security to all interests to perswade a re-admission of the Lord Richard to his Protectorship which was well answered by a stout Officer telling them their onely end in that was to set up one again whom they themselves had already learn'd to pull down that they were under command and knew it their duty not to dispute but to submit to what orders they received from their superiours which they likewise wished them to doe The dispute being ended they prepare for action but Col. Alureds Troop deserting them Lambert seeing himself forsaken seeks to fly but providence had so ordered it that notwithstanding he was mounted on a Barbery which might have hastned him in his flight yet being on ploughed land his Horse was of little advantage to him And now he who before had gained the name of stout and valiant in many battles when he saw Col. Ingoldsby ride up to him and demand him prisoner was presently taken without drawing his sword and driven to that pittyfull shift to cry out Pray my Lord let me Escape Pray my Lord let me Escape There were taken with him Colonel Cobbet Major Creed Lieutenant Colonel Young Captain Timothy Clare Captain Gregory and Captain Spinage and some other private souldiers Colonel Okey Colonel Axtel and Captain Cleer Okeys son in law escaped though pursued four miles April the 24. the day before the Parliament sitting they were brought up prisoners to the Council who after examination committed Lambert Cobbet and Creed close prisoners to the Tower The same day the Militia forces of the City Trained Bands and Auxiliaries according to an Order of the Council marched into Hide Park the Mayor in his Coller of S's with the Mace Sword and Cap of Maintenance the Aldermen in Scarlet and the Commissioners of the Militia in handsome equipage going before them to a place erected for their entertainment Each Col. had his Tent and their Regiments very full severall of the Nobility and Gentry of great quality going as Voluntiers in Alderman Robinsons Regiment were 250. in the rest very many The Regiments were all so gallantly accountered as did sufficiently speak both the riches and strength of the City there being little visible difference betwixt the Trained Bands and Auxiliaries but onely in their age This certainly was an happy Omen of our future settlement that the day before the sitting of the Parliament there should not onely appear so gallant a Body of able Citizens to defend them but the Chief of that faction that endeavoured the disturbance of the Nation should be delivered into their hands and the rest of his Accomplices timely discovered and dispersed April 25. both Houses of Parliament met at Saint Margarets Church in Westminster where Doctor Reynolds preached before them taking his Text out of Mal. 4. ver 2. The Sermon ended they repaired to their Houses The Lords made choice of the Earl of Manchester for their Speaker the House of Commons of Sir Harbotle Grimstone This was a great joy to the whole Nation to see our Grand Council restored again to their former priveledges a large step to our ancient freedome yet not comparable to what the first of May produced when both Houses of Parliament and Generall Monck received each of them a Letter from his most Sacred Majesty King Charles the second with a gracious Declaration to all his Loving Subjects brought by Sir John Greenvil since made Earl of Bath His Letters speake his piety and unwearied care for his Subjects prosperity desiring rather to prepare and improve the affections of his Subjects at home for his restauration then to procure assistance from abroad though then propounded to him to invade either of his kingdomes Our intended brevity will not permit us to give you the exact draught of his Letters though deserving to be Registred in Letters of Gold take a view of his gracious expressions of piety goodness and love to the Nation in this his following Declaration CHARLES R. CHARLES by the Grace of God King of England Scotland France and Ireland Defender of the Faith c. To all our Loving Subjects of what degree or quality soever greeting If the generall distraction and confusion which is spread over the whole kingdome doth not awaken all men to a desire and longing that those wounds which have so many years together been kept bleeding may be bound up all we can say will be to no purpose However after this long silence We have thought it Our duty to declare how much We desire to contribute thereunto And that as We can never give over the hope in good time to obtain the possession of that Right which God and Nature hath made our due so we doe make it our daily suit to the Divine Providence that he will in compassion to Us and Our Subjects after so long misery and suffering remit and put Us into a quiet and peaceable possession of that Our right with as little blood and damage to Our people as is possible Nor doe we desire more to enjoy what is Ours then that all Our Subjects may enjoy what by Law is theirs by a full and entire Administration of Justice throughout the Land and by extending Our mercy where it is wanted and deserved And to the end that the fear of punishment may not engage any Conscious to themselves of what is passed to a perseverance in guilt for the future by opposing the quiet and happinesse of their Country in the restauration both of King Peers and People to their Just Ancient and Fundamentall Rights We do by these presents declare That We doe grant a free and generall pardon which We are ready upon demand to passe under Our Great Seal of England to all Our Subjects of what degree or quality soever who within fourty days after the publishing hereof shall lay hold upon this Our grace and favour and shall by any publick Act declare their doing so And that they return to the Loyalty and Obedience of good Subjects excepting onely such persons as shall hereafter be excepted by Parliament Those only excepted let all Our Loving Subjects how faulty soever relie upon the word of a King solemnly given by this present Declaration That no Crime whatsoever committed against Us or Our Royall Father before the Publication of this shall ever rise in Judgment or be brought in Question against any of them to the least endamagement of them either in their Lives Liberties or Estates or as far forth as lies in Our power so much as to the prejudice of their Reâ—utations by any Reproach or term of distinction from the rest of Our best Subjects We Desiring and Ordaining that hence forward all Notes of Discord separation and difference of parties be utterly abolished among all Our Subjects whom We invite and conjure to a perfect Union among themselves under Our Protection for the Re-settlement of Our Just Rights and theirs in a free Parliament By which upon the word of a King We will be advised And
