Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	france_n	king_n	prisoner_n	4,350	5	8.4560	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A55606	A vindication of monarchy and the government long established in the Church and Kingdome of England against the pernicious assertions and tumultuous practices of the innovators during the last Parliament in the reign of Charles the I / written by Sir Robert Poyntz, Knight of the Bath.	Poyntz, Robert, Sir, 1589?-1665.	1661 (1661)	Wing P3134; ESTC R3249	140,182	162

quorum_fw-la commercium_fw-la nullum_fw-la est_fw-la sed_fw-la propriè_fw-la tamen_fw-la non_fw-la populus_fw-la alienatur_fw-la sed_fw-la jus_o perpetuum_fw-la eos_fw-la regendi_fw-la non_fw-la hominum_fw-la liberorum_fw-la fit_a alienatio_fw-la 3._o guide_n pap._n deciss_fw-la grot._n de_fw-fr jur_fw-fr belli_fw-la lib._n 1._o c._n 3._o sed_fw-la jus_o quod_fw-la in_o homines_fw-la competit_fw-la transcribitur_fw-la the_o province_n and_o city_n of_o france_n declare_v unto_o their_o king_n john_n prisoner_n in_o england_n to_o edward_n the_o three_o as_o do_v likewise_o those_o of_o gasconie_n when_o they_o be_v to_o be_v turn_v over_o to_o the_o allegiance_n of_o john_n of_o gaunt_n dominio_fw-la french_a invent._n paul_n aemilius_n baldus_n &_o chopin_n de_fw-fr dominio_fw-la that_o without_o their_o free_a consent_n be_v freeman_n bear_v and_o not_o slave_n they_o can_v not_o be_v make_v subject_n to_o another_o prince_n and_o thus_o when_o francis_n the_o first_o be_v press_v to_o the_o surrender_n of_o certain_a territory_n bodin_n bodin_n according_a to_o the_o agreement_n between_o he_o and_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o the_o court_n of_o parliament_n of_o paris_n do_v declare_v as_o before_o that_o the_o king_n can_v not_o do_v it_o regium_fw-la summumque_fw-la apud_fw-la gallos_n dominatum_fw-la regius_fw-la jura_fw-la minui_fw-la dividique_fw-la non_fw-la licere_fw-la non_fw-la posse_fw-la rex_fw-la johannis_n angliae_fw-la aut_fw-la alius_fw-la rex_fw-la alienatione_fw-la regnorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la vel_fw-la servitute_fw-la imposita_fw-la non_fw-la possunt_fw-la jus_o posterorum_fw-la laedere_fw-la nee_n subditos_fw-la suos_fw-la ad_fw-la alterius_fw-la principis_fw-la obsequium_fw-la reducere_fw-la quae_fw-la natura_fw-la sva_fw-la dominio_fw-la nostro_fw-la exempta_fw-la sunt_fw-la 2._o institut_fw-la de_fw-fr inutil_fw-la stipulat_fw-la &_o 2._o in_fw-la obligationem_fw-la deduci_fw-la non_fw-la possunt_fw-la by_o this_o that_o have_v be_v say_v and_o by_o that_o which_o follow_v it_o will_v appear_v how_o absurd_o some_o man_n of_o more_o learning_n join_v with_o our_o adversary_n in_o affirm_v that_o the_o people_n have_v a_o original_a right_n in_o they_o to_o reform_v limit_n and_o remove_v their_o king_n and_o that_o although_o the_o regal_a power_n be_v settle_v in_o the_o stock_n &_o family_n yet_o so_o as_o the_o stock_n and_o lineage_n itself_o be_v only_o choose_v and_o not_o all_o and_o every_o branch_n to_o prove_v this_o wild_a chimaera_n some_o of_o their_o champion_n the_o better_a to_o make_v way_n for_o depose_v of_o prince_n bring_v divers_a select_v place_n of_o scripture_n join_v unto_o they_o strange_a and_o false_a inserence_n and_o interpretation_n with_o as_o feeble_a argument_n deduce_v rather_o to_o