bee redeemed at 20 years purchase within the space of twelv years to bee paid at several terms and by several parcels provided no parcel to bee paid bee less then three hundred thousand florins each time And all this under the pledges conteined in the foresaid Treaties and the speciall obligation of all the Goods Domains Subsidies and other Revenues of his said Majestie in the Dukedom of Braband and Earldom of Flanders This advantage onely the Spaniard got by the death of the Prince and the dispute about the Guardianship That in lieu of paying the Rents and Interests of the Equivalent agreed upon for the Marquisate of Bergues from the time of Signing intended by the Prince the paiment began but now so that they got or saved all the rest viz. not onely from the time of signing the Peace but also from the death of the Prince hitherto which was one of the fruits of those Domestick jars and misunderstandings among friends The Gardians pressed likewise for a new Act of Caution or performance of the Prelates in manner as the former Transactions Jan. 8 and Decemb. 27 1647 were signed and confirmed thereby But the Ambassador advised it were safer they should let that alone for that the Prelates might easily chance to refuse it and becaus of their autoritie one might bee loath and could not easily neither compel them and by reason of their interstice they might pretend their former Agreement was held invalid and could not therefore binde them and so it was waved The Treatie beeing Signed the Spanish Ambassador feasted and Regalized the Commissioners together with his Excellencie the Lord Stadholder Count William in place of the Princesses Having thus far treated of the Defect and Detriment susteined by the death of the late Prince wee shall novv go on to prosecute that vvhich vvas taken in hand for the orderlie supplie and redress or resettling of the Government About the latter end of March and beginning of April as also before and after the great Assemblie was more busied with the affairs of France Spain Portugal and others then with domestick and such as properly were the caus of their meeting and therefore wee shall but barely point at the forrein affairs as not conducing to the scope and matter in hand The French King's Ambassador Bellievee was arrived in the beginning of March and becaus they could not agree together about the Ceremonies there was no conference at all held with him insomuch that Hee seeing hee could do nothing here went his waie home again in the beginning of May. The Ambassadors S â— John and Strickland both Counsellors of State to the Republick of England arriving here about the latter end of March with a Train of neer 300 persons had Audience upon the 30 th in the great Assemblie but withal so many affronts put upon them from the Courts and Courtiers there however the Lords of Holland labored to suppress them that towards the end of April they were charged by the Parlament to return declaring they could tarrie there no longer with safetie to themselvs and Reputation of the Republick The State sought indeed to give them all possible satisfaction propounding the Treatie of the year 1495. Those of Holland caused the same to bee insinuated to the Parlament by their Commissioner Schaep desiring som longer staie of the Ambassadors which was granted for a certain space longer but that beeing elapsed they were again summoned back towards the end of June and though there were all possible endeavors used to protract their Departure a little longer they could not bee prevailed with and so the Treatie remaining uneffected it was resolved that by an Extraordinarie Ambassie from hence into England the same should bee consummated They took their leaves Junii 30 th and parted from the Hagh the first of July The long and ever since the year 1649. delaied Ratification of the Treatie made that year with Denmarck by the High Steward Ulefeld was at last compleated and settled in the great Assemblie March 21. 1651. notwithstanding the Swedish Ministers Canterestein and Appleboom their respective and reiterated offices and endeavors against it The King of Portugal his Ambassador Sousa de Macedo having after long Delaie obtained Audience at last Martii 6 o. and made his proposition in Latin in the great Assemblie gave more hopes then effects so that it was resolved Martii 25 o. to cut off all further conference with him and thenceforward not to acknowledg him any longer in the qualitie of Ambassador notwithstanding that the Queen of Sweden offered by her Commissarie Appleboom to mediate between the State and the said Ambassador who thereupon within a little time after departed thence for Hamborow Between the Spanish Ambassador le Brun and the French Resident Brasset there happened both before and during the â—taie of the Ambassador Bellievre several bickerings presented in the great Assemblie both by publick audiences and by transmitted papers which were divulged still in print as is conceived by