in_o arbitrio_fw-la judicis_fw-la whether_o to_o grant_v a_o conjunct_a probation_n before_o answer_v to_o the_o relevancy_n of_o the_o reason_n of_o adjudication_n or_o to_o discuss_v the_o relevancy_n first_o and_o then_o to_o admit_v the_o point_n find_v relevant_a to_o probation_n but_o in_o the_o other_o way_n witness_n be_v adduce_v for_o either_o party_n yet_o this_o be_v only_o ex_fw-la nobili_fw-la officio_fw-la the_o lord_n remit_v the_o cause_n to_o the_o admiral_n and_o ordain_v he_o to_o proceed_v to_o discuss_v the_o relevancy_n there_o be_v pregnant_a ground_n of_o adjudication_n instant_o verify_v june_n 12._o 1673._o and_o upon_o his_o refusal_n they_o do_v advocate_n the_o cause_n to_o themselves_o they_o do_v also_o ordain_v the_o admiral_n to_o proceed_v upon_o the_o evidence_n adduce_v to_o adjudge_v or_o assoilzie_n without_o allow_v a_o conjunct_a probation_n before_o answer_n and_o declare_v that_o if_o he_o proceed_v not_o according_o they_o will_v advocate_n the_o cause_n albeit_o the_o danish_a treaty_n bear_v that_o their_o ship_n shall_v not_o be_v meddle_v with_o or_o their_o good_n disload_v till_o they_o be_v adjudge_v in_o a_o court_n of_o admiralty_n for_o the_o lord_n be_v the_o king_n great_a court_n of_o admiralty_n in_o the_o same_o way_n as_o his_o commissioner_n in_o england_n be_v judge_n in_o the_o second_o instance_n of_o pryze_n bring_v before_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n december_n 17._o 1673._o captain_n stuart_n contra_fw-la the_o owner_n of_o the_o danish_a ship_n call_v the_o seal_n fish_n when_o question_n concern_v prize_n come_v before_o the_o lord_n they_o do_v not_o exclude_v the_o defence_n of_o stranger_n as_o be_v competent_a and_o omit_v in_o the_o first_o instance_n though_o that_o be_v a_o rule_n by_o our_o custom_n but_o do_v proceed_v according_a to_o the_o common_a law_n of_o nation_n and_o so_o they_o decide_v july_n 23._o 1667._o hans_n jurgan_n contra_fw-la captain_n logan_n which_o be_v the_o first_o case_n occur_v in_o that_o question_n and_o be_v always_o follow_v after_o the_o rule_n by_o which_o the_o lord_n have_v always_o proceed_v in_o the_o matter_n of_o pryze_n have_v be_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o nation_n and_o therefore_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o admiral_n commission_n be_v not_o find_v to_o be_v the_o rule_n february_n 21._o 1668._o bartholomew_n parkman_n contra_fw-la captain_n allan_n the_o treaty_n betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o his_o ally_n in_o so_o far_o as_o they_o differ_v from_o the_o common_a law_n of_o nation_n have_v always_o be_v allow_v by_o the_o lord_n as_o exception_n from_o that_o general_a rule_n and_o good_a defence_n to_o the_o people_n comprehend_v in_o these_o treaty_n in_o dubious_a case_n the_o lord_n have_v proceed_v by_o the_o king_n instruction_n ordinary_o adhibit_v to_o the_o admirality_n of_o all_o his_o kingdom_n that_o they_o may_v keep_v one_o uniform_a rule_n with_o stranger_n in_o which_o not_o only_a respect_n have_v be_v have_v unto_o justice_n but_o even_o favour_n towards_o ally_n and_o policy_n and_o prudence_n towards_o all_o newter_n that_o none_o of_o they_o may_v receive_v irritation_n by_o the_o extension_n of_o justice_n in_o savourable_a case_n 〈◊〉_d the_o ground_n of_o justice_n for_o confiscate_v the_o ship_n of_o those_o who_o be_v not_o enemy_n be_v that_o they_o have_v assist_v the_o enemy_n in_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n and_o thereby_o become_v accessory_n to_o the_o war_n and_o by_o that_o delinquence_n do_v confiscate_v the_o ship_n and_o the_o load_n by_o which_o they_o have_v have_v accession_n for_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o nation_n have_v very_o fit_o restrict_v the_o reparation_n of_o this_o delinquence_n so_o as_o not_o to_o state_n the_o party_n offender_n as_o enemy_n and_o thereby_o to_o make_v all_o their_o good_n confiscable_a as_o enemy_n good_n but_o do_v limit_v the_o same_o to_o these_o ship_n in_o which_o the_o concourse_n be_v act_v ifthey_a be_v seize_v in_o that_o voyage_n in_o which_o they_o give_v assistance_n or_o in_o the_o immediate_a return_n engagement_n in_o war_n by_o prince_n and_o state_n can_v just_o hinder_v the_o free_a trade_n of_o other_o people_n upon_o who_o neither_o party_n have_v either_o obligation_n or_o jurisdiction_n but_o the_o common_a consent_n and_o custom_n of_o nation_n require_v a_o equality_n and_o neutrality_n in_o all_o other_o party_n that_o they_o concur_v not_o in_o the_o war_n with_o either_o party_n forbear_v assistance_n in_o the_o war_n which_o be_v by_o furnish_v they_o man_n instrument_n of_o war_n material_n special_o requisite_a for_o the_o present_a war_n money_n furnish_v for_o public_a use_n and_o in_o some_o case_n victual_v as_o when_o carry_v to_o place_n besiege_v and_o other_o thing_n which_o have_v promiscuous_a use_n in_o peace_n and_o war_n when_o there_o be_v a_o special_a application_n there_o of_o to_o the_o necessary_a use_n of_o the_o war_n as_o iron_n brass_n leid_n pitch_n tar_n and_o the_o like_a which_o be_v therefore_o call_v counterband-goods_a or_o prohibit-goods_a and_o by_o the_o denunciation_n of_o war_n intimation_n be_v ordinary_o make_v to_o newter_n from_o what_o thing_n to_o abstain_v as_o from_o carry_v of_o counterband-goods_a towards_o enemy_n port_n or_o carry_v the_o good_n and_o ware_n of_o enemy_n whereby_o their_o trade_n be_v promote_v and_o they_o enable_v to_o maintain_v the_o war_n or_o by_o carry_v on_o their_o trade_n under_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o neuter_n and_o therefore_o in_o time_n of_o war_n neuter_n do_v instruct_v their_o vessel_n with_o pass_n and_o other_o document_n instruct_v that_o the_o bottom_n and_o good_n belong_v to_o their_o subject_n freeman_n and_o that_o the_o party_n engage_v in_o the_o war_n or_o any_o of_o their_o subject_n have_v no_o interest_n therein_o which_o pass_n be_v upon_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o ship_n or_o master_n thereof_o and_o those_o who_o embark_v the_o load_n and_o where_o there_o be_v any_o treaty_n the_o formula_fw-la of_o such_o pass_n use_v to_o be_v express_v always_o include_v a_o oath_n and_o be_v give_v by_o such_o magistrate_n as_o be_v agree_v upon_o first_o then_o see_v the_o accession_n of_o neuter_n be_v a_o delinquence_n it_o can_v have_v no_o place_n where_o there_o be_v not_o a_o public_a denunce_v war_n which_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v know_v to_o the_o delinquent_n and_o therefore_o the_o ship_n and_o good_n belong_v to_o neuter_n be_v not_o find_v prize_n because_o carry_v counterband-goods_a towards_o the_o enemy_n port_n unless_o the_o war_n have_v be_v nottour_o know_v at_o the_o place_n where_o they_o loose_v at_o the_o time_n when_o they_o loose_v and_o act_n of_o hostility_n and_o declare_v of_o prize_n in_o neighbour_a place_n be_v not_o find_v sufficient_a july_n 22._o 1667._o hans_n jurgan_n contra_fw-la captain_n logan_n the_o like_a be_v find_v of_o a_o ship_n of_o hamburg_n carry_v counterband-goods_a to_o danish_a port_n after_o act_n of_o hostility_n betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o the_o dane_n because_o the_o ship_n be_v take_v before_o the_o proclamation_n of_o the_o war_n against_o the_o dane_n february_n 25._o 1668._o merchant_n of_o hamburg_n contra_fw-la captain_n dishingtoun_n if_o ship_n have_v in_o they_o counterband-goods_a they_o may_v be_v bring_v up_o if_o the_o port_n be_v not_o express_v upon_o oath_n and_o be_v a_o free_a port_n or_o be_v contradict_v by_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o skipper_n and_o company_n which_o infer_v a_o full_a probation_n in_o case_n they_o acknowledge_v a_o unfree_a port_n and_o a_o presumptive_a probation_n in_o case_n the_o pass_n bear_v not_o a_o free_a port_n yet_o it_o admit_v a_o contrary_a probation_n for_o prove_v of_o the_o true_a port_n january_n 21._o 1673._o hendrick_n anderson_n master_n of_o the_o sun_n of_o dantzick_n contra_fw-la captain_n dowglas_n the_o like_a be_v find_v where_o the_o pass_v make_v the_o port_n uncertain_a and_o ambiguous_a bear_v london_z to_o be_v the_o port_n but_o a_o great_a fraught_n promise_v if_o the_o ship_n be_v bring_v up_o into_o holland_n which_o be_v find_v to_o be_v elide_v by_o a_o positive_a contrair_a probation_n february_n 19_o 1673._o the_o owner_n of_o the_o palmtree_n and_o patience_n contra_fw-la captain_n atchison_n among_o counterband_n pitch_n and_o tar_n be_v find_v comprehend_v july_n 9_o 1668._o captain_n allan_n contra_fw-la bartholomew_n parkman_n timber_n proper_a for_o ship_n as_o mast_n etc._n etc._n be_v unquestionable_o counterband_n but_o timber_n of_o promiscuous_a use_n be_v not_o counterband_n except_o in_o special_a case_n for_o the_o peculiar_a use_n of_o the_o war._n there_o be_v a_o particular_a article_n in_o the_o first_o treaty_n betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o the_o swede_n by_o which_o it_o be_v declare_v that_o in_o regard_n the_o most_o of_o the_o material_n of_o the_o swedish_n trade_n be_v pitch_n tar_n 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n
