Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	john_n	king_n	richard_n	10,255	5	8.9631	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
B12208	The copie of a leter, vvryten by a Master of Arte of Cambrige, to his friend in London concerning some talke past of late betvven tvvo vvorshipful and graue men, about the present state, and some procedinges of the Erle of Leycester and his friendes in England. Conceyued, spoken and publyshed, vvyth most earnest protestation of al duetyful good vvyl and affection, tovvardes her most excellent Ma. and the realm, for vvhose good onely it is made common to many.	Morgan, Thomas, 1543-1606, attributed name.; Parsons, Robert, 1546-1610, attributed name.	1584 (1584)	STC 5742.9; ESTC S108682	125,586	206

admitted to the Crovvn Yonge Arthure also Duke of Bretaigne by his mother Constance that matched vvith Geffray K. Henrie the secondes sonne vvas declared by K. Richard his Pol. lib. 15 Flor. hist 1208. vncle at his departure tovvardes Ierusalem and by the vvhole Realm for lavvfull heire apparent to the Crovvne of England though he vvere borne in Bretaigne out of English alleagiaunce and so he vvas taken and adiudged by all the vvorlde at that day albeit after king Richards death his Kinge Ioh● a Tyraunt other vncle Iohn moste Tyrannouslie toke both his kingdome and his lyfe from him For vvhich notable iniustice he vvas detested of all men both abrode at home and most apparentlie scourged by God vvith grieuous and manifolde plagues both vppon him selfe and vppon the Realme vvhich yeelded to his vsurpation So that by this also it appeareth vvhat the practize of our countrie hath bene from tyme to tyme in this case of forreine birth vvhich practize is the best interpretor of our common English lavv vvhich dependeth especialie and moste of al vpon custome nor can the aduersarie aleage anie one example to the contrarie Their sixt is of the iudgement and sentence of K. The sixt reason The iudgement and sentence of K Henry the seuenth Henrie the seuēth and of his Councell vvho being together in consulation at a certaine tyme about the mariage of Margaret his eldest daughter into Scotland some of his Councell moued this doubt vvhat should ensue if by chaunce the kinges issue male should faile and so the succession deuolue to the heires of the said Margaret as novv it doth VVherunto that vvise and moste prudent Prince made ansvvere that if anie such euent should be it could not be preiudicial to England being the bigger parte but rather beneficial for that it should dravve Scotland to Englād that is the lesser to the more euen as in tymes paste it hapened in Nor mandie Aquitane and some other Prouinces VVhich ansvvere apeased all doubtes and gaue singular contention to thes of his Councell as Polidore vvriteth that liued at that tyme and vvrote the special matters of that reigne by the kinges ovvn instruction So that hereby vve see no question made of K. Henrie or his Councellours tovvching forreine birth to let the succession of Ladie Margarets issue vvhich no doubt vvould neuer haue bene omitted in that learned assemblie if anie lavv at that tyme had bene estemed or imagined to barre the same And thes are sixe of their principalest reasons to proue that neither by the vvordes nor meaning of our common lavves nor yet by custom or practize of our Realm an Alien may be debarred frō claime of his interest to the Crovvn vvhen it falleth to him by rightful discent in blood and successiō But in the particular case of the Q. of Scottes and her The seuenth reason The Q of Scot. and her sonne no Aliens sonne they do ad another reason or tvvo therby to proue thē in verie deed to be no Aliens Not only in respect of their often cōtinual mixture vvith English blood frō the beginning and especialie of late the Q Graūdmother husbād being English so her sonne begoten of an English father but also for tvvo other causes reasōs vvhich seme in trueth of verie good importaunce The first is for that Scotland by al Englishe men hovv so euer the Scottes denie the same is taken holdē as subiect to Englād by vvay of Homage vvhich manie of their kinges at diuers tymes haue acknovvledged cōsequētlie the Q. and her sonne being borne in Scotland are not borne out of the aleagiaunce of England and so no forreyners The second cause or reason is for that the forenamed statute of forreyners in the fyue and tvventie yeare of K. Edvvard the third is intituled of those that are borne beyond the seas And in the bodie of the same statute the doubt is moued of children borne out of English aleagiaunce beyond the seas vvherby cannot be vnderstood Scotlād for that it is a peece of the cōtinent land vvithin the seas And al our olde recordes in England that talke of seruice to be done vvithin thes tvvo countries haue vsualy thes latin vvordes infra quatuor Maria or in frensh deins lez quatre mers that is vvithin the foure seas vvherby must needes be vnderstood as vvel Scotland as England and that perhapes for the reason before mentioned of the subiectiō of Scotland by vvay of Homage to the Crovvn of England In respect vvherof it may be that