bishop_n and_o right_o of_o advowsan_n and_o presentation_n belong_v to_o himself_o and_o to_o the_o nobility_n that_o be_v the_o founder_n of_o such_o bishopric_n abbey_n and_o other_o benefice_n and_o he_o enact_v far_o that_o if_o any_o clerk_n which_o he_o or_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n shall_v present_v shall_v be_v disturb_v by_o any_o such_o provisor_n that_o such_o provisor_n or_o disturber_n shall_v be_v attach_v by_o his_o body_n and_o if_o convict_a lie_v in_o prison_n till_o he_o be_v ransom_v at_o the_o king_n will_v and_o have_v satisfy_v the_o party_n grieve_v renouced_a his_o title_n and_o sound_a surety_n not_o to_o sue_v for_o it_o any_o far_o and_o that_o if_o they_o can_v not_o be_v find_v than_o exigent_n shall_v go_v forth_o to_o outlawrie_n and_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o benefice_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_v take_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n and_o the_o same_o statute_n be_v confirm_v in_o the_o 27_o year_n of_o king_n ed._n the_o 3d_o which_o statute_n allow_v to_o these_o provisor_n six_o week_n day_n to_o appear_v but_o if_o they_o appear_v before_o they_o be_v outlaw_v they_o shall_v be_v receive_v to_o make_v answer_n but_o if_o they_o render_v not_o themselves_o they_o shall_v forfeit_v all_o their_o land_n good_n and_o chattel_n beside_o that_o they_o stand_v outlaw_v the_o same_o law_n be_v confirm_v again_o by_o 16_o rich._n 2d_o cap._n 5._o in_o which_o be_v add_v because_o these_o provisor_n obtain_v sometime_o from_o the_o pope_n that_o such_o english_a bishop_n as_o according_a to_o the_o law_n be_v institute_v and_o induct_v by_o the_o king_n presentee_n shall_v be_v excommunicate_v that_o for_o this_o also_o both_o they_o and_o the_o receiver_n and_o publisher_n of_o such_o papal_a process_n and_o the_o procurer_n shall_v have_v the_o same_o punishment_n ph._n let_v i_o see_v the_o statute_n itself_o of_o 27_o ed._n 3._o la._n it_o lie_v there_o before_o you_o set_v down_o verbatim_o by_o sir_n edw._n coke_n himself_o 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a_o man_n have_v procure_v the_o pope_n to_o reverse_v a_o decree_n in_o chancery_n have_v he_o be_v within_o the_o danger_n of_o praemunire_n la._n yes_o certain_o or_o if_o the_o judgement_n have_v be_v give_v in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o lord_n admiral_n or_o in_o any_o other_o king_n court_n whatsoever_o either_o of_o law_n or_o equity_n for_o court_n of_o equity_n be_v most_o proper_o court_v of_o the_o common-law_n of_o england_n because_o equity_n and_o common-law_n as_o sir_n ed._n coke_n say_v be_v all_o one_o ph._n then_o the_o word_n common-law_n be_v not_o in_o this_o preamble_n restrain_v to_o such_o court_n only_o where_o the_o trial_n be_v by_o juries_n but_o comprehend_v all_o the_o king_n temporal_a court_n if_o not_o also_o the_o court_n of_o those_o subject_n that_o be_v lord_n of_o great_a manor_n la._n it_o be_v very_o likely_a yet_o i_o think_v it_o will_v not_o by_o every_o man_n be_v grant_v ph._n the_o statute_n also_o say_v that_o they_o who_o draw_v man_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n in_o plea_n whereof_o the_o cognizance_n pertain_v to_o the_o king_n court_n or_o of_o thing_n whereof_o judgement_n be_v give_v in_o the_o king_n court_n be_v within_o the_o case_n of_o praemunire_n but_o what_o if_o one_o man_n draw_v another_o to_o lambeth_n in_o plea_n whereof_o judgement_n be_v already_o give_v at_o westminster_n be_v he_o by_o this_o clause_n involve_v in_o a_o praemunire_n la._n yes_o for_o though_o it_o be_v not_o out_o of_o the_o realm_n yet_o it_o be_v within_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o statute_n because_o the_o pope_n court_n not_o the_o king_n court_n be_v then_o perhaps_o at_o lambeth_n ph._n but_o in_o sir_n edw._n coke_n time_n the_o king_n court_n be_v at_o lambeth_n and_o not_o the_o pope_n la._n you_o know_v well_o enough_o that_o the_o spiritual-court_n have_v no_o power_n to_o hold_v plea_n of_o common-law_n ph._n i_o do_v so_o but_o i_o know_v not_o for_o what_o cause_n any_o simple_a man_n that_o mistake_v his_o right_a court_n shall_v be_v out_o of_o the_o king_n protection_n lose_v his_o inheritance_n and_o all_o his_o good_n personal_a and_o real_a and_o if_o take_v be_v keep_v in_o prison_n all_o his_o life_n this_o statute_n can_v be_v by_o sir_n edw._n coke_n torture_v make_v