Rivulets 14. At Glassenbury in Somersetshire are several ancient Pyramids mention'd by William of Malmsbury with imperfect Inscriptions but why when and by whom erected is meerly conjectural 15. In the Cathedral of Exeter is an Organ which is reckon'd the largest of any in England the greatest Pipe belonging to it being fifteen Inches Diameter which is more by two than the celebrated Organ of Ulm. 16. In Dover-Castle is an old Table hung up which imports that Julius Caesar landed upon that Part of the English Coast Lastly In the County of Surry is the English Anas or the River Mole which loseth it self under Ground and ariseth again at some considerable distance as doth also Recall in the North-Riding of Yorkshire Cambden page 155 and 754. To these Rarities abovemention'd I might here add some Stupendious Fabricks in this Kingdom which may be fitly term'd Art's Master-Pieces But to descend to particulars would swell this Paragraph to a disproportionable bigness Archbishopricks in this Kingdom are Two viz. those of Canterbury and York The Archbishop of Canterbury hath the Precedency of York and is stil'd Primate of all England the other being also Primate of England but not of all England A Controversy hotly debated between these two Archiepiscopal Sees but at last determin'd in favour of the former Bishopricks in this Kingdom including Wales are those of London Chichester Carlisle Durham Salisbury Exeter Winchester Worcester Chester Bath and Wells Lincoln Bristol Oxford St. Asaph Norwich Bangor St. Davids Glocester Rochester Peterborough Hereford Eli Landaff Litchfield and Coventry In point of Place after the two Archbishops followeth the Bishop of London next to him the Bishop of Durham 3dly the Bishop of Winchester and then all the rest according to the Seniority of their Consecration Universities of this Kingdom are those famous Seats of the Muses or two Eyes of England term'd Oxford and Cambridge which for magnificent Buildings rich Endowments ample Priviledges as also number of Students Libraries and learned Men are inferior to none or rather not to be parallel'd by any in the World The Names of the respective Colleges and Halls in each of these Universities the most of which do surpass many of our Foreign Universities are as followeth In Oxford are In Cambridge are University Magdalen Peterhouse Baliol Brazen-Nose Clare-Hall Merton Corpus Christi Bennet or Corpus Christi Oriel Christ-Church Pembroke-Hall Exeter Trinity Trinity-Hall Queen's St. John's Gonvil and Caius New-College Jesus King's College Lincoln Wadham Queen's College All-Souls Pembroke Catherine-Hall Jesus-College Halls are Seven viz. Christ-College St. John's College Glocester Alban Magdalen-College St. Edmund St. Mary Trinity-College Magdalen New-Inn Emanuel-College Hart Sidney-Sussex The English being originally a mixture of divers Northern and Southern Nations do still retain in their Humour a just Mean betwixt those two Extreams for the dull Saturnine Genius of the one and the hot Mercurial Temper of the other meeting in their Constitutions render them Ingenious and Active yet Solid and Persovering which nourisht under a sutable Liberty inspires a Courage both generous and lasting This happy temperament of Spirit wherewith this People is endu'd doth eminently appear to the World by that mighty Inclination they always had and still have both to Arms and Arts and that wonderful Progress they have hitherto made in each of them For the matchless Valour and Bravery the singular Prudence and Conduct of the English Nation both by Sea and Land is so universally known and hath been so frequently manifested in most Parts of the World that many Potent States and Kingdoms have felt the Dint of their Sword and been constrain'd to yield to the Force of their Arms. They have also so effectually appli'd themselves to all sorts of Ingenious Literature since the happy Days of our Reformation and are advanc'd to such a Pitch of True and Solid Learning that they may justly claim a true Title to the Empire of Human Knowledge Finally their manner of Writing whether for Solidity of Matter Force of Argument or Elegancy of Stile is indeed so transcendently Excellent that no Nation hath yet surpass'd the English and none can justly pretend to equal them The English Language being a mixture of the old Saxon and Norman one a Dialect of the Teutonic and the other of the French having also some Tincture of the Ancient British Roman and Danish Tongues is much refin'd of late and now deservedly reckon'd as Copious Expressive and Manly a Tongue as any in Europe Harangues in this Language are capable of all the delightful Flowers of Rhetorick and lively Strains of the truest Eloquence nothing inferior to the most fluent Orations pronounc'd of old by the best of the Roman Orators In a word 't is a Language that 's rightly calculated for the Masculine Genius of those who own it Pater-Noster in the English Tongue runs thus Our Father which art in Heaven c. The Kingdom of England is a famous Ancient and Hereditary Monarchy a Monarchy which can seldom admit of any Inter-regnum and therefore is free from many Misfortunes to which Elective Kingdoms are subject yea such a Monarchy in the Words of that Worthy Gentlemen Dr. Chamberlain Author of the Present State of England as that by the necessary subordinate Concurrence of the Lords and Commons in making and repealing of Statutes or Acts of Parliament it hath the main Advantages of an Aristocracy and Democracy and yet free from the Disadvantages and Evils of either In short 't is a Monarchy continues the aforesaid Author as by most admirable Temperament affords very much to the Industry Liberty and Happiness of the Subject and reserves enough for the Majesty and Prerogative of any King who will own his People as Subjects not as Slaves Chief Persons of this Realm after the King and Princes of the Blood are the Great Officers of the Crown who are commonly reckon'd Nine in number viz. 1. Lord High-Steward of England an Officer indeed so great or whose Power was esteem'd so exorbitant that it hath been discontinued ever since the Days of John of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster his Son Henry of Bullingbrook being the last who had a State of Inheritance in that High Office and is now confert'd by the King upon some of the Chief Peers only pro illa vice as upon occasion of the Crowning of a New King or the Arraignment of a Peer of the Realm for Treason Felony or such like 2 The Lord High-Chancellor whose Office is to keep the King 's Great Seal to moderate the Rigor of the Law in judging according to Equity and not according to the Common Law He also disposeth of all Ecclesiastical Benesices in the King's Gift if valued under 20 l. a Year in the King's Book In case there be no Chancellor then the Lord Keeper is the same in Authority Power Precedence only different in Patent 3 The Lord High Treasurer whose Office as being Praefectus Aerarii
is to take charge of all the King's Revenue kept in the Exchequer as also to check all Officers imploi'd in collecting the same and such like This Office is frequently executed by several Persons conjunctly in Commission term'd Lords of the Treasury as at present 4. The Lord President of the Council whose Office is to attend upon the King and Summons the Council to propose business at Council-Table and Report the several Transactions of the Board 5. The Lord Privy-Seal whose Office is to pass all Charters and Grants of the King and Pardons sign'd by the King before they come to the Great Seal of England as also divers other Matters of smaller moment which do not pass the Great Seal But this Seal is never to be affixt to any Grant without good warrant under the King's Privy-Signet nor even with such Warrant if the thing granted be against Law or Custom until the King be first acquinted therewith 6. The Lord Great Chamberlain of England whose Office is to bring the King's Shirt Coif and Wearing Cloaths on the Coronation-day to put on the King's Apparel that Morning to carry at the Coronation the Coif Gloves and Linnen which are to be us'd by the King on that Occasion likeways the Sword and Scabard as also the Gold to be offer'd by the King together with the Robe Royal and Crown to Undress and Attire the King with his Royal Robes to serve the King that Day with Water for to wash his Hands before and after Dinner 7. The Lord High Constable of England an Officer whose Power is so great that 't was thought inconvenient to lodge the same in any Subject since the Year 1521. and is now conferr'd on some of the chiefest Peers pro re nata as upon occasion of Coronations or Solemn Tryals by Combat 8. The Earl Marshal of England whose Office is to take cognizance of all Matters of War and Arms to determine Contracts concerning Deeds of Arms out of the Realm upon Land and Matters touching Wars within the Realm which the Common Law cannot determine 9. The Lord High admiral of England whose Trust and Honour is so great that this Office hath been usually given either to some of the King 's younger Sons near Kinsmen or one of the chiefest Peers of the Realm To him is committed the Management of all Maritime Affairs the Government of the King's Navy a decisive Power in all Causes Maritime as well Civil as Criminal He also Commissionates Vice-Admirals Reer-Admirals Sea-Captains c. and enjoys a number of Priviledges too many here to be mention'd This Office is commonly executed by several Persons conjunctly in Commission term'd Lords of the Admiralty as at present After the Officers of the Crown we might here subjoin the various Courts of Judicatory establisht in this Kingdom especially the High Court of Parliament which is Supreme to all others and to whom all last Appeals are made I might here likeways mention all the Subordinate Courts of this Realm particularly that of the King's-Bâ—nch the Court of Common Pleas the High Court of Chancery the Exchequer and the Court of the Dutchy of Lancaster c. as also the Ecclesiastical Courts in Subordination to the Archbishop of Canterbury as the Court of Arches the Court of Audience the Prerogative Court the Court of Faculties and that of Peculiars But to declare the Nature and Constitution the ample Privileges and manner of Procedure in each of them would far exceed the narrow Bounds of an Abstract I shall not therefore descend to particulars only adding to this Paragraph that besides these various Courts above-mention'd the King consulting the ease and welfare of the Subject Administers Justice by his Itinerate Judges and that in their yearly Circuits through the Kingdom and for the better governing of and keeping the King's Peace in particular Counties Hundreds Cities Burroughs and Villiages of this Realm Counties have their respective Lord Lieutenants Sheriffs and Justices of the Peace Hundreds their Bailiffs High-Constables and Petty-Constables Cities their Mayor Aldermen Sheriffs c. Burroughs and Towns incorporate have either a Mayor or two Bailiffs or a Portrive who in Power are the same with Mayor and Sheriffs and