it a wrong to History But he never conceived an Historian might be freer then in his description of the siege of Hierusalem From whence he takes occasion to speak of the Originall and Manners of the Iews so profusely and so far deriving them even from Saturn heaping so many several things together Of Moses Of that Peoples Religion Of their Meats Of the Sabbath Of Circumcision Of the Eternity of the soul Of Balsom Of Brimstone and other specialties as if he wrote the History of that Nation And yet Tacitus keeps within compasse if you compare him with Sallust that is so frequent in Excursions Nay he himself doth not dissemble it For having taken a large and indeed unnecessitated scope at last â—ounding a retreat he sayes But I have gone too carelessely and too farre being nettled and vexed at the Manners of the Town Now I come to the matter Nor did he keep to it for all this but in the division of the King dome between Iugurth and Adherbal he amply discourses of Africa and its Inhabitants from their very beginning Again licentiously inveighing against the Manners of Rome he copiously relates the causes of Faction between the Senate and the People and with a check for his own flying out he brings himself again into the way Yet what he adds to this Digression upon the By concerning the Leptitans exceeds the other by many degrees For having mentioned the citie of Leptis when he had spoken of its Founders of its situation and Language he wheels about and for a Corollary brings in an old History not at all appertaining to the Leptitans For sayes he because following the businesse of the Leptitans I am come into this Region I think it not amiss to set down a noble and memorable action of two Carthaginians Which told neither sparingly nor timorously he goes on again But why do I quote so many Presidents when that one of Catilines Conspiracy evidently shews what liberty a Historian may assume the Writer whereof so freely digresses and hath so many Out-lets and Parergons that the additionall Matter is much more then the fourth part of the Historie Which being granted ours likewise in case it be any where redundant will I hope be fairly interpreted by the Readers As likewise that which I have not forborn whilst I compare the ancient with the modern times that is like to like Which as I am not ignorant the Latines seldome do so I know it is familiar with the Greeks Indeed Polybius not more properly the Writer then Master of History whilst he at large compares the Form and Situation of Sicily with Peloponnesus the Fleets of Carthage and Rome with those of Antigonus Ptolomey Demetrius and others of former Ages whilst he resembles the Republicks of Rome and Carthage to generous birds fighting even to their last breath to omit the rest of the same kind which if you read but his first Book will presently occurre truly he needs not fear that goes in the steps of so authentick an Example Thus having rightly premonished and prepared Thee I will no longer stay Thee at the Threshold of my Work The Historie of the LOW-COVNTREY WARRES The first Book I Enter upon the Historie of a Warre doubtfull whether to call it The Warre of the Low-Countrey-men and the Spaniards or almost of all Europe For to this hour we see it manag'd by the Arms and Purses at least by the Designes and Counsels of so many Nations as if in the Low-Countreys onely the Empire of Europe was to be disputed Wherein many I presume will be concerned to read what their Countrey-men what their Kinsmen have acted in the field The rest though unconcerned may yet desire to know from whence a few Belgick Provinces have had the confidence and strength to fight for threescore years together with a most Potent King on equall terms from whence upon the coast of Holland out of a few fisher-boats there hath sprung up a new State which growing daily stronger in Arms will now brook no Superiour by Land and can have none by Sea That in mighty fleets have sent Plantations to the remotest parts of the Earth That by their Ambassadours making Leagues with Princes carrying themselves as not inferiour to Kings have got a Principality more then ever Europe knew From whence the Belgick soil among the continuall tempests and storms of Warre such as in far shorter troubles have laid other Regions waste and barren affords so great plentie of all things as if the place were as violently bent to maintain a War as the People so that directly you would think Mars onely travels other Countreys and carryes about a running Warre but here seats himself Some indeed have fancied the King of Spain out of Policy to spin out the Low-Countrey War for as a Prince the great body of whose Empire must be spirited with a great soul they conceiv'd he trains his Militia in these Provinces afterwards to dispatch them as the Turk doth his Ianizaries into severall Climates As if his enemies should not be taught in the same school and sure it were more to his advantage their arms should rust with idleness then shine with exercise The Emperour Charles the 5th Prince of the Low = Countreys Ro Vaughan 〈◊〉 Onely thou O God of Peace and Warre for aswell the writers of as the actours in business ought to begin with Prayer do thou guide my mind and pen that not trusting in Prudence that sâ—arches humane secrets but in Wisdome that assists thy throne I may perfect a History worthy the purity of life which I profess equall to the greatness of the work I have designed nor lesse then the exspectation that hath long since called me forth THe bloudy Warre that grievously distempered Europe still continued between the Emperour Charles the fifth and Henry the second King of France to whom their fathers with their Crowns had left their enmities and animosities But Mary Queen of England immediatley upon her marriage with Philip Prince of Spain began seriously to mediate a Peace and followed it so well as this year 1555. the Emperours and Kings Commissioners met at Callice and though the exspected Peace was not then concluded yet there was laid a foundation for Peace in a five years truce Then the Emperour calling his son Philip out of England resolved to execute what he had long determined the resignation of his Crowns and be Authour of a Prodigie unknown in Princes Courts When he might reign to give it off This secret divulged through the Low-countries brought men from all parts to Bruxels and on the twenty fifth of October the day appointed for meeting of the three Estates the Knights of the order of the Golden fleece and the Magistrates The Emperour in the great Hall of his Pallace commanding Philip King of England Maximilian King of Bohemia and Emanuel Philibert Duke of Savoy to sit on
the one hand and on the other Elianor and Mary Queen Dowagers of France and Hungary with another Mary Queen of Bohemia and Christiern daughter to the King of Denmark Dutchesse of Lorrain First he created his sonne Philip master of the order of the Golden-fleece then he commanded Philibert Bruxellius one of the Lords of his great Councel to signifie his pleasure to the Estates of Flanders The summe of his speech was this That the Emperour being admonished by his dayly decay of health which had much broke and brought him low to settle his affairs in this world resolved to transferre that weight which he could no longer support as became his own and the Empires dignity â—pon his sonne both in vigour and wisdome able to bear so great a burthen Therefore Cesar wishing it may be for the happiness of himself and the Provinces resigned his Dominion of the Low-countreys and Burgundy released the People of their â—ath of Allegiance and voluntarily gave the right and possession of the Low-countreys and Burgundy to his sonne Philip King of England Whilest Philibert was gravely speaking this The Emperour rises on the sudden and leaning on the shoulders of William Prince of Orange interrupted his speech and out of a paper he brought to help his memory as the Register of the Empire he himself began to read in French What he had done from the seventeenth year of his age to that day nine expeditions into Germany six into Spain seven into Italy four into France ten into the Low-countreys two into England as many into Africa eleven Sea-voyages Warres Peace Leagues Victories and set forth the particulars rather magnificently then proudly Moreover That he had proposed to himself no other end of all these labours but the preservation of Religion the Empire Which hitherto whilest his health permitted he had by Gods assistance so performed that Charles the Emperours life and Reign could offend none but his enemies Now since his strength and almost life was spent he would not prefeâ— the love of Empire before the safety of his People In stead of an oâ—d Bed-rid man the greatest part of him already in the grave he would substitute a Prince in the spring of his youth of active strength and courage To him he desired the Provinces tâ— pay their obedience likewise to keep Peace among themselves and be constant to the Orthodox Religion Lastly That they would favourably pardon him if he had trespassed in his Government For his own part he would alwayes remember their fidelity and services in his prayers to God to whom alone he resolved to live for the short remainder of his dayes Then turning to his sonne he said If these Provinces had descended upon thee by my death I had yet deserved something at my sonnes hands for leaving him so rich and improved a patrimony Now since â—hine Inheri ance is not a necessitated but a voluntary act and that thy Father hath chosen to die before his time that he may antedate the benefit of his death all the interest thou owest me for it I assign it to thy Subjects and require thee to pay it in thâ— love and care to them Other Princes rejoyce they have given life to their sonnes and shall give Kingdoms I am resolved to prevent fate of this gasping and posthumous favour esteeming it a double joy if I may see thee not onely living but live â—o see thee reigning by my gift This example of mine few Princes will imitate for I my self in all antiquity could hardly find one to follow But sure they will commend my resolution when they see thee worthy to be made the first president Which thou wilt be if thou firmly retein the wisdome thou wert bred to the fear of the Almighty and which are the pillars of a Kingdome the patronage of Religion and the Laws One thing remains which thy Father makes his last wish That thou maist have a sonne grow up worthy to have thy Government transferred upon him but yet have no necessity to do it Having spoken this he embraced his sonne that was upon his knees striving to kiss his hand and piously and fatherly praying God to bless him his tears broke off his words and drew tears abundantly from the eyes of the beholders King Philip humbly kissing his Fathers hand then rising to the Estates excused his ignorance in the French tongue commanding Anthony Perenott Granvell Bishop of Arras to speak for him who in a most learned Oration interpreted the Kings mind as gratefull to his father so likewise affectionate to the Low-coutrey-men by his fathers precept and example Iames Masius an eloquent Civill Lawyer answered in the name of the three Estates Lastly Mary Queen of Hungary resigned the Government of the Low-countreys which she had managed five and twenty years for the Emperour her Brother So for that day the Session was adjourned Two moneths after in a farre greater Assembly for fame had further spread it self the Emperour gave to his sonne Philip at once the possession of all his Kingdomes Provinces and Islands aswell in our World as beyond the Line Finally not long after he sent the Crown and Scepter of the Empire all he had then left to his Brother Ferdinand created many years before King of the Romans by the hands of William Prince of Orange who they say at first declining the Ambassage told the Emperour in King Philips presence that he hoped better things from heaven then to see his Master take the Imperiall Crown from his own head and send it by him to another whether it was love to the Emperour of whose grace and bounty he had many proofs or flattery to King Philip whom he knew designed for the Empire by his father who often to that purpose had treated with his Brother Ferdinand For Cesar to confirm the Spanish power of the House of Austria by accession of the Empire had many times by Mary Queen of Hungary sounded his Brother Ferdinand if he would surrender the Kingdome of the Romanes to Philip among other proposals promising to share the Empire with his Brother that ever after there should be two Cesars of equall authority But all this moved not Ferdinand Charles the fifth from so great an Emperour now no body leaving the Court to the new Prince staid a while in a private house till the fleet was ready then losing from Zeland with his sisters Queen Elianor and Queen Mary he sailed with a prosperous wind into the port of Laredâ— in Biscany To follow him out of the Low-Countryes will not be I suppose to wander from the History since by continuing a relation of the last passages of a Prince of the Low-Countreys and the last Prince born a Low-Countrey-man I may appear to be in the Low-Countreys still However I presume the Reader will approve the bringing to light of this great retirement
