Pace had a sonne at his circumcision named Haly hee would be called Aven Pace concealing Haly but his sonne howsoever hee were named would be called Aven-Haly c. So Surnames passing from father to sonne and coÌ„tinuing to their issue was not antiently in vse among any people in the world Yet to these single Names were adioyned oftentimes other names as Cognomina or Sobriquetts as the French call them and By-names or Nicke-names as we terme them if that word be indifferent to good and bad which still did die with the bearer and never descended to posteritie That we may not exemplifie in other nations which would afforde great plenty but in our own King Eadgar was called the Peaceable king Ethelred the Vnreadie king Edmund for his Valour Iron-side king Harold the Hare-foote Eadric the Streona that is the Getter or Streiner Siward the Degera that is the Valiant King William the first Bastard king William the second Rouse that is the Red king Henry the first Beauclarke that is Fine Scholler so in the house of Aniou which obtained the Crowne of England Geffrey the first Earle of Aniou was surnamed Grisogonel that is Grey-cloake Fulco his sonne Nerra his grand-childe Rechiâ— for his extortion Againe his grand-childe Plantagenet for that he ware commonly a broome-stalke in his bonnet His sonne Henry the second king of England Fitz-Empresse because his mother was Empresse his sonne king Richard had for surname Corde-Lion for his lion-like courage as Iohn was called Sans-terre that is Without land So that wheras these names were never taken vp by the sonne I knowe not why any should thinke Plantagenet to be the surname of the royall house of England albeit in late yeeres many have so accounted it Neither is it lesse strange why so many should thinke Theodore or Tydur as they contract it to be the surname of the Princes of this Realme since king Henry the seaventh For albeit Owen ap Merâ—dith Tydur which married Katharine the daughter of Charles the sixth king of France was grandfather to king Henry the seventh yet that Tydur or Theodore was but the Christian name of Owens grandfather For Owens father was Meredith ap Tydur Ap Grone Ap Tydur who all without Surnames iterated Christian names after the olde manner of the Britaines and other nations heeretofore noted and so lineally deduced his pedegree from Cadwallader king of the Britans as was found by Commission directed to Griffin ap Lewellin Gitteu Owen Iohn King and other learned men both English and Welsh in the seaventh yeare of the said king Henry the seventh Likewise in the line Royall of Scotland Milcolme or Malcolme was surnamed Canmore that is Great head and his brother Donald Ban that is White Alexander the first the Prowde Malcolme the fourth the Virgine William his brother the Lion As amongest the Princes of Wales Brochvail Schitrauc that is Gaggtothed Gurind Barmbtruch that is Spade-bearded Elidir Coscorvaur that is Heliodor the Great house-keeper and so in Ireland Murough Duff that is Blacke 〈◊〉 Roo that is Red Nemoliah that is full of wounds Patric Ban that is White Gavelcâ— that is Fetters To seeke therefore the auntient Surnames of the royall and most antient families of Europe is to seeke that which never was And therefore greatly are they deceived which thinke Valoys to have beene the surname of the late French kings or Borbon of this present king or Habsburg or Austriac of the Spanish king or Steward of the late kings of Scotland and now of BRITAINE or Oldenburg of the Danish For as all know that have but sipped of Histories Valoys was but the Apponage and Earledome of Charles yonger sonne to Philip the second from whome the late kings descended so Borbon was the inheritance of Robert a yonger sonne to saint Lewes of whom this king is descended Habsburg and Austria were but the olde possessions of the Emperors and Spanish Kings progenitours Steward was but the name of office to Walter who was high Steward of Scotland the progenitour of Robert first King of Scots of that family and of the King our Soveraigne And Oldenburg was but the Erledome of Christian the first Danish king of this family elected about 1448. But yet Plâ—â—tagenet Steward Valois Borbon Habsburg c. by prescription of time have prevailed so farre as they are now accounted surnames But for surnames of Princes well said the learned Marcus Salon de Pace Reges cognomiue now vtâ—ntur qâ—â—ia vt Regum familiae agnationes memoriae conserventur 〈◊〉 cognomina non sunt necessaria prout in alijs inferioribus quorum ipsa cognomina agnationum ac familiarum memoriâ—â— tutantur About the yeare of our Lord 1000. that we may not minute out the time surnames beganne to be taken vp in France and in England about the time of the Conquest or else a very little before vnder King Edward the Confessor who was all Frenchified And to this time doe the Scottishmen referre the antiquitie of their surnames although Buchanan supposeth that they were not in vse in Scotland many yeares after But in England certaine it is that as the better sort even from the Conquest by little and little tooke surnames so they were not setled among the common people fully vntill about the time of King Edward the second but still varied according to the fathers name as Richardson if his father were Richard Hodgeson if his father were Roger or in some other respect and from thenceforth beganne to be established some say by statute in their posteritie This will seeme strange to some Englishmen and Scotishmen which like the Arcadians thinke their surnames as ancient as the Moone or at the least to reach many an age beyond the Conquest But they which thinke it most strange I speake vnder correction I doubt they will hardly finde any surname which descended to posteritie before that time Neyther have they seene I feare any deede or donation before the Conquest but subsigned with crosses and