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england_n	great_a	king_n	scotland_n	13,096	5	8.4515	4	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A16490	A treatise, concerning the causes of the magnificencie and greatnes of cities, deuided into three bookes by Sig: Giouanni Botero, in the Italian tongue; now done into English by Robert Peterson, of Lincolnes Inne Gent. Seene and allowed; Delle cause della grandezza delle città. English	Botero, Giovanni, 1540-1617.; Peterson, Robert, fl. 1576-1606.	1606 (1606)	STC 3405; ESTC S106249	59,704	122

such safety is most found in mountaines craggy places or small and little Ilands or such other like that are not easily to be approched or come vnto After the generall deluge of the world in the time of Noe while men feared their might a fresh happen such another ruin again vpon thē th y sought to secure thēselues some by building their habitations vpon the tops of high hils some by aduancing huge Towers of incredible height and greatnes euen vp to the heauens And without doubt for this respect the Cittyes seated vpon the mountaines are for antiquity the most noble And the Towers are of the most ancient forme and kind of buildings that euer were vsed in this world But after the feare of a new deluge was past and gone men began to draw them selues downe and to erect their habitations in the plaines vntill the Terror of Armies and the swarme and feare of fyerce and cruell people enforced thē a fresh to saue them selues on the steepenes of the hilles or in the Ilands of the Seas or in the maryshes and bogges or other such like places When the Moores subdued Spaine brought it into miserable seruitude bondage Such as escaped with their liues out of the lamentable slaughter that was made of them Some retyred themselues vp to the highest mountaines of Biscay and of Aragon and some betaking them to their shipping saued themselues in the Iland of the seauen Cittyes so called bycause seauen Bishoppes seated themselues therein with their people The cru●…ll Ruine that Tamberlan carryed with him wheresoeuer he came made the people of Persia the coūtryes bordering therupon to abandon and forsake their ancient natiue countries like birds that are scattered and to saue their liues by flyght Some vpon the mount Taurus some vpō Antitaurus and some fled into the little Ilands of the Caspian Se●… And as the people of Istria at the cōming of the Slaui retyred to the Iland Capraria and th●…re built Giustinopoli So the people of Gallia Transpadana at the entry of the Lombards into Italie saued themselues within the maryshes where they built the Towne of Crema But forasmuch as to the naturall strength of those places neyther great conueniencie either of Territory or Trafique or good meanes to draw Trade or entercourse lent for the most part any helpe vnto them there was neuer seen Citty there of any great fame or memory But if the places whereto men are driuen of necessity to fly haue in them besides their safety any cōmodity of importance it will be an easy thing for them to encrease both with people and with riches and with buildings In this manner the Citties of Leuant and of Barbarie became populous and great thorough the multitude of Iewes that Ferdinando the King of Spayne and Emanuel the King of Portingall cast out of their Kingdomes as in particuler Salonica Rhodes And in these our dayes in England many Cittyes haue much encreased within fewe yeares both in people and in Trade through the resort of the lowe country people to it and especially London wherevnto many thousands of famylyes haue resorted themselues About the yeare of the Lord. 1400. while the Saracenes did put to fyer sword the Genouaes all the country there about Pisa did mightily encrease For to the strength of the place the country yeelded also plenty of al good things cōmodity of trafique At the cōming of Attyla into Italy the people of Lombardy being wonderfully affrayd thorough the horrible wast and ruine he brought with him fled to saue themselues into the Ilands of the Adriaticke Seas and there built many Townes Cittyes And after that in the warres that Pypin raysd against thē forsaking the places that were not secure and safe ynough as Ex quilinum Heraclea Palestin Malamocco they drew themselues neere to Rialto into one body and so by that meanes grew Venice magnificent and great CAP. IIII. How the Romanes encreased the Citty of Rome by wasting their neighbours Townes THe Romanes to make their owne country in any sort great famous furnished themselues very carefully euer with strength and power For to make their neighbour people of necessity glad and willing to draw themselues to Rome and there to dwell they ouer-threw their Townes euen downe to the ground So did Tullus Hostilius cast Alba downe to the earth a most strong Citty Tarquinius Pris●…us laid also playne Cornicolo a Citty abounding in mighty wealth Seruius Tullus made Pometia desert and in the tyme of liberty they vtterly destroyed