Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	king_n	reign_n	richard_n	2,777	5	8.4476	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A69599	The proposal for the raising of the silver coin of England, from 60 pence in the ounce to 75 pence, considered; vvith the consequences thereof.	Bohun, Edmund, 1645-1699.	1696 (1696)	Wing B3458B; ESTC R23296	9,486	14

extrinsic_a value_n of_o a_o ounce_n of_o sterling_a silver_n be_v hard_o to_o be_v now_o fix_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a abuse_n of_o our_o english_a coin_n yet_o without_o question_n it_o be_v not_o of_o the_o four_o part_n of_o that_o value_n that_o it_o be_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o q._n mary_n reign_n and_o it_o be_v as_o certain_a that_o there_o be_v but_o a_o small_a difference_n of_o 2_o d._n or_o 3_o d._n at_o most_o between_o a_o ounce_n of_o sterling_n bullion_n and_o a_o ounce_n of_o sterling_a money_n be_v it_o clip_v or_o unclipped_a suppose_v this_o project_n of_o raise_v the_o money_n shall_v succeed_v that_o which_o be_v now_o but_o 15_o s._n sterling_n will_v by_o the_o law_n be_v call_v a_o pound_n and_o if_o 4_o s._n be_v raise_v upon_o every_o such_o pound_n than_o the_o remainder_n will_v be_v but_o 11_o s._n which_o with_o the_o reparition_n will_v come_v but_o to_o 10_o so_o that_o by_o it_o one_o half_a of_o our_o estate_n will_v be_v take_v from_o we_o though_o the_o charge_n be_v but_o equal_a to_o that_o of_o the_o last_o year_n that_o land_n in_o my_o own_o estate_n that_o be_v rent_v at_o 1_o s._n per_fw-la ann._n in_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n iv._o have_v for_o many_o year_n last_o pass_v be_v rent_n at_o 20_o s._n and_o this_o be_v another_o effect_n of_o the_o increase_n of_o money_n in_o england_n since_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o west-indies_n which_o happen_v after_o the_o time_n of_o that_o prince_n we_o may_v well_o suppose_v that_o the_o rent_n of_o those_o time_n bear_v a_o proportion_n to_o the_o plenty_n of_o money_n as_o they_o do_v now_o for_o where_o money_n be_v scarce_o there_o land_n will_v be_v cheap_a and_o so_o on_o the_o contrary_n and_o when_o the_o nation_n grow_v rich_a by_o the_o peace_n of_o spain_n and_o the_o trade_n that_o follow_v upon_o it_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o james_n i._o the_o land_n become_v of_o double_a the_o value_n they_o be_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o q._n eliz._n only_o by_o bring_v so_o much_o of_o the_o spanish_a silver_n and_o gold_n into_o england_n for_o beside_o what_o we_o draw_v thence_o by_o our_o trade_n all_o the_o money_n that_o be_v send_v from_o spain_n to_o maintain_v the_o wat_n with_o the_o dutch_a in_o flanders_n come_v by_o the_o way_n of_o england_n and_o as_o fast_o as_o it_o come_v in_o be_v send_v to_o the_o tower_n to_o be_v mint_v so_o that_o whereas_o in_o all_o the_o long_a reign_n of_o q._n eliz._n there_o be_v bus_fw-la little_a above_o 4_o million_o in_o the_o first_o 12_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n 1558014_o l._n 9_o s._n 9_o d._n which_o be_v much_o more_o than_o be_v coin_v in_o her_o time_n in_o so_o short_a a_o space_n if_o the_o money_n fetch_v out_o of_o the_o debase_v money_n mint_v by_o her_o father_n and_o brother_n be_v deduct_v as_o of_o right_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v yet_o this_o turn_v much_o more_o to_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o merchant_n shopkeeper_n and_o tradesman_n than_o to_o that_o of_o the_o crown_n church_n nobility_n and_o land_a gentry_n the_o revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n the_o custom_n except_v be_v reduce_v to_o one_o three_o part_n of_o what_o they_o have_v ancient_o be_v and_o that_o too_o be_v sink_v in_o its_o exrrinsive_a value_n as_o i_o have_v show_v above_o so_o that_o king_n james_n i._o as_o he_o make_v the_o nation_n rich_a than_o any_o of_o his_o predecessor_n have_v do_v by_o his_o peaceable_a reign_n make_v himself_o the_o poor_a king_n that_o ever_o sit_v on_o the_o throne_n of_o england_n and_o this_o