single names without surnames in this manner in England Ego Eadredus confirmavi ✚ Ego Edmundus corroboravi ✚ Ego Sigarius conclusi ✚ Ego Olfstanus consolidavi c. Likewise for Scotland in an old booke of Duresme in the Charter whereby Edgare sonne of King Malcolme gave lands neere Coldingham to that Church in the yeare 1097. the Scottish Noblemen witnesses therevnto had no other surnames than the Christian names of their fathers For thus they signed S. ✚ Gulfi filij Mâ—niani S ✚ Culverti filij Donecani S ✚ Olavi filij Oghe c. As for my selfe I never hitherto found any hereditarie Surname before the Conquest neither any that I know and yet both I my selfe and divers whom I know have pored and pusled vpon many an old Record and Evidence to satisfie our selves heerein and for my part I will acknowledge my selfe greatly indebted to them that wil cleare me this doubt But about the time of the Conquest I
alienated from Richard the third to speake his minde frankely vnto him in matters of State the Bishoppe aunswered him In good faith my Lord I love not much to talke with Princes as a thing not all out of perill although the words be without fault Forasmuch as it shall not be taken as the partie meant it but as it pleaseth the Prince to construe it And ever I thinke on Aesopes tale that when the Lien had proclaimed that on paine of death there should no horned beast abide in that wood one that had in his forehead a bounch of flesh fledde away a great pase The Foxe that sawe him ruune so fast asked him whither he made all that haste hee answered In faith I neither wote nor recke so I were once hence because of this proclamation made of horned beasts What foâ—le quoth the Foxe thou mayest well enough abide the Lion meant not by thee for it is no horne that is vppon thy head No Mary quoth hee that wote I well enough but what and hee call it an horne where am I then Tho Moore Sir Thomas Rokesby being controlde for suffering himselfe to be served in treene Cuppes answered These homelie cuppes and dishes pay truly for that they containe I had rather drinke out of treene and pay golde and silver than drinke out of golde and silver and make woodden payment VVHen Richard the third was slain at Bosworth and with him Iohn Howard Duke of Norffolke King Henry the seaventh demaunded of Thomas Howard Earle of Surrey the Dukes sonne and heire then taken prisoner how he dâ—rst beare Armes in the behalfe of that tyranne Richard He answered He was my crowned King and if the Parliamentary authority of England sette the Crowne vppon a stocke I will fight for that stocke And as I fought then for him I wiâ— fight for you when you are established by the said authoritie And so hee did for his sonne King Henry the eight at Flodden field Anonymus When Margaret the widdow of Charles the Hardie Duke of Bargundie and sister to king Edward the fourth envying much the happy estate and raigne of Henry the seaventh descended of the adverse family of Lancaster had at sundry times suborned two rascalles to counterfeit the persons of her two brothers sonnes thereby to withdrawe the hearts of his subiects and raise vproares in his realme the king sent over vnto Philippe the Duke of Burgundie doctour Warrham afterward Archbishop of Canterbury to informe him of her treachery This Doctour in the latter â—â—d of his Oration thus nipped the seditious Dutchesse That within few yeeres after shee was past threescore yeeres of age she had brought foorth two monsters Lambert and Peter and not in the nine and tenth moneths as women naturally doe but in the hundred and fourescore moneth for they were both about fifteene yeeres of age when shee brought them abroade as it were out of her belly neither were they Crisomers but such childe-choppers that as soone as ever they were borne they were able to wage warre with a mighty King Th More The earle of Kildare being charged before king Henry the seaventh for burning the Metropolitane Church of Cassilles in Ireland and many witnesses procured to avouch the trueth of the Article against him hee sodainely confessed it to the great wondring and detestation of the Counsell Then it was looked how he should iustifie that fact By Iesus quoth hee I would never have done it if it had not beene tolde me that the Archbishop had beene within it And because the Bishop was one of the busiest accusers present merrily laughed the king at the plainnesse of the man to see him alledge that intent for excuse which most of all did aggravate his fault When among many articles the last article exhibited by the Irish against that Earle of Kildare the last was Finally All Ireland cannot rule this Earle Then quoth the King shall this Earle rule all Ireland and shortly after hee made him Deputie thereof When one reprooved King Henry the seaventh for his slownesse in making warres on those that wronged him he answered If we Princes should take every occasion that is offered vs the worlde should never be quiet but wearied with continuall warres When a Gentleman none of the wisest tolde King Henry the seaventh that hee found sir Richard Grâ—ftes who was made Banneret at the battell of Stoke to be a very wise man The King answered Hee doubted not that but marvelled much how a foole could knowe a wiseman It hâ—ppened that there was fallen in communication the story of Ioseph how his maister Putiphars wife a great mâ—n with the King of Aegipt would have pulled him to â—eâ—bâ—d â—nâ— he fled away Now Maister Mâ—â—o hee was the King Almoner quoth king Henry the seaventh You be a tall strong man on the one side and a cunning Doctor on the other side what would you have done if you had not beene Ioseph but in Iosephs steade By my troth fir quoth he and it like your Grace I cannot tell what I would have done but I can tell you what I should have done Tho Moore The Lady Margaret Countesse of Richmond mother to king