sing Prayers He often read Saints lives and discoursed of holy things more frequently then he accustomed he washed out the stains of his Conscience by Confession of his sinns and are the bread of Angels though sometimes not fasting for which he had a dispensation by reason of the weakness of his stomack granted by the Pope Nay with a discipline of platted cords so much prevailed the example of others and a mind once conquerour over it self he put himself to constant sharp penance for his former life Which Discipline King Philip ever had in great veneration and a little before his death commanded it to be brought to him and as it was stained in the bloud of Charles his father he sent it to his sonn Philip the third and they say it is still preserved among the pious monuments of the House of Austria Lastly upon occasion of those funerall Obsequies which he celebrated for his Mother on the Anniversary of her decease a new desire set him a longing if it were lawfull to celebrate his own funeralls advising hereupon with Iohn Regula a Father of the Convent and his Confessour when he told him it was though without president yet a pious and meritorious act he commanded immediately that all funerall preparations should be made A Herse was therefore set up in the Church torches lighted and his servants in black stood about it the Service for the dead being mournfully sung by the Religious men He himself surviving his own funeralls beheld in that imaginary last office the true tears of his attendance He heard the Hymn wishing him happy rest among the Saints and he himself singing with them prayed for his own soul till coming near him that officiated and delivering him the torch he held lighted in his hand with eyes lifted up to heaven he said Thou great Iudge of life and death I humbly beseech thee as the Priest takes from me this wax-light I offer so thou at last in thine own good time wilt graciously please to receive my Spirit which I commend into thy hands arms and bosome Then as he was in a loose mourning garment he lay down upon the floor all the Church beginning to weep a fresh and as he had been laid forth to take their last farwell It seems the Emperour by these feigned Rites plaid with approaching death for two dayes after his personated Obsequies he fell into a fever which by little and little consuming him the Archbishop of Toledo gave him all the supplies by the Christian Church appointed for the struggling soul and the Monks that came frequently out of their Cels into his Bed-chamber prayed God to send their Guest a happy convoy to the mansion of the Blessed and on the Eve of the Evangelist S. Matthew in the eight and fiftieth year of his age whereof he onely lived two years with a great sence of Piety and Religion he departed this life His death was attended with conspicuous signes in Heaven and Earth For a while after he sickned there was seen a blazing star in Spain at first somewhat dimm but as his disease increased so it grew in brightness and at last shooting its fiery hair point blank against the Monastery of S. Iustus in the very hour the Emperour died the Comet vanished Nor happened this without admiration in the Emperours garden sprung a Lilly which at the same time put forth two buds The one as it is usuall blowing in the Moneth of May The other though as well watered gave no signe of laying its great belly all the Spring and Summer but that night wherein the Emperours soul put off the garment of his body the Lilly suddenly breaking her Challice with an unseasonable and unexspected Spring began to blow It was likewise observed by all that this Lilly laid upon the high Altar for men to view was received as a happy and white omen Thus Charles the fifth when he had enjoyed his Fathers kingdomes fourty years the Empire six and thirty and himself two after the resignment of all these left it doubtful whether he merited more honour in so long governing the Empire and many Kingdoms or in relinquishing them all together Yet I am not ignorant this Act was then diversly censured and at this day the Emperours resignment is an argument for Rhetoricians to declaim upon in the Schools and Politicians at Court But omitting the conceptions of these men and such builders of Castles in the air I will give you the common and most probable opinions Philip the Second King of Spaine Prince of the Low-countreys Ro Vaughan sculp But whatsoever it was King Philip after his Fathers decease disposing of his new Dominions instead of Mary Queen of Hungary substituted in the government of the Low-Countreys and Burgundy Emmanuel Philibert Duke of Savoy who besides his nearness of bloud to Charles the fifth had given him many proofs of his experience in the Warrs especially in those Provinces against the French Nor were his great abilities less usefull to King Philip in the War that welcomed him to his new Principality For though the Kings Henry and Philip in the beginning of this year by the mediation of Mary Queen of England had made a five years truce at Cambray yet by reason of the Warre flaming between the Pope and King Philip the Truce within the year was broken the Spaniard laying the fault upon the French and the French upon the Spaniard King Henry called into Italy by the Caraffi embraced the specious pretence of protecting the Pope but peradventure he looked not so much upon the cause as upon the issue of the War easily believing he should conquer this new and unexperienced Prince having at more then one Battel overthrown so old a Souldier and so great a Conquerour as his Father And now the French having past the Alps under the Duke of Guise's Command fought for the Pope in Italy and at the same time entring the Low-Countreys under the Conduct of Colligni plundred the Province of Artois Whilest King Philip the Duke of Alva strongly prosecuting his affairs in Italy on the one part prevailed with his Wife to denounce War against King Henry on the other part he commanded Philibert Duke of Savoy to make an introde into France by whose valour and conduct he won that memorable Victory at S. Quintins which put all France into a shaking fit insomuch as the greattest part of their Gentry being prisoners to the Spaniard the rest marched into Italy it was the common fear if the Conquerour came on he would easily possess himself of Paris most of the Townsmen being fled to the neighbouring cities as if the Spaniard were at their gates But King Henry commanding the Duke of Guise out of Italy and raising a great Army which is ordinary in France where the children are bred souldiers he soon interrupted the
Spanish triumph for immediately he took Calice which Port the Kings of England used to call The Portall of France and so long as they enjoyed it they said They wore the keyes of France at their girdle being all the remainder of their two hundred years conquest that was kept by the Englishmen upon the continent of France which Kingdome in a few dayes they were forced to restore to its ancient bounds retiring to their own within the Sea But shortly after the Die of War ran on the Spanish side For King Philip perceiving the French Army to be divided proud of their number and success having in hope devoured all the Low-Countreys he himself divided his own forces part he sent against Paulus Termus burning and spoyling the Sea-coast of Flanders under the Command of Lamorall Count Egmont the gallantest of all the Low-countrey-men who was Generall of his Horse at the battel of S. Quintin and a great cause of the victory The other part of his Army he sent into Savoy to attend the motion of the Duke of Guise Count Egmont fighting a battel before Graveling a port of Flanders with great valour and fortune won the day For whilest the old souldiers of both Armies fought doubtfully for sometime on a sudden the French gave ground and lost the battel for ten English ships as they sailed by seeing the fight struck into the mouth of the river of Hay and with their Cannon so galled the French on that side where they held themselves to be impregnable coming upon them with such an unexspected and therefore a more dreadfull storm from sea that the Foot being disordered their fear was infused into the Horse so as their Army being routed there scarce remained one of the whole number to carry home news of the overthrow For part were sâ—ain in the fight the Duke and his great Officers taken prisoners the rest were either knocked down as they swam by the English besides two hundred taken alive and presented to the Queen for witnesses of their service at the battel or by the Boors in revenge of the plundering and firing of their houses killed without mercy To their misfortune was added that the reliques of the Army scattered in places they knew not about Flanders had their brains beaten out by the women that came upon them with clubs and spits and which is a more dangerous weapon armed with the furie of their sex some almost railing them to death others pricking their bodkins into them with exquisite barbarity pulled them to pieces with their nayls as the Bacchanals tore Orpheus Thus Henry of France loosing two battels in one year seeing his old souldiers slain and which is of fadder consequence the noblest of his subjects taken prisoners which are the strength of the French Militia He willingly embraced that peace which so long as fortune smiled upon him he had sleighted And King Philip moved by the accession of Calice to the Kingdome of France and his experience of the War had the like inclination to Peace Just as we see after the clouds have fought and are broken the Sun breaks forth nor ever shines a greater hope of Peace then when a War is seriously prosecuted fury being as it were glutted and weary with the slaughter The honour of this Peace was attributed to Christiern Dutchess of Lorain mediating between the two Kings as cosen-germane to King Philip and by late affinity gracious with King Henry Nor is it unusuall to employ that Sex in such transactions for it is held a point of Civility to yield to their solicitation The news of this Peace which after long dispute opened it self with the Spring in the city of Cambray was received with so great a joy of the Christian world weary of the tedious War that higher expression of contented minds are scarce recorded in the memory of man They that compared this peace with that concluded between the fathers of these Kings above thirty years before mediated likewise by Princesses and concluded where this was in the Town of Cambray a place destinated as it seems for peacemaking shall find then no common joy because divers Princes were not parties to the League and the warr in Italy still continued Whereas all the Princes of Europe being equally comprehended in this Peace an equall joy spread it self through all nations filling every mind with great hope of long friendship between the Kings which afterward fell out accordingly A Marriage was likewise made the better to confirm the Peace which notwithstanding continues among Princes no longer then