did this Pagan Relique last but till the time of Constantine the Great 's Conversion and that he totally abolish'd their impious Rites for until then we meet both that renowned Emperor and his Sons with Radiations and flattered with Consecrations Nor truly was it since wholly so laid aside but that several of his Successors made bold to put them on again and wear them in their Medals and Medalions as far as down to Arcadius Honorius and lower yet among the Greeks where we meet them with a certain Nimbus or Glory about their Heads as in Monkish Manuscripts and antient Altar-Pieces we find the Saints depicted It is indeed reported as if Constantine even after he had embrac'd the Christian Faith ordered the Radiant Crown to be set on that famous Porphyritic Column which he caus'd to be transported to his new Rome from the old and I remember Philostorgius tells us that besides Wax Tapers there was both Victims and Sacrifices offered to it Ex Vales. in Philostorg excerp even by some superstitious Christians but the Credit of that Historian we know is not over-great That they set up lights nay and kneeling before it imploring help and healing of their Infirmities both Photius Theodorit and Nicephorus affirm whilst as to the other the mistake has been discovered that Statue having been made long before by the hand of the famous Phidias to represent Apollo and by no means for that Religious Emperor tho he honored it with his Name after he had caus'd to be inclosed within it as they write some of the Nails which his Mother Helen is we know reported to have miraculously discovered with the real Cross some time before But to dispatch this matter we do not only in Medals meet with Princes Radiant like Gods but with all other circumstances of Deity So Iulian was represented like Serapis and others we find often in their company Apollo in the Reverses of Augustus Domitian with Pallas with Commodus Hercules Hadrian with Romulus Maximianus with Mars Dioclesian with Iupiter c. And as these haughty Emperors so their Empresses Daughters Neeces and Misses to be sure would come in for their share affecting the Garb Attire and Symbola of Goddesses and sometime Priestesses as did Antonia the Wife of Drusus Nero. Pliny mentions an amorous Painter who drew all his Mistresses to represent some Deess for which Iustin Martyr reproaches the Pagans worshipping their Courtezans What would that holy Man now have said to those Christians who not only set up and inthrone their Misses Pictures over their Altars to represent the B. Virgin with the Babe in her Arms but kneel and pay their Devotions to them But so Painters with Poetic liberty Quidlibet Audendi set up and inshrine these fair sinners as so many Idols And thus we have Cleopatra dress'd like Diana Sabina the Wife of Hadrian like to Iuno Faustina with Venus as in another rare Medal we see her mounted upon a Pegasus carrying her up to the Clouds and so of others all of them marks of Deification for such in Medals are those who appear veil'd and with Stars Altars Temples and Eagles perching on them Peacocks the Phoenix Elephants Mules and Chariots drawn by Lions and the like Let us now descend again to the Barbarous The Parthian Armenian and Persian Monarchs had their distinct Crowns some of which resembl'd the Episcopal Miter or Thiara Nor was it new since there are Medals that present us Cesar and others of the Emperors arrogating pontifical Dignity and sacerdotal Offices with their veil'd Heads us'd by both Sexes and not seldom with the Lituus Patera Sistrum Silphium and other sacred Utensils and Characters of Priestly Function and Augurie Mercuries Petasus was wing'd Vulcan and the Cyclops Caps were without brim and Castor and Pollux had a Star by them The Phrygian Bonet was what the Polonians use at present or rather the Venetians Doge Nor seldom meet we both sexes Headed shall I say or Hooded with the spoils of Lions Wolves and Panthers some with the Tusks and Promuscis of an Elephant others in Casks cristed with the Horns of Rams Goats Bulls and other Animals of the Herd which now and then are wing'd denoting fortitude terror sublimity of Mind expedition in Affairs or the Monsters they had subdu'd which divers Hero's and Emperors would be represented by in imitation of Alcides the brawny Commodus fancying himself descended from him Iupiter Hammon and others of the Gods and Goddesses For as to Horns which at this day but to name alone in Spain would indanger ones Life but which the most illustrious of the German Families and noblest bear so frequently on their Cimiers and Crests it seems the Cornuted Head was no such Character and Mark of Ignominy as the learned Spanheim shews in that Passage of his excellent Work De usu Praestantia Numismatum which tho not so very pertinent to our Argument is yet very entertaining and worthy a curious Reader To conclude and before we leave the Imperial Diadem we shall find some even among our Saxon Kings wearing the Regal Circle after the manner of the Greeks Edward the Confessor had of early days a Barr'd Crown but most conspicuous is that of Edward the Fourth How would a neighbour Monarch have boasted this whose Predecessor Lewis the Twelfth had but a single Bar Arch'd over his Crown about the year 1500 wearing only a Cap or Bonnet before as testifie his Coins stamp'd at Milan Genoa Naples c. till he Marry'd our Henry the Eighths Sister who afterwards Espoused Charles Brandon Henry the Third brought the clos'd Crown into Poland soon imitated by the Swedes Philip of Spain took it not till after his Marriage with Queen Mary of England and Maximilian Grandfather to Charles the Fifth and Great Grandfather of Philip first wore an Arch over a Ducal Coronet A little after which Iames the Fourth upon his Marriage with Margarite Daughter to our Henry the Seventh Barr'd the Crown of Scotland and