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england_n	henry_n	king_n	spain_n	3,841	5	8.4366	4	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A33410	The history of the Turkish War with the Rhodians, Venetians, Egyptians, Persians, and other nations being a compact series of the memorable battels, sieges, and progress of the Ottoman armies in Europe, Asia, and Africa, for near an hundred years, with their various success by sea and land : but a relation more particularly of the first bloody siege of Rhodes in the reign of Mahomet the Great ... and the last under the command of Solyman the Magnificent, who ... totally subdued that famous city and island, defended by the valour of the renowned Peter Aubusson ... / written by Will. Caoursin and Rhodgia Afendy.	Caoursin, Guillaume, d. 1501.; Sinan Paşa, 1440-1486.; Bouhours, Dominique, 1628-1702.	1683 (1683)	Wing B3824D; Wing B3827; Wing C464_CANCELLED; ESTC R24724	170,593	517

of the Capital and those that stood out were for the most part reduc'd by force Aubusson every where gave signal marks of his Courage but upon one occasion he made it apparent that a young Warriour might be as well prudent as cunning At what time the power of the English abated in the Kingdom that of the fair Agnes increas'd at Court. As she was wonderfully charming and one that understood better then any woman of her sex how to govern her Lovers she obtain'd in a short while an absolute Dominion over the King But according to the custom of women whose credit arises from their Beauty she made but an ill use of the Kings Favours The Dolphin who was not naturally very docible could not endure a haughty and imperious woman who had but little respect for him On the other side the great Authority of Charles of Anjou Brother to the King of Sicily offended him extreamly He took it ill that a Prince for whom he had no kindness should have so great a share in the confidence of his Father So that the Favorite was no less a trouble to him then the Mistress But that which vex'd him most of all was that after the taking of Montereau where he fought so well against the English that in Courtship they applauded him for it before the King he had but a bad reception from bis Father instead of the thanks which he expected For the King perceiving that this first Essay had puft up the mind of his son he return'd him under the Discipline of his Government and remov'd him also from the Court Whether he were jealous of a valour that made such a noise in the world or whether understanding the bad disposition of the Dolphin he thought this first success of his might transport him too far if he did not take care to curb him The Dolphin dissembl'd his dissatisfaction for some time but a young Prince once provok'd whose passions are violent and who never wants bad counsel is soon aweary of counterfeiting And therefore to revenge himself like the Son of a King he went and put himself at the head of the Rebellious Nobility The Count of Marche to whom the revolt of his disciple was no small dishonour omitted nothing that might reduce him to his duty Besides what he did himself he made use of the management of Aubusson whom the Prince lov'd and who had found a means to preserve his favour without confederating in the revolt Certain it is that the Dolphin was of a jealous ticklish disposition not easie to manage and one of those who are of that head strong obstinate humour that they are seldom to be recover'd when they have once fix'd upon their party But Aubusson knew him very well and understood which way to take him For he had those sweet and insinuating charms which are not imcompatible with a fierce and fiery Disposition But above all he had a natural Eloquence that always wrought it's Effect and which perswades so much the more by how much it is the less distrusted So that he had not much to do to make the Prince list'n to reason He so dextrously mannag'd his passions and mollify'd him in such sort by degrees that when the Count of Eu came afterwards to treat with him on the Kings behalf he found him altogether enclin'd to lay down his Armes and beg pardon The King was so satisfy'd wi●h Aubussons address upon this occasion that he employ'd him in other Negotiations of concernment In all which he so behav'd himself that Charles the fifth highly applauded the sharpness of his wit Insomuch that one day speaking of Aubusson he said it was a hard matter to find so much fire and so much prudence both together After the Princes were come to an accommodation the War grew very warm between the French and English and much blood was shed on both sides But the truces that were afterwards made chang'd the whole face of affairs France began to breath a more quiet Aire and the pleasures which afterwards succeded the Toyles of war had perhaps effeminated the hearts of the souldiers if their Marches into Lorrain and Germany had not found them work Rene of Anjou King of Sicily and Duke of Lorrain requested aid of Charles King of France his Brother in Law against some places in the Countrey of Messin that would not acknowledg his Iurisdiction Charles presently appeares before Nancy with a great Army of which