receive 〈◊〉 into favour and to reconcile him with Raymund by his Parliament at Acon but it was dissolved and nothing in that point concluded Jerusalems Kingdom through the old King's sickness the young ones unfitness and the dissention between Guy and Raymund began to decline Raymund fearing Guy was thought to have intelligence with Saladine the King almost purposing to proclaim him Traytot But by the Counsel of Tyre's Archbishop and others he sent Heraclius Patriarch of Jerusalem and two more Masters of the Knights and Templers to the Pope the Emperour of Germany the French and English Kings to crave aid against the Infidels These Embassadours before the Pope and Emperour declaring the Eastern Christians hard estate moved all the Princes at the Councel of Verona to compassion Thence passing into France England and Germany great preparation was made for relief the returning Embassadours filling the sick King with great hopes But quarrels shortly arising between Pope and Emperour sharp war between the French and English Kings and others the expedition was dashed Whereat Baldwin oppressed with grief 〈◊〉 without issue May 16. 1185 25 years old whose body was also buried with a general mourning in the Temple by Mount Calvary not inferiour to his Predecessors Baldwin 5th a boy was Crowned Raymund contending for the government and Kings tuition by the late Kings 〈◊〉 having it almost confirmed by 〈◊〉 But Sybill so animated Guy not to give place that by his favourites and the Marquess of 〈◊〉 then in 〈◊〉 with great power he had from the Nobles what he desired Seven months after the young King was buried poysoned by his Mother as was said whose death she concealed till it was wrought that the King was 〈◊〉 and Guy the same day Crowned Let him have his place as the 8th King of Jerusalem though some reckon him not among the Kings Raymund out of all hope did what he could to crosse the King Saladine promising him help at need which the Count desirously embraced Discord reigning the Kingdom drew to a period which Saladine perceiving invited Turks Saracens and Egyptians to take up Arms assuring them of great prey and honour of conquest which Mahometans flocked to Ptolemais 50000 horse besides infinit foot there meeting the Count conducting some thorow Tiberias Nazareth and Galilee They besieging this City Ptolemais Saladine terribly assaulted it on May day 1187. In the heat whereof the 2 Masters of the Templars and Knights Hospitallers to whom it was given to defend sallying out assailed the Camp and turning on the assaillers made confusion and sudden danger turned his whole forces fighting a most bloudy battel the Count of Tripolis in a Turkish habit helping the Infidels unhorsed the Master of the Hospitallers who surcharged with Armour and oppressed with enemies died Saladine new succour still coming having lost 15000 fled with the rest a 〈◊〉 not without Christian blood most of the Hospitallers being 〈◊〉 Saladine now thought good to joyn pollicy to open force working by Raymund of Tripolis 〈◊〉 as utterly fallen out with the Turks he should seek for grace of Guy as his dread Soveraign Saladine to colour this besieged Tiberias a City of the 〈◊〉 who traiterously craving aid of the King encamped with an Army near the fountain of Sophor joyning a terrible battel with 120000 horsemen and 160000 footmen of Turks both Armies as by consent retiring through extream heat and nights approach The 〈◊〉 next day by the false Counts flight gained the victory Guy the King with divers of great note were taken the Christians whole strength was here broken Saladine with little resistance had Ptolemais 〈◊〉 and Berytus delivered him not forcing any Christian yielding their obedience and tribute but the Latins to depart And within a month taking except Tyre all Sea-port Towns betwixt 〈◊〉 and Ascalon he marched from Ascalons siege of 9 daies directly to Jerusalem perswading the Citizens timely to yield themselves and City to his mercy they refusing he for 14 daies left nothing 〈◊〉 for gaining thereof The Citizens considering their danger the Kingdoms strength 〈◊〉 no forreign aid to be expected agreed to yield on condition of staying with goods and liberty or departing with what they could carry on their backs 〈◊〉 delivered Octob. 2 1187 holden by the Christians 89 years Saladine prophaning the Temple with his superstition using the other as Stables that of the Sepulchre was for a great sum redeemed by the Christians The Latins he thrust out with what burdens they could bear who travelling to Tripolis Tyre and 〈◊〉 were by false Raymund of Tripolis and his followers lightened thereof Others as Syrians c. had places in the 〈◊〉 appointed to dwell in All Monuments were defaced except Christ's Sepulchre with Godfreys and his brother Baldwins Above 20000 Christians perished the Count of Tripolis shortly after found dead in his bed as some say circumcised Saladine returned to the siege of Ascalon which after 10 daies with a composition for safe departure was delivered for freeing Guy the King and Gerrard 〈◊〉 of the Templars Then he attempted 〈◊〉 but gave over the siege He most furiously assaulted Tyre which was full of men by Conrade of 〈◊〉 arriving with the Greek Emperour's Fleet and distressed Christians fleeing thither but was repulsed with great losse The Admiral of Sicily landing upon his back he charged behind and before left his Tents with all therein to the Christians for haste In few daies invading about Antioch he destroyed all with fire and sword that so strong a Cities Castle being by means of the Patriarch for gold betrayed to him whereby he soon was Master of the City about 90 years before hardly gained by the Christians 25 Cities with the Provinces belonging depended thereon The report of this losse soon filling Christendom with pittiful complaints of 〈◊〉 and perswasions of Pope Clement 3 moved the Christian Princes with many great Prelats all or most making great preparations for relief against the Turks and afterwards imploying them at divers times with danger of their persons the success shall hereafter be declared Of which Saladine not ignorent set Guy at liberty 〈◊〉 a year contrary to promise with an oath never by Arms to seek revenge or recovery of his