the Kings of Denmark not until after Christian IV. made his Brotherly Visit to our King Iames the First But that of Portugal was first worn by Iohn Bragança late Father to the most Serene and virtuous Queen Dowager From all which instances it appears that the Monarchs of England were of the First in Christendom that pretended to the Arched Crown And as for the French till their First Francis they were for the most part contented with an open Flowry Bordure only little different from the Ducal Coronet which some of the Saxons had of Silver and others wore the copped Helmet as Cnutus the Great Miter-like But more of Crowns see in a Disseration of M. de Cange Whilst by the way we cannot but take notice of what we meet with in the famous Donative pretended to be from the Great Constantine wherein among other particulars which Impostors would obtrude on the World for authentic but which has unluckily discover'd the fraud this is one
for any other great Persons in this Queens Reign than which none since it was a Nation had greater and wiser men managing Publick Affairs I find one onely Medal with the Arms of Sackvil within the Garter c. Superscribed T. SACKVIL B. D. BUCH Ang. Thes. Eq. Aurat Reverse There was another of R. Cecil Ld. Treas also with a Reverse of his Arms only a Lyon SEMPER FIDELIS 1602. in which Year that most Renowned Queen departed this Life and made room for her Successor King Iames I. The first Monarch of Great Britain whom we behold in his Imperial Robes Ihrone and Titles JACOBVS D. G. MAG BRIT FRAN. ET HIB REX Reverse the Arms of Great Britain placed in the middle of a large Rose just like to that we described already of Q. Mary and with the same Inscription which I therefore omit it was coin'd in Gold only and sometimes though rarely receiv'd as Money Another in Silver XVIII the King's Effigies depicted in a narrow taling Band a Laurel about his Head Bust Arm'd JAC. I. BRIT CAE AVG. HAE CAESARVM CAE D. D. Reverse a Lyon Rampant Crown'd holding a Beacon on fire in his Paw a Wheat-sheaf in his left ECCE PHAOS POPVLIQ SALVS This Medal is said by Scaliger to have been scattered as a Largess at his Coronation Scaligerandâ— but was afterwards it seems call'd in and re-coin'd whether for the Caesar Caesarum which that Critic a little ridicules or for what other Cause I pretend not to judge XIX Effigies JACOBVS DG MAG BRIT FRAN. ET HIBâ— REX Reverse HENRICVS ROSAS JACOBVS REGNA alluding to the Union of the two Houses of York and Lancaster represented by the Red and White Rose on which Iohn Owen bestows a Witty Epigram Lib. 3. Effigies JAC. I. TOTIVS INS BRIT IMP. ET FRANC. ET HIB REX Reverse The Kings Arms Crown'd JVGI CONCORDIA FLORENT Another in Silver XXI The King on Horseback JACOBVS SEXTVS REX SCOTORVM Reverse a Hand from Heaven holding a Sword pointing up to a Crown with that Worthy Saying of the Emperour Trajan delivering a Sword to the Pretor PER. ME. SI MEREOR IN. ME. But this I suppose must have been struck in Scotland as perhaps might that which follows being the only Medal I have seen of that Hopeful and Beloved Prince Henry XXII Effigies in full-Face Arm'd to the Bust. HENRICVS PRINCEPS Reverse his Arms with the Label and Coronet over it Beams out of the Clouds FAX MENTIS HONESTAE GLORIA agreeable to his Magnanimous and Princely Mind XXIII This Medal of his Mother Queen Ann for the Elegancy of the Dress and that it is Rare c. ANNA D. G. REGINA MAG BRIT FR. ET HIB FILIA ET SOROR REGV DANIAE Reverse the Arms of Denmark with two Scutcheons of Pretence under a Coronet About the Circle ASTVTIA FALLAX TVTIOR INNOCENTIA XIV CHARLES the First His Effigies Crown'd Vested in the Garter Robes Collar and Ruff. CAROLVS I. D. G. MAG BRITAN FRAN. ET HIB REX Reverse An Arm out of the Clouds arm'd and holding a Sword DONEC PAX REDDITA TERRIS Exurge CORON 2. FEB 1626. Being for ought I have seen the onely Inauguration-Medal XXV The King's Effigies as in the former CAROLVS I. DG ANG SCOT FRAN. ET HIB REX FIDEI DEFâ— Reverse The Atchievement or Arms of his Kingdoms in the same Escutcheon In another joyn'd to it the Arms of France Crowned between the Points or Base of the Shield the Queen's Cypher Crown'd HENER MAR. BORBON D. G. MAG BRIT FRAN. ET HIB REG. XXVI The King in his Ruff George in a Ribbon about his Neck looking on the Queen drest in her Hair curl'd up short with something like a knot of Ribbons on the top about her shoulders a Band or Gorget plaited and standing up spred like a Fan a Necklace of Pearl another rope of Pearl above hanging down before her Breast Clouds and a Glory over their heads CH. MAG ET HEN. MA. BRIT REX ET REG. Reverse Cupid strewing Flowers Roses and Lilies Clouds and Rays above Exurge 1625. About the Circle FVNDIT AMOR. LILIA MIXTA ROSIS This appears to have been a Nuptial Medal There is yet one more struck three Years after which since by the Date it might perhaps have been upon Occasion of an Expedition for the relief of Rochel I here subjoin XXVII Effigies K. Charles I. in complete Armor on Horseback much like our fairest Half-Crown Pieces of his Reign the Inscription alter'd O. REX DA. FACILEM CVRSVM Reverse The Arms of England Scotland France and Ireland within an Oval Shield crown'd the Year of our Lord 1628. About the Circle ATQVE AVDACIBVS ANNVE COEPTIS upon a second Attempt to have reliev'd that City fatal to the Great Duke of Buckingham To this I subjoin another small Medal XXVIII The King Bust bare-headed in his Ruff. CAR. D. G. ANG SCO FRAN. ET HIB REX Reverse the Scepter and Trident lying cross and bound together by a loose Knot REGIT VNVS VTROQVE Another XXIX Effigies Naked to the Breast crown'd with Laurel his left Lock of Hair appearing as then the Mode was to wear it longer than the other and which Fashion his Majesty kept till the Civil War began CAROLVS I. D. G. ANGL SCOT FR. ET HIB REX Reverse