their own consent but the State did entertain it with nothing but the hearing and seeing thereof Now then to return again to our domestick affairs There was much pains taken since March 28. for to conciliate the discrepant inclinations that were com in and presented by the several Provinces which at length produced a full Report made in the Assemblie April 26. and afterwards Jun. 16 o. compleatly past and determined as shall bee seen in due place At this time Things stood not in Zealand according to the minde of the Lords of Holland understanding what endeavors there were on foot to proceed to a new choice of a Stadtholder Captain General c. And though the same did not necessitate the Lords of Holland to do the like yet they feared it might occasion som alteration in the Provinces of Gelderland Utrecht Over-Yssell and in divers Cities of Holland it self Therefore to keep the Province of Zealand in a good intelligence with Holland they sent as was said likewise before the Lords van Opdam de Witt Newport and Picca in Commission thither who made there this ensuing Proposition Noble Mightie Lords WEe hold our selvs obliged in discharge of our Commission and according to the intent of our Principals successively to communicate and represent unto you the considerations and sollicitous Trutinations of their N. Gr. M. touching the Captainship General All the other points of Religion the Union and Militia are by mutual conferences betwixt the â—wo Provinces God bee praised unanimously agreed on so that wee were not able to observ any discrepancie concerning any other subject Your N. M. well know that the Supreme Autoritie over the Militia or Armie together with the Direction of militarie affairs doth appertain to every one of the United Provinces within their own Sovereign Provincial Sphere and that accordingly there was ever given by them even to the particular Stadholders the qualitie of Captain General within their respective Provinces and especially in those
had no power and autoritie in civil matters without their Lord but absolutely in all things depended on him Fifthly the same is put out of all Controversie in regard of the particular Domains Revenues Royalties Lordships and Offices which the said Cities of old have had and still own the proprietie of and whereof they ever had the sole and full disposing without any intervention or opposition of the Lord. By reason whereof also it is expressly said in the 5 Article of the Charter aforesaid granted to those of Flushing by Prince William That they shall have power yearly to Commissionate the Rent master or Treasurer for Receiver of the Revenues particularly belonging or appropriated to the said Citie And for further proof may bee added that the foresaid Rent-master is bound yearly to bring in a due Account of his Receit and Administration together with his Evidences and Remains before and in the presence of the Burgomasters and Senators without making any mention of the Lord or his Commissioners passing by the very Counsellors beeing that they are particularly put in by the Lord for the administration of Justice as also to this very daie there is not the least notice taken of those things in the Lord's behalf Upon which ground also Artic. 7 ensuing the King 's Domains are pertinently distinguished from the Citie-Revenues And Artic. 8 it is again declared that the Burgomasters according to their antient privileges should have the Disposing of the Citie Revenues to emploie them to the use there rehearsed without any mention made of the Lord. It beeing likewise known that in conformitie hereof the Districts and and Lordships of Soutelanden and Coudekerck do particularly appertain at present to the Citie of Flushing the Lord not pretending the least Right or Direction therein As also in times past the Lordship of the Oost Capelle belong'd to those of Veer which afterwards they alienated to their own benefit without needing or seeking for the consent of the Marquiss And further it is as well known that both the foresaid Cities for the maintenance of their said Revenues Domains and other Rights sustein and prosecute all processes of Law actively and passively in their own name and at their own charges as likewise the Sentences pronounced in that behalf are directed to and executed accordingly onely in relation to the said Cities Sixthly the same is also strongly manifested thereby that the Cities aforesaid were privileged and autorized of old as is expressly agreed by Artic. 