new_a office_n be_v daily_o hatch_v up_o and_o maintain_v by_o the_o chief_a customer_n and_o farmer_n not_o only_o to_o the_o detriment_n of_o merchant_n and_o of_o all_o trade_n in_o particular_a but_o also_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o sovereign_n and_o all_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n in_o the_o general_a respect_n custom_n differ_v in_o many_o respect_n these_o custom_n then_o as_o i_o say_v before_o be_v note_v not_o to_o be_v pay_v in_o all_o country_n alike_o for_o they_o be_v find_v to_o differ_v in_o divers_a regard_n the_o principal_a whereof_o i_o have_v observe_v to_o be_v these_o place_n in_o regard_n of_o place_n first_o they_o be_v find_v to_o differ_v in_o regard_n of_o place_n and_o kingdom_n as_o a_o far_o great_a custom_n be_v pay_v in_o spain_n and_o general_o throughout_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n dominion_n than_o in_o france_n italy_n turkey_n and_o in_o some_o other_o place_n city_n in_o regard_n of_o city_n second_o some_o difference_n be_v also_o find_v 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commodity_n as_o be_v see_v in_o england_n and_o many_o other_o place_n elsewhere_o where_o some_o commodity_n be_v high_o rate_v in_o the_o custom_n than_o other_o some_o some_o pay_v after_o the_o rate_n of_o 5_o per_fw-la cent_n some_o 10_o some_z 15_o and_o some_o 20_o per_fw-la cent_n and_o some_o yet_o more_o and_o some_o less_o weight_n in_o regard_n of_o weight_n five_o somewhat_o again_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o weight_n as_o be_v see_v in_o roven_n by_o the_o vicont_n in_o lion_n by_o the_o king_n beam_n in_o stockholm_n by_o the_o merchant_n weight_n and_o so_o in_o other_o place_n where_o there_o be_v use_v a_o large_a weight_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o merchant_n to_o pay_v their_o custom_n by_o and_o another_o lesser_a to_o buy_v and_o sell_v withal_o custom_n strictness_n for_o not_o pay_v of_o custom_n all_o these_o thing_n and_o many_o other_o as_o necessary_a to_o this_o commerce_n must_v be_v true_o learn_v for_o ignorance_n herein_o be_v not_o pardonable_a and_o be_v ever_o a_o prejudice_n to_o he_o that_o be_v find_v to_o exercise_v trade_n for_o the_o rigour_n and_o strictness_n practise_v in_o sundry_a country_n herein_o against_o merchant_n be_v extreme_a whereas_o these_o custom_n be_v not_o due_o and_o true_o to_o the_o utmost_a satisfy_v and_o pay_v sweden_n in_o russia_n denmark_n sweden_n as_o the_o first_o in_o russia_n denmark_n and_o sweden_n the_o law_n be_v that_o if_o a_o merchant_n do_v not_o declare_v all_o his_o good_n in_o the_o custom-house_n which_o he_o either_o import_v or_o export_v but_o conceal_v some_o part_n thereof_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o that_o commodity_n be_v of_o the_o same_o kind_n be_v forfeit_v to_o the_o prince_n without_o favour_n or_o redemption_n dominion_n in_o spain_n dominion_n in_o spain_n and_o general_o throughout_o all_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n dominion_n the_o commodity_n conceal_v be_v only_o forfeit_v unless_o they_o be_v prohibit_v or_o as_o they_o term_v it_o contrabanda_n good_n and_o then_o all_o be_v lose_v ireland_n in_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n in_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n the_o like_a for_o there_o the_o good_n conceal_v be_v only_o forfeit_v but_o yet_o they_o may_v be_v have_v again_o upon_o composition_n for_o the_o officer_n that_o make_v the_o seizure_n have_v power_n by_o a_o licence_n sue_v forth_o to_o compound_v for_o the_o one_o half_a which_o be_v his_o part_n and_o if_o no_o intention_n to_o defraud_v the_o king_n appear_v in_o the_o fact_n the_o baron_n of_o the_o exehequer_n will_v deal_v favourable_o with_o the_o merchant_n for_o the_o other_o half_a which_o be_v the_o king_n be_v and_o if_o a_o merchant_n can_v for_o want_v of_o a_o factory_a make_v a_o direct_a or_o perfect_a entry_n he_o may_v declare_v his_o good_n in_o the_o custom-house_n at_o sight_n and_o take_v up_o the_o same_o it_o may_v be_v either_o weigh_v or_o measure_v open_v and_o peruse_v by_o a_o officer_n and_o then_o afterward_o the_o custom_n may_v be_v satisfy_v according_o without_o further_a danger_n and_o if_o the_o merchant_n will_v again_o ship_v out_o those_o good_n so_o bring_v in_o by_o he_o he_o may_v do_v it_o by_o certificate_n free_a of_o custom_n for_o 13_o month_n and_o have_v the_o impost_n thereof_o return_v to_o he_o again_o provide_v the_o property_n have_v not_o be_v during_o that_o time_n alter_v there_o be_v also_o by_o way_n of_o tare_n grant_v to_o the_o merchant_n in_o the_o custom-house_n 5_o per_fw-la cent._n upon_o all_o commodity_n either_o weigh_v or_o measure_v and_o allowance_n upon_o wine_n and_o oil_n for_o leakage_n and_o upon_o clothes_n kersey_n and_o such_o like_a one_o in_o ten_o for_o wrapper_n with_o many_o other_o limit_v observation_n which_o be_v find_v publish_v in_o his_o majesty_n declaration_n before_o the_o print_a book_n of_o rate_n for_o custom_n in_o england_n etc._n etc._n netherlands_o in_o germany_n france_n italy_n netherlands_o in_o france_n germany_n and_o many_o place_n of_o italy_n and_o in_o the_o low_a country_n the_o good_n conceal_v be_v only_o forfeit_v but_o the_o same_o may_v be_v afterward_o compound_v for_o wherein_o the_o circumstance_n will_v in_o some_o place_n be_v consider_v and_o the_o manner_n how_o the_o error_n grow_v and_o whether_o it_o appear_v to_o be_v do_v with_o a_o set_a purpose_n or_o not_o smyrna_n in_o constantinople_n smyrna_n in_o constantinople_n smyrna_n and_o many_o place_n of_o turkey_n the_o good_n conceal_v be_v not_o at_o all_o forfeit_v but_o be_v to_o pay_v double_a the_o impose_v custom_n if_o take_v and_o then_o to_o be_v again_o restore_v i_o have_v note_v that_o the_o rate_n of_o the_o custom_n be_v find_v to_o alter_v in_o sundry_a country_n as_o in_o spain_n and_o portugal_n be_v pay_v upon_o divers_a good_n 10_o per_fw-la cent_n upon_o some_o 20_o and_o 25_o per_fw-la cent_n in_o turkey_n be_v pay_v by_o the_o english_a only_o 3_o per_fw-la cent_n but_o by_o all_o other_o christian_a nation_n 5_o per_fw-la cent_n and_o the_o same_o be_v not_o there_o pay_v nor_o satisfy_v in_o money_n as_o in_o other_o country_n but_o in_o species_n and_o in_o kind_n except_o compound_v for_o beforehand_o and_o so_o by_o a_o value_n reduce_v into_o money_n so_o also_o it_o be_v in_o some_o country_n more_o and_o in_o some_o less_o sometime_o settle_v upon_o the_o hundred_o in_o value_n and_o sometime_o upon_o the_o piece_n and_o in_o china_n and_o some_o place_n of_o india_n it_o be_v note_v that_o in_o favour_n of_o this_o duty_n the_o tessel_n and_o ship_n be_v measure_v in_o length_n and_o breadth_n and_o depth_n and_o so_o by_o a_o certain_a rule_n and_o sum_n the_o custom_n be_v levy_v according_o upon_o all_o sort_n of_o good_n aboard_o she_o without_o distinction_n alike_o in_o bulk_n good_n imposition_n upon_o good_n beside_o this_o duty_n of_o custom_n pay_v in_o most_o city_n by_o merchant_n as_o i_o have_v show_v there_o be_v another_o duty_n like_o to_o this_o which_o be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o imposition_n because_o the_o same_o be_v impose_v upon_o some_o certain_a and_o particular_a commodity_n and_o not_o in_o general_n as_o custom_n be_v upon_o all_o the_o which_o also_o be_v not_o alike_o rate_v upon_o all_o ware_n for_o though_o they_o be_v find_v now_o to_o be_v much_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n as_o custom_n be_v yet_o original_o they_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v nothing_o but_o custom_n strain_v beyond_o a_o fair_a proportion_n and_o be_v impose_v oftentimes_o more_o for_o the_o enrich_n of_o some_o private_a courtier_n than_o for_o the_o profit_n or_o benefit_n of_o the_o sovereign_n and_o which_o in_o themselves_o be_v find_v to_o be_v very_o heavy_a excessive_a and_o burdensome_a upon_o some_o particular_a commodity_n and_o therefore_o as_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n in_o the_o payment_n thereof_o so_o be_v
7_o 1_o 19_o 0_o  _fw-fr 3_o 22_o 15_o 12_o 21_o ½_n  _fw-fr 1_o 23_o 7_o 8_o 10_o ¾_n  _fw-fr 1_o 13_o 20_o 16_o 8_o ¾_n  _fw-fr 0_o 23_o 15_o 4_o 5_o 0_o  _fw-fr piece_n of_o silver_n 23_o 15_o 21_o 5_o 0_o 13_o  _fw-fr 11_o 19_o 22_o 14_o 12_o 6_o ½_n 4_o 17_o 13_o 20_o 1_o 0_o  _fw-fr 2_o 8_o 18_o 22_o 0_o 12_o  _fw-fr 0_o 18_o 22_o 7_o 8_o 4_o  _fw-fr 0_o 9_o 11_o 3_o 16_o 2_o  _fw-fr 0_o 4_o 17_o 13_o 20_o 1_o  _fw-fr to_o know_v the_o goodness_n of_o gold_n or_o silver_n upon_o the_o touchstone_n by_o compare_v it_o unto_o certain_a wire_n or_o needle_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n of_o several_a allay_v which_o be_v approve_v by_o pliny_n book_n 33._o chap._n 18._o before_o the_o way_n of_o trial_n by_o essay_n by_o fire_n for_o that_o there_o be_v many_o casualty_n in_o the_o practice_n of_o make_v essay_n by_o fire_n and_o the_o other_o by_o the_o touch_n be_v visible_a to_o the_o eye_n those_o needle_n or_o wire_n to_o be_v make_v of_o four_o sort_n first_o they_o be_v make_v of_o gold_n and_o silver_n second_o of_o gold_n and_o copper_n three_o of_o gold_n silver_n and_o copper_n and_o four_o of_o silver_n and_o copper_n the_o three_o first_o sort_n be_v only_o for_o the_o trial_n of_o gold_n and_o the_o last_o for_o silver_n let_v there_o be_v 24_o needle_n of_o wire_n make_v of_o the_o several_a mixture_n or_o allay_v follow_v the_o 1_o of_o 24_o carot_n that_o be_v of_o fine_a gold_n 2_o 23_o carot_n of_o fine_a gold_n and_o 1_o carot_n of_o silver_n 3_o 22_o 2_o 4_o 21_o 3_o 5_o 20_o 4_o and_o so_o still_o 1_o carot_n worst_o till_o you_o have_v but_o one_o carot_n of_o fine_a gold_n and_o 23_o of_o silver_n all_o mark_v of_o what_o fineness_n each_o needle_n or_o wire_n be_v of_o also_o there_o may_v be_v make_v the_o like_a of_o the_o other_o two_o mixture_n viz._n of_o gold_n and_o copper_n likewise_o of_o gold_n silver_n and_o copper_n for_o the_o make_v those_o wire_n or_o needle_n for_o trial_n of_o silver_n let_v the_o mixture_n or_o alloy_n be_v as_o follow_v the_o 1_o of_o fine_a silver_n 2_o 11_o ounce_n of_o fine_a silver_n and_o 1_o ounce_n of_o copper_n 3_o 10_o 2_o 4_o 9_o 3_o and_o so_o till_o you_o have_v 1_o ounce_n of_o silver_n and_o 11_o ounce_n of_o copper_n all_o mark_v of_o what_o fineness_n it_o be_v the_o use_n of_o these_o several_a needle_n be_v if_o you_o desire_v to_o know_v the_o goodness_n or_o fineness_n of_o any_o ingot_n or_o piece_n of_o gold_n or_o silver_n touch_v the_o say_a ingot_n or_o piece_n upon_o your_o touchstone_n and_o by_o it_o touch_v such_o of_o your_o needle_n as_o shall_v be_v most_o like_a the_o touch_n of_o your_o ingot_n which_o will_v better_a appear_v be_v wet_v with_o your_o tongue_n and_o that_o of_o your_o needle_n the_o gold_n or_o silver_n ingot_n or_o piece_n be_v best_a like_a unto_o of_o that_o finess_n it_o will_v be_v find_v to_o be_v show_v the_o fineness_n or_o goodness_n of_o divers_a several_a coin_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o the_o rate_n of_o certain_a foreign_a piece_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n not_o current_n as_o the_o â—…nce_n be_v worth_a in_o the_o king_n mint_n here_o in_o england_n old_a money_n  _fw-fr carot_n gr_n double_a ducat_n the_o essay_n 23_o 2½_n reyser_n rial_n 23_o 3¾_n crusado_n short-cross_n 22_o 3_o crusado_n long-cross_n 22_o 1½_n french_a crown_n 22_o 0½_n half_a suffrant_n or_o old_a crown_n 21_o 3_o pistolet_n of_o spain_n 21_o 3_o milre_n 22_o  _fw-fr philippus_n crown_v 17_o 3_o flemish_a angel_n the_o better_a sort_n 22_o  _fw-fr flemish_n angel_n the_o worse_a 18_o  _fw-fr old_a portuguez_n 23_o 3_o the_o old_a spureal_a 23_o 3½_n the_o old_a noble_a 23_o 3½_n the_o old_a angel_n 23_o 3¼_n the_o george_n noble_a 23_o 3_o the_o salute_v 23_o 3_o the_o angel_n with_o the_o gun-hole_n 22_o  _fw-fr the_o great_a old_a sovereign_a weight_n 18_o do_v w._n 23_o  _fw-fr the_o old_a crown_n of_o hen._n 8_o 21_o  _fw-fr the_o old_a sovereign_n of_o hen._n 8_o 22_o  _fw-fr the_o great_a sovereign_n of_o hen._n 8_o 20_o  _fw-fr the_o half_a sovereign_n of_o hen._n 8_o 20_o  _fw-fr the_n edw._n sovereign_a 21_o  _fw-fr the_n eliz._n sovereign_a and_o crown_n 22_o  _fw-fr the_o french_a noble_a  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o unicorn_n of_o scotland_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o philippus_n real_a 23_o 2_o the_o old_a french_a crown_n 22_o 2_o the_o flanders_n rider_n 23_o 2¾_n the_o gelder_n rider_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o cullen_n gulden_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr the_o flanders_n noble_a 23_o 2_o the_o golden_a lion_n 23_o  _fw-fr the_o ducat_n of_o castille_n 23_o 2½_n the_o old_a andreas_n gulden_n 18_o 3_o the_o philippus_n gulden_n 15_o 3_o the_o ducat_n of_o valence_n 23_o 2¾_n the_o hungary_n ducat_n of_o several_a sort_n 23_o 2½_n the_o ducat_n of_o rome_n bullen_n and_o milan_n 23_o 2_o the_o barbary_n gold_n 23_o 2_o the_o double_a pistolet_n with_o the_o picture_n of_o a_o king_n crown_v on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o arm_n on_o the_o other_o side_n date_v 1578_o 21_o 3_o the_o 2_o double_a pistolet_n with_o the_o picture_n of_o a_o king_n crown_v on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o arm_n on_o the_o other_o 21_o 3¼_n the_o double_a pistolet_n with_o a_o image_n like_o a_o apostle_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o arm_n on_o the_o other_o date_v 1566._o 23_o 1¼_n the_o double_a pistolet_n with_o a_o spread-eagle_n crown_v and_o arm_n in_o a_o scutcheon_n with_o 2_o letter_n s._n r._n 23_o 3_o the_o fineness_n or_o goodness_n of_o certain_a coin_n of_o silver_n  _fw-fr oz._n pw_n a_o dollar_n with_o 4_o hages_n and_o 4_o peep_v over_o and_o 4_o crown_n over_o the_o peep_v and_o a_o emperor_n on_o the_o other_o side_n date_v 1577._o 8_o 18_o a_o dollar_n with_o 3_o horn_n in_o a_o scutcheon_n and_o two_o crest_n and_o a_o horseman_n on_o the_o other_o side_n 9_o 19_o a_o dollar_n with_o a_o ramp_v lion_n and_o a_o spread-eagle_n on_o the_o other_o side_n 9_o 18_o a_o dollar_n with_o a_o lion_n a_o scutcheon_n in_o his_o foot_n and_o a_o spread-eagle_n on_o the_o other_o side_n 9_o 17½_n a_o dollar_n with_o a_o man_n body_n to_o the_o waste_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n arm_n and_o two_o cross_n 9_o 14_o a_o dollar_n with_o the_o picture_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n and_o a_o head_n of_o both_o side_n and_o over_o the_o head_n two_o sword_n across_o 10_o 17_o a_o small_a piece_n of_o money_n with_o scripture_n and_o the_o other_o side_n a_o man_n head_n 10_o 10_o a_o dollar_n with_o a_o cross_n and_o a_o crown_n date_v 1569_o 10_o 18½_n a_o dollar_n of_o maximilian_n with_o a_o spread-eagle_n and_o the_o picture_n of_o the_o emperor_n date_v 1569_o 10_o 12½_n a_o dollar_n with_o a_o cross_n and_o a_o crown_n date_v 1569._o 10_o 14½_n a_o dollar_n with_o three_o scutcheon_n and_o arm_n with_o the_o picture_n of_o our_o lady_n on_o the_o other_o side_n 10_o 18_o a_o dollar_n with_o three_o scutheon_n and_o arm_n in_o they_o and_o a_o cross_n with_o arm_n on_o the_o other_o side_n 10_o 18_o a_o dollar_n with_o three_o scutcheon_n and_o arm_n and_o a_o spread-eagle_n on_o the_o other_o side_n date_v 1549._o 10_o 18_o a_o dollar_n with_o a_o spread-eagle_n and_o a_o crown_n over_o his_o head_n and_o the_o picture_n of_o a_o man_n on_o the_o other_o side_n 1573._o 10_o 15_o a_o dollar_n with_o a_o arm_n and_o picture_n of_o a_o man_n date_v 1549._o 10_o 14_o a_o dollar_n with_o 3_o scutcheon_n and_o arm_n in_o they_o and_o a_o spread-eagle_n with_o a_o talbotshead_n date_v 1549._o 11_o 2_o a_o dollar_n with_o three_o crown_n and_o a_o spread-eagle_n a_o phillippus_n dollar_n of_o the_o base_a sort_n 6_o 16_o a_o dollar_n with_o three_o crown_n and_o a_o spread-eagle_n 10_o 14_o a_o dollar_n with_o a_o ramp_v lion_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o a_o lion_n in_o a_o scutcheon_n and_o half_a a_o man_n on_o the_o other_o side_n 8_o 18_o a_o dollar_n with_o a_o hart_n and_o the_o arm_n in_o a_o scutcheon_n 10_o 12_o a_o dollar_n with_o a_o wild_a man_n hold_v a_o candle_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o a_o ragged_a staff_n on_o the_o other_o side_n 1571._o 10_o 14_o a_o dollar_n of_o the_o same_o and_o like_a superscription_n 10_o 13_o a_o dollar_n with_o the_o image_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n and_o his_o arms._n 10_o 15_o a_o dollar_n of_o the_o same_o with_o like_a superscription_n 10_o 12½_n a_o dollar_n with_o a_o lion_n in_o the_o scutcheon_n and_o half_a a_o man_n over_o the_o lion_n and_o a_o ramp_v lion_n on_o the_o other_o side_n 9_o  _fw-fr spanish_a money_n a_o spanish_a piece_n of_o money_n with_o a_o sheaf_n of_o arrow_n
of_o species_n wherein_o merchant_n be_v observe_v to_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o all_o the_o say_a place_n with_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n there_o extant_a and_o in_o use_n and_o last_o the_o manner_n how_o the_o par_fw-fr and_o price_n of_o all_o exchange_n in_o the_o say_a place_n be_v settle_v order_v continue_a and_o maintain_v i_o will_v now_o proceed_v to_o the_o particular_n thereof_o make_v my_o entrance_n into_o america_n as_o further_a from_o we_o and_o as_o least_o know_v to_o we_o and_o first_o survey_v the_o trade_n thereof_o according_a to_o my_o propose_a method_n in_o this_o universal_a map_n of_o commerce_n and_o from_o thence_o coast_v through_o africa_n asia_n and_o europe_n conclude_v my_o pilgrimage_n and_o finish_v my_o map_n in_o the_o desire_a port_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n of_o america_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o chap._n xi_o thereof_o america_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o this_o body_n then_o contain_v in_o this_o universal_a map_n or_o as_o now_o i_o may_v term_v it_o this_o world_n be_v by_o geographer_n divide_v as_o i_o say_v before_o into_o four_o part_n europe_n africa_n asia_n and_o america_n which_o last_o be_v altogether_o unknown_a to_o the_o ancient_n and_o be_v of_o a_o large_a extent_n the_o modern_a have_v divide_v it_o some_o into_o two_o some_o into_o three_o part_n mexicana_n peruana_n magellicana_n and_o each_o of_o these_o part_n be_v find_v to_o contain_v several_a province_n and_o kingdom_n which_o i_o will_v only_o superficial_o look_v over_o thereby_o the_o better_a to_o come_v to_o the_o town_n of_o traffic_n situate_v in_o those_o province_n and_o kingdom_n which_o my_o method_n and_o present_a intention_n will_v enforce_v i_o the_o long_a to_o insist_v upon_o and_o because_o this_o last_o mention_v part_n america_n as_o last_v discover_v be_v least_o know_v unto_o we_o and_o the_o least_o frequent_v by_o our_o nation_n i_o think_v it_o not_o improper_a there_o to_o begin_v to_o delineate_v my_o map_n of_o commerce_n borrow_v herein_o the_o liberty_n of_o those_o navigator_n that_o publish_v their_o card_n leave_v imperfect_a to_o the_o view_n of_o all_o man_n those_o place_n land_n and_o harbour_n which_o have_v not_o be_v full_o discover_v and_o find_v out_o and_o thence_o sail_v homeward_o by_o africa_n and_o asia_n into_o europe_n gather_v in_o each_o country_n as_o i_o pass_v more_o variety_n of_o colour_n to_o adorn_v and_o beautisie_n this_o treatise_n and_o so_o at_o last_o to_o close_v my_o whole_a labour_n and_o finish_v my_o map_n within_o the_o circumserence_n of_o london_n as_o better_v know_v unto_o we_o and_o as_o be_v better_o verse_v in_o their_o several_a manner_n of_o negotiation_n this_o new_a world_n then_o call_v by_o we_o america_n and_o now_o a-days_o pass_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o west-indies_n be_v west_n in_o respect_n of_o its_o situation_n and_o india_n in_o respect_n of_o its_o wealth_n be_v at_o first_o discover_v by_o christopher_n columbus_n a_o genoese_a at_o the_o charge_n of_o ferdinando_n and_o isabel_n king_n and_o queen_n of_o castilia_n after_o 63_o day_n sail_v from_o sevil._n then_o second_o by_o americus_n vesputius_n a_o florentine_a at_o the_o charge_n of_o emmanuel_n king_n of_o portugal_n and_o three_o by_o john_n cabot_n a_o venetian_a at_o the_o charge_n of_o henry_n the_o seven_o king_n of_o england_n the_o first_o and_o last_o have_v their_o adventure_n of_o discover_v some_o island_n only_o in_o this_o part_n and_o americus_n of_o the_o main_a continent_n and_o thereby_o gain_v the_o honour_n of_o give_v name_n to_o that_o vast_a circuit_n of_o earth_n which_o since_o by_o sundry_a other_o have_v be_v more_o exact_o discover_v as_o by_o our_o countryman_n drake_n candish_n frobisher_n davies_n willouby_a burrows_n and_o other_o as_o desire_v to_o share_v with_o the_o first_o discoverer_n in_o the_o riches_n and_o wealth_n which_o thence_o spread_v itself_o over_o all_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n this_o america_n then_o or_o more_o proper_o in_o honour_n of_o the_o first_o discoverer_n columba_n bound_v as_o i_o mention_v before_o be_v find_v by_o the_o spaniard_n who_o challenge_v all_o this_o large_a territory_n for_o their_o own_o by_o conquest_n to_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n mexicana_n and_o peruana_n of_o which_o brief_o chap._n xii_o of_o mexicana_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o mexicana_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o mexicana_n contain_v the_o northern_a tract_n of_o america_n and_o comprehend_v these_o distinct_a province_n 1_o mexico_n 2_o quivira_n 3_o nicaragua_n 4_o jucutan_n 5_o florida_n 6_o virginia_n and_o new-england_n 7_o nurembega_n 8_o nova_n francia_n 9_o corterialis_n 10_o estotilandia_n mexico_n mexico_n mexico_n give_v name_n to_o half_a america_n now_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o nova_n hispania_n whence_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n style_v themselves_o hispaniarum_fw-la reges_fw-la it_o be_v very_o populous_a before_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o spaniard_n who_o in_o 17_o year_n slay_v six_o million_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n roast_v some_o cut_v off_o the_o member_n and_o put_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o other_o and_o cast_v they_o live_v to_o be_v devour_v of_o wild_a beast_n to_o which_o place_n now_o be_v find_v no_o trade_n nor_o commerce_n by_o any_o nation_n save_v only_o to_o the_o subject_n of_o this_o king_n and_o to_o such_o only_a as_o be_v know_v for_o natural-born_a spaniard_n though_o at_o first_o the_o same_o be_v grant_v by_o isabel_n to_o the_o native_n of_o castille_n only_o and_o andalusia_n but_o now_o indifferent_o to_o all_o mexico_n commodity_n of_o mexico_n the_o commodity_n that_o this_o country_n be_v find_v to_o afford_v for_o merchandise_n be_v principal_o gold_n and_o silver_n mine_n sugar_n tobacco_n ginger_n tallow_n hides_n and_o some_o spice_n not_o know_v to_o our_o ancestor_n till_o the_o discovery_n thereof_o tree_n metle_v a_o admirable_a tree_n and_o among_o other_o not_o to_o be_v forget_v that_o admirable_a tree_n call_v metle_n which_o by_o they_o be_v plant_v and_o dress_v as_o we_o do_v our_o vine_n have_v 40_o kind_n of_o leaf_n serve_v to_o several_a use_n for_o when_o they_o be_v tender_a they_o make_v of_o they_o conserve_n paper_n flax_n mantle_n mat_n shoe_n girdle_n and_o cordage_n on_o these_o leaf_n grow_v certain_a hard_a prickle_n so_o strong_a and_o sharp_a that_o they_o use_v they_o instead_o of_o saw_n from_o the_o root_n of_o this_o tree_n come_v a_o juice_n like_v unto_o syrup_n which_o be_v sod_a become_v honey_n if_o purify_v become_v sugar_n or_o otherwise_o thereof_o be_v make_v both_o wine_n and_o vinegar_n the_o rind_n roast_v heal_v hurt_n and_o sore_n and_o from_o the_o top-bough_n issue_v a_o gum_n which_o be_v a_o excellent_a antidote_n against_o poison_n this_o country_n be_v divide_v into_o four_o division_n michael_n st._n michael_n the_o first_o be_v nova_n galicia_n the_o chief_a town_n thereof_o be_v call_v saint_n michael_n a_o colony_n of_o the_o spaniard_n sinsonso_n sinsonso_n the_o second_o be_v mechuacan_a one_o of_o the_o best_a country_n of_o new-spain_n abound_v in_o mulberry-tree_n silk_n honey_n wax_n and_o store_n of_o fish_n of_o all_o kind_n the_o principal_a town_n be_v sinsonso_n and_o the_o chief_a havens_n be_v at_o saint_n anthony_n and_o at_o saint_n james_n or_o as_o the_o spaniard_n call_v it_o saint_n jago_n ilascalan_n ilascalan_n the_o three_o province_n be_v gustacan_a the_o chief_a city_n be_v ilascalan_n yield_v for_o beauty_n and_o state_n precedency_n to_o mexico_n and_o none_o other_o in_o all_o these_o part_n the_o principal_a part_n be_v villarico_n a_o wealthy_a town_n as_o the_o place_n through_o which_o all_o the_o traffic_n of_o old_a and_o new_a spain_n do_v pass_v mexico_n city_n of_o mexico_n the_o four_o be_v mexico_n wherein_o that_o famous_a city_n of_o mexico_n be_v seat_v now_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o spanish_a viceroy_n and_o archbishop_n of_o new-spain_n this_o city_n be_v say_v to_o be_v situate_v in_o a_o lake_n upon_o certain_a island_n as_o venice_n do_v every_o where_o interlace_v with_o the_o pleasant_a current_n of_o fresh_a and_o sea-water_n and_o carry_v a_o face_n of_o more_o civil_a government_n than_o any_o other_o in_o america_n though_o nothing_o if_o compare_v with_o any_o in_o europe_n the_o lake_n be_v say_v to_o be_v 50_o mile_n in_o compass_n on_o who_o bank_n be_v find_v many_o pleasant_a town_n and_o house_n also_o it_o be_v say_v that_o fifty_o thousand_o wherry_n be_v see_v here_o continual_o ply_v and_o afford_v such_o quantity_n of_o fish_n that_o the_o same_o be_v worth_a 20000_o crown_n yearly_a the_o city_n of_o mexico_n itself_o be_v six_o mile_n in_o compass_n contain_v 6000_o house_n of_o spaniard_n and_o 6000_o of_o indian_n it_o have_v also_o a_o printing-house_n a_o mint_n and_o a_o university_n and_o some_o church_n of_o
by_o the_o neighbour_a shire_n mam_n cimbri_n the_o mother_n of_o wales_n as_o have_v of_o all_o food_n and_o other_o provision_n necessary_a to_o preserve_v the_o life_n of_o man_n out_o of_o which_o be_v yearly_o send_v 3000_o head_n of_o cattle_n to_o supply_v the_o want_n of_o other_o country_n adjoin_v together_o with_o a_o good_a quantity_n of_o corn_n butter_n cheese_n etc._n etc._n the_o same_o have_v in_o time_n past_o 300_o town_n and_o village_n beaumares_n beaumares_n now_o it_o have_v but_o one_o of_o consequence_n remain_v call_v beaumare_n commodious_a for_o trade_n as_o command_v a_o fair_a safe_a and_o capacious_a haven_n and_o road_n to_o which_o as_o be_v the_o place_n of_o my_o birth_n i_o owe_v this_o grateful_a remembrance_n jarsey_n jarsey_n jarsey_n be_v the_o next_o in_o compass_n 20_o mile_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v st._n hillary_n and_o s._n mollo_n abound_v in_o sheep_n etc._n etc._n garnsey_n garnsey_n then_o garnsey_n 20_o mile_n distant_a from_o jarsey_n rich_a in_o good_a harbour_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v st._n peter_n wight_n wight_n the_o last_o be_v the_o isle_n of_o wight_n be_v 20_o mile_n long_o and_o 12_o broad_a the_o principal_a town_n be_v yarmouth_n newport_n and_o bradring_n it_o be_v well_o fortify_v and_o strengthen_v against_o all_o foreign_a attempt_n whatsoever_o there_o be_v also_o some_o other_o petty_a island_n round_o about_o this_o shore_n but_o i_o will_v pass_v they_o to_o come_v to_o those_o of_o great_a note_n and_o consequence_n which_o be_v ireland_n and_o great_a britain_n the_o last_o isle_n and_o place_n both_o of_o this_o my_o travel_n and_o traffic_n chap._n cclxiii_o of_o ireland_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o ireland_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o ireland_n stand_v west_n of_o britain_n contain_v in_o length_n 400_o mile_n and_o in_o breadth_n 200_o mile_n enjoy_v this_o prerogative_n by_o nature_n that_o no_o venomous_a serpent_n will_v either_o live_v here_o if_o bring_v from_o other_o region_n nor_o yet_o do_v natural_o breed_v here_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o 5_o province_n which_o according_a to_o my_o former_a method_n i_o will_v in_o order_n touch_v and_o see_v what_o town_n of_o note_n they_o contain_v 1_o munster_n 1_o munster_n be_v the_o first_o wherein_o be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o limrick_n seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o shanâ—…_n 2_o cork_n 3._o kingsale_n and_o 4._o waterford_n the_o first_o ground_n that_o ever_o i_o tread_v on_o out_o of_o my_o native_a soil_n be_v about_o 13_o or_o 14_o year_n old_a and_o then_o begin_v to_o be_v employ_v by_o my_o parent_n in_o trade_n of_o merchandise_v 2._o connaught_n 2._o connaught_n be_v the_o second_o province_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v dunratty_a and_o galloway_n the_o three_o city_n in_o ireland_n both_o for_o fairness_n largeness_n and_o for_o pleasant_a dwelling_n and_o situation_n 3_o ulster_n 3_o ulster_n be_v the_o three_o province_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v dundale_n 2._o dungannon_n 3._o armagh_n a_o archbishopric_n 4._o dongal_n and_o 5._o london-derry_n late_o build_v and_o people_v by_o the_o city_n and_o citizen_n of_o london_n 4._o meth_n 4._o meth_n be_v the_o four_o the_o chief_a town_n be_v kelly_n 2._o he_o and_o last_o tredagh_n a_o fine_a town_n where_o also_o i_o reside_v in_o these_o my_o young_a year_n of_o travel_n and_o first_o employment_n in_o traffic_n 5._o lempster_n 5._o lempster_n be_v the_o last_o province_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o mareaburg_n philips-town_n kildare_n and_o dublin_n of_o the_o trade_n whereof_o a_o word_n chap._n cclxiv_o of_o dublin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o of_o dublin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o dublin_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o life_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o ireland_n and_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o lord_n deputy_n for_o the_o king_n of_o england_n who_o be_v sovereign_a here_o it_o be_v also_o a_o archbishopric_n and_o a_o university_n ireland_n commodity_n of_o ireland_n the_o commodity_n the_o country_n do_v afford_v for_o merchandise_n be_v these_o first_o the_o country_n abound_v in_o cattle_n each_o afford_v tallow_n and_o hide_v in_o great_a abundance_n which_o be_v hence_o export_v to_o spain_n france_n and_o italy_n also_o salmon_n be_v here_o catch_v good_a store_n in_o july_n august_n and_o september_n which_o be_v salt_v and_o export_v and_o in_o summer_n the_o quantity_n be_v so_o great_a in_o some_o part_n of_o this_o island_n that_o the_o servant_n do_v covenant_n with_o their_o master_n they_o must_v not_o feed_v thereon_o but_o certain_a day_n in_o the_o week_n herring_n be_v here_o also_o catch_v and_o account_v the_o best_a as_o also_o pilchard_n in_o august_n september_n and_o october_n and_o thence_o vent_v to_o spain_n france_n and_o into_o the_o strait_n of_o gibraltar_n here_o be_v also_o some_o butter_n cheese_n pipe-stave_n calves-skin_n and_o other_o commodity_n of_o late_a day_n prohibit_v to_o be_v export_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n ireland_n coin_n of_o ireland_n the_o coin_n of_o this_o kingdom_n in_o the_o standard_n carry_v a_o concurrence_n with_o those_o of_o england_n which_o also_o here_o be_v current_a for_o the_o value_n as_o be_v subject_a to_o one_o and_o the_o same_o sceptre_n yet_o in_o distinction_n of_o the_o true_a and_o real_a worth_n be_v find_v thus_o entitle_v the_o pound_n of_o ireland_n consist_v of_o 20_o shilling_n irish_a yet_o in_o sterling_a be_v account_v but_o 15_o shilling_n the_o shilling_n by_o this_o account_n be_v but_o 9_o d._n sterling_a and_o the_o 6_o d._n irish_a be_v 4½_n d._n sterling_a ireland_n exchange_n of_o ireland_n here_o be_v also_o a_o exchange_n find_v and_o practise_v but_o not_o for_o any_o foreign_a part_n save_v england_n and_o principal_o london_n and_o bristol_n common_o run_v at_o 8_o d._n upon_o the_o pound_n and_o when_o most_o at_o 12_o d._n per_fw-la l._n which_o be_v 5_o per_fw-la cent_n england_n weight_n and_o measure_n as_o in_o england_n dublin_n and_o in_o general_a all_o ireland_n have_v the_o measure_n and_o weight_n of_o england_n in_o use_n in_o their_o traffic_n and_o agree_v therewith_o in_o all_o particular_n i_o need_v not_o insist_v further_o therein_o now_o a_o word_n of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o ireland_n as_o it_o be_v find_v observable_a in_o these_o day_n ireland_n of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o ireland_n the_o daily_a conversation_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n and_o the_o late_a impartial_a and_o find_v administration_n of_o justice_n in_o this_o country_n have_v redeem_v this_o island_n from_o the_o jaw_n of_o barbarism_n wherein_o it_o be_v ready_a to_o fall_v and_o suffer_v a_o ruin_n and_o since_o by_o little_a and_o little_a peace_n be_v firm_o establish_v have_v bring_v the_o inhabitant_n to_o a_o desire_n of_o enrich_v themselves_o and_o this_o desire_n have_v so_o well_o be_v second_v by_o their_o industry_n that_o i_o may_v say_v it_o have_v bring_v store_n and_o plenty_n into_o their_o dwelling_n which_o have_v hitherto_o meet_v with_o so_o good_a a_o success_n that_o whereas_o few_o year_n past_o this_o country_n be_v with_o all_o necessary_n supply_v out_o of_o england_n and_o scotland_n abundance_n it_o now_o return_v that_o courtesy_n and_o contribute_v some_o year_n not_o only_o to_o the_o want_n of_o both_o but_o to_o the_o want_n of_o spain_n france_n and_o some_o other_o adjoin_v country_n for_o now_o it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o earth_n and_o sea_n add_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n labour_n and_o pain_n as_o first_o the_o sea_n and_o river_n in_o their_o season_n afford_v they_o great_a plenty_n of_o codfish_n hake_n fish_n pitchard_n herring_n and_o these_o of_o both_o the_o large_a best_a and_o in_o abundance_n which_o they_o take_v kill_v and_o salt_n and_o so_o disperse_v as_o a_o merchandise_n into_o france_n spain_n england_n scotland_n and_o other_o country_n then_o the_o earth_n yield_v they_o a_o good_a breed_n of_o cattle_n especial_o sheep_n and_o ox_n in_o such_o store_n that_o they_o have_v thereof_o in_o great_a abundance_n as_o also_o of_o hide_n wool_n tallow_n butter_n cheese_n and_o beef_n and_o the_o wool_n they_o by_o manufacture_n convert_v into_o cloth_n mantle_n rug_n frises_n and_o yarn_n whereof_o it_o be_v report_v that_o there_o come_v yearly_a to_o the_o town_n of_o manchester_n in_o lancashire_n to_o be_v there_o weave_v into_o stuff_n at_o least_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o weight_n fine_a and_o coarse_a beside_o which_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n yield_v they_o lead_v iron_n and_o tin_n and_o by_o their_o own_o industry_n they_o have_v many_o other_o manufacture_n as_o also_o pipe-stave_n wax_v honey_n fur_n hemp_n linen_n cloth_n salt_n and_o some_o other_o all_o this_o consider_v what_o shall_v want_v here_o to_o make_v they_o eminent_a merchant_n but_o ship_v and_o skill_n in_o the_o art_n of_o navigation_n and_o
