Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	king_n	queen_n	spain_n	7,368	5	8.4419	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A91327	Of a free trade. A discourse seriously recommending to our nation the wonderfull benefits of trade, especially of a rightly governed, and ordered trade. Setting forth also most clearly, the relative nature, degrees, and qualifications of libertie, which is ever to be inlarged, or restrained according to that good, which it relates to, as that is more, or lesse ample. / Written by Henry Parker Esquire.	Parker, Henry, 1604-1652.	1648 (1648)	Wing P414; Thomason E425_18; ESTC R203127	31,727	50

as_o our_o trade_n can_v be_v call_v a_o engross_a trade_n or_o a_o monopoly_n in_o respect_n of_o any_o other_o of_o its_o privilege_n or_o power_n so_o neither_o can_v it_o be_v accuse_v thereof_o in_o regard_n of_o our_o covinous_a false_a deal_n in_o merchandise_n it_o be_v true_a our_o company_n in_o cue_n elizabeth_n day_n find_v much_o opposition_n from_o the_o hanse_n town_n and_o in_o that_o bando_fw-la which_o be_v procure_v against_o we_o to_o remove_v we_o from_o stadt_n the_o main_a pretence_n be_v monopoly_n use_v by_o the_o english_a merchant_n but_o for_o a_o further_a account_n of_o that_o matter_n we_o be_v to_o be_v inform_v that_o the_o hanse_n town_n have_v ancient_o by_o their_o great_a skill_n in_o merchandise_n make_v themselves_o very_o famous_a and_o procure_v to_o themselves_o privilege_n in_o many_o country_n among_o other_o nation_n also_o that_o do_v privilege_v they_o the_o english_a be_v not_o the_o last_o or_o least_o in_o london_n therefore_o they_o have_v the_o steelyard_n assign_v they_o with_o power_n to_o exercise_v merchant_n law_n there_o for_o their_o own_o better_a regulation_n and_o among_o many_o other_o old_a immunity_n they_o be_v to_o pay_v for_o ware_n bring_v in_o and_o carry_v out_o one_o and_o a_o quarter_n per_fw-la centum_fw-la custom_n and_o no_o more_o this_o custom_n while_o the_o chief_a trade_n of_o the_o land_n be_v in_o wool_n undrape_v be_v no_o great_a loss_n to_o we_o but_o after_o that_o the_o full_a art_n of_o clothing_n be_v make_v we_o in_o ed_n the_o 3d_n day_n and_o the_o wool_n trade_n be_v almost_o quite_o decay_v our_o state_n find_v that_o it_o lose_v exceed_o by_o pass_v out_o cloth_n at_o the_o old_a custom_n and_o that_o the_o hanse_n town_n privilege_n be_v diverse_a otherways_o abuse_v to_o our_o public_a detriment_n hereupon_o after_o some_o contest_v ed_n the_o 6_o reign_a anno_fw-la 1550._o the_o say_a privilege_n be_v look_v into_o and_o find_v both_o defective_a in_o themselves_o and_o also_o forfeit_v by_o diverse_a breach_n of_o condition_n the_o formality_n of_o their_o incorporation_n be_v so_o void_a that_o none_o can_v safe_o contract_v with_o they_o and_o therefore_o be_v detect_v of_o diverse_a injury_n in_o colour_v of_o foreign_a good_n not_o within_o the_o verge_n of_o their_o privilege_n and_o other_o falsehood_n it_o appear_v that_o they_o be_v such_o a_o uncertain_a misconstituted_a body_n that_o they_o be_v not_o liable_a to_o any_o account_n nor_o answerable_a for_o any_o trespass_n this_o procure_v a_o judgement_n to_o annul_v and_o abrogate_v the_o hanse_n town_n privilege_n and_o in_o anno_fw-la 1557._o under_o phil_n and_o mary_n our_o custom_n be_v improve_v from_o 14._o d._n to_o 6._o s._n 8._o d._n per_fw-la cloth_n payable_a by_o the_o english_a and_o 13._o s._n 4._o d._n by_o stranger_n and_o this_o improvement_n do_v but_o equal_a the_o old_a custom_n of_o wool_n undrape_v till_o the_o death_n of_o q_n mary_n while_o spain_n and_o england_n be_v unite_v the_o hanse_n town_n see_v their_o profit_n so_o far_o impair_v and_o trade_n in_o england_n in_o so_o good_a a_o measure_n advance_v gr●w_o sullen_o envious_a but_o dare_v attempt_v nothing_o nevertheless_o anno_fw-la 1564_o when_o queen_n elizabeth_n be_v at_o enmity_n with_o the_o spaniard_n with_o more_o resume_v courage_n the_o hanse_n town_n labour_v to_o suppress_v the_o growth_n of_o our_o merchandise_n and_o therefore_o to_o make_v the_o king_n of_o spain_n their_o abettor_n against_o we_o in_o germany_n and_o the_o netherlander_n they_o make_v themselves_o party_n against_o we_o in_o spain_n by_o furnish_v arm_n ammunition_n etc._n etc._n thus_o some_o act_n of_o hostility_n be_v do_v on_o both_o side_n queen_n elizabeth_n in_o a_o defensive_a way_n seize_v some_o of_o their_o ship_n send_v to_o supply_v the_o spaniard_n and_o the_o spaniard_n at_o their_o solicitation_n banish_v we_o out_o of_o the_o low_a country_n and_o cause_v we_o to_o be_v interdict_v germany_n also_o anno_fw-la 1567._o the_o english_a merchant_n be_v expel_v out_o of_o the_o netherlands_o contract_v for_o entertainment_n at_o hamburgh_n for_o 10_o year_n these_o 10_o year_n be_v expire_v no_o long_o residence_n can_v be_v have_v there_o inasmuch_o as_o all_o the_o hanse_n town_n can_v not_o enjoy_v we_o whole_o to_o themselves_o and_o for_o any_o one_o to_o enjoy_v we_o they_o think_v it_o unequal_a and_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o rest_n from_o hamburgh_n we_o remove_v to_o embden_n