ambition suffers it to which for the most part Kings are more truly married King Philip Mary Queen of England being dead the year before was offered a wife that had been promised to his son Charles Prince of Spain Isabella King Henries daughter eleven years of age who because she was born when the peace was begun with England and married to make a peace with Spain they called the Princess Peace In like manner Emman Philibert married King Henries sister Margaret and had in portion with her all those towns beyond and on this side the Alps which France the first and Henry himself had taken from him But never did France celebrate so joyfull a Wedding with so sad a close Among other preparations there a Tournament that is fearfull pleasure and an honourable danger wherein one cannot think them to be in jest that fight nor to fight when they see all intended but for sport It is an exercise the French exceedingly affect and they account it noble as being a bold and warlike nation The Lists now set up and scaffolded like a stage were filled with the best Tilters in Christendome for France challenged Europe at the breaking of a spear The two first dayes the King himself ran and had the Victory but when he came the third time in all his glory into the Lists against the advice of the Lords encountring the Captain of his Guard before his Bever was down a splinter of his Launce flying in his face struck out his right eye and shooting into his brain the Queen and Queen-mother with the Kings children beholding those unfortunate Revells he presently fell in a swound and being caught in mens arms the whole stage running bloud which but now rung with joyfull acclamations and applauses suddenly turned into mournings and lamentations The fifth day after this Prince no less valiant then religious and every way worthy a better fate departed his life And before the eyes of an infinite multitude which it seems he had proudly invited to his own funerals he acted to the life without scene or fable the Tragedy of mortall happiness They say one that cast his nativity as these kind of Predictions are commonly produced after the event foretold this very accident For Queen Katharine of Medices desirous to know the fate of her children of
they call the States till it should be otherwise ordered by the King who for some time doubted whether he should allow that form of Goverment or no. For Gregory the thirteenth who had mutually agreed with King Philip to assist the Queen of Scots then a Prisoner being to nominate a Generall for that expedition for it was undertaken in the Popes not the Kings name lest it might distast the Rivalls of the Spanish Greatnesse his Holinesse made choice of Don Iohn of Austria famous for Sea victories And therefore advised the King by Ormanetti who was trusted in the transaction of that businesse to send his Brother into the Low-countreys wanting at that time a Governour who would be in great esteem with the Low countrey men that honoured the memory of his Father Charles the fifth and might from thence passe with a Fleet into England where he if any man might exspect success He likewise articled with King Philip that the Queen of Scots if it pleased God they freed her from captivity should be married to Don Iohn with the Kingdome of England for her dowry which would be a fair title to the Island for the House of Austria to ground a Warre upon The King disliked it not though he more approved of the Expedition then of the Generall but instantly resolved and promised the Nuncio to send his brother into the Low-countreys But his Majestie thought it not amisse to protract his Brothers going for a while that he might see how the Low-countreymen would govern the Low-countreys moved hereunto by Ioachim Opper a Low-countrey man his Secretary for the Netherlands who delivered his opinion that the Low-countrey Lords would no doubt be infinitely carefull of the Common-wealth and would now themselves apply to the evill that remedie for which they had so often solicited the King Who by confiding in them would for ever oblige the hearts of the Low-countrey men Especially in that his Majestie well knew the Principall Senatours Duke Areschot the Counts Mansfeldt and Barlamont and the President of the Senate himself Viglius Zuichom were men of most undoubted Religion and Loyaltie But to govern by a Committee that I may not accuse the Kings prudence from the event was then unseasonable For in the most troubled State the most present remedy is for one man to rule Truly this indulgence of the Prince did more hurt to the Low-countreys then all his severity as appeared by the immediate ruine of the Provinces For the people freed from a Spanish Governour would not acknowledge a new one in the Senate or rather greatly feared not a power divided and diminished among many And the Lords despised the government of their Peers and easily deluded their discordant Votes and Orders Some enemies to the Spaniard desirous of revenge fomented this difference of the Lords especially the Burgesses for Brabant and Haynolt whom Requesenes had larely called to Bruxells For these as they were chosen under-hand by means of the Prince of Orange in regard of the Authority wherewith those Provinces intrusted them hugely distracted the Senate And though both parties pretended the Kings name and cause yet their Designes and Counsels were so different that some of them were vulgarly called Spaniards others Patriots or Protectours of their Countrey And as the word Countrey infinitely takes the People with a counterfeit and deceiving image of Libertie it was not to be doubted but in case of a Warre the major part of the Low-countrey-men would adhere unto this party Nor was occasion long wanting to mature the mischief For when they had taken Ziriczee after Requesenes his death the Germans and Spaniards clamouring for their pay for that Island had afforded very little money it was resolved on by the Senate for easing the Low-countreys of the burden of forrein Souldiers to pay and cashiere the regiment of Hannibal Count de Altempse because there having lately been a breach between him and the Governour of Antwerp Frederick Perenot Lord of Campin about the Garrison it was feared lest publick mischief might ensue In the mean time the Spaniards that took Ziriczee under Colonell Mondragonio when they saw themselves passed by and the many moneths pay which was promised them issued out to others interpreting not falsely as some said that it was done out of malice to their Nation and they thereby necessitated to an Insurrection First as if he looked not into their business they threatned Mondragonio then hearing of the complaints made in the Senate of Bruxels by Count Altempse who publickly affirmed that he was casheired not for any danger to the Town of Antwerp nor with relation to his fouldiers importunity for pay which he himself a fortnight longer was able to have satisfied but only by the subtilty spleen of the Lord Campin that excluded souldiers faithfull to the King and so weakning the Spanish partie intended to betray the citie to the Prince of Orange Whereupon the Spaniards troubled at the publick danger and the more exasperated by their private injury in regard they demanded but what was due to their extraordinary labours and unprendented courage in wading through the sea seized upon their Captains and chose themselves a Generall in Mondragonio's place Whereto they were animated by the example of the horse and recruited by the accession of Valdez his Regiment They sent letters therefore to the Senate at Bruxels threatningly petitioning for their money Nor did the Senate deny it the major part being Royallists But the Burgesfes of Hoynolt and Brabant long since bought as I said with the Prince of Oranges money interceded in the name of their Provinces pretending publick necessitie And whilst the Senate partly affrighted with their protestations partly intangled in crosse votes deferred their payment the Spaniards thinking their menaces contemned took up their Colours in furie crying Away for Brabant And having left Ziricze guarded with a few Wallons quitting Schelt and Duveland Islands they had conquered with so much glory to their Nation they ran up and down Brabant threatning but not resolved upon any determinate design the Cities generally trembling and in amazement exspecting where that storm would fall But having first rejected the conditions which Count Mansfeldt meeting them near Asc brought from the Senate then sending away Iuliano Romero who for the same cause came from the Spaniards without so much as hearing him speak afterward shaking their swords and presenting their muskets against Francisco Montesdocha they commanded him to come no nearer and lastly on a sudden possessed themselves of Aelst a town in Flanders not farre from Bruxels hanging the King Officer that opposed them before the Gates openly professing they meant to keep Aelst as a pledge till their Arrears were paid When this news came to Bruxels with addition but false that they had plundered the Town and put the People to the sword the minds
the Astrologer Gauricus he answered her the Kings head would be endangered by a Duell Others say the very night before his misfortune the Queen had the manner of his death presented in her dream But some who wisely observed not without admitation of Divine justice that the King who in the beginning of his Reign gave way to a serious Duell between two young Gentlemen of great families and with the Lords of his Court sate to behold it should in an unfortunate mock Duell loose both his life and Kingdome Howbeit he was then penitent for the fact and had made a vow never after to allow of any more such fighting and if in this last Tournament he sinned in the vain ostentation of his strength no doubt but he abundantly redeemed it in that admirable and Christian constancie of his soul in her extreamest agony Sure he had contributed much to the religious meekness of the French if he had buried this barbarous Recreation in his tomb This year that I may enlarge my History a little was fatall if we may so call it to many and great Princes that dyed one after another especially since no contagion reigned among the People very few vulgar corpses being then buried yet in the compass of one year most of the Lords of Europe were entombed There dyed the Emperour Charles the fifth and Henry the second of France Christian King of Denmark and Christiern also King of Denmark the last onely surviving four and twenty dayes Queen Elianor sister to Charles the fifth married first to Emmanuel King of Portugall then to Francis the first of France Mary who followed her brother Charles the fifth within less then a moneth and a Queen of England of that name and Bona Sfortza mother to Sigismund Augustus King of Poland the other two were wives to Kings one to Lodowick of Hungary the other to Philip the second of Spain There died Pope Paul the fourth attended by the funerals of ten Cardinals two Princes Electors the Archbishop of Cullen and the Prince Palatine Laurentius Priulus Duke of Venice and Hercules Este Duke of Ferrara not to name inferious Princes whose continued Obsequies filled the Annual Register so as that season seemed to be Deaths greater Harvest when he cropt the heads of Nations as Tarquin struck off the Poppy-heads King Philip therefore having now concluded a Peace departed with his Queen from Savoy into Italy for King Henries death had altered no part of the agreement and before his going into Spain to take possession of his Kingdomes he thought it best to settle not onely the Civil and Military but likewise the Ecclesiasticall State of the Low-Countreys Belgica by Forreiners called Flanders from the noblest part of it and the Low-Countreys from the low situation or as the Germans will have it from affinity with their language and manners is known by the name of the lower Germany it is indeed a little parcel of Europe as not much exceeding the fifth part of Italy nor above a thousand miles in compasse yet I hardly know any Countrey more rich or populous The Prince making as much of Flanders as the Kings of England set