to_o say_v it_o beside_o such_o man_n be_v ignorant_a in_o what_o court_v they_o be_v to_o seek_v their_o remedy_n and_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n confirm_v by_o perpetual_a usage_n that_o such_o ignorant_a man_n shall_v be_v guide_v by_o their_o council_n at_o law_n it_o be_v manifest_a therefore_o that_o the_o maker_n of_o the_o statute_n intend_v not_o to_o prohibit_v man_n from_o their_o sue_n for_o their_o right_n neither_o in_o the_o chancery_n nor_o in_o the_o admiralty_n nor_o in_o any_o other_o court_n except_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n which_o have_v their_o jurisdiction_n from_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n again_o where_o the_o statute_n say_v which_o do_v sue_v in_o any_o other_o court_n or_o defeat_v a_o judgement_n in_o the_o king_n court_n what_o be_v the_o meaning_n of_o another_o court_n another_o court_n than_o what_o be_v it_o here_o mean_v the_o kings-bench_n or_o court_n of_o common-plea_n do_v a_o praemunire_n lie_v for_o every_o man_n that_o sue_v in_o chancery_n for_o that_o which_o may_v be_v remedy_v in_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n or_o can_v a_o praemunire_n lie_v by_o this_o statute_n against_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n the_o statute_n lay_v it_o only_o on_o the_o party_n that_o sue_v not_o upon_o the_o judge_n which_o hold_v the_o plea_n nor_o can_v it_o be_v lay_v neither_o by_o this_o statute_n nor_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 16_o rich._n 2._o upon_o the_o judge_n which_o be_v then_o punishable_a only_o by_o the_o pope_n authority_n see_v then_o the_o party_n sue_v have_v a_o just_a excuse_n upon_o the_o council_n of_o his_o lawyer_n and_o the_o temporal_a judge_n and_o the_o lawyer_n both_o be_v out_o of_o the_o statute_n the_o punishment_n of_o the_o praemunire_n can_v light_v upon_o no_o body_n la._n but_o sir_n edw._n coke_n in_o this_o same_o chapter_n bring_v two_o precedent_n to_o prove_v that_o though_o the_o spiritual-court_n in_o england_n be_v now_o the_o king_n court_n yet_o whosoever_o sue_v in_o they_o for_o any_o thing_n tryable_a by_o the_o common-law_n shall_v fall_v into_o a_o praemunire_n one_o be_v that_o whereas_o in_o the_o 22d_o of_o hen._n 8._o all_o the_o clergy_n of_o england_n in_o a_o convocation_n by_o public_a instrument_n acknowledge_v the_o king_n to_o be_v supreme_a head_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n yet_o after_o this_o viz._n 24_o of_o h._n 8._o this_o statute_n be_v in_o force_n ph._n why_o not_o a_o convocation_n of_o the_o clergy_n can_v not_o alter_v the_o right_n of_o supremacy_n their_o court_n be_v still_o the_o pope_n court_n the_o other_o precedent_n in_o the_o 25_o of_o hen._n 8._o of_o the_o bishop_n of_o norwich_n may_v have_v the_o same_o answer_n for_o the_o king_n be_v not_o declare_v head_n of_o the_o church_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n till_o the_o 26_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n if_o he_o have_v not_o mistrust_v his_o own_o law_n he_o will_v not_o have_v lay_v hold_v on_o so_o weak_a a_o proof_n as_o these_o precedent_n and_o as_o to_o the_o sentence_n of_o praemunire_n upon_o the_o bishop_n of_o norwich_n neither_o do_v this_o statute_n nor_o that_o other_o of_o r._n 2._o warrant_v it_o he_o be_v sentence_v for_o threaten_v to_o excommunicate_v a_o man_n which_o have_v sue_v another_o before_o the_o mayor_n but_o this_o statute_n forbid_v not_o that_o but_o forbid_v the_o bring_n in_o or_o publish_v of_o excommunication_n or_o other_o process_n from_o rome_n or_o any_o other_o place_n before_o the_o 26_o hen._n 8._o there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o that_o for_o a_o
god_n make_v king_n for_o the_o people_n and_o not_o people_n for_o king_n how_o shall_v i_o be_v defend_v from_o the_o domineer_a of_o proud_a and_o insolent_a stranger_n that_o speak_v another_o language_n that_o scorn_v we_o that_o seek_v to_o make_v we_o slave_n or_o how_o shall_v i_o avoid_v the_o destruction_n that_o may_v arise_v from_o the_o cruelty_n of_o faction_n in_o a_o civil_a war_n unless_o the_o king_n to_o who_o alone_o you_o say_v belong_v the_o right_a of_o levy_v and_o dispose_v of_o the_o militia_n by_o which_o only_o it_o can_v be_v prevent_v have_v ready_a money_n upon_o all_o occasion_n to_o arm_n and_o pay_v as_o many_o soldier_n as_o for_o the_o present_a defence_n