direct_v infer_v confiscation_n in_o this_o case_n there_o be_v no_o counterband_n good_n aboard_o so_o that_o though_o the_o true_a port_n have_v be_v the_o enemy_n port_n it_o will_v not_o have_v infer_v confiscation_n january_n 21._o 1673._o hendrick_n anderson_n master_n of_o the_o sun_n of_o dantzick_n contra_fw-la captain_n dowglas_n the_o like_a be_v find_v the_o 19_o of_o february_n 1673._o the_o owner_n of_o the_o palmtree_n and_o patience_n contra_fw-la captain_n atchison_n and_o upon_o the_o 27._o of_o february_n 1673._o the_o owner_n of_o the_o king_n david_n contra_fw-la captain_n donaldson_n where_o a_o swedish_n ship_n want_v a_o pass_n conform_v to_o the_o swedish_n formula_fw-la and_o not_o be_v upon_o oath_n though_o these_o be_v find_v presumptive_a probation_n of_o the_o interest_n of_o enemy_n yet_o not_o so_o pregnant_a as_o to_o exclude_v a_o contrary_a positive_a probation_n that_o the_o property_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o good_n belong_v to_o freeman_n and_o the_o not_o express_v the_o port_n in_o the_o pass_n of_o a_o swedish_n ship_n be_v not_o find_v so_o to_o infer_v the_o good_n to_o belong_v to_o enemy_n but_o that_o it_o admit_v a_o contrary_a probation_n that_o the_o ship_n and_o load_v belong_v to_o free_a man_n and_o because_o the_o load_n be_v pitch_n and_o tarr_n which_o be_v counterband_n the_o not_o express_v the_o port_n be_v essential_a as_o to_o counterband_n will_v have_v confiscate_v the_o ship_n and_o load_n unless_o it_o have_v be_v secure_v by_o the_o swedish_n treaty_n declare_v pitch_n and_o tar_n and_o other_o be_v the_o growth_n of_o sweden_n not_o to_o be_v counterband_n february_n 28._o 1673._o the_o master_n of_o the_o st._n peter_n of_o stoad_n contra_fw-la captain_n stewart_n pass_n for_o ship_n in_o time_n of_o war_n must_v be_v renew_v for_o every_o voyage_n and_o can_v otherways_o express_v the_o kind_n and_o quantity_n of_o the_o cargo_n which_o be_v sustain_v as_o one_o of_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o adjudication_n of_o the_o ship_n call_v the_o elsinburgle_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o captain_n dowglas_n decide_v july_n 18._o 1673._o yet_o a_o ship_n be_v not_o find_v prize_n as_o want_v a_o pass_n for_o the_o present_a voyage_n in_o respect_n she_o have_v louse_v at_o nantz_n and_o have_v there_o a_o particular_a pass_n she_o be_v force_v in_o to_o england_n by_o stress_n of_o wether_n and_o there_o sell_v her_o load_n and_o go_v back_o to_o nantz_n and_o take_v in_o the_o like_o load_v for_o the_o same_o owner_n and_o port_n and_o therefore_o alter_v not_o the_o first_o pass_n june_n 17._o 1673._o captain_n donaldson_n contra_fw-la master_n of_o the_o deborah_n it_o be_v likewise_o most_o necessary_a that_o pass_v be_v true_o grant_v upon_o oath_n make_v which_o be_v the_o great_a security_n against_o colourable_a document_n and_o therefore_o be_v sustain_v as_o one_o of_o the_o ground_n of_o adjudication_n of_o the_o ship_n calledth_n 〈◊〉_d st._n marry_o that_o the_o master_n by_o his_o oath_n acknowledge_v that_o he_o have_v not_o make_v faith_n as_o the_o pass_n bear_v as_o be_v find_v june_n 25._o 1673._o and_o upon_o that_o reason_n a_o ship_n be_v find_v prize_n in_o which_o case_n also_o one_o witness_v depone_v that_o paper_n be_v throw_v overboard_o july_n 9_o 1673._o captain_n gilles_n contra_fw-la the_o owner_n of_o the_o bounder_n double_a document_n infer_v confiscation_n but_o that_o be_v chief_o understand_v when_o the_o document_n be_v contrary_a in_o material_a point_n but_o where_o there_o be_v one_o pass_v from_o the_o college_n of_o commerce_n and_o another_o from_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n have_v some_o contrariety_n but_o not_o in_o material_a point_n the_o same_o be_v not_o find_v to_o make_v the_o ship_n prize_n june_n 13._o 1673._o captain_n winchester_n contra_fw-la the_o owner_n of_o the_o st._n andrew_n the_o throw_v of_o paper_n overboard_o or_o destroy_v the_o same_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o captur_n be_v a_o most_o pregnant_a ground_n of_o confiscation_n for_o thence_o it_o be_v presume_v that_o these_o paper_n will_v have_v instruct_v the_o property_n to_o belong_v to_o enemy_n and_o therefore_o be_v prove_v but_o by_o one_o witness_n it_o put_v the_o burden_n of_o probation_n upon_o the_o stranger_n that_o the_o ship_n and_o load_v belong_v to_o free_a man_n february_n 28._o 1673._o the_o master_n of_o the_o white_a dove_n contra_fw-la captain_n alexander_n regard_n be_v also_o have_v to_o the_o same_o though_o but_o prove_v by_o one_o witness_n in_o the_o confiscation_n of_o the_o bounder_n july_n 9_o 1673._o and_o if_o there_o be_v concur_v witness_n in_o this_o point_n it_o will_v infer_v praesumptionem_fw-la juris_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr jure_fw-la not_o admit_v contrair_a probation_n ship_n have_v ofttimes_o be_v find_v prize_n by_o the_o concourse_n of_o several_a evidence_n of_o a_o contrivance_n under_o colourable_a document_n and_o therefore_o a_o ship_n be_v find_v prize_n because_o the_o pass_n do_v not_o mention_v the_o port_n which_o a_o toll-breif_a bear_v to_o be_v breme_n and_o the_o master_n by_o his_o oath_n acknowledge_v the_o port_n to_o be_v amsterdam_n and_o that_o the_o owner_n be_v other_o person_n than_o be_v express_v in_o the_o pass_n and_o that_o the_o master_n reside_v in_o holland_n though_o the_o pass_n bear_v he_o to_o to_o be_v a_o burgess_n in_o dantzick_n against_o which_o a_o contrary_a probation_n be_v not_o admit_v january_n 23._o 1673._o the_o owner_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o dantzick_n contra_fw-la captain_n lion_n a_o ship_n be_v also_o confiscate_v because_o the_o master_n and_o steersman_n depone_v that_o they_o know_v not_o to_o who_o the_o good_n belong_v but_o that_o they_o have_v order_n from_o a_o merchant_n in_o amsterdam_n to_o consign_v they_o in_o the_o pack-house_n of_o stockholme_n to_o be_v deliver_v to_o such_o person_n as_o shall_v show_v such_o mark_n july_n 10._o 1673._o captain_n frazer_n contra_fw-la master_n of_o the_o fly_a heart_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n the_o fortune_n of_o trailsoundt_fw-mi be_v find_v prize_n july_n 22._o 1673._o because_o it_o be_v acknowledge_v upon_o oath_n that_o if_o the_o ship_n be_v take_v by_o hollander_n the_o company_n shall_v depone_v the_o good_n belong_v to_o the_o tarr_n company_n in_o stockholme_n as_o the_o pass_n bear_v and_o if_o it_o come_v safe_a to_o scotland_n or_o england_n they_o shall_v declare_v the_o same_o belong_v to_o samuel_n souton_n a_o english_a man_n reside_v in_o sweden_n albeit_o a_o part_n of_o ship_n or_o load_n be_v find_v to_o belong_v to_o enemy_n and_o that_o thereby_o the_o whole_a become_v prize_n as_o be_v partner_n with_o the_o enemy_n in_o carry_v on_o their_o trade_n yet_o these_o who_o can_v show_v that_o they_o be_v in_o a_o invincible_a ignorance_n of_o the_o interest_n of_o a_o enemy_n and_o do_v all_o that_o they_o can_v do_v to_o secure_v against_o the_o same_o by_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o whole_a ship_n and_o load_n that_o the_o property_n belong_v to_o themselves_o and_o no_o part_n thereof_o to_o a_o enemy_n it_o will_v take_v off_o the_o delinquence_n of_o that_o party_n and_o preserve_v their_o interest_n which_o be_v never_o plead_v during_o these_o war_n but_o by_o some_o of_o the_o king_n subject_n as_o in_o the_o first_o war_n the_o king_n have_v by_o his_o proclamation_n warrant_v all_o ship_n even_o from_o enemy_n to_o be_v employ_v for_o bring_v timber_n for_o the_o rebuild_n of_o london_n a_o great_a part_n whereof_o be_v then_o late_o burn_v certificat_o and_o pass_n be_v always_o have_v from_o the_o duke_n of_o york_n lord_n high_a admiral_n of_o england_n whereupon_o john_n dyssone_n merchant_n at_o london_n fraught_v a_o ship_n of_o norway_n whereof_o booz_n neilson_n be_v master_n call_v the_o raphel_n to_o import_n to_o london_n six_o thousand_o dail_n board_n the_o ship_n in_o her_o voyage_n to_o london_n be_v take_v by_o captain_n wood_n and_o the_o whole_a ship_n and_o load_v adjudge_v as_o prize_n which_o be_v bring_v before_o the_o lord_n by_o reduction_n they_o find_v that_o the_o ship_n and_o load_n become_v prize_n because_o there_o be_v find_v aboard_o fifteen_o hundred_o dail_n belong_v to_o the_o owner_n or_o company_n who_o then_o be_v in_o enmity_n in_o the_o danish_a war_n and_o yet_o the_o six_o thousand_o dail_n belong_v to_o the_o london_n merchant_n who_o have_v contract_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la by_o the_o king_n proclamation_n do_v not_o become_v prize_n with_o the_o ship_n as_o be_v decide_v july_n 13._o 1669._o for_o the_o london_n merchant_n not_o be_v the_o place_n of_o embarque_a can_v not_o know_v whether_o there_o be_v more_o enter_v than_o the_o dail_v he_o fraught_v or_o whether_o the_o owner_n give_v true_o a_o oath_n upon_o the_o property_n and_o quantity_n of_o the_o load_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n sir_n francis_n