one part went briskly to beseige Mets. The City defended it self with great courage and obstinacy Upon which the Dolphin with whom the tediousness of the seige did not agree found a fair occasion to satisfie his boyling and ambitious Humour The Emperor Frederick the third dissatisfi'd with the Swisses who pretended to have nothing to do with the House of Astria and who under that pretence affected a kind of Independencie not much differing from a Revolt invited France by the mediation of Sigismund Duke of Austria to come and defend the Rights of the Empire There needed no more encouragement for the Dolphin who had espoused the Sister of the Dutchess of Austria to enter Alsacia with an Army Aubusson was one of the young Lords that attended him and one who had the greatest share in the defeat of the Swisses near Basle But the Duke having reduc'd some places and cast a terror upon others march'd back again sooner then was expected Either because the Emperour unwilling to draw upon himself ill will for being the occasion of the war in some measure disown'd it or because the German Lord who had conducted the French Army into Switzerland and was to have been their guide through all the narrow and difficult streights of the Mountains being slain there was no safety in proceeding farther In the mean time the Affair of Mets being brought to an accommodation advantageous for the Beseigers and honourable for the Beseiged the Embassadors of the German Princes whom the Dolphins march had alarm'd came to demand a confirmation of the ancient Alliances between France and Germany Their demands were granted them and as there is a time when the Spirit of Peace is predominant the truce was prolong'd for five years between France and England The Court in such a quiet calm began to think of nothing but divertisement and the Marriage of Margaret Daughter of the King of Sicilie with Henry King of England occasion'd such extraordinary rejoycings that they had almost forgot their last troubles Never was a more beautiful Court nor a more numerous then that of Nancy For not to speak of the several Princes and Princesses that were of lesser dignity there were two Kings and three Queens beside The Earl of Suffolk who was sent to fetch the new Queen of England had with him the flower of the English Nobility Several daies were also spent in magnificent Turnaments where the King of France and the King of Sicily ran together But Aubusson soon grew weary of

their side especially the King of France upon whom they lookt upon as the best friend of their Order The Commander D Aubusson was chosen for this Embassage out of all the Commanders of the French Nation Not only because he had a particular knowledge and dexterity in managing affairs but because he was known to the Court of France He departed from Rhodes at the time that James de Milli succeeded John de Lustic Grand-Master of the Order and arrivd in France a little after the Cardinal d Avignon whom the Pope had sent thither to encite the French against the Turk The Embassador of Rhodes was entertaind after an extraordinary manner either because the Court had a great esteem for him or because they had a design to keep him in delay He saw through the gentleness and caresses which he receivd which way the Court stood affected toward the Holy-wat The King would not undertake it by any means whether he thought his Kingdom too much exhausted to defray the expence of a war that might prove of a long continuance or whether he minded nothing but his Repose after his past toiles or that the Charms of the fair Agnes had coold his zeal which he formerly had for the interest of the Church or whether it were that he would not submit to the inclinations of his Son who was retir'd male-content to Philip Duke of Burgundie the most zealous of all the Christian Princes and one that had declar'd himself so much an enemy of the Turk that he solemnly swore to make war upon them The Cardinal Legate who was a Frenchman and very understanding ing in affairs applid himself wholly to effect this Negotiation After many Conferences in vain with the publick Ministers he treated at last in particular with the King not being able to obtain any thing Calistus being advertis'd of the Kings disposition writ to him very sharp Letters threatning him at length with the Thunderbolts of Rome and the Malediction of Heaven if he refusd the holy League Those Letters wrought no effect if they did not make it worse The King was incens'd at the Popes threats and not perswaded by his reasons In such a ticklish conjuncture there appeard no probability of hopes for the Commander D Aubusson However he ceas'd not to act and in regard that besides the character of an Embassador he had other good qualities which made him esteem'd by the King and his Ministers he was heard more favourably then the Legate He represented at first that Christendom was never in more eminent danger and that there was nothing which we had not to fear if the Progress of the Infidels were not quickly stopp'd that Mahomet since the taking of Constantinople aim'd at nothing but Rome that he was falln into Hungaria to enter into Germany with a purpose