and_o there_o the_o same_o party_n prosecute_v and_o renew_v their_o clamour_n of_o a_o monopolise_a trade_n in_o the_o english_a a_o new_a edict_n from_o the_o emperor_n anno_fw-la 1582._o be_v thunder_v out_o against_o we_o the_o grave_a of_o embden_n nothing_o trouble_v at_o this_o edict_n send_v his_o chancellor_n doctor_n moller_n since_o syndicus_n of_o hamburgh_n to_o the_o spiers_n who_o there_o defend_v the_o english_a trade_n against_o the_o slanderous_a imputation_n of_o monopoly_n and_o for_o a_o while_n give_v such_o satisfaction_n that_o the_o emperor_n edict_n be_v not_o put_v in_o execution_n against_o we_o queen_n elizabeth_n also_o in_o 1595._o write_v thus_o to_o the_o emperor_n monopolium_n de_fw-fr quo_fw-la hanseatici_fw-la subditos_fw-la nostros_fw-la criminantur_fw-la calumniae_fw-la potius_fw-la quam_fw-la verae_fw-la accusationis_fw-la rationem_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la ferre_fw-la videtur_fw-la to_o wipe_v off_o this_o calumny_n we_o can_v also_o instance_n in_o several_a letter_n of_o attestation_n under_o the_o common_a seal_n of_o antwerp_n midlebourgh_n embden_n stadt_n justify_v our_o fair_a and_o just_a manner_n of_o trade_v and_o if_o such_o legible_a proof_n be_v not_o so_o available_a we_o can_v appeal_v to_o all_o the_o place_n where_o ever_o we_o reside_v as_o so_o many_o visible_a argument_n prove_v full_o for_o we_o that_o our_o way_n of_o traffic_n have_v not_o be_v only_o blameless_a and_o just_a but_o also_o strange_o fortunate_a and_o propitious_a from_o embden_n for_o the_o spaniard_n prevail_v in_o freisland_n have_v now_o make_v those_o part_n dangerous_a to_o we_o we_o betake_v ourselves_o to_o stadt_n and_o there_o we_o continue_v till_o 1597._o so_o desirous_a be_v each_o of_o the_o hanse_n town_n single_o to_o have_v harbour_v we_o if_o all_o joint_o have_v not_o envy_v that_o single_a advantage_n and_o be_v there_o then_o disaccommodate_v 10._o or_o 11._o of_o the_o chief_a town_n under_o the_o state_n send_v to_o invite_v we_o and_o make_v offer_n of_o large_a accommodation_n among_o they_o we_o may_v further_o take_v notice_n that_o ed_n the_o 6_o reserve_v for_o the_o hanse_n town_n after_o forfeiture_n of_o their_o privilege_n as_o ample_a a_o freedom_n of_o commerce_n as_o for_o any_o stranger_n whatsoever_o that_o queen_n mary_n restore_v the_o say_a town_n upon_o engagement_n that_o their_o inordinate_a trade_n shall_v be_v forbear_v and_o this_o engagement_n be_v violate_v she_o yield_v to_o a_o new_a treaty_n about_o a_o fit_a moderation_n of_o their_o intercourse_n yet_o the_o hanse_n town_n do_v not_o only_o neglect_v to_o send_v commissioner_n within_o the_o time_n perfix_v but_o at_o the_o same_o time_n publish_v a_o edict_n at_o lu●eck_n prohibit_v all_o trade_n with_o the_o english_a queen_n mary_n for_o her_o husband_n sake_n be_v much_o a_o friend_n to_o the_o austrian_a family_n and_o for_o the_o austrian_n sake_n to_o these_o easterling_n and_o therefore_o she_o offer_v again_o another_o treaty_n in_o 1557._o but_o this_o offer_n be_v reject_v likewise_o with_o a_o opprobrious_a pretence_n that_o in_o england_n they_o can_v expect_v no_o competent_a judge_n of_o their_o cause_n if_o they_o dare_v not_o trust_v their_o cause_n to_o england_n in_o q_n mary_n day_n because_o it_o be_v a_o monarchy_n than_o they_o judge_v dishonourable_o of_o all_o monarchy_n if_o they_o make_v no_o difference_n of_o monarchy_n but_o diffide_v in_o it_o because_o it_o be_v a_o foreign_a state_n where_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v their_o own_o judge_n this_o reflect_v also_o upon_o all_o foreign_a state_n but_o the_o truth_n be_v they_o have_v a_o ill_a cause_n and_o so_o be_v diffident_a of_o all_o judge_n but_o themselves_o howsoever_o queen_n elizabeth_n in_o 1560._o offer_v yet_o a_o new_a moderation_n and_o this_o not_o accept_v of_o from_o the_o beginning_n of_o her_o reign_n she_o command_v they_o shall_v be_v use_v here_o as_o she_o own_o subject_n and_o better_a than_o any_o other_o foreigner_n this_o be_v also_o most_o certain_a till_o she_o see_v her_o subject_n drive_v from_o hamburgh_n in_o 1578._o and_o a_o exaction_n of_o 7_o ¼_o per_fw-la centum_fw-la set_v upon_o all_o english_a good_n at_o lunenburgh_n in_o 1579._o and_o all_o the_o english_a general_o ill_a treat_v at_o dantzig_n deventer_n etc._n etc._n and_o not_o only_o her_o enemy_n of_o spain_n assist_v by_o they_o but_o other_o prince_n also_o exasperate_v against_o she_o she_o make_v