consisting of about 220. their colors sky f inged with silver Another of gray Liveries 6. Trumpets colors sky and silver of about 105. Gentlemen Another Troop of 70. Gentlemen 5. Trumpets colors sky and silver Another Troop led by the Lord Cleveland of about 300. Noblemen and Gentlemen colors blew fringed with gold Then another Troop of about 100. having black colors fringed with gold After them another Troop of about 300. After these came two Trumpets with His Majesties Armes the Sheriffs men in red cloakes and silver lace with half pikes 79. in number then followed the several Companies of London with their several Streamers all in black velvet coats with gold chains every Company having their footmen of their several Liveries some red and white some pink and white some blew and yellow c. Three Trumpets in Liveries richly laced and cloth of silversleeves went before the Company of the Mercers After all these came a kettle-drum 5. Trumpets and 3. streamers having very rich red Liveries with silver lace The number of the Citizens were about 600. After these 12. ministers another kettle-drum 4. Trumpets then His Majesties Life-guard led by the Lord Gerard another party led by Sir Gilbert Gerard and Major Rosecarron and the third division by Colonel Pragurs Then 3. Trumpets in rich coats and sattin doublets The City Marshall with 8. footmen in French-green trimed with crimson and white the City waites the City Officers in order Then Dr. Warmstry the two Sheriffs and all the Aldermen of London in their scarlet gowns and rich trappings with footmen in Liveries red coats laced with silver and cloth of gold The Heralds and Maces in their rich coats The Lord Mayor bare carrying the sword his Excellency and the Duke of Buckingham bare Then the glory of all His Sacred Majesty rode between the Dukes of York and Glocester afterwards followed a Troop bare with white colors then the Generalls Life-guard after which another company of Gentry having sky colors fringed with gold after which 5. Regiments of the Army-Horse led by Col. Knight viz. His Excellencies Regiment Col. Knights Col. Cloberrâ—â—s Lord Fauconbergs Lord Howards Last of all came two Troops of Nobility and Gentlemen with red colors fringed with gold Never did Hiperion the worlds bright eye behold a more gallant sight of Nobility and Gentlemen then marched then brandishing their swords all along Soon after His Majesty was passed all the musquetires that had lined the streets gave many volleys of shot Thus was His Majesty conducted to his Royal Pallace at White-hall where after the Lord Mayor had taken his leave His Majesty went unto the Lords to whom the Earl of Manchester their Speaker addressed himself in these words That this day may prove happy to Your Majesty is the hope and Expectation and the earnest desire of my Lords the Peeres whose Commands are upon me to make this humble tender to Your Majesty of their Loyall joy for Your Majesties safe Return to Your Native Kingdome and for this happy Restoration of Your Majesty to Your Crown and Dignity after so long and so severe a suppression of Your just Right and Title I shall not reflect upon Your Majesties sufferings which have been Your peoples miseries yet I cannot omit to say That as the Nation in generall so the Peeres with a more personall and particular sense have felt the stroke that cut the Gordian knot which fastned Your Majesty to Your kingdome and Your kingdome to Your Majesty For since those strange and various fluctuations and Discomposures in Government since those horrid and unparallel'd Violations of all Order and Justice Strangers have ruled over us even with a Rod of Iron But now with satisfaction of Heart we own and see Your Majesty our Native King a son of the wise a son of the ancient kings whose hands hold forth a golden Scepter Great King Give me leave to speake the Confidence as well as the desires of the Peers of England Be you the powerfull defender of the true Protestant faith the just assertor and maintainer of the Laws and Liberties of Your Subjects so shall Judgement run down like a River and Justice like a mighty streame and God the God of Your Mercy who hath so miraculously preserved You will establish Your Throne in Righteousness and in Peace Dread Soveraign I offer no flattering Titles but speak the words of truth you are the desire of Three kingdomes the strength and the stay of the Tribes of the people for the moderating of Extremities the reconciling of Differences the satisfying of all Interests and for the Restoring of the collapsed Honour of these Nations Their Eyes are toward Your Majesty their Tongues with loud Acclamations of Joy speak the thoughts and Loyall intentions of their Hearts their Hands are lift up to Heaven with Prayers and Praises and what Oral Triumph can equall this Your Pomp and Glory Long may Your Majesty live and raign a support to Your Friends a terror to Enemies and Honour to the Nation and an Example to Kings of Piety Justice Prudence and Power that this Prophetick Expression may be verified in Your Majesty King CHARLES the second shall be greater then ever was the greatest of that name His Majesty having returned a gracious answer to the Lords went from thence unto the Banqueting House where Sir Harbotle Grimston Speaker to the House of Commons delivered himself in this speech to His Majesty the Members of that House being there present Most gracious and dread Soveraign If all the Reason and Eloquence that is dispersed in so many severall heads and tongues as are in the whole world were conveyed into my Braine and united in my tongue yet I should want sufficiency to discharge that great task I am now enjoyned The restitution of Your Majesty to the exercise of Your just and most indubitable Native Right of Soveraignty and the deliverance of Your people from bondage and slavery hath been wrought out and brought to passe by a miraculous way of Divine Providence beyond and above the reach and comprehension of our understandings and therefore to be admired impossible to be expressed God hath been pleased to train Your Majesty up in the School of affliction where You have learned that excellent lesson of patience so well and improved it so much for the good of the people that we have all just cause for ever to Bless God for it and we doubt not but Your Name is Registred in the Records of Heaven to have a place in the highest from amongst those glorious Martyrs of whom it is reported that through faith in Christ and patience in their sufferings they converted their very Tormentors and conquered those Barbarous bloody Tyrants under whom they then suffered insomuch as they themselves were many times inforced to confesse and cry out Sat est vicisti Galilaeus they had their vicisti and that deservedly but Your Majesty must have a treble vicisti for with the same weapon Faith
Waller Mr. Meir Col. Waite Col. Temple Tichborn Fleetwood Col. John Temple and some few others Nor could His Majesty want employment having enough to doe to receive all these addresses which were made to him from all the Shires and Towns of England which though they throng'd in so fast yet His Majesty was still ready to entertain them with so much grace and favour that he gave satisfaction to all Nor was this joy confin'd within the limits of England other Countries partaking thereof and making themselves concern'd in our great alterations particularly at Heidelburgh Frankendale Wormes and Herldbron in all which places was a day of publick prayers and thanksgiving for the restoration of His Sacred Majesty of Great Brittain The King of Portugall also when he heard the news thereof presently gave order that the same night all the great guns of the Castle and Forts of the Town and Harbour should be fired The whole City was adorn'd with lights and in every window of the Kings Palace were set two great Torches of white wax besides Bonfires and Fireworks in the streets the King and Queen next morning with the Infanta and Nobility went forth in solemn manner to the Church of St. Anthony's of the Capuchins all the bells in the Town ringing the while By which it was plainlyseen with what reall joy and satisfaction the people of this Court and Nation receiv'd the welcome tydings of so happy a change And now we are beyond sea it may not be from the purpose to relate something of the great Marriage between the King of France and the Infanta of Spaine which happened much about this time especially the King of France being a Prince so nearly related to the Crown of England The King of Spaine being now after a tedious journey arrived at Fintarabia the Ceremonies of the Marriage being