by the revenues of the Church used to do of that large Island It containeth Cities or Towns equall to Cities above three hundred and fiftie great Villages to omit the lesser above six thousand three hundred besides Forts that stand so thick as if the ground were sown with them Yet the ingeniousness of the People and their contrivance is such as their variety and plenty of manufactures are more then can be used in the narrow bounds of this one Nation The world hath not a more industrious richer or constanter Militia so as Mars seems here to set up school and teach the Art of War to people that come hither from all climates Then what unknown sea-coasts and Regions beyond the Line hath not the Hollander discovered as much as Nature by Land contracts their limits so much by Sea have they opened to themselves larger Countreys which they have subdued and peopled extending as it were the Suburbs of the seventeen Provinces The Cloth and Stuff they make not onely fill as great as it is all Europe but far and wide through every Nation of Africa and Asia they daily bear about the Low-Countreys Nay the West-Indians trucking for their Linen and Woollen have learned the names of the Low-Countrey cities To conclude we seldome at this day admire the workmanship of any Engines which the Low-Countrey men have not either invented or brought unto perfection Heretofore their wits were indeed kept under and depressed when their fortune was as low as their Countrey Now there is an other age and other manners Their love to learning their skill in Sea-fights their gainfull trade of Navigation the well-ordering of the Common-wealth by themselves created their stupendious Fire and Water-works proofs of no dejected natures are scarce any where to be matched I am sure so many together are not to be seen in all the rest of Europe as in this little plot of the Low-Countreys It is likewise proper to this Nation if left to themselves to hate fraud and by that credit which they know they themselves deserve to measure others They are not greatly taken with presents at least not long using benefits like flowers that please while they are fresh their sense of injuries is the same which they presently forget and easily pass over unless they conceive themselves sleighted then their fury is implacable They have likewise a shrewd guess of their own strength seldome undertaking any thing they do not compass Yet no people under heaven drive on a subtiler traffick either by Sea or Land inhabiting both the Elements and not obliged by the Laws of either In this they exceed that how great soever their gains or losses are a Common case with Merchants they passe it over with so little and dull a sense of joy or grief as you would think them factours for others not owners of the goods I suppose out of the native temper of their minds and the air of their Countrey that quickens them with colder spirits But in maintaining their liberty they are very fierce for they hold it an honour to undervalue all things in respect of that wherein they sometimes come nearer to licentiousness then liberty The whole Region of Belgica is divided according to their own calculation into seventeen Provinces which not long ago were either by affinity or traffick or arms associated under the Government of one Prince Philip was the first of all the Dukes of Burgundy under whose protection many more Belgick Provinces put themselves then ever submitted to any other For Burgundy Brabant Flanders Limburgh Lucemburgh Artois Haynolt Namurs Holland Zeland Frizeland the Marquisate of the sacred Empire were solely in his possession To these his sonne Charles
of his Embassadour at Vienna intreating his Imperiall Majestie for the nearness of their love and bloud to assist with his authority those levies But the Emperour because he had heard that the Governess and the confederate Gentlemen were now agreed commending the wisdome of that policy diswaded the King from those Arms and Levies Perhaps because the Turk then threatning him he could not spare so many men perhaps because he thought it an honour to be the Arbiter and Composer of other Princes quarrels Therefore in his Letters to the Governess the Emperour promised her his endeavours if any thing was yet uncomposed And wrote likewise to the Covenanters to this effect That he was much troubled to hear of their difference with the Governess and of the stirres that daily followed thereupon which because they were in the confine of the Empire in the Dominion of the King his Uncle in Provinces so much by him esteemed it concerned the Majesty of the Empire that he should by his assistance and authority assert the obedience of the Subiectâ— to their Prince That he hoped these his endeavours would be acceptable to the Catholick King and he was sure they would be safe for the Confederates Therefore he advised them in the interim to attempt no Innovation but as Allegiance bound them to compell the tumultuous people to be quiet This Letter and divers more of the same subject written to the Lords the Emperour sent the Governess to read and as it should be needfull to deliver But the Governess sending copies of them to the King a good while exspected his Answer till the stirres daily encreasing her Excellence receiving new commands from his Majestie to levy forrein forces gave thanks to the Emperour Maximiilian letting him know that the present condition of affairs was such as no capitulation could be made with an armed Faction without arms Wherefore dispatching the Kings letters to the Electours of the Empire and others especially to those that were to raise the men she beseeched the Emperour that the Assistance which he had graciously offered in the Low-countreys he would please to perform among the Germane Princes and the Commanders there which would be now more opportune and a farre greater favour to the King And truly the Emperour did not onely this but likewise by Edict prohibited and made it death for any Germane to bear arms against the King of Spain Which among divers others how deeply it was resented by the Prince of Orange though otherwise subtil and close he expressed at table wine laying open the secrets of his heart For being invited by Gresser Agent for the Queen of England after he had drunk soundly the Prince began in great fury to inveigh against the Emperours Edict That the Emperour and the King and whosoever was of their opinion deceived themselves that not onely the Germans would take arms but a great sort of other Nations bordering upon the Empire That the Danes the Swedes and many others would not be wanting which both would and could help the confederate Low-countreymen Thus threatning in his rage after supper he was mollified with a song But the Letters which I have mentioned sent from the King and the Governess to the Princes of Germany were by them diversly answered The Electours of Trier and Mentz did much approve of the Kings designe against the Rebels and disturbers of the Catholick Religion promising their assistance as befitted good friends and neighbours both Princes of the Empire and allies unto his Majesty they would therefore give free passage through all their Towns and Jurisdictions to such forces as upon this occasion should with the Emperours consent be raised The like promises were made by the rest of the Catholick Bishops in Germanie The Duke of Bavaria added that all men were bound by force of Arms to oppose such tumults that as plagues laid cities desolate and he desired his Majestie would be very vigilant in it Farre different expressions were returned from the hereticall Princes for the Landtgrave of Hessen and the Duke of Wirtemberg excusing themselves in point of Religion which would not suffer them to prejudice those of their own Profession advised the Governess to seek redress without arms onely by allowing the Confession of Auspurg and Liberty of conscience But the Count Palatine Frederick the third who declared himself Defendour of the new Faith in Germany wrote the most confident and longest letter of them all For he not onely pleaded to the Governess the cause of the Low-countrey men and maintained their innocence but defying the Bishop of Rome the veneration of holy Images and the tyrannie of the Inquisitours concluded that Religion bound him not to oppose his brethren professing the Faith of Ausburg and the pure word of God The Landtgrave of Hessen and the Palsgrave not thus contented perswaded the Duke of Brunswick not to engage in a warre undertaken merely for Religion and not to accept the Command of horse offered to him Notwithstanding he took it nor did any other Commander invited by the King refuse his Commission but onely Iohn of Nassau brother to the Prince of Orange Nor did Charles the ninth of France requested by the Governess fail to declare himself enemy to these insurrections commanding by Proclamation that none of his subjects should presume to assist the Rebels of the Low-countreys with relation as I conceive to the mutuall promise of Assistance made at Baion and particularly fearing if the Hereticks should be masters of the Netherlands France would be overflowed with the same filthy sink I am certain King Philip sent him letters full of thanks and likewise signified to the Governess his Intention presently to begin his voyage for which all things being now in readiness he onely wanted health for his quartane Ague had not yet left him though he meant not to exspect a perfect Recovery but to go forthwith to Madrid that having setled his affairs he might from thence contemning any danger to his life pass over into the Low-countreys This which was likewise by Bergen and Montiny writ from Spain in cypher began to be believed The minds of many were exceedingly troubled at the news insomuch as the Prince of Orange his brother Lewis the Counts Egmont Hochstrat and Horn met at Dendermund betwixt Antwerp and Gant to communicate the intelligence which every one of them had received concerning the Kings coming and thereupon to advise what generall course was to be held Though this meeting was appointed and came together with all secresie yet the industrious Governess knew all their proceedings And as multitudes of spies alwayes attend a Jealous Prince there wanted not that kind of men Eves-droppers and Hocus-Pocuses the summe of whose life is to know and not to be known which pryed into all their secret consultations and resolutions And as farre as she could understand the