during their Offices are Justices of the Peace within their own Liberties And lastly Villiages are in Subjection to the Lord of the Mannor under whom is the Constable or Headborough to keep the Peace apprehend Offenders and bring them before the Justice Of such an admirable Constitution is the English Government that no Nation whatsoever can justly pretend to such a Model and no People in the World may live more happy if they please so that it may be justly affirm'd of them what the Poet saith in another Case only with change of Persons O fortunatos nimium sua si bona norint Anglicanos The Ensigns Imperial of the Monarch of Great Britain are in the first place Azure Three Flower-de-Luces Or the Royal Arms of France quartered with the Imperial Ensings of England which are Gules Three Lyons passant Gardant in Pale Or. In the second place within a double tressure Counter flowr'd de lys Or a Lyon Rampant Gules for the Royal Arms of Scotland In the third place Azure and Irish Harp Or string'd Argent for the Royal Ensigns of Ireland In the fourth place as in the first These Ensigns Armoral are quartered after a new manner since the late Revolution the English Arms being put before the French and the whole charg'd with an Escutcheon of the House of Nassau which is Azure Semi-billets a Lyon Rampant Or Languid and Armed Gules all within the Garter the chief Ensign of that most Noble Order above the same an Helmet answerable to King William's Sovereign Jurisdiction upon the same a rich Mantle of Cloath of Gold doubled Ermin adorn'd with an Imperial Crown and surmounted for a Crest by a Lyon passant Gardent Or Crowned as the former and an Unicorn Argent Gorged with a Crown thereto a Chain affixt passing between his Forelegs and reflex'd over his Back Or both standing upon a Compartment plac'd underneath and in the Table of that Compartment is express'd the King of England's Motto which is Dieu mon Droit but of late Jâ— Maintiendray The Inhabitants of this Country are for the most part of the true Reform'd Religion publickly profess'd and carefully taught in its choicest Purity In Reforming of which they were not so hurri'd by popular Fury and Faction as in other Nations but proceeded in a more Prudent Regular and Christian Method resolving to separate no farther from the Church of Rome than she had separated from the Truth embracing that excellent Advice of the Prophet Jer. 6. 16. Stand ye in the ways and see and ask for the old paths where is the good way and walk therein So that the Reform'd Church of England is a true Mean or middle Way betwixt those two Extreams of Supperstition and Phanaticism both equally to be avoided The Doctrine of
their worldly Estate for that noble Undertaking which might probably be less subject to Abuses than erecting and endowing of Hospitals Alms-houses and such like that in process of time such a stock of Money might be settl'd in a sure Fund as yearly to afford a desirable Competency to a continued Set of Men who should be found sussiciently able and willing to labour in that most Christian Design §. 6. New York THIS Country discover'd Anno 1608. by Mr. Hudson is term'd by the Italians Yorke Nouella by the Spaniards Nuevo York by the French Nouvelle Yorke by the Germans New Yorke and by the English New York so call'd from the then Duke of York for it being sold by Mr. Hudson to the Dutch without leave from his Master the King of England and they keeping Possession thereof under the Name of New Netherland till the Year 1664. 't was then reduc'd to the English Crown whereupon King Charles the II. by special Writ made his Royal Brother the Duke of York Proprietor of it from whom as aforesaid it derives its Name The Air of this Country is commonly reputed to be much the same with that of New England The opposite Place of the Globe to New York is that part of the East-Indian Ocean lying between 120 and 130 Degrees of Longitude with 40 and 42 Degrees of South Latitude The Soil of this Country as also Long Island is by general Relation so rich that one Bushel of European Wheat doth ordinarily produce an hundred in many places It aboundeth likeways with most sorts of English Grain Herbs and Fruits and produceth excellent Tobacco as also Melons Pumpkins c. The length of the Days and Nights in this Country is the same as in the Kingdom of Naples they both lying under the same Parallels of Latitude The chief Commodities of this Country are Tobacco Bever Otter Ratoon Deer and Elk-Skins and other costly Furs for which the English and Dutch trade with the Natives In divers Parts of New York especially those nigh unto and upon the Banks of the River Connecticut grows a sort of Snake-Weed whose Root is much esteem'd off for the Biting of the Rattle-Snake Being pulveriz'd it hath an excellent Fragrant Smell and a good Aromatick Taste but seems different from the Serpentaria of the Shops Archbishopricks Bishopricks Universities None The Natives of this Country especially those of Long Island are by mortal Diseases and frequent Wars among themselves reduc'd to a small number Some of 'em are now serviceable to the English and the rest spend their time commonly in Hunting Fowling and Fishing especially the Men who remove from place to place and leave their Wives for Tilling the Ground and Planting the Corn. They 're much given of late to Drinking and frequently intoxicate themselves with strong European Liquors The Inhabitants of this Country being English and a few Dutch do use the Languages peculiar to their respective Countries The Natives speak a very unpleasant Dialect of the Indian Tongue The Natives of this Country are govern'd by their peculiar Sachems who are said to advise with their chief Councellors in Matters of Importance but still to pronounce the definitive Sentence themselves which their People commonly receive with great Applause The English here residing are subject unto and rul'd by their own Governor authorized and sent over by His Majesty the King of Great Britain The English here residing are much the same in Point of Religion with those here in England But the Natives are still in the dark and addicted to the blackest Idolative the generality of 'em being said to Worship the Devil under the Name of Monetto to whom they frequently address themselves with a kind of Magical Rites and their Priests call'd Pawaws do act as so many Conjurers §. 7. New Jersey THIS Country discover'd by the English under the Conduct of the two Cabots Anno 1497. and lately divided into East and West Jersey is term'd by the Italians Jerscia Nouella by the Spaniards Nuevo Jersey by the French Nouvelle Jersey by the Germans Neu Jerseii and by the English New Jersey so call'd from the Island Jersey in the British Channel but why so term'd is somewhat dubious The Air of this Country is esteem'd abundantly healthful to breath in and agreeable enough to English Constitutions as sufficiently appears from the long Experience of many Planters The opposite Place of the Globe to New Jersey is that part of the vast Indian Ocean lying between 120 and 130 Degrees of Longitude with 39 and 41 Degrees of Southern Latitude The Soil is not every where the same being in some Parts extraordinary good and in others very indifferent But 't is generally believ'd to prove much better after the felling of the Timber and clearing the Ground in which the Colony begins now to make a good Progress The length of the Days and Nights in this Country is the same as in the South of Italy they both lying under the same Parallels of Latitude The chief Commodities exported hence for England are Whale-Oyl Whale-Fins Bever Monkey Ratoon and Martin-Skins As also Beef Pork Corn Butter and Cheese to the adjacent Islands As the principal Observables of New Jersey we may reckon some rare Plants growing in divers Parts of that Country and easily found by the curious Botanist if only at the pains to make a search proportionable to his Curiosity Here also is that huge Creature call'd the Moose of whose Skin they make excellent Buff. Archbishopricks Bishopricks Universities None The Natives of this Country fewer in number than in most of the adjacent Colonies are generally reckon'd a very simple and innocent sort of People and many of 'em are now become very serviceable to the Planters The English here residing are much the same in Manners with those in England All that can be said of the Language of the Natives of this Country is in general that 't is one of the many different Dialects of the Indian Tongue Those of the Plantation retain and use their own Language This Country being divided into a certain number of Shares or Proprieties out of each Propriety is Annually chosen a Freeholder by the Inhabitants thereof These Freeholders meet at a certain time of the Year as a General Assembly or compleat Representative Body of the whole Colony In that Assembly together with the Governor or his Deputy is lodg'd the Legislative Power in making or repealing of Laws relating to the whole Province but still with this Restriction that they no ways infringe that Liberty of Conscience at first establisht and that by an irrevocable Fundamental Constitution never to be alter'd by any subsequent Law whatsoever No Tax or Subsidy Rates or Services are to be impos'd upon the People but by and with the Consent of their Representatives in that Assembly The English here residing are of different
several Rivulets and those affording many excellent Fish especially Tortoise The length of the Days and Nights in Jamaica is the same as in the middle Provinces of New Spain they both lying under the same Parallels of Latitude The chief Commodities of this Island are Cocao Sugar Indico Cotton Tobacco Hides Copper Piemento or Jamaica-Pepper Tortoise-Shells Wood for Dyers and several sorts of Drugs c. This Island is furnish'd with some Springs of Mineral-Waters particularly two whereof one is Sulphurous and the other Salt but both approved of for the common Distempers of the place 2 In divers Parts of Jamaica grows that Fruit call'd the Machinel Apple which is very beautiful to the Eye of a pleasant Smell and Taste yet Mortal if eaten whence some term it the Eve-Apple 3 Here are many Shiningflies a king of Cantharides appearing of a green Colour in the Day-time but shining in the Night with such a Lustre that one may see to Read by their light 4. Of all Creatures belonging to this Island the most remarkable is the Allegator that destructive Animal commonly harbouring in or near to Rivers and large Land-Ponds Although he be a very big Creature and about ten fifteen or twenty Foot in length yet he 's hatcht of an Egg not larger than that of a Turkey His Back being full of hard Scales is impenetrable whereupon 't is a difficult matter to kill him unless he receive a Wound in the Eye or Belly He is an Amphibious Animal and to enable him either to Walk upon dry Ground or Swim in the Water Nature hath furnisht him both with Feet and Fins In moving on the Land he 's very swift providing his Course be streight forward but extremely slow in turning and therefore easily avoided