the_o parliament_n of_o england_n to_o do_v this_o homage_n and_o escuage_n be_v first_o invent_v for_o they_o and_o the_o scot_n as_o ployden_n say_v against_o who_o war_n be_v make_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o rebel_n not_o as_o enemy_n for_o that_o they_o be_v subject_a to_o england_n and_o be_v within_o the_o sea_n and_o so_o those_o of_o wales_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n b._n vide_fw-la ploid_v fol._n 129._o b._n though_o they_o be_v not_o parcel_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o hence_o be_v it_o that_o henry_n the_o three_o upon_o the_o often_o revolt_v of_o the_o welsh_a endeavour_v to_o assume_v the_o territory_n of_o wales_n as_o forfeit_v to_o himself_o and_o confer_v the_o same_o upon_o edward_n the_o longshank_n his_o heir-apparent_a who_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o name_n of_o prince_n of_o wales_n yet_o can_v not_o obtain_v the_o possession_n or_o any_o profit_n thereby_o for_o the_o former_a prince_n of_o wales_n continue_v his_o government_n for_o which_o cause_n between_o he_o and_o the_o say_v edward_n war_n do_v rage_n whereof_o the_o say_v edward_n complain_v to_o king_n henry_n his_o father_n 914._o an._n 1257._o fol._n 914._o who_o make_v he_o this_o answer_n as_o matthew_n paris_n recite_v it_o quid_fw-la ad_fw-la i_o tuâ—_n terra_fw-la ex_fw-la dono_fw-la meo_fw-la est_fw-la exerce_fw-la vires_fw-la primitivas_fw-la famam_fw-la excita_fw-la juvenilem_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr caetero_fw-la timeant_fw-la inimici_fw-la etc._n etc._n what_o be_v your_o territory_n to_o i_o it_o be_v of_o my_o gift_n advance_v your_o primitive_a force_n stir_v up_o your_o juvenile_a renown_n and_o as_o for_o the_o residue_n let_v your_o enemy_n fear_v you_o etc._n etc._n which_o according_a to_o his_o father_n heroical_a encouragement_n he_o fortunate_o enterprise_v for_o as_o the_o comedian_n to_o that_o purpose_n ut_fw-la cuique_fw-la filium_fw-la suum_fw-la vult_fw-la esse_fw-la terent._n terent._n ita_fw-la est_fw-la and_o not_o long_o after_o sundry_a battle_n be_v fight_v between_o the_o say_v edward_n both_o before_o and_o after_o he_o be_v king_n of_o england_n with_o leolan_n the_o last_o prince_n of_o the_o welsh_a blood_n and_o david_n his_o brother_n until_o both_o the_o say_a prince_n and_o his_o say_a brother_n be_v overcome_v by_o the_o say_v edward_n after_o he_o be_v king_n of_o england_n who_o thereby_o first_o make_v a_o conquest_n of_o wales_n and_o afterward_o annex_v it_o to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n the_o territory_n of_o wales_n be_v thus_o unite_v the_o say_a king_n edward_n use_v mean_n to_o obtain_v the_o people_n good_a will_n thereby_o to_o strengthen_v that_o which_o he_o have_v get_v by_o effusion_n of_o blood_n with_o the_o good_a will_n and_o affection_n of_o his_o subject_n who_o promise_v their_o most_o hearty_a and_o humble_a obedience_n if_o it_o will_v please_v the_o king_n to_o remain_v among_o they_o himself_o in_o person_n or_o else_o to_o appoint_v over_o they_o a_o governor_n that_o be_v of_o their_o own_o nation_n and_o country_n whereupon_o the_o cunning_a king_n project_v a_o pretty_a policy_n and_o send_v his_o queen_n be_v then_o great_a with_o child_n into_o wales_n where_o she_o be_v deliver_v of_o a_o son_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o carnarvan_n the_o king_n thereupon_o send_v for_o all_o the_o baron_n of_o wales_n and_o remember_v they_o of_o their_o submiss_a assurance_n tender_v according_a to_o their_o former_a proffer_n if_o they_o shall_v have_v a_o governor_n of_o their_o own_o country_n and_o who_o can_v not_o speak_v one_o word_n of_o english_a who_o life_n and_o conversation_n no_o man_n be_v able_a to_o stain_v or_o blemish_n and_o require_v their_o offer_a obedience_n whereunto_o they_o yield_v the_o king_n present_v unto_o they_o his_o say_a son_n bear_v at_o carnarvan_n castle_n who_o thereupon_o the_o baron_n unanimous_o embrace_v for_o their_o prince_n and_o afterward_o make_v their_o homage_n to_o he_o at_o crester_n anno._n 29._o edw._n 1._o as_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o though_o the_o welsh_a nation_n do_v not_o willing_o acknowledge_v the_o aforesaid_a conquest_n but_o refer_v it_o rather_o to_o this_o composition_n yet_o as_o sir_n john_n davis_n say_v edward_n the_o first_o make_v a_o conquest_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o wales_n b._n davys_n vep_v fol._n 41._o b._n as_o it_o be_v express_v in_o his_o charter_n or_o statute_n of_o rutland_n where_o it_o be_v say_v divina_fw-la providentia_fw-la terram_fw-la walliae_fw-la cum_fw-la incolis_fw-la suis_fw-la prius_fw-la nobis_fw-la jure_fw-la feodali_fw-la subjectam_fw-la in_fw-la proprietatis_fw-la nostrae_fw-la dominium_fw-la convertit_fw-la &_o coronae_fw-la regis_fw-la nostri_fw-la annexit_fw-la and_o thereupon_o according_a to_o the_o course_n and_o power_n of_o conqueror_n as_o the_o same_o author_n say_v he_o change_v their_o law_n and_o custom_n as_o it_o be_v also_o express_v in_o the_o say_a charter_n or_o statute_n for_o as_o to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n he_o say_v quasdam_fw-la illarum_fw-la de_fw-la concilio_fw-la procerum_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la delevimus_fw-la quasdam_fw-la correximus_fw-la etiam_fw-la quasdam_fw-la alius_fw-la adjiciendas_fw-la &_o faciend_n as_o decrevimus_fw-la etc._n etc._n some_o of_o they_o by_o the_o council_n of_o the_o peer_n of_o our_o realm_n have_v we_o expunge_v some_o have_v we_o correct_v and_o also_o some_o have_v we_o determine_v to_o be_v make_v and_o add_v and_o as_o another_o say_v divide_v some_o part_n thereof_o into_o shire_n and_o appoint_v law_n for_o the_o government_n of_o that_o people_n yet_o though_o the_o king_n have_v gain_v the_o property_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o it_o de_fw-fr alto_fw-mi &_o basso_n as_o it_o be_v recite_v in_o the_o say_a charter_n have_v submit_v themselves_o to_o his_o will_n yet_o it_o appear_v that_o he_o do_v admit_v all_o those_o who_o will_v be_v rule_v and_o govern_v by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n which_o he_o have_v establish_v among_o they_o by_o the_o say_a charter_n to_o have_v frank_n tenement_n and_o inheritance_n in_o their_o land_n for_o there_o he_o prescribe_v a_o form_n of_o the_o writ_n de_fw-fr assize_n de_fw-fr novel_a disseisin_n de_fw-fr mort_fw-fr dauncaster_n &_o the_o dower_n to_o be_v bring_v of_o land_n in_o wales_n according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n and_o when_o they_o want_v a_o writ_n of_o form_n to_o supply_v the_o present_a case_n they_o use_v the_o writ_n quod_fw-la ei_fw-la deforceat_fw-la 2._o e._n 4.12_o a._n thus_o be_v the_o dominion_n of_o wales_n unite_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n by_o the_o valour_n and_o wisdom_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o and_o the_o principality_n of_o it_o have_v constant_o since_o appertain_v to_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n b._n ployd_v com._n fol._n 126._o b._n as_o ployden_n say_v from_o all_o time_n that_o there_o have_v be_v a_o prince_n of_o wales_n or_o as_o sir_n john_n doderidge_n to_o the_o elder_a son_n or_o the_o next_o succeed_a heir_n for_o henry_n the_o three_o first_o make_v edward_n the_o first_o his_o elder_a son_n prince_n of_o wales_n and_o give_v to_o he_o the_o dominion_n and_o dignity_n of_o it_o and_o also_o edward_n the_o second_o after_o he_o be_v king_n of_o england_n create_v edward_n the_o three_o in_o his_o life_n time_n prince_n of_o wales_n and_o the_o lady_n mary_n elder_a danghter_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o 39_o doderidge_n principality_n of_o wales_n fol._n 39_o and_o afterward_o queen_n of_o england_n do_v carry_v the_o title_n of_o princess_n of_o wales_n et_fw-la sic_fw-la de_fw-fr similibus_fw-la yet_o notwithstanding_o this_o conquest_n by_o edward_n the_o first_o and_o general_a submission_n of_o the_o welsh_a be_v there_o divers_a insurrection_n foment_v by_o they_o against_o the_o former_a establish_a government_n and_o especial_o one_o which_o happen_v in_o his_o reign_n raise_v by_o rice_n up_o meredick_n who_o rebel_v against_o the_o king_n upon_o which_o all_o the_o land_n of_o the_o say_v meredick_n be_v confiscate_v as_o forfeit_v and_o seize_v by_o the_o say_a king_n 8_o doderidge_n prince_n of_o wales_n fol._n 8_o and_o nominal_o give_v by_o his_o successor_n edward_n the_o three_o to_z edward_z the_o black_a prince_n prince_n of_o wales_n for_o his_o better_a maintenance_n and_o honourable_a support_n and_o though_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o father_n they_o assist_v edward_n the_o second_o his_o son_n in_o his_o war_n against_o the_o scot_n 6._o herbert_n hen._n 6._o and_o get_v victory_n for_o edward_n the_o three_o and_o stand_v firm_a during_o all_o the_o difference_n in_o this_o realm_n to_o his_o grandchild_n richard_n the_o second_o yet_o when_o the_o unfortunate_a and_o fatal_a war_n happen_v between_o the_o two_o house_n of_o york_n and_o lancaster_n the_o welshman_n fall_v from_o their_o fidelity_n to_o the_o crown_n hope_v upon_o that_o disastrous_a
