or_o any_o manner_n of_o article_n contain_v in_o that_o charter_n will_v and_o grant_v that_o such_o manner_n of_o statute_n and_o custom_n shall_v be_v void_a and_o frustrate_a for_o ever_o anno_fw-la 28_o ed._n 1._o artic._n super_fw-la chartaâ—_n ca._n 2._o upon_o complaint_n that_o the_o king_n minister_n of_o his_o house_n do_v to_o the_o great_a grievance_n and_o damage_n of_o the_o people_n take_v the_o good_n as_o well_o of_o the_o clergy_n as_o the_o laity_n without_o pay_v any_o thing_n or_o else_o much_o less_o than_o the_o value_n it_o be_v ordain_v that_o no_o pourveyor_n shall_v take_v any_o thing_n but_o for_o the_o king_n house_n and_o touch_v such_o thing_n as_o they_o shall_v take_v in_o the_o country_n of_o meat_n and_o drink_n and_o such_o other_o mean_a thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o house_n they_o shall_v pay_v or_o make_v agreement_n with_o they_o of_o who_o the_o thing_n shall_v be_v take_v nor_o take_v more_o than_o shall_v be_v needful_a to_o be_v use_v for_o the_o king_n his_o household_n and_o child_n with_o a_o proviso_n therein_o that_o nevertheless_o the_o king_n and_o his_o counsel_n do_v not_o intend_v by_o that_o estatute_n to_o diminish_v the_o king_n right_o for_o the_o ancient_a price_n due_a and_o accustom_a as_o of_o wine_n and_o other_o good_n but_o that_o his_o right_n shall_v be_v save_v unto_o he_o in_o all_o point_n anno_fw-la 16_o ed._n 2._o 2._o the_o king_n send_v his_o writ_n to_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o court_n of_o king_n bench_n than_o not_o so_o fix_v as_o now_o or_o of_o late_a time_n to_o command_v they_o to_o take_v care_n to_o punish_v the_o infringer_n of_o those_o law_n and_o howsoever_o the_o article_n and_o inquiry_n in_o the_o eyres_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o be_v to_o inquire_v and_o punish_v those_o sheriff_n constable_n or_o bailiff_n which_o take_v any_o victual_n or_o provision_n for_o the_o king_n or_o his_o household_n which_o show_v that_o then_o also_o no_o market_n be_v keep_v at_o the_o court_n gate_n nor_o that_o all_o the_o king_n provision_n be_v there_o buy_v or_o take_v contra_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la eorum_fw-la quorum_fw-la catalla_n fuerint_fw-la without_o the_o will_n of_o the_o owner_n which_o in_o all_o probability_n be_v to_o be_v regulate_v and_o persuade_v by_o that_o duty_n and_o loyalty_n which_o every_o good_a subject_n come_v to_o a_o country_n or_o city_n market_n do_v bear_v to_o his_o sovereign_n and_o the_o preserver_n by_o his_o authority_n and_o power_n of_o not_o only_o what_o they_o bring_v to_o market_n that_o day_n but_o what_o be_v leave_v at_o home_n or_o to_o be_v bring_v at_o other_o time_n to_o market_n and_o the_o word_n sine_fw-la consensu_fw-la &_o voluntate_fw-la etc._n etc._n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o seller_n be_v to_o be_v interpret_v and_o understand_v say_v sir_n 543._o edward_n coke_n to_o have_v be_v insert_v in_o that_o and_o other_o statute_n for_o that_o pourveyer_n will_v take_v the_o good_n of_o such_o man_n as_o have_v no_o will_n to_o sell_v they_o but_o to_o spend_v they_o for_o their_o own_o necessary_a use_n but_o afterward_o some_o abuse_n like_o weed_n get_v in_o among_o the_o best_a corn_n or_o great_a care_n of_o the_o watchful_a husbandman_n happen_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o pourveyance_n by_o take_v they_o without_o warrant_n or_o threaten_v the_o seller_n or_o assessor_n to_o make_v easy_a price_n or_o not_o pay_v ready_a money_n or_o the_o market_n rate_n for_o they_o or_o take_v more_o than_o they_o need_v or_o by_o great_a measure_n &_o make_v the_o pourveyance_n for_o divers_a nobleman_n belong_v to_o the_o court_n as_o of_o the_o duke_n of_o gloucester_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o and_o in_o his_o time_n also_o some_o ostler_n brewer_n and_o other_o victualler_n keep_v hostery_n and_o house_n of_o retail_v victual_n in_o divers_a place_n of_o the_o realm_n have_v purchase_v the_o king_n letter_n patent_n to_o take_v horse_n and_o cart_n for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n do_v by_o colour_n of_o they_o take_v horse_n where_o no_o need_n be_v and_o bring_v they_o to_o their_o hostery_n and_o other_o place_n and_o there_o keep_v they_o secret_o until_o they_o have_v spend_v xx_o d_o or_o xl.d._n of_o their_o stuff_n and_o sometime_o more_o and_o then_o make_v the_o owner_n pay_v it_o before_o their_o horse_n can_v be_v deliver_v and_o sometime_o make_v they_o pay_v a_o fine_a at_o their_o will_n and_o at_o other_o time_n take_v fine_n to_o show_v favour_n and_o not_o to_o take_v their_o horse_n and_o many_o time_n will_v not_o pay_v for_o the_o hire_n of_o the_o say_a horse_n and_o cart_n divers_a act_n of_o parliament_n upon_o complaint_n at_o several_a time_n in_o parliament_n of_o the_o say_a abuse_n commit_v by_o pourveyer_n be_v make_v to_o prohibit_v and_o provide_v against_o they_o but_o none_o at_o all_o to_o take_v away_o the_o pourveyance_n it_o self_n or_o praeemption_a or_o the_o king_n just_a right_n and_o prerogatives_n therein_o but_o a_o save_n of_o the_o king_n right_n especial_o provide_v for_o in_o many_o of_o they_o as_o anno_fw-la 10_o ed._n 3._o ca._n 4._o the_o sheriff_n shall_v make_v pourveyance_n for_o the_o king_n horse_n anno_fw-la 18_o ed._n 3._o ca._n 4._o in_o the_o commission_n to_o be_v make_v for_o pourveyance_n the_o fee_n of_o the_o church_n shall_v be_v exempt_v in_o every_o place_n where_o they_o be_v find_v anno_fw-la 25_o ed._n 3._o ca._n 1._o after_o that_o in_o anno_fw-la 20_o ed._n 3._o divers_a pourveyer_n have_v be_v attaint_v and_o hang_v for_o fend_n against_o those_o law_n and_o that_o in_o the_o 23._o year_n of_o that_o king_n reign_n divers_a of_o the_o king_n pourveyer_n be_v indict_v for_o breach_n of_o those_o law_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o if_o any_o pourveyer_n of_o victual_n for_o the_o king_n queen_n or_o their_o child_n shall_v take_v corn_n litter_n or_o victual_n without_o ready_a money_n at_o the_o price_n it_o common_o run_v in_o the_o market_n prize_v by_o oath_n by_o the_o constable_n and_o other_o good_a people_n of_o the_o town_n he_o shall_v be_v arrest_v and_o if_o attaint_v suffer_v pain_n as_o a_o thief_n if_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o good_n the_o same_o require_v cap._n 6._o no_o pourveyer_n shall_v take_v cut_v or_o â—ell_v wood_n or_o timber_n for_o the_o king_n use_n for_o work_n grow_v near_o any_o man_n dwell_v house_n et_fw-fr cap._n 7_o keeper_n of_o forest_n or_o chase_n shall_v gather_v nothing_o nor_o victual_n nor_o sustenance_n without_o the_o owner_n good_a will_n but_o that_o which_o be_v due_a of_o old_a right_n cap._n 15._o if_o any_o pourveyer_n take_v more_o sheep_n than_o shall_v be_v needful_a and_o be_v thereof_o attaint_v it_o shall_v be_v do_v to_o he_o as_o a_o thief_n or_o a_o robber_n anno_fw-la 36_o ed._n 3._o ca._n 6._o no_o lord_n of_o england_n nor_o none_o other_o of_o the_o realm_n of_o what_o estate_n or_o condition_n that_o he_o be_v except_o the_o king_n and_o the_o queen_n his_o wife_n shall_v make_v any_o take_n by_o he_o or_o any_o of_o his_o servant_n of_o any_o manner_n of_o victual_n but_o shall_v buy_v the_o same_o that_o they_o need_v of_o such_o as_o will_v sell_v the_o same_o of_o their_o good_a will_n and_o for_o the_o same_o shall_v make_v ready_a payment_n in_o hand_n according_a as_o they_o may_v agree_v with_o the_o seller_n and_o if_o the_o people_n of_o lord_n or_o of_o other_o do_v in_o other_o manner_n and_o thereof_o be_v attaint_v such_o punishment_n of_o life_n and_o of_o member_n shall_v be_v do_v of_o they_o as_o be_v order_v of_o the_o buyer_n the_o occasion_n of_o the_o make_n of_o which_o statute_n and_o the_o precede_a act_n of_o parliament_n of_o 25_o ed._n 6._o before_o mention_v sir_n 545._o edward_n cook_n inform_v we_o be_v a_o book_n write_v in_o latin_a by_o simon_n islip_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o before_o that_o a_o secretary_n of_o state_n and_o privy_a councillor_n to_o king_n ed._n 3._o call_v speculum_fw-la regis_fw-la sharp_o inveigh_v against_o the_o intolerable_a abuse_n of_o pourveyer_n and_o pourveyance_n in_o many_o particular_n and_o earnest_o advise_v and_o press_a he_o to_o provide_v remedy_n for_o those_o insufferable_a oppresson_n and_o wrong_n offer_v to_o his_o subject_n which_o the_o king_n often_o peruse_v it_o wrought_v such_o effect_n as_o at_o divers_a of_o his_o parliament_n but_o especial_o in_o his_o parliament_n hold_v in_o the_o 36_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o do_v of_o his_o own_o will_n without_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o great_a man_n or_o commons_o as_o the_o record_n of_o parliament_n speak_v cause_n to_o be_v make_v many_o excellent_a law_n against_o the_o oppression_n and_o falsehood_n of_o pourveyâ—rs_n