Lastly In Jamaica are produc'd some rare Plants much regarded by the Inquisitive Botanist But for a particular Account of them and all others found both in this and several of the Caribbee Islands I refer the Reader to a curious Catalogue publish'd some Years ago by that great Promoter of Natural Knowledge the Ingenious Dr. Sloane Archbishopricks Bishopricks Universities None The Inhabitants of this Island being English are much the same in Manners with those in the Kingdom of England only with this difference that the generality of 'em is somewhat more vitiously enclin'd a thing too common in most of our Western Plantations This Island being intirely inhabited by English they retain and still use their own Native Language Jamaica is wholly subject to the Crown of England and rul'd by a particular Governor sent thither by His Majesty the King of Great Britain The Laws by which they 're govern'd are as near as can be to those of England Here they have several Courts of Judicatory for hearing and determining of all Causes between Man and Man and for the better Assistance of the Governor he is furnisht with his Council to consult with when occasion requires The Inhabitants of this Island are of the same Religion with that publickly posess'd and by Law establisht in England excepting the Negroe-Slaves who both here and in other Islands of the English Plantations are still kept in woful Ignorance which is undoubtedly a grievous Scandal to our Holy Profession in general and an abominable Shame to their respective Masters in particular But let such Masters know that the time is coming when the now despised Souls of those toiling Slaves will certainly be requir'd at their Hands §. 5. Hispaniola THIS Island discover'd by Columbus Anno 1492. is term'd by the Spaniards Espaniola by the French Espagnole by the Italians Germans and English Hispaniola so call'd by the first Planters therein viz. the Spaniards as a Diminutive of their own Country The Air of this Island is much inferior to that in Jamaica being much infested with morning Heats which would be intollerable were they not allayed by some cooling Breezes in the Afternoon The opposite Place of the Globe to Hispaniola is that part of the East-Indian Ocean lying between 120 and 130 Degrees of Longitude with 17 and 21 Degrees of South Latitude This Island is bless'd with an extraordinary rich and fertil Soil The Trees and Meadows in it are still so green that we may truly say it enjoys a continual Spring Herbs and Fruits are said to ripen in eighteen Days and so rich and fruitful is the Native Turf that of several Grain the common Increase is an hundred-fold Here is abundance of Palm-Trees of a prodigious height and bigness in whose Body an Incision being made near the Root from thence doth flow a Liquor usually call'd Palm-Wine which being kept for some time fermenteth and becomes very strong These Trees are also term'd Cabbage-Trees because their Tops resemble European Cabbage and is commonly us'd as such by the Spaniards Here is also great plenty of Sugar-Canes and some rich Mines of Gold The length of the Days and Nights in Hispaniola is the same as in the middle Provinces of New Spain they both lying under the same Parallels of Latitude The chief Commodities of this Island are Cattle Hides Cassia Sugar Ginger Cocheneel Guiacum c. In this Island is some store of Genipa-Trees whose Fruit about the bigness of a Man's two Fists being press'd before thorow Ripe affords a Juice as black as Ink and fit to write with all did it not disappear intirely in nine or ten Days 2. Here grows another Tree call'd Mananilla or Dwarf Apple-Tree whose Fruit is of so venemous a quality that if any Person eat thereof he 's instantly seiz'd with an unquenchable Thirst and dies raving Mad in a short time 3. Of the many Insects belonging to this Island the Glow-worm term'd by the Spaniards Cochinillas is most remarkable and that chiefly for two little Specks on its Head which by Night give so much Light that if a Person lay three or four of those Creatures together he may see to read the smallest Print 4 In Hispaniola are Spiders about the bigness of an ordinary Hens Egg having Legs as long as Sea-Crabs of a middle size They are hairy all over and have four black Teeth like Rabbets and commonly bite very sharply but are not venemous 5 Most remarkable of all Creatures in this Island is the Cayman commonly reckon'd the Crocodile of Hispaniola which being an Animal of a prodigious bigness is much noted for his rare subtilty in catching his Prey for lying upon a River-side he so gathereth his Body together that in form he resembles exactly the large Trunk of an old Tree In which Posture he continues till Cattle or other Creatures come to the River to drink when to their great surprize he suddenly springs up and assaults them And to enhaunce the Wonder this strange Creature is said to use yet a more strange Stratagem to effect his end for Travellers generally affirm of him That before he lays himself as aforesaid upon the River-side he
prop. so call'd Chief Town Prague S. to N. Lusatia higher Northward Soraw 〈◊〉 lower Southward Pantzen Moravia Eastern Weiskirk Olmutz Western Olmutz D. of Silesia higher Southward Troppaw Breslaw lower Northward Breslaw After the 10 Circles of Germany followeth Switzerland comprehending 13 Cantons with several Confederate Cities and Proefectures 1. The thirteen Cantons are those of Zurick Switz Glaris Solothurn Bern Underwald Basil Schafhousen Lucern Zug Friburg Apenzel These Cantons are set down according to their Votes in the general Diets each of them hath a capital City of its own Name except Uri chief Town Altorf and Underwald chief Town Stant and are reduced to three Classes Viz. West comprehending Basil from N. to S. Soloturn Bern Freiburg Middle comprehending Schafhouse from N. to S. Zurich Zug Lucern Switz Underwald Uri East comprehending Apenzil from N. to S. Glaris 2. The chief Confederates of the Switzers are the Grisons ch T. Coire W. of the County of Tirol City of Geneva Lake of Geneva 3. The chief Praefectures of the Switzers are Baden on the W. N. W. of Zurick Bremgarten Mellingen Sargans N. of the Grisons To the German Empire we might here annex the Kingdom of Hungary it being now almost intirely under the Emperour But of it when we come to Turkey in Europe THIS great Body being divided as aforesaid into Ten Circles and the first of these viz. Belgium or the Netherlands being most observable upon several accounts we shall take a particular View of the same as it consists of Holland and Flanders and then treat of all the rest conjunctly under the general Title of Upper Germany Therefore §. 1. HOLLAND THis Country of old Batavia a part of Ancient Belgium is 〈◊〉 by the Italians and Spaniards Holanda by the French Hollande by the Germans and English Holland so call'd as many imagin from Hol and land two Teutonic words signifying a low or hollow sort of Land But others choose rather to dâ—â—ive the Name from Oeland an Island in the Baltick Sea whose Inhabitants being great Pyrats and frequently ranging these Seas at 〈◊〉 did seize upon and settle themselves in this part of the 〈◊〉 The Air of this Country is generally thick and moist by reason of the frequent Fogs which arise from the many Lakes and Channels with which this Country abounds And to Moistness of the Air it is that we may impute the Cause of the â—ency of Agues to which the Inhabitants are so subject The â—site Place of the Globe to Holland is that part of the vast Paciâ—â—â— Ocean between 205 and 210 Degrees of Longitude with 51 and 54 Degrees of South Latitude This Country lying very low and in the Tenth North Climate Its Soil is Naturally wet and fenny but the industrious Inhabitants do so drain it by a vast Multitude of Artificial Channels that the Ground is made very fit both for Pasture and Tillage especially the former they imploying the greatest part of their Land in Grazing vast Herds of Kine The Length of the Days and Nights is the same as in England South of the Humber Although the Commodities of this Country proceeding from its natural Growth may strictly speaking be reckon'd only Butter and Cheese yet by reason of the many useful Manufactures which this People encourage at home the very Materials of which are brought from other Nations and that wonderful Trade which they manage abroad in most Parts of the known World we may reckon it as a Publick Warehouse of the richest and best Commodities of all Nations The chief Remarkables in Holland are these following viz. 1. The vast Multitude of Artificial Sluces and Canals being a Work of prodigious Expence and great Convenience both for Traffick and Travelling 2. The Burg in Leyden being reckon'd a notable Piece of Antiquity with the many rare Curiosities to be seen in the famous University there 3. The Curious Fountains especially that call'd The Basin of Venus and the two great Cascades or Water-falls in the pleasant Gardens belonging to Loo 4. The brazen Font in St. Peter's Church in Zutphen Remarkable for its admirable Workmanship 5. The two brazen Dishes in the Village of Losdun in which were Baptiz'd Anno 1276. by Don William Suffragan Bishop of Treves 365 Children born at one Birth by the Countess of Heneberg Daughter to Florent the 4th Earl of Holland 6. The Remarkable Stone Quarry near Maestricht which looks like a vast Subterraneous Palace it reaching under a large Hill supported by some Thousands of square Pillars commonly 20 Foot high between which are spacious Walks and many private Retirements of great Use in time of War they serving as a sure Refuge to the neighbouring Country People who commonly resort thither with their Goods when alarm'd by an approaching Enemy 7. The Room where the Synod of Dort was held Anno 1619 with the Seats as they then stood is shewn to Strangers as another Curiosity of this Country To these we may add the stately brazen Statue of the famous Desid Erasmus in the City of Rotterdam as also the little obscure House where that Great and Eminent Man was born which is likewise shewn to Strangers having this Distich over its Door Aedibus his ortus Mundum decor avit Erasmus Artibus ingenuis Relligione Fide Here is but one Archbishoprick in this Country viz. Utricht and that only Titulary Under the Archbishop of Utrecht are Five Titular Suffragans viz. Those of Deventer Groningen Harlem Leuwarden Middleburgh Universities in this Country are those of Leyden Utrecht Franeker Groningen Harderwick The Natives of this Country are reckon'd none of the Politest sort of People either in Thought or Behaviour especially the latter in which they so little endeavour to follow the various Modes and nice Punctilio's of Ceremony in Use among their Neighbours the French that they choose rather to run to the other extream The chief if not only Quality of this People besides the singular Neatness of their Houses is that wonderful Genius to a laudable Industry wherewith they seem to be Universally inspir'd Persons of all Ages Sexes and Stations being some way or other usefully imploy'd By which industrious Hand in carrying on several profitable Manufactures at home and managing a prodigious Trade abroad they have of late advanc'd themselves to such a height of Power and Treasure as to become even terrible to crown'd Heads The Language here spoken is the Low Dutch a Dialect of the German having several corrupted French and Latin words intermixt a Language that hath nothing to recommend it to Strangers How it differs from the High German will best appear by their Pater Noster which runs thus Onse Vader die in de hemelen Ziit Uwen Naem werde geheylight Uw ' koninckritche home Uwen wille geschiede geliick in den hemel alsoo oock op der atrden On s ' dagelicks broot geef on s heden Ende vergeeft on s onse schulden geliick