Three Crowns in a Knot of as many Bowes VNIT AE INVICT AE Another XXXI Effigies Crown'd in the Garter Robes wearing a Falling Band which new Mode succeeded the cumbersom Ruff but neither did the Bishops or Iudges give it over so soon the Lord Keeper Finch being I think the very first CAROLVS D. G. SCOTIAE ANGLIAE FR. ET HIB REX In this Scottish Coronation Medal are both the Orders that of the Garter and of the Thistle Reverse HINC NOSTRAE CREVERE ROSAE by that prudent Match of Margarite Daughter of Henry VII Married to Iames IV. of Scotland Uniting the White and Red Roses Exurge CORON 18. lunii 1633. To this I add another in whose Reverse is the Thistle only as growing out of the Ground XXXI After which returning out of Scotland we see the King on Horseback Crown'd and in complete Armor pointing with his Commanding-staff to a Providential Eye in the Clouds CAROLVS AVGVSTISS ET INVICTISS MAG BRIT FRAN. ET HIB MONARCHA Reverse The Sun in his Meridian over the City of London SOL. ORBEM REDIENS SIC REX ILLVMINAT VERBEM 1633. We do not Insert such Medals as were struck upon the Nuptials of the Lady Mary Daughter of England and her Illustrious Husband Son of the Valiant Wife and Fortunate Henry Frederic Prince of Orange c. hapning in those Intervals already set forth But return to this Triumphant Medal representing this glorious Cavalcade following not many years after which my self beheld with the Universal Acclamations of then the Happiest People under Heaven A short Parliament following and a too long one after it shewed quam breves Populi Romani amores and
Reverse It was but a little before this that having prevail'd on the Weakness of Fairfax who had been hitherto the Tool and Journeyman he first made himself General and by the same Arts of Dissimulation and Ambition still culminating Usurps the Regal Authority under the name of Protector and strikes Medals in the following Style His Effigies Caesar-like Crown'd with Laurel XL. OLIVARIVS DEI. GRA. REIPVB ANGLIAE SCO ET HIB PROTECTOR Reverse A Lyon supporting or rather grasping the Arms of the New Commonwealth as then call'd Inscribed PAX QVAERITVR BELLO In another XLI OLIVAR D. G. ANG SCO ET HIB PRO. c. Reverse With the Usurper's Paternal Coat within a Scutcheon of Pretence between St. George's St. Andrew's Crosses and the Harp under the Imperial Crown of England PAX QVAERITVR BELLO 1658. And insolently about the Rimb NEMO HAS NISI PERITVRVS MIHI ADIMAT For so Confident was this Bold Man of Establishing himself and Posterity having now Killed and taken Possession that his Presumptuous Son stampt another Medal XLII Representing his Father in Arms and Titles as above Reverse An Olive Tree and a Shepherd with his Flock feeding under it NON DEFICIET OLIVA Sep. 3. 1658. But this Scourge being at last taken away the rotten Foundation quickly sinking not able to sustain the incumbent weight they fell into Confusion and Intanglements among themselves when God Almighty call'd one from the North to revenge the Injured and Reâ—ettle this disordered and miserably shaken Frame on its genuine and steady Basis again Let therefore the Memory of that Illustrious HERO live in the Annals of our History and the Medal which presents us his Effigies No Inscription about the Head Reverse GEORGIVS MVNK OMNIVM COPIARVM IN. ANGLIA SCOTIA ET HIBERNIA DVX SVPREMVS ET THALASSARCHA Aetat 52. And Worthily he Merited all the Honours that were Conferred upon him who had restored a Nation with an Exiled and an Injur'd Prince CHARLES the Second During whose Reign and Royal Brothers succeeding him Medals and Medalions were struck for Largeness Design and Excellent Workmanship equalling many that we have left us of the Antient Greek and Roman by those rare Artists the Rotis We do not reckon those Natalitian and Auguration Pieces of theirs with several others struck upon Emergencies whilst the Royal Family was Eclipsed and during the Civil War but as they are Estimable for the History I begin with XLIV IN. HONOR CARO PRINC MAG BRI. FR. ET HIB NATI May. 29. ANN. 1630. Reverse The Arms of England Scotland France and Ireland in several Shields with the Star that then appear'd at Noon-day radiating from the Centre of the Medal Inscrib'd HACTENVS ANGLORVM NVLLI As indeed being the very first Prince excepting one that died an Infant that was ever Born Heir to Great Britain There is another without a Star of the same Inscrib'd within a square and a Third better wrought wherein the Shield is Crown'd with a Prince's Coronet Motto as above but XLV The Reverse differing MEM. CAROLI PRIN. MAGN. BRITANN FRANC. HIBERN NATI XXIX MAII BAPTIZ IVN. M. DC.XXX.S Another XLVI Charles I. in Honour of the Installation of our late Sovereign CHARLES II. caused some Emblematic Medals to be stamp'd with the Royal Oak under a Princes Coronet overspreading subnascent Trees and young Suckers SERIS FACTVRA NEPOTIBVS VMBRAM Reverse The Legend on the Table of the Medal within the Garter of the Order CAROL M.B. REGIS FILIVS CAROL PRINC INAVGVRATVR XXII MAII MDCXXXIIX Another The Prince in Bust full-fac'd in the Garter Robes and Cap. CAROLVS PRIN. MA BR NOB. ORD GART MILES 22. Maii 1638. Reverse The Prince of Wales's Arms within the Garter and on the outward Circle MAGNI SPES MAGNA PARENTIS XLVIII There is yet one more in which the King his Father in Bust Arm'd and Crown'd CAROLVS I.D.G. ANGL SCOT FR. ET HIBER REX Reverse The Prince on Horseback behind the Arms of the Prince of Wales c. ILLVST CAROLVS PRINCEPS WALLIAE Under the Horse Two C's link'd together between Palm branches and Laurel Besides these I find not any other Medals though some there may have been struck ' til after his Royal Father's Martyrdom when I meet with one Lozeng'd and two Octogone Obsidional Pieces circumscrib'd XLXIX. OBS. NEWARK 1646. Reverse The Crown of England and under XXX L. CAROL II. D. G. MAG