to make his way that way into Italy That it was one of his maxims that as there is but one God in Heaven so there could not be but one Monarch upon Earth That he had been constrain'd to raise his siege before Belgrade because he had not taken the right course and for that he had been wounded himself but that his misfortune had no way disincourag'd him that he was one of those great men that make the best advantage of their errors and misfortunes or rather that he was like the fiercer sort of Beasts who when they have receiv'd a wound and feel their blood begin to flow are never more furious till then That since his ill success in Hungary he had drawn to his side the Soldan of Egypt the Caraman and the Tartar and that he would return with fresh forces to the siege of the Belgrade and that his Generals who had tak'n almost all the Isles in the Archipelago would soon powre their fury upon Rhodes In short that those two Ramparts of Christendom being forcd not any of the Dominions of the Christian Princes could be safe either by Sea or Land Aubusson afterwards represented to the King that being the ●ld●st Son the Church he could not forsake their interest without dishonour to himself That as for the transportment of the Pope it was but a transportment of zeal and that his good intentions deserv'd the pardon of a few sharp expressions He added at length that because there were in Rhodes more Knights of the French then of any other Nations in the world the Monarch of Fraace could not in justice dispence with succouring the Island at a time when it lay only in his power to do it That Alphonsus King of Aragon so wise and so brave before he came into Italy was not only effeminated by the delights of Naples but embroyld with Pope Calixtus who though a native of Arragon had refus'd to give him the investiture of the Kingdom of Sicily and to assure the succession to Ferdinand his natural son That Henry King of Castile as poor spirited and more vitious then his Father had business at home and abroad and that his Rebellious subjects found him as much work as the Moors of Granada his Neighbours and Enemies Thas Henry of England was not Master at home and that the Duke of York who had usurp'd the Government minded nothing but to sustain himself against his Rivals That the Emperor Frederick liv'd an idle life minding neither his own honor nor the safety of Christendom That besides the war grew hot between the Empire and Hungary and that Ladislaus at the same time was to make head against the Emperor and the Turk That civil dissentions turmoyld all Italy and that the Kingdoms of Sweedland Danemark were full of troubles Christiern had been set up in the place of Charles whose irregularities and crimes had render'd him unworthy of the Crown That Alphonso King of Portugal quiet enough at home wanted not a good will but that all he could do was but very little if a Prince more potent then himself did not assist him That thus France being the only Kingdom in Europe that enjoy'd a true peace it was only from France that they could expect relief sufficient to ruine the designes of the Port and for that reason parhaps it was that Heaven had freed it from the power of the English All these reasons propounded after a smart and insinuating manner made a deep impression upon Charles's thoughts That Prince who was so averse before to the Holy-war began to desire it and awaking from the profound sleep wherein his pleasures had lull'd him he only follow'd the motions of his Piety and Courage He gave liberty to Cardinal DAvignen to leavy a tenth upon the Clergy to defray the expence of the war he entred into a League against Mahomet with Hungarie and that there might be no question of his faithful inclinations he confirm'd the League by the marriage of Magdalene of France his Daughter with King Ladislaus As for the Knights he promis'd them all assistance and immediately caus'd sixtie thousand Crowns in Gold to be paid to

named and the Grand Prior of Portugal the Bayliff of Negropont the Commendator Villel and the Knight de Gotor in Quality of Extraordinary Ambassadors The Grand Master wrote to Ferdinand a long Letter wherein after he had set forth how much scandal and disorder the injustice of Alexander had caused in the Order he besought his Majesty to espouse their Interests and to mediate vigorously for them to the Pope Ferdinand who was not ignorant of the Services which the Grand Master had done the Holy See found his complaints so just that he presently put the Knight de Bostolx in possession of the Priory of Cat●log●e He assur'd the Ambassadors also that while he liv'd no other Knights of Rhodes but such as were appointed and endow'd by the Grand Master should enjoy the Re●enues of his Order within his Dominions He also wrote to the Pope at the same time and very earnestly represented to him That the courses he took steer'd directly to the ruine of the Order wholly devoted to the Holy See That the Zeal of the Knights was not altogether so pure and Angelical but that they had an eye upon Temporal Recompences while they fought against the common Enemy of the Faith and that both their Zeal and Courage too would cool when