mutation_n to_o regain_v their_o pristine_a liberty_n for_o as_o sir_n john_n baker_n 139._o hist_o of_o england_n fol._n 139._o it_o be_v always_o a_o custom_n with_o that_o nation_n at_o every_o change_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o england_n to_o try_v conclusion_n hope_v at_o one_o time_n or_o another_o to_o have_v a_o day_n of_o it_o and_o to_o change_v their_o yoke_n of_o bondage_n into_o liberty_n as_o upon_o the_o aforesaid_a opportunity_n they_o begin_v to_o lift_v up_o their_o hand_n and_o head_n and_o under_o the_o aspire_a command_n of_o owen_n glendoer_n wage_v a_o terrible_a war_n with_o henry_n the_o four_o who_o through_o the_o combination_n and_o confederacy_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o march_n and_o the_o lord_n firrcy_n swallow_v in_o his_o ambitious_a mind_n all_o wales_n and_o the_o land_n beyond_o severn_n westward_n which_o be_v assign_v to_o he_o for_o his_o part_n but_o the_o king_n be_v a_o skilful_a souldâ—er_n have_v order_v and_o dispose_v his_o army_n sudden_o march_v towards_o the_o lord_n have_v aâ—â—especial_a care_n that_o they_o shall_v by_o no_o mean_n join_v with_o the_o welsh_a and_o so_o encounter_v the_o lord_n single_o obtain_v a_o universal_a victory_n and_o the_o welsh_a thereupon_o abandon_v owen_n glendoer_n who_o hirk_a in_o the_o wood_n be_v there_o famish_v and_o after_o the_o fate_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o henry_n the_o five_o his_o son_n know_v the_o fashion_n of_o the_o welsh_a 241_o baker_n hist_o f._n 241_o that_o in_o time_n of_o change_n they_o will_v common_o cake_n advantage_n to_o make_v inroad_n upon_o the_o border_n cause_v fort_n and_o bulwark_n in_o fit_a place_n to_o be_v erect_v and_o place_v garrison_n in_o they_o for_o the_o prevent_n or_o repel_v any_o such_o incursion_n yet_o so_o prompt_a and_o captious_a be_v they_o continual_o upon_o the_o least_o opportunity_n to_o such_o insurrection_n ut_fw-la nullo_n modo_fw-la induci_fw-la potuerunt_fw-la as_o cambden_n say_v ut_fw-la servitutis_fw-la jugum_fw-la subirent_fw-la nec_fw-la ulla_fw-la ratione_fw-la res_fw-la componi_fw-la &_o funestissimum_fw-la inter_fw-la gentes_fw-la odium_fw-la restingui_fw-la potuit_fw-la donec_fw-la henricus_fw-la 7._o ab_fw-la illis_fw-la oriundus_fw-la salutarem_fw-la manum_fw-la jacentibus_fw-la britannis_fw-la perrexerit_fw-la &_o henr._n 8._o eos_fw-la in_o parem_fw-la juris_fw-la libertatisque_fw-la conditionem_fw-la atque_fw-la nos_fw-la ipsi_fw-la angli_fw-la sumus_fw-la acceperit_fw-la that_o by_o no_o mean_n they_o can_v be_v induce_v to_o undergo_v the_o yoke_n of_o servitude_n neither_o by_o any_o reason_n can_v matten_v be_v compound_v and_o the_o moâ—_n mortal_a hatred_n between_o those_o two_o nation_n be_v extinguish_v until_o henry_n the_o seven_o descend_v of_o they_o have_v extend_v his_o sovereign_a hand_n to_o the_o forlorn_a britan_n and_o henry_n the_o eight_o have_v receive_v they_o into_o the_o equal_a condition_n of_o right_n and_o liberty_n even_o as_o we_o englishman_n be_v and_o indeed_o heâ—â—y_a the_o seven_o be_v descend_v of_o owen_n tuder_n who_o be_v say_v to_o be_v descend_v of_o cadwallader_n a_o prince_n of_o walâ—_n wherein_o the_o welsh_a prophecy_n seem_v to_o they_o now_o to_o be_v fulfil_v that_o one_o of_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n shall_v be_v crown_v with_o the_o diadem_n of_o brute_n which_o prince_n leolin_n before_o vain_o aferibe_v unto_o himself_o who_o therefore_o be_v cheerful_o assist_v by_o the_o welshman_n to_o the_o title_n of_o the_o crown_n 369_o herbert_n h._n 8._o f._n 369_o they_o be_v desirous_a according_a to_o the_o former_a proposition_n make_v by_o they_o to_o edward_n the_o first_o to_o have_v a_o prince_n of_o their_o own_o nation_n to_o rule_v over_o they_o yet_o be_v not_o the_o welshman_n full_o satisfy_v with_o this_o union_n but_o expect_v a_o more_o entire_a union_n by_o law_n for_o notwithstanding_o the_o law_n which_o be_v establish_v in_o that_o country_n by_o edward_n the_o 1._o there_o be_v 141_o lordship_n of_o marcher_n which_o be_v then_o neither_o any_o part_n of_o wales_n though_o former_o conquer_v out_o of_o wales_n neither_o any_o part_n of_o that_o shire_n of_o england_n who_o by_o the_o licence_n of_o the_o king_n then_o reign_v b._n davis_n cep_v f._n 61._o b._n have_v royal_a signiory_n in_o their_o severalter_n itory_n 9_o h._n 6.12_o 152._o &_o 11._o h._n 4.40_o and_o a_o kind_n of_o palatine_a jurisdiction_n and_o a_o power_n to_o administer_v justice_n to_o their_o tenant_n in_o every_o of_o their_o territory_n revoke_v their_o own_o law_n and_o custom_n at_o their_o pleasure_n that_o the_o writ_n of_o ordinary_a justice_n out_o of_o the_o king_n court_n be_v not_o for_o the_o most_o part_n current_n among_o they_o and_o substitute_v officer_n at_o their_o pleasure_n 369._o herb._n h._n 8._o foe_n 369._o who_o practise_v strange_a and_o discrepant_a custom_n and_o commit_v such_o rapin_n that_o nothing_o be_v almost_o safe_a nor_o quiet_a in_o those_o part_n for_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o flight_n of_o the_o offender_n from_o one_o lordship_n to_o another_o they_o have_v escape_v due_a and_o condign_a punishment_n whereupon_o the_o noble_a and_o elder_a of_o that_o nation_n supplicate_v henry_n the_o eight_o ibid._n herb._n ibid._n do_v crave_v to_o be_v receive_v and_o adopt_v into_o the_o same_o law_n and_o privilege_n which_o his_o other_o subject_n of_o england_n enjoy_v which_o move_v the_o king_n to_o make_v the_o statute_n of_o 27._o h._n 8._o c._n 26._o by_o which_o be_v ordain_v and_o enact_v that_o the_o principality_n and_o dominion_n of_o wales_n shall_v be_v incorporate_v unite_a and_o annex_v to_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n alter_v in_o many_o part_v the_o former_a jurisdiction_n and_o government_n thereof_o bring_v the_o same_o to_o the_o like_a administration_n of_o justice_n as_o be_v and_o yet_o be_v usual_a in_o england_n appoint_v that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n shall_v take_v place_n there_o and_o all_o welsh_a law_n sinister_a custom_n and_o tenor_n not_o agree_v to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n shall_v be_v thenceforth_o ever_o abrogate_a and_o abolish_v and_o therefore_o whereas_o before_o there_o have_v be_v eight_o several_a shire_n in_o wales_n beside_o the_o county_n of_o monmouth_n and_o that_o some_o other_o territory_n in_o wales_n be_v then_o no_o shire_n ground_n by_o reason_n whereof_o the_o law_n of_o england_n can_v have_v no_o currant_n passage_n therein_o by_o the_o say_a act_n there_o be_v erect_v in_o wales_n four_o other_o namely_o the_o several_a shire_n of_o radnor_n brecknock_n mountgomery_n and_o denbigh_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o law_n of_o england_n there_o also_o may_v be_v put_v into_o execution_n and_o further_a the_o say_a lord_n marcher_n ground_n by_o the_o same_o act_n be_v annex_v and_o unite_v partly_o to_o the_o