the same with the Ceremonies of ordinary marriages but more pompous were celebrated and performed by the Bishop of Pamplona with the assistance of the Patriarch of the Indies in the Church of said Town Before the performance the Infanta kneel'd twice before the King her Father first to ask him blessing and secondly before she gave her consent to the Marriage The Ceremony being ended the King of Spaine gave her all the respect due to so great a Queen giving her the right hand both in his going out of the Church and as they rode together in the Coach He likewise gave her his own lodgings and took hers where though she had not been seen before she then did ride in publick within a day or two after the two Kings had an interview where both Kings were uncovered that the grandees of Spaine might not take an occasion to be cover'd Then the King of Spaine having deliver'd his daughter into the hands of the King of France the Queen Mother took her away in her Coach which done the two Kings parted with all demonstration of amity and affection Afterwards the young Queen was presented with severall presents from her Father and Monsieur the Kings Brother and Cardinall which were so rich and so magnificent that never were more Royall presents seen In the mean time the Parliament to shew the value of that pardon from the benefit of which they were excepting so many persons came to His Majesty and in the name of themselves and the Commons of England laid hold on His Majesties gracious pardon mentioned in his Declaration from Breda wherefore on Munday being the 25. of June His Majesty publish'd a Proclamation in pursuance of his former Declaration declaring that His Majesty did graciously accept of the address of the House of Commons After this the House proceed upon the Act of Indempnity and having resolved that those persons before mentioned should be excepted from life they agree upon 20. more which though yet excluded from death should suffer all penalties and forfeitures excepting life concerning which business after they had had many debates they conclude at last upon these persons following William Lenthall Sir Hen. Vane Sir Arthur Haslerig Col. Sydenham Col. Disborough Ald. Ireton Col. Axtell Mr. Keeble Capt. Blackwell Major Creed Charles Fleetwood Alderman Pack Col. Pine Col. Cobbet Capt. Dean Oliver St. John Will. Nye Ministers John Goodwin Ministers But as the King saw them quick in their justice so he thought them too slow in their mercy and therefore having often press'd them to perfect the Act of Indempnity and nothing yet finish'd he goes himself to the House to hasten them telling them with what impatience he did expect that Act to be presented to him for his assent as the most reasonable and solid foundation of peace and security That he thought the House of Commons too long about it thanking God that he had the same intentions and resolutions which he had at Breda and then reading what he had then writ to them he added afterwards that if they did not then joyn with him in extinguishing the fear which keeps the hearts of men awake and apprehensive of safety and security they would keep him from performing his promise He then thank'd them for their justice to those who had been the immediate murderers of his Father and assured them he never thought of excepting any other and at length conjur'd them that setting all animosities aside to pass that Act without further delay His Majesty having thus put them in mind of their clemency was not forgetfull himself of that gratitude which he thought due to those who had serv'd him with a meritorious loyalty and there casting an eye of grace upon his Excellency the Lord Generall Monck for his faithfull service he was graciously pleas'd to create him Duke of Albemarly Earl of Finington Baron of Potheridge Beaucham and Teyes Captain Generall and Commander in chief of all His Majesties forces both in England Scotland and Ireland Master of His Majesties Horse Knight of the most noble order of the Garter and one of His Majesties most honourable privy Councill Whereupon accompanied with the Duke of Buckingham and other personages of high quality he took his leave of the House of Commons and went to take his place in the House of Peers Gen. Mountague also created Earl of Sandwich Viscount Hinchimbrook Baron of St. Needs Master of the Wardrobe one of the Commanders of the treasurie and Knight of the Garter not long after took his place in the House of Peers Sir John Greenvile who adventur'd first to bring His Majesties Letters over to the Houses and the Lord Generall His Majesty was pleas'd to create Earl of Bath Nor was His Majesty unmindfull of Col. Carles to whom with a small alteration of his name he gave a new coat of Armes which will always be a significant record of that service wherein his Loyalty was so usefull Nor did the Penderils His Majesties faithfull servants in his shelter at Boscobel goe unrewarded of one of whom named William it is reported that being in the Park of St. James's and
the mean time Sir John Brown Governour of Sterling with 4000. Horse and Foot marches against that party of Cromwells already landed in Fife Lambert and Okey having intelligence thereof with two Regiments oâ— Horse and two of Foot waft over to reinforce their party with which additionall aid they routed Sir John Brown took him prisoner with near 1200. more and killed 2000. upon the place Crownwell flesht with these beginnings pursues his advantages and transports his Army over Fife marches to S. Johnstons and takes it almost upon the first summons His Majesty not able to force them back resolves with all speed to advance into England well hoping the justnesse of His cause would have incited the English to have joyned with Him as experienc'd also of the Scots valour exprest better in other Countries then the own Cromwell hereupon re-crosses Frith and sends Lambert with a select party of Horse and Dragoones to fall upon their Rear himself following quickly after By the way of Carlile the Royal Army enters England marching with that Civility and Obedience to military discipline that 't was thought the Country was not endamaged six pence by them but whether it was that their former villanies had left such a deep impression in the hearts of the people or that they were now dulled and besotted with slavery content with Issachers asse to couch under their burthens or rather being over-awed by an armed power few or none came in to their assistance saving onely the Lord Howards Sonne of Estwick with a Troope of Horse notwithstanding His Majesties earnest invitations The Juncto at Westwinster hearing of the Kings march raised all the Counties against Him and made it high Treason to aid Him with either men or monies But the Loyall though unfortunate Earl of Darby not fearing their Bug-bear brought Him a supply of 250. Foot and 60. Horse out of the Isle of Man and having raised a considerable force in Lancashire set upon Col. Lilburn intending to have hindered him from joyning with a Regiment of Cromwells which was sent for that purpose towards Manchester but was by him unfortunately defeated the Lord Witherington Sir Thomas Tilsley Sir William Throgmorton Col. Boynton and sundry others taken prisoners At Worcester the Royall army made a stand resolving to abide all opposition Cromwell having joyned himself with the Country forces was quickly at their heels his army consisting of 50. or 60. Thousand the Scots not 10000. at most yet adding courage to their small number resolved to fight it out to the uttermost the King though of a Lambe-like disposition yet here acted the part of a Lyon encouraging his Souldiers both by precept and example after severall sallies and