note_n that_o beautify_v the_o same_o it_o be_v vanquish_v by_o fernando_n cortes_n in_o anno_fw-la 1521._o with_o a_o army_n of_o 100000_o american_n only_o 900_o spaniard_n 80_o horse_n 17_o piece_n of_o small_a ordnance_n in_o 13_o brigantin_n and_o 6000_o wherry_n most_o of_o the_o american_n be_v of_o ilascalan_n who_o be_v ever_o adversary_n to_o the_o mexican_n for_o which_o cause_n that_o city_n do_v enjoy_v many_o immunity_n to_o this_o day_n and_o to_o conclude_v according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o a_o english_a traveller_n who_o relation_n i_o herein_o follow_v four_o thing_n be_v here_o remarkable_a for_o beauty_n their_o apparel_n their_o woman_n their_o horse_n and_o their_o sticats_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v serve_v of_o mexico_n 2._o quivira_n 2._o the_o second_o province_n be_v quivira_n seat_v on_o the_o most_o western_a part_n of_o america_n in_o which_o be_v two_o province_n cibola_n take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o chief_a city_n subdue_v by_o francisco_n vasques_n in_o anno_fw-la 1540_o and_o nova_n albion_n discover_v by_o that_o famous_a seaman_n sir_n francis_n drake_n an._n 1585._o and_o by_o he_o so_o call_v the_o chief_a commodity_n and_o riches_n of_o this_o country_n be_v kine_n some_o man_n be_v owner_n of_o forty_o thousand_o and_o these_o serve_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n here_o as_o we_o say_v of_o our_o ale_n to_o drunkard_n in_o england_n meat_n drink_n and_o cloth_n and_o more_o too_o for_o first_o the_o hide_v yield_v they_o house_n or_o to_o say_v more_o proper_o the_o cover_n of_o they_o their_o bone_n bodkin_n their_o hair_n thread_n their_o sinew_n rope_n their_o horn_n maw_n and_o bladder_n vessel_n their_o dung_n fire_n their_o calf-skin_n budget_n to_o draw_v and_o keep_v water_n their_o blood_n for_o drink_v and_o last_o their_o flesh_n for_o meat_n etc._n etc._n 3_o nicaragua_n 3_o the_o three_o be_v nicaragua_n be_v southeast_n from_o mexico_n with_o which_o it_o agree_v in_o nature_n both_o of_o soil_n and_o inhabitant_n and_o account_v for_o its_o pleasantness_n mahomet_n paradise_n tree_n a_o admirable_a tree_n have_v tree_n in_o great_a abundance_n of_o that_o strange_a nature_n that_o a_o branch_n touch_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o any_o man_n wither_v present_o grenada_n nova_fw-la grenada_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v nova_n grenada_n and_o lea_n a_o bishop_n see_n the_o commodity_n thereof_o be_v honey_n wax_n cotton_n and_o balsam_n in_o great_a abundance_n it_o be_v extreme_a hot_a and_o therefore_o not_o to_o be_v travel_v by_o day_n but_o by_o night_n their_o winter_n begin_v in_o may_n and_o from_o thence_o rain_v for_o six_o month_n the_o other_o six_o very_a fair_a and_o dry_a and_o the_o day_n and_o night_n be_v here_o of_o equal_a length_n 4._o jucatan_n 4._o the_o four_o be_v jucatan_n and_o be_v discover_v in_o anno_fw-la 1517._o which_v in_o the_o language_n of_o the_o place_n signify_v what_o say_v you_o which_o be_v the_o answer_n the_o inhabitant_n give_v the_o spaniard_n that_o first_o demand_v of_o they_o the_o name_n of_o their_o country_n and_o since_o by_o this_o mean_n retain_v that_o name_n by_o the_o spaniard_n campechio_n campechio_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v campechio_n whence_o come_v that_o wood_n so_o well_o know_v in_o europe_n also_o here_o be_v the_o island_n call_v by_o the_o spaniard_n santo_n crux_fw-la wherein_o be_v a_o city_n of_o that_o name_n well_o fortify_v by_o they_o 5._o florida_n 5._o the_o five_o be_v florida_n discover_v by_o the_o english_a under_o the_o conduct_n of_o sebastian_n cabot_n an._n 1467._o then_o possess_v by_o the_o spaniard_n in_o anno_fw-la 1527._o and_o call_v florida_n afterward_o the_o french_a get_v foot_v here_o in_o anno_fw-la 1562_o but_o the_o spaniard_n unwilling_a the_o french_a shall_v be_v eye_n witness_n of_o their_o rich_a booty_n wage_v war_n with_o they_o so_o long_o that_o there_o be_v not_o a_o man_n leave_v on_o either_o side_n to_o maintain_v the_o quarrel_n and_o then_o be_v florida_n again_o in_o 1567._o abandon_v the_o spaniard_n now_o hold_v there_o three_o strong_a fort_n st._n james_n st._n philip_n and_o st._n augustin_n which_o last_o be_v take_v and_o burn_v by_o sir_n francis_n drake_n 1586._o which_o since_o be_v repair_v and_o that_o be_v all_o the_o spaniard_n hold_v here_o at_o this_o day_n desire_v as_o it_o seem_v neither_o to_o plant_v further_a himself_o nor_o suffer_v other_o to_o do_v it_o 6._o virginia_n 6._o the_o six_o be_v virginia_n which_o be_v discover_v by_o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n anno_fw-la 1584._o and_o in_o honour_n of_o our_o queen_n call_v virginia_n it_o lie_v in_o the_o height_n of_o 35_o degree_n northerly_a latitude_n extend_v to_o 38_o degree_n or_o thereabouts_o be_v seat_v and_o plant_v from_o 37_o to_o 38_o by_o the_o english_a under_o the_o supreme_a authority_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v the_o great_a bay_n of_o roanoke_n and_o cape_n florida_n to_o the_o southward_n and_o maryland_n to_o the_o northward_o the_o main_a entrance_n into_o virginia_n out_o of_o the_o sea_n be_v about_o 10_o league_n broad_a between_o two_o point_n of_o low-land_n that_o on_o the_o south_n be_v call_v cape_n henry_n that_o on_o the_o north_n cape_n charles_n by_o which_o they_o pass_v into_o a_o great_a river_n or_o bay_n call_v the_o bay_n of_o chesapiake_n which_o run_v away_o northerly_a about_o 100_o league_n into_o which_o river_n or_o bay_n of_o chesapiake_n many_o other_o great_a river_n empty_a themselves_o all_o run_v up_o west_n and_o north-west_n into_o the_o country_n 100_o 120_o and_o some_o 140_o or_o 150_o mile_n be_v 3_o 4_o 5_o and_o some_o of_o they_o 6_o or_o 8_o mile_n broad_a all_o which_o with_o some_o other_o small_a river_n which_o fall_v into_o they_o be_v navigable_a for_o ship_n have_v 4_o 5_o 6_o 7_o 8_o fathom_n and_o in_o the_o shallow_a part_n not_o less_o than_o three_o fathom_n depth_n of_o water_n ship_n that_o come_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n be_v harbour_v so_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v within_o the_o aforesaid_a cape_n and_o may_v ride_v safe_o in_o any_o of_o those_o river_n where_o they_o please_v within_o a_o mile_n half_o a_o mile_n and_o in_o some_o place_n within_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n of_o the_o shore_n which_o also_o they_o do_v anchor_a sometime_o at_o one_o place_n sometime_o at_o another_o for_o the_o deliver_v out_o and_o take_v in_o of_o their_o good_n in_o the_o several_a plantation_n and_o the_o several_a river_n as_o stand_v best_a with_o their_o conveniency_n after_o they_o have_v give_v the_o governor_n a_o account_n of_o their_o arrival_n and_o from_o whence_o they_o come_v the_o first_o river_n after_o they_o be_v within_o the_o cape_n in_o the_o bay_n of_o chesapiake_n be_v call_v james_n river_n the_o next_o pamunkee_n or_o york_n river_n than_o payancatank_n rapahanock_n wicocomoce_n and_o some_o other_o upon_o the_o western_a shore_n of_o that_o bay_n and_o some_o on_o the_o eastern_a shore_n thereof_o most_o of_o which_o river_n receive_v their_o name_n from_o the_o indian_n who_o be_v the_o only_a inhabitant_n and_o possessor_n of_o that_o great_a country_n before_o the_o english_a come_v there_o and_o who_o still_o some_o of_o they_o live_v round_o about_o our_o people_n and_o in_o some_o place_n near_o unto_o they_o within_z three_z or_o four_o mile_n of_o some_o of_o our_o plantation_n but_o be_v nothing_o so_o numerous_a as_o at_o the_o first_o be_v very_o much_o lessen_v and_o destroy_v by_o the_o quarrel_n and_o war_n among_o themselves_o and_o with_o the_o english_a especial_o in_o and_o short_o after_o the_o year_n 1621._o and_o 1644_o at_o which_o time_n they_o treacherous_o fall_v upon_o our_o people_n and_o massacre_v about_o four_o or_o five_o hundred_o person_n each_o time_n in_o one_o hour_n space_n the_o chief_a port_n be_v james_n city_n a_o town_n lie_v about_o 40_o mile_n up_o in_o james_n river_n which_o be_v common_o the_o place_n of_o the_o governors_n residence_n and_o where_o the_o principal_a matter_n relate_v to_o government_n and_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n for_o the_o whole_a country_n be_v transact_v by_o the_o governor_n and_o his_o council_n four_o time_n a_o year_n call_v quarter_n court_n and_o once_o a_o year_n by_o the_o general_n assembly_n who_o likewise_o meet_v there_o be_v such_o burgess_n as_o be_v elect_v in_o the_o several_a county_n by_o the_o people_n and_o send_v thither_o to_o sit_v and_o act_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o our_o parliament_n here_o in_o london_n matter_n of_o lesser_a consequence_n be_v hear_v and_o determine_v in_o the_o several_a county_n by_o commissioner_n authorize_v for_o that_o purpose_n call_v the_o county_n court_v who_o sit_v every_o month_n or_o every_o two_o month_n in_o which_o court_n and_o all_o other_o their_o trial_n and_o proceed_n be_v in_o all_o respect_v conformable_a as_o
abovementioned_a shagged_a cloth_n call_v duffeild_n and_o brandywine_n linen_n cloth_n shoe_n stocking_n and_o other_o necessary_n for_o clothe_v their_o policy_n be_v to_o prohibit_v the_o importation_n of_o gun_n powder_n and_o shot_n so_o that_o all_o foreiner_n be_v to_o beware_v how_o they_o come_v there_o with_o that_o commodity_n for_o the_o stranger_n shall_v be_v sure_a to_o have_v it_o seize_v without_o some_o close_a contrivance_n in_o the_o land_n of_o it_o but_o once_o land_v and_o on_o the_o shore_n they_o be_v sell_v there_o in_o their_o common_a shop_n there_o be_v in_o new-amsterdam_n 1000_o people_n and_o among_o all_o their_o other_o town_n about_o 1000_o more_o man_n woman_n and_o child_n by_o which_o it_o may_v be_v estimate_v what_o quantity_n of_o clothe_v may_v be_v vend_v there_o 7._o corterialis_n 7._o the_o seven_o be_v terra_fw-la corterialis_n on_o the_o south_n whereof_o run_v that_o famous_a river_n of_o caneda_n rise_v out_o of_o the_o hill_n hombuedo_fw-es run_v nine_o hundred_o mile_n and_o find_v navigable_a for_o eight_o hundred_o thereof_o this_o country_n be_v discover_v by_o gaspar_n corterialis_n a_o portugal_n in_o anno_fw-la 1500._o and_o afford_v only_o some_o rich_a skin_n and_o fur_n for_o commodity_n and_o merchandise_n the_o chief_a town_n thereof_o be_v breast_n cabomarso_n and_o other_o of_o little_a note_n 8._o nurembega_n 8._o the_o eight_o be_v nurembega_n and_o the_o chief_a town_n carry_v that_o name_n in_o possession_n of_o the_o french_a other_o thing_n remarkable_a i_o find_v not_o observable_a therein_o 9_o nova_fw-la francia_n 9_o the_o nine_o be_v nova_n francia_n discover_v by_o jaques_n cartier_n a_o frenchman_n in_o anno_fw-la 1534._o inhabit_v beside_o the_o native_n with_o some_o few_o frenchman_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v canada_n and_o next_o sanguinai_n seat_v both_o upon_o two_o river_n so_o call_v afford_v only_o some_o skin_n and_o fur_n especial_o bever_n which_o thence_o by_o the_o french_a be_v transport_v into_o europe_n 10._o estotiland_n 10._o the_o last_o and_o ten_o be_v estotiland_n call_v by_o we_o new-found_a land_n by_o the_o english_a discover_v in_o anno_fw-la 1527._o who_o impose_v the_o name_n upon_o the_o cape_n and_o river_n which_o now_o they_o hold_v where_o some_o have_v go_v to_o plant_v but_o the_o cold_a have_v be_v find_v to_o be_v too_o extreme_a for_o the_o english_a constitution_n newfoundland_n fish_v in_o the_o newfoundland_n but_o in_o the_o summer_n season_n the_o sea_n here_o be_v find_v to_o abound_v with_o fish_n in_o such_o abundance_n that_o a_o man_n may_v take_v in_o a_o hour_n space_n a_o hundred_o great_a fish_n which_o be_v open_v salt_v and_o dry_v upon_o the_o rock_n and_o brach_n be_v hence_o transport_v to_o all_o part_n of_o europe_n and_o know_v in_o england_n by_o the_o name_n of_o new-land-fish_n in_o french_a by_o the_o name_n of_o morleux_n in_o italy_n bacalio_n and_o in_o spain_n abadeses_n five_o hundred_o sail_n great_a and_o small_a do_v from_o england_n yearly_a sail_n to_o this_o coast_n and_o to_o a_o place_n call_v the_o bank_n a_o sand_n of_o 15_o in_o 20_o fathom_n deep_a thirty_o league_n off_o of_o this_o coast_n and_o these_o depart_n from_o our_o coast_n about_o the_o end_n of_o february_n and_o arrive_v there_o about_o the_o middle_n of_o april_n unrigge_v their_o ship_n set_v up_o booth_n and_o cabanet_n on_o the_o shore_n in_o divers_a creek_n and_o harbour_n and_o there_o with_o fish_v provision_n and_o salt_n begin_v their_o fish_n in_o shallop_n and_o boat_n continue_v it_o till_o september_n and_o at_o this_o time_n do_v not_o only_o catch_v as_o many_o fish_n as_o will_v lade_v their_o ship_n but_o also_o as_o many_o as_o will_v lade_v vessel_n of_o great_a burden_n that_o in_o the_o summer_n come_v hither_o from_o england_n and_o other_o part_n to_o buy_v up_o the_o same_o and_o purposely_o to_o transport_v it_o for_o spain_n italy_n and_o other_o country_n and_o this_o fish_n end_v and_o the_o cold_a beginning_n they_o leave_v their_o station_n and_o booth_n and_o repair_v aboard_o their_o ship_n lade_v their_o fish_n and_o rig_v their_o vessel_n return_v to_o their_o native_a home_n where_o these_o fisherman_n winter_n and_o then_o become_v husbandman_n so_o that_o their_o life_n may_v be_v compare_v to_o the_o otter_n which_o be_v spend_v half_a on_o land_n and_o half_a in_o sea_n this_o fish_n be_v find_v to_o be_v wonderful_a beneficial_a to_o our_o western_a part_n of_o england_n who_o inhabitant_n conside_v upon_o the_o constancy_n of_o the_o yearly_a fish_n upon_o this_o coast_n it_o be_v usual_a with_o they_o to_o sell_v the_o say_a fish_n either_o by_o tale_n or_o the_o hundred_o weight_n in_o england_n by_o contract_n before_o they_o either_o depart_v their_o home_n or_o before_o the_o say_a fish_n be_v catch_v at_o profitable_a rate_n and_o when_o their_o summer_n be_v once_o spend_v and_o that_o the_o cold_a once_o approach_v and_o that_o the_o fish_n begin_v to_o leave_v the_o coast_n they_o return_v content_v to_o their_o family_n where_o oftentimes_o in_o winter_n they_o merry_o spend_v what_o thus_o in_o summer_n they_o have_v painful_o fish_v for_o other_o note_n of_o trading_n worthy_a observation_n at_o my_o therebeing_a in_o my_o young_a day_n i_o observe_v not_o the_o weight_n and_o coin_n of_o england_n pass_v there_o current_a among_o the_o english_a and_o the_o price_n of_o fish_n once_o general_o cut_v at_o their_o fish_v stale_n do_v afterward_o in_o lieu_n of_o coin_n by_o way_n of_o commutation_n all_o that_o year_n pass_v current_n for_o all_o needful_a commodity_n and_o be_v esteem_v as_o a_o valuable_a consideration_n among_o they_o from_o one_o man_n to_o another_o and_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o province_n and_o city_n of_o mexicana_n chap._n xiii_o of_o peruana_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o peruana_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o peruana_n contain_v the_o southern_a part_n of_o america_n and_o be_v tie_v to_o mexicana_n by_o the_o straight_a of_o darien_n be_v ten_o mile_n broad_a some_o hold_v the_o spaniard_n do_v once_o intend_v to_o cut_v this_o straight_a through_o and_o make_v it_o navigable_a and_o thereby_o shorten_v the_o way_n to_o the_o south_n sea_n china_n moluccos_fw-la but_o hitherto_o we_o hear_v not_o that_o the_o same_o be_v any_o way_n attempt_v this_o part_n do_v comprehend_v by_o the_o computation_n of_o the_o spaniard_n who_o relation_n in_o this_o vast_a country_n i_o must_v follow_v five_o distinct_a province_n 1_o castilia_n aurea_n 2_o guiana_n 3_o peru._n 4_o brasilia_n 5_o chile_n of_o each_o brief_o aurea_n castilia_n aurea_n castilia_n aurea_n be_v the_o first_o and_o be_v so_o term_v by_o the_o spaniard_n at_o its_o discovery_n for_o the_o abundance_n of_o gold_n find_v therein_o beside_o which_o it_o be_v admirable_o store_v with_o silver_n spice_n and_o some_o drug_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o four_o province_n which_o be_v first_o castilia_n del_fw-it oro_fw-la situate_v in_o the_o very_a isthmus_n and_o be_v not_o populous_a by_o reason_n of_o unhealthfulness_n of_o the_o air_n proceed_v from_o the_o many_o stand_a pool_n find_v therein_o the_o chief_a city_n be_v nombre_fw-fr de_fw-fr dios_fw-es bella._n porta_n bella._n and_o now_o porta_n bella_n the_o chief_a port_n at_o which_o the_o fleet_n unlade_v on_o the_o east_n and_o panama_n on_o the_o westside_n thereof_o both_o build_v by_o didacus_n niquesa_n the_o discoverer_n which_o since_o for_o their_o unhealthful_a situation_n be_v remove_v by_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n command_n by_o petro_n aria_n than_o viceroy_n through_o which_o two_o town_n come_v all_o the_o rich_a traffic_n that_o be_v betwixt_o spain_n and_o peru_n panama_n panama_n for_o whatsoever_o commodity_n come_v out_o of_o peru_n be_v unlade_v at_o panama_n carry_v by_o land_n to_o porta_n bella_n and_o thence_o ship_v for_o spain_n and_o what_o commodity_n come_v from_o spain_n be_v land_v at_o porta_n bella_n and_o be_v carry_v by_o land_n to_o panama_n and_o so_o lade_v for_o peru._n verd._n the_o island_n of_o cape_n verd._n they_o be_v so_o call_v be_v situate_v against_o cape_n verd_fw-mi in_o the_o land_n of_o negro_n and_o be_v 10_o in_o number_n viz._n 1._o st._n antonio_n 2._o st._n vincent_n 3._o the_o isle_n of_o salt_n 4._o boam_o vesta_fw-la 5._o maio_n 6._o j._n d._n fogo_n so_o name_v from_o the_o frequent_a flash_v of_o fire_n 7._o st._n lucia_n 8._o st._n nicholas_n 9_o brane_n 10._o st._n jago_n they_o be_v discover_v in_o the_o year_n 1440._o by_o a_o genoese_a for_o the_o portugal_n lie_v all_o between_o 13_o and_o 18_o degree_n north-latitude_n and_o about_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o longitude_n at_o present_a only_o three_o of_o they_o inhabit_v by_o the_o portugal_n and_o they_o but_o of_o little_a concernment_n to_o our_o business_n of_o trade_n st._n jago_n be_v the_o most_o
the_o five_o arguer_n the_o six_o be_v alcase_a near_o to_o which_o the_o three_o king_n sebastian_z of_o portugal_n mahomet_n of_o fez_n and_o abdelmelech_n of_o morocco_n competitor_n for_o this_o kingdom_n be_v slay_v in_o one_o day_n together_o with_o many_o other_o of_o eminent_a quality_n and_o stuckley_n that_o famous_a infamous_a english_a rebel_n in_o an._n 1578._o and_o seven_o fez_n the_o metropolis_n which_o for_o its_o greatness_n merit_v a_o more_o serious_a consideration_n chap._n xxi_o of_o the_o city_n fez_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o city_n of_o fez_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o this_o city_n bear_v the_o name_n of_o fez_n from_o the_o abundance_n of_o gold_n as_o writer_n record_v that_o be_v find_v in_o dig_v the_o foundation_n thereof_o it_o be_v beautify_v with_o many_o goodly_a building_n both_o public_a and_o private_a it_o be_v divide_v by_o the_o river_n sabu_n into_o three_o part_n contain_v in_o all_o 82000_o household_n have_v 700_o mosch_n or_o temple_n 50_o of_o they_o be_v adorn_v with_o pillar_n of_o alabaster_n and_o jasper_n and_o one_o seat_v in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o city_n call_v carucen_n be_v the_o most_o sumptuous_a contain_v a_o mile_n in_o compass_n in_o breadth_n cantain_v 17_o arch_n in_o length_n 120_o and_o bear_v up_o by_o two_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o white_a marble_n pillar_n under_o the_o chief_a arch_n where_o the_o tribunal_n be_v keep_v hang_v a_o most_o huge_a lamp_n of_o silver_n encompass_v with_o 110_o lesser_a under_o every_o the_o other_o arch_n hang_v also_o very_o great_a lamp_n in_o each_o of_o which_o burn_v 150_o light_n it_o have_v 31_o gate_n great_a and_o high_a the_o roof_n be_v 150_o yard_n long_o and_o 80_o yard_n broad_a and_o round_o about_o be_v divers_a porch_n contain_v 40_o yard_n in_o length_n and_o 30_o in_o breadth_n under_o which_o be_v the_o public_a storehouse_n of_o the_o town_n about_o the_o wall_n be_v pulpit_n of_o divers_a sort_n wherein_o the_o master_n of_o their_o law_n read_v to_o the_o people_n such_o thing_n as_o they_o imagine_v appertain_v to_o their_o salvation_n the_o revenue_n thereof_o in_o anno_fw-la 1526_o be_v 200_o ducat_n a_o day_n of_o old_a rent_n account_v 100_o l._n sterling_a until_o the_o late_a civil_a war_n it_o be_v a_o city_n of_o great_a traffic_n and_o many_o merchant_n of_o divers_a nation_n resort_v hither_o and_o be_v allow_v a_o public_a meeting-place_n for_o their_o commerce_n and_o lodging_n for_o their_o residence_n be_v in_o form_n of_o a_o court_n or_o exchange_n enclose_v with_o a_o strong_a wall_n with_o 12_o gate_n and_o limit_v with_o 15_o street_n for_o several_a nation_n to_o meet_v for_o their_o business_n and_o for_o the_o lay_n up_o of_o their_o commodity_n and_o every_o night_n for_o security_n of_o their_o good_n and_o person_n the_o same_o be_v keep_v guard_v at_o the_o city_n charge_n resemble_v the_o besisten_v or_o cane_n now_o in_o use_n in_o turkey_n and_o other_o southern_a country_n there_o be_v here_o also_o divers_a college_n where_o the_o science_n be_v teach_v among_o which_o madorac_n be_v the_o chief_a and_o account_v for_o one_o of_o the_o excellent_a piece_n for_o workmanship_n in_o all_o barbary_n it_o have_v three_o cloister_n of_o admirable_a beauty_n support_v with_o eight_o square_n pillar_n of_o divers_a colour_n the_o roof_n curious_o carve_v and_o the_o arch_n of_o mosaique_n of_o gold_n and_o azure_a the_o gate_n be_v of_o brass_n fair_a wrought_v and_o the_o door_n of_o the_o private_a chamber_n of_o in-laid_a work_n it_o be_v record_v that_o this_o college_n do_v cost_v the_o founder_n king_n abuchenen_n 480_o thousand_o sultany_n in_o gold_n which_o be_v in_o english_a money_n 192_o thousand_o pound_n which_o will_v hardly_o in_o these_o day_n be_v it_o now_o to_o be_v build_v perform_v the_o twenty_o part_n thereof_o and_o this_o be_v not_o above_o 150_o year_n past_a and_o about_o that_o time_n henry_n the_o seven_o king_n of_o england_n do_v build_v that_o sumptuous_a chapel_n in_o westminster_n which_o as_o i_o have_v be_v inform_v do_v in_o those_o day_n coâ—_n 7448_o l._n and_o let_v it_o be_v judge_v by_o artist_n how_o much_o more_o will_v build_v the_o fellow_n of_o it_o in_o these_o our_o day_n they_o have_v also_o here_o for_o the_o commodity_n and_o pleasure_n of_o the_o citizen_n 600_o conduit_n from_o whence_o almost_o every_o house_n be_v serve_v with_o water_n beside_o what_o go_v to_o their_o religious_a use_n at_o the_o entry_n of_o their_o temple_n and_o mosch_n but_o i_o have_v stay_v too_o long_o in_o survey_v this_o city_n i_o will_v now_o see_v what_o commodity_n and_o merchandise_n this_o kingdom_n afford_v fez_n commodity_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o fez_n the_o commodity_n find_v in_o general_a as_o well_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o fez_n as_o of_o morocco_n and_o find_v transportable_a for_o merchandise_n be_v fruit_n of_o all_o kind_n such_o as_o be_v principal_o of_o date_n almond_n fig_n raisin_n olive_n also_o honey_n wax_n gold_n and_o sundry_a sort_n of_o hide_n and_o skin_n especial_o that_o excellent_a sort_n of_o cordovant_n from_o this_o kingdom_n of_o morocco_n call_v maroquins_n famous_v throughout_o spain_n france_n and_o italy_n also_o corn_n horse_n wool_n whereof_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v observe_v of_o late_a day_n to_o make_v some_o cloth_n here_o be_v find_v also_o for_o merchandise_n fabricate_v here_o some_o sort_n of_o stuff_n of_o silk_n as_o satin_n taffeta_n and_o some_o sort_n of_o linen_n much_o in_o use_n in_o this_o country_n make_v partly_o of_o cotton_n and_o partly_o of_o flax_n and_o divers_a other_o commodity_n morocco_n money_n of_o fez_n and_o morocco_n the_o money_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o general_o of_o all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o morocco_n be_v the_o xeriff_n or_o ducat_n in_o gold_n derive_v the_o name_n thereof_o from_o the_o xeriff_n who_o within_o these_o few_o year_n make_v conquest_n of_o these_o kingdom_n under_o pretext_n and_o colour_n of_o the_o sanctity_n of_o their_o religion_n and_o be_v account_v to_o be_v about_o ten_o shilling_n sterling_a money_n divide_v into_o 8_o part_n and_o esteem_v â…›_n each_o part_n which_o may_v be_v compare_v to_o be_v about_o 14_o d._n in_o 15_o d._n sterling_a morocco_n account_n in_o fez_n and_o morocco_n they_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o these_o place_n by_o ducat_n or_o old_a xeriff_n now_o almost_o out_o of_o use_n divide_v into_o 8_o part_n account_v in_o common_a value_n but_o 12_o d._n every_o â…›_n though_o worth_n more_o as_o above_o be_v declare_v fez_n weight_n in_o fez_n their_o weight_n here_o be_v two_o one_o use_v in_o all_o ordinary_a commodity_n which_o be_v the_o rorolo_n contain_v ounce_n or_o dram_n it_o have_v be_v find_v by_o observation_n that_o the_o 100_o l._n averdupois_n london_n have_v make_v here_o 64_o rotolos_n and_o 100_o rotolos_n be_v here_o a_o cantar_n the_o second_o weight_n be_v here_o the_o mitigal_a use_v in_o the_o weigh_v of_o silver_n gold_n pearl_n musk_n and_o the_o like_a agree_v with_o the_o mitigal_a use_v in_o argier_n and_o tunis_n speak_v of_o before_o fez_n measure_n in_o fez_n the_o common_a measure_n for_o length_n be_v here_o the_o covado_n 12_o whereof_o be_v account_v to_o a_o cane_n and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o barbary_n merchant_n hither_o trade_v that_o the_o 100_o yard_n of_o london_n make_v here_o about_o 181_o or_o 182_o covadoe_n morocco_n custom_n of_o fez_n and_o morocco_n the_o custom_n of_o fez_n and_o morocco_n be_v pay_v at_o the_o entrance_n thereinto_o as_o be_v likewise_o due_a at_o the_o entrance_n of_o any_o other_o the_o city_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o be_v by_o the_o subject_n native_n upon_o all_o commodity_n pay_v two_o in_o the_o hundred_o and_o by_o all_o stranger_n ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o collect_v for_o what_o be_v sell_v or_o land_v without_o leave_n for_o exportation_n again_o if_o once_o land_v which_o cause_v divers_a of_o our_o merchant_n bind_v for_o those_o part_n to_o make_v their_o ship_n their_o shop_n and_o consequent_o land_n so_o much_o of_o their_o commodity_n as_o they_o imagine_v their_o market_n will_v vend_fw-mi and_o no_o more_o but_o because_o the_o kingdom_n of_o morocco_n obey_v the_o same_o rule_n in_o matter_n of_o trade_n i_o will_v speak_v a_o word_n of_o that_o place_n likewise_o and_o then_o survey_v the_o trade_n of_o they_o both_o together_o as_o they_o be_v know_v now_o to_o we_o to_o be_v as_o it_o be_v but_o one_o though_o indeed_o different_a kingdom_n chap._n xxii_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o morocco_z and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o morocco_z and_o the_o province_n thereof_o the_o kingdom_n of_o morocco_n once_o of_o great_a splendour_n be_v now_o divide_v into_o six_o province_n the_o first_o tangovista_n have_v a_o town_n also_o of_o that_o
in_o the_o sea_n near_o there_o adjoin_v which_o they_o also_o keep_v in_o cistern_n for_o their_o use_n as_o be_v accustom_v in_o some_o part_n of_o spain_n in_o jar_n or_o as_o they_o term_v they_o in_o tenajos_n at_o the_o last_o reduction_n of_o this_o town_n to_o the_o sceptre_n of_o persia_n by_o the_o aid_n of_o the_o english_a they_o have_v many_o immunity_n of_o trade_n grant_v they_o and_o to_o be_v here_o free_a of_o all_o custom_n and_o withal_o to_o draw_v the_o one_o half_a of_o all_o the_o custom_n thereof_o but_o that_o good_a service_n be_v soon_o forget_v and_o they_o have_v now_o only_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o good_a service_n for_o their_o pain_n and_o reward_n and_o nothing_o else_o gombrone_n jasques_n gombrone_n to_o this_o city_n and_o island_n i_o must_v add_v the_o two_o only_a seaport_n of_o consequence_n on_o this_o coast_n appertain_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o persia_n which_o be_v jasque_n and_o gombrone_n in_o which_o the_o english_a have_v their_o factory_n and_o residence_n and_o be_v the_o place_n where_o their_o ship_n do_v lade_v and_o unlade_v their_o burden_n for_o this_o kingdom_n and_o where_o also_o the_o good_n and_o commodity_n bind_v for_o hispahan_n casbin_n sciras_n casan_n and_o tatiris_n and_o general_o for_o the_o whole_a empire_n be_v land_v and_o here_o lade_v upon_o camel_n dromedary_n and_o horse_n into_o those_o place_n and_o because_o that_o i_o find_v that_o the_o coin_n measure_n and_o weight_n of_o this_o place_n do_v somewhat_o differ_v from_o they_o passable_a and_o at_o use_n in_o spahan_n and_o more_o within_o the_o land_n i_o have_v think_v it_o needful_a here_o to_o insert_v the_o same_o according_a as_o i_o have_v gather_v they_o from_o those_o that_o have_v frequent_v the_o place_n abovementioned_a refer_v the_o reader_n for_o what_o be_v here_o omit_v to_o spahan_n itself_o the_o metropolis_n of_o this_o empire_n in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n ormus_n coin_n current_a in_o gombrone_n and_o jasqu_n and_o ormus_n the_o coin_n then_o here_o in_o use_n and_o valuation_n be_v these_o 1_o bessee_n of_o copper_n be_v 4_o cosbeg_n 1_o shahee_n of_o silver_n be_v 2½_n bessee_n which_o be_v 4_o d._n sterling_n or_o 10_o cosbeg_n 1_o mamothy_n silver_n be_v 2_o shahee_n which_o be_v 8_o d._n stir_v or_o 29_o cosbeg_n 1_o abashee_n of_o silver_n be_v 2_o mamothis_n which_o be_v 16_o d._n stir_v or_o 40_o cosbeg_n 1_o asar_n of_o gold_n be_v 20_o shahee_n or_o 6_o shil_n 8_o d._n sterling_n 1_o toman_n of_o gold_n be_v 10_o asars_n which_o be_v 66_o shil_n 8_o d._n stir_v and_o this_o toman_n be_v account_v 50_o abashce_n or_o 2000_o cosbeg_n these_o be_v the_o general_a coin_n current_a throughout_o persia_n to_o these_o i_o must_v add_v those_o in_o use_n in_o these_o part_n abovemention_v the_o rial_n of_o 8_o â—_o spanish_a be_v here_o a_o commodity_n buy_v and_o sell_v and_o the_o common_a estimation_n thereof_o be_v here_o 130½_n cosbeg_n or_o 13_o shahee_n and_o somewhat_o more_o which_o account_v at_o 4_o d._n per._n shahee_n be_v little_o more_o than_o 4_o shil_fw-la 4_o d_o sterling_n again_o this_o rial_n of_o eight_o pass_v here_o for_o 5¼_n larree_v which_o larree_n be_v 10_o d._n stir_v and_o by_o this_o account_n the_o rial_n of_o â—_o 8_o be_v 4_o shil_n 4½_n d._n sterling_n 1_o larrce_n be_v 5½_n saddees_n each_o saddee_n be_v not_o full_o 2_o d._n stir_v and_o each_o saddee_n account_v here_o for_o 40_o floss_n so_o that_o the_o larree_n be_v here_o 220_o floss_n and_o every_o â„ž_o of_o â—_o 8_o be_v here_o at_o gombrone_n and_o jasques_n 1155_o floss_n jasques_n weight_n of_o ormus_n gombrone_n and_o jasques_n the_o common_a weight_n here_o and_o throughout_o persia_n be_v the_o dram_n 96_o dram_n make_v 16_o ounce_n averdupois_n so_o that_o 6_o dram_n make_v the_o say_a ounce_n and_o 1200_o dram_n be_v a_o maundshaw_n or_o as_o we_o may_v call_v it_o the_o king_n be_v maund_v which_o have_v be_v find_v to_o make_v in_o england_n 12_o ½_n l._n averdupois_n in_o weigh_v of_o silk_n they_o observe_v the_o maund-tauris_n which_o be_v the_o ½_n maundshaw_n or_o 600_o dram_n and_o 5_o maund-tauris_n be_v account_v here_o for_o 1_o maund_v of_o sarrot_n which_o by_o this_o computation_n shall_v make_v 3000_o dram_n or_o 500_o l._n averdupois_n 36_o maund_v shaw_n or_o 72_o maunds_z tauris_n be_v a_o load_n of_o silk_n which_o be_v by_o the_o say_a calculation_n 43200_o dram_n which_o be_v 7200_o ounce_n english_a make_v silk_n pound_n 300_o l._n averdupois_n which_o be_v about_o two_o coal_n of_o aleppo_n of_o 46_o â—_o â—_o rotolos_n per_fw-la peer_n gombrone_n measure_n of_o ormus_n jasques_n and_o gombrone_n their_o measure_n in_o use_n here_o as_o throughout_o all_o persia_n be_v not_o find_v much_o to_o vary_v they_o have_v in_o general_n two_o which_o they_o term_v the_o coveda_n the_o short_a and_o the_o long_a the_o long_a coveda_n be_v somewhat_o long_o than_o the_o english_a yard_n account_v by_o some_o 37_o inch_n and_o at_o sciras_n and_o in_o some_o other_o city_n it_o be_v find_v to_o be_v 38_o inch_n by_o which_o all_o clothes_n kersey_n and_o outlandish_a monufacture_n be_v sell_v the_o short_a coveda_n be_v proper_a only_a for_o the_o manufacture_n of_o persia_n account_v to_o hold_v out_o 27_o inch_n and_o find_v agreeable_a to_o the_o pico_n use_v in_o constantinople_n and_o aleppo_n and_o thus_o leave_v ormus_n and_o the_o say_a port-town_n of_o jasque_n and_o combrone_n i_o will_v hence_o travel_v to_o parthia_n wherein_o i_o find_v hispahan_n the_o metropolis_n of_o persia_n seat_v parthia_n parthia_n the_o next_o country_n subject_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o persia_n be_v parthia_n bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o aria_n on_o the_o west_n with_o media_n on_o the_o south_n with_o caramania_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o hyrcania_n and_o be_v now_o in_o the_o persian_a tongue_n call_v erache_n the_o chief_a city_n that_o be_v find_v in_o this_o tract_n be_v guerde_v irsdie_n and_o last_o hispahan_n former_o hecatomoyle_n the_o residence_n of_o the_o present_a sophy_n and_o account_v of_o that_o bigness_n that_o the_o persian_n hyperbolical_o call_v it_o half_o the_o world_n under_o which_o i_o will_v comprehend_v the_o general_a trade_n of_o persia_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o i_o have_v find_v it_o observe_v chap._n lxxxi_o of_o hispahan_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o hispahan_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o hispahan_n in_o time_n past_a be_v call_v hecatompolis_n or_o the_o city_n of_o 100_o gate_n which_o name_n it_o may_v well_o still_o retain_v see_v that_o the_o wall_n thereof_o contain_v a_o reasonable_a day_n journey_n on_o horseback_n it_o be_v now_o become_v the_o great_a city_n in_o all_o the_o persian_a dominion_n and_o so_o much_o the_o more_o populous_a and_o magnisicent_a as_o be_v the_o common_a residence_n of_o the_o persian_a sophy_n it_o be_v strong_a by_o situation_n defend_v by_o a_o high_a wall_n deep_a ditch_n and_o a_o goodly_a castle_n on_o the_o westside_n stand_v two_o stately_a palace_n or_o seraglio_n for_o the_o king_n and_o his_o woman_n far_o exceed_v in_o state_n and_o magnificence_n all_o other_o the_o proud_a building_n of_o this_o city_n the_o wall_n be_v of_o red_a marble_n and_o parget_v with_o divers_a colour_n and_o all_o the_o palace_n be_v pave_v with_o chequer_a and_o fret_a work_n and_o on_o the_o same_o be_v spread_v curious_a carpet_n both_o of_o silk_n and_o gold_n the_o window_n be_v of_o alabaster_n of_o white_a and_o other_o spot_a marble_n the_o post_n and_o wicket_n of_o massy_a ivory_n chequer_a with_o glister_a black_a ebony_n so_o curious_o wrought_v in_o wind_a knot_n as_o may_v easy_o stay_v than_o satisfle_v the_o eye_n of_o the_o wonder_a beholder_n to_o which_o be_v add_v a_o pleasant_a garden_n wherein_o be_v see_v a_o thousand_o fountain_n brook_n and_o lesser_a rivulet_n and_o also_o what_o may_v else_o be_v want_v to_o make_v it_o fit_a for_o so_o great_a a_o monarch_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o city_n do_v all_o their_o affair_n on_o horseback_n both_o public_a and_o private_a go_v from_o place_n to_o place_n they_o confer_v one_o with_o another_o on_o horseback_n and_o so_o do_v the_o merchant_n buy_v and_o fell_a and_o negotiate_v the_o difference_n here_o between_o the_o gentleman_n and_o the_o slave_n be_v that_o the_o slave_n never_o ride_v nor_o the_o gentleman_n never_o go_v on_o foot_n it_o be_v not_o questionable_a but_o that_o this_o city_n the_o splendour_n of_o all_o persia_n the_o continual_a residence_n of_o the_o king_n and_o inhabit_v by_o so_o many_o eminent_a person_n as_o always_o attend_v this_o monarch_n but_o that_o it_o be_v of_o great_a trade_n and_o concourse_n of_o merchant_n and_o furnish_v not_o only_o with_o all_o the_o native_a commodity_n of_o