Veios a Citty of such strength and power that with much a doe after a siege of ten yeares it was by cunning more than strength vanquished and ouerthrowen Now these people and such other hauing no dwelling place to draw themselues vnto nor to liue secure and safe they were enforst to chaunge their countryes with Rome which by this meanes wonderfully waxed great both in people and in riches CAP. V. That some haue gotten the Inhabitants of other townes in to their owne Citties THe like meanes to the former but somewhat more gentell the Romains vsed to appopulate and make great their owne Citty And that was to bring the people home whome they had subdued or the most of thē to Rome Romulus in this manner drew into the Citty the Seninenses the Antennates and the Crustumini But no country amplified more the Citty of Rome then the Sabines For in a sharpe and mighty fight with them after a longe and hard conflict he made a peace And the condicion was that Tatius the King of the Sabines should come with all his people to dwell in Rome Which condicion Tatius did accept and made choyse of the Capitoll and of the mount Quirinalis for his Seat and Pallace The same course did An●…us Martiu●… take who gaue the hill 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to the Latines when they were taken from their cittyes Politorio Tellena and Fic●…na The great Tamberlan also he amplified enlarged mightely the great Sarmacanda in bringing to it the richest and the wealthiest persons of the cittyes he had subdued And the O●…tomans to make the citty of Constantinople rich and great they haue brought to it many thousand families especially artificers out of the cittyes they haue subdued As Mahomet the second from Trebisonda Selim the first from Cairo and Soliman from Tauris CAP. VI. Of Pleasure MEn are also drawen to liue together in Society thorough the delight and pleasure that eyther the Scite of the place or the art of man doth minister and yeild vnto them The Scite by the freshnes of the ayre the pleasant view of the valleis the pleasing shade of the woodes the cōmodity to hunt and the abundance of good waters Of all which good things Antioche in Soria is liberally endowed and Damascus no lesse Bursia in Bithinia Cordoua and Siuill in Spaine and many other good townes elsewhere Vnto

and the sundry and the admirable workes there wrought with inestimable Art and Cunninge It gaue not a iot of ground to the mynes of Hungary nor yet of Transiluania There was not a Country throughout all Europe neither more rich nor more inhabited then it no not one part of Europe nor of the world that had so many good Cities so great and so well frequented of forreiners and strangers So that not without good cause by reason of the incomparable treasure the Emperor Charles drew out of it some called those countryes the Emperors Indies Nature bringeth forth her formes in Materia prima And mans Art and cunning worketh vpon the naturall compound a thousand kindes of artificiall formes For nature is to the workeman the same that Materia prima is to the naturall agent A Prince therefore that will make his City populous must draw to it all sorts kindes of Art cunning Which he shall bring to passe if he bring out of other countries excellent artificers giue thē enterteinment conueniēt seate to dwell vpon if he reckon of good witts and est●…eme of singuler and rare inuentions and workemanship if other while also he doe reward perfection and excellen●…y in things of Art and cunning But aboue all things it is very necessarie the Prince suffer not rude vnwrought things to be caried out of his dominion Viz neither Wooll nor Silke nor Timber nor Mettall nor any other such like thing For with such matter the artificers will also goe away And vpon the trade of vnwrought stuffe or matter liue a greater nūber than vpō the simple matter it selfe alone And the Princes reuenew comes to be much greater by the exstraction of the worker than by the stuffe or matter As for example by the Veluets then by the Silkes by the Rash thē by the Woolles by the Linnen then by the Flaxe by the Cordage than by the Hempe The Kings of England and of France aware of these things not many yeares since made a law against the carying out of Woolles out of their dominions And the King of Spaine did afterward the like But these lawes could not be obserued so strictly by and by For these prouinces abounding with an infinite deale of fine Wooll they had not so many workemen as could ouer come it all And although the Princes afore said happely made this law for their owne particuler good bycause the profit and the custome that ryseth of the clothes is far greater then that which riseth of the wooll alone yet notwithstanding this lawe was good for the benefit of the whole countrie inasmuch as a nūber of people more doe liue vpon the wrought cloathes then vpon the rude and vnwrought Wooll out of which growes the riches and the greatnes of the King For the multitude of people is it