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6_o minute_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o sixteen_o parallel_n and_o eight_o climate_n and_o the_o most_o northwardly_a in_o 60_o degree_n 30_o minute_n in_o the_o six_o and_o twenty_o parallel_n or_o thirteen_o clime_n so_o that_o the_o long_a day_n in_o the_o south_n part_n will_v be_v 16_o hour_n in_o the_o northern_a 18_o and_o a_o half_a upon_o the_o north_n and_o south_n it_o point_v to_o the_o ocean_n on_o the_o west_n it_o have_v ireland_n on_o the_o east_n we_o may_v measure_v its_o extent_n by_o the_o continent_n for_o it_o lie_v in_o the_o same_o latitude_n with_o part_n of_o france_n flanders_n zealand_n holland_n lower_n saxony_n and_o denmark_n so_o that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o certain_a rule_n give_v as_o in_o lesser_a kingdom_n of_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n the_o strength_n growth_n or_o proportion_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n it_o be_v now_o as_o it_o be_v when_o the_o roman_n first_o discover_v it_o that_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v many_o nation_n in_o it_o differ_v in_o the_o make_v and_o proportion_n of_o their_o body_n the_o more_o northward_o we_o go_v the_o people_n seem_v to_o be_v sturdy_a big_a make_v and_o in_o their_o limb_n more_o resemble_v the_o german_n hardy_a and_o stout_a and_o enure_v to_o labour_n and_o cold_a and_o to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o the_o dave_n and_o saxon_n in_o the_o latitude_n of_o which_o kingdom_n they_o lie_v the_o southwardly_a part_n contain_v man_n of_o neat_a strength_n and_o more_o compact_a limb_n and_o what_o they_o want_v of_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o other_o they_o make_v out_o in_o their_o quickness_n and_o agility_n be_v hardy_a and_o not_o unwieldy_a have_v not_o less_o strength_n but_o a_o better_a management_n of_o it_o in_o a_o word_n they_o seem_v to_o join_v the_o quick_a and_o brisk_a temper_n of_o the_o french_a with_o the_o staid_a and_o more_o fix_a humour_n of_o the_o german_n and_o as_o the_o people_n differ_v in_o the_o 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of_o that_o nation_n who_o be_v call_v by_o the_o more_o northern_a people_n sasson_n as_o we_o be_v by_o the_o welsh_a 2._o the_o second_o be_v the_o british_a language_n and_o be_v speak_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o north_n and_o south_n wales_n although_o with_o great_a difference_n of_o dialect_n 3._o the_o three_o be_v the_o cornish_a and_o devonshire_n tongue_n differ_v both_o from_o the_o british_a and_o english_a and_o not_o to_o be_v understand_v by_o either_o but_o it_o agree_v most_o with_o the_o british_a but_o especial_o of_o the_o britain_n of_o armorica_n or_o britain_n in_o france_n and_o those_o word_n they_o preserve_v common_a with_o both_o those_o nation_n seem_v to_o retain_v in_o they_o the_o footstep_n of_o the_o most_o ancient_a british_a language_n and_o have_v in_o they_o the_o very_a idiom_n of_o the_o phoenician_n and_o greek_a nation_n 4._o the_o four_o be_v the_o language_n of_o the_o wild_a scot_n and_o differ_v very_o little_a from_o the_o irish_a in_o the_o common_a appellative_a name_n it_o agree_v very_o much_o with_o the_o welsh_a as_o do_v likewise_o the_o irish_a which_o argue_v that_o before_o the_o roman_n and_o afterward_o the_o saxon_n have_v incorporate_v themselves_o in_o this_o island_n the_o language_n of_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v much_o the_o same_o and_o that_o ireland_n be_v rather_o people_v from_o britain_n than_o from_o spain_n as_o some_o have_v imagine_v 5._o the_o five_o be_v the_o language_n of_o the_o orcades_n or_o orkney_n isle_n with_o those_o part_n of_o britain_n that_o shoot_v out_o upon_o they_o there_o be_v speak_v the_o gothic_n or_o danish_a speech_n which_o argue_v they_o to_o have_v be_v former_o subject_v to_o the_o prince_n of_o norway_n it_o be_v a_o rough_a and_o unhewed_a language_n and_o be_v the_o root_n of_o the_o dialect_n speak_v more_o refine_v by_o the_o english_a more_o rough_o by_o the_o dutch_a and_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o upper_a saxony_n and_o denmark_n it_o be_v the_o very_a husk_n of_o the_o teutonick_n the_o whole_a island_n divide_v into_o britannia_n major_n as_o england_n and_o minor_a as_o scotland_n england_n be_v the_o great_a and_o of_o more_o particular_a concern_v to_o our_o present_a discourse_n be_v in_o length_n by_o the_o computation_n of_o some_o ccc_o lxxxvi_o mile_n cluverius_n reckon_v from_o weymouth_n to_o berwick_n upon_o tweed_n ccc_o xx_o or_o lxxx_o german_a mile_n so_o that_o in_o compass_n it_o be_v about_o mccc_o mile_n geogr._n reckon_v the_o creek_n and_o wind_n of_o promontory_n by_o computation_n it_o contain_v thirty_o million_o of_o acre_n and_o be_v the_o three_o hundred_o thirty_o three_o part_n of_o the_o habitable_a world_n almost_o ten_o time_n as_o big_a as_o the_o unite_a netherlands_o and_o be_v to_o france_n as_o 30_o to_o 82._o and_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o extent_n of_o this_o island_n upon_o which_o account_n it_o be_v call_v by_o the_o ancient_n a_o new_a world_n and_o upon_o a_o better_a survey_n of_o it_o the_o great_a island_n as_o for_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n as_o i_o say_v before_o it_o be_v different_a according_a to_o the_o many_o climate_n it_o run_v