9 of the foresaid Charter of Prince 〈◊〉 of their own power to make themselvs such Ordinances Statutes and Inhibitions for both Civil Justice and Goâ—ernment as they shall finde good and useful for themselvs and their Inhabitants The same right and power beeing grounded partly upon the Jus directum Universitatis alleged above and partly upon the free concession of Count William or other their Lords for the better direction of the Civil Societie of the said Cities In which regard it is likewise remarkable what is further said in the tenth Article of the foresaid Charter That viz. in Case of Discrepancies in opinion about that point and differences arising thereupon about Conclusions the same should bee reserved to bee determined by the Discretion and sentence not of the Lord or Marquiss but of his Excellencie as Stadtholder of the Province assisted with the Senate in the name of the Earldom an evident testimonie that the said Cities in the point aforesaid are all subject to their Lord's feodataries In the seventh place the Assertion aforesaid is also confirmed thereby that the Collation or Conferring of most of the Offices regarding the Administration of the Civil Government there doth appertein not to the Lord but unto the Cities themselvs by reason whereof also it is notably declared Artic 7 of the Charter above-mentioned That the Burgomasters Senators and Counsellers of Flushing have the Autoritie for to create all Officers requisite for the service and maintenance of the Government there where the Officers requisite for the maintenance of the Lord's Autoritie are all of them plainly and expressly distinguished from the former Insomuch that as among other things the Lord is qualified and wont in the foresaid Cities to appoint in his own behalf for the direction and assistance of justice the Bailifs and Secretaries and for the administration ofhis Domaines and survey of the works standing on his charge certain Rent-masters and Clarks so on the other side the Cities were privileged of old not onely to appoint peculiar Treasurers and Receivers over their proper goods and revenues but likewise partly in matters of Government such as are called Assessores Universitatis Surveyors of the fortifications Water-Clarks Porters and other Ministers partly for assisting and dispatching of justice the Orphant-Masters the Sâ—out or Sheriff and elected Senators of the lands quadri-partition the Commissioners and Secretaries of the land-right together with the Clerks and messengers and som likewise to oversee the poor and hospital and other attendants belonging thereunto So also do the said Cities use of their own autoritie and without the privitie or knowledg of the Lord not onely to send their Deputies to the Assemblie of the Provincial Government but also to Commissionate som persons both for the Commissioned Council and Court of the Admiraltie as likewise for the Chamber of Accounts and the States of Wolcheren besides the Elections which are made by them too out of the Nomination of the triple number for Adventures in the East and West-Indie Companies And all this originally from that power which directly belong's unto them in matter of Policie and Government and out of respect of the particular and singular interest which the foresaid Cities have in the Conservation and prosperitie of the Province Eightly The same may further bee deduced out of the manifold Privileges and Immunities granted unto them not onely by the Earls and Countesses of Zeland as was told alreadie above but also by forrein Kings and Princes as well if not more in favor and respect of the Governors and common Inhabitants of the said Cities then for their subaltern or subordinate Lord's sake Whereunto among others especially relate's a certain Privilege given them by King Edward of England in the year 1475. to Henry van Borssele as Lord of Veer together with the Burgomasters and Governors distinguished from the Lord as also the general Inhabitants and Commons of the said Citie which then were or should bee hereafter Which kinde of Privileges especially there beeing many of them are of that validitie and weight in regard of the foresaid Cities and must so bee understood in Law that although the Lords thereof should either committ any felonie or delinquencie against the Earl as the direct Lord or have given to the said forrein Potentates any just caus of offence and merited thereby to bee deprived of the Disposition and Contents of the foresaid Privileges so far forth as concerneth them nevertheless the same could not bee
Reduction in his Government but to await the further Order of their Hi. Mi. Hereupon it was found good that Instructions should bee drawn up by the Council of State for the said Commissioners The former Proposition beeing forthwith printed and published there came out soon after these ensuing observations Som needful Animadversions upon a certain Proposition made in June 1650. within the Cities of Holland I. IT was not enough to make a Proposition to the Corporations or Councils of those places they visited but the same was likewise printed and thereby really insinuated and presented to all the Commons nay to all the world That which is spoken to every one may bee answered by any one Take it not amiss then I pray that in the behalf of the honest Commons of Holland I do say and maintein That none indeed is better able to foresee disorder and disturbance whereof the first member of the Proposition