solvat_fw-la &_o persolvat_fw-la &_o postea_fw-la forisfacturam_fw-la nor_o to_o sell_v or_o buy_v any_o thing_n for_o money_n but_o within_o city_n and_o before_o three_o witness_n nor_o without_o a_o voucher_n or_o warranty_n and_o if_o any_o do_v otherwise_o they_o be_v to_o be_v fine_v and_o at_o last_o incur_v a_o forfeiture_n 60._o item_n nullum_fw-la mercatum_fw-la vel_fw-la forum_n fieri_fw-la permittatur_fw-la nisi_fw-la in_o civitatibus_fw-la regni_fw-la &_o jus_o suum_fw-la commune_v &_o dignitatis_fw-la coronae_fw-la quae_fw-la constituta_fw-la sunt_fw-la a_o bonis_fw-la 61._o predecessoribus_fw-la suis_fw-la deperiri_fw-la non_fw-la possunt_fw-la nec_fw-la violari_fw-la sed_fw-la omne_fw-la rite_n &_o in_o aperto_fw-la &_o per_fw-la judicium_fw-la â—ieri_fw-la debent_fw-la likewise_o that_o no_o market_n be_v keep_v but_o in_o city_n so_o that_o the_o right_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o dignity_n of_o his_o crown_n as_o it_o be_v constitute_v in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o good_a predecessor_n may_v not_o be_v lose_v defraud_a or_o violate_v and_o that_o all_o thing_n be_v right_o and_o open_o do_v according_a to_o right_n and_o justice_n king_n henry_n the_o 1._o his_o son_n say_v the_o monk_n of_o malmsbury_n aurat_fw-la correct_v the_o false_a ell_n or_o measure_n so_o call_v of_o the_o merchant_n brachii_fw-la svi_fw-la mensura_fw-la adhibita_fw-la omnibusque_fw-la per_fw-la angliam_fw-la proposita_fw-la &_o cause_v one_o to_o be_v make_v according_a to_o the_o measure_n or_o length_n of_o his_o own_o arm_n order_v it_o to_o be_v use_v through_o all_o england_n and_o in_o his_o law_n reckon_v the_o punishment_n of_o false_a coiner_n and_o prohibit_v and_o punish_v of_o forestall_v or_o forestalling_a of_o market_n inter_fw-la jura_n his_o right_n &_o royal_a prerogative_n quae_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la solus_fw-la &_o super_fw-la omnes_fw-la homines_fw-la habet_fw-la in_o terra_fw-la sua_fw-la which_o belong_v to_o he_o only_o as_o king_n of_o england_n and_o 1._o without_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n order_v the_o rate_n and_o value_n of_o money_n which_o be_v the_o mensura_fw-la rerum_fw-la measure_n &_o guide_v of_o all_o thing_n in_o commerce_n and_o deal_n one_o man_n with_o another_o have_v no_o small_a influence_n or_o power_n in_o the_o heighten_v or_o lessen_v of_o the_o price_n of_o thing_n and_o be_v such_o a_o part_n of_o sovereignty_n as_o the_o parliament_n in_o their_o 19_o high_a and_o mighty_a and_o unreasonable_a proposition_n send_v unto_o the_o late_a king_n charles_n the_o martyr_n in_o his_o trouble_n in_o june_n 1642._o never_o attempt_v to_o restrain_v or_o take_v from_o he_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o when_o as_o ranuphus_fw-la de_fw-la glanvilla_fw-la chief_a justice_n of_o england_n under_o he_o say_v in_o that_o book_n which_o be_v general_o believe_v to_o have_v be_v write_v by_o he_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n be_v ratione_fw-la introductis_fw-la &_o diu_fw-la obtentis_fw-la found_v upon_o reason_n and_o long_o use_v have_v arrive_v to_o that_o perfection_n as_o pauperes_fw-la non_fw-la opprimabantur_fw-la adversarii_fw-la potentia_fw-la nec_fw-la a_o limitibus_fw-la judiciorum_fw-la 7._o propellabat_fw-la quenquam_fw-la amicorum_fw-la favour_n &_o gratia_fw-la the_o poor_a be_v not_o oppress_v by_o their_o adversary_n power_n nor_o do_v partiality_n or_o friendship_n hinder_v any_o from_o justice_n the_o inquiry_n and_o punishment_n of_o false_a measure_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o deceit_n do_v appertain_v coronae_fw-la regis_fw-la to_o the_o king_n only_o justice_n in_o eyre_n be_v after_o the_o return_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o from_o his_o captivity_n send_v into_o all_o county_n of_o england_n to_o inquire_v among_o other_o thing_n de_fw-fr 423._o faeneratoribus_fw-la &_o vinis_fw-la venditis_fw-la contra_fw-la assisam_fw-la &_o de_fw-la falsis_fw-la mensuris_fw-la tam_fw-la vini_fw-la quam_fw-la aliarum_fw-la rerum_fw-la of_o usurer_n and_o of_o wine_n sell_v contrary_a to_o the_o assize_n and_o of_o false_a measure_n as_o well_o of_o wine_n as_o other_o thing_n in_o anno_fw-la quarto_fw-la of_o king_n john_n be_v thirteen_o year_n before_o the_o grant_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la de_fw-la libertatibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la the_o great_a charter_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o england_n the_o king_n do_v by_o his_o edict_n and_o proclamation_n command_v the_o assize_n of_o bread_n to_o be_v strict_o observe_v under_o the_o pain_n of_o stand_v upon_o the_o pillory_n and_o the_o rate_n be_v set_v 208._o &_o the_o assize_n approve_v per_fw-la pistorem_fw-la as_o matthew_n paris_n say_v gaufridi_fw-la silij_fw-la petri_n justiciarii_fw-la angliae_fw-la &_o pistorem_fw-la r._n de_fw-fr thurnam_n by_o the_o baker_n of_o jeoffry_n fitz_n peter_n justice_n of_o england_n and_o the_o baker_n of_o r._n of_o thurnam_n and_o in_o the_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o liberty_n grant_v by_o he_o afterward_o at_o run_v munde_v or_o mead_n near_o stanes_n assent_v which_o our_o ancestor_n and_o procurer_n of_o that_o charter_n believe_v to_o be_v for_o a_o public_a good_a that_o una_fw-la mensura_fw-la vini_fw-la &_o cervisiae_fw-la sit_fw-la per_fw-la totum_fw-la regnum_fw-la &_o una_fw-la mensura_fw-la bladi_fw-la scilicet_fw-la quarterium_fw-la londinense_fw-la &_o una_fw-la latitudo_fw-la pannorum_fw-la tinctorum_fw-la &_o russetorum_fw-la &_o 258._o haubergetorum_fw-la panni_fw-la genus_fw-la a_o kind_n of_o cloth_n say_v sir_n henry_n spelman_n then_o so_o call_v there_o shall_v be_v throughout_o all_o england_n one_o measure_n of_o wine_n and_o beer_n and_o the_o like_a of_o corn_n and_o of_o the_o breadth_n of_o cloth_n die_v and_o russet_a or_o other_o kind_n and_o be_v confirm_v by_o 25._o king_n henry_n the_o three_o his_o son_n in_o anno_fw-la 9_o of_o his_o reign_n who_o by_o a_o ordinance_n make_v by_o the_o king_n command_n and_o on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o king_n howsoever_o it_o be_v style_v a_o statute_n and_o be_v place_v in_o our_o statute_n book_n collect_v by_o mr._n poulton_n among_o those_o which_o he_o call_v statute_n incerti_fw-la temporis_fw-la make_v in_o the_o reign_v of_o hen._n 3._o ed._n 1._o or_o ed._n 2._o but_o can_v assign_v by_o who_o or_o in_o what_o year_n or_o time_n but_o in_o all_o probability_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o do_v ordain_v that_o no_o forestall_a which_o be_v a_o open_a oppresser_n of_o poor_a people_n and_o of_o the_o commonalty_n and_o a_o enemy_n of_o the_o whole_a shire_n and_o country_n which_o for_o greediness_n of_o his_o private_a gain_n do_v prevent_v other_o in_o buy_v grain_n fish_n herring_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n to_o be_v sell_v come_v by_o land_n or_o water_n oppress_v the_o poor_a and_o deceive_a the_o rich_a and_o carri_v away_o such_o thing_n intend_v to_o sell_v they_o more_o dear_a shall_v be_v suffer_v to_o dwell_v in_o any_o town_n he_o that_o shall_v be_v convict_v thereof_o shall_v for_o the_o first_o offence_n be_v amerce_v and_o lose_v the_o thing_n so_o buy_v and_o for_o the_o second_o time_n have_v judgement_n of_o the_o pillory_n the_o three_o time_n be_v imprison_v and_o make_v fine_a and_o the_o four_o time_n abjure_v the_o town_n and_o this_o judgement_n to_o be_v give_v upon_o all_o manner_n of_o forestaller_n and_o likewise_o upon_o they_o that_o have_v give_v they_o counsel_n help_v or_o favour_n and_o provide_v that_o his_o people_n shall_v not_o be_v oppress_v with_o immoderate_a &_o unreasonable_a price_n in_o the_o buy_n of_o food_n and_o victual_n and_o other_o necessary_n do_v by_o his_o writ_n limit_v the_o price_n of_o lamprey_n 23._o and_o have_v as_o his_o royal_a progenitor_n such_o a_o power_n and_o just_a prerogative_n of_o regulate_v and_o well_o order_v of_o market_n and_o fair_n as_o notwithstanding_o any_o charter_n or_o grant_n of_o fair_n and_o market_n to_o city_n and_o town_n he_o do_v in_o anno_fw-la quinto_fw-la of_o â—_o his_o reign_n upon_o a_o complaint_n of_o some_o merchant_n of_o lynn_n that_o when_o they_o come_v to_o sell_v their_o good_n and_o merchandise_n at_o norwich_n the_o merchant_n or_o tradesman_n take_v away_o their_o good_n and_o merchandise_n to_o the_o value_n of_o three_o hundred_o mark_n by_o his_o writ_n give_v they_o power_n to_o arrest_v and_o seize_v any_o good_n of_o the_o norwich_n merchant_n which_o shall_v come_v to_o any_o fair_n at_o lin_z until_o that_o justice_n shall_v be_v do_v unto_o they_o and_o in_o doâ—sâ—_n anno_fw-la 49._o of_o his_o reign_n command_v the_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n that_o they_o shall_v enrol_v and_o cause_n to_o be_v execute_v his_o letter_n patent_n of_o a_o confirmation_n to_o the_o citizen_n of_o lincoln_n of_o a_o charter_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o his_o grandfather_n that_o the_o sheriff_n and_o other_o the_o king_n officer_n and_o minister_n of_o lincolnschiry_n shall_v not_o hinder_v foreign_a merchant_n to_o come_v to_o lincoln_n to_o trade_n there_o ita_fw-la rationabiliter_fw-la &_o just_a as_o reasonable_o and_o just_o as_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o do_v in_o
the_o time_n of_o his_o great_a grandfather_n henry_n the_o first_o his_o uncle_n king_n richard_n and_o his_o father_n king_n john_n or_o at_o any_o time_n in_o his_o own_o reign_n until_o his_o first_o go_v over_o the_o sea_n into_o britain_n for_o the_o king_n of_o england_n say_v the_o learned_a sir_n john_n davies_n imposition_n have_v always_o â—ad_a a_o special_a prerogative_n in_o the_o order_n and_o government_n of_o all_o trade_n and_o traffic_n in_o corporation_n market_n and_o fair_n within_o the_o kingdom_n which_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n do_v acknowledge_v and_o submit_v unto_o as_o among_o many_o other_o thing_n may_v appear_v by_o the_o charter_n grant_v to_o the_o abbot_n of_o westminster_n mention_v in_o the_o register_n of_o writ_n wherein_o the_o king_n do_v grant_v to_o the_o abbot_n &_o his_o successor_n to_o hold_v a_o fair_a at_o westminster_n for_o two_o and_o thirty_o day_n together_o with_o a_o prohibition_n 167._o that_o no_o man_n within_o seven_o mile_n thereof_o shall_v during_o that_o time_n buy_v or_o sell_v but_o at_o that_o fair._n whence_o for_o the_o freedom_n of_o market_n and_o fair_n protection_n in_o go_v and_o return_v and_o other_o immunity_n have_v their_o extraction_n and_o original_n and_o no_o less_o just_a and_o reasonable_a then_o ancient_a foundation_n those_o duty_n of_o toll_n or_o tribute_n for_o all_o thing_n sell_v in_o they_o &_o the_o exemption_n of_o the_o king_n own_o tenant_n or_o in_o ancient_n demeasn_a by_o writ_n de_fw-la quietos_fw-la esse_fw-la de_fw-la theloneo_fw-la to_o be_v toll-free_a 258._o à _fw-fr regale_n and_o power_n not_o deny_v to_o any_o foreign_a prince_n or_o king_n in_o christendom_n or_o the_o state_n of_o holland_n in_o their_o free_a as_o they_o will_v be_v call_v commonwealth_n the_o benefit_n and_o authority_n whereof_o most_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n of_o this_o nation_n tanquam_fw-la reguli_fw-la as_o little_a king_n do_v by_o the_o charter_n and_o grant_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n or_o a_o prescription_n or_o time_n immemoriall_n which_o suppose_v it_o now_o enjoy_v in_o their_o manor_n under_o that_o part_n only_o of_o his_o prerogative_n and_o many_o city_n borough_n and_o town_n corporate_a by_o their_o charter_n have_v likewise_o not_o only_o before_o the_o 49_o of_o henry_n three_o but_o in_o almost_o every_o king_n reign_n since_o their_o liberty_n custom_n and_o franchise_n concern_v their_o market_n and_o