through_o but_o concern_v the_o southwardly_a part_n of_o it_o or_o britannia_n major_n i_o will_v only_o cite_v some_o impartial_a judge_n first_o caesar_n who_o be_v well_o experience_v in_o the_o nature_n and_o climate_n of_o gaul_n write_v that_o britain_n be_v a_o more_o temperate_a country_n and_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o the_o sharp_a and_o com._n nip_a cold_n of_o the_o continent_n the_o reason_n be_v give_v by_o minutius_n foelix_n namely_o that_o it_o be_v refresh_v by_o the_o warmth_n of_o the_o sea_n flow_v round_o about_o lix_o it_o experience_n teach_v we_o that_o the_o extremity_n of_o cold_a in_o this_o country_n be_v blow_v off_o from_o the_o continent_n and_o proceed_v not_o from_o the_o north_n but_o northeast-wind_n and_o as_o it_o have_v not_o those_o cold_n in_o winter_n it_o be_v not_o burn_v up_o with_o immoderate_a heat_n in_o summer_n here_o be_v none_o of_o those_o violent_a thunder_n and_o lightning_n which_o be_v so_o frequent_a on_o the_o continent_n nor_o do_v we_o ever_o hear_v of_o serenes_n wherewith_o those_o hot_a climate_n be_v infest_a the_o heat_n of_o the_o wether_n be_v allay_v by_o gentle_a wind_n and_o continual_a breeze_n and_o the_o earth_n cool_v and_o nourish_v with_o mild_a and_o moderate_a shower_n tacitus_n speak_v very_o much_o of_o the_o temperate_a and_o happy_a situation_n of_o it_o for_o tacitus_n he_o say_v there_o be_v nothing_o deficient_a in_o it_o but_o the_o olive_n and_o the_o vine_n which_o only_o grow_v in_o hot_a country_n but_o they_o that_o shall_v consider_v it_o more_o true_o namely_o that_o there_o be_v many_o place_n at_o this_o day_n call_v vineyard_n in_o england_n where_o in_o all_o probability_n have_v be_v make_v wine_n will_v have_v small_a cause_n to_o complain_v of_o the_o country_n in_o this_o particular_a but_o will_v rather_o attribute_v it_o to_o the_o cheap_a and_o easy_a importation_n of_o that_o commodity_n and_o better_a improvement_n of_o the_o ground_n but_o it_o be_v a_o great_a wonder_n to_o hear_v what_o one_o brietius_n of_o late_o have_v write_v concern_v brietius_n the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n in_o britain_n which_o because_o it_o be_v the_o production_n of_o his_o own_o brain_n and_o never_o hear_v of_o before_o in_o the_o world_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o mention_v it_o every_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n say_v he_o the_o plague_n rage_v in_o britain_n which_o proceed_v from_o the_o extreme_a heat_n of_o every_o seven_o year_n which_o heat_n be_v far_o great_a the_o three_o seven_o for_o then_o the_o water_n lie_v in_o hole_n putrify_v and_o corrupt_v and_o certain_o cause_v a_o pestilence_n this_o cycle_n of_o one_o
let_v therefore_o the_o case_n of_o brute_n remain_v as_o it_o do_v in_o mr._n cambdens_n day_n to_o be_v decide_v by_o the_o senate_n of_o antiquary_n and_o great_a clerk_n to_o the_o number_n of_o which_o cite_v by_o he_o namely_o be_v boccace_n ludovicus_n vives_n hadrian_n junius_n polidore_n buchanan_n history_n vignier_n genebrad_n molinaeus_n bodine_n who_o all_o reject_v this_o story_n i_o will_v now_o add_v that_o famous_a antiquary_n mr._n selden_n who_o ask_v this_o question_n if_o the_o right_a of_o primogeniture_n invest_v the_o elder_a son_n absolute_o in_o the_o kingdom_n according_a answer_v to_o the_o custom_n of_o troy_n as_o it_o be_v find_v in_o the_o succession_n of_o the_o trojan_a king_n how_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v that_o this_o custom_n be_v not_o bring_v over_o into_o britain_n a_o question_n not_o hitherto_o full_o answer_v no_o not_o by_o mr._n taylour_n author_n of_o the_o history_n of_o gavelkind_n who_o will_v have_v mr._n selden_n to_o be_v in_o jest_n and_o merriment_n when_o he_o demand_v upon_o this_o account_n how_o our_o britain_n claim_n their_o descent_n from_o the_o trojan_n when_o as_o this_o question_n be_v but_o sober_a and_o rational_a and_o have_v true_a reference_n to_o the_o custom_n of_o troy_n where_o the_o elder_a son_n always_o inherit_v the_o entire_a dominion_n of_o his_o father_n which_o by_o many_o of_o the_o british_a king_n be_v not_o observe_v nay_o this_o usage_n of_o troy_n be_v religious_o observe_v by_o the_o successor_n of_o aenaeas_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o latin_n for_o when_o silvius_z posthumus_z and_o julus_n contend_v about_o the_o right_n of_o government_n julus_n be_v utter_o depose_v and_o invest_v only_o with_o the_o priesthood_n and_o there_o be_v no_o thought_n of_o share_v the_o kingdom_n by_o this_o it_o be_v manifest_a mr._n selden_n have_v relation_n to_o the_o custom_n of_o troy_n and_o not_o to_o any_o gavel-kind_n among_o the_o welsh_a and_o now_o i_o will_v proceed_v to_o the_o second_o british_a king_n locrine_n the_o elder_a son_n of_o brute_n begin_v his_o reign_n anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 2874_o over_o this_o part_n of_o the_o island_n since_o call_v england_n which_o portion_n be_v allot_v to_o he_o by_o the_o division_n of_o his_o father_n as_o be_v the_o fair_a parcel_n of_o his_o empire_n during_o his_o reign_n his_o brother_n albanact_n be_v invade_v by_o humber_n king_n of_o the_o hunns_n or_o scythian_n and_o final_o by_o he_o slay_v locrine_n and_o camber_n raise_v force_n to_o revenge_v the_o death_n of_o their_o brother_n and_o so_o march_v into_o the_o north_n to_o seek_v out_o humber_n and_o find_v he_o upon_o the_o border_n