last_o be_v the_o great_a of_o 144_o l_o of_o 4_o rove_n of_o 30_o l._n a_o rove_n which_o last_o be_v account_v the_o common_a kintar_n of_o sevil_n upon_o which_o these_o observation_n have_v be_v make_v which_o for_o the_o certainty_n i_o refer_v to_o trial_n 100_o l._n in_o sevil_n have_v be_v find_v to_o make_v in_o london_n 102_o l._n marselia_n 113_o  _fw-fr venetia_n sotile_n 152_o  _fw-fr venetia_n gross_n 96_o  _fw-fr steilia_n 56½_n  _fw-fr lisbon_n 90½_n  _fw-fr florence_n 129½_n  _fw-fr antwerp_n 98_o  _fw-fr lion_n 97_o  _fw-fr dantzick_n 117_o  _fw-fr genoa_n gross_n 100_o  _fw-fr wool_n spanish_a wool_n wool_n of_o sevil_n be_v common_o here_o buy_v about_o michaelmas_n and_o they_o pay_v 〈◊〉_d ready_a money_n 〈◊〉_d at_o christmas_n and_o have_v from_o march_n to_o may_v for_o payment_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o which_o here_o be_v great_a quantity_n provide_v silk_n raw_a silk_n silk_n be_v buy_v at_o almeria_n common_o worth_a 28_o pesanti_n the_o l._n morisco_n which_o be_v 18_o s._n florence_n for_o which_o place_n it_o be_v buy_v and_o this_o it_o will_v cost_v 1020_o mar._n the_o say_a pound_n which_o be_v 30_o rial_n which_o be_v perform_v between_o june_n and_o october_n the_o best_a time_n be_v from_o july_n to_o august_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o heat_n for_o after_o that_o the_o weight_n of_o silk_n will_v increase_v and_o as_o for_o other_o commodity_n here_o find_v beside_o wool_n and_o silk_n it_o can_v proper_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o commodity_n of_o the_o place_n but_o for_o the_o most_o be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o natural_a commodity_n import_v from_o the_o west-indies_n of_o which_o this_o be_v the_o principal_a port_n and_o scale_n in_o europe_n and_o as_o a_o country_n entire_o challenge_v by_o the_o spaniard_n sevil._n measure_n of_o sevil._n their_o common_a measure_n in_o sevil_n be_v the_o vare_fw-la which_o have_v be_v observe_v the_o 100_o vares_n to_o make_v in_o london_n else_o 74_o anvers_n  _fw-fr 123_o frankford_n  _fw-fr 154_o dantzick_n  _fw-fr 102_o vienna_n  _fw-fr 107_o lion_n a._n 75_o paris_n al._n 70_o genoav_n pal._n 336_o roven_n all_o 74_o lisbon_n v._n 74_o madera_n br._n 76_o venetia_n  _fw-fr 133_o lucca_n  _fw-fr 148_o florence_n  _fw-fr 151_o milan_n  _fw-fr 170_o oil_n of_o oil_n oil_n be_v buy_v here_o by_o the_o rove_n 64_o rove_n be_v in_o venetia_n one_o miaria_n 40_o or_o 41_o rove_n make_v a_o pipe_n a_o rove_n be_v 8_o summer_n a_o summer_n be_v 4_o quartile_n and_o a_o quartile_a be_v â…›_n of_o a_o stoop_v of_o antwerp_n and_o 2_o pipe_n or_o 81_o rove_n be_v 25_o or_o 26_o florence_n barrel_n or_o 252_o gall._n gallon_n of_o english_a measure_n but_o sevil_n gage_n be_v account_v but_o of_o these_o pipe_n 236_o gallon_n at_o 118_o gallon_n the_o pipe_n corn._n of_o corn._n corn_n be_v measure_v and_o sell_v by_o the_o cassise_n which_o be_v 28_o staos_n of_o florence_n and_o make_v bushel_n english_a lucar_n st._n lucar_n note_v that_o st._n lucar_n be_v the_o seaport_n of_o this_o city_n whereto_o all_o ship_n of_o burden_n do_v first_o come_v and_o there_o lade_v and_o unlade_v and_o where_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o custom-house_n do_v come_v aboard_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o goodsboth_n land_v and_o lade_v for_o the_o city_n of_o sevil_n where_o the_o custom-house_n be_v sevil._n custom_n of_o sevil._n the_o custom_n of_o sevil_n be_v great_a and_o arise_v upon_o some_o good_n to_o 10_o 15_o 20_o and_o upon_o most_o to_o 25_o per_fw-la cent_n which_o i_o must_v refer_v to_o the_o better_o experience_v only_o it_o be_v note_v by_o some_o that_o have_v treat_v of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n revenue_n that_o the_o custom-house_n yearly_a of_o this_o city_n do_v yield_v he_o as_o i_o say_v before_o half_o a_o million_o of_o gold_n andalusia_n andalusia_n to_o proceed_v in_o the_o precinct_n of_o corduba_n lie_v andalusia_n wherein_o i_o find_v sevil_n to_o be_v seat_v second_o granado_n wherein_o the_o city_n of_o granado_n malaga_n and_o almeria_n principal_a city_n be_v situate_v and_o last_o estremadura_n wherein_o i_o find_v only_a merida_n for_o a_o city_n of_o note_n but_o not_o of_o trade_n malaga_n granada_n malaga_n therefore_o a_o word_n of_o the_o two_o former_a granada_n and_o malaga_n better_a know_v to_o the_o english_a chap._n cxiii_o of_o granado_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o granado_n be_v the_o ordinary_a parliament_n and_o court_n of_o justice_n for_o all_o the_o southern_a part_n of_o spain_n as_o valladolid_n be_v for_o the_o north_n and_o therefore_o it_o may_v be_v imagine_v where_o lawyer_n be_v find_v to_o abound_v little_a trade_n be_v common_o concurrent_a it_o be_v of_o itself_o a_o stately_a town_n and_o curious_o build_v all_o of_o freestone_n it_o be_v fence_v with_o a_o strong_a wall_n have_v twelve_o gate_n and_o 130_o turret_n the_o palace_n of_o the_o late_a moorish_a king_n be_v the_o prime_n and_o most_o magnificent_a build_n of_o this_o city_n it_o it_o seat_v within_o the_o land_n and_o have_v motril_n for_o the_o next_o port_n the_o neighbourhood_n of_o almeria_n and_o malaga_n both_o maritime_a port_n hinder_v much_o the_o trade_n thereof_o therefore_o i_o shall_v insist_v the_o lesser_a upon_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o city_n which_o principal_o depend_v upon_o the_o râ—…_n silk_n make_v here_o and_o upon_o the_o fabric_n wrought_v thereof_o granado_n weight_n use_v in_o granado_n the_o weight_n here_o use_v be_v the_o cantar_n of_o 100_o l._n which_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o some_o english_a to_o make_v 118_o l._n averdupois_n and_o by_o some_o venetian_n to_o have_v make_v there_o 111_o l._n gross_a and_o 175_o l._n sotile_n the_o measure_n be_v as_o at_o malaga_n chap._n cxiv_o of_o malaga_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o malaga_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o mediterranean_a shore_n abound_v in_o raisin_n and_o wine_n that_o be_v know_v by_o that_o name_n and_o thence_o vent_v to_o our_o cold_a climate_n which_o make_v this_o town_n famous_a for_o its_o plenty_n therein_o where_o touch_v anno_fw-la 1617._o i_o note_v this_o observation_n malaga_n coin_n in_o malaga_n their_o money_n be_v general_a with_o all_o spain_n the_o principal_a be_v a_o rial_n which_o be_v 34_o marvedy_n and_o be_v 6_o d._n sterl_n a_o pistolet_n of_o gold_n be_v 23½_n rial_n and_o the_o double_a be_v 47_o rial_n malaga_n custom_n of_o malaga_n their_o custom_n upon_o merchandise_n here_o differ_v for_o sugar_n almond_n wine_n and_o oil_n be_v find_v to_o pay_v custom_n outward_o 7½_n per_n cent_n cochineal_n and_o other_o such_o fine_a commodity_n 10._o all_o commodity_n which_o be_v find_v to_o issue_n out_o else_o 5._o all_o commodity_n transport_v from_o port_n to_o port_n 2._o malaga_n weight_n of_o malaga_n their_o weight_n be_v the_o 100_o l._n divide_v into_o four_o part_n of_o 25_o l._n which_o they_o call_v the_o rove_n and_o every_o pound_n be_v 16_o ounce_n and_o 1_o ounce_n make_v 16_o dram_n and_o each_o dram_n 28_o grain_n and_o this_o 100_o l._n or_o kintar_n have_v be_v find_v to_o make_v 112_o l._n 5_o ounce_n english_a but_o yet_o i_o find_v some_o the_o have_v make_v observation_n upon_o this_o place_n allege_v that_o the_o 100_o l._n of_o malaga_n will_v yield_v iâ—_n london_n 105_o l_o malaga_n measure_n of_o malaga_n their_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v a_o vare_fw-la which_o be_v 27â…ž_n inch_n by_o rule_n their_o liquid_a measure_n for_o wine_n and_o oil_n be_v a_o rove_n and_o divide_v into_o 8_o sombre_n 25_o roâ—_n make_v a_o pipe_n and_o be_v 100_o gallon_n english_a corn._n of_o corn._n their_o grain_n measure_n be_v a_o hanock_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o twelve_o almodes_n this_o hand_n be_v ¼_n of_o a_o bushel_n and_o twelve_o gallon_n english_a which_o weigh_v by_o heap_n 144_o l._n and_o by_o strâ—…_n 29_o l._n english_a almeria_n almeria_n note_v that_o almeria_n agree_v in_o weight_n and_o measure_n with_o malaga_n abovenamed_a gallicia_n gallicia_n in_o galicia_n i_o find_v only_o st._n james_n of_o compostella_n famous_a for_o the_o sepulchre_n of_o st._n james_n which_o be_v worship_v with_o incredible_a devotion_n baiona_n q._n baiona_n baiona_n common_o call_v the_o groin_n whereto_o some_o trade_n be_v drive_v by_o the_o merchant_n of_o england_n principal_o of_o bristol_n which_o i_o brief_o thus_o anatomize_v the_o coin_n be_v the_o same_o as_o use_v throughout_o spain_n here_o be_v in_o use_n two_o quintal_n the_o one_o proper_a to_o iron_n which_o be_v london_n 122_o l._n and_o the_o other_o call_v the_o sutle_n quintal_n which_o be_v 108_o l._n and_o the_o measure_n here_o in_o use_n be_v as_o in_o biâ—…_n follow_v thereof_o biscay_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o in_o biscay_n i_o find_v bilboa_n and_o st._n sebastian_n two_o note_a town_n for_o trading_n much_o frequent_v by_o merchant_n whereupon_o i_o have_v
denier_n per_fw-la l._n be_v only_o pay_v and_o no_o more_o their_o payment_n in_o custom_n and_o all_o other_o way_n be_v in_o valentia_n money_n and_o worth_a 3_o per_fw-la cent_n to_o be_v convert_v into_o spanish_a rial_n there_o be_v also_o a_o duty_n call_v a_o mottahecos_n which_o be_v a_o pound_n of_o pepper_n on_o each_o quintar_n and_o so_o upon_o other_o fine_a good_n and_o this_o be_v as_o much_o as_o i_o remember_v needful_a in_o this_o argument_n and_o so_o i_o will_v proceed_v to_o the_o next_o province_n which_o be_v catalonia_n and_o as_o for_o the_o exchange_n here_o practise_v see_v far_o in_o the_o 291_o and_o 426_o chapter_n catalonia_n catalonia_n in_o catalonia_n be_v only_o famous_a the_o city_n of_o barcelona_n the_o principal_a of_o this_o province_n where_o have_v good_a cause_n of_o the_o remembrance_n of_o my_o be_v here_o by_o reason_n of_o my_o imprisonment_n in_o the_o inquisition_n anno_fw-la 1618._o i_o must_v according_a to_o my_o method_n afford_v the_o city_n traffic_n a_o 〈◊〉_d of_o observation_n in_o acknowledgement_n of_o their_o love_n and_o pain_n in_o my_o release_n move_v thereto_o partly_o by_o the_o affection_n i_o have_v gain_v with_o many_o the_o chief_a merchant_n but_o especial_o leave_v the_o same_o may_v deter_v other_o english_a from_o come_v to_o traffic_v and_o inhabit_v among_o they_o and_o furnish_v their_o necessity_n with_o english_a commodity_n which_o they_o seem_v much_o to_o desire_v and_o oftentime_n much_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o chap._n cxix_o of_o barcelona_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o barcelona_n barcelona_n barcelona_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o mediterranean_a shore_n and_o enter_v into_o that_o gulf_n which_o be_v so_o terrible_a to_o navigator_n in_o these_o part_n call_v the_o gulf_n of_o lion_n it_o have_v a_o reasonable_a commodious_a and_o safe_a harbour_n and_o the_o citizen_n do_v winterly_a enlarge_v and_o lengthen_v the_o same_o by_o add_v to_o their_o mould_n that_o ship_n of_o burden_n may_v come_v within_o the_o same_o what_o i_o obser_v here_o anno_fw-la 1618._o i_o will_v brief_o declare_v barcelona_n coin_n in_o barcelona_n their_o money_n current_n in_o merchandise_n beside_o the_o rial_n of_o castille_n be_v a_o liver_n which_o passeâ—_n here_o at_o 20_o sold_n and_o a_o ducat_n of_o gold_n of_o castille_n be_v worth_a 24_o sell_v of_o the_o say_a money_n and_o the_o soldo_fw-it be_v twelve_o denier_n of_o that_o money_n wherein_o they_o be_v find_v to_o keep_v their_o account_n barcelona_n weight_n in_o barcelona_n their_o cantar_n be_v a_o 100_o l._n which_o be_v english_a 92_o l._n or_o thereabouts_o and_o have_v make_v by_o observation_n in_o florence_n 123_o l._n genoa_n 130_o l._n valentia_n 106_o l._n marselia_n 104_o l._n venetia_n soot_n 140_o l._n length_n measure_n of_o length_n their_o measure_n be_v a_o can_v consist_v of_o eight_o palm_n and_o have_v be_v find_v to_o make_v thâ—…_n brace_n in_o florence_n and_o in_o england_n find_v to_o produce_v 1â…œ_n yard_n english_a and_o in_o naples_n 〈◊〉_d be_v find_v to_o make_v 6â…œ_n palm_n corn._n of_o corn._n corn_n be_v sell_v by_o a_o measure_n call_v the_o quarter_n one_o salmo_n be_v four_o quarter_n sell_v always_o 〈◊〉_d of_o all_o custom_n 2â…“_n quarter_n make_v a_o cargo_n or_o load_n which_o be_v account_v 360_o l._n as_o be_v that_o 〈◊〉_d mention_v aforego_v in_o valentia_n wool_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o rove_n which_o be_v 30_o l._n make_v 26_o l._n of_o venetia_n gross_a whither_o the_o same_o be_v common_o transport_v and_o in_o florence_n 36_o l._n all_o gross_a good_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o cargo_n account_v 3_o kintars_n which_o be_v 440_o l._n sutle_n of_o venâ—…_n and_o 278_o l._n gross_a there_o which_o be_v 372_o l._n in_o florence_n and_o have_v be_v find_v to_o make_v english_a 3000â—_n averdupois_n tortosa_n tortosa_n in_o this_o province_n lie_v also_o tortosa_n a_o fine_a small_a city_n but_o the_o principal_a of_o the_o inhabitant_n â—…ing_v account_v as_o moor_n be_v some_o year_n before_o my_o be_v here_o banish_v this_o country_n 〈◊〉_d therefore_o most_o place_n lie_v waste_n and_o many_o village_n be_v here_o along_o find_v without_o inhabitâ—…_n and_o the_o ground_n to_o want_v labourer_n arragon_n arragon_n the_o next_o province_n be_v arragon_n wherein_o be_v tarragon_n a_o fine_a and_o handsome_a city_n but_o 〈◊〉_d the_o banishment_n of_o many_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n as_o above_o be_v say_v now_o make_v poor_a in_o my_o 〈◊〉_d there_o in_o 1618._o i_o find_v it_o most_o to_o consist_v in_o make_v of_o silk_n here_o buy_v and_o carry_v to_o irlentia_n to_o be_v wrought_v saragosa_n saragosa_n the_o principal_a city_n hereof_o be_v saragosa_n which_o shall_v challenge_v a_o 〈◊〉_d particular_a relation_n as_o be_v commodious_o seat_v for_o traffic_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n 〈◊〉_d ebro_n but_o be_v a_o university_n it_o be_v too_o great_a a_o honour_n for_o a_o inland_n town_n to_o prodâ—_n famous_a scholar_n and_o eminent_a merchant_n yet_o in_o the_o current_a coin_n it_o be_v observe_v to_o rule_v as_o 〈◊〉_d vâ—dentia_n and_o because_o there_o be_v find_v practise_v here_o a_o great_a exchange_n i_o have_v insert_v 〈◊〉_d same_o by_o itself_o chapter_n 292_o in_o the_o end_n of_o this_o tract_n with_o all_o circumstance_n thereunto_o appertain_v and_o these_o be_v all_o the_o principal_a city_n of_o traffic_n find_v at_o this_o day_n comprise_v 〈◊〉_d the_o kingdom_n of_o spain_n chap._n cxx_o of_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o spain_n reduce_v to_o the_o english_a hundred_o england_n weight_n of_o spain_n reduce_v to_o the_o 100_o l._n of_o england_n the_o principal_a city_n of_o spain_n and_o portugal_n thus_o survey_v it_o will_v not_o be_v unworthy_a our_o observation_n first_o to_o see_v how_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o some_o other_o lesser_a city_n here_o omit_v concur_v with_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o england_n and_o then_o take_v a_o general_a view_n of_o the_o trade_n which_o be_v in_o general_n find_v in_o the_o compass_n of_o those_o kingdom_n now_o unite_v and_o subject_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o castilia_n first_o then_o to_o begin_v with_o the_o weight_n of_o spain_n and_o portugal_n i_o will_v reduce_v they_o to_o the_o subtle_a 100_o l._n of_o london_n which_o by_o observation_n have_v be_v find_v to_o make_v in_o sevil_n 108_o l._n by_o great_a quintar_n of_o 144_o l._n of_o four_o rove_n of_o 36_o l._n small_a quintar_n of_o 112_o l._n of_o 4_o rove_n of_o 28_o l._n by_o lesser_a quintar_n of_o 120_o l._n of_o 4_o rove_n of_o 30_o l._n granado_n and_o almeria_n bona_fw-la 104_o l._n be_v the_o pound_n of_o 16_o ounce_n 89_o l._n be_v of_o silk_n and_o copper_n of_o 18_o ounce_n 52_o l._n great_a weight_n for_o flesh_n 32_o ounce_n castilia_n medina_n del_fw-it campo_n 98_o l._n burgos_n 89_o rot._n arragon_n and_o barcelona_n 102_o l._n 92_o l._n great_a weight_n for_o woollen_a 126_o l._n small_a weight_n for_o saffron_n valentia_n 102_o l._n by_o quintar_n of_o 4_o rove_n of_o 30_o l._n for_o spice_n 129_o l._n by_o quintar_n of_o 4_o rove_n of_o 36_o l._n the_o cargo_n be_v those_o quintar_n of_o 360_o l._n and_o the_o great_a of_o 432_o l._n london_n the_o 100_o l._n of_o london_n leon_n 105_o l._n saragosâ—…_n 108_o l._n and_o by_o the_o small_a quintar_n 126_o l._n savalonâ—…_n and_o salanico_fw-la 126_o l._n viliaco_n 77_o l._n note_v here_o that_o the_o island_n of_o the_o canary_n and_o all_o the_o island_n of_o spain_n use_v the_o weight_n of_o sevil_n as_o aforesaid_a now_o for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o portugal_n 100_o l._n london_n make_v in_o portugal_n rot._n 104_o l._n the_o great_a quintar_n of_o 128_o l._n the_o small_a quintar_n of_o 112_o l._n contain_v each_o 4_o rove_n of_o 32_o l._n and_o 28_o l._n note_v here_o that_o there_o be_v allowance_n make_v four_o upon_o the_o hundred_o upon_o sugar_n and_o two_o and_o 3_o per_fw-la cent_n upon_o cotton_n wool_n and_o such_o like_a the_o small_a quintar_n be_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o contractation-house_n of_o the_o indies_n all_o spice_n be_v weigh_v thereby_o but_o all_o be_v weigh_v by_o the_o great_a quintal_n and_o reduce_v upon_o the_o lesser_a quintar_n one_o quintar_n of_o wax_n be_v one_o quintar_n and_o half_a of_o 112_o l._n be_v 168_o l._n madera_n 104_o rotolos_n cape_n verd._n 104_o rot._n saint_n thomas_n 104_o rot._n guinea_n 104_o rot._n marocâ—…_n in_o barbary_n 104_o rot._n or_o pound_n by_o the_o quintar_n of_o 128_o l._n fea_z and_o suus_fw-la in_o barbary_n 92_o l._n calicut_n 77_o aracoles_n note_v here_o they_o sell_v by_o the_o baccar_fw-la or_o bahar_n be_v at_o lisbon_n four_o quintar_n of_o 112_o l._n and_o observe_v that_o the_o bahar_n be_v 4_o quintar_n for_o 120_o aracoles_n the_o bahar_n or_o bahor_n be_v 20_o faracoles_n of_o
their_o worth_n will_v hinder_v the_o sale_n and_o exportation_n of_o they_o of_o that_o growth_n do_v therefore_o prohibit_v the_o same_o to_o be_v land_v or_o sell_v in_o their_o town_n till_o christmas_n day_n in_o the_o morning_n and_o then_o these_o high_a country_n merchant_n be_v more_o busy_a in_o land_v their_o wine_n than_o they_o be_v in_o attend_v their_o mass_n that_o gabor_n or_o light_a being_n ever_o account_v free_a of_o tax_n and_o custom_n that_o first_o set_v her_o head_n aground_o when_o their_o mass_n bell_n ring_n and_o then_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o any_o man_n for_o that_o day_n to_o come_v aboard_o she_o and_o be_v drink_v gratis_o here_o our_o english_a have_v have_v many_o privilege_n and_o be_v esteem_v as_o fellow_n citizen_n before_o all_o other_o stranger_n but_o our_o last_o war_n to_o the_o isle_n of_o rhee_n have_v make_v they_o here_o inferior_a to_o all_o other_o and_o now_o pay_v double_a their_o former_a custom_n upon_o wine_n which_o in_o courtesy_n to_o the_o dutch_a be_v abate_v they_o and_o lay_v on_o the_o english_a shoulder_n which_o may_v be_v remedy_v if_o his_o majesty_n please_v it_o be_v otherwise_o then_o for_o prune_n and_o wine_n a_o town_n of_o no_o great_a trade_n for_o little_a traffic_n be_v here_o else_o drive_v money_n only_o be_v hither_o remit_v to_o provide_v the_o same_o but_o no_o commodity_n else_o vendible_a of_o import_n in_o anno_fw-la 1611._o i_o here_o learned_a the_o french_a tongue_n after_o i_o have_v be_v for_o a_o while_n in_o rochel_n so_o i_o will_v note_v in_o brief_a what_o i_o observe_v thereupon_o in_o those_o my_o young_a day_n account_n money_n and_o account_n the_o money_n current_n and_o account_n keep_v be_v in_o liver_n sold._n denier_n as_o throughout_o all_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o french_a king_n bordeaux_n weight_n of_o bordeaux_n their_o weight_n and_o measure_n be_v as_o follow_v the_o weight_n of_o bordeaux_n be_v the_o pound_n 100_o whereof_o be_v the_o quintar_n which_o have_v be_v find_v to_o be_v 110_o l._n english_a and_o the_o 100_o l._n in_o london_n be_v 90¾_n l._n here_o bordeaux_n measure_n of_o bordeaux_n their_o common_a measure_n be_v a_o auln_v which_o be_v about_o english_a geron._n english_a subjection_n at_o blay_n upon_o the_o river_n geron._n from_o bordeaux_n i_o will_v pass_v by_o blay_n where_o i_o will_v only_o note_v a_o subjection_n of_o our_o english_a ship_n which_o here_o at_o their_o go_v up_o to_o bordeaux_n unlade_v all_o their_o artillery_n and_o arm_n which_o by_o many_o treaty_n between_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o france_n have_v be_v covenant_v to_o be_v disuse_v yet_o the_o insolency_n of_o the_o captain_n of_o blay_n scorn_v the_o commandment_n of_o his_o sovereign_n and_o his_o treaty_n hold_v still_o the_o same_o in_o use_n to_o the_o great_a prejudice_n of_o our_o merchant_n trade_v to_o bordeaux_n and_o now_o to_o rochel_n the_o place_n of_o my_o first_o education_n beyond_o sea_n chap._n cxxv_o of_o rochel_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o rochel_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o rochel_n have_v be_v long_a time_n account_v the_o strong_a and_o best_a fortify_v city_n in_o france_n and_o be_v till_o of_o late_a year_n in_o possession_n of_o the_o protestant_n and_o be_v ever_o find_v as_o a_o sanctuary_n for_o they_o in_o their_o great_a danger_n it_o be_v commodious_o seat_v for_o trade_n on_o the_o aquitain_n ocean_n the_o sea_n every_o tide_n flow_v into_o the_o city_n and_o carry_v thereinto_o ship_n of_o a_o reasonable_a burden_n within_o these_o late_a year_n the_o french_a king_n have_v besiege_v it_o and_o after_o a_o long_a siege_n starve_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v enforce_v the_o reduction_n therefore_o what_o trade_n it_o now_o have_v i_o be_o ignorant_a of_o but_o anno_fw-la 1611._o there_o be_v a_o great_a concourse_n of_o merchant_n as_o be_v the_o staple_n for_o all_o english_a commodity_n for_o these_o part_n of_o france_n their_o coin_n current_a and_o form_n of_o account_n be_v the_o same_o as_o throughout_o all_o france_n and_o their_o weight_n be_v these_o rochel_n weight_n of_o rochel_n the_o 100_o l._n of_o rochel_n have_v make_v in_o london_n 96_o l._n english_a and_o by_o observation_n in_o lion_n of_o poid_v de_fw-fr la_fw-fr ville_fw-fr 94_o l._n rochel_n measure_v of_o rochel_n the_o measure_n be_v the_o auln_v common_a in_o name_n with_o all_o france_n but_o in_o many_o place_n be_v find_v to_o differ_v roak_v here_o 44_o inch_n english_a from_o england_n be_v send_v hither_o butter_n calves-skin_n herring_n new-found_a land-fish_a and_o some_o english_a manufacture_n of_o cloth_n etc._n etc._n and_o hence_o be_v return_v a_o small_a wine_n call_v a_o rochel_n wine_n but_o more_o proper_o cogniacke_n also_o salt_n from_o the_o isle_n of_o rhee_n oleron_n etc._n etc._n and_o some_o prune_n and_o other_o commodity_n poictu_fw-la poictu_fw-la poictou_n be_v the_o next_o province_n the_o principal_a city_n hereof_o be_v poitiers_n famous_a for_o the_o study_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o next_o to_o paris_n for_o greatness_n in_o all_o france_n but_o of_o no_o note_n in_o matter_n of_o trade_n anjou_n anjou_n anjou_n be_v the_o next_o yield_v the_o best_a wine_n in_o france_n the_o principal_a town_n be_v angiers_n and_o saumar_n the_o only_a protestant_a university_n in_o france_n main_fw-fr main_fw-fr main_a be_v the_o next_o the_o principal_a town_n be_v mans._n tourain_n tourain_n tourain_n be_v the_o next_o the_o principal_a city_n be_v blois_n ambois_n and_o tours_n famous_a for_o give_v a_o beginning_n to_o the_o protestant_n of_o france_n and_o which_o be_v note_v for_o many_o excellent_a fabric_n and_o manufacture_n of_o silk_n here_o daily_o make_v know_v to_o we_o by_o the_o name_n of_o taffeta_n plush_n and_o taby_n of_o tours_n britain_n britain_n britain_n be_v the_o next_o wherein_o be_v find_v nants_n for_o the_o situation_n pleasant_a rheims_n a_o parliament_n seat_n and_o last_o st._n malo_n seat_v commodious_o for_o trade_n upon_o the_o british_a ocean_n locram_n locram_n giberoy_n a_o great_a fair_a for_o these_o country_n and_o morlais_n afford_v that_o linen_n in_o great_a quantity_n know_v to_o we_o by_o the_o name_n of_o locram_n morlais_n st._n maloes_n and_o morlais_n st._n maloes_n and_o morlais_n comprehend_v these_o three_o know_a sort_n of_o dowlas_n tregar_o and_o grasscloth_n also_o noial_n for_o sail-cloth_n and_o some_o of_o other_o sort_n here_o daily_o buy_v up_o for_o ready_a money_n and_o hence_o disperse_v into_o spain_n england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n normandy_n normandy_n the_o next_o be_v normandy_n in_o which_o be_v find_v many_o principal_a town_n of_o trade_n as_o be_v commodious_o seat_v by_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o british_a ocean_n the_o chief_a be_v caen_n diep_n newhaven_n constance_n and_o last_o roven_n under_o the_o title_n whereof_o i_o shall_v comprehend_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o rest_n chap._n cxxvi_o of_o roven_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o normandy_n roven_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o normandy_n roven_v seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n sein_fw-fr and_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o normandy_n be_v one_o of_o the_o principal_a city_n of_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n in_o france_n have_v a_o great_a concourse_n of_o merchant_n of_o all_o these_o northern_a kingdom_n and_o be_v one_o of_o the_o three_o principal_a in_o france_n when_o exchange_n be_v use_v roven_n commodity_n of_o roven_n the_o commodity_n that_o be_v hence_o and_o out_o of_o normandy_n export_v be_v linen_n course_n and_o fine_a buckram_n paper_n card_n some_o wine_n and_o other_o petty_a manufacture_n the_o commodity_n send_v thither_o from_o england_n principal_o clothes_n of_o sundry_a country_n a_o kersey_n of_o devonshire_n and_o yorkshire_n bay_n of_o coxal_a cotton_n of_o wales_n and_o yorkshire_n and_o of_o late_a pepper_n gall_n cotton_n yarn_n and_o other_o turkey_n commodity_n also_o lead_v tin_n fish_n and_o some_o india_n commodity_n the_o note_n of_o trade_n observe_v there_o at_o my_o residence_n therein_o 1614_o i_o shall_v brief_o touch_v as_o then_o note_v the_o same_o roven_n money_n and_o acount_n in_o roven_n the_o money_n current_a and_o account_n keep_v be_v the_o same_o as_o in_o general_n use_v throughout_o france_n see_v far_o in_o paris_n roven_n weight_n in_o roven_n the_o king_n beam_n be_v here_o call_v the_o viconte_n which_o be_v 14_o per_fw-la cent._n great_a than_o our_o english_a 112_o l._n and_o some_o have_v find_v it_o to_o be_v 10_o or_o 12_o l._n by_o which_o be_v weigh_v all_o commodity_n whatsoever_o but_o i_o have_v often_o find_v that_o the_o 112_o l._n english_a have_v make_v by_o viconte_n 98_o l._n and_o by_o commce_n beam_n 101_o l._n roven_n measure_n in_o roven_n the_o measure_n be_v here_o a_o auln_v by_o which_o all_o commodity_n of_o woollen_a and_o
oil_n that_o a_o milroe_n of_o oil_n shall_v cost_v the_o first_o penny_n so_o much_o will_v the_o tun_n of_o oil_n stand_v in_o clear_a aboard_o of_o all_o accustom_a charge_n but_o for_o as_o much_o as_o this_o rule_n hold_v only_o in_o thollon_n i_o will_v insert_v the_o particular_n thereof_o how_o it_o be_v find_v to_o accord_v with_o our_o measure_n and_o weight_n in_o england_n because_o it_o be_v a_o staple_n and_o most_o request_v commodity_n and_o the_o principal_a commodity_n that_o this_o country_n do_v afford_v the_o common_a measure_n than_o be_v a_o scandal_n and_o of_o which_o it_o be_v find_v that_o 4_o scandal_n make_v 1_o milroe_n every_o scandal_n be_v 4¼_n gallon_n english_a and_o 31½_n l._n averdupois_n 1_o milroe_n be_v 17_o gallon_n english_a and_o be_v 126_o l._n english_a 2_o milroes_n be_v a_o charge_n which_o be_v 34_o gallon_n or_o 252_o l._n english_a 4_o charges_n make_v a_o butt_n which_o be_v ½_n a_o tun_n or_o 126_o gallon_n english_a and_o have_v be_v find_v to_o make_v 1008_o l._n averdupois_n the_o custom_n hereof_o be_v a_o crown_n of_o 3_o l._n tur_o upon_o every_o 100_o milroe_n and_o every_o crown_n be_v account_v 5_o florius_n or_o 60_o sol_n wine_n for_o wine_n wine_n be_v here_o sell_v by_o the_o same_o milroe_n as_o above_o be_v say_v almond_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o cargo_n of_o 300_o l._n marselia_n weight_n corn._n for_o corn._n corn_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o muyd_v and_o mynot_n 24_o mynot_n make_v a_o muyd_v and_o 1_o muyd_v be_v about_o 8½_n quarter_n english_a provence_n commodity_n of_o provence_n provence_n do_v afford_v many_o commodity_n for_o merchandise_v which_o hence_o be_v transport_v into_o several_a country_n as_o first_o oil_n as_o above_o make_v and_o gather_v in_o november_n and_o december_n ship_v for_o england_n spain_n and_o italy_n also_o great_a quantity_n of_o wool_n for_o clothing_n buy_v up_o in_o may_n june_n and_o july_n by_o milanois_n ginoese_n piedmontois_n and_o montpelerians_n which_o common_o bear_v 14_o in_o 16_o the_o 100_o foul_a and_o be_v wash_v and_o cleanse_v there_o be_v lose_v in_o the_o cleanse_n and_o clear_v sometime_o the_o one_o half_a thereof_o also_o great_a quantity_n of_o scarlet-grain_n and_o powder_n of_o grain_n gather_v in_o the_o heath_n and_o field_n by_o the_o poor_a people_n and_o bring_v by_o they_o to_o the_o lord_n of_o their_o territory_n from_o the_o month_n of_o may_n to_o the_o month_n of_o august_n and_o be_v worth_a green_a about_o 5_o in_o 6_o l._n tur_fw-la per_fw-la l_o but_o be_v dry_v diminish_v at_o least_o â…”_n thereof_o also_o almond_n be_v here_o in_o great_a abundance_n find_v grow_v gather_v in_o september_n and_o october_n call_v as_o be_v before_o note_v provence_n almond_n for_o distinction_n sake_n and_o be_v common_o worth_a from_o 12_o to_o 15_o crown_n the_o cargo_n also_o here_o be_v yellow_a wax_n in_o good_a quantity_n buy_v in_o october_n and_o november_n worth_n common_o from_o 40_o to_o 50_o l._n per_fw-la cent_n also_o here_o be_v honey_n buy_v in_o november_n and_o december_n worth_n common_o about_o 22_o in_o 23_o cro_n the_o cantar_n beside_o which_o here_o be_v many_o bed-coverlets_a and_o waistcoat_n make_v and_o quilt_v of_o satin_n taffata_n and_o callico_n and_o hence_o disperse_v into_o several_a country_n to_o conclude_v there_o may_v be_v lade_v in_o thollon_n marsclia_n and_o general_o throughout_o all_o provence_n from_o 1500_o to_o 2000_o tun_n of_o oil_n yearly_a about_o 400_o quintal_n of_o almond_n about_o 1800_o to_o 2000_o quintal_n of_o wool_n about_o 200_o quintal_n of_o honey_n and_o but_o little_a wax_n as_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n spend_v in_o their_o own_o country_n principal_o in_o their_o church_n provence_n custom_n pay_v in_o provence_n the_o custom_n upon_o all_o commodity_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o france_n pay_v in_o the_o exportation_n but_o a_o small_a acknowledgement_n but_o all_o other_o commodity_n pay_v 5_o per_fw-la cent_n but_o for_o spice_n and_o all_o other_o commodity_n that_o be_v bring_v in_o from_o the_o levant_n there_o be_v late_o place_v thereon_o throughout_o all_o provence_n a_o custom_n of_o ten_o per_fw-la cent_n and_o thus_o much_o for_o thollon_n chap._n cxxxi_o of_o marselia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o marselia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o principal_a seat_n of_o trade_n in_o provence_n be_v marselia_n famous_a for_o the_o great_a concourse_n of_o merchant_n and_o for_o the_o commerce_n that_o it_o maintain_v with_o turkey_n barbary_n spain_n france_n italy_n flanders_n and_o england_n it_o be_v commodious_o situate_v on_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n enjoy_v a_o excellent_a haven_n and_o a_o reasonable_a road_n for_o ship_n of_o all_o sort_n it_o want_v to_o make_v it_o a_o perfect_a course_n for_o exchange_n which_o here_o be_v supply_v by_o the_o current_n of_o lion_n and_o govern_v only_o thereby_o to_o which_o place_n each_o fair_a some_o partidoe_n be_v make_v not_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o other_o place_n but_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o interest_n from_o the_o date_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o next_o succeed_v fair_a there_o it_o vent_v from_o england_n some_o bays_n clothes_n lead_v and_o tin_n pilchars_n herring_n white_a and_o red_a and_o yearly_a about_o 2000_o in_o 3000_o tun_n of_o newland-fish_n which_o the_o english_a bring_v thither_o and_o they_o also_o supply_v it_o with_o muscovia_n commodity_n as_o african_a hide_n above_o ten_o thousand_o pair_n yearly_a tallow_n 2000_o quintal_n wax_v 1000_o quintal_n beside_o other_o commodity_n of_o england_n as_o calve-skin_n hide_n salmon_n and_o some_o fish_n it_o afford_v not_o any_o commodity_n to_o be_v send_v abroad_o save_o some_o oil_n wine_n wool_n almond_n and_o verdigreece_n and_o all_o other_o be_v hither_o import_v from_o other_o country_n as_o such_o as_o alexandria_n aleppo_n acria_n constantinople_n naples_n â—…gorn_n or_o the_o coast_n of_o spain_n do_v yield_v the_o main_a support_n of_o their_o trade_n be_v the_o plenty_n of_o spanish_a rial_n and_o the_o licence_n here_o for_o exportation_n which_o be_v the_o only_a mean_n whereby_o the_o trade_n of_o turkey_n be_v preserve_v to_o they_o for_o from_o hence_o i_o have_v see_v 100_o thousand_o rial_n of_o â—_o shipâ—_n public_o upon_o a_o small_a vessel_n of_o 160_o tun_n for_o scanderoone_a which_o have_v be_v thence_o return_v in_o rich_a silk_n drug_n and_o spice_n but_o of_o late_a day_n their_o success_n in_o trade_n have_v prove_v so_o bad_a and_o their_o loss_n by_o pirate_n so_o great_a and_o so_o many_o that_o the_o town_n and_o merchant_n have_v lose_v much_o of_o their_o former_a splendour_n and_o same_o their_o great_a vessel_n be_v now_o become_v small_a bark_n and_o the_o great_a merchant_n of_o lion_n paris_n lymoges_n taure_n and_o other_o part_n of_o france_n who_o have_v here_o their_o factor_n for_o to_o continue_v this_o trade_n have_v recall_v they_o after_o the_o sustentation_n of_o great_a losseâ—_n the_o payment_n of_o great_a sum_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o their_o ambassador_n in_o constantinople_n and_o especial_o the_o late_a inhansement_n of_o their_o money_n which_o be_v the_o ruin_n and_o overthrow_v of_o all_o câ—…merce_n whatsoever_o in_o this_o place_n i_o reside_v for_o some_o year_n and_o therefore_o will_v note_v brief_o what_o i_o observe_v needful_a to_o my_o present_a subject_n marselia_n coin_n in_o marselia_n the_o money_n current_n and_o the_o account_n keep_v accord_n in_o all_o particular_n with_o paris_n sometime_o alteration_n be_v find_v in_o coin_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o great_a trade_n and_o that_o because_o both_o italian_a and_o spanish_a coin_n be_v here_o current_a these_o become_v sometime_o a_o merchandise_n and_o be_v request_v and_o inhanse_v according_a as_o occasion_n for_o transportation_n do_v require_v which_o be_v more_o in_o winter_n that_o in_o summer_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o general_a voyage_n make_v into_o turkey_n from_o september_n to_o match_n and_o common_o not_o after_o marselia_n weight_n in_o marselia_n the_o pound_n of_o marselia_n be_v 16_o ounce_n and_o 100_o l._n be_v the_o quintal_n 300_o l._n or_o three_o quintal_n make_v with_o they_o a_o cargo_n the_o 100_o l._n in_o marselia_n have_v be_v find_v to_o produce_v in_o these_o city_n follow_v in_o london_n 88½_n l._n venetia_n sotile_a 134_o l._n venetia_n grow_v 84¾_n  _fw-fr sicilia_n 50_o l._n lisbon_n 79_o l._n florence_n 114_o l._n anvers_n 86_o l._n lion_n 95_o l._n sevil_n 88_o l._n malaga_n 24_o rove_n dantzick_n 104_o l._n aleppo_n 18½_n r._n ditto_n silk_n 19¾_n  _fw-fr tripoli_n 211_o  _fw-fr ditto_n barbar_n 762_o  _fw-fr baruti_fw-la 175_o  _fw-fr alex._n zera_n 416_o  _fw-fr scio_fw-la 1110_o  _fw-fr constantinople_n 745_o  _fw-fr acria_n 146½_n  _fw-fr babylonia_n 125½_n m._n balsara_fw-it 36_o  _fw-fr place_n weight_n agree_v with_o other_o