that makes the Earth fruitfull and it that with the hand and with Art giueth a thousand formes to the naturall stuffe or matter And thus far the 3. chapter of the 8. booke of Boterus of the reason of State CAP. VII Of Priuiledges THe people are in these our daies so greeuously opprest and taxed by their Princes who are driuen to it partly of couetousnes and partly of necessitie that they greedely imbrase the least hope that may be of priuiledge and freedōe whensoeuer it is offered Whereof the Martes Faiers and Markets beare good witnesse which are frequented with a mighty concourse of trades men marchants and people of all sorts not for any respect else but that they are there free and franke from customes and exactions In our daies the Princely Citie of Naples through the exemptions and freedomes granted to the Inhabitants is most notably encreased both in buildings and in people And it would haue encreased a great deale more if through the greeses and suits of the Barons there whose lāds were vnfurnished of people or for some other peculiar reason the King of Spaine had not seuerely forbidden to enlarge it with further buildings The Cities in Flaunders are the most merchantable and the most frequented Cities for commerce and traffique that are in all Europe Yf you require the cause surely the exemptions from custome is the cheefest cause of it For the merchandize that is brought in and carried out and it is infinit that is brought in and carryed out payd but a very small custome All such as haue erected new Cities in times past to draw concourse of people to it haue graunted of necessitie large Immunities and priuiledges at least to the first Inhabitants thereof The like haue they done that haue restored Cities emptied with the plague consumed with the warres or afflicted otherwise with some other scourge of God The plague mencioned by Boccas that languished all Italie neere 3. yeares together was so fierce that from March to Iuly it tooke out of the world about an hundred thousand soules within Florence It slew also such a number within Venice as in a maner it became a desert So that the Senat to haue it reinhabited caused proclamation to be made that all such as would come thither with their families and dwell there two yeares together should haue the freedome of the Citie The same cōmon weale of Venice hath been also more than once deliuered out of extreame necessitie of victualls by promising priuiledge and freedome to such as brought them corne CAP. VIII Of hauing in her possession some merchandize of moment IT will also greatly helpe to drawe people to our Citie if shee haue some good store of vendible merchandize alwaies in her possession Which happely may be where through the goodnes of the soyle either all of it doth grow or a great part or that at least which is more excellent than other All as the Cloues in the Moluccaes the Frankinsence and sweet smelling goomes in Sabea the Balsam in Palestin Or where a good part of it doth grow as Pepper doth in Calicut and Sinamom in Zeilan or where it is most excellent as Salt is in Ciprus Sugers at Madera and Wooll in some Cities of Spaine and England There is also to be added vnto this the excellencie of Art and workemanship which through the qualitie of the water or the skill cunning of the Inhabitants or some hidden misterie of theirs or other such like cause chaunceth to be in one place more excellent then another As the Armor in Damascus and in Scyras Tapestrie in Arras Rash in Florence Veluets in Genoa Cloth of Gold and Siluer in Milan and Scarlet in Venice And to this purpose I cannot passe it ouer but I must declare vnto you that in China all Artes in a maner florishe in the highest decree of excellency that may be for many reasons but amongst the rest chiefely for this bycause the children are bound to follow their fathers mistery and trade So that forasmuch as they are borne as it were with a resolute minde to follow their fathers Art the fathers

great by granting freedomes and immunities vnto them Fol. 30. Cities that are free more eminent and better stored with people than Cities subiect vnto Monarchies Fol. 3●… Cities made great by imparting their freedomes and their offices to others Fol. 32. Cities made great by erecting goodly monuments buildings in them Fol. 33. Cities made great by the helpe of neere Colonies about them Fol. 35. Cities made great by erecting vniuersities in them Fol. 42. Cities made great by the residence of the Nobility in them Fol. 63. Cities made great by the residence of the Prince in them Fol. 65. Cities seated on the Ocean are the best for Marchandize Fol. 79. Cities exceeding great are more subiect to Plagues and dearth than the lesser Cities are Fol. 81. 93. Commodious conduct of ware is not ynough to make a Citie great but there must be some other vertue attractiue vnto it Fol. 29. Cities once growen to a certaine number encrease not further on and the cause why Fol 92. 