it vvas accompted of olde but one dominion or aleagiaunce And consequently no man borne therin can be accompted an Alien to England And this shal suffice for the first point touching forreine Natiuitie For the secōd impedimēt obiected vvhich is the The second impediment against the Q. of Scot. and her sonne vvhich is K. Hērie the eight his Testament Testamēt of K. Hērie the eight authorized by parliamēt vvherby they affirme the successiō of Scotland to be excluded it is not precisely true that they are excluded but only that they are put back behīd the succession of the house of Suffolk For in that pretended Testamēt vvhich after shal be proued to be none indeed king Henrie so disposeth that after his ovvn children if they should chaunce to die vvithout issue the Crovvn shal passe to the heirs of Fraunces and of Elenore his neipces by his yonger sister Marie Q. of Fraunce and after them deceasing also vvithout issue ●he succession to returne to the next heires againe VVherby it is euidēt that the successiō of Margaret Q. of Scotlād his eldest sister is not excluded but thrust back only frō their due place and order to expect the remainder vvhich may in tyme be left by the yonger VVherof in mine opinion do ensue some considerations Forreine birth no impediment in the iudgment of K. Henry the eight against the present pretenders them selues First that in K. Henries iudgement the former pretended rule of forreine birth vvas no sufficient impedimēt against Scotlād for if it had bene no doubt but that he vvould haue named the same in his aleaged Testament and therby haue vtterlie excluded that succession But there is no such thing in the Testament Secondlie yf they admit this Testament vvhich The succession of Scotland nexte by the iudgment of the cōpetitours alloteth the Crovvn to Scotlād next after Suffolk then seing that al the house of Suffolk by thes mens assertion is cexcluded by Bastardie it must needes folovv that Scotland by their ovvn iudgement is next and so this testament vvil make against them as indeed it doth in al pointes moste apparentlie but onelie that it preferreth the house of Suffolk before that of Scotland And therfore I think Sir that you mistake somvvhat about their opinion in aleaging this Testament For I suppose that no man of my Lord of Huntingtons faction vvil aleage or vrge the testimonie of

it is a general and common The rule of thirds rule of lavv that the vvyfe after the decease of her husband shal enioy the thyrd of his landes but yet the Queene shal not enioye the third parte of the Crovvn after the kings death as vvel appeareth by experience and is to be seene by lavv Anno. 5. 21. of Edvvard the third and Tennant by courtisie Anno. 9. 28. of Henrie the sixte Also it is a common rule that the husband shal hold his vvyues lands after her death as tennaunt by courtisie duringe his life but yet it holdeth not in a kingdom In like maner it is a general and common rule Diuision among daughters that if a man die seased of lād in fee simple hauing daughters and no sonne his landes shal be deuided by equal portions among his daughters vvhich holdeth not in the Crovvn but rather the eldest daughter inheriteth the vvhole as if she vvere the issue male So also it is a common rule of our lavv Executours that the executour shal haue al the goodes and chattels of the testatour but yet not in the Crovvn And so in manie other cases vvhich might be recited it is euident that the Crovvn hath priuiledge aboue others and can be subiect to no rule be it neuer so general except expresse mention be made therof in the same lavv as it is not in the former place and a statute alleaged but rather to the contrarie as after shal be shevved ther is expresse exception for the prerogatiue of such as descend of Royal blood Their second reason is for that the demaund or The secōd reason title of a Crovvn cannot in true sense be comprehended vnder the vvordes of the former statute forbidding Aliens to demaund heritage vvithin The Crovvn no such inheritaunce as is meant in the statute the alegiaunce of England and that for tvvoe respectes The one for that the Crovvn it self cannot be called an heritage of alegiaunce or vvithin alegiaunce for that it is holden of no superior vpon earth but immediatelie from God him self the seconde for that this statute treateth onlie and meaneth of inheritaunce by discēt as heire to the same for I haue shevved before that Aliens may holde lādes by pourchase vvithin our dominion then say they the Crovvn is a thing incorporat descēdeth not according to the cōmon course of other priuate inheritaunces but goeth by succession as other incorporations do In signe vvherof it is euident The Crovvn a corporation that albeit the king be more fauoured in al his doinges then anie common person shal be yet cannot he auoide by lavv his grauntes and letters patentes by reason of his nonage as other infantes common heires vnder age may do but alvvayes be said to be of ful age in respecte of his Crovvn euen as a Prior Person Vicare Deane or other person incorporat shal be vvhiche cannot by anie meanes in lavv be said to be