the_o nature_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o people_n or_o whether_o they_o will_v breed_v any_o inconvenience_n or_o no_o but_o a_o custom_n never_o bind_v till_o it_o have_v be_v try_v and_o approve_a time_n out_o of_o mind_n during_o which_o no_o inconvenience_n do_v arise_v for_o if_o it_o have_v be_v find_v inconvenient_a it_o have_v be_v use_v no_o long_o but_o have_v be_v interrupt_v and_o so_o have_v lose_v the_o virtue_n of_o a_o law_n this_o be_v declare_v to_o be_v so_o by_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o parliament_n in_o the_o 25_o year_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o which_o i_o shall_v cite_v below_o and_o if_o the_o judgement_n and_o declaration_n of_o parliament_n be_v not_o regard_v i_o know_v not_o what_o can_v give_v satisfaction_n c._n satisfaction_n vid._n 3._o c._n ancient_a liberty_n and_o custom_n which_o have_v be_v usitatae_fw-la &_o approbatae_fw-la use_v and_o approve_v mert._n approve_v c._n 9_o stat._n mert._n make_v the_o common_a law_n the_o 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and_o child_n body_n life_n and_o fame_n also_o 56._o also_o 1_o just_a 142_o 2_o just_o 56._o that_o which_o be_v call_v common_a right_n in_o the_o second_o of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o 8._o three_o c._n 8._o in_o the_o first_o of_o that_o king_n 14._o king_n c._n 14._o be_v call_v common_a law_n not_o only_o as_o fortescue_n do_v the_o law_n of_o england_n favour_n liberty_n 42._o liberty_n c._n 42._o but_o they_o be_v notion_v by_o the_o word_n the_o word_n liberty_n in_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la signify_v the_o law_n 1.29_o law_n c._n 1.29_o and_o in_o that_o respect_n be_v the_o great_a charter_n call_v the_o charter_n of_o the_o liberty_n 47_o liberty_n 2_o just_o 47_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr tallagio_n non_fw-la concedendo_fw-la have_v these_o word_n that_o all_o the_o clerk_n and_o layman_n of_o our_o realm_n have_v all_o their_o law_n liberty_n and_o free_a custom_n etc._n etc._n 4._o etc._n c._n 4._o in_o the_o 38_o of_o edward_n the_o three_o the_o law_n be_v call_v franchise_n in_o the_o old_a book_n the_o great_a charter_n the_o fountain_n of_o all_o our_o 81._o our_o just_a 81._o foundamentall_a law_n be_v call_v the_o charter_n of_o franchise_n the_o common_a liberty_n the_o liberty_n of_o england_n 178_o england_n bract._n 291_o 414._o pleta_n l._n 2._o c._n 48_o brit._n 178_o because_o so_o the_o lord_n cook_n they_o make_v frecman_n 1_o frecman_n 1_o jnst_n 1_o the_o custom_n of_o england_n bring_v a_o freedom_n with_o they_o therefore_o in_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v they_o call_v free_a custom_n 29._o custom_n 2_o just_o 47._o mag._n char._n c._n 29._o the_o court_n of_o justice_n be_v also_o call_v liberty_n because_o in_o they_o as_o the_o same_o book_n the_o law_n which_o make_v freeman_n be_v administer_v 4._o administer_v mich._n 17._o epist_n 1._o in_o come_v berot_n 221._o 2._o 2_o jnst_n 4._o the_o law_n than_o be_v liberty_n itself_o liberty_n and_o law_n be_v convertible_a nor_o be_v this_o liberty_n titular_a only_o and_o a_o liberty_n of_o word_n in_o the_o expression_n of_o the_o petition_n of_o right_n out_o of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cite_v in_o the_o first_o chapter_n and_o out_o of_o the_o 28_o of_o edward_n the_o three_o no_o free_a man_n shall_v be_v take_v imprison_v or_o decease_a &c._n &c._n but_o by_o lawful_a judgement_n or_o by_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o no_o man_n of_o what_o estate_n or_o condition_n soever_o shall_v be_v put_v out_o of_o his_o land_n or_o tenement_n nor_o take_v imprison_a nor_o disherited_n nor_o bring_v to_o death_n without_o be_v bring_v to_o answer_v by_o due_a process_n of_o law_n which_o be_v as_o after_o in_o that_o petition_n of_o right_a either_o custom_n of_o england_n or_o act_n of_o parliament_n reg_n parliament_n 3_o car._n reg_n