discharge of forreiners for the Obedience which they formerly shewed to the Dutchesse of Parma questionlesse they will not now deny to you and to the King himself But when the Spaniards shall be dismissed if there be danger the Low-countreymen solicited by the Prince of Orange may soon forget this Act of Grace shall we therefore conclude that we must necessarily be circumvented by their fraud and oppressed by their arms Are not the Loyall Provinces able to sustain the first charge of an insurrection till Forces can be sent for out of Burgundy had at hand and out of Germany not farre off And then we have so much more reason to look for good successe by how much we shall be assisted with a more powerfull armie sent from the King in defence of his own commands and we may with more justice punish the perfidious Rebels Wherefore in a word I deny not but the forrein souldiers whether retained or dismissed may somewhat indanger us but when I see on the one side a certain warre and the Kings certain displeasure no help and on the other that you are offered the possession of the Government hope of quieting the Low-countreys the Kings favour and assistance and consequently if a warre should break forth that which would much conduce to victorie I think in point of discretion this ought to be preferred before the contrarie Don Iohn though he was very unwilling to forgo his Spanish forces a greater secret then I have yet discovered won him to consent For if he by keeping them should have interrupted the peace of the Low-countreys which his Majestie had particularly recommended to him he might well suspect it would be whispered in the Kings ear open to such kind of jealousies that by laying the plot for a warre he was ambitious of new power and greater fortunes Besides he longed exceedingly for the voyage into England which if he were ingaged in the Low-countrey war he knew would slip out of his hands Withall he took it for granted that the Low-countreymens hearts alienated by the Warres and Taxes of former Governours might by contrary arts be reconciled Therefore according to mans nature thinking himself and his winning carriage would be more prevalent then any stratagem of the Enemie and coveting what others could not get in the Low-countreys the title of Peace-maker he resolved to allow the assembly at Gant and to sign their conditions Especially because he conceived that he should sufficiently provide for Religion and the Crown forasmuch as the league concluded in these words We the Delegates of the Estates whose names are under-written and by whose authority the Estates are now assembled have do promise for ever to maintain the League for the conservation of our most sacred faith and the Romane Catholick Religion for the perfecting of the pacification of Gant For the expulsion of the Spaniards and their Adherents due Obedience to the Kings Majestie being still and for ever rendered Notwithstanding he asked the opinions of the profoundest schollars whether by those heads which he gave them accurately to examine the orthodox faith or the Kings honour might receive any prejudice And when they resolved him no danger could accrue to either in case this clause were added That nothing in those Articles or any part thereof was established or decreed contrary to the Catholick Religion and the Kings Authority Don Iohn confirmed by their judgements sent their advice and the Bishops letters to the same effect unto his Majestie Who consenting and likewise the Emperour Rodolph Bishop of Liege and Duke of Cleveland by their Embassadours swearing to it a new Pacification called the perpetuall league was made at Marcha a Citie in the Province of Luxemburg Wherein by Don Iohns Agents the dismission of the Spaniards and the whole pacification of Gant was confirmed and by the Deputies of the Estates a caution for constancie to Religion and the Kings obedience which they had formerly sworn for ever to continue was again expressely inserted And now Don Iohn after he had caused the pacification to be proclaimed first at Bruxels then at Antwerp and in other Cities set forth from Luxemburg being met upon the way by the Low-countrey Lords with an infinite number of the Gentrie and at Lovain in the beginning of March he was saluted with a generall joy Governour of the Low-countreys There he thought fit to make some stay that he might from thence quicken the dull motion of the Spaniards departure For they held it a grievous injury to be upon a sudden at the pleasure of the Low-countreymen dispossessed of so many Forts and Garrison towns as they had in so long a time purchased with their bloud Moreover many of them having lived divers years in the Low-countreys being possessed of land and having married wives of that Nation by whom they had children were brought then by degrees to love the place like Natives Nor waâ— ted they some Mutineirs that cryed out Was that cashiering a just reward for their labours and so much bloud as they had spent in Service must their gaping Soars their losse of Limbs and their crackt Sinews in stead of Rest and Accommodation be recompensed with their Countreymens ingratefull oblivion or neglect however with the publick hate and execration of the Dutch what would the French the Italians and other Nations say but that the Spanish Souldiers could be suffered to live no where Sixteen years ago the Governesse Margaret of Austria had turned them out of the Low-countreys and now this Governour Don John of Austria had again expelled them with so much the greater dishonour by how much there was then a fairer pretence for the Kings sending them into Africa to recrueit his Armie But now plainly by publick Edict they who alone in the Low-countreys had maintained the Kings Right were now forsooth declared Enemies to the King and the Low-countreys and by a common confederation of the Provinces expelled as if Peace and a Spaniard could not inhabite there together Thus they discoursed though discontentedly not threatningly yet furie as the custome is by meeting others and communicating their Grievances increased the nearer the day of their departure came grief making them still more sensible of their condition the more obstinate they shewed themselves especially at Antwerp where their number and late victory had so elevated them as there was little hope they would easily deliver up the Fort. But the care of the vigilant Commanders and Reverence to the Royall bloud among the loyall Regiments trained in the old Discipline prevailed so much that by degrees the love of Obedience returned and Iuan Escovedo a very prudent man sent post to Antwerp by Don Iohn appeased the Mutiniers with an apposite Oration For after he had read the Kings letters wherein the Spaniards were commanded to depart the Low-countreys beginning with
Duell between two French Gentlemen l. 1. p. 13 Dui passes the Mose l. 7. p. 46. is defeated and taken ibid. condemned to loose his head l. 7. p. 49 Dullart a Bay l. 7. p. 56. 47 Duncher a Pilot. l. 6. p. 19. his ship taken ibid. Duveland an Island drown'd by the sea l. 8. p. 10. reinhabited ibid. the sea about it waded over ibid. the Island taken by the Spaniards l. 8. p. 13. Sentences in D. DANGER it self the best remedy for danger l. 5. p. 113 Men in like DANGER easily associate l. 5. p. 137 Between the businesse of life and day of DEATH a space ought to be interposed l. 1. p. 10 Resolutions are given with greater authority at a DISTANCE l. 4. p. 88 It is more DISREPUTATION to fall from a place of eminence then never to have been advanced l. 10. p. 15 E. EArthquake in Asia insert in the reading 12 Cities of Asia l. 5. p. 127. in Brabant l. 7. p. 40. swallows 33. Villages l. 7. p. 47. Ebolo the Prince vide Rodorick or Ruigomez Eclipse of the Sun l. 1. p. 22 Edam a town l. 7. p. 72 Edict of the Duke of Alva for exacting of tribute l. 7. p. 65. 67. mitigated l. 7. p. 70. of Charles the fifth at Wormes against Luther and the Hereticks l. 2. p. 34 seven times renewed ibid. revived and published l. 4. p. 96. reprehended l. 5. p. 1. l. 5. p. 105. 106. defefided l. 5. p. 105. mitigated l. 7. p. 106. Of Charles the ninth of France against the Heriticks l. 5. p. 138. against the Germans that should oppose the Spaniards in the Low-countreys l. 5. p. 134 Of Francis the first of France against Maroi's Poetry l. 3. p. 63. of Margaret of Parma for religion l. 4. p. 96. against the Heriticks that dwelt at Antwerp l. 5. p. 117. against their sermons ibid. against their exercises ibid. against Fugitives from the Low-countreys l. 6. p. 34. against the Low-country men that should bear armes against France ibid. against the French that should fight in the Low-countryes l. 5. p. 134. of the Royall Senate against the souldiers at Aclst or Aloost l. 8. p. 18. of the States against the Spaniards ibâ—d l. 9. p. 39. of the pacification at Gant l. 9. p. 30 Edward Horsey Governour of the Isle of Wight l. 9. p. 33 Edward Prince of Portugall l. 4. p. 92 Egmond a town in Holland l. 7. p. 53 Egmont vide Charles Lamorall and Philip. Elections of new Bishops in the Low-countreys l. 1. p. 18. made Reversioners to Abbats by â—ius the fourth vide Bishops and Abbats Electors of the Empire of Brandenburg l. 6. p. 18. of Colen l. 1. p. 14. of Mentz l. 5. p. 134. the Palsgrave l. 1. p. 14. l. 5. p. 134. the King of Bohemia l. 7. p. 43. the Duke of Saxony l. 6. p. 18. Trier l. 5. p. 134. Electo chosen by the Mutineeres l. 8. p. 5. p. 8. p. 22 Elogy of Alva l. 7. p. 82. 83. of Aremberg l. 7. p. 47. of Don Iohn l. 10. p. 21 22. of Count Egmont l. 7. p. 53. of Cardinall Granvell l. 4. p. 83. of Lewis of Nassau l. 8. p. 3. of Princess Mary of Portugall l. 4. p. 92. of Requesâ—nes l. 8. p. 15. of Vitelli l. 8. p. 14. vide Encomion Elizabeth Queen of England takes part with the Low-countrey Conspiratours l. 5. p. 101. seizeth the King of Spains money sent to the Duke of Alva l. 5. p. 104. l. 7. p. 65. 66. which occasioneth a contest between her Majesty and the Duke of Alva ibid. she prohibits the Holland Pirats to come within her Ports l. 7. p. 71. her Embassage to the Governesse when she was to leave the Low-countreys l. 6. p. 37. to Don Iohn when he came to the Goverment l. 8. p. 33. she is by the Lords proposed for Governess for the Low-countreys l. 9. p 38. she sends to Don Iohn for a cessation of armes l. 9. p. 49. and threatnes ibid. is not heard ibid. a rumour that she was to be married to Don Iohn l. 10. p. 20. Elizabeth Cuilemburg l. 1. p. 20 Embassador from the King of Spain to the Pope l. 1. p. 18. l. 3. p. 66. to the Queen of England l. 4. p. 94. to the King of France l. 5. p. 134. l. 5. p. 140. l. 7. p. 79. l. 10. p. 20. l. 10. p. 24. from France to the Pope l. 4. p. 85. the contest between the French and Spanish Embassadours in the councell of Trent ibid. revived at Rome ibid. what was done thereupon in â—he Emperours Court ibid. what at Rome ibid. Emden a town l. 7. p. 55 Emmanuell King of Portugall l. 4. p. 92. 94 Emmanuell Montiny Commander of a Regiment l. 9. p. 50. Emmanuell Philibert Duke of Savoy Governour of the Low countreys l. 1. p. 11. victorious at Saint Quintin ibid. his marriage with Margaret sister to Henry of France l. 1. p. 13. he and his wife go for Italy l. 1. p. 26. how highly the King of Spain valued him l. 6. p. 21. 26. Emperour sued unto by the Low-countrey Nobility to accept of the Low-Countreys l. 5. p. 135. punishmentâ— by Emperours decreâ—d against Heriticks l. 2. p. 33 3â— Ems a River l. 7. p. 55 56 71 Encomion of Count Barlamont l. 10. p. 5. of Isidor Pacecho l. 8. p. 12. of Mondragonio l. 8. p. 2. of Penonio l. 10. p. 1â— of Vitelli l. 7. p. 62. vide Elogit Engelbert Count of Nassau Governour of the Low-countreys l. 1. p. 1â— Engelbert of Nassau the first l. 2. p. 43. 2. ibid. their power in the Low-countreys how increased ibid. Englands King vide Philip the Second Englands Queen vide Elizabeth and Mary The English loose Calice l. 1. p. 11. do execution upon the French Army from Sea l. 1. p. 12. their ships and goods embargued in the Ports of the Low-countreys and Spaiâ— l. 7. p. 66. they take the Portugall ships richly laden ibid. some conspiring against Don Iohn of Austria are put to death l. 10. p. â—0 Engines l. 8. p. 9 â—0 Engineeres l. 6. p. â—1 Enterprise of Alex Farnese l. 9. p. 45 51 of Caius Fabias l. 9. p. 40. of Ciacconio l. 8. p. 8. of Iohn Boccace a lâ—suite l. 9. p. 40. of Mondragonio l. 6. p. 30. l. 7. p. 77. of him and others l. 8. p. 9. of Perotto l. 8. p. â— Envy at Court l. 2. p. 37 41. l. 3. p. 56. between the Low-countrey Lords and Granvell l. 2. p. 41 42 l. 3. p. 72. between the Spanish and Low-countrey Nobility l. 2. p. 42. between Granvell and Reguard l. 3. p. 67. between the Duke of Alva and the Prince of Eboâ—o l. 6. p. 22. l. 7. p. 65. between Alva and Egmond l. 7. p. 51 vide Ambition Epirots l. 6. p. 30 Erasso a Courtier very intimate with the King of Spain l. 3. p. 66. Erick Duke of