vvithin age in respect of their incorporations VVhich thing maketh an euident difference in our case frō the meaning of the former statute for that a Prior Deane or Person being aliens and no denizens might alvvayes in tyme of peace demaund landes in England in respect of their corporations notvvythstanding the sayd statute or common lavv against aliens as apeateth by manie boke cases yet extant as also by the statute made in the tyme of K. Richard the secōd vvhich vvas after the foresaid statute of king Edvvard the third The third reason is for that in the former statute The third reason it selfe of K. Edvvard ther are excepted expreslie frō this general rule INFANTES DV ROY that is the The Kīgs issue excepted by name kings ofspring or issue as the vvord INFANT doth signifie bothe in Fraunce Portugale Spaine and other countries as the latin vvord liberi vvhich ansvvereth the same is taken commonlie in the L. liberorum F. de verb sign Ciuil lavv Neither may vve restreine the french vvordes of that statute INFANTES DV ROY to the kings childrē onlie of the first degre as some do for that the barraynnes of our lāguage doth yeld vs no other vvorde for the same but rather that therby are vnderstood as vvel the nephevves and other discendantes of the king or blood Royal as his immediate children For it vvere both vnreasonable and ridiculous to imagine that K. Edvvar● by this statute vvould goe about to disinherit hi● ovvn nephevves yf he shoulde haue any borne ou● of his ovvn aleagiaunce as easilie he myght a● that tyme his sonnes being much abrode from England and the blacke Prince his eldest sonne hauing tvvoe children borne beyonde the seas and consequentlie it is apparent that this rule o● Maxima set dovvn against Aliens is no vvay to be stretched against the descendantes of the king or of the blood Royal. Their fourth reason is that the meaning of king The fovvrth reason The kīgs meaning Edvvard and his children liuing at such tyme as this statute vvas made could not be that anie of their linage or issue might be excluded in lavv from inheritaunce of their right to the Crovvn by their forreine byrth vvhersoeuer For othervvise it is not credible that they vvould so much haue dispersed their ovvn bloode in other countries as they did by giuing their daughters to straungers and other meanes As Leonel the The matches of England vvyth forreyners kinges third sonne vvas married in Millan and Iohn of Gaunte the fourth sonne gaue his tvvoe daughters Phylippe and Katherine to Portugal Castile and his neipce Ioan to the king of Scottes as Thomas of VVoodstock also the yongest brother married his tvvoe davvghters the one to the king of Spain and the other to the Duke of Brytane VVhich no doubt they being vvyse Princes and so neere of the bloode Royal vvould neuer haue done yf they had imagined that herebie their issue should haue lost al clayme and title to the Crovvn of England and therfore it is moste euident that no such barre vvas then extante or imagined Their fift reasō is that diuers persons borne out The fifte reason Exāples of forreiners admitted of al English dominion and aleagiaunce both before the conquest and sithence haue bene admitted to the succession of oure Crovvne as lavvful inheritours vvythoute anie exception againste them for theyr forreyne byrthe As before the conquest is euident in yong Edgar Etheling borne in Hungarie and thence called home to inherit the Crovvn by his great vncle king Edvvard the Confessor vvith ful consent of the vvhole Realm the Bishop of VVorcester being sent as Ambassador to Flores hist An. 1066. fetch him home vvith his father named Edvvard the ovvtlavve And since the conquest it appeareth plainlie in kinge Stephen and kinge Henrie the seconde bothe of them borne out of English dominions and of Parentes that at their birth vvere not of the English alleagiaunce and yet vvere they both

and had borne him out in certaine of his vvickednes or at least not punished the same after it vvas detected and complained vpon the parties grieued accompting the crime more proper and hainous on the parte of him vvho by office should do iustice and protect other then of the perpetrator vvho folovveth but his ovvn passion and sensualitie let passe Attalus and made their reuenge vpon the blood and life of the king him self by one Pausanias Pausanias suborned for that purpose in the mariage day of the kings ovvn daughter Great store of like examples might be repeated out of the stories of other countries nothing being more vsual or frequēt amōg al nations then the afflictions of Realmes and kingedomes and the ouerthrovv of Princes and great potentates them selues by their to much affection tovvardes some vnvvorthie particular persons a thing inded so common and ordinarie as it may vvel seme to be the specialest rock of al other vvherat kinges and Princes do make their shipvvrackes For if vve loke into the states and Monarchies of al Christendom and consider the ruines that haue bene of anie Prince or ruler vvithin the same vve shal finde this point to haue bene a great and principal parte of the cause therof and in our