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A14275
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A tale of tvvo swannes VVherein is comprehended the original and increase of the riuer Lee commonly called Ware-riuer: together, with the antiquitie of sundrie places and townes seated vpon the same. Pleasant to be read, and not altogether vnprofitable to bee vnderstood. By W.V.
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Vallans, William.
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1590
(1590)
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STC 24590; ESTC S111492
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14,794
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26
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chiefe Lordes sonnes of Britaine and Cornewall where Zepherinus then Bishop priuily instructed him in the fayth of Christ which at his returne he taught to Albon in such sort that openly professing the same they were in the time of the ãâã Dââ¦sian ââ¦th martired Wherof you may reade in Gââ¦ldas and Bede After this the Citie was yet in good estate vntill the time of the ãâã when Octâ⦠and Oesa taking it for their refuge were besieged by Vther Pendragon wâ⦠brake the ââ¦es and defaced it Aââ¦ter this by Lââ¦tle and Litle it langââ¦shed so that it became a deane or harbour of theeues and ãâã vntill King Offa about the yeare of our Lord 793. ââ¦ded an Aââ¦ey in honor of S. A bon in a place calld ãâã hencefoââ¦rth the olde citie decaied and S. Aââ¦bons flourished And Alfricke the seuenth Abbot of the house bought the fishing pond of the King and for that the Fishermen dayly endoââ¦aged the religious people it was with great ââ¦st drayââ¦ed made drie There remaineth at this day a street in S. Albons called Fishpoââ¦le street and for that there hath bene fouââ¦d about the Citie AAnchors keles of beates old nailes and such trash some haue supposed the Thames to haue runne that way which errour grewe by corruption of Gyldas booke where he mentioneth of S. Albons death but it is not so but heare what ancient recordes doo testifie concerning the same In the tune of Kââ¦ng Edgar when Aegelred was Abbot he caused the ruines of Verolane to be searched the vaultes to bee vncouered and the pauements to be digged vp where he found Pillers peeces of antique worke thresholds door-frames pillers for windowes of fine masonrie worke some of Porphyrte some Touch some Alablaster all which were verte conuenient for his purpose besides hee found sockets of Lattyn and of brasse with diuers other thinges which hee reserued towardes the foundation of a new abbey which he intended to build But being preuented by death Edmerus his successor digged againe and found Idols Altars richly couered Iugs and cruses wiââ¦h puts some of wood some stone and some gold artificially wrââ¦ught and caââ¦ed And proceeding farther hee found pots of gold siluer and some of brasse some with coyne and some with bones and ashes of such as haue bene burned or buried all which were reseruââ¦d and the mettels melted and kept for this new ãâã which ãâã at last ãâã was ãâã ãâã great store of ââ¦ges and ââ¦old pââ¦leges and the new towne of S. Albons dayly more and more increased famous as well for the ãâã as also for two notââ¦ble ãâã ãâã fought there ãâã ãâã the ãâã betwixt the two great hââ¦uses of Yorkâ⦠and ãâã Thus much of Veroââ¦ne whereof more might be said which for ãâã saâ⦠ãâã Bishopâ⦠Hatfield or Hethfield Iohn Morton bishop of Ely builded thââ¦re a house which nowe belongeth to her ãâã ãâã ãâã as Leland ãâã belonged once to thâ⦠ãâã ãâã Berââ¦yers from theâ⦠to the Howards Thâ⦠ãâã ãâã ãâã suspectââ¦g that a towâ⦠of the house would ââ¦all by reason of the height tooke downe a part therof And king Henrie the eight making an exchange with the Duke newly reedââ¦ed the house sincâ⦠whose time it is honââ¦red with the title of a Barâ⦠which Henry Cary Lord Chamberlaine of her Muestâ⦠houshold ââ¦efetenant of Northfolke and Suffolke and Captaine of Barwike at this day enioyeth Hartford called by Antonine the Romans Durocobriuas the ãâã or Welââ¦en callââ¦ed waââ¦er Duâ⦠Coâ⦠Briua ãâã ãâã them as also ãâã the ãâã ãâã signifieth ouer the water as Briua Odera Briua Iââ¦ara which signifie passages ouer riuers of the same name The Saxons called it Herudford as in one booke remaining with Iohn Stowe a diligent ââ¦earcher and ââ¦reseruer of antiââ¦ties it is written Hââ¦ford Bedâ⦠in the fourth booke of his ãâã history ââ¦neth how Theodorus Archbishop of Canterbâ⦠held ãâã ãâã or proââ¦ciall counsell at Herudford Anno. 670. but now it is corruptly as I thinke called Hartford which Leland interpreteth Cerâ⦠vadâ⦠the toord of ãâã it hath ãâã in olde time