Kingdom hoping to stay the other Princes coming thereby which extorted oath the Pope dispensed withal Guy now came to Tyre but could not for their sworn obedience to Montferrat be received But departing he besieged Ptolemais with the power he had with whom the Venetian Fleet them of Pisa and 50 sail of Flemings joyned to win the City Saladine came with a great 〈◊〉 for relief there was fought a great battel and had not Geffrey the Kings brother come from the Camp with supplies the Christians who had at first the better had had a notable overthrow yet 2000 were slain Saladine sent for his strong rigged Fleet at Alexandria putting men and victuals into the City The encouraged Turks made often salleys whipping in despight the Image of Christ crucified on top of the Wall Saladine scoured the Seas with this Fleet that no supplies could come to the Camp So that some Christians through famine shortly arising fled to the Turks for bread Saladine making shew as not understanding thereof departed leaving his Camp full of victuals The Christians supposing he had gone for fear hastened to the forsaken Camp of whom Saladine returning made a great slaughter yet they with many a skirmish by Sea and Land continued the Winters siege expecting aid the next Spring Frederick the Emperour with other Princes the mean time set forward from 〈◊〉 arriving at length at Constantinople where Isaac Angelus Emperour honourably for fear and fashion entertaining him hastened his passage into Asia pretending the Christians need of aid who passing the strait and marching into Lycaonia overthrew the Turks in a great battel sent to stop him 〈◊〉 the Iconium Sultan which City he took by force giving the spoyl to his Souldiers in revenge of his Unkle Conrade Then he overthrew them in Cilicia taking Philomela racing the City to the ground and putting all to the sword because they slew his summoning Messengers He likewise took Melitene in lesser Armenia overthrowing a huge Army coming for relief with an exceeding slaughter Then he 〈◊〉 Saladin's Sons Army in Comagena But his horse foundring in the River Saleph at his too eager chase his foot hanging in the stirrop he was drawn thorow and taken for dead yet with much ado he uttered Lord receive my soul and gave up the ghost of whom Saladine was greatly afraid He perished June 10 1190. aged 70 years reigning 38 his body was pompously buried in Tyre's Cathedral Frederick his Son Duke of 〈◊〉 was chosen General whose 〈◊〉 Army the Turks fiercely charging in hopes to overthrow returned with some losse and like speed as they came But famine began to encrease the Turks having destroyed and carried away all yet Antioch being easily delivered him his Souldiers were well refreshed by the Christian Citizens 15 daies after the Plag ue began to rage there among his Souldiers and he glad to take the open field and setting forward against Do Dequin 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 sent for out of Egypt they joyned a great and doubtfull battel the Christians 〈◊〉 in valour they in number At length the Christians Vauntg uard began to retire their seconds hardly charged Frederick breaking in with a valiant Troop the Turks gave ground Leopold of Austria presently coming with his foot they speedily fled 4000 slain 1000 taken and 15 Ensigns small losse of the Christians After which he passed Laodicea easily taking Berytus with other revolted Cities So coming to Tyre buried his Father Thence certifying Guy at Ptolemais of his coming who sent Montferrat to transport him by Sea because of Saladin's great Army and being safely conducted with his Souldiers to the Camp at 〈◊〉 he was 〈◊〉 received After whose coming 't was thought good to affault the City round every Regiment being appointed what place to assaile which was done with such fury as if they purposed to gage their whole forces the Turks still beating them from the walls top But now Saladine hovering aloof came suddenly on the Christians Camp notably receiving the first charge but giving ground some Tents with Ensigns were taken and Pavilions fired having slain above 100. The Christians retired from the assault to relief of their Camp the Turk retired also having almost lost himself This 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 was Octob. 14. Divers Princes the mean while of the West came thither rather increasing famine than furthering service Then also Conrade of Montferrat who had married Isabel the Queens sister pretending a Title to the Kingdom much hindred proceedings But Duke Frederik dying shortly at the siege of the plague and buried at Tyre the Christians attempted no great matter but lay entrenched expecting aid from the Princes which were Philip 2. of France and Richard King of England on whom all the hope of affairs in Syria rested who met at Marselles in province with combined forces for relief The French King first departed for Sicilia with a prosperous gale but coming nigh the Island through a sudden tempest he with much ado arived at Messena tossed in the deep many ships perishing some broken on sands and rocks and all sore weather-beaten Richard arived after 〈◊〉 better fortune Both Kings resolved there to Winter the French being 〈◊〉 so to do for supplies from France King Richard and Tancred the now aspiring King of Sieily had like to break out into war about the Queens Richard's sisters Dowry had it not 〈◊〉 taken up But it fell out whilst the Kings of England and France often met as good friends c. that jealousie and distrust revived old and raised new quarrels to the great hinderance of the common good they intended a warning to great Princes willing to hold a unity never to converse or stay long together An old quarrel was Richard's rejecting Adela the others sister for suspition of too much familiarity with his Father Henry the 2d and espousing Berengaria the King of Navar 's Daughter which 〈◊〉 brake 〈◊〉 to this Expeditious overthrow and disturbance of their Realms The French King at Spring loosed from Messana arriving safely at Ptolemais and was received by the Christians as succours from Heaven Richard shortly following two ships of whose weather-beaten Fleet were driven on Cyrus the Islanders spoyling them slaying and taking the men that hardly escaped the Sea and forbidding the rest to land The King moved landed by force fully conquering the Island and taking Isaac Comnen commonly called their King sent him bound in silver chains into Syria Then there at Limozin he married Berengaria and set forward after disposal of things he took of the Sultans a great ship laden with victuals warlike provisions and was most honourably received at 〈◊〉 which had been besieged 3 years with many a hot assault and bloudy skirmish The eys of all were fixed on these two Kings The Camp chiefly consisted of English French Italians and Almains as also many others from Zeale daily coming in These thus besieging had laboriously undermined that called the accursed Tower with part of the Wall appointing every Regimen to assail