ovvn state coūtry the matter is toto euidēt For vvheras Kinges of Englād ouer throvven by to much fauoring of some particular men since the conquest vve number principalie thre iust and lavvful kinges to haue come to cōfusion by alienation of their subiectes that is Edvvard the second Richard the second and Henry the sixt this onlie point of to much fauour tovvardes vvicked persons vvas the chiefest cause of destruction in al thre As in the first the excessiue fauour tovvardes Peter Gauesten and tvvo of the Spencers In the second the like extraordinarie and indiscrete affection K. Edvvard 2. tovvardes Robert Vere Earle of Oxeford and Marques of Dubline and Thomas Movvbray tvvo K. Richard 2. moste turbulent and vvicked men that set the kinge againste his ovvne vncles and the nobilitie In the third being a simple and holie man albeit no great exorbitant affection vvas sene tovvards K. Henrie 6. any yet his vvife Quene Margarets to much fauour and credit by him not controled tovvards the Marques of Suffolke that after vvas made Duke by vvhos instinct and vvicked Counsail she made avvay first the noble Duke of Glocester and aftervvard committed other thinges in great preiudice of the Realm and suffred the said moste impious sinful Duke to range make hauock of al sorte of subiectes at his pleasure much after the fashion of the Earle of Leycester novv though yet not in so high and extreme a degre this I say vvas the principal and original cause both before God and man as Polidore vvel noteth of al the Pol. lib. 23. hist Angl. calamitie and extreme desolation vvhich after ensued both to the kinge Queene and theyr onelie child vvith the vtter extirpation of theyr familie And so likevvyse novv to speak in our particular case if ther be anie grudge or griefe at this day anie mislike repining complaint or murmure against her Ma. gouernment in the hartes of her true and faithful subiectes vvho vvish amendmēt of that vvhich is amisse and not the ouerthrovv of that vvhich is vvel as I trovv it vvere no vvisdom to imagine ther vvere none at al I dare auouch vpon conscience that either al or the greatest parte therof procedeth from this man vvho by the fauour of her Ma. so afflicteth her people as neuer did before him either Gauestō or Spēcer or Vere or Movvbray or anie other mischieuous Tyraunt that abused moste his Princes fauour vvithin our Realm of England VVherby it is euident hovv profitable a thing it should be to the vvhole Realme hovv honorable to her Ma. and hovv grateful to al her subiectes if this man at length might be called to his accompt LAVV. Sir quoth the Lavvyer you aleage great reason and verilie I am of opinion that if her Ma. knevv but the tenth parte of this vvhich you haue here spoken as also her good subiectes desires and complaint in this behalfe she vvould vvel shevv that her highnes feareth not to permit iustice to passe vpon Leycester or anie other vvithin her Realm for satisfaction of her people vvhat soeuer some men may think and report to the contrarie or hovv soeuer othervvise of her ovvne mylde disposition or good affection tovvardes the person she haue borne vvith him hitherto For so vve see that vvise Princes can do at tymes conuenient for peace tranquilitie and publique vveale though contrarie to their ovvn particular and peculiar inclination As to goe no furder then to the last example named and aleaged by your self before though Queene Margaret the vvife of K. Henrie the sixt The punishemēt of VVilliā Duke of Suffolke had fauoured moste vnfortunatlie manie yeares together VVillm Duke of Suffolke as hath bene said vvherby he committed manifold outrages afflicted the Realm by sundrie meanes yet she being a vvoman of great prudence vvhen she savv the vvhole communaltie demaund iustice vppon him for his demerites albeit she liked and loued the man still yet for satisfaction of the people vpon so general a complaint she vvas content An. 30. of King● Hērie 6. first to commit him to prison and aftervvard to banish him the Realm but the prouidence of God vvould not permit him so to escape for that he being incountred and taken vpon the sea in his passage he vvas beheaded in the ship and so receyued some parte of condigne punishment for his most vvicked loose and licentious life And to seeke no more examples in this case vve knovv into vvhat fauour and special grace Sir Edmond Dudley my Lord of Leycesters good Graundfather vvas crept vvith king Henrie the seuenth in the later end of his reigne and vvhat intollerable vvickednes mischiefe he vvrought againste the vvhole Realme and againste infinit particular persons of the same by the poolinges oppressions vvhich he practised vvherby though the king receyued great temporal commoditie at that tyme as her Ma. doth nothing at al by the present extorsions of his nephevv yet for iustice sake for meere compassion tovvardes The punishmēt of Edmond Dudley his afflicted subiectes that complained greuouslie of this iniquitie that moste vertuous and vvise Prince K. Henrie vvas content to put from him this levvde instrument and deuillishe suggestour of nevv exactions vvhom his sonne Henrie that insued in the Crovvn caused presentlie before al other busines to be called publiquelie to accompt and for his desertes to leese his head So as vvhere the interest of a vvhole Realm or cōmon cause of manie taketh place the priuate fauour of anie one cannot stay a vvise and godlie Prince such as al the vvorld knovveth her Ma. to be frō permitting iustice to haue her free passage GENTL Truelie it should not quoth the