or_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o people_n shall_v be_v necessary_a shall_v not_o i_o and_o you_o and_o every_o man_n be_v undo_v tell_v i_o not_o of_o a_o parliament_n when_o there_o be_v no_o parliament_n sit_v or_o perhaps_o none_o in_o be_v which_o may_v often_o happen_v and_o when_o there_o be_v a_o parliament_n if_o the_o speak_n and_o lead_v man_n shall_v have_v a_o design_n to_o put_v down_o monarchy_n as_o they_o have_v in_o the_o parliament_n which_o begin_v to_o sit_v nou._n 3._o 1640._o shall_v the_o king_n who_o be_v to_o answer_v to_o god_n almighty_a for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n and_o to_o that_o end_n be_v entrust_v with_o the_o power_n to_o levy_v and_o dispose_v of_o the_o soldiery_n be_v disable_v to_o perform_v his_o office_n by_o virtue_n of_o these_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o you_o have_v cite_v if_o this_o be_v reason_n it_o be_v reason_n also_o that_o the_o people_n be_v abandon_v or_o leave_v at_o liberty_n to_o kill_v one_o another_o even_o to_o the_o last_o man_n if_o it_o be_v not_o reason_n than_o you_o have_v grant_v it_o be_v not_o law_n la._n it_o be_v true_a if_o you_o mean_v recta_fw-la ratio_fw-la but_o recta_fw-la ratio_fw-la which_o i_o grant_v to_o be_v law_n as_o sir_n edw._n coke_n say_v 1_o inst._n sect._n 138._o be_v a_o artificial_a perfection_n of_o reason_n get_v by_o long_a study_n observation_n and_o experience_n and_o not_o every_o man_n natural_a reason_n for_o nemo_fw-la nascitur_fw-la artifex_n this_o legal_a reason_n be_v summa_fw-la ratio_fw-la and_o therefore_o if_o all_o the_o reason_n that_o be_v disperse_v into_o so_o many_o several_a head_n be_v unite_v into_o one_o yet_o can_v he_o not_o make_v such_o a_o law_n as_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v because_o by_o many_o succession_n of_o age_n it_o have_v be_v fine_v and_o refined_a by_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o grave_a and_o learned_a men._n and_o this_o be_v it_o he_o call_v the_o common-law_n ph._n do_v you_o think_v this_o to_o be_v good_a doctrine_n though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o no_o man_n be_v bear_v with_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n yet_o all_o man_n may_v grow_v up_o to_o it_o as_o well_o as_o lawyer_n and_o when_o they_o have_v apply_v their_o reason_n to_o the_o law_n which_o be_v law_n before_o they_o study_v they_o or_o else_o it_o be_v not_o law_n they_o study_a may_v be_v as_o fit_v for_o and_o capable_a of_o judicature_n as_o sir_n edw._n coke_n himself_o who_o whether_o he_o have_v more_o or_o less_o use_n of_o reason_n be_v not_o thereby_o a_o judge_n but_o because_o the_o king_n make_v he_o so_o and_o whereas_o he_o say_v that_o a_o man_n who_o shall_v have_v as_o much_o reason_n as_o be_v disperse_v in_o so_o many_o several_a head_n can_v not_o make_v such_o a_o law_n as_o this_o law_n of_o england_n be_v if_o one_o shall_v ask_v he_o who_o make_v the_o law_n of_o england_n will_v he_o say_v a_o succession_n of_o english_a lawyer_n or_o judge_n make_v it_o or_o rather_o a_o succession_n of_o king_n and_o that_o upon_o their_o own_o reason_n either_o sole_o or_o with_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o parliament_n without_o the_o judge_n or_o other_o professor_n of_o the_o law_n you_o see_v therefore_o that_o the_o king_n reason_n be_v it_o more_o or_o less_o be_v that_o anima_fw-la legis_fw-la that_o summa_fw-la lex_fw-la whereof_o sir_n edw._n coke_n speak_v and_o not_o the_o reason_n learning_n or_o wisdom_n of_o the_o judge_n but_o you_o may_v see_v that_o quite_o through_o his_o institutes_n of_o law_n he_o often_o take_v occasion_n to_o magnify_v the_o learning_n of_o the_o lawyer_n who_o he_o perpetual_o term_v the_o sage_n of_o the_o parliament_n or_o of_o the_o king_n council_n therefore_o unless_o you_o say_v otherwise_o i_o say_v that_o the_o king_n reason_n when_o it_o be_v public_o upon_o advice_n and_o deliberation_n declare_v be_v that_o anima_fw-la legis_fw-la and_o that_o summa_fw-la ratio_fw-la and_o that_o equity_n which_o all_o agree_v to_o be_v the_o law_n of_o reason_n be_v all_o that_o be_v or_o ever_o be_v law_n in_o england_n since_o it_o become_v christian_n beside_o the_o bible_n la._n be_v not_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n part_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n as_o also_o the_o imperial_a law_n use_v in_o the_o