94. Cities are maintained by iustice peace and plenty Fol 97. Cities that haue delight and pleasures in them drawe forrey●…ert to come vnto them Fol 9. 10. 11. Cities which are of greatest reputation in Spaine Fol 83. Crema and her beginning Fol 7. Children in Chyna bound to learne their fathers art and occupation Fol 56. Cloaues had from the Moluccaes Fol 55. Constantinople the principallest Citie in Europe Fol 80. 81. Constantinople and the description thereof Fol 80. Constantinople euerie third yeare visited with the plague Fol 81. D Dominion maketh a Citie great and by what meanes Fol 60. Dominion gotten by meere strength and force holdeth not long Fol 12. E AEthiop hath no greate Cities Fol 79. Europe and her great Cities Fol 82. F Fraunce the Nobility and gent. there do mostly inhabite the country and not the Cities Fol 62. Fraunce plentifull of all necessary things Fol 17. Fraūce and the greatnes therof with the number of people it doth containe Fol 82. G Gaunt how many people it doth containe Fol 82. Genoua serueth for passage and yet a great Citie Fol 15. God how he is desired of all creatures Fol 39. H Hierusalem the greatest Citie of the East Fol 36. Honor is atteyned by Armes and by learning Fol 41. 42. I Immunity increaseth a Citie Fol 42. Immunitie the meanes to cause people to come together Fol 42. Incense from Sabea Fol 55. Idolatry by whome and for what cause it was set vp Fol 37. Industrie of man of more importe than the fruitfulnes of the land Fol 48. 49. Italie the description thereof Fol 79. Iustice ministred with expedition in Rome England Scotland and Turky Fol 46. The Tribunall seat of Iustice is the most principall member of a State Fol 46. The s●…at of Iustice makes great repaire to Cities and makes Cities great Fol 45. 46. L Lisborne a great Citie Fol 15. 82. Lisborne how many people it doth conteine Fol 82. London encreased by the resort of the Hollanders Fol 6. 83. London how many people it doth containe Fol 82. Lakes are in a manner little Seas auaile much to people a Citie Fol 19. M Media the Kings thereof made their residence in Echatana Fol 68. Memphis and the greatnes thereof Fol 66. Milan aduanced by the religious life of the Cardinall Boro●…meo Fol 40. Moscouia three famous Cities in that Empire Fol 84. Mony makes men trudge from place to place Fol 45. Multitude breedeth confusion Fol 87. Merchandize helpeth greatly to thencrease of a Citie Fol 55. N Naples how many people it doth conteine Fol 82. Necessity enforceth men to draw themselues together Fol 4. Nilus the riuer and his effects Fol 24. 25. Niniuie and the greatnes thereof Fol 67. P Palermo and the description thereof Fol 85. Panchin a mightie great Citie in China Fol 72. Paris exceedeth all the Cities of Cristendome in people and plenty of all things Fol 24. 44. Pepper a good part thereof doth grow in Calicut Fol 55. Pearles where the best are had Fol 74. Persia the Kings therof made their residēce in Persepolis Fol 68. Pysa grew great vpon the sacking of Genoua Fol 6. Plague mencioned in Boccace most fierce and cruell Fol 54. Poloma and her Cities Fol 84. Ports of the Sea which are good Fol 19. Power consisteth in the multitude of people Fol 87. 88. Prage how many people it doth containe Fol 82. R Reputation of a religious zeale and feare of God maketh a Citie great Fol 36. Residency of the Nobility causeth the encrease of a Citie Fol 62. Residency of the Prince magnifieth a City Fol 65. Residency of the Pope causeth the greatnes of Rome Fol 86. Rhodes grew great thorough the multitude of Iewes that repaired thither Fol 6. Rome and the prayse thereof Fol 10. Rome great by the ruine of her neighbour Cities Fol 7. Rome great by meanes of her reliques and the Popes residency therein Fol 40. Riuers how much they import for caryage of goods Fol 20. Riuers some better then some for transportation Fol 23. Riuers of name Fol 28. Riuers in Spaine not greatly nauigable Fol 26 Romanes how they came fierce Fol 31. Riuers in Italy but few that are nauigable Fol 79. S Salonicha grew great by the multitude of Iewes that fled thyther out of Spaine and Portugall Fol 6. Sarmacanda and the greatnes of it Fol 69. Sena a riuer and the properties thereof Fol 24. Scituation what manner of one is fit to make a Citie great Fol 13. Spaine containeth no very great Cities Fol 83. Suntien a Citie in China which is in circuit an 100. miles about Fol 72. Sinamom a good part thereof doth grow in Zeilan Fol 55. T Tartaria and the Empire thereof Fol 68. Tauris a Citie in Persia 16. miles about Fol 68. Tamberlane the mighty spoyle and pray ●…e made vpon Damascus Fol 69. Thebes and the greatnes thereof Fol 65. 66. Towers the most ancient manner and forme of building that we haue Fol 4. 5. Trades occupations brought into a City make it great Fol 48. 52. V Venice by what meanes it grew great Fol 7. 