the_o institution_n of_o the_o law_n of_o scotland_n deduce_v from_o its_o original_n and_o collate_v with_o the_o civil_a canon_n and_o feudal-law_n and_o with_o the_o custom_n of_o neighbour_a nation_n the_o first_o part_n by_o sir_n james_n dalrymple_n of_o stair_n precedent_n of_o the_o session_n edinburgh_n print_v by_o the_o heir_n of_o andrew_n anderson_n printer_n to_o his_o most_o sacred_a majesty_n anno_fw-la dom._n 1681._o to_z the_o king_n may_v it_o please_v your_o majesty_n i_o do_v humble_o present_a to_o your_o majesty_n a_o summary_n of_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o your_o ancient_a kingdom_n of_o scotland_n which_o can_v be_v no_o where_o so_o fit_o place_v as_o under_o the_o ray_n of_o your_o royal_a protection_n i_o be_o confident_a it_o will_v tend_v to_o the_o honour_n and_o renoun_n of_o your_o majesty_n and_o your_o princely_a progenitor_n that_o you_o have_v govern_v this_o nation_n so_o long_o and_o so_o happy_o by_o such_o just_a and_o convenient_a law_n which_o be_v here_o offer_v to_o the_o view_n of_o the_o world_n in_o a_o plain_a rational_a and_o natural_a method_n in_o which_o material_a justice_n the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o world_n be_v in_o the_o first_o place_n orderly_o deduce_v from_o self_n evident_a principle_n through_o all_o the_o several_a private_a right_n thence_o arise_v and_o in_o the_o next_o place_n the_o expedient_n of_o the_o most_o polite_a nation_n for_o ascertain_v and_o expede_v the_o right_n and_o interest_n of_o mankind_n be_v apply_v in_o their_o proper_a place_n especial_o these_o which_o have_v be_v invent_v or_o follow_v by_o this_o nation_n so_o that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o what_o be_v here_o offer_v be_v common_a to_o most_o civil_a nation_n and_o be_v not_o like_a to_o be_v displease_v to_o the_o judicious_a and_o sober_a any_o where_o who_o dote_v not_o so_o much_o upon_o their_o own_o custom_n as_o to_o think_v that_o none_o else_o be_v worthy_a of_o their_o notice_n there_o be_v not_o 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judicial_a law_n contain_v therein_o the_o civil_a canon_n and_o feudal_n law_n and_o many_o custom_n of_o the_o neighbour_a nation_n digest_v as_o they_o fall_v in_o with_o the_o common_a rule_n of_o justice_n may_v probable_o be_v acceptable_a to_o these_o who_o may_v and_o will_v allow_v time_n for_o their_o perusal_n a_o quaint_a and_o glide_a style_n much_o less_o the_o flourish_v of_o eloquence_n the_o ordinary_a condiment_n and_o varnish_n which_o qualify_v the_o pain_n of_o read_v can_v not_o just_o be_v expect_v in_o a_o treatise_n of_o law_n which_o of_o all_o subject_n do_v require_v the_o most_o plain_a and_o accurate_a expression_n to_o balance_v which_o the_o nausiate_a burden_n of_o citation_n be_v as_o much_o as_o can_v be_v leave_v out_o we_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o be_v among_o the_o great_a and_o rich_a kingdom_n of_o the_o earth_n yet_o we_o know_v not_o who_o can_v claim_v preference_n in_o antiquity_n and_o integrity_n be_v of_o one_o blood_n and_o lineage_n without_o mixture_n of_o any_o other_o people_n and_o have_v so_o continue_v above_o two_o thousand_o year_n during_o all_o which_o no_o foreign_a power_n be_v ever_o able_a to_o settle_v the_o dominion_n of_o a_o strange_a lord_n over_o we_o or_o to_o make_v we_o forsake_v our_o allegiance_n to_o your_o majesty_n royal_a ancestor_n our_o native_a and_o kind_o king_n whereas_o most_o of_o the_o other_o kingdom_n be_v compond_n of_o diverse_a nation_n and_o have_v be_v subjugate_v to_o prince_n of_o different_a and_o opposite_a family_n and_o ofttimes_o foreigner_n the_o great_a monarchy_n which_o do_v design_n universality_n be_v all_o break_a in_o piece_n and_o there_o be_v no_o family_n that_o can_v claim_v a_o just_a title_n to_o redintegrat_fw-la any_o of_o they_o there_o be_v no_o emperor_n nor_o king_n except_o yourself_o but_o know_v to_o what_o other_o family_n their_o predecessor_n do_v succeed_v and_o when_o and_o by_o what_o mean_v it_o be_v evident_a what_o a_o mixture_n have_v be_v in_o greece_n and_o italy_n in_o france_n and_o spain_n in_o england_n and_o elsewhere_o this_o nation_n have_v not_o be_v obscure_a and_o unknown_a to_o the_o world_n but_o the_o most_o famous_a nation_n have_v make_v use_n of_o our_o arm_n and_o have_v still_o in_o grateful_a remembrance_n retain_v trophy_n and_o monument_n of_o our_o courage_n and_o constancy_n there_o be_v few_o war_n in_o christendom_n wherein_o we_o have_v not_o have_v considerable_a body_n of_o soldier_n regimented_a and_o command_v by_o themselves_o and_o ofttimes_o general_a officer_n command_v they_o and_o whole_a army_n of_o stranger_n with_o great_a reputation_n and_o gallantry_n which_o do_v advance_v they_o above_o the_o native_n of_o these_o country_n where_o they_o serve_v neither_o have_v we_o want_v the_o fame_n of_o learning_n at_o home_n and_o abroad_o in_o the_o most_o eminent_a profession_n divine_a or_o humane_a and_o as_o every_o where_o the_o most_o pregnant_a and_o active_a spirit_n apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o study_n and_o practice_n of_o law_n so_o these_o that_o apply_v themselves_o to_o that_o profession_n among_o we_o have_v give_v great_a evidence_n of_o sharp_a and_o pierce_a spirit_n with_o much_o readiness_n of_o conception_n and_o dexterity_n of_o expression_n which_o be_v necessary_a qualification_n both_o of_o the_o bench_n and_o bar_n whereby_o the_o law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n have_v attain_v to_o so_o great_a perfection_n that_o it_o may_v without_o arrogance_n be_v compare_v with_o the_o law_n of_o any_o of_o our_o neighbour_a nation_n for_o we_o be_v happy_a in_o have_v so_o few_o and_o so_o clear_a statute_n our_o law_n be_v most_o part_n consuetudinary_a whereby_o what_o be_v find_v inconvenient_a be_v obliterat_fw-la and_o forget_v our_o form_n be_v plain_a and_o prompt_a whereby_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o judicious_a have_v with_o little_a pain_n much_o insight_n in_o our_o law_n and_o do_v with_o the_o more_o security_n enjoy_v their_o right_n and_o possession_n which_o by_o our_o public_a record_n be_v better_o know_v then_o any_o where_o by_o which_o we_o may_v with_o the_o great_a assurance_n trust_v our_o purchase_n see_v no_o land-right_a be_v effectual_a against_o purchaser_n by_o consent_n or_o by_o law_n but_o where_o the_o ultimate_a perfection_n thereof_o by_o seize_v or_o other_o evident_a be_v upon_o record_n in_o register_n set_v apart_o for_o the_o several_a right_n without_o mixture_n of_o any_o other_o whereof_o there_o be_v authentic_a minute-book_n keep_v with_o the_o record_n in_o each_o shire_n and_o jurisdiction_n whereby_o with_o the_o least_o pain_n or_o expense_n all_o the_o right_n affect_v any_o land_n within_o the_o course_n of_o prescription_n can_v easy_o be_v find_v we_o be_v not_o involve_v in_o the_o labyrinth_n of_o many_o and_o large_a statute_n whereof_o the_o posterior_n do_v ordinary_o abrogate_v or_o derogate_v from_o the_o prio_fw-la that_o it_o require_v a_o great_a part_n of_o a_o life_n to_o be_v prompt_a in_o all_o these_o wind_n without_o which_o no_o man_n with_o sincerity_n and_o confidence_n can_v consult_v or_o plead_v much_o less_o can_v the_o subject_n by_o their_o own_o industry_n know_v where_o to_o rest_v but_o must_v give_v more_o implicit_a faith_n to_o their_o judge_n and_o lawyer_n than_o they_o need_v or_o aught_o to_o give_v to_o their_o divine_n and_o we_o do_v always_o prefer_v the_o sense_n to_o the_o subtlety_n of_o law_n and_o do_v seldom_o trip_v by_o niecity_n or_o formality_n the_o great_a fixation_n and_o improvement_n of_o our_o law_n have_v be_v by_o the_o establishment_n of_o the_o supreme_a civil_a judicature_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o king_n james_n the_o five_o in_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o college_n of_o justice_n consist_v of_o fifteen_o ordinary_a senator_n in_o place_n of_o the_o king_n daily_a council_n which_o follow_v his_o residence_n and_o court_n and_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n