Henry the seaventh a most worthy Patronesse of good Letters would often say On the condition that Princes of Christendome would combine themselves and march against the common enemy the Turke shee would most wilâ—ingly attend them and be their Laundresse in the campe There was a poore blind man in Warwick-shire that was accounted verie cunning in prognosticating of weather vpon a day Empson a great lawier as hee road that way sayd in scorne of his cunning I pray you tell me father when doth the Sunne change The chafed old man that knew his corrupt conscience answered when such a wicked Lawier as you goeth to heauen Doctor Collet the Deane of Paules said that if the Clergie were naught the Laitie were worse for it could not otherwise be but the laye men must ever be one degree vnder the Clergie for surely it can be no 〈◊〉 that our Sauiour sayth himselfe who sayth of the Cleargie that they be the salt of the earth and if the salt once appall the world must needes waxe vnsauerie and he sayeth that the Clergie bee the light of the world and then sayeth he if the light bee darkened how darke will then the darkenesse be that is to wit all the world beside whereof he calleth the Clergie onely the light Cardinall Wolsey his teeth watering at the rich Bishopricke of Winchester sent one vnto Bishop Foxe who had advaunced him vnto the kings service for to move him to resigne the Bishopricke because extreame age had made him blind the which message and motion Foxe did take in so ill part that he willed the messenger to tell the Cardinall thus from him that although olde age bereaving me of sight I know not white from blacke yet I can discerne truth from falshoode and right from wrong yea and that now I
this Isle somewhat answerable to the Greeke names Philippe Speusiprus Ctesippus his brother in like sort was called Horsa HARHOLD Sax. Luther interpreteth it Governour or Generall of an Armie and so would I if it were Harwold But being written Harhold Herold I rather turne it love of the Armie For Hold see Rheinhold For Hare and Here that they signifie both an Armie and a Lord it is taken for granted Yet I suspect this Here for a Lord to come from the Latine Herus See Ethelwold HERBERT Germ. Famous Lord bright Lord or Glorie of the Army HERVVIN ger Victorious Lord or Victor in the Armie HARMAN or Hermon ger Generall of an Army the same which Strato or Polemarchus in Greeke Caesar turned it into Arminius Tscudus Hence the German Dukes are called Hertogen as Leaders of Armies HERCVLES gr Glorie or illumination of the aire as it pleaseth Macrobius who affirmeth it to be proper to the Sunne but hath bin given to valiant men for their glorie HIEROME gr Holy name HILDEBERT germ Bright or famous Lord. See Maud. HILARY Lat. Merrie and pleasant HOVVEL A Brittish name the originall whereof some Britan may finde Goropius turneth it Sound or whole as wisely as he saith Englishmen were called Angli because they were good Anglers I rather would fetch Hoel from Haelius that is Sunne-bright as Coel from Caelius HVâ—H Aventinus deriveth it from the German word Hougen that is slasher or cutter But whereas the name Hugh was first in vse among the French and Oâ—frid in the yeare 900. vsed Hugh for Comfort I iudge this name to be borrowed thence and so it is correspondent to the Greeke names Elpidius and Elpis HVMFREY ger for Humfred House-peace a lovely and happie name if it could turne home-warres betweene man and wife into peace The Italians have made Onuphrius of it in Latine HVBERT Sax. Bright forme faire shape or faire hope HORATIO I know not the Etymologie vnlesse you will derive from the Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is wel sighted J IACOâ— Heb. A tripper or supplanter Whose name because he had power with God that he might also prevaile with men was changed into Israel by God See Genes ca. 32. Philo de nominibus mutatis IAMES Wrested from Iacob the same Iago in Spanish Iaques in French which some frenchified English to their disgrace have too much affected IASPER Iâ—EL See Ybel IOACHIM Heb. Preparation of the Lord. IEREMY Heb High of the Lord. IOAB Heb Fatherhood IOHN Heb Gratious yet though so vnfortunate in Kings for that Iohn of England well neare lost his Kingdome and Iohn of France was long captive in England and Iohn Balioll was lifted out of his Kingdome of Scotland that Iohn Steward when the Kingdome of Scotland came vnto him renouncing that name would be proclaimed King Robert See Iuon IOB Heb. Sighing or sorrowing IORDAN Heb The river of iudgement IOSVAH Heb As Iesuiah Saviour IOSCâ—LIN A diminitive from Iâ—st or Iustus as Iustulus according to Islebius but molefied from Iostelin in the old Netherland language from whence it came with Ioscelin of Lovan yonger sonne of Godfrey Duke of Brabant Progenitour of the honourable Percyes if not the first yet the most noble of that name in this Realme Nicotius maketh it a diminitive from Iost Iudocus IOSEPH Heb. Encreasing Philâ— or encrease of the Lord. IOSIAS Heb. Fire of the Lord. IOSVAH Heb The Lord Saviour INGEIBERT See Engelbert INGRAM Germ Engelramus in Latine deduced from Engell which signifieth an Angell as Angelo is common in Italy so Engelbert seemeth to signifie bright Angell ISAAC Heb Laughter the same which Gelasius among the Greekes ISRAEL Heb. Seeing the Lord or prevailing in the Lord See Iacob IVLIVS gr Soft haired or mossie bearded so doth Iulus signifie in Greeke It was the name of Aeneas sonne who was first called Ilus Ilus erat dum res stetit Ilia regno The old Englishmen in the North parts turned Iulius into Ioly and the vnlearned Scribes of that time may seeme to have turned Iulianus into Iolanus for that name doth often occurre in olde evidences IVON is the same with Iohn and vsed by the Welsh and Sclavâ—nians for Iohn and in this Realme about the Conquerours time Iohn was rarely found but Iuon