shire_n of_o england_n and_o partly_o to_o the_o shire_n of_o wales_n next_o adjoin_v as_o think_v then_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o vicinity_n of_o the_o place_n and_o otherwise_o most_o convenient_a to_o prevent_v the_o perpretate_v of_o the_o aforesaid_a enormity_n and_o odious_a offence_n by_o just_a and_o lawful_a punishment_n and_o to_o make_v the_o union_n the_o more_o honourable_a and_o that_o the_o noble_a of_o the_o welsh_a nation_n may_v participate_v of_o the_o high_a privilege_n and_o chief_a dignity_n of_o england_n according_a to_o the_o roman_a precedent_n it_o be_v also_o ordain_v that_o out_o of_o the_o say_a shire_n of_o wales_n there_o shall_v be_v one_o knight_n and_o out_o of_o every_o of_o the_o shire_n town_n in_o wales_n name_v in_o the_o say_a act_n there_o be_v one_o burgess_n elect_v after_o the_o english_a manner_n which_o knight_n and_o burgess_n so_o elect_v and_o due_o upon_o summons_n of_o every_o parliament_n in_o england_n return_v shall_v have_v place_n and_o voice_n in_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n as_o other_o the_o burgess_n and_o knight_n of_o england_n use_v to_o have_v and_o though_o the_o say_a statute_n do_v not_o make_v mention_n of_o the_o penalty_n give_v upon_o the_o sheriff_n false_a return_n for_o such_o knight_n and_o burgess_n as_o shall_v be_v lawful_o elect_v in_o wales_n and_o not_o return_v but_o that_o those_o be_v give_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 23._o h._n 6._o c._n 15._o against_o the_o sheriff_n of_o england_n yet_o shall_v the_o knight_n and_o burgess_n of_o wales_n so_o elect_v and_o not_o return_v have_v the_o benefit_n of_o it_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 27._o h._n 8._o because_o that_o statute_n grant_v that_o the_o country_n of_o wales_n shall_v have_v enjoy_v &_o inherit_v all_o right_n privilege_n &_o law_n within_o its_o dominion_n as_o other_o subject_n of_o the_o king_n bear_v in_o this_o realm_n for_o the_o general_a word_n of_o the_o statute_n make_v all_o the_o law_n of_o england_n aswell_o common_a law_n as_o statute_n law_n to_o be_v of_o effect_n in_o wales_n and_o shall_v take_v place_n there_o and_o that_o the_o welshman_n shall_v
communi_fw-la omniâ—â—_n de_fw-fr hibernia_n consensu_fw-la enjoin_v and_o establish_v that_o ireland_n shall_v be_v govern_v by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n 6._o cok._n com._n f._n 1._o a._n 6._o which_o he_o leave_v in_o write_v under_o his_o seal_n in_o the_o exchequer_n of_o dublin_n and_o which_o afterward_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o charter_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o 6._o davis_n rep_v f._n 37._o a_o 6._o in_o the_o thirty_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n wherein_o be_v declare_v that_o for_o the_o common_a utility_n of_o the_o land_n in_o ireland_n and_o the_o unity_n of_o those_o land_n that_o all_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n that_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n be_v hold_v in_o ireland_n and_o that_o the_o same_o land_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o same_o law_n and_o be_v rule_v by_o they_o as_o king_n john_n when_o he_o be_v there_o do_v firm_o enjoin_v and_o therefore_o will_v that_o all_o the_o writ_n of_o the_o common_a law_n which_o run_v in_o england_n likewise_o run_v in_o ireland_n and_o according_o be_v it_o resolve_v trin._n 13._o edw._n 1._o coram_fw-la rege_fw-la in_o thesaurie_n in_o lenge_n placite_fw-la that_o the_o same_o law_n ought_v to_o be_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o ireland_n as_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o therefore_o as_o sir_n john_n davis_n say_v every_o county_n palatine_n as_o well_o in_o ireland_n as_o in_o england_n be_v original_o parcel_n of_o the_o b._n davis_n rep_v f._n 6_o 7._o b._n same_o realm_n and_o derive_v of_o the_o crown_n and_o be_v always_o govern_v by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n and_o the_o land_n there_o be_v hold_v by_o service_n and_o tenor_n of_o which_o the_o common_a law_n take_v notice_n although_o the_o lord_n have_v a_o several_a jurisdiction_n and_o a_o signiory_n separate_v from_o the_o crown_n upon_o consideration_n of_o which_o sir_n edward_n coke_n infer_v this_o conclusion_n b._n cok._n com._n f._n 14._o b._n that_o the_o unity_n of_o law_n be_v the_o best_a mean_n for_o the_o unity_n of_o country_n as_o before_o have_v be_v premise_v yet_o many_o of_o the_o irish_a soon_o after_o absolute_o refuse_v the_o english_a law_n prefer_v their_o irish_a custom_n which_o they_o call_v their_o brehon_n law_n because_o the_o irish_a call_v their_o judge_n brehons_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o parliament_n anno_fw-la 40._o ed._n 3._o ib._n cok._n ib._n in_o the_o parliament_n hold_v at_o kilkenny_n in_o ireland_n before_o lionel_n duke_n of_o clarence_n be_v the_o lieutenant_n of_o that_o realm_n the_o brehon_n law_n be_v declare_v to_o be_v no_o law_n but_o a_o lewd_a custom_n which_o fot_o that_o reason_n be_v abolish_v quia_fw-la malus_fw-la usus_fw-la est_fw-la abolendus_fw-la and_o though_o that_o by_o that_o statute_n the_o brehon_n law_n which_o be_v the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o irish_a be_v declare_v to_o be_v no_o law_n yet_o be_v it_o not_o absolute_o abolish_v among_o the_o mere_a irish_a 39_o davis_n report_v f._n 39_o but_o only_o prohibit_v and_o forbid_v to_o be_v use_v among_o the_o english_a race_n and_o the_o mere_a irish_a be_v leave_v at_o large_a to_o be_v rule_v by_o their_o barbarous_a custom_n as_o before_o and_o therefore_o for_o that_o by_o those_o custom_n bastard_n have_v their_o part_n with_o the_o legitimate_a &_o woman_n be_v altogether_o exclude_v from_o dower_n &_o that_o the_o daughter_n be_v not_o inheritable_a though_o their_o father_n dye_v without_o male_n by_o the_o same_o statute_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o no_o compaternity_n education_n of_o infant_n or_o marriage_n be_v make_v or_o have_v between_o the_o english_a and_o other_o in_o peace_n with_o the_o king_n with_o the_o mere_a irish_a and_o though_o the_o statute_n make_v by_o king_n john_n in_o ireland_n and_o the_o ordinance_n and_o writ_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o be_v general_a yet_o be_v it_o manifest_a by_o all_o the_o ancient_a record_n of_o ireland_n that_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n be_v only_o put_v in_o execution_n in_o that_o part_n of_o ireland_n which_o be_v reduce_v and_o divide_v into_o county_n and_o possess_v by_o the_o english_a colony_n o._n vid._n davis_n 39_o a._n o._n and_o not_o in_o the_o irish_a county_n and_o territory_n which_o be_v not_o reduce_v into_o county_n until_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n mary_n and_o queen_n elizabeth_n for_o king_n john_n make_v but_o twelve_o county_n but_o the_o other_o province_n and_o territory_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o 21._o county_n at_o large_a be_v then_o inhabit_v for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o mere_a irish_a be_v out_o of_o the_o limit_n of_o any_o shire_n ground_n by_o the_o space_n of_o three_o hundred_o year_n after_o the_o make_n of_o the_o former_a twelve_o county_n for_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n shall_v be_v execute_v in_o those_o county_n or_o territory_n for_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n can_v be_v put_v in_o execution_n where_o the_o write_v of_o the_o king_n do_v not_o run_v but_o where_o there_o be_v a_o county_n and_o sheriff_n or_o other_o minister_n of_o the_o law_n to_o serve_v and_o return_v the_o writ_n of_o the_o king_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n be_v the_o mere_a irish_a out_o of_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o king_n because_o the_o law_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o writ_n as_o littleton_n say_v 43._o littl._n tom._n f._n 43._o be_v the_o thing_n by_o which_o a_o man_n be_v protect_v &_o aid_v and_o therefore_o the_o mere_a irish_a