admiralty_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o particular_a place_n and_o the_o by-law_n of_o corporation_n and_o court_n of_o judicature_n ph._n why_o not_o for_o they_o be_v all_o constitute_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o though_o the_o civil_a law_n use_v in_o the_o admiralty_n be_v at_o first_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n yet_o because_o they_o be_v in_o force_n by_o no_o other_o authority_n than_o that_o of_o the_o king_n they_o be_v now_o the_o king_n law_n and_o the_o king_n statute_n the_o same_o we_o may_v say_v of_o the_o canon_n such_o of_o they_o as_o we_o have_v retain_v make_v by_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v be_v no_o law_n nor_o of_o any_o force_n in_o england_n since_o the_o begin_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n but_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n la._n in_o the_o say_a statute_n that_o restrain_v the_o levy_v of_o money_n without_o consent_n of_o parliament_n be_v there_o any_o thing_n you_o can_v take_v exception_n to_o ph._n no_o i_o be_o satisfy_v that_o the_o king_n that_o grant_v such_o liberty_n be_v bind_v to_o make_v they_o good_a so_o far_o as_o it_o may_v be_v do_v without_o sin_n but_o if_o a_o king_n find_v that_o by_o such_o a_o grant_v he_o be_v disable_v to_o protect_v his_o subject_n if_o he_o maintain_v his_o grant_n he_o sin_n and_o therefore_o may_v and_o aught_o to_o take_v no_o notice_n of_o the_o say_a grant_n for_o such_o grant_v as_o by_o error_n or_o false_a suggestion_n be_v get_v from_o he_o be_v as_o the_o lawyer_n do_v confess_v void_a and_o of_o no_o effect_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v recall_v also_o the_o king_n as_o be_v on_o all_o hand_n confess_v have_v the_o charge_n lie_v upon_o he_o to_o protect_v his_o people_n against_o foreign_a enemy_n and_o to_o keep_v the_o peace_n betwixt_o they_o within_o the_o kingdom_n if_o he_o do_v not_o his_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o discharge_v himself_o thereof_o he_o commit_v a_o sin_n which_o neither_o king_n nor_o parliament_n can_v lawful_o commit_v la._n no_o man_n i_o think_v will_v deny_v this_o for_o if_o levy_v of_o money_n be_v necessary_a it_o be_v a_o sin_n in_o the_o parliament_n to_o refuse_v if_o unnecessary_a it_o be_v a_o sin_n both_o in_o king_n and_o parliament_n to_o levy_v but_o for_o all_o that_o it_o may_v be_v and_o i_o think_v it_o be_v a_o sin_n in_o any_o one_o that_o have_v the_o sovereign_a power_n be_v he_o one_o man_n or_o one_o assembly_n be_v entrust_v with_o the_o safety_n of_o a_o whole_a nation_n if_o rash_o and_o rely_v upon_o his_o own_o natural_a sufficiency_n he_o make_v war_n or_o peace_n without_o consult_v with_o such_o as_o by_o their_o experience_n and_o employment_n abroad_o and_o intelligence_n by_o letter_n or_o other_o mean_n have_v get_v the_o knowledge_n in_o some_o measure_n of_o the_o strength_n advantage_n and_o design_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o the_o manner_n and_o degree_n of_o the_o danger_n that_o may_v from_o thence_o arise_v in_o like_a manner_n in_o case_n of_o rebellion_n at_o home_n if_o he_o consult_v not_o with_o of_o military_a condition_n which_o if_o he_o do_v than_o i_o think_v he_o may_v lawful_o proceed_v to_o subdue_v all_o such_o enemy_n and_o rebel_n and_o that_o the_o soldier_n ought_v to_o go_v on_o without_o inquire_v whether_o they_o be_v within_o the_o country_n or_o without_o for_o who_o shall_v suppress_v rebellion_n but_o he_o that_o have_v right_o to_o levy_v command_n and_o dispose_v of_o the_o militia_n the_o last_o long_a parliament_n deny_v this_o but_o why_o because_o by_o the_o major_a part_n of_o their_o vote_n the_o rebellion_n be_v raise_v with_o design_n to_o put_v down_o monarchy_n and_o to_o that_o end_n maintain_v ph._n nor_o do_v