the wall at the firing of the Mine in which assault the Tower fell with part of the wall opening a fair breach The Turks forthwith in a Parley yielded the City July 12 1191 and were to restore the holy Crosse 2000 Captives 200 horsemen of those they required being in Saladin's power 200000 Ducats to be given to the 2 Kings for their cost the City Turks being to remain hostages for performance and to be at the Kings mercy if all were 〈◊〉 performed in 40 daies The Austrians as the only men first at entry advanced their Ensigns on the walls top which Richard especially not brooking caused their Dukes Ensigns to be soyled under foot to his after repentance The 2 Kings dividing the spoyl not regarding the other Christians they withdrew and sent them word except they they were partaker of the gains as of the pains they would forsake them many the Kings delaying their promisés departing for poverty discontented into their Countries But ere long envy and distrust ministred new matter of greater discontentments between the 2 Kings King Richard requested the French King to bind himself with him by oath to stay 3 years for regaining Syria and Palestine but he estranged before from Richard plotting matters nearer home would not be perswaded so to do but in a colour fell very sick sending for Richard and others to whom in few words he declared his purpose That seeing he could not indure the hot air's intemperature and that the life of one absent might more profit Christian Religion c. than the death of him present he must depart but would leave 5000 horse and 10000 foot choise men under Odo Duke of Burgundy giving them pay and supply of all things King Richard said his return was to invade Guien and Normandy now disfurnished of Garrisons which point he so urged that Philip bound himself to him by Oath no way to attempt any thing until 50 daies after Richard's return home And embarquing the rest of his Army he Aug. 1. departed to Tyre thence to Rome visiting the Pope and so safely arrived in France having performed nothing to what the world expected Leopold of Austria followed and shortly the Venetians Pisans and Genoans Whereupon Saladine refused to pay the promised mony or restore the prisoners threatning to chop off all Captives heads if extremity were used to the pledges Richard refused Saladin's request and presents for longer sparing his pledges whereupon he beheaded the Christian Captives and Richard Aug. 20 in sight of Saladin's Army executed 2500 or as some write 7000 Turks prisoners Saladine as it commonly happens in a great Commanders ill successe much impaired his reputation by the losse of Prolemais wherefore with a headlong despair he sacked ruined and overthrew the walls of Porphyria Casaria Joppa Ascalon Gaza and Elam with divers other places like to stand the Christians in stead most part whereof were fortified and re-peopled by Richard and the Templers though Saladine endeavoured to let them But nothing more hindred the Christian Princes proceedings then discord among themselves for besides the strife of the Kings of France and England no lesse was between King Guy and Conrade of Montferrat about the lost Kingdom 's title Richard with othesr taking Guy's part and the French King with others taking part with Conrade who being shortly slain by two Assassines or 〈◊〉 suborned by the Prince of Torone for taking from him Isabel his espoused wife Richard perswaded Isabel his Widow to marry his Nephew the Earl of Campaine giving him Tyre Guy exclaiming as of a wrong unto himself But shortly after he perswaded Guy to resign his small title in the Kingdom to him and gave him Cyprus in lieu thereof Richard becoming hereby King of Jerusalem Guy lived not long in the Kingdom of Cyprus yet 't was about 283 years in the Lusignan family until it fell into Uenetian hands who held it nigh 100 years till Selymus 2 Turkish Emperor took it from them in 1571. King Richard was now more desirous of Jerusalem than before And thereupon set forward himself in the Vantguard Otho following him and Jaques with his Flemings c. in the rear being come to Arsua Saladine with ambuscadoes charged the rear-ward on whom Jaques turning endured the charge till the rest came to their succoúr The French English and Low-countrey-men strove honourably in that notable battel especially the Turks part their only hopes depending on Jerusalem it continued from noon till the Suns going down Richard some write was wounded with an arrow 〈◊〉 was slain leaving the victory to the Christians more Turks are said to be slain than in any battel in mans memory the Christians lost no great number They removed the next 〈◊〉 to Bethlehem but the King through Winters approach c. returned with most to Ascalon which that Winter he fortified Otho wintred at Tyre many departed then from the Camp however at Spring Richard took the field and came to Bethlehem taking by the way very many loaded Camels sent to furnish Jerusalem but Otho who knew the French Kings mind perswaded the Frenchmen that the glory would redound to Richard as present through whose unwillingnesse to the siege Richard to his grief returned to Ptolemais News also was then brought that Philip of France forgetting his promise had invaded Normandy stirring up Richard's brother to take on him Englands Kingdom Richard fearing he might lose his Kingdom at home thought best to make 〈◊〉 good end with Saladine and so return But the politick Sultan to weaken the Christians forces and discourage others from coming thither afterwards offered no other conditions than that the Christians should restore all they had won in the 3 years Ptolemais excepted and that the Turks for 5 years should not molest them which the King was willing to accept of whereby the labour c. of these two Kings and others were frustrated the Christians having only Antioch Tyre and Ptolemais left in Syria Richard leaving those affairs to Henry Earl of Champain shipped most of his men with his Wife for England they arriving safely there but himself from Sicily following was by extremity of weather driven on the coast of Histria and travelling homeward in a Templars habit was by Leopold of Austria taken prisoner who sold him to the Emperour for 40000 pounds and after 1 year 3 months was ransomed for 100000 li. The great Sultan Saladine about this time dyed who commanded no solemnity to be used at his burial but his shirt carried on a Lance point as an Ensign a plain Priest crying before his dead body Saladine Conquerour of the East of all the greatness and riches he had in his life carrieth nothing with him after death more than his shirt He reigned about 16 years leaving 9 Sons all except Saphradine Sultan of Aleppo murthered by Saphradine their Uncle from whom discended Meledin Sultan of Aegypt and Coradin of Damaseo and Jerusalem Pope Celestine was now in hope that Jerusalem might in