place_n these_o observation_n i_o have_v find_v true_a by_o my_o own_o experience_n rotolo_n of_o aleppo_n give_v in_o marselia_n 5_o l._n 6_o ounce_n rotolo_n of_o damascus_n give_v 4½_n l._n rotolo_n of_o tripoli_n in_o syria_n 4½_n l._n rotolo_n of_o mantua_n 5½_n l._n cantaro_n of_o genoa_n 118_o l._n cantaro_n of_o civita_n veccia_n in_o allom_n 130_o l._n cantaro_n of_o alicant_n in_o barsilia_n 133½_n l._n rotolos_fw-la 100_o l._n malta_n in_o olive_n 200_o l._n loderos_n 100_o l._n of_o constantinople_n 135_o l._n cantaro_n of_o sardinia_n in_o cheese_n 100_o l._n cantaro_n of_o zant_n in_o curran_n 116_o l._n cargo_n of_o valentia_n in_o pepper_n 320_o l._n cantaro_n of_o argier_n 150_o l._n rotolo_n of_o cyprus_n in_o cotton_n 5¼_n l._n cantaro_n of_o valentia_n in_o cochineal_n 88_o l._n hundred_o of_o london_n 112_o l._n give_v in_o tin_n 125_o l._n and_o the_o 120_o l._n english_a stannery_n in_o tin_n make_v 134_o l._n these_o town_n be_v say_v to_o agree_v with_o marselia_n in_o their_o quintal_n marselia_n measure_n of_o marselia_n first_o lepanto_n 100_o l._n arch_n 100_o l._n candia_n sotile_n 100_o l._n petras_n 100_o l._n rochel_n 100_o l._n tholosa_fw-la 100_o l._n montpelier_n 100_o l._n avignion_n 100_o l._n which_o i_o refer_v to_o trial_n of_o he_o that_o shall_v have_v occasion_n because_o i_o question_v the_o truth_n of_o some_o of_o they_o the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o cane_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o eight_o palm_n the_o cane_n make_v 2â…›_n yard_n english_a corn_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o mine_n the_o sack_n of_o pisa_n and_o legorn_n be_v find_v to_o be_v 1â…˜_n mine_n of_o marselia_n marselia_n custom_n in_o marselia_n the_o custom_n here_o out_o and_o in_o be_v 1½_n per_fw-la cent_n but_o the_o city_n by_o reason_n of_o cleanse_v the_o harbour_n and_o some_o ship_n set_v out_o against_o pirate_n have_v make_v the_o 1½_n inward_o 3¼_n per_fw-la cent_n and_o only_a 1¼_n out_o this_o be_v mean_v of_o commodity_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o country_n but_o in_o spice_n bring_v in_o as_o pepper_n ginger_n indigo_n or_o such_o as_o come_v not_o out_o of_o the_o levant_n but_o as_o they_o call_v it_o out_o of_o the_o ponent_fw-la or_o out_o of_o the_o west-sea_n it_o pay_v the_o king_n custom_n which_o be_v now_o about_o 15_o per_fw-la cent_n beside_o the_o city_n custom_n above_o name_v and_o thus_o much_o for_o marselia_n avignion_n avignion_n the_o next_o province_n be_v that_o of_o avignion_n the_o principal_a city_n thereof_o call_v by_o that_o name_n it_o be_v a_o fair_a town_n and_o seat_v upon_o the_o river_n of_o rhone_n but_o have_v no_o trade_n that_o i_o can_v observe_v though_o i_o have_v often_o be_v there_o it_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o pope_n and_o he_o permit_v jew_n to_o inhabit_v here_o be_v find_v the_o principal_a pedlar_n for_o merchant_n i_o can_v call_v they_o the_o city_n be_v say_v to_o have_v 7_o palace_n 7_o parish_n 7_o monastery_n 7_o nunnery_n 7_o inn_n and_o 7_o gate_n and_o other_o thing_n of_o note_n i_o observe_v not_o and_o as_o for_o commerce_n the_o weight_n and_o measure_n differ_v not_o much_o from_o marselia_n and_o the_o great_a custom_n here_o pay_v be_v some_o prejudice_n to_o passenger_n and_o merchandise_n that_o pass_v from_o provence_n to_o lion_n or_o from_o lion_n to_o marselia_n orange_n orange_n the_o next_o province_n be_v orange_n the_o capital_a city_n here_o bear_v that_o name_n belong_v to_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n a_o strong_a town_n and_o sweet_o seat_v near_o upon_o the_o rhone_n here_o all_o protestant_a passenger_n be_v real_o welcome_v and_o papist_n narrow_o look_v unto_o in_o requital_n of_o the_o contrary_a courtesy_n practise_v at_o avignion_n not_o above_o six_o league_n off_o picardy_n picardy_n the_o next_o be_v picardy_n wherein_o i_o find_v amiens_n and_o abbeville_n for_o fair_a town_n but_o of_o little_a or_o no_o traffic_n calais_n calais_n calais_n also_o the_o inlet_a of_o france_n be_v strong_a but_o have_v send_v away_o its_o trade_n with_o the_o staple_n which_o by_o the_o english_a be_v plant_v and_o continue_v here_o for_o 200_o year_n whilst_o it_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o english_a the_o french_a king_n be_v accustom_v to_o have_v the_o same_o put_v daily_o into_o their_o remembrance_n till_o it_o be_v regain_v and_o be_v it_o not_o that_o the_o merchant_n adventurer_n make_v mention_v thereof_o in_o their_o oath_n take_v at_o the_o entrance_n into_o that_o brotherhood_n it_o be_v almost_o forget_v that_o ever_o it_o be_v english_a which_o i_o the_o rather_o mention_v here_o that_o some_o noble_a english_a heart_n will_v daily_o put_v our_o sovereign_n in_o mind_n thereof_o till_o it_o return_v again_o to_o be_v english_a in_o the_o mean_a time_n a_o word_n of_o the_o trade_n thereof_o chap._n cxxxii_o of_o calais_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o calais_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o calais_n former_o be_v the_o great_a staple_n for_o the_o wool_n of_o england_n and_o settle_v here_o aâ—…_n 1347._o by_o edward_n the_o three_o to_o make_v good_a his_o conquest_n after_o eleven_o month_n siege_n bâ—…_n afterward_o it_o be_v hence_o remove_v and_o this_o place_n lose_v by_o queen_n mary_n anno_fw-la 1557._o after_o 20â—_n year_n possession_n of_o the_o english_a and_o be_v by_o our_o then_o king_n of_o england_n ever_o call_v the_o key_n thâ—…_n give_v their_o army_n entrance_n into_o france_n the_o place_n be_v not_o now_o of_o any_o great_a note_a traffic_n though_o it_o and_o bullen_n be_v account_v the_o best_a maritime_a port_n in_o picardy_n opposite_a to_o dover_n from_o whence_o this_o be_v seven_o league_n distant_a the_o coin_n here_o current_n be_v those_o in_o general_a of_o france_n calais_n weight_n of_o calais_n the_o weight_n here_o in_o use_n be_v three_o first_o be_v the_o weight_n proper_a of_o the_o town_n the_o 100_o l._n whereof_o be_v in_o london_n about_o 92_o l._n the_o second_o be_v call_v the_o merchant_n weight_n the_o 100_o l._n whereof_o make_v in_o london_n 113_o l._n and_o the_o 100_o subtle_a of_o london_n be_v here_o 88_o l._n the_o three_o be_v call_v the_o english_a wool_n hundred_o or_o staple_n hundred_o 100_o l._n whereof_o be_v in_o london_n about_o 89_o l._n or_o 90_o l._n about_o 3_o per_fw-la cent_n different_a from_o the_o town-weight_n the_o measure_v use_v here_o be_v the_o auln_v and_o make_v in_o london_n inch_n champaign_n champaign_n the_o next_o be_v champaign_n wherein_o be_v rheims_n the_o principal_a city_n where_o the_o king_n of_o france_n be_v anoint_v and_o where_o there_o be_v a_o college_n for_o the_o entertainment_n of_o the_o english_a fugitive_n jesuit_n owe_v mean_v burgundy_n burgundy_n the_o next_o be_v burgundy_n famous_a for_o dijon_n which_o be_v notable_a through_o france_n for_o good_a mustard_n a_o note_n worthy_a our_o tukesbury_n bress_n bress_n the_o next_o be_v bress_n chastilion_n be_v the_o principal_a city_n and_o the_o last_o that_o i_o shall_v handle_v appertain_v to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n or_o under_o his_o government_n besanson_n besanson_n the_o next_o in_o order_n according_a to_o my_o method_n be_v the_o franche_fw-mi comte_n the_o principal_a city_n thereof_o be_v besanson_n which_o in_o time_n pass_v strive_v for_o precedency_n of_o trade_n with_o lion_n but_o be_v a_o inland_a town_n she_o have_v lose_v that_o honour_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o country_n bring_v home_o great_a and_o more_o honourable_a title_n as_o famous_v abroad_o for_o good_a soldier_n know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o walloon_n and_o now_o be_v under_o the_o command_n of_o spain_n the_o exchange_n of_o placentia_n be_v once_o here_o seat_v from_o cambray_n but_o the_o merchant_n be_v not_o well_o use_v return_v to_o placentia_n 100_o l._n besanson_n be_v 112_o l._n english_a lorain_n lorain_n the_o next_o be_v lorain_n the_o principal_a city_n be_v nants_n yield_v plenty_n of_o corn_n and_o wine_n store_n of_o freshwater_n fish_n and_o salt_n and_o famous_a in_o that_o it_o be_v the_o dukedom_n of_o godfrey_n surname_v of_o bulloign_n which_o win_v jerusalem_n from_o the_o saracen_n and_o be_v the_o first_o christian_n crown_v kitz_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o now_o to_o savoy_n as_o partake_v with_o the_o french_a in_o the_o trade_n as_o well_o as_o in_o their_o garb._n chap._n cxxxiii_o of_o savoy_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o savoy_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o the_o dukedom_n of_o savoy_n comprehend_v only_o this_o duchy_n and_o the_o principality_n of_o piedmont_n in_o the_o former_a be_v cambray_n the_o residency_n of_o the_o duke_n when_o he_o be_v in_o these_o part_n in_o the_o latter_a be_v nisa_n and_o villa-franca_n two_o seaport_n but_o not_o capacious_a nor_o safe_a for_o ship_n of_o burden_n next_o aste_n a_o great_a mart_n for_o all_o italian_a commodity_n and_o last_o
turin_n the_o principal_a city_n where_o the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n hold_v his_o court_n and_o residence_n and_o because_o in_o these_o latter_a year_n of_o war_n between_o england_n and_o france_n our_o english_a factor_n from_o marselia_n flee_v hither_o for_o succour_n entertainment_n and_o protection_n which_o they_o bountiful_o have_v of_o the_o late_a duke_n i_o must_v not_o pass_v over_o the_o trade_n thereof_o without_o remembrance_n nor_o be_v unmindful_a of_o that_o bounteous_a welcome_n they_o find_v at_o his_o highness_n hand_n chap._n cxxxiv_o of_o turin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o turin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o turin_n be_v the_o capital_a city_n of_o piedmont_n have_v nisa_n and_o villa-franca_n for_o seaport_n have_v have_v many_o furtherance_n to_o make_v it_o a_o great_a city_n of_o traffic_n for_o the_o duke_n at_o several_a time_n but_o last_o at_o the_o come_n of_o the_o english_a hither_o from_o marselia_n make_v a_o cavidal_a or_o stock_n for_o trade_n of_o 300000_o crown_n wherein_o he_o cause_v many_o of_o his_o noble_n to_o enter_v and_o become_v partner_n but_o when_o the_o stock_n be_v make_v and_o publish_v in_o england_n and_o in_o other_o country_n this_o dukedom_n be_v not_o find_v to_o give_v vent_n to_o any_o commodity_n of_o consequence_n some_o fish_n and_o calve-skin_n except_v wherewith_o to_o invest_v the_o say_a stock_n notwithstanding_o he_o give_v commandment_n that_o the_o english_a shall_v be_v kind_o entertain_v both_o at_o nisa_n and_o villa-franca_n and_o appoint_v certain_a lodging_n and_o warehouse_n for_o they_o and_o their_o ware_n but_o peace_n ensue_v short_o after_o with_o france_n the_o factor_n again_o return_v to_o marselia_n with_o due_a acknowledgement_n of_o their_o royal_a entertainment_n the_o main_a obstacle_n in_o trade_n here_o be_v the_o too_o near_a neighbourhood_n of_o genoa_n the_o rich_a and_o of_o legorn_a the_o free_a which_o neither_o of_o the_o two_o town_n former_o mention_v can_v equalise_v savoy_n coin_n of_o savoy_n the_o money_n common_o current_a in_o savoy_n be_v the_o money_n of_o italy_n and_o france_n as_o neighbour_a and_o the_o florin_n of_o the_o country_n account_v three_o sold._n turnois_n which_o be_v 3½_n d._n english_a their_o 100_o l._n make_v in_o london_n about_o 82_o l._n and_o 77_o l._n in_o lion_n and_o in_o venetia_n gross_a 66._o in_o 67_o l._n in_o florence_n or_o pisa_n 135_o l._n savoy_n account_n in_o savoy_n their_o account_n be_v keep_v in_o liver_n sold._n and_o denier_n as_o in_o france_n but_o in_o nisa_n they_o account_v by_o florin_n and_o gross_v a_o crown_n of_o sold._n of_o france_n be_v 4_o flor_n 2_o gross_a their_o measure_n be_v a_o ras_n both_o of_o cloth_n and_o silk_n which_o be_v half_a a_o auln_v of_o lion_n and_o 23_o inch_n english_a by_o the_o rule_n this_o country_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n rice_n and_o corn_n in_o abundance_n and_o some_o silk_n wrought_v here_o and_o some_o other_o commodity_n but_o of_o no_o great_a consequence_n nor_o worthy_a mention_v therefore_o i_o will_v forbear_v to_o treat_v further_o of_o this_o dukedom_n and_o end_v my_o french_a commerce_n l._n weight_n of_o france_n reduce_v to_o london_n 100_o l._n before_o i_o leave_v france_n and_o therewith_o savoy_n who_o do_v in_o all_o thing_n partake_v with_o the_o garb_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o french_a and_o till_o i_o enter_v into_o italy_n have_v thus_o survey_v some_o particular_a town_n of_o eminency_n therein_o it_o will_v be_v worthy_a notice_n to_o collect_v the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o such_o as_o we_o have_v omit_v and_o so_o view_v the_o general_a trade_n of_o france_n which_o i_o will_v begin_v in_o the_o weight_n and_o reduce_v the_o same_o to_o the_o 100_o l._n subtle_a of_o london_n which_o be_v observe_v the_o 100_o l._n of_o london_n have_v make_v in_o paris_n by_o kings-beam_n 89_o l._n diep_n  _fw-fr 91_o  _fw-fr burgoin_fw-fr  _fw-fr 91_o  _fw-fr rouen_n by_o viscount_n 88_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr by_o ordinary_a weight_n 92_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr weigh_n by_o the_o same_o and_o account_v 4_o l._n per_fw-la cent_n over_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr avignion_n  _fw-fr 312_o l._n calais_n  _fw-fr 107_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr by_o merchant_n weight_n 88_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr english_a wool_n weight_n 110_o  _fw-fr marselia_n  _fw-fr 112_o  _fw-fr aquimort_n  _fw-fr 98_o  _fw-fr mirabel_n  _fw-fr 98_o  _fw-fr abbeville_n  _fw-fr 91_o  _fw-fr bourdeaux_n  _fw-fr 91_o  _fw-fr lion_n by_o ordinary_a weight_n 107_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr by_o silk-weight_n 98_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr by_o customer_n weight_n 90_o  _fw-fr tholouse_n  _fw-fr 112_o  _fw-fr montpelier_n  _fw-fr 112_o  _fw-fr rochel_n  _fw-fr 112_o  _fw-fr ditto_n by_o small_a weight_n 115_o  _fw-fr genoa_n  _fw-fr 98_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr by_o great_a weight_n 82_o  _fw-fr s._n anthony_n  _fw-fr 123_o  _fw-fr calsada_n  _fw-fr 98_o  _fw-fr for_o further_a instruction_n here_o i_o may_v refer_v the_o ingenious_a to_o the_o large_a work_n of_o monsieur_n sauâ—na_n who_o have_v comprise_v all_o the_o trade_n of_o france_n into_o a_o volume_n of_o too_o great_a a_o buâ—k_n for_o i_o to_o peruse_v it_o more_o accurate_o london_n measure_n of_o france_n reduce_v to_o the_o 100_o yard_n of_o london_n in_o like_a manner_n to_o abbreviate_v my_o labour_n you_o will_v see_v that_o the_o 100_o yard_n of_o london_n make_v in_o these_o town_n follow_v in_o roven_n 77½_n aulns_n avignion_n 80_o  _fw-fr orleans_n 48_o cane_n marselia_n silk_n 48_o  _fw-fr ditto_n for_o woollen_a 44¼_n  _fw-fr paris_n rochel_n 78_o auln_n lion_n for_o linen_n 80_o  _fw-fr ditto_n for_o silk_n 115_o aulns_n provence_n 48_o cane_n geneva_n 80_o stab_n nants_n abbeville_n 110_o auln_n and_o so_o for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o same_o be_v find_v through_o all_o france_n the_o abovesaid_a place_n only_o except_v chap._n cxxxv_o of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o france_n france_n the_o general_a trade_n of_o france_n from_o the_o particular_a trade_n of_o the_o city_n of_o france_n let_v we_o view_v the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o we_o shall_v not_o find_v it_o of_o any_o great_a consequence_n for_o here_o it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o gentleman_n do_v not_o meddle_v with_o traffic_n because_o they_o think_v such_o traffic_n ignoble_a and_o base_a and_o so_o unfit_a for_o they_o which_o error_n the_o french_a no_o less_o dear_o buy_v than_o do_v some_o english_a to_o which_o kingdom_n of_o late_a day_n they_o have_v in_o some_o sort_n blow_v over_o that_o opinion_n though_o some_o of_o the_o better_a judgement_n of_o england_n be_v reform_v in_o that_o point_n and_o find_v it_o a_o most_o worthy_a excellent_a and_o profitable_a call_v but_o as_o the_o french_a be_v find_v to_o neglect_v merchandize_v so_o aâ—…_n they_o less_o studious_a in_o their_o navigation_n than_o their_o neighbour_n either_o spaniard_n dutch_n or_o english_a which_o i_o imagine_v proceed_v not_o out_o of_o a_o desire_n to_o attempt_v or_o courage_n to_o perform_v but_o because_o they_o abound_v with_o all_o thing_n both_o for_o plentiful_a food_n and_o rich_a attire_n and_o if_o they_o want_v any_o thing_n stranger_n glad_o bring_v it_o to_o they_o allure_v by_o four_o principal_a commodity_n which_o do_v much_o enrich_v the_o inhabitant_n which_o be_v wine_n linen_n salt_n and_o corn_n be_v the_o prime_a commodity_n of_o that_o kingdom_n yet_o it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o marselians_n trade_n and_o navigate_v in_o egypt_n aleppo_n and_o constantinople_n and_o the_o norman_n and_o britain_n into_o england_n spain_n ireland_n and_o netherlands_n in_o time_n of_o war_n they_o have_v also_o some_o small_a vessel_n at_o sea_n more_o fit_a for_o piracy_n and_o theft_n than_o for_o any_o great_a war_n of_o moment_n and_o their_o success_n have_v be_v so_o ill_o in_o their_o colony_n in_o america_n that_o it_o have_v quite_o dishearten_v they_o from_o second_v their_o attempt_n three_o city_n here_o carry_v the_o great_a fame_n in_o trade_n marselia_n for_o the_o levant_n roven_n for_o the_o english_a channel_n and_o rochel_n for_o he_o ocean_n this_o last_o subsist_v by_o the_o growth_n of_o their_o white_a and_o claret_n wine_n of_o bourdeaux_n rouen_n by_o their_o petty_a manufacture_n of_o card_n pin_n comb_n paper_n and_o canvas_n and_o marselia_n by_o the_o trade_n of_o turkey_n wherein_o be_v find_v factor_n that_o do_v employ_v the_o estate_n of_o many_o merchant_n resident_a within_o lion_n and_o other_o inland_n town_n of_o france_n which_o give_v life_n to_o most_o of_o their_o traffic_n and_o navigation_n in_o these_o part_n now_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o england_n bring_v they_o newland_n fish_n herring_n pilcher_n lead_v tin_n clothes_n kersey_n cotton_n or_o fâ—…zes_n and_o have_v in_o return_n wine_n from_o bourdeaux_n oil_n and_o almond_n from_o marselia_n and_o pepper_n canvas_n buckram_n from_o roven_n and_o locrams_n from_o morlais_n the_o
of_o some_o of_o the_o late_a king_n of_o england_n to_o their_o own_o subject_n for_o their_o encouragement_n in_o trade_n and_o their_o general_a inclination_n thereto_o so_o they_o in_o themselves_o have_v be_v chief_o want_v to_o themselves_o and_o have_v suffer_v a_o loss_n to_o fall_v insensible_o upon_o they_o that_o have_v be_v the_o great_a ruin_n of_o their_o traffic_n comprise_v within_o mystery_n the_o of_o these_o their_o new_a impost_n and_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o navigator_n which_o that_o prince_n must_v ever_o careful_o avoid_v that_o will_v have_v his_o country_n and_o subject_n thrive_v thereby_o and_o have_v now_o lose_v all_o their_o trade_n to_o all_o other_o place_n the_o dominion_n of_o the_o great_a turk_n only_o except_v their_o ship_n and_o galley_n be_v decay_v and_o their_o mariner_n flee_v from_o they_o some_o spark_n be_v see_v yet_o to_o remain_v but_o the_o great_a fire_n of_o their_o mighty_a traffic_n be_v extinguish_v it_o will_v not_o be_v needful_a for_o i_o to_o rake_v the_o ash_n and_o observe_v further_o that_o little_a coal_n that_o be_v yet_o rest_v unconsume_v among_o they_o chap._n clix_o of_o florence_n and_o the_o city_n of_o that_o kingdom_n thereof_o florence_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o the_o dukedom_n of_o florence_n contain_v the_o great_a part_n of_o tuscany_n and_o now_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o signiory_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n with_o the_o republic_n of_o pisa_n and_o sienna_n the_o principal_a marine_a port_n whereof_o be_v leghorn_n which_o may_v be_v account_v the_o best_a and_o one_o of_o the_o great_a town_n of_o trade_n in_o all_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n not_o only_o thus_o continue_v and_o preserve_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n alone_o but_o of_o other_o nation_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a immunity_n and_o privilege_n of_o this_o place_n and_o the_o freedom_n give_v to_o stranger_n and_o merchant_n and_o principal_o because_o all_o sort_n of_o merchandise_n may_v be_v here_o land_v free_a of_o all_o custom_n duty_n and_o impost_n this_o scale_n be_v grow_v to_o that_o height_n that_o it_o be_v famous_a throughout_o all_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o ocean_n sea_n in_o this_o republic_n i_o find_v only_o four_o city_n of_o consequence_n that_o challenge_n in_o matter_n of_o commerce_n my_o observation_n which_o be_v florence_n itself_o the_o principal_a city_n of_o this_o dukedom_n next_o sienna_n than_o pisa_n and_o last_o the_o above_o mention_v town_n of_o leghorn_n tuscany_n commodity_n of_o tuscany_n these_o country_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n some_o marble_n rice_n wines_n oil_n quantity_n of_o silk_n both_o raw_a and_o wrought_v in_o stuff_n famous_a for_o their_o fabric_n throughout_o europe_n as_o satin_n taffeta_n velvet_n grogram_n plush_n and_o the_o like_a call_v common_o of_o florence_n from_o england_n be_v here_o vend_v pepper_n cloves_n mace_n indigo_n calico_n as_o be_v east-india_n commodity_n and_o lead_v tin_n clothâ—_n bays_n serges_n perpetuano_n as_o native_a and_o the_o english_a also_o bring_v hither_o herring_n white_a and_o red_a pickle_a salmon_n newland_n fish_n pilchard_n calves-skin_n and_o many_o other_o commodity_n merchant_n the_o duke_n of_o florence_n a_o great_a merchant_n the_o duke_n of_o florence_n have_v ever_o be_v find_v to_o be_v a_o great_a lover_n of_o merchant_n and_o merchandize_v and_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v at_o this_o day_n the_o great_a merchant_n in_o europe_n forget_v not_o that_o his_o ancestor_n do_v raise_v themselves_o by_o traffic_n to_o the_o greatness_n and_o height_n he_o now_o do_v hold_v and_o to_o this_o end_n be_v find_v in_o leghorn_n a_o stock_n proper_o run_v in_o trade_n for_o his_o account_n which_o be_v employ_v in_o traffic_n as_o occasion_n of_o profit_n upon_o merchandise_n do_v present_v itself_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o tuscany_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o cosmi_fw-la the_o second_o be_v the_o first_o duke_n of_o florence_n that_o have_v the_o title_n of_o great_a duke_n of_o tuscaâ—y_n confer_v upon_o he_o be_v crown_v in_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n with_o that_o title_n give_v to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o by_o pope_n pius_n the_o five_o in_o the_o year_n 1570._o since_o which_o the_o great_a duke_n successor_n have_v desire_v of_o succeed_a pope_n the_o title_n of_o king_n but_o it_o have_v be_v always_o obstruct_v by_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n who_o will_v endure_v no_o king_n in_o italy_n but_o himself_o and_o refuse_v by_o the_o pope_n as_o too_o lordly_a a_o title_n this_o duke_n and_o his_o predecessor_n have_v ever_o be_v find_v to_o be_v great_a lover_n of_o merchant_n and_o merchandize_v know_v that_o his_o predecessor_n raise_v themselves_o by_o traffic_n to_o the_o greatness_n he_o now_o do_v hold_v his_o territory_n be_v separate_v on_o the_o east_n from_o the_o land_n of_o the_o church_n by_o the_o river_n pisco_n on_o the_o west_n from_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o genoa_n by_o the_o river_n macra_n on_o the_o north_n from_o romandiola_n and_o marca_n anconitano_n by_o the_o apennine_a hill_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o south_n by_o the_o tyrrhenian_a sea_n be_v about_o 260_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o in_o some_o place_n as_o much_o in_o breadth_n the_o country_n between_o florence_n and_o leghorn_n be_v about_o fifty_o mile_n be_v full_a of_o spacious_a field_n and_o fruitful_a valley_n here_o and_o there_o a_o pleasant_a mountain_n equalize_v they_o for_o fertility_n abundant_o furnish_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o delicious_a wine_n and_o beautify_v with_o many_o delicate_a city_n and_o town_n and_o in_o a_o word_n plentiful_o store_v with_o all_o the_o benediction_n of_o nature_n the_o inhabitant_n profess_v the_o reman_n catholic_n religion_n and_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n the_o great_a dukeâ—_n dominion_n may_v be_v fit_o divide_v into_o four_o part_n viz._n the_o city_n and_o territory_n first_o of_o florence_n 2._o pisa_n 3._o sienna_n 4._o and_o last_o the_o island_n situate_v in_o the_o tyrrhenian_a sea_n the_o estate_n of_o florence_n take_v up_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n dominion_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o south_n by_o the_o territory_n of_o pisa_n and_o sienna_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o apennine_a hill_n so_o call_v from_o florence_n the_o principal_a city_n for_o beauty_n and_o trade_n within_o this_o territory_n nicholas_n machiavelli_n that_o unhappy_a man_n be_v once_o secretary_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o florence_n who_o but_o for_o publish_v that_o which_o be_v frequent_o practise_v by_o prince_n have_v entail_v a_o edium_fw-la upon_o his_o name_n for_o aught_o any_o know_v to_o all_o posterity_n but_o to_o our_o business_n next_o to_o be_v handle_v which_o be_v the_o description_n and_o trade_n of_o florence_n chap._n clx_o of_o florence_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o florence_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o city_n of_o florence_n be_v seat_v near_o the_o confluence_n of_o the_o two_o river_n arne_n and_o chian_a and_o be_v a_o very_a fair_a city_n and_o abound_v with_o public_a and_o private_a building_n of_o great_a beauty_n and_o therefore_o by_o some_o suppose_a to_o be_v call_v florentia_n à _fw-la situ_fw-la florenti_fw-la it_o be_v in_o compass_n six_o mile_n and_o be_v the_o residence_n of_o the_o duke_n who_o here_o have_v a_o sumptuous_a palace_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o trade_n thereof_o do_v consist_v in_o fabric_n of_o silk_n that_o here_o be_v make_v and_o be_v hence_o proper_o call_v and_o in_o the_o exchange_n here_o be_v use_v and_o practise_v by_o banker_n for_o all_o part_n of_o europe_n the_o inhabitant_n have_v lose_v the_o honour_n of_o merchandize_v which_o ancient_o they_o have_v when_o eminent_a factor_n from_o hence_o be_v send_v into_o flanders_n and_o england_n and_o to_o other_o country_n to_o reside_v who_o manage_v a_o very_a great_a trade_n now_o total_o decay_v what_o i_o have_v find_v from_o other_o or_o observe_v myself_o 1619._o when_o i_o be_v here_o i_o shall_v set_v down_o for_o the_o present_a occurrence_n of_o the_o place_n florence_n account_n in_o florence_n the_o merchant_n do_v here_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o livre_n sell_v and_o denier_n 12_o denier_n make_v a_o sol_fw-mi and_o 20_o sol_n a_o livre_fw-fr and_o other_o again_o in_o crown_n sol_fw-la and_o denier_n of_o gold_n of_o liures_fw-fr 7½_n per_fw-la crown_n account_v 12_o denier_n to_o a_o sol_fw-mi and_o 20_o sol_n to_o a_o crown_n but_o all_o their_o commodity_n be_v sell_v by_o laures_n sold_n and_o denier_n of_o their_o money_n and_o to_o reduce_v livre_n into_o crown_n multiply_v by_o 2_o and_o divide_v by_o 15_o because_o 15_o half_a livre_n make_v a_o crown_n and_o to_o reduce_v the_o say_v livre_n into_o ducat_n 1_o 7_o be_v to_o be_v take_v florence_n coin_n current_a in_o
common_a coin_n be_v the_o rappen_v munt_n whereon_o be_v stamp_v a_o crow_n six_o of_o these_o rappen_v of_o basil_n make_v a_o plapart_n or_o three_o cretzer_n and_o 20_o plapart_n or_o 60_o cretzer_n make_v a_o common_a guilden_a and_o 3_o pfen_a make_v a_o cretzer_n at_o zurick_v it_o be_v find_v that_o 6_o pfening_n make_v a_o shilling_n and_o may_v be_v worth_a a_o penny_n sterling_a and_o 3_o pfening_n make_v a_o sickerling_n two_o great_a finfer_v of_o basil_n and_o one_o little_a finferlin_n make_v a_o bat_n of_o basil_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n 5_o finferlin_n make_v a_o bat_n and_o 5_o finfer_v 2_o bat_n but_o my_o work_n be_v endless_a to_o run_v through_o the_o particular_a coin_n current_a and_o stamp_v in_o every_o particular_a place_n of_o this_o empire_n therefore_o this_o shall_v suffice_v for_o a_o taste_n of_o the_o variety_n and_o whosoever_o carry_v any_o merchandise_n into_o these_o country_n let_v he_o be_v sure_a to_o know_v the_o true_a worth_n of_o the_o money_n he_o receive_v for_o the_o same_o lest_o he_o prove_v in_o conclusion_n a_o loser_n by_o his_o traffic_n chap._n ccvii_o the_o weight_n of_o germany_n reduce_v to_o the_o 100_o l._n of_o london_n london_n weight_n in_o general_a of_o germany_n reduce_v to_o the_o 100_o l._n of_o london_n the_o next_o thing_n in_o order_n to_o be_v handle_v be_v the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o the_o city_n of_o trade_n in_o this_o empire_n which_o i_o have_v in_o part_n touch_v already_o upon_o the_o principal_a town_n the_o rest_n or_o as_o many_o as_o have_v come_v in_o my_o collection_n i_o shall_v here_o insert_v the_o more_o ingenious_a and_o better_a skill_a may_v add_v the_o rest_n and_o first_o for_o the_o weight_n which_o here_o i_o have_v reduce_v to_o the_o 100_o l._n subtle_a of_o london_n the_o which_o be_v find_v to_o yield_v in_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr l._n the_o 100_o l._n of_o london_n do_v make_v in_o noremberg_n 88_o collen_n 89½_n constance_n 88_o ausburg_n 91_o spiers_n 88_o heidelberg_n 92_o lipsick_a 92_o friburg_n 92_o silesia_n 116_o vlm_n 92_o vienna_n 81_o statin_n 91_o erford_n 81_o ipsburg_n 81_o salsburg_n gross_a 79_o ditto_n small_a 108_o lubeck_n 92_o botsen_n 133_o costut_n 92_o mizzen_n of_o 16_o ounce_n l._n 96_o of_o 12_o ounce_n the_o l._n 142_o of_o merchant_n weight_n 92_o munchen_n 91_o wessel_n 91_o saxony_n in_o general_n 96_o norlingen_n 91_o frankfort_n 92_o breslow_n 116_o canoli_fw-la 83_o domstreder_n 92_o regenberg_n 83_o loosen_v 141_o offen_n 92_o basil_n 92_o pastow_n 83_o hamburg_n 92_o copenhagen_n 92_o basil_n 92_o zurick_n 94_o walloon_n country_n 104_o chap._n ccviii_o of_o measure_n of_o germany_n reduce_v to_o the_o measure_n of_o london_n germany_n measure_n of_o germany_n have_v do_v with_o their_o weight_n in_o general_a i_o will_v do_v the_o same_o for_o their_o long_a measure_n in_o general_a which_o i_o will_v reduce_v to_o the_o 100_o yard_n of_o london_n and_o note_n that_o the_o same_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o have_v produce_v in_o these_o city_n of_o germany_n embden_n 163_o ell_n lubeck_n 160_o ell_n munster_n 80_o ell_n collen_n 160_o ell_n erford_n 218_o ell_n frankfort_n 169_o ell_n cloth_n jenferr_v 80_o stable_n noremberg_n 160_o ell_n for_o silk_n 138_o ell_n vienna_n for_o linen_n 103_o ell_n ditto_n for_o silk_n 113_o ell_n prague_n 148_o ell_n ditto_n for_o silk_n 160_o ell_n vlm_n 160_o ell_n ditto_n for_o woollen_a 128_o ell_n lipsick_a 160_o ell_n cloth_n ossenbrigâ—…_n 84_o ell_n breme_n 163_o ell_n hamburg_n 163_o ell_n basil_n 167_o ell_n bautson_n 148_o ell_n ditto_n for_o silk_n 160_o ell_n halle_n 178_o ell_n mizzen_n 160_o ell_n cloth_n ditto_n for_o silk_n 138_o ell_n offnes_n long_a measure_n 159_o ell_n ditto_n short_a measure_n 173_o ell_n zearech_v 155_o ell_n statin_n 141_o ell_n ocermond_n 141_o ell_n wismar_n 157_o ell_n gripswald_n 163_o ell_n the_o rest_n i_o willing_o omit_v for_o brevity_n sake_n and_o refer_v these_o to_o the_o trial_n of_o the_o better_o experience_v chap._n ccix_o of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o germany_n germany_n the_o general_a trade_n of_o germany_n the_o particular_a trade_n of_o several_a city_n be_v thus_o observe_v it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o a_o little_a to_o look_v into_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o germany_n and_o therewith_o also_o the_o navigation_n of_o this_o nation_n by_o which_o we_o find_v that_o in_o all_o country_n almost_o the_o same_o be_v principal_o maintain_v the_o city_n then_o find_v on_o the_o sea-coast_n on_o the_o north-side_n of_o germany_n have_v very_o great_a ship_n yet_o more_o fit_n for_o great_a stowage_n and_o burden_n than_o either_o for_o sail_n or_o defence_n and_o therefore_o oftentimes_o to_o this_o end_n freight_v by_o the_o netherlander_n neither_o can_v i_o attribute_v much_o commendation_n to_o the_o german_a mariner_n for_o those_o sea_n in_o good_a part_n and_o the_o baltic_a sea_n altogether_o be_v find_v free_a of_o pirate_n and_o piracy_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a reason_n why_o their_o ship_n be_v find_v in_o the_o general_a to_o be_v so_o ill_o arm_v either_o defensive_a or_o offensive_a and_o in_o one_o thing_n they_o concur_v with_o the_o dutch_a to_o the_o shame_n of_o the_o christian_n profession_n that_o their_o be_v never_o find_v any_o prayer_n use_v aboard_o their_o ship_n neither_o morning_n or_o evening_n contrary_a to_o the_o laudable_a custom_n and_o godly_a exercise_n of_o our_o english_a mariner_n who_o constant_o use_v prayer_n and_o psalm_n at_o least_o four_o time_n in_o four_o and_o twenty_o hour_n which_o be_v at_o the_o set_n of_o the_o four_o quarterly_a watch_n of_o the_o day_n and_o night_n these_o maritime_a city_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n either_o hans-town_n or_o free_a city_n because_o they_o enjoy_v of_o old_a in_o all_o neighbour_n kingdom_n great_a privelege_n of_o buy_v any_o commodity_n as_o well_o of_o stranger_n as_o citizen_n and_o of_o sell_v their_o own_o to_o either_o at_o pleasure_n and_o to_o bring_v in_o or_o carry_v out_o all_o commodity_n by_o their_o own_o ship_n with_o like_a immunity_n equal_a to_o citizen_n in_o all_o the_o say_a dominion_n and_o no_o less_o prejudicial_a to_o other_o than_o advantageous_a to_o themselves_o and_o in_o london_n they_o be_v wont_a to_o dwell_v together_o in_o the_o house_n call_v the_o still_a yard_n and_o there_o enjoy_v these_o and_o many_o other_o privilege_n which_o now_o for_o many_o year_n have_v lie_v dead_a partly_o by_o reason_n the_o english_a find_v not_o these_o or_o the_o like_a privilege_n in_o these_o free_a hans-town_n and_o partly_o by_o reason_n they_o have_v find_v it_o more_o commodious_a to_o make_v use_n of_o their_o own_o ship_n as_o in_o these_o day_n it_o be_v find_v they_o do_v notwithstanding_o all_o this_o yet_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o german_n in_o general_n apply_v themselves_o very_o industrious_o to_o all_o traffic_n by_o land_n but_o the_o free_a city_n on_o the_o sea_n coast_n do_v but_o cold_o exercise_v it_o by_o sea_n beer_n be_v find_v to_o be_v spend_v and_o export_v among_o themselves_o in_o a_o incredible_a measure_n and_o quantity_n with_o a_o extraordinary_a gain_n and_o therefore_o note_v for_o one_o of_o the_o prime_a commodity_n of_o this_o empire_n bring_v profit_n not_o only_o to_o private_a man_n but_o also_o to_o prince_n and_o to_o free_a state_n there_o be_v no_o merchandise_n in_o the_o world_n that_o more_o easy_o find_v a_o buyer_n in_o germany_n than_o this_o for_o other_o commodity_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o germany_n send_v into_o italy_n linens_n corn_n and_o wax_n it_o send_v into_o england_n board_n iron_n diaper_n rhenish_a wine_n and_o noremberg_n ware_n which_o can_v hardly_o be_v call_v commodity_n into_o spain_n they_o send_v linen_n wax_n brass_n copper_n cordage_n masâ—s_n gunpowder_n and_o this_o be_v their_o principal_a exportation_n now_o for_o their_o importation_n italy_n return_v they_o silk_n of_o all_o kind_n england_n lead_v tin_n and_o woollen_a clothes_n and_o spain_n return_v they_o spanish_a wine_n fruit_n oil_n salt_n some_o wool_n and_o other_o commodity_n i_o former_o note_v that_o the_o english_a have_v their_o staple_n at_o embden_n the_o count_n whereof_o use_v they_o well_o and_o courteous_o but_o war_n grow_v between_o england_n and_o spain_n the_o place_n grow_v dangerous_a for_o they_o for_o their_o good_n be_v take_v and_o themselves_o make_v prisoner_n even_o in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o harbour_n whereupon_o they_o remove_v to_o hamburg_n where_o be_v oppress_v with_o new_a imposition_n and_o be_v deny_v the_o exercise_n of_o their_o religion_n they_o remove_v also_o thence_o and_o settle_v their_o staple_n at_o stoad_n then_o also_o our_o english_a have_v their_o staple_n at_o dantzick_n in_o prusen_n for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n but_o when_o the_o