of_o scotland_n then_o call_v albania_n they_o give_v he_o battle_n and_o speedy_o vanquish_v he_o so_o as_o himself_o and_o army_n after_o a_o hot_a chase_n be_v drown_v in_o a_o river_n and_o from_o that_o time_n the_o river_n be_v name_v humber_n in_o this_o pursuit_n he_o take_v three_o fair_a lady_n the_o most_o beautiful_a of_o which_o name_v estrild_n a_o scythian_a princess_n he_o most_o dote_v on_o that_o notwithstanding_o a_o former_a contract_n between_o he_o and_o guendolaena_n corinaeus_n his_o daughter_n resolve_v to_o take_v this_o lady_n to_o wife_n but_o the_o power_n and_o authority_n of_o corinaeus_n force_v he_o to_o lay_v aside_o that_o present_a resolution_n so_o that_o marry_v guendolaena_n nevertheless_o private_o enjoy_v his_o belove_a estrild_n keep_v she_o in_o secret_a during_o the_o life_n of_o his_o father_n in_o law_n corinaeus_n which_o he_o perform_v say_v the_o count_n palatine_n by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o vault_n to_o palatine_n which_o under_o pretence_n of_o sacrifice_v to_o the_o infernal_a god_n he_o often_o resort_v no_o soon_o corinaeus_n be_v dead_a but_o he_o own_v she_o for_o his_o queen_n which_o so_o incense_v guendolaena_n that_o although_o locrine_n be_v strengthen_v by_o the_o accession_n of_o cambria_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o his_o brother_n yet_o she_o go_v into_o cornwall_n and_o by_o powerful_a solicitation_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o herself_o and_o young_a son_n madan_n the_o cornish_a be_v bring_v to_o assist_v she_o with_o these_o force_n she_o march_v again_o locrine_n and_o in_o a_o pitch_a battle_n nigh_o the_o river_n stour_n he_o be_v overcome_v and_o slay_v upon_o this_o according_a as_o she_o will_v have_v it_o the_o kingdom_n fall_v to_o she_o son_n madan_n the_o son_n of_o locrine_n by_o guendolaena_n although_o a_o child_n yet_o succeed_v his_o father_n anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 2894._o during_o his_o minority_n his_o mother_n be_v make_v regent_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o she_o administer_v with_o all_o justice_n until_o the_o full_a age_n of_o her_o son_n and_o after_o the_o resignment_n of_o her_o power_n she_o retire_v into_o cornwall_n this_o king_n severity_n in_o put_v the_o law_n in_o execution_n be_v esteem_v a_o tyrant_n and_o after_o he_o have_v reign_v forty_o year_n he_o be_v devour_v with_o wild_a beast_n he_o build_v madancaster_n now_o dancaster_n but_o dancaster_n or_o doncaster_n take_v its_o name_n as_o mr._n cambden_n suppose_v from_o the_o river_n dona_fw-la upon_o which_o it_o stand_v this_o madan_n leave_v two_o son_n behind_o he_o mempricius_n and_o manlius_n mempricius_n the_o elder_a son_n of_o madan_n begin_v his_o reign_n anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la 2949_o over_o the_o whole_a island_n but_o manlius_n his_o young_a brother_n rebel_v against_o he_o to_o suppress_v this_o rebellion_n mempricius_n signify_v a_o desire_n to_o treat_v with_o his_o brother_n who_o consent_v to_o it_o be_v treacherous_o at_o a_o meeting_n murder_v the_o king_n have_v put_v a_o end_n to_o that_o trouble_n wallow_v in_o ease_n and_o luxury_n and_o not_o content_a with_o his_o wife_n and_o concubine_n he_o fall_v to_o horrid_a rape_n and_o at_o last_o to_o unnatural_a sodomy_n but_o in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o all_o be_v slay_v by_o wild_a beast_n after_o his_o government_n have_v last_v about_o 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into_o the_o country_n at_o a_o wood_n name_v calater_n he_o meet_v and_o encounter_v with_o his_o brother_n but_o be_v overcome_v to_o the_o utter_a ruin_n of_o all_o his_o army_n so_o that_o with_o twelve_o only_a of_o his_o retinue_n he_o flee_v into_o gallia_n whether_o this_o be_v his_o first_o or_o second_o voyage_n thither_o be_v uncertain_a where_o he_o find_v kind_a entertainment_n from_o seguinus_n or_o seginus_fw-la king_n of_o armorica_n or_o britain_n whilst_o he_o be_v secure_v his_o interest_n in_o that_o nation_n belinus_n his_o brother_n call_v a_o council_n of_o his_o kingdom_n where_o it_o be_v debate_v what_o proceed_n to_o use_n towards_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n and_o final_o conclude_v that_o he_o shall_v enjoy_v his_o liberty_n upon_o do_v homage_n to_o the_o king_n of_o britain_n and_o pay_v a_o yearly_a tribute_n to_o the_o value_n of_o a_o thousand_o pound_n which_o be_v agree_v to_o by_o that_o king_n sor_n himself_o and_o successor_n he_o be_v honourable_o dismiss_v after_o these_o happy_a success_n belyn_n set_v himself_o to_o the_o finish_n of_o that_o great_a work_n begin_v by_o his_o father_n dunwallo_n the_o make_n and_o pave_v four_o great_a highway_n through_o his_o kingdom_n of_o loegria_n now_o call_v england_n the_o first_o be_v name_v foss_n and_o begin_v at_o the_o corner_n of_o totness_n in_o cornwall_n and_o pass_v through_o devonshire_n and_o somersetshire_n and_o so_o to_o coventry_n leicester_n and_o from_o thence_o as_o ranulph_n a_o monk_n of_o chester_n record_v through_o the_o waste_v to_o newark_n and_o end_v at_o lincoin_n but_o what_o these_o waste_v shall_v be_v mr._n cambden_n be_v at_o a_o monk_n stand_n who_o say_v that_o the_o common_a voice_n be_v that_o it_o go_v full_a north_n through_o notinghamshire_n and_o that_o antonine_n the_o emperor_n seem_v to_o carry_v it_o northwards_o through_o leicestershire_n into_o lincolnshire_n