of_o a_o free_a trade_n a_o discourse_n serious_o recommend_v to_o our_o nation_n the_o wonderful_a benefit_n of_o trade_n especial_o of_o a_o right_o govern_v and_o order_a trade_n set_v forth_o also_o most_o clear_o the_o relative_n nature_n degree_n and_o qualification_n of_o liberty_n which_o be_v ever_o to_o be_v enlarge_v or_o restrain_v according_a to_o that_o good_a which_o it_o relate_v to_o as_o that_o be_v more_o or_o less_o ample_a write_a by_o henry_n parker_n esquire_n {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o do_v all_o thing_n thou_o do_v none_o business_n too_o vast_a make_v thou_o a_o drone_n london_n print_v by_o fr_n neile_n for_o robert_n bostock_n dwell_v in_o paul_n churchyard_n at_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o king_n head_n 1648._o to_o the_o right_n worshipful_a john_n kenrick_n alderman_n of_o london_n governor_n of_o the_o merchant_n adventurer_n of_o england_n to_o the_o right_n worshipful_a isaac_n lee_n deputy_n of_o the_o say_a company_n of_o merchant_n adventurer_n reside_v at_o hamburgh_n to_o all_o other_o deputy_n assistant_n and_o member_n of_o the_o say_a famous_a company_n worthy_a gentleman_n if_o in_o this_o brief_a argument_n which_o here_o treat_v of_o your_o charter_n and_o maintain_v your_o privilege_n there_o be_v any_o thing_n beseem_v a_o advocate_n of_o you_o i_o desire_v the_o entire_a advantage_n thereof_o may_v redound_v sole_o to_o yourselves_o for_o indeed_o the_o merit_n of_o your_o cause_n be_v such_o as_o will_v require_v a_o able_a orator_n and_o when_o i_o first_o apply_v myself_o to_o serve_v you_o herein_o i_o perceive_v your_o interest_n be_v the_o same_o as_o the_o common_a interest_n of_o all_o merchant_n and_o that_o can_v have_v no_o termination_n but_o in_o the_o common_a interest_n of_o our_o nation_n but_o if_o there_o appear_v any_o error_n or_o failure_n in_o these_o paper_n if_o the_o workmanship_n be_v find_v too_o unworthy_a of_o the_o stuff_n i_o shall_v then_o desire_v of_o all_o my_o reader_n that_o the_o blame_n may_v be_v only_o i_o and_o that_o none_o but_o myself_o may_v suffer_v the_o least_o disadvantage_n by_o my_o defect_n and_o disability_n i_o be_o certain_a all_o wise_a impartial_a judge_n will_v distinguish_v betwixt_o that_o which_o be_v i_o in_o this_o weak_a piece_n and_o that_o which_o be_v you_o and_o if_o they_o cast_v some_o disdain_n upon_o i_o for_o not_o plead_v your_o cause_n as_o i_o may_v they_o will_v not_o proceed_v to_o a_o condemnation_n of_o your_o cause_n for_o be_v no_o better_a plead_v here_o then_o it_o be_v in_o queen_n elizabeth_n day_n a_o tract_n to_o this_o very_a purpose_n be_v print_v by_o mr._n wheeler_n a_o learned_a gent_n that_o precede_v i_o in_o this_o place_n be_v that_o tract_n now_o reprint_v perhaps_o our_o time_n will_v be_v better_a satisfy_v in_o this_o case_n it_o come_v not_o to_o my_o fight_n till_o after_o i_o have_v form_v the_o lump_n of_o this_o and_o give_v it_o all_o those_o rude_a lineament_n almost_o which_o it_o now_o bear_v and_o i_o be_v induce_v then_o to_o persist_v in_o my_o resolution_n of_o finish_v this_o and_o not_o of_o retrocede_v the_o rather_o because_o i_o see_v my_o stile_n and_o method_n vary_v much_o from_o he_o because_o the_o face_n of_o the_o time_n which_o have_v great_a influence_n upon_o the_o state_n and_o fate_n of_o merchandise_n be_v not_o the_o same_o when_o he_o write_v as_o it_o be_v now_o ,_o because_o his_o tract_n be_v in_o bulk_n more_o than_o twice_o as_o great_a as_o i_o because_o he_o may_v give_v some_o light_n to_o i_o in_o some_o thing_n and_o i_o add_v some_o to_o he_o in_o other_o thing_n and_o so_o both_o may_v be_v more_o effectual_a for_o the_o end_n propose_v by_o both_o then_o either_o because_o if_o he_o be_v more_o satisfactory_a in_o matter_n of_o this_o particular_a company_n i_o have_v some_o thought_n in_o myself_o that_o i_o be_v more_o proper_a for_o the_o affair_n of_o merchant_n in_o general_a these_o reason_n keep_v from_o abortion_n this_o essay_n of_o i_o at_o that_o time_n but_o for_o how_o long_o a_o space_n it_o be_v reprieve_v i_o can_v prognosticate_v nor_o do_v i_o much_o regard_n how_o soon_o its_o fatal_a hour_n approach_v so_o the_o business_n which_o it_o aim_v at_o may_v survive_v and_o prosper_v gentleman_n my_o reputation_n in_o this_o case_n must_v run_v some_o hazard_n and_o stand_v or_o fall_v as_o the_o vogue_n of_o this_o age_n please_v yet_o my_o intention_n be_v to_o be_v judge_v of_o only_a by_o you_o wherefore_o let_v that_o only_o find_v your_o fair_a acceptation_n and_o favourable_a construction_n and_o that_o shall_v be_v a_o sufficient_a encouragement_n to_o hamb_n decemb._n 30._o 1647._o your_o worship_n oblige_v faithful_a servant_n hen_n parker_n a_o discourse_n concerning_o freedom_n of_o trade_n man_n be_v teach_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o wisdom_n to_o begin_v at_o the_o end_n of_o his_o action_n and_o to_o give_v the_o first_o place_n in_o his_o intention_n to_o that_o which_o be_v to_o have_v the_o last_o in_o execution_n now_o the_o end_n of_o this_o discourse_n be_v improvement_n of_o trade_n and_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n of_o late_a much_o controvert_v by_o divers_a whether_o freedom_n in_o trade_n be_v a_o proper_a mean_n or_o no_o to_o improve_v trade_n these_o two_o term_n freedom_n and_o trade_n must_v be_v the_o subject_a matter_n of_o this_o discourse_n as_o for_o trade_n the_o word_n be_v plain_a and_o needs_o no_o explanation_n and_o the_o thing_n be_v as_o obvious_a to_o every_o man_n understanding_n and_o so_o need_v no_o definition_n i_o will_v therefore_o premise_v something_o very_o brief_o concerning_o the_o value_n and_o importance_n of_o trade_n that_o my_o end_n