vvorld taketh this man to be should grovv to so absolute authoritie and commaundrie in the Court as to place about the Princesse person the head the Preocupation of her Ma. person hart the lyf of the land vvhat so euer people liketh him best that not vpon their desertes tovvardes the Prince but tovvardes him self vvhose fidelitie being more obliged to their aduaūcer then to their soueraign do serue for vvatchmen about the same for the ꝓfit of him by vvhos apointmēt they vvere placed VVho by their meanes casting indeed but Nettes Chaynes īuisible bādes about that person vvhō moste of al he pretēdeth to serue he shutteth vp his Prince in a prison moste sure though svveet and senselesse An ordinarie vvaye of aspiring by preocupation of the Princes person Neither is this arte of aspiring nevv or straunge vnto anie man that is experienced in affaires of former tyme for that it hath bene from the beginning of al gouernment a troden path of al aspirers In the stories both Sacred and Prophane forrein and domestical of al natiōs kingdomes countries and states you shal reade that such as meant to mount aboue other and to gouern al at their ovvn discretion did laye this for the first grounde and principle of their purpose to possesse them selues A Comparison of al such as vvere in place about the principal euē as he vvho intending to holde a great Citie at his ovvn disposition nor dareth make open vvarre against the same getteth secretlie into his handes or at his deuotion al the Tovvnes Villages Castles Fortresses Bulvvarkes Rampires vvaters vvayes Portes and passages about the same and so vvyth out dravving anie svvord against the said Citie he bringeth the same into bondage to abide his vvil pleasure This did all these in the Romane Empire vvho rose from subiectes to be great Princes and to put dovvne Emperours This did al those in Fraunce and other kingdomes vvho at sundrie tymes haue tyrānized their Princes And in our ovvn countrie the examples are manifest of Vortiger Harolde Henrye of Lancaster Rycharde of VVarvvyk Richard of Glocester Iohn of Nortumberland and diuers others vvho by this meane specialie haue pulled dovvn their Lavvful soueraignes And to speake onlie a vvord or tvvo of the last for that he vvas this mans father doth not al England knovv that he first ouerthrevv the good The vvay of aspirīg in Duke Dudley Duke of Sommerset by dravving to his deuotion the verie seruauntes and friendes of the said Duke And aftervvard did not he possesse him self of the kinges ovvn person and brought him to the end vvhich is knovvē before that to the moste shāful disheriting of his ovvn Royal Sisters al this by possessing first the principall mē that vvere in authoritie about him VVherfore Sir yf my Lord of Leycester haue the same plot in his head as most men think and that he meaneth one daye to giue the same pushe at the Crovvn by the house of Huntington against al the race and line of king Henrie the seuenth in general vvhich his father gaue bef … him by pretence of the house of Suffolk against the children of king Henrie the eight in particular he vvanteth not reason to folovv the same meanes platform of planting special persōs for his purpose about the Prince for surelie his fathers plot lacked no vvittie deuice or preparation but onlie that God ouerthrevv it at the instant as happelie he may doe this mans also notvvithstanding any diligence that humane vvisdom can vse to the contrarie GENTL To this said the Gentleman that my Lord of Leicester hath a purpose to shoot one day at the Diademe by the title of Huntington is not a thing obscure in it self and it shal be more plainelie proued heerafter But novv vv●l I sh●vv v●to you for your instruction hovv vvel ●his man hath folovved his fathers platform or rather passed the same in possessing him self of al her Ma. seruaunts friendes and forces to serue his turne at that tyme for execution and in the meane space for preparation First in the Priuie chamber next vnto her Ma. Leycester povver in the pri●y chamber person the moste parte are his ovvn creatures as he calleth them that is such as acknovvledg their being in that place from him and the rest he so ouer-ruleth either by flatterie or feare as none may dare but to serue his turn And his reigne is so absolute in this place as also in al other partes of the Court as nothing can passe but by his admission nothīg can be said done or signified vvherof he is not particularly aduertised no bill no supplicatiō no complainte no sute no speach can passe from anie man to the Princesse except it be from one of the Councell but by his good lyking or if ther do he being admonished therof as presently he shal the partie delinquēt