poverty_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v the_o occasion_n of_o the_o domestic_a war_n that_o happen_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o his_o son_n the_o nobility_n of_o england_n that_o have_v be_v so_o over_o powerful_a in_o the_o former_a time_n when_o their_o revenue_n be_v pay_v upon_o the_o foot_n of_o a_o pennyweight_n for_o a_o penny_n that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o grapple_v with_o the_o crown_n become_v so_o poor_a by_o the_o raise_n the_o money_n to_o 60_o d._n in_o the_o ounce_n or_o the_o loss_n of_o two_o three_o part_n of_o their_o manor_n that_o they_o retain_v only_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o ancestor_n but_o have_v very_o little_a of_o the_o power_n and_o splendour_n that_o attend_v they_o the_o gentry_n too_o though_o they_o escape_v better_a at_o first_o because_o they_o have_v more_o of_o the_o land_n in_o their_o hand_n which_o they_o raise_v the_o rent_n of_o which_o the_o other_o can_v not_o do_v by_o their_o manner_n and_o quitrent_n but_o though_o they_o have_v the_o same_o denomination_n of_o money_n have_v indeed_o but_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o silver_n that_o be_v at_o first_o reserve_v and_o pay_v to_o their_o ancestor_n the_o gentry_n i_o say_v too_o be_v overtopped_a by_o the_o more_o wealthy_a merchant_n and_o trades-man_n and_o endeavour_v above_o their_o ability_n to_o keep_v up_o the_o way_n of_o live_v that_o have_v be_v practise_v by_o their_o ancestor_n this_o and_o the_o war_n that_o follow_v and_o the_o immense_a tax_n pay_v since_o the_o war_n begin_v etc._n etc._n have_v entire_o ruin_v many_o of_o the_o ancient_a family_n and_o bring_v the_o rest_n under_o such_o debt_n that_o there_o want_v but_o this_o take_v a_o four_o part_n of_o what_o be_v leave_v and_o the_o heavy_a tax_n that_o must_v be_v keep_v up_o during_o the_o war_n to_o accomplish_v their_o ruin_n too_o the_o church_n whether_o we_o consider_v the_o dignify_v clergy_n or_o the_o parish-priest_n have_v be_v as_o great_a loser_n as_o any_o of_o the_o other_o three_o and_o if_o now_o their_o revenue_n be_v sink_v from_o 20_o s._n to_o 15_o and_o the_o old_a rent_n of_o their_o manor_n and_o the_o custom_n in_o their_o parish_n stand_v as_o now_o they_o be_v the_o service_n of_o god_n in_o many_o place_n will_v whole_o fail_v for_o want_v of_o a_o subsistance_n for_o the_o minister_n and_o some_o of_o our_o bishopric_n that_o be_v now_o but_o low_o will_v find_v no_o body_n that_o will_v accept_v of_o they_o the_o love_n i_o have_v for_o my_o native_a country_n have_v force_v i_o to_o lay_v these_o consideration_n before_o my_o superior_n who_o perhaps_o in_o the_o multiplicity_n of_o their_o other_o great_a affair_n may_v not_o of_o a_o sudden_a have_v all_o those_o thing_n represent_v by_o their_o memory_n to_o they_o which_o they_o otherwise_o well_o know_v and_o i_o pretend_v to_o no_o more_o than_o to_o be_v their_o remembrancer_n if_o i_o have_v mistake_v in_o any_o thing_n i_o humble_o submit_v it_o to_o the_o correction_n of_o my_o superior_n and_o pray_v that_o at_o least_o i_o may_v not_o be_v treat_v for_o this_o my_o charity_n to_o my_o country_n as_o have_v before_o be_v on_o all_o occasion_n for_o no_o other_o cause_o that_o i_o know_v of_o finis_fw-la it_o be_v now_o aver_v that_o bullion_n in_o holland_n be_v but_o 5_o s._n 2_o d._n the_o ounce_n 1_o phi._n &_o mary_n c._n 5._o 1_o jam._n 1._o 25._o

the_o proposal_n for_o the_o raise_v of_o the_o silver_n coin_n of_o england_n from_o 60_o penny_n in_o the_o ounce_n to_o 75_o penny_n consider_v with_o the_o consequence_n thereof_o london_n print_v for_o richard_n cumberland_n at_o the_o angel_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n mdcxcvi_o the_o proposal_n for_o the_o raise_v the_o silver_n coin_n of_o england_n from_o 60_o penny_n in_o the_o ounce_n to_o 75_o penny_n consider_v with_o the_o consequence_n thereof_o the_o protence_n for_o this_o be_v that_o bullion_n be_v bona_fw-la side_n at_o this_o time_n worth_a six_o shilling_n and_o three_o penny_n of_o the_o best_a of_o