dantzicker_n under_o pretence_n of_o the_o suevian_a war_n exact_v of_o they_o a_o dollar_n for_o each_o woollen-cloth_n and_o as_o much_o proportionable_o upon_o all_o other_o commodity_n and_o afterward_o though_o the_o war_n be_v end_v yet_o will_v remit_v nothing_o of_o the_o same_o and_o withal_o forbid_v the_o english_a by_o a_o law_n decree_v to_o live_v in_o poland_n the_o commodity_n whereof_o be_v only_o sell_v there_o lest_o they_o shall_v learn_v the_o language_n and_o find_v out_o the_o mystery_n of_o that_o trade_n and_o country_n and_o last_o when_o as_o they_o exact_v as_o much_o weekly_a of_o a_o englishman_n dwell_v in_o their_o city_n as_o they_o do_v of_o a_o jew_n dwell_v there_o among_o they_o the_o english_a thereupon_o make_v agreement_n with_o the_o senate_n of_o melvin_n for_o a_o 11_o year_n to_o pay_v they_o six_o gross_a for_o each_o cloth_n bring_v in_o and_z according_o for_o all_o other_o good_n and_o to_o pay_v as_o much_o more_o in_o the_o city_n of_o kettle_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o prusen_n for_o his_o give_v they_o free_a passage_n to_o melvin_n and_o so_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o settle_v their_o staple_n in_o melvin_n whereupon_o the_o dantzicker_n be_v offend_v with_o the_o citizen_n of_o melvin_n and_o the_o hamburger_n no_o less_o with_o those_o of_o stoad_n procure_v all_o the_o free_a city_n by_o a_o public_a writing_n to_o out_o law_n not_o only_a melvin_n and_o stoad_n for_o receive_v the_o english_a to_o the_o common_a prejudice_n of_o the_o rest_n but_o also_o ceningsberg_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o prusen_n and_o the_o free_a city_n of_o lubeck_n for_o favour_v the_o english_a in_o this_o their_o course_n and_o for_o permit_v they_o be_v stranger_n to_o sell_v their_o good_n to_o any_o other_o than_o the_o citizen_n of_o each_o several_a city_n but_o how_o these_o difference_n come_v afterward_o to_o be_v reconcile_v and_o their_o staple_n remove_v thence_o i_o have_v show_v in_o other_o place_n prusen_n trade_n of_o prusen_n and_o be_v now_o enter_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o trade_n of_o prusen_n a_o german_a province_n but_o of_o late_a year_n annex_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n which_o of_o itself_o be_v of_o great_a importance_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o enlarge_v myself_o upon_o some_o particular_n thereof_o the_o english_a then_o be_v find_v to_o bring_v thither_o great_a quantity_n of_o tin_n lead_v and_o woollen_a clothes_n and_o other_o commodity_n and_o to_o bring_v thence_o hard_a and_o liquid_a pitch_n hemp_n flax_n cable_n mast_n for_o ship_n board_n and_o timber_n for_o build_v linen_n cloth_n wax_n mineral_n salt_n which_o in_o poland_n they_o dig_v out_o of_o pit_n like_o great_a stone_n and_o the_o same_o be_v put_v to_o the_o fire_n be_v make_v pure_a and_o be_v black_a his_o colour_n be_v more_o durable_a and_o less_o subject_a to_o give_v again_o than_o our_o boil_a salt_n also_o they_o bring_v thence_o pine_n ash_n for_o make_v of_o soap_n common_o know_v to_o we_o by_o the_o name_n of_o soap-ash_n and_o corn_n in_o great_a quantity_n yet_o the_o english_a be_v find_v seldom_o to_o have_v need_n of_o their_o corn_n for_o the_o use_n of_o england_n which_o many_o time_n of_o their_o own_o they_o transport_v to_o other_o nation_n but_o they_o buy_v it_o as_o the_o free_a city_n do_v to_o transport_v it_o to_o other_o country_n which_o the_o low_a countryman_n do_v also_o buy_v as_o well_o for_o themselves_o as_o to_o serve_v spain_n and_o other_o country_n therewith_o so_o great_a a_o quantity_n thereof_o be_v hence_o disperse_v into_o all_o part_n of_o europe_n amber_n amber_n amber_n be_v also_o bring_v from_o thence_o but_o not_o gather_v neither_o at_o melvin_n nor_o dantzick_n as_o some_o imagine_v but_o on_o the_o seaside_n of_o koningsperg_n where_o as_o i_o say_v the_o duke_n of_o prusen_n hold_v his_o court_n and_o so_o all_o along_o the_o coast_n of_o curland_n where_o howsoever_o it_o lie_v in_o great_a quantity_n on_o the_o sand_n of_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v as_o safe_a as_o if_o it_o be_v lock_v up_o in_o warehouse_n since_o it_o be_v death_n for_o any_o to_o take_v up_o the_o least_o piece_n thereof_o and_o be_v only_o by_o the_o law_n account_v to_o be_v the_o proper_a commodity_n of_o the_o duke_n to_o who_o the_o same_o appertain_v and_o this_o be_v as_o much_o as_o i_o have_v think_v requisite_a to_o handle_v concern_v the_o trade_n of_o germany_n in_o general_a or_o of_o the_o imperial_a city_n and_o heâ—…-tomns_a in_o particular_a i_o will_v proceed_v to_o the_o next_o kingdom_n which_o in_o order_n be_v denmark_n and_o to_o the_o principal_a city_n and_o particular_a trade_n thereof_o chap._n ccx_o of_o denmark_n and_o the_o province_n and_o city_n thereof_o thereof_o denmark_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o denmark_n have_v on_o the_o east_n mare_n balticum_n on_o the_o west_n the_o german_a ocean_n on_o the_o north_n sweden_n on_o the_o south_n germany_n this_o country_n do_v afford_v for_o merchandise_n fish_n tallow_n hides_n and_o have_v abundance_n of_o ox_n 50000_o be_v say_v to_o be_v send_v hence_o yearly_a to_o germany_n also_o buck-skin_n armour_n of_o all_o soâ—…s_n furniture_n for_o ship_v board_n such_o as_o wainscot_n fir-wood_n etc._n etc._n this_o kingdom_n now_o contain_v cimbrick_n chersonese_n the_o island_n of_o the_o baltic_a and_o part_n of_o sâ—…dia_n and_o first_o this_o chersonese_n be_v divide_v into_o four_o province_n alsatia_n alsatia_n alsatia_n be_v the_o first_o wherein_o be_v find_v the_o city_n niemunster_n and_o bramsted_n and_o be_v the_o title_n of_o the_o second_o son_n of_o denmark_n dithmars_n dithmars_n dithmars_n be_v the_o second_o province_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o marn_n and_o meldâ—…_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o last_o be_v esteem_v so_o wealthy_a that_o they_o be_v say_v to_o cover_v their_o house_n which_o copper_n slesia_n slesia_n slesia_n be_v the_o three_o wherein_o be_v of_o note_n sleswick_n 2_o gottorp_n and_o 3_o londen_n a_o haven_n town_n jutland_n jutland_n jutland_n be_v the_o four_o the_o town_n of_o note_n be_v rincopen_n 2_o nicopen_fw-mi 3_o holn_n and_o 4_o arhausen_n island_n baltic_a island_n the_o baltic_a island_n be_v 35_o in_o number_n but_o of_o they_o 4_o be_v sound_n to_o be_v of_o principal_a note_n 1_o sâ—land_n 2_o fionia_n 3_o bornholm_n and_o 4_o fimeria_n of_o which_o a_o word_n seeland_n seeland_n in_o seeland_n be_v find_v thirteen_o city_n copenhagen_n copenhagen_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v haffen_n the_o king_n seat_n and_o the_o only_a university_n in_o denmark_n know_v to_o other_o nation_n by_o the_o name_n of_o copenhagen_n that_o be_v mercaâ—…rum_n portus_n or_o the_o merchant_n haven_n elsinour_n elsinour_n second_o elsinour_n stand_v on_o the_o seaside_n in_o which_o town_n the_o merchant_n that_o have_v pass_v or_o be_v to_o pass_v the_o sound_n do_v pay_v their_o custom_n to_o the_o king_n and_o three_o rochilt_n the_o sepulchre_n of_o the_o danish_a king_n between_o this_o island_n and_o the_o firm_a land_n of_o scandivonia_n be_v the_o passage_n call_v the_o sound_n towards_o muscovia_n which_o do_v former_o yield_v unto_o this_o king_n a_o great_a yearly_a profit_n but_o now_o much_o decay_v since_o the_o english_a find_v out_o the_o northern_a passage_n into_o russia_n this_o sound_n be_v in_o breadth_n 3_o mile_n and_o command_v oâ—_n scandia_n side_n by_o the_o castle_n of_o helsenburgh_n and_o on_o this_o island_n by_o that_o of_o cronburg_n both_o castle_n of_o good_a defence_n fionia_n fionia_n in_o fionia_n be_v find_v eight_o town_n the_o principal_a whereof_o osel_n scomberg_n and_o other_o bornholm_n bornholm_n in_o bornholmia_n be_v a_o principal_a city_n bornholm_n fimeria_n fimeria_n in_o fimeria_n be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o peterborn_n and_o be_v the_o island_n in_o which_o that_o famous_a mathematician_n tycho_n brabe_n build_v a_o artificial_a tower_n wherein_o he_o study_v the_o mathematics_n and_o wherein_o be_v still_o reserve_v many_o of_o his_o rare_a mathematical_a instrument_n scandia_n scandia_n scandia_n be_v the_o last_o part_n of_o this_o kingdom_n lie_v part_n of_o it_o on_o this_o side_n and_o part_n beyond_o the_o arctic_a circle_n so_o that_o the_o long_a day_n in_o the_o more_o northern_a part_n be_v about_o three_o month_n the_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n swetland_n and_o part_n of_o denmark_n the_o part_n of_o it_o belong_v to_o denmark_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o province_n 1_o halandia_n 2_o schona_n and_o blesida_n halandia_n halandia_n in_o halandia_n be_v halaneso_n scania_n scania_n in_o scania_n be_v the_o city_n of_o londis_fw-la a_o fair_a haven_n falsgerbode_v and_o the_o castle_n of_o elsimbourg_n one_o of_o the_o key_n of_o the_o sound_v before_o mention_v and_o the_o sea_n be_v here_o say_v sometime_o so_o to_o abound_v with_o herring_n that_o ship_n be_v scarce_o
stone_n of_o 10_o l._n be_v the_o small_a stone_n and_o a_o stone_n of_o 21_o l._n account_v the_o great_a stone_n and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o 10_o l._n of_o london_n averdupois_n bath_n yield_v here_o incirca_fw-la 92_o l._n stetin_n measure_n of_o stetin_n the_o common_a measure_n in_o the_o use_n for_o length_n be_v call_v the_o ell_n as_o the_o usual_a denomination_n thereof_o in_o all_o the_o east_n part_n and_o the_o 100_o yard_n of_o london_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o produce_v here_o about_o 141_o ells._n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v serve_v to_o have_v say_v of_o these_o city_n which_o i_o have_v entitle_v under_o the_o name_n of_o pâ—land_n and_o eastland_n though_o in_o themselves_o acknowledge_v several_a distinct_a prince_n have_v take_v that_o liberty_n to_o myself_o in_o my_o first_o method_n rather_o narrow_o to_o observe_v the_o maritime_a shore_n and_o the_o principal_a city_n seat_v thereupon_o though_o acknowledge_v divers_a sovereign_n than_o precise_o to_o follow_v the_o limit_n and_o bound_n of_o prince_n dominion_n according_a to_o the_o largeness_n and_o extent_n of_o their_o command_n and_o power_n chap._n ccxxxi_o of_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o eastland_n to_o that_o of_o london_n now_o forasmuch_o as_o there_o may_v be_v many_o other_o eminent_a city_n of_o trade_n which_o in_o particular_a i_o have_v willing_o omit_v to_o handle_v therefore_o according_a to_o my_o observe_a order_n i_o will_v contract_v they_o here_o and_o show_v how_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o london_n do_v agree_v and_o be_v find_v to_o accord_v together_o poland_n the_o agreement_n of_o 100_o l._n london_n to_o divers_a of_o poland_n and_o first_o i_o find_v it_o observe_v that_o the_o 100_o l._n of_o averdupois_n in_o london_n do_v make_v in_o these_o town_n follow_v viz._n in_o  _fw-fr l._n straelsont_a as_o i_o say_v 88_o stetin_n 92_o revel_v 116_o dantzick_n 116_o conixburgh_n 120_o rhiga_n 116_o thoren_n and_o narva_n 116_o cracovia_n 120_o elbin_n 120_o wild_a 116_o poland_n agreement_n of_o the_o 100_o yard_n london_n to_o divers_a of_o poland_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v serve_v for_o the_o weight_n in_o general_a of_o eastland_n and_o for_o the_o measure_n take_v here_o the_o same_o observation_n make_v upon_o 100_o yard_n of_o london_n which_o produce_v in_o  _fw-fr ells._n embden_n 163_o hamburgh_n 162½_n bremen_n 163_o lubeck_n 160_o munster_n 86½_n ossenbridge_n 84_o wismar_n 156½_n conixburg_n 166½_n riga_n and_o kevel_a 166½_n rostick_n 158_o gripswald_n 163_o donim_n 163_o stettin_n 141_o dantzick_n 163_o ocermond_n 141_o melluine_n 161_o narva_n 166_o arsâ—…_n chap._n ccxxxii_o of_o corn-measure_n of_o eastland_n reduce_v to_o that_o of_o other_o country_n eastland_n corn-measure_n in_o eastland_n this_o country_n be_v above_o all_o other_o commodity_n abound_v in_o corn_n which_o hence_o be_v transport_v into_o all_o part_n of_o europe_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o see_v what_o observation_n have_v be_v make_v upon_o the_o measure_n thereof_o here_o in_o use_n and_o concurrent_a with_o other_o place_n schepel_v 60_o in_o dantzick_n make_v a_o last_o and_o 4_o make_v a_o mud_n which_o be_v the_o skip-pond_n of_o 340_o l._n as_o you_o find_v it_o there_o note_a werpes_n 61_o make_v a_o last_o in_o emden_n or_o 15½_n barrel_n of_o 4_o werpes_n schepel_v 90_o make_v a_o last_o in_o hamburg_n schepel_v 96_o make_v a_o last_o in_o lubeck_n schepel_v 96_o make_v at_o fameren_fw-mi a_o last_o schepel_v 96_o make_v a_o last_o in_o hileger-haven_n in_o denmark_n barrel_n 42_o make_v a_o last_o in_o copenhagen_n barrel_n 36_o make_v a_o last_o in_o ebeltorffe_n donie_n quarter_n 10½_n make_v a_o last_o in_o london_n but_o in_o lade_n of_o ship_n quarter_n five_o be_v account_v for_o one_o tun_n lade_v country_n with_o the_o agreement_n thereof_o with_o other_o country_n now_o let_v we_o see_v how_o these_o respond_v together_o and_o how_o these_o agree_v with_o the_o last_o of_o corn_n in_o amsterdam_n upon_o which_o i_o find_v these_o note_n and_o that_o the_o same_o make_v in_o danzick_n 56_o schepel_v embden_n 55_o werps_n hamburgh_n 85_o schepel_v lubeck_n 85_o schepel_v fameren_n 78_o schepel_v hylegher_n 80_o schepel_v copenhagen_n 23_o small_a barrel_n eboltorff_n 23_o barrel_n sweden_n 23_o barrel_n conixburgh_n 6_o 7_o of_o a_o last_o for_o the_o 6_o last_n be_v 7_o at_o amsterdam_n melvin_n 17_o 21_o of_o a_o last_o stetin_n 6_o 7_o of_o a_o last_o rhiga_fw-la 42_o loop_n rostick_n and_o mechburgh_n measure_n of_o lubeck_n antwerp_n 37½_n vertales_fw-la brussels_n 10½_n muden_n and_o differ_v in_o all_o place_n of_o brabant_n middleburgh_n 40_o sack_n 41½_n to_o the_o last_o in_o zealand_n rotterdam_n delft_n 87_o achtellin_n gronninghen_n 33_o mudde_n london_n 10¼_n quarter_n and_o 5_o quarter_n to_o a_o tun._n chap._n ccxxxiii_o of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o poland_n and_o eastland_n eastland_n of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o poland_n and_o eastland_n have_v thus_o survey_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o country_n in_o some_o particular_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amise_n to_o look_v upon_o it_o in_o the_o general_a the_o revenue_n both_o of_o the_o king_n and_o gentleman_n be_v here_o esteem_v but_o moderate_a and_o scarce_o sufficient_a to_o maintain_v a_o plentiful_a table_n and_o to_o exchange_v with_o merchant_n for_o wine_n and_o spice_n which_o they_o yet_o much_o covet_v as_o also_o they_o do_v foreign_a stuff_n of_o silk_n and_o cloth_n i_o have_v note_v that_o this_o kingdom_n abound_v with_o beast_n as_o well_o wild_a as_o tame_v and_o yield_v excellent_a horse_n not_o great_a but_o quick_a nimble_a and_o stir_a it_o abound_v also_o in_o flesh_n fowl_n and_o water-fish_n and_o in_o all_o kind_n of_o pulse_n and_o grain_n it_o be_v find_v also_o towards_o the_o carpathian_n mountain_n of_o hungary_n to_o have_v some_o mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n of_o iron_n and_o brimstone_n it_o yield_v also_o in_o abundance_n plenty_n of_o honey_n find_v in_o hollow_a tree_n beside_o the_o husband-man_n hive_n it_o yield_v moreover_o wax_n flax_n and_o linen_n clothes_n make_v thereof_o hemp_n pitch_n of_o both_o kind_n mast_n for_o ship_n board_n and_n timber_n rich_a fur_n salt_n dig_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n amber_n soap-ash_n and_o rice_n in_o abundance_n which_o have_v make_v dantzick_n famous_a throughout_o europe_n no_o marvel_n then_o if_o merchant_n bring_v unto_o they_o silk_n from_o italy_n cloth_n from_o england_n wine_n from_o france_n and_o spain_n and_o the_o very_a spice_n and_o drug_n from_o india_n since_o they_o not_o only_o sell_v then_o at_o good_a price_n but_o also_o bring_v thence_o such_o precious_a and_o staple_n commodity_n poland_n itself_o be_v find_v within_o land_n and_o prussia_n with_o their_o immunity_n subject_a to_o this_o kingdom_n be_v sound_a to_o have_v the_o principal_a trader_n therein_o inhabit_v yet_o have_v they_o but_o few_o ship_n use_v stranger_n to_o export_v their_o commodity_n for_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o polander_n they_o be_v observe_v to_o live_v content_a with_o their_o own_o and_o not_o by_o way_n of_o merchandize_v to_o stir_v much_o abroad_o yet_o be_v they_o not_o rich_a because_o they_o want_v the_o abovesaid_a commodity_n which_o the_o proud_a gentleman_n and_o nobility_n of_o these_o country_n buy_v dear_a and_o will_v have_v though_o bring_v from_o far_o unto_o they_o and_o they_o be_v note_v to_o have_v so_o little_a gold_n and_o silver_n as_o despise_v all_o in_o respect_n of_o it_o they_o sell_v the_o rich_a commodity_n of_o their_o country_n at_o a_o low_a rate_n especial_o those_o which_o be_v for_o daily_a food_n and_o thereby_o make_v unfit_a to_o be_v export_v the_o people_n themselves_o be_v not_o much_o addict_v to_o traffic_n into_o remote_a region_n nor_o to_o travel_v far_o out_o of_o their_o own_o country_n yet_o in_o imitation_n of_o other_o their_o neighbour_n they_o sometime_o trade_n with_o their_o rich_a fur_n into_o other_o country_n of_o who_o i_o have_v observe_v some_o to_o come_v to_o constantinople_n rather_o make_v a_o range_a voyage_n than_o come_v with_o intent_n to_o trade_n and_o reside_v wherein_o they_o can_v be_v much_o blame_v in_o regard_n that_o they_o have_v in_o plenty_n all_o thing_n that_o natural_o be_v want_v to_o mankind_n if_o they_o can_v be_v content_v therewith_o but_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o pomerland_n east_n country_n etc._n etc._n be_v observe_v to_o be_v more_o ingenious_a and_o far_o more_o addict_v to_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n and_o have_v some_o vessel_n sitter_n for_o transport_v and_o carriage_n than_o for_o warfare_n but_o yet_o most_o proper_a for_o their_o gross_a commodity_n and_o large_a stowage_n however_o their_o winter-colds_a deprive_v they_o of_o almost_o half_a the_o year_n traffic_n the_o other_o half_o wherein_o their_o sea_n be_v navigable_a can_v make_v they_o any_o
competent_a amends_o and_o their_o merchandise_n be_v altogether_o gross_a can_v give_v they_o therefore_o the_o attribute_n of_o eminent_a merchant_n chap._n ccxxxiv_o of_o hungary_n and_o the_o principal_a city_n thereof_o thereof_o hungary_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o hungary_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o transilvania_n and_o valachia_n on_o the_o west_n with_o austria_n on_o the_o north_n with_o poland_n on_o the_o south_n with_o sclavonia_n etc._n etc._n this_o kingdom_n now_o stand_v divide_v between_o the_o grand_a signior_n and_o the_o hungarian_n buda_n buda_n the_o great_a turk_n enjoy_v buda_n seat_v on_o danubius_n once_o the_o metropolis_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o court_n of_o the_o king_n also_o guilia_n pest_n alba_n regalis_fw-la call_v by_o they_o wesenberg_n next_o quinque_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la rab_n and_o other_o of_o lesser_a note_n in_o the_o hungarian_n possession_n be_v these_o principal_a city_n presberg_n presberg_n presberg_n the_o present_a metropolis_n of_o this_o country_n 2._o strigonium_n 3._o agraria_fw-it 4._o comara_n in_o a_o island_n of_o that_o name_n 5._o tertax_n 6._o cimista_n 7._o segith_o before_o which_o solyman_n the_o great_a turk_n end_v his_o day_n and_o some_o other_o of_o lesser_a consequence_n hungary_n commodity_n of_o hungary_n this_o country_n do_v much_o abound_v in_o cattle_n sufficient_a to_o feed_v all_o germany_n the_o store_n be_v so_o great_a that_o they_o yearly_o sell_v to_o their_o neighbour_n 80_o or_o 100_o thousand_o ox_n they_o have_v also_o some_o copper_n and_o tin_n some_o quantity_n of_o corn_n honey_n wax_n and_o such_o like_a commodity_n and_o from_o hence_o to_o constantinople_n i_o have_v see_v hide_v butter_n and_o cheese_n that_o in_o great_a abundance_n have_v come_v out_o of_o these_o part_n through_o the_o black-sea_n further_a matter_n of_o trade_n have_v not_o remarkable_o fall_v into_o my_o hand_n therefore_o for_o the_o current_a coin_n of_o this_o country_n with_o their_o weight_n and_o measure_n in_o use_n i_o must_v refer_v to_o the_o better_o experience_v and_o hence_o travel_v to_o dacia_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o those_o province_n comprehend_v within_o that_o circuit_n chap._n ccxxxv_o of_o dacia_n and_o the_o province_n and_o city_n thereof_o thereof_o dacia_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o dacia_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o euxine_a on_o the_o west_n with_o hungary_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o carpathian_n mountain_n on_o the_o south_n with_o hemus_n divide_v it_o from_o greece_n the_o river_n that_o enrich_v this_o country_n be_v danubius_n 2_o alata_n 3._o salvata_fw-la 4._o cockle_n 5._o morâ—…_n and_o some_o other_o dacia_n commodity_n of_o dacia_n the_o commodity_n that_o this_o country_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n be_v butter_n cheese_n honey_n wax_n hides_n ox_n tallow_n and_o warlike_a horse_n of_o great_a worth_n the_o province_n be_v these_o and_o be_v all_o under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n 1_o transilvania_n 1_o transilvania_n the_o chief_a town_n thereof_o be_v 1_o wisenberg_n 2._o clasenberg_n 3._o bristitia_fw-la 4._o fogarâ—…_n and_o other_o and_o now_o in_o possession_n of_o bethlem_n gabar_n the_o vaivode_n thereof_o 2._o moldavia_n 2._o moldavia_n be_v the_o next_o the_o chief_a city_n be_v saccania_n the_o second_o be_v false_v 3._o kilim_n 4._o chermon_n etc._n etc._n under_o a_o vavoide_v who_o be_v tributary_n to_o the_o great_a turk_n 3._o valachia_n 3._o valachia_n be_v the_o three_o province_n the_o principal_a town_n whereof_o be_v 1._o salnium_fw-la 2._o pracklab_n 3._o tergovista_n the_o vavoide_n seat_n who_o be_v tributary_n to_o the_o turk_n this_o country_n abound_v in_o mine_n of_o gold_n silver_n salt-pit_n wine_n cattle_n and_o brimstone_n and_o esteem_v the_o rich_a of_o these_o province_n 4._o servia_n 4._o servia_n be_v the_o four_o and_o have_v these_o city_n 1._o stoneburg_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o despot_n tributary_n to_o the_o turk_n 2._o samandria_n 3._o belgrade_n a_o famous_a town_n which_o cost_v the_o great_a turk_n much_o blood_n and_o money_n the_o get_n and_o be_v account_v before_o the_o bulwark_n of_o christendom_n on_o this_o side_n 5._o rasia_n 5._o rasia_n be_v the_o five_o the_o chief_a city_n be_v bodin_n a_o famous_a mart._n bulgaria_n bulgaria_n bulgaria_n be_v the_o next_o wherein_o be_v find_v sophia_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o beglerbeg_n of_o greece_n who_o have_v under_o he_o 21_o sansack_v next_o be_v nicopolis_n and_o some_o other_o of_o lesser_a note_n bosna_n bosna_n bosna_n be_v the_o last_o province_n wherein_o be_v casachium_fw-la and_o jasiga_n the_o residence_n of_o their_o former_a despot_n all_o which_o afford_v not_o further_o matter_n of_o trade_n for_o where_o the_o great_a turk_n once_o command_v traffic_n be_v account_v very_o rare_a and_o be_v seldom_o find_v of_o import_n and_o be_v ignorant_a in_o that_o little_a there_o be_v i_o be_o constrain_v to_o omit_v it_o chap._n ccxxxvi_o of_o sclavonia_n and_o the_o province_n and_o city_n thereof_o sclavionia_n sclavionia_n sclavonia_n have_v on_o the_o east_n the_o river_n of_o drinus_fw-la and_o a_o line_n draw_v from_o thence_o to_o the_o sea_n on_o the_o west_n part_n of_o italy_n on_o the_o north_n hungary_n and_o on_o the_o south_n the_o adriatic_a sea_n commodity_n commodity_n the_o commodity_n that_o this_o country_n do_v afford_v for_o merchandise_n be_v horse_n for_o service_n cattle_n oxon_n hides_n tallow_n butter_n and_o cheese_n and_o have_v some_o mine_n of_o silver_n and_o gold_n now_o in_o the_o great_a turk_n possession_n the_o province_n and_o city_n of_o note_n in_o sclavonia_n be_v these_o illyria_n illyria_n illyria_n now_o by_o the_o turk_n call_v windismark_n have_v in_o it_o zatha_fw-mi seat_v upon_o danâ—…_n 2_o zackaoes_n 3._o windisgreet_n and_o other_o dalmatia_n dalmatia_n dalmatia_n be_v the_o second_o province_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v ragusa_n situate_v on_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n former_o a_o town_n of_o great_a traffic_n and_o riches_n and_o now_o tributary_n to_o the_o turk_n next_o be_v sciâ—…_n 3._o zara_n both_o seat_v on_o the_o seashore_n and_o subject_a to_o the_o venetian_n 4._o spalatta_n a_o sea-town_n from_o whence_o to_o venice_n that_o state_n keep_v many_o galley_n for_o transportation_n of_o merchant_n good_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o a_o unreasonable_a freight_v by_o they_o take_v they_o stand_v to_o the_o hazard_n and_o adventure_n thereof_o which_o they_o do_v to_o their_o cost_n in_o anno_fw-la 1619._o myself_o be_v in_o nail_n when_o as_o the_o duke_n d'_fw-fr ossuna_n then_o vice-king_n take_v two_o of_o these_o their_o galley_n gross_v lade_v with_o a_o rich_a booty_n as_o be_v report_v to_o the_o import_n of_o 300000_o crown_n which_o the_o state_n of_o venice_n be_v enforce_v to_o make_v good_a principal_o to_o merchant_n turk_n of_o constantinople_n to_o who_o the_o great_a part_n thereof_o do_v at_o that_o time_n appertain_v and_o who_o be_v find_v at_o this_o day_n to_o be_v the_o great_a trader_n this_o way_n the_o next_o town_n be_v scodra_n famous_a for_o the_o resistance_n it_o make_v against_o the_o turk_n and_o last_o lissa_n famous_a here_o for_o the_o sepulchre_n of_o scanderbag_n who_o bone_n be_v dig_v up_o and_o wear_v by_o the_o turk_n at_o the_o take_n of_o this_o city_n as_o conceive_v they_o to_o be_v of_o excellent_a virtue_n to_o make_v they_o partake_v of_o his_o good_a fortune_n this_o province_n be_v now_o divide_v between_o the_o venetian_n and_o the_o turk_n croatia_n croatia_n croatia_n be_v the_o next_o the_o chief_a town_n be_v cardisca_n seat_v on_o the_o river_n savus_n 2._o brumon_n 3._o nivograde_a 4._o sisgith_o and_o last_o petrovia_n this_o country_n be_v now_o subject_a in_o part_n to_o the_o venetian_n and_o in_o part_n to_o the_o austrian_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o most_o principal_a of_o this_o in_o brief_a and_o first_o of_o ragusa_n and_o spallatta_n chap._n ccxxxvii_o of_o rhagusa_n and_o spallatta_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o trade_n of_o sclavonia_n be_v at_o this_o day_n but_o of_o small_a account_n and_o little_a to_o our_o mation_n the_o two_o city_n of_o spalatta_n and_o rhagusa_n seat_v therein_o merit_v the_o principal_a consideration_n thereof_o rhagusa_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o rhagusa_n then_o former_o call_v epidaurus_n be_v situate_v on_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n a_o commonwealth_n of_o great_a traffic_n and_o riches_n be_v in_o time_n pass_v of_o far_o great_a fame_n and_o name_n both_o in_o trade_n and_o navigation_n than_o now_o it_o be_v for_o from_o hence_o be_v the_o original_a of_o those_o great_a ship_n here_o build_v and_o in_o old_a time_n famous_a as_o then_o vulgar_o call_v argosy_n proper_o rhaguse_n proper_o rhaguse_n rhaguse_n the_o last_o which_o they_o be_v note_v to_o have_v they_o lend_v philip_n the_o second_o king_n of_o spain_n in_o 1588._o to_o invade_v england_n and_o have_v her_o burial_n in_o our_o british_a sea_n and_o may_v