and_o he_o add_v that_o of_o this_o way_n there_o be_v some_o tract_n of_o it_o find_v by_o old_a ruin_n but_o none_o in_o the_o other_o the_o second_o way_n be_v name_v watling_n street_n and_o run_v southeast_n into_o north-east_n and_o cross_v the_o foss._n it_o begin_v at_o dover_n and_o pass_v by_o the_o middle_n of_o kent_n over_o the_o thames_n beside_o london_n by_o west_n of_o westminster_n and_o so_o on_o by_o sr._n alban_n and_o by_o the_o westside_n of_o dunstable_n stratford_n toucester_n and_o wedon_n and_o by_o south_n killingborn_n or_o killebourn_n by_o athriston_n to_o gilbert_n hill_n that_o now_o be_v name_v wrekin_n and_o so_o by_o severn_n pass_v beside_o worcester_n and_o thence_o to_o stratton_n and_o so_o to_o the_o middle_n of_o wales_n to_o a_o place_n call_v cardigan_n on_o the_o irish_a sea_n the_o three_o way_n be_v name_v erm_v street_n this_o go_v from_o west_n north_n west_n unto_o east_n southeast_n and_o begin_v at_o menevia_n at_o st._n david_n in_o wales_n and_o run_v on_o
more_o i_o can_v name_v have_v i_o time_n beside_o many_o usage_n and_o custom_n in_o england_n which_o participate_v of_o both_o language_n alike_o to_o instance_n in_o the_o compound_n of_o javel_n a_o british_a word_n signify_v a_o tenure_n among_o the_o welsh_a we_o find_v gavel-kind_n sand-gavel_a gavel_n oat_n swine-gavel_a and_o many_o other_o why_o therefore_o may_v not_o ludgate_n be_v luds-gate_n although_o it_o have_v both_o language_n mix_v in_o it_o let_v we_o hear_v therefore_o verstegan_n ingenious_a derivation_n ludgate_n say_v he_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v leodgate_n or_o the_o peoples-gate_n leod_n signify_v people_n here_o mr._n sheringham_n ask_v he_o but_o a_o reasonable_a question_n what_o do_v the_o people_n angl._n pass_v only_o through_o this_o gate_n and_o the_o bard_n and_o druid_n through_o the_o other_o only_o and_o i_o may_v demand_v of_o he_o also_o upon_o what_o ground_n he_o suppose_v the_o concourse_n of_o people_n to_o have_v be_v great_a through_o this_o gate_n than_o any_o other_o indeed_o since_o the_o suburb_n have_v be_v build_v and_o increase_v above_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o city_n and_o since_o his_o majesty_n and_o the_o late_a king_n of_o england_n for_o many_o succession_n have_v be_v please_v to_o live_v in_o the_o western_a part_n of_o they_o the_o trade_n by_o necessity_n have_v be_v draw_v into_o these_o quarter_n and_o so_o ludgate_n have_v be_v make_v the_o great_a thoroughfare_a but_o before_o the_o suburb_n be_v build_v or_o before_o they_o be_v bring_v into_o credit_n by_o his_o majesty_n royal_a person_n and_o court_n or_o when_o the_o king_n of_o england_n live_v in_o the_o city_n itself_o how_o come_v ludgate_n to_o be_v the_o gate_n of_o the_o people_n more_o than_o of_o the_o rest_n neither_o be_v lelands_n opinion_n any_o thing_n more_o to_o be_v embrace_v who_o call_v it_o fludgate_n leland_n from_o the_o little_a rivulet_n run_v beneath_o it_o it_o be_v a_o thousand_o pity_n for_o the_o sake_n of_o this_o invention_n that_o the_o gate_n be_v not_o build_v upon_o the_o rivulet_n but_o now_o as_o the_o case_n stand_v this_o most_o miserable_a derivation_n be_v not_o to_o be_v help_v out_o but_o by_o a_o faith_n that_o be_v able_a to_o remove_v mountain_n let_v therefore_o king_n lud_n enjoy_v the_o honour_n of_o that_o structure_n who_o very_a mute_a statue_n as_o mr._n sheringham_n say_v seem_v to_o call_v out_o against_o those_o who_o will_v deprive_v he_o of_o it_o but_o beside_o these_o two_o magnificent_a work_n the_o wall_n and_o the_o gate_n this_o prince_n be_v say_v to_o have_v take_v such_o exceed_a delight_n in_o this_o city_n that_o he_o build_v himself_o a_o palace_n not_o far_o from_o ludgate_n suppose_v by_o some_o to_o have_v be_v in_o the_o place_n where_o the_o bishop_n of_o london_n palace_n stand_v other_o think_v at_o bernard_n castle_n he_o be_v think_v to_o have_v build_v a_o temple_n also_o not_o far_o from_o his_o court_n where_o st._n paul_n cathedral_n afterward_o stand_v and_o by_o these_o great_a work_n and_o his_o continual_a residence_n in_o that_o city_n the_o name_n of_o troy-novant_a be_v change_v into_o london_n or_o lundain_n that_o be_v the_o residency_n of_o king_n lud._n the_o british_a history_n write_v that_o the_o change_v the_o name_n from_o troy-novant_a into_o lundain_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o great_a dissension_n between_o king_n lud_n and_o a_o bold_a commander_n of_o those_o time_n nennius_n who_o eager_o oppose_v this_o innovation_n whereby_o the_o memory_n of_o troy_n which_o so_o long_o bid_v be_v preserve_v will_v be_v utter_o abolish_v but_o this_o story_n be_v very_o much_o suspect_v of_o late_a to_o have_v be_v altogether_o fabulous_a and_o there_o be_v other_o derivation_n give_v of_o the_o name_n of_o that_o most_o famous_a city_n erasmus_n bring_v it_o from_o a_o city_n in_o rhodes_n call_v lindus_n but_o this_o be_v reject_v by_o mr._n brit._n cambden_n who_o in_o the_o place_n of_o it_o put_v down_o two_o conjecture_n the_o first_o be_v that_o see_v the_o britain_n call_v any_o place_n fence_v with_o tree_n a_o town_n or_o city_n which_o they_o express_v by_o the_o word_n lihwn_n that_o this_o city_n by_o way_n of_o excellence_n may_v be_v name_v the_o lihwn_n and_o afterward_o by_o corruption_n london_n but_o the_o second_o be_v more_o probable_a that_o it_o be_v call_v london_n from_o lihong_n signify_v