pillar before the Apostles Temple in perpetual remembrance of him which overthrown by an earthquake was restored by his Son This great City sometime the Worlds beauty by the strange mutations was wonderfully defaced c. for its beauty when the Latins took it was most defaced by fire who while they had it ceased not to destroy some part or other as if they had known they should not long keep it neither did this last fire a little deform it wherefore his chief care now was to cleanse the City and first beginning to repair the Temples then filling empty houses with Inhabitants Though the chief Latins were fled yet most Tradesmen were Venetians and Pisans to whom to joyn the Genowaies and to sill the City he thought not altogether safe but assigned them 〈◊〉 now Pera on tother fide to inhabit with priviledges and a Consul of their own over every Company storing 〈◊〉 what he could with natural Greeks But though all things went as 〈◊〉 could wish yet fearing such is the torment of usurping tyrants lest the smouldred anger of the Empires right heirs should break into open force and perhaps work his confusion thought best to dispose so of Theodor's children that he might not stand in doubt Besides Mary and Theodora before married to the Despot of Epirus and the Prince of Bulgaria other two younger were in his custody Theodora and Irene whom he married to 2 Latins one of Peloponesus the other to one of Genua men of no great birth or power John the heir only remained but 10 years old whom Paleologus at first sent into Magnesia to be kept from Court lest in his right new stirrs dangerous to his estate should begin The which the 〈◊〉 took so ill that he forsook all to spend his days in a little Monastery of the Piscasins from whence 〈◊〉 drew him almost against his will making him Patriarch of Constantinople The Usurper unmindful of his former faith given 〈◊〉 to establish him and his posterity in the soveraignty caused the young 〈◊〉 eys to be put out for which barbarous cruelty Theodora his sister ceased not to stirr up the Prince of Bulgaria her husband in revenge Jathatines also weary of exile entreated him to war on the Emperour promising him a great sum if he might recover his liberty who with his own power and above 20000 Tartars sooner than could be thought over ran all Thracia leaving neither man nor beast as he went hoping also to surprize the Emperour returning from 〈◊〉 but that he in a Galley of the Latins put in by the Sea side to water arrived safely in the imperial City wherefore the Bulgarian marching to Aenum forthwith being terrified they delivered the Sultan unto him In his return they drave before them such numbers of men and cattel that for a space either 〈◊〉 or beast was not to be 〈◊〉 in the open 〈◊〉 Jathathines carried over 〈◊〉 and set at liberty soon died whom Meleck his Son succeded not but two other Mescott and Keicubades of the Selzuccian Family as were all the Turks Sultans betwixt whom Cazan the great Tartar for a yearly tribute divided the Turks Kingdom unto Mescott the Cities of Amida in Galatia Melasia in lesser Armenia c. unto Keicubades Iconium with all Countries of lesser Asia along the Sea coast So that the Turks Kingdom long flourishing in Persia Syria Palestine and Aegypt were overthrown by the Mamaluks and Tartars and now brought under in lesser Asia also the 2 weak Princes reigning but at the devotion of the Tartar In which confusion divers of power shared something of the declining Kingdom but many of the basest people only with bows and arrows with daily incursions from the Mountains straits much 〈◊〉 the adjoyning Christian Countries still gaining upon the Greeks what they lost to the Tartars for the frontier Garrisons being for want of pay disbanded and the Castles abandoned was at length a great ruin to the Greeks in lesser Asia At length a great power of them meeting in Paphlagonia to invade the Christians Paleologus sent a strong Army to stay their further coming which by unskilfulness of Captains was by the Turks who of purpose retiring had drawn the Greeks into danger of ambush utterly 〈◊〉 few or none of that multitude escaping After which victory the Turks over-ran all the Countrey to the River Sanger on whose banks Paleologus fortified divers places to keep them out of Bithynia Yet they soon 〈◊〉 all from Pontus and Galatia to the Lycian and Carian Sea to the River Eurimedon dividing them 〈◊〉 to Toparchies little acknowledging Mescot or Keicubades Many conflicts in the mean time passed between the Mamalukes and Tartars for the Soveraignty of Syria The poor Christians in doubt of both with the Armenians infested by the Mamalukes sent divers to the Pope and Western Princes for help whose prayers moved Lewis of France and Henry 3 of England topromise them aid Lewis took on him the Cross causing Philip that succeeded him Peter and John surnamed 〈◊〉 for his Mothers heaviness for her husband in her delivery his 3 Sons and most Nobles to do the like to whom the King of Navarr and 2 others joyned He set forward from 〈◊〉 March 1. 1270 staying a while at 〈◊〉 through force of weather he arrived at Carthage not the ancient City but another built after in her ruins or not far from them surprizing certain ships in the Haven but assaulting the Town he was notably repulsed On a day the Defendants making a fierce sally on the French retired by degrees to draw their enemies on The Constable coming and charging them behind and the retirers now standing they were hardly beset who made there a great fight not without extream peril which they in the City beholding hideously cried astonying their friends and enemies But the French approaching a Bulwark on the Sea side took it without resistance at which they without began to flee and them of the Town for their lives yielded it to the King Carthage won he besieged 〈◊〉 being by the way encountred by the Moors King who losing 10000 men fled resolving to keep within his 〈◊〉 walls if happily he might weaken his enemies by protacting time Lewis resolved not to stir thence the City not seeming to hold out for want considering the peoples multitude yet it held out 6 months streightly hemmed in every way after which Embassadours were sent to treat for Peace But the whiles a furious 〈◊〉 cut down the French by heaps John Triftan his youngest Son dying Aug. 25. 1270. The King shortly dyed of the Bloudy flux yet his brother Charles 〈◊〉 with fresh Souldiers somewhat lightned the French and daunred the Moors Edward Henry of England's Son came to 〈◊〉 in 10 daies with a brave Company from 〈◊〉 being joyfully received of the other Princes who a little before concluded a peace with the Moors King upon his paying a yearly tribute of 40000 Crowns to the King of Sicily and suffering