they beheld the P●ice of their Labours and their sweat in the hands of Strangers and unknown Persons So that if his Holiness did not preserve their Priviledges it might be fear'd that the Rampart of Christendom might be ●xpos'd to the fury of the Infidels Alexander submitted to the Reasons or at least to the Authority of the King of Castile He revoked the Collation which he had made in savour of his Nephew and the Grand Master gave the Commenderie of Wovelles with that of Baloles to Don Ferrand of Arragon of the Royal Family and very dear to the King of Castile having before that created him a Knight In the mean time intelligence came that the Turks were building great Ships and every where made great Preparations for War Thereupon the Grand Master sent an Ambassador to Constantinople in shew to Congratulate the Grand Signior upon his recovery from sickness but really to penetrate into the design of those new Preparations Bajazet kept his design very secret but the publick rumor of the Port was that those Preparations were intended against Egypt and was a report probable enough Cairbei had been dead some months before and the youngest of his Sons was advanc'd to the Throne by the subtilty of a Circassian Mamaluke who did what he pleas'd at Caire and pretended to govern during the Minority of the Infant But an absolute Authority in one particular Subject is always suspected and odious The principal Nobility of the Court would not endure the new Government so that instead of doing Homage to the new Sovereign they revolted from him and made Confederacies with the Turks to deprive him of his Crown The Grand Master was inform'd of the rumour of the Court but he believ'd it so much the less the more the Grand Signior's Ministers desir'd it should be believ'd He kept himself upon his Guard and gave order for every thing He engag'd in the Service of the Order all Strangers Ships that us'd the Levant Seas He hir'd Companies of Spanish Infantry out of Sicily from whence he also sent for Corn in abundance The Grand Prior Blanchefort after a dangerous Voyage at length arriving safe had order to go for France to make his Complements and to desire aid of the Successor to Charles the VIII who was dead of an Apoplexy a disease fatal to great men in that Age. Thereupon Lewis the XII who had a great esteem for the Grand Master kindly receiv'd the Grand Prior and order'd two and twenty great Ships to be made ready for the service of the Knights At that time the Grand Master understanding that Henry the VIII King of England laid out for the fairest Turky-Carpers that were to be got presented him with some that were very rare Henry became sensible of the Civilities of the Grand Master and in acknowledgment sent him several excellent Pieces of Artillery with some Horses of an extraordinary Mettle and Colour Ladislaus King of Hungary who of all the Princes of Europe was most liable to be a Prey to the Barbarians offered the Knights of St. John two Provinces of his Dominions to engage them all together to his Interests But the Grand Master was not of that humour to despoil a Prince to protect him he refus'd the offers of Ladislaus but promis'd him all manner of assistance Blanchefort was no sooner return'd to Rhodes but the Armada of the Turks pass'd through the Straits of Gallipoly the Course they steer'd at first caus'd a great fear that the Storm threaten'd the Order of St. John but soon after it was seen to fall upon the Republick of Venice The Turks pretended that they had suffered great wrongs in Romania and the Morea Besides that the Proveditor Prioly having met a Turkish Vessel alone near Meteline and perceiving that the Ship in stead of loring Sail fir'd at them with all her Artillery fought and sunk her Now though the Act of Prioli was regular however it incens'd the Grand Signior who lov'd the Captain of the Ship for which reason he resolv'd a War against them nevertheless he did not at all declare his resentment For Zancari whom the Senate sent to discover the inclinations of the Port received a thousand Caresses from Bajazet Nay the Barbarian desir'd to renew his Alliance with the Republick but he caus'd the Articles of the new Treaty to be written in Latine to the end he might break it when he pleas'd according to the Principles of the Mahumetan Law which suffers them not to have any regard to their words in Contracts that are not written in their own Language At the same time that the Ottoman Fleet sail'd out of the Streight the Grand Signior enter'd into Romania with a powerful Army having imprison'd before all the Venetians that were at Constantinople One part of the Turkish Cavalry was divided from the rest and sent to harass the Countreys of Zara and Dalmatia General Grimani who lay at Modon with the Fleet of the Republick had implor'd the assistance of the Grand Master upon the first noise of the War But he more urgently requested his aid when he saw the Turks double the Point of the Morea Justiniani who commanded in Candy joyned his requests with those of Grimani and both of them sent to Rhodes certain Letters from the Duke Barbarigo The Grand Master look'd on the attempt of the Turks upon the Venetians as a violation of the Treaty of Peace made with the Order by reason they were oblig'd not to molest the Christians so that he made no scruple to succour the Venetians in the present Conjuncture But because he would not make too great a noise he onely sent them the Spanish Infantry that was come from Sicily