prove_v themselves_o seeds-man_n of_o sedition_n then_o sincere_a patron_n for_o the_o people_n liberty_n they_o regard_v not_o their_o often_o be_v learned_o confute_v but_o still_o they_o will_v go_v on_o with_o argument_n draw_v à_fw-la facto_fw-la ad_fw-la jus_o à_fw-la dicto_fw-la secundum_fw-la quid_fw-la ad_fw-la dictum_fw-la simpliciter_fw-la raise_v general_a conclusion_n draw_v from_o some_o singular_a and_o extraordinary_a example_n not_o warrantable_a for_o our_o imitation_n although_o serve_v excellent_o for_o our_o instruction_n it_o be_v never_o find_v in_o any_o author_n nor_o hear_v of_o till_o of_o late_a that_o any_o people_n do_v choose_v a_o king_n and_o his_o lineage_n and_o race_n to_o rule_v over_o they_o and_o do_v or_o can_v reserve_v power_n to_o themselves_o to_o take_v or_o resuse_v such_o of_o his_o posterity_n and_o race_n as_o they_o please_v at_o any_o time_n without_o any_o mention_n of_o original_a right_n or_o reservation_n of_o power_n in_o the_o people_n the_o wife_n man_n say_v that_o power_n be_v give_v unto_o king_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o sovereignty_n from_o the_o high_a 6._o book_n of_o wisdom_n cap._n 6._o who_o will_v try_v their_o work_n and_o search_v out_o their_o counsel_n and_o another_o man_n of_o much_o prudence_n and_o a_o great_a favorour_n of_o the_o people_n right_n and_o liberty_n say_v that_o god_n have_v therefore_o reserve_v king_n for_o the_o great_a punishment_n because_o none_o in_o earth_n have_v power_n over_o they_o commines_fw-la commines_fw-la we_o find_v in_o our_o ancient_a law-book_n britton_n and_o bracton_n king_n our_o most_o ancient_a justice_n bracton_n say_v nemo_fw-la regi_fw-la recessitatem_fw-la impo●ere_fw-la potest_fw-la cum_fw-la superiorem_fw-la non_fw-la habra●_n nist_n deum_n &_o satis_fw-la ei_fw-la erst_o ad_fw-la paenam_fw-la quod_fw-la dominum_fw-la expeciat_fw-la ultorem_fw-la tacitus_n john_n bede_n of_o the_o right_n of_o king_n that_o the_o king_n jurisdiction_n be_v above_o all_o jurisdiction_n and_o that_o from_o he_o all_o be_v derive_v and_o so_o say_v the_o civil_a lawyer_n omnis_fw-la jurisdictio_fw-la vel_fw-la principis_fw-la esse_fw-la vel_fw-la à_fw-la principe_fw-la manasse_n it_o do_v not_o help_v our_o adversary_n their_o affirm_v that_o prince_n be_v appoint_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o people_n which_o be_v true_a neither_o their_o dispute_v whether_o a_o kingdom_n be_v haereditas_fw-la jus_o sunclio_fw-it of_o it_o possessio_fw-la and_o a_o king_n be_v proprietarius_fw-la or_o usufrucluarius_fw-la only_o these_o busy_a questionist_n serve_v to_o perplex_v man_n judgement_n and_o to_o pervert_v the_o truth_n and_o be_v man_n novandis_fw-la rebus_fw-la quam_fw-la gerendis_fw-la aptiores_fw-la king_n be_v for_o the_o people_n as_o the_o soul_n be_v create_v for_o the_o body_n and_o the_o head_n for_o the_o member_n to_o wit_n in_o a_o superior_a degree_n to_o command_v but_o never_o to_o set_v the_o foot_n or_o the_o member_n above_o the_o head_n king_n be_v ancient_o call_v pastor_n populi_n the_o father_n and_o husband_n of_o their_o country_n pater_fw-la urbisque_fw-la maritus_fw-la romulus_n rex_fw-la parensque_fw-la vrbis_fw-la romanae_fw-la jur._n lucan_n livius_n l._n 62._o f._n the_o regul_n jur._n it_o be_v certain_a that_o king_n have_v a_o