here_o aim_v at_o to_o which_o my_o intention_n must_v needs_o give_v the_o precedence_n may_v not_o seem_v inconsiderable_a to_o any_o and_o then_o cursory_o from_o my_o first_o term_n i_o shall_v address_v myself_o to_o my_o second_o my_o lord_n cook_n in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o our_o great_a charter_n where_o the_o merchant_n contentment_n be_v so_o prudent_o provide_v for_o tell_v we_o that_o traffic_n be_v the_o merchant_n livelihood_n and_o that_o the_o livelihood_n of_o the_o merchant_n be_v the_o life_n of_o the_o common-weal_n such_o as_o the_o king_n himself_o and_o every_o subject_a of_o the_o land_n have_v a_o interest_n in_o he_o observe_v also_o that_o the_o merchant_n be_v the_o good_a bailiff_n of_o the_o realm_n aswell_o to_o export_v native_a as_o to_o import_v foreign_a commodity_n for_o the_o benefit_n and_o necessary_a defence_n of_o the_o same_o this_o politic_a argonante_n in_o law_n among_o matter_n of_o law_n think_v it_o no_o extravagance_n to_o deliver_v his_o judgement_n of_o matter_n in_o trade_n and_o if_o we_o right_o analyse_v his_o judgement_n herein_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o not_o a_o word_n of_o it_o fall_v to_o the_o earth_n without_o its_o due_a weight_n the_o merchant_n indeed_o have_v a_o great_a dependence_n upon_o he_o both_o of_o land_n and_o water_n man_n and_o be_v often_o commander_n of_o great_a sum_n of_o ready_a money_n great_a than_o other_o man_n common_o though_o better_v land_v and_o estate_v can_v raise_v upon_o sudden_a public_a exigence_n and_o so_o even_o in_o his_o gown_n at_o home_n he_o be_v a_o profitable_a member_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o look_v upon_o he_o in_o his_o employment_n serve_v the_o state_n by_o his_o traffic_n and_o so_o he_o be_v more_o than_o profitable_a he_o be_v necessary_a to_o the_o well_o be_v nay_o to_o the_o be_n of_o the_o state_n those_o thing_n which_o he_o export_v conduce_v perhaps_o more_o to_o profi●_z and_o thing_n import_v to_o securance_n yet_o it_o be_v well_o intimate_v here_o that_o both_o exportation_n and_o importation_n do_v conduce_v to_o both_o native_a commodity_n more_o immediate_o afford_v we_o treasure_n yet_o treasure_n be_v as_o well_o firmamentum_fw-la belli_fw-la as_o ornamentum_fw-la pacis_fw-la and_o foreign_a commodity_n more_o usual_o be_v material_n for_o ship_n arm_n supply_v in_o time_n of_o dearth_n and_o distress_n etc._n etc._n yet_o sometime_o we_o retail_n the_o same_o to_o stranger_n for_o gain_n and_o thereby_o convert_v they_o into_o ornament_n of_o peace_n as_o well_o as_o instrument_n of_o defence_n how_o prodigious_o do_v antwerp_n former_o in_o a_o very_a few_o year_n aggrandise_v itself_o and_o what_o a_o excess_n of_o splendour_n have_v amsterdam_n attaynd_v to_o since_o yet_o for_o aught_o i_o know_v nature_n have_v bestow_v no_o more_o previledge_n upon_o those_o two_o town_n whereby_o to_o advance_v themselves_o with_o such_o facility_n then_o it_o have_v upon_o bristol_n and_o newcastle_n among_o we_o sure_o then_o the_o hollander_n and_o fleming_n may_v infuse_v this_o secret_a into_o we_o from_o that_o wondrous_a degree_n of_o opulence_n and_o pomp_n

which_o both_o by_o trade_n have_v ascend_v unto_o that_o importation_n of_o exotic_a commodity_n if_o subtle_o manage_v may_v become_v as_o great_a a_o improvement_n as_o exportation_n be_v to_o other●_z it_o be_v visible_a in_o the_o hollander_n that_o the_o mine_n of_o perne_n be_v as_o serviceable_a to_o he_o as_o to_o the_o poor_a judian_n that_o digg_v in_o they_o that_o the_o f●●…rs_n of_o russiia_n be_v equal_o part_v betwixt_o he_o and_o the_o muscovite_n that_o the_o plain_n of_o cots-would_n and_o lemster_n do_v as_o well_o graze_v his_o sheep_n as_o they_o do_v the_o englishman_n and_o there_o be_v a_o time_n when_o the_o antwerpian_a may_v have_v boast_v as_o true_o that_o arabia_n be_v his_o g●rdine_n that_o spain_n be_v his_o orchard_n that_o norway_n be_v his_o forest_n that_o city_n it_o be_v true_a which_o abound_v with_o commodity_n of_o its_o own_o have_v a_o easy_a and_o short_a way_n to_o prosperity_n then_o that_o city_n which_o be_v de●●itate_v of_o the_o like_a 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silver_n to_o those_o which_o make_v or_o buy_v they_o for_o a_o second_o utterance_n furthermore_o if_o from_o merchandise_n itself_o and_o these_o good_a bailiff_n of_o the_o realm_n which_o so_o active_o purvey_v in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n habitable_a and_o uninhabitable_a for_o treasure_n arm_n and_o all_o other_o thing_n that_o partain_a to_o pleasure_n health_n and_o necessity_n if_o from_o they_o we_o turn_v to_o the_o instrument_n of_o their_o negotiation_n our_o ship_n the_o wooden_a wall_n and_o fortification_n of_o our_o state_n of_o what_o respect_n ought_v these_o to_o be_v even_o these_o under_o god_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n prevent_v war_n in_o time_n of_o war_n procure_v peace_n in_o time_n of_o plenty_n they_o relieve_v our_o friend_n abroad_o in_o time_n of_o dearth_n they_o relieve_v we_o at_o home_n for_o