as I have observed IONATHAN Heb. The same with Theodorus and Theodosius that is Gods gift K KENHELME Sax. Defence of his kinred Hâ—â—m Defence Luther so 〈◊〉 Happy defence Bright-helme Faire defence Sig-â—elme Victorious defence KENARD Sax. Kinde disposition and affection his kinred L LAMBERT Sax As some thinke Faire-lamb Luther turneth it Farre famous LANCELOT seemeth a Spanish name and may signifie a Launce as the militarie men vse the word now for an horseman Some think it to be no auntient name but forged by the writer of king Arthurs historie for one of his doubtie knights LAVRENCE Lat Flourishing like a Baie tree the same that Daphnis in Greeke LAZARVS Hebr Lords-help LEOFSTAN Sax most beloved LEOFVVIN Sax Winlove or to be loved as Agapetus and Erasmus with the Greekes and Amandus with the Latines LEONARD ger Lion-like disposition as Thymoleon with the Greekes or Popularis indoles as it pleaseth Lipsâ—â—s that is People pleasing disposition LEVVIS Wrenched from Lâ—dowike which Tilius interpreteth Refuge of the people LEVVLIN Brit. Lion-like the same with Leominus and Leontius LIONELL Lat Leonellus that is Little-lyon LVKE Hebr Rising or lifting vp LEODEGAR or LEGER geâ—m Gatherer of people Lipsius in Poliorceticis or Altogether popular LEODPOLD ger Defender of people corruptly Leopold In our auncient tongue Leod signified people of one Citie as Leodscip was to them Respublica The northerne Germans have yet Leud in the same sense So Luti Liâ—di Leuti and Leudi as the Dialect varieth signifies people In which sence the Normans in the life of Carolus Magnus were called Nortleud The names wherein Leod are found seeme translated from those Greeke names wherein you shall finde Dâ—mâ—s and Lâ—â—s as Demosthenes that is Strength of the people Dimochares that is Gratious to the people Demophilus that is Lover of the people Nicodemus that is Conqueror of people Lâ—â—medon that is Ruler of people Lâ—odâ—mas that is Tamer of people c. LIVIN germ The same with Amatus that is Beloved Kilianus M MADOC Brit from Mad that is Good in the Welsh as Caradoc from Câ—â—â— that is Beloved The same with Agathias in Greek Dict Walicum MALACHIAS hebr My messenger MANASâ—â— hebr not forgotten MARCâ—LLVâ— lat Plutarch out of Pâ—ssidoâ—ius doâ—â—vetâ— it from Mars as martiall and warlike other from Marculus that is an Hammer The latter times turned it to Martell and Mallet which diverse tooke for a surname because they valiantly didde hammer and beate downe their adversaries See Malmes pag. 54. MARMADVC germ Mermachtig as some coniecture which in olde Saxon signifieth More mightie being sweetened in sound by processe of time A name vsuall in the North but most in former times in the noble
backe vnto his flocke Whereuppon the King sent vnto the Pope the armour that he was taken in and willed his Ambassadour to vse the words of Iacobs sonnes vnto their father when they had solde away their brother Ioseph Hanc invenimus vide vtrum tunica filij tui sit an 〈◊〉 This wee found see whether it be the coate of thy sonne or no. Nay quoth the Pope it is not the coate of my sonne nor of my brother but some impe of Mars and let him procure his deliverie of he will for I wil be no meane for him When the French king and king Richard the first beganne to parlee of peace his brother Iohn who had falsely and vnnaturally revolted vnto the French king fearing himselfe came in of his owne accord and suppliantly besought Richard brotherly to pardon his manifolde offences that he had vnbrotherly committed against him hee rehersed the straight league of brotherly piety he recounted the many merits of his brother he bewailed with teares that hitherto he had beene vnmindefull of them as an vnnaturall and vnthankefull person Finally that hee dooth live and shall live hee dooth acknowledge that hee hath received it at his handes The king being mollified with this humble submission saide God graunt that I may as easily forget your offences as you may remember wherein you have offended IN the wofull warres with the Barons when king Iohn was viewing of the Castle of Rochester held against him by the Earle of Arundel he was espied by a very good Arcubalister who tolde the Earle thereof and saide that hee would soone dispatch the cruell tyrant if he would but say the word God forbid vile varlet quoth the Earle that we should procure the death of the holy one of God What saide the souldier he would not spare you if hee had you at the like advantage No matter for that quoth the Earle Gods good wil be done and be wil dispose and not the King Math Paris When one about him shewed him where a noble man that had rebelliously borne armes against him lay verie honourably intoombed and advised the king to deface the monument he said No no but I would al the rest of mine enemies were as honourably buried Idem When diverse Greekes came hither and offered to proove that there were cettaine â—rrours in the Church of England at that time hee reiected them saying I will not suffer our faith established to be called in question with doubtful disputations Fragm antiquum aeditum à P. Pithaeo Yet when the saide king Iohn sawe a fatie Bucke haunched he saide to the standers by See how faire and fatte this Buâ—ke is and yet hee never heard Masse all his life long But this may be forged to his disgrace by the envious Math. Paris IN a solemne conference betweene king Henry the third of England and Saint Lewes king of France the onely devout kings of that age when the French king saide He had rather heare Sermons than heare Masses Our king replied which some will smile at now but according to the learning of that time That he had rather see his loving friend meaning the reall presence in the Sacrament than to heare never so much good of him by others in sermons This I note because it was then thought facetious which I doubt not but some wil now