good_a estate_n of_o inheritance_n haeredit_n as_o est_fw-la successio_fw-la in_o universum_fw-la jus_o quod_fw-la defunctus_fw-la habuit_fw-la and_o how_o can_v this_o be_v deny_v of_o a_o lawful_a successor_n in_o a_o hereditary_a kingdom_n ad_fw-la millesimum_fw-la gradum_fw-la extenditur_fw-la regni_fw-la successio_fw-la 7._o baldus_n &_o alii_fw-la grot._fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la belli_fw-la lib._n 2._o c._n 7._o &_o in_o regno_fw-la successivo_fw-la repraesentationi_fw-la locus_fw-la est_fw-la in_o infinitum_fw-la in_o regnorum_fw-la successione_n distingui_fw-la debent_fw-la regna_fw-la quae_fw-la pleno_fw-la modo_fw-la possidentur_fw-la &_o in_fw-la patrimonio_fw-la sunt_fw-la ab_fw-la his_fw-la quae_fw-la modum_fw-la habendi_fw-la accipiunt_fw-la ex_fw-la populi_n consensu_fw-la this_o royal_a succession_n do_v differ_v from_o private_a man_n succession_n neither_o be_v it_o rule_v by_o the_o subtlety_n and_o nice_a distinction_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n or_o the_o law_n of_o the_o fende_v neither_o by_o the_o municipal_a law_n and_o custom_n in_o several_a country_n which_o concern_v private_a man_n inheritance_n and_o succession_n for_o as_o be_v say_v before_o quae_fw-la sunt_fw-la publici_fw-la juris_fw-la &_o coronae_fw-la separatam_fw-la habent_fw-la à_fw-la jure_fw-la privato_fw-la causam_fw-la &_o rationem_fw-la alii_fw-la bartol_n &_o alii_fw-la the_o interpreter_n of_o the_o law_n agree_v that_o the_o law_n julia_n and_o papia_n touch_v the_o estate_n and_o inheritance_n of_o man_n do_v not_o extend_v unto_o king_n 3._o l._n 3._o cod._n de_fw-fr testament_n &_o cujae_n ad_fw-la dict_z tu._n nevel_n 105_o in_o fine_a &_o gothof_n ad_fw-la dict_z do_fw-mi 105_o dict_z l._n 3._o c._n the_o test●●ment_n l._n 23._o f._n the_o leg_n ill_n 3._o although_o the_o word_n be_v general_a which_o in_o law_n and_o statute_n sell_v doom_n or_o never_o do_v reach_v unto_o king_n princeps_fw-la legibus_fw-la solutus_fw-la est_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la lege_fw-la julia_n &_o papia_n non_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la legibus_fw-la lex_fw-la imperii_fw-la solennibus_fw-la juris_fw-la imperatorem_fw-la solverit_fw-la omnibus_fw-la autem_fw-la à_fw-la nobis_fw-la dictis_fw-la imperatoris_fw-la excipiatur_fw-la fortuna_fw-la fruitur_fw-la princeps_fw-la singularibus_fw-la privilegiis_fw-la licet_fw-la in_o multis_fw-la casibus_fw-la codem_fw-la cum_fw-la caeteris_fw-la jureutatur_fw-la nihil_fw-la tam_fw-la proprium_fw-la imperii_fw-la est_fw-la quàm_fw-la legibus_fw-la vivere_fw-la decet_fw-la enim_fw-la tantae_fw-la majestatis_fw-la eas_fw-la seruare_fw-la leges_fw-la quibus_fw-la ipse_fw-la solutus_fw-la esse_fw-la videtur_fw-la alii_fw-la bald._n &_o alii_fw-la the_o most_o learned_a affirm_v regnum_fw-la non_fw-la assimulari_fw-la simplici_fw-la deminio_fw-la ut_fw-la pater_fw-la ex_fw-la jure_fw-la transmittendi_fw-la regnum_fw-la ad_fw-la liberos_fw-la jure_fw-la successionis_fw-la regiae_n and_o that_o do_v so_o appear_v by_o many_o singular_a right_n that_o there_o do_v competere_fw-la regi_fw-la universale_fw-la dominium_fw-la terrae_fw-la which_o right_n be_v the_o mark_n of_o universal_a dominion_n and_o do_v spring_v up_o with_o the_o erect_n of_o kingdom_n without_o any_o concession_n of_o the_o people_n or_o any_o other_o although_o at_o the_o first_o the_o people_n do_v elect_v their_o king_n regi_fw-la competere_fw-la universale_fw-la dominium_fw-la terrae_fw-la regis_fw-la exit_fw-la libro_fw-la jacobi_n regis_fw-la