fair_n and_o the_o assize_n and_o correction_n of_o victual_n whence_o also_o be_v deduce_v the_o standard_n keep_v in_o the_o exchequer_n for_o all_o weight_n and_o measure_n the_o king_n power_n of_o the_o mint_n coin_v enhaunce_a or_o decry_v the_o value_n of_o money_n and_o his_o public_a beam_n or_o weigh-house_n in_o london_n where_o all_o merchandise_n bring_v from_o beyond_o the_o sea_n be_v or_o shall_v be_v just_o weigh_v and_o whence_o it_o come_v that_o king_n henry_n the_o 3._o in_o the_o nine_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n cause_v the_o constable_n of_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n to_o arrest_v the_o ship_n of_o the_o cinque-port_n on_o the_o thames_n and_o compel_v they_o to_o bring_v their_o corn_n to_o no_o other_o place_n but_o only_o to_o the_o queen_n hithe_n charge_v in_o anno_fw-la undecimo_fw-la of_o his_o reign_n the_o say_a constable_n to_o distrain_v all_o fish_n offer_v to_o be_v sell_v in_o any_o place_n but_o at_o queen_n hithe_n and_o that_o toll_v and_o payment_n be_v then_o and_o former_o make_v and_o pay_v to_o the_o king_n use_n for_o corn_n fish_n and_o all_o other_o provision_n bring_v thither_o or_o to_o down_o or_o dowgate_n the_o rent_n and_o profit_n whereof_o be_v afterward_o in_o 3._o anno_fw-la 31._o of_o his_o reign_n grant_v and_o confirm_v to_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n of_o london_n at_o 50_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la fee-farm_n and_o in_o anno_fw-la 14_o h._n 3._o foreign_a ship_n lade_v with_o fish_n be_v order_v to_o unlade_v only_o at_o queen_n hithe_n and_o if_o any_o do_v contrary_a thereunto_o he_o shall_v be_v amerce_v forty_o shilling_n whence_o also_o proceed_v that_o well_o know_v and_o ancient_a office_n of_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o market_n in_o the_o late_a end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o 8._o who_o be_v not_o to_o be_v a_o stranger_n in_o the_o price_n or_o rate_n of_o the_o market_n for_o his_o office_n extend_v something_o further_a than_o the_o care_n of_o just_a weight_n and_o measure_n and_o as_o sir_n john_n davies_n say_v be_v to_o oversee_v and_o correct_v all_o abuse_n in_o market_n and_o fair_n it_o be_v say_v in_o fleta_n that_o ipse_fw-la in_o notitia_fw-la assisarum_fw-la panis_fw-la vini_fw-la mensurarum_fw-la cervisiae_fw-la debet_fw-la experiri_fw-la ut_fw-la inde_fw-la notitiam_fw-la habeat_fw-la pleniorem_fw-la he_o ought_v well_o to_o inform_v himself_o of_o the_o assize_n of_o bread_n measure_n beer_n and_o wine_n the_o late_a of_o which_o be_v not_o assise_v or_o rate_v by_o the_o assisa_fw-la panis_fw-la &_o cervisiae_fw-la in_o anno_fw-la 51_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o and_o no_o man_n can_v be_v fit_a to_o watch_v and_o hinder_v for_o the_o justice_n in_o eyre_n come_v but_o twice_o a_o year_n or_o seldom_o into_o every_o county_n forestaller_n or_o such_o as_o make_v the_o market_n dear_a or_o inform_v or_o give_v evidence_n thereof_o to_o the_o justice_n in_o eyre_n or_o jury_n impanel_v by_o they_o than_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o market_n who_o be_v probable_o attendant_a in_o all_o the_o iter_n or_o eyres_n for_o otherwise_o the_o juries_n who_o have_v it_o then_o in_o charge_n to_o inquire_v of_o false_a weight_n and_o measure_n or_o such_o as_o buy_v by_o one_o measure_n and_o sell_v by_o another_o will_v have_v want_v or_o not_o so_o well_o have_v have_v their_o evidence_n and_o the_o justice_n in_o eyre_n can_v not_o so_o well_o inquire_v in_o their_o eyre_n or_o circuit_n de_fw-fr custodibus_fw-la mensurarum_fw-la of_o the_o guardian_n of_o the_o measure_n or_o clerk_n of_o the_o market_n for_o so_o they_o may_v be_v understand_v to_o be_v which_o take_v bribe_n or_o gift_n to_o permit_v false_a measure_n if_o there_o have_v be_v but_o one_o clerk_n of_o the_o market_n infra_fw-la villatas_fw-la &_o virgam_fw-la hospitii_fw-la regis_fw-la within_o the_o township_n or_o verge_n of_o the_o king_n house_n or_o if_o as_o sir_n edward_n coke_n suppose_v the_o clerk_n of_o the_o market_n have_v be_v pen_v within_o the_o narrow_a compass_n of_o the_o king_n house_n and_o the_o verge_n thereof_o or_o that_o the_o care_n of_o the_o fair_n and_o market_n and_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o to_o that_o concernment_n have_v be_v but_o only_o calculate_v for_o the_o king_n household_n and_o confine_v unto_o it_o when_o as_o bracton_n a_o learned_a judge_n sub_fw-la ultima_fw-la tempora_fw-la henrici_fw-la tertii_fw-la in_o the_o late_a end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o have_v record_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr legibus_fw-la &_o consuetudinibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la of_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n the_o justice_n in_o eyre_n do_v inquire_v 120._o the_o mensuris_fw-la factis_fw-la &_o juratis_fw-la per_fw-la regnum_fw-la si_fw-la servatae_fw-la sint_fw-la sicut_fw-la praevisum_fw-la fuit_fw-la &_o de_fw-la vinis_fw-la venditis_fw-la contra_fw-la assisam_fw-la etc._n etc._n of_o the_o measure_v swear_v to_o be_v observe_v whether_o they_o be_v keep_v as_o it_o be_v ordain_v and_o of_o wine_n sell_v contrary_a thereunto_o and_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v gravis_fw-la praesumptio_fw-la contra_fw-la regem_fw-la &_o coronam_fw-la &_o dignitatem_fw-la svam_fw-la si_fw-la assisae_fw-la statutae_fw-la &_o juratae_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la svo_fw-la ad_fw-la commuem_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la utilitatem_fw-la non_fw-la fuerint_fw-la observatae_fw-la a_o great_a offence_n against_o the_o king_n his_o crown_n and_o dignity_n if_o the_o assize_n or_o rate_n which_o be_v appoint_v and_o swear_v to_o be_v keep_v in_o the_o kingdom_n to_o the_o common_a profit_n or_o weal_n public_a thereof_o shall_v not_o be_v keep_v which_o do_v full_o evidence_n that_o those_o ancient_a right_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v inquirable_a in_o the_o eyres_n and_o leet_n long_o before_o that_o which_o be_v call_v a_o statute_n of_o view_n of_o frank_n pledge_n in_o anno_fw-la 18_o ed._n 2._o be_v make_v which_o at_o the_o best_a be_v but_o declaratory_a of_o what_o be_v before_o the_o common_a law_n &_o some_o other_o ancient_a custom_n of_o england_n and_o anno_fw-la 51_o h._n 3._o in_o the_o assisa_fw-la panis_fw-la &_o cervisae_fw-la be_v as_o decree_n or_o rate_n ordain_v which_o as_o to_o ale_n and_o drink_v the_o judicious_a and_o right-learned_a sir_n henry_n spelman_n believe_v be_v assisa_fw-la altioris_fw-la originis_fw-la and_o as_o ancient_a as_o 18_o r._n 1._o mutatis_fw-la ratione_fw-la seculi_fw-la mutandae_fw-la to_o be_v alter_v and_o change_v according_a to_o the_o rate_n
of_o the_o county_n and_o enter_v into_o recognizance_n not_o to_o forestall_v or_o engross_v provide_v that_o all_o city_n and_o town_n corporate_a may_v assign_v and_o licence_v pourveyor_n for_o their_o provision_n which_o power_n of_o regulate_v weight_n and_o measure_n and_o reduction_n of_o victual_n to_o reasonable_a price_n and_o rate_n be_v no_o stranger_n in_o ireland_n whither_o many_o if_o not_o all_o of_o our_o then_o law_n be_v transmit_v by_o king_n john_n by_o exemplification_n undeâ—_n his_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n and_o all_o our_o law_n reasonable_a custom_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n both_o before_o and_o afterward_o be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n call_v poynings_n act_n or_o law_n allow_v and_o enact_v to_o be_v law_n in_o that_o kingdom_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o our_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o nor_o in_o scotland_n where_o the_o assize_n of_o weight_n and_o measure_n be_v ordain_v by_o king_n james_n the_o first_o in_o parliament_n in_o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1426._o and_o it_o be_v also_o ordain_v by_o majest_n king_n james_n the_o second_o in_o parliament_n that_o schireffes_n baylly_n and_o uth_a officiar_n baith_n to_o burgh_n and_o to_o land_n take_v and_o inquire_v at_o ilk_fw-mi court_n that_o they_o haldquhat_v person_n within_o their_o bound_n by_o be_v victual_n and_o haldis_fw-la it_o till_o a_o dearth_n and_o punish_v they_o which_o shall_v be_v find_v to_o offend_v therein_o and_o beside_o their_o uth_a punishment_n the_o victual_n that_o they_o have_v be_v escheat_v to_o the_o king_n all_o which_o may_v declare_v and_o give_v we_o to_o understand_v how_o unreasonable_a it_o will_v be_v that_o the_o king_n who_o by_o his_o oath_n and_o kingly_a office_n be_v to_o keep_v all_o his_o people_n from_o oppression_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a sin_n of_o sodom_n as_o the_o prophet_n 16.49_o ezekiel_n tell_v we_o in_o that_o she_o strengthen_v not_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o poor_a and_o needy_a cause_v god_n to_o say_v he_o will_v come_v down_o and_o see_v the_o oppression_n of_o his_o people_n shall_v take_v no_o order_n to_o preserve_v himself_o from_o the_o more_o than_o former_o deceit_n of_o his_o own_o people_n and_o their_o enhance_v of_o prize_n king_n edward_n the_o second_o therefore_o and_o his_o council_n after_o that_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n have_v in_o the_o dâ—â—s_n second_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n grant_v he_o in_o parliament_n a_o aid_n of_o the_o five_o and_o twenty_o part_n of_o their_o good_n upon_o condition_n that_o he_o will_v answer_v and_o redress_v their_o grievance_n which_o they_o in_o eleven_o article_n have_v then_o present_v unto_o he_o in_o some_o of_o which_o they_o complain_v that_o their_o corn_n victual_n poultry_n and_o fish_n as_o well_o fresh_a as_o salt_n be_v take_v by_o those_o which_o call_v themselves_o the_o king_n minister_n and_o pay_v nothing_o for_o it_o nor_o give_v they_o any_o manner_n of_o satisfaction_n by_o which_o they_o be_v great_o impoverish_v and_o he_o have_v answer_v that_o there_o be_v a_o ordinance_n make_v of_o those_o prize_n in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o father_n king_n edward_n which_o be_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n and_o will_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v keep_v and_o observe_v in_o all_o part_n do_v in_o the_o