be_v not_o necessary_o knit_v together_o 〈◊〉_d if_o rome_n be_v one_o fire_n the_o pope_n chair_n be_v burnâ—_n and_o hitherto_o of_o the_o first_o sort_n of_o fallacy_n refer_v to_o judgement_n now_o follow_v the_o second_o and_o they_o be_v either_o those_o that_o be_v referâ—red_v to_o a_o syllogism_n or_o to_o method_n and_o they_o again_o be_v general_n and_o special_a general_n which_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o general_a property_n of_o a_o syllogism_n it_o be_v either_o when_o all_o the_o part_n be_v deny_v or_o be_v particular_a all_o part_n deny_v as_o no_o pope_n be_v a_o devil_n no_o man_n be_v a_o devil_n therefore_o no_o man_n be_v a_o pope_n and_o this_o must_v be_v answer_v that_o it_o be_v noâ—_n according_a to_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o negative_a syllogism_n which_o must_v have_v always_o one_o affirmative_a all_o particular_a as_o some_o unlawful_a thing_n must_v be_v suffer_v 〈◊〉_d namely_o that_o which_o can_v be_v take_v away_o the_o stew_n in_o some_o unlawful_a thing_n therefore_o the_o stew_n must_v be_v suffer_v this_o be_v answer_v by_o the_o definition_n of_o â—_o special_a syllogism_n which_o be_v that_o have_v one_o part_n general_a the_o special_a be_v those_o which_o be_v simple_a or_o compound_v the_o simple_a be_v of_o two_o sort_n the_o first_o be_v more_o plain_a the_o second_o less_o plain_a more_o plain_a be_v when_o the_o assumption_n be_v deny_v or_o the_o question_n be_v not_o particular_a as_o every_o apostle_n may_v preach_v abroad_o some_o apostle_n be_v not_o a_o pope_n therefore_o some_o pope_n may_v not_o preach_v abroad_o also_o every_o pope_n be_v a_o lord_n some_o pope_n may_v give_v a_o universal_a licence_n therefore_o every_o lord_n may_v give_v a_o universal_a licence_n less_o plain_a have_v one_o fallacy_n in_o common_a when_o the_o proposition_n be_v special_a as_o some_o player_n be_v a_o rogue_n every_o vagabond_n be_v rogue_n therefore_o every_o player_n be_v a_o vagabond_n also_o some_o player_n be_v a_o rogue_n every_o vagabond_n be_v a_o player_n therefore_o every_o player_n be_v a_o rogue_n the_o fallacy_n of_o the_o first_o kind_n be_v when_o all_o the_o part_n be_v affirmative_a as_o all_o paul_n bishop_n be_v ordain_v for_o unity_n all_o arch-bishop_n be_v ordain_v for_o unity_n therefore_o all_o arch-bishop_n be_v paul_n bishop_n the_o fallacy_n of_o the_o second_o kind_n be_v when_o the_o assumption_n be_v deny_v as_o every_o puritan_n be_v a_o christian._n no_o lord_n bishop_n be_v a_o puritan_n therefore_o no_o lord_n bishop_n be_v a_o christian._n hitherto_o of_o the_o fallacy_n refer_v to_o a_o simple_a syllogism_n now_o follow_v those_o which_o be_v refer_v to_o a_o compound_n which_o be_v those_o which_o be_v refer_v either_o to_o the_o connexive_a or_o to_o the_o disjoined_a of_o the_o first_o sort_n one_o be_v when_o the_o first_o part_n or_o antecedent_n be_v deny_v that_o the_o second_o or_o consequent_a may_v be_v so_o likewise_o as_o if_o any_o man_n have_v two_o benefice_n he_o may_v escape_v unpunished_a at_o the_o bishop_n hand_n but_o he_o may_v not_o have_v two_o benefice_n therefore_o he_o may_v not_o escape_v unpunished_a at_o the_o bishop_n hand_n the_o second_o part_n be_v affirm_v that_o the_o first_o may_v be_v so_o also_o as_o if_o every_o ignorant_a minister_n be_v put_v out_o of_o the_o church_n and_o a_o preacher_n in_o his_o place_n we_o shall_v have_v good_a order_n but_o we_o have_v good_a order_n therefore_o every_o ignorant_a minister_n be_v put_v out_o of_o the_o church_n and_o a_o preacher_n in_o his_o place_n of_o those_o refer_v to_o the_o disjoined_a the_o first_o be_v when_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o disjunction_n or_o proposition_n be_v not_o affirm_v as_o every_o ignorant_a minister_n be_v to_o be_v allow_v or_o not_o but_o he_o be_v not_o therefore_o he_o be_v the_o second_o kind_n be_v when_o the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o copulative_a negative_a axiom_n be_v deny_v that_o the_o first_o may_v be_v so_o as_o a_o non-resident_n be_v either_o a_o faithful_a or_o unfaithful_a minister_n but_o he_o be_v unfaithful_a ergo_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o fallacy_n in_o a_o syllogism_n the_o fallacy_n in_o method_n be_v when_o to_o deceive_v withal_o the_o end_n be_v set_v in_o the_o beginning_n the_o special_a before_o the_o general_a good_a order_n be_v go_v confound_v and_o final_o when_o darkness_n length_n and_o hardness_n be_v labour_v after_o pinis_fw-la a_o dialogue_n between_o a_o philosopher_n and_o a_o student_a of_o the_o common-law_n of_o england_n of_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n law_n what_o make_v you_o say_v that_o the_o study_n of_o the_o law_n be_v less_o rational_a than_o the_o study_n of_o the_o mathematics_n phylosoph_n i_o say_v not_o that_o for_o all_o study_n be_v rational_a or_o nothing_o worth_a but_o i_o say_v that_o the_o great_a master_n of_o the_o mathematics_n do_v not_o so_o often_o err_v as_o the_o great_a professor_n