but_o few_o city_n fortify_v either_o by_o wall_n or_o bulwark_n save_o some_o principal_a place_n frontier_n or_o such_o like_a it_o have_v many_o goodly_a modern_a building_n cane_n cane_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n many_o cane_n for_o merchant_n stranger_n to_o abide_v besesterne_n cane_n besesterne_n and_o besesterne_n for_o they_o to_o make_v sale_n of_o their_o commodity_n in_o it_o have_v also_o many_o goodly_a mosque_n or_o turkish_a church_n and_o that_o ancient_o of_o santa_n sophia_n convert_v to_o their_o irreligious_a devotion_n be_v not_o the_o least_o though_o only_o the_o now_o stand_v chancel_n of_o the_o first_o building_n near_o which_o be_v the_o grand_a seignior_n place_n in_o the_o very_a point_n of_o the_o angle_n encompass_v for_o three-miles_n in_o circuit_n with_o a_o high_a wall_n and_o fortify_v with_o many_o hundred_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n this_o city_n be_v the_o common_a mart_n of_o all_o commodity_n of_o this_o empire_n receive_v and_o distribute_v what_o either_o come_v or_o go_v the_o merchant_n of_o london_n about_o 1586_o here_o begin_v to_o have_v some_o trade_n and_o break_v the_o ice_n by_o their_o land-travel_a hither_o through_o hungary_n afterward_o it_o be_v settle_v by_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o first_o english_a ship_n that_o come_v hither_o be_v about_o 1585._o with_o a_o ambassador_n to_o reside_v who_o obtain_v here_o such_o favour_n by_o the_o recommendation_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n that_o her_o subject_n in_o their_o treaty_n and_o capitulation_n have_v many_o immunity_n and_o privilege_n grant_v they_o and_o among_o the_o rest_n a_o toleration_n of_o their_o religion_n freedom_n to_o their_o person_n and_o estate_n and_o that_o their_o custom_n shall_v only_o be_v three_o in_o the_o hundred_o out_o and_o three_o in_o whereas_o all_o other_o christian_n there_o resident_n pay_v 5_o per_fw-la cent_n since_o which_o time_n the_o english_a have_v here_o drive_v a_o great_a trade_n under_o protection_n of_o divers_a ambassador_n that_o have_v here_o reside_v which_o have_v have_v their_o election_n salary_n and_o maintenance_n from_o a_o society_n of_o merchant_n incorporate_v in_o england_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n first_o by_o the_o say_a queen_n elizabeth_n and_o confirm_v afterward_o with_o new_a privilege_n by_o our_o decease_a sovereign_a king_n james_n and_o last_o by_o our_o present_a king_n charles_n under_o the_o title_n of_o merchant_n of_o england_n trade_v to_o the_o levant_n sea_n wherein_o be_v at_o first_o comprehend_v the_o eastern-indy_n the_o dominion_n of_o the_o great_a turk_n and_o also_o the_o seignory_n of_o venice_n this_o company_n derive_v their_o original_a from_o the_o company_n of_o barbary_n merchant_n which_o about_o this_o time_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o civil-war_n of_o morocco_n and_o fez_n begin_v to_o decay_v and_o within_o a_o short_a time_n come_v to_o nothing_o and_o who_o afterward_o search_v more_o advise_o into_o the_o trade_n of_o these_o eastern-country_n this_o company_n settle_v a_o consul_n in_o aleppo_n and_o a_o vice-consul_n in_o tripoli_n the_o then_o principal_a seat_n of_o syria_n with_o the_o title_n of_o syria_n and_o cyprus_n also_o they_o place_v another_o consul_n in_o chios_n entitle_v of_o scio_fw-la smyrna_n and_o the_o arch_n as_o another_o consul_n since_o in_o argier_n and_o another_o in_o tunis_n and_o the_o last_o in_o petras_n in_o morea_n strengthen_v with_o command_n from_o the_o port_n and_o durane_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n not_o only_o for_o their_o peaceable_a live_n but_o also_o for_o the_o quiet_a enjoy_n of_o these_o privilege_n grant_v unto_o they_o as_o above_o be_v say_v constantinople_n commodity_n find_v in_o constantinople_n the_o commodity_n that_o this_o place_n at_o first_o afford_v to_o our_o nation_n and_o which_o hence_o in_o those_o day_n be_v bring_v into_o england_n be_v grogram_n camlet_n mohair_n persia_n silk_n gold_n in_o great_a quantity_n carpet_n anniseed_n cotton_n gall_n some_o pepper_n indigo_n and_o other_o spice_n which_o now_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o our_o east-india_n trade_n we_o send_v thither_o in_o far_o great_a abundance_n than_o ever_o we_o have_v they_o thence_o and_o those_o be_v yet_o the_o common_a staple_n commodity_n of_o this_o country_n constantinople_n commodity_n send_v from_o england_n to_o constantinople_n the_o commodity_n which_o at_o first_o this_o company_n do_v send_v to_o constantinople_n be_v lead_n tin_n and_o principal_o a_o sort_n of_o blue_a kersey_n call_v hampshire_n and_o stoplist_a and_o some_o few_o clothes_n of_o suffolk_n fur_n of_o martin_n coney_n fitche_n sable_n and_o such_o and_o now_o those_o kersey_n be_v altogether_o out_o of_o use_n and_o convert_v into_o clothes_n of_o suffolk_n gloucester_n coventry_n and_o the_o like_a which_o they_o send_v in_o colour_n die_v and_o dress_v to_o the_o number_n of_o eight_o or_o ten_o thousand_o clothes_n yearly_a and_o now_o we_o also_o supply_v their_o market_n with_o indigo_n pepper_n cloves_n moces_n nutmeg_n ginger_n calico_n and_o other_o east-india_n commodity_n constantinople_n account_n in_o constantinople_n the_o merchant_n here_o reside_v keep_v their_o account_n as_o almost_o be_v accustom_v over_o all_o turkey_n in_o dollar_n and_o asper_n whereof_o 80_o asper_n be_v account_v a_o dollar_n and_o though_o in_o merchandise_n it_o do_v pass_v at_o 90_o 100_o or_o 110_o or_o 115_o asper_n as_o i_o have_v know_v it_o yet_o the_o standard_n of_o the_o dollar_n in_o account_n alter_v not_o of_o 80_o asper_n to_o a_o dollar_n nor_o of_o the_o 120_o asper_n to_o a_o sultany_n turkey_n coin_n current_a in_o turkey_n the_o coin_n current_a in_o constantinople_n be_v those_o proper_a to_o the_o whole_a empire_n which_o be_v principal_o the_o sultany_n in_o gold_n which_o agree_v with_o the_o hunger_n venice_n checquin_n and_o xeriff_n of_o barbary_n pass_v for_o 120_o asper_n and_o the_o dollar_n of_o germany_n the_o rial_n of_o ⅜_n spanish_n pass_v for_o 80_o asper_n so_o that_o the_o 1½_n rial_n of_o ⅜_n be_v a_o sultany_n of_o gold_n howbeit_o of_o late_a day_n silver_n be_v find_v more_o plentiful_a and_o gold_n more_o scarce_o so_o that_o the_o say_v sultany_n hunger_n or_o checquin_n be_v worth_a 1½_n dollar_n and_o 10_o 12_o or_o 13_o asper_n more_o or_o less_o as_o the_o same_o be_v demand_v and_o seek_v after_o also_o here_o be_v find_v other_o dollar_n both_o of_o italy_n and_o germany_n to_o pass_v for_o a_o considerable_a value_n as_o the_o lion_n dollar_n at_o 75_o asper_n and_o the_o german_a sesetine_n at_o 70_o asper_n etc._n etc._n and_o in_o fine_a most_o sort_n of_o current_a coin_n in_o the_o world_n if_o find_v good_a silver_n find_v here_o a_o real_a price_n in_o payment_n of_o merchandise_n constantinople_n weight_n in_o constantinople_n the_o weight_n use_v among_o merchant_n be_v these_o a_o grain_n be_v the_o least_o 4_o make_v a_o quillat_n a_o dram_n be_v 16_o grain_n of_o which_o all_o the_o weight_n of_o these_o country_n be_v compose_v a_o yusdrome_n be_v 100_o dram_fw-la and_o be_v 1_o l._n sotile_a venice_n or_o 72_o mitigale_n here_o a_o lodero_fw-la be_v 176_o dram_fw-la about_o 132_o l._n averdupois_n 19½_n ounce_n a_o oak_n be_v 400_o dram_fw-la which_o be_v near_o 2_o l._n 12_o ounce_n or_o 10_o ounce_n loderos_n 100_o be_v account_v to_o be_v 42_o oak_n and_o call_v a_o quintar_n which_o quintar_n be_v account_v to_o be_v 118_o in_o 120_o l._n subtle_a english_a a_o batman_n be_v 6_o oak_n which_o be_v 2400_o dram_fw-la or_o 16⅓_n l._n english_a by_o which_o weight_n silk_n be_v here_o buy_v make_v 10_o great_a l._n ⅔_n ounce_n per_fw-la batman_n batman_n 7_o and_o oak_n 2_o make_v a_o quintal_n which_o be_v 120_o l._n english_a loders_n 13_o and_o dram_fw-la 112_o make_n a_o batman_n all_o silk_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o batman_n and_o yet_o weigh_v by_o the_o lodero_fw-la so_o also_o be_v grogram_n yarn_n and_o other_o commonity_n sell_v by_o the_o oak_n yet_o weigh_v by_o the_o lodero_fw-la oak_n to_o bring_v loderos_n into_o oak_n to_o bring_v therefore_o loderos_n into_o oak_n do_v thus_o posite_fw-la you_o have_v 14_o loders_n and_o will_v know_v how_o many_o oak_n it_o produce_v first_o multiply_v your_o 14_o loderos_n by_o 44_o which_o produce_v 616_o then_o cut_v off_o the_o two_o last_o figure_n for_o the_o c._n will_v remain_v 6_o which_o be_v oak_n then_o multiply_v the_o 16_o you_o cut_v off_o by_o 4_o and_o it_o make_v 64_o which_o be_v dram_fw-la and_o so_o your_o 14_o loders_n be_v 6_o oak_n 64_o dram_fw-la and_o so_o do_v of_o any_o other_o sum_n give_v dram_fw-la 720_o be_v account_v rotolos_n of_o silk_n and_o other_o commodity_n in_o aleppo_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n in_o sale_n of_o that_o commodity_n which_o be_v to_o be_v note_v 700_o 680_o and_o this_o dram_n be_v 16_o killat_n a_o mitigal_n be_v 1½_n dram_fw-la which_o be_v 24_o killat_n
a_o desire_n to_o employ_v their_o talent_n in_o foreign_a country_n which_o yet_o be_v not_o see_v to_o be_v perfect_v among_o they_o nature_n have_v to_o this_o end_n fit_v they_o with_o many_o goodly_a port_n and_o navigable_a river_n and_o will_v in_o time_n i_o hope_v fit_v they_o with_o a_o inclination_n to_o second_v by_o their_o endeavour_n what_o be_v so_o plentiful_o bestow_v by_o she_o upon_o they_o which_o by_o little_a and_o little_o may_v be_v bring_v to_o pass_v by_o the_o conversation_n and_o direction_n of_o the_o civiliz_n d_o english_a that_o daily_o be_v see_v to_o come_v and_o reside_v among_o they_o and_o thus_o leave_v ireland_n and_o my_o good_a wish_n to_o the_o increase_n of_o her_o traffic_n i_o hence_o pass_v over_o to_o scotland_n a_o part_n of_o britain_n and_o view_v the_o present_a trade_n thereof_o chap._n cclxu._n of_o scotland_n and_o the_o province_n and_o city_n thereof_o thereof_o scotland_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o scotland_n be_v the_o northern_a part_n of_o britain_n and_o separate_v from_o england_n by_o the_o river_n tweed_n and_o salway_n and_o the_o cheviot_n hill_n extend_v from_o thence_o to_o the_o other_o which_o be_v a_o kingdom_n and_o vary_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o trade_n from_o england_n i_o have_v think_v good_a here_o to_o insert_v by_o itself_o scotland_n commodity_n of_o scotland_n the_o comedy_n that_o this_o country_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n be_v coarse_a clothes_n freeze_v fish_v salt_v hides_n tallow_n lead_v over_o some_o grain_n feather_n and_o other_o commodity_n as_o sea-coal_n allom_n iron_n etc._n etc._n this_o country_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n the_o high-land_n and_o the_o low-land_n and_o the_o same_o into_o several_a sheriffdom_n or_o province_n in_o which_o be_v find_v these_o town_n of_o consequence_n chap._n cclxvi_o of_o edenburg_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o edenburg_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o first_o edenburg_n wherein_o be_v seat_v the_o king_n palace_n and_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n consist_v principal_o of_o one_o street_n of_o a_o mile_n in_o length_n whereto_o do_v lead_v many_o other_o petty_a lane_n make_v the_o whole_a near_o three_o mile_n in_o circuit_n the_o second_o town_n be_v glascow_n a_o archbishop_n see_v and_o a_o university_n the_o three_o be_v saint_n andrews_n in_o fife_n honour_v with_o many_o prerogative_n fourthly_a sterling_a then_o be_v perth_n aberdeen_n dondes_n saint_n john_n town_n and_o some_o other_o of_o lesser_a note_n scotland_n money_n of_o scotland_n their_o current_a money_n in_o merchandise_n be_v the_o proper_a coin_n of_o that_o kingdom_n both_o in_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o be_v usual_o find_v to_o be_v in_o gold_n in_o piece_n of_o 22_o shill_n sterl_n piece_n of_o 11_o shill_n sterl_n piece_n of_o 5._o 6_o d._n sterl_n piece_n of_o 2._o 9_o d._n sterl_n piece_n of_o 4._o 4⅜_n d._n sterl_n piece_n of_o 1_o shill_n 1½_n d._n sterl_n piece_n of_o ½_n the_o ¾_n and_o ⅛_n thereof_o piece_n of_o 9_o 6_o d._n be_v ⅔_n of_o the_o 13_o d._n ½_n sterl_n one_o mark_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr piece_n of_o ½_n which_o be_v 4½_n d._n be_v ⅓_n of_o the_o abovesaid_a again_o 13½_n d._n sterl_n be_v a_o scotch_a mark._n or_o 13_o shill_n 4._o d._n scotch_a 6⅔_n be_v a_o scotch_a noble_a 6_o shill_n 8_o d._n 20_o d._n sterl_n be_v 1½_n mark_n scotch_a or_o 1_o pound_n scotch_a of_o 20_o shill_n 20_o shill_n sterl_n be_v 18_o scotch_a mark_n beside_o which_o be_v here_o find_v current_a the_o coin_n of_o england_n and_o he_o that_o will_v see_v further_o into_o the_o intrinsic_n value_n and_o weight_n of_o these_o coin_n either_o of_o silver_n and_o gold_n must_v have_v recourse_n to_o a_o proclamation_n set_v out_o by_o our_o sovereign_a king_n james_n decease_v date_v in_o 1609_o which_o will_v also_o show_v their_o conformity_n to_o the_o coin_n of_o england_n in_o weight_n and_o goodness_n and_o the_o current_a value_n and_o estimation_n thereof_o through_o this_o kingdom_n scotland_n exchange_n in_o scotland_n here_o be_v practise_v for_o england_n a_o exchange_n for_o money_n as_o be_v do_v upon_o the_o scotch_a mark_n for_o 12_o penny_n sterling_a in_o london_n etc._n etc._n scotland_n account_n in_o scotland_n their_o account_n be_v now_o keep_v several_a way_n some_o follow_v the_o custom_n of_o england_n by_o sterling_a pound_n shilling_n and_o penny_n and_o some_o by_o their_o own_o ancient_a manner_n also_o in_o pound_n shilling_n and_o penny_n scottish_a 20_o penny_n sterling_a be_v their_o pound_n 13½_n be_v their_o mark_n and_o penny_n scottish_a of_o which_o they_o have_v some_o black_a or_o copper_n monies_n as_o babaes_n esteem_v by_o they_o for_o six_o penny_n whereof_o two_o make_v a_o penny_n sterling_a placks_n which_o they_o esteem_v for_o four_o penny_n and_o three_o of_o they_o make_v a_o penny_n sterling_a and_o last_o piece_n call_v hard-head_n esteem_v by_o they_o at_o 1½_n penny_n but_o eight_o of_o they_o make_v a_o penny_n sterling_a money_n and_o some_o of_o these_o be_v yet_o current_a among_o they_o scotland_n weight_n of_o scotland_n they_o have_v in_o general_n as_o be_v also_o the_o custom_n of_o england_n but_o one_o weight_n for_o weigh_v of_o their_o merchandise_n and_o for_o buy_v and_o sell_v throughout_o the_o kingdom_n which_o be_v the_o pound_n of_o 16_o ounce_n 100_o of_o which_o pound_n make_v their_o quintal_n which_o be_v find_v to_o make_v in_o london_n and_o all_o throughout_o england_n 108_o l._n averdupois_n and_o the_o 100_o l._n london_n sotile_n be_v find_v to_o render_v here_o 92_o l._n incirca_fw-la or_o the_o 112_o l._n to_o give_v 103½_n l._n or_o thereabouts_o 100_o measure_n of_o length_n 120_o for_o 100_o their_o common_a measure_n in_o length_n for_o linens_n cloth_n silk_n or_o stuff_n be_v a_o ell_n common_a in_o use_n throughout_o scotland_n which_o be_v about_o 4_o per_fw-la cent_n differ_v from_o our_o english_a yard_n as_o be_v great_a so_o that_o whereas_o we_o allow_v 36_o inch_n to_o the_o yard_n by_o rule_n their_o ell_n may_v make_v incirca_fw-la 34½_n inch_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o trader_n hither_o that_o 75_o yard_n in_o london_n or_o ell_n 60_o ell_n have_v make_v here_o 72_o scotch_a ell_n but_o in_o their_o hundred_o by_o tale_n in_o measure_n they_o account_v six_o score_n or_o 120_o for_o 100_o in_o other_o measure_n of_o corn_n coal_n salt_n or_o liquid_a measure_n of_o beer_n ale_n wine_n oil_n and_o such_o like_a imitate_v the_o better_a experience_a to_o supply_v my_o defect_n therein_o for_o i_o hasten_v now_o towards_o england_n and_o so_o to_o london_n the_o city_n of_o my_o abode_n and_o the_o end_n of_o my_o present_a labour_n and_o by_o the_o way_n will_v observe_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o country_n be_v much_o addict_v both_o to_o trade_n and_o navigation_n and_o have_v many_o good_a help_n and_o furtherance_n there_o both_o by_o the_o natural_a and_o artificial_a commodity_n of_o this_o country_n and_o the_o good_a port_n of_o the_o same_o so_o that_o in_o brief_a i_o may_v conclude_v this_o kingdom_n to_o be_v more_o addict_v to_o traffic_n and_o navigation_n than_o the_o irish_a and_o yet_o not_o so_o much_o as_o the_o english_a which_o yet_o by_o the_o gracious_a aspect_n of_o our_o sovereign_n be_v see_v daily_o to_o increase_v and_o may_v in_o time_n come_v to_o a_o great_a perfection_n chap._n cclxvii_o of_o britain_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o britain_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o have_v now_o set_v my_o foot_n upon_o the_o happy_a shore_n and_o run_v through_o the_o trade_n of_o most_o of_o the_o great_a know_a city_n of_o commerce_n and_o traffic_n in_o the_o world_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o survey_v the_o distinct_a port_n of_o this_o kingdom_n that_o i_o may_v not_o do_v less_o to_o our_o own_o than_o in_o this_o tract_n i_o have_v do_v to_o other_o foreign_a country_n britain_n then_o the_o queen_n of_o island_n be_v find_v to_o be_v in_o circuit_n 1836_o mile_n extend_v itself_o comprehend_v england_n wales_n and_o scotland_n as_o of_o one_o entire_a island_n which_o we_o now_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o great_a britain_n 800_o mile_n be_v divide_v into_o 3_o part_n as_o into_o england_n and_o wales_n who_o trade_n we_o have_v now_o in_o hand_n and_o scotland_n who_o traffic_n we_o have_v already_o declare_v chap._n cclxviii_o of_o wales_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o of_o wales_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o wales_n then_o be_v the_o second_o part_n of_o this_o division_n be_v bound_v on_o all_o side_n with_o the_o sea_n except_o the_o east_n where_o it_o be_v separate_v from_o england_n by_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi and_o a_o line_n draw_v to_o the_o river_n wie_z but_o by_o some_o by_o clauda_n offa_n or_o offa_n ditch_n or_o more_o proper_a by_o interpretation_n offa_n
hedge_n or_o rampire_n begin_n at_o the_o influx_n of_o wie_z into_o severn_n reach_v unto_o chester_n for_o 84_o mile_n where_o the_o river_n of_o dee_n enter_v into_o the_o sea_n the_o country_n be_v in_o many_o place_n mountainous_a and_o barren_a yet_o able_a of_o itself_o to_o subsist_v without_o assistance_n of_o any_o neighbourhood_n partly_o by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o plenty_n of_o some_o of_o the_o shire_n thereof_o the_o most_o fruitful_a afford_v supply_n to_o other_o that_o be_v find_v the_o most_o barren_a and_o deficient_a wales_n commodity_n of_o wales_n the_o commodity_n which_o this_o country_n do_v yield_v and_o vent_v abroad_o for_o merchandise_n be_v first_o cattle_n in_o abundance_n breed_v in_o general_a through_o the_o whole_a country_n wax_n honey_n herring_n white_a and_o red_a butter_n and_o cheese_n in_o great_a plenty_n wool_n also_o in_o some_o measure_n also_o this_o country_n be_v well_o store_v with_o mine_n of_o silver_n lead-ore_n coal_n and_o some_o tin_n millstone_n and_o good_a quarry_n of_o freestone_n for_o building_n hides_n calf_n skin_n frise_n bay_n some_o linen_n and_o great_a quantity_n of_o cotton_n know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o welsh_a cotton_n and_o plain_n which_o in_o oswestry_n seat_v in_o sheep_n hire_n be_v every_o monday_n as_o the_o common_a emporie_n of_o all_o wales_n vent_v in_o great_a abundance_n and_o thence_o disperse_v throughout_o england_n and_o so_o thence_o be_v ship_v and_o convey_v to_o supply_v the_o defect_n of_o normandy_n britain_n and_o picardy_n and_o of_o late_o have_v find_v a_o current_a vent_n in_o spain_n turkey_n and_o other_o country_n therefore_o i_o will_v encourage_v my_o countryman_n to_o go_v on_o in_o their_o mansfacture_n of_o wool_n see_v that_o nature_n have_v do_v her_o part_n to_o give_v they_o the_o material_n their_o industry_n must_v be_v add_v and_o that_o will_v soon_o bring_v forward_o the_o art_n and_o all_o these_o conjoin_v will_v bring_v a_o benefit_n for_o a_o reward_n of_o all_o and_o to_o all_o of_o they_o wales_n four_o circuit_n in_o wales_n wales_n be_v find_v at_o this_o day_n to_o contain_v 4_o circuit_n for_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n 1_o flint_n denhigh_n montgomery_n shire_n be_v the_o first_o radnor_n glamorgan_n and_o brecknockshires_n be_v the_o second_o cardigan_n carmarthen_n and_o pembroke_n shire_n be_v the_o three_o merion_v carnarvan_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o anglesey_n the_o four_o diocese_n four_o diocese_n also_o to_o contain_v 4_o diocese_n for_o ecclesiastical_a discipline_n shire_n twelve_o shire_n and_o these_o comprehend_v in_o twelve_o shire_n wherein_o be_v also_o find_v 1_o choose_v 13_o forest_n 36_o park_n 99_o bridge_n 230_o river_n 1016_o parish_n wherein_o be_v note_v to_o be_v 56_o market_n town_n be_v no_o city_n and_o in_o they_o 41_o castle_n and_o 4_o city_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o so_o many_o bishop_n as_o 〈◊〉_d saint_n david_n in_o pembrookshire_n 2._o bangor_n in_o carnarvonshire_n 3._o asaph_z in_o flintshire_n 4_o landaffe_n in_o glenorganshire_n last_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v account_v man_n of_o faithful_a carriage_n one_o to_o another_o most_o especial_o in_o a_o strange_a country_n and_o to_o stranger_n in_o their_o own_o and_o use_v a_o peculiar_a language_n that_o have_v remain_v without_o alteration_n or_o commixture_n with_o any_o other_o in_o the_o world_n from_o the_o original_n thereof_o to_o this_o day_n and_o last_o to_o their_o everlasting_a praise_n and_o commendation_n have_v for_o many_o year_n valiant_o withstand_v all_o their_o enemy_n by_o their_o own_o proper_a valour_n and_o be_v join_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n have_v be_v find_v to_o be_v true_a and_o loyal_a to_o the_o same_o and_o have_v so_o continue_v in_o all_o amity_n love_n and_o faithfulness_n chap._n cclxix_o of_o england_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o england_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o england_n be_v the_o principal_a part_n of_o britain_n and_o now_o the_o last_o in_o my_o labour_n bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o german_a on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o irish_a on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o british_a ocean_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o scotland_n as_o be_v aforementioned_a the_o ornament_n of_o this_o country_n have_v in_o time_n past_o be_v express_v unto_o we_o by_o this_o verse_n anglia_fw-it mons_fw-la pons_n fons_n ecclesia_fw-la foemina_fw-la lana_n england_n be_v store_v with_o mountain_n bridge_n wool_n with_o church_n rivers_n woman_n beautiful_a but_o these_o be_v not_o the_o commodity_n that_o merchant_n look_v after_o therefore_o i_o will_v show_v you_o in_o his_o proper_a place_n those_o commodity_n which_o england_n do_v natural_o afford_v for_o merchandise_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a season_n it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a that_o i_o run_v over_o the_o province_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o therein_o see_v what_o particular_n may_v be_v gather_v out_o of_o each_o conduce_v either_o to_o traffic_n or_o to_o the_o honour_n and_o commodity_n of_o the_o country_n and_o thereto_o add_v also_o the_o province_n of_o wales_n purposely_o omit_v for_o this_o place_n the_o province_n or_o more_o proper_o the_o shire_n of_o england_n and_o wales_n according_a to_o cambden_n who_o i_o glad_o follow_v in_o this_o description_n be_v these_o cornwall_n cornwall_n the_o first_o be_v cornwall_n in_o itself_o a_o barren_a and_o mountainous_a country_n but_o the_o bosom_n thereof_o enclose_v rich_a mine_n of_o tin_n which_o for_o the_o excellence_n thereof_o be_v famous_a throughout_o the_o world_n also_o therewith_o be_v dig_v gold_n and_o silver_n and_o a_o certain_a stone_n be_v find_v upon_o the_o earth_n of_o itself_o transparent_a and_o natural_o form_v into_o angle_n and_o point_n which_o if_o find_v in_o foreign_a country_n will_v be_v hold_v admirable_a here_o be_v also_o upon_o this_o coast_n take_v pilchard_n and_o herring_n in_o great_a abundance_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n do_v salt_n and_o dry_a in_o the_o smoke_n and_o so_o transport_v into_o france_n spain_n and_o italy_n to_o good_a advantage_n the_o sea-coast_n be_v beautify_v with_o many_o town_n and_o havens_n capable_a of_o many_o ship_n falmouth_n be_v the_o chief_a and_o here_o be_v find_v that_o famous_a mount_n michael_n by_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v cana_n which_o have_v for_o many_o age_n be_v note_v for_o its_o steepness_n and_o antiquity_n thereof_o st._n ives_n in_o cornwall_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o town_n of_o st._n ives_n be_v on_o the_o the_o seaside_n with_o a_o good_a road_n before_o it_o for_o any_o vessel_n whatsoever_o to_o ride_v in_o it_o within_o one_o league_n half_a league_n or_o quarter_n of_o a_o league_n of_o the_o town_n with_o a_o peer_n or_o dry_a key_n belong_v unto_o it_o which_o will_v admit_v the_o enter_v a_o vessel_n of_o 200_o tun_n bring_v their_o tide_n with_o they_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o road_n and_o how_o it_o lie_v and_o in_o what_o degree_n be_v in_o a_o paper_n hereunto_o annex_v there_o may_v be_v a_o mould_n make_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o vessel_n with_o small_a cost_n that_o ship_n of_o 50_o tun_n or_o 100_o tun_n may_v ride_v a_o float_n on_o a_o neap-tide_n within_o it_o in_o safety_n the_o town_n consist_v only_o of_o one_o parish_n belong_v to_o it_o about_o some_o three_o mile_n round_o of_o it_o with_o at_o least_o 500_o family_n or_o above_o 3000_o soul_n in_o it_o what_o the_o place_n natural_o afford_v be_v pilchard_n herring_n congerdoust_n ray-fish_n and_o other_o sort_n of_o summer-fish_n the_o material_n which_o they_o most_o use_n for_o it_o be_v salt_n supply_v from_o france_n the_o quantity_n it_o afford_v yearly_o more_o or_o less_o as_o please_v god_n may_v be_v 3_o 4_o or_o 5000_o hogshead_n of_o pilchard_n yearly_a 3_o 4_o or_o 500_o barrel_n of_o herring_n good_a quantity_n of_o congerdoust_n 4_o or_o 5_o bark_n load_v of_o about_o 20_o or_o 30_o tun_n each_o bark_n of_o ray-fish_n yearly_a some_o year_n more_o some_o less_o these_o commodity_n as_o pilchard_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o hogshead_n four_o of_o they_o make_v a_o tun_n but_o common_o by_o the_o 1000_o 1200_o small_a tale_n they_o sell_v the_o merchant_n in_o the_o cask_n to_o the_o 1000_o the_o barrel_n of_o herring_n about_o 30_o gallon_n sell_v common_o at_o 18_o s._n 20_o s._n 22_o s._n per_fw-la barrel_n a_o congerdoust_a by_o the_o kintale_n that_o be_v to_o sayâ—_n 112_o l._n to_o the_o kintale_n ray_n fish_n constant_o sell_v by_o the_o dozen_o fresh_a at_o 2_o s._n 4_o d._n 2_o s._n 6_o d._n or_o 3_o s._n per_fw-la dozen_o they_o have_v to_o their_o dozen_o 20_o 30_o 40_o 50_o sometime_o 60_o fish_n to_o the_o dozen_o according_a to_o their_o custom_n the_o merchant_n have_v that_o buy_v it_o per_fw-la dozen_o their_o weight_n be_v 12_o l._n according_a to_o the_o
off_o call_v watchet_a of_o the_o same_o bigness_n only_o the_o key_n be_v ruin_v and_o another_o port_n 7_o mile_n from_o the_o town_n call_v bridgwater_n in_o which_o town_n come_v a_o salt-water_n river_n in_o which_o may_v come_v in_o at_o a_o full_a tide_n vessel_n of_o 60_o tun_n and_o the_o river_n from_o the_o main_a of_o severn_n be_v above_o 10_o mile_n by_o which_o you_o may_v judge_v how_o many_o vessel_n may_v arrive_v to_o these_o port_n there_o be_v but_o few_o ship_n belong_v to_o these_o port_n their_o trade_n be_v to_o ireland_n to_o wales_n for_o coal_n and_o bristol_n and_o sometime_o to_o france_n and_o spain_n the_o port_n he_o against_o the_o sea_n that_o run_v to_o bristol_n call_v the_o severn_n what_o trade_n they_o drive_v be_v set_v forth_o in_o the_o former_a article_n as_o for_o fish_v there_o be_v very_o little_a not_o worth_a mention_v 5._o wiltshire_n 5._o wiltshire_n be_v the_o 5._o altogether_o a_o inland_n country_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v malmesbury_n famour_n for_o the_o clothes_n of_o wool_n make_v here_o salisbury_n for_o the_o bishopric_n and_o wilton_n of_o old_a the_o chief_a of_o this_o county_n now_o a_o little_a village_n 6._o hampshire_n 6._o hampshire_n be_v the_o 6._o wherein_o be_v find_v the_o little_a fair_a city_n of_o southampton_n winchester_n the_o pleasant_a and_o portsmouth_n the_o only_a now_o garrison_n town_n of_o england_n 7._o berkshire_n 7._o berkshire_n be_v the_o 7._o wherein_o be_v find_v the_o town_n of_o newberry_n famous_a for_o clothe_v and_o windsor_n for_o the_o king_n castle_n and_o where_o the_o ceremony_n of_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o garter_n be_v solemnize_v 8._o surrey_z 8._o surrey_n be_v the_o 8._o wherein_o be_v see_v oatland_n and_o richmond_n two_o beautiful_a and_o stately_a palace_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n 9_o sussex_n 9_o sussex_n be_v the_o 9_o chichester_n be_v the_o chief_a city_n and_o rhy_z the_o chief_a sea-town_n 10._o kent_z 10._o kent_n be_v the_o next_o rich_a in_o meadow_n pasture_n grove_n apple_n and_o cherry_n wherein_o be_v find_v seat_v the_o cinque-port_n deptford_n the_o king_n yard_n for_o building_n of_o his_o ship_n rochester_n the_o seat_n of_o a_o bishop_n eltham_n and_o greenwich_n two_o palace_n of_o the_o king_n dover_n a_o famous_a seaport_n and_o one_o of_o the_o key_n of_o this_o island_n and_o last_o canterbury_n the_o prime_a of_o this_o county_n and_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o archbishop_n and_o metropolitan_a of_o all_o england_n 11._o gloucester_z 11._o gloucestershire_n be_v the_o 11._o the_o principal_a town_n be_v tewksbury_n famous_a for_o cloth-making_a and_o gloucester_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o county_n here_o be_v also_o find_v the_o famous_a hill_n of_o cotsall_n upon_o which_o great_a flock_n of_o sheep_n be_v find_v to_o feed_v yield_v that_o excellent_a wool_n so_o much_o esteem_v among_o all_o nation_n 12._o oxford_n 12._o oxfordshire_n be_v the_o 12._o which_o be_v a_o fruitful_a county_n both_o in_o corn_n and_o pasture_n and_o wherein_o be_v find_v woodstock_n a_o house_n of_o the_o king_n be_v a_o enclose_a park_n with_o a_o stone_n wall_n imagine_v the_o the_o first_o of_o this_o land_n and_o oxford_n a_o university_n famous_a through_o the_o world_n and_o chief_a of_o this_o island_n 13._o buckingh_n 13._o buckinghamshire_n be_v the_o 13._o wherein_o be_v find_v the_o good_a town_n of_o ailsbury_n stony-stratford_n and_o buckingham_n the_o principal_a of_o the_o county_n 14._o bedford_z 14._o bedfordshire_n be_v the_o next_o and_o show_v the_o town_n of_o bedford_n for_o the_o first_o of_o the_o county_n 15._o hertford_n 15._o hertfordshire_n be_v the_o 15._o wherein_o be_v the_o stately_a house_n of_o theobalds_n a_o house_n of_o the_o king_n st._n alban_n a_o fair_a thoroughfare_a and_o hertford_n the_o principal_a of_o the_o county_n 16._o middlesex_n 16._o middlesex_n be_v the_o 16._o wherein_o be_v find_v the_o king_n palace_n hampton_n court_n and_o london_n the_o prime_a city_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o the_o chamber_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n so_o famous_a abroad_o in_o foreign_a country_n that_o it_o need_v no_o man_n commendation_n it_o be_v beautify_v with_o sundry_a college_n for_o the_o study_n of_o the_o municipal_a law_n with_o the_o church_n of_o westminster_n and_o london_n beside_o divers_a other_o with_o the_o hall_n of_o westminster_n where_o the_o parliament_n extraordinary_a and_o court_n of_o chancery_n kings-bench_n and_o other_o court_n be_v ordinary_o keep_v with_o the_o 2_o palace_n of_o whitehall_n and_o st._n james_n with_o a_o exchange_n or_o burse_n for_o merchant_n to_o meet_v in_o with_o a_o sumptuous_a and_o wonderful_a bridge_n of_o free_a stone_n beside_o many_o other_o excellent_a private_a and_o public_a edifice_n 17._o essex_n 17._o essex_n be_v the_o next_o abound_v in_o pasturage_n corn_n and_o saffron_n and_o in_o which_o be_v find_v chelmsford_n the_o chief_a town_n colchester_n coxal_a and_o other_o abound_v with_o bay_n sesse_n and_o other_o new_a drapery_n and_o last_o harwich_n a_o safe_a haven_n for_o ship_n 18._o suffolk_z 18._o suffolk_n be_v next_o which_o afford_v quantity_n of_o butter_n cheese_n and_o clothes_n know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o suffolk-cloth_n wherein_o be_v find_v st._n edmund_n bury_v and_o ipswich_n which_o have_v a_o commodious_a haven_n 19_o norfolk_z 19_o norfolk_n be_v the_o 19_o a_o large_a champain_n country_n abound_v in_o coney_n and_o sheep_n afford_v the_o two_o good_a haven_n town_n of_o lin_n and_o yarmouth_n and_o norwich_n the_o first_o of_o the_o county_n which_o deserve_v to_o be_v number_v among_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o england_n thereof_o a_o description_n of_o the_o city_n of_o norwich_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o it_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o county_n of_o norfolk_n and_o be_v situate_a upon_o the_o river_n yare_a which_o run_v to_o yarmouth_n and_o give_v name_n to_o that_o town_n passable_a for_o small_a boat_n only_o on_o which_o river_n be_v 5_o bridge_n the_o city_n be_v well_o wall_a with_o many_o turret_n and_o have_v 12_o gate_n for_o entrance_n contain_v 36_o parish_n in_o the_o midst_n whereof_o be_v a_o very_a fair_a marketplace_n â—and_v town-hall_n for_o the_o city_n court_n and_o election_n and_o one_o other_o hall_n wherein_o the_o citizen_n keep_v their_o great_a feast_n this_o city_n be_v also_o beautify_v with_o a_o fair_a cathedral_n and_o cloister_n not_o much_o inferior_a to_o any_o in_o the_o world_n though_o now_o much_o ruinate_v by_o these_o unhappy_a time_n there_o be_v also_o in_o this_o city_n the_o ruin_n of_o a_o old_a castle_n 3_o palace_n viz._n one_o belong_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o norfolk_n one_o formerly_z belonging_z the_o earls_z of_o surrey_n and_o one_o other_o for_o the_o bishop_n of_o norwich_n here_o be_v also_o 3_o hospital_n one_o for_o age_a person_n one_o for_o boy_n and_o one_o for_o girl_n the_o government_n of_o this_o city_n be_v by_o a_o mayor_n 2_o sheriff_n 24_o alderman_n and_o 16_o common_a council-man_n this_o city_n be_v a_o inland_a place_n about_o 30_o mile_n from_o the_o sea_n by_o water_n though_o not_o above_o 16_o by_o land_n have_v little_o foreign_a trade_n save_v only_o with_o holland_n and_o that_o not_o considerable_a or_o worth_a take_v notice_n of_o the_o chief_a trade_n of_o this_o city_n be_v to_o london_n and_o that_o in_o these_o two_o commodity_n especial_o viz._n stuff_n and_o stocking_n the_o stuff_v here_o vend_v in_o a_o time_n of_o free_a trade_n may_v be_v estimate_v at_o 100000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o upward_o which_o say_v stuff_n be_v under_o the_o government_n of_o two_o company_n one_o call_v the_o worsted_n company_n and_o the_o other_o the_o russel_n company_n those_o manusacture_n under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o worsted_n company_n and_o approve_v by_o the_o warden_n thereof_o have_v a_o seal_v affix_v to_o each_o end_n thereof_o the_o one_o seal_v have_v this_o word_n norwich_n on_o one_o side_n and_o certain_a letter_n on_o the_o other_o which_o stand_v for_o such_o of_o the_o warden_n name_n as_o be_v present_a at_o the_o seal_v thereof_o the_o other_o seal_n have_v on_o one_o side_n these_o word_n worsted_n reform_v and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n thereof_o in_o figure_n the_o quantity_n of_o yard_n the_o piece_n contain_v and_o those_o manufacture_n under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o russel_n company_n and_o approve_v by_o they_o have_v but_o one_o seal_n which_o have_v on_o one_o side_n the_o representation_n of_o a_o castle_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n these_o word_n fidelitas_fw-la art_fw-la alit_fw-la this_o stuff_n trade_n be_v chief_o manage_v in_o partnership_n between_o the_o london_n and_o norwich_n merchant_n great_a quantity_n whereof_o have_v in_o formertime_n in_o a_o free_a trade_n with_o other_o nation_n be_v export_v beyond_o the_o sea_n to_o several_a place_n but_o