B. F ET H. REX Under a Crown HANC DEVS DEDIT 1648. Reverse Pontfract Castle over which these Letters P. C. and on the side OBS. Epigraph POST MORTEM PATRIS PRO. FILIO LI. Another much like the former with an Hand coming out of the Toures holding a naked Sword on the other side OBS. and under it 1648. Revers'd with a Crown over C.R. Inscribed DVM SPIRO SPERO For it seems Lieutenant Col. Morris and Cornet Blackburn had bravely held it out as long as there were any Hopes of being Reliev'd We proceed next to such as were stamp'd upon and after the stupendious Revolution of 1660. which his Majesty gratefully acknowledges magnifying the Almighty Disposer in the following Medals LII The Arms of England Crown'd PROBASTI ME. DOMINE SICVT ARGENTVM Reverse MAGNA OPERA DOMINI 1660. LIII The Kings Effigies Crown'd with Laurel CAROLVS II. REX Reverse The Arms of the Four Kingdoms in separate Shields The Kings Cypher interlaid and Crown'd with a Star in the Center MAGNALIA DEI. 1660. LIV. And in a Medalion of the largest size exquisitely designed his Majesty's Effigies Caesar-like to the Breast CAROLVS SECVNDVS D. G. MAG BRIT FRAN. ET HIB REX Reverse Iustitia holding the Fasces with the Balance in her left hand and with her right delivering the Olive branch to Britannia sitting under a Cliff by the Sea shore with a Spear in one hand and the Union-Shield in the other Pallas Hercules and Fame standing by An Angel over all with a Palm and beneath FELICITAS BRITANNIAE 29. MAY. 1660. Alluding to that of the Royal Prophet Mercy and Truth are met together Iustice and Peace have kiss'd each other The Effects of which express'd in the following Medalion LV. The Kings Effigies in short Hair à la Romain Antique OPTIMO PRINCIPI CAROLO II. D.G.M. BRIT FRAN. ET HIB REGI Phil. Roti Reverse Incomparably representing a Matron half-Veil'd sitting and holding a naked Sword and Cornucopia in her right hand in her left a Book opened in which is written FIDES Under her feet LIBERTAS Inscription about the Circle FIDEI DEFENSORIS RELIGIONIS REFORMATAE PROTECTORI About the Rimb ARCHITECTVRAE NAVALIS ET MONETAE INSTAVRATORI Nor indeed could less have been said of a Prince the most knowing in Naval Affairs and vigilant to Improve and Maintain the Safety and Glory of these Kingdoms in its highest and chiefest Concern which is certainly its Strength at Sea and appears to be the glorious Design now set on foot of a truly Royal Foundation at Greenwich deserving a Thousand Medals LVI The King in Bust Garter Robes
and Coller Crown'd CAROLVS II. D. G. ANG SCO FR. ET HI REX Reverse The King sitting in his Robes and Crown'd holding the Scepter An Angel touching the Crown with his right hand in his left a Branch of Olive EVERSO MISSVS SVCCVRERE SECLO XXIII APR. 1661. LVII Effigies Crown'd and in the Coller of the Order CAROLVS II. D.G. MAG BRI. FRA. ET HI REX CORONATVS Reverse The King at length in a Roman Sagum standing with a Pastoral Crook like a Shepherd in the middle of his Flock feeding DIXI CVSTODIAM XXIV APRIL 1661. All things now secure and in happy Peace both at Home and Abroad is expressed in this following Medal LVIII Effigies to the Shoulder short Hair CAROLO SECVNDO P.R. Reverse A Lyon Couchant-dormant over him QVIESCIT Exurg BRITAN LIX King in Peruke Laureat Bust à la Romain CAROLVS II. D.G.M. BR FR. ET H. REX Reverse A Ship under sail NOS PENES IMPERIVM His Majesty had now Espoused the most Serene and Virtuous Infanta of Portugal who bringing the greatest Portion both in Territories and Treasure that did ever any Queen of England before deserv'd the Celebration of the following Medal LX. The King and Queens Effigies c. CAROLVS ET CATHARINA REX ET REGINA Reverse A Terrestrial Globe representing Europe Africa with part of Asia and America DIFFVSVS IN. ORBE BRITANNVS 1670. Another thus LXI His Majesty's Effigies Laurel c. CAROLVS II. D. G. MAG BRIT FRAN. ET HIB REX Reverse Her Majesty's Head Inscrib'd CATHER D. G. MAG BRIT FRAN. ET HIB REGINA There is another of a larger size rarely Insculp'd with the Queens Effigies LXII CATHARINA D.G. MAG BRI. FRAN. ET HIB REGINA Reverse The Figure of St. Catharine at length holding a Sword point down in her left hand a Palm in the right and standing by the broken Wheel PIETATE INSIGNIS LXIII This Medal of St. Catharine standing on a Shield with a Reverse of Fame holding a Branch of Olive Inscrib'd PROVINCIA CONNAGH together with the next seem to have relation to Ireland LXIV Where a Crown'd King is as we picture David playing on the Harp over which the Crown of England FLOREAT REX Reverse A Mitred Bishop or St. Patrick holding a double Cross and standing between a Church and a Serpent which he seems to drive away QVIESCAT PLEBS is I think Irish Coin LXV The Kings Head without any Ornament CAROLO SECVNDO Reverse A Rose full-blown upon the growing Bush. ANTE OMNES. Returning to the King LXVI A very noble Medalion in Bust short Hair and Roman-like AVGVSTISS CAROLO SECVNDO P. P. Reverse Prudentia with Pallas supporting upon an Altar a Shield in which there is represented Britannia about whom stand Pax Hercules Mercurius and Abundantia the last a cumbent Figure with this Inscription NVLLVM NVMEN ABEST Exurge BRITANNIA In another LXVII CAROLVS II. D. G. MAG BRI. FRAN. ET HIB REX Reverse Pallas sitting on a Bank with a Spear in her left hand piercing Envy under foot and pointing with her right hand to this Inscription INVIDIA MAIOR But all these being Fruits and Productions of Peace and Prosperity were sometimes interrupted by those unhappy Mistakes and Disputes with our Neighbours which caus'd his Majesty to turn his Thoughts on his Concerns at Sea and to assert his Undoubted Title on that Element according to the various Successes whereof there were struck the following Medals Head Crown'd with Laurel Inscribed CAROLVS II. D. G. M. BR FR. ET HIB REX Reverse