who_o have_v no_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o law_n until_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o eight_o where_o any_o mention_n be_v make_v of_o the_o war_n of_o ireland_n be_v cull_v enemy_n &_o the_o english_a rebel_n but_o by_o the_o 33._o h._n 8._o c._n 1._o by_o which_o it_o be_v recite_v that_o because_o the_o king_n of_o england_n do_v not_o assume_v the_o name_n &_o stile_n of_o king_n the_o irish_a inhabitant_n have_v not_o be_v so_o obedient_a to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o his_o law_n as_o of_o right_n they_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v it_o be_v enact_v that_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o his_o heir_n and_o successor_n shall_v be_v for_o ever_o king_n of_o ireland_n and_o shall_v have_v the_o name_n stile_n and_o title_n of_o the_o king_n of_o that_o land_n with_o all_o the_o honour_n prerogative_n and_o dignity_n appertain_v to_o the_o state_n and_o majesty_n of_o a_o king_n as_o unite_z and_o annex_v to_o the_o imperial_a crown_n after_o which_o royal_a union_n the_o say_a difference_n of_o the_o english_a rebel_n and_o irish_a enemy_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v on_o record_n but_o all_o those_o mere_a irish_a be_v afterward_o repute_v and_o accept_v subject_n and_o liegeman_n to_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n of_o england_n and_o have_v the_o benefit_n and_o protection_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n and_o afterward_o the_o irish_a be_v more_o averse_a from_o rebellion_n and_o more_o ready_a to_o forsake_v their_o brehon_n law_n and_o to_o be_v rule_v by_o we_o the_o stile_n and_o title_n of_o the_o king_n of_o ireland_n be_v more_o please_a &_o acceptable_a to_o they_o then_o lord_n of_o ireland_n the_o one_o denote_v a_o tyrannical_a &_o arbitrary_a government_n 1._o tholos_n syntag._n li._n 13._o c._n 1._o &_o the_o other_o a_o limit_a power_n according_a to_o law_n and_o equity_n for_o such_o prince_n as_o arrogate_v to_o themselves_o the_o name_n of_o lord_n seem_v to_o usurp_v a_o arbitrary_a and_o plenipotentiary_n power_n over_o their_o subject_n which_o be_v proprietor_n of_o nothing_o but_o at_o the_o will_n of_o their_o great_a lord_n and_o therefore_o do_v the_o wise_a of_o the_o boman_n emperor_n refuse_v to_o take_v upon_o they_o that_o arrogant_a and_o absolute_a title_n b._n davis_n f._n 40._o b._n it_o proper_o appertain_v only_o to_o god_n but_o under_o a_o king_n the_o subject_n be_v free_a man_n and_o have_v property_n in_o their_o good_n and_o frank_a tenement_n and_o inheritance_n who_o do_v not_o domineer_v over_o they_o according_a to_o his_o will_n and_o pleasure_n but_o rule_v they_o according_a to_o law_n for_o as_o bracton_n non_fw-la est_fw-la rex_fw-la ubi_fw-la dominatur_fw-la voluntas_fw-la 9_o lib._n 1._o c._n 4._o fol._n 9_o &_o non_fw-la lex_fw-la and_o according_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n of_o england_n to_o the_o intent_n that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n may_v have_v a_o free_a course_n in_o and_o through_o all_o the_o realm_n of_o ireland_n as_o be_v express_v in_o the_o statute_n of_o 11._o eliz._n c._n 9_o do_v they_o provide_v in_o several_a parliament_n to_o wit_n 3._o &_o 4._o ph._n and_o mary_n c._n 3._o and_o 11._o eliz._n c._n 9_o that_o commission_n shall_v be_v award_v to_o reduce_v into_o shire_n and_o hundred_o all_o the_o irish_a land_n which_o be_v not_o shire_n ground_n before_o and_o
two_o discordant_a nation_n as_o before_o he_o have_v do_v between_o wales_n and_o england_n for_o which_o his_o heroic_a act_n the_o fame_n of_o his_o virtue_n so_o wrought_v on_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o scot_n that_o great_a contention_n intervening_a between_o they_o concern_v the_o succession_n to_o the_o crown_n alexander_z the_o king_n of_o scot_n leave_v no_o heir_n there_o be_v twelve_o competitor_n hollingshed_n hollingshed_n who_o by_o several_a title_n lay_v claim_v unto_o the_o crown_n all_o of_o they_o refer_v the_o decision_n of_o that_o royal_a case_n without_o any_o constraint_n and_o of_o their_o own_o good_a will_n as_o in_o the_o reference_n be_v express_v to_o the_o final_a sentence_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o who_o after_o six_o year_n discussion_n adjudge_v the_o case_n on_o balliol_n side_n who_o indeed_o have_v the_o best_a title_n but_o upon_o promise_n to_o subject_v the_o crown_n of_o scotland_n to_o he_o and_o to_o swear_v fealty_n and_o homage_n to_o he_o as_o his_o sovereign_a lord_n and_o thereupon_o be_v balliol_n crown_v king_n of_o scotland_n which_o be_v do_v king_n balliol_n come_v to_o newcastle_n upon_o tyne_n where_o king_n edward_n then_o lay_v and_o there_o with_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o nobility_n do_v swear_v fealty_n and_o do_v homage_n to_o he_o as_o their_o sovereign_a lord_n except_o bruce_n who_o be_v the_o next_o heir_n to_o the_o crown_n king_n edward_n thus_o become_v the_o sovereign_a umpire_n and_o supreme_a judge_n of_o scotland_n to_o who_o the_o noble_n as_o the_o king_n himself_o before_o have_v do_v appeal_v for_o justice_n against_o the_o king_n and_o because_o king_n edward_n will_v not_o permit_v king_n balliol_n a_o procurator_n but_o cause_v he_o to_o defend_v his_o cause_n himself_o in_o the_o ordinary_a place_n in_o a_o rage_n at_o his_o return_n he_o defy_v king_n edward_n renounce_v his_o allegiance_n as_o illegal_o make_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o state_n hollingshed_n hollingshed_n for_o which_o king_n balliol_n be_v summon_v to_o appear_v at_o newcastle_n and_o refuse_v to_o come_v king_n edward_z triumphant_o with_o a_o mighty_a army_n invade_v scotland_n barwick_n be_v first_o take_v and_o afterward_o the_o castle_n of_o dunbar_n roxborrough_n edinborrough_n sterling_n and_o st._n john_n and_o john_n warren_n earl_n of_o sussex_n and_o surrey_n be_v make_v warden_n of_o all_o scotland_n sir_n hugh_n cressingham_n treasurer_n and_o bransly_n chief_a justice_n to_o take_v in_o his_o name_n the_o homage_v and_o fealty_n of_o all_o such_o at_o hold_v land_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o to_o be_v general_a guardian_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o notwithstanding_o balliol_n in_o parliament_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o state_n of_o scotland_n do_v tender_v his_o submission_n and_o do_v homage_n and_o swear_v fealty_n unto_o king_n edward_n as_o his_o sovereign_a lord_n yet_o be_v he_o for_o his_o former_a infidelity_n secure_v and_o send_v into_o england_n but_o not_o long_o after_o though_o the_o scot_n be_v without_o a_o head_n their_o king_n be_v in_o england_n and_o all_o their_o great_a man_n in_o captivity_n and_o subjection_n yet_o they_o want_v not_o a_o heart_n to_o shake_v off_o servitude_n and_o animate_v by_o one_o william_n wallis_n a_o poor_a private_a gentleman_n though_o noble_o descend_v make_v a_o audacious_a and_o dangerous_a attempt_n who_o with_o a_o forlorn_a and_o desperate_a rabble_n like_o himself_o fall_v sudden_o on_o the_o english_a officer_n and_o slay_v sir_n hugh_n cressingham_n with_o six_o thousand_o english_a recover_v many_o castle_n and_o regain_v the_o town_n of_o barwick_n and_o second_v by_o success_n so_o increase_v by_o range_v and_o roll_a up_o and_o down_o many_o of_o the_o noble_a sort_n resort_v to_o he_o that_o within_o a_o short_a space_n his_o force_n amount_v to_o a_o copious_a and_o warlike_a army_n and_o be_v in_o a_o propinque_fw-la possibility_n to_o have_v free_v his_o country_n from_o subjection_n if_o the_o speedy_a succour_n of_o king_n edward_n have_v not_o anticipate_v he_o who_o remove_v his_o court_n to_o york_n and_o make_v that_o city_n his_o imperial_a seat_n as_o the_o roman_a emperor_n heretofore_o do_v that_o with_o the_o more_o convenience_n he_o may_v quell_v the_o insult_a scot_n there_o raise_v a_o exquisite_a and_o choice_a army_n and_o with_o three_o thousand_o man_n of_o arm_n on_o barded_a horse_n and_o four_o thousand_o other_o arm_v on_o horse_n without_o