fifteen_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n upon_o occasion_n of_o his_o be_v at_o cirencester_n in_o the_o county_n of_o gloucester_n with_o divers_a of_o the_o nobility_n and_o great_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n not_o think_v it_o to_o be_v any_o violation_n of_o the_o law_n former_o make_v for_o the_o regulation_n of_o pourveyance_n to_o command_v and_o ordain_v by_o his_o letter_n paâ—ents_v direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o gloucester_n worcester_z and_o wiltshire_n in_o the_o word_n follow_v viz._n rex_fw-la vic_a &_o al._n ministris_fw-la de_fw-fr com._n glouc._n wigorn._n &_o wilts_n salutem_fw-la cum_fw-la sumus_fw-la in_o partibus_fw-la cirencestr_n cum_fw-la pluribus_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la pro_fw-la negotiis_fw-la etc._n etc._n &_o pro_fw-la nostra_fw-la &_o ipsorum_fw-la 5._o sustentatione_n plura_fw-la victualia_fw-la oportet_fw-la providere_fw-la &_o plures_fw-la frumentum_fw-la habâ—ntes_fw-la ea_fw-la penes_fw-la se_fw-la retinent_fw-la non_fw-la curantes_fw-la illa_fw-la vendic_fw-la expâ—nere_fw-la nisi_fw-la excessiva_fw-la caristia_n nos_fw-la volentes_fw-la sustentac_fw-la â—orum_fw-la providere_fw-la prout_fw-la decet_fw-la assignavimuus_fw-la johan_n hampton_n &_o al._n ad_fw-la supervidendum_fw-la blada_fw-la in_o com._n predict_v &_o add_v emend_v ubi_fw-la blada_fw-la invenerint_fw-la pro_fw-la pretio_fw-la rationabili_fw-la jam_fw-la currente_n de_fw-la quo_fw-la ipsi_fw-la respondeant_fw-la illa_fw-la quo_fw-la pretio_fw-la emptâ—â—runt_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la liberand_n pistoribus_fw-la &_o braciatoribus_fw-la furnend_n braciand_n &_o vend_n dictis_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o a_o reasonable_a price_n shall_v according_a to_o the_o ordinary_a market_n rate_v beset_v upon_o corn._n noâ—â—ere_v the_o writ_n or_o commission_n de_fw-fr providentiis_fw-la pro_fw-la rege_fw-la faciendis_fw-la to_o buy_v and_o make_v provision_n for_o the_o king_n household_n in_o 8._o 7_o e._n 2._o 37_o e._n 3._o 3_o r._n 2._o 1_o h._n 4._o and_o other_o king_n reign_v direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o several_a county_n to_o who_o oath_n and_o office_n it_o belong_v by_o the_o just_a and_o ancient_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n to_o cause_v man_n to_o sell_v victual_n and_o necessary_a provision_n at_o reasonable_a rate_n and_o price_n or_o writ_n send_v to_o the_o sheriff_n to_o make_v provision_n for_o some_o of_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n and_o their_o train_n in_o their_o passage_n as_o they_o come_v to_o london_n to_o do_v their_o homage_n unto_o some_o of_o our_o king_n esteem_v to_o be_v any_o breach_n of_o the_o people_n liberty_n neither_o do_v queen_n elizabeth_n that_o delight_n and_o love_n of_o her_o people_n enrich_v as_o well_o as_o ease_v and_o fill_v they_o with_o peace_n and_o plenty_n who_o be_v never_o of_o the_o opinion_n of_o oliver_n cromwell_n that_o grand_a master_n of_o iniquity_n who_o as_o careful_a as_o he_o will_v seem_v to_o be_v of_o the_o people_n ease_n and_o liberty_n in_o his_o afterward_o counterfeit_a kindness_n of_o take_v away_o the_o royal_a pourveyance_n can_v when_o he_o be_v lieutenant_n general_n of_o a_o army_n of_o a_o distemper_a and_o disobedient_a part_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v move_v by_o a_o gentleman_n of_o bedfordshire_n for_o some_o ease_n of_o their_o great_a assessment_n and_o burden_n answer_n that_o he_o can_v never_o believe_v that_o the_o countryman_n be_v poor_a or_o not_o able_a to_o bear_v they_o as_o long_o as_o they_o can_v whistle_v at_o the_o blow_n and_o cart_n but_o so_o content_v they_o in_o her_o happy_a government_n as_o the_o 20._o day_n of_o november_n the_o beginning_n of_o her_o reign_n be_v yet_o though_o above_o one_o hundred_o year_n ago_o grateful_o remember_v with_o the_o ring_n of_o bell_n in_o many_o of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n conceive_v or_o understand_v it_o to_o be_v any_o grievance_n to_o the_o people_n for_o the_o sovereign_n or_o lex_fw-la viva_fw-la the_o maker_n protector_n and_o preserver_n of_o many_o of_o those_o good_a law_n which_o they_o enjoy_v to_o ordain_v and_o publish_v by_o the_o advice_n of_o her_o privy_a council_n who_o by_o the_o happy_a and_o sage_a conduct_n of_o all_o her_o affair_n be_v well_o know_v by_o the_o effect_n as_o well_o as_o the_o cause_n the_o medium_n as_o well_o as_o the_o success_n to_o be_v as_o wise_a and_o prudent_a a_o council_n as_o any_o prince_n of_o christendom_n have_v to_o attend_v they_o that_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o market_n in_o avoid_v of_o the_o danger_n of_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o office_n and_o further_a punishment_n at_o her_o pleasure_n shall_v due_o and_o substantial_o put_v in_o execution_n all_o such_o thing_n as_o to_o his_o charge_n appertain_v as_o well_o for_o victual_n to_o be_v have_v seasonable_a good_a and_o wholesome_a in_o the_o town_n and_o place_n near_o unto_o the_o court_n as_o for_o the_o just_a observe_v of_o weight_n and_o measure_n assign_v and_o assess_v and_o likewise_o for_o settle_v of_o convenient_a and_o reasonable_a prize_n as_o well_o upon_o meat_n and_o drink_n horse-meat_n lodging_n bedding_n and_o other_o thing_n in_o such_o case_n accustom_v so_o as_o the_o nobleman_n attend_v in_o the_o court_n and_o all_o suitor_n &_o other_o follow_v the_o same_o be_v not_o compel_v in_o default_n of_o the_o say_a clerk_n to_o be_v put_v unto_o excessive_a charge_n for_o their_o expense_n but_o such_o indifferency_n to_o be_v use_v therein_o as_o the_o plenty_n or_o sterility_n consider_v shall_v accord_v with_o equity_n and_o straight_o charge_v that_o no_o person_n of_o what_o estate_n or_o degree_n soever_o shall_v in_o any_o wise_a pay_n more_o for_o vittail_n horsemeat_n lodging_n or_o otherways_o then_o after_o the_o prize_n that_o
or_o avarice_n by_o take_v advantage_n of_o some_o particular_a person_n folly_n or_o overbidding_a and_o keep_v up_o the_o excessive_a rate_n of_o the_o market_n to_o the_o same_o or_o a_o more_o unreasonable_a price_n and_o not_o be_v willing_a to_o let_v they_o fall_v again_o to_o a_o low_a price_n though_o there_o be_v plenty_n and_o reason_n enough_o to_o do_v it_o unlawful_a combination_n and_o confederacy_n of_o trade_n man_n to_o raise_v their_o price_n or_o cause_v their_o ware_n to_o be_v make_v slight_a or_o insufficient_a unconscionable_a adulterate_n of_o commodity_n and_o make_v they_o seem_v what_o they_o be_v not_o to_o raise_v the_o great_a price_n evil_a artifices_fw-la of_o forestaller_n of_o the_o market_n engrosser_n and_o regrator_n who_o for_o their_o own_o ungodly_a gain_n can_v make_v a_o dearth_n and_o scarcity_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o plenty_n and_o like_a caterpillar_n spoil_v and_o devour_v the_o hope_n of_o the_o year_n fertility_n the_o landlord_n rack_a of_o rent_n and_o the_o price_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o household_n provision_n and_o other_o thing_n raise_v by_o the_o tenant_n to_o enable_v they_o to_o pay_v they_o a_o universal_a pride_n and_o vanity_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o enhance_v of_o price_n to_o support_v they_o plunder_v misery_n and_o desolation_n of_o war_n numberless_a trick_n and_o deceit_n of_o tradesman_n and_o fraud_n of_o the_o common_a and_o rustic_a part_n of_o the_o people_n in_o the_o county_n near_o london_n in_o keep_v many_o of_o their_o cattle_n half_a a_o mile_n or_o some_o little_a distance_n from_o the_o fair_n until_o the_o evening_n or_o much_o of_o the_o day_n be_v spend_v to_o make_v they_o to_o sell_v at_o great_a rate_n frequent_a deceit_n of_o stocking_n or_o tie_v up_o the_o udder_n of_o cow_n a_o day_n before_o hand_n to_o make_v they_o swell_v and_o seem_v to_o give_v great_a store_n of_o milk_n and_o as_o many_o other_o trick_n of_o trade_n and_o deceit_n as_o the_o devil_n and_o delude_v conscience_n can_v invent_v and_o true_o look_v upon_o as_o cause_n or_o concurrent_a part_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o now_o grand_a and_o most_o intolerable_a enhance_v of_o the_o rate_n and_o pâ—ices_n of_o victual_n household_n provision_n and_o other_o commodity_n there_o will_v be_v little_a or_o no_o room_n for_o the_o suppose_a plenty_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n to_o be_v either_o a_o cause_n or_o so_o much_o as_o any_o part_n of_o a_o cause_n of_o it_o nor_o can_v be_v well_o imagine_v when_o as_o notwithstanding_o that_o betwixt_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o and_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n the_o gold_n and_o silver_n mine_n of_o the_o west_n indies_n have_v by_o the_o spanish_a cruelty_n to_o the_o indian_n and_o their_o almost_o extirpation_n afford_v such_o quantity_n of_o these_o bait_n of_o satan_n and_o temptation_n as_o two_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o million_o of_o gold_n commerce_n do_v appear_v by_o the_o record_n of_o the_o custom_n house_n of_o seville_n to_o have_v be_v bring_v from_o the_o west_n indies_n into_o spain_n all_o the_o plenty_n of_o that_o riches_n either_o by_o our_o merchant_n bring_v in_o of_o bullion_n from_o spain_n and_o its_o other_o kingdom_n and_o province_n by_o commerce_n or_o return_v of_o merchandise_n do_v not_o so_o in_o england_n raise_v &_o enhance_v the_o rate_n and_o price_n of_o victual_n and_o household_n provision_n but_o that_o we_o find_v the_o parliament_n of_o 24._o h._n 8._o ordain_v that_o beef_n pork_n mutton_n and_o veal_n shall_v be_v sell_v by_o the_o weight_n call_v haber_n dupois_n no_o person_n shall_v take_v for_o a_o pound_n of_o beef_n or_o pork_n above_o one_o half_a penny_n nor_o for_o a_o pound_n of_o mutton_n or_o veal_n above_o half_a penny_n farthing_n do_v believe_v they_o may_v be_v reasonable_o so_o afford_v and_o the_o rate_n of_o victual_n and_o household_n provision_n notwithstanding_o so_o increase_v as_o in_o the_o year_n follow_v it_o be_v ordain_v that_o governor_n of_o city_n and_o market_n town_n upon_o complaint_n to_o they_o make_v of_o any_o butcher_n refuse_v to_o sell_v victual_n by_o the_o weight_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o 24_o h._n 8._o ca._n 3._o may_v commit_v the_o offender_n towards_o until_o he_o shall_v pay_v