of good account as well by ãâã of the ãâã also of the ãâã the Castel was ãâã first by Edââ¦ard ãâã in the ninth yeare of his raige as Henry Hunââ¦gton saith whose wordes ãâã ãâã Anno. ãâã sui construxâ⦠Hââ¦refordium castrum noâ⦠ãâã sed pulcheriââ¦um tamen inter ãâã ãâã ãâã ãâã ãâã ãâã sed clarissima tamen This castle hath ãâã ãâã by the Clares and then by the Dukes of Lancaster for Roger de Clare in Henry the second his time was created Erle of Hartford And Robert Fitzwalter that came of the same house in king Steuens time did boldly affirme that the keeping of the Castle did of right belong vnto him Henry the third gaue the Castle with the honour belonging to it to William Ualence Erle of Penbroke Anno. 1247. After it fell to the Dukes of Lancaster who vsed to lodge at it verie often In the yeare of our Lord 1357 the Queene of Scottes sister to king Edward the third departed this life lying at Hartford with her sister in law the Queene of England and in the yeare 1458 for a fray made in Fleetestreet in London the king sent the principals of Clifford Furniuall and Barnardes In as prisoners to Hartford castle King Henry the sixt vsed often to keepe his Christmas there and to conclude king Edward the sixt was nursed and schooled there The priorie was builded by Ralfe Lord Lymesoy who came into England with William the Conquerour and was as the Monkes reported his sisters sonne The townesmen of late haue procured to themselues a new corporation and haue on the Saterday a good market and euery yeare three faires In Edward the 3. time as I haue seene in an olde record they had two markets in the weeke and but two fayres In the time of Henry the eight viz. 1507 there was a paper Mill at Hartford and belonged to Iohn Tate whose father was Mayor of London Waltham a market towne the Abbay was builded by king Harold who shortly after hee had built it was slaine by William the conqueror his mother with great and earnest siââ¦e obtained his body and intoumbed the same in the Abbay Aelners Crosse coÌmonly called Waltham crosse K. Henry the first set it vp in memory of his wife who died in Lincolnshire and wheresoeuer her body was caried there hee erected a crosse with the armes of England Castile and Pontoys geuen ââ¦n the same of which the crosse in Chepe and Charing crosse be two of the fayrest TO HIS BELOUED FATHER IOHN Valans W. U. wisheth the grace of God with health and prosperitie THe dutie deare Father I owe vnto you the regard of my promise together with the remeÌbrance of your reasonable request doo not a litle mooue me to write a few words concerning the matter whereof at my being with you last weââ¦th certaine of our friendes talked Aâ⦠ãâã am well
assured that you reââ¦member what a styr N. B. kept when I said that shippeâ⦠had bene at Ware affyrming how it was vnpossible that that riuer which but of late was scarce able to beare a smal whyrrie shold in times past beare big and mighty ships Truly his wordes were many great but his reasons were smal And since that at that time I promised to send you in a letter a plaine and euident prooffe of those words which there I vttered I doubt not but in these few lines fully to satisfie not only your request but also your mind and confirme you in that opinion which fewe men vnlesse such as be altogether ignorant of the matter and of the place wil denie And for so much as the cause for which the ships went thether and what they did there then will I plainly prooue both by auchoritie and examples that it is likey that they were ther. Lastly I wil as my promise was shew you about what time and by whome Ware was builded That Shippes haue bene at Ware THe Danes who as Polidor Virgill saith dwelled in olde time beyond Ister but now be they inhabitants of the Germane Ocean or Denmark perceiuing how that their Country was ouermuch pressed with the great multitude of people y t in habited y e same determined to subdue the land to driue out y e Englishmen and to plant themselues and thââ¦ir posterity for euer ãâã the same for perfourming and accomplishing whereof they armed great store of chosen souldiers who about the yeare 832. in 34. shippes entered the riuer of Thames landed by great force spoiled fired wasted the country so far that Egbert who then was king of the more part of England was fame with an hoast of men to succour and relieue hââ¦s dââ¦stressed subiectes But such was the will of God for the punishment of sinne that then was rise that the kinge ioining battaile with the Danes was by them discomfited and put to flight After this battââ¦ile the Danes were so encouraged that they ãâã out of theââ¦e countrie like fââ¦armes of Bees ãâã that if ãâã one weeke there were fiue thousand of theiâ⦠ãâã yet in the