much courage shown on both sides September 3. an unfortunate day for the Scots it came to a field fight wherein though the Royalists valour exceeded even to admiration yet multitude overmatching courage they were overthrown The King whose Horse was twice that day shot under Him could not be induced to quit the field untill He saw all the field almost cleared The battle being thus absolutely lost toward three of the Clock Thursday Morning the 4. of September the King in Company with the said Earl of Derby Earl of Shrewsbury Earl of Cleaveland Duke of Buckingham my Lord Wilmot and others to the Number of fourscore came to the place called White-ladies in the parish of Tong in the Confines of Stafford and Shropshire being 25. Miles distant or thereabouts from Worcester which space of ground he had Rid that Night This White-ladies was a house belonging to one Fitsherbert where George Penderil the youngest brother of five who were all severally instrumentall in the Conducting and Preserving His Majesty hearing some body Knocking at the Gate so early opening the window and Espying there the aforesaid Francis Yates who was his brother in law together with Mr. Giffard the first thing he asked of his brother Yates was what News from Worcester who answered that the King was defeared and the Enemy in pursuit of Him therefore bid him to make hast and put on his cloaths but ere he could doe that the King with most of His Lords had entred the house and were come into the hall where after a very short debate the Earl of Derby called for William Penderil the Eldest brother for my Lord of Derby had taken this place for his Shelter after the defeat given him by Col. Lilburn near Wigan in Lancashire and was acquainted there was by them conducted to Worcester to the King it had also been a Sanctuary for several other Gentlemen who being come George was sent to Tong within Five miles of Wolverhampton to one Robert Beard a very honest person to enquire of him whether there were any scattered Troops of the Kings thereabouts or if any of the Enemies appeared thereabouts who returned and brought word that there were no parties at all to be seen return-in he met with his brother Richard Richard being come in Mr. Giffard called for him and bad him bring his best cloathes which were a jerkin and breeches of course green cloth and a Doe-skin Leather doublet they borrowed an old Gray hat of Humphry Penderill the Miller the course he open shirt was had of one Edward Martin with George Penderils band and shoes of one William Creswell which His Majesty unstripping Himself of His own cloaths nimbly put on His buff-coat and linnen doublet and gray Breeches which were the cloath that He put off He gave into the brothers hands who immediately buried them under ground where they lay five weeks before they durst take them up again the Jewels of His Arme He gave to one of the Lords who was then going away Then Richard brought a paire of shears and founded the Kings hair which my Lord Wilmot had Notched before with a Knife and the King was pleased to take notice of Richards good workmanship so as to preferre it before my Lord Wilmots and now His Majesty was esteemed to be the compleat wood-man Hereupon William Penderil was presented to His Majesty by the Earl of Derby and the care of His most Sacred Majesty committed to his charge and the rest of his brothers After this all that were present took their leaves and departed every one shifting for himself only my Lord Wilmot was carried by John Penderil to the house of one Thomas Whitgreaves as they were going along seeing some men coming behind them which proved to be friends though my Lord suspected the Country to rise upon them they hid themselves in a dry pit where they stayed till Evening and then arrived safely at Mr. Whitgreaves The Company being all gone a wood-bill was brought to the King and so He and Richard went out into the wood William went home and Richard and George went out to scout and lay hovering in the wood to hear or see if any one approached that way the King had not been above an hour in that wood but a troop
Gresham Colledge which two places they had made Guards of converting the house of prayer to a Den of Thieves Thus was the City design'd for fire sword and pillage had not God by a timely period prevented their designs Thus while these mens miscarriages doe invest His Maâ—esty with the love of his people he lives retiredly at Bruges expecting either what his loyall subjects might or what the successe might be of that treaty which was then in agitation between France and Spain His Majesty having some hopes to believe that those two Crowns united might joyn to his relief In order to this treaty the two grand favorites of both Crowns being met upon the frontiers His Majesty was also invited thither by Don Lewis de Haro His Majesty received this invitation at Dieppe in Normandy whither he had withdrawn himself to attend the successe of Sir George Booths businesse his friends in England having given no small encouragement to his hopes But seeing the ill success of affairs in England he hasts to the Frontiers being come to Roan he takes post accompani'd with the Marquess of Ormond and the Lord Digby and being at length arrived near the end of their journey he sends to give Don Lewis notice of his approach who presently with a noble traine came forth to meet him When they came near Don Lewis alighted from his horse and kneeling down though in a place by reason of the dirt somewhat inconvenient for that purpose he clapt his hands about His Majesties knees and with a great deal of humility and affection kissed them From this place Don Lewis accompanied His Majesty to the place provided for his accommodation riding bare-headed before him where he was all the while of his stay nobly and sumptuously entertained Many propositions are made by His Majesty to Don Lewis as to the giving him aid and assistance for the regaining of his right to all which Don Lewis returns civill and pleasing answers behaving himself with that respect to His Majesty as if he had been his Master himself His Majesty having spent some time here returns to Paris where he staid with his Mother some few days and so returns to his retirement at Brussels what the successe of His Majesties private and personall negotiation we make no question that time would have discovered not a little to his advantage had not his long drooping affaires received new life from an unexpected alteration of the scene For as his enemies were busy in their endeavours for the destruction of the Nation so was Generall Monke the Governour of Scotland as sâ—udious how to save it The peoples eyes were all fixed upon him as their Moses to deliver them from this iron yoke of Egyptian bondage He having received intelligence of the Armies proceedings weighing the miseries attending such Anarchicall confusions resolves with himself by the divine assistance to put a period to these unhappy distractions by setling the government on its right Basis or Foundation To this purpose having first declared his dissent from their proceedings he secures divers strong holds of that Nation as also those Officers of his own that concurred not with him in his resolutions Having done this he sends a letter to the Officers of the Army at London importing something of dissatisfaction in himself and some Officers of the Army in Scotland in reference to the things newly done in Englang The Council of Officers having received this Alarum had a nocturnal consultation the result whereof was that the regiments should forthwith march Northwards and that Lambert should goe to command them but knowing too well the person with whom they had to deal or