is sure after to abide the smart therof VVherby he holdeth as it vvere a lock vpō the eares of his Prince and the tongues of al her Ma. seruauntes so surelie chained to his girdle as no man dareth to speake anie one thing that may offend him though it be neuer so true or behouefull for hir Ma. to knovve Leycester married at vvaensteade vvhen her Ma. vvas at M. Stoners hous Doctor Culpeper Phisitian Minister As vvel apeared in his late mariage vvith Dame Essex vvhich albeit it vvas celebrated tvvise first at Killingvvorth and secondlie at VVaensteade in the presence of the Erle of vvarvvick L. North Sir Fran. Knooles others and this exactly knovven to the vvhole Court vvith the verie daye the place the vvitnesses and the Minister that married them together yet no man durst open his mouth to make her Ma. priui● therunto vntil Monsieur Simiers disclosed the same and therby incurred his high displeasure nor yet in manie dayes after for feare of Leycester VVhich is a subiection most dishonorable daungerous to anie Prince liuing to stand at the deuotion of his subiect vvhat to heare or not to heare of thinges that passe vvithin his ovvne Realme And hereof it folovveth that no sute can preuaile No su●e can pass● but by Leycester Reade in Court be it neuer so meane except he first be made acquainted thervvith and receiue not onlie the thankes but also be admitted vnto a great part of the gaine commoditie therof VVhich as it is Polidore in the 7. yeare of K Rich ● and yovv shal finde this proced●ng of certaine abou●e that K to be put as a great cause of his oue●throvv a great iniurie to the suter so is it a far more greater to the boūtie honour security of the Prince by vvhose liberalitie this man feedeth onlie for tifieth him self depriuing his soueraign of al grace thanks good vvil for the same For vvhich cause also he giueth out o●dinarilie to euery suter that her Ma. is nigh parsimonious of her self very difficile to

vigilant an eye to the lateral line of K. Edvvard the fourth by his brother of Clarence as they thought it necessarie not onlie to preuent al euident daungers that might ensue that vvaye but euen the possibilities of al peril as may vvel appeare by the execution of Edvvard Earle of VVarvvike before named sonne and heire to the said Duke of Clarence and of Margaret his sister Countesse of Salisburie vvith the Lord Henrie Montague her sonne by vvhos daughter the Earle Persons executed of the house of Clarēce of Huntington novv claimeth Al vvhich vvere executed for auoiding of inconueniences and that at such tymes vvhen no imminent daunger could be much doubted by that Line especialie by the later And yet novv vvhen one of the same house and line of more habilitie and ambition then euer anie of his auncestors vvere maketh open title and claime to the Crovvn vvith plotes packes and preparations to moste manifest vsurpation against al order al lavv and al rightful succession against a special statute prouided in that behalf yet is he permitted borne out fauored and friended therin and no man so hardie as in defence of her Ma. and Realm to controle him for the same It may be that her Ma. is brought into the same opinion of my L. of Huntingtons fidelitie as Iulius The example of Iulius Caesars destruction Caesar vvas of Marcus Brutus his dearest obliged friend of vvhos ambitious practises and aspiring vvhē Caesar vvas aduertised by his careful friēdes he ansvvered that he vvel knevv Brutus to be ambitious but I am sure quoth he that my Brutus vvil neuer attēpt anie thing for the Empire vvhile Caesar lyueth and after my death let him shift for the same among others as he can But vvhat ensued Surelie I am loth to tel the euent for ominations sake but yet al the vvorld knovveth that ere manie monethes passed this moste Noble and Clement Emperoure vvas pitifulie murdered by the same Brutus and his parteners in the publique Senate vvhen least of al he expected such treason So daungerous a thing it is to be secure in a matter of so great sequele or to trust them vvyth a mans lyfe vvho may pretend preferment or interest by his death VVherfore vvould God her Ma. in this case might be induced to haue such due care regarde of her ovvn estate Royal person as the vveighty moment of the matter requireth vvhich cōteineth the blisse and calamitie of so Noble and vvorthie a kingdom as this is I knovv right vvel that moste excellent natures To much cōfidence very perilous in a Prince are alvvayes furdest of from diffidence in such people as profes loue and are moste bounden by devvtie and so it is euident in her Ma. But yet surelie this confidence so commendable in other men is scarse alovvable often tymes in the person of a Prince for that it goeth accompanied vvyth so great peril as is ineuitable to him that vvil not suspect principallie vvhen daungers are fortolde or presaged as commonlie by Gods appointment they are for the speciall hand he holdeth ouer Princes affaires or vvhen ther is probable coniecture or iust surmise of the same VVe knovv that the forenamed Emperour Caesar had not onlie the vvatning giuen him of the inclination and intent