condemne as superstitious Gâ—â—l Rishanger Pecham that Opticall Archbishop of Canterbury who writte Perspectiva Communis when Pope Gregorie the tenth who had created him Archbishop commaunded him to pay foure thousand markes within foure moneths vnder paine of excommunication hee that came vnto the See then deepely indebted saide Beholde you have created me and as a creature doth desire to be perfected by his creator so I doe in my oppressions flie vnto your Holmesse to be recreated Archiep. Cantuar. Sewall Archbishop of Yorke much agrieved with some practises of the Popes collectors in England tooke all patiently and saide I will not with Chaâ— discover the nakednes of my father but cover and conceale it with Sem. As Constantine the Great saide that hee would cover the faults of Bishops and Fathers of the Church with his Imperiall robe Mat. Paris Pope Innocentius the fourth when he offered the kingdome of Sicil and Naples to Richard Earle of Cornewall with many impossible conditions You might as well say de the Earles Agent at Rome say to my Lord and Maister I sell or give you the Moone climbe vp catch is and take it Anonymus qui incipit Rex Pictorum Alexander successor to Innocentius sent vnto the saide Earle Richard to borrow a great masse of money but the Earle answered I wil not lend to my superior uppon whome I cannot distraine for the debts This Richard is reported by the saide Author to have had so great treasure that hee was able to dispend for tenne yeeres an hundred markes a day which according to the Standard of that time was no small summe Idem In the raigne of king Henry a Bishop of London stoâ—â—ly withstoode the Popes Nunciâ— that would have levied exactions of the Cleargie Whereupon the Nâ—â—ciâ— complained vnto the king who shortly menaced the Bishop and tolde him he would cause the Pope to plucke his peacockes toile but the Bishop boldely answered the King that the Pope and he being too strong for him might bereave him of his bishoprick by might but never by right and that although they tooke away his Mitre yet they would leave him his Helmet Lib. Cantuar. Wicked rather than wittie is that of a Deane high treasurer of England that had demeaned himselfe so well in his office that when he died he made this wicked will I bequeathe all my goodes and possessions vnto my liege Lords the King my body to the earth and my soule to the divell Idem VVHen Edward the first heard of the death of his onely sonne hee tooke it grievously as a father but patiently as a wise man But when hee vnderstoode shortely after of the departure of his father king Henry the third he was wholy deiected and comfortlesses whereat when Charles king of Sicile with whome he then soiourned in his returne from the holy land greatly marvelled He satisfied him with this God may send more sonnes but the death of a father is irrecoverable Waâ—singham This is that king Edward the first who as in lineaments of body he surpassed all his people being like Saul higher than any of them so in prudence conioyned with valour and industry he excelled all our Princes giving ther by sure ankerholde to the governement of this realme waving vp and downe before most vncertainely Which hee effected not so much by establishing good lawes as by giving life vnto his lawes by due execution And as my Author saith Iudices potissimùm iudicans quos constituit indices aliorum Who addeth also this of him Nemâ— in consilijs illo argutior in eloquâ—â— torrentiâ—r in periculis socurior in prosperis â—â—utiâ—r in adversis
Burgundian that it wholy alienated his minde from the English to their great losse in all the French warres following Paulus Aemilius Lib. 10. Iohn Lorde Talbot first Earle of Shrewsbury of that familie supprised vppon the sodaine by the French army at Chastilion farre from cowardly fâ—are of death and fatherly affected to his sonne the Lorde â—isle who woulde not forsake him in that danger advised him to fâ—le saying My death in respect of my former exploites can not be but honourable and in respect of thy youth neither can it be honourable for thee to die nor dishonourable to fâ—ie But this yong Lord in height of courage nothing degenerating from so worthy a father lost his life with his father in the field and with them a base sonne and a sonne in lawe of the sayde Earles Paulus Aemilius Lib. 10. Commentarij Pij PP 2. Lib. 6. After this battell when the flames of inward warre beganne to flash out in England the martiall men of England were called home out of Fraunce to maintaine the factions heere at which time a French Captaine scoffingly asked an English-man when they woulde returne againe into Fraunce He answered feelingly and vpon a true ground When your sinnes shal be greater and more grievous in the sight of God than ours are now ¶ Vntill this time from the beginning of King Edward the first which was about an hundred and sixtie yeeres whosoever will with a marking eie consider the comportment of the English Nation the concurrent of martiall men their Councells military discipline designs actions and exploites not onely out of our owne Writers but also forraine Historians cannot but acknowledge that they were men of especiall worth and their prowesse both great and glorious Why afterward it should decay as all other professions which even like plants have their times of beginning or in-rooting their growing vp their flourishing their maturitie and than these fading were a disquisition for the learned Whether it proceedeth from celestiall influence or those Angelles which Plato makes or the Secundei which Trithâ—â—â—ius imagined to have the regiment of the world successively or from the degenerating of numbers into summes which I confesse I vnderstand not being an ignorant in abstruse learning Onely I have read in Paterculus that when either envie or admiration hath given mâ—n an edge to