whether it were that the souldiers would not fight one with another Lambert and the rest thought it their wisest course to see whether they could undermine him by the pretence of a treaty and a few fair pâ—oposalls Hereupon Whaley and Goffe and Carill and Backer are sent away to remonstrate to Monck the State of Affaires in England and thereupon to mediate with him under the fair pretence of avoiding the effusion of more blood The Officers also wrote unto him and his Officers to expostulate with him touching a necessity of a brotherly Union Morgan also takes a journey out of Yorkeshire into Scotland to see if he could bring the Generall to a Composure But during these overtures the thoughts of action were not at all laid aside wherefore Lambert follows his commanders beginning his journey on the third of November and quartering at Ware that night Generall Monk also begins to look about him He removes those Officers which he had secured in Tintallon Castle unto the Cross Hand draws his forces together secures Barwick and sends Major knight with a Party of 500. Horse into England as far as Morpeth as it is supposed to see what parties there were in that Country to joyn with them which is the rather conjectured because they retreated so suddainly without making any further attempt not was it safe for them to stay there in regard that Lamberts more numerous forces were gathering together about New-castle However to amuse his adversaries he sends three Commissioners to London viz. Col. Clobery Col. Weekes and Major Knight to treate with the same number of persons on their side They arrive enter into a treaty and too hastily conclude upon these particulars following That the title of Charles Stuart be renounced That the three nations shall be governed by a free State and not by a single person That a learned and godly Ministry be maintained That the Universities be reformed and countenanced That the Officers and Souldiers be indempnified for what is past That the armies retire and be dispos'd of into their respective quarters most advantageously against the Coâ—mon Enemy That Whitlock Vane Ludlow Saleway Berry be chosen for England That Saint John Wareston Harington Scot and Thomson together with the Generalle three commanders be chosen for Scotland That Steel Barrow and Dobson be elected for Ireland to give their assistance in determining the qualifications of such persons as are to be members of succeeding Parliaments That two field officers of the regiments in the three Nations and ten on the behalf of the sea officers shall meet on the sixt of December as a generall councill to advise touching the model of civil government that should be then ready to be presented to them These were the chief heads of the agreement signed by the Commissioners on both sides sent immediately away likewise unto Scotland for the Generalls consent But Generall Monck instead of consenting summons a Convention to meet at Edenburgh and sends away a letter to the City yet so contrived that both the character and the speech seem'd suspicious which was delivered by Col. Markham and Col. Askin in behalf of the Long Parliament not seeing the depth of the designe To the Convention he proposes three things That having received a call from God to march into England for resetling the Parliament
because the passion and uncharitableness of the times have produced severall opinions in Religion by which men are engaged in parties and animosities against each other which when they shall hereafter unite in a freedome of Conversation will be compossed or better understood We doe Declare a liberty to tender Consciences and that no man shall be disquieted or called in question for differences of opinion in matter of Religion which do not disturbe the Peace of the Kingdome And that We shall be ready to consent to such an Act of Parliament as upon Mature Deliberation shall be offered to Us for the full granting that Indulgence And because in the continued distractions of so many years and so many and great Revolutions many Grants and Purchases of Estates have been made to and by many Officers Souldiers and others who are now possessed of the same and who may be liable to Actions at Law uâ—on severall Titles We are likewise willing that all such differences and all things relating to such Grants Sales and Purchases shall be determined in Parliament which can best provide for the just satisfaction of all men who are concerned And We do further declare that We will be ready to consent to any Act or Acts of Parliament to the purposes aforesaid and for the full satisfaction of all Arrears due to the Officers and Souldiers of the Army under the Command of Generall Monck and that they shall be received into Our service upon as good Pay and Condions as they now injoy Given under Our sign Manual and privy Sgnet At Our Court at Breda this 4 14 day of April 1660. In the twelfth year of Our Reign Never was Letter from absent Lover received with more unfeigned affection then these never was message entertain'd with a more generall consent nor did the House ever more truely appear the peoples full Representatives then at this present The Letters being read with that accustomed Ceremony and Reverence due to Majesty produced these Resolves Nemine contradicente Resolved by the House of Lords That they doe own and declare that according to the Ancient and Fundamentall Laws of this Kingdome the Government is and ought to be by King Lords and Commons Resolved that a Committee of eight Lords do joyn with a Committee of the House of Commons to consider of an answer to His Majesties Gracious Letter and Declaration Resolved by the House of Commons That a Committee be appointed to prepare an answer to His Majesties Letter expressing the great and joyfull sence of this House of His gracious offers and their Humble and Hearty Thanks to His Majesty for the same and with professions of their Loyalty and Duty to His Majesty and that this House will give a speedy answer to His Majesties gracious Proposalls Resolved that the summe of 50000 l. be presented to His Majesty from this House Ordered that the Letter from His Majesty to the House and His Declcration be entred at large in the Journall Book as also that to the Generall to be kept amongst the Records of this House for His Honour This compliance of the Parliament with His Sacred Majesty surcharged the Citizens hearts with joy those beams of Majesty which enliven Trading having been long absent from the City the presence of the Prince being one principall cause of a Cities greatness The Bells and Bonfires made outward expression of those indelible Characters of Loyalty written in their hearts the great guns from the Tower thundred forth Vive le Roys whilst each County in England strived to out-vie one another in expressions of Loyalty The Souldiery who had hitherto made Clubs trump resolve now to enthrone the King of Hearts in their affection expressing their Loyalty to His Sacred Majesty in this following addresse presented to his Excellency the Lord Generall Monck Although we cannot doubt of your Excellencies confidence in our affections and our faithfulness to your Excellency and that discipline which by your good and prudent conduct hath been exercised over us whereby we are instructed to an entire obedience to your Excellency and that Authority which the Lord shall place over us which we hope we have manifested in our last actings under your Excellency against all persons whatsoever in any ways disturbing the peace and settlement of the Nation although some of thom have been our Brethren formerly engaged in the same cause with us as also in our last Remonstrance and addresse to your Excellency