of_o the_o law_n law_n if_o you_o have_v apply_v your_o reason_n to_o the_o law_n perhaps_o you_o will_v have_v be_v of_o another_o mind_n ph._n in_o whatsoever_o study_n i_o examine_v whether_o my_o inference_n be_v rational_a and_o have_v look_v over_o the_o title_n of_o the_o statute_n from_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la downward_o to_o this_o present_a time_n i_o leave_v not_o one_o unread_a which_o i_o think_v may_v concern_v myself_o which_o be_v enough_o for_o i_o that_o mean_v not_o to_o plead_v for_o any_o but_o myself_o but_o i_o do_v not_o much_o examine_v which_o of_o they_o be_v more_o or_o less_o rational_a because_o i_o read_v they_o not_o to_o dispute_v but_o to_o obey_v they_o and_o see_v in_o all_o of_o they_o sufficient_a reason_n for_o my_o obedience_n and_o that_o the_o same_o reason_n though_o the_o statute_n themselves_o be_v change_v remain_v constant_a i_o have_v also_o diligent_o read_v over_o littleton_n book_n of_o tenor_n with_o the_o commentary_n thereupon_o of_o the_o renown_a lawyer_n sir_n ed._n coke_n in_o which_o i_o confess_v i_o find_v great_a subtlety_n not_o of_o the_o law_n but_o of_o inference_n from_o law_n and_o especial_o from_o the_o law_n of_o humane_a nature_n which_o be_v the_o law_n of_o reason_n and_o i_o confess_v that_o it_o be_v truth_n which_o he_o say_v in_o the_o epilogue_n to_o his_o book_n that_o by_o argument_n and_o reason_n in_o the_o law_n a_o man_n shall_v soon_o come_v to_o the_o certainty_n and_o knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n and_o i_o agree_v with_o sir_n edw._n coke_n who_o upon_o that_o text_n far_o that_o reason_n be_v the_o soul_n of_o the_o law_n and_o upon_o sect_n 138._o nihil_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la rationi_fw-la contrarium_fw-la est_fw-la licitum_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v nothing_o be_v law_n that_o be_v against_o reason_n and_o that_o reason_n be_v the_o life_n of_o the_o law_n nay_o the_o common_a law_n itself_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o reason_n and_o upon_o sect._n 21._o aequitas_fw-la est_fw-la perfecta_fw-la quaedam_fw-la ratio_fw-la quae_fw-la jus_fw-la scriptum_fw-la interpretatur_fw-la &_o emendat_fw-la nulla_fw-la scriptura_fw-la comprehensa_fw-la sed_fw-la solus_fw-la in_o vera_fw-la ratione_fw-la consistens_fw-la i_o e._n equity_n be_v a_o certain_a perfect_a reason_n that_o interprete_v and_o amend_v the_o law_n write_v itself_o be_v unwritten_a and_o consist_v in_o nothing_o else_o but_o right_a reason_n when_o i_o consider_v this_o and_o find_v it_o to_o be_v true_a and_o so_o evident_a as_o not_o to_o be_v deny_v by_o any_o man_n of_o right_a sense_n i_o find_v my_o own_o reason_n at_o a_o stand_n for_o it_o frustrate_v all_o the_o law_n in_o the_o world_n for_o upon_o this_o ground_n any_o man_n of_o any_o law_n whatsoever_o may_v say_v it_o be_v against_o reason_n and_o thereupon_o make_v a_o pretence_n for_o his_o disobedience_n i_o pray_v you_o clear_v this_o passage_n that_o we_o may_v proceed_v la._n i_o clear_v it_o thus_o out_o of_o sir_n edw._n coke_n i_o inst._n sect._n 138._o that_o this_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o a_o artificial_a perfection_n of_o reason_n get_v by_o long_a study_n observation_n and_o experience_n and_o not_o of_o every_o man_n natural_a reason_n for_o nemo_fw-la nascitur_fw-la artifex_n this_o legal_a reason_n be_v summa_fw-la ratio_fw-la and_o therefore_o if_o all_o the_o reason_n that_o be_v disperse_v into_o so_o many_o several_a head_n be_v unite_v into_o one_o yet_o can_v he_o not_o make_v such_o a_o law_n as_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v because_o by_o so_o many_o succession_n of_o age_n it_o have_v be_v fine_v and_o refine_v by_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o grave_a and_o learned_a men._n ph._n this_o do_v not_o clear_a the_o place_n as_o be_v partly_o obscure_a and_o partly_o untrue_a that_o the_o reason_n which_o be_v the_o life_n of_o the_o law_n shall_v be_v not_o natural_a but_o artificial_a i_o