The King in a Chariot ET PONTVS SERVIET 1665. This appears to be at the beginning of the first War Another noble Medalion of the largest size LXIX Head in Peruke bound with a Laurel c. CAROLVS SECVNDVS DEI. GRATIA MAG BRI. FRAN. ET HIB REX ◠Reverse The King at length in the Roman Military Habit and Paludamentum standing under a Cliff with a Battoon or Commanding-staff in his right hand and pointing towards the Sea where a Fleet is represented ingag'd and one of the Ships sinking Exurge PRO. TALIBVS AVSIS Which Medal was doubtless for an honorary Badge to such as had most signally behav'd themselves There is another of the same design in short Hair and which I here subjoin LXX Effigies in Bust Crown'd with Laurel CAROLVS SECVNDVS DEI. GRATIA MAG BRIT FRAN. ET HIBER REX Reverse Britannia sitting by the Shoar under a Rock holding in her right hand a Spear and the Arms of Great Britain in a Shield with her left hand looking towards a Fleet at Sea the Sun shining and dissipating the Clouds FAVENTE DEO Exurg BRITANNIA About the Rimb CAROLVS SECVNDVS PACIS ET IMPERII RESTITVTOR AVGVSTVS And indeed it is a most August Medalion however less well perform'd by the Graver here LXXI A fair Medalion of his Majesty's Head Laureat c. CAROLVS SECVNDVS DEI. GRATIA MAG BRI. FRAN. ET HIB REX Reverse The King in the Roman Military habit standing on a square Pedestal ascended by six round Steps and holding a naked Sword with his left hand point downward in his right a Commanding staff the Sea behind him full of Ships sailing to and fro REDEANT COMMERCIA FLANDRIS 1666. Neither is a far less remarkable Medal both in respect of the Stamp and Inscription to be here omitted struck about this time flagrante bello contending for this glorious Dominion at Sea LXXII The Kings Effigies Crown'd with Laurel c. CAROLVS A. CAROLO 1665. Reverse Britannia sitting as usually represented About the Circle QVATVOR MARIA VINDICO Underneath BRITANNIA It being therefore upon the greatest Importance of these Kingdoms Concerns at Sea that his Majesty Founded a Seminary at Christ-Church for the Institution of Children who should be solemnly Disciplin'd and made fit for the Service of his Royal Navy this glorious Medalion was designed and struck LXXIII The King in Bust short Hair richly Arm'd à l' Empereur CAROLVS SECVNDVS D. G. MAG BRI. FRAN. ET HIB REX Reverse A Blue-Coat Boy with his Toaq or Bonnet under his arm by the Sea side in view of Ships impell'd by Winds is represented as newly Examin'd by the Arts Mathematical Arithmetick laying her Hand on the Childs Head Geometry Astronomia and Mercurius Angels and Horae above in the Clouds sounding Trumpets and pouring down Fruits out of the Amalthean Horn. Epigraph INSTITVTOR AVGVSTVS 1673 Upon what Occasion or whom it does concern I need not inform the World which has ever heard of the great and important Services Sir Samuel Morland did his Majesty from time to time during the late Usurpers Power by the faithful Intelligence he so constantly gave him LXXIV The Kings Head Laureat CAROLO II. REGI INSTITVTORI AVG. In the Table of the Reverse IN. ADVERSIS SVMMO VITAE PERICVLO IN. PROSPERIS FELICI INGENIO FREQVENS ADFVIT Which he told me his Majesty gave him leave to wear as an honourable Badge of his signal Loyalty There remains yet a Medalion bearing only his Majesty's
be show'd ibid. House of Peers 158. Human Sacrifices abolished 24. Humors Doctrine of Humorists and Qualities 325 326 327 c. Vide Temperament Hungarians Character 315. I. JAMES vid. King Janus 5 38. Idols Popish 66. Jews Medals and Coins suspected 210 217. Their Frauds 217. V. Shekel Ilanders Characters 312 324. Images of Ancestors 64 67. Vid. Pictures Statues Libraries Imperial Medals 181. How long excelling in Workmanship 39 40. Their Rank in the Cabinet 249. How far they reach 249. Imperator 188 Vid. Emperors Impostors 198 201 209 210 216 c. Impressions of Coin and Money when first 6 14. Vide Mint Inanimats in Med. their Signification 60 61 67 68 c. Incantated Med. vid. Med. Inclinations discovered by the Countenance 303. Of several Nations 310 c. Regional Topical 318. Inscriptions 3 8 10 177 c. Hebrew Samaritan 18. Greek 189. Inscrip relating to no knowledge to be rejected 211. About Money 225. About the Theatre at Oxford 65. Should be concise 179 185. How alter'd 216 Mingled conterfeited corrupted 195 196 219. Should be modest not turgid and fastigious like the French 77 179 180 184. What proper 180 182 184. What they Discover of Antiquity 182. Modern Inscrip 208. Abbreviations 186 190 191 192. How to be read in Medals 189 190. and in different Languages 193 194 195. Vid. Legends Orthography Insects Ingenious more than greater Animals why 309. Images see Pictures Statues 67 68. Imperial Med. 181. Impostors 276. Inanimats 60 61. Inscriptions what they acquaint us with They should be Concise not Insolent or Boasting like the French 180 185. Modern Inscript 208. Intaglia 42. Invasions see Armada Inventors and Inventions how honoured 163. Inventors of Polycrests and things of Vse 164. What Medals due to them 167. Some enviously suffer their Talents to be lost and dye with them rather than to impart them 283. Iron Coin and Money 10 13. Iudgment upon outward Appearance only 310. Requires great Caution ibid. Instances remarkable 308 339 c. Julian Apostata judged by his Countenance and Miene 301 305. K. KING Name odious to the Romans why 183. Kings of England their Medals from Edw. Confessor Edw. III. Henr. V. VII VIII 21 86 87. Title Defender of the Faith Head of the Church 89. Edw. VI. defective of Medal King James IV. of Scotland Medal 88. King James I. of England 101 c. Charles I. and II. Medals 105 ad 126. James II. 148 c. King William III. Medal 156. Vid. Queen King's-Evil Med. 85. Kings and Emperors Painters 284. vid. Painters Kishitah 4. Knighthood and Military Order 15 16. Vid. Garter