brief_o run_v over_o the_o shire_n of_o england_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a i_o shall_v here_o add_v the_o like_a cursory_a view_n of_o wales_n comprehend_v under_o the_o government_n of_o england_n and_o include_v within_o the_o same_o limit_v and_o omit_v to_o this_o place_n as_o have_v part_n of_o the_o say_a kingdom_n which_o i_o find_v to_o be_v in_o number_n these_o 1_o anglesey_n 1_o anglesey_n i_o account_v the_o first_o which_o be_v touch_v among_o the_o island_n be_v esteem_v a_o county_n of_o wales_n beaumary_n be_v the_o principal_a town_n of_o the_o county_n 2._o flint_n 2._o flintshire_n be_v the_o second_o plentiful_a in_o corn_n and_o pasture_n famous_a for_o the_o spring_n of_o holy_a well_o call_v here_o st._n winifred_n well_o and_o flint_n town_n be_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o county_n 3_o denbigh_n 3_o denbighshire_n be_v the_o next_o afford_v some_o mine_n of_o lead_n wherein_o be_v find_v wrexham_n that_o boast_v of_o its_o holy_a tower_n and_o musical_a organ_n and_o denbigh_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o county_n 4._o canaruan_n 4._o canarvanshire_n be_v the_o next_o ancient_o call_v snowden_n forest_n before_o that_o wales_n be_v reduce_v to_o county_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o high_a hill_n the_o alps_o of_o britain_n also_o aberconway_n a_o strong_a and_o fair_a little_a town_n bangor_n the_o seat_n of_o a_o bishop_n and_o canaruan_n the_o chief_a of_o this_o province_n famous_a for_o the_o birth-place_n of_o edward_n ii_o the_o first_o prince_n of_o wales_n of_o english_a blood_n 5._o merion_v 5._o merionethshire_n be_v the_o next_o a_o mountainous_a country_n afford_v notwithstanding_o good_a pasture_n for_o cattle_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v balla_n though_o poor_a yet_o principal_a of_o these_o mountaincer_n 6_o montgomery_z 6_o montgomeryshire_n be_v the_o next_o have_v its_o chief_a town_n of_o the_o same_o name_n 7._o cardigan_n 7._o cardiganshire_n be_v the_o seven_o and_o have_v the_o town_n of_o cardigan_n for_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o county_n 8._o pembroke_n 8._o pembrokeshire_n be_v the_o eight_o pembrâ—…_n be_v the_o chief_a town_n and_o here_o a_o long_a neck_n of_o land_n make_v a_o haven_n call_v milford_n haven_n than_o which_o europe_n have_v not_o a_o more_o noble_a more_o safe_a and_o more_o large_a with_o many_o creek_n and_o safe_a road_n wherein_o 1000_o sail_n may_v ride_v out_o of_o sight_n one_o of_o another_o and_o make_v more_o famous_a by_o the_o land_n of_o henry_n vii_o 9_o caermarden_n 9_o caermardenshire_n be_v the_o next_o abound_v in_o corn_n sheep_n and_o pit-coal_n caermarden_n be_v the_o chief_a town_n 10_o glamorgan_n 10_o glamorganshire_n be_v the_o next_o cardiff_n be_v the_o chief_a town_n have_v a_o commodious_a haven_n for_o ship_n 11_o monmouth_n 11_o monmouthshire_n be_v the_o next_o wherein_o be_v find_v chepstow_n and_o monmouth_n the_o last_o be_v glorious_a in_o give_v birth_n to_o henry_n v._o conqueror_n of_o france_n 12._o brecknock_n 12._o brecknockshire_n be_v the_o next_o brecknock_n be_v the_o chief_a town_n 13._o radnor_n 13._o radnorshire_n be_v the_o last_o wherein_o be_v sound_a radnor_n the_o chief_a these_o be_v in_o brief_a the_o shire_n of_o wales_n england_n commodity_n of_o england_n to_o observe_v now_o my_o former_a method_n have_v thus_o particular_o survey_v the_o continent_n let_v i_o now_o search_v into_o those_o commodity_n which_o england_n in_o general_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n and_o be_v thence_o export_v into_o foreign_a region_n as_o be_v the_o principal_a motive_n of_o trade_n in_o all_o kingdom_n which_o it_o produce_v several_a way_n first_o by_o manufacture_n it_o yield_v woollen_a clothes_n of_o all_o sort_n broad_a and_o narrow_a know_v and_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o several_a shire_n also_o perpetuano_n bay_n sesse_n scrges_n cotton_n kersey_n buffin_n mocado_n grogram_n satin_n calimancas_n velvet_n plâ—shts_n worsted_n fustian_n durance_n tukes_n and_o infinite_a other_o there_o be_v make_v in_o this_o island_n yearly_a 250000_o clothes_n by_o computation_n and_o by_o this_o may_v be_v guess_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o resâ—_n of_o other_o sort_n also_o fur_n and_o skin_n as_o coney-skin_n squirrel-skin_n fitche_n calf-skin_n hide_n and_o sundry_a other_o also_o it_o produce_v by_o mine_n out_o of_o the_o earth_n 1._o tin_n 1200000_o l._n yearly_a lead_v 800_o foders_n yearly_a allom_n 800_o tun_n yearly_a copper_n 500_o tun_n yearly_a iron_n of_o all_o sort_n 800_o furnace_n daily_o set_v on_o work_n beside_o ordnance_n of_o iron_n and_o such_o like_a sea-coal_n yearly_a cauldron_n salt_n tun_n also_o all_o manner_n of_o grain_n oat_n pease_n barley_n rye_n and_o wheat_n in_o great_a plenty_n also_o linen_n cloth_n all_o iron_n ware_n tallow_n leather_n glass_n and_o glass_n of_o all_o sort_n venice_n gold_n and_o bilver_n train-oyl_n salmon_n pilchard_n and_o herring_n hake_n conger_n and_o gaberdine_n hops_n wood_n butter_n cheese_n beer_n salt-petre_a gunpowder_n honey_n wax_n alabaster_n and_o some_o other_o stone_n wool_n woolfels_n yern_v yernsey_n etc._n etc._n and_o to_o conclude_v many_o other_o good_a and_o rich_a commodity_n be_v here_o find_v england_n beauty_n of_o england_n the_o beauty_n and_o wealth_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v demonstrate_v in_o 325_o river_n 8_o thereof_o be_v great_a and_o navigable_a for_o some_o mile_n whereon_o be_v find_v 857_o bridge_n 30_o chase_n 55_o forest_n 745_o park_n here_o be_v also_o reckon_v 26_o deanery_n 60_o archdeaconry_n 504_o dignity_n and_o prebend_n 5439_o parochial_a benefice_n beside_o impropriation_n and_o vicarage_n and_o the_o whole_a divide_v into_o 6_o circuit_n for_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n into_o 22_o episcopal_a diocese_n for_o ecclesiastical_a discipline_n and_o into_o 2_o archbishopric_n under_o who_o the_o rest_n be_v subordinate_a and_o last_o into_o 40_o shire_n over_o each_o of_o which_o be_v yearly_a a_o sheriff_n appoint_v who_o be_v to_o assist_v the_o itinerary_a judge_n in_o execute_v justice_n and_o to_o gather_v in_o the_o king_n amercement_n and_o these_o shire_n be_v divide_v into_o hundred_o and_o these_o hundred_o into_o tithing_n and_o to_o conclude_v in_o england_n be_v find_v 145_o castle_n 9527_o parish_n beside_o chapel_n whereof_o 585_o be_v market_n town_n and_o 22_o city_n the_o principal_a whereof_o be_v these_o 1._o oxford_n 2._o cambridge_n both_o be_v university_n 3._o exeter_z in_o devonshire_n 4._o norwich_n in_o norfolk_n 5._o bristol_n water_v by_o severn_n account_v the_o second_o for_o trade_n in_o this_o country_n 6._o york_n on_o the_o river_n ure_n account_v the_o second_o city_n for_o beauty_n and_o greatness_n in_o england_n and_o last_o london_n under_o which_o i_o will_v comprise_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o whole_a island_n chap._n cclxx._n of_o london_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o london_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o london_n the_o metropolis_n of_o england_n the_o prime_a city_n of_o trading_n this_o day_n in_o the_o world_n be_v pleasant_o seat_v on_o the_o river_n thames_n which_o divide_v it_o into_o two_o part_n her_o circuit_n may_v be_v 8_o mile_n wherein_o be_v find_v 122_o parish_n church_n with_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o king_n the_o house_n of_o the_o nobility_n college_n for_o the_o study_n of_o the_o law_n and_o divers_a other_o stately_a public_a edifice_n and_o may_v contain_v 400000_o people_n london_n merchant_n of_o london_n here_o have_v their_o residence_n the_o rich_a and_o most_o eminent_a merchant_n of_o this_o island_n who_o divers_a prince_n of_o this_o kingdom_n have_v incorporate_v into_o several_a society_n and_o company_n partly_o to_o encourage_v their_o endeavour_n and_o partly_o in_o reward_n of_o the_o discovery_n of_o those_o country_n and_o region_n whereof_o they_o take_v their_o name_n and_o by_o the_o power_n and_o immunity_n grant_v they_o do_v make_v act_n and_o order_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o commerce_n in_o general_n and_o of_o their_o company_n in_o particular_a residence_n merchant_n adventurer_n and_o their_o original_a and_o place_n of_o residence_n the_o ancient_a of_o which_o company_n have_v have_v their_o original_a and_o continuance_n since_o edward_n i._o his_o reign_n call_v the_o company_n of_o merchant_n adventurer_n ground_v at_o first_o upon_o the_o exportation_n of_o wool_n only_o as_o the_o prime_n and_o staple_n commodity_n of_o this_o kingdom_n since_o which_o it_o be_v ground_v upon_o clothe_v into_o which_o this_o wool_n be_v now_o convert_v for_o he_o at_o the_o request_n and_o be_v in_o league_n with_o the_o city_n and_o town_n in_o flanders_n make_v bruges_n which_o be_v then_o the_o great_a mart_n of_o christendom_n the_o staple_n for_o his_o wool_n where_o it_o continue_v for_o 15_o year_n whenas_o by_o some_o discontent_n with_o the_o fleming_n and_o by_o experience_n see_v what_o the_o benefit_n of_o these_o staple_n be_v remove_v they_o from_o bruges_n to_o england_n and_o for_o the_o ease_n as_o well_o of_o his_o subject_n
country_n the_o principal_a in_o use_n be_v these_o silver_n coin_n current_a in_o england_n of_o silver_n the_o silver_n currant_n coin_n be_v piece_n of_o 5_o s._n sterl_n crown_n piece_n of_o 2_o s._n 6_o d._n piece_n of_o 12_o d._n shilling_n piece_n of_o 6_o d._n 4_o d._n 3_o d._n 2_o d._n 1_o d._n sterl_n which_o be_v account_v 4_o farthing_n to_o a_o penny_n sterl_n 12_o penny_n to_o a_o shilling_n 5_o shilling_n to_o a_o crown_n 4_o crown_n or_o 20_o shilling_n to_o a_o pound_n sterling_a gold_n of_o gold_n the_o gold_n current_a coin_n be_v piece_n of_o 22_o s._n sterl_n piece_n of_o 11_o s._n piece_n of_o 5_o s._n 6_o d._n piece_n of_o 2_o s._n 9_o d._n the_o â…›_n of_o 22_o s._n also_o piece_n of_o 20_o s._n piece_n of_o 10_o s._n piece_n of_o 5_o s._n piece_n of_o 2_o s._n 6_o d._n the_o â…›_n of_o 20_o s._n account_v also_o in_o former_a account_n of_o pound_n shilling_n and_o penny_n sterling_a the_o goodness_n and_o fineness_n and_o intrinsic_a value_n may_v be_v more_o particular_o know_v by_o a_o proclamation_n an._n 1609._o publish_v by_o our_o decease_a sovereign_a king_n james_n to_o which_o i_o refer_v the_o reader_n or_o otherwise_o to_o a_o table_n insert_v in_o the_o end_n of_o this_o chapter_n of_o the_o equality_n and_o valuation_n thereof_o with_o the_o coin_n of_o sundry_a other_o country_n england_n account_n in_o england_n their_o account_n be_v keep_v throughout_o england_n by_o pound_n shilling_n and_o penny_n sterling_a account_v 12_o penny_n to_o the_o shilling_n and_o 20_o shilling_n to_o the_o pound_n but_o the_o account_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o kingdom_n have_v be_v and_o yet_o be_v in_o some_o office_n keep_v in_o mark_n contain_v 13_o shilling_n 4_o penny_n per_fw-la mark_n chap._n cclxxi_o of_o weight_n use_v in_o england_n england_n weight_n in_o england_n the_o weight_n common_o use_v throughout_o england_n be_v two_o the_o troy-weight_n and_o the_o averdupois-weight_n weight_n troy_n weight_n the_o troy_n pound_n consist_v of_o 12_o pounce_n the_o ounce_n of_o 20_o peny-weight_n the_o pennyweight_n of_o 24_o grain_n and_o serve_v only_o for_o bread_n gold_n silver_n and_o electuary_n 8_o l._n account_v to_o the_o gallâ—…_n and_o by_o consequence_n 16_o l._n to_o the_o peck_n 32_o l._n to_o the_o half-bushel_n and_o 64_o to_o the_o bushel_n and_o hereby_o weight_n and_o measure_n be_v reduce_v one_o into_o another_o measure_n weight_n with_o measure_n wet_a measure_n be_v also_o derive_v from_o this_o pound_n troy_n both_o on_o land_n and_o shipboard_n as_o also_o corn_n and_o grain_n as_o above_o be_v specify_v for_o first_o this_o pound_n of_o 12_o ounce_n make_v into_o a_o concave_a measure_n be_v name_v a_o pint_n 8_o of_o the_o say_a pint_n or_o 8_o l._n make_v a_o gallon_n of_o either_o wine_n ale_z beer_n or_o corn_n according_a to_o the_o standard_n of_o the_o exchequer_n and_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n of_o 11_o and_o 12_o of_o henry_n vii_o assize_n assize_n from_o hence_o be_v also_o draw_v the_o assize-measure_n of_o all_o vendible_a cask_n each_o hogshead_n to_o contain_v 63_o gallon_n every_o terce_n 84_o every_o pipe_n 126_o and_o every_o tun_n 252_o gallon_n from_o hence_o also_o the_o measure_n for_o fish_n the_o salmon-butt_n be_v to_o be_v 84_o gallon_n the_o barrel_n 42_o gallon_n the_o herring-barrel_n to_o be_v 32_o gallon_n the_o eel-barrel_n to_o be_v 42_o gallon_n the_o soap-barrel_n to_o be_v 32½_n gallon_n and_o the_o firkin_n of_o these_o to_o be_v according_o averdupois_n averdupois_n the_o second_o weight_n be_v the_o averdupois-pound_n which_o consist_v of_o 16_o ounce_n which_o be_v lesser_a than_o the_o former_a for_o these_o 16_o ounce_n make_v but_o 14½_n ounce_n and_o 2_o penny_n weight_n of_o troy_n use_v in_o the_o mint_n where_o 136_o l._n averdupois_n subtle_a be_v but_o 100_o subtle_a troy_n by_o the_o averdupois-weight_n be_v all_o commodity_n weigh_v which_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o garble_n and_o whereof_o issue_v a_o garble_n or_o waste_v also_o butter_n cheese_n tallow_n wax_n and_o other_o commodity_n and_o 7_o l._n of_o this_o weight_n be_v account_v to_o the_o gallon_n of_o wheat_n as_o be_v 14_o l._n the_o peck_n 28_o l._n the_o half-â—ashel_a and_o 56_o l._n to_o the_o bushel_n bread_n troy_n &_o averdupois_n compare_v for_o the_o weight_n of_o bread_n the_o 7_o l._n averdupois_n be_v 102_o ounce_n troy_n according_a to_o which_o rate_n the_o quarter_n of_o wheat_n must_v weigh_v 448_o l._n averdupois_n and_o so_o 14_o l._n averdupois_n and_o 16_o l._n 11_o ounce_n troy_n do_v accord_n in_o one_o or_o 56_o l._n averdupois_n and_o 67_o l._n 8_o ounce_n troy_n and_o note_v that_o as_o 1_o penny_n sterling_a be_v the_o â—_o 2d_o part_n of_o a_o ounce_n troy_n so_o thereby_o be_v find_v that_o 7_o l._n 12_o s._n sterling_a be_v 84½_n and_o 2_o peny-weight_n troy_n and_o 6_o l._n 18_o s._n sterling_a be_v 82¾_n ounce_n and_o 1_o penny_n troy_n from_o which_o 2_o assize_n the_o white_a wheaten_n and_o household_n bread_n be_v calculate_v and_o draw_v weight_n cheese_n weight_n from_o the_o averdupois-weight_n be_v also_o draw_v the_o true_a weight_n of_o cheese_n and_o butter_n call_v the_o weigh_n which_o be_v 112_o l._n averdupois_n to_o the_o hundred_o and_o the_o 2_o hundred_o be_v 224_o l._n contain_v 32_o clove_n and_o every_o clove_n be_v 7_o l._n the_o weigh_v of_o suffolk_n cheese_n be_v 256_o l._n and_o the_o weigh_v of_o essex_n cheese_n 336_o l._n averdupois_n weight_n wool_n weight_n the_o sack_n of_o wool_n former_o so_o famous_v by_o the_o stapler_n do_v weigh_v 364_o l._n averdupois_n 2_o weigh_v of_o wool_n make_v a_o sack_n and_o 12_o sack_n make_v a_o last_o measure_n herring_n measure_n the_o last_o of_o herring_n contain_v 10_o thousand_o and_o every_o thousand_o contain_v 10_o hundred_o and_o every_o hundred_o six_o score_n or_o 120._o weight_n lead_v weight_n lead_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o fodder_n the_o load_n be_v 175_o l._n and_o the_o fodder_n make_v according_o 19½_n hundred_o of_o 112_o l._n per_fw-la cent_n england_n three_o quintar_n use_v in_o england_n it_o be_v also_o to_o be_v note_v that_o of_o this_o pound_n of_o 16_o ounce_n averdupois_n be_v make_v in_o england_n 3_o several_a quintar_n for_o weigh_v of_o sundry_a sort_n of_o merchandise_n l._n first_o 100_o l._n the_o first_o be_v a_o hundred_o of_o five_o score_n or_o 10_o l._n just_a and_o this_o be_v call_v the_o 100_o subtle_a by_o which_o be_v sell_v spice_n drug_n and_o other_o fine_a commodity_n which_o be_v account_v by_o the_o pound_n and_o to_o which_o be_v add_v by_o seller_n a_o allowance_n of_o 4_o l._n upon_o 104_o l._n take_v from_o the_o overplus_n receive_v from_o antwerp_n weight_v in_o time_n pass_v in_o spice_n as_o i_o have_v say_v elsewhere_o and_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o tret_n yet_o by_o some_o allege_v to_o be_v a_o allowance_n in_o garbled_a commodity_n l._n second_o 112_o l._n the_o second_o be_v a_o hundred_o of_o five_o score_n and_o twelve_o 112_o l._n the_o half_a hundred_o be_v 56_o l._n the_o quarter_n 28_o l._n etc._n etc._n to_o which_o all_o the_o aforesaid_a weight_n be_v adjust_v and_o by_o which_o all_o commodity_n be_v weigh_v and_o all_o fine_a commodity_n afterward_o reduce_v to_o the_o subtle_a hundred_o and_o by_o this_o be_v sell_v all_o gross_a good_n grocery_n saltery_a etc._n etc._n l._n three_o 120_o l._n the_o three_o be_v a_o hundred_o of_o six_o score_n of_o the_o say_a averdupois_n pound_n by_o which_o tin_n be_v weigh_v to_o his_o majesty_n farmer_n and_o some_o few_o other_o commodity_n and_o be_v call_v the_o stannery_n hundred_o this_o pound_n averdupois_n have_v in_o itself_o a_o division_n of_o 16_o ounce_n and_o thereof_o be_v form_v other_o weight_n as_o sometime_o a_o stone_n of_o 8_o l._n 7_o l._n 10_o l._n 14_o l._n 16_o l._n 20_o l._n sometime_o a_o tod_n of_o 7_o l._n 8_o l._n 10_o l._n sometime_o a_o clove_n of_o 20_o l._n 28_o l._n 32_o l._n and_o such_o like_a which_o be_v still_o find_v to_o be_v make_v out_o of_o this_o pound_n of_o averdupois_n of_o 16_o ounce_n and_o every_o ounce_n of_o 8_o dram_n and_o every_o dram_n 60_o grain_n raw_a silk_n of_o persia_n or_o tuckey_n be_v also_o sell_v by_o this_o pound_n but_o than_o it_o be_v account_v a_o pound_n of_o 24_o ounce_n or_o a_o pound_n and_o a_o half_a of_o the_o abovesaid_a all_o which_o be_v requisite_a his_o learning_n that_o be_v either_o to_o buy_v or_o sell_v in_o england_n that_o he_o may_v know_v not_o only_o the_o true_a weight_n of_o this_o commodity_n but_o also_o the_o denomination_n thereof_o and_o how_o many_o pound_n or_o ounce_n be_v contain_v therein_o have_v now_o show_v the_o distinction_n of_o the_o troy_n and_o averdupois_n
servant_n must_v have_v advice_n whether_o the_o parcel_n be_v accept_v or_o not_o to_o govern_v himself_o according_o and_o doubtless_o will_v be_v glad_a to_o hear_v the_o parcel_n he_o remit_v be_v accept_v and_o be_v trouble_v at_o the_o contrary_a wherefore_o although_o the_o money_n be_v remit_v i_o for_o my_o own_o account_n yet_o because_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n do_v concern_v other_o man_n as_o well_o as_o myself_o therefore_o i_o ought_v to_o have_v respect_n unto_o they_o also_o and_o to_o follow_v the_o usual_a course_n of_o exchange_n which_o be_v to_o endeavour_v to_o procure_v acceptation_n of_o bill_n of_o exchange_n as_o well_o as_o payment_n and_o indeed_o in_o the_o very_a letter_n of_o advice_n which_o be_v send_v by_o the_o deliverer_n of_o the_o money_n be_v he_o servant_n factor_n or_o principal_n to_o the_o party_n to_o who_o the_o bill_n be_v make_v payable_a it_o be_v usual_o express_v in_o these_o or_o the_o like_a word_n sir_n here_o enclose_v i_o do_v send_v you_o four_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o 500_o l._n viz._n 20_o nou._n 100_o l._n per_fw-la arthur_n a._n at_o do_v uso_fw-la on_o roger_n g._n ditto_n 100_o l._n per_fw-la joos_n d._n at_o do_v uso_fw-la 10_o day_n on_o gregory_n n._n ditto_n 150_o l._n per_fw-la arent_n b._n at_o 1½_n uso_fw-la on_o william_n m._n 22_o do_v 150_o l._n per_fw-la jac._n c._n at_o do_v uso_fw-la on_o frederick_n v._n whereof_o please_v to_o get_v acceptance_n and_o payment_n at_o the_o time_n when_o fall_v due_a give_v advice_n now_o certain_o all_o merchant_n be_v bind_v to_o follow_v order_n and_o consequent_o to_o endeavour_v the_o acceptance_n of_o all_o bill_n of_o exchange_n in_o the_o like_a kind_n send_v unto_o they_o or_o else_o they_o break_v the_o order_n of_o the_o party_n which_o send_v the_o bill_n whether_o the_o accepter_n be_v free_v by_o protest_v a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n which_o be_v accept_v and_o at_o the_o time_n not_o punctual_o pay_v there_o be_v other_o some_o that_o think_v if_o they_o shall_v cause_v a_o protest_v to_o be_v make_v on_o such_o a_o bill_n for_o nonpayment_n that_o they_o by_o protest_v shall_v free_v the_o party_n who_o have_v accept_v the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o that_o they_o do_v reserve_v their_o right_n only_o against_o the_o drawer_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o recover_v upon_o he_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o protest_v to_o this_o i_o say_v it_o be_v true_a by_o protest_v the_o drawer_n be_v liable_a to_o make_v satisfaction_n but_o the_o party_n which_o accept_v the_o bill_n be_v so_o far_o thereby_o i_o mean_v by_o protest_v for_o want_n of_o present_a payment_n from_o be_v free_v as_o that_o he_o be_v thereby_o make_v more_o liable_a or_o at_o least_o liable_a to_o pay_v more_o than_o he_o be_v before_o the_o protest_v be_v make_v for_o than_o he_o be_v only_o liable_a for_o the_o just_a sum_n mention_v in_o the_o bill_n but_o now_o after_o protest_v be_v make_v for_o non_fw-la payment_n he_o be_v liable_a also_o to_o pay_v all_o cost_n damage_n and_o interest_n etc._n etc._n which_o the_o party_n protest_v do_v by_o his_o protest_v express_o declare_v he_o do_v intend_v to_o recover_v of_o the_o acceptor_n in_o usual_a manner_n and_o indeed_o a_o protest_v for_o nonpayment_n ought_v usual_o to_o precede_v a_o action_n at_o law_n for_o by_o the_o protest_v be_v prove_v default_n of_o payment_n of_o the_o money_n at_o the_o time_n limit_v in_o the_o bill_n and_o so_o the_o acceptor_n become_v liable_a to_o a_o action_n of_o the_o case_n and_o so_o soon_o as_o ever_o protest_v have_v be_v make_v for_o nonpayment_n the_o party_n accept_v may_v be_v arrest_v thereupon_o which_o before_o he_o can_v not_o so_o legal_o have_v be_v time_n of_o payment_n and_o in_o what_o species_n every_o country_n have_v its_o usance_n or_o accustom_a time_n for_o payment_n of_o money_n by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o as_o for_o instance_n from_o london_n to_o antwerp_n amsterdam_n middleborough_n rotterdam_n lisle_n roven_n and_o paris_n usance_n be_v one_o month_n after_o the_o date_n of_o the_o bill_n and_o so_o likewise_o from_o those_o part_n to_o london_n usance_n be_v one_o month_n after_o date_n double_a usance_n be_v two_o month_n etc._n etc._n and_o between_o hamborough_n and_o london_n monies_n be_v usual_o deliver_v at_o two_o month_n and_o in_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o hamborough_n they_o do_v usual_o express_v double_a usance_n when_o they_o intend_v only_o two_o month_n from_o venice_n and_o other_o part_n of_o italy_n to_o amsterdam_n etc._n etc._n and_o from_o thence_o to_o italy_n usance_n be_v two_o month_n from_o venice_n etc._n etc._n to_o london_n usance_n be_v three_o month_n and_o at_o lion_n and_o some_o other_o place_n they_o do_v usual_o make_v their_o money_n pavable_a at_o certain_a mart_n or_o fair_n and_o here_o in_o england_n at_o so_o many_o day_n sight_n each_o place_n observe_v its_o accustom_a manner_n and_o in_o some_o place_n likewise_o they_o contract_v for_o what_o sort_n of_o money_n to_o pay_v either_o currant_n money_n in_o bank_n or_o out_o of_o bank_n which_o be_v sometime_o 1_o 1½_n or_o 2_o or_o more_o per_fw-la cent._n difference_n this_o be_v very_o expedient_a to_o be_v know_v to_o the_o end_n that_o he_o which_o do_v deliver_v his_o money_n by_o exchange_n for_o any_o place_n may_v not_o be_v deceive_v in_o his_o expectation_n as_o well_o concern_v the_o time_n as_o for_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o money_n which_o be_v to_o be_v pay_v in_o exchange_n for_o the_o money_n which_o he_o deliver_v danger_n in_o make_v bill_n payable_a to_o the_o bearer_n never_o make_v your_o bill_n of_o exchange_n payable_a to_o such_o a_o one_o name_v his_o name_n or_o to_o the_o bearer_n hereof_o which_o be_v very_o dangerous_a but_o always_o make_v your_o bill_n payable_a to_o such_o a_o one_o or_o his_o order_n or_o his_o assign_v or_o the_o like_a for_o a_o bill_n which_o shall_v be_v make_v payable_a to_o robert_n w._n or_o the_o bearer_n hereof_o may_v chance_v to_o miscarry_v or_o come_v to_o a_o wrong_a man_n hand_n and_o he_o may_v go_v and_o receive_v the_o money_n upon_o such_o a_o bill_n and_o the_o party_n to_o who_o of_o right_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v pay_v never_o the_o wise_a i_o mean_v not_o know_v of_o it_o and_o he_o that_o pay_v it_o will_v produce_v the_o bill_n itself_o for_o his_o warrant_n to_o pay_v it_o to_o whosoever_o shall_v bring_v it_o so_o you_o may_v chance_v to_o be_v defeat_v of_o your_o money_n and_o it_o may_v be_v your_o friend_n on_o who_o you_o draw_v the_o bill_n be_v suspect_v by_o you_o to_o have_v have_v a_o hand_n in_o the_o business_n though_o it_o may_v be_v he_o never_o have_v any_o such_o thought_n but_o pay_v it_o real_o to_o the_o party_n that_o bring_v the_o bill_n not_o know_v he_o nor_o ever_o inquire_v where_o he_o dwell_v or_o what_o he_o be_v and_o if_o you_o will_v needs_o have_v your_o friend_n bear_v some_o blame_n for_o pay_v the_o money_n in_o that_o manner_n you_o must_v bear_v the_o great_a blame_n and_o thank_v yourself_o for_o give_v such_o a_o order_n for_o he_o have_v perform_v your_o order_n and_o so_o you_o can_v have_v nothing_o against_o he_o unless_o you_o can_v prove_v a_o fraud_n in_o he_o but_o to_o prevent_v all_o such_o suspicion_n always_o make_v your_o bill_n payable_a to_o a_o certain_a man_n by_o name_n the_o name_n and_o time_n of_o old_a and_o new_a style_n though_o both_o agree_n yet_o how_o distinguish_v the_o computation_n or_o stile_n of_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n among_o christian_n do_v differ_v in_o several_a country_n and_o nation_n both_o in_o name_n and_o time_n first_o in_o name_n there_o be_v the_o julian_n or_o english_a account_n which_o among_o merchant_n be_v call_v stilo_fw-it veteri_fw-la or_o old_a stile_n and_o there_o be_v the_o gregorian_a or_o roman_a account_n which_o among_o the_o merchant_n be_v call_v stilo_fw-it novo_fw-la or_o new_a stile_n the_o old_a stile_n be_v use_v with_o we_o in_o england_n and_o at_o hamburg_n strasburg_n and_o other_o part_n of_o germany_n the_o new_a stile_n be_v use_v in_o the_o netherlands_o france_n spain_n and_o most_o part_n of_o christendom_n then_o for_o matter_n of_o time_n we_o in_o england_n begin_v our_o year_n the_o 25_o day_n of_o march_n they_o in_o the_o netherlands_o and_o other_o place_n where_o they_o write_v new_a stile_n except_o at_o venice_n and_o some_o part_n of_o italy_n begin_v their_o year_n the_o first_o day_n of_o january_n or_o as_o dr._n vilvain_n say_v christian_n in_o general_a do_v reckon_v from_o christ_n nativity_n currant_n january_n 1._o but_o the_o church_n of_o england_n with_o pisa_n and_o sienna_n in_o italy_n from_o his_o
likewise_o of_o our_o own_o natural_a wealth_n may_v advance_v much_o yearly_a to_o be_v export_v unto_o stranger_n and_o if_o in_o our_o raiment_n we_o will_v be_v prodigal_a yet_o let_v this_o be_v do_v with_o our_o own_o material_n and_o manufacture_n as_o cloth_n lace_n embroidery_n cut-work_n and_o the_o like_a where_o the_o excess_n of_o the_o rich_a may_v be_v the_o employment_n of_o the_o poor_a who_o labour_n notwithstanding_o of_o this_o kind_n will_v be_v more_o profitable_a for_o the_o commonwealth_n if_o they_o be_v do_v to_o the_o use_n of_o stranger_n 6._o the_o fish_n in_o his_o majesty_n sea_n of_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n be_v our_o natural_a wealth_n and_o will_v cost_v nothing_o but_o labour_n which_o the_o dutch_a bestow_v willing_o and_o thereby_o draw_v yearly_a a_o very_a great_a profit_n to_o themselves_o by_o serve_v many_o place_n of_o christendom_n with_o our_o fish_n for_o which_o they_o return_v and_o supply_v their_o want_n both_o of_o foreign_a ware_n and_o money_n beside_o the_o multitude_n of_o mariner_n and_o ship_n which_o hereby_o be_v maintain_v whereof_o a_o long_a discourse_n may_v be_v make_v to_o show_v the_o particular_a manage_n of_o this_o important_a business_n our_o fish_n plantation_n likewise_o in_o new-england_n virginia_n greenland_n the_o summer_n island_n and_o the_o newfoundland_n be_v of_o the_o like_a nature_n afford_v much_o wealth_n and_o employment_n to_o maintain_v a_o great_a number_n of_o poor_a and_o to_o increase_v our_o decay_a trade_n richardo_n how_o some_o state_n have_v be_v make_v richardo_n 7._o a_o staple_n or_o magazine_n for_o foreign_a corn_n indigo_n spice_n raw-silk_n cotton_n wool_n or_o any_o other_o commodity_n whatsoever_o to_o be_v import_v will_v increase_v ship_n trade_n treasure_n and_o the_o king_n custom_n by_o export_v they_o again_o where_o need_n shall_v require_v which_o course_n of_o trading_n have_v be_v the_o chief_a mean_n to_o raise_v venice_n genoa_n the_o low-countries_n with_o some_o other_o and_o for_o such_o a_o purpose_n england_n stand_v most_o commodious_o want_v nothing_o to_o this_o performance_n but_o our_o own_o diligence_n and_o endeavour_n 8._o also_o we_o ought_v to_o esteem_v and_o cherish_v those_o trade_n which_o we_o have_v in_o remote_a or_o fax_fw-la country_n for_o beside_o the_o increase_n of_o ship_n and_o mariner_n thereby_o the_o ware_n also_o send_v thither_o and_o receive_v from_o thence_o be_v far_o more_o profitable_a unto_o the_o kingdom_n than_o by_o our_o trade_n near_o at_o hand_n as_o for_o example_n suppose_v pepper_n to_o be_v worth_a here_o two_o shilling_n the_o pound_n constant_o if_o then_o it_o be_v bring_v from_o the_o dutch_a at_o amsterdam_n the_o merchant_n may_v give_v there_o twenty_o penny_n the_o pound_n and_o gain_v well_o by_o the_o bargain_n profit_n the_o traffic_n to_o the_o east-indies_n be_v our_o most_o prefitable_a trade_n in_o its_o proportion_n both_o for_o king_n and_o kingdom_n we_o get_v more_o by_o the_o indian_a ware_n than_o the_o indian_n themselves_o a_o distinction_n between_o the_o kingdom_n gain_n and_o the_o merchant_n profit_n but_o if_o he_o fetch_v this_o pepper_n from_o the_o east-indies_n he_o must_v not_o give_v above_o three_o penny_n the_o pound_n at_o the_o most_o which_o be_v a_o mighty_a advantage_n not_o only_o in_o that_o part_n which_o serve_v for_o our_o own_o use_n but_o also_o for_o that_o great_a quantity_n which_o from_o heence_n we_o transport_v yearly_a unto_o divers_a other_o nation_n to_o be_v sell_v at_o a_o high_a price_n whereby_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o we_o make_v a_o far_o great_a stock_n by_o gain_n upon_o these_o indian_a commodity_n than_o those_o nation_n do_v where_o they_o grow_v and_o to_o who_o they_o proper_o appertain_v be_v the_o natural_a wealth_n of_o their_o country_n but_o for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o this_o particular_a we_o must_v ever_o distinguish_v between_o the_o gain_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o merchant_n for_o although_o the_o kingdom_n pay_v no_o more_o for_o this_o pepper_n than_o be_v before_o suppose_v nor_o for_o any_o other_o commodity_n buy_v in_o foreign_a part_n more_o than_o the_o stranger_n receive_v from_o we_o for_o the_o same_o yet_o the_o merchant_n pay_v not_o only_o that_o price_n but_o also_o the_o freight_n insurance_n custom_n and_o other_o charge_n which_o be_v exceed_o great_a in_o these_o long_a voyage_n but_o yet_o all_o these_o in_o the_o kingdom_n account_n be_v but_o commutation_n among_o ourselves_o and_o no_o privation_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v stock_n which_o be_v due_o consider_v together_o with_o the_o support_v also_o of_o our_o other_o trade_n in_o our_o best_a ship_n to_o italy_n france_n turkey_n the_o east-country_n and_o other_o place_n by_o transport_v and_o vent_v the_o ware_n which_o we_o bring_v yearly_a from_o the_o east_n indies_n it_o may_v well_o stir_v up_o our_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o maintain_v and_o enlarge_v this_o great_a and_o noble_a business_n so_o much_o import_v the_o public_a wealth_n strength_n and_o happiness_n neither_o be_v there_o less_o honour_n and_o judgement_n by_o grow_v rich_a in_o this_o manner_n upon_o the_o stock_n of_o other_o nation_n than_o by_o a_o industrious_a increase_n of_o our_o own_o mean_n especial_o when_o this_o latter_a be_v advance_v by_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o former_n as_o we_o have_v find_v in_o the_o east-indies_n by_o sale_n of_o much_o of_o our_o tin_n cloth_n lead_v and_o other_o commodity_n the_o vent_n whereof_o do_v daily_o increase_v in_o those_o country_n which_o former_o have_v no_o use_n of_o our_o ware_n 9_o it_o will_v be_v very_o beneficial_a to_o export_v money_n as_o well_o as_o ware_n be_v do_v in_o trade_n only_o it_o will_v increase_v our_o treasure_n but_o of_o this_o i_o write_v more_o large_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n to_o prove_v it_o plain_o 10._o it_o be_v policy_n and_o profit_n for_o the_o state_n to_o suffer_v manufacture_n make_v of_o foreign_a material_n to_o be_v export_v custom-free_a as_o velvet_n and_o all_o other_o wrought_v silk_n fustian_n throw_v silk_n and_o the_o like_a it_o will_v employ_v very_o many_o poor_a people_n and_o much_o increase_v the_o value_n of_o our_o stock_n yearly_o issue_v into_o other_o country_n and_o it_o will_v for_o this_o purpose_n cause_v the_o more_o foreign_a material_n to_o be_v bring_v in_o to_o the_o improvement_n of_o his_o majesty_n custom_n i_o will_v here_o remember_v a_o notable_a increase_n in_o our_o manufacture_n of_o wind_v and_o twist_v only_o of_o foreign_a raw_a silk_n which_o within_o 35_o year_n to_o my_o knowledge_n do_v not_o employ_v more_o than_o 300_o people_n in_o the_o city_n and_o suburb_n of_o london_n where_o at_o this_o present_a time_n it_o do_v set_v on_o work_n above_o fourteen_o thousand_o soul_n as_o upon_o diligent_a enquiry_n have_v be_v credible_o report_v unto_o his_o majesty_n commissioner_n for_o trade_n and_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o if_o the_o say_v foreign_a commodity_n may_v be_v export_v from_o hence_o free_a of_o custom_n this_o manufacture_n will_v yet_o increase_v very_o much_o and_o decrease_v as_o fast_o in_o italy_n and_o in_o the_o netherlands_o but_o if_o any_o man_n allege_v the_o dutch_a proverb_n live_v and_o let_v other_o live_v i_o answer_v that_o the_o dutchman_n notwithstanding_o their_o own_o proverb_n do_v not_o only_o in_o these_o kingdom_n encroach_v upon_o our_o live_n but_o also_o in_o other_o foreign_a part_n of_o our_o trade_n where_o they_o have_v power_n they_o do_v hinder_v and_o destroy_v we_o in_o our_o lawful_a course_n of_o live_v hereby_o take_v the_o bread_n out_o of_o our_o mouth_n which_o we_o shall_v never_o prevent_v by_o pluck_v the_o pot_n from_o their_o nose_n as_o of_o late_a year_n too_o many_o of_o we_o do_v practice_n to_o the_o great_a dishonour_n of_o this_o famous_a nation_n we_o ought_v rather_o to_o imitate_v former_a time_n in_o take_v sober_a and_o worthy_a course_n more_o please_v to_o god_n and_o suitable_a to_o our_o ancient_a reputation_n 11._o it_o be_v needful_a also_o not_o to_o charge_v the_o native_a commodity_n with_o too_o great_a custom_n lest_o by_o endear_n they_o to_o the_o stranger_n use_v it_o hinder_v their_o vent_n and_o especial_o foreign_a ware_n bring_v in_o to_o be_v transport_v again_o shall_v be_v savour_v for_o otherwise_o that_o manner_n of_o trading_n so_o much_o import_v the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n can_v prosper_v nor_o subsist_v but_o the_o consumption_n of_o such_o foreign_a ware_n in_o the_o realm_n may_v be_v the_o more_o charge_v which_o will_v turn_v to_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o the_o balance_n of_o trade_n and_o thereby_o also_o enable_v the_o king_n to_o lay_v up_o the_o more_o treasure_n out_o of_o his_o yearly_a incom_n as_o of_o this_o particular_a i_o intend_v to_o write_v more_o