betwixt them to be favourable to his friends and an enemy to his foes and to give notice to his Court of all new Warres which she should hear of concerning the said King for behoof of her self and him So commending her Embassador for his good and faithful service there done who having left Bardon his Deputy was returning towards England that he or some other principal Embassador should without delay be sent to his Court to continue the Office of Legation Yet for all these fair shewes it may seem by the state of the Turkish affaires at those times and what hath since ensued that Amurath glad of the 〈◊〉 of those two great Princes and not well yet assured of his Conquest in Persia had no great minde to invade Spain as too farre off and not to be so easily managed at Sea as the Warres he shortly after waged against Rodolph the Emperour by Land About this time also the Cossacks making an in road upon the Turks and Tartars surprized 〈◊〉 a Port-Town where they spoyled many rich Ware-Houses of Turkish Merchants and rifling some Ships in Harbour burnt the rest with great booty returning to their lurking places wherewith the Tartars provoked and set on by the Turks forty thousand of them brake into Podolia and the Provinces near Poland burning the Countrey before them slaying the poor people without mercy and besides spoyl carried away many thousands Captive yet most of them the Polonian rescued with the notable slaughter of his Enemy in his return whereupon it was thought open Warres would have broke out betwixt the Turk and King Sigismund had not he by his Embassadors and the Queen of Englands mediation appeased the angry Turk and renewed his League Amurath now at peace with the World and sitting idle at home was perswaded by his Bassaes to take some new Warre in hand for that great Empires they said could not without the continuall use of Arms long stand as appeared by the Roman State which whilest it was at Warres with Carthage or their great Captains occupied in Arms against Neighbour-Princes still remained triumphant but giving it self to ease and pleasure and the Martiall-men not imployed as they were wont it soon by civill discord fell and the Mistris of the World becam it self a prey even to the basest Nations which old 〈◊〉 foreseeing cryed out in the Senate that the Souldiers were to be still busied in Arms farre from home for in so doing the glory of the State should increase whereto Amurath's Progenitors having respect propounded not peace as the end of their Warres as do other weak Princes but as invincible Conquerors still made one Victory the beginning of another c. which and the like reasons they alleaged not so much for love of their Prince or zeal to the State as their own particular profit especially the two old Bassaes Sinan and Ferat the envious competitors of each others honour these perswasions well pleased Amurath who though he were no Souldier himself yet was he desirous of new Conquests and to increase his name accounting it no lesse honour by his Servants to perform great things then it was to his Ancestors to do that they did in person but Amurath could not at first tell what to resolve upon for the great Bassaes concerning the intended Warre were of eight sundry Opinions The first was that the Wars against the Persians should be renewed The second for the invading the King of Morocco and Fez The third for Warre against the King of Spain The fourth for the besieging again of Malta The fifth to set upon the Venetians The sixth for invading some part of Italy The seventh for the King of Poland The eighth for Warre upon the Emperour and Kingdom of Hungary with all which aforesaid Princes except the Spaniard though the Turk were then in League yet was that never made question of but onely which might best stand with the profit of his State for him to set upon his barbarous Law allowing him that liberty in such cases to break all faith and promise especially with Christians Sundry reasons were alleaged by the Bassaes for every one of these Opinions too large here to relate particularly But the Reasons for the eighth Opinion of making Warre upon the Christian Emperour whom the Turks call King of Vienna were for that Uschocci were grown so insolent as to make prize of the Turks both by Sea and Land so that for both the harms they did and for the honour of the Othoman Empire they were no longer to be suffered for hereby especially the Merchants great hindrance and the Sultans great losse had removed their Mart from Narenta in the Turks Dominion to Spalato a Town of the Venetians and yet were not so secure though there were peace betwixt the Emperour and Venetians because these unruly men troubled all both by Sea and Land with their robberies driving away Cattel burning Villages and taking away babes out of their Mothers Arms so that it was no doubt but if occasion should serve they would attempt to surprise with all their power the Turks strong Holds upon the Frontiers nor was it unknown how little the Emperour esteemed the Turk when he warred with the Persian paying Tribute too late at his pleasure neither was this Warre to be deemed difficult or doubtful because they might attempt it by Croatia Hungary and Austria Countries abounding with all necessaries they being also to travel almost all the way in the Turks own Territories besides the chief fortresses of Hungary with many other strong places they already held whither their Armies in all cases might retire or repair their losses out of the same They said the Roman Empire desired peace more then War that the Princes were very careful to heap up and preserve their Treasures and the Germans having had no Warres a long time were now lesse fit for Arms and worse to be commanded alwayes distrusting the Hungarians Italians and Spaniards whom they rather hated then loved being divided also amongst themselves chiefly about Religion neither were forraign Princes to be feared to give the Emperour ayd the Polonian and Transilvanian lived 〈◊〉 in peace with the Turk and therefore would by no meanes turn the heat of this Warre into the rown bosoms c. And though the King of Spain might afford the House of Austria great ayd yet he was now too much busied elsewhere and the Bishop of Rome could not be ready in all places to serve his turn the Italian Princes would not spend themselves to pleasure another man and the Venetians would not rashly stir up the Turks against themselves but rather at ease expect the effect of the Warre All those Opinions of the great Bassaes concerning the Warre proceeded not so much from any sound advice as commonly 〈◊〉 do but rather from a certain barbarous insolency and contempt of others Amurath stood long in doubt in such diversities of Opinions what to resolve upon but contenting himself with what
