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A03850 The nobles or of nobilitye The original nature, dutyes, right, and Christian institucion thereof three bookes. Fyrste eloquentlye writte[n] in Latine by Lawrence Humfrey D. of Diuinity, and presidente of Magdaleine Colledge in Oxforde, late englished. Whereto for the readers commodititye [sic], and matters affinitye, is coupled the small treatyse of Philo a Iewe. By the same author out of the Greeke Latined, nowe also Englished. 1563.; Optimates. English Humphrey, Laurence, 1525 or 6-1589.; Philo, of Alexandria. De nobilitate. English. 1563 (1563) STC 13964; ESTC S104304 130,119 392

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notwithstanding my garrison heedefufly garding the tombe the third day he arose Which so redoubled the rage of the Iewes the moneyeng my men they sought to bie their silence therein Which caused thē more and more to brute the rumour thereof which therfore I thought to certify you that you suffer not youre selfe to be misled by the missen forminges of the Iewes Thus fare ye wel A worthy fact not of Pilate only but al courtiers Nobles wherin he doubteth not onelye to professe what him selfe thought But also seemeth to endeuoure by heapinge his manye miracles to assaye to hale his emperour to the same fayth So must Nobles confesse so call leade allure by al meanes their princes to christian doctrine So confute reproue cōtrary ●ales and sclaunders And who other where in euery tryfle and matter of nothing are stout ouerflowe wyth ●tomake they much more here shoulde proue them selues Lions men yea noble men As Dauid also the noblest kynge who blushd not before kynges and princes to talke of Gods prayses As it is in the psalmes For this confession seemeth in them more commendable glorious then in any other Nor is there any cause why they should be ashamed trulye to professe chryst and freely from the bothomes of theyr hartes to protest his religion but rather such as they ought accompt most glorious Nor is it a shameful but an honorable profession Nor shal it ought decrease but encrease their estimacion if in perillous aduerse times they be accompted godly and Gospellers But then say they they must diuorce them selues from wealth and lyuinge nowe in honourable estate forth with resigne both honour richesse This heauy importable burthen of pouertye they thinke them selues vnable to beare But Christe though otherwise most riche rightfullest owner of all they possesse became for theym moste beggerlye And whereto lente he them the same but to spēd them selues and theyrs to renowme his glorye But farre is he beguiled who accompteth this christian profession crosse a losse It is the greatest gaine yea ryghtlye gaineful not damage O happye losse that rendreth hundred folde both here and hereafter So as for earthly ye receiue heauenly for fading lasting for vaine true vnpassable ioyes England at this day ministreth many presidents of gods prouidence Whereby it is manifest God hourdeth not hate nor is altogether vnmindefull of hys seruants but at length respecteth his and locketh vp for them the guerdon of their pacience confessiō Many great and noble men late exiles can I cite now worshipful gentlemen knightes lordes coūtesses duchesses wiues virgines of noblest house plentifullest possessions most worthy honourable rulers counsailours in their coūtrey who when after the wrack of al theyr wealth shonnyng the surges of that ●resēt storme they fledde to the church no Christyan congregation then dispersed in forreiue realmes as to a safest baye nowe the anger of the wrathful god appeased returnīg with calme sea and prosperous saile what loste they Who not onely are restored to theyr former authoritye but also raysed and preferred to hygher The virgine princesse Elizabeth moste famous for godlines and learning not dissembling but freely constantly and faithfully disclosing her sayth tossed wyth many stormye iniuries afflicted and wounded with many launcinge troubles calamities pente vp in pryson though a kinges doughter the quene● sifter where dayly hourely she awaited present death what losse at length sustained sh● From infamous prison lifted to the scepters of the realme frō wailing dishonor to glory frō death to life of a prisoner crownd Queene of England Herein shineth the prouident mercy politike pitie of our God who chastneth his for a time the chastned with his rod as purged with fier he may make them worthy higher dignitie and m●ete for greater charge But bothe they shrugge sorowe and flatly deny to lose theyr parents theyr Chyldren theyr wife and dearest life Nay wyl they nil they they shall lose them if by denieng Christ or not confessinge him as they ought they coueyte to keepe them For who findeth hys life saith Chryst shal lose it And who loseth his life for my sake shall finde it For why refuse they to repay this loane of life Chiefely sith the lender condicionallye lente it that when he should demaunde it we shold faithfully restore it why render they it not to hym demaundinge it who iustlye and rightfully claymeth it as his due Why sticke they to aduenture theyr lyues for Christe and surrender hym theyr bodye and bloud who is their creatour and carpenter They replye they are of noble bloud But hit receaueth no stayne by sheadinge in assertion of Christes faith