Turks for a beginning rais'd a little Penthouse of Boards from whence they shot at the Posts of England and Provence But the Artillery from the Town immediately ruin'd it and kill'd the Cannoneers After that they rais'd two other Batteries upon the Hill of Saint Cosmus and St. Damian and shot against the Posts of England and Spain but the shot from the City ruin'd those in the same manner As the Turks were labouring to advance their Trenches to the place where they design'd to plant their Canon the besieg'd were very desirous to make a Salley to which the Grand Master having giv'n his consent St. Athanasius's Gate was open'd and out they fell upon those that were working in the Trenches with whom they made such work that the Turks were all cut to pieces before any relief could come to them But then the besieged observing a great Body making toward them retir'd skirmishing under the English and Spanish Guns which then playing upon the Enemy made a dreadful havock among them in regard they came on so thick that it was impossible for a bullet to miss The Christians afterwards made some Sallies with like success but because some one or other still fell the Grand Master considering that the loss of one man was more to him then the loss of a hundred to the Enemy forbid any more Sallies to be made For it was observ'd that during the Siege the first Army was recruited with above a hundred thousand men which was an easie thing for them to do having the Land so near them to befriend them and such a number of Vessels every day ready at command The Salleys being over the Turks advanc'd their Trenches with more freedom So that they rais'd in several places above sixty Batteries chiefly against the Posts of England Provence Spain and Italy but the Artillery from the Town overthrew so many that only thirty four remain'd At that time arriv'd at Rhodes a Gentleman whose name was Gabriel Radin Martinengo a person well known for his skill in Fortifications whom Bozio had perswaded to leave Candy and come to the assistance of the Rhodians Him the Grand Master highly honour'd gave him the habit of the Order and permission to wear the Cross made him supernitendant over the Artillery with a promise of the first Vacancy that fell in the Italian Language honours which he highly deserv'd by carrying himself so nobly and vertuously all the time of the Siege Now that the Grand Master might set him at work he signifi'd his desire to know the condition of the Turkish Army and what they intended to do Whereupon a Mariner born in Trebizond then in the service of the Order took seven or eight young men of his acquaintance and having shav'd and clad themselves in Turkish Habit they took Melons Cowcumbers and other fruits and secretly embark'd themselves the next night and avoyding the Turkish Fleet made out to the Sea and so return'd by break of day in sight of Rhodes as if they had come from Turky From thence they made to the Cape which is nearest to Lycia where the Merchants met from all parts to sell Refreshments of all sorts to the Army There they put to sale their Melons and Cowcumbers and Frankly inquir'd what news of the Army The Turks who took them for natural Turks as willingly satisfy'd them and told them the whole condition of their Forces When they had sold all and understood all they made out to Sea again having receiv'd two Turks into their Vessel with much entreaty that were weary of an Army Life Those they bound hand and foot and brought along with them into Rhodes and presented to the Grand Master who order'd the Prior of St. Giles and Martinengo to examin them These two Turks being carry'd up to the steeple of St. John shew'd the Prior and Martinengo how the Quarters of the Turkish Army were dispos'd told them the Number of the Souldiers that Solyman himself was speedily expected that the Souldiers grew out of heart and mutined against their Commanders being weary of a war to which they cry'd they were lead as to a Slaughter House with many other things not believ'd at first as being thought to have bin spoken out of flattery or to procure good entertainment to themselves but which were indeed really true For Peri Basha observing a manifest and dangerous Mutiny in the Army dispatch'd away a Courrier to Solyman to give him Intelligence and to supplicate him to come in person forthwith that he might put a stop to the sedition by his presence and Authority Solyman flies through Asia the less with an incredible speed and embarking at Port Fisco arriv'd in Rhodes the 28th of July where he was receiv'd with great triumph and lodg'd himself four or five miles from the City at a place call'd Megalandra out of the reach of the Canon Solyman held a council and resolv'd upon a strict enquiry whence the Mutiny proceeded and a severe punishment of the Authors But Peri Basha by his grave remonstrances soon softned