L. LADIES and Women Learned English and other Nations 264 265 c. Languages 193. Latin Greek Perfection and Decays 195. Laud Archbishop of Canterbury's Medal rejoycing at his Death at Rome why 114. Largess 15 16. Vid. Missilia Laurel 26 29 59. Vid. Crown Lawyers 262 275. and Laws 56. Leaden Money and Medals 12 23. Leather Money 10 11. Legenda 177 178 188. Vide Inscriptions Letters 279. How placed 187. Capital Uncial how altered and corrupted 195 196. Vid. Abbreviations Leiden Siege 11. Vid. Paper Money Libation 48. Libella 5. Library Medals necessary 1 2 19 244. The Royal Library at St. Jame's 246 247. Lilburn John Medal asserting Trials by Juries 171. Lines and Strokes in the Countenance 335. Lituus 63. London 162. Metropolis no Roman Colony 51. Conslagration and by whom fir'd 266. Looks 301. Vid. Aspect Face Countenance Luke St. 44. M. MAIORANA 7. Manuscript 2 247 278. Marmora Arundeliana 65. Marolle Abbot his Collection of Prints in Taille-Douce 289. Mary Queen of England setting up the Popish Mass 91. Med. repressing the Rebellion 92. Mass proved by antient Medal a ridiculous mistake 72. Massacre at Paris c. 25. Detested by honest and learned Papists 169. Mathematics and Mathematicians 166. 279 281 320. Maximilian Emperor received pay under Henry VIII 87. Mechanics 162. Mechanical Inventions 280 281 c. Natural to the Germans why 320. MEDALS 8 10. Name neglected 10 13. Antiquity 43 248. Erudition and great vse 49 69. In History Chronology c. by learned Persons cultivated 3 8 13 15 17. The most Authentic Records 243 248. Monuments surviving all Accidents and Revolutions 2 3 71 83 168 243 248. Acquaint us with the most signal Persons Families Actions and Exploits Wars Victories Triumphs Countries Colonies Cities Temples Deities Religion Laws Government Kings Consuls Emperors and other Magistrates c. 40 48 ad 198. Vid. Reverses Medals relating to several nations 18 19 20 21 23 210. On what occasion scatter'd among the People 15 19. Medals not to be struck on slight Subjects 289. Nor dishonoured with Railery or Boasting 24 25 42. Whether commonly in use as Money 8 85. More precious some of Copper than Gold and in what more Rare 8 13 15 39 202 213 238. Sizes 16 17 19. In what vast Quantity found 19 69 70 189. Of whom to enquire 199. And Places where 11 207. Many of the same Stamp 218. Roman Medals best worth Collecting why 39. How far the most valuable reach ibid. and 208. Medals without Heads 26. With Two or more 27 206. Men and Women in the same Medal ibid. Medals Incantated 42. Medals how best to collect understand and distinguish true and antient from false and to detect Cheats and Impostors 208 209 210 ad 221. Medals only of all Coins free from Clippers why 217. Who have the best furnished Cabinets of Medal 244 245 246 251. How far a Series may reach 212 248. Peter de Medices numerous Collection exceeding the French Kings long since 251. Medals Cast Moulded and Stampt 212 213 214. Sophisticated 238. Of the Vernish whether Artificial 212 217. Difficulty in meeting with genuine Medals 215. Fraud by burying Medals 217. Medals when in perfection for the Matter and Sculpture 200 238. When declining 9 10 20 40. And again Reviving 237 ad 241. Prints of Med. 243. Medalions 8 15 16 22. Contorniati 17. Made honorary Presents of to Princes Ambassadors Knights Commanders Doctors egregiously Learned deserving Persons and Officers c. 15 16 137 142. Medals and Money scatter'd among the People 15 19 55 91 97 101. How to take off the Impressions of Medals 219. Medals in Miniature 47. And Taille-Douce ibid. Qualities most requisite to a Student of Medals 240 251. Authors who have best written of Medal Erudition 241 245. How to dispose of Med. in the Cabinet after the best Method 247 ad 257. Vid. Cabinet Who ought to have the Charge and Custody of Medals and other Antiquities 255. Modern Medals too much neglected 157. What worth collecting 40 169. How far a Series of them may reach 208. Medals of King Charles I. Coronation Nuptials Relief of Rochel Expedition to and Return from Scotland Kienton Fight Martyrdom c. 105 ad 120. Natalitial of the Prince of Wales 121 123. Star appearing at Noon ibid. Natalitial Med. of Jacob. D. of York 144. Med. on the
above all others be distinguish'd for their extraordinary Sanctity presume to affirm gives not only great scandal to others but to some worthy Persons also of that Communion wondering that the Bishops and Clergy who are set to be the continual Protectors and Guardians of those Boundaries which are plac'd to separate that which is due to God alone from that of Caesars should suffer such Bold and Impious Theses to escape the Spunge and Index so worthily perstring'd by * La Morau de Tacite de la Flater Paris 1686. Monsieur Amelot in his learned Treatise of Flatterers upon the Morals of Tacitus to which I refer the Reader But so as one well observes the Great Alexander by his Adulators was made at last to believe not only to be himself a God but that he had power to make Hephestion a God also so True is that Nil est quod credere de se Non possit Iuven. Sat. IV. cum laudatur Diis aequa potestas Once equal Men to Gods there 's nothing they Refuse to credit Flatterers can say But of this Pagan and Slavish Adulation of Princes see copious Instances in Casaubon's Animadver in Athenaeum lib. vi c. c. 14 15 c. In the mean time let not yet the ill use which two or three Prodigies of Men and their Parasites have made of them for we read but of few exceeding that number even amongst the Domitians and Pagan Emperors who prevented those venerable Monuments of the bravest Actions and were therefore noted with Infamy had their Statues broken their Medals call'd in and Effigies defac'd I say let them not discourage us from Imitating those Illustrious Princes and States who have modestly deliver'd to us many brave and profitable Notices