all_o penalty_n limit_v by_o the_o say_a statute_n and_o be_v enable_v to_o sell_v or_o cause_n to_o be_v sell_v by_o weight_n all_o such_o victual_n for_o ready_a money_n to_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o owner_n and_o if_o any_o grazier_n farmer_n breeder_n drover_n etc._n etc._n shall_v refuse_v to_o sell_v his_o fat_a cattle_n to_o a_o butcher_n upon_o such_o reasonable_a price_n as_o he_o may_v retail_v it_o at_o the_o price_n assess_v by_o the_o say_a statute_n the_o justice_n of_o peace_n mayor_n or_o governor_n shall_v cause_v indifferent_a person_n to_o set_v the_o price_n of_o the_o same_o which_o if_o the_o owner_n refuse_v to_o accept_v then_o the_o justice_n etc._n etc._n shall_v bind_v he_o to_o appear_v the_o next_o term_n in_o the_o star_n chamber_n to_o be_v punish_v as_o the_o king_n council_n shall_v think_v good_a and_o the_o same_o parliament_n enact_v that_o upon_o every_o complaint_n make_v of_o any_o enhaunce_n of_o price_n of_o cheese_n butter_n capon_n hen_n chicken_n and_o other_o victual_n necessary_a for_o man_n sustenance_n without_o ground_n or_o cause_n reasonable_a in_o any_o part_n of_o this_o realm_n or_o in_o any_o other_o the_o king_n dominion_n the_o lord_n chancellor_n of_o england_n the_o lord_n precedent_n of_o the_o king_n most_o honourable_a council_n the_o lord_n privy_a seal_n the_o lord_n steward_n the_o lord_n chamberlain_n and_o all_o other_o lord_n of_o the_o king_n most_o honourable_a house_n the_o chancellor_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n the_o king_n justice_n of_o either_o bench_n the_o chancellor_n chamberlain_n under_o treasurer_n and_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o king_n exchequer_n or_o seven_o of_o they_o at_o the_o least_o whereof_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n lord_n treasurer_n the_o lord_n precedent_n of_o the_o king_n council_n or_o the_o lord_n privy_a seal_n to_o be_v one_o shall_v have_v power_n and_o authority_n from_o time_n to_o time_n as_o the_o cause_n shall_v require_v to_o set_v and_o tax_v reasonable_a price_n of_o all_o such_o kind_n of_o victual_n how_o they_o shall_v be_v sell_v in_o gross_a or_o by_o retail_n and_o that_o after_o such_o price_n set_v and_o tax_v proclamation_n shall_v be_v make_v in_o the_o king_n name_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o the_o say_a price_n in_o such_o part_n of_o this_o realm_n as_o shall_v be_v convenient_a for_o the_o same_o be_v not_o of_o opinion_n that_o the_o plenty_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v any_o cause_n of_o the_o enhance_v of_o the_o price_n or_o rate_n of_o victual_n but_o do_v in_o the_o preamble_n of_o that_o act_n declare_v that_o forasmuch_o as_o dearth_n scarcity_n good_a cheap_a and_o plenty_n of_o such_o kind_n of_o victual_n happen_v rise_v and_o chance_v of_o so_o many_o and_o diverse_a occasion_n that_o it_o be_v very_o hard_a and_o difficult_a to_o put_v any_o certain_a price_n to_o any_o such_o thing_n yet_o nevertheless_o the_o price_n of_o such_o victual_n be_v many_o time_n enhance_a and_o raise_v by_o the_o greedy_a covetousness_n and_o appetite_n of_o the_o owner_n of_o such_o victual_n by_o occasion_n of_o engross_a and_o regrate_v the_o same_o more_o than_o upon_o any_o reasonable_a or_o just_a ground_n or_o cause_n to_o the_o great_a damage_n and_o impoversh_v of_o the_o king_n subject_n siâ—_n thomas_n chamberlain_n qui_fw-la mores_fw-la hominum_fw-la multorum_fw-la vidit_fw-la &_o urbes_fw-la who_o by_o his_o several_a embassage_n fâ—om_n england_n into_o foreign_a country_n in_o the_o reign_v of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o and_o king_n edward_z the_o six_o be_v not_o a_o little_a acquaint_v with_o the_o custom_n of_o other_o nation_n aswell_o as_o his_o own_o do_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o six_o chamberlaâ—ne_n in_o a_o treatise_n entitle_v policy_n to_o reduce_v the_o realm_n of_o england_n unto_o a_o prosperous_a wealth_n and_o estate_n dedicate_v unto_o the_o duke_n of_o somerset_n than_o lord_n protector_n assign_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o high_a price_n and_o dearness_n of_o victual_n far_o less_o than_o what_o be_v now_o to_o be_v abase_v of_o coin_n and_o giuâ—ng_v more_o than_o forty_o penny_n for_o the_o ounce_n of_o silver_n engross_a of_o commodity_n the_o high_a price_n of_o wool_n which_o cause_v the_o lord_n and_o gentleman_n be_v by_o the_o suppress_n of_o the_o abbey_n and_o liberality_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o waxen_a rich_a to_o convert_v all_o their_o ground_n into_o sheep_n pasture_n which_o diminish_v victual_n ten_o lordship_n to_o the_o great_a decay_n of_o husbandry_n
shall_v be_v and_o that_o it_o be_v and_o will_v be_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o people_n unless_o the_o oppress_a and_o cheat_v one_o another_o shall_v be_v understand_v to_o be_v for_o their_o good_a that_o the_o king_n and_o his_o subordinate_a magistrate_n shall_v correct_v and_o regulate_v the_o deceit_n and_o excess_n of_o rate_n and_o price_n in_o market_n as_o those_o of_o the_o fishmonger_n of_o london_n be_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o when_o they_o be_v fine_v five_o hundred_o mark_n pro_fw-la illicitis_fw-la negotiis_fw-la &_o forstallamentis_fw-la &_o aliis_fw-la transgressionibus_fw-la in_o officio_fw-la svo_fw-la piscatorum_fw-la 15._o for_o forstallings_n and_o other_o unlawful_a practice_n in_o their_o trade_n or_o as_o king_n e._n 3._o do_v when_o upon_o a_o complaint_n make_v by_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n that_o the_o butcher_n such_o a_o watchful_a eye_n be_v then_o keep_v more_o than_o now_o upon_o the_o deceit_n of_o trade_n do_v stick_v and_o fasten_v the_o fat_a of_o great_a or_o fat_a ox_n upon_o the_o flesh_n of_o the_o lean_a whereby_o to_o promote_v the_o sale_n and_o price_n in_o deceptionem_fw-la populi_fw-la 28._o to_o the_o damage_n and_o deceit_n of_o the_o people_n he_o command_v the_o mayor_n to_o provide_v a_o remedy_n or_o as_o a_o assize_n of_o bread_n and_o good_a and_o needful_a ordinance_n for_o baker_n brewer_n inholder_n vintner_n and_o butcher_n be_v set_v and_o make_v there_o be_v a_o old_a assize_n book_n make_v and_o ordain_v in_o anno_fw-la 12_o h._n 7._o by_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o privy_a council_n to_o queen_n elizabeth_n viz._n john_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n sir_n christopher_z hatton_n william_n lord_n burghley_n henry_n earl_n of_o derby_n charles_n lord_n howard_n henry_n lord_n hunsdon_n thomas_n lord_n buckhurst_n sir_n francis_n knowles_n sir_n thomas_n heneage_n sir_n john_n fortcâ—cue_n and_o sir_n john_n wolley_n or_o the_o decree_n if_o have_v be_v observe_v which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o star_n chamber_n the_o thirteen_o day_n of_o november_n anno_fw-la 11._o of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o martyr_n after_o consultation_n have_v with_o diverse_a justice_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o the_o certificate_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n viz._n sir_n thomas_n richardson_n knight_n sir_n robert_z heath_n knight_n sir_n humphrey_n davenport_n knight_n sir_n john_n denham_n kt_n sir_n richard_n hutton_n knight_n sir_n william_n jones_n knight_n sir_n george_n croke_n knight_n sir_n thomas_n trevor_n knight_n sir_n george_z vernon_z knight_n sir_n robert_n barkley_n knight_n and_o sir_n francis_n crawley_n knight_n and_o confirm_v by_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n the_o 14._o day_n of_o december_n than_o next_o follow_v that_o no_o innkeeper_n or_o ostler_n within_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o westminster_n or_o ten_o mile_n distant_a who_o have_v since_o make_v such_o excessive_a rate_n as_o have_v affright_v many_o of_o their_o customer_n away_o who_o find_v it_o less_o chargeable_a to_o come_v to_o london_n in_o passage_n coach_n or_o send_v their_o horse_n back_o into_o the_o country_n to_o find_v out_o more_o honest_a innkeeper_n shall_v take_v above_o six_o penny_n for_o hay_n for_o a_o horse_n stand_v night_n or_o day_n nor_o more_o than_o six_o penny_n for_o a_o peck_n of_o oat_n of_o the_o measure_n call_v winchester_n measure_n no_o tavernor_n or_o victualler_n sell_v wine_n by_o retail_n shall_v sell_v or_o make_v ready_a for_o sale_n any_o sort_n of_o flesh_n fish_n or_o other_o victual_n save_o bread_n nor_o procure_v to_o be_v set_v up_o the_o trade_n of_o a_o cook_n within_o the_o same_o house_n or_o in_o any_o shop_n or_o room_n thereunto_o belong_v or_o in_o any_o house_n near_o adjacent_a nor_o permit_v or_o suffer_v any_o flesh_n fish_n or_o other_o victual_n except_o bread_n to_o be_v bring_v into_o the_o house_n to_o be_v there_o eat_v by_o any_o of_o his_o guest_n and_o do_v likewise_o upon_o hear_v of_o divers_a innkeeper_n who_o can_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o the_o rate_v before_o specify_v be_v competent_a further_o ordain_v that_o where_o grain_n and_o hey_n shall_v at_o a_o further_a distance_n from_o london_n be_v sell_v at_o lesser_a price_n there_o the_o rate_n &_o price_n shall_v be_v according_o and_o that_o that_o ordinance_n shall_v continue_v in_o the_o county_n of_o middlesex_n until_o it_o shall_v be_v make_v to_o appear_v to_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o in_o other_o county_n and_o place_n to_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n that_o because_o of_o the_o increase_n of_o price_n in_o the_o part_n adjoin_v great_a rate_n shall_v be_v necessary_a to_o be_v permit_v and_o that_o thereupon_o other_o rate_n shall_v from_o time_n to_o time_n be_v set_v and_o be_v set_v be_v command_v and_o enâ—oynâ—d_v to_o be_v strict_o and_o due_o observe_v until_o by_o the_o like_a authority_n they_o shall_v be_v alter_v and_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o if_o the_o king_n and_o his_o royal_a progenitor_n if_o they_o can_v ex_fw-la praevisione_n by_o some_o foresight_n of_o thing_n to_o come_v of_o which_o supernatural_a eminency_n there_o be_v a_o non_fw-la datur_fw-la or_o denial_n even_o to_o king_n and_o prince_n have_v understand_v that_o their_o ancient_a and_o lawful_a right_n of_o pourveyance_n and_o praeemption_a will_v in_o return_n of_o all_o their_o benefit_n daily_a and_o yearly_o heap_v upon_o their_o subject_n