64. Venice and her prayse Fol 11. Venice serues for passage and yet a great and mighty City Fol 15. Usages and manners most barbarous and horrible of the new world and other countries Fol 95. W Water created of God not only for an Element but also for a meanes of transportacion of goods out of one country into another Fol 18. Water more commodious then the land Fol 18. Water one sort more apt to beare burdens then an other Fol 23. Wayes 2. most famous made and cut out of about 2000. miles in length by the King of Cusco Waies very bad thorough out Italy Fol 60. Wooll most excellent in England and in Spaine Fol 55. FINIS Brasill Noe. Biscay Aragon Tamberlan Giustinopoli Gallia trāspadana Saracenes Rialto Venice Alba. Cornicolo Pometia Veios Tatius King of the Sabines Tamberlan Sarmacanda Ottoman Mahomet Selim. Thespis Samos Alexandria Menisis Rhodes Babilon Rome Uenice Derben ū Sues Premont England London Fraunce Paris Coaches with failes Lakes Noua His pania Mexico Themistitā Riuers Chanell Nilus Heroum Marerubrum Cayrus Alepo Gant Bruges Milan Thesinum Lago maggiore Depth Pleasātnes Thicknes Largenes Gallia Belgica Celtica Flanders Riuers of Lombardy Riuers of Romagna Tiber. Nilus Questio Nilus Resolutio Fiesole Florence Rome Messina Naples Carthagena Genoua Catharo Perù Maragnone a riuer in Perù The riuer of Plate Riuer of Canada Angola foce Riuer of Coanza Riuers Menan Meicon Indus Obuius Romulus Geneua Cassimire Cosmus Municipiū is euery City or towne hauing the liberty that Rome had Alba longa This chatter here mēcioned is written at large in the end of this bo●…ke 2. Millions and a halfe of people in Hierusalem which was but 4. myles about * Irreligious people * Orbiculary period Rome * King of Spaine * New Doctrine Sectes Question Resolution Wooll Silke Cloues Incense Balsame Pepper Sinamom Salt Suger Wooll Armor Tapestry Veluet Cloth of gold ad siluer Ch●…a King of Cusco Draudius sexce●…ta milia Carthage 24 miles about Rome 50. miles about besides the Suburbs Cusco a princely Citie in Perù Cacicha viceroy or Lieuetenāt Armenia Tygranocerta Venice Egipt the ancientest Kingdome Thebes Memphis Thebes 17. miles about Alexandria Cayrus Draudius The greatnes of Cayrus Niniue 60. miles about Draudius Babilon was 480 furlongs in circuit Califfe Media Ecbatana Persepolis Tauris in Persia 16. miles in compas Tartaria Mogora Cataia Sarmarcanda enriched by Tamberlane 8000. Camells laden with spoyle 60. M. Draudius The Kingdome of Cambaia Citor Citor a Citie 12. miles about The great Cham. Chiambalù 28. miles in compasse besides the suburbes The kingdome of China Three great Cities in China Polisanga Suntien a Citie in Circuit 100. miles about Cantan Sanchieo Vechieo Chinchieo The Indian Nut is called Cocus is full of milke and sayd to be restora●…e Vitei Chiambalù Aethiop The great Nego Asia Constantinople Mare Euxinum Propontis Archipelagus Constantinople 1●… miles about Plague euery third yeare in Cōstantinople Plague euery seauenth yeare in Cayrus Tremise Tunis Morocco Fess. France Paris 12. miles in compas Paris containeth 450 M. persons England Naples c. London Lisbon London Naples Spaine Granada Siuilia 6. miles about Uagliadoid Madrid Polonia Cracouium Vilna Moscouia Moscouia Cōstantinople Paris Lisbon the chiefest Cities in Europe Scicilia Siracusa Palermo Draudius 17. thousand Serafo is ●… coy●…e in India worth 4. shillings Sterl and of Spanish m●…ny a peece of 8. which is 4. shillings

body And thervpon our forefathers in times past called the Goddesse of Artes Sciences Minerua bycause the toyl●… of speculation weakeneth the strength and cutts the synewes For an afflicted body afflicteth many times the minde whereof groweth melancholy and sadnes And therefore it standes with good reason that all conuenient priuiledge and libertie be granted vnto schollers that may maintaine thē in contēted cherefull mindes but no dissolutenes allowed in any wise vnto them whereof the Academies in Italie are growen too full For the penne is there turned into a poynado and the penner into a flaske and tutch-box for a gunne the disputations in to bloody brawlings the Scholes into listes and the Schollers into cutters and to hacksters Honesty is there flowted at and scorned and bashfulnes modesty accounted a discredit and a shame 〈◊〉 that a young man that were like ynough to lead the modest and sober life of a good student shall haue much to do if he scape to be vndone But let vs leaue complaints And yet I must needes say thus much first no Academy can florish aright without quarrels cards and dice be banisht quite clean cast out Francis the first king of France bycause the schollers of the vniuersity of Paris which in his time were almost an infinite sight should haue commoditie and meanes to take the ayre and to recreate thēselues with honest exercises he assigned them a great meadow neere the Cittie and the Riuer where without let or trouble to them they might disport and solace themselues at their will and pleasure There they fell to wrastling there they plaid at the barriers at the ball and the foote ball there did they cast the sled and leape and runne with such cheerefullnes and pastime