enemy_n there_o be_v no_o end_n for_o the_o war_n will_v continue_v by_o a_o perpetual_a subdivision_n and_o when_o it_o end_v they_o will_v be_v in_o the_o same_o estate_n they_o be_v before_o that_o they_o be_v often_o abuse_v by_o man_n who_o to_o they_o seem_v wise_a when_o then_o their_o wisdom_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o envy_n to_o those_o that_o be_v in_o grace_n and_o in_o profitable_a employment_n and_o that_o those_o man_n do_v but_o abuse_v the_o common_a people_n to_o their_o own_o end_n that_o set_v up_o a_o private_a man_n propriety_n against_o the_o public_a safety_n but_o say_v withal_o that_o the_o king_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n both_o write_a and_o unwritten_a and_o to_o no_o other_o and_o so_o be_v william_n the_o conqueror_n who_o right_a it_o all_o descend_v to_o our_o present_a king_n la._n as_o to_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n which_o be_v equity_n it_o be_v sure_a enough_o there_o be_v but_o one_o legislator_n which_o be_v god_n ph._n it_o follow_v then_o that_o which_o you_o call_v the_o common-law_n distinct_a from_o statute-law_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o law_n of_o god_n la._n in_o some_o sense_n it_o be_v but_o it_o be_v not_o gospel_n but_o natural_a reason_n and_o natural_a equity_n ph._n will_v you_o have_v every_o man_n to_o every_o other_o man_n allege_v for_o law_n his_o own_o particular_a reason_n there_o be_v not_o among_o man_n a_o universal_a reason_n agree_v upon_o in_o any_o nation_n beside_o the_o reason_n of_o he_o that_o have_v the_o sovereign_a power_n yet_o though_o his_o reason_n be_v but_o the_o reason_n of_o one_o man_n yet_o it_o be_v set_v up_o to_o supply_v the_o place_n of_o that_o universal_a reason_n which_o be_v expound_v to_o we_o by_o our_o saviour_n in_o the_o gospel_n and_o consequent_o our_o king_n be_v to_o we_o the_o legislator_n both_o of_o statute-law_n and_o of_o common-law_n la._n yes_o i_o know_v that_o the_o law_n spiritual_a which_o have_v be_v law_n in_o this_o kingdom_n since_o the_o abolish_n of_o popery_n be_v the_o king_n law_n and_o those_o also_o that_o be_v make_v before_o for_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n be_v no_o law_n neither_o here_o nor_o any_o where_o else_o without_o the_o pope_n temporal_a dominion_n far_o than_o king_n and_o state_n in_o their_o several_a dominion_n respective_o do_v make_v they_o so_o ph._n i_o grant_v that_o but_o you_o must_v grant_v also_o that_o those_o spiritual_a law_n legislator_n of_o the_o spiritual_a law_n and_o yet_o not_o all_o king_n and_o state_n make_v law_n by_o consent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o but_o our_o king_n here_o be_v so_o far_o bind_v to_o their_o assent_n as_o he_o shall_v judge_v conduce_v to_o the_o good_a and_o safety_n of_o his_o people_n for_o example_n if_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o shall_v advise_v he_o to_o restore_v those_o law_n spiritual_a which_o in_o queen_n mary_n time_n be_v in_o force_n i_o think_v the_o king_n be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n oblige_v without_o the_o help_n of_o any_o other_o law_n of_o god_n to_o neglect_v such_o advice_n la._n i_o grant_v you_o that_o the_o king_n be_v sole_a legislator_n but_o with_o this_o restriction_n that_o if_o he_o will_v not_o consult_v with_o the_o lord_n of_o parliament_n and_o hear_v the_o complaint_n and_o information_n of_o the_o commons_o that_o be_v best_a acquaint_v with_o their_o own_o want_n he_o sin_v against_o god_n though_o he_o can_v be_v compel_v to_o any_o thing_n by_o his_o subject_n by_o arm_n and_o force_n ph._n we_o be_v agree_v upon_o that_o already_o since_o therefore_o the_o king_n be_v sole_a legislator_n i_o think_v it_o also_o reason_n he_o shall_v be_v sole_a supreme_a judge_n la._n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n of_o that_o for_o otherwise_o there_o will_v be_v no_o congruity_n of_o judgement_n with_o the_o law_n i_o grant_v also_o that_o he_o be_v the_o supreme_a judge_n over_o all_o person_n judge_n and_o in_o all_o cause_n civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a within_o his_o own_o dominion_n not_o only_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n at_o this_o time_n but_o that_o he_o have_v ever_o be_v so_o by_o the_o common-law_n for_o the_o judge_n of_o both_o the_o bench_n have_v their_o office_n by_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n and_o so_o as_o to_o judicature_n have_v the_o bishop_n also_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n have_v his_o office_n by_o receive_v from_o the_o king_n the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n and_o to_o say_v all_o at_o once_o there_o be_v no_o magistrate_n or_o commissioner_n for_o public_a business_n neither_o