have_v be_v ever_o think_v to_o have_v be_v a_o grievance_n or_o oppression_n or_o endeavour_v to_o be_v withhold_v from_o they_o they_o may_v have_v save_v as_o much_o and_o more_o as_o that_o will_v have_v come_v unto_o by_o reserve_v upon_o all_o their_o bounty_n and_o grant_v or_o lease_n of_o their_o manner_n or_o land_n their_o pourveyance_n or_o household_n provision_n or_o when_o they_o give_v land_n of_o inheritance_n render_v small_a or_o disproportionate_a rent_n or_o fee_n farm_n to_o the_o great_a yearly_a value_n which_o they_o now_o appear_v to_o be_v may_v have_v add_v so_o much_o of_o pourveyance_n or_o provision_n as_o may_v have_v take_v away_o that_o causeless_a murmur_n against_o the_o pourveyance_n which_o our_o old_a saxon_a king_n aethelstane_n who_o reign_v here_o in_o anno_fw-la dom._n 938._o understand_v to_o be_v so_o necessary_a for_o his_o housekeeping_n as_o when_o he_o have_v subdue_v the_o welâ—h_a prince_n &_o make_v they_o his_o tributary_n he_o cause_v they_o to_o covenant_n with_o he_o at_o hereford_n not_o only_o to_o pay_v he_o yearly_a twenty_o pound_n weight_n of_o gold_n and_o three_o hundred_o of_o silver_n but_o five_o hundred_o head_n of_o cattle_n with_o hawk_n and_o hound_n to_o a_o certain_a number_n towards_o which_o payment_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o howel_n dâ—a_n say_v our_o industrious_a speed_n wâ—lleâ—se_n the_o king_n of_o aberfraw_n be_v charge_v at_o sixty_o six_o pound_n a_o early_a composition_n rate_n for_o pourveyance_n the_o prince_n dinemore_n and_o the_o prince_n of_o powy_n be_v to_o pay_v the_o like_a sum_n of_o money_n and_o that_o now_o to_o deny_v it_o unto_o the_o crown_n be_v a_o great_a injustice_n and_o injury_n then_o to_o have_v deny_v it_o to_o queen_n elizabeth_n king_n james_z or_o his_o son_n king_n charles_n the_o martyr_n or_o in_o some_o hundred_o year_n before_o for_o that_o than_o our_o king_n and_o prince_n may_v have_v preserve_v themselves_o and_o their_o successor_n from_o the_o rapine_n and_o unconscionable_a rate_n and_o price_n of_o household_n provision_n which_o some_o of_o his_o subject_n may_v have_v forbear_v to_o impose_v upon_o their_o king_n though_o they_o do_v it_o upon_o other_o that_o if_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o a_o law_n or_o act_n of_o parliament_n have_v be_v make_v that_o for_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o year_n after_o to_o the_o end_n to_o make_v a_o treasury_n or_o provision_n of_o money_n which_o commonwealth_n and_o many_o kingdom_n be_v not_o without_o for_o the_o protection_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o people_n against_o invasion_n or_o emergent_a evil_n the_o price_n take_v in_o the_o market_n more_o than_o former_o over_o and_o above_o the_o genuine_a and_o real_a worth_n of_o the_o commodity_n shall_v be_v collect_v and_o lay_v up_o for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o public_a or_o that_o all_o that_o take_v land_n to_o farm_n shall_v pay_v ten_o time_n the_o former_a yearly_a value_n and_o all_o thing_n buy_v in_o the_o market_n shall_v like_o the_o king_n of_o france_n his_o salt_n be_v for_o some_o thing_n at_o three_o or_o four_o time_n or_o for_o other_o at_o ten_o fifteen_o or_o 20._o time_n beyond_o the_o true_a value_n it_o will_v not_o be_v imaginable_a how_o near_o the_o people_n murmur_v will_v have_v arrive_v to_o that_o of_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n in_o the_o desert_n when_o they_o
warwickshire_n belong_v to_o some_o religious_a house_n where_o they_o be_v to_o mow_v three_o day_n at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o house_n three_o day_n to_o blow_n and_o at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o house_n to_o reap_v one_o day_n 528._o and_o to_o have_v a_o weather_n sheep_n or_o eight_o penny_n or_o twenty_o five_o loaf_n or_o piece_n of_o bread_n one_o of_o the_o best_a cheese_n in_o the_o house_n and_o a_o measure_n of_o salt_n and_o if_o any_o horse_n colt_n be_v fole_v upon_o the_o land_n he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v sell_v without_o licence_n nor_o be_v any_o of_o the_o tenant_n to_o marry_v a_o daughter_n without_o licence_n and_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o township_n of_o berstanestone_n in_o warwickshire_n horse_n colt_n fole_v upon_o the_o land_n be_v not_o to_o be_v sell_v without_o licence_n for_o which_o a_o penny_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v nor_o any_o of_o their_o daughter_n to_o be_v marry_v without_o licence_n etc._n etc._n which_o in_o divers_a old_a charter_n and_o confirmation_n of_o our_o king_n and_o prince_n do_v frequent_o occur_v may_v evidence_n that_o such_o or_o the_o like_a be_v once_o undeniable_a duty_n to_o their_o king_n and_o benefactor_n and_o only_o release_v in_o favour_n of_o those_o which_o be_v the_o owner_n and_o proprietor_n of_o the_o land_n and_o privilege_n and_o be_v now_o enjoy_v be_v former_o regality_n and_o right_n inherent_a and_o vest_v in_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n shall_v retain_v no_o liberty_n or_o privilege_n for_o himself_o and_o that_o the_o quit_v rent_n as_o they_o be_v now_o call_v &_o take_v by_o the_o owner_n and_o proprietor_n of_o some_o of_o the_o abbey_n and_o religious_a land_n for_o eleemosinae_n 264._o or_o alms-money_n give_v by_o founder_n or_o other_o charitable_a person_n &_o many_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n former_o pay_v for_o mortuary_n pardon_n indulgence_n pitance_n or_o pourveyance_n and_o oblation_n which_o be_v at_o this_o time_n keep_v on_o foot_n and_o receive_v under_o the_o name_n and_o notion_n of_o quit_n rent_n may_v put_v they_o in_o mind_n how_o necessary_a it_o be_v for_o they_o to_o perform_v the_o duty_n of_o pourveyance_n to_o the_o king_n be_v the_o heir_n and_o successor_n of_o many_o of_o those_o which_o give_v they_o and_o how_o unbecoming_a the_o duty_n of_o subject_n partake_v the_o benefit_n thereof_o it_o will_v be_v that_o the_o king_n who_o royal_a ancestor_n saint_n edward_n the_o king_n give_v for_o ever_o to_o the_o abbey_n of_o st._n edmond_n bury_v the_o manor_n of_o mildenhall_n in_o suffolk_n to_o buy_v wheaten_a bread_n for_o the_o monk_n to_o prevent_v their_o necessity_n of_o eat_a barley_n bread_n 297._o which_o he_o perceive_v they_o to_o do_v when_o he_o come_v once_o to_o visit_v they_o king_n john_n give_v for_o ever_o to_o the_o abbey_n of_o st._n alban_n and_o king_n edward_z the_o first_o as_o many_o other_o king_n of_o england_n have_v do_v to_o other_o monastery_n and_o religious_a house_n give_v and_o confirm_v for_o ever_o to_o the_o abbey_n of_o st._n edmund_n bury_v divers_a manor_n land_n tyth_n and_o yearly_a revenue_n of_o a_o very_a great_a yearly_a revenue_n to_o maintain_v their_o hospitality_n pitance_n and_o liuâ—â—es_n of_o servant_n and_o for_o the_o relief_n of_o stranger_n and_o poor_a people_n come_v thither_o shall_v now_o have_v his_o own_o hospitality_n and_o the_o mean_n to_o support_v it_o take_v from_o he_o and_o that_o if_o all_o the_o custom_n privilege_n and_o royalty_n as_o they_o be_v call_v which_o be_v now_o perform_v and_o willing_o assent_v unto_o by_o tenant_n and_o enjoy_v by_o the_o lord_n of_o other_o manor_n by_o the_o power_n and_o privilege_n derive_v unto_o they_o from_o the_o king_n &_o his_o royal_a progenitor_n be_v true_o represent_v and_o bring_v to_o a_o public_a view_n together_o with_o all_o the_o privilege_n liberty_n exemption_n and_o immunity_n grant_v unto_o the_o city_n borough_n and_o town_n corporate_a of_o england_n it_o may_v be_v wonder_v how_o they_o that_o enjoy_v so_o much_o &_o so_o many_o liberty_n &_o favour_n from_o the_o king_n &_o his_o royal_a progenitor_n by_o grant_n or_o prescribe_a indulgence_n shall_v think_v there_o can_v be_v any_o reason_n to_o deny_v he_o those_o his_o most_o just_a necessary_a and_o ancient_a right_n and_o liberty_n of_o pourveyance_n or_o composition_n for_o they_o when_o at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o be_v so_o careful_a to_o preserve_v and_o keep_v their_o own_o and_o it_o will_v be_v something_o more_o than_o unfitting_a that_o the_o king_n who_o royal_a ancestor_n have_v allow_v so_o many_o of_o his_o subject_n those_o privilege_n and_o liberty_n shall_v be_v debar_v from_o a_o great_a right_a and_o legal_a liberty_n in_o his_o own_o case_n or_o when_o he_o shall_v make_v his_o progress_n to_o chester_n shall_v be_v refuse_v that_o privilege_n more_o ancient_a than_o the_o conquest_n of_o have_v of_o every_o yard_n land_n two_o hundred_o capon_n or_o caponet_n a_o fat_a or_o stand_v of_o beer_n and_o a_o certain_a quantity_n of_o butter_n cestre_fw-fr which_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o book_n of_o domesday_n be_v by_o custom_n or_o tenure_n to_o be_v provide_v for_o he_o and_o not_o enjoy_v as_o much_o liberty_n as_o hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n do_v when_o he_o can_v privilege_v nigell_n de_fw-mi haulton_fw-mi his_o constable_n and_o his_o heir_n quod_fw-la omne_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la praedicti_fw-la nigelli_n opus_fw-la erant_fw-la necessaria_fw-la emant_fw-la ministri_fw-la svi_fw-la ante_fw-la omnes_fw-la alios_fw-la in_o civitate_fw-la cestriae_fw-la nisi_fw-la praenominati_fw-la comitis_fw-la ministri_fw-la praevenerint_fw-la sine_fw-la cujuscunque_fw-la contradictione_n that_o his_o servant_n shall_v in_o the_o city_n of_o chester_n without_o contradiction_n have_v a_o praeemption_a before_o any_o but_o the_o earl_n servant_n and_o officer_n or_o as_o the_o abbot_n of_o burgh_n who_o have_v a_o pâ—aeâ—emption_n in_o all_o necessary_n concern_v the_o abbey_n &_o a_o privilege_n to_o pay_v a_o half_a penny_n cheap_a than_o other_o in_o every_o hundred_o of_o herring_n or_o the_o abbot_n of_o st._n alban_n who_o be_v by_o the_o charter_n of_o king_n john_n to_o have_v a_o praeemption_a for_o any_o of_o his_o provision_n to_o be_v buy_v in_o london_n anglic._n as_o well_o as_o any_o of_o the_o king_n officer_n the_o abbot_n of_o st._n edmond_n bury_n have_v a_o like_a privilege_n for_o his_o fodder_n corn._n that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n who_o royal_a ancestor_n king_n aethelstane_n be_v able_a to_o give_v to_o the_o church_n of_o beverlye_n quasdam_fw-la avenas_fw-la vulgariter_fw-la dictas_fw-la hestcorn_n percipiendas_fw-la