Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	government_n	king_n	kingdom_n	6,632	5	5.9933	4	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A35762	A discription of Tangier, the country and people adjoyning with an account of the person and government of Gayland, the present usurper of the kingdome of Fez, and a short narrative of the proceedings of the English in those parts : whereunto is added, the copy of a letter from the King of Fez to the King of England, for assistance against his rebellious subjects, and another from Grayland to His Sacred Majesty Charles the Second : with divers letters and passages worthy of note / translated from the Spanish into English, and published by authority.	Charles I, King of England, 1600-1649.; Charles II, King of England, 1630-1685.; Ghaylān, Aḥmad al-Khāḍir ibn ʻAlī, d. 1673.; Teviot, Andrew Rutherford, Earl of, d. 1664.	1664 (1664)	Wing D1151; ESTC R12756	46,144	89

A Guyland alias GAYLAND the Present Vsurper of the kingdome of FEZ A DESCRIPTION OF TANGIER The Country and People adjoyning WITH An Account of the Person and Government OF GAYLAND The present Usurper of the Kingdome of FEZ And a short Narrative of the Proceedings of the English in those Parts Whereunto is added The Copy of a Letter from the King of FEZ to the King of ENGLAND for Assistance against his Rebellious Subjects And another from GAYLAND to his Sacred Majesty CHARLES the Second With divers Letters and Passages worthy of Note Translated from the Spanish into English And Published by Authority London Printed for Samuel Speed at the Rainbow in Fleet-street near the Inner Temple-Gate 1664. of Affrica and America where an Acre of Ground is a Barony and a Rood a Dutchy as yeilding that Wealth with a few weeks pains that cannot be 〈…〉 for 〈◊〉 Ages Industry 3. Because this place and the Country round about is like to be that Renowned Scoene of Action which will render us considerable in this last Age to the world The French do intend to make themselves famous for seeking out a convenient footing in this Country no doubt but we shall be so for keeping ours It is a pleasure to go over his Majesties Dominions at home in Cambden Speed c. O what satisfaction is it then to go along with his Acquists and travel with his Conquests abroad to see how carefully he provides for Trade how providently he secures the Sea how zealously he promotes our interest and honour Here you will see First the situation improvement strength and advantages of Tangier that hath within 100 years cost 20 millions of money and the lives of one million of men Secondly the nature of the Country round about it Thirdly the Government of it together with its ancient Kings before this late Usurpation and their Correspondence Embassies and Letters to the Kings of England Fourthly the present Usurpation by Gayland whereunto is added a Discourse of his Person Government Revenue Discipline and Policy Fifthly the Transactions between him and the Earl of Tiveot in Barbary and his Sacred Majesty in England where are the Letters that passed between them concerning Peace and Accommodation And Sixthly here is the humour and temper of those people with whom we have to do there together with their Customes and Manners There have been whole Volumes written of this Place as 1. That of Hanno a MS. that was preserved for no less then 1400 years and an hundred years ago printed by the Noble Stephanus 2. That of Alcazar kept now in the Tower of Tetuan And 3. That of Leo Affricanus written by him as he travelled that Country in the Hegeira 953 and in the year of our Lord 1528 and translated into English by Mr. Robert Pary of Cambridge in the year 1600. And 4. That of Abaf●i vel Mammuled whereof there are but two Copies now in the World one is kept by the Governour of Morocco and the other by the Grand Seignior it being death for any Man to take a Map of that Country without their leave But I have not observed so much satisfaction within so narrow a compass so many particulars in so little a Volume in my life especially considering that the Book is an outlandish one and the Author a Spanyard then whom none go a greater way about either to do what they say or to say what they see You are to take notice that the Geography and History are Translated by one hand and the Letters by another but both very exactly compared with the Original and transmitted to the world upon the Faith and Honour of very ingenious persons Here is in the Original an exact Account of the whole Kingdome as to all the remarkable particulars in it but we thought fit onely to take its general Delineations together with its chief Ports and Towns and the places nearest Tangier as most peculiarly concerning us whether as we possess that place or trade that way I will adde no more but that I must needs think that we are very happy now adays since Printing is so much improved that the meanest person need bestow no more pains then a few hours reading to take that view of the world which hath cost others many years travelling And that my Lord Rutherford Earl of Tiveot communicated to a Friend of his a little before his going over the last time his Designe of either publishing a new Description of that Country or Translating this or compleating Leo Affricanus We can do no