nas zabw ode zlego Amen The large Body of Poland is subject unto and govern'd by its own King who is Elective and that by the Clergy and Nobility alone the Commons having no hand in it His Government is term'd Monarchical but if rightly considered we may reckon it rather a Real Aristocracy the Nobility in their Elections having so limited the King's Power that without the Consent of the States-General he may neither make War nor Peace nor do any thing of Importance that concerns the Publick Considering the true Nature and Constitution of this Government we may easily imagine that 't is frequently liable to Inter-reigns whether by Death Deposition or Resignation as also Intestine Broils and Commotions witness the late Election when the Parties electing do jarr in their choice During an Inter-reign or when the King is absent from his Kingdom as sometimes in the Field against the Turks the Archbishop of Gnesna doth ordinarily officiate as King but if no Archbishop of Gnesna then the Bishop of Ploczko exerciseth that Power and in case that that See be also Vacant then the Bishop of Posna undertakes the same The whole State is commonly considered as divided into two principal Parts viz. the Kingdom of Poland and Grand Dutchy of Lithuanta The Great Wheels of Government in both of these are the Senate and General Dyets The Senate is compos'd of Archbishops Bishpos Palatines Principal Castellans and Chief Officers of the Kingdom The General Dyer consists of the same Members together with Delegates from each Province and City both of the Kingdom and Dutchy which Dyet is either Ordinary as when summon'd according to Law once every two Years or Extraordinary as when call'd by the King upon some emergent Occasion The Calling of this Dyet is always perform'd by the Chancellor's Letters term'd Literae Instructionis to the Palatines acquainting them with what the King designs to propose to them and the time he would have them come to Court Having receiv'd the King's Proposal each of them hath full Liberty to examine the same in its own Nature and Consequences and to return their Thoughts about it with all the freedom they can desire The King's Letters are likeways sent to the Gentry of each Palatinate to chuse a Nuncio to be their Representative in the Dyet in which Election the Candidate must be unanimously pitch'd upon for if the Suffrage of only one private Gentleman be wanting the Election is void and the Province is depriv'd of its Vote in the approaching Dyet The Elections being over and the various Senators and Nuncio's come to Court the King array'd in his Royal Robes and attended by the Chancellor renews the Proposal in their Publick Assembly The Proposal having been duly weigh'd by each of them aforehand they come to a speedy Resolution in the Matter either Pro or Con. As the aforesaid Election of the various Nuncio's requires an unanimous Assent in all Persons electing or else the Election is void even so the thing propos'd by the King in the General Dyet must be assented unto by all otherways the Proposal was made in vain for if they differ which frequently happens then the Dyet breaks up without doing any thing and each Member returns to his own Home Subordinate to the Senate and Dyet are a great many Courts of Judicatory whether Ecclesiastical Civil or Military for determining all Causes in the various Parts of the Kingdom which Courts are much the same with the like Subordinate Judicatories in other civiliz'd Countries of Europe particularly those here in England The Arms of the Crown of Poland are Quarterly in the first and fourth Gules an Eagle Argent crown'd and arm'd Or for Poland In the second and third Gules a Cavalier arm'd Cap-a-pe Argent in the Dexter a naked Sword of the same in the Sinister a Shield Azure charg'd with a double barr'd Cross Or mounted on a Courser of the second barbed of the third and nail'd of the fourth for Lithuania For the Crest a Crown heighten'd with eight Fleurets and clos'd with four Demy-Circles ending in a Monde Or which is the Crest of Poland For the Motto are these Words Habent sua sidera Reges The Inhabitants of this Country are for the most part Professors of the Doctrine of the Church of Rome yet all Religions being tolerated here are many of the Greek Church as also Armenians Lutherans Socinians Calvinists Jews Quakers c. Those of the Church of Rome are dispers'd over all Parts of the Kingdom but most numerous in the Provinces of Cujavia and Warsovia The Lutherans are mostly to be found in Prussia The Armenians in Russia and all the rest appear in greatest Droves through the various Parts of Lithuania Besides in Samogitia is a sort of People who differ little or nothing from mere Heathens The Reformation of Religion began in this Country Anno 1535 but did not meet with due encouragement The Christian Faith was planted in the various Parts of Poland at several times and by several Persons it being establisht in Poland properly so call'd Anno 963. in the time of their Prince Miecislaus Son of Memomislus In Livonia Anno 1200. by the Preaching of one Meinarduâ—â—â— In Lithuania not until the Year 1386. at the Admission of 〈◊〉 to the Crown of Poland and then done as some affirm by Thomas Waldensis an Englishman In Samogitia and Volhinia at the same time with Livonia In the rest at other times and upon other occasions SECT VI. Concerning Spain with Portugal  d. m.  Miles Situated between 08 05 of Long. its greatest Length is about 620. 21 30 between 36 15 of Latit Breadth is about 480. 44 30 It being divided into 3 Classes viz. 1. Towards the N. and W. Ocean 2. Towards the Mediterran Sea 3. Towards the middle part 1. Class comprehends Biscay Chief Town Bilbo or Bilboa E. to W. Asturia Oviedo Gallicia Compostella N. to S. Portugal Lisbon Andalousia Sevilla W. to E. 2. Class comprehends Grenada Idem Murâ—â—â— Idem 〈◊〉 Idem Catalonia Barcelona E. to N. W. 3. Class comprehends Arragon Caragoca Navar Pamplona Old Castile Burgâ— N. to S. New Castile Madrid Leon Idem S. of Asturia Of all these in Order §. 1. Biscay a Lordship Contains Ipusco Ch. T. Tholoss E. to W. Biscay properly so called Bilbo â—â—lava Vitoria Southward §. 2. Asturia a Principality Contains Asturia 〈◊〉 viedo Chief Town Oviedo Westward Asturia de Santillana Santillana Eastward §. 3. Gallicia a Kingdom Contains the Archbishopr of Compostella Chief Town Idem S. W. to N. E. Bishopr of Mondonedo Idem Lugo Idem N. E. to S. W. upon the Minho Orense Idem Territory of Tuy Idem §. 4. Portugal a Kingdom Contains The Provin of Eutre Minho Douro Chief Town Braga W. to E. Tralos Montes Miranda Beira Coimbra N. to S. Estrema dura Lisbone Entre Taâ—o Guâ—â—ianâ— Evora The Kingdom of Algâ—ave Tavira § 5. Andalousia a Province Contains the Bishoprick of
the City of Jerusalem but that more out of Curiosity than Devotion They have also a great Veneration for the Valley of Jehosaphat believing it shall be the particular Place of the General Judgment Lastly Abstinence from Wine is likewise a Precept of the Alcoran But of this they are less observant than of any of the former for many of the richest sort of Turks are great Admirers of the Juice of the Grape and will liberally taste of the same in their private Cabals These various Provinces were at first instructed in the Christian Faith at different Times and upon different Occasions SECT IX Concerning the European Islands HAving hitherto Travell'd through the various Countries on the Continent of Europe let us now leave the Continent and set Sail for its Islands And whereas the Chief of such Islands are those term'd the Britannick let us first take a Particular Survey of them and then a more General View of all the rest Therefore I. Of the Britannick Islands THESE Islands being always consider'd as divided into Greater viz. those of Great Britain and Ireland and Lesser namely those many little ones surrounding Britain I shall begin with the former comprehending in them Three distinct Kingdoms and One Principality And since our manner of Travelling through the various Countries on the Continent of Europe hath been still to proceed from North to South I shall therefore continue the afore said Method in Surveying the Isle of Great Britain having no other Regard to the Two Grand Sovereignties therein than the bare Situation of them Begin we therefore with the Northern Part of the Island viz. SCOTIAE Nova Descriptiorer Robert Morden SCOTLAND  d. m. Situated between 10 00 of Long. its greatest Length from N. to S. is about 240 Miles 17 30 between 55 00 of Latit Breadth from E to W. is about 180 Miles 59 00 Being divided into two Classes viz. South the Frith C T. Edinburgh North the Frith Aberdeen South Class comprehends Gatloway Chief Town Kirkudbright W. to E. Nithisdale Dumfreis Anandale Annand Eshdale with Eusdale Lidisdale Hermitage Tiviotdale Jedburgh The Mers Duns E. to W. Lawderdale Lauder Tweedale Peeblis Clydisdale Glascow Kyle Air Garrick Bargenny Lothian Edenburgh E. to W. Sterling Idem Renfrew Idem Cunningham Irvin Isles of Boot Rothesay Arren Peninsula of Cantyre Kilkeran North Class comprehends Fife St. Andrews E. to W. Menteith Dumblain Lennox 〈◊〉 Argile Innerara Perth Idem E. to W. Strathâ—â—◠〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Lorn 〈◊〉 Merns Bervey E. to W. Angus Dundee Gaury Athol Blair Marr Aberdeen E. to W. Badenech Riven Iâ—chabar Innerlochy Buchan Peterhead E. to W. 