by their Medals which had else utterly and perhaps irrecoverably been lost to the Learned World For so the Lives and worthy Memories of several Great Emperors are left and transmitted to us as those of Iulius Augustus Vespasian Titus Nerva Trajan Antoninus M. Aurelius Septimus Severus c. with innumerable Rare and Remarkable Things and Passages of their Reigns by the Study and Industry of many learned Authors upon this Subject Since then the greatest Nations for Renown and Virtue have been thus celebrated and incited to brave and glorious Actions by having the Memories of them among other lasting Monuments and Records thus consign'd It would raise Pity with just Indignation to find a Kingdom so fertile of Gallant and Illustrious Persons so poorly furnished to shew by any accomplish'd History or Series hitherto extant what has been done and atchiev'd by Ancestors truly Great and permit me to add worthy the Consideration in Medal and whose Effigies alone were desirable for their Virtues equalling many of them to the most Celebrated of the Antients and deserving the stamp of the most precious and lasting Metals I grieve to find so very few Medals of this kind among us in an Age so polite and knowing during all the Changes Revolutions and signal Events either of this or foreign Countries where we have been concern'd in Voyages and Discoveries Conquests Colonies and Plantations So many prodigious Fights and Conflicts at Land and Sea wherein those Heroes have signaliz'd themselves comparably with any which former Ages can produce For what People of the Universe can boast of greater Men for Arms and Arts But to name them and yet neglect them would be more to our Reproach For besides some Coronation-Pieces and Medals stamp'd on the Births or Nuptials of two or three late Princes c. We have 'till Charles the First of Blessed Memory almost nothing to shew which can well pretend to Medal 'T is true speaking of the Barbarous Ages we have summarily mention'd what British Saxon and other later Coins remain among our Modern Collections genuine and of good Antiquity as to this Island exceedingly well engraven in Mr. Speed's Chronicle from the Coins themselves collected by Sir Robert Cotton and now augmented and improv'd in the new Edition of Camden without Reverse Shield or Inscription besides perchance a rude Cross Name of a King and sometimes of the Mint with that vulgar Sentence Dieu mon Droit in use 'till King Iames the First and the Union with Scotland made some little alteration none of which are to be look'd upon or consider'd as Medals but as Money only My worthy and learned Friend * Nat. Hist. cap. X. Dr. Plot tells us of a Coin or Token rather bearing the Head of Edward Confessor somewhere found in his Perambulation of Oxfordshire which by an hole or appendant Ring he conjectures to have been given to wear about the Necks of such as had been touch'd for the King's-Evil that Religious Prince being it seems the first who had the Charisma and Sanative Gift derived to his Successors Kings of England But this tho' for its Antiquity and as it related to that particular Effect it deserv'd our Notice yet is it neither to be reckon'd amongst our Medals as having neither Legend nor Reverse To commence then with the very first and earliest that it has been my hap to see of Historical and which may pass for Medal A Golden Royal of Edward the Third represents him standing compleatly Arm'd in the middle of a Ship at Sea holding a Sword in his right hand the Shield with the Arms of England and France in his left The Royal Standard arbour'd and displaid at the Stern c. Justifying as well his Title to the Dominion of the Sea as Soveraignty of France This Medal for so I call it tho' it also pass for Money being purely Historical appears to have been struck about the time of the Treaty of Peace between that glorious Monarch and King Iohn of France in behalf of themselves and their eldest Sons namely Edward the Black Prince and Charles Duke of Normandy the French King being Prisoner This Treaty dated the 8th of May An. 1360. near Chartres in Britany was confirm'd at Calais in Picardy whereupon Hostages were given us by the French King who was himself obliged to come in Person and pay the Ransom we have formerly made mention of The Medal follows Medal 1. EDWâ—RD DI. GRâ— REX â—NGL Z FRâ—N DNS IB Reverse A Rose whence also call'd the Rose Noble with many Rays extending to four Lions passant over them a Ducal Coronet and as many Flour de Lyes in a Compartment of eight Goderoons Inscrib'd 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Which some Interpret Enigmatically of the Secret of the famous Elixir by which the Gold was made Others for an Amulet superstitiously applying the Words of the Gospel which tender'd the Wearer thereof Invulnerable But this Remark is obvious that we find no such Pretence by any Authentic Medal or Claim of the French Kings or of any other Potentate That Stamp in the late Wapen or Arms of Zeland being nothing to this purpose as Importing only the Situation of those few Islands concerning which and of all that is said