the_o giver_n name_n call_v the_o law_n of_o hael_n dha_n further_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o who_o total_o subdue_v wales_n in_o the_o statute_n call_v statutum_n walliae_n where_o he_o change_v many_o of_o their_o old_a law_n by_o his_o word_n there_o make_v it_o clear_a that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n and_o of_o wales_n can_v not_o be_v the_o same_o for_o so_o there_o have_v be_v no_o change_n the_o word_n be_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o those_o part_n hitherto_o use_v we_o have_v cause_v to_o be_v recite_v before_o we_o and_o the_o baron_n of_o our_o realm_n which_o have_v diligent_o hear_v and_o full_o understand_v as_o it_o be_v fit_a be_v law_n worse_o than_o those_o there_o shall_v be_v full_a understanding_n ere_o a_o change_n certain_a of_o they_o by_o the_o counsel_n of_o our_o baron_n foresay_v we_o have_v blot_v out_o certain_z we_o have_v suffer_v and_o certain_a correct_v 1._o correct_v stat._n walliae_n or_o of_o rutl._n 22_o e._n 1._o perhaps_o it_o be_v not_o think_v fit_a after_o a_o new_a conquest_n to_o make_v a_o thorough_a alteration_n of_o thing_n too_o sudden_o yet_o be_v this_o a_o long_a statute_n and_o much_o of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n impose_v upon_o they_o by_o it_o the_o 27._o of_o king_n henry_n the_o 8._o sweep_v all_o clean_a that_o command_n that_o the_o law_n ordinance_n and_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n of_o england_n for_o ever_o and_o none_o othr_n law_n o_o rdinance_n nor_o statute_n shall_v be_v have_v use_v practise_v and_o execute_v in_o the_o say_a country_n and_o dominion_n of_o wales_n etc._n etc._n 26._o etc._n 27_o h._n 8._o c._n 26._o the_o saxon_n as_o m._n daniel_n make_v such_o a_o subversion_n of_o state_n as_o be_v seldom_o see_v the_o new_a retain_v nothing_o of_o the_o former_a which_o hold_v no_o other_o memory_n but_o that_o of_o its_o dissolution_n scarce_o a_o city_n dwelling_n river_n hill_n or_o mountain_n which_o change_v not_o name_n the_o distance_n make_v by_o the_o rage_n of_o 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of_o our_o quaint_a author_n have_v overcome_v greece_n in_o the_o grave_n be_v more_o fruitful_a in_o noble_a colony_n then_o her_o enemy_n so_o that_o it_o must_v be_v a_o very_a fair_a descent_n where_o the_o pedigree_n be_v bring_v down_o from_o old_a great_a troy_n as_o of_o old_a the_o greek_a law_n so_o since_o the_o german_a nation_n have_v overflow_v europe_n now_o be_v the_o german_a institution_n every_o where_o receive_v and_o in_o force_n say_v grotius_n 133._o grotius_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la belli_fw-la etc._n etc._n 133._o as_o the_o lombard_n burgundian_n frank_n swevian_o and_o vandal_n and_o other_o the_o brother_n and_o kinsman_n of_o the_o saxon_n seat_v themselves_o in_o italy_n france_n and_o spain_n and_o spread_v their_o law_n where_o they_o overran_a upon_o no_o other_o title_n but_o that_o of_o the_o