more then perform the second wishing heartily that so knowing so observing and so publick-spirited a Person had lived to have done the first A DESCRIPTION OF TANGIER TANGIER or Tangis is one of the greatest and the very antientest City in Fez. Great it s now thrice as great say the most skilful Surveyors it hath been so antient that we find it was built by those Canaanites fled from the face of Josuah there being an Inscription left and two Pillars whereon it is engraven to this purpose Nos fugimus a facie Josuae praedonis filii Nave that is to say We here are the Inhabitants of the Land of Canaan that fled before the face of Josuah the Son of Nun. We have heard much of Hercules his Pillars but here one of them is to be seen on a Hill within seven Miles of the place as the other is over against it in Spain for here Hercules is reported to have slain the Gyant Anteus that the oftner he fell the oftner he rose again and could never be Conquered as long as he could touch his Mother Earth So considerable is this place that Claudius and other brave Romans drew here many Legions that they lost before the place which they at last gained and gave a new Name viz. Julia T●aducta yet in spite of that Fa●e that devolved the World upon that great City t is Corner of it returned at once to its old Liberty and antient Name that it retains unto this day When the Romans could do no good the ingenuous Portuguez guessing there was a shorter Cut that way than that which they knew formerly to the Indies and yet that that Cut could not be securely passed without an interest and hold in that Country Vasquez Gama attempts the Expedition 1497. and with so much success that he found the Streights of Gibralta but lived not either to instruct or encourage others to make use of or improve his noble discovery Yet he found the Continent large the Sea Towns strong the Inhabitants numerous and breaking in to some Sea Ports spoyled them until he came to the Atlantique where he dyed None could second him but a Prince and Henry Duke of Visco doth it as far as his Estate or Credit goeth he consults the experience of all the Sea Commanders sends for the Astronomers and Navigators peruseth all the Cosmography that was then in the World he sets out and is tossed along

10000. of them shall hide themselves in the Sand so as that you may go over them and not discover them 23. He armes his choice men very well that they may survive his Encounters to a considerable Skill Experience and Considence which if his men were cut off in every occasion fresh-water-Souldiers are not capable of And besides being so armed he ordereth them not to Charge until they come within Execution of the Enemy which they will do manfully bearing up against his Charges to his very face The Proceedings of the English at Tangier since they possessed it and were opposed by the Vsurper Gayland AMong the many great Benefits we proposed to our selves by our Alliance with Portugal this is not the least that we might enjoy a secure and free Trade in Africa and America those Treasures of the Universe In order to which end we had in the year 1661. the antient City of Tangier delivered to us a place where we might in our Traffick that way both refresh and secure our selves and give Law to others And no sooner was it delivered to us than the Right Honourable the Earl of Peterborough Listed 1000. Foot and 300. Horse the last in Southwark the first in Black-Heath to possess and secure it His Officers were Captain Levet Captain Mordant Captain Blake Captain Anesley Captain Belletore Captain Clerk Captain Fairborn Captain Colls Captain Car Captain Nerve Major Johnson and Lieutenant Collonel Sir James Snith And as his Lordship prepared himself for the Government of it from hence so the Right Honourable the Earl of Sandwich went thither October in the same year where he found strong Fortifications many fair Gardens and so well situated that no Ship can pass in or out of the Streights but Ships as ride there may see and speak with them and that the Portuguez were very civil to the English and made great expressions of their welcome And thereupon in December following the aforesaid Honourable Lord addressed himself for his Charge I mean the Command of Tangier which we found situated strongly on the side of a Hill having one Gate only to the water side and Land-ward four Gates one within the other and a great many good brass Canons were mounted on the Walls of it and in the middle of it we saw a Fountain of Water that continually runneth with a very full stream that conveyeth it self under the Town December 9. 1661. The English and Irish Forces were embarqued in several Vessels according to my Lord Rutherfords order from Dunkirk to Tangier never any Souldiers were shipped to foreign service more willingly never any carried more resolutely the number 3200. old Souldiers the Commanders Col. Fitz-Gerard Col. Farrel Sir Robert Horley L. C Kingwell Major Fiernes Captain Summers Captain Flord Captain Herbert Captain Emerson Captain Brooks No sooner was my Lord upon the place than he setled a very fair Correspondence with the Portuguez and Moors there upon the old Portugal terms until he could be able to procure himself better so that we had the Accommodations of that Place upon as good Conditions as we could wish In the mean time our works went on our Souldiers were inured to the Country we were better acquainted with the humour and interest of the People and in a word had exacter Observation of our Advantages in order to a further settlement April 11. 