heir_n yet_o by_o act_n of_o exchequer_n it_o be_v only_o extend_v to_o three_o term_n after_o the_o ward_n though_o the_o old_a style_n be_v still_o continue_v charter_n do_v also_o comprehend_v several_a condition_n and_o provision_n of_o which_o hereafter_o and_o some_o charter_n do_v express_v a_o bound_a which_o be_v ordinary_a in_o these_o within_o burgh_n and_o some_o do_v express_v a_o particular_a enumeration_n and_o some_o have_v only_o the_o general_a name_n of_o barony_n or_o tenendry_n or_o some_o other_o common_a designation_n under_o which_o there_o may_v be_v particular_a designation_n comprehend_v and_o some_o charter_n bear_v infang-thief_n outfang-thief_n pit_n and_o gallow_n these_o charter_n or_o other_o write_v in_o place_n of_o charter_n though_o they_o do_v never_o so_o full_o comprehend_v the_o dispositive_a will_n of_o the_o superior_a yet_o they_o never_o become_v a_o real_a right_n till_o they_o be_v complete_v by_o seasine_n which_o import_v the_o take_n of_o possession_n for_o seasine_n and_o seizure_n be_v from_o the_o same_o original_n signify_v lay_v hold_v of_o or_o take_v possession_n and_o dissease_v be_v dispossession_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v a_o needless_a question_n whether_o seasine_n or_o possession_n be_v distinct_a and_o which_o be_v most_o effectual_a for_o till_o the_o solemnity_n of_o instrument_n of_o seasine_n be_v introduce_v to_o accomplish_v the_o real_a right_n of_o fee_n possession_n be_v necessary_a to_o be_v join_v to_o the_o disposition_n which_o possession_n may_v either_o be_v natural_a by_o actual_a inhabitation_n manure_v or_o stock_v the_o ground_n positione_n sediuni_fw-la or_o may_v be_v civil_a by_o uplift_v the_o fruit_n and_o duty_n or_o it_o may_v be_v symbolical_a positione_n pedum_fw-la by_o enter_v upon_o the_o land_n as_o vassal_n upon_o the_o superior_n warrant_v but_o if_o this_o symbolical_a possession_n be_v retent_a a_o possessione_n naturali_fw-la the_o superior_a dispon_n to_o another_o who_o first_o attain_v the_o natural_a possession_n be_v will_v have_v be_v prefer_v to_o the_o symbolical_a possession_n as_o be_v suspect_v and_o simulat_fw-la retenta_fw-la possessione_n therefore_o till_o the_o time_n of_o king_n james_n the_o first_o any_o charter_n disposition_n or_o precept_n from_o a_o superior_a to_o a_o vassal_n mention_v his_o heir_n or_o a_o heritable_a right_n with_o true_a and_o real_a possession_n without_o simulation_n be_v sufficient_a to_o complete_a the_o fee_n so_o a_o charter_n with_o natural_a possession_n be_v sustain_v be_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n robert_n the_o second_o june_n 24._o 1625._o and_o also_o before_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n james_n the_o second_o hope_v seasine_n earl_n of_o mar_n contra_fw-la bishop_n of_o aberdeen_n 16._o but_o king_n james_n the_o first_o have_v be_v long_o detain_v in_o england_n be_v take_v in_o his_o voyage_n come_v home_o from_o france_n do_v thence_o bring_v in_o the_o solemnity_n of_o seasines_n by_o the_o instrument_n of_o a_o nottar_n about_o the_o year_n 1530._o as_o craig_n relate_v l._n 2._o diege_n 7._o near_o the_o beginning_n and_o yet_o say_v that_o long_o thereafter_o even_o near_o to_o his_o time_n the_o baily_n seal_v upon_o the_o superior_n disposition_n charter_n or_o precept_n be_v sufficient_a to_o instruct_v delivery_n of_o possession_n neither_o be_v there_o necessity_n in_o any_o case_n to_o prove_v the_o delivery_n or_o the_o superior_n enter_v the_o vassal_n in_o possession_n but_o that_o be_v presume_v from_o the_o possession_n itself_o and_o therefore_o it_o need_v not_o be_v debate_v how_o the_o vassal_n enter_v in_o possession_n or_o what_o warrant_v the_o bailzie_n have_v to_o give_v he_o possession_n or_o what_o warrant_v the_o person_n who_o receive_v the_o possession_n for_o the_o vassal_n have_v as_o his_o procurator_n or_o acturney_n for_o if_o the_o vassal_n be_v in_o the_o natural_a and_o civil_a possession_n all_o these_o power_n be_v presume_v neither_o be_v precept_n of_o seasine_n or_o acturney_n then_o in_o use_n for_o as_o this_o solemnity_n of_o a_o instrument_n of_o seasine_n be_v introduce_v from_o england_n so_o be_v the_o name_n of_o acturney_n which_o be_v frequent_a there_o but_o seldom_o usedhere_v but_o in_o case_n of_o seasine_n after_o instrument_n of_o seasine_n become_v in_o use_n they_o be_v not_o only_o sustain_v as_o the_o mean_a of_o probation_n that_o possession_n or_o seasine_n be_v give_v or_o take_v but_o they_o be_v the_o necessary_a solemnity_n to_o accomplish_v the_o right_n which_o can_v not_o be_v supply_v by_o any_o other_o mean_a or_o probation_n though_o the_o superior_a with_o a_o thousand_o witness_n shall_v subscribe_v all_o the_o content_n of_o a_o seasine_a it_o will_v be_v of_o no_o effect_n to_o make_v a_o real_a right_n without_o the_o attest_v of_o a_o nottar_n in_o which_o sense_n the_o vulgar_a maxim_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v nulla_fw-la sasina_fw-la nulla_fw-la terra_fw-la which_o be_v not_o only_o necessary_a to_o the_o first_o vassal_n but_o must_v be_v renew_v to_o all_o his_o heir_n and_o successor_n although_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o france_n the_o vassal_n be_v once_o infeft_v his_o heir_n need_v not_o be_v infeft_v but_o do_v continue_v to_o possess_v by_o his_o right_n as_o the_o heir_n of_o tacks-man_n do_v with_o we_o but_o every_o heir_n must_v be_v infeft_v in_o fee_n otherways_o if_o they_o die_v uninfeft_v they_o never_o attain_v the_o real_a right_n but_o only_o a_o possessory_a title_n to_o the_o fruit_n and_o rent_n which_o will_v belong_v to_o their_o executor_n in_o so_o far_o as_o unuplift_v from_o their_o predecessor_n death_n till_o their_o own_o death_n or_o renunciation_n to_o be_v heir_n and_o will_v be_v affect_v for_o their_o proper_a debt_n which_o will_v not_o affect_v the_o heritage_n or_o the_o next_o heir_n enter_v who_o must_v enter_v to_o the_o defunct_a who_o die_v last_o infeft_v and_o will_v be_v liable_a for_o his_o debt_n but_o not_o for_o the_o debt_n of_o his_o appear_v and_o heir_n who_o be_v never_o infeft_v 17._o let_v we_o then_o consider_v the_o formal_a tenor_n of_o a_o instrument_n of_o seasine_n and_o the_o meaning_n thereof_o and_o then_o consider_v the_o essential_o and_o necessary_a requisite_n thereto_o and_o how_o far_o unformal_a seasine_n have_v be_v sustain_v a_o formal_a seasine_n be_v the_o instrument_n of_o a_o nottar-publick_a bear_v the_o delivery_n of_o symbolical_a possession_n by_o the_o superior_a or_o his_o bailzie_n to_o the_o vassal_n or_o his_o acturney_n by_o delivery_n of_o earth_n and_o stone_n and_o other_o symbol_n accustom_v upon_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o fee_n which_o shall_v contain_v the_o name_n of_o god_n as_o its_o initial_a word_n in_o dei_fw-la nomine_fw-la amen_o that_o may_v keep_v the_o nottar_n in_o remembrance_n of_o his_o faith_n and_o trust_n deter_v he_o to_o take_v the_o name_n of_o god_n to_o a_o falsehood_n or_o lie_n second_o it_o shall_v bear_v the_o date_n by_o the_o day_n month_n and_o year_n of_o god_n and_o be_v accustom_v to_o have_v the_o indiction_n and_o name_n of_o the_o pope_n which_o since_o the_o reformation_n have_v not_o be_v in_o use_n but_o it_o shall_v contain_v the_o name_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n three_o it_o bear_v the_o appearance_n of_o the_o vassal_n or_o his_o certain_a aucturney_n which_o be_v sufficient_o instruct_v by_o have_v of_o the_o precept_n of_o seasine_n in_o his_o hand_n which_o be_v but_o presumptio_fw-la juris_fw-la and_o do_v not_o exclude_v a_o contrary_a probation_n especial_o as_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o first_o vassal_n who_o by_o take_v infeftment_n become_v liable_a for_o all_o his_o predecessor_n debt_n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o superior_a shall_v grant_v a_o precept_n of_o clare_v constat_fw-la the_o bearer_n whereof_o as_o aucturney_n for_o the_o appearant_a heir_n take_v seasine_n will_v involve_v the_o appear_v and_o heir_n in_o all_o his_o father_n debt_n and_o therefore_o it_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o the_o superior_a and_o aucturneys_n oath_n that_o the_o precept_n of_o seasine_n be_v without_o warrant_n from_o the_o appearant_a heir_n and_o so_o be_v fraudulent_a and_o collusive_a to_o involve_v he_o in_o his_o predecessor_n debt_n in_o a_o overburden_a and_o hurtful_a succession_n four_o it_o must_v bear_v the_o delivery_n of_o the_o precept_n of_o seasine_n to_o the_o superior_a if_o he_o be_v present_a or_o in_o his_o absence_n to_o his_o bailzie_n who_o warrant_n be_v secure_v because_o there_o be_v a_o blank_a leave_v in_o the_o precept_n for_o his_o name_n in_o which_o blank_n any_o person_n name_v be_v fill_v up_o he_o be_v sufficient_o authorize_v as_o bailzie_n in_o that_o part_n special_o constitute_v five_o it_o bear_v the_o bailzy_n accept_v of_o the_o precept_n and_o deliver_v of_o it_o to_o the_o nottar_n in_o presence_n of_o the_o witness_n six_o it_o must_v bear_v the_o nottar_n read_v of_o