a_o long_a time_n the_o king_n that_o there_o be_v great_a danger_n they_o will_v have_v raise_v a_o aristocracy_n or_o several_a petty_a principality_n so_o lofty_a be_v their_o carriage_n towards_o their_o king_n which_o in_o time_n will_v have_v strangle_v the_o monarchy_n and_o all_o under_o the_o pretence_n of_o the_o public_a good_a which_o draw_v on_o that_o long_a and_o destructive_a war_n call_v the_o baron_n war_n and_o make_v it_o the_o more_o plausible_a and_o popular_a after_o these_o combustion_n end_v and_o the_o king_n the_o lord_n and_o people_n be_v reduce_v to_o reason_n and_o moderation_n which_o often_o be_v want_v on_o both_o side_n then_o the_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o edward_n the_o second_o have_v these_o word_n statute_n make_v by_o the_o king_n in_o parliament_n at_o the_o request_n and_o petition_n of_o the_o commenalty_n with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o prelate_n and_o pear_n and_o so_o in_o the_o five_o year_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o at_o the_o instance_n and_o special_a request_n of_o the_o commons_o with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o prelate_n and_o peer_n we_o have_v ordain_v and_o establish_v and_o so_o in_o the_o succeed_a reign_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o and_o in_o the_o first_o of_o henry_n the_o four_o thus_o do_v the_o force_n and_o efficacy_n of_o our_o law_n proceed_v from_o the_o king_n legislative_a power_n act_v by_o and_o with_o the_o concurrence_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n in_o parliament_n contribute_v their_o assistance_n according_a to_o their_o respective_a duty_n and_o the_o trust_v repose_v on_o they_o this_o concurrence_n do_v serve_v excellent_o for_o the_o direction_n regulation_n and_o in_o some_o respect_n for_o the_o qualification_n not_o for_o the_o diminution_n but_o for_o the_o support_n of_o the_o king_n power_n and_o right_n the_o absoluteness_n and_o generality_n of_o this_o regal_a power_n be_v also_o in_o many_o case_n often_o restrain_v in_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n in_o the_o inferior_a court_n of_o justice_n by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n and_o by_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o other_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o the_o assistance_n and_o concurrence_n of_o all_o the_o estate_n in_o parliament_n can_v amount_v unto_o the_o raise_n of_o any_o coequality_n or_o competition_n of_o power_n the_o influence_n of_o the_o sovereign_a power_n be_v that_o which_o give_v life_n to_o the_o make_n and_o to_o the_o execution_n of_o all_o law_n both_o house_n of_o parliament_n act_v according_a to_o their_o duty_n and_o not_o exceed_v their_o bound_n the_o right_n and_o prerogative_n of_o the_o king_n be_v neither_o restrain_v nor_o obscure_v but_o guide_v strengthen_v and_o carry_v with_o great_a vigour_n and_o majesty_n for_o his_o and_o the_o people_n most_o good_a and_o security_n if_o our_o king_n have_v any_o copartner_n in_o the_o legislative_a power_n or_o be_v