Transilvania they so pursued Bator that they forced him to fight nigh Cromstar where losing the Battel and part of his Troops he saved himself in Hermstad Upon which disgrace some chief Inhabitants would have submitted to King Matthias but he discovering the attempt did such execution that he was called Cruell Forgatsi the while accorded with Andrew Nage who had drawn high Hungary into Rebellion and so enters Transilvania where he taking some strong Holds 〈◊〉 Clausenburg which he so battered that the besieged ready to be forced yielded and sware Allegiance to King Matthias July 25. But Bator being shut up in Hermstad conjures all his Friends to come to him and entreated the Bassa of Buda and Temeswar to succour him according to the command from the Sultan making also Nage to revolt again in upper Hungary upon surmise that Forgatsi had not kept his promise so as with him he seized upon the 〈◊〉 of Bayens and filling that Country with combustions Forgatsi could expect no Succours thence then receiving some Turks and Tartars he pursued Forgatsie with such fury that he forced him to leave all in Transilvania and retire into Valachia Bator going to surprize Tocai in the Faire-time with 1000 Horse found the Garrison so watchfull that with loss he was forced to return Forgatsie thinking to recover upper-Hungary by the Country of the Zeclerians could not effect it for Bator stopping his passage and likewise the Earl ' s of Bucheime and Dampier passed Tibisce to meet him so as Forgatsie was forced to retire towards Poland by steep and desart-places where his Army for want miserably perished few remaining alive with the which he passed thither and soon returned into Hungary with a very poor Equipage But a more violent Tempest ariseth in Moldavia for the Turk hearing that Prince Constantine had relieved Radville against Bator his Ally or rather Tributary sends a new Prince into Moldavia the supposed Son of one Thomas or Aaron as some who had formerly commanded there with 1500 Souldiers and Letters to the Turks and Tartars thereabouts to assist him Thus 2 Princes contend for Moldavia the one supported by the Polonian the other by the Turk but a third comes and pretends a Title being the son of Janicolo who commanded there who escaping from the black-Tower in Constantinople whither he was committed prisoner for losing a Battel against Michael of Moldavia in 1601. came at last into England whose estate that King pittying recommended him by his Letters to Sir Tho. Glover then at Constantinople with command to assist him and solicite his restitution Whereupon he entertained him in his House at Pera with many of his Friends for a long time and the while solicited the Sultan for his restoring having good accesse to him because he spake the Turkish Tongue perfectly to whom he gave good answers but with delayes that it was not yet time His Competitor in Moldavia hearing hereof made Friends and corrupted some of the Court-Bassa's by Bribes and Murath the chief Visier himself who tryed many means to get the Moldavian into his hands first sending to Glover that the Sultan desired to see the man if he were capable of the place or not but he refused to send him then he wrote to him It was the Sultan's pleasure he should send the Moldavian to him to confer with him who answered Unlesse he saw a Warrant under his own hand he would not deliver him Hereupon Murath with 2000 Janizaries resolved to fetch him out by force so that Glover fortified his House arming his people and the Moldavians for defence Murath disguising a Janizary like a Greek Shepherd he entering his House found them all in Arms then returning he told Murath he had to do with a man man and if he proceeded he would hazard many Janizaries so he desisted After which Glover the Embassador being called home the Moldavian despairing turned Turk and was made Bey of Bursia in Asia but Nassuff comming from the Persian Wars soon discharged him The great Duke of Tuscany advertised that the Caravian which transported the Turks Tribute of Aegypt to Transilvania prepared to put to Sea speedily armed 4 Gallions under the command of Beauregard a French man with command to passe into the Levant to meet with the Caravan who arriving in the Port of Calismene in Candy to water after 6 dayes he sailing forward learned of a ship of Marseilles that the Caravan was yet in the Port of Alexandria preparing for their Voyage to attend whom the Admiral Beauregard cast Anchor at the Fort of Sidon called 〈◊〉 governed by 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a Rebell to the Turks but a great Friend to the Florentines where he stayed 12 dayes to take his necessaries and making a stricter League with Facardin he gave him a Coffer of Arms whereby the Florentine ships came most freely into those parts Beauregard returning towards Cyprus found a Christian ship which came from Damietta assuring him that a great number of Turks galleys were gone out of the Rhodes had taken a Flemish ship Wherefore making all things ready and prescribing the Order his Captains should use during the fight he caused his Ordnance to be mounted his 4 very good Gallions having each 40 pieces and 400 good Souldiers Betwixt Cyprus and Caramania they encountred this Turkish Fleet being 40 Galleys and 2 Galleasses under the command of Bassa Grego the Galleasses advance to view them and find how far their Cannon would reach and the while the Galleys made ready for Combat Beauregard an old Sea-Captain attended till the whole Fleet came up close to him and then gave them such furious broad-sides that the amazed Turks made a stand Grego well observing their resolution dividing his galleys in 2 squadrons cōmanded the one to assault the Florentins and the rest the while to prepare to the fight which continued 6 hours yet could they not board them Grego seeing 5 of his galleys sunk all the men lost but suddenly the wind favouring the Florentines they chased the Turks forcing them to seek safety in the Haven of Famagussa so of assailants they became Runnaways Beauregard seeing his design against the Caravan disappointed resolved to return towards Ligorne encountring a Turkish Caramousal going to Cyprus in chase overtaking it slaying 130 Turks and taking 300 slaves The Booty was valued at 140000 Crowns After this their Victuals beginning to fail they made for Ligorne but the wind falling contrary they stayed 8 dayes in the Island of Scarpante and having chased some Galleys of Tunes they arrived at Ligorne June 15. where was great joy for their return and prize which was to be divided one third part to the men the other 2 parts for entertainment of the Ships and payment of the Captains This Caravan is yearly attended both by the Gallions of Florence those of Malta and Naples and all the Pirates of the Mediterranean-sea yet had they other enterprizes upon the Turks Country besides the spoil of Merchants which many