example_n it_o be_v loss_n of_o time_n to_o offer_v any_o in_o this_o argument_n every_o man_n can_v tell_v how_o stupendious_o tyre_n sydon_n etc._n etc._n of_o old_a and_o venice_n belgia_n and_o other_o latter_a signiorye_n have_v flourish_v since_o by_o the_o gain_n of_o merchandise_n whilst_o their_o puissance_n and_o magnificence_n have_v be_v more_o raise_v and_o propagate_v by_o the_o merchant_n then_o either_o by_o the_o husbandman_n soldier_n or_o scholar_n it_o be_v admirable_a to_o see_v what_o vast_a revenue_n be_v purchase_v by_o some_o nation_n especial_o where_o democracy_n take_v place_n out_o of_o mere_a commerce_n and_o how_o far_o other_o nation_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n especial_o such_o as_o be_v swayde_v by_o monarch_n though_o more_o commodious_o situate_v and_o advantageous_o qualify_v otherwise_o do_v neglect_v the_o same_o the_o reason_n hereof_o may_v be_v because_o in_o popular_a state_n the_o merchant_n usual_o have_v more_o share_n in_o administration_n of_o public_a affair_n whereas_o in_o monarchy_n those_o that_o have_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o rudder_n have_v common_o little_a insight_n into_o trade_n and_o as_o little_a regard_n of_o trader_n howsoever_o either_o some_o singular_a happiness_n have_v hitherto_o attend_v spain_n and_o portugal_n or_o else_o doubtless_o the_o feat_n of_o merchandise_n have_v be_v in_o more_o than_o ordinary_a esteem_n with_o their_o king_n for_o both_o these_o have_v not_o only_o enrich_v their_o own_o home_n by_o sea_n adventure_n but_o also_o acquire_v thereby_o great_a dominion_n than_o their_o own_o for_o indeed_o beside_o those_o purchase_n which_o have_v be_v make_v in_o the_o east_n indies_n we_o see_v in_o mexico_n and_o peru_n there_o be_v a_o new_a hemisphere_n adjoin_v now_o to_o that_o old_a half_a world_n which_o the_o assyrian_n persian_n grecian_n roman_n with_o so_o much_o sweat_v and_o blood_n labour_v to_o subjugate_v heretofore_o and_o if_o the_o sun_n find_v no_o degree_n in_o all_o his_o circuit_n where_o he_o can_v obscure_v himself_o from_o the_o crown_n of_o spain_n subject_n the_o thanks_o thereof_o be_v due_a to_o the_o art_n of_o a_o old_a navigator_n and_o probable_o have_v hen_n 7._o give_a as_o much_o credit_n to_o columbus_n as_o ferdinand_n do_v either_o the_o austrian_a family_n have_v not_o spread_v its_o wing_n so_o wide_a or_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v not_o be_v so_o close_o entrench_v within_o the_o four_o british_a sea_n as_o now_o they_o be_v but_o i_o purposely_o wave_v the_o ostentation_n of_o many_o and_o great_a instance_n and_o therefore_o the_o whole_a weight_n of_o this_o argument_n shall_v only_o be_v hang_v upon_o the_o single_a epitome_n as_o it_o be_v of_o this_o petty_a jurisdiction_n here_o wherein_o we_o now_o reside_v all_o the_o land-intradoe_n which_o tillage_n or_o pasturage_n yield_v to_o this_o town_n of_o hamburgh_n be_v not_o much_o more_o considerable_a than_o some_o gentleman_n and_o esquire_n inherit_v in_o england_n yet_o the_o wild_a ocean_n as_o these_o restless_a copeman_n plow_v it_o with_o their_o fleet_n and_o harrow_v it_o with_o their_o 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god_n the_o propagation_n of_o the_o true_a faith_n how_o much_o to_o the_o prosperity_n of_o trade_n godliness_n have_v not_o only_o the_o promise_n of_o the_o world_n to_o come_v but_o also_o of_o this_o life_n and_o how_o much_o to_o be_v bewail_v the_o want_n of_o the_o word_n and_o sacrament_n be_v among_o our_o merchant_n in_o spain_n italy_n portugal_n let_v all_o man_n judge_v yet_o how_o this_o divine_a blessing_n can_v be_v continue_v among_o we_o after_o that_o we_o be_v bind_v together_o by_o no_o link_n of_o association_n but_o that_o we_o may_v trade_v at_o large_a arbitrary_o where_o we_o list_v how_o we_o list_v and_o when_o we_o list_v be_v worthy_a to_o be_v consider_v and_o i_o believe_v all_o man_n who_o have_v a_o true_a sense_n and_o tincture_n of_o religion_n in_o their_o heart_n will_v consider_v it_o serious_o the_o next_o benefit_n be_v in_o matter_n of_o justice_n though_o we_o be_v far_o distant_a from_o our_o own_o judge_n and_o court_n and_o can_v have_v 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much_o oftentimes_o of_o the_o nation_n from_o whence_o we_o be_v that_o formidable_a armado_n which_o in_o 1588._o be_v design_v to_o swallow_v we_o up_o have_v inprobability_n be_v far_o more_o fatal_a than_o it_o be_v if_o it_o have_v be_v appoint_v soon_o and_o arrive_v when_o queen_n elizabeth_n be_v not_o so_o well_o appoint_v as_o it_o find_v she_o afterwards_o and_o yet_o this_o be_v well_o know_v that_o gr●sham_n and_o other_o merchant_n by_o take_v up_o the_o money_n at_o genoa_n and_o our_o company_n by_o do_v the_o like_a at_o keeler_n mart_n in_o holsteine_n do_v so_o prevent_v philip_n that_o his_o invasion_n be_v retard_v thereby_o for_o a_o whole_a year_n and_o that_o retardment_n be_v so_o much_o to_o the_o disadvantage_n of_o spain_n and_o to_o the_o advantage_n of_o england_n be_v under_o god_n a_o powerful_a mean_n of_o