〈◊〉 Idem 〈◊〉 Elgin 〈◊〉 Taine S. to N. Sâ—thâ—rland Dâ—rnock Strathnaver Strathy Catchness Wick lying N. E. of Strathnaver These are the various Divisions of Scotland according to the best Maps and the manner how they are found But since that Kingdom is ordinarly divided into Sheriffdoms Stewarties Balliaries and one Constabulary we shall also consider it in that respect and seeing each of those Sheriffdoms and Stewarties c. comprehend either a part or one or more of the aforesaid Divisions we shall here subjoin all the Sheriffdoms and Stewarties c. of the whole Kingdom and annex to each of them their whole Content whether more or less Therefore Sheriffdoms of Scotland are those of Edenburgh Containing Middle Lothian Barwick The Mers and Bailliary of Lauderdale Peeblis Twâ—edale Shelkirk The Forest of Etterick Wigâ—on The N. and W. Parts of Galloway Renfrew The Barony of Renfrew Lanerick Clidisdale Dumbritton Lenox Bute Isles of Bute Arren Striveling Striveling on both sides the River Forth Linlithgow West Lothian Glackmannan A little of the E. parts of Strivelingshire Kinross A little of the W. parts of Fife Couper The rest of Fife Forfar Anguis with its Pertinents Kinkardin Mernis Elgin The Eastern parts of Murray Nairn The Western parts Weik Caithness Orkney Isles of Orkney Schetland Sheriffdoms of Scotland are those of Aberdcen containing Marr with its Pertinents Buchan comprehending Forumartâ—n Strathbogie Perth containing Perth as also Gleushee Athol Strathandel Gawry Ramach Broad-Albin Balhider Menteith Glenurghay Strathyern Strormont Innerara containing Argile Lorn Kantire Isles W. of Lorn Kantire Bamfe containing Bamfe Strathdovern Beyn Enzy Strathawin Balveny Inverness containing Badâ—noch Lochabyr The South Part of Ross A Part of Murray beyond Nairn Westw Tayne containing Southerland Strathnaver Roxburgh containing Tiviotdale Lidisdale Eshdale with Eusâ—ale Aire containing Kyle Carrick Cunningham Dumfreis containing all Nithisdale Cromarty a little of Ross S. of Cormarty Besides these Sheriffdoms there are Stewarties Bayliaries one Constabulary Stewarties are Strathern contain Strathern Menteith Menteith Annandale Annandale Kirkudbright E. and S. parts of Galloway As also S Andrews in Fife Killemure Anguis Abernethy Perth Bayliaries are Kyle contain Kyle Carrick Carrick Cunningham Cunningham Lauderdale Lauderdale The One Constabulaty is that of Haddington containing East-Lothian THIS Country the famous Ancient Caledonia is term'd by the Italians Scotia by the Spaniards Escocia by the French Escosse by the Germans Schotland by the English and its own Natives Scotland so call'd as some fondly imagine from Scota Daughter to an Egyptian Pharaoh but more probably from Scoti Schytti or Scythi a People of Germany over the Northern Parts of which the Name of Scythia did once prevail who seized on a Part of Spain next on Ireland and from thence came into the Western Parts of this Country The Air of this Country is generally very pure and so extraordinary wholesome to breath in that several Persons in the Northmost Parts of that Kingdom do frequently arrive to greater Ages than is usual in other Nations of Europe The opposite Place of the Globe to Scotland is that Part of the vast Pacifick Ocean between 190 and 196 Degrees of Longitude with 56 and 60 Degrees of South Latitude Notwithstanding this Country is of a Situation considerably Northern it lying in the 11th 12th and beginning of the 13th North Climate yet it produceth all Necessaries and many of the Comforts of Humane Life Its Seas are wonderfully stor'd with most kinds of excellent Fish Its Rivers do mightily abound with the choicest of Salmons Its Plains do sufficiently produce most kinds of Grain Herbs and Fruits and many of its Mountains are not only lin'd with valuable Mines and the best of Coals but also several of them are so cover'd over with numerous Flocks that great Droves of Cattle do yearly pass into the North of England The longest Day in the Northmost Part of this Country is about 18 Hours ½ the shortest in the Southmost 6 Hours ½ and the Nights proportionably The Chief Commodities of this Country are most sorts of Fish in great abundance much Linnen-Cloath and Tallow vast numbers of Cattle and Hides as also excellent Honey Lead-Oar Iron Train-Oyl Course Cloaths Frizes c. In Clydsdale are yet to be seen for several Miles the Remains of a large Roman Cawsway or Military-way which
appoint The Officers of State are eight in number viz. the Lord High-Chancellor Lord High-Treasurer Lord-President of the Council Lord Secretary of State Lord Treasurer-Deputy Lord Register Lord-Advocate and Lord Justice Clerk The Administration of Justice in Civil Affairs is lodg'd in the Lords of the Session who are Fifteen in number whereof One is President and to those are join'd some Noblemen under the Name of extraordinary Lords of the Session This Court is esteemed one of the most August and Learned Judicatories in Europe From it there lies no Appeal but to the Parliament which is now made up of the Peers the Commissioners of Counties and those of Free Burroughs The King's Person is always represented in Parliament by some Nobleman who bears the Title of Lord High-Commissioner The Distribution of Justice in Criminal Matters is commited to the Court of Justice which is compos'd of the Lord Justice General the Lord Justice Clerk and five or six other Lords of the Session who in this Bench are call'd Commissioners of Justiciary Over and above these two Supreme Courts of Justice there are a great many Subordinate Judicatories both for Civil and Criminal Affairs through the Kingdom as Sheriff Courts Courts of Regality and the like The Royal Arms of this Kingdom together with those of England and Ireland as they compose the Ensigns Armorial of the Monarch of Great Britain shall be particularly express'd when we come to England The Inhabitants of this Country excepting a few who still adhere to the Church of Rome and an inconsiderable number of Quakers are all of the Reform'd Religion yet with considerable Variation among themselves in some private Opinions and various Points of Church Discipline However the numerous Professors thereof are very sincere in their Principles and do generally practise conformable to their Professions No Christian Society in the World doth excel them for their exact Observation of the Sabbath day and few can equal them for their singular Strictness and Impartiality in punishing Scandals But lamentable are their Distractions of late in Matters relating to Ecclesiastical Polity and how fatal such Heats and Divisions both in this and the Neighbouring Kingdom may prove at last is alas but too well known to all thinking Persons among us The smallest Privateer belonging either to Brest or S. Malo's may easily Attack Board and Sink the Royal Britannia her self if she chance only to Spring a Leak under Water when her whole Crew are at Blows between Decks The Christian Faith according to the best Accounts was planted in this Country during the Reign of Dioclesian for by reason of that violent Persecution he rais'd in the Church many Christians are said to have fled from the Continent into the Isle of Great Britain and particularly as an Ancient Author expresly testifieth into that Part thereof In quam Romana Arma nunquam penetrârunt which without all doubt is Scotland especially the Northern Parts of that Country they being still possess'd by the Scots and never subject to the Roman Power St Rule or Regulus is said to have brought over with him the Arm or as some affirm the Lig of St. Andrew the Apostle and to have buried it in that place where now the City of St. Andrews stands These first Propagators of Christianity seem to have been a kind of Monks who afterwards by the beneficence of the first Christian Kings of Scotland came into the Seats and Possessions of the Pagan Druides a sort of Religious Votaries to the Heathen Gods and had their principal Residence or rather Monasteries in the Islands of Man and Jona and passed under the Name of Culdees ENGLAND bu Rob t. Morden ENGLAND  d. m. Situated between 12 00 of Long. its greatest Length from N. to S. is about 320 Miles 20 00 between 50 00 of Latit Breadth from E. to W. is about 290 Miles 55 50 Being divided into Six Circuits viz. Western Circuit Chief Town Salisbury Oxford Circuit Oxford Home Circuit Canterbury Northfolk Circuit Norwich Midland Circuit Lincoln North Circuit York Western-Circuit contains Cornwall Chief Town Launceston W. to E. Devonshire Exeter Dorsetshire Dorchester Hampshire Winchester Sommâ—rsetshire Bristol N. of Dorsetshire Wiltshire Salisbury Oxford Circuit contains Barkshire Redding N. of Hampshire Oxfordshire Oxford E. to W. Glocestershire Glocester Monmouthshire Monmouth Herefordshire Hereford S. to N. E. Worcestershire Worcester Staffordshire Stafford Shropshire Shrewsbury W. of Staffordshire Home-Circuit contains Essex Colchester E. to W. Hartfordshire Hartford Kent Canterbury E. to W. Surry Southwark Sussex Chichester South of Surry 〈◊〉 Norfolk-Circuit contains Norfolk Norwich E. to S. W. Suffolk Ipswich Cambridgeshire Cambridge Huntingtonshire Huntington Bedfordshire Bedford Buckinghamshire Buckingham Midland Circuit contains Lincolnshire Chief Town Lincoln E. to W. Nottinghamshire Nottingham Derbyshire Derby Rutlandshire Okeham E. to W. Leicestershire Leicester Warwickshire Warwick Northamptonshire Northampton S. of Leicestershire Warwickshire North. Circuit contains Yorkshire York S. to N. Durham Idem Northumberland Newcastle Lancashire Lancaster S. to N. Westmorland Appleby Cumberland Carlisle To England we here subjoin the Principality of Wales divided into Four Circuits each Circuit comprehending Three Counties vix 1. Those of Denbighshire Chief Town Denbigh N. to S. Flintshire St. Asaph Montgomeryshire Montgomery 2. Those of Anglesey Beaumaris N. to S. E. Carnarvenshire Carnarven Mâ—rionethshire Harlech 3. Those of Cardiganshire Cardigan N. to S. Carmarthènshire Carmarthen Pembrokeshire Pembrook 4. Those of Radnorshire Radnor N. to S. W. Brecknokshire Brecknock Glamorganshire Cardiff Besides the Six Circuits of England containing Thirty eight Counties and these Four of Wales comprehending Twelve there remain as yet two Counties unmentioned and which are not ordinarily reduc'd to any of these Circuits viz. Middlesex and Cheshire the first because of its Vicinity to London and the other as being a County-Palatine having its own Judges and Counsellors peculiar to it self These Two Counties with the Thirty eight abovemention'd in England and Twelve in Wales make Fifty two in all But since England and Wales are Two distinct Sovereignties one being a Kingdom and the other a Principality we shall seperately Treat of them both Therefore ENGLAND THIS Country the Ancient Anglia which with the rest of the Island made up the Renown'd Britannia or Albion is term'd by the Italians Inghilterra by the Spaniards Inglatierra by the French Angleterre by the Germans Engel-land and by the Natives England which Name is deriv'd from the Angles a People of Lower Saxony who Conquer'd the greatest Part of this Country and divided the same into Seven different Kingdoms But Egbert descended from the Angles having united this divided Nation and being the first Monarch of England after the Saxon Heptarchy ordered by special Edict above 800 Years after the Incarnation that the whole Kingdom should be term'd Engle-lond which Title in process of time hath turn'd into the present Name of England The Air of this Country is far more Mild Sweet and Temperate than