but then is most Noble and precyous in hys syghte who on the aulter of the crosse suffred moste plenteouslye hys heauenly and noble blond to streame oute for oure sakes Life is not here by losse but wonne Yea such life wher they shal finde other father other kinne other brethren Sisterne other ancestours most nearelylinked coupled to them not so much by flesh as spirite where also with heauenly pleasure and glad some eies they shall behold embrace their forefathers foregone them Blessed therefore are those troupes of heauenly soules who both in former yeares this oure later age yelded them selues to death in the lord Who now at length liue euerlastingly who euer in this life bare about them death As oft as I recount the armies of Martirs I meane not of so many poore or welthy men so many seruaunts artifycers so many olde grayberds grene Imps of all degrees kinds ages both in all other realmes of Christendom and in this our Englande marchinge towards the skie but euen of the Noblest stateliest personages flieng frō this worlde to the heauēly seates who for they would needes be confessours were by the mischiefe of the time made Martirs so oft greete I them whō this happe befell and dreade thothers lot that did them die Seeinge the meane whyle a Noble presidente proposed all men for Chryst to contemne all dreades threates horrours and terrours Whose reuerende trayne the earth abādoning the heauen receiued There enioye they immortalitie and perpetuall felycitie Whom no other guilt then iustice then constancy then godlines condemned Who seeme to me not so much with the Noblesse as the sheading of their bloud to haue renoūmed them selues and all theyr house Meruailous and most reuerend was that troupe of Alsatian Gentlemen Of whome in one day as it is writen the Bishops burnt an hundred Innocentius the third then raging the yere 1212. A great nūber a greuous payne a trifeling cause For they taught the vse of maryage to be permitted priests eating flesh licensed christians at all seasons Out of whose cinders such gentry I wishe to reuiue springe as not onely ioyfull in prosperity would tryumpbe with Christe in glory but also with hym afflicted suffer afflicted wretched
materyall what anye weare For neyther lendeth the garment Nobilitye nor harmeth or dishonoureth the person Neuertheles syth we are al naturally proner to euell then good when to oure nature of it selfe corrupte occasion cleaueth as a prycke or prouoke ment braue garmentes maye in one not altogether persecte nor whollye Christes be instrumentes of pryde Instrumentes I terme them for euē in base apparayle the mynde maye be no lesse hawtye then in gorgeous Nor lesse pryde lurketh in the brattes of a Beggar than the purple Roobes of a Noble Yet somewhat herein ought as well Noble men as women obserue Fyrst that all superflutiye be shonned and immoderate desyre of brauerye Whych also as the rest I wyll teache by example of antiquiquitie For the lawes of the Censors and expences forbadd excesse no lesse herein then in banketting The emperours therfore partly thinking hit a po●nt of a base and abtect stomake to vaunte gorgeous garmentes and partlye for others example dyfferd in apparayle not much from meaner men But farre beneth theyr honour and dignitie apparayled them selues For Agesilaus vsed euer this sayenge It was a Prynces parte not in wantonnes and nicenes but the ornamentes of vertues to exceede the commens And therefore in the fower chaunges of the yeare vsed one onely coate In his tentes had no costlyer couche then any commen souldyor And the sharpe winter walked alway coatlesse couered onelye wyth hys cloake That by his example both aged and kynge he might induce yonge men to like hardnes of lyfe Volaterranus mencioneth that Lewes the. 11. of Fraunce Alphonsus of Sicyle and Mathye kinges of Hungarye for the basenes of theyr apparayle were hardely discerned frō the commen sorte Such are and haue bene many in Englande Who ware the selfe liuery they gaue Nor differd from their men so muche in vt warde as inward ornaments But now but on all partes they glyster with longe and massie chaine with flauntynge plume with costlye and rare araye scarse thinke they them selues accompted gentlemen And as whylome Heliogabalus neuer doubled the weare of one garmente so these exceede in chaunge and hit most sumptuous So as almost day by day they weare seuerall and those sutable Shewing thē selues one day crimsen other whyte the next black from the crowne to the sole Iust cause is there or feare leaste coueting to seeme to trim in a matter of nought at last they become to beggerlye and bare Scarse clothed with one course garmente But besette with yeares and brattes But as to women ther is a manyfest decree in the scriptures enacted by Peter and Paule Apostels that they exceede not in sumptuousnes that with modest habite shamefastnes and huswifery they attyre them selues Not with spanges golde pearles or gorgeous ara ye But as beseemeth women professing godlines in good deedes Hierome also mencioneth an honourable lady at the commanndemet of her husband Hymet●us vncle by the father to Eustachius the virgin chaunged her habite and attyre And tressed vp her scattered heare after the worldly guise For truly christians christē women beseemeth a cleane and comely habite not vnworthy Chryst theyr head But