bard_n and_o with_o a_o army_n of_o foot_n answerable_a he_o encounter_v the_o confident_a army_n of_o the_o scot_n who_o on_o the_o onset_n make_v such_o terrible_a shout_n that_o king_n edward_n horse_n fright_v therewith_o cast_v he_o off_o and_o break_v two_o of_o his_o rib_n yet_o nevertheless_o he_o get_v up_o again_o go_v on_o and_o gain_v the_o victory_n in_o which_o battle_n sexaginta_fw-la scotorum_fw-la millia_fw-la occisa_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la threescore_o thousand_o scot_n be_v slay_v as_o william_n of_o westminster_n number_n they_o among_o which_o there_o be_v two_o hundred_o knight_n whereupon_o a_o parliament_n be_v call_v at_o st._n andrews_n most_o of_o the_o great_a man_n of_o that_o kingdom_n except_o wallis_n who_o have_v escape_v by_o flight_n prostrate_v their_o homage_n and_o fealty_n to_o king_n edward_n as_o their_o supreme_a head_n and_o king_n of_o which_o william_n of_o westminster_n give_v this_o character_n arma_fw-la parant_fw-la scotus_n regno_fw-la dolet_fw-la esse_fw-la remotus_fw-la and_o king_n edward_n the_o better_a to_o keep_v some_o in_o subjection_n and_o deter_v other_o from_o insurrection_n do_v confer_v most_o of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n of_o scotland_o with_o their_o title_n that_o stand_v out_o on_o the_o english_a as_o a_o reward_n of_o their_o valour_n and_o virtue_n 3._o hollingshed_n ed._n 3._o and_o now_o it_o will_v seem_v that_o scotland_n be_v quite_o conquer_v and_o subject_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n they_o have_v no_o king_n nor_o heir_n in_o scotland_n but_o the_o king_n of_o england_n but_o as_o cambden_n say_v est_fw-la natio_fw-la servitutis_fw-la impatientissimae_fw-la brit._n cambd._n brit._n it_o be_v a_o nation_n impatient_a of_o servitude_n and_o a_o breeder_n of_o stubborn_a and_o refractory_a spirit_n which_o to_o their_o power_n will_v not_o stoop_v to_o the_o english_a yoke_n for_o though_o they_o be_v twice_o overthrow_v by_o king_n edward_n and_o thrice_o swear_v fealty_n unto_o he_o yet_o do_v they_o as_o many_o time_n falsify_v their_o faith_n which_o in_o military_a affair_n be_v principal_o to_o be_v maintain_v postremum_fw-la est_fw-la primumque_fw-la tâ—eri_fw-la inter_fw-la bella_fw-la fidem_fw-la and_o now_o again_o go_v about_o to_o contrive_v new_a commotion_n rejectiâ—â—_n balliol_n their_o natural_a king_n for_o thâ—_n he_o receive_v the_o crown_n upon_o condition_n to_o subject_v the_o crown_n of_o scotland_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n fâ—â—_n which_o they_o recall_v their_o allegiance_n that_o they_o have_v give_v to_o he_o and_o receive_v robert_n bruce_n come_v of_o thâ—_n second_o branch_n for_o their_o king_n because_o as_o one_o of_o their_o own_o writer_n say_v he_o have_v base_o condescend_v to_o enslave_v that_o nation_n to_o who_o their_o liberty_n have_v always_o be_v 〈◊〉_d dear_a scotland_n in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o reformation_n of_o the_o church_n of_o scotland_n that_o they_o have_v willing_o and_o cheerful_o undergo_v all_o hazard_n of_o life_n and_o mean_n which_o if_o they_o shall_v have_v suffer_v they_o have_v nothing_o lefâ—_n whereby_o they_o may_v be_v call_v menâ—_n and_o consequent_o arm_v with_o this_o resolution_n under_o their_o new_a head_n and_o king_n force_v all_o the_o warden_n of_o scotland_n to_o retire_v to_o barwick_n whereof_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o king_n hear_v he_o send_v the_o earl_n of_o pembroke_n and_o the_o lord_n clifford_n with_o a_o strong_a power_n to_o relieve_v the_o warden_n of_o scotland_n whilst_o he_o prepare_v a_o potent_a army_n to_o sollow_v make_v a_o vow_n that_o either_o alive_a or_o dead_a he_o will_v pour_v vengeâ—ince_n on_o the_o perfidious_a scot_n in_o which_o expedition_n that_o magnaninous_a king_n fall_v into_o a_o sickness_n at_o carlisle_n adjure_v his_o son_n and_o all_o the_o noble_n about_o he_o upon_o their_o fealty_n that_o if_o he_o die_v in_o this_o journey_n they_o shall_v carry_v his_o corpse_n with_o they_o about_o scotland_n and_o not_o suffer_v it_o to_o be_v inter_v until_o they_o have_v final_o conquer_v the_o scot_n as_o matthew_n of_o malmesbury_n jussit_fw-la corpus_fw-la suumâ—ibi_fw-la temavere_fw-la insepultum_fw-la dum_fw-la tota_fw-la scotia_n esset_fw-la finaliter_fw-la acquisita_fw-la a_o heroic_a resolution_n worthy_a the_o spirit_n of_o a_o conqueror_n but_o he_o that_o never_o stoop_v to_o enemy_n be_v force_v to_o submit_v to_o fate_n and_o he_o that_o be_v always_o victorious_a be_v overcome_v by_o death_n quae_fw-la sola_fw-la ultricibus_fw-la armis_fw-la elatâ—s_fw-la
according_a to_o it_o in_o the_o several_a government_n of_o thomas_n earl_n of_o sussex_n sir_n henry_n sidney_n and_o sir_n john_n perott_n not_o only_o the_o irish_a territory_n in_o the_o confine_n of_o lemster_n but_o also_o the_o entire_a province_n of_o conagh_n and_o ulster_n be_v out_o of_o all_o shire_n ground_n before_o be_v divide_v and_o distinguish_v into_o several_a county_n and_o hundred_o &_o several_a sheriff_n coroner_n and_o justice_n of_o peace_n and_o other_o officer_n and_o minister_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n have_v be_v from_o time_n to_o time_n constitute_v in_o those_o county_n by_o several_a patent_n and_o commission_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n and_o by_o this_o mean_n have_v the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n be_v communicate_v to_o all_o person_n and_o execute_v throughout_o all_o that_o realm_n for_o many_o year_n pass_v and_o so_o continue_v unto_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o late_a king_n james_n who_o also_o by_o a_o special_a proclamation_n in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n declare_v and_o publish_v that_o he_o have_v receive_v all_o the_o native_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o ireland_n into_o his_o royal_a protection_n etc._n etc._n by_o which_o it_o be_v clear_o resolve_v that_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n be_v establish_v universal_o throughout_o the_o realm_n of_o ireland_n and_o that_o all_o person_n and_o possession_n within_o that_o realm_n ought_v to_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o that_o law_n and_o that_o every_o subject_n shall_v inherit_v his_o land_n in_o ireland_n by_o the_o just_a and_o honourable_a law_n of_o england_n in_o that_o manner_n and_o by_o the_o same_o law_n that_o the_o king_n inherit_v the_o crown_n of_o irelaud_n and_o by_o these_o degree_n be_v the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n introduce_v and_o establish_v in_o ireland_n and_o in_o the_o same_o year_n of_o that_o king_n according_o it_o be_v by_o the_o special_a order_n of_o the_o deputy_n of_o ireland_n and_o the_o justice_n resolve_v and_o declare_v that_o because_o all_o the_o irish_a county_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o they_o be_v to_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n 51.52_o vid._n davis_n re_fw-mi f._n 51.52_o the_o irish_a custom_n be_v void_a in_o law_n not_o only_o for_o the_o inconvenience_n and_o unreasonableness_n of_o they_o but_o for_o that_o they_o be_v mere_a personal_a custom_n and_o can_v not_o alter_v the_o descent_n of_o inheritance_n for_o all_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o irish_a territory_n before_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n be_v establish_v do_v run_v either_o in_o the_o custom_n and_o course_n of_o tanistry_n whereby_o every_o lordship_n or_o chiefty_a with_o the_o portion_n of_o land_n which_o do_v pass_v with_o it_o do_v go_v without_o partition_n to_o the_o tanist_n and_o not_o to_o the_o next_o heir_n of_o the_o lord_n or_o chiefty_a but_o to_o the_o elder_n and_o more_o worthy_a of_o that_o lineage_n who_o oftentimes_o be_v remove_v and_o expel_v by_o another_o who_o be_v more_o active_a and_o more_o strong_a than_o he_o beside_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o signiory_n claim_v to_o have_v a_o sole_a property_n in_o a_o certain_a portion_n of_o good_n