Irish according to the best Character I find of 'em viz. that of Dr. Heylin's are a People that 's generally strong and nimble of Body haughty of Spirit careless of their Lives patient in Cold and Hunger implacable in Enmity constant in Love light of Belief greedy of Glory In a word if they are bad you shall no where find worse if they be good you can hardly meet with better The Language here us'd by the Natives being the Irish seems to be of a British Extraction by comparing the same with the Welsh The English and Scots here residing retain their own Pater-Noster in the Irish Tongue runs thus Air nathir ataigh air nin nabz far haminiti tigiuh da riatiatche deantur da hoilam hicoil air nimh agis air thalamhi Air naran laidhthuil tabhair dhuin a' niomh agis math duin dair shiaca ammil agis mathum viddar fentchunnim agis na trilaic astoch say anausen ac sarsino ole Amen The Government of this Country is by one Supreme Officer who is commonly term'd the Lord Lieutenant or Lord Deputy of Ireland No Vice-Roy in Europe is invested with greater Power nor cometh nearer the Majesty of a King in his Train and State than he For his Assistance he 's allow'd a Privy-Council to advise with upon all Occasions As for the Laws of the Kingdom which are the standing Rule of all Civil Government they owe their Beginning and Original to the English Parliament and Council and must first pass the Great Seal of England In absence of the Lieutenant the Supreme Power is lodg'd in Lords Justices who have the same Authority with a Lieutenant The various Courts of Judicatory both for Civil and Criminal Affairs and their manner of proceeding in each of 'em are much the same as here in England See England page 206. The Inhabitants of this Country are partly Protestants partly Papists The best civilized Parts of the Kingdom are of the Reform'd Religion according to the Platform of the Church of England But the far greater Part of the old Native Irish do still adhere to Popish Superstitions and are as credulous of many Ridiculous Legends as in former times The Christian Faith was first preached in this Country by St. Patrick Anno 435. who is generally affirm'd to be the Nephew of St. Martin of Thurs. And thus having travell'd through Britain and Ireland the Greater of the Britannick Islands proceed we next to the Lesser which in respect of Great Britain are situated on the East West North and South On the East are The Holy Island Remarkable Places are The Old Fort All E of Northumberland Fearn Islands The Old Tower Coket Island Sheppy Island Quinborough On the Kentish Coast Thanet Island On the West are The Lewes Sowardil found from N. to S. Wiist Kilfadrick Sky Kilvorie Mu◠Dowart-Castle Jura Kilardil Ila Kilconan Arren Arren Man Russin Anglesey Newburgh Scilly Islands Castle Hugh On the North are The Orkneys of which the chief are Hoy None from S. to N. N. E. Mainland Kirkwall Sapinsha Elwick Westra Periwa The Shetland of which the chief are Mainland Ylesburg Yell Gravelland On the South are Portland Island Portland Castle S. of Dorsetshire Isle of Wight Newport S. of Hampshire Port-Sea Island Portsmouth Isles of Jersey St. Hillary W. of Normandy Garnsey St. Peter's Town Alderney Alderney The chief of which Lesser Islands being these following viz. The Oreades The Isle of Man The Isles of Jersey The Schetland Anglesey Garnsey The Hebrides Wight Alderney Somewhat of all these and in their Order Therefore §. 1. The Orcades or Orknay Islands THE number of these Islands is indeed very great and of 'em Twenty six are actually inhabited the rest being call'd Holms are us'd only for Pasturage Most of 'em are bless'd with a very pure and healthful Air to breath in but their Soil is very different being in some extreamly Dry and Sandy in others Wet and Marish however they 're indifferently fruitful in Oats and Barly but destitute of Wheat Rye and Pease Many useful Commodities are yearly exported from them to divers Foreign Parts South-West of Swinna one of those Islands are two dreadful Whirl-pools in the Sea commonly term'd the Wells of Swinna very terrible to Passengers and probably occasion'd by some Subterranean Hiatus In these Islands are several Footsteps of the Pictish Nation from whom Pictland-Frith is commonly thought to derive its Name The Inhabitants do still retain many Gothick and Teutonick Terms in their Language and some Ancient German Sirnames as yet in use do plainly evince their Extraction These Islands have been visited by the Romans possess'd by the Picts and subject to the Danes but Christiern IV. of Denmark having quitted all his Pretensions to them in favour of King James VI. upon the Marriage of that Prince with his Sister they have ever since acknowledged Allegiance to the Scottish Crown and are immediately govern'd by the Stewart of Orknay or his Deputy §. 2. The Shetland UNDER the Name of Shetland are commonly comprehended no less than Forty six Islands with Forty Holms besides many Rocks Of these Islands about Twenty six are inhabited the rest being us'd only for feeding of Cattle They enjoy a very healthful Air and the Inhabitants do generally arrive to a great Age. In several of them are some Obelisks still standing with divers old Fabricks made as is commonly believ'd by the Picts The Gentry who remov'd hither from the Continent usually speak as in the North of Scotland but the Common Sort of People who are descended from the Norvegians do still retain a corrupt Norse Tongue call'd Norn All these Islands belong now to the Crown of Scotland and are reckon'd a part of the Stewarty of Orknay §. 3. The Hebrides THIS mighty Cluster of Islands the Ebudes of Ptolomy Solinus and Pliny are commonly term'd the Western Isles from their Situation in respect of Scotland to which Crown they belong In Soil they 're very different but generally blest with a pure and healthful Air. They surpass Three hundred in number though reckon'd by some but Forty four Their Inhabitants use the Irish Tongue yet with difference of Dialect from that in Ireland and are much the same with the Highlanders on the Continent of Scotland both in Habit Customs and Manner of Living The most remarkable of all these Islands are Two viz. Jona and St. Kilda The former now call'd Columbkill nigh the Isle of Mull is noted for being of old the burying Place of the Kings of Scotland and the chief Residence of the Ancient Culdees The other term'd by the Islanders Hirt by Buchanan Hirta and afterwards St. Kilda or Kildir is the remotest of all the Hebrides and so observable for some Remarkables therein and several uncommon Customs peculiar to its Inhabitants that a Description thereof was of late thought worthy of a particular Treatise entituled A Voyage to St. Kilda to which I remit the Reader §. 4. The Isle
of Man THIS Island call'd Monoeda by Ptolomy and by Pliny Mondbia enjoys a very cold and sharp Air being expos'd on every side to the bleak piercing Winds from the Sea Its Soil oweth much of its Fertility to the Care and Industry of the Husbandman The Inhabitants a mixture of English Scots and Irish commonly call'd Mankâ—-men have in general a very good Character The ordinary sort of People retain much of the Irish in their Language and way of Living but those of better Rank strive to imitate the English In this they 're peculiarly happy that all litigious Proceedings are banish'd from among 'em all Differences being speedily determin'd by certain Judges call'd Deemsters and that without Writings or Fees If the Case be found very intricate then 't is referr'd to twelve Men whom they term the Keyes of the Island This Island with the Advowson of the Bishoprick belongs to the Earls of Derby who are commonly stil'd Lords of Man though Kings in effect they having all kind of Civil Power and Jurisdiction over the Inhabitants but still under the Fief and Sovereignty of the Crown of England §. 5. Anglesey THIS Island the celebrated Mona of the Romans and Ancient Seat of the Druides is bless'd with a very fruitful Soil producing most sorts of Grain especially Wheat in such abundance that the Welsh commonly term it Môn mam Gymry i. e. Môn the Nursery of Wales because that Principality is frequently suppli'd from thence in unseasonable Years 'T is commonly reckon'd as one of the Counties of North-Wales and acknowledgeth Subjection to the Crown of England §. 6. The Isle of Wight THIS Island term'd by Ptolomy 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and by the Romans Vecta Vectis or Victesis enjoys a pure healthful Air and is generally reckon'd a very pleasant and fruitful Spot of Ground 'T was once honour'd as the Isle of Man with the Title of Kingdom for Henry Beauchamp Earl of Warwick was Crown'd King of Wight by Henry VI. Anno 1445. but that Title died with himself about two Years after and 't is now reckon'd only a Part of Hampshire and is govern'd in like manner as other of the Lesser Islands §. 7. Jersey Garnsey and Alderney THESE Islands are all of William the Conqueror's Inheritance and Dukedom of Normandy that now remains in Possession of the English Crown Their Soil is sufficiently rich producing in great abundance both Corn and Fruits especially Apples of which they make plenty of Syder and the Air is so healthful to breath in that the Inhabitants have little or no use for Physicians among ' em They chiefly imploy themselves in Agriculture and Knitting of Stockings and during War with France they 're much given to Privateering It 's observable of Garnsey that no venomous Creature can live in it and that the Natives generally look younger by ten Years than they really are These Islands being annext to the English Crown Anno 1108. by Henry I have to their great Honour continued firm in their Allegiance to England ever since that time notwithstanding of several attempts made upon them by the French And so much for the Lesser Britannick Islands But if the Reader desires a larger Account of 'em let him consult the late Edition of Cambden's Britannia from page 1049 to 1116. inclusively Having thus particularly survey'd the Britannick Islands both Greater and Lesser proceed we now according to our propos'd Method to the Second Part of this Section which is to take a View of all other Islands belonging to Europe whether they lie on the North West or South of the main Continent Therefore II. Of all other European Islands European Islands being situated on the North of Europe West South On the North are the Scandinavian Islands West are The Isle of Ice-land The Britannick of which already The Azores South are those in the Mediterranean Sea Of which in their Order §. 