till the Councel of Trent should end ibid. but receiv'd by neither party ibid. Invective of the Marquess of Bergen against Cardinal Granvel l. 3. p. 75. of the Prince of Orange against the Emperours Edict l. 5. p. 133. Inundation a most horrid one in the Low-countries l. 7. p. 69. Ioachim Opper l. 8. p. 16. Ioan Alibret daughter to Margaret of Valois and Henry King of Navarre wife to Anthony Bourbon l. 3. p. 56. had implacable hatred to the name of Rome and Spain l. 3. p. 57. Comparâ—d to Tullia Tarquins wife ibid. Her Curtain-lecture to her husband when she set him at the Catholicks ibid. Her indignation against him l. 3. p. 59. Ioan of Austria l. 10. p. 22 23. Ioan daughter to Ferdinand the Catholick King wife to Philip the first l. 1. p. 17. Ioan daughter to Duke Wenceslaus l. 9. p. 36. Don Iohn of Austria born at Ratisbone l. 10. p. 16. Carried into Spain in Swadling-clouts l. 10. p. 17. Educated at Villa-Garcia ibid. sav'd from fire ibid. His disposition and behaviour ibid. The Emperour intends to make a Priest of him ibid. He is commended to King Philip by their father Charles the fifth ibid. He is own'd by his brother as he was hunting l. 10. p. 18. taken to Court ibid. sent to the university of Alcala l. 9. p. 44. bred with Prince Charles and Alexander Farneze l. 10. p. 18. Compared with them ibid. He offends the King because he would not enter into holy Orders ibid. and by going to the War of Malta without the Kings leave ibid. He regaines the Kings favour l. 10. p. 19. disswades Prince Charles from going into the Low-countries l. 7. p. 44. Discovers to the King the Prince's Design to steal away l. 10. p. 19. Is made General against the Moores ibid. Admiral of the whole Fleet in the holy War against the Turk l. 9. p. 45. l 4. p. 81. Receives the sacred Standard of Christendome from Granvell Vice-Roy of Naples ibid. The difference between him and Vernerio l. 9. p. 45. Wins the Battel of Lepaâ—ot l. 10. p. 19. l. 9. p. 46. l. â— 10 P. 21. Again commands in chief at Sea l. 9. p. 46. Besieges Navarine in vain ibid. 47. Challenges the Ottoman Fleet ibid. at the dissolving of the holy League goes for Sicily ibid. Takes Tunis and Biserta by assault l. 10. p. 19. Carries away King Amida with his two sons prisoners ibid. gives his Kingdome to Mehâ—met l. 10. p. 21. Returnes victorious into Italy ibid. Defers the Acceptance of the Kingdome of Ireland l. 10. p. 22. Offends the King with putting a Garrison into Biserta l. 10. p. 19. The Popes request for the Conferring upon him the title of King of Tunis ibid. His houshold servants chang'd by the King ibid. Recal'd from Italy into Spain ibid. Desires the Place honour of a Prince Iâ—â—anta ibid. is by the Pope propos'd to his Majesty for Governour of the Low-countries l. 8. p. 16. The Government promised to him by the King ibid. p. 19. He is design'd General for the Army that was to Land in Great Britain l. 8. p. 16. 'T is falsly rumor'd That should marry Elizabeth Queen of England l. 10 p. 20. l. 8. p. 16. He comes into the Low-countries l. 9. p. 26. The Senators and Delegates of the Estates doubt whether or no they should admit him ibid. He consults about sending away of the Spaniards from the Low-Countries l. 9. p. 27. Resolves to dismisse them and why l. 9. p. 29. Allowes of the Pacification of Gaâ—t l. 9. p. 30. Proclaims it ibid. Is acknowledged Governour of the Low-countries ibid. Presses the Spaniards to depart ibid. Lends money to the Estates to pay the Spaniards l. 9. p. 32. Enters Bruxels with extraordinary pomp ibid. His gracious carriage ibid. He requires that the Prince of Orange with the Hollanders and Zeleanders shall subscribe the Perpetual Edict l. 8. p. 33. His Letters to the King intercepted and published ibid. Many suspect and fall off from him l. 9. p. 34. His dissembled flight ibid. He seizes the Castle of Namure l. 9. p. 35. He certifies the Deputies of the Estates of the cause of his departure ibid. Complains of Contumelies offer'd to and plots laid against him ibid. Writes to the Provinces ibid. Attempts the Fort at Antweâ—p ibid. Is by the Estates accus'd of Counterfeiting his fears ibid. He showes them to be real l. 9. p. 36. Receives supplies of money from the Pope ibid. Is incourag'd by the Kings Letters ibid. sharply reproves the Estates for creating the Prince of Orange Ruart of the Province l. 9. p. 37. Prepares for War ibid. what forces he had ibid. It troubles him the Arch-Duke Matthias was to come into the Low-Countries l. 9. p. 39. The Senate declares him Enemy to the Countrey ibid. He calls back the Spaniards from Italy l. 9. p. 41. Invites Alexander Farneze whom the King had design'd for the Low-Countriesl 9. p. 48. Joyfully receives him ibid. Is animated by his coming with the Spanish Army l. 9. p. 41. Sends relief to Breda besieg'd l. 9. p. 49. Defends Ruremund ibid. Refuses Conditions of Peace offer'd by the Queen of England ibid. His march to Gemblac His army battel and victory ibid. p. 50. His words to Goigny General of the Prisoners l. 9. p. 52. His commendations of his own men ibid. Other Cities render themselves to him l. 9. p. 53. 54. He commands Alexander Farneze to attacque Dieshem ibid. and Levia l. 9. p. 55. And Charles Mansfeld to besiege Nivell ibid. Nivel is rendred to himself l. 9. p. 56. He quiets the Mutiny in his Camp ibid. Dismisses the Garrison of Nivell without their armes ibid. which arms he bestowes on his French souldiers but the gift was fatal to them ibid. Grants them leave to â—epart l. 9. p. 57. Many Towns yields to him ibid. â—â—e He stormes Cimace ibid. besieges Philsipvill and takes is ibid. 58. Goes to Namure to recover his healâ—h l. 10. p. 1. commits the Expedition of Limburg to Alexander Farnâ—ze ibid. Performs the Rites of â—â—neral to Count Barlamont and his son Megan l. 10. p. 5. Receives money from the King l. 10. p. 7. Calls a Councel of War about invading of the Enemy ibid. Moves to Rimcnant l. 10. p. 9. begins the fight l. 〈◊〉 p. 10. suspects the enemie to fly upon design ibid. â—â—s angry with his men which the enemy had Circumvented Ib. p. 11. Considers how to bring them off ibid. Leaves it to be manag'd by Alexander Fâ—â—nâ—ze ibid. The fight is renew'd with equall losse to the Enemy ibid. p. 12. His care in his etreat ibid. p. 13. He loses the town of Areschâ—t Ibid. Sets a foot a treaty of Peace l. 10. p. 14. Demolishes some Forts and quits certain Towns ibid. Is offended with the Conditions of peace offered ibâ—d writes in fury to the King ibid. Entrenches upon the hill of Buge ibid. The Complaints made against
with prayers and humiliation ibid. informes the King of France of the Hugâ—nots preparations ibiâ— and the Emperour of the Low-countrey-mens Petition that was to be presented at the Diet ibid. she enlargeth the Militia of the Low-Countries ibid. 141. puts rubs in the Way of Lewis of Nossau l. 5. p. 142. writes to his Majesty what the Covenanters had done ibid. admits not the Covenanters with their new Petition ibid. Grants them nothing l. 5. p. 143. sends Commanders to Bolduc or the Bus to settle the Commotion l. 6. p. 2. Commits the Expedition to Count Mâ—gan ibid. prevents the Designes of Thâ—lose ibid. sends Beavor to fight him who defeats Tholose l. 6. p. â— Commands the Valencenians to receive a Garrison l. 6. p. 5. upon their refusal Declares them Rebels l. 6. p. 6. anticipates the plot of those of Torney and Armiater l. 6. p. 7. subdues them both ibid. besiegeth Vâ—lâ—nciens by Norcarmius l. 6. p. 8. takes it l. 6. p. 10. forceth the Governours of Provinces and the Lords to take an Oath of fidelity to the King l. 6. p. 11. punisâ—eth Brederod that refused it ibid. p. 12. and Hoâ—â—strat ibid. sends Bertius to the Prince of Orange ibid. refers the Maestrichters to Norcarnius l. 6. p. 15. why she would not condescend to the Bishop of Liege that interceded for them l. 6. p. 16. the Bus fears her Forces ibid. she denyes pardon to the Antwerpers unlesse they render the Town l. 7. p. 17. enters Antwerpâ— a kind of Tryumph ibid. p. 18. restores things Sacred ibid. orders the Civil State Ibid. is hardly won to adoâ—â— the Embassadours of the Heretical Princes of Germany ibid. what Answer she gave them ibid. p. 19. she Commits to Prison the chief of the Covenanters taken by her Souldiers ibid. puts Garrisons into the Townes rendred l. 6. p. 20. fines them ibid. Designs Forts to be built ibid. re-adotnes the Catholick Churches ibid. destroyes the Heretical Temples ibid. restores all the Low-Countries to their ancient tranquillity ibid. she holds it necessary for the King to come in Person into the Netherlands l. 6. p. 21. endeavours to perswade him from his preparation of Armes against the Low-Countries l. 6. p. 27. takes Begen op Zoom in the Kings name as soon as she hears of the Marquesse of Bergens death l. 6. p. 28. is troubled at the Newes of the Duke of Alva's coming ibid. pleased again with the Kings Letters l. 6. p. 29. makes ready a Fleet to meet the Kings in his Voyage for the Low-Countries ibid. makes publick supplications for his prosperous Expedition ibid. she is offended with the Duke of Alva's too large Commission l. 6. p. 31. humbly intreats the King to discharge her of the Government ibid. what she thought of Egmont and Hornes Captivity l. 6. p. 34. she prayes the King to Licence her Departure from the Low-Countries ibid. â—n the interim she is very vigilant in the Civil administration ibid. by her Edict stayes the Low-Countrey men that were leaving of their Native Soyl Ibid. Conceives another Edict in favour of the French Embassadour ibid. receives power from the King to leave the Low-Countries l. 6. p. 35. rites to the Estates of the Low-Countries ibid. w 36. and to the King concerning herself and the present Condition of the Netherlands and in commendation of the Low-countrey-men ibid. surrenders the Government to the Duke of Alva l. 6. p. 35. the Ceremonies used at her departure by the Neighbour Princes and Cities l. 6. p. 37. and by the Low-countrey men themselves ibid. she leaves the Netherlands ibid. 〈◊〉 Annual Pension given her by the King the great love shewed towards her after she was gone ibid. the Low-countrey-men desire her again ibid. l. 7. p. 69. the King Resolves to send her with her Son Alexander into the Low-countries l. 9. p. 47. Margaret of Austria daughter to the Emperour Maximilian the first and to Mary Dutchesse of Burgundy betrothed to Charles the Dolphin of France l. 1. p. 15 21. And so Charles the fifth mediates and makes a Peace betwixt him and Francis l. 1. p. 12. Governesse of the Low-countries l. 1. p. 21. she breeds up the Governesse Margaret of Parma ibid. Margaret Farneze Princesse of Montua l. 9. p. 44. Margaret Sister to Henry the second of France marryeth Emmanuel Duke of Savoy l. 1. p. 13. goes into Italy l. 1. p. 26. Margaret of Vallois sister to Francis the first of France wiâ—e to Alibret King of Navarre l. 3. p. 55 57. how she came to hate the Pope l. 3. p. 55. the Ostentation of her wit ibid. what she did to advance Heresie in France ibid. p. 63. she undertakes the Patronage of the Hereticks l. 3. p. 55. dyes a Catholick ibid. Margaret of Valois sister to Charles the ninth goes to the Spaw l. 9. p. 34. her marriage with Henry King of Navarre l. 7. p. 76. Margaret Vangest mother to Margaret of Austria l. 1. p. 20. her Birth Education and Beauty ibid. the Emperour falls in love with her ibid. Mary Queen of England marryed to Philip the second Prince of Spain l. 1. p 3. l. 3. p. 71. A five years Truce by her endeavors concluded between Charles the fifth and Henry the French King l. 1. p. 3. she purgeth her Kingdome of Heresie l. 2. p. 36. her Death l. 1. p. 12 13. Mary of Austria sister to Charles the fifth l. 1. p. 3. l. 5. p. 106. wife to Lodwick King of Hungary l. 1. p. 14. l. 1. p. 21. Governesse of the Low-Countries ib. l. 3. p. 52. l. 6 p. 3. for her love to hunting called the Foresttresse l. 1. p. 21. she educates Margaret of Parma ibid. resigns the Government of the Low-countries l. 1. p. 5 11. the Emperour used her to move that his son Philip might be King of the Romans l. 1. p. 5. she goes with her brother to Charles the fifth into Spain ibid. her beloved Villa l. 9. p. 57. her death l. 1. p. 14. Mary of Burgundy wife to the Emperour Maximilian l. 1. p. 16. killed with a fall as she was hunting l. 1. p. 21. Mary Daughter to Charles the fifth Governs Spain l. 7. p. 43. her grief conceived upon the Commitment of Charles Prince of Spain l. 7. p. 46. Mary Cocquamb mother to Margaret Vangest l. 1. p. 20. Mary Princesse of Portugall daughter to Iohn the third of Portugal and wiâ—e to Philip the second of Spain l. 4. p. 92. Mary Princesse of Portugall daughter to Prince Edward Grandchild to King Emmanuâ—l l. 4. p. 91 92. designed for wife to Alexander Farneze Prince of Parma ibid. her Nobility ibid. her Wit and Litterature Ibid. Sanctity of Life ibid. precisenesse of Chastity ibid. she weighes Anchor from Portugal ibid. 93. is persecuted with a tempest Ibid. why she would not send one to salute the Queen of England ibid. she Courts an Heretical Lady Ibid. arrives in the Low-countreys l.