preserve_v we_o charles_n the_o 5_o by_o calculation_n find_v that_o in_o antwerp_n 20000_o soul_n and_o in_o all_o the_o low_a country_n at_o least_o 60000_o have_v a_o livelihood_n and_o subsistence_n from_o the_o english_a trade_n wherefore_o when_o he_o be_v very_o resolute_a to_o bring_v the_o inquisition_n into_o antwerp_n and_o remain_v unmoovable_a against_o all_o other_o argument_n and_o supplication_n of_o that_o town_n yet_o this_o motive_n that_o the_o engl●sh_n company_n will_v be_v dislodge_v by_o introduce_v of_o that_o rigor_n divert_v he_o from_o his_o purpose_n also_o when_o the_o same_o charles_n have_v transfer_v all_o his_o signiory_n and_o dominion_n to_o his_o son_n philip_n that_o branch_n of_o the_o merchant_n adventure_n appear_v in_o gallant_a state_n to_o grace_v those_o solemnity_n consume_v above_o 2000_o crown_n in_o sumptuous_a furniture_n show_v and_o triumphal_a arch_n in_o the_o year_n 1581._o likewise_o the_o duke_n of_o alanson_n in_o the_o same_o city_n be_v entertain_v by_o 80_o english_a merchant_n of_o the_o same_o company_n all_o brave_o mount_v on_o horse_n back_o apparel_v in_o black_a velvet_n and_o most_o of_o they_o with_o brooch_n and_o chain_n of_o gold_n about_o their_o neck_n for_o which_o they_o receive_v thanks_o from_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o the_o lord_n of_o her_o council_n the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n and_o some_o of_o our_o king_n nephew_n beside_o diverse_a ambassador_n have_v find_v some_o seemly_a reception_n also_o from_o we_o here_o at_o hamburgh_n and_o from_o our_o brethren_n at_o rotterdam_n upon_o several_a occasion_n but_o i_o forbear_v prolixity_n in_o this_o point_n an_fw-mi other_o excellent_a singular_a benefit_n of_o our_o government_n be_v that_o thereby_o we_o be_v put_v into_o a_o capacity_n of_o enjoy_v all_o that_o be_v good_a and_o profitable_a in_o union_n and_o all_o that_o be_v good_a and_o profitable_a in_o division_n withal_o take_v away_o that_o order_n and_o harmony_n that_o be_v now_o settle_v among_o we_o and_o have_v be_v settle_v by_o all_o our_o king_n and_o countenance_v by_o all_o our_o parliament_n from_o 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inhibit_v from_o allow_v tare_n out_o of_o the_o mart_n town_n or_o out_o of_o due_a time_n or_o without_o due_a inspection_n and_o we_o be_v all_o convince_v that_o be_v it_o not_o for_o regulation_n in_o this_o matter_n of_o tare_n there_o be_v no_o abide_n in_o germany_n how_o our_o trade_n languish_v in_o holland_n at_o this_o time_n by_o reason_n of_o oppression_n in_o matter_n of_o tare_n be_v know_v too_o well_o our_o council_n table_n in_o king_n james_n his_o day_n take_v notice_n of_o it_o and_o seek_v the_o redress_n of_o it_o and_o sure_o our_o merchant_n hitherto_o have_v only_o continue_v trade_v there_o out_o of_o some_o hope_n of_o better_a time_n and_o condition_n hereafter_o as_o husbandman_n use_v to_o manure_v the_o earth_n in_o time_n of_o dearth_n as_o well_o as_o in_o time_n of_o plenty_n commissioner_n from_o lubeck_n and_o bremen_n second_v by_o the_o senate_n of_o this_o town_n have_v assail_v we_o late_o and_o eager_o press_v we_o to_o allow_v the_o same_o 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enjoin_v we_o to_o do_v as_o we_o will_v be_v do_v unto_o and_o to_o be_v kind_a to_o they_o that_o be_v nee●est_n in_o kind_n be_v not_o so_o total_o abrogate_a to_o we_o and_o erace_v on_o of_o our_o conscience_n as_o they_o be_v among_o nation_n if_o there_o be_v any_o fierce_a feud_n and_o violent_a antipathy_n than_o other_o it_o be_v common_o seem_v among_o those_o state_n that_o be_v most_o consanguineous_a and_o near_o conjoin_v in_o other_o relation_n and_o as_o for_o do_v to_o other_o nation_n as_o we_o will_v have_v do_v unto_o we_o that_o seem_v a_o ridiculous_a principle_n among_o statesman_n inasmuch_o as_o to_o do_v justice_n to_o a_o stranger_n when_o he_o be_v plaintiff_n against_o a_o native_a be_v no_o less_o repute_v then_o to_o do_v injustice_n to_o a_o native_a and_o to_o let_v slip_v any_o advantage_n whatsoever_o that_o be_v offer_v we_o of_o spoil_v foreigner_n be_v the_o same_o account_v as_o to_o spoil_v domestic_n republic_n have_v no_o breast_n or_o seat_n where_o any_o such_o thing_n as_o conscience_n or_o true_a honour_n can_v reside_v be_v it_o not_o for_o fear_n of_o requital_n and_o return_v of_o injury_n from_o those_o that_o be_v injure_v all_o people_n will_v be_v at_o the_o same_o pass_n as_o algiers_n be_v now_o at_o that_o bold_a roman_a that_o expostulate_v with_o alexander_n why_o it_o may_v not_o be_v as_o lawful_a for_o he_o to_o seize_v boat_n as_o it_o be_v for_o prince_n to_o invade_v whole_a empire_n seem_v to_o conceive_v that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n extend_v to_o community_n of_o man_n as_o well_o as_o to_o inidividual_n but_o alas_o that_o will_v neither_o justify_v his_o private_a rove_n at_o sea_n nor_o condemn_v alexander_n royal_a rove_n by_o land_n in_o matter_n of_o war_n monarchy_n especial_o and_o in_o matter_n of_o trade_n republic_n lay_v hold_v of_o all_o advantage_n