1. The Scandinavian Islands Such Islands are those belonging to Sweden Denmark Norway To Sweden are chiefly those of Rugen Chief Town Bergen W to N. E. Bornholn Rottomby Oeland Borkholm Gothland Wishby Oesal Arnsberg Dago Dageroot Aland Castleholm Northward To Denmark are chiefly those of Zealand Chief Town Copenhagen Capital of all Funen Odensee W. to E. Langland Ruthkoping Laland Naxkow Falster Nykoping Mina Stegâ— Fâ—meren Borge S. W. of Laland Aisâ—n Sonderborg Funen To Norway are chiefly those of Carmen Lying W. of Sâ—avanger S. to N. Hiteren W. of Dronthem Sanien Adjacent to Wardhus Suroy Adjacent Of all these Islands Zealand is the most remarkable and that only for the City of Copenhagen as being the Seat Royal of the Kings of Denmark § 2. The Isle of Ice-land THIS Island taken by some for the much controverted Thule of the Ancients is term'd by the Italians Islanda by the Spaniards Tierra elada by the French Islande by the Germans Island and by the English Ice-land so call'd from the abundance of Ice wherewith 't is environed for the greatest part of the Year By reason of the frozen Ocean surrounding this Island and the great quantity of Snow wherewith 't is mostly cover'd the Air must of necessity be very sharp and piercing yet abundantly healthful to breath in especially to those who are accustomed with that cold Climate The opposite Place of the Globe to Ice-land is that part of the vast Antarctick Ocean lying between 180 and 190 Degrees of Longitude with 60 and 70 Degrees of South Latitude Considering only the Situation of Ice-land it lying in the 18th 19th 20th and 21st North Climate we may easily imagine the Soil is none of the best In some Parts where the Ground is level there are indeed several Meadows very good for Pasture but elsewhere the Island is encumbred either with vast Deserts barren Mountains or formidable Rocks So destitute of Grain is it that the poor Inhabitants grind and make Bread of dri'd Fish-bones In the Northern Parts they have the Sun for one Month without Setting and want him intirely another according as he approacheth the Two Tropicks From this cold and barren Island are yearly exported Fish Whale-Oyl Tallow Hides Brimstone and White Foxes Skins which the Natives barter with Strangers for Necessaries of Humane Life Notwithstanding this Island doâ—â— lie in so cold a Climate yet in it are divers hot and scalding Fountains with Hecla a terrible Valcano which though always covered with Snow up to the very Top doth frequently Vomit forth Fire and Sulphurous Matter in great abundance and that sometimes with such a terrible roaring that the loudest Claps of Thunder are hardly so formidable In the Western Parts of the Island is a Lake of a petrifying Nature and towards the middle another which commonly sends up such a pestilentious Vapour as frequently kills Birds that endeavour to fly over it Some also write of Lakes on the Tops of Mountains and those well-stor'd with Salmons In this Island are two Danish Bishopricks viz. those of Schalholt
Miles 297 00 between 26 50 of Latit Breadth from S. to N. is about 600 Miles 40 00 The large Country of Florida being of no certain Divisions its chief Towns are Coca in the main Land S. Augustine in the Peninsula of Tegeste S. Maâ—hea in the Peninsula of Tegeste THIS Country first discover'd by Sebastian Cabot Anno 1497. but more particularly afterwards by John Dâ—pony a Spaniard who took Possession thereof in the Name of his Catholick Majesty Anno 1527. is term'd by the Italians and Spaniards Florida by the French Floride by the Germans and English Florida so call'd by the Spaniards either because they arriv'd at it on Palm-Sunday which they term Pascha Florida or because they found the Country full of Flowers at their arrival The Air of this Country is said to be so extraordinary temperate that according to our latest Accounts the Inhabitants live to a great Age. The opposite Place of the Globe to Florida is that part of the East Indian Ocean lying between 96 and 110 Degrees of Longitude with 26 and 40 Degrees of South Latitude The Soil of this Country it lying in the 5th and 6th North Climate is wonderfully fertil abounding in most sorts of Grain Herbs and Fruit. It 's also well stor'd with Venison and Fowl inrich'd with considerable Mines of Gold and Silver especially those of the Appalachine Mountains and here they fish vast numbers of valuable Pearls The longest Day in the Northmost Part of this Country is about 14 Hours ¼ the shortest in the Southmost is 9 Hours and the Nights proportionably This Country being slenderly known in the Inland Parts and even those next the Sea but little frequented by Strangers its Commodities are very few yet very costly viz. Gold Silver Pearls and Furs In several Parts of Florida grows a certain Tree about the bigness of an ordinary Apple-Tree the Juice of whose Fruit the Natives use to squeeze out and therewith anoint their Arrows being a rank sort of Poison If there be no Fruit then they break off a Branch and out of it do press a milky Substance equally poisonous with the Juice of the Fruit. So strong a Poyson is this Tree that if a few handfuls of its Leaves are bruised and thrown into a large Pond of Standing-Water all sorts of Beasts that happen to come and drink thereof do suddenly swell and burst asunder Purchas his Pilgrims Part 4. Lib. 8. Cap. 1. In Bahama an Island near C. Florida is the famous Bahama-Spider the biggest of all the Species being two Inches long and deservedly term'd Phalangium Maximum Indicum He hath six Eyes and those not so big as the smallest Pin's head Some of these remarkable Insects are to be seen in the Publick Musoeum of Gresham Colledge London Archbishopricks Bishopricks Universities None The Floridins are naturally White but by anoincing themselves both Men and Women with a certain Oyntment they still appear of an Olive-colour They are tall of Stature well proportion'd lovers of War and ordinarily go quite naked except a small piece of Deer-Sâ—in which many wear about their middle The Language of the Natives doth very much 〈◊〉 in Dialect according to different Parts of this Country The few Spaniards here residing do still retain the Spanish The Natives of this Country are subject to several Lords of their own term'd Paroustes or Caciques one of whom is said to have the Precedency and is generally respected by the rest as an Emperor The Spanish Colonies on the Sea-Coasts have their peculiar Governors appointed by his Catholick Majesty The Natives of this Country are gross Idolaters worshipping the whole Host of Heaven especially the Sun to whom they attribute the good fortune of all their Victories and return him thanks accordingly They mightily respect their Priests who are generally great Sorcerers and call them by the Name of Joanas and in some places Jowa's Several Missionaries were sent into this Country in the Days of Charles the Fifth but the Savage Inhabitants quickly destroy'd them SECT IV. Concerning Terra Canadensis  d. m. Situated between 290 00 of Long. It s greatest Length from E to W. is about 1500 Miles 330 00 between 30 00 of Latit Breadth from S. to N. is about 1920 Miles 62 00 It being divided into North the River Canada South North comprehends Terra Canadensis propria Chief Town From N. to S. Nova Britannia Nova Francia Quibeck South comprehends Nova Scotia Port Royal The English Territor viz. Those of New England Boston From N. E. to S. W. New York Idem N. Jersey East Elisabeth West Elsingburgh Pensilvania Philadelphia  Maryland Baltimore Virginia James Town Carolina Charles Tow. TERRA Canadensis so call'd from the River Canada being a vast Complex Body consisting of several large and considerable Countries and particularly those in which the English Nation is chiefly concern'd we shall distinctly consider its various Divisions especially those of the English Empire and that in the same Order laid down in the foregoing Table Therefore §. 1. Terra Canadensis propria THIS Country being the Northmost of all the rest is esteem'd none of the best But being so slenderly known as yet we pass on to §. 2. Nova Britannia WHICH Country is likeways of a very ordinary Soil by what we find and almost as thinly Inhabited and little frequented as the former We shall therefore make no stay therein but proceed to §. 3. Nova Francia THIS Country is reckon'd to be much colder than most others in the same Latitude however 't is said to be bless'd with a Soil abundantly fruitful and is chiefly furnisht with Stags Bears Hares Martins Foxes Conies and great store of Fish and Flesh The French here residing about six thousand in number do commonly trade in Bever Mouse Skins and Furs This being all that 's remarkable of it we continue our Progress to the next Division viz. §. 4. Nova Scotia WHICH Country first discover'd by Sebastian Cabot at the Charge of Henry the Seventh was once inhabited by a Scotch Colony sent over Anno 1622. by Sir William Alexander then Lord Secretary of Scotland to whom King James by Letters-Patent made a Donation thereof but that Colony failing the French became Masters of the Country and settled themselves therein calling it by the Name of Accadie But leaving these Northern Parts of Terra Canadensis as Countries little known and of less Note unto us Proceed we to that which more nearly concerns us viz. a particular View of the various Parts of the Western English Empire and that according to their Order as they lie in the foregoing Table The first whereof is §. 5. New England THIS Country discover'd first by the English under the Conduct of the two Cabots Anno 1497. and afterwards taken Possession of for Queen Elizabeth by Sir Philip Amadas Anno 1458. is term'd by the Italians Inghilterra Nouella by the Spaniards
13. There is a certain Island in the vast Atlantick Ocean which being descry'd by a Ship at Sea and bearing due East of the said Ship at twelve Leagues distance per Estimation The truest Course for hitting of the said Island is to steer six Leagues due East and just as many due West Par. 14. There is a remarkable Place on the Globe of the Earth of a very pure and wholsome Air to breath in yet of such a strange and detestable Quality that it 's absolutely impossible for two of the intirest Friends that ever breath'd to continue in the same in Mutual Love and Friendship for the space of two Minutes of time Par. 15. There is a certain Island in the Baltick Sea to whose Inhabitants the Body of the Sun is clearly visible in the Morning before he ariseth and likewise in the Evening after he is set Par. 16. There is a certain Village in the Kingdom of Naples situated in a very low Valley and yet the Sun is nearer to the Inhabitants thereof every Noon by 3000 Miles and upwards than when he either riseth or setteth to those of the said Village Par. 17. There is a certain Village in the South of Great Britain to whose Inhabitants the Body of the Sun is less visible about the Winter Solstice than to those who reside upon the Island of Ice-land Par. 18. There is a vast Country in Ethiopia Superior to whose Inhabitants the Body of the Moon doth always appear to be most enlightned when she 's least enlightned and to be least when most Par. 19. There is a certain Island whereof mention is made by several of our latest Geographers whose Inhabitants cannot properly be reckon'd either Male or Female nor altogether Hermaphrodites yet such is their peculiar Quality that they 're seldom liable unto either Hunger or Thirst Cold or Heat Joy or Sorrow Hopes or Fears or any such of the common Attendants of Human Life Par. 20. There is a remarkable Place of the Earth of a considerable Southern Latitude from whose Meridian the Sun removeth not for several Days at a certain time of the Year Par. 21. There is a certain Place of the Earth of a considerable Northern Latitude where though the Days and Nights even when shortest do consist of several Hours yet in that place it's Mid-day or Noon every Quarter of an Hour Par. 22. There are