whereto tendeth effeminate and nice araye but to bewray an vnmanlye minde Wherefore Socrates goynge euer for the most vnshod sayd these players weedes were feete for Tragedie and Comedie actors but nothing auaylable to honest lyfe Next must they obserue that to the vtward glistering the comelines of mind and inward beautie and brauerye of maners be aunswerable ▪ least when the attyre beseemeth the fylthe of mynde shame Therfore when they do on theyr costly robes with that selfe laboure remembre they they are the tokens and signes of vertue That likewise ought the inward ornamentes shyne and as it were the glistering of vertue appeare Not yll warned Diogenes one curiouslye sleekynge his heare with oyntmente that the neate order of his head caused not the disorder of his life Beware also they must leaste shininge vtwardes perfuming the ayre with sweetest odoures and altogether dayntye and neate inwardes they be found vncleane and stinkyng Nor thinke they theym selues happyer for theyr riche costly-robes but acknowledge their coates the couers of many cares As the king Antigonus hearyng an olde Vecke pronounce him happye discretelye and wisely replyed Wist thou o woman how many euels these roabes shroud scarse wouldest thou stoope to take them from the myre For not onelye are good Nobles more carefull and combred then others but also more open and proane to peril Whych consideracion bringeth modesty and selfe contempt Hereto also calleth them the basenes of the thinges that swell them For gold siluer veluet nought els renoumeth then mans fonde estimacion The first being onely frutes of the earthe the basest elemente the last the seede of a simple worme of the people Seres whiche two monkes brought from Serindia a citye of Indye to Iustmian at Constantinople shipped thence into Italye and other partes of Europe For of her seede couered with dunge sylke wormes bred fed wyth mulberye leaues spinne silke And therefore the emperours esteemed ndt so hyghely Silkes Veluets whiche Aurelianus had neuer in his wardrobe Sayeng he would neuer paise thread with golde For then was an ounce of silke solde for like weyght of golde Alexander Seucrus also seeld ware sylke veluet neuer So nothinge was antiquitie proud of this wormes flyece But now what more esteemed Yet what commenner For when once in Italye store of mulberyes planted bred plenty of thē euerye varlet ware it So as nowe it is turned to saddels and horse trappers The Milesian wer in times paste noted for abroad they would be princely at home beggerly Which well may we at this daye applye to some wrongfully termed Nobles Then whom abroade none brauer none trimmer at home none baser none filthier Wherfore either the matter whereof it is wroughte or the commennes and stalenes ought breed contempt therof in a noble courage And cause that not so much with forren as home cloth he clothe him selfe Or yf needes he woulde so be apparayled thynke at least so lyght a toye should not so lightly rayse his stomake But bothe the deare price of the substaunce and fondenes of fashyons is much reprehensible For it is changed and altered daylye And what Raphaell Volaterranus complayneth of his Italye that may we muche trulyer of our England Whych not content with her owne or the presente guise lyueth as straunge Counterfaytinge thys day one tomorowe another the next daye other and so continually strange shape and forme As eyther newe fashion is borrowed of forren realmes or inuēted in the wily tailours shoppe But what more monstrous then onely on the makyng of a daunsinge doblet to bestowe almost 90. crownes But what nowe I meane to tel whiche I speake but on report is almoste incredible and most monstrous That 3. payre of hoose for one man cost 800. crownes And what summes of money euen onely feathers waste London merchauntes
highest and noblest Who leadeth in the parliament ouerweyeth in the lawe sweyeth both farre and nere Euen princes and nobles Who bids forbids doeth vndoeth twineth vntwineth al thinges Who maketh and vnmaketh lawes Who weldeth the commen wealth in peace or wageth warre againste the enemye but great and Noble men Neyther anye meruaile is it the rule of all is credyted him who both through his owne prowesse and the long continued commendacion of his auncestours hath earned the report and estimation of al men For as it is in the bookes of the kinges out frome the wicked issueth iniquitie and of a shrimpe sprynges not a rose or marigold or of a bōd woman a freesonne borne as sayeth the holye poete Theognis so contrarywyse of the good ofte are bred good Nor bardy Egle ders the fearefull Dooue As witnesseth Horace But commonly the childe erpresseth his sire and posse city if not chasigeling couets to tread the steps of their auncestonrs But here againste obiecte they a rable of theyr vices Theyr insatiable couetise theyr incredible pride theyr tickle credite theyr intollerable lust Whereto I aunswere these inconueniences rest not in the thing it selfe or nature of Nobilitye but in the faultes and maners of some not all whome eyther the prosperity of Fortune dasles or ryott and pleasures effeminate or lycence and liberty marre or yll presidentes spyll or plentye and aboundaunce of wealth ouerbeareth or troupes of flatterers tickle Whyche easely maye ouertourne the hautiest and stoutest stomake from constancy of