of Brutus to vsurpation but euen the verie day vvhen he vvas going tovvardes the place of his appointed destinie ther vvas giuen vp into his handes a detection of the vvhole treason vvyth request to read the same presentlie vvhich he vpon confidence omitted to do VVe read also of Alexander the great hovv he vvas not The example of Alexāder the great hovv he vvas for tolde his daunger onelie forbidden by a learned man to enter into Babylō vvhether he vvas then going for that ther vvas treason meant agaīst him in the place but also that he vvas foretolde of Antipaters mischieuous meaning against him in particular But the yong Prince hauing so vvel deserued of Antipater could not be brought to mistrust the man that vvas so deare vnto him by that means vvas poisoned in a bāquet by three sōnes of Antipater vvhich vvere of moste credit cōfidence in the kinges Chāber SCHOL Here truelie my hart did somevvhat tremble vvyth feare horrour and detestation of such euentes And I said vnto the Gentleman I beseech you Syr to talke no more of thes matters for I cannot vvel abide to heare them named hoping in the Lord that ther is no cause nor euer shal be to doubt the like in Endland specialie from thes men vvho are so much bounden to her Ma. and Late execution● so forvvard in seeking out and pursueing al such as may be thought to be daungerous to her Ma. person as by the sundrie late executions vve haue seene and by the punishmentes euerie vvaye of Papistes vve may perceyue GENTL Trueth it is quoth the Gentleman that iustice hath bene done vpō diuers of late vvhich cōtenteth me greatlie for the terrour and restreint of others of vvhat sect or religion so euer they be And it is moste necessarie doubtles for the compressing of parties that great vigilance be vsed in that behalf But vvhen I consider that onlie one kinde of men are touched herein and that al speech regarde doubt distrust and vvatche is of them alone vvythout reflexion of eye vpon anie other mens doinges or designementes vvhen I see the double diligence vehemencie of certaine instrumentes vvhich I like not bent vvholie to rayse vvounder and admiration of the people feare terrour and attention to the doeinges sayinges and meaninges Fraude to be feared in putsueing one parte o● faction onlie of one parte or faction alone and of that namlie and onlie vvhich thes cōspiratours esteme for most daungerous and opposite to them selues I am belieue me often tempted to suspect fraude and false measure and that thes men deale as vvolues by nature in other countries are vvount to doe VVhich going together in great numbers to assaile a flock of shepe by night do set some one or tvvo of their cōpanie vpō the vvinde side of the folde a far of vvho partly by their sent other bruteling vvhich of purpose they make may dravv the doggs and shepheardes to pursue them alone vvhiles the The comparison of vvolues Rebels other do enter and slea the vvhole flock Or as rebelles that meaning to surprise a tovvn to turn avvay the inhabitantes from consideration of the daunger from defence of that place vvhere they intend to enter do set on fire some other partes of the tovvn furder of and do sound a false al'arme at some gate vvher is ment least daunger VVhich arte vvas vsed cunninglie by Richard Rychard Duke of York Duke of York in the tyme of K. Henrie the sixt vvhen he to couer his ovvn intent brought al the Realm in doubt of the doinges of Edmond Duke of Sometset his enimie But Iohn of Northumberland father to my

Lord of Leycester vsed the same Duke Dudley arte much more skilfulie vvhen he put al England in a maze and musing of the Protector and of his friēdes as though nothing could be safe about the yong king vntil they vvere suppressed and consequentlie al brought into his ovvn authoritie vvythout obstacle I speak not this to excuse Papistes or to vvyshe them anie vvaye spared vvherin they offend but onlie to signifie that in a countrie A good rule of policie vvher so potent factions be it is not safe to suffer the one to make it selfe so puissant by pursute of the other as aftervvards the Prince must remaine at the deuotion of the stronger but rather as in a bodie molested and troubled vvyth contrarie humours yf al cannot be purged the best Phisick is vvythout al doubt to reduce and holde them at such an equalitie as destruction may not be feared of the predominante LAVV. To this sayd the Lavvyer laughing yea Marie Sir I vvould to God your opinion might preuaile in this matter for then should vve be in other tearmes then novv vve are I vvas not long since in companie of a certaine honorable Ladie of the Court vvho after some speech passed by Gentlemen that vvere present of some aprehended and some executed and such like affaires brak into a great complaint of the present tyme and thervvyth I assure you moued al the hearers to griefe as vvomen you knovv are potēt in styrring of affections and caused them al to vvyshe that her Maiestie had bene nigh to haue heard her vvordes I do vvel remember quoth she the first douzen The spech of a certayne Ladie of the Court. yeares of her highnes reign hovv happie pleasant