werke following ther would come eight thousand more to supply their roomes They were oftentime discomfited and the greater part of them driuen bââ¦ke by diuers ââ¦akant kinges and princes buâ⦠yet by reason of their often arriuall therr force was still increased and maintained One while they arriued in one place then in another spoiling burning killing all they could come by Iâ⦠were too long to tell and verie grieuous it is to thinke how religion was decaied learning forgotten all partes quarters of the Realme wasted and spoiled howe cities townes churches abbeââ¦s religious ââ¦ouses were consumed with fire flame how miserablie the Commons were afflicted how pitifully men women and children and all fortes of people went to wracke how wonderfully the kinges themselues were amased the conââ¦ing of their enemies being both suddaine and violent how crââ¦elly fire and sword famine and death raged thorow out the land heauen and earth intending as it were the fatall destruction and vtter dcay of the realme This miserie continued the space of 300 and ddde yeares within which yeares namely about the yeare of our Lord 217 the 23 yeare of King Alfreds rââ¦ns a great armie of Danes hauing reââ¦eiued an ouerthrow at a place caââ¦ed Buââ¦tington beside Seuethe fled into east England and there wintered and prepared a great hoast againe out of Northumberland and other places leauing there their wiues and children together with their money shippes and munition in east England and with great speed got to the Citie of ãâã which at that ââ¦e was deââ¦late the inhabââ¦tes hauing for feare of the Danes forsaââ¦en it or euer king Alfred Ethered the vnder king with their armies could ouertake theâ⦠And yet such was the ãâã that king Alfred ãâã ãâã this pursâ⦠that or euer his enemââ¦es had ãâã the ãâã he wââ¦th hââ¦s companie tooke a great deale of their cââ¦riage with all the booties of ãâã and other thinges that they in their iourney by robbing and spoyling had obtained and driuen away Hee also besieged the citie two or three daies but perceââ¦uing it woulde finally auaile he was faââ¦ne a grieuous thing to heare to burn vp the greatest pate of the corne that grewe there aboutes and bestow the rest amongst his horses least his enemies shoulde haue the fruit and commoditie thereof The Danes perceiuing that and seeing there was nothing left whereof they might liue in those partes departed from thence and in great hasââ¦e got them to north Wales where they spoyled and hartied the countrie farre and neere driuing away great booties of Cartel and carrieng with them rich spoiles From hence they departed And because for feare of the Mercians they durst not traueile that way they coasted along the countrie till they came to Northumberland and so through middle England taking theâ⦠shippes their wââ¦ues children out of cast England with them they arriued at a little Island scââ¦uate in the Sea in the east part of Essex called Merseyge From thence they departed and came into the riuer of Thames and seeing that Winter was now at hand they drew or rowed their shippes vp the riuer Lygean And twentie miles from London they began to buylde a Fort which being finished they taried there all that wynter spoyling robbing and burning those quarters without mercy When Winter was past a great part of the Citizens of London with those that inhabited neere thereaboutes traueiled thether and by force minded to breake downe the Fort or munition which they had there buylded But the Danes stoutlye resisted them and not far from the place gaue them a sharpe battaile where the Christians were put to flight and foure of King Alfreds men were slaine Thus the pagane or heathen Danes remained Lordes or maisters of those quarters compelling the husbandmen to eare and till the ground meaning themselues to reape the commoditie of it But the good King Alfred who alwaies was carefull for the welfare of his subiectes gathered an armie and before haruest time pitched his tents neer to the place of their abode By whose comming the enemies were so affraid that they durst not once peepe out of their hold to fetch either cattell or corne out of the fields by force In this space it happened on a time as the King rode alongst by the riuer side he viewed the water and perceiued how that in some places of it the chanell might easily bee stopped and the streame made lesse Whereupon he as Huntington writeth caused it to bee cut into three seuerall braunches or armes but howsoeuer it was hee so weakened the streame that the Danes could not bring back their ships the same way they came Which thing the Danes perceiuing and knowing well it was in vaine for them to abide any longer there they left their Shippes and fled by