during_o the_o coverture_n with_o power_n to_o dispose_v of_o they_o without_o the_o assent_n of_o their_o husband_n or_o in_o the_o course_n and_o custom_n of_o gavel_n kind_n whereby_o all_o the_o inferior_a tenancy_n be_v partible_a among_o the_o male_n in_o this_o manner_n the_o causeny_n or_o chief_a of_o that_o lineage_n who_o be_v common_o most_o ancient_a after_o the_o death_n of_o every_o tenant_n which_o have_v a_o competent_a portion_n of_o land_n do_v assemble_v all_o of_o that_o lineage_n and_o have_v put_v all_o their_o possession_n in_o hotch_a potch_v do_v make_v a_o new_a partition_n of_o all_o in_o which_o partition_n he_o do_v not_o assign_v to_o the_o son_n of_o those_o that_o die_v the_o portion_n that_o the_o father_n have_v but_o he_o allot_v to_o every_o one_o of_o that_o lineage_n according_a to_o his_o antiquity_n the_o more_o and_o great_a part_n by_o who_o also_o a_o new_a partition_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o every_o inferior_a tenant_n be_v make_v at_o his_o will_n and_o discretion_n and_o so_o by_o reason_n of_o those_o frequent_a partition_n and_o translation_n of_o tenant_n from_o one_o portion_n to_o another_o all_o the_o possession_n be_v uncertain_a and_o the_o uncertainty_n of_o the_o possession_n be_v the_o true_a cause_n that_o no_o civil_a habitation_n be_v erect_v no_o enclosure_n or_o improvement_n be_v make_v of_o land_n in_o the_o irish_a county_n where_o this_o custom_n be_v in_o use_n especial_o in_o ulster_n which_o seem_v throughout_o to_o be_v a_o wilderness_n before_o the_o new_a plantation_n make_v by_o the_o english_a undertaker_n there_o also_o by_o that_o custom_n bastard_n have_v their_o purparty_n with_o the_o english_a the_o woman_n be_v utter_o exclude_v from_o dower_n the_o daughter_n be_v not_o inheritable_a though_o their_o father_n die_v without_o issue_n male_a and_o therefore_o for_o the_o aforesaid_a inconvenience_n and_o unreasonableness_n of_o those_o custom_n be_v they_o utter_o abolish_v as_o the_o custom_n of_o gavel_n kind_n in_o north-wales_n by_o edward_n the_o first_o and_o henry_n the_o 8._o which_o be_v semblable_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o irish_a and_o therefore_o be_v it_o adjudge_v that_o the_o land_n in_o ireland_n shall_v descend_v according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o the_o common_a law_n that_o woman_n shall_v be_v endow_v that_o daughter_n shall_v be_v inheritable_a for_o defect_n of_o issue_n male_n and_o the_o property_n of_o such_o good_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o irish_a lord_n and_o not_o in_o the_o feme_fw-fr covert_n according_a to_o the_o irish_a usage_n which_o resolution_n of_o the_o judge_n by_o order_n of_o the_o deputy_n be_v register_v among_o the_o act_n of_o the_o council_n but_o this_o provision_n be_v add_v to_o it_o that_o if_o any_o of_o the_o mere_a irish_a have_v possess_v and_o enjoy_v any_o portion_n of_o land_n by_o these_o custom_n before_o the_o commencement_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o late_a king_n james_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v disturb_v in_o his_o possession_n but_o shall_v be_v continue_v and_o establish_v in_o it_o but_o that_o after_o the_o commencement_n of_o his_o reign_n all_o land_n shall_v be_v adjudge_v to_o descend_v to_o the_o heir_n by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o shall_v hereefter_o be_v possess_v and_o enjoy_v according_o and_o yet_o be_v not_o the_o law_n of_o england_n full_o and_o rotal_o establish_v in_o ireland_n one_o of_o the_o main_a triangle_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v yet_o exclude_v for_o as_o sir_n edw._n coke_n b._n cok._n gom._n on_o litt._n 110._o b._n the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v divide_v into_o common_a law_n custom_n and_o statute_n law_n and_o though_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n be_v introduce_v and_o the_o irish_a custom_n abolish_v in_o ireland_n yet_o be_v not_o the_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n currant_n in_o that_o country_n for_o the_o land_n of_o ireland_n have_v parliament_n make_v law_n and_o change_v law_n and_o those_o of_o that_o land_n be_v not_o oblige_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o england_n because_o they_o do_v not_o send_v knight_n to_o it_o as_o sir_n edw._n coke_n observe_v b._n cok._n com._n f._n 141._o b._n and_o though_o sir_n edward_n poynings_n have_v both_o martial_a and_o civil_a power_n give_v he_o by_o the_o commission_n of_o henry_n the_o seven_o above_o the_o earl_n of_o kildare_n then_o deputy_n of_o ireland_n 138._o bacon_n hen._n 7._o f._n 138._o call_v a_o parliament_n in_o ireland_n wherein_o be_v make_v that_o memorable_a act_n which_o at_o this_o day_n be_v call_v poynings_n law_n whereby_o all_o the_o statute_n of_o england_n be_v make_v to_o be_v of_o force_n in_o ireland_n yet_o before_o they_o be_v not_o neither_o be_v any_o now_o in_o force_n in_o ireland_n which_o be_v make_v in_o england_n since_o that_o time_n but_o have_v have_v parliament_n since_o hold_v there_o wherein_o they_o have_v make_v divers_a particular_a law_n concern_v the_o government_n of_o that_o domivion_n wherefore_o in_o this_o particular_a ireland_n be_v still_o a_o dominion_n divide_v and_o separate_v from_o england_n and_o the_o union_n between_o those_o two_o nation_n in_o that_o respect_n not_o absolute_o perfect_a and_o therefore_o do_v it_o seem_v a_o worthy_a act_n in_o the_o late_a protector_n to_o have_v ordain_v by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n that_o thirty_o knight_n and_o burgess_n out_o of_o ireland_n shall_v be_v elect_v to_o sit_v in_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n thereby_o to_o oblige_v those_o of_o that_o country_n to_o be_v subject_a and_o obedient_a to_o our_o statute_n as_o well_o as_o
no_o other_o way_n to_o make_v his_o victory_n permanent_a but_o by_o his_o valour_n but_o after_o the_o norman_a conqueror_n have_v bring_v under_o his_o yoke_n and_o subjection_n the_o utmost_a part_n of_o this_o island_n and_o by_o his_o continual_a victory_n tame_v the_o mind_n of_o his_o formidable_a enemy_n he_o like_v a_o roman_a victor_n with_o all_o diligence_n labour_v by_o imposition_n of_o law_n to_o reduce_v the_o english_a and_o the_o norman_n into_o a_o peaceable_a and_o sociable_a union_n and_o according_o propound_v to_o himself_o a_o exact_a survey_n of_o all_o the_o ancient_a law_n as_o the_o old_a law_n of_o the_o saxon_n which_o where_o compound_v of_o the_o british_a custom_n and_o their_o own_o which_o mention_n the_o danish_a law_n danellage_n the_o mercian_n law_n mercemlage_n and_o the_o west_n saxon_n westsaxonlage_n all_o these_o be_v consider_v by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n compare_v they_o with_o the_o law_n â—_o norway_n ibid._n ibid._n which_o he_o most_o affect_a as_o mr._n selden_n suppose_v because_o by_o they_o a_o bastard_n of_o a_o concubine_n â—â—_o himself_o be_v have_v equal_a inheritance_n with_o the_o most_o legitimate_a son_n as_o gerâ—â—se_n of_o tilburyâ—_n in_o this_o dialogue_n de_fw-fr seaccario_n say_v quasdam_fw-la reprobarit_fw-la quasdam_fw-la autem_fw-la approbans_fw-la illis_fw-la transmarinas_fw-la neustriae_fw-la leges_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la regni_fw-la pacem_fw-la tuendam_fw-la efficacissimae_fw-la videbantur_fw-la addidit_fw-la some_o he_o reject_v and_o some_o he_o approve_v to_o they_o he_o add_v the_o foreign_a norway_n law_n which_o seem_v most_o efficacious_a for_o the_o preserve_n of_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o such_o law_n as_o he_o in_o write_v allow_v though_o by_o roger_n hovendon_n and_o jugulphus_n they_o be_v call_v leges_fw-la edwardi_fw-la regis_fw-la yet_o by_o matthew_n paris_n be_v they_o proper_o call_v bonae_fw-la &_o approbatae_fw-la antiquae_fw-la regui_fw-la leges_fw-la the_o good_a and_o approve_a ancient_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o denomination_n from_o the_o great_a part_n and_o sometime_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o king_n