speaketh then hee that maketh and causeth the disorder and disturbance himself All the strangers Germans Brabanders French English coming into this Countrie wonder at the good order and policie that is in Holland and if that next to the blessing of God had not been the Land had been lost long ago and unless there bee yet order setled and mainteined especially in the Treasurie this good Province and Millions of Widows Orphans and other honest Inhabitants that have their monies out in publick stocks will bee undon This is so well known to all the Cities and members of Holland that it need 's no proof Sure in all Kingdoms Cities and Countries Peace is mainly made for that end to eas and disburthen the Commons How shall they bee eased or disburthen'd if that bee not taken off which the peace it self take's off and make's to ceaâ— The neighbor-Provinces especially Friesland Groninghen and the Omlands they know how to eas their Commons to som purpose The want hereof must needs draw along with it a decreas and diversion of Trade and people That the Cashiering made by the Lords of Holland happened not without foregoing and for above a twelv-month-continued communication advice and debate with his Highness with the Deputies of other Provinces with his Excellencie the Stadtholder and the Council of State the manifold Resolutions Negotiations Messages Letters and other Acts can testifie That the power of levying and disbanding or reducing of Forces should bee given up to the Council of State the same is contrarie to the first Article of the Union where every Province declare's they will keep and maintein each one's respective Soveraigntie and contrarie likewise to the 32 Article of the Instruction of the Council of State set down hereafter II. And therefore that is untrue which is said in the second Section III. It is no change then no breach nor dissolution but a punctual observing and mainteining of the Union Artic. 5. what the Lords of Holland have don Under the very Kings and Monarchs their Subjects much more the States and Parlaments have and maintein a proprietie still and a free disposing of of their purses goods and possessions If the King would have ought of the Inhabitants it must bee don by way of entreatie not threats and forcing The very word Beden used in Braband plainly implie's thus much it happeneth frequently nay every year in Brâ—band Flanders and other Spanish Countries that the King praying in that kinde is paid with a flat and down-right denial In Braband it is a thing known in the streets how much more then in these Provinces where the States themselvs are Soveraigns now ought it to remain in their free power to consent and yield or not what is prayed in the Councils Petition who themselvs are in Service Commission and swoâ—â— to them there is no year but the States are prayed and entreated for the continuance of the State of war that is to say of all the Armie And verily in the midst of war the States had power and freedom to continue or discontinue the same as likewise several other incidents of Leaguer-charges of Subsidies to the West-Indie-Companie of casting Ordnance of lodging-monie of buying ammunition paying for Fortification c. In the midst of war many thousands have now and then by greater and lesser parties in Regiments and Companies been discontinued Holland as more interessed in it alone then all the rest hath alwaies brought in the weightiest portion and therefore most concerned in the good order and managing thereof as also beeing here in loco and best acquainted with the affairs of the Generalitie hath alwaies been the readiest and forwardest to observ and shew what charges were useless and fit to bee forborn The like Disbandings and Reductions or Discontinuations have been practised in the very height of our wars as immediately after the loss of Breda 1625. and afterwards after the Reduction of the Bosch in 1629. and of Mastricht and further in the years 1640. 1642. 1647 though I say wee were in war still Holland going before the rest of the Provinces followed not as if Holland thereby sought or arrogated a special Prerogative unto her self above or over the rest but onely doing that which all the others might have don viz discontinuing their consent beeing commonly the first for that they are in loco and can alwaies bee the readiest and this condition of theirs beeing wholesom and advantagious for the other Provinces Holland in all reason should have heartie thanks rather However if the other Provinces are pleased to continue charged it was left to their freedoms although it was never seen but the rest of the Provinces would alwaies in this point follow the laudable pattern of Holland and hitherto it succeeded well Beeing now in peace what reason is there that wee should not discharge things useless and unnecessarie I see no need wee have of continuing entertainments to Governors Colonels and a numberless companie of other Camp-Officers There is no need of it