the_o first_o branch_n and_o therefore_o though_o there_o be_v no_o clause_n irritant_fw-la they_o may_v reduce_v alienation_n mere_o gratuitous_a or_o fraudulent_a especial_o when_o do_v not_o by_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n or_o heir_n male_a of_o he_o who_o constitute_v the_o tailzie_n for_o these_o be_v always_o in_o every_o tailzie_n in_o the_o first_o place_n and_o while_o the_o fee_n continue_v in_o they_o it_o be_v rather_o a_o simple_a fee_n then_o tailzy_v as_o it_o become_v again_o when_o all_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o tailzie_n fail_v the_o perpetuity_n of_o estate_n where_o they_o have_v be_v long_o accustom_v have_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d their_o inconvenience_n &_o therefore_o divice_n have_v be_v find_v out_o to_o 〈◊〉_d they_o ineffectual_a only_o the_o majoratus_fw-la of_o spain_n have_v be_v most_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d that_o the_o king_n nobilitate_v a_o person_n of_o merit_n and_o 〈◊〉_d either_o by_o the_o king_n gift_n or_o his_o own_o right_n that_o estate_n can_v neither_o be_v alienate_v or_o burden_v but_o remain_v alimentary_a for_o preservation_n of_o the_o dignity_n of_o that_o family_n but_o these_o perpetuity_n in_o england_n be_v now_o easy_o evacuat_a first_o by_o warrant_n to_o sell_v purchase_v in_o parliament_n which_o pass_v without_o much_o difficulty_n and_o if_o they_o become_v frequent_a with_o we_o it_o be_v like_a we_o will_v find_v the_o same_o remeid_v they_o be_v also_o evacuat_a by_o a_o simulat_fw-la action_n of_o fine_a and_o recovery_n whereby_o the_o purchaser_n pretend_v that_o he_o be_v unwarrantable_o dispossess_v of_o such_o land_n by_o the_o present_a fire_n who_o colude_v and_o be_v silent_a have_v receive_v a_o price_n or_o other_o consideration_n so_o that_o these_o sentence_n though_o collusive_a must_v be_v irrevocable_a in_o tailzy_n the_o heir_n male_a or_o heir_n of_o line_n of_o every_o branch_n be_v the_o issue_n of_o the_o stipes_n of_o that_o branch_n do_v succeed_v and_o therefore_o there_o be_v a_o good_a caution_n by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n that_o after_o the_o possibility_n of_o issue_n be_v extinct_a the_o present_a fire_n can_v do_v no_o more_o as_o to_o the_o fee_n but_o what_o a_o liferenter_fw-la can_v do_v the_o next_o branch_n be_v ordinary_o altogether_o stranger_n to_o that_o fire_n little_a care_n will_v be_v take_v to_o preserve_v the_o fee_n in_o the_o tailzie_n of_o stormount_n the_o whole_a estate_n be_v not_o comprehend_v and_o it_o be_v distinct_o provide_v that_o in_o case_n any_o of_o the_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n for_o the_o time_n shall_v contraveen_v that_o the_o right_n shall_v be_v divolve_v on_o that_o person_n who_o will_v succeed_v if_o the_o contraveen_a be_v dead_a but_o in_o such_o tailzy_n former_o it_o be_v not_o so_o clear_o order_v be_v only_o provide_v that_o the_o contraveen_a shall_v lose_v his_o right_n and_o the_o next_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n shall_v have_v place_n whereby_o it_o remain_v dubious_a whether_o the_o next_o branch_n of_o the_o tailzie_n be_v mean_v so_o that_o the_o contraveen_a lose_v his_o own_o interest_n and_o all_o descend_v of_o he_o or_o whether_o he_o lose_v the_o interest_n of_o all_o descend_v of_o that_o branch_n or_o whether_o he_o lose_v only_o his_o own_o personal_a interest_n wherein_o the_o design_n of_o the_o constituter_n of_o the_o tailzie_n may_v be_v dubious_a enough_o 59_o to_o sum_v up_o this_o important_a subject_n of_o tailzy_n let_v we_o consider_v the_o effect_n thereof_o according_a to_o the_o several_a ordinary_a tenor_n of_o the_o same_o and_o how_o far_o the_o fire_n or_o his_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n be_v bind_v up_o thereby_o we_o must_v then_o distinguish_v betwixt_o tailzy_n have_v clause_n not_o to_o alter_v burden_n or_o alienat_fw-la and_o these_o that_o be_v simple_a without_o any_o express_a restrictive_a clause_n second_o betwixt_o tailzy_n make_v free_o and_o these_o that_o be_v make_v for_o onerous_a cause_n three_o betwixt_o these_o that_o have_v clause_n resolutive_a or_o irritant_fw-la and_o these_o that_o have_v only_o such_o clause_n by_o way_n of_o obligation_n provision_n or_o condition_n as_o to_o the_o first_o case_n it_o be_v a_o general_a rule_n that_o cuique_fw-la est_fw-la rei_fw-la suae_fw-la moderator_n &_o arbyter_n every_o man_n may_v dispose_v of_o his_o own_o at_o his_o pleasure_n either_o to_o take_v effect_n in_o his_o life_n or_o after_o his_o death_n and_o so_o may_v provide_v his_o land_n to_o what_o heir_n he_o please_v and_o may_v change_v the_o succession_n as_o oft_o as_o he_o will_v which_o will_v be_v complete_v by_o resigning_n from_o himself_o and_o his_o heir_n in_o the_o fee_n in_o favour_n of_o himself_o and_o such_o other_o heir_n as_o he_o please_v to_o name_n in_o the_o procuratory_n whereupon_o resignation_n be_v accept_v by_o a_o superior_a and_o new_a infeftment_n grant_v according_o the_o succession_n be_v effectual_o alter_v yea_o any_o obligement_n to_o take_v his_o land_n so_o hold_v will_v oblige_v the_o former_a heir_n to_o enter_v and_o to_o denude_v themselves_o for_o implement_n of_o that_o obligement_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o heir_n therein_o express_v and_o if_o the_o superior_a refuse_n to_o accept_v the_o resignation_n alter_v the_o succession_n a_o bond_n of_o borrow_a money_n though_o grant_v only_o upon_o design_n to_o alter_v the_o succession_n will_v be_v the_o ground_n of_o adjudication_n of_o the_o land_n and_o be_v assign_v to_o the_o fire_n himself_o and_o to_o such_o heir_n as_o he_o please_v the_o superior_a will_v be_v force_v to_o receive_v he_o according_o so_o that_o the_o first_o constituter_n of_o a_o tailzie_n or_o any_o heir_n succeed_v to_o he_o may_v change_v it_o at_o their_o pleasure_n unless_o the_o tailzie_n be_v for_o a_o onerous_a cause_n as_o when_o tailzy_n be_v mutual_a than_o the_o first_o constitutor_n of_o the_o mutual_a tailzy_n can_v alter_v the_o same_o although_o their_o debt_n may_v affect_v the_o same_o yet_o no_o fraudulent_a or_o gratuitous_a deed_n can_v alter_v or_o evacuat_v such_o tailzy_n and_o therefore_o a_o mutual_a contract_n betwixt_o two_o brethren_n obliege_v they_o that_o what_o land_n they_o shall_v succeed_v to_o or_o acquire_v shall_v be_v take_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o their_o body_n whilk_n failze_v to_o the_o brother_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n etc._n etc._n though_o thereafter_o either_o brother_n take_v their_o land_n otherways_o to_o their_o heir_n whatsoever_o whereby_o sister_n have_v succeed_v to_o one_o of_o these_o brother_n they_o be_v decern_v to_o denude_v themselves_o in_o favour_n of_o the_o other_o brother_n january_n 14._o 1631._o mr._n john_n sharp_n contra_fw-la helen_n sharp_n but_o if_o the_o cause_n onerous_a be_v of_o less_o import_n then_o to_o grant_v and_o continue_v a_o tailzie_n it_o will_v import_v no_o more_o than_o once_o perfect_v the_o infeftment_n by_o such_o a_o tailzie_n whereby_o the_o hope_n of_o succession_n arise_v to_o these_o party_n in_o who_o favour_n the_o fire_n be_v oblige_v to_o take_v the_o tailzy_n but_o he_o be_v not_o find_v oblige_v to_o continue_v the_o same_o but_o that_o he_o may_v alter_v it_o thereafter_o without_o refound_v the_o money_n he_o get_v for_o grant_v it_o be_v but_o of_o that_o value_n as_o be_v equal_a only_o to_o the_o hope_n of_o succession_n which_o behove_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o alteration_n sine_fw-la dolo_fw-la july_n 15._o 1636._o mr._n david_n drummond_n contra_fw-la drummond_n heir_n of_o provision_n by_o contract_n of_o marriage_n be_v in_o part_n overous_a be_v grant_v for_o a_o tocher_n and_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o wife_n concern_v therefore_o they_o can_v be_v alter_v by_o the_o husband_n at_o his_o pleasure_n but_o do_v exclude_v all_o fraudulent_a or_o mere_o gratuitous_a alteration_n as_o have_v be_v show_v section_n forty_o three_o but_o if_o there_o bean_n express_v obligement_n not_o to_o alter_v the_o tailzie_n albeit_o that_o will_v not_o give_v title_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o blood_n of_o the_o present_a fire_n to_o quarrel_v his_o deed_n or_o alteration_n yet_o it_o will_v give_v interest_n to_o any_o other_o branch_n of_o the_o tailzie_n whether_o to_o the_o person_n nominat_fw-la or_o his_o heir_n to_o quarrel_v and_o reduce_v such_o alteration_n though_o it_o will_v not_o exclude_v alteration_n by_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n for_o debt_n true_o borrow_v by_o the_o fire_n and_o therefore_o a_o tailzie_n of_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n lend_v in_o their_o term_n to_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o creditor_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n whilk_n fail_v to_o the_o father_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o hsi_a body_n whilk_n fail_v to_o a_o person_n name_v and_o his_o heir_n and_o assigney_n whatsoever_o with_o a_o provision_n that_o the_o creditor_n and_o his_o heir_n shall_v do_v no_o deed_n hurtful_a to_o the_o tailzie_n nor_o the_o debtor_n shall_v not_o pay_v without_o consent_n of_o the_o heir_n