william_n for_o clear_o diverse_a norman_a custom_n be_v in_o practice_n first_o mix_v with_o they_o and_o to_o these_o time_n continue_v as_o mr._n selden_n assert_v as_o that_o of_o coverfeu_n which_o be_v constitute_v to_o prevent_v conspiracy_n combination_n and_o robbery_n which_o be_v then_o very_o frequent_a and_o common_o contrive_v and_o practise_v in_o the_o night_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o in_o all_o town_n and_o village_n a_o bell_n shall_v be_v ring_v at_o eight_o of_o the_o clock_n in_o the_o evening_n and_o that_o in_o every_o house_n they_o shall_v then_o put_v out_o their_o fire_n and_o light_n which_o bell_n be_v therefore_o call_v coverfeu_n and_o then_o to_o go_v to_o bed_n which_o among_o many_o other_o be_v one_o of_o the_o law_n much_o conduce_v to_o the_o preservation_n of_o peace_n by_o which_o so_o great_a a_o peace_n be_v settle_v in_o the_o kingdom_n as_o by_o henry_n of_o huntingdon_n he_o be_v style_v the_o author_n of_o peace_n who_o word_n be_v these_o pacis_fw-la author_n tantus_fw-la quod_fw-la pvella_fw-la auro_fw-la onusta_fw-la regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la transire_fw-la possit_fw-la impune_fw-la he_o be_v so_o great_a a_o author_n of_o peace_n that_o a_o virgin_n lade_v with_o gold_n may_v without_o danger_n pass_v through_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o see_v his_o people_n to_o be_v part_n norman_n 31._o bacon_n use_n of_o the_o law_n fol._n 31._o and_o part_n saxon_n the_o norman_n he_o bring_v with_o he_o the_o saxon_n he_o find_v here_o he_o bend_v himself_o to_o conjoin_v they_o by_o marriage_n in_o amity_n and_o for_o that_o purpose_n ordain_v that_o if_o those_o of_o his_o noble_n knight_n and_o gentleman_n shall_v die_v leave_v their_o heir_n within_o age_n a_o male_a within_o one_o and_o twenty_o and_o a_o female_a within_o fourteen_o year_n and_o unmarried_a than_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v the_o bestow_n of_o such_o in_o such_o a_o family_n and_o to_o such_o person_n as_o he_o shall_v think_v meet_a which_o be_v common_o to_o his_o norman_n which_o interest_n of_o marriage_n go_v still_o employ_v and_o do_v continue_v at_o this_o day_n in_o every_o tenure_n be_v call_v knight_n service_n then_o he_o also_o command_v all_o his_o law_n to_o be_v write_v in_o french_a and_o all_o cause_n and_o matter_n of_o law_n to_o be_v prosecute_v plead_v and_o dispatch_v in_o the_o french_a language_n as_o the_o roman_n do_v in_o latin_a that_o the_o english_a thereby_o may_v be_v invite_v to_o addict_v their_o mind_n to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o that_o language_n that_o whereas_o they_o be_v make_v by_o law_n as_o it_o be_v one_o people_n so_o by_o this_o constitution_n they_o may_v be_v bring_v to_o be_v of_o one_o language_n in_o this_o manner_n through_o the_o prowess_n and_o prudence_n of_o the_o norman_a conqueror_n be_v the_o english_a and_o the_o norman_n so_o entire_o unite_v that_o they_o seem_v one_o nation_n and_o one_o people_n without_o any_o difference_n or_o distinction_n of_o respect_n and_o honour_n as_o dido_n promise_v the_o trojan_n tros_n tyriusque_fw-la mihi_fw-la nullo_n discrimine_fw-la agetur_fw-la which_o may_v more_o effectual_o be_v apply_v to_o he_o for_o he_o and_o his_o progeny_n reign_v over_o they_o so_o unite_v for_o the_o space_n of_o five_o hundred_o year_n the_o next_o border_v principality_n to_o england_n be_v wales_n and_o therefore_o first_o in_o order_n by_o the_o english_a to_o be_v conquer_v according_a to_o the_o roman_a example_n as_o indeed_o it_o be_v a_o stout_a and_o hardy_a nation_n bellicosissima_fw-la gens_fw-la as_o cambden_n and_o indeed_o the_o relic_n of_o the_o ancient_a britan_n who_o because_o they_o will_v not_o subject_v themselves_o to_o the_o tyranny_n of_o the_o saxous_a as_o the_o other_o english_a do_v be_v force_v by_o their_o arm_n to_o retreat_v into_o the_o western_a region_n of_o that_o island_n for_o refuge_n surround_v with_o the_o muniment_n of_o nature_n as_o mountain_n and_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o ancient_o be_v call_v cambria_n as_o the_o people_n at_o this_o present_a cambro-britauni_a in_o so_o much_o as_o the_o saxon_n be_v unable_a by_o their_o force_n to_o make_v way_n unto_o they_o and_o to_o overcome_v they_o and_o though_o by_o some_o of_o the_o saxon_a king_n a_o ditch_n of_o a_o wonderful_a work_n be_v frame_v which_o be_v call_v king_n offa_n his_o ditch_n by_o which_o they_o divide_v that_o country_n from_o england_n and_o call_v they_o walshmen_n that_o be_v to_o say_v unto_o they_o stranger_n yet_o do_v they_o continual_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n spoil_n and_o depopulate_v their_o field_n and_o city_n and_o when_o the_o heptarchy_n of_o the_o saxon_n be_v devolve_v into_o a_o monarchy_n can_v they_o only_o by_o athelstane_n that_o victorious_a king_n be_v make_v tributary_n nay_o william_n the_o conqueror_n the_o terror_n of_o his_o time_n cujus_fw-la nomen_fw-la as_o william_n of_o westminster_n exterae_fw-la &_o remotae_fw-la gentes_fw-la timebant_fw-la who_o ruin_n and_o downfall_n the_o welsh_a also_o conspire_v and_o therefore_o as_o the_o say_v william_n say_v though_o he_o raise_v a_o copious_a army_n against_o the_o welsh_a with_o a_o intention_n to_o subject_v they_o to_o his_o sword_n as_o he_o have_v do_v the_o english_a yet_o do_v he_o meâ—â—_n with_o such_o martial_a resistance_n that_o he_o be_v content_a to_o accept_v of_o their_o homage_n with_o faithful_a hostage_n to_o pay_v he_o tribute_n though_o after_o upon_o their_o restless_a commotion_n he_o place_v divers_a of_o his_o norman_a nobility_n upon_o the_o confine_n towards_o wales_n and_o give_v a_o power_n unto_o the_o person_n thus_o place_v to_o make_v such_o conquest_n on_o the_o welsh_a as_o they_o by_o their_o own_o strength_n can_v accomplish_v whereby_o divers_a of_o those_o part_n be_v win_v by_o the_o sword_n from_o the_o welshman_n which_o be_v plant_v with_o english_a colony_n and_o call_v baron_n march_n which_o though_o his_o son_n william_n rufus_n second_v yet_o be_v it_o a_o great_a glory_n for_o he_o only_o to_o conquer_v the_o shire_n of_o pembroke_n which_o be_v a_o very_a ancient_a shire_n of_o wales_n so_o as_o this_o parcel_n of_o this_o island_n call_v wales_n be_v no_o parcel_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n but_o be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o same_o and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o realm_n of_o itself_o not_o govern_v by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n 192._o ployd_a com._n 192._o as_o the_o book_n of_o the_o law_n of_o this_o realm_n do_v testify_v yet_o nevertheless_o afterward_o be_v the_o same_o dominion_n of_o wales_n hold_v in_o chief_a and_o in_o fee_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o the_o prince_n thereof_o be_v then_o of_o their_o own_o nation_n be_v compellable_n upon_o summons_n to_o appear_v in_o