That Captains Commanders c. go all bedaubed and besmeared with gold and silver upon their clothes whilest the poor Commons are glad to feed on a piece of drie bread and must often carrie their children supperless to bed It can bee no good advice to entertain strange Forces or Troops and Souldiers of Forein Nations When Kings and Princes bring in such it is a shrewd sign they intend to tyrannize or to introduce an absolute arbitrarie Government Do not wee see now at this time that Scotland though threatned and in danger by England yet will not suffer their King to bring in there any strange Forces and so it is likewise every where els Nevertheless for such Supernumerarie and Forein Souldier's sake at Utrecht Reenen Wagoningen Arnheim Campen Deventer Swoll Dort Delft Rotterdam Shiedam Tolen Ziricksea der Goes Lewarden Franecker Harlingeen Bolsweert Sneeck and many other places for the great entertainments sake of Colonels Lievtenant-Colonels c. which were not in use in the hottest times of all the war for it
the King of Spain nevertheless alwaies with this express reservation and limitation that the same land and each Province apart should remain and bee maintained in their own peculiar Policie Rights and liberties wherein they had continued from all antiquities so that the one Countrie or Dominion should pretend no Right or Seigniorie over the other to disposess the same in any kinde of it's Rights and liberties but they should bee obliged and engaged each to other in concord and equal Degree By the Union of Utrecht the Countries engaged themselvs together as if they were but one Province namely in that they might not bee separated but wâ—re bound to help and assist one another without inâ—ringing or impairing nevertheless the special and particular Privileges Liberties Exemtions Rights Statutes laudable and well-maintained Customs Uâ—ances and any other peculiar advantages of any one of the Provinces or particular Cities Members and Inhabitants thereof Now where there is such an Union it may well bee questioned whether the one Member ought to exalt it self over the other by reason of his prosperitie and power They make up all but one Bodie to the preservation whereof each Member hath chearfully contributed its part for if one hath afforded more means the other hath protected and defended the Rivers and passages the third hath hazarded his Countrie and lost his Cities with standing it out to the utmost against the Common Enemie The Illuâ—trious Princes of Orange of happie Memories they have contriâ—uted thereunto their wise and couragious direction and Conduct and hazarded their persons lives and estates thereby and thus every one hath brought and contributed somthing of that which was requisiâ—e and necessarie for the forming and framing of the Common State The War never bâ—gan betwixt the Netherlanders but was undertaken by the Netherlanders against the Spaniards This is that the Letter of the Nobilitie Gentrie and Cities of Holland written to the States General of the Provinces assembled at Brussels under Date of Sept. 12 1573 drive's at saying Wee do hope that you shall never bee able to forget the chearful and friendlie faithfulness which in former times wee alwaies did and still do bear one to the other iâ— beeing our dutie before both God and Men and wee for our parts beeing still resolved and ready for it Do but remember it beeing the very truth that wee do not wage War the one against the other for wee never offended one another neither in great nor small concernments but all our strife and War is onely and mâ—erly against the Government of forrein Nations The Confederacie of the Union of the Netherlands is Offensive and Defensive for ever and alwaies against al and every one who or how qualified soëver they may bee that shall attemt actually to infringe the special and particular Privileges of the Countries insomuch that the chiefest condition of the Union among the rest to maintein the Countries in their Rights one of which without all peradventure must bee the Government for the Union was made for their advantage and not for their dammage The King of Spainâ— caused offers to bee made at the Treaties at Breda of Cullen and at all others since That hee would keep and maintein the Countries both in general and in particular in all their Privileges Rights Laws and Customs so as the same had been before the Troubles and if any thing were changed and impaired the same should bee restored beeing made known In prosecution of which ground the States of the United Netherlands have often and at several times summoned the States of the Countries subject to the Spanish Government and among the rest in a certain Letter of theirs dated June 7. 