ascend to the highest and when they can ascend no higher after a while they must naturally descend Yet I relie vpon that of Eccclesiastes as I vnderstand it Cuncta fecit bona in tempore suâ— Deus mundum tradidit disputationi eorum vt non inveniat home quod operatus est Deus ab initio vsque ad finem But pardon mee I cannot tell how I have beene by admiration of our Progenitours diverted from my purpose In the yeere of our Lord 1416. when a fifteene hundred English vnder the coÌ„duct of I Beaufort erle of Derset were encompassed betweene the sea and fifteen thousand French The Erle of Arminac generall of the French sent to the Earle advising him to yeelde himselfe but hee answered It is not the manner of the English to yeelde without blowes neither am I so heartlesse that I will deliver my selfe into their handes whom God â—ay deliver into mine And accordingly God gave him the honour of the day to the great confusion of the enemy Walsingham in Ypodigmate VVHen Elizabeth the widow of sir Iohn Gray was a suter vnto King Edward the fourth against whome her husband lost his life for her ioynture the kinde King became also a suter to her vnto her for a nights lodging But she wisely answered him when hee became importunate That as she did account her selfe too base to be his wife so shee did thinke her selfe too good to be his 〈◊〉 When love grew so hote in this K. Edward the fourth that hee would needes marry the saide Elizabeth widow of sir Iohn Grey to the great discontent of his Counsell but especially of his mother who alleaging many reasons to the contrary saide That onely widowhood might be sufficient to restraine him for that it was high disparagement to a King to be dishonoured with bigamy in his first marriage The King merrily aunswered In that shee is a widdow and hath already children by Gods blessed Lady I am a batcheller and have some too and so each of vs hath a proofe that neither of vs are like to be barren And therefore Madam I pray you be content I trust in God she shal bring you forth a yong Prince that shall please you And as for the bigamy let the Bishop hardly lay it in my way when I come to take Orders for I vnderstand it is forbidden to a Priest but I never wist it yet that it was forbidden to a Prince His note love neverthelesse was partable among three other of his Mistresses of whome hee was woont to say The one was the fairest the other the merriest and the third the holiest for she had wholy devoted her selfe to his bedde and her beades When Lewes the eleaventh French King entertained diverse Councellors of king Edward the fourth with large pensions to steede him in England hee sent Peter Cleret one of the maisters of his housholde vnto the Lorde Hastings the Kings Chamberlaine to present him with twoo thousand crownes Which when he had received Petre Cleret did pray him that for his discharge he would make him an acquittance The Lorde Chamberlaine made a great difficultie thereat Then Cleret dooth request him againe that hee would give vnto him onely a letter of three lines for his discharge to the King signifying that hee had received them The Lord Chamberlaine answered Sir that which you say is very reasonable but the gift comes from the goodwill of the King your Maister and not at my request at all If it please you that I shall have it you shall put it within the pocket of my sleeve and you shall have no other acquittance of me For I will never it shal be saide for mee that the Lorde Chamberlaine of the King of England had beene Pentioner to the King of Fraunce Nor that my acquittances shal be found in the Chamber of accompts in Fraunce The aforesâ—id Cleret went away male-content but left his money with him and came to tell his message to his King who was very angry with him But thenceforth the Lord Chamberlaine of England was more esteemed with the French and alwayes payde without acquittance Philippe de Commines KIng Richard the third whose monstrous birth foreshewed his monstrous proceedings for he was born with all his teeth and haire to his shoulders albeit hee lived wickedly yet made good Lawes and when diverse shires of England offered him a benevolence hee refused it saying I know not in what sence I haa rather have your hearts than your money Ioannes Rossus Warwiceusis Iohn Morton then Bishoppe of Elie but afterward of Canterbury being solicited by the Duke of Buckingham then
Nursenames came these pardon me if it offend any for it is but my coniecture Bill for William Clem for Clement Nat for Nathaniel Mab for Abraham Kit for Christopher Mund for Edmund Hall for Harry At and Atty for Arthur Cut for Cuthberd Mill for Miles Baul and Bald for Baldwin Ran for Randal Crips for Crispin Turk for Turktetill Sam for Sampson or Samuell Pipe for Pipard Gib for Gilbert Dan for Daniel Greg for Gregory Bat for Barthobnewe Law for Lawrence 〈◊〉 for Timothy Rol for Rolland Ieff for Ieffrey Dun for Duncan or Dunstan Duke for Marmaduke Daye for David God For Godfrey or Godard for otherwise I cannot imagine how that most holy name vnfit for a man and not to be tolerated should be appropriate to any man and many such like which you may learne of Nurses By adding of S to these Nicknames or Nursenames in all probabilitie we have Robins Nicks Nicolls Thoâ—s Dickes Hickes Wills Sims Sams Iecks Iucks Collins Ienks Munds Hodges Hobs Dobi Saunders from Alexander Gibs from Gilbert Cuts from Cuthberd Bats from Bartholâ—â—we Wats from Walter Philips from Philip Haiâ—es from Anulphus as some will for Ainulphesbury in Cambridgshire is contracted to Aiusbury and such like Many likewise have beene made by adioyning Kiâ—â— and Ius to those nursenames making them in Kiâ—s as it were diminutives those in Ius as Patronymica For so Alfric Archbishop of Canterbury the most ancient Saxon Grammarian of our Nation noteth that names taken from Progenitours do end in Ins so