less_o in_o parliament_n then_o when_o they_o be_v out_o our_o judge_n have_v be_v much_o out_o and_o deceive_v he_o and_o other_o in_o affirm_v oftentimes_o to_o the_o king_n that_o in_o no_o time_n they_o be_v so_o high_a in_o their_o royal_a estate_n as_o when_o they_o sit_v in_o parliament_n the_o canon-lawyer_n say_v the_o pope_n be_v great_a when_o he_o sit_v in_o a_o general_n council_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o amplitude_n of_o knowledge_n and_o the_o spirit_n of_o discern_v after_o the_o roman_n have_v transfer_v all_o their_o supreme_a power_n to_o their_o emperor_n yet_o do_v the_o senate_n afterward_o make_v divers_a law_n call_v senatus_n consulta_fw-la which_o be_v often_o concomitant_a or_o subsequent_a to_o the_o imperial_a edict_n yet_o this_o be_v never_o hold_v to_o be_v a_o confer_v or_o communicate_v of_o any_o part_n of_o the_o legislative_a imperial_a power_n no_o otherwise_o the_o king_n of_o france_n do_v grant_v to_o the_o parliament_n of_o paris_n when_o their_o arrest_n concur_v with_o the_o king_n edict_n which_o be_v there_o usual_o ratify_v vult_fw-la cujacius_n &_o pet._n faber_n seme_a lib._n 1._o cap._n vult_fw-la optimi_fw-la principes_fw-la non_fw-la dabant_fw-la ullam_fw-la constitutionem_fw-la sine_fw-la authoritate_fw-la &_o sententia_fw-la jurisconsultorum_a &_o edicta_fw-la principum_fw-la romanorum_fw-la &_o sic_fw-la regum_fw-la galliae_fw-la plerumque_fw-la subsequebantur_fw-la senatus_n consulta_fw-la quod_fw-la principi_fw-la placuit_fw-la legis_fw-la habet_fw-la vigorem_fw-la leges_fw-la condere_fw-la soli_fw-la imperatori_fw-la concessum_fw-la est_fw-la &_o legis_fw-la interpretatio_fw-la solo_fw-la digna_fw-la imperio_fw-la est_fw-la imperator_fw-la solus_fw-la conditor_fw-la &_o interpres_fw-la legum_n est_fw-la imperator_n institut_fw-la &_o jura_n nat_n &_o gens_fw-la &_o lust_n cod._n de_fw-fr legibus_fw-la tit._n f._n de_fw-fr origine_fw-la juris_fw-la lib._n feud_n constitut_o lethaeri_n &_o fred._n imperator_n licet_fw-la augustus_n caesar_n constituit_fw-la viros_fw-la prudentes_fw-la ad_fw-la jus_o interpretandum_fw-la ut_fw-la major_n juris_fw-la authoritas_fw-la haberetur_fw-la the_o emperor_n since_o have_v make_v their_o law_n hortatu_fw-la &_o consilio_fw-la archiepiscoporum_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la ducum_fw-la marchionum_fw-la comitum_fw-la palatinorum_n caeterorumque_fw-la nobilium_fw-la &_o judicum_fw-la yet_o this_o be_v never_o hold_v to_o be_v a_o communicate_v of_o their_o legislative_a power_n long_o time_n in_o the_o french_a monarchy_n law_n and_o edict_n be_v make_v by_o the_o king_n &_o per_fw-la suum_fw-la magnum_fw-la concilium_fw-la as_o in_o england_n and_o so_o be_v cause_n civil_a criminal_a and_o fiscal_n determine_v and_o judge_v by_o our_o king_n or_o his_o council_n or_o by_o his_o delegated_a pour_z to_o other_o before_o the_o court_n be_v establish_v at_o westminster_n as_o appear_v by_o our_o history_n and_o record_n the_o three_o estate_n in_o france_n and_o spain_n do_v never_o in_o the_o former_a time_n when_o they_o be_v most_o in_o use_n and_o power_n challenge_v any_o part_n of_o the_o legislative_a power_n neither_o do_v their_o historian_n and_o lawyer_n ever_o grant_v it_o to_o be_v in_o they_o for_o aught_o appear_v bodin_n do_v acknowledge_v that_o in_o england_n