have_v the_o benefic_n of_o the_o english_a law_n for_o thing_n do_v in_o wales_n as_o the_o english_a shall_v have_v for_o thing_n do_v in_o england_n and_o by_o a_o quodei_fw-la deforceat_fw-la the_o welsh_a shall_v take_v advantage_n of_o all_o action_n real_a aswell_o give_v by_o the_o common_a law_n as_o the_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n vide_fw-la com._n ployd_v beckleys_n case_n fo._n 128._o fo._n 129._o and_o besides_o because_o the_o welsh_a use_n a_o speech_n nothing_o like_o or_o consonant_a to_o the_o mother_n tongue_n use_v within_o this_o realm_n &_o that_o some_o rude_a and_o ignorant_a people_n do_v make_v a_o distinction_n and_o diversity_n between_o the_o subject_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o other_o whereby_o great_a division_n &_o variance_n do_v grow_v between_o the_o say_a people_n as_o in_o the_o preamble_n of_o the_o say_a act_n be_v express_v therefore_o more_o natural_o toconjoyn_v those_o dissonant_n nation_n as_o well_o by_o language_n as_o by_o law_n it_o be_v also_o by_o that_o statute_n enact_v that_o none_o that_o use_v the_o welsh_a language_n shall_v enjoy_v any_o office_n or_o fee_n within_o the_o king_n dominion_n but_o shall_v forfeit_v they_o unless_o they_o use_v the_o english_a language_n by_o which_o exception_n the_o welshman_n who_o before_o much_o glory_v in_o the_o antiquity_n and_o simplicity_n of_o their_o british_a language_n be_v stir_v on_o to_o bend_v their_o study_n and_o practice_n to_o the_o knowledge_n and_o pronunciation_n of_o the_o english_a dialect_n to_o the_o propriety_n of_o which_o most_o of_o they_o within_o few_o year_n attain_v and_o at_o this_o day_n general_o affect_v and_o use_v it_o with_o delight_n which_o have_v be_v a_o instrumental_a mean_n of_o a_o more_o amicable_a union_n between_o these_o two_o nation_n and_o for_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o law_n it_o be_v ordain_v that_o the_o county_n of_o monmouth_n former_o be_v a_o shire_n of_o wales_n shall_v be_v govern_v from_o thenceforth_o in_o like_a manner_n &_o by_o the_o same_o ludge_n as_o other_o shire_n of_o england_n be_v and_o for_o the_o other_o tâ—_n ell_n shire_n a_o special_a jurisdiction_n and_o officer_n be_v ordain_v yet_o in_o substance_n agreeable_a after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o english_a law_n and_o final_o by_o that_o statute_n gavelkind_a and_o all_o other_o sinister_a custom_n of_o wales_n be_v abolish_v but_o all_o custom_n which_o be_v reasonable_a and_o agreeable_a to_o any_o custom_n of_o england_n preserve_v for_o by_o the_o same_o statute_n it_o be_v provide_v that_o a_o commission_n shall_v issue_v to_o examine_v the_o welsh_a custom_n and_o that_o those_o that_o shall_v be_v find_v reasonable_a upon_o a_o certificate_n of_o the_o say_a commissioner_n shall_v be_v allow_v davis_n rep._n f._n 40._o and_o according_o whereas_o there_o be_v a_o custom_n in_o denbigh_n that_o a_o feme_fw-fr covert_n with_o her_o husband_n may_v alien_a land_n by_o surrender_n and_o examination_n in_o court_n wray_n and_o dyer_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o shall_v bind_v the_o feme_fw-fr and_o heir_n of_o the_o feme_fw-fr as_o a_o fine_a though_o the_o feme_fw-fr after_o issue_n make_v such_o a_o alienation_n and_o die_v and_o the_o reason_n there_o give_v why_o the_o custom_n be_v not_o take_v away_o be_v for_o that_o it_o be_v reasonable_a and_o agreeable_a to_o some_o custom_n in_o england_n for_o the_o assurance_n of_o purchaser_n for_o the_o title_n of_o the_o act_n be_v for_o law_n and_o justice_n to_o be_v minister_v in_o like_a form_n as_o in_o this_o realm_n vide_fw-la dyer_n 363._o pl._n 26._o in_o like_a manner_n be_v it_o hold_v 19_o eliz._n dyer_n f._n 345._o pl._n 13._o that_n whereas_o before_o the_o subjection_n of_o wales_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n a_o man_n do_v hold_v land_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n by_o service_n to_o go_v in_o his_o war_n it_o be_v no_o tenure_n of_o which_o the_o common_a law_n may_v take_v notice_n for_o the_o principality_n of_o wales_n be_v not_o govern_v by_o the_o common_a law_n but_o be_v a_o dominion_n of_o itself_o and_o have_v their_o proper_a law_n and_o custom_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n when_o that_o country_n be_v reduce_v under_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n such_o tenure_n as_o be_v of_o the_o person_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n can_v not_o become_v a_o capiteâ—enure_n â—enure_z of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o this_o manner_n and_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o the_o say_a act_n of_o 27._o h._n 8._o be_v the_o welsh_a nation_n and_o the_o english_a more_o entire_o unite_v by_o low_v then_o before_o of_o which_o union_n ensue_v a_o great_a peace_n tranquillity_n and_o civility_n and_o infinite_a good_a to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n of_o wales_n and_o so_o continue_v during_o the_o reign_n of_o six_o succeed_a king_n and_o queen_n until_o the_o horrid_a and_o irreconcilable_a war_n break_v out_o between_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n wherein_o the_o welsh_a upon_o change_n be_v always_o changeling_n in_o the_o beginning_n levy_v force_n in_o defence_n of_o the_o parliament_n against_o the_o king_n in_o which_o war_n though_o a_o prosperous_a event_n succeed_v the_o royal_a brigade_n be_v total_o vanquish_v and_o the_o king_n himself_o under_o the_o power_n of_o the_o army_n yet_o assume_v they_o unto_o themselves_o their_o ancient_a animosity_n and_o be_v possess_v with_o a_o conceit_n that_o they_o be_v never_o conquer_v but_o by_o composition_n now_o adventure_v once_o more_o to_o make_v trial_n of_o their_o british_a valour_n under_o the_o commission_n of_o prince_n charles_n and_o under_o the_o command_n of_o major_a general_n rowland_n laughorn_n colonel_n rice_n powel_n and_o colonel_n john_n poyer_n who_o before_o have_v be_v commander_n for_o the_o parliament_n and_o in_o a_o warlike_a and_o hostile_a manner_n possess_v themselves_o of_o divers_a garrison_n and_o town_n against_o the_o parliament_n and_o laughorn_n be_v a_o general_n of_o great_a esteem_n in_o those_o part_n raise_v a_o army_n which_o in_o a_o small_a time_n increase_v to_o the_o number_n of_o 8000_o horse_n and_o foot_n which_o by_o colonel_n horton_n who_o be_v send_v by_o the_o parliament_n to_o suppress_v that_o insurrection_n through_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o almighty_a be_v total_o rout_v a_o great_a slaughter_n commit_v and_o three_o thousand_o prisoner_n take_v with_o all_o their_o ammunition_n a_o happy_a victory_n for_o the_o parliament_n their_o force_n consist_v mere_o of_o three_o thousand_o man_n and_o a_o disastrous_a commencement_n for_o the_o welsh_a who_o nevertheless_o persist_v in_o their_o resolution_n for_o laughorn_n and_o powel_n escape_v by_o flight_n get_v to_o poyer_n into_o lembroke_a castle_n who_o before_o keep_v that_o strong_a hold_v for_o the_o parliament_n and_o now_o have_v fortify_v it_o with_o a_o company_n of_o malignant_n with_o great_a courage_n maintain_v it_o against_o they_o so_o great_a be_v the_o danger_n and_o difficult_a the_o enterprise_n that_o lieutenant_n general_n cromwell_n himself_o be_v send_v with_o some_o regiment_n into_o wales_n to_o impede_fw-la the_o welsh_a as_o well_o from_o rally_v &_o collect_v their_o fugitive_n and_o disperse_a force_n as_o to_o dispossess_v they_o of_o the_o town_n garrison_n and_o castle_n they_o have_v treacherous_o surprise_v who_o first_o resolve_v to_o besiage_n chepstow_n castle_n but_o hasten_v to_o pembroke_n which_o be_v more_o considerable_a he_o leave_v colonel_n ewer_n there_o who_o within_o fifteen_o day_n take_v that_o castle_n and_o slay_v kemish_n to_o who_o before_o it_o have_v be_v betray_v but_o pembroke_n castle_n be_v not_o so_o facile_a to_o be_v vanquish_v and_o by_o poyer_n deem_v impregnable_a who_o rely_v on_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o place_n refuse_v all_o condition_n â—he_n cromwell_n not_o endure_v the_o repulse_n with_o a_o assure_a confidence_n besiege_v it_o and_o through_o the_o accommodation_n of_o sir_n ceorge_n ascue_n who_o furnish_v he_o with_o great_a gun_n from_o the_o seâ—_n and_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o a_o siege_n force_v foyer_n and_o laugâ—orn_v at_o the_o last_o be_v bring_v to_o extremist_n though_o it_o have_v be_v long_a stouth_n maintain_v by_o they_o to_o surrender_v and_o deliver_v up_o the_o castle_n without_o condition_n render_v themselves_o prisoner_n at_o mercy_n for_o which_o delivery_n by_o order_n of_o parliament_n public_a thanksgiving_n to_o god_n be_v solemnize_v and_o why_o shall_v i_o now_o expostulate_v the_o question_n with_o the_o welsh_a whether_o they_o ever_o be_v conquer_v by_o the_o english_a when_o as_o now_o the_o best_a and_o most_o know_v of_o they_o have_v ingenious_o acknowledge_v that_o they_o be_v never_o conquer_v before_o jamque_fw-la habemus_fw-la confitentes_fw-la victos_fw-la but_o what_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v the_o cause_n why_o the_o insurrection_n of_o the_o welsh_a be_v so_o frequent_a but_o