all_o such_o fortalice_n than_o in_o other_o thing_n this_o consequence_n be_v not_o good_a for_o that_o which_o infer_v treason_n be_v the_o hold_v out_o of_o the_o house_n and_o deny_v access_n to_o the_o king_n by_o arm_a force_n which_o will_v be_v treasonable_a in_o any_o house_n whether_o it_o have_v battlement_n or_o turret_n or_o not_o but_o can_v infer_v that_o all_o house_n with_o battlement_n or_o turret_n be_v build_v for_o public_a defence_n and_o do_v once_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n which_o recent_a custom_n do_v further_a clear_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o ordinary_a then_o to_o build_v house_n with_o turret_n or_o round_n upon_o the_o angles_n without_o warrant_n quarrel_n or_o suspicion_n these_o be_v rather_o for_o ornament_n then_o for_o strength_n 67._o forest_n be_v likewise_o inter_v regalia_z being_z places_z destinat_fw-la for_o deer_n for_o the_o king_n use_n and_o pleasure_n in_o hunt_v which_o can_v be_v extend_v general_o to_o wood_n but_o only_o to_o such_o where_o deer_n have_v be_v keep_v for_o certain_o wood_n be_v part_n fundi_fw-la privati_fw-la and_o be_v not_o inter_v regalia_z in_o any_o nation_n but_o forest_n for_o keep_v of_o deer_n remain_v inteir_n regalia_z although_o the_o wood_n shall_v fail_v and_o wherever_o deer_n be_v keep_v as_o proper_a and_o other_o debar_v from_o hunt_v there_o it_o be_v presume_v to_o have_v be_v a_o forest_n proper_a to_o the_o king_n and_o though_o the_o land_n be_v in_o baronia_n may_v carry_v the_o privilege_n and_o office_n of_o forrestry_n which_o give_v the_o baron_n right_a to_o hunt_v kill_v and_o make_v use_n of_o the_o deer_n yet_o he_o will_v be_v but_o hold_v as_o keeper_n or_o forester_n which_o will_v not_o exclude_v the_o king_n to_o hunt_v and_o kill_v the_o deer_n for_o his_o own_o proper_a use_n for_o the_o property_n of_o the_o forest_n will_v never_o be_v understand_v if_o it_o be_v not_o very_o express_o grant_v forest_n have_v great_a privilege_n and_o peculiar_a custom_n for_o whereas_o no_o man_n be_v oblige_v to_o herd_n his_o cattle_n off_o other_o man_n ground_n or_o corn_n or_o to_o be_v answerable_a for_o the_o skaith_n they_o do_v long_o than_o in_o hayn_v time_n while_o the_o corn_n be_v upon_o the_o ground_n and_o if_o any_o man_n have_v a_o mind_n to_o keep_v his_o neighbour_n good_n off_o his_o ground_n he_o may_v do_v it_o but_o he_o must_v herd_n his_o ground_n and_o may_v turn_v off_o his_o neighbour_n good_n without_o wrong_v they_o but_o can_v put_v they_o in_o pondfold_a yet_o if_o any_o man_n good_n be_v find_v in_o forest_n they_o become_v escheat_n and_o be_v confiscate_v two_o three_o to_o the_o king_n and_o one_o three_o to_o the_o forester_n and_o if_o any_o baron_n or_o landed-man_n have_v hain_v wood_n or_o forest_n of_o their_o own_o they_o may_v escheat_n all_o good_n that_o bee_n find_v therein_o to_o their_o own_o use_n par._n 1535._o cap._n 12._o where_o private_a forest_n of_o subject_n be_v only_o understand_v such_o as_o be_v enclose_v with_o a_o sufficient_a dyke_n the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n bear_v hained_a wood_n or_o forest_n which_o can_v be_v hain_v without_o enclosure_n but_o the_o king_n forest_n be_v large_a tract_n of_o ground_n which_o neither_o have_v be_v nor_o can_v be_v enclose_v and_o therefore_o all_o the_o neighbour_a heretor_n and_o possessor_n must_v either_o herd_n their_o good_n off_o these_o forest_n or_o loss_n they_o upon_o this_o account_n it_o be_v that_o the_o king_n have_v by_o a_o signature_n under_o his_o hand_n grantend_v a_o forrestry_n to_o the_o laird_n of_o fascally_a the_o exchequer_n before_o pass_v thereof_o desire_v the_o lord_n of_o session_n to_o consider_v and_o report_v what_o by_o law_n be_v the_o privilege_n conveniency_n or_o inconveniency_n of_o forest_n and_o they_o have_v hear_v the_o obtainer_n of_o the_o forest_n and_o the_o neighbour_a heretor_n do_v declare_v the_o privilege_n of_o a_o forest_n to_o be_v as_o aforesaid_a june_n 21._o 1680._o whereupon_o the_o exchequer_n do_v represent_v to_o the_o king_n the_o inconveniency_n to_o grant_v new_a forest_n the_o comptroller_n have_v the_o inspection_n of_o the_o king_n park_n and_o forest_n and_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o the_o comptroller_n or_o any_o have_v the_o king_n warand_n to_o intromet_n with_o all_o good_n in_o the_o king_n forest_n not_o put_v in_o by_o the_o comptroler_n or_o these_o have_a power_n from_o he_o and_o to_o apply_v the_o whole_a to_o the_o king_n use_n par._n 1592._o cap._n 198._o and_o by_o the_o former_a statute_n the_o forester_n or_o keeper_n be_v prohibit_v to_o put_v any_o cattle_n in_o the_o forest_n belong_v to_o himself_o so_o that_o if_o the_o keeper_n first_o seize_v upon_o good_n in_o the_o forest_n he_o have_v the_o three_o but_o if_o the_o comptroller_n or_o these_o have_a warrant_n from_o the_o king_n do_v 〈◊〉_d seize_v the_o keeper_n have_v no_o share_n there_o be_v many_o more_o custom_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o king_n forest_n and_o chase_n in_o england_n where_o the_o forester_n or_o keeper_n have_v only_o the_o branch_n of_o tree_n and_o the_o bark_n thereof_o and_o such_o as_o be_v fall_v or_o decay_v and_o as_o skeen_n observe_v that_o he_o may_v take_v a_o tree_n as_o high_a as_o his_o head_n but_o our_o heritable_a keeper_n have_v much_o more_o privilege_n and_o may_v make_v use_n of_o the_o wood_n and_o deer_n so_o as_o not_o to_o destroy_v either_o and_o with_o a_o reservation_n for_o the_o king_n proper_a use_n 68_o the_o hunt_n or_o kill_v of_o deer_n seem_v to_o be_v inter_v regalia_z with_o we_o except_o these_o who_o have_v they_o within_o proper_a enclosure_n for_o otherways_o the_o king_n forest_n have_v no_o enclosure_n the_o dear_a by_o stray_v abroad_o will_v easy_o be_v destroy_v and_o therefore_o though_o every_o man_n may_v hunt_v they_o off_o his_o ground_n by_o which_o they_o will_v be_v force_v back_o to_o some_o forest_n yet_o they_o may_v not_o kill_v they_o 69._o salmond_n fish_v be_v also_o inter_v regalia_z and_o therefore_o pass_v not_o ordinary_o as_o pertinent_a and_o aught_o to_o be_v express_v in_o the_o infeftment_n yet_o in_o some_o case_n salmond-fishing_a have_v be_v find_v constitute_v without_o special_a expression_n but_o only_o by_o the_o common_a clause_n cum_fw-la piscationibus_fw-la and_o long_a possession_n june_n 29._o 1593._o lesly_n of_o creik_v contra_fw-la forbes_n of_o thainstoun_n in_o which_o case_n it_o be_v find_v that_o salmond-fishing_a be_v only_o inter_v regalia_z as_o it_o be_v a_o casuality_n fluminis_fw-la publici_fw-la such_o as_o be_v navigable_a river_n wherein_o there_o be_v a_o common_a use_n of_o passage_n and_o transportation_n in_o like_a manner_n where_o land_n be_v erect_v in_o a_o barony_n or_o any_o other_o dignity_n salmond-fishing_a may_v be_v carry_v by_o the_o the_o common_a clause_n cum_fw-la piscationibus_fw-la as_o when_o it_o bear_v fish_v in_o salt_n and_o fresh_a water_n though_o without_o mention_n of_o salmond-fishing_a hope_n fsh_v laird_n of_o glenurchy_n contra_fw-la alexander_n cambel_n so_o a_o infeftment_n to_o a_o burgh-royal_a bear_v cum_fw-la piscationibus_fw-la &_o piscariis_fw-la with_o immemorial_n possession_n be_v find_v to_o give_v they_o right_o to_o salmond-fishing_a and_o cruive_v though_o none_o of_o they_o be_v express_v january_n 26._o 1665._o heretor_n of_o don_n contra_fw-la the_o town_n of_o aberdene_n january_n 13._o 1681._o brown_a of_o nuntoun_n contra_fw-la the_o town_n of_o kirkcudbright_n it_o be_v also_o find_v constitute_v by_o the_o infeftment_n of_o a_o sheriffship_n and_o forty_o year_n possession_n though_o the_o infeftment_n bear_v only_a emolument_n in_o general_a december_n 13._o 1677._o earl_n of_o murray_n contra_fw-la the_o fever_n upon_o the_o water_n of_o ness_n marquis_n of_o huntly_n and_o town_n of_o inverness_n it_o be_v also_o find_v constitute_v by_o a_o bishop_n charter_n of_o lond_n cum_fw-la piscariis_fw-la bear_v a_o reeddendo_fw-la of_o salmond_n though_o the_o bishop_n right_a from_o the_o king_n be_v not_o produce_v but_o presume_v and_o be_v a_o dignity_n prefected_a by_o long_a possession_n of_o his_o vassal_n january_n 13._o 1680._o brown_a of_o nuntoun_n contra_fw-la the_o town_n of_o kirkcudbright_n and_o likewise_o long_a possession_n by_o the_o space_n of_o forty_o year_n be_v find_v to_o give_v right_a to_o a_o salmond-fishing_a upon_o both_o side_n of_o the_o water_n and_o draw_v the_o same_o upon_o both_o side_n though_o the_o infeftment_n bear_v but_o fish_v upon_o one_o side_n hope_n fish_v lady_n monymusk_n contra_fw-la forbes_n of_o barns_n a_o clause_n cum_fw-la piscationibus_fw-la be_v find_v to_o be_v a_o title_n for_o prescription_n in_o baronia_n and_o that_o forty_o year_n uninterrupted_a possession_n constitute_v the_o right_a of_o salmond-fishing_a february_n 7._o 1672._o fullurtoun_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o eglintoun_n it_o be_v more_o dubious_a