as_o if_o their_o patrimonial_a right_n be_v never_o bound_v by_o any_o thing_n but_o invincible_a difficulty_n and_o necessity_n nor_o 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manage_v and_o regulate_v may_v be_v profitable_a to_o such_o a_o man_n or_o such_o a_o state_n but_o we_o all_o see_v that_o merchandise_n at_o sometime_o for_o want_v of_o good_a government_n and_o order_n undo_v many_o private_a man_n and_o in_o their_o undo_n prove_v injurious_a to_o the_o state_n second_o merchandise_n may_v be_v reckon_v among_o good_a thing_n but_o not_o among_o thing_n infinite_o good_a therefore_o though_o the_o diffusion_n or_o enlargement_n of_o it_o may_v bring_v profit_n to_o the_o state_n unto_o such_o bound_n and_o degree_n yet_o this_o be_v no_o proof_n but_o that_o there_o be_v bound_n and_o degree_n beyond_o which_o it_o may_v not_o be_v diffuse_v nor_o can_v be_v enlarge_v without_o disprofit_v those_o good_a thing_n which_o be_v ample_a enough_o to_o satisfy_v all_o may_v be_v extend_v to_o all_o and_o the_o further_o

little_a difference_n betwixt_o they_o and_o her_o own_o subject_n i_o hope_v this_o will_v be_v a_o sufficient_a justification_n of_o our_o english_a trade_n and_o now_o since_o it_o appear_v that_o this_o opposition_n be_v procure_v to_o we_o by_o stranger_n and_o enemy_n that_o seek_v not_o to_o reduce_v we_o to_o a_o fair_a trade_n but_o to_o eject_v we_o out_o of_o all_o trade_n methinks_v it_o shall_v be_v very_o unworthy_a of_o any_o englishman_n to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o same_o objection_n 3._o arg_n that_o trade_n which_o be_v not_o only_o complain_v of_o by_o stranger_n but_o native_n also_o and_o in_o all_o age_n have_v encounter_v with_o so_o many_o complainant_n be_v likely_a to_o be_v a_o monopoly_n or_o some_o private_a anticipate_v indirect_a way_n of_o commerce_n but_o such_o be_v that_o of_o all_o merchant_n incorporate_v by_o particular_a charter_n etc._n etc._n all_o privilege_v merchant_n especial_o the_o adventurer_n of_o england_n who_o privilege_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o so_o ample_a have_v have_v adversary_n always_o to_o wrestle_v and_o contest_v with_o both_o abroad_o and_o at_o home_n yet_o this_o may_v be_v true_o say_v of_o they_o as_o of_o cato_n they_o have_v be_v as_o often_o absolve_v as_o accuse_v and_o their_o patron_n have_v ever_o be_v far_o more_o honourable_a than_o their_o adversary_n clothier_n interloper_n some_o officer_n of_o the_o outport_n and_o court_n projector_n have_v molest_v they_o on_o the_o one_o side_n but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n parliament_n king_n privy-councillor_n and_o the_o wise_a of_o statesman_n have_v protect_v they_o and_o their_o cause_n and_o upon_o a_o full_a and_o due_a hear_v it_o continual_o appear_v that_o their_o friend_n have_v honourable_a but_o their_o opposer_n dishonourable_a end_n as_o for_o the_o clothier_n he_o stomach_v much_o that_o he_o must_v be_v so_o strict_o hold_v to_o the_o statute_n and_o may_v not_o digress_v from_o the_o just_a weight_n and_o measure_n that_o be_v there_o set_v for_o his_o clothes_n the_o interloper_n take_v offence_n that_o without_o contribute_v for_o himself_o he_o may_v not_o enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o that_o policy_n which_o be_v maintain_v at_o other_o man_n charge_n that_o the_o same_o hedge_n which_o keep_v other_o man_n from_o trespass_v he_o shall_v keep_v he_o from_o trespass_v other_o man_n the_o outport_n officer_n be_v prevent_v of_o some_o bribe_n for_o steal_a custom_n false-coloured_a good_n etc._n etc._n by_o the_o regular_a ship_n of_o our_o merchant_n and_o by_o our_o minister_n which_o keep_v too_o severe_a a_o check_n upon_o he_o and_o therefore_o his_o indignation_n be_v raise_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o beg_a courtier_n he_o find_v it_o profitable_a for_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o accusation_n shall_v be_v favour_v and_o that_o all_o complainant_n shall_v be_v hear_v for_o whether_o the_o complaint_n be_v true_a or_o false_a just_a or_o unjust_a profit_n come_v in_o to_o he_o both_o way_n and_o the_o innocent_a must_v gratify_v he_o for_o his_o quietus_n est_fw-la as_o well_o as_o the_o nocent_a for_o his_o impunity_n king_n james_n anno_fw-la 1613._o find_v that_o his_o progenitor_n have_v be_v deceive_v in_o their_o grant_n to_o we_o and_o therefore_o suspend_v and_o sequester_v our_o privilege_n but_o in_o anno_fw-la 1616_o and_o 1617._o after_o that_o the_o merchant_n have_v be_v drain_v of_o 20_o or_o 30000_o l._n and_o cockayn_v new_a project_n so_o obstructive_a to_o trade_n be_v fall_v to_o the_o ground_n of_o itself_o the_o same_o ancient_a charter_n and_o liberty_n be_v revive_v with_o more_o honourable_a testimonial_n then_o ever_o the_o courtier_n be_v again_o sensible_a that_o king_n james_n and_o his_o progenitor_n have_v be_v well_o advise_v in_o their_o grant_n the_o merchant_n adventurer_n long_o before_o the_o art_n of_o endrape_a cloth_n be_v introduce_v into_o england_n have_v privilege_n abroad_o from_o the_o duke_n of_o