sword_n so_o do_v the_o jute_n angles_n and_o saxon_n plant_v themselves_o and_o the_o custom_n of_o their_o first_o home_n here_o first_o as_o friend_n and_o ally_n invite_v in_o by_o the_o british_a king_n vortigen_n have_v land_n dwell_v place_n give_v they_o to_o fight_v for_o the_o country_n they_o make_v a_o league_n with_o the_o pict_n the_o public_a enemy_n destroy_v those_o who_o they_o be_v call_v in_o to_o protect_v in_o which_o manner_n they_o settle_v themselves_o leave_v none_o of_o those_o among_o they_o but_o such_o as_o be_v content_a with_o slavery_n their_o own_o countryman_n venerable_a bede_n bear_v 227._o year_n after_o their_o land_n tell_v we_o compare_v they_o to_o the_o chaldean_n who_o i_o choose_v to_o refer_v he_o to_o who_o will_v know_v more_o 59_o more_o bede_n hist_o l._n 1._o c._n 15._o p._n 59_o their_o law_n and_o language_n though_o themselves_o have_v suffer_v by_o their_o own_o blood_n by_o their_o fellow_n tribe_n the_o dane_n and_o norman_n some_o of_o those_o calamity_n which_o they_o make_v other_o feel_v where_o time_n and_o age_n and_o corruption_n gnaw_v to_o which_o all_o thing_n be_v subject_a have_v not_o make_v a_o little_a change_n continue_v in_o the_o main_a to_o this_o day_n these_o nation_n so_o pour_v out_o of_o germany_n retain_v the_o rite_n and_o term_n of_o their_o own_o country_n all_o of_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o tongue_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v as_o the_o most_o know_a 1._o know_a gloss_n 435._o col._n 1._o knight_n that_o there_o be_v so_o much_o consonancy_n betwixt_o we_o and_o the_o german_n french_a italian_n spaniard_n and_o sicilian_n both_o in_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o ancient_a law_n and_o in_o the_o name_n of_o magistrate_n officer_n and_o minister_n of_o state_n therefore_o as_o he_o go_v on_o let_v they_o brag_v that_o will_v of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o their_o municipal_a law_n their_o beginning_n can_v be_v have_v no_o where_o else_o germany_n it_o be_v mean_v be_v the_o common_a mother_n the_o term_n of_o art_n of_o some_o of_o these_o nation_n get_v as_o far_o as_o constantinople_n among_o the_o greek_n where_o we_o may_v find_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o captain_n from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o throng_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d he_o that_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n from_o buccella_fw-la a_o morsel_n buccellarius_fw-la be_v among_o the_o wise_a goth_n of_o spain_n thus_o use_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d homage_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v geld_v rend_v tribute_n etc._n etc._n from_o the_o saxon_a geld_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o bill_n schedule_n etc._n etc._n and_o many_o more_o which_o meursius_n in_o his_o graeco_n barbara_fw-la have_v collect_v the_o most_o ancient_a law_n of_o all_o these_o people_n be_v the_o shall_fw-mi law_n nay_o &_o of_o all_o law_n now_o compile_v obtain_v these_o and_o the_o frank_n who_o make_v they_o be_v of_o germany_n so_o name_v from_o the_o river_n sala_n in_o frankenland_n not_o from_o franiker_n as_o ortelius_n will_v have_v it_o they_o be_v make_v in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o pharamont_n king_n of_o the_o german_a frank_n 105_o 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nation_n 4.313_o nation_n boioar._n hist_o l._n 4.313_o