our_o english_a money_n though_o neither_o wear_v nor_o clip_v now_o if_o this_o be_v true_a than_o ounce_n the_o consequence_n of_o it_o be_v that_o a_o ounce_n of_o sterling_a silver_n be_v make_v one_o shilling_n worse_o than_o it_o be_v before_o by_o have_v the_o king_n stamp_n put_v upon_o it_o yet_o this_o ounce_n of_o silver_n may_v again_o be_v reduce_v to_o bullion_n as_o it_o be_v before_o for_o two_o penny_n this_o assertion_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n may_v easy_o be_v confute_v by_o try_v how_o much_o bullion_n or_o spanish_a piece_n of_o eight_o may_v be_v have_v for_o a_o mill_v five_o shilling-piece_n of_o full_a weight_n for_o by_o that_o the_o trial_n be_v to_o be_v make_v and_o not_o by_o clip_v or_o overworn_a old_a money_n for_o the_o refiner_n and_o goldsmith_n will_v ever_o consider_v the_o weight_n and_o fineness_n of_o the_o money_n he_o be_v to_o take_v for_o his_o plate_n or_o bullion_n i_o believe_v it_o be_v very_o hard_a for_o human_a understanding_n to_o conceive_v how_o a_o ounce_n of_o mill'd-mony_n of_o the_o standard-allay_a shall_v be_v make_v one_o penny_n the_o worse_a by_o have_v the_o king_n stamp_n put_v upon_o it_o except_o it_o be_v by_o deprive_v man_n thereby_o of_o the_o liberty_n to_o transport_v melt_v or_o otherwise_o use_v it_o as_o they_o think_v fit_a as_o they_o may_v have_v do_v before_o it_o have_v that_o stamp_n and_o then_o perhaps_o it_o be_v better_a to_o allow_v man_n that_o liberty_n which_o will_v occasion_v the_o bring_v more_o bullion_n to_o the_o mint_n than_o the_o raise_n the_o denomination_n of_o the_o species_n ever_o will_n man_n love_v to_o have_v in_o their_o own_o hand_n the_o disposal_n of_o what_o be_v their_o own_o and_o will_v not_o easy_o be_v tempt_v to_o deprive_v themselves_o of_o that_o liberty_n though_o there_o be_v many_o thing_n allege_v as_o cause_n of_o this_o rise_n of_o the_o bullion_n at_o this_o time_n as_o the_o scarcity_n of_o money_n and_o bullion_n the_o overbalance_n of_o our_o trade_n the_o exchange_n run_v high_a against_o we_o abroad_o etc._n etc._n yet_o the_o only_a true_a reason_n why_o a_o ounce_n of_o bullion_n be_v worth_a a_o shilling_n more_o than_o 5_o shilling_n of_o our_o miinted-mony_n be_v the_o clip_v corrupt_v and_o wear_v of_o our_o old_a minted-mony_n by_o which_o it_o be_v make_v of_o real_a less_o value_n above_o the_o proportion_n of_o one_o shilling_n in_o the_o ounce_n and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o plate_n buy_v at_o 6_o shilling_n and_o three_o penny_n the_o ounce_n beside_o the_o make_n have_v yet_o after_o all_o weigh_v as_o much_o again_o as_o the_o money_n that_o be_v give_v for_o it_o so_o that_o it_o be_v a_o wonder_n to_o i_o the_o goldsmith_n have_v not_o raise_v his_o plate_n to_o ten_o shilling_n the_o ounce_n for_o so_o much_o it_o be_v worth_a when_o it_o be_v pay_v for_o in_o such_o clip_v money_n beside_o the_o make_n this_o method_n have_v nevertheless_o one_o signal_n benefit_n and_o piece_n of_o justice_n in_o it_o which_o ought_v however_o to_o be_v take_v care_n of_o if_o it_o be_v reject_v which_o be_v the_o payment_n of_o all_o public_a and_o private_a debt_n in_o a_o sort_n of_o money_n more_o proportionable_a to_o the_o money_n lend_v than_o that_o of_o the_o old_a standard_n be_v it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o all_o the_o money_n lend_v since_o the_o revolution_n be_v not_o of_o much_o more_o than_o half_a the_o weight_n it_o ought_v to_o have_v have_v and_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n that_o beside_o a_o exorbitant_a usury_n freedom_n from_o tax_n at_o this_o time_n etc._n etc._n these_o man_n shall_v receive_v at_o last_o two_o ounce_n of_o silver_n for_o every_o one_o they_o lend_v for_o so_o it_o will_v be_v if_o the_o money_n be_v keep_v upon_o the_o old_a foot_n and_o up_o to_o the_o standard_n when_o it_o be_v pay_v in_o have_v mention_v this_o i_o pass_v in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o consider_v the_o effect_n it_o will_v have_v upon_o the_o royal_a revenue_n and_o the_o private_a estate_n of_o the_o