1663. The Moors had a Design of drawing upon Tangier whereof his Excellency having Intelligence by the Arabian Spies he employed to that purpose drew up a Regiment of Foot and a Troop of Horse but being not willing to spend any of his own men upon the Barbarians he sent out some Moors who had heretofore revolted and come in and have been many wayes useful and serviceable to us who accordingly being horsed encountred with a Party of the Enemy in the sight of the Town and wounded the Shots Son one of the principal Persons of the Country of which wounds he is since dead and his loss is much lamented by the Infidels In revenge whereof as we conjecture five dayes after a considerable Party came within our Trench and one of their chief Captains was killed by our Artillery These little Braveries prejudice them more than they can annoy us who can look on until the Country is harassed and ruined with Poverty Hunger and Sickness The Moors will be necessitated in all probability ere long to a better Complyance with Tangier already many of them did run over to us with Horses and Cattel so that fresh Provisions were no varieties and upon the whole matter our condition was much another thing than it was when we first setled there Health Plenty Trade Security and good Government having put us into a very setled Condition and his Excellency the Lord Peterborough having so well and happily setled all the Concernments to the honour and advantage of his Majesty then ready by his Majesties grace and favour to return into England and put the City into his Successors hands having payed off all Arrears and filled up all Stores and Ammunitions And as an Argument of our Prosperity we had very good Correspondenee with Algier together with a resolution to continue in Amity with us they of Sallee likewise desire a good understanding with us Tangier rendring England much more considerable to Algier than it would be were this Garrison in other hands The Works were strengthned by the same Noble Lord the Garrison enlarged the Quarters were disposed the Rate of Victualls was setled the Guards were ordered and 5. Mile round clearly gained But the Earl of Tiveot arriving there began a little stone Redoubt which we perfected without any opposition from the Enemy also we made Entrenchments and Lines of Communication from place to place insomuch that a great deal of ground was left free to us to feed our Cattel in safety Thursday the 4th of June we began another Redoubt on the top of the hill which overlooketh the Town to the very Ports thereof at the same time we made Retrenchments beyond the hill that we might not be surprised nor our works molested Gayland hearing of the consequence of this Redoubt and of our dayly Retrenching assembled his Army consisting of 4000 Horse and 20000 Foot and Encamps within a league of the Town Two fugitives one after another brought us news that he resolved to attaque our works Upon Sunday morning we divided our Retrenchments into three Posts whereof Col. Fitz-Gerard and his Regiment was to maintain that near the Sea on the East Col. Norwood with half the Governours Regiments the middle Post wherein lay the new great Redoubt L. C. Knightley with the other half of the said Regiment where the little Redoubts were on the right hand Col. Bridges with the Horse in the middest of all to give succour as need should require and repell the Enemy if they entred our works Col. Alsop the Town Major still visiting the posts The outmost lines of all for favouring the

mince as they go how they paint their eyes and eye-brows and gild their nails Thus are they attired a man would now know how they are disposed Very idle I told you they are and what usually follows upon that very quarrelsome nothing more usual among them then deadly feuds 1000 against ●000 one Tribe as it were against another which nothing can compose but a forreign Enemy against whom their very hatred unites them more effectually then their love could do among themselves Yet I must say this for them Though they are the worst Enemies yet they are very good Friends i. e. very civil for let a stranger travel amongst them and come into town they will throw Dice who shall entertain him If the Pilgrim saith be will to his Inne thither they flock to him with their gifts and their presents if he is not provided then say they This mans house is yours Their reason for it they will give you Abraham entertained strangers and thereby angels unawares we are so journers as all our fathers were You would ask What is their Religion what is their Language I answer For their Religion in the uttermost parts of it it 's Heathenish and all that we ever observed them do was crossing their foreheads kissing their hands bowing their heads to the Sun and once a year offering a Kid once a month meeting at their Groves for these Heathens think it not fit to circumscribe any thing that hath the name of a god within any compass but that Heaven they say he dwells in But most of them are Turks and though that