in_o the_o british_a tongue_n a_o ship_n and_o dinas_n in_o the_o same_o language_n a_o city_n so_o that_o it_o be_v as_o much_o as_o the_o city_n of_o ship_n and_o to_o confirm_v this_o opinion_n he_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v call_v ancient_o longidinium_n and_o by_o a_o old_a british_a bard_n lihong-porth_n that_o be_v a_o harbour_n of_o ship_n in_o my_o thought_n this_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o true_a etymology_n of_o that_o most_o honourable_a city_n which_o in_o all_o age_n have_v be_v a_o place_n of_o great_a traffic_n and_o commerce_n with_o the_o whole_a world_n and_o by_o the_o convenience_n of_o its_o situation_n upon_o so_o navigable_a a_o river_n can_v receive_v ship_n of_o great_a burden_n and_o in_o great_a multitude_n so_o that_o the_o mast_n of_o they_o appear_v to_o be_v what_o the_o britain_n call_v llhwun_n namely_o wood_n and_o forest_n as_o concern_v the_o name_n of_o troy-novant_a by_o which_o this_o city_n be_v suppose_v to_o troy-novant_a have_v former_o be_v call_v because_o i_o be_o now_o take_v my_o leave_n of_o the_o british_a history_n and_o be_o come_v to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_n i_o will_v free_o put_v down_o my_o conjecture_n nant_n in_o the_o british_a tongue_n or_o novant_n for_o they_o be_v both_o one_o as_o mr._n cambden_n show_v signify_v a_o valley_n and_o credit_n crispinus_n or_o crack_n a_o city_n and_o both_o take_v from_o the_o cambdeu_n phoenician_n as_o i_o have_v show_v by_o several_a place_n in_o cornwall_n crinovant_n therefore_o be_v as_o much_o as_o the_o city_n of_o the_o valley_n for_o the_o people_n who_o be_v under_o the_o subjection_n of_o this_o city_n live_v low_a upon_o the_o river_n thames_n and_o the_o whole_a region_n in_o a_o manner_n lay_v in_o a_o valley_n so_o that_o they_o may_v be_v suppose_v to_o have_v be_v call_v as_o other_o place_n have_v be_v upon_o the_o same_o account_n noantes_n novantes_fw-la or_o nantuates_n and_o this_o city_n crinovant_n or_o the_o city_n of_o the_o novantes_fw-la the_o similitude_n of_o which_o name_n as_o i_o have_v show_v in_o another_o place_n give_v occasion_n to_o those_o who_o begin_v the_o trojan_a original_a to_o call_v it_o troy-novant_a or_o the_o new-troy_n king_n lud_n after_o he_o have_v reign_v eleven_o year_n and_o be_v inter_v in_o his_o temple_n near_o ludgate_n leave_v behind_o he_o two_o son_n androgeus_n and_o theomantius_fw-la com._n pal._n say_v that_o this_o lud_n be_v surnamed_n immanuentius_n and_o be_v slay_v by_o his_o palat._n brother_n cassibelan_n at_o troy-novant_a and_o that_o his_o elder_a son_n androgeus_n be_v surnamed_n mandubratius_n and_o be_v the_o same_o prince_n of_o the_o trinobantes_n who_o we_o find_v in_o caesar_n commentary_n to_o have_v sle_z into_o gallia_n and_o to_o have_v put_v himself_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o caesar._n of_o this_o mandubratius_n i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o this_o island_n who_o we_o shall_v find_v invade_v it_o in_o the_o next_o king_n reign_n call_v cassibelanus_fw-la and_o see_v now_o we_o be_v come_v to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_a history_n the_o authority_n of_o which_o be_v unquestionable_a i_o shall_v faithful_o collect_v the_o government_n of_o britain_n under_o their_o emperor_n from_o the_o latin_a writer_n themselves_o yet_o not_o altogether_o so_o as_o to_o neglect_v absolute_o the_o british_a history_n in_o the_o live_v of_o their_o king_n and_o the_o circumstance_n of_o their_o government_n this_o i_o do_v because_o that_o the_o history_n of_o the_o roman_n concern_v this_o island_n as_o their_o government_n in_o it_o be_v often_o break_v off_o and_o interrupt_v and_o those_o breach_n be_v supply_v by_o the_o continuance_n of_o the_o british_a succession_n but_o i_o shall_v place_v the_o roman_a history_n in_o the_o first_o place_n as_o infinite_o surpass_v the_o british_a in_o its_o authority_n and_o all_o along_o the_o british_a history_n shall_v be_v set_v under_o it_o as_o attend_v only_o and_o subservient_fw-fr to_o it_o the_o name_n of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n who_o govern_v this_o island_n from_o the_o first_o invasion_n thereof_o by_o julius_n caesar_n until_o it_o be_v quit_v of_o the_o roman_a jurisdiction_n by_o honorius_n immediate_o before_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o a_o catalogue_n of_o the_o lieutenant_n employ_v by_o they_o julius_n caesar_n the_o first_o invader_n of_o the_o britain_n after_o who_o second_a
at_o least_o record_v though_o some_o of_o they_o through_o their_o short_a continuance_n in_o power_n have_v no_o time_n to_o exercise_v it_o so_o far_o off_o and_o this_o be_v all_o i_o intend_v to_o do_v for_o i_o mean_v not_o to_o write_v of_o their_o action_n in_o rome_n syria_n or_o africa_n or_o to_o make_v a_o history_n of_o the_o world_n save_o only_o what_o i_o shall_v speak_v of_o their_o original_a and_o antiquity_n when_o i_o intend_v only_o one_o of_o britain_n nothing_o shall_v be_v record_v but_o what_o have_v some_o relation_n to_o our_o island_n and_o where_o no_o circumstance_n tend_v to_o it_o it_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a the_o emperor_n be_v name_v and_o the_o time_n of_o his_o reign_n second_o another_o motive_n which_o sway_v i_o to_o proceed_v in_o the_o aforesaid_a method_n be_v the_o weight_n of_o precedent_n that_o have_v write_v after_o this_o