de_fw-la dominiis_fw-la &_o ecclesiis_fw-la in_o illis_fw-la partibus_fw-la certain_a oat_n common_o call_v hestcorne_n to_o be_v take_v out_o of_o his_o demesne_n and_o the_o church_n in_o those_o part_n which_o by_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o religious_a house_n be_v now_o probable_o claim_v and_o enjoy_v by_o layman_n and_o do_v in_o anno_fw-la dom._n 936._o ex_fw-la sua_fw-la regalitate_fw-la by_o his_o kingly_a authority_n say_v the_o history_n of_o that_o foundation_n give_v towards_o the_o hospitality_n and_o relief_n of_o the_o poor_a come_n to_o the_o hospital_n of_o st._n peter_n or_o st._n leonard_n in_o york_n the_o qual_a bet_n caruca_n arante_fw-la in_o episcopatu_fw-la eboraci_fw-la unam_fw-la travam_fw-la bladi_fw-la out_o of_o every_o yard_n land_n of_o errable_a in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o york_n one_o thrave_a which_o be_v four_o and_o twenty_o sheaf_n of_o corn_n et_fw-la ex_fw-la consensu_fw-la incolarum_fw-la episcopatus_fw-la eboraci_fw-la rex_fw-la habuit_fw-la say_v that_o historian_n travas_n praedictas_fw-la sibi_fw-la &_o successoribus_fw-la suis_fw-la sic_fw-la quod_fw-la exterminaret_fw-la lupos_fw-la patriam_fw-la devastantes_fw-la and_o be_v afterwards_o grant_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n upon_o condition_n that_o he_o will_v destroy_v the_o wolf_n which_o waste_v that_o country_n 368._o erat_fw-la siquidem_fw-la in_o diocesi_fw-la eboracensi_fw-la tanta_fw-la adtunc_fw-la multitudo_fw-la luporum_fw-la quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la fere_n villanorum_fw-la bestias_fw-la devorarunt_fw-la for_o there_o be_v in_o that_o diocese_n such_o a_o multitude_n of_o wolf_n which_o king_n aethelstane_n thereupon_o destroy_v as_o they_o almost_o devour_v all_o the_o beast_n and_o cattle_n belong_v to_o the_o countryman_n shall_v now_o that_o the_o county_n and_o bishopric_n of_o york_n have_v in_o all_o the_o after_o age_n and_o succession_n of_o our_o king_n not_o only_o receive_v of_o they_o many_o and_o great_a benefit_n but_o have_v be_v by_o their_o many_o good_a law_n and_o government_n protect_v and_o defend_v from_o all_o manner_n of_o wolf_n be_v deny_v so_o small_a a_o observance_n or_o retribution_n as_o the_o pourveyance_n or_o composition_n for_o they_o which_o be_v charge_v upon_o that_o county_n or_o bishopric_n do_v amount_v unto_o and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n do_v either_o not_o
exemption_n by_o a_o assessment_n to_o be_v make_v for_o that_o purpose_n or_o by_o the_o west_n indian_n in_o guaxara_n who_o by_o order_n of_o the_o high_a justice_n do_v deliver_v unto_o friar_n travail_v that_o way_n if_o they_o have_v no_o money_n horse_n to_o ride_v on_o indies_n or_o to_o carry_v their_o carriage_n or_o provision_n without_o money_n so_o that_o at_o their_o departure_n they_o write_v it_o down_o in_o the_o town_n book_n what_o they_o have_v spend_v and_o not_o abide_v above_o four_o and_o twenty_o hour_n in_o the_o town_n where_o by_o a_o contribution_n their_o expense_n be_v defray_v or_o by_o the_o old_a irish_a one_o of_o which_o be_v a_o tenant_n of_o termonland_n or_o land_n belong_v to_o the_o church_n and_o unwilling_a to_o change_v his_o old_a custom_n for_o new_a say_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o dermot_n of_o who_o he_o hold_v his_o land_n non_fw-la debet_fw-la dominus_fw-la mutare_fw-la censum_fw-la antiquum_fw-la sed_fw-la si_fw-la careat_fw-la rebus_fw-la necessariis_fw-la vaccis_fw-la pinguibus_fw-la herenachii_fw-la etc._n etc._n debet_fw-la ad_fw-la nos_fw-la miâ—tere_fw-la et_fw-la nos_fw-la debemus_fw-la subministrare_fw-la nam_fw-la quaecunque_fw-la nos_fw-la habemus_fw-la domini_fw-la sunt_fw-la &_o nos_fw-la etiam_fw-la ipsi_fw-la illius_fw-la sumus_fw-la my_o lord_n ought_v not_o to_o change_v his_o ancient_a custom_n rent_n or_o service_n due_a out_o of_o the_o land_n but_o if_o he_o want_v necessary_a provision_n for_o his_o house_n and_o family_n as_o fat_a cow_n etc._n etc._n we_o ought_v to_o furnish_v they_o for_o whatsoever_o we_o have_v be_v his_o and_o we_o ourselves_o be_v the_o lord_n or_o by_o the_o modern_a irish_a or_o inhabitant_n of_o ireland_n who_o notwithstanding_o the_o pourveyance_n or_o composition_n for_o pourveyance_n and_o praeemption_a allow_v to_o the_o king_n lord_n lieutenant_n of_o that_o kingdom_n can_v since_o the_o abolition_n of_o that_o most_o useful_a &_o necessary_a custom_n in_o england_n offer_v if_o fame_n do_v not_o mistake_v herself_o a_o yearly_a supply_n of_o 3000._o irish_a ox_n or_o cattle_n towards_o the_o support_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o family_n and_o have_v beside_o in_o their_o act_n of_o parliament_n late_o make_v for_o the_o execution_n of_o his_o majesty_n declaration_n for_o the_o setlement_n of_o that_o kingdom_n consent_v that_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o his_o majesty_n court_n of_o king_n bench_n the_o lord_n chief_a baron_n of_o his_o majesty_n court_n of_o exchequer_n declaration_n and_o the_o master_n of_o the_o roll_n or_o any_o other_o his_o majesty_n officer_n of_o that_o kingdom_n for_o the_o time_n be_v shall_v and_o may_v have_v and_o receive_v such_o port_n corn_n of_o the_o rectory_n impropriation_n or_o appropriate_a tithe_n forfeit_v unto_o or_o vest_v in_o his_o majesty_n his_o heir_n â—nd_v successor_n which_o have_v be_v former_o pay_v or_o reserve_v or_o by_o the_o scot_n a_o people_n never_o as_o yet_o exceed_v or_o so_o much_o as_o keep_v even_o pace_n with_o their_o neighbour_n of_o england_n in_o civility_n kindness_n and_o gratitude_n who_o when_o their_o king_n malcolm_n who_o reign_v in_o scotland_n in_o anno_fw-la dom._n 1004._o have_v give_v and_o distribute_v all_o the_o land_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o scotland_n among_o his_o man_n majestas_fw-la and_o reserve_v na_z thing_n as_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n of_o 22_o jac._n 3._o bear_v in_o property_n to_o himself_o but_o the_o royal_a dignity_n and_o the_o mute_a hill_n in_o the_o town_n of_o scone_n can_v give_v and_o grant_v to_o he_o the_o ward_n and_o relief_n of_o the_o heir_n of_o ilk_fw-mi baron_n quhan_o he_o sell_v happen_v to_o deceis_n for_o the_o king_n sustentation_n and_o do_v notwithstanding_o so_o well_o esteem_v and_o allow_v of_o those_o ancient_a right_n of_o pourveyance_n or_o composition_n for_o they_o as_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o their_o king_n james_n the_o 4._o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1489._o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o uther_n his_o liege_n do_v declare_v in_o parliament_n that_o it_o be_v the_o king_n property_n for_o the_o honourable_a sustentation_n of_o his_o house_n according_a to_o his_o estait_n and_o honour_n four_o quhilk_fw-mi may_v not_o be_v failize_v without_o great_a derogation_n of_o his_o noble_a estaite_n and_o that_o his_o true_a have_v suld_v above_o all_o singular_a and_o particular_a profit_n desire_n to_o prefer_v the_o noble_a estaite_n of_o his_o excellence_n like_a as_o it_o be_v do_v in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o may_v noble_a progenitor_n of_o good_a mind_n and_o do_v therefore_o think_v it_o neidful_a expedient_a and_o reasonable_a and_o do_v statute_n and_o ordain_v that_o full_a derogation_n cassation_n and_o annullation_n be_v maid_n of_o all_o gift_n donation_n infeftment_n fewe_n life_n rent_n give_v by_o his_o highness_n to_o quhat_o sumever_o person_n or_o person_n sen_fw-mi the_o day_n of_o his_o coronation_n swa_o that_o all_o land_n rent_n custom_n burrow_n mailles_n fermeâ—_n martes_fw-la mutton_n poultry_n avarage_v carriage_n and_o uth_a duty_n that_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o progenitor_n and_o father_n the_o day_n of_o his_o decease_n notwithstanding_o quhat_o sumever_o assignation_n or_o gift_n be_v maid_n thereupon_o under_o the_o great_a seal_n privy_a seal_n or_o uther_n be_v all_o utter_o cass_v and_o annul_v so_o that_o the_o hail_o profit_n and_o rent_n thereof_o may_v come_v to_o the_o king_n to_o the_o honourable_a sustentation_n of_o his_o house_n and_o noble_a estaite_n or_o so_o much_o degenerate_a from_o the_o briton_n our_o ancestor_n and_o predecessor_n who_o be_v heretofore_o so_o glad_a of_o any_o occasion_n to_o express_v their_o love_n and_o honour_n of_o their_o prince_n as_o when_o they_o make_v their_o progress_n or_o have_v any_o occasion_n to_o visit_v any_o of_o their_o house_n they_o fling_v the_o door_n off_o the_o hinge_n and_o give_v they_o open_a heart_a and_o free_a entertainment_n nor_o deny_v those_o respect_n and_o duty_n to_o our_o king_n which_o no_o other_o nation_n do_v refuse_v to_o their_o king_n or_o prince_n which_o may_v make_v we_o to_o be_v a_o hiss_a and_o reproach_n to_o other_o nation_n and_o by_o use_v our_o head_n so_o ill_a to_o be_v esteem_v as_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d people_n without_o a_o head_n or_o the_o sciopede_v who_o be_v report_v to_o have_v such_o large_a foot_n as_o they_o can_v when_o they_o please_v cover_v their_o head_n with_o it_o and_o never_o let_v it_o be_v say_v that_o when_o a_o factious_a and_o rebellious_a part_n of_o our_o people_n can_v in_o the_o year_n 1656._o suppose_v it_o to_o be_v their_o interest_n to_o exchange_v with_o cromwell_n their_o antichrist_n or_o mahomet_n their_o religion_n law_n and_o liberty_n for_o his_o tyrannical_a and_o arbitrary_a will_n and_o pleasure_n and_o petition_v he_o in_o their_o conventicle_n or_o pretend_a assembly_n of_o parliament_n that_o he_o will_v beside_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o king_n queen_n and_o prince_n revenue_n not_o dispose_v of_o except_o forest_n and_o chase_n and_o the_o manor_n thereunto_o belong_v and_o of_o all_o the_o land_n of_o delinquent_n in_o the_o county_n of_o dublin_n kildare_n clare_n and_o katerlaugh_n the_o forfeit_a land_n in_o scotland_n which_o be_v great_a and_o considerable_a two_o part_n of_o the_o recusants_n land_n in_o england_n not_o compound_v for_o and_o all_o debt_n fine_n penalty_n issue_n and_o casual_a profit_n belong_v to_o the_o keeper_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o england_n so_o miscall_v which_o be_v by_o they_o and_o their_o fellow_n usurper_n settle_v upon_o he_o and_o be_v of_o itself_o a_o revenue_n too_o great_a for_o all_o the_o brewer_n of_o england_n to_o accept_v of_o ten_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n sterling_a per_fw-la annum_fw-la to_o be_v leavy_v upon_o the_o people_n with_o such_o other_o supply_v as_o shall_v be_v needful_a to_o be_v raise_v from_o time_n to_o time_n by_o consent_n of_o that_o which_o they_o nick_n name_v a_o parliament_n and_o three_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la to_o be_v raise_v for_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n and_o support_v of_o government_n which_o he_o think_v not_o enough_o to_o serve_v his_o wicked_a occasion_n design_n or_o desire_n to_o â—lay_v or_o keep_v in_o exile_n the_o heir_n of_o the_o kingdom_n 1657._o tell_v his_o dutiful_a parliament_n at_o a_o conference_n in_o april_n 1657._o that_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o government_n will_v yearly_o amount_v unto_o ninteen_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n sterling_a and_o therefore_o though_o the_o war_n with_o spain_n shall_v cease_v desire_v that_o the_o thirteen_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la may_v have_v six_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la more_fw-mi add_v thereunto_o and_o that_o that_o can_v be_v willing_o assent_v unto_o and_o all_o the_o loyal_a party_n enforce_v and_o drive_v to_o submit_v