Countrey hath been most famous of old for the Studies of Mathematicks and Philosophy those great Philosophers Avicenna Averroes those ingenious Poets Terrence Apuleias those holy Fathers Cyprian Tertullian Lactantius Victor Fulgentius and as famous for the excellent Library in Fez wherein there were 4000 Volumes of History 2000 of Philosophy 3000 of Astronomy Geography and other Mathematicks that were more worth then all the Libraries in the world which that Tyrant made up of ignorance and fury Maleche Shegge destroyed all but two Books whereof the one was an ancient Book of the Mysteries of Mahomets Religion and Government and the other the State of Europe yet now is it but the seat of Barbarism and the habitation of gross ignorance in every thing but as you may read more anon in Mechanicks The Bishop of Dunkelden thanked God he knew not a Letter either in the Old Testament or the New but that he had his Proless and Ladies Psalter by heart The very Priest here pretendeth to no more skill then so much Chyrurgery as may serve him to circumcise a Childe and so much Divinity as may serve him to read his Alcoran or Testament It was dangerous to understand Greek and Heresie to profess Hebrew in this Land some two hundred years ago it may cost a man his life there to be wise above the age for that they call conjuring against the King But Cities are the Maps of Countries and Metropolis of Kingdomes as therefore he who would look into the nature of England had best take a Survey of London so he that would be satisfied about this Kingdome needs no more but look into Fez and Tituan whose Descriptions follow Of the Cities FEZ and TITUAN Of the Innes and Mills of Fez. THe Innes of this City are three stories high and contain an hundred and twenty or more Chambers a piece and are almost unparallelled for greatness of Buildings Herein also are Mills in four hundred places at least every Mill standeth in a large Room upon some strong Pillar or Post like unto our Horse-Mills A Description of the Occupations the Shops and the Market EAch Trade and Occupation hath a peculiar place allotted thereto the principal whereof are next unto the great Temple Then follow the Butchers Shambles next the Course-cloath-market afterwards the Shops of them that scowre Armours next unto them the Fishmongers then follow them that make hard Reed-Coops and Cages for Fowles Then the Shops of them that sell liquid Sope the Shops of them that sell Meal albeit they are diversly dispersed throughout the whole City Next are Seed-grain-sellers next to them are the ten Shops that sell straw then the Markers where thred and hemp use to be sold Next to the smoaky Place in the West part which stretcheth from the Temple to that Gate that leadeth unto Mecnase their habitations directly stand that make Leather-tankards to draw water out of Wells Unto these adjoyn such as make Wicker Vessels next to them are the Taylors shops then the Leather-shield-makers then the twenty shops of the Laundresses or Washers Next unto them are those that make trees for Sadles who dwell likewise in great number Eastward right in the way by the Colledge founded by King Abuhinam Next unto them are those that work Stirrops Spurs and Bridles From thence you may go into the streets of Sadlers then follow the long shops of them that make Pikes and Launces all the which shops begin at the great Temple Next standeth a Rock or Mound having two Walks thereupon the one whereof leadeth to the East-gate and the other to one of the Kings Palaces The Station or Burse of Merchants THis Burse being walled round about hath twelve Gates and before every Gate an Iron Chain which Burse is divided into twelve several Wards or Parts two whereof are allotted unto such shooe-makers as make shooes onely for Noblemen and Gentlemen two also to Silk-merchants or Haberdashers that sell Ribbons Garters Scarffs and such other like Ornaments Then follow those that make Womens Girdles of course VVool. Next unto these are such as sell VVoollen and Linen-cloth brought out of Europe Then may you come to them that sell Mats Matresses Cushions and other things made of Leather Next adjoyneth the Customers Office Next of all dwell the Taylors then the Linen-Drapers who are accounted the richest Merchants in all Fez. Next are VVoollen Garments to be sold Last of all is that place where they sell wrought shirts towels and other embroydered works as also where Carpets Beds and Blankets are to be sold The aforesaid Burse or Station of Merchants was in times past called Caesaria according to the Name of that renowned Conquerour Julius Caesar the reason whereof some affirm to be because all the Cities of Barbary in those days were first subject to the Romans and then to the Goths Next unto the said Burse on the North-side in a straight Lane stand an hundred and fifty Grocers and Apothecaries shops which are fortified on both sides with strong Gates The Physitians houses adjoyn for the most part unto the Apothecaries Then the Artificers that make Combs of Box and other Wood. Eastward of the Apothecaries dwell the Needle-makers Then follow those that turn Ivory Unto them adjoyn such as sell Meal Sope and Brooms whereof some are dispersed in other places of the City Amongst the Cotten-Merchants are certain that sell