wherein as it becomes us in daty we have solemnly declar'd to acquiesce in what the Lord shall bring forth from the consultations of this present Parliament Yet in regard your Excellency hath been pleased to communicate a Letter and a Leclaration from the Kings Majesty full of Gracious expressions we cannot but acknowledge that the matter of it gives a great measure of quiet to our minds and more then ordinary expectations of the enjoyment of much tranquility and happiness under His Majesties government The free and generall Indemnity offered by His Majesty with a liberty to tender Consciences satisfaction of Arrears and his readiness to consent to a confirmation of Sales and other Grants and Purchases of Estates to all persons now in possession of the same is that of which as we cannot doubt of the reall performance being left by His Majesty to the Parliaments determination so we be-believe it is the most probable way to bring the Nations to their desired settlement And we hope to evince to His Majesty and all the world that we and all those that have been engaged in the Parliaments cause are His Majesties best and most reall Subjects and that your Excellency and the Armies under your Command have comply'd with the obligations for which they were first raised for the preservation of the true Protestant Religion the Honour and Dignity of the King the priviledges of Parliament the liberty and property of the Subject and the fundamentall Laws of the Land Sir John Greenvile who brought His Majesties Letters had the thanks of both Houses given him for the same and 500 l. given him as a testimony of their respects to him the Speaker of the House of Commons delivering himself in these pathericall expressions Sir John Greenvile I need not tell you with what gratefull and thankfull hearts the Commons now assembled in Parliament have received His Majesties Gracious Letter Res ipsa loquitur you your self have been Auricularis ocularis testis de rei veritaâ—e Our Bells and our Bonfires have already begun the Proclamation of His Majesties goodnesse and of our joys We have told the people that our King the glory of England is coming home again and they have resounded it back again in our ears that they are ready and their hearts are open to receive him both Parliament and people have cryed aâ—oud in their prayers to the King of Kings Long live King CHARLES the second I am likewise to tell you that the House doth not think fit that you
should return to our Royall Soveraign without some Testimony of their respects to your self They have therefore ordered and appointed that 500 l. shall be delivered unto you to buy a Jewell as a Badge of that Honour which is due to a person whom the King hath Honoured to be the messenger of so Gracious a Message and I am commanded in the name of the House to return you their very hearty thanks And as at land such was the affections of the Seamen where Generall Mountague having received two Letters the one from His Ma esty the other from the most Illustrious Duke of Yorke as also those others sent to the House of Commons and his Excellency together with His Majesties Gracious Declaration he immediately caused a great gun to be shot off the usuall summons to call his Officers together who coming aboard he communicated His Majesties Letters unto them which being read with anunamimous consent they declared themselves for His Majesty professing their exact Loyalty to live and die in his defence deâ—â—ring the Generalls of the Fleet humbly to present the lame to His Majesty But no sooner did the under Sea-men hear thereof but their over-joy'd hearts burst forth into loud acclamations of joy this news was more welcome to them then had they taken the wealth of the West Indies for prize And now to expresse their Loyalty the Generall himself fired a great Gun crying God blesse His Majesty Then might you see the Fleet in her pride with Pendants loose Guns roaring Caps flying and loud Vive le Roys ecchoed from one ships Company to another which were answered with the great Guns from Deal and Sandwich Castles The Noble Generall gave two pipes of Canary to the Commanders and Gentlemen in his ship And as at sea so in Ireland was seen the same complyance for the Convention there hearing what was done in England send a Declaration hither wherein they first expresse their disclaime of the sinfull and exemplary force put upon the House iâ— 1648. and whereas also the said persons did presume to erect a high Court of Justice and by an ugly and execrable sentence condemn the King to death they do declare their detestation of the fact and protest against those inhuman unparallell'd and barbaâ—ous actions as being the foulest and highest assassination that ever prot hane or sacred History ever recorded May the 8. 1660. His Majesty was solemnly Proclaimed by the Loâ—ds and Commons the Lord Mayor c. in the Cities of London and Westminster with an universall testification of Loyalty from all degrees of people The manner whereof being so remarkable each â—erson in his proper Sphear contending to out-vy each other in expressions of obedience to His Sacred Majesty take as followeth Between one and two of the Clock the Lords met in the Painted Chamber where they continued till they were placed in order the Earl of Manchester Speaker first then the Duke of Buckingham the Earl of Oxford c. Thus they walked all along with the Heralds before them through the Court of Requests and Westminster-Hall to the Pallace where they staid befoâ—e the Hall gate whither also presently after came the House of Commons Being placed in order both Lords and Coâ—mons stood bare whilest Mr. Bish dictated and Mr. Râ—ley king at Armes with a loud voice Proclaimed Charles the second in these words The Proclamation Although it can no may be doubted but that His Majesties Right and Title to His Crown and Kingâ—omes is and was eâ—ery way compleated by the death of his most Royall father of glorious memory without the Ceremony or solemnity of a Proclamation yet since Proclamations in such cases have been always used to the end that all good subjects might upon this occasion testify their duty and respect And since the armed violence and other the Calamities of many years last past have hitherto deprived us of any such opportunity whereby we might express our Loyalty and allegiance to His Majesty We therefore the Lords and Commons now assembled in Parliament together with the Lord Mayor Aldermen and Commons of the City of London and other freemen of this kingdome now present do according to our Duty and Allegiance heartily joyfully and unaminously acknowledge and proclaime That immediately upon the decease of our late Soveraign Lord King Charles the Imperial Crown of the Realme of England and of all the Kingdomes Dominions and Rights belonging to the same did by inherent Birth right and lawfull undoubted succession descend and come to His most Excellent Majesty Charles the second as being lineally justly and lawfully next Heir of the Bloud Royal of this Realme and that by the goodness and providence of Almighty God He is of England Scotland France and Ireland the most potent mighty and undoubted King And thereunto we most Humbly and Faithfully do submit and obliege our selves our Heires and Posterity for ever God save the King The Proclamation being ended the Lords and Commons took their Coaches proceeding to the further solemnity of proclaiming His Sacred Majesty as followeth First the Head Bayliffe of Westminster and his Servants riding with White staves to prepare the way then followed a gallant Troop of Officers of the Army and other Gentlemen with Trumpets before them then the Life-guard very stately mounted and richly