aurum_fw-la reginae_fw-la gold_n or_o present_v make_v and_o give_v to_o the_o queen_n in_o return_n of_o their_o gift_n and_o favour_n receive_v from_o the_o king_n great_a liberty_n and_o privilege_n by_o grant_n of_o free_a warren_n mine_n felon_n and_o outlaw_n good_n deodand_n waiss_n estray_v fishing_n court_n leet_n toll_n and_o freedom_n from_o toll_n to_o many_o city_n and_o people_n of_o england_n grant_v since_o the_o nine_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o when_o for_o the_o like_a and_o some_o other_o liberty_n then_o confirm_v unto_o they_o the_o people_n of_o england_n not_o have_v half_a so_o much_o before_o that_o time_n grant_v unto_o they_o as_o by_o the_o bounty_n and_o indulgence_n of_o the_o succeed_a king_n and_o prince_n they_o have_v have_v since_o take_v it_o to_o be_v no_o ill_a bargain_n to_o give_v unto_o the_o king_n for_o that_o his_o grace_n and_o favour_v a_o subsidy_n of_o the_o fifteen_o part_n of_o all_o their_o moveable_n not_o loose_o rate_v or_o much_o undervalue_v as_o their_o posterity_n have_v find_v the_o way_n to_o do_v abundance_n of_o wood_n and_o timber_n sell_v and_o destroy_v by_o their_o prodigal_a posterity_n which_o yield_v they_o as_o much_o money_n as_o the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o land_n will_v have_v do_v some_o of_o their_o wife_n like_o the_o story_n of_o garagantuas_n lusty_a mare_n whisk_v down_o with_o their_o tail_n whole_a wood_n and_o great_a store_n of_o timber_n in_o they_o of_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o year_n growth_n a_o lesser_a number_n of_o servant_n and_o retainer_n and_o charge_n of_o badge_n and_o livery_n especial_o since_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o r._n 2._o ca._n 7._o and_o 8_o e._n 4._o ca._n 2._o make_v against_o too_o great_a a_o number_n or_o the_o abuse_n of_o they_o when_o as_o now_o many_o gentleman_n can_v put_v a_o coachman_n &_o carter_n into_o one_o and_o supply_v the_o place_n of_o a_o servingman_n butler_n and_o tailor_n by_o one_o man_n fit_v for_o all_o those_o employment_n a_o great_a increase_n of_o wool_n and_o the_o price_n thereof_o since_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o by_o our_o quondam_a flourish_a trade_n of_o clothe_v until_o that_o our_o late_a giddy_a time_n of_o rebellion_n have_v so_o very_a much_o lessen_v and_o impair_v it_o many_o great_a factory_n or_o manufacture_n of_o bay_n say_v serge_n and_o kersey_n at_o and_o about_o colchester_n sudbury_n etc._n etc._n and_o of_o stuff_n at_o norwich_n canterbury_n sandwich_n kiderminster_n etc._n etc._n erect_v and_o encourage_v before_o our_o long_a and_o late_o unhappy_a war_n and_o the_o reign_n and_o rapine_n of_o mechanic_n reformer_n the_o land_n of_o wales_n great_o improve_v since_o the_o reign_n or_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o and_o his_o severe_a law_n which_o deny_v they_o the_o intercourse_n commerce_n and_o privilege_n of_o england_n the_o free_n of_o some_o of_o the_o northern_a county_n as_o cumberland_n westmoreland_n and_o northumberland_n from_o the_o trouble_n charge_n and_o damage_n of_o maintain_v their_o border_n against_o the_o scotish_n former_o and_o frequent_a outrage_n invasion_n and_o take_v away_o their_o good_n and_o cattle_n by_o day_n and_o by_o night_n and_o the_o like_a freedom_n from_o the_o incursion_n and_o depraedation_n of_o the_o welsh_a assure_v and_o settle_v upon_o the_o four_o shire_n or_o county_n of_o gloucester_n worcester_z hereford_n and_o shropshire_n by_o the_o guard_n and_o residence_n of_o a_o lord_n precedent_n of_o wales_n and_o the_o march_n thereof_o abundance_n of_o market_n and_o fair_n now_o more_o than_o former_o grant_v so_o as_o few_o or_o no_o part_n of_o england_n and_o wales_n can_v complain_v of_o any_o want_n of_o they_o within_o every_o four_o or_o five_o mile_n distance_n great_a stoâ—e_n of_o welch_n scottish_a and_o irish-cattel_n now_o yearly_o bring_v into_o england_n when_o as_o few_o or_o none_o be_v heretofore_o horse_n ox_n and_o cattle_n now_o by_o law_n permit_v to_o be_v transport_v into_o the_o part_n beyond_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v former_o deny_v a_o great_a profit_n make_v to_o many_o private_a lord_n of_o manor_n by_o lead_n and_o other_o mine_n etc._n etc._n more_o than_o heretofore_o many_o fruit_n tree_n bear_v apple_n pear_n etc._n etc._n yearly_o plant_v and_o great_a quantity_n of_o cider_n and_o perry_n make_v more_o than_o former_o many_o river_n make_v navigable_a and_o havens_n repair_v the_o loss_n of_o cattle_n and_o great_a damage_n by_o inundation_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o the_o creek_n thereof_o or_o of_o some_o boisterous_a and_o unâ—uly_a river_n prevent_v by_o contribution_n to_o the_o make_n of_o sea_n wall_n by_o several_a statute_n or_o commission_n for_o sewer_n none_o or_o very_o little_a trouble_n or_o charge_n before_o ouâ—_n late_a war_n for_o maintain_v of_o garrison_n etc._n etc._n or_o by_o the_o disorder_n or_o rapine_n of_o any_o of_o they_o our_o ship_n better_a than_o in_o former_a time_n secure_v upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n by_o light_a house_n etc._n etc._n some_o of_o our_o principal_a native_a commodity_n as_o fâ—llers_n earth_n leather_n hides_n etc._n etc._n and_o corn_n when_o it_o be_v not_o cheap_a prohibit_v to_o be_v export_v divers_a statute_n restrain_v alien_n not_o be_v denizend_a to_o trade_n or_o keep_v shop_n etc._n etc._n convenient_a provision_n make_v for_o vicar_n in_o case_n of_o church_n appropriate_a the_o good_n of_o foreigner_n to_o be_v tax_v for_o the_o payment_n of_o fifteen_o the_o breed_n of_o large_a horse_n and_o increase_n of_o husbandry_n command_v divers_a statute_n make_v for_o the_o encouragement_n of_o merchant_n merchandise_n and_o mariner_n preservation_n of_o fish_v fuel_n cattle_n and_o river_n and_o against_o freequarter_n of_o soldier_n excessive_a toll_n forestaller_n regrator_n engrosser_n and_o monopoly_n riot_n rout_n and_o vagabond_n rogue_n and_o to_o relieve_v the_o poor_a all_o commote_n or_o unlawful_a gather_n of_o money_n in_o wales_n and_o the_o march_n thereof_o take_v away_o weight_n and_o measure_n regulate_v depopulation_n prohibit_v many_o a_o unjust_a title_n in_o conceal_a land_n make_v good_a by_o sixty_o year_n quiet_a possession_n interest_n for_o money_n lend_v reduce_v to_o a_o low_a rate_n then_o former_o and_o brokage_n forbid_v no_o tillage_n or_o errable_a land_n to_o be_v lay_v down_o but_o as_o much_o to_o be_v break_v up_o merchant_n stranger_n permit_v to_o trade_n and_o sell_v their_o merchandise_n in_o england_n and_o buy_v and_o sell_v thing_n vendible_a and_o a_o great_a improvement_n of_o trade_n and_o merchandise_n six_o or_o seven_o time_n exceed_v that_o which_o be_v in_o or_o before_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n fishgarthes_n in_o the_o river_n of_o ouse_n and_o humber_n order_v to_o be_v pull_v down_o the_o passage_n upon_o the_o river_n of_o severne_n free_v from_o tolles_n impose_v by_o the_o proprietor_n of_o the_o land_n upon_o the_o bank_n the_o bring_n of_o silver_n bullion_n into_o england_n by_o our_o english_a merchant_n encourage_v the_o transportation_n from_o thence_o of_o gold_n and_o silver_n without_o the_o king_n licence_n prohibit_v and_o the_o care_n of_o the_o king_n exchanger_n until_o the_o disuse_n of_o it_o now_o of_o late_o prevent_v all_o abuse_n in_o the_o coin_n or_o money_n of_o the_o kingdom_n merchant_n alien_n and_o merchant_n of_o ireland_n ordain_v to_o employ_v their_o money_n receive_v in_o england_n upon_o the_o commodity_n thereof_o and_o every_o merchant_n alien_n to_o find_v surety_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o carry_v gold_n or_o silver_n out_o of_o this_o realm_n the_o keep_n of_o great_a number_n of_o sheep_n by_o rich_a man_n whereby_o mean_a man_n be_v impoverish_v restrain_v to_o a_o certain_a number_n ordinance_n make_v for_o baker_n brewer_n and_o other_o victualler_n the_o price_n of_o victual_n to_o be_v rate_v and_o assess_v by_o the_o magistrate_n rent_n of_o house_n in_o staple-town_n to_o be_v reasonable_a and_o assessed_a by_o the_o mayor_n great_a quantity_n of_o waste_a ground_n and_o commons_o enclose_v and_o improve_v a_o long_a and_o happy_a peace_n at_o home_n for_o more_o than_o two_o hundred_o year_n many_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v to_o prevent_v or_o remedy_v grievance_n enlarge_v the_o people_n liberty_n and_o make_v they_o the_o most_o free_a and_o happy_a nation_n in_o the_o world_n si_fw-la sua_fw-la bona_fw-la norint_fw-la if_o they_o can_v but_o be_v content_a with_o their_o happiness_n and_o know_v how_o to_o use_v it_o all_o the_o revenue_n and_o estate_n of_o the_o people_n aswell_o real_a as_o personal_a exceed_o and_o by_o many_o degree_n improve_v more_o than_o former_o and_o all_o manner_n of_o victual_n and_o provision_n sell_v at_o such_o excessive_a rate_n and_o price_n as_o will_v busy_v our_o forefather_n with_o no_o common_a or_o ordinary_a wonder_n if_o they_o can_v be_v alive_a again_o