and appeas'd his wrath He laid before him that this mutiny rather proceeded from fear an apprehension of danger then from Malice or Rebellion and that therefore his Majesty might by his authority reduce them to their duty knowing that the Turks had the Ottoman name in so much Veneration that upon his appearance they would soon recollect themselves and return to their Obedience but that Rigour was now unseasonable especially against the old Souldiers without whose assistance he could never compass so great a design as the taking of Rhodes Solyman hearken'd to his advice assembled all the Army together made them lay down their Armes and prostrate themselves upon the Ground then sitting on a Royal Throne under a Rich Canopy turning his face this way and that way with a Majestick and stern Countenance He first accus'd their Infidelity hightn'd the injuries done by the Knights of Rhodes to his Subjects advanc'd his own power his Triumphs and his Victories upbraided the Old Souldiers of Ingratitude as having enrich'd themselves by his fortune in war of Cowardice to let such a handful of men make head against such a Potent and flourishing Army Lastly said he am not I here the Companion of your dangers Nor will I part from hence till I have them in my power I swear it by the holy head of divine Mahomet and if I fail may my Kingdomes and my house be ruin'd and my own person perish eternally Go then and think of nothing else but what you are commanded Nor let any man distrust my clemency nor my word but build upon my Liberality For I am here the spectator and judge of your Valour your Merits Solyman had no sooner ended his Harangue but he withdrew into his Pavilion and commanded that the Souldiers should be all sworn anew to their Captaines And from that time it was that the Souldiers recover'd their courage became more obedient and deliberate

and proceeded in all things with more order and conduct Now they continu'd their batteries more terribly then before They also play'd in three several places with two great brass-Cannons like Morter-Peices that carry'd marble-bullets of a prodigious weight and yet all the harm then to kill 25 men and the Chevalier Lyoncel that commanded the Bastion of Cosquin This battery they left off by the advice of the Jewish Physitian who gave them notice how little good it had done After the Turks made it their business to advance their trenches and to fill up the moats with Earth and though the Artillery of the Christians continually fir'd upon them nevertheless they gave not over their work till they had finish'd a great battery between the Spanish and Auvergnian Post and another against that of Italy and there they lodg'd their Cannon that play'd upon the besieg'd so furiously that they durst not peep above the battlements till they had made themselves new defences of wood and plankes upon which the Besiegers having advanc'd their trenches to the side of the Moat made certain gaps in the wall on their side through which they much annoy'd the defendants with their Musket-shot and kill'd some few of them In the mean while the Captains lodg'd themselves in their Trenches Mustapha the General against the Bul-wark of England Peri against the Italian Post Achmat against that of Spain and Auvergne with the Aga of the Janisaries the Beglerbey of Natolia against that of France the Beglerbey of Romania against the Gardens of St. Antony who began a battery at the beginning of August against the German Post which was weak and without any platform Nevertheless the Grand Master caus'd it to be fortify'd within with intrenchments of Earth great pieces of Timber-planks and Bavines and play'd his Artillery so thick from several places and Posts on that side so that he dismounted the Artillery and overthrew the batteries of the Turks till they were aweary of repairing them and so remov'd them By this time it was that the Rhodians began to find the want of their powder and though the Grand Master continually employ'd fourteen of his own horses to bray saltpeter and other materials proper to make powder in a sure and well-guarded place yet the besieged were forc'd to be very sparing of their powder which gave great advantage to the enemy The Turks seeing no good to be done on that side play'd upon the steeple of St. Johns Church and beat it down upon advice giv'n them by the Jewish Physitian that from thence the Christians discover'd what was done in the Camp The ruin of this steeple being a lovely structure was much lamented by the Inhabitants This done the Besiegers under the command of the Beglerbey of Natolia remov'd their batteries against the Tower of St. Nicholas which they furiously play'd upon for the space of ten days with twelve great pieces of Canon but the Artillery from the Tower broke and ruin'd all their batteries so that the Beglerbey was constrain'd to change the form of his batteries to remove his mantlets which are made of Earth close ramm'd and clos'd with boards fasten'd together with great spars of timber to dismount his Guns and plant them in the night upon great platforms without gabions or Mantlet with which playing securely all the night when day appear'd they