hundred thousand men were slain the Turks lost most who retired or fled for that 〈◊〉 useth to fight with the Turks in giving way a little After this the Visier entring far into Persia many doubted his return would prove difficult yet soon after came Letters that the Turks in Persia being much distressed for Victuals the Sophie had sent to the Visier to demand peace promising hereafter the Tribute of Silks he owed yearly the Visier granting him peace in regard of necessity which Osman ratifying the Sophie sent many Camels laden with Victuals to the Turks Army During this War upon Achmat's Anniversary day a Comet appeared by night over Constantinople like a crooked Sword or Scimitar it extending from the Meridian near our Zenith to the Horizon the point shewing it self it appeared little and somewhat whitish 〈◊〉 an hour more apparent and of a deeper colour and the more it rose the redder and like bloud but at day-break it vanished by degrees in the light It was so big when the point drew nigh the Zenith that the Hilt was hid under the Horizon Mathematitians observed it followed the Heavens motion ever rising in one place and the Swords bending was towards Crates but more Southerly appearing in the very East a quarter Southward the point comming directly towards Constantinople and the blade extending East and a quarter South just where Persia is scituated the 〈◊〉 directly towards Constantinople Men discoursed diversly and many amazed feared the losse and defeat of their Army in Persia. Uri Chiaus ending his Embassy in France came into England with the like charge to wit for continuing the bond of Peace daily encreasing of Friendship betwixt the Turkish Emperour and the King 〈◊〉 whom he had audience at Whitehall Sir Tho. Glover being Interpreter of his 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 he made a very brief speech at taking of his leave beseeching the King to vouchsafe his Princely Answer by 〈◊〉 by him his slave as he had presented to him the Imperial Letter of the most Mighty Sultan Osman his Lord and Master Wherein he declares that the Turkish Monarchy had almost till that time been alwayes hereditary from Father to Sonne but his Noble Uncle Sultan Mustapha was for his years preferred to sit on the Ottoman Throne taking care of its affaires for a time but he having been many years retired in solitariness and given to devotion and divine obedience and as it were wearied with cares of the Empire of his own accord withdrew himself from the Government because the Scepter of the 7 Climates was the true right of himself whereof he said God Almighty by the consent of all the Visiers and other Deputies of State the Primate of the Musulman Law and the other Doctors the other Souldiers and all Subjects had made a worthy guift unto him c. and since it was an ancient Custom of his Predecessors to certifie such Princes thereof as were and continued in sincere friendship with his House of great Majesty he had also written those Letters by Uri or Hussein Chiaus the choise among his equals hoping when they should come to his hands he in conformity of the well-grounded friendship upon the League and 〈◊〉 of old established with his Royal Race would certifie to the Governours of his Dominions his great joy therefore that they might know that those former Articles and firm points of the Oath should undoubtedly during his Reign be observed with all respect Halill Bassa also chief Visier and General against the Persian at his return from the Wars to the City Senit in April 1618 wrote to Sir Paul Pindar the English Embassador then at Constantinople giving him a brief account of the said expedition and how they went to Van then to Tauris sacking destroying tormenting all the people that came to hand and putting 7 or 800 Persians of note to the Sword whom some of his Army met withall the Persian General whom he calls of perverse Religion and accursed fleeing they going on towards Erdevil after a 〈◊〉 wherein some of his he said but innumerable of the enemies fell they went so burning spoiling and killing all they met that from the Confines to Erdevill 20 dayes journey was by them so destroyed then the King fleeing out of Erdevil to Hulchal made his Army go to the top of a high Mountain and thence sent 3 or 4 times for peace promising 100 Somes of silk yearly to the Sultan and all places gotten upon the confines in Solyman's time except Der Ne and Der Tink wherewith he was contented and so returning the same way always spoiling they came to Erzirum The Warres growing hot in Bohemia against the Protestants in 1619 by the Emperour 's raising what Forces he could to suppress them the Governours wrote to Bethlem Gabor to acquaint them with their affaires who answered Transilvania standing even in the jawes of the Turks who were always watchful to embrace all occasions upon any discord of the Christians chiefly having pacified all quarrels with the Persian and no Rebels in Asia he would attend the consent and favour of the Sultan that he might have no occasion to break into the Neighbour Countries and himself the better to imploy his best meanes to reconcile the discords among the Christians so sending to Constantinople accordingly he 〈◊〉 Letters thence Aug. 17th assuring him of his consent and favour whereupon he resolved for all the 〈◊〉 of the House of Austria the Pope and others to take Arms in defence of the Bohemians 〈◊〉 in Septemb. to be upon the confines of Moravia if not somewhat stayed in Hungary Hearing of Bohemia and Moravia's Estate he entred upper Hungary with an Army where most of the Barons submitted to him onely Humanoy opposed him but he was fain to flee into Poland then Bethlem sent his Army 18000 and took Filek Novigrade and other places seizing on Newhusall whose Governour was delivered unto him bound The Palatine of Hungary wrote to Redei his General to consider what the Kings of Spain and France their forces were with the House of Austria and their Allies and that Electors some excepted would aid the Emperour who answered he doubted not of those things yet hoping ere they came all should be ended and their dinners provided Soon after Pr. Bethlem came to Presburg with his Army where the Hungarian Kings are usually crowned whereupon they sent 3000 Souldiers from Vienna with three Ordnance down 〈◊〉 who entring the Suburbs Octob. 13th the Transilvanians in that stormy and rainy night slew most of them their Commander fleeing with some few Then Bethlem sent to the Palatine to demand the Town and Castle giving him some time to resolve and after some consulting with the Nobles the Town was yielded unto him after which he sent part of his Army to the Gates of Vienna in Austria where they committed great spoil In Novemb. Bethlem Gabor and the States of Hungary sending Embassadors 〈◊〉 Prague propounded among other Articles they joyntly to send