full_o in_o its_o proper_a place_n where_o i_o shall_v show_v how_o much_o money_n a_o prince_n may_v convenient_o lay_v up_o without_o the_o hurt_n of_o his_o subject_n 12._o last_o in_o all_o thing_n we_o must_v endeavour_v to_o make_v the_o most_o we_o can_v of_o our_o own_o whether_o it_o be_v natural_a or_o artificial_a and_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o people_n which_o live_v by_o the_o art_n be_v far_o more_o in_o number_n than_o they_o who_o be_v master_n of_o the_o fruit_n we_o ought_v the_o more_o careful_o to_o maintain_v those_o endeavour_n of_o the_o multitude_n in_o who_o do_v consist_v the_o great_a strength_n and_o riches_n both_o of_o king_n and_o kingdom_n for_o where_o the_o people_n be_v many_o and_o the_o art_n good_a there_o the_o traffic_n must_v be_v great_a and_o the_o country_n rich_a the_o italian_n employ_v a_o great_z number_n of_o people_n and_o get_v more_o money_n by_o their_o industry_n and_o manufacture_n of_o the_o raw_a silk_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cilicia_n than_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n and_o his_o subject_n have_v by_o the_o revenue_n of_o this_o rich_a commodity_n but_o what_o need_v we_o fetch_v the_o example_n so_o far_o when_o we_o know_v that_o our_o own_o natural_a ware_n do_v not_o yield_v we_o so_o much_o profit_n as_o our_o industry_n for_o iron-oar_n in_o the_o mine_n be_v of_o no_o great_a worth_n when_o it_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o employment_n and_o advantage_n it_o yield_v be_v dig_v try_v transport_v buy_v sell_v cast_v into_o ordnance_n musket_n and_o many_o other_o instrument_n of_o war_n for_o offence_n and_o defence_n wrought_v into_o anchor_n bolt_n spikes_n nail_n and_o the_o like_a for_o the_o use_n of_o ship_n house_n cart_n coach_n plough_n and_o other_o instrument_n for_o tillage_n compare_v our_o fleece-wools_a with_o our_o cloth_n which_o require_v shear_v wash_v card_v spin_v weave_a full_a die_a dress_n and_o other_o trimings_z and_o we_o shall_v find_v these_o art_n more_o profitable_a than_o the_o natural_a wealth_n whereof_o i_o may_v instance_n other_o example_n but_o i_o will_v not_o be_v more_o tedious_a for_o if_o i_o will_v amplify_v upon_o this_o and_o the_o other_o particular_n before-written_a i_o may_v find_v matter_n sufficient_a to_o make_v a_o large_a volume_n but_o my_o desire_n in_o all_o be_v only_o to_o prove_v what_o i_o propound_v with_o brevity_n and_o plainness_n chap._n iu._n the_o exportation_n of_o our_o money_n in_o trade_n of_o merchandise_n be_v a_o mean_n to_o increase_v our_o treasure_n this_o position_n be_v so_o contrary_a to_o the_o common_a opinion_n that_o it_o will_v require_v many_o and_o strong_a argument_n to_o prove_v it_o before_o it_o can_v be_v accept_v of_o the_o multitude_n who_o bitter_o exclaim_v when_o they_o see_v any_o money_n carry_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n affirm_v thereupon_o that_o we_o have_v absolute_o lose_v so_o much_o treasure_n and_o that_o this_o be_v a_o act_n direct_o against_o the_o long_a continue_a law_n make_v and_o confirm_v by_o the_o wisdom_n of_o this_o kingdom_n in_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n and_o that_o many_o place_n nay_o spain_n itself_o which_o be_v the_o fountain_n of_o money_n forbid_v the_o exportation_n thereof_o some_o case_n only_o except_v to_o all_o which_o i_o may_v answer_v that_o venice_n florence_n genova_n the_o low_a country_n and_o divers_a other_o place_n permit_v it_o their_o people_n applaud_v it_o and_o find_v great_a benefit_n by_o it_o but_o all_o this_o make_v a_o noise_n and_o prove_v nothing_o we_o must_v therefore_o come_v to_o those_o reason_n which_o concern_v the_o business_n in_o question_n first_o i_o will_v take_v that_o for_o grant_v which_o no_o man_n of_o judgement_n will_v deny_v that_o we_o have_v no_o other_o mean_n to_o get_v treasure_n but_o by_o foreign_a trade_n for_o mine_n we_o have_v none_o which_o do_v afford_v it_o and_o how_o this_o money_n be_v get_v in_o the_o manage_n of_o our_o say_a trade_n i_o have_v already_o show_v that_o it_o be_v do_v by_o make_v our_o commodity_n which_o be_v export_v yearly_o to_o overbalance_n in_o value_n the_o foreign_a ware_n which_o we_o consume_v so_o that_o it_o rest_v only_o to_o show_v how_o our_o money_n may_v be_v add_v to_o our_o commodity_n and_o be_v joint_o export_v may_v so_o much_o the_o more_o increase_v our_o treasure_n we_o have_v already_o suppose_v our_o yearly_a consumption_n of_o foreign_a ware_n to_o be_v for_o the_o value_n of_o twenty_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n and_o our_o exportation_n to_o exceed_v that_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n which_o sum_n we_o have_v thereupon_o affirm_v be_v bring_v to_o we_o in_o treasure_n to_o balance_v the_o account_n but_o now_o if_o we_o add_v three_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n more_o in_o ready_a money_n unto_o our_o former_a exportation_n in_o ware_n what_o profit_n can_v we_o have_v will_n some_o man_n say_v although_o by_o this_o mean_v we_o shall_v bring_v in_o so_o much_o ready_a money_n more_o than_o we_o do_v before_o see_v that_o we_o have_v carry_v out_o the_o like_a value_n to_o this_o the_o answer_n be_v that_o when_o we_o have_v prepare_v our_o exportation_n of_o ware_n and_o set_v out_o as_o much_o of_o every_o thing_n as_o we_o can_v spare_v or_o vent_v abroad_o mony_n money_n beget_v trade_n and_o trade_n increasee_v mony_n it_o be_v not_o therefore_o say_v that_o then_o we_o shall_v add_v our_o money_n thereunto_o to_o fetch_v in_o the_o more_o money_n immediate_o but_o rather_o first_o to_o enlarge_v our_o trade_n by_o enable_v we_o to_o bring_v in_o more_o foreign_a ware_n which_o be_v send_v out_o again_o will_v in_o due_a time_n much_o increase_v our_o treasure_n for_o although_o in_o this_o manner_n we_o do_v yearly_o multiply_v our_o importation_n to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o more_o ship_n and_o mariner_n improvement_n of_o his_o majesty_n custom_n and_o other_o benefit_n yet_o our_o consumption_n of_o those_o foreign_a ware_n be_v no_o more_o than_o it_o be_v before_o so_o that_o all_o the_o say_a increase_n of_o commodity_n bring_v in_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o our_o ready_a money_n send_v out_o as_o be_v afore_o write_v do_v in_o the_o end_n become_v a_o exportation_n unto_o we_o of_o a_o far_o great_a value_n than_o our_o say_a money_n be_v which_o be_v prove_v by_o three_o several_a example_n follow_v 1._o for_o i_o suppose_v that_o 100000_o l._n be_v send_v in_o our_o ship_n to_o the_o east_n country_n will_v buy_v there_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o quarter_n of_o wheat_n clear_v aboard_o the_o ship_n which_o be_v after_o bring_v into_o england_n and_o house_v to_o export_v the_o same_o at_o the_o best_a time_n for_o vent_v thereof_o in_o spain_n or_o italy_n it_o can_v yield_v less_o in_o those_o part_n than_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n to_o make_v the_o merchant_n but_o a_o saviour_n yet_o by_o this_o reckon_n we_o see_v the_o kingdom_n have_v double_v that_o treasure_n commonwealth_n remote_a trade_n be_v most_o gainful_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n 2._o again_o this_o profit_n will_v be_v far_o great_a when_o we_o trade_n thus_o in_o remote_a country_n as_o for_o example_n if_o we_o send_v one_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n into_o the_o east_n indies_n to_o buy_v pepper_n there_o and_o bring_v it_o hither_o and_o from_o hence_o send_v it_o for_o italy_n or_o turkey_n it_o must_v yield_v seven_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n at_o least_o in_o those_o place_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o excessive_a charge_n which_o the_o merchant_n disburse_v in_o those_o long_a voyage_n in_o ship_n wage_n victual_n insurance_n interest_n custom_n impost_n and_o the_o like_a all_o which_o notwithstanding_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n get_v 3._o but_o where_o the_o voyage_n be_v short_a and_o the_o ware_n rich_a which_o therefore_o will_v not_o employ_v much_o ship_n the_o profit_n will_v be_v far_o less_o as_o when_o another_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n shall_v be_v employ_v in_o turkey_n in_o raw_a silk_n and_o bring_v hither_o to_o be_v after_o transport_v from_o hence_o into_o france_n the_o low_a country_n or_o germany_n the_o merchant_n shall_v have_v good_a gain_n although_o he_o sell_v it_o there_o but_o for_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o pound_n and_o thus_o take_v the_o voyage_n altogether_o in_o their_o medium_fw-la the_o money_n export_v will_v be_v return_v unto_o we_o more_o than_o treble_v but_o if_o any_o man_n will_v yet_o object_v that_o these_o return_n come_v to_o we_o in_o ware_n and_o not_o real_o in_o money_n as_o they_o be_v issue_v out_o the_o answer_n be_v keep_v our_o first_o ground_n that_o if_o our_o consumption_n of_o foreign_a ware_n be_v no_o more_o yearly_a than_o be_v already_o suppose_a and_o that_o our_o exportation_n be_v so_o mighty_o increase_v by_o this_o manner_n of_o trade_n with_o ready_a money_n as_o
those_o army_n which_o be_v compose_v of_o stranger_n and_o lie_v so_o far_o remote_a that_o they_o can_v feed_v cloth_n or_o otherwise_o provide_v for_o they_o out_o of_o their_o own_o native_a mean_n and_o provision_n but_o must_v receive_v this_o relief_n from_o other_o nation_n treasure_n the_o effect_n of_o different_a war_n concern_v treasure_n which_o kind_n of_o war_n be_v far_o different_a to_o that_o which_o a_o prince_n make_v upon_o his_o own_o confine_n or_o in_o his_o navy_n by_o sea_n where_o the_o soldier_n receive_v money_n for_o his_o wage_n must_v every_o day_n deliver_v it_o out_o again_o for_o his_o necessity_n whereby_o the_o treasure_n remain_v still_o in_o the_o kingdom_n although_o it_o be_v exhaust_v from_o the_o king_n but_o we_o see_v that_o the_o spaniard_n trust_v in_o the_o power_n of_o his_o treasure_n undertake_v war_n in_o germany_n and_o in_o other_o remote_a place_n which_o will_v soon_o beggar_v the_o rich_a kingdom_n in_o christendom_n of_o all_o their_o money_n the_o want_n whereof_o will_v present_o disorder_v and_o bring_v the_o army_n to_o confusion_n as_o it_o fall_v out_o sometime_o with_o spain_n itself_o who_o have_v the_o fountain_n of_o money_n when_o either_o it_o be_v stop_v in_o the_o passage_n by_o the_o force_n of_o their_o enemy_n or_o draw_v out_o fast_o than_o it_o flow_v by_o their_o own_o occasion_n whereby_o also_o we_o often_o see_v that_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v often_o so_o scant_o in_o spain_n that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o use_v base_a copper_n money_n to_o the_o great_a confusion_n of_o their_o trade_n and_o not_o without_o the_o undo_n also_o of_o many_o of_o their_o own_o people_n but_o now_o that_o we_o have_v see_v the_o occasion_n by_o which_o the_o spanish_a treasure_n be_v disperse_v into_o so_o many_o place_n of_o the_o world_n let_v we_o likewise_o discover_v how_o and_o in_o what_o proportion_n each_o country_n do_v enjoy_v these_o money_n for_o we_o find_v that_o turkey_n and_o divers_a other_o nation_n have_v great_a plenty_n thereof_o although_o they_o drive_v no_o trade_n with_o spain_n which_o seem_v to_o contradict_v the_o former_a reason_n where_o we_o say_v that_o this_o treasure_n be_v obtain_v by_o a_o necessity_n of_o commerce_n but_o to_o clear_v this_o point_n we_o must_v know_v that_o all_o nation_n who_o have_v no_o mine_n of_o their_o own_o be_v enrich_v with_o gold_n and_o silver_n by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o mean_n which_o be_v already_o show_v to_o be_v the_o balance_n of_o their_o foreign_a trade_n and_o this_o be_v not_o strict_o tie_v to_o be_v do_v in_o those_o country_n where_o the_o fountain_n of_o treasure_n be_v but_o rather_o with_o such_o order_n and_o observation_n as_o be_v prescribe_v for_o suppose_v england_n by_o trade_n with_o spain_n may_v gain_v and_o bring_v home_n five_o hundred_o thousand_o rial_n of_o eight_o yearly_a if_o we_o lose_v as_o much_o by_o our_o trade_n in_o turkey_n and_o therefore_o carry_v the_o money_n thither_o it_o be_v not_o then_o the_o english_a but_o the_o turk_n which_o have_v get_v this_o treasure_n although_o they_o have_v no_o trade_n with_o spain_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v first_o bring_v again_o if_o england_n have_v thus_o lose_v with_o turkey_n do_v notwithstanding_o gain_v twice_o as_o much_o by_o france_n italy_n and_o other_o member_n of_o her_o general_a trade_n then_o will_v there_o remain_v five_o hundred_o thousand_o rial_n of_o eight_o clear_a gain_n by_o the_o balance_n of_o this_o trade_n and_o this_o comparison_n hold_v between_o all_o other_o nation_n both_o for_o the_o manner_n of_o get_v and_o the_o proportion_n that_o be_v yearly_o get_v but_o if_o yet_o a_o question_n shall_v be_v make_v whether_o all_o nation_n get_v treasure_n and_o spain_n only_o lose_v it_o i_o answer_v no_o for_o some_o country_n by_o war_n or_o by_o excess_n do_v lose_v that_o which_o they_o have_v get_v as_o well_o as_o spain_n by_o war_n and_o want_n of_o ware_n do_v lose_v that_o which_o be_v its_o own_o chap._n vii_o the_o diversity_n of_o gain_n by_o foreign_a trade_n in_o the_o course_n of_o foreign_a trade_n there_o be_v three_o sort_n of_o gain_n the_o first_o be_v that_o of_o the_o commonwealth_n which_o may_v be_v do_v when_o the_o merchant_n who_o be_v the_o principal_a agent_n therein_o shall_v lose_v the_o second_o be_v the_o gain_n of_o the_o merchant_n which_o he_o do_v sometime_o just_o and_o worthy_o effect_v although_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v a_o loser_n the_o three_o be_v the_o gain_n of_o the_o king_n whereof_o he_o be_v ever_o certain_a even_o when_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o the_o merchant_n shall_v be_v both_o lofer_n concern_v the_o first_o of_o these_o we_o have_v already_o sufficient_o show_v the_o way_n and_o mean_n whereby_o a_o commonwealth_n may_v be_v enrich_v in_o the_o course_n of_o trade_n whereof_o it_o be_v needless_a here_o to_o make_v any_o repetition_n only_o i_o do_v in_o this_o place_n affirm_v that_o such_o happiness_n may_v be_v in_o the_o commonwealth_n when_o the_o merchant_n in_o his_o particular_a shall_v have_v no_o occasion_n to_o rejoice_v as_o for_o example_n suppose_v the_o east-india_n company_n send_v out_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n into_o the_o east-indies_n and_o receive_v home_o for_o the_o same_o the_o full_a value_n of_o three_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n hereby_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o this_o part_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v treble_v and_o yet_o i_o may_v bold_o say_v that_o which_o i_o can_v well_o prove_v that_o the_o say_a company_n of_o merchant_n shall_v lose_v at_o least_o fifty_o thousand_o pound_n by_o such_o a_o adventure_n if_o the_o return_n be_v make_v in_o spice_n indigo_n calico_n benjamin_n refine_a saltpetre_n and_o such_o other_o bulky_a ware_n in_o their_o several_a proportion_n according_a to_o their_o vent_n and_o use_v in_o these_o part_n of_o europe_n for_o the_o freight_n of_o ship_n the_o insurance_n of_o this_o adventure_n the_o charge_n of_o factor_n abroad_o and_o officer_n at_o home_n the_o forbearance_n of_o the_o stock_n his_o majesty_n custom_n and_o impost_n with_o other_o petty_a charge_n incident_a can_v be_v less_o than_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o pound_n which_o be_v add_v to_o the_o principal_a produce_v the_o say_a loss_n and_o thus_o we_o see_v that_o not_o only_o the_o kingdom_n but_o also_o the_o king_n by_o his_o custom_n and_o impost_n may_v get_v notorious_o even_o when_o the_o merchant_n notwithstanding_o shall_v lose_v grievous_o which_o give_v we_o good_a occasion_n here_o to_o consider_v how_o much_o more_o the_o realm_n be_v enrich_v by_o this_o noble_a trade_n when_o all_o thing_n pass_v so_o happy_o that_o the_o merchant_n be_v a_o gainer_n also_o with_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n in_o the_o next_o place_n i_o affirm_v that_o a_o merchant_n by_o his_o laudable_a endeavour_n may_v both_o carry_v out_o and_o bring_v in_o ware_n to_o his_o advantage_n by_o sell_v and_o buy_v they_o to_o good_a profit_n which_o be_v the_o end_n of_o his_o labour_n when_o nevertheless_o the_o commonwealth_n shall_v decline_v and_o grow_v poor_a by_o a_o disorder_n in_o the_o people_n when_o through_o pride_n and_o other_o excess_n they_o do_v consume_v more_o foreign_a ware_n in_o value_n than_o the_o wealth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n can_v satisfy_v and_o pay_v by_o the_o exportation_n of_o our_o own_o commodity_n which_o be_v the_o very_a quality_n of_o a_o unthrift_n who_o spend_v beyond_o his_o mean_n last_o the_o king_n be_v ever_o sure_a to_o get_v by_o trade_n when_o both_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o merchant_n shall_v lose_v several_o as_o afore-written_a or_o joint_o as_o it_o may_v and_o do_v sometime_o happen_v when_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n our_o commodity_n be_v overbalance_v by_o foreign_a ware_n consume_v and_o that_o the_o merchant_n success_n prove_v no_o better_o than_o be_v before_o declare_v but_o here_o we_o must_v not_o take_v the_o king_n gain_n in_o this_o large_a sense_n for_o so_o we_o may_v say_v that_o his_o majesty_n shall_v get_v although_o half_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v lose_v we_o shall_v rather_o suppose_v that_o whereas_o the_o whole_a trade_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o exportation_n and_o importation_n be_v now_o find_v for_o to_o be_v about_o the_o yearly_o value_n of_o four_o million_o and_o a_o half_a of_o pound_n it_o may_v be_v yet_o increase_v two_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la more_fw-it by_o the_o importation_n and_o consumption_n of_o foreign_a ware_n by_o this_o mean_n we_o know_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v a_o gainer_n near_o twenty_o thousand_o pound_n but_o the_o commonwealth_n shall_v lose_v the_o whole_a two_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n thus_o spend_v in_o excess_n and_o the_o merchant_n may_v be_v a_o loser_n also_o when_o the_o trade_n shall_v in_o this_o
either_o among_o ourselves_o or_o with_o stranger_n if_o among_o ourselves_o the_o commonwealth_n can_v be_v enrich_v thereby_o for_o the_o gain_n of_o one_o subject_n be_v the_o loss_n of_o another_o and_o if_o we_o exchange_v with_o stranger_n than_o our_o profit_n be_v the_o gain_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n yet_o by_o none_o of_o these_o way_n can_v the_o king_n receive_v any_o benefit_n in_o his_o custom_n let_v we_o therefore_o seek_v out_o the_o place_n where_o such_o exchange_v be_v use_v and_o set_v down_o the_o reason_n why_o this_o practice_n be_v permit_v in_o search_n whereof_o we_o shall_v only_o find_v one_o place_n of_o note_n in_o all_o christendom_n which_o be_v genova_n whereof_o i_o intend_v to_o say_v something_o as_o brief_o as_o i_o can_v genova_n the_o present_a state_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o genova_n the_o state_n of_o genova_n be_v small_a and_o not_o very_o fertile_a have_v little_a natural_a wealth_n or_o material_n to_o employ_v the_o people_n nor_o yet_o victual_n sufficient_a to_o feed_v they_o but_o nevertheless_o by_o their_o industry_n in_o former_a time_n by_o foreign_a trade_n into_o egypt_n soria_n constantinople_n and_o all_o those_o levant_n part_n for_o spice_n drug_n raw_a silk_n and_o many_o other_o rich_a ware_n with_o which_o they_o serve_v the_o most_o place_n of_o europe_n they_o grow_v to_o a_o incredible_a wealth_n which_o give_v life_n unto_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o city_n the_o pomp_n of_o their_o building_n and_o other_o singular_a beauty_n but_o after_o the_o foundation_n and_o increase_n of_o that_o famous_a city_n of_o venice_n the_o say_a trade_n turn_v that_o way_n and_o since_o likewise_o the_o great_a part_n thereof_o do_v come_v into_o england_n spain_n and_o the_o low-countries_n by_o navigation_n direct_o from_o the_o east-indies_n which_o alteration_n in_o the_o traffic_n have_v force_v they_o of_o genova_n to_o change_v their_o course_n of_o trade_n with_o ware_n into_o exchange_v of_o their_o money_n which_o for_o gain_n they_o spread_v not_o only_o into_o divers_a country_n where_o the_o trade_n be_v perform_v with_o merchandise_n but_o more_o especial_o they_o do_v therewith_o serve_v the_o want_n of_o the_o spaniard_n in_o flanders_n and_o other_o place_n for_o their_o war_n whereby_o the_o private_a merchant_n be_v much_o enrich_v but_o the_o public_a treasure_n by_o this_o course_n be_v not_o increase_v and_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o genova_n do_v suffer_v this_o inconvenience_n be_v these_o first_o and_o priucipal_o they_o be_v force_v to_o leave_v those_o trade_n which_o they_o can_v keep_v from_o other_o nation_n who_o have_v better_a mean_n by_o situation_n ware_n ship_n munition_n and_o the_o like_a to_o perform_v these_o affair_n with_o more_o advantage_n than_o they_o be_v able_a to_o do_v second_o they_o proceed_v like_o a_o wife_n state_n who_o still_o retain_v as_o much_o trade_n as_o they_o can_v although_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o procure_v the_o twenty_o part_n of_o that_o which_o they_o have_v for_o have_v few_o or_o no_o material_n of_o their_o own_o to_o employ_v their_o people_n yet_o they_o supply_v this_o want_n by_o the_o fleece-wools_a of_o spain_n and_o raw_a silk_n of_o sicilia_n work_v they_o into_o velvet_n damask_n satin_n wollen-drapery_n and_o other_o manufacture_n three_o whereas_o they_o find_v no_o mean_n in_o their_o own_o country_n to_o employ_v and_o trade_n their_o great_a wealth_n to_o profit_n they_o content_v themselves_o to_o do_v it_o in_o spain_n and_o other_o place_n either_o in_o merchandise_n or_o by_o exchange_v their_o money_n for_o gain_n to_o those_o merchant_n who_o trade_n therewith_o in_o ware_n and_o thus_o wheresoever_o they_o live_v abroad_o for_o a_o time_n circult_v the_o world_n for_o gain_n yet_o in_o the_o end_n the_o centre_n of_o this_o profit_n be_v in_o their_o own_o native_a country_n last_o the_o government_n of_o genova_n be_v aristocracy_n they_o be_v assure_v that_o although_o the_o public_a get_v little_a yet_o if_o their_o private_a merchant_n gain_v much_o from_o stranger_n they_o shall_v do_v well_o enough_o because_o the_o rich_a and_o secure_a treasure_n of_o a_o free_a state_n be_v the_o riches_n of_o the_o nobility_n who_o in_o genova_n be_v merchant_n which_o fall_v not_o out_o so_o in_o a_o monarchy_n where_o between_o the_o come_n in_o of_o a_o prince_n and_o the_o mean_n of_o private_a man_n there_o be_v this_o distinction_n of_o meum_fw-la &_o tuum_fw-la but_o in_fw-la the_o occasion_n and_o danger_n of_o a_o republic_n or_o commonwealth_n where_o liberty_n and_o government_n may_v be_v change_v into_o servitude_n there_o the_o proper_a substance_n of_o private_a man_n be_v the_o public_a treasure_n ready_a to_o be_v spend_v with_o their_o life_n in_o defence_n of_o their_o own_o sovereignty_n to_o the_o twenty_o four_o if_o a_o merchant_n shall_v buy_v ware_n here_o with_o intention_n to_o send_v they_o for_o venice_n and_o then_o value_v they_o as_o the_o exchange_n come_v from_o thence_o to_o london_n he_o may_v find_v himself_o far_o wide_a of_o his_o reckon_n for_o before_o his_o good_n arrive_v at_o venice_n both_o the_o price_n of_o his_o ware_n and_o the_o rate_n of_o the_o exchange_n may_v alter_v very_o much_o but_o if_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o author_n be_v that_o this_o valuation_n may_v be_v make_v after_o the_o good_n arrive_v and_o be_v sell_v at_o venice_n and_o the_o money_n remit_v hither_o by_o exchange_n or_o else_o the_o money_n which_o buy_v the_o say_v ware_n here_o may_v be_v value_v as_o the_o exchange_n pass_v at_o that_o time_n from_o hence_o to_o venice_n be_v not_o all_o this_o very_a common_a and_o easy_a business_n unworthy_a to_o be_v put_v into_o the_o number_n of_o admirable_a feat_n to_o the_o ten_o although_o a_o rich_a prince_n have_v great_a power_n yet_o be_v there_o not_o power_n in_o every_o rich_a prince_n to_o make_v the_o staple_n of_o money_n run_v where_o he_o please_v for_o the_o staple_n of_o any_o thing_n be_v not_o where_o it_o may_v be_v have_v but_o where_o the_o thing_n do_v most_o of_o all_o abound_v whereupon_o we_o common_o say_v that_o the_o spaniard_n in_o regard_n of_o his_o great_a treasure_n in_o the_o west_n indies_n have_v the_o fountain_n or_o staple_n of_o money_n which_o he_o move_v and_o cause_v to_o run_v into_o italy_n germany_n and_o the_o low_a country_n or_o other_o place_n where_o his_o occasion_n do_v require_v it_o either_o for_o peace_n or_o war._n neither_o be_v this_o effect_v by_o any_o singular_a power_n of_o the_o exchange_n but_o by_o divers_a way_n and_o mean_n fit_v those_o place_n where_o the_o money_n be_v to_o be_v employ_v for_o if_o the_o use_v thereof_o be_v upon_o the_o confine_n of_o france_n to_o maintain_v a_o war_n there_o then_o may_v it_o be_v safe_o send_v in_o specie_fw-la on_o carriage_n by_o land_n if_o in_o italy_n on_o galley_n by_o sea_n if_o in_o the_o low-countries_n on_o ship_n by_o sea_n also_o but_o yet_o with_o more_o danger_n in_o regard_n of_o his_o potent_a enemy_n in_o that_o passage_n wherefore_o in_o this_o occasion_n although_o the_o exchange_n be_v not_o absolute_o necessary_a yet_o be_v it_o very_o useful_a and_o because_o the_o spaniard_n want_v of_o gommodity_n from_o germany_n and_o the_o low-countries_n be_v great_a in_o value_n than_o the_o spanish_a ware_n which_o be_v carry_v into_o those_o part_n therefore_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n can_v be_v furnish_v there_o from_o his_o own_o subject_n with_o money_n by_o exchange_n but_o be_v and_o have_v be_v a_o long_a time_n enforce_v to_o carry_v a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o treasure_n in_o galley_n for_o italy_n flanders_n how_o the_o italian_n be_v enable_v to_o furnish_v spain_n with_o money_n in_o flanders_n where_o the_o italian_n and_o among_o they_o the_o merchant_n of_o genova_n especial_o do_v take_v the_o same_o and_o repay_v the_o value_n thereof_o in_o flanders_n whereunto_o they_o be_v enable_v by_o their_o trade_n with_o many_o rich_a commodity_n which_o they_o send_v continual_o out_o of_o italy_n into_o those_o country_n and_o the_o place_n thereabouts_o from_o whence_o the_o italian_n return_v no_o great_a value_n in_o ware_n but_o deliver_v their_o money_n for_o the_o service_n of_o spain_n and_o receive_v the_o value_n by_o exchange_n in_o italy_n out_o of_o the_o spanish_a treasure_n which_o be_v bring_v thither_o in_o galley_n as_o be_v afore-written_a so_o that_o by_o this_o we_o plain_o see_v that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o power_n of_o exchange_n that_o do_v enforce_v treasure_n where_o the_o rich_a prince_n will_v have_v it_o but_o it_o be_v the_o money_n proceed_v of_o ware_n in_o foreign_a trade_n that_o do_v enforce_v the_o exchange_n and_o rule_v the_o price_n thereof_o high_a or_o low_o according_a to_o the_o plenty_n or_o scarcity_n of_o the_o
estate_n they_o seem_v not_o the_o same_o people_n spaniard_n those_o prince_n which_o willing_o support_v the_o dutch_a will_v as_o resolute_o resist_v the_o spaniard_n for_o who_o know_v not_o that_o the_o condition_n of_o those_o province_n be_v mean_a and_o turbulent_a under_o the_o spaniard_n government_n which_o bring_v rather_o a_o great_a charge_n than_o a_o further_a strength_n to_o to_o their_o ambition_n neither_o will_v it_o prove_v over_o difficult_a for_o the_o neighbour_n prince_n in_o short_a time_n to_o reduce_v those_o country_n to_o their_o former_a estate_n again_o if_o their_o own_o safety_n do_v require_v the_o same_o as_o certain_o it_o will_v if_o the_o spaniard_n be_v sole_a lord_n of_o those_o netherlands_o but_o our_o discourse_n tend_v not_o to_o show_v the_o mean_n of_o those_o mutation_n otherwise_o than_o to_o find_v out_o the_o chief_a foundation_n of_o the_o hollander_n wealth_n and_o greatness_n for_o it_o seem_v a_o wonder_n to_o the_o world_n that_o such_o a_o small_a country_n not_o full_o so_o big_a as_o two_o of_o our_o big_a shire_n have_v little_a natural_a wealth_n victual_n timber_n or_o other_o necessary_a ammunition_n either_o for_o war_n or_o peace_n shall_v notwithstanding_o possess_v they_o all_o in_o such_o extraordinary_a plenty_n that_o beside_o their_o own_o want_n which_o be_v very_o great_a they_o can_v and_o do_v likewise_o serve_v and_o sell_v to_o other_o prince_n ship_n ordnance_n cordage_n corn_n powder_n shot_n and_o what_o not_o which_o by_o their_o industrious_a trade_n they_o gather_v from_o all_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o world_n honesty_n much_o policy_n but_o little_a honesty_n in_o which_o course_n they_o be_v not_o less_o injurious_a to_o supplant_v other_o especial_o the_o english_a than_o they_o be_v careful_a to_o strengthen_v themselves_o and_o to_o effect_v this_o and_o more_o than_o have_v be_v say_v which_o be_v their_o war_n with_o spain_n they_o have_v little_a foundation_n beside_o the_o fish_n which_o be_v permit_v they_o in_o his_o majesty_n sea_n be_v indeed_o the_o mean_n of_o a_o incredible_a wealth_n and_o strength_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n as_o robert_n hichcock_n tobias_n gentleman_n and_o other_o have_v publish_v at_o large_a in_o print_n to_o they_o that_o listen_v to_o read_v and_o the_o states-general_n themselves_o in_o their_o proclamation_n have_v ingenious_o set_v out_o the_o worth_a thereof_o in_o these_o word_n follow_v 1624._o part_v of_o the_o state_n proclamation_n date_v in_o the_o hague_n 19_o july_n 1624._o the_o great_a fish_n and_o catch_v of_o herring_n be_v the_o chief_a trade_n and_o principal_a gold_n mine_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n whereby_o many_o thousand_o of_o household_n family_n handicraft_n trade_n and_o occupation_n be_v set_v on_o work_n well_o maintain_v and_o prosper_v especial_o the_o sail_v and_o navigation_n as_o well_o within_o as_o without_o these_o country_n be_v keep_v in_o great_a estimation_n moreover_o many_o return_n of_o money_n with_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o mean_n convoy_n custom_n and_o revenue_n of_o these_o country_n be_v augment_v thereby_o and_o prosper_v with_o other_o word_n follow_v as_o be_v at_o large_a express_v in_o the_o say_a proclamation_n set_v forth_o by_o the_o states-general_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o say_a trade_n of_o fish_v without_o which_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o they_o can_v long_o subsist_v in_o sovereignty_n for_o if_o this_o foundation_n perish_v the_o whole_a building_n of_o their_o wealth_n and_o strength_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n must_v fall_v for_o the_o multitude_n of_o their_o ship_n will_v sudden_o decay_v their_o revenue_n and_o custom_n will_v become_v small_a their_o country_n will_v be_v depopulate_v for_o want_v of_o maintenance_n whereby_o the_o excise_n must_v fail_v and_o all_o their_o other_o trade_n to_o the_o east-indies_n or_o elsewhere_o must_v faint_v so_o that_o the_o glory_n and_o power_n of_o these_o netherlands_o consist_v in_o this_o fish_v of_o herring_n ling_n and_o cod_n in_o his_o majesty_n sea_n it_o rest_v therefore_o to_o know_v what_o right_o or_o title_n they_o have_v thereunto_o and_o how_o they_o be_v able_a to_o possess_v and_o keep_v the_o same_o against_o all_o other_o nation_n the_o answer_n to_o these_o two_o question_n be_v not_o difficult_a for_o first_o it_o be_v not_o the_o netherlandish_a author_n of_o mare_fw-la liberum_fw-la that_o can_v entitle_v they_o to_o fish_n in_o his_o majesty_n sea_n for_o beside_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o cause_n and_o example_n of_o other_o country_n which_o may_v be_v allege_v i_o will_v only_o say_v that_o such_o title_n will_v be_v soon_o decide_v by_o sword_n than_o with_o word_n i_o do_v believe_v indeed_o that_o it_o be_v free_a for_o the_o fish_n to_o come_v thither_o at_o their_o pleasure_n but_o for_o the_o dutch_a to_o carry_v and_o carry_v they_o away_o from_o thence_o without_o his_o majesty_n licence_n i_o harbour_v no_o such_o thought_n there_o may_v be_v good_a policy_n to_o connive_v still_o and_o so_o long_o to_o permit_v they_o this_o fish_n as_o they_o be_v in_o perfect_a league_n with_o england_n and_o in_o war_n with_o spain_n but_o if_o the_o spaniard_n be_v master_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n as_o heretofore_o it_o will_v near_o concern_v these_o kingdom_n to_o claim_v their_o own_o right_n and_o careful_o to_o make_v as_o good_a use_n thereof_o for_o increase_v of_o their_o wealth_n and_o strength_n to_o oppose_v that_o potent_a enemy_n as_o now_o the_o netherlander_n do_v and_o be_v well_o enable_v for_o the_o same_o purpose_n by_o which_o particular_a alone_o they_o be_v ever_o bind_v to_o acknowledge_v their_o strong_a alliance_n with_o england_n above_o all_o other_o nation_n for_o there_o be_v none_o that_o have_v the_o like_a good_a mean_n to_o lend_v they_o such_o a_o powerful_a maintenance_n compare_v fish_v and_o money_n compare_v nor_o be_v it_o possible_a for_o the_o spaniard_n if_o he_o have_v those_o country_n again_o to_o make_v a_o new_a foundation_n with_o the_o power_n of_o his_o money_n to_o increase_v his_o strength_n either_o by_o sea_n or_o land_n to_o offend_v these_o kingdom_n more_o than_o he_o be_v now_o able_a to_o perform_v with_o the_o conveniency_n of_o those_o province_n which_o he_o have_v already_o in_o his_o possession_n for_o it_o be_v not_o the_o place_n but_o the_o employment_n not_o the_o barren_a netherlands_o but_o the_o rich_a fish_n which_o give_v foundation_n trade_n and_o subsistence_n to_o those_o multitude_n of_o ship_n art_n and_o people_n whereby_o also_o the_o excise_n and_o other_o public_a revenue_n be_v continue_v and_o without_o which_o employment_n all_o the_o say_v great_a dependence_n must_v necessary_o disbandon_v and_o fail_v in_o very_o short_a time_n for_o although_o i_o confess_v that_o store_n of_o money_n may_v bring_v they_o material_n which_o they_o altogether_o want_v and_o arts-man_n to_o build_v they_o ship_n yet_o where_o be_v the_o ware_n to_o freight_n and_o maintain_v they_o if_o money_n than_o shall_v be_v the_o only_a mean_n to_o send_v they_o out_o in_o trade_n what_o a_o poor_a number_n of_o ship_n will_v this_o employ_v or_o if_o the_o uncertain_a occasion_n of_o war_n must_v support_v they_o will_v not_o this_o require_v another_o indies_n and_o all_o too_o little_a to_o maintain_v the_o ten_o part_n of_o so_o many_o ship_n and_o man_n as_o the_o hollander_n do_v now_o set_v on_o work_n by_o the_o fish_n and_o other_o trade_n thereon_o depend_v but_o if_o it_o be_v yet_o say_v that_o the_o spaniard_n be_v lord_n of_o all_o those_o netherlands_o his_o expense_n of_o the_o present_a war_n there_o will_v cease_v and_o so_o this_o power_n may_v be_v turn_v upon_o we_o the_o answer_n be_v that_o when_o prince_n send_v great_a force_n abroad_o to_o invade_v other_o they_o must_v likewise_o increase_v their_o charge_n and_o strength_n at_o home_n to_o defend_v themselves_o and_o also_o we_o must_v consider_v that_o if_o the_o spaniard_n will_v attempt_v any_o thing_n upon_o these_o kingdom_n he_o must_v consume_v a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o treasure_n in_o ship_n whereby_o the_o mean_n of_o his_o invade_a power_n of_o money_n and_o man_n to_o land_n will_v be_v much_o less_o than_o now_o it_o be_v in_o the_o low-countries_n nor_o shall_v we_o regard_v they_o but_o be_v ever_o ready_a to_o beard_v they_o when_o our_o wealth_n and_o strength_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n may_v be_v so_o much_o increase_v by_o the_o possession_n and_o practice_n of_o our_o fish_n of_o which_o particular_a i_o will_v yet_o say_v something_o more_o where_o occasion_n shall_v be_v offer_v in_o that_o which_o follow_v and_o here_o in_o this_o place_n i_o will_v only_o add_v that_o if_o the_o spaniard_n be_v sole_a lord_n of_o all_o the_o netherlands_o he_o must_v then_o necessary_o drive_v a_o great_a trade_n by_o sea_n to_o supply_v the_o