1602 â—used these words Onely wee do still most friendly desire exhort and entreat you seriously to reflect upon the prais-wâ—rthie reputation which you and your forefathers have gotten to themselvs for som hundred of years and left the same to us upon record for a rule that still wee should bee upright Defenders and Protectors of the Rights and Freedoms of the Netherlands in general and of the Countries or Provinces the Members Cities and Inhabitants thereof in particular By waie of distinguishing the Provinces and Cities on this side joined together by a Common Union the Provinces and Cities of the Netherlands beeing under Spain are by this State called the Invaded Countries In the reduction of the Cities of Braband to the Union it was especially conditioned and promised that the Cities and Inhabitants thereof should be mainteined in their Rights Privileges and immunities The States General of the United Netherlands declared but lately by their Letter of March 14 last year to all the Cities of the Union That they had appointed his High s Prince William of Orange Captain and Admiral General over the people of War in service of this State for the maintenance of the Union the Right and Privileges of the Land the members and Cities thereof The States of Holland declared Febr. 19 of the same year concerning the Union That the Provinces are bound to assist one the other with life and goods and to abide together not suffering themselvs to bee divided and if this bee to bee understood of such which desired to bee under the Union and continue to desire the same The Nobilitie Gentrie and Cities of Braband have alwaies desired the same and declare hereby that they are constantly and extremely desirous of it By deputation of the States in the year 1586 Febr. 1. the Earl of Leicester was appointed Governor and Captain General of the United Provinces to wit of Gelderland Zutphen Flanders Holland and Westfriesland Zealand Utrecht Friesland together with their Associates And by the Act of that daie there were put into the hands of the said Earl the General Means of Consumtion or Revenues of Gelderland Flanders and associated Cities of Braband And in pursuance of the foresaid Commission the Earl made Oath to the States of the United Provinces and their Associates and the States reciprocally to the Earl in the name both of their own respective Provinces and the said Associates The States General of the United Provinces do address the Inscription of their Letters for publick Bid and Fasting daies and other things concerning the common affairs and and interest to the Cities of Braband on this side under the name of Associates And divers Cities of the United Provinces in their particular Letters to the Cities of Braband do design themselvs their Confederates Nay The Treatie between France England and the States General concluded ult Octob. 1596. import's expressly That the Ambassadors do in the name and behalf of the King of France and Queen of England and their Successors receiv and associate with the States General of the United Netherlandish Provinces to wit Gelderland and Zutphen Holland and West-Friesland Zealand Utrecht Friesland Over-Yssell Groninghen and Omlands together with the Gentrie Cities and Forts of Brabaâ—d those that were United then with the
assertion and maintenance of the said Prince his Right Their High ss do finde themselvs necessitated so much as the shortness of time and the unlooked for unexspected precipitancie permitteth summarily to saie and deduce before you That in the foresaid Considerations and advice of the Commissioned Council of your N. M. it appeareth That therein they have represented and laid down before your N. M. as just grounds That the Election of the Burgomasters in the foresaid Cities as beeing the heads of the Government and Members of the Common Councils should have been made heretofore by their High ss as they were Stadtholders of the Province and therefore through their Deceas the same should manifestly bee devolved again into the Bosom of the Earldom And that the said Earldom might now henceforward either make the said Election themselvs or confer the same upon the Cities aforesaid And by further privilege enable them for the choosing of persons to supplie the vacant places in the Common Councils absolutely and definitively by themselvs Whereby seeing that his High ss should com to bee deprived of his Rights lawfully belonging to him and the Princes of Orange his fore-fathers as Marquises Wee shall shew for the assertion of his High s Right and confutation of the foresaid Councils Considerations and Advice all along as the said Commissioned Council hath chalked out the waie in handling and propounding this matter That touching what the Commissioned Council deduced at large how the Cities of Flushing and Veer had originally and before ever they came under particular Lords Ex jure Universitatis their own and peculiar autoritie in matter of government and that the same is not taken from but left entire to them after that the Cities were by the Earls transported to the particular Lords So as that the same distinct Right appertaining to the Lord on the one side and to the Magistrates on the other is endeavored to