Emperour of Germany 1339. sends Negroni Embassador to 〈◊〉 I. 1350. Maximilian crowned Roman Emperour 803. concludes a peace with Selimus 806. Maximilian made Generall of the Emperour's forces 1098. wins Hatwan 1099. overthrows the Turks 1104. but flies 1105. Melechsala made Sultan of Damasco but is betrayed to Saladin 48. Meledin Sultan of Egypt dyes 91. Melechsala chosen Sultan of Egypt 91. overthrows the French Army 94. and dyes 112. Duke Mercury made Generall 1130. wins Alba-Regalis 1155. discomfits Hassan Bassa 1175. 〈◊〉 come into Greece 185. Michael Ducas made Emperour instead of Diogenes 8. Michael Emperour of Greece goes to Magnesia but returns with losse 135. and dies 144. Michael is created Vayvod of Valachia 1050. revolts from the Turk 1052. wins Hersowa and Silistra 1054. overthrowes Turks and Tartars 1056 1057. submits to the Turk 1107. yet takes Nicopolis 1118. invades Transylvania 1125. overthrowes Bator Vayvod thereof 1126. and wins it 1127. receives an Embassador and rich Presents from the Turk 1137 1138. subdues Moldavia 1140. is overthrown by 〈◊〉 1145. resigns Transylvania to the German Emperour 1146. recovers it and drives out Sigismund 1162. is slain in his Tent 1163. Michna Vayvod of Valachia proclaimed Prince of Moldavia 1394. 〈◊〉 is made Admiral by the Venetians 〈◊〉 doth great harm to the Turks 377 378. gives up that charge 379. is chosen Duke of Venice 383. Moses revolts from Scanderbeg 342. and comes to Epirus with an Army 343. is discomfited 344. submits to Scanderbeg 345. is taken by the Turks and is flead alive 366. Moyses Sigismunds Lievtenant is overthrown by 〈◊〉 1165 1197. loseth Solomose Castle 1198. invades Transylvania 1109. wins Claudinopolis 1201. puts the Valachians to flight but is discomfited and slain 1203. Mustapha chosen Emperour of Turks 1408. imprisoneth the French Embassadour for 〈◊〉 escape 1411. but frees him 1412. N. NAdasti who had done excellent service for the Emperour in Hungary dyes 1229. Nassuf the Grand Visier his life related 1365. he is strangled 1366. Nice is recovered by the Christians 161. Noradine Sultan of Damasco fires Panead 27. wins it and Arethusa 45. and dyes 48. O. 〈◊〉 wins Prusa 160. is established King of Turks 161. wins Nice 163. and 〈◊〉 165. and dies 169. Original of the Turks uncertain 1 2. Osman Bassa is sent for by Amurath III 952. puts the Tartars to flight 954. is appointed Chief Visier and General 956. is surprized by the Persian's sleights 975. wins Tauris 976. falls sick 977. his Army is discomfited by the Persians 978 979. and dies 980. Osman I. proclaimed Sultan 1113. sends an Embassadour to K. James of England 1414. and is strangled 1423. Othoman made Governour of the Oguzian Turks 123. surpriseth the Castle Chalce 124. and Einegiol 128. settleth his Kingdome 129. subdues Bythinia 130 and dyes 160. Otranto taken and fortified by the Turks 402. but regained 403. P. 〈◊〉 crowned Emperour of Greece 101. gains Constantinople from the Latines 105. and dies 85. Palfi Governour of Strigonium dies 1130. Pappa yielded to the Turks 1133. Persian King 〈◊〉 Taur's 984. his eldest son Hamsy is slain 990. recovers Tauris 1214. wins Babylon 1237 1268. overthrows Cicola 1243 1246 1268. wins Damasco and Adena 1289. defeats the Turks 1323. kills 60000 Turks 1404. besiegeth Babylon 1440. Peter stirs up Christian Princes to the Holy War 10. Peter Count of Flanders chosen Emperour of Constantinople 84. dyes 85. Philip 2. of France departs for Sicilia 57. returns out of Syria 59. invades Normandy 61. Philes Paleologus chaseth the Turks out of Europe 143. Plague in the Christian Camp whereof 50000 dye 15. in Constantinople where 200000 dye 1328 1340. Prodigies seen in the Air 1339 1365 1414 1419. Ptolemais yielded to the Christians 58. and razed by the Turks 114. R. R 〈◊〉 Prince of Transylvania deposed by the Turk re-aslumes his Government 1433. discomfits the Turks 1434. the States establish him 1435. puts the Bassa of Buda to flight 1436. delivers Varadin to the Turk 1446. takes his Competitor prisoner 1448. Rhodes besieged by Mahomet in vain 398 401. its scituation 541. besieged by Solyman 542. and yielded to him 558. Richard I. King of England sets forward to Syria takes Cyprus with its King 57. and becomes King of Jerusalem 60. Robert of Normandy chosen King of Jerusalem 18. Rodolph the Emperour makes a League with Amurath III. 952. which is broken 991 1002. overthrowes the Turks at SisegCastle 1012. wins Subatska 1017. discomfits the Turks and takes Filek 1018. sends an Embassadour to the Duke of Muscovy who promiseth aid 1024. takes Jasperin Castle 1026. and Rab 1112. overthrowes the Turks and Tartars 1122. takes a prize from the Turks 1123. besiegeth Buda 1171. wins 〈◊〉 1172. and Adona 1174. raiseth Buda's siege 1175. discomfits the Turks 1213. takes Hatwan 1222. hath aid from the Pope 1250. hath a Treaty of peace with the Turks 1252 1253. which is broken 1254. suppresseth the Rebels of Transylvania 1265. hath Cassoria yielded to him 1266. puts the Turks and Rebels to flight 1289. concludes Articles of peace with the Hungarians 1293 1294 1307 1308. grants free exercise of Religion in Bohemia 1322. and dies 1339. Ronzerius entertained by the Greek Emperor and slain 136. Roxalana a slave married to to Solyman married to Solyman 731. plotteth Mustapha's destruction 732 733. S. SAladin is made Sultan of Egypt 47. invades the Holy Land and is put to flight 49. breaks his League with Baldwin and is overthrown 50. loseth 15000 men and flies 52. takes Ptolemais and 〈◊〉 Towns with 〈◊〉 53. makes a great slaughter of the Christians 55. and dyes 61. Saracon invades Egypt is vanquished by Almericus 46. is appointed Sultan of Egypt and dies 61. Scanderbeg delivered to the Turks for Hostage 236. hath 〈◊〉 delivered to him 259. gains Petrella and Petralba 260. taketh Sfetigrade 262. puts Alis Bassa 264. Ferises 276. and Muslapha to flight 277. overthrows the Venetians 284. takes Mustapha 285. assaults the Turks Camp 291 298. takes Amesa prisoner 335. kills Debrias 336. receives aid from Alphonsus 339. is surprized at Belgrade 340. discomfits his revolted Nephew Amesa 352. concludes 2. years peace with the Turk 354. defeats Sinam Asam Jussumbeg and Caraza 355. makes a peace with Mahomet 357. spoyles the Turks borders 360. surprizeth Seremet Bassa 363. 〈◊〉 Balabanus 4. times 365 368. and slew Jacup 369. With Venetian aid he raiseth Croia's siege where 〈◊〉 is slain 371. dies and is interred in Lyssa 373. Scrivano a Rebell overthrows Mehemet Bassa 1153 1164. wins many Cities in Asia and dyes 1176. Selimus I. aided by the Tartar comes into Europe 448. to Hadrianople 450. is put to flight by his Father 454 455. is made General and saluted Emperour 462. invades Armenia 474. fights with Hysmael 477 478. puts Aladeules to flight 485. sends Sinan Bassa into Egypt 498. takes Caire 509 510. and dyes 524. Selimus II. installed Emperour of Turks 799. invades Cyprus 815. wins Nicosia 821. besiegeth Famagusta 822 823. and wins it 837. makes