of_o judicature_n nor_o execution_n in_o state_n or_o church_n in_o peace_n or_o war_n but_o he_o be_v make_v so_o by_o authority_n from_o the_o king_n ph._n it_o be_v true_a but_o perhaps_o you_o may_v â—â—ink_v otherwise_o when_o you_o read_v such_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o say_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v â—ave_n power_n and_o authority_n to_o do_v this_o or_o that_o by_o virtue_n of_o that_o act_n as_o eliz._n c._n 1._o that_o your_o highness_n your_o heir_n and_o successor_n king_n or_o queen_n of_o this_o realm_n shall_v have_v â—â—ll_v power_n and_o authority_n by_o virtue_n of_o this_o act_n by_o letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n to_o assign_v etc._n etc._n be_v it_o not_o this_o parliament_n that_o give_v this_o authority_n to_o the_o queen_n la._n for_o the_o statute_n in_o this_o clause_n be_v no_o more_o than_o as_o sir_n edw._n coke_n use_v to_o speak_v a_o affirmance_n of_o the_o common-law_n for_o she_o be_v head_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n may_v make_v commissioner_n for_o the_o deâ—iding_n of_o matter_n ecclesiastical_a as_o free_o â—s_v if_o she_o have_v be_v pope_n who_o do_v you_o know_v pretend_v his_o right_n from_o the_o law_n of_o god_n ph._n we_o have_v hitherto_o speak_v of_o law_n without_o consider_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o essence_n of_o a_o law_n and_o now_o unless_o we_o define_v the_o word_n law_n we_o can_v go_v no_o â—arther_o without_o ambiguity_n and_o fallacy_n which_o will_v be_v but_o loss_n of_o time_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o agreement_n upon_o our_o word_n will_v enlighten_v all_o we_o have_v to_o say_v â—hereafter_o la._n i_o do_v not_o remember_v the_o definition_n of_o law_n in_o any_o statute_n ph._n i_o think_v so_o for_o the_o statute_n be_v make_v by_o authority_n and_o not_o draw_v from_o any_o other_o principle_n than_o the_o care_n of_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n statute_n be_v not_o philosophy_n as_o be_v the_o common-law_n and_o other_o disputable_a art_n but_o be_v command_n or_o prohibition_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v obey_v because_o assent_v to_o by_o submission_n make_v to_o the_o conqueror_n here_o in_o england_n and_o to_o whosoever_o have_v the_o sovereign_a power_n in_o other_o common_a wealth_n so_o that_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o all_o place_n be_v statute_n the_o definition_n of_o law_n be_v therefore_o unnecessary_a for_o the_o maker_n of_o statute_n though_o very_o necessary_a to_o they_o who_o work_n it_o be_v to_o teach_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o law_n la._n there_o be_v a_o accurate_a definition_n of_o a_o law_n in_o bracton_n cite_v by_o sir_n edw._n coke_n lex_fw-la est_fw-la sanctio_fw-la justa_fw-la jubens_fw-la honesta_fw-la &_o prohibens_fw-la contraria_fw-la ph._n that_o be_v to_o say_v law_n be_v a_o just_a statute_n command_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v honest_a and_o forbid_v the_o contrary_a from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o in_o all_o case_n it_o must_v be_v the_o honesty_n or_o dishonesty_n that_o make_v the_o command_n a_o law_n whereas_o you_o know_v that_o but_o for_o the_o law_n we_o can_v not_o as_o say_v st._n paul_n have_v know_v what_o be_v sin_n therefore_o this_o definition_n be_v no_o ground_n at_o all_o for_o any_o far_a discourse_n of_o law_n beside_o you_o know_v the_o rule_n of_o honest_a and_o dishonest_a refer_v to_o honour_n and_o that_o it_o be_v justice_n only_o and_o injustice_n that_o the_o law_n respect_v but_o that_o which_o i_o most_o except_v against_o in_o this_o definition_n be_v that_o it_o suppose_v that_o a_o statute_n make_v by_o the_o sovereign_a power_n of_o a_o nation_n may_v be_v unjust_a there_o may_v indeed_o in_o a_o statute_n law_n make_v by_o man_n be_v find_v iniquity_n but_o not_o injustice_n la._n this_o be_v somewhat_o subtle_a i_o pray_v deal_v plain_o what_o be_v the_o difference_n between_o injustice_n and_o iniquity_n ph._n i_o pray_v you_o tell_v i_o first_o what_o be_v the_o difference_n between_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n and_o a_o court_n of_o equity_n la._n a_o court_n of_o justice_n be_v that_o which_o have_v cognizance_n of_o such_o cause_n as_o be_v to_o be_v end_v by_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o a_o