bee prooved by the foresaid Considerations from the beginning all along to the 50. Article From the contracts agreements and transactions both antient and of later times made by the Governors of the said Cities with the particular Lords of them in the years 1530. and 1582. As also with the Lords the States of this Province touching their indemnitie in regard of the assurance made to the Q. of England in the year 1585. And the contracts and negotiations with forrein Princes particularly that of the year 1612. about the foundation of the Staple for Scottish wares at Veer Item From the Privileges and Immunities granted to the foresaid Cities within their Kingdoms and particularly that that of Edward King of England in the year 1475. As likewise from the possession and enjoyment of the goods and revenues of old and still belonging to the said Cities together with the disposing of the same and appointing of Officers for the Administration thereof and calling of them to account as also the conferring of the charges regarding the administration of the Government of those Cities and the undertaking and prosecuting processes at Law actively and passively for the maintenance of their Rights and Revenues And surthermore from that the said Cities were privileged of old of their own accord to make any such Ordinances Statutes and Inhibitions both concerning Civil Justice and Government as they shall finde requisite for the good and advantage of them and their Inhabitants Hereupon your No. Mi. may bee pleased to understand in his High s behalf that forasmuch as there is no difference or question about those things nor any thing pertinent hitherto to the matter in hand for the deciding of the main point in Question all these instances might well have been past by With this proviso and limitation nevertheless that the 34 36 38 40 42 43 44 and 45 Articles bee understood and granted no otherwise and further then that what is touched there and in other Articles concerning Government ought to bee don with consent of the Bailiff and in the Name of the Lord Marquiss Nevertheless seeing that the Lord of the Commission'd Council take upon them to deduce and assert from hence a fundamental right for their purpose The Council of his Highness by waie of Replie succinctly sheweth That nothing of all this can or ought to com into any consideration in such sort as if it were or had been pretended in the Lord Marquise's behalf that the Magistrates of the foresaid Cities had no Right or power there in matter of Government belonging to them without the Lord but depended absolutely and in all things of them as the same is touched in the 31 Article of the said Considerations That all their Deducings neither can bee so absolutely in all parts yielded unto to that end whereunto they labor to reduce it And particularly not the inference which is drawn thence in prejudice of the Marquiss his Right and Due Artic. 13 namely That since the Letters of Investiture there are not together with the Concession of the high middle and low Jurisdiction in express terms conferred all manner of functions and requisites necessarie for the direction of a Civil Societie therefore it should follow that whatsoëver served to that end and did not belong to the acts of Sovereigntie or was not expressly named in the Letter of Investiture was to bee left and reserved to the Citie The Right which apperteineth to the Lord Marquiss in the Cities is easie to bee found by the Letters of Transport and Investiture made by the Earls to the Lords more then those Letters import the Marquiss doth not desire nor pretend to in regard of either the Earldom or the Cities And so on the other side it is assuredly hoped your N. M. will not take away or dispossess the Marquiss of his Rights and Prerogatives by lawful title acquired as indeed could not bee avoided in case the Advice of the Commissioned Council should bee followed The Citie of Veer hath ever been under particular Lords nay and by such it is believed shee was built upon their own ground and the Citie of Flushing beeing in the year 1477 com by Sale and Cession to the said Lord of Veer the same by the Letters thereof was transported to the Lord with all that belong'd to it nothing excepted with all the Jurisdiction High Mean and Low and furthermore with all manner of Freedom and Rights enjoied there by the Earls onely the Sovereigntie resort and homage reserved The Emperor Charls in the year 1555 erected both the Cities of Flushing and Veer besides other Lordships and Districts named in the Letters into a Marquisate and incorporated and united the same to a full-Fief and Homage of one and the same nature and condition with the like reserv onely as before With which Universitie the Marquiss beeing invested there is conferred therewithal upon him not onely the Rights of personal Dignitie but together with the Universitie all the jurisdictional parts and interests which the Superior Lord had there To which purpose