the_o excellent_a institution_n and_o use_n of_o parliament_n have_v long_a continue_v repub._n de._n repub._n and_o say_v that_o legum_fw-la rogatio_fw-la &_o probatio_fw-la non_fw-la arguit_fw-la imperii_fw-la majestatem_fw-la licet_fw-la autoritatis_fw-la speciem_fw-la ordines_fw-la angliae_fw-la autoritatis_fw-la quaendam_fw-la habeant_fw-la jura_fw-la majestatis_fw-la &_o summum_fw-la imperium_fw-la est_fw-la in_o principe_fw-la and_o so_o a_o learned_a hollander_n 3._o grov_fw-mi de_fw-fr jure_fw-la belli_fw-la lib._n 1._o c._n 3._o no_o slatterer_n of_o monarchy_n say_v they_o be_v great_o deceive_v qui_fw-la existimant_fw-la cùm_fw-la reges_fw-la acta_fw-la quaedam_fw-la sva_fw-la nolunt_fw-la rata_fw-la esse_fw-la nisi_fw-la à_fw-la senatu_fw-la vel_fw-la alio_fw-la caetu_fw-la aliquo_fw-la probentur_fw-la legib_n l._n 8._o f._n de_fw-fr constitutionib_fw-la l_o 1._o cod._n de_fw-fr legib_n partitionem_fw-la fieri_fw-la potestatis_fw-la the_o supreme_a senate_n be_v as_o the_o emperor_n in_o the_o golden_a bull_n call_v the_o prince_n elector_n partem_fw-la corporissui_fw-la columnas_fw-la &_o latera_fw-la solidacque_fw-la imperii_fw-la base_n jus_o dandi_fw-la suffragii_fw-la in_o comitiis_fw-la imperii_fw-la germanici_fw-la non_fw-la trahit_fw-la secum_fw-la majestatis_fw-la communicationem_fw-la cum_fw-la majest_n as_o indivisibilis_fw-la sit_fw-la nec_fw-la electoribus_fw-la principibus_fw-la aut_fw-la statibus_fw-la imperii_fw-la communicari_fw-la poterit_fw-la tamen_fw-la nihil_fw-la majestati_fw-la detrahitur_fw-la si_fw-la in_o partem_fw-la solicitudinis_fw-la imperatoris_fw-la invocentur_fw-la exemplo_fw-la veterum_fw-la imperatorum_fw-la romanorum_fw-la qui_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la habuerint_fw-la summam_fw-la potestatem_fw-la ut_fw-la quodcunque_fw-la imperator_fw-la edicto_fw-la statuit_fw-la legis_fw-la habebat_fw-la vigorem_fw-la nihil_fw-la tamen_fw-la magni_fw-la ponderis_fw-la sine_fw-la consilio_fw-la &_o consensu_fw-la senatus_n expediebant_fw-la legibus_fw-la expediebant_fw-la arumn_n ad_fw-la aur_fw-it bull_n non_fw-la obstat_fw-la quod_fw-la dicitur_fw-la in_o l._n 1._o f._n de_fw-fr constitutionibus_fw-la quod_fw-la principi_fw-la placuit_fw-la legis_fw-la habet_fw-la vigorem_fw-la quia_fw-la sequitur_fw-la in_o sine_fw-la legis_fw-la non_fw-la quiequid_fw-la de_fw-fr voluntate_fw-la presumptum_fw-la est_fw-la sed_fw-la qùod_fw-la concillo_fw-la magistratum_fw-la suerum_fw-la rege_fw-la au●●ritatem_fw-la praestante_fw-la &_o habita_fw-la super_fw-la hoc_fw-la deliberatione_n &_o tractatu_fw-la recle_fw-mi fuerit_fw-la definitum_fw-la bracton_n &_o fleta_n l._n 8._o cod_n de_fw-fr legibus_fw-la bartolus_n &_o all_o l._n 1._o f._n de_fw-fr legibus_fw-la moreover_o long_o before_o the_o empire_n be_v establish_v in_o germany_n when_o the_o roman_a emperor_n grant_v unto_o diverse_a prince_n and_o state_n of_o the_o empire_n that_o without_o they_o and_o that_o form_n by_o he_o prescribe_v law_n shall_v not_o be_v make_v or_o hold_v effectual_a nisi_fw-la supradictà_fw-la formà_fw-la observatà_fw-la ita_fw-la ut_fw-la universorum_fw-la consensus_fw-la nostrae_fw-la serenitatis_fw-la autoritate_fw-la firmetur_fw-la etc._n etc._n it_o be_v never_o hold_v by_o the_o interpreter_n of_o the_o law_n that_o the_o emperor_n do_v or_o can_v by_o his_o grant_n