Dickins that is little Dick Perkins from Peir or Peter little Petre so Tomkins Wilkins Hutchins Huggins Higgins Hitchins from Hughe Lambkins Hopkins Hobkins from Hob Dobbinâ— Robbins Atkins from Arthur Gibbins Simkins Hodgekins Hoskins Watkins Ienkins Iennings Tipkins from Tibald Daukins from Davy Rawlins from Raâ—ul that is Rafe and Hankin for Randâ—ll in Cheshire In this manner did the Romans very names as Constans Constantius Constantinus Iustus Iustulus Iustinus Iustinianus Aurelius Aureolus Aurelianus Augustus Augustinus Augustinianus Augustulus c Beside these there are also other diminitive names after the French Analogie in Et or Ot as Willet from Will Haket from Hake Bartlet from Bartholmew Millet from Miles Huet from Hughe Allet from Allan Collet from Cole Guyet from Guy Eliot from Elias and Beckvet that is Little Sharpe nose But many more by addition of Son to the Christian or Nickname of the father as Williamson Richardson Dickson Harryson Gibson for Gilbertson Simson Simondson Stevenson Dauson for Davison Morison Lawson id est Lawrenson Robinson Cutbertson Nicholson Tomson Willson Leweson Iobson Waterson Watson Peerson and Pierson Peterson Haâ—son from Hankin Wilkinson Danison for Daniel Benison and Benson from Bennet Denison Patison from Patrick Ienkinson Matison from Mathew Colson from Cole or Nicholl Rogerson Herdson from Herdingson Hodgskinson Hugheson Hulson from Huldric Hodson from Hod or Oddâ— Nelson from Neale or Nigell Davidson Saunderson Iohnson Raulson from Raoul or Ralf So the ancient Romans vsed Publipor Marcipâ—r Lucipor for Publij puer Marci puer Lucij puer according to Varro As afterwards in the Capitolin Tables they were wont to note both father and grandfather for proofe of their gentry in abbreviations as A. Sempronius Aulifilius Lucij Nepâ—s that is 〈◊〉 Seâ—pronius sonne of Aulus grandchild or nephew of Lucius C. Martius L. F. C. N. c. Neither is it true which some say Omnia nomina in Son sunt boralis generis whenas it was vsuall in every part of the Realme Some also have had names from their mothers as Fitz-parnell Fitz-Isabell Fitz-Mary Fitz-Emme Mandleâ—s Susans Mawds Grace Emson c. As Vespasian the Emperour from Vespasia Polla his mother and Popaea Sabina the Empresse from her grandmother In the same sence it continueth yet in them which descended from the Normans Fitz-Hughe Fitz-william Fitz-Herbert Fitz-Geffrey Fitz-Simon Fitz-Alian Fitz-Owen Fitz-Randoll being names taken from their Progenitours as among the Irish Mac-william Mac-Cone Mac-Dermot Mac-Mahon Mac-Donell Mac-Arti .i. the sonne of Arthur So among the Welsh-Britans likewise Ap-Robert Ap-Evans Ab-Yihel Ap-Hary Ap-Hughe Ap-Rice Ap-Richard Ap-Howell Ap-Enion Ap-Owen Ap-Henry Ap-Rhud which be contracted into Probert Bevans Bythell Parry Pughe Price Prichard Powell Benion Bâ—wen Peurbye Prud c. So in the borders of England and Scotland Gawis Iâ—k for Iohn the sonne of Gawin Richies Edward for Edward the sonne of Richard Iony Riches Will for William the sonne of Iohn sonne of Richard The like I have heard to be in vse among the meaner sort in Cornwall Daintie was the devise of my Host at Grantham which would wisely make a difference of degrees in persons by the terminations of names in this word Son as betweene Robertson Robinson Robson Hobson Richardson Dickson and Dickinson Willson Williamson and Wilkinson Iackson Iohnson Ienkinson as though the one were more worshipful than the other by his degrees of comparison The names of aliance have also continued in some for surnames as where they of one family being of the same Christian name were for distinction called R. Le Frere Le Fitz Le Cosm that is Brother the Sonne c. all which passed in time into Surnames Many names also given in merriment for By-names or Nicke-names have continued to posteritie as Malduit for ill schollership or ill taught Mallieure commonly Mallyvery i. Malus Leporarins for ill hunting the hare Pater noster for devout praying The Frenchman which craftily and cleanely conveyed himselfe and his prisoner T Crioll a great Lord in Rent about the time of King Edward the second out of Fraunce and had therefore Swinfield given him by Crioll as I have read for his fine conveyance was then called Fineux and left that name to his posteritie So Baldwin le-Pettour who had his name and held his land in Suffolke Per saltum sufflum pettum sive bumbulum for dauncing pout-puffing and dooing that before the King of England in Christmasse holy dayes which the worde Pet signifieth in French Inquire if you vnderstand it not of Cloacinas chaplaines or such as are well read in Aâ—ax Vpon such like occasions names were given among the Romans as Tremellius was called Scropha or Sow because when he had hid his neighbours Sow vnder a padde and commanded his wife to lie dovvne thereon he sware when the owner came in to seeke the Sow that hee had no Sow but the great Sow that lay there poynting to the padde and the Sow his vvife So one Cornelius was surnamed Asina for that when he was to put in assurance for payment of certaine summes in a purchase hee brought his Asse laden with money and made ready payment So Augustus named his dwarfe Sarmentum i. sprigge and Tiberius called one Tricongius for carowsing three gallons of wine So Servilius was called Ala for carrying his dagger vnder his arme-pit vvhen hee killed Spurius So Pertinax the Emperor being stubbernly resolute in his youth to be a wood monger as his father vvas