of_o who_o and_o this_o law_n be_v say_v before_o what_o the_o best_a author_n write_v in_o the_o same_o salique_a law_n be_v many_o word_n use_v in_o we_o as_o campio_n forresta_n forrestarius_n sparuarius_n marcha_n veragelt_n which_o be_v our_o be_v gild_v etc._n etc._n these_o custom_n go_v with_o pharamont_n eight_o year_n after_o into_o france_n then_o after_o those_o of_o the_o western_a goth_n in_o spain_n the_o burgundian_n law_n the_o law_n call_v alemaaic_a boian_a and_o frank_n other_o than_o the_o salique_a be_v institute_v by_o thierry_n the_o first_o son_n of_o â—lodove_n who_o first_o become_v christian_n correct_v by_o clothaire_n and_o childebert_n and_o perfect_v by_o dagobert_n after_o follow_v the_o lombard_n who_o as_o they_o be_v a_o
must_v needs_o then_o be_v the_o hundred_o which_o be_v ten_o tything_n a_o germany_n institution_n siluacum_fw-la institution_n gapit_fw-la car._n calui_fw-la apud_fw-la siluacum_fw-la where_o every_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o attend_v in_o the_o north_n call_v wapentake_n than_o the_o trything_n thryhing_n or_o leet_n the_o jurisdiction_n of_o which_o extend_v over_o the_o three_o part_n of_o a_o province_n contain_v three_o or_o four_o hundred_o 34._o hundred_o ll._n ed._n c._n 34._o the_o county_n court_n call_v gerefa_n gemot_a the_o sheriff_n gemot_a or_o court_n to_o be_v hold_v by_o the_o institution_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o elder_a every_o four_o week_n where_o the_o sheriff_n be_v to_o decide_v civil_a and_o prediall_a cause_n and_o every_o sfraec_fw-la as_o there_o plea_n be_v to_o have_v a_o end_n at_o the_o day_n 11._o day_n ll._n ed._n sen_fw-la c._n 11._o the_o supreme_a provincial_n court_n be_v the_o sciregemot_n or_o shire_n court_n the_o same_o which_o now_o we_o 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Æ¿erum_fw-la of_o the_o estimation_n of_o head_n citant_fw-la head_n p._n 55._o part_n 2_o will_v v._o will_v jnae_fw-la c._n 8_o faedus_fw-la regum_fw-la aeâ—fr_n &_o gath._n m._n s_o in_o gless_a citant_fw-la where_o the_o be_v gild_v or_o price_n of_o a_o archbishop_n and_o a_o earl_n life_n who_o be_v join_v as_o equal_a be_v fifteen_o thousand_o thrimsa_n of_o a_o bishop_n and_o alderman_n who_o next_o follow_v and_o be_v join_v but_o eight_o thousand_o etc._n etc._n sometime_o the_o same_o thing_n be_v say_v of_o both_o the_o earl_n and_o alderman_n so_o that_o they_o may_v easy_o be_v think_v in_o those_o place_n the_o same_o this_o be_v a_o salique_a institution_n to_o substitute_n thus_o two_o or_o three_o under_o the_o earl_n who_o they_o call_v sagibaron_n as_o ingulphus_n who_o be_v altogether_o for_o king_n aelfred_n king_n divide_v the_o governor_n of_o province_n who_o before_o be_v call_v vicedomini_n into_o two_o office_n into_o judge_n who_o now_o we_o call_v 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church_n beginning_n etc._n etc._n ingulphus_n secretary_n to_o william_n in_o normandy_n and_o after_o make_v abbot_n of_o crowland_n by_o he_o be_v witness_n enough_o alone_o and_o as_o he_o i_o bring_v this_o time_n with_o i_o from_o london_n where_o he_o have_v be_v about_o the_o business_n of_o his_o house_n to_o my_o monastery_n the_o law_n of_o the_o most_o just_a king_n edward_n which_o my_o lord_n william_n the_o renown_a king_n of_o england_n have_v proclaim_v authentic_a and_o perpetual_a all_o england_n over_o to_o be_v keep_v under_o most_o grievous_a penalty_n &_o commend_v to_o his_o justice_n