subject_a the_o book_n of_o rate_n have_v fix_v the_o sum_n the_o king_n be_v to_o have_v for_o all_o sort_n of_o good_n export_v and_o import_v he_o will_v certain_o lose_v 25_o per_fw-la cent._n in_o all_o his_o custom_n of_o what_o by_o law_n he_o ought_v to_o have_v and_o yet_o it_o will_v soon_o appear_v the_o merchant_n will_v not_o sell_v he_o any_o thing_n one_o penny_n the_o cheap_a for_o he_o will_v raise_v his_o good_n on_o some_o pretence_n or_o other_o as_o much_o as_o the_o money_n be_v raise_v well_o know_v that_o in_o 75_o such_o penny_n there_o be_v but_o one_o ounce_n of_o silver_n and_o the_o same_o effect_n will_v attend_v all_o his_o other_o revenue_n in_o every_o branch_n of_o it_o to_o the_o utter_a ruin_n of_o the_o crown_n which_o as_o his_o majesty_n say_v in_o his_o last_o speech_n be_v not_o able_a to_o maintain_v the_o civil_a list_n as_o thing_n now_o stand_v without_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o commons_o the_o same_o effect_n will_v follow_v upon_o all_o the_o manor_n rent_n of_o assize_n quitrent_n and_o fee-farm_n rent_n in_o who_o hand_n soever_o they_o be_v when_o these_o rent_n be_v first_o set_v a_o penny_n be_v a_o penny_n weight_n of_o silver_n which_o as_o mr._n lownd_v right_o assert_n pag._n 17._o of_o his_o essay_n be_v three_o time_n as_o much_o as_o now_o it_o be_v and_o so_o it_o continue_v to_o the_o 27_o of_o edward_n iii_o when_o the_o pound_n weight_n of_o silver_n be_v 12_o ounce_n troy_n weight_n be_v raise_v from_o twenty_o shilling_n to_o twenty_o five_o shilling_n which_o in_o the_o 9th_o of_o henry_n v._o be_v again_o raise_v to_o thirty_o shilling_n the_o pound_n weight_n in_o the_o one_a of_o henry_n vi._n it_o be_v raise_v to_o thirty_o seven_o shilling_n and_o six_o penny_n but_o in_o the_o four_o of_o that_o king_n reign_n it_o be_v again_o lower_v to_o thirty_o shilling_n and_o in_o the_o 49th_o year_n it_o be_v again_o raise_v to_o thirty_o seven_o shilling_n and_o six_o penny_n in_o the_o one_a of_o henry_n viii_o it_o be_v raise_v to_o forty_o five_o shilling_n by_o tale_n which_o be_v double_a the_o proportion_n it_o bear_v in_o the_o reign_v of_o edward_n i._n two_o and_o iii_o and_o so_o on_o to_o the_o 9th_o of_o henry_n v._o so_o that_o by_o this_o time_n all_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n have_v lose_v in_o their_o manor_n and_o quitrent_n the_o one_o half_a of_o their_o income_n and_o five_o shilling_n over_o in_o the_o pound_n troy_n in_o all_o the_o former_a raise_v the_o money_n of_o england_n if_o the_o history_n of_o england_n be_v consult_v it_o will_v appear_v that_o they_o be_v time_n of_o great_a trouble_n when_o the_o nation_n have_v be_v exhaust_v by_o foreign_a or_o domestic_a war_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v probable_a the_o same_o reason_n be_v use_v to_o persuade_v both_o prince_n and_o people_n to_o consent_v to_o it_o that_o be_v use_v now_o but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n it_o be_v wonderful_a that_o none_o of_o these_o prince_n shall_v consider_v that_o as_o they_o raise_v the_o money_n they_o abate_v their_o revenue_n that_o rise_v make_v in_o the_o one_a of_o henry_n viii_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v the_o most_o causeless_a of_o all_o that_o prince_n be_v leave_v exceed_v rich_a by_o his_o father_n and_o not_o have_v any_o war_n at_o home_n or_o abroad_o to_o occasion_v it_o in_o the_o 34th_o year_n he_o raise_v the_o coin_n to_o forty_o eight_o shilling_n in_o the_o pound_n weight_n of_o silver_n though_o there_o be_v but_o 10_o ounce_n fine_a silver_n and_o 2_o ounce_n base_a after_o this_o time_n the_o corruption_n of_o the_o money_n grow_v so_o fast_o that_o in_o the_o one_a of_o edward_n vi_o there_o be_v 8_o ounce_n alloy_n to_o 4_o of_o fine_a silver_n and_o in_o the_o 5_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o put_v nine_o ounce_n allay_v to_o three_o of_o fine_a silver_n which_o raise_v twelve_o ounce_n of_o fine_a silver_n to_o 14_o l._n 8._o s._n and_o thereby_o the_o mischief_n become_v so_o sensible_a that_o the_o next_o year_n after_o he_o