held by the Prince of Orange and they ioyed in his Safety as if thereby the Lowcountreys were not left altogether Destitute Nay Cardinall Granvell at Rome hearing of the doings in Bruxells asked the Messenger whether the Duke had taken Silence so he called the Prince of Orange when he answered no he was not taken Granvell they say replyed If that one fish hath scaped the net the Duke of Alva's Draught is nothing worth But because all this was done without acquainting the Governesse before it could be divulged the Duke sent the Counts Mansfeldt and Barlamont whom he knew she Favoured and were yet in his House to tell her Excellence what was past and to excuse his secresie for he had concealed it by the Kings command to the end that no part of the Odium might reflect upon her who was concerned to preserve the love of the people under her Governement But this gave no satisfaction to the Governesse and though whilst they were present shee smothered her indignation yet deepely resenting it shee began to doubt that many such actions might happen for the future and the power being transferred to Alva she her selfe should only retaine the title and formality of Governesse that the Governement might appeare to be in one of the House of Austria Therefore upon receipt of new Letters signifying the King had put off his voyage for Sixe moneths longer that is till the beginning of the Spring her hope then failing and being daily tormented with sore fits of the Colick she sent her servant Machiavell to the King and disputing the imprisonment of Egmont and Horne briefely without complaint lest she might seeme distasted at it she beseeched his Majesty in regard of her Infirmities which made her unfit for cares of State to license her departure from the Lowcountries rather then stay her there with such limited and almost no Authority Whether it were advantageous to the King or handsome for her whom the King vouchsafed to call Sister to be subordinate to another She humbly submitted to his Majesties Consideration For her part she resolved so long as she lived to be wholy Governed by his Majesties Pleasure as became his most humble Servant This notwithstanding the Governesse omitted nothing which appertained to Civill Affaires For by resolution of Senate which she summoned the Duke of Alva being present she endeavoured to stoppe the Lowcountry-mens Flight which daily and still in greater numbers slipt away and tenne of the richest Merchants of Tournay intending to go into England by her Command weere clapt up prisoners and their Goods in the Port of Vlushing imbargoed and confiscated A while after the French Embassadouâ— as she lay upon her bed coming to kisse her Hands and making a grievous Complaint that Multitudes of Lowcountrymen flocked to the Prince of Conde and others that intended a Warre against the King she published an Edict against all Lowcountrymen that should assist the French Rebells The Embassadour not thus contented by Command from King Charles who was now almost ruined by his rebellious Subiects moved the Governesse for some present Forces out of the Lowcountreys And indeed it was but a reasonable Request for though the Causes of this Warre which the French Historians call the second Civill Warre of France were not all different from those of the first yet the Prince of Conde and Colligny the heads of the Faction grounded their pretence upon the Passage of the Duke of Alva's Army who faining to march another way intended the Invasion of France to destroy those of the reformed Religion For in the Conference at Baion they said it was so articled betweene Charles the French King his Mother Katherine of Medices and his Sister Isabella Queene of Spaine where the Duke of Alva was in person In pursuance of which Agreement the Governesse formerly had persecuted and quelled the Hereticall Party in the Low-countryes and now Alva himselfe was come with a strong Spanish Army that at the same time King Charles might ruine the Hugonots in France and the Spaniard their Brethren in the Low-countreys Wherefore the French Hugonots raising great Forces as if they would revenge wrongs received or at least stand upon their guard for the future first they seized diverse Townes and Cityes then laid a Plot to take the King himselfe lying at Meaux who very hardly escaping in the night and received into Paris there they straitly besieged him and cut off all Supplyes by Armes or Victuall endeavouring to bring their Prince into their Power At last drawing out their Army they gave him battaile at the Towne of Saint Denis and though they left the Field and fled and the Catholiques by consequence had the victory yet it was a bloudy one the King's Generall Annas Momorancy being slaine Notwithstanding they made greater Levyes for Heresie dayly increased and receiving strong Recruits from Germany reviv'd the Warre Which moved the King of France besides the men raised through his whole Kingdome to desire ayde for the defence of Religion out of Italy Germany and as I said out of the Low-countreys But the Governesse not willing to grant Assistance without knowing the King's pleasure gladly referred it to the Duke of Alva who remembring the Agreement for mutuall Succours made at Baion and thinking the French Embassadours ' Motion both honourable to the Spaniard and opportune for kindling Enmity between the Low-countrey-men and the French Hereticks whose minds would be distracted to see an Army come against them from the same place whence formerly they had supplyes he answered the Embassadour that the Senate had decreed Auxiliaryes as he requested which should forthwith march away and acquainting the Governesse with it he gave the charge of 2000. Spanish Foot and 1200. Horse most of them Gentlemen of Haynolt and Artoys to Iohn Lignius Count of Aremberg Some write that the Duke offered himselfe to be their Generall but such Assistance as it was likely to do would have begot a jealousie in the French that he came not as a Friend but as a Spy therefore as not expedient for either Kingdome that he should be absent from the Low-countreys it was by the Embassadour modestly refused and then Alva substituted another in his place Howsoever it were about the end of November Aremberg departing from Cambray three dayes supplications being made before he went for his happy Expedition joyned his Forces with the Marquesse Villeirs at Amiens from thence marching up to the King's Army he did his Majesty great Service in many Battailes till the French Differences partly settled by a Treaty he was commanded back to the Low-countreys by the Duke of Alva who then especially needed such a Generall and such an Army About that time Machiavell returning from Spaine brought her Excellence the King's Letters wherein after he had signified that three dayes before his Queen was brought a bed of a
suspected the Low-countrey men unanimously petitioning for the removall of the Spaniards For the Prince of Orange who had assured himself Don Iohn would never send away the Spanish and consequently never be admitted Governour over the Low-countreys when he heard the Spaniards were departed Don Iohn with a great and generall joy inaugurated at Bruxels whither Embassadours daily came to him from neighbour-Princes the Queen of England her self sending Edward Horsey Governour of the Isle of Wight and that he likewise saw the Prince and Senate by their Commissioners required him with the Provinces Holland Zeland which onely were not included in the League to subscribe the perpetual Edict the man that would upon no conditions part with the Dominion he had now got into his hands answered That the Provinces with him confederated were in conscience barred froÌ„ consenting with the rest to the maintenance of the Romish faith and being pressed by Duke Areschot for he was sent to the Prince of Orange to ratifie the common League he said he could not do it for which his reason was the Faith of Calvine presently putting off his hat and laughing he said to the Duke Do you see this bald crown let me tell you there is not more Calvisme on my head then there is Calvinism in my heart Then applying himself wholly to his business he sent Letters Messengers to the Senators the Delegates of the Estates and all his friends pitying withall reviling them What did they intend whither were their courages judgements fled that they had admitted Don John not onely not inlarging but not so much as swearing to preserve their priviledge Were they so much taken with empty forms of Courtship as not to observe the Bird-call that by sweetnesse of sound brings the free creatures of the air into the net They had now sufficient experience that new Men came out of Spain not new Manners for in that Shop they were all cast in the same would But above all the rest they should beware of this Gentleman puft up with his Imperiall bloud fortune in the wars which if he now dissembled stooping to the civility of a private person the more it goes against the hair with a haughty and tyrannicall nature the sooner would his hypocrisie be laid by and their slavery inhaunsed No proud man carried ever himself like a servant to any over whom he did not hope to be a master Why hath he got a Guard if he be so popular as wholly to confide in the affection of the Subject Can any one doubt whither all these excessive bounties and promises tend wherewith that princely Merchant loads men of merit and no merit Yet some there are who notwithstanding they see this general Munificence traffick for the liberty of the Low-countreys think that fre-men sell themselves into bondage at a considerable rate Wherefore let them look into the man they will find it impossible that he should love the Low-countreys who betrayed to King Philip the Patron of the Low-countrey Lords Charles Prince of Spain The Prince of Orange not thus contented by those he imployed abroad particularly by Teronius Vascho lately come over to his party made it be privately rumoured That the Spaniards and forrein soldiers whose departure had been so longed for by the Low-countreymen let them not deceive themselves lay part concealed in the Province of Luxemburg part stayed in Burgundie part fought against the Hugonots in France and from these places exspected Don Iohns Orders for their immediate return And it was held more credible because of Don Iohn's Escovedo's Letters intercepted in France and about that time published at Bruxels which they said contained complaints to the King against the Estates Reasons for the necessity of a war an humble suit for money to that end All which aggravated by a large printed Comment of the Prince of Orange took away of much of Don Iohns Authority and estimation that whether his Bountie ebbed or flowed when their minds were once possessed with jealousie they interpreted all in the worst sense Those very men to whom he had shewn extraordinary favour advancing them to honours and great pensions on a sudden alienated from him not only shunned his sight as if all his graces had been poured into colanders hearts with holes in them but openly railed at aspersed and now endeavoured to prove themselves disobliged to him by their hatred of him Thus are unsound mind like unsound bodies the more you feed the more you poyson them Nor did the Hereticks leave their knavery thus but represented his words and actions as things of meer design Nay to some that wondered at his unexampled condescentions they told it as a secret That the Low-countrey-men had no great reason to trust the Oath so willingly taken by his Highness for confirmation of the perpetuall Edict Because he had sworn before he came out of Spain not to consent unto any thing in the Low-countreys prejudicial to the King By which Oath he had preing aged himself and as his Religion taught him the later being contrary to the former would not oblige him as being of no validitie A Doctrine long since preached in many Courts and now practised by Princes So the Florentines were deceived by Charles the viii of France who having sworn to deliver Pisa to them when they claimed his promise answered that he had first sworn the contrary to the Pisons When the Prince of Orange found this to work according to his wishes thinking Don Iohn that had parted with his Spaniards and lost the hearts of the Low-countreymen might easily be oppressed he left it to be acted by Philip Mornixius de Saint Aldegund whom he sent to Bruxels for that purpose and by William Horn Lord of Hese both undertaking either by force or stratagem to seiz upon his Highnesse and carry him into Zâ—land Which attempt though it was consonant to the rest of Aldegunds life a man ignominiously wicked who when he was a boy was Calvins auditour and now he himself being an old man preached to others nor less agreeable to the manners of the Lord of Hese especially since the removall of Don Iohn from Bruxels would be much to his advantage that was for be Governour of the Town who being afterwards condemned to lose his head it was thought practised the like against Alexander Farneze Duke of Parma Yet whether they really plotted it as Don Iohn understood from many credible authours or rather by the Prince of Oranges direction were contented with the fear resulting from the report of such a plot I dare not positively affirm For to breed enmity between Don Iohn and the Low-countrey Lords which was the Prince of Oranges end the means would be all one whether they intended or onely gave out that he should be taken prisoner the former being an odious thing