in_o the_o same_o tongue_n they_o be_v set_v forth_o ult_n forth_o ingulph_n p._n ult_n this_o proclamation_n be_v not_o all_o to_o allay_v the_o storm_n which_o perhaps_o the_o violation_n of_o these_o law_n have_v raise_v for_o the_o good_a of_o peace_n say_v a_o ancient_a monk_n he_o swear_v upon_o all_o the_o relic_n of_o the_o church_n of_o s._n alban_n touch_v the_o haul_v gospel_n abot_n fretherick_n minister_a the_o oath_n the_o good_a and_o approve_a ancient_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n which_o the_o holy_a and_o pious_a king_n of_o england_n his_o ancestor_n and_o especial_o king_n edward_n set_v forth_o inviolable_o to_o keep_v â—0_n keep_v vita_fw-la ab._n s._n aâ—b_n 8._o s_o â—0_n that_o the_o english_a law_n be_v in_o use_n then_o i_o can_v prove_v out_o of_o that_o famous_a plea_n of_o pinnendeâ—e_n betwixt_o lanfranck_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o odo_n bishop_n of_o baieux_n and_o earl_n of_o kent_n there_o it_o be_v say_v the_o king_n command_v all_o the_o county_n without_o delay_n to_o sit_v &_o all_o the_o french_a of_o the_o county_n &_o especial_o the_o english_a in_o the_o ancient_a law_n &_o custom_n skill_v to_o assemble_v 198._o assemble_v not._n ad_fw-la eâ—d_fw-la 198._o william_n the_o 2._o promise_n only_o easy_a law_n justice_n equity_n and_o mercy_n and_o law_n desirable_a 1._o desirable_a hunt_v l._n 7.372_o ead_n 13._o ma_fw-fr par._n 14_o heve_v in_o h._n 1._o which_o his_o successor_n henry_n the_o first_o construe_v and_o there_o can_v be_v no_o other_o meaning_n to_o be_v mean_v of_o these_o law_n he_o swear_v to_o take_v away_o all_o the_o injustice_n and_o oppression_n of_o his_o brother_n promise_v the_o good_a and_o holy_a law_n to_o keep_v and_o to_o strengthen_v the_o liberty_n and_o ancient_a custom_n which_o flourish_v in_o the_o realm_n in_o the_o time_n of_o s._n edward_n the_o king_n 55._o king_n ead._n 55._o malmsb._n in_o hen._n 1.156_o ma._n pa._n 55._o and_o in_o his_o law_n he_o say_v the_o law_n of_o king_n edw._n i_o grant_v you_o with_o those_o amendment_n make_v by_o my_o father_n with_o the_o counsel_n of_o his_o baron_n 56._o baron_n ll._n hen_n 1._o c._n 2._o ma._n pa._n 56._o and_o in_o the_o same_o place_n those_o thing_n which_o hence_o forward_o shall_v be_v do_v shall_v be_v amend_v secundum_fw-la lagam_fw-la according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o king_n edward_n yet_o after_o he_o impose_v a_o new_a law_n a_o medley_n out_o of_o the_o shall_fw-mi ripuarian_a and_o other_o foreign_a law_n with_o some_o piece_n out_o of_o king_n cnuts_n danish_a law_n which_o be_v but_o a_o small_a time_n observe_v and_o can_v not_o take_v any_o thing_n from_o the_o law_n of_o king_n edward_n king_n stephen_n confirm_v the_o law_n in_o these_o word_n all_o the_o liberty_n and_o good_a law_n which_o henry_n king_n of_o england_n my_o uncle_n grant_v they_o and_o i_o grant_v they_o all_o the_o good_a law_n and_o good_a custom_n which_o they_o enjoy_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n ll._n edward_n exit_fw-la lib._n autiqu_fw-la ll._n the_o londoner_n request_n of_o maetildis_n the_o empress_n daughter_n of_o hen._n the_o 1._o that_o they_o may_v be_v suffer_v to_o use_v the_o law_n of_o edward_n because_o as_o they_o they_o be_v the_o best_a and_o not_o the_o law_n of_o her_o father_n henry_n because_o they_o be_v grievous_a which_o she_o refuse_v whence_o great_a commotion_n be_v make_v cont_n make_v florent_fw-la wig_n in_o a_o 