cover'd them again with Earth and grave Thus they made above 500 shot which onely beat down a pane of the wall on the west-side through which appear'd another good wall and so many stout defendants that these difficulties being related to Solyman he caus'd the said Battery to be remov'd whereby the Chevalier Castellaine Captain of St. Nicholas Tower acquir'd great honour At the same time the Turks rais'd 14 Mantelets against the Posts of England and Spain upon which they planted Guns of a prodigious bigness and play'd upon them for a month together so that they ruin'd the new wall of the English Platform while the old wall stood entire beside that they brought through their trenches unto the Moat three huge peices of Canon with which they levell'd the defences of the Bastion of Spain and beat down the wall by the ruins whereof the Turks might easily mount the Bastion The same Battery they rais'd against the Bastion of Provence with three peices of Canon planted upon the side of the Moat and in a small time threw down more then the besiegers in a long time were able to repair Then the Grand Master leaving St. Maries of the Victory came to St. Athanasius Gate and lodg'd himself under the English wall and there he constituted four Captains allotting to each ten Knights besides the Ordinary Guard to succour and preserve the English wall Besides all this the Turks continually play'd with their Sacres and Falcons and other small Artillery and the besieged did the like which stood them in no small stead to ruin their Mantlets and dismount their peices Among the rest a Culverin shot pierced through a Mantlet upon one piece kill'd five men and carry'd away both legs of the Turkish Canoneer of which he dy'd Solyman was much troubl'd for his loss insomuch that he said he had rather have lost one of his Basha's Nor was the Italian Post more mercifully handl'd which was continually batter'd by seventeen pieces of Canon so that it had bin an easy thing to have mounted the wall by the ruins that fell into the Moat Yet though this long battery had made a great breach in the Italian Post yet would not the besiegers venture an assault but onely continu'd to make their approaches and to ruin the entrenchments and defences of the besieged Which the Chevalier Martinengo seeing with the Grand Masters permission made a sally with about an hundred choice men and falling upon the Enemy unawares kill'd put to flight whatever stood in their way and so with one prisoner and the head of another return'd with great applause The Turks that came in heaps to the relief of their own were miserably torn to pieces by the Artillery of the Town having no shelter and lost a greater number in their retreat then Martinengo slew This being the condition of the City the Grand Master who knew it would not be long ere they gave a General Assault dispatch'd away Bosio to the Pope and his Secretary into Provence and to the King of France beseeching them to hasten the succours which he expected from them Being also desirous to know what news was in the ●urkish Camp one Carpathio a Rhodian undertook to satisfy him and getting out of the Post in a Brigantine with a crew of good Souldiers clad after the Turkish manner he coasted along the shoar as far as the Foss where he saw several Souldiers that were taking the fresh Air by the Sea-side who immediately discover'd him The Rhodiot put on a bold face and in the Turkish Language call'd to them aloud and told them the Basha had sent for

Italians taking the Alarum and being well seconded by the Grand Master and his usual guard in an hours time the Bastion was well soak'd with the Blood of the Turks Peri finding such a stout resistance here and believing that other places were left naked gave immediate order for other forces to assail the New Bastion of the Grand Master Carretta but there the Chevalier Angelot Captain of the Bastion so behav'd himself having a good number of Souldiers and Citizens with him that the most part of the Turks were either kill'd or wounded and the Flanking Artillery of other Bastions made such havock among the thick multitudes of the Turks that at length quite dismay'd they began to retire Peri thereupon seeing the Souldiers would no longer abide the heat of such a terrible encounter sounded a general Retreat though with the loss of more men then in the former combats Not long after Mustapha covetous to repair his honour and to regain the favour of the Grand Signiour resolv'd to give a third assault to the Bastion of England He imparted his resolution to the Achmat who agreed with him at the same time to assail the Bastions of Spain and Auvergne Upon the 3 d. of September Mustapha unexpectedly fell upon the Bastion mounted the Ruins and fix'd their Ensigns neer the Rhodian Entrenchments and at the same time endeavour'd to make their way forward The fight was terrible and doubtful neither was Mustapha wanting in any part of a judicious and couragious Captain Achmat also at the same time play'd two Mines one in the Auvergnian the other in the Spanish Post The Auvergnian Mine prov'd in effectual the Spanish Mine brought down a considerable part of the wall of the Barbacan