and quiet they vvere vvith al maner of comfort and consolation Ther vvas no mention then of factions in religion neither vvas anie man much noted or reiected for that cause so other vvyse his conuersation vvere ciuile and courteous No suspition of treason no talke of bloodshed no cōplaint of troubles miseries or vexations Al vvas peace al vvas loue al vvas ioye al vvas delight Her Ma. I am sure toke more recreation at that tyme in one day then she doth novv in a vvhole vveek and vve that serued her highnes enioyed more contentation in a vveek then vve can novv in diuers yeares For novv ther are so manie suspitions euery vvhere for this thing and for that as vve cannot tel vvhom to trust So manie melancholique in the Court that seme malcontented so manie complayning or sueing for their friendes that are in trouble other slip ouer the sea or retire them selues vpon the sudden so manie tales brought vs of this or that daunger of this man suspected of that man sent for vp and such like vnpleasant and vnsauerie stuffe as vve can neuer almoste be merry one vvhole day together VVherfore quoth this Ladie vve that are of her Ma. trayne and special seruice and do not onlie feel thes thinges in our selues but much more in the griefe of her moste excellent Ma. vvhom vve see daylie molested herevvith being one of the best natures I am sure that euer noble Princesse vvas indued vvith al vve cannot but mone to beholde More moderation vvisshed in matters of factiō contentions aduaunced so far foorth as they are and vve could vvish most hartilie that for the time to come thes matters might passe vvith such peace friendship tranquility as they do in other countries vvher difference in religion breaketh not the bande of good felovvship or fidelitie And vvith this in a similing maner she brake of asking pardon of the cōpanie if she had spoken her opinion ouer boldlie like a vvoman To vvhom ansvvered a Courtier that sat next The speache of a Courtier her Madame your Ladiship hath said nothing in this behalf that is not dailie debated among vs in our common speech in Court as you knovv Your desire also herein is a publique desire if it might be brought to passe for ther is no man so simple that seeth not hovv perilous thes cōtentions and deuisions among vs may be in the end And I haue heard diuers Gētlemen that be learned discourse at large vpon this argument aleaging olde examples of the Athenians Lacedemonians Carthagenians and Romans vvho receyued notable dammages and destruction also in the end by their diuisions and factions among them selues and specialie frō thē of their ovvn Cities and Countries vvho vpō The peril of diuisions factions in a common vvealth factiōs liued abroode vvyth forreyners and therby vvere alvvayes as fire-brandes to carrie home the flambe of vvarre vpon their countrie The like they also shevved by the long experiēce of al the great Cities and states of Italie vvhich by their factious and foruscites vvere in cōtinual garboile bloodshed and miserie VVherof our ovvn countrie hath tasted also her parte by the odious contention betvvene the houses of Lancaster and York vvherin it is merueilous to consider vvhat trouble a fevv men often tymes departing out of the Realm vvere able to vvork by the parte of their factiō remaining at home vvhich commōlie encreaseth tovvardes them that are absent by the redines of forreine Princes to receiue alvvaies and comfort such as are discontented in an other state to the ende that by their meanes they might holde an ore in their neighbours bote VVhich Princes that are nigh borderers do alvvayes aboue al other thinges most couet and desire This vvas that courtyers speech reasō vvherby I perceyued that as vvel among them in Court as among vs in the Realm and countrie abrode the The daūgerous sequel of dissentiō in oure Realme present inconueniēce daungerous sequel of this our home dissention is espyed and consequentlie most English hartes inclined to vvishe the remedy or preuention therof by some reasonable moderation or revnion among our selues For that the prosecution of thes differences to extremitie can not but after manie vvoūdes exulceratiōs bring matters finalie to rage furie and most deadlie desperation VVheras on the other side if any svveet qualification or small tolleration among vs vvere admitted ther is no doubt but ●hat affayres vvould passe in our Realm vvyth more quietnes safitie publique vveale of the same then it is like it vvil do long and men vvould easilie be brought that haue English bovvells to ioyne in the preseruation of their countrie from ruing bloodshed and forreine oppression vvhich desperation of factions is vvoūt to procure GENTL I am of your opinion quoth the Gentleman in that for I haue sene the experience therof and al the vvorld beholdeth the same at this day in al the Exāples of tolleration in matters of Reliligion countries of Germanie Polonia Boemland and Hungarie vvher a litle bearing of th' one vvyth th' other hath vvrought them much ease continued them a peace vvherof al Europe besides hath admiration and enuie The first douzen yeares Germany also of her