manner_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o absolute_o necessary_a i_o shall_v name_v they_o nay_o the_o british_a history_n themselves_o have_v all_o along_o hitherto_o make_v the_o presence_n of_o a_o king_n in_o britain_n and_o his_o be_v bear_v here_o a_o necessary_a qualification_n to_o his_o being_n king_n now_o we_o must_v take_v up_o with_o king_n in_o right_a and_o admit_v of_o heliogabulus_n gordianus_n maximine_n etc._n etc._n who_o never_o see_v this_o island_n to_o be_v their_o natural_a or_o rightful_a inheritance_n and_o what_o can_v be_v say_v more_o for_o these_o emperor_n which_o can_v be_v allege_v for_o all_o the_o rest_n for_o allow_v martia_n to_o have_v create_v a_o title_n to_o severus_n and_o his_o son_n must_v heliogabulus_n the_o bastard_n of_o caracalla_n be_v hook_v in_o upon_o the_o same_o score_n and_o must_v alexander_n severus_n be_v create_v another_o of_o his_o bastard_n or_o else_o have_v no_o right_n to_o the_o kingdom_n most_o excellent_a but_o by_o what_o right_o be_v his_o murderer_n maximine_n admit_v king_n because_o say_v basingstoke_n belin_n a_o british_a god_n undertake_v the_o palat._n revenge_n be_v ever_o title_n so_o plain_o demonstrate_v then_o follow_v gordian_n who_o be_v lawful_a king_n of_o britain_n because_o he_o be_v father_n of_o claudius_n from_o who_o proceed_v constantine_n who_o have_v right_o by_o his_o wife_n helena_n so_o that_o we_o see_v the_o grandson_n give_v title_n to_o the_o grandfather_n a_o tenure_n able_a to_o puzzle_v the_o able_a lawyer_n we_o have_v now_o in_o england_n if_o this_o be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v a_o lawful_a king_n of_o eritain_n we_o need_v not_o fear_n even_o in_o their_o sense_n to_o hook-in_a the_o most_o obstinate_a and_o perverse_a emperor_n imaginable_a so_o that_o the_o maintainer_n of_o that_o history_n have_v no_o reason_n to_o find_v fault_n with_o the_o method_n design_v and_o as_o for_o those_o who_o be_v only_o for_o the_o roman_n i_o hope_v they_o will_v not_o account_v it_o impertinent_a and_o beside_o the_o purpose_n to_o give_v a_o short_a account_n if_o it_o be_v no_o more_o of_o the_o emperor_n of_o rome_n macrinus_n reign_v one_o year_n one_o month_n and_o twenty_o eight_o day_n anton._n heliogabulus_n he_o be_v suppose_v the_o bastard_n son_n of_o bassianus_n by_o his_o concubine_n 219._o simiamira_n his_o name_n heliogabulus_n he_o take_v from_o be_v a_o priest_n to_o that_o god_n in_o phoenicia_n for_o heliogabulus_n in_o the_o phoenician_n tongue_n signify_v the_o sun_n or_o jupiter_n as_o lampridius_n witness_v but_o it_o seem_v rather_o to_o have_v be_v the_o sun_n for_o from_o clioun_n in_o the_o phoenician_n tongue_n signify_v lord_n or_o god_n the_o greek_n have_v their_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o the_o sun_n which_o show_v that_o the_o sun_n in_o a_o peculiar_a manner_n be_v the_o god_n of_o the_o phoenician_n lamprid._n when_o he_o come_v to_o rome_n he_o introduce_v that_o barbarous_a custom_n in_o the_o honour_n of_o this_o god_n of_o sacrifice_v of_o infant_n and_o child_n look_v into_o their_o entrail_n to_o 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i_o follow_v assign_v he_o four_o year_n which_o agree_v with_o onuphrius_n onuph_n who_o make_v he_o to_o live_v but_o eighteen_o year_n and_o by_o all_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o he_o come_v to_o the_o empire_n at_o fourteen_o and_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o our_o nation_n be_v allow_v king_n of_o this_o island_n by_o our_o british_a history_n alexander_n severus_n alexander_z be_v the_o son_n of_o varius_n and_o mammea_n sister_n 223._o to_o simiamira_n other_o make_v he_o the_o son_n of_o bassianus_n and_o that_o the_o two_o sister_n simiamira_n and_o mammea_n wait_v on_o their_o aunt_n julia_n the_o empress_n have_v the_o misfortune_n to_o be_v both_o sabellicus_n get_v with_o child_n by_o he_o but_o whether_o he_o be_v the_o brother_n and_o cousin_n german_n of_o heliogabulus_n certain_a it_o be_v he_o have_v no_o alliance_n with_o he_o in_o his_o vicious_a inclination_n be_v a_o learned_a warlike_a and_o fortunate_a prince_n we_o find_v that_o the_o senate_n meet_v together_o in_o the_o temple_n of_o concord_n and_o use_v many_o of_o those_o acclamation_n to_o he_o and_o the_o god_n which_o i_o have_v take_v notice_n of_o in_o the_o life_n of_o commodus_n and_o be_v too_o tedious_a here_o to_o be_v repeat_v it_o be_v think_v that_o he_o make_v a_o expedition_n into_o britain_n and_o lampridius_n say_v he_o be_v slay_v in_o a_o town_n call_v sicila_n but_o whether_o it_o be_v in_o britain_n or_o gaul_n he_o leave_v we_o uncertain_a howbeit_o thus_o much_o we_o find_v in_o the_o same_o author_n of_o his_o action_n in_o this_o island_n when_o he_o have_v give_v unto_o the_o captain_n and_o soldier_n of_o the_o march_n those_o ground_n and_o land_n which_o be_v win_v from_o the_o enemy_n so_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v their_o propriety_n if_o their_o heir_n serve_v as_o soldier_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o revert_v to_o any_o private_a man_n suppose_v they_o will_v go_v to_o the_o war_n more_o willing_o and_o take_v the_o better_a care_n if_o they_o can_v to_o defend_v their_o own_o peculiar_a possession_n note_v these_o word_n well_o say_v mr._n cambden_n from_o hence_o may_v be_v deduce_v either_o a_o kind_n of_o feudum_n or_o fee_n or_o the_o begin_n of_o