old_a it_o be_v otherways_o and_o that_o the_o superior_a have_v the_o ward_n with_o the_o burden_n of_o entertain_v the_o heir_n and_o with_o the_o pay_n of_o the_o annualrent_n of_o his_o heritable_a debt_n and_o that_o the_o custom_n of_o ward_n in_o france_n be_v such_o yet_o there_o be_v no_o appearance_n that_o the_o custom_n have_v ever_o be_v so_o with_o we_o since_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n malcolm_n who_o give_v out_o all_o his_o land_n to_o his_o subject_n and_o reserve_v only_o to_o himself_o for_o sustain_v of_o the_o royal_a dignity_n the_o ward_n and_o marriage_n of_o his_o vassal_n which_o at_o that_o time_n be_v very_o considerable_a when_o most_o of_o all_o the_o land_n in_o scotland_n be_v hold_v by_o simple_a ward_n but_o since_o a_o great_a part_n have_v be_v change_v into_o blensh_n or_o tax_v ward_n or_o give_v out_o in_o burgage_n and_o mortification_n or_o in_o feve_n the_o casuality_n of_o ward_n may_v be_v enjoy_v immediate_o by_o the_o superior_a but_o be_v more_o ordinary_o gift_v to_o donatar_n not_o only_o by_o the_o king_n but_o by_o other_o superior_n which_o donatar_n may_v do_v whatsoever_o the_o superior_a himself_o may_v because_o they_o act_n by_o his_o right_n and_o be_v in_o effect_n his_o assigney_n so_o that_o if_o gift_n be_v grant_v to_o more_o donatar_n the_o first_o intimation_n or_o diligence_n will_v be_v prefer_v gift_n of_o ward_n and_o nonentry_n be_v accustom_v of_o old_a to_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o exchequer_n together_o bearing_z not_o only_o for_o bygone_n but_o for_o time_n come_v till_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d heir_n or_o heir_n and_o albeit_o gift_n of_o ward_n run_v still_o in_o the_o same_o style_n yet_o by_o the_o act_n and_o custom_n of_o exchequer_n ward_n and_o nonentry_n be_v several_a casualty_n and_o pass_v by_o several_a gift_n and_o notwithstanding_o the_o foresay_a clause_n the_o gift_n of_o ward_n reach_v only_o during_o the_o time_n of_o the_o ward_n and_o three_o term_n thereafter_o if_o the_o land_n run_v in_o nonentry_n but_o ward_n be_v not_o find_v to_o give_v right_a to_o three_o term_n full_a rent_n here_o the_o donatar_n be_v not_o in_o possession_n during_o the_o ward_n novemb_n 2._o 1680._o laird_n of_o dun_n contra_fw-la viscount_n of_o arbuthnet_n and_o albeit_o the_o gift_n contain_v relief_n yet_o that_o casuality_n as_o hope_n observe_v be_v always_o demand_v by_o the_o exchequer_n and_o count_v for_o by_o the_o sheriff_n be_v but_o a_o small_a duty_n of_o the_o retoured_a mail_n as_o the_o gratuity_n to_o the_o superior_a at_o the_o vassal_n entry_n in_o that_o same_o place_n he_o say_v that_o under_o the_o gift_n of_o a_o simple_a ward_n be_v not_o comprehend_v tax_v ward_n which_o be_v tax_v be_v as_o a_o feu_fw-fr duty_n and_o rather_o as_o a_o part_n of_o the_o king_n ordinar_n revenue_n than_o a_o casuality_n upon_o which_o ground_n the_o earl_n of_o kinghorn_n as_o tutor_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o errol_n have_v get_v a_o gift_n of_o his_o ward_n without_o mention_n of_o taxt-ward_n he_o be_v necessitat_fw-la again_o to_o take_v a_o new_a gift_n for_o the_o taxt-ward_n and_o give_v a_o considerable_a composition_n and_o do_v not_o adventure_v to_o put_v the_o matter_n to_o debate_v before_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n whether_o his_o first_o gift_n will_v have_v be_v extend_v to_o taxt-ward_n or_o not_o 37._o the_o four_o casuality_n of_o superiority_n be_v the_o interest_n of_o superior_n in_o the_o marriage_n of_o their_o ward-vassal_n which_o do_v arise_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o feudal_n contract_n in_o proper_a fee_n whereby_o the_o vassal_n owe_v the_o superior_a faithfulness_n and_o military_a service_n and_o be_v thereby_o in_o his_o clientele_n which_o can_v import_n no_o more_o then_o that_o he_o shall_v not_o contract_v affinity_n by_o marriage_n with_o any_o that_o be_v in_o enmity_n with_o his_o superior_a for_o thereby_o his_o fidelity_n may_v become_v suspect_v which_o will_v take_v place_n not_o only_o in_o the_o first_o marriage_n of_o the_o vassal_n but_o as_o to_o any_o subsequent_a marriage_n though_o he_o have_v succession_n by_o a_o former_a marriage_n and_o may_v take_v place_n in_o the_o marriage_n of_o the_o vassal_n elder_a son_n even_o in_o his_o life_n and_o may_v be_v consider_v as_o a_o act_n of_o ingratitude_n if_o the_o enmity_n betwixt_o the_o superior_a and_o the_o family_n with_o who_o the_o vassal_n be_v to_o marry_v be_v know_v to_o he_o and_o may_v import_v a_o breach_n of_o his_o fidelity_n if_o the_o superior_a do_v prohibit_v he_o to_o match_v with_o that_o family_n which_o be_v in_o open_a and_o know_v enmity_n to_o he_o the_o superior_a might_n also_o have_v interest_n in_o his_o vassal_n marriage_n when_o he_o have_v the_o custody_n of_o his_o person_n as_o a_o tutorial_n trust_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o vassal_n 38._o but_o time_n and_o custom_n have_v give_v superior_n asleep_o far_o different_a interest_n in_o the_o marriage_n of_o their_o vassal_n here_o and_o in_o england_n of_o which_o there_o be_v no_o mention_n in_o the_o common_a feudal_n custom_n nor_o be_v it_o in_o use_n in_o other_o kingdom_n for_o albeit_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o france_n female_a heir_n in_o the_o king_n custody_n must_v require_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o king_n or_o his_o procurator_n yet_o the_o not_o do_v so_o infer_v not_o the_o value_n of_o their_o marriage_n as_o in_o england_n and_o with_o we_o it_o be_v become_v a_o power_n in_o the_o superior_a to_o exact_v out_o of_o his_o vassal_n fee_n the_o value_n of_o a_o tocher_n suitable_a to_o the_o whole_a mean_n and_o estate_n of_o the_o vassal_n if_o he_o marry_v without_o his_o consent_n and_o the_o double_a value_n be_v solemn_o require_v to_o marry_v a_o suitable_a person_n without_o disparagement_n if_o he_o do_v not_o obey_v but_o marry_o another_o this_o custom_n be_v introduce_v in_o england_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o it_o be_v common_o hold_v to_o have_v be_v introduce_v in_o scotland_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n malcolm_n the_o second_o who_o give_v out_o all_o his_o land_n in_o scotland_n in_o fee_n and_o reserve_v to_o himself_o for_o the_o ordinar_n support_v of_o the_o royal_a dignity_n the_o ward_n and_o marriage_n of_o his_o vassal_n whence_o the_o marriage_n be_v design_v as_o a_o profit_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o by_o example_n be_v derive_v to_o the_o subject_n who_o give_v their_o land_n ward_n be_v understand_v to_o give_v the_o same_o with_o the_o like_a privilege_n of_o the_o value_n of_o their_o vassal_n marriage_n which_o do_v never_o take_v effect_n till_o the_o vassal_n be_v major_a for_o during_o his_o minority_n his_o superior_a or_o his_o donatar_n have_v the_o full_a profit_n of_o his_o fee_n over_o and_o above_o the_o expense_n of_o his_o education_n and_o mentainance_n according_a to_o the_o vassal_n quality_n if_o he_o have_v no_o other_o estate_n which_o be_v not_o ward_n the_o profit_n whereof_o may_v be_v sufficient_a to_o entertain_v and_o educate_v he_o or_o in_o so_o far_o as_o these_o profit_n come_v short_a for_o no_o minor_a be_v oblige_v to_o spend_v his_o stock_n upon_o his_o mentainance_n nor_o may_v his_o tutor_n or_o curator_n secure_o do_v the_o same_o therefore_o the_o true_a interest_n of_o superior_n in_o their_o vassal_n marriage_n shall_v now_o be_v the_o tocher_n suitable_a to_o the_o vassal_n estate_n marry_v after_o his_o predecessor_n death_n if_o he_o have_v not_o be_v marry_v before_o for_o the_o value_n of_o the_o marriage_n be_v due_a but_o once_o and_o not_o for_o every_o marriage_n if_o the_o first_o marriage_n fall_v not_o after_o the_o defunct_a vassal_n death_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v demand_v nor_o any_o account_n call_v for_o of_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o marriage_n fall_v before_o he_o can_v be_v vassal_n though_o it_o have_v be_v claim_v where_o the_o vassal_n be_v widow_n at_o his_o predecessor_n death_n have_v no_o child_n of_o the_o former_a marriage_n but_o it_o come_v not_o to_o be_v determine_v by_o the_o session_n though_o it_o be_v demand_v by_o the_o commissioner_n of_o the_o thesaury_n from_o sir_n robert_n barcley_n of_o pearstoun_n and_o albeit_o the_o vassal_n never_o marry_v yet_o if_o he_o be_v solemn_o require_v by_o instrument_n to_o marry_v a_o suitable_a person_n without_o disparagement_n if_o he_o live_v to_o his_o majority_n though_o he_o never_o marry_v his_o fee_n will_v be_v liable_a to_o the_o value_n of_o his_o marriage_n albeit_o he_o willing_o lie_v out_o uninfeft_v not_o by_o the_o superior_n fault_n but_o his_o own_o for_o though_o creditor_n have_v a_o remeid_v by_o a_o charge_n to_o enter_v heir_n within_o forty_o day_n with_o certification_n that_o all_o execution_n shall_v pass_v as_o if_o the_o debtor_n be_v enter_v yet_o there_o