divers Places on the Globe of the Earth where the Sun and Moon yea and all the Planets do actually rise and set according to their various Motions but never any of the fixt Stars Par. 23. There is a large and famous Country on the Continent of Africa many of whose Inhabitants are born perfectly Deaf and others Stone-blind and continue so during their whole Lives and yet such is the amazing Faculty of those Persons that the Deaf are as capable to judge of Sounds as those that hear and the Blind of Colours as they who see Par. 24. There is a certain People in South America who are properly furnish'd with only one of the five Senses viz. that of Touching and yet they can both Hear and See Taste and Smell and that as nicely as we Europeans who have all the Five Par. 25. There is a certain Country in South America many of whose Savage Inhabitants are such unheard-off Canibals that they not only feed upon Human Flesh but also some of them do actually eat themselves and yet they commonly survive that strange Repast Par. 26. There is a remarkable River on the Continent of Europe over which there is a Bridge of such a breadth that above three thousand Men a-breast may pass along upon the same and that without crouding one another in the least Par. 27. There is a large and spacious Plain in a certain Country of Asia able to contain six hundred thousand Men drawn up in Battle Array which number of Men being actually brought thither and there drawn up it were absolutely impossible for any more than one single Person to stand upright upon the said Plain Par. 28. There is a certain European City whose Buildings being generally of firm Stone are for the most part of a prodigious height and exceeding strong and yet it is most certain that the Walls of those Buildings are not parallel to one another nor perpendicular to the Plain on which they are built Par. 29. There is a certain City in the Southern Part of China whose Inhabitants both Male and Female do observe almost the same Posture and Gate in Walking as we Europeans and yet they frequently appear to Strangers as if they walk'd on their Heads Par. 30. There are ten Places of the Earth distant from one another three hundred Miles and upwards and yet none of them hath either Longitude or Latitude Par. 31. There are two distinct Places of the Earth lying under the same Meridian whose Difference of Latitude is sixty Degrees compleatly and yet the true Distance between those two Places doth not really surpass sixty Italian Miles Par. 32. There are also two distinct Places of the Earth lying under the Equinoctial Line whose difference of Longitude is compleatly 86 Degrees ½ and yet the true Distance between those two Places is not full eighty six Italian Miles Par. 33. There are three distinct Places of the Earth all differing both in Longitude and Latitude and distant from one another two thousand Miles compleatly and yet they do all bear upon one and the same Point of the Compass Par. 34. There are three distinct Places on the Continent of Europe equidistant from one another they making a true Equilateral Triangle each of whose sides doth consist of a thousand Miles and yet there is a fourth Place so situated in respect of the other three that a Man may travel on Foot from it to any of the other three in the space of one Artificial Day at a certain time of the Year and that without the least hurry or fatigue whatsoever Par. 35. There are three distinct Places on the Continent of Europe lying under the same Meridian and at such a distance that the Latitude of the third surpasseth that of the second by so many Degrees and Minutes exactly as the second surpasseth the first and yet the true Distance of the first and third from the second or Intermediat Place is not the same by a great many Miles Par. 36. There are two distinct Places on the Continent of Europe so situated in respect of one another that though the first doth lie East from the second yet the second is not West from the first and yet both of them are under the same Parallel of Latitude Par. 37. There is a certain European Island the Northmost Part whereof doth frequently alter both its Longitude and Latitude Par. 38. There is a certain Place in the Island of Great Britain where the Stars are always visible at any time of the Day if the Horizon be not over-cast with Clouds Par. 39. It may be clearly
demonstrated by the Terrestrial Globe That it is not above Twenty four hours Sailing from the River of Thames in England to the City of Messina in Sicily at a certain time of the Year providing there be a brisk North Wind a light Frigat and an Azimuth Compass These are the chief Paradoxical Positions in matters of Geography which mainly depend on a thorough Knowledge of the Globe and though it is highly probable that they 'll appear to some as the greatest of Fables yet we may boldly affirm That they 're not only equally certain with the aforesaid Theorems but also we are well-assur'd that there 's no Mathematical Demonstration of Euclid more infallibly true in its self than is every one of them However we think it not fit to pull off the Vizor or expose those masked Truths to publick View since to endeavour the unmasking of them may prove a private Diversion both pleasant and profitable to the Ingenious Reader at his more vacant Hours we hastning in the mean time to the last Thing propos'd viz. SECT V. Concerning Land and Water THE Surface of the Terraqueous Globe to which we intirely restrict our selves both here and in the following Part of this Treatise being always considered by Geographers as a Supersicies compos'd of Land and Water as its sole constituent Parts and these Parts being subdivided page 13. as followeth viz. Land into Continents Isthmus Islands Promontories Peninsula's Mountains Water into Oceans Straits Seas Lakes Gulfs Rivers Of all these separately and in their Order Therefore §. 1. Of CONTINENTS Commonly reckon'd Four viz. those of Europe Africa Asia America Europe North Scandinavia found from W. to E. Muscovia or Russia Middle France found from W. to E. Germany Poland South Spain found from W. to E. Italy Turky in Europe Asia North comprehending the vast Body of Tartary South China found from E. to W. India Persia Turky in Asia Africa Egypt found from N. to S. Barbary Bildulgerid Zaara or the Desert Land of the Negroes Guinea Nubia Ethiopia Interior Exterior America North Mexico or New Spain from S. to N. New Mexico or Nova Granada Florida Terra Canadensis Terra Arctica South Terra Firma from N. to S. Peru Land of the Amazons Brasil Chyli Paraguay Terra Magellanica Terra Antarctica §. 2. Of ISLANDS They belong either to Europe Africa Asia America Europe The Scandinavian Islands Lying in the N. and Baltick-Sea The Island of Ice-land W. of Scandinavia The Britannick Islands N. of France The Azores W. of Spain The Mediterranean Islands S. of Europe Asia The Japan Islands E. of China The Philippin S. W. of Japan The Isles des Larrons E. of the Philippin The Moloccoes S. of the Philippin The Islands of the Sund W. of the Moluccoes Ceylon and the Maldives W. of the Isles of Sund. Africa more Remarkable Madagascar E. of Ethiopia The Isles of Cape Verde W. of Negroland The Canary Islands W. of Bildulgerid The Madera W. of Barbary Less Remarkable The Isles of Comore N. W. of Madagascar St. Thomas's Island W. of Ethiopia Lat. 00 The Princess Island W. of Ethiopia Lat. 3. St. Helena S. W. of St. Thomas Isle of Ascention N. E. of St. Helena America North are California W. of Nova Granada Newfoundland E. of Terra Canadensis Middle are the Antilles Greater Cuba E. of New Spain Jamaica Hispaniola Port-rito Lesser Caribees S. E. of the greater Antilles Lucayes S. E. of Florida Sotovento N. of Terra Firma Bermudas E. of Florida South is Terra del Fuogo S. of Terra Magellanica §. 3. Of PENINSULA's Europe Juitland adjacent to Germany Morea Greece Taurica Chersonesus Little Tartary Asia Peninsula Indiae intra Gangem the Continent of Asia extra Gangem the Continent Mallaca or Chersonese d'or Peninsula Indiae intra Gangem In Africa is none but Africa it self the W. of Asia America Mexico or North America South America Peru or South America North §. 4. Of ISTHMUS In Europe are the Isthmus of Corinth joining Morea to Greece Taurica Chersonesus Taurica Chersonesus to Little Tartary In Asia is the Isthmus of Malacca Malacca to Penins Indiae intra Gangem In Africa is the Isthmus of Swez Africa to Asia In America is the Isthmus of Panama Mexico and Peru. §. 5. Of PROMONTORIES or CAPES In Europe Cape Nord Extending from The Northmost part of Norway Cape la Hogue The N. of France The Lands-End The S. W. of England The Lizard The S. The Start The S. Cape de Finisterra The W. of Spain Cape de Rocca The W. Cape St. Vincent The W. Asia Cape Ningpo The E. of China Cape Comorin Penins Indiae inter Gangem Cape Razalgate S. E. part of Arabia Africa Cape Spartel The W. of Barbary Cape Verde The W. of Negroeland Cape of Good Hope The S. of Ethiopia exterior Cape of Guardifeu The N. E. part of Ethiopia exterior America Cape de Florida The S. of Florida Cape de Coriente The W. of New Spain Cape Froward The S. of Terra Magellanica Cape Hoorn The S. of Terra del Fuogo Cape de S. Augustine The E. of Brasil §. 6. Of MOUNTAINS Remarkable Mountains in Europe The Dolfrine Hills To be seen Between Sweden and Norway Boglowy In the Souther part of Moscovia Hyperborean Mountains In the Norther part The Sevennes In the South part of France Auvergne The Vauge In Lorraine Fitshtelberge In circulating Bohemia Schwartzwaldin In the S. of Germany viz. Suabia The Carpathean Mount In the South parts of Poland The Pyrenaean Hills Between Spain and France The Alps Between Italy and France Germany The Appenine Hills Dividing Italy into East West Vesuvius à Vulcano In the Kingdom of Naples Balkan In the N. of Macedon The Holy Mount In the E. of Macedon Lacha Between Thessaly and Macedon The Grampion Hills In Scotland viz. S. of the River Dee The Cheviot Hills Between Scotland and England Malvern Hills In England viz. Worcestershire The Peake In England viz. Darbyshire Snowdon In Wales viz. Carnarvenshire Plinlimmon In Wales viz. Cardiganshire Knock Patrick In Ireland viz. in the C. Limerick Stromboli à Vulcano In a little Island W. of Naples Aetna à Vulcano In the Island of Sicily Remarkable Mountains in Asia Imaus To be seen In Tartary Caucasus Between Tartary Mogul's Empire Sardonix On the N. of Penin intra Gangem Guaco In Peninsula Indiae intra Gangem Taurus reaching from E. to W. of all Asia Adam's Pike In the Island of Ceylon Africa Montes Lybici Between Zaara and Egypt Atlas In the W. of Barbary Bildulgerid Basili In the N. of the Abyssine Empire Amara Under the Eq. in the same Empire Montes Lunae Between Abyssine Empire Monomotapa Tenerife In the Island of Tenerife America The Apalachin Hills Between Florida Terra Canadensis The Andes In S. America running from S. to N §. 7. Of OCEANS Europ The Hyperborean Ocean Enclosing Europe in the North. The vast Western West Asia Tartarean Ocean Asia on the North. China East Indian South