feud_n before_o his_o death_n a_o druid_n woman_n cry_v out_o to_o he_o in_o the_o gaulish_a tongue_n go_v on_o lampridius_n but_o hope_v not_o for_o victory_n and_o trust_v not_o thy_o soldier_n he_o be_v slay_v by_o some_o of_o his_o own_o army_n at_o the_o instigation_n of_o maximine_n who_o succeed_v he_o and_o the_o cause_n of_o his_o death_n be_v that_o the_o soldier_n grow_v loose_a under_o heliogabulus_n can_v not_o endure_v the_o severity_n of_o discipline_n he_o reign_v according_a to_o lampridius_n thirteen_o year_n and_o nine_o day_n aged_a twenty_o nine_o year_n three_o month_n and_o seven_o day_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 236._o basin_n stoke_v endeavour_v to_o prove_v sicila_n be_v a_o town_n in_o britain_n so_o call_v from_o the_o 3._o british_a prince_n sicilius_n who_o build_v it_o but_o his_o argument_n be_v not_o worth_a repute_v this_o alexander_n severus_n be_v also_o number_v among_o the_o british_a king_n julius_n maximinus_n maximine_n a_o man_n of_o mean_a birth_n but_o of_o prodigious_a strength_n and_o greatness_n prove_v a_o unwieldy_a insolent_a and_o untractable_a 236._o tyrant_n insomuch_o that_o old_a gordianus_n and_o his_o son_n be_v set_v up_o by_o the_o senate_n against_o he_o their_o reign_n be_v but_o short_a for_o capelianus_n governor_n of_o numidia_n and_o mauritania_n more_o out_o of_o private_a hatred_n to_o gordian_a than_o kindness_n to_o maximine_n give_v they_o eattle_n the_o success_n whereof_o be_v that_o young_a gordian_a be_v slay_v his_o father_n out_o of_o grief_n hang_v himself_o this_o gordian_a have_v be_v quaestor_n of_o rome_n and_o among_o many_o of_o his_o magnificent_a show_n
a_o seafaring_a people_n and_o of_o the_o race_n of_o the_o saxon_n but_o they_o who_o shall_v consider_v that_o the_o saxon_n and_o suevian_o be_v of_o the_o same_o original_a and_o ancient_o of_o the_o common_a name_n and_o stock_n of_o the_o cimbri_n by_o which_o general_a appellation_n they_o be_v promiscuous_o call_v by_o the_o ancient_n as_o also_o how_o the_o german_a nation_n be_v always_o shift_a habitation_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o get_v new_a name_n often_o and_o often_o scatter_v the_o same_o name_n on_o divers_a nation_n will_v have_v no_o reason_n to_o doubt_v but_o that_o our_o ancient_a english_a ancestor_n descend_v from_o those_o english_a suevian_o mention_v in_o ptolemy_n who_o have_v long_o wander_v in_o germany_n afterward_o possess_v that_o province_n in_o denmark_n which_o from_o their_o name_n of_o angili_n be_v call_v angulus_n or_o angel_n and_o from_o which_o country_n they_o afterward_o pass_v into_o britain_n see_v therefore_o that_o our_o english_a 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the_o true_a root_n and_o original_a of_o the_o name_n of_o the_o angli_fw-la or_o english_a not_o because_o they_o live_v in_o a_o corner_n of_o the_o world_n or_o in_o that_o nook_n of_o denmark_n but_o because_o that_o part_n of_o the_o suevian_o call_v angli_fw-la may_v possess_v themselves_o of_o narrow_a and_o straight_a passage_n in_o the_o mountainous_a part_n of_o germany_n which_o upon_o that_o account_n may_v be_v call_v angland_n and_o in_o fine_a speech_n england_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n themselves_o anglant_v or_o englants_n that_o be_v in_o the_o teutonick_n as_o much_o as_o the_o possessor_n of_o narrow_a or_o straight_a country_n and_o for_o better_a find_v be_v call_v angili_n by_o ptolemy_n and_o true_a angli_fw-la by_o tacitus_n and_o that_o which_o further_o induce_v i_o to_o believe_v that_o eng_n or_o angelo_fw-mi a_o narrow_a or_o straight_a place_n in_o the_o teutonick_n in_o this_o sense_n be_v the_o true_a original_a of_o the_o angli_fw-la be_v that_o 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solemn_a edict_n proclaim_v that_o the_o whole_a island_n shall_v be_v call_v engelonð_n that_o be_v england_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n englishman_n a_o title_n it_o seem_v so_o much_o affect_v that_o our_o ancestor_n use_v no_o other_o to_o vaunt_v themselves_o with_o while_o our_o enemy_n only_o the_o scotch_a welsh_a and_o irish_a call_v we_o sassous_n the_o reason_n why_o the_o name_n of_o english_a prevail_v above_o those_o of_o saxon_a and_o jute_n seem_v to_o be_v the_o conceit_n man_n have_v of_o something_o extraordinary_a signify_v by_o it_o engel_n in_o all_o teutonick_n dialect_v be_v as_o much_o as_o a_o angel_n and_o e_o in_o englishman_n as_o it_o be_v pronounce_v engelisce_n or_o engelsche_n as_o it_o be_v write_v signify_v word_n for_o word_n a_o angel-like-man_n upon_o this_o account_n perhaps_o our_o ancestor_n be_v fond_a of_o this_o title_n which_o be_v not_o extraordinary_a to_o be_v suppose_v consider_v that_o the_o like_a have_v happen_v in_o other_o nation_n 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the_o want_n of_o that_o merit_n by_o which_o he_o former_o hold_v secure_v from_o selfconfidence_n he_o grow_v jealous_a of_o his_o power_n and_o fear_v that_o kineard_n brother_n of_o sigibert_n the_o former_a king_n a_o man_n of_o great_a spirit_n but_o who_o hitherto_o have_v behave_v himself_o loyal_a may_v at_o last_o revenge_v his_o brother_n expulsion_n or_o usurp_v after_o his_o death_n he_o command_v he_o to_o banishment_n kineard_n seem_v real_o to_o obey_v yet_o intend_v nothing_o less_o with_o a_o small_a retinue_n private_o hide_v himself_o in_o the_o neighbour_a country_n watch_v