in_o fee_n in_o certain_a land_n if_o the_o son_n relict_n be_v no_o otherways_o provide_v she_o may_v claim_v a_o terce_n of_o these_o land_n though_o the_o father_n do_v not_o perform_v his_o obligement_n which_o may_v be_v construe_v as_o fraudulent_a and_o in_o her_o prejudice_n 17._o terce_n be_v exclude_v by_o all_o way_n whereby_o the_o marriage_n be_v dissolve_v upon_o adultery_n or_o desertion_n or_o by_o the_o death_n of_o either_o party_n within_o year_n and_o day_n without_o child_n or_o may_v be_v find_v null_n of_o which_o former_o among_o conjugal_a interest_n tit._n 4._o and_o also_o by_o whatsoever_o way_n the_o husband_n be_v sine_fw-la frande_v divest_v the_o terce_n be_v exclude_v as_o by_o a_o crime_n infer_v forefaulture_n or_o recognition_n by_o the_o husband_n or_o his_o superior_a though_o not_o declare_v before_o his_o death_n or_o by_o the_o ward_n and_o nonentry_n of_o his_o immediate_a superior_a there_o be_v one_o decision_n observe_v by_o spotswood_n and_o hope_n betwixt_o the_o relict_n of_o john_n cranstoun_n and_o crichtonn_n that_o a_o apprise_n without_o infeftment_n do_v exclude_v a_o relict_n from_o her_o terce_n it_o be_v hard_a to_o sustain_v that_o in_o all_o case_n even_o though_o there_o be_v a_o charge_n against_o the_o superior_a upon_o the_o apprise_n which_o as_o it_o will_v not_o exclude_v the_o superior_a from_o the_o ward_n nonentry_n or_o relief_n so_o neither_o shall_v it_o exclude_v a_o relict_n from_o her_o terce_n unless_o she_o have_v a_o conjunct-fee_n or_o life-rent_a by_o consent_n equivalent_a to_o a_o tertia_fw-la rationabilis_fw-la and_o though_o our_o custom_n have_v far_o debord_v from_o the_o ancient_a design_n of_o terce_n whereby_o a_o reasonable_a terce_n be_v appoint_v and_o if_o any_o voluntary_a liferent_a be_v grant_v craig_n observe_v that_o it_o be_v ever_o understand_v to_o be_v no_o more_o but_o for_o clear_v and_o secure_v the_o tercer_n against_o the_o trouble_n and_o difficulty_n of_o recover_a possession_n by_o a_o service_n and_o therefore_o be_v always_o retrench_v unto_o the_o terce_n yet_o now_o not_o only_o real_a voluntary_a provision_n be_v sustain_v though_o of_o the_o husband_n whole_a estate_n and_o conquest_n albeit_o grant_v in_o aestu_fw-la amoris_fw-la with_o this_o temperament_n only_o that_o if_o the_o heir_n have_v no_o other_o estate_n the_o liferenter_fw-la mus_fw-la entertain_v and_o educat_fw-la he_o according_a to_o his_o quality_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v more_o extensive_a than_o a_o simple_a aliment_n but_o she_o be_v also_o liable_a super_fw-la jure_fw-la naturae_fw-la to_o aliment_v she_o other_o child_n if_o they_o have_v no_o provision_n but_o custom_n have_v so_o far_o proceed_v as_o not_o only_o to_o allow_v voluntary_a provision_n how_o great_a soever_o but_o therewith_o to_o add_v a_o terce_n of_o any_o other_o distinct_a tenement_n unless_o the_o voluntary_a liferent_a be_v accept_v in_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o terce_n which_o indeed_o be_v reasonable_a in_o many_o case_n the_o voluntary_a liferent_a be_v ofttimes_o small_a and_o suitable_a to_o the_o estate_n the_o party_n have_v when_o they_o marry_o but_o can_v make_v a_o rationabilis_fw-la tertia_fw-la if_o by_o conquest_n their_o estate_n shall_v grow_v great_a neither_o be_v it_o reasonable_a that_o though_o the_o voluntary_a provision_n be_v never_o so_o great_a that_o a_o terce_n shall_v be_v give_v though_o little_o remain_v to_o the_o heir_n only_o because_o by_o ignorance_n or_o negligence_n the_o clause_n in_o satisfaction_n be_v not_o adject_v which_o satisfaction_n may_v not_o only_o be_v prove_v by_o write_n but_o by_o presumption_n from_o the_o design_n of_o party_n in_o the_o contract_n of_o marriage_n which_o be_v uberrimae_fw-la fidei_fw-la for_o suppose_v which_o be_v ordinary_a enough_o that_o a_o liferent_a of_o land_n be_v provide_v by_o the_o contract_n of_o marriage_n yet_o some_o land_n be_v not_o mention_v but_o there_o be_v a_o clause_n adject_v for_o the_o liferent_a of_o the_o whole_a conquest_n be_v it_o rationabilis_fw-la terlia_fw-la to_o give_v the_o wife_n a_o three_o of_o that_o which_o be_v omit_v though_o she_o have_v a_o particular_a liferent_a of_o more_o and_o the_o whole_a conquest_n though_o never_o so_o considerable_a yea_o it_o come_v late_o to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d whether_o a_o liferenter_fw-la infeft_v in_o a_o annualrent_n out_o of_o her_o husband_n estate_n consist_v of_o one_o tenement_n lie_v contigue_fw-la the_o annualrent_a be_v two_o three_o of_o the_o rent_n thereof_o because_o it_o bear_v not_o in_o satisfaction_n of_o a_o terce_n the_o relict_n do_v also_o claim_v a_o terce_n out_o of_o that_o same_o one_o tenement_n which_o be_v yet_o sub_fw-la judice_fw-la but_o so_o far_o as_o i_o can_v understand_v by_o former_a decision_n it_o have_v not_o yet_o be_v determine_v whether_o relic_n shall_v have_v a_o reasonable_a terce_n according_a to_o the_o term_n of_o the_o ancient_a law_n induce_v terce_n or_o whether_o she_o shall_v have_v a_o terce_n proportionable_a or_o suitable_a or_o not_o though_o she_o be_v already_o suitable_o provide_v if_o she_o have_v not_o express_o accept_v her_o former_a provision_n in_o satisfaction_n of_o her_o terce_n which_o terce_n be_v most_o favourable_a when_o suitable_a and_o therefore_o take_v place_n in_o the_o two_o case_n before_o mention_v even_o beyond_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o law_n and_o therefore_o if_o it_o be_v unproportionable_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n who_o may_v have_v a_o great_a estate_n in_o money_n and_o little_a land_n a_o voluntary_a provision_n out_o of_o any_o tenement_n shall_v not_o exclude_v a_o terce_n out_o of_o the_o remanent_fw-la of_o the_o same_o tenement_n or_o of_o any_o other_o tenement_n unless_o the_o relict_n be_v sufficient_o provide_v before_o there_o be_v one_o interloquter_n betwixt_o jean_n crightoun_n and_o kirkhouse_n her_o son_n wherein_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o she_o be_v sufficient_o provide_v to_o more_o than_o a_o terce_n of_o her_o husband_n estate_n which_o be_v repel_v but_o the_o case_n be_v in_o possessorio_fw-la where_o the_o relict_n be_v already_o serve_v and_o kenned_a to_o a_o terce_n and_o be_v pursue_v the_o tenant_n so_o that_o the_o service_n and_o ken_n be_v a_o stand_a sentence_n do_v not_o determine_v what_o may_v be_v do_v in_o petiterio_fw-la neither_o be_v that_o allegiance_n propon_v and_o offer_v to_o be_v prove_v but_o only_o allege_v informative_a whereas_o the_o defence_n propon_v be_v that_o the_o relic_n provision_n be_v but_o a_o minute_n of_o contract_n bear_v to_o be_v extend_v with_o all_o clause_n requisite_a whereof_o there_o be_v a_o process_n of_o extension_n depend_v include_v the_o acceptance_n in_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o terce_n as_o be_v ordinary_a but_o it_o be_v reply_v that_o that_o clause_n be_v omit_v in_o the_o full_a contract_n already_o extend_v but_o now_o by_o the_o late_a act_n of_o par._n 1681._o cap._n 1._o there_o be_v no_o place_n for_o a_o terce_n where_o there_o be_v a_o provision_n for_o the_o wife_n of_o liferent_a unless_o a_o terce_n be_v express_o reserve_v craig_n propose_v another_o case_n whether_o the_o 〈◊〉_d will_v have_v a_o terce_n of_o land_n competent_a in_o fee_n to_o her_o husband_n and_o so_o possess_v by_o he_o though_o by_o fraud_n or_o neglegence_n he_o never_o infeft_v himself_o which_o he_o say_v be_v the_o opinion_n of_o litletoun_n and_o it_o be_v not_o without_o much_o ground_n though_o it_o have_v not_o come_v to_o be_v decide_v with_o we_o voluntary_a liferent_n in_o satisfaction_n be_v so_o ordinary_a for_o though_o the_o appearand_a heir_n not_o enter_v can_v burden_v the_o fee_n with_o his_o debt_n yet_o his_o jus_o apparentiae_fw-la give_v he_o or_o his_o executor_n right_a to_o the_o fruit_n during_o all_o his_o life_n whereunto_o it_o will_v be_v suitable_a enough_o that_o though_o his_o voluntary_a provision_n to_o his_o wife_n can_v not_o affect_v the_o fee_n yet_o the_o legal_a provision_n of_o a_o reasonable_a terce_n might_n by_o the_o custom_n of_o england_n relic_n lose_v their_o terce_n by_o fall_v in_o public_a and_o atrocious_a crime_n as_o treason_n murder_n witchcraft_n although_o they_o be_v restore_v by_o the_o king_n by_o way_n of_o grace_n because_o thereby_o the_o memory_n of_o their_o husband_n and_o fame_n of_o their_o child_n be_v disgrace_v i_o know_v no_o such_o point_n to_o have_v be_v draw_v in_o question_n with_o we_o craig_n in_o the_o forecited_a place_n hold_v that_o if_o the_o fire_n transact_v for_o his_o own_o or_o his_o superior_n forefaulture_n or_o recognition_n or_o obtain_v a_o gift_n thereof_o it_o shall_v accress_v to_o the_o tercer_n who_o provision_n be_v onerous_a import_v warrandice_n and_o therefore_o may_v be_v effectual_a against_o the_o fire_n if_o he_o represent_v the_o husband_n and_o in_o all_o distress_n relief_n do_v import_v what_o the_o party_n distress_v true_o pay_v