as it delighted the beholders thereof no lesse then themselues And so ceaseth by this meanes the clatter and the noyse of weapons and of Armor and also playe at cardes and dice. For the same reasons it is necessarie that the Citie wherein you will found an Academy be of an wholesome ayre and of a pleasant and delightful●…●…cituatiō where there may be both riuers fountaines springs and woods For these things of themselues without any other helpe are apt to delight chere vp the spirits and mindes of Students Such were in times past Athens and Rhodes where all good artes and learning florished most aboue all other Galeazzo Viscount besides these inuitings and allurements being earnestly desirous to illustrate and appopulate Pauia was the first that forbad his subiects vnder a great paine to goe any where else to studie which course some Princes else of Italie haue since his time followed But these are meanes full of distrust and trouble The honorable and notable meanes to reteine subiects in their country and to draw strangers also home to it is to procure them meanes of honest recreation to prouide them plenty of victuall to maintaine to them their priui●…edges to giue them occasion to ryse to degrees of honor by their learned exercises to make account of good wi●…ts and to reward them well but aboue all to store them with plenty of doctors and learned men of great fame and reputation The great Pompey was not ashamed to enter into the Schooles For after he had conquered all the East he went to the Schooles at Rhodes to heare the professors there dispute But for a far greater reason Sigismond king of Polonia gaue a strait commaundement that none of his subiect●… should wander abroad out of his kingdome to study any where else And the Catholique king commaunded the like not many yeares since And it was to this end that his Subiects should not be infected with the Heresies that beganne in the time of king Sigismond and are at the heigth in these our dayes throughout all the Prouinces of the North. CAP. V. Of the place of Iustice. OVr liues our honor and our substance are all in the hands of the Iudge For loue and charitie fayling in all places the violence couetousnes of wicked men doth daily the more encrease from whome if the iudges doe not defend vs our busines what soeuer we do will ill go forward For this cause Cities that haue royall audience Senators Parliaments or other sorts and kindes of Courts of Iustice must needes be much frequented aswell for concourse of people that haue cause of Suite vnto it as also for the execution of iustice For it cannot be ministred without the helpe of many presidents I meane Senators Aduocates Proctors Sollicitors Notaries and such like Nay more then that which it greeues me to thinke on Expedition of iustice cannot be had in these our daies without ready money For nothing in the world doth make men run so fast as currant money For the Adamāt is not of such force to draw Iron vnto it as gold is to turne the eyes the mindes of men this way that way and which way they list And the reason is plaine bycause gold euen thorough the very vertue thereof conteineth in it all greatnes all cōmodities and all earthly good whatsoeuer To be short he that hath money hath you may say all worldly things that are to be had In these dayes through the plenty of money which the administration of iustice doth carry with it the Metropolitan Cities if they may not haue the whole administration of Ciuile and Criminall causes they will yet reserue at least vnto them the chiefest causes and all appeales Which is well done for matter of State whereof the iudiciall authority is a principall member by the meanes whereof they are the patrones and protectors of the life and goods of the Subiect But there must be a regard to the proffit that we haue poynted at This goes currant in all places especially where in iudiciall causes they do proceed according to the common vse and cours of the lawes of the Romans For that course and forme is longer and requireth more Ministers than the other In England and Scotland but especially in Turky where a short course is taken in tryall of causes euen as it were at the first sitting of the Iudge It profiteth little to encrease the greatnes of a Citie to hold pleas there Forasmuch as difficult and hard causes are in an after none as it were decided there and ended if sufficient witnes be produced at the hearing of the cause These adiornaments and many Termes are there cut off And Instruments Processe Officers and Mediators haue there no place Within a few blowes giuen they come to the halfe Sword So that the time the expence and the number of persons are far lesse and much fewer then the ciuile Lawes do require I speake not these things to the end I would haue causes prolonged and suites made eternall For they are to long already without more a doe And in doing iustice delay which receiueth no excuse by colour or pretence of warines and care to commit no error