of Allectus to corroborate our Claim and antient Right see the Learned Selden's Mare Clausum lib. II. cap. 25. There was another of Henry V. and Queen Mary of less Value which likewise bare the same Shield and a Cross in the midst of a Ship Reverse St. Michael and the Dragon but neither of these or of the former have I seen in Silver There was also Golden Money stamp'd at Paris and in Normandy by the same Henry bearing the Angel's Salutation of the Blessed Virgin but for that they contain nothing of Medal I pass them over Another goodly Medal of the same Metal as I am assured but have not seen and of considerable Value bearing the Effigies of King Henry * Who first 〈◊〉 the Arms of France in Silver as Ed. III. did in Gold VII and his Queen joyning hands with this Verse Iungimus optatas sub Amico saedere dextras the Reverse was not told me Medal II. His Son and Successors Effigies half Fac'd which was neither usual in his Coins or Picture arm'd in Bust a flat Bonnet on his Head a Ducal Coronet in a void Place behind HENRICUS VIII ANG FRAN. ET HIB REX Reverse A pensile Cataracta or Portcluse and Coronet between the Chains SECURITAS ALTERA with relation to his locking up the Seas as was also afterwards on the Coin made for the East-India Company This Medalion was stamp'd both in Gold and Silver at what time Henry had the Emperour Maximilian in Pay and Militating under his Banner Henricut Barlandus in Chron. Belg. at the taking of Tournay from Lewis XII of France Ann. 1513. as the whole Triumph is incomparably set forth in that inestimable Painting of Hans Holbein still fresh and at large among his Majesty's Pictures at Whitehall Of the same date we find another of Iames IV. of Scotland Medal III. With his Effigies in Bust Arm'd about him the Order of St. Michael crown'd with a Crown of two Bars IACOBVS IIII. DEI. GRATIA REX SCOTORVM Reverse A Doric Column upon a Bank or Rock near the Sea having on its Capitol a Ianus or two-headed Figure twin'd with Laurel regarding opposite Capes or Promontories jetting into the Sea Over the Biceps VTRVNQVE Which Medal was it seems coin'd in that fatal Year this young Prince was together with a great slaughter of Scotish Nobility slain Invading England during the absence of our Henry then upon that famous Expedition above-mention'd A Fourth is indeed that truly Remarkable one being a Medalion with the Effigies of Henry half-fac'd in his usual Bonnet Furr'd Gown and invaluable Collar of Rubies sold since abroad to give the Royal Family Bread Medal IV. The Legenda taking up a double Circle HENRICVS OCTA ANGLIAE FRANC. ET HIB REX FIDEI DEFENSOR ET In the second inner Circle IN. TERR. ECCLE ANGLI ET HIB SVB. CHRIST CAPVT SVPREMVM Note That the Circles made into four equal parts have the Rose Portcluse Fleur-de-Lys and Harp crown'd Reverse 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Londini 1545. I omit the Henry Noble little different from that of Henry the Third Edward VI. Of King Edward VI. I remember not to have seen any Medal save that of his Money which is indeed elegantly stampt though I cannot but think some Memorial must needs have been of that hopeful and virtuous Prince whilst in the mean time other Countries did not fail of taking occasion to celebrate an Exploit of theirs against him in a Medal struck by Henry II. of France when Bulloin was delivered to him V. The Reverse was Andromeda's being freed from the Monster The Words 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 upon the unexpectedness of the Surprise But this for not being to our Honour though it concluded in a considerable sum of Money and a Treaty of Marriage intended to be between a Daughter of Henry and Edward I only mention as belonging to the History of his short Reign VI Queen Mary Of Q. Mary there was a very large Medalion struck upon her restoring the Roman Religion her Head is dressed in plain Coiffure as she 's commonly painted with a Lace or Fillet set with Pearls and Precious Stones Inscrib'd MARIA I. REG. ANGL FRANC. ET HIB FIDEI DEFENSATRIX Reverse Represents Peace with a Radiant Crown half-sitting on a Curule-Chair and kneeling on a Cube in her Right hand a Torch setting fire to an heap of Arms and Trophies before a Temple à l' Antique in her Left branches of Palm and Laurel as delivering several People out of a Dungeon covered with smoak and flames under which runs a stream of Water 't is supposed in allusion to that of Psal. lxv Transivimus per ignem aquam eduxisti nos in refrigerium which the Doctors of that Church usually apply to Purgatory CECIS VISVS TIMIDIS QVIES This Medalion is said to have been stampt Ann. 1553. soon after the Defeat of the Duke of Northumberland and the Rising in Suffolk upon which followed her Coronation and at which Solemnity there were scatter'd Ryals of broad Gold The Queen Vested in the Regalia and Inthron'd VII MARIA D. G. ANG FRA. Z. HIB REGINA M.D.LIII. About the Reverse Which is a plain Escutcheon of the Arms of England and France quarter'd and plac'd in the Center of a Rose full blown A. DNO FACTVM EST. ISTVD Z. EST. MIRA IN. OCVL NRIS There are of this Queen divers Coins of Money wherein she is join'd with her Husband Philip II in some whereof he has the Title of Angliae Rex The Reverse Bellerophon killing the Chimera representing the Suppression of the Western Insurrection of Wyat and Carew Ann. 1554. as also that of St. Quintin Ann. 1557. The Angelot of this Queen bears the Arms of England quartered with France the Shield fix'd to a Cross erected in the middle of a Ship at Sea on each side of the Cross M◠58. the Reverse Michael and the Dragon Queen Elizabeth During the long prosperous and prudent Reign of Queen Elizabeth I find very few Medals at which I the more wonder when I consider how many famous Exploits and signal Passages the History of her Life are full of The very first which I have seen and that I think may properly come into this Recension as it concerns the Story of that Renown'd Queen is a Medal of Mary Queen of Scotland 1588. and her Husband whose Effigies are Face to Face a Crown between them VIII FRAN. ET MAR. D. G. R. R. SCOTOR DELPHIN VIEN Reverse Assuming the Arms of England and Scotland in another which I could never light on those of the Dolphin Camden Annal l. 1. which was laid as a Capital Crime to the Charge of that unfortunate Lady another with those of France and Scotland only and a Reverse of the initial Letters of their Names c. with these Words Vicit Leo de Tribu Iuda 1560. which because they little concern us I might pretermit the other being in the Year of Q. Elizabeth's entring