of terrour and therefore sufficiently formidable to that very day were now turned into these great Gunns that he might though absent for ever terrifie the Low-countreys The City of Gant with no lesse alacrity forthwith followed the example of Antwerp so did Utrecht Lisle Valenciens and other Towns which slighting their Forts as if they had shaken off the yoke of servitude kept the Festivall of their new recovered Libertie These actions because they tended to a Rebellion of the People and which more troubled some to the too high advancement of the Prince of Orange his power divers of the Lords yet loyall to the King especially Duke Areschott by reason of the old differences between him and the Prince of Orange spake of choosing a new Governour of the Low-countreys pretending it would strengthen the Estates by accession of greater forces but meaning when the Ruart was out of Commission whom the Nobility with much unwillingness obeyed to balance the Authority of their new Prince And when some named the Queen of England some Francis Hercules Duke of Alenâ—on Brother to the King of France others Matthias Arch-duke of Austria the Emperour Rodolph's brother the Catholicks excepted against Her as an heretick and one that would govern them by a Lieutenant The Duke of Alenâ—on â—on by reason of the constant enmity between the Low-countrey men and the French was not by many so much desired as the Archduke who being of the House of Austria would not so much offend King Philip unlesse some pitched upon the Archduke onely to engage the House of Austria in a Warr among themselves Embassadours to this purpose being sent to Vienna easily perswaded the young Archduke to what he longed for and stealing him away by night with a few in his train brought him sooner then could be imagined into Brabant without the privity of the Emperour Rodolph who as soon as he knew it sent post after him to stop his flight and afterwards wrote Letters to disswade him but in vain from his designe I have likewise heard from good hands that the Emperour was very angry with his brother Maximilian because he had not in time acquainted him of this Plot imparted unto him by the Archduke though Maximilian excused himself because his Brother made him take an Oath that he should not reveal the Secret that night discovered to him unto any man living till the next day at evening But for all this the Emperour escaped not the censure of some that made a farre other construction of the Arch-duke's flight Truly at that very time many men suspected the sending of this youth to govern the Netherlands to be designed that by occasion of this patronage the Low-countreys might come at last to be the Patrimony of the Germane House of Austria a point which Bartholameo Comes Portia the Popes Legate to the Emperour grounding his discourse upon this suspicion argued with some Germane Lords And Don Iohn himself seemed to doubt the Emperours intention For writing to Alexander Farneze Prince of Parma among other passages he sayes Yesterday one brought me Letters from the Emperour wherein he tells me of his brothers departure as he suspects for the Low-countreys without either his Privitie or Allowance Indeed it is a thing that troubles me not a little For though I am not ignorant that it was last year attempted by the Estates yet I could never perswade my self that either the Arch-duke would undertake it or that his Mother the Empresse and the Emperour his Brother would give their assents Howbeit I wonder not so much at the Empresse-Dowager who I believe knew nothing at all of the Designe but am rather grieved on her behalf and fear that her sonne 's levity will much afflict her What I should think of the Emperour I cannot yet resolve because when he knew there was such a businesse in agitation He was so far from preventing it that he never so mâ—ch as like a kinsman sent word of it to the King For mine own part as soon as ever I hear the Arch-duke sets his foot in the Low-countreys I will seriously desire him as I think it concerus both our interests not to joyn nor engage with the Estates If he refuse I shall justly repute him for an Enemie But the Arch-duke was now come into the Netherlands though not yet declared their Governour For the Estates and the Prince of Orange being not sufficiently consulted in the businesse purposely delayed it very busie about preparing conditions to be offered unto the Arch-duke and finally proposing no fewer then thirty one whereby they tied his hands and onely allowing him the honour of precedencie laid the foundation of such a popular Goverment as the Low-countrey men had of old when dividing the administration with their King they did govern and were governed To these conditions when both Catholicks and Hereticks being joyned in a new League had bound themselves by Oath the Arch-duke Matthias first at Antwerp afterwards at Bruxels with great publick joy Shows and Revels was saluted Governour of the Low-countreys And the Prince of Orange his party prevailed so farre that he was added to the Arch-duke not yet one and twenty years of age and a stranger to the Low-countrey affairs that under the name of his Lieutenant he might be indeed his Governour The first Act of the new Government was to purge the House of Lords and discharge all those Senatours that were held ill affected to the Estates choosing new ones in their places which immediately pronounced all Don Iohn of Austra's adherents enemies to their Countrey Soon after the same sentence passed against Don Iohn himself unlesse he departed the Low-countrâ—ys Lastly by the same Senate and the Deputies of the Estates an Oath was framed wherein both the Clergie and Laity should swear to obey the Arch-duke Matthias supream Governour of the Low-countreys and 〈◊〉 defend 〈◊〉 with their Lives and 〈◊〉 till another were created by the King and the Estates but to oppose Don John of Austria as an enemie This Law being passed and in some places in a manner forced entrapped many of the Nobilitie and ruin'd some At Antwerp they began with the Fathers of the Societie because their authoritie being great in the citie it was thought if they acknowledged the Arch duke others might be invited by their example or if they did not frighted by their punishment The Hereticks exceedingly pressed it not doubting but the Fathers whose constancie they had alwayes hated but now wished upon such an occasion which they commonly turned to their honour would in the mean time be banished the Low-countreys William Hese undertook it and meeting Father Baldwin ab Angelo Provinciall of the Iesuites in the Low-countreys advised him to take the Oath in the name of the Societie He who knew that Oath was formed by Hereticks against the
l. 10. p. 9. Challenged to a battel by Don Iohn he keeps his Trenches Ibid. Counterfeits to flye l. 10. p. 10. the Site of his Camp and number of his Forces ibid. he renewes the fight ibid. sounds a retreat l. 10. p. 12. a Note upon his Management of that daies Battel ibid. he retreats to Tillemâ—nt l. 10. p. 13. Prince Casimir refuseth to obey him l. 10. p. 14. vide Iohn Hennin Maximilian Rassinghem Governour of French Flanders l. 5. p. 123. the Armeterians conspire against him l. 6. p. 6 7. he encounters and destroyes them ibid. enters Lisle victorious ibid. pursues the Tornois ibid. is sent into Spain by the Royal Senate l. 8. p. 19. imployed to the King by the Deputies of the Estates and by the Senators l. 8. p. 23. and by Don Iohn to the Deputies of the Estates l. 9. p. 35. a Maid Sacrilegiously slain in the Church l. 10. p. 3. of 3. years old buried digged up again and eaten l. 7. p. 80. Mâ—â—hlin a fair and rich City l. 7. p. 77. its Governour l. 5. p. 131. l. 6. p. 12. Churches in the Town assigned to Hereticks l. 5. p. 131. a fire there l. 7. p. 40. the King's Garrison refused l. 7. p. 75 77. 't is rendred to the Prince of Orange l. 7. p. 75. recovered by the Duke of Alva l. 7. p. 77. when it was plundred how pious the Merchants and Souldiers were ibid. how much the Duke of Alva was hated for suffering of the spoil Ibid. 't is Garrisoned by the States l. 9. p. 53. attempted by Gonzaga when it was too late ibid. made an Arch-bishoprick l. 1. p. 18. its first Archbishop ibid. the Archbishop of Mâ—â—hlin delivers the Popes Present to the Duke of Alva l. 7. p. 64. Medalls how they came in use and accounted sacred l. 5. p. 111. Medalls of the Gheuses with the Picture and inscription of the King of Spain l. 5. p. 110. Medalls hallowed at Hall l. 5. p. 111. Megan vide Charles Brimè Lancâ—llot Barlamout Mehemet son in law to the Turkish Emperour Sclimus l. 5. p. 139. King of Tunis l. 10. p. 21. Meinser one of the first Covenanters l. 5. p. 101. Melancthon vide Philip. Mendoza vide Antonio Bernardino Didaco Maria. Menin a Town l. 5. p. 1â— 2. Mentz the Bishop and Elector l. 2. p. 30. l. 5. p. 134. Merchants bring in Heresie to the Low-countries l. 2. p. 36. one of them procures 3000 of Calvins volumes l. 5. p. 137. and payes the Prince of Orange's Army they fortifie themselves at Antwerp l. 7. p. 58. they conspire with the Gentlemen Covenanters l. 5. p. 137 raise money l. 5. p. 139. joyn with the Tornay Gheuses l. 6. p. 6. the great mens differences put them out of heart l. 6. p. 15. they transfer their Manifactures to Neighbour nations l. 6. p. 21. l. 7. p. 65. they steal out of the Low-countries into England l. 6. p. 34. â—ribute imposed upon them by the Duke of Alva l 7. p. 65 69. the piety of the Antwerp Merchants l. 7. p. 77. their losse when the Town was plundered l. 8. p. 24. Merchandise of the Low-Countries l. 1. p. 14. l. 7. p. 66. of the Indies ibid. Mercurius Arboreus Cardinal Gatinar the Emperours Chancellor l. 2. p. 39. Merodius Lord of Petersemi sent by the Governesse to the Bus l. 6. p. 2. Contumeliously used by the People ibid. l. 6. p. 16. released and returned to the Governesse ibid. vide Bernard Messenger of Victory l. 7. p. 56 75. l. 9. p. 53. Of the last necessity l. 7. p. 52. Mettle Sacred vide Medalls Metz taken by the French attempted in vain by the Emperour l. 1. p. 8. Michael Hernandes a Jesuite upon the shore with Requesenes prayes for the men that are to wade the â—ea l. 8. p. 11. Michael Hovey 3. p. 64. Michese vide Iohn Michese Midelburg receives a Garrison from the Governesse l. 6. p. 20. is besieged by the Zelanders l. 8. p. 1. a Fâ—eet sent to relieve it by Requesenes Ibid. p. 2. rendered to the Hereticks ibid. the Townsemen redeem the plunder with a sum of money ibid. Milain l. 6. p. 30. the Milian-Regiment ibid. the Government of Milain l. 7. p 65. Military Discipline observed l. 6. p. 31. funeral poâ—p l. 1. p. 22. Stratagem l. 8. p. 21. Piety l. 7. p. 57 77. Military Proverb vide Proverb Militia of the Foot strengthened with a new invention l. 6. p. 30 31. Militia of the Knights of the Golden Fleece and St Iohns of Hierusalem vide Knights Militiâ— of Horse disposed l. 1. p. 17. and of the Foot l. 3. p. 52. Militia of the Low-Countries new-modelled l. 6. p. 30. Miracles l. 5. p. â— 31. l. 9. p. 40. l. 10. p. 5. Mode of Combing up the hair before l. 10. p. 21. of the Ammonites and Spaniards in punishing Women â— 7. p. 74. Mooch a Village l. 8. p. 3. the battel ibid. the description of the fight ibid. Moulin a Lawyer l. 3. p. 66. Mombrune a French Colonel l. 6. p. 26. Momorancy vide Anne Florence Lord of Montiny Heleonor Iohn Mary Philip. Mompencier the Duke l. 3. p. 54. Monastery of St. Michael l. 8. p. 22. of Greenvale l. 7. p. 46. Mondragonio vide Christopher Monfort a Town l. 8. p. 8. Money the best Spy to discover Princes Councels l. 5. p. 137. it Buyes out Hostile Injury l. 7. p. 75. sent by Gregory the 13. to Don Iohn l. 9. p. 36. lent him by Alexander Farneze l. 10. p. 16. sent to Alexander Farneze by the King l. 9. p. 48. and to the Governesse l. 1. p. 25. l. 4. p. 90. l. 5. p. 132. to the Queen of Scots l. 5. p. 104. and to his Great Commanders in the Low-countreys l. 10. p. 7. and to the Bishops l. 2. p. 32. to the Duke of Alva by Pius the fifth l. 7. p. 57. offered by his Holinesse to Margaret of Austria but refused l. 5. p. 115. lent by Don Iohn to the Deputies of the Estates l. 9. p. 32. by the Governesse sent into France l. 3. p. 60. Collected by the Covenanters l. 5. p. 139 141. taken by the Conquerors in the sack of Antwerp l. 8. p. 5 24. got by the Prince of Orange and how l. 7. p. 58. vide Plunder Stipend Tribute Monster at Liege l. 7. p. 40. Montesdocha vide Francisc. Mons a Town of Haynolt l. 7. p. 73. taken by Lewis of Nassau ibid. besieged by the Duke of Alva l. 7. p. 47. the fight before they suffered him to Encamp ibid. the Fortifications of the Besiegers ibid. a Monastery neer the Town taken ibid. Auxiliaries sent to the Town by Coligny Ibid. the Prince of Orange comes to relieve it l. 7. p. 75. it is rendred to the Duke of Alva l. 7. p. 77. a discription of the recovery of Mons ibid. Montiny vide Emmanuel Florence Montio vide Camillo Giovanni Baptista Monumental pillar erected