minde and tryppe him middes hys race to prayse Yet emonges theym are some who sayling by these Syrens suffer not theym selues to be wryed from the ryght Contrary wise there be eke of the commen sorte that partake with them in these crimes Who though poore yet burne in couetise and middes theyr beggerye which is most vnseemelye looke loftely and in theyr slauery become cruell and mids the want of all thinges leacherous Wherefore lesse maruay'e ought it seeme in theym syth they haue the baytes and entisementes to vice which thother wante Whereby it appeareth that vicious demeanour groweth not in Nobilitye but cleaueth thereto was not borne in it but added to it not peculyer to it but commen wyth others But this is not here to be reasoned whether they be naturally growinge in it or forenly cleauyng to it But lamentablye it is to be sorowed that in those they are from whom they oughte farthest be And so much the rather must we trauayle endeuour not to extinguishe Nobility but to clense it aut to prouide it be better enfourmed and so enformed as it maye be reformed and so refourmed as it nede not be rased Other theyr light and trifelinge reasons I nede not here to mencion Which they account strongest garrisons Which I dense not to be trulye spoken of the holy ghost but of theym to be aptly applyed that flatly I nay Impossible is it saye they ryche men shoulde enter into the kingedome of heauen I heare it and graunt it But he sayeth ryche not Noble men But who be ryche Marke the best interpretour of Mathewe expoundeth Those namelye that place all theyr hope of safetye in theyr wealth and ryches Who repose them selues on their sub staunce as the god of this world Trifelinge also is that they vouche out of Paule to the Corinthians That not many mightye not manye Noble were calld For albeit the yonge man in the Gospel folowed not Christes calling yet Zacheus called came Paule the lieuetenaunt and Dionisius Areopagita themperours courtyers beleued Paule And th●●●h he saued Lazarus the pore he saued him yet in the bosome of Abraham the ryche For God would al men were saued and calleth all to the knowledge of his truthe Namelye of euery nation as Iewes Gentiles of euery estate and condiciō as Kinges Nobles welthy poore of eyther kynde as males and females Happie in dede he pronounceth the poore but in spirite And both maye a Noble man be poore lowe of minde and a poore man of degree higher minded than anye Noble man For there be euen proude ragges and boasting beggery Diogenes sayd he spurned the ease and pryde of Plato But with other pryde as elegantly replyed Plato Wherfore thus we conclude that Noble men ought be beloued for theyr own sakes for theyr elders merites of the commē wealth That many of them are good bountifull and profitable that they haue passage with others into the kingdome of heauen that they are called of God to be short that many Nobles are poore and humble hearted and therfore ought not all be e●●●led and banished realmes or abolished but chastened taught and corrected yf otherwyse they demeane them selues With the people whom ranckled grudge Agaynst the commocion of the Commens and long yea to longe lengthened hatred hath armed agaynste the Nobilitye we haue somewhat more to do Although amonges those also be manye graue quyete and peaceable men who soyntly with vs sorowe and syghe to see so greate dyscorde in one ciuile bodye Wherein all the members linked the hyghest with the lowest the lowest with the highest and coupled with the louelye knotte of Frendeshippe and charitie mought yelde most plenteous profyte both priuately to euerye one and vniuersally to all Whiche separated seuered and sondred by dissencion vnioynt the state and rende it in wretched sorte It happeneth neuertheles I wot not by what fate or compuision of what furies it happeneth I saye that twixte the lordes and commens is but simple concord So that thoughe for a while they liue together linked with league of amitye yet time not longe after bewrayeth priuye grudge and vttereth what hate what malyce lurkes within As betwixt the byrdes called Acgathili and Acanthilides wryters reporte so great hate that theyr bloude though violentlye mingled yet forthewyth seuers it selfe and skippeth a sunder So ofte it happeneth eyther for the cruell destenyes enuye vs peace and quietnes Or that so our God list to plague mortalles or that Noble men most mightelye worke iniurye or the commen sorte moste frowardlye perfourme theyr dutyes or for all theyr wylles so conspyre the fates of hate God of Justice the Nobles of pride the others of murmure and enuye The matter is euident This preache the vproares of Israell agaynste Moses the rebellion of the Romayne commens in the hyl A●entine the ciuile warre of Silla and Marius the commotion of the hindes in Germany and Switzerland the sundrye tumultes and conspiracyes of England and in forrein realmes many other and those most bloudy battels What nede many wordes Sith euen the dedes them selues in number such so massy so many sedicions vproares conspiracies witnesse to true what I say Smal doubt is therfore but it is so That henceforth it be not so we must prouide Wherto much materiall is the trauatle of the guides and teachers of the people Whose dutye and parte it is so to temper both their tounge and stile as by their bookes and sermons they