11_o 42._o cont_n which_o grievous_a law_n certain_o be_v that_o shall_fw-mi rapuarian_a danish_a medley_n and_o likely_a enough_o a_o commotion_n in_o those_o boisterous_a time_n will_v follow_v the_o refusal_n many_o of_o the_o disquiet_n and_o tumult_n of_o those_o first_o reign_v be_v raise_v upon_o the_o pretence_n of_o the_o breach_n of_o these_o law_n a_o pretence_n so_o take_v that_o the_o noâ—mans_n themselves_o either_o colour_v their_o insurrection_n with_o it_o or_o else_o prefer_v these_o before_o their_o own_o law_n and_o run_v the_o hazard_n of_o their_o life_n &_o fortune_n in_o earnest_n for_o they_o henry_n the_o 2._o command_v the_o law_n of_o his_o grandfather_n to_o be_v observe_v 2._o observe_v how_o p._n pricr_n in_o h._n 2._o of_o which_o below_n
without_o trial_n justice_n shall_v not_o be_v sell_v nor_o defer_v etc._n etc._n the_o observation_n of_o these_o law_n be_v a_o condition_n of_o peace_n which_o ever_o appease_v the_o ancient_a distemper_n and_o cement_v what_o be_v loose_a and_o disjointed_a in_o the_o great_a body_n the_o law_n toe_n of_o st._n edward_n be_v insert_v into_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n usual_o take_v at_o their_o coronation_n which_o be_v not_o only_o superfluous_a and_o abundant_a but_o a_o impious_a vanity_n if_o there_o be_v no_o such_o law_n any_o where_o after_o the_o solemnity_n of_o this_o religious_a and_o sacred_a bond_n to_o be_v observe_v the_o manner_n of_o take_v the_o oath_n as_o we_o find_v be_v this_o the_o archbishop_n ask_v the_o king_n whether_o he_o be_v willing_a to_o take_v the_o oath_n usual_o take_v by_o his_o predecessor_n and_o whether_o the_o law_n and_o gustome_n by_o the_o ancient_a just_a and_o devout_a king_n grant_v to_o the_o people_n of_o england_n with_o the_o confirmation_n of_o his_o oath_n he_o will_v grant_v and_o keep_v to_o the_o same_o people_n and_o especial_o the_o law_n custom_n and_o liberty_n by_o the_o glorious_a king_n edward_n to_o the_o clergy_n and_o people_n grant_v regali_fw-la grant_v exit_fw-la libro_fw-la regali_fw-la after_o he_o be_v lead_v to_o the_o high_a altar_n where_o he_o swear_v to_o observe_v they_o etc._n etc._n further_o so_o far_o be_v some_o from_o allow_v our_o law_n to_o be_v norman_a that_o they_o be_v of_o opinion_n the_o norman_n receive_v they_o from_o we_o as_o they_o must_v of_o their_o custom_n be_v so_o derive_v as_o william_n of_o rovel_v in_o his_o preface_n to_o his_o commentary_n upon_o the_o grand_a customary_a edward_n the_o confessor_n be_v a_o long_a while_n in_o normandy_n give_v law_n to_o the_o norman_n and_o make_v the_o custom_n of_o england_n and_o normandy_n jurata_fw-la normandy_n d._n spel._n gloss_n v._o jurata_fw-la which_o if_o it_o be_v not_o so_o nothing_o be_v lose_v by_o it_o nor_o do_v it_o make_v any_o of_o these_o truth_n suspicious_a 55._o suspicious_a sup._n 55._o that_o so_o few_o of_o these_o law_n be_v come_v to_o our_o hand_n of_o which_o something_a be_v say_v before_o and_o of_o their_o book-case_n or_o judgement_n none_o at_o all_o there_o never_o can_v be_v any_o such_o volume_n of_o they_o hear_v of_o as_o be_v fancy_v beside_o the_o honest_a simplicity_n of_o the_o first_o age_n and_o the_o strictness_n of_o rule_n speak_v of_o writing_n and_o deed_n either_o to_o pass_v land_n or_o privilege_n be_v not_o in_o use_n till_o king_n wither_v near_o 700._o year_n after_o our_o saviour_n that_o king_n be_v so_o illiterate_a that_o he_o can_v not_o write_v his_o name_n as_o himself_o