clothed after them a Class of six Trumpets and three Heralds then a Herald between the Serjeant to the Commons and the Mace of the Council next Mr. Ryley king at Armes in his rich coat of the Kings Armes between Serjeant Norfolk and Serjeant Middleton after whom came the Usher of the Black Rod and Mr. Bish together These ushering the way in the next place came the Earl of Manchester Speaker to the House of Lords in his Coach and six Horses then the Speaker of the House of Commons in his then his Excellency the Lord Generall in his after which followed both Houses of Lords and Commons in their Coaches and last of all a Troop of Horse In this manner they came to White-hall where they Proclaim'd His Majesty a second time and then in like order proceeded Being come to Arundell-House they made a stand where Mr. Ryley king at Armes taking one of the Heralds and six Trumpets with him advanced forward toward Temple-Bar which according tâ— agreement being shut he came to the gate knocked â—nd demanded entrance being asked who it was that knocked he replyed that if my Lord Mayor would come to the gate he would deliver his Message to him who accordingly coming the Trumpets sounded after which silence being made it was demanded of the king of Armes Who he was and what was his message to which he answered We are the Heralds at Armes Appointed and Commanded by the Lords and Commons in Parliament assembled to demand entrance into the famous City of London to proclaime Charles the second King of England Scotland and Ireland and we expect your speedy answer to this demand to this they answered
they would during his absence which would not be long preserve the peace of the Nation That if any troubles should arise they would assist him in the suppressing thereof That they would raise him some money To which the convention answer'd that for the raising of money they were ready to doe it As to the other two demands they reply'd that they were in no condition to perform his desires being that they wanted armes However that they would endeavour it Preparations therefore for warre still goe on and the Horse after some endeavours wherein Major Generall Morgan was very active were perswaded to sign the Engagement which was offer'd to them by Generall Monck Some weeks had pass'd when Generall Monck thinking it now necessary to return some kind of answer to what his Commanders at London required from him as to his consent to those articles which they had among themselves agreed upon wrote a letter to Fleetwood bearing date from Edinburgh Novemb. 14. wherein he signified that he was very glad to find his Lordship and the Officers of the Army of so complying a spirit and so tender of the publick peace but because he was desirous that the agreement should be full and firme and because he did conceive that some things did remaine untreated of and unagreed upon that therefore 't was the resolution of himself and the rest of the Officers there to adde two more to those that were already commissionated to treate with the same number of such as should be appointed by his Lordship for the putting a finall end to this unhappy business and that the place if his Lordship would permit should be at Newcastle which being granted Generall Monck managed the occasion of delaying them so prudently that while they were eager to entrap him they never perceived the advantages which the other gain'd upon themselves While they are debating at Newcastle the Committee of Safety and the Council of Officers have many debates at home They labour much to satisfie the City Whitlock to his praise be it spoken together with Fleetwood and Desborough being very industrious to that purpose but the Citizens having with much strugling chosen an honest and resolute Common-council at length disown'd them and desire though it were a sound most ungratefull to the men at Wallingford-house that they may have a Free-parliament which animosity of theirs was much augmented by Husons insolence and the murders which he committed in the midst of their City on the 5. of December The second thing they so much endeavour'd was to bring forth the form of government of which they had so long been in travel and at length they conclude upon seven unalterable principles or fundamentalls as they name them which were First That no kingship should be exercised in the nations Second That they will have no single person to be chief Magistrate Third That an army be continued and maintained and conducted so as to secure the peace of the Nations and not be disbanded nor the conduct altered but by consent of the Conservators Fourth That no imposition be upon the Consciences of them that fear God Fifth That there be no House of Peers Sixth That the Legislative and Executive powers be distinct and not in the same hands Seventh That both the assemblies of the Parliament shall be elected by the people of this Common-wealth duly qualified But neither this piece of confusion nor Husons regiment could appease the City so that by meer necessity constrained the Council of Officers most graciously condescend to the calling of a Parliament and the Committee of Safety order the issuing out of wri s accordingly thinking to stop the breach which they had so over-hastily made The Rump seeing these confusions were not idle for themselves They knew that of the two Generall Monck enclin'd to their side then Lamberts and that in Lamberts army they had also many friends if they could but shew themselves The first Alarum which the Committee of Safety the Officers received was from Portsmouth where Harslerig Walton and Morley had made sure of the Garrison and so dealt with Viceadmirall Lawson who gave the second Alarum which rung like a knell in the then more amazed ears of these people for he sent them a declaration in his own and the name of severall of the sea-commanders insisting upon severall reasons why they conceiv'd it necessary that the long Parliament should sit again Hereupon Vane Saloway and Salmon were sent down to conferre with him but Scot being there with two bolsters one for each elbow kept him so steady that 't was impossible for them to hale him on one side So that at length he positively declares for the Long-Parliament the Souldiers also which were sent to block up Portsmouth submit to Harslerig and Morley declaring positively for the Rumps re-sitting Desboroughs regiment which was by the Committee of Safety sent for to strengthen their party being come as far as Saint Albans when they heard how things went make a halt and pause upon 't Hereupon Harslerig with what forces he had marches for the City and those regiments which were about the town being rendevouz'd by Okey and Alured declare their resolutions to live and dye with the Parliament which being done the Speaker Lenthall takes charge of the Tower and delivers it to the Care of Col. Fitch The Rump being now absolute masters of the field give the conduct of the Army to Popham Thomson Scot Okey Sir Ant. Ashley Cooper Alured and Markhnm and the custody of the Tower to Sir Ant. Ashley Cooper Weever Scot and Barners They also order Lamberts forces to repair to their quarters and send Letters of thanks and acknowledgment to Generall Monck for his fidelity and good service Ireland also submits and Lockhart courts them in a Letter from Dunkirk but at length comes the welcome news of the submission of Lamberts forces who seeing their Generall either so baffled or disappointed forsake him and he thereupon sends a letter of submission to the Parliament Generall Monck also humbly congratulates the recovery of their power These fair gales blowing so briskly in their poop they think they have the world in a string and therefore having spoke their friends fair they begin to think of talking with their enemies In order to which they ordaine an act for the publick sale of Sir George Boothes Estate They also discharge Sir Harry Vane from being a member of the House and order Lambert Disborough Ashfield Berry Kelsey Packer Cobbet and Creed to repair to their most remote habitations from London during their pleasure but finding them to stay in town give order to the Council of State to secure them Generall Monck they desire to come as speedily as he can to London for else they saw he was resolved to come without bidding whereupon he advances into England and at Morpeth the sword-bearer of the City meets him with a letter from the Lord Major and Common Council whom he speedily