a_o opportunity_n of_o revenge_n which_o he_o want_v not_o long_o for_o the_o king_n resort_v as_o his_o custom_n be_v with_o a_o small_a attendance_n to_o a_o lady_n house_n of_o merton_n in_o surry_n who_o he_o much_o admire_v he_o go_v by_o night_n and_o beset_v the_o place_n kinwulf_n first_o by_o persuasion_n from_o the_o window_n seek_v to_o appease_v the_o assailant_n but_o that_o not_o 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but_o after_o three_o year_n birthric_n be_v poison_v by_o a_o draught_n which_o edelburga_n have_v prepare_v for_o other_o egbert_n be_v by_o public_a voice_n recall_v from_o banishment_n and_o with_o universal_a joy_n create_v king_n but_o a_o further_a account_n of_o his_o action_n as_o the_o first_o sole_a monarch_n of_o england_n i_o shall_v leave_v to_o be_v treat_v on_o in_o the_o second_o part_n if_o god_n lengthen_v my_o day_n and_o this_o work_n be_v kind_o receive_v edelburga_n fear_v to_o be_v call_v to_o a_o account_n for_o what_o she_o have_v do_v with_o as_o much_o treasure_n as_o she_o can_v get_v together_o fly_v beyond_o sea_n and_o receive_v by_o charles_n the_o great_a be_v create_v abbess_n but_o afterward_o detect_v of_o unchastity_n be_v drive_v from_o her_o charge_n and_o wander_v about_o the_o world_n unpitied_a die_v at_o last_o in_o extreme_a poverty_n in_o pavia_n in_o italy_n elenchus_n capitum_fw-la the_o description_n of_o the_o renown_a island_n of_o britain_n in_o general_n page_n 1_o the_o language_n in_o britain_n 4_o the_o first_o inhabitant_n of_o britain_n 7_o the_o map_n of_o the_o old_a world_n show_v the_o progress_n of_o the_o cimbri_n phoenician_n and_o greek_n into_o britain_n 16_o the_o explication_n of_o that_o map_n show_v the_o ancient_a name_n of_o kingdom_n island_n havens_n city_n etc._n etc._n as_o well_o those_o express_v in_o the_o forego_n map_n as_o other_o which_o in_o that_o narrow_a compass_n can_v not_o be_v set_v down_o gather_v out_o of_o the_o phoenician_n tongue_n all_o which_o to_o prove_v the_o ancient_a name_n of_o britain_n 17_o place_n which_o take_v their_o name_n from_o god_n or_o some_o sacred_a rite_n eminent_o practise_v in_o they_o 22_o all_o ancient_a city_n in_o spain_n take_v their_o name_n from_o baal_n 23_o place_n take_v their_o ancient_a name_n from_o the_o habit_n nature_n manner_n and_o art_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n 23_o whether_o the_o first_o planter_n of_o this_o island_n come_v by_o sea_n or_o land_n and_o whether_o britain_n be_v ever_o part_n of_o the_o continent_n 25_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o north-sea_n from_o the_o foreland_n 34_o when_o britain_n be_v first_o know_v to_o the_o phoenician_n and_o how_o it_o take_v its_o name_n from_o they_o 38_o that_o the_o island_n of_o scilly_n be_v the_o cassideride_n of_o the_o ancient_n 40_o the_o time_n when_o the_o phoenician_n come_v from_o tyre_n and_o zidon_n their_o own_o native_a country_n to_o discover_v britain_n 47_o name_n of_o office_n and_o god_n in_o britain_n and_o gaul_n of_o phoenician_n derivation_n 68_o the_o antiquity_n and_o original_a of_o the_o phoenician_n 71_o the_o greek_n in_o britain_n p._n 74_o the_o land_v place_n of_o the_o grecian_n 81_o the_o antiquity_n and_o original_a of_o the_o greek_n 91_o the_o custom_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o britain_n their_o law_n and_o government_n 99_o a_o sculpture_n of_o a_o druid_n priest_n in_o britain_n 101_o a_o sculpture_n of_o the_o wicker-image_n represent_v the_o manner_n of_o burn_v of_o man_n alive_a in_o sacrifice_n in_o britain_n 105_o the_o sculpture_n of_o a_o ancient_a britain_n represent_v the_o habit_n of_o the_o people_n in_o those_o time_n 117_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o britain_n in_o their_o war_n and_o their_o manner_n of_o fight_v 119_o the_o sculpture_n of_o their_o chariot_n in_o war_n represent_v the_o manner_n of_o their_o fight_n against_o the_o roman_n 122_o the_o british_a idolatry_n their_o several_a god_n and_o superstitious_a rite_n and_o ceremony_n of_o worship_n 125_o the_o sculpture_n of_o hesus_n alias_o mars_n show_v another_o manner_n of_o the_o british_a sacrifice_n 128_o a_o sculpture_n of_o the_o hieroglyphic_n shewthe_v worship_n of_o the_o britain_n 130_o the_o sculpture_n of_o the_o phoenician_n ogmius_n and_o the_o first_o phoenician_n that_o discover_v this_o island_n after_o it_o be_v plant_v by_o the_o cimbri_n of_o germany_n 139_o the_o life_n of_o the_o phoenician_n hercules_n call_v by_o the_o britain_n ogmius_n 141_o the_o king_n of_o this_o island_n from_o samothe_n to_o brute_n 145_o the_o british_a king_n from_o brute_n to_o the_o roman_n 146_o the_o chronicle_n of_o the_o celtic_a king_n rule_v this_o island_n 147_o the_o chronicle_n of_o the_o british_a king_n with_o the_o history_n of_o brute_n 153_o observation_n upon_o brutus_n history_n p._n 158_o the_o chronicle_n from_o king_n silvius_n who_o descend_v from_o the_o king_n of_o alba_n 167_o the_o genealogy_n of_o king_n silvius_n 169_o the_o name_n of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n who_o govern_v this_o island_n from_o julius_n caesar_n to_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o saxon_n 183_o the_o sculpture_n of_o julius_n caesar_n 184_o the_o first_o invasion_n of_o julius_n caesar_n 185_o the_o british_a history_n relate_v to_o the_o first_o invasion_n by_o julius_n caesar_n 193_o julius_n caesar_n second_o expedition_n