his body was enterred with a gilt image were these sixe excellent verses written in golden letters contayning his greatest and most glorions atchieuementes as his victory against the Sicilians his conquering of Cyprus the sinkinge of the great Galiasse of the Saracens the taking of their Conuoie which in the East partes is called a Caruana and the defending of Ieppe in the holye land against them Scribitur hoc tumulo Rex auree laus tua tota Aurea materiae conueniente notâ Laus tua prima fuit Siculi Cyprus altera Dromo Tertia Caruena quarta suprema Iope Suppressi Siculi Ciprus pessundata Dromo Mersus Caruana capta retenta Iope But sharpe and satyrical was that one verse which by alluding noted his taking the Chalices from Churches for his ransome and place of his death which was called Chaluz Christe tui calicis praedo sit praeda Caluzis Sauaricus Bishop of Bath and Wells a stirring prelate which laboured most for the redeeming King Richard when he was captiue in Austria and is famous in the decretalls lib. 3. tit 9. 0 Nouit ille had this Epitaph for that he was alwayes gadding vp and downe the world and had little rest Hospes erat mundo per mundum semper eundo Sic suprema diès fit sibi prima quies And the like in late yeares was engrauen vpon the monument of Iacobus Triulcio a military man of the same metall as Lodonic Guicciardin reporteth HIC MOR TVVS REQVIESSCIT SEMEL QVI VIVVS REQVIEVIT NVNQVAM But â—imilis Captaine of the guard to Adrian the Emperor when he had passed a most toylesome life after he had retired himselfe from seruice and liued priuatly 7. yeares in the countrie acknowledged that he had liued only them 7. yeares as he caused to be inscribed vpon his monument thus Hic iacet Similis cuius aetas multorum annorum fuit ipse septem duntaxat annos vixit It may be doubted whether Wulgrine the Organist was so good a Musician as Hugh Archdeacon of Yorke was a Poet which made this Epitaph for him Te Wulgrine cadente cadunt vox organa cantus Et quicquid gratum gratia vocis habet Voce lira modulis Syrenes Orphea Phoebum Vnus tres poteras aequiperare tribus Si tamen illorum non fallet fama locorum Quod fueras nobis hoc eris Eliijs Cantor eris qui cantor eras hic charus et illî Orpheus alter eras Orpheus alter eris Vpon one Peter a religious man of this age I found this Petra capit Petri cineres animam Petra Christus Sic sibi diuisit vtraque petra Petrum Vpon the death of Morgan base sonne of king Henry the 2. was made this Epitaph alluding to his name in that alluding age Larga benigna decens iacet his stirps regia morum Organa Morgano fracta iacente silent In the time of king Henry the third they began to make Epitaphs as they call it now out of Propria quae maribus as some do in our age but among them this was short and good for William Erle of Pembroke and Marshall of England buried in the Temple church Sum quem Saeturnum sibi sensit Hibernia Solem Anglia Mercurium Normannia Gallia Martem And this was not bad for Richard de Clare Erle of Glocestor and Hertford which died Anno 1262. Hic pudor Hippoliti Paridis gena sensus Vlissis Aeneae pietas Hectoris ira iacet I doubt not but this time of Simon Montfort Earle of Leicester slaine at Euesham found fauour in that age as the Earle himselfe who was so followed by the people that he durst confront his soueraigne king Henry the 3. and as the Epitaph doth implie was the peerelesse man of that time for valour personage and wisdome Nunc dantur fato casuque cadunt iterato Simone sublato Mars Paris atque Cato Vpon a gentleman as some thinke named None buried at Wimondham who gaue nothing to the religiÌ„ous there was made this Hîc situs est Nullus quia nullo nullior iste Et quia nullus erat de nullo nil tibi Christe Excellent is this which I found in the booke of Wimondham for Pope Lucius borne at Luca Bishop of Ostia Pope of Rome and dying at Verona Luca dedit lucem tibi Luci Pontificatum Ostia Papatum Roma Verona mori Imo Verona dedit tibi verè viuere Roma Exilium curas Ostia Luca mori If you will see an ould Deane named Hamâ— Sol resembled to the twelue sonnes of olde father Annus which had euery one as Cleobulus was wont to call them thirty daughters some faire some foule all dying and neuer dying read this epitaph Participat mensis dotes cuiuslibet Hamo Circumspectus erat vt Ianus crimina purgans Vt Februus veterana nouans vs Martius ipse Semina producens vt Apâ—ilis flore coruscans Vt Maiuâ— facie plaudens vt Iunius intùs Feruens vt Iulius frugis maturiâ—â— adultae Messor vt Augustus faecundans horrea more Septembris replens vino cellaria more Octobris pâ—stor pecundum sed spiritualis More Nouembris epulator dapsilis instar Omne Decembris habet hiemalis peste quiescens Another playing vpon the name Hamon made this for him Olim piscator hominum quasi pisces ab hamo Mortis captus hamo celebrat conuiuia vitae But witty was this whereas he died in a Leape yeare vpon the leape day accounted so vnhappy a day of the Romans that Valentinian the Emperour durst not peepe out in that day one made this Hamo Decane iaces toto fugit exul ab anno Interitum Solis ausa videre dies Verely he was a man of some good note in that time for I finde another of him alluding also to this leape day Nulla dies anni nisi bisextilis et anni Iudicio damnata sui nec subdita mensi Sed noctis lux instar erat lux nescia lucis Et lux existens inter luces quasi bubo Inter aues huius poterat concludere vitam Solis et humanum genus hac priuare lucerna AlexaÌ„der NechaÌ„ a great learned man of this age as appeareth by his books de diuinae sapientiae laudibus was buried in the cloister at Worcester with this but deserued a better Eclipsim patitur sapientia sol sepelitur Qui dum vinebat studij genus omne vigebat Soluitur in cineres Neccham cui si foret haeres In terris vnus minus esset flebile funus A mery mad maker as they call poets now was he which in the time of K. Henry the 3. made this for Iohn Calf O Deus omnipotens vituli miserere Iohannis Quem mors praeucaiens noluit esse bouem Robert de Courtnâ—y was buried at Ford as appeareth by the register of that place 12 â—2 vnder a stately Piramis who whether he was descenâ—ed from the Earles of Eodessa or from Petre the soÌ„ne of 〈◊〉 the Grosse K. of FraÌ„ce had but this bad inscriptioÌ„ which I insert more for the