brabant_n and_o other_o potentate_n edw_n the_o 3d._o have_v transplant_v the_o manufacture_n out_o of_o the_o netherlands_o for_o the_o better_a water_v and_o cherish_v of_o it_o confirm_v to_o the_o say_a adventurer_n whatsoever_o have_v be_v grant_v in_o the_o year_n 1248._o by_o john_n d_n of_o brabant_n hen_n the_o four_o see_v the_o good_a effect_n of_o his_o grandfather_n indulgence_n add_v a_o more_o beneficial_a and_o large_a charter_n of_o privilege_n in_o feb_n 1406._o h._n 5._o h._n 6._o edw_n 4._o and_o r._n 3._o be_v follower_n of_o that_o good_a example_n by_o several_a ratification_n but_o h._n 7._o seem_v to_o transcend_v all_o his_o predecessor_n in_o policy_n and_o desire_v to_o testify_v the_o same_o by_o his_o care_n of_o merchant_n proceed_v further_a to_o dilate_v their_o privilege_n and_o preeminence_n polydor_n virgil_n give_v he_o this_o encomium_n mercatores_fw-la ille_fw-la saepenumerò_fw-la pecuniâ_fw-la multa_fw-la data_fw-la gratuito_fw-la juvibat_fw-la u●_z mercatura_fw-la a●s_fw-la una_fw-la ●n●ctis_fw-la aeque_fw-la mortalibus_fw-la tum_fw-la commoda_fw-la tum_fw-la necessaria_fw-la in_fw-la surregno_fw-la copiofier_fw-la esset_fw-la in_o his_o reign_n enmity_n and_o hostility_n interrupt_v our_o commerce_n with_o the_o burgundian_n we_o have_v a_o staple_n provide_v for_o we_o at_o calais_n and_o then_o under_o our_o own_o sovereign_n within_o our_o own_o dominion_n we_o see_v our_o own_o fellow_n subject_n as_o tender_o entertain_v with_o divers_a franchise_n and_o indulgence_n as_o if_o they_o have_v capitulate_v with_o a_o strange_a prince_n since_o h._n 7._o all_o his_o successor_n have_v confirm_v or_o enlarge_v what_o be_v grant_v before_o within_o few_o year_n also_o this_o king_n and_o since_o that_o this_o parliament_n in_o 1643._o have_v add_v strong_a ratification_n and_o that_o not_o without_o honourable_a acknowledgement_n of_o this_o famous_a company_n service_n to_o the_o public_a moreover_o in_o the_o time_n of_o hen_n 4._o and_o hen_n 7._o some_o complaint_n be_v prefer_v by_o clothier_n etc._n etc._n against_o the_o merchant_n adventurer_n but_o after_o due_a examination_n and_o hear_v the_o company_n have_v a_o favourable_a issue_n and_o not_o only_o obtain_v a_o full_a establishment_n of_o former_a charter_n but_o also_o new_a express_a clause_n against_o straggle_a merchant_n and_o all_o other_o intermedler_n that_o may_v impeach_v or_o disturb_v their_o trade_n other_o information_n be_v under_o edw_n 6._o exhibit_v against_o the_o same_o company_n by_o some_o of_o their_o own_o brethren_n but_o after_o the_o council_n table_n have_v take_v a_o full_a cognizance_n thereof_o the_o two_o chief_a of_o the_o informer_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o fleet_n and_o the_o rest_n be_v fine_v and_o more_o strict_o enjoin_v to_o submit_v to_o the_o company_n order_n for_o the_o future_a the_o same_o informer_n also_o not_o so_o acquiesce_v make_v new_a address_n to_o the_o parliament_n hold_v after_o by_o queen_n mary_n but_o the_o business_n be_v soon_o quash_v there_o also_o and_o the_o accuser_n without_o further_a remedy_n dismiss_v the_o like_a or_o more_o grievous_a complaint_n be_v revive_v by_o the_o clothier_n etc._n etc._n in_o queen_n elizabeth_n day_n but_o what_o event_n do_v attend_v they_o after_o that_o the_o cloth_n trade_n be_v set_v at_o liberty_n for_o a_o while_n after_o that_o the_o george_n at_o westminster_n be_v make_v as_o free_a a_o mercat_n for_o cloth_n as_o blackwell-hall_n in_o london_n and_o upon_o trial_n the_o poor_a people_n of_o wiltshire_n glocestershire_n etc._n etc._n see_v their_o misery_n not_o relieve_v but_o increase_v by_o dissolve_v the_o company_n of_o merchant_n adventurer_n the_o lord_n of_o the_o council_n anno_fw-la 29._o eliz_n to_o prevent_v mutiny_n in_o those_o part_n be_v fain_o to_o send_v for_o the_o merchant_n adventurer_n and_o desire_v they_o cheerful_o to_o proceed_v in_o their_o trade_n to_o which_o no_o countenance_n nor_o assistance_n from_o they_o shall_v be_v want_v for_o the_o future_a alderman_n cockayn_v project_n in_o king_n james_n his_o day_n be_v guild_v over_o with_o a_o more_o specious_a pretext_n then_o that_o in_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o when_o our_o company_n be_v at_o that_o time_n dissolve_v trade_n be_v not_o absolute_o lay_v common_a as_o before_o without_o all_o manner_n of_o regulation_n but_o to_o prevent_v general_a confusion_n which_o have_v prove_v itself_o continual_o so_o fatal_a a_o new_a company_n be_v erect_v and_o incorporate_v yet_o neither_o so_o can_v this_o project_n prosper_v or_o subsist_v king_n james_n in_o his_o proclamation_n anno_fw-la 1617._o publish_v for_o the_o restitution_n of_o our_o company_n and_o its_o and_o 〈◊〉_d privilege_n after_o that_o the_o consumption_n and_o miserable_a languishment_n of_o trade_n for_o above_o two_o year_n space_n have_v better_o instruct_v he_o attestate_v to_o the_o world_n the_o excellent_a method_n and_o discipline_n of_o our_o ancient_a corporation_n and_o now_o ineffectual_a his_o 〈◊〉_d loose_a jurisdiction_n have_v prove_v for_o the_o vend_n of_o