return'd with an answer The Parliament for all their complements being not well satisfy'd in the intentions of Generall Monck send Scot and Robinson under pretence of congratulating with him for the good success God had given to his endeavours to prie into his actions and to make discovery of his proceedings And to curry favour with the Nation in generall they put forth a Declaration wherein they promise to this effect first they declare their resolutions to perfect what they had begun for setling the government of these Nations and the people thereof in the way of a Common-wealth and free State That all proceedings touching the Lives Liberties and Estates of the free people of this Common-wealth should be according to the laws of the Land That they would make effectual provision for countenancing an honest godly ministry and that impropriations and augmentations should be continued That they would uphold all the Schooles and Universities in the land and continue their privileges That they would apply themselves with all speed to such Counsels and means as should be found most proper for the speedy increasing of trade Lastly as to the present burthens that they were very sensible thereof and that it was one of their greatest cares to give the people ease But the people were now grown too wise to believe those who had so oft before deluded them now seeing them fall to their old tyrannies afresh under pretence of restoring them their long enthralled liberties begin to rouse up themselves and to shew their generall hatred towards them To Generall Monck therefore as a person whom they saw to be of a free and ancient English spirit they resolve to make their applications laying before him the infidelity treachery and tyranny of the Rump beseeching him to assert their libertieâ— and promising him to stick by him in the maintenance of their freedome The Devonshire men as being his own Countrimen began the substance of whose addresse and the Generalls answer we shall insert being indeed the full scope of what all demanded and of the answer which all received The substance of the addresse was this That they found their Countrymen groaning under high oppressions and a defect of trade that though there was an alteration in the State affaires by the reassembling of the Long Parliament yet that they found themselves but in part redress'd and that therefore the chief expedient would be to recall those members that were secluded in 48. that they may fill up the vacant places and not be oblig'd to oaths before their sitting for which things they should defend him against all opposers with life and fortunes To this the Generall answers That the government was monarchicall before the warre that since there have been severall interests that these interests are interwoven by marriages and purchases and all engag'd against the King as to Civils and therefore that no government can be good that doth not rationally comprehend the preservation of all the said interests That Monarchy cannot be admitted because its support was taken away and besides that it is exclusive of all the Civil and Spirituall interests now in being which premises being granted to admit of the secluded members as being monarchicall and such as would abolish the laws made since their seclusion would engage the Nation in a new warre upon the account of self-preservation that therefore he thought 't was better to submit to the present Parliament Such doubtfull answers as this as they pleas'd the Rump so they did not dissatisfy the other party but gave cause to both parties to think well of him At Northampton he receiv'd another address from the hands of Sir John Norrice to whom he replies that he was but a servant of the Parliaments with whom he ought not to interpose in matters of Highest concernment On the 28. of January at Night the Generall arrived at Saint Albanes where he had severall addresses made to him from Norfolke Suffolke Buckingham and Leicester being come thither he sends to the Parliament to send their forces out of town and quarter them according to the lists which he had sent them which they readily order'd the Commanders of the army to see performed accordingly Generall Monck being now not far from London those forces quartered in the City were ordered to march from thence to make Room for his Excellencies Souldiers but they having learned of their Masters to be Rebellious refused to goe and having cast off their Officers a considerable party of them engarrisoned themselves at Somerset-house That night also the Apprentices drew themselves into a party in the City intending no doubt to have joyned with the discontented Red-coates which had they done they might have given a shrewd Alarum to the Rump but before their joyning they were dissipated by a part of the Army-horse The Mutiners upon a false Alarum were got out of the Town and having their mouths stopt with a little pay were commanded away leaving the Town quiet and in condition to entertain honester Guests February 3. His Excellency marched in the head of his Army to his Quarters at White-hall On the 6. of the same Month he was by Scot and Robinson Squires of the Rump conducted to that Image of Authority assembled in the House where the Parliament usually sits where he was by their pretended Speaker complemented with a fawning speech candied over with Scripture-phrases to make it the more plausible To which His Excellency returned a more pertinent answer informing them of the severall applications and numerous subscriptions he received from most Counties in his March from Scotland the chiefest Heads of their desires being for a free and full Parliament a Gospell-Ministry incouragement of Learning and Universities admittance of the Members secluded before 1648. and that they would determine their sitting c. But these were matters they loved not to hear of much lesse resolved to practise yet seeing the peoples earnestness was such and that it was in a manner the agreement of the whole Nation they at last most graciously condescended to promise a full Representative but no secluded Members to be admitted nor in effect any other then Phanatiques The supreme Trifle was now come to a forced put monies must be raised to pay the Souldier and the pride of the stubborn Citizens taken down that would not let the Rump to ride them or the Good Old Cause would be totally ruined in order to both out comes a Tax of 100000 l. per mensem this being debated in Common-council they agreed in the Negative which so incensed the Back-side that they adjudged the affront intollerable and immediately poured out their indignation upon the City in these following Resolves Thursday February 9. The House received a report from the Council of State of some Resolutions taken by the Council in relation to the City of London Resolved That the Parliament doth approve of what the Council of State hath done in Ordering that the Commissioners for Government of