of the said Bastion And yet for these dreadful Ruins the Christians so well behav'd themselves in every place that the Turks having lost above 3000 men were forc'd to retreat with shame to their Trenches Two dayes after the Jewish Physitian often spok'n of before was discover'd shooting an Arrow into the Turkish Camp with a Letter fasten'd to the end of it Thereupon he was apprehended and upon his examination confess'd that he was a Spy for the Turks that he had sent them five Letters that he had given them several advices and had encourag'd them to continue the Siege For which He was condemn'd to be quarter'd After these Repulses and the giving fire to three other Mines soon after that did little or no harm the Basha's consulted together and resolv'd to give a general assault upon fore several places of the City all at a time Solyman approv'd their Resolution assembl'd his Captains together encourag'd and chear'd them up and assur'd them of Victory and by publick Proclamation gave the common Souldiers the whole Plunder of the City Thus the whole Army resum'd their wonted courage and full of Hopes prepar'd themselves for a general Assault As a preparation to which the Basha's order the English Bulwark the Posts of Spain and Auvergne and the Italian Platform to be batter'd for two dayes together on purpose to widen and enlarge the Breaches The Grand Master observing this universal motion of the Enemy and their continual Batteries for 2 days together with an extraordinary diligence prepar'd for his defence Day and night he visited all the Posts earnestly besought every one to be watchful and ready and having taken a little repose in his armes by break of day he rang'd the Souldiers in their several Posts and that there might remain no fear or astonishment among them he made them a short speech Declaring to them the glorious opportunity which offer'd it self for them to signalize their Zeal for the honour of God their fidelity to their Order and the welfare of Christendom and their affection to a people that had liv'd under their Dominion for above 200 years He gave them to understand how often they had prov'd their own valour and the timidity of the Enemy That though their number were great yet that there was yet a sufficient number left of brave and valiant men to defend a just cause and repel the force of Ambition and perfidious impiety That they were to confider their Enemies were a sort of ignorant people forc'd on by their Basha's for fear of encurring the displeasure of their Master to whom they had represented the enterprize so easy that they themselves were persons of honour dedicated from their Infancy to the service of God And therefore he besought and conjur'd them to do their duties The Turks by break of day discharg'd all their Artilleriy at once that they might pass the Moat under the covert of the smoak and that don they boldly fell on in all places at once The Grand Master posted himself in the English Bulwark as being the weakest place Nor was the Spanish Artillery a little favourable to the English flanking the Turks and making a great slaughter among them insomuch that they were almost ready to recoyle when Mustapha's Lieutenant throwing himself among them pray'd entreated threaten'd promis'd and heading them himself brought them on again though to his cost being the first man slain with a Canon Bullet as he was mounting the Ruins The Turks enrag'd by his fall discharg'd their small shot and arrows like hail upon the Rhodians And Mustapha observing their Metall sent them continually fresh supplies and with fair words and promises exhorted them to their Duties Yet could they not force the besieg'd to stir a foot who in the view of the Grand Master with an invincible courage sustain'd all that Impetuosity and at the same time fought with equal valour and obstinacy in all the other Quarters The very women were not unserviceable while some carry'd Bread Wine and other refreshments to the Souldiers others threw stones others pour'd down boyling Oyle and water upon the Enemy But the greatest danger of the Combat was in the Spanish Post where the Aga General of the Janissaries having pick'd out the choicest of his men march'd himself to the Assault at the head of them who follow'd him with such a Resoluton that they cover'd all the Breach gain'd the platform above and planted forty of their Ensigns upon it with the same violence rushing on to the Barricado's not minding the prodigious slaughter of their own that fell on every side Thereupon the Knights and Souldiers in the Spanish Bulwark seeing the distress of those in the Post ran to the assistance of their friends leaving only some few for a guard behind Which certain of the Turks that lay conceal'd behind the rubbish perceiving presently mounted the Bulwark and made themselves Masters of it pull'd down the Ensigns of the Christians and setting up their own cry'd out in their own Language Victory and invited their Companions to assist them Upon which Achmats Regiment advanc'd but the Auvergnian Spanish Artillery soon stopp'd their Career So that the Grand Master being advertiz'd of this new accident left the English and entring the