confess_v 198_o confess_v council_n sax._n 198_o king_n aelfred_n little_o less_o than_o two_o hundred_o year_n after_o this_o complain_v of_o the_o ignorance_n then_o that_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o on_o this_o side_n humber_n who_o can_v understand_v the_o ordinary_a common_a prayer_n or_o translate_v a_o piece_n of_o latin_a into_o english_a but_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o reign_n on_o the_o south_n of_o the_o thames_n he_o remember_v not_o a_o man_n who_o can_v have_v do_v it_o walsagepiscep_v it_o ibid._n 379_o epist_n aelfredi_n ad_fw-la walsagepiscep_v and_o although_o this_o king_n of_o sacred_a memory_n if_o perhaps_o as_o i_o can_v think_v he_o be_v not_o the_o solon_n and_o arthitect_n of_o our_o saxon_a english_a order_n yet_o a_o great_a restorer_n of_o it_o build_v glorious_o upon_o the_o frame_n he_o find_v yet_o these_o be_v less_o than_o beginning_n will_v likely_o have_v be_v where_o such_o a_o prince_n have_v be_v the_o workman_n he_o can_v not_o intend_v they_o the_o dane_n like_o a_o fatal_a whirlwind_n tear_v up_o root_n and_o branch_n every_o where_o ruine_v have_v long_o before_o break_v into_o the_o land_n which_o two_o hundred_o year_n together_o they_o miserable_o harass_v with_o who_o he_o fight_v fifty_o six_o battle_n and_o as_o may_v be_v imagine_v have_v not_o leisure_n to_o perform_v the_o duty_n of_o peace_n but_o in_o his_o arm_n sometime_o hide_v in_o the_o poor_a shed_v of_o a_o herdsman_n as_o the_o most_o know_a knight_n a_o king_n without_o a_o kingdom_n a_o prince_n without_o people_n so_o that_o he_o can_v not_o think_v of_o his_o law_n 378._o law_n council_n 378._o and_o although_o there_o be_v some_o breathe_n and_o the_o storm_n have_v some_o intermission_n some_o calm_n be_v in_o the_o two_o hundred_o year_n some_o in_o his_o reign_n yet_o such_o ravage_v and_o spoil_v have_v these_o barbarous_a thief_n make_v and_o so_o universal_a may_v the_o confusion_n and_o disorder_n be_v we_o may_v conceive_v it_o will_v be_v the_o labour_n of_o no_o short_a peace_n to_o restore_v thing_n fall_v or_o shake_v to_o their_o first_o condition_n without_o make_v any_o the_o least_o progression_n this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v do_v till_o the_o corruption_n which_o war_n licentiousness_n and_o careless_a negligence_n have_v breed_v in_o the_o part_n most_o sound_a be_v pluck_v up_o and_o the_o weed_n throw_v out_o which_o must_v be_v the_o work_n of_o time_n the_o proceed_n too_o of_o the_o saxon_n our_o ancestor_n as_o m._n lambard_n in_o judgement_n be_v the_o plane_n and_o without_o solennity_n enough_o to_o clear_v this_o though_o the_o saxon_a law_n than_o be_v enough_o for_o the_o commonwealth_n yet_o they_o have_v no_o great_a extent_n whatsoever_o unto_o s._n edward_n gather_v out_o of_o the_o law_n of_o those_o who_o follow_v this_o king_n and_o see_v more_o quiet_a day_n or_o out_o of_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o saxon_a law_n can_v not_o reach_v far_o but_o not_o out_o of_o any_o defect_n in_o the_o law_n itself_o than_o the_o cause_n why_o the_o law_n run_v in_o a_o large_a channel_n and_o spread_v into_o more_o vein_n now_o be_v not_o any_o artifice_n or_o injust_a deal_n of_o those_o who_o practice_n it_o but_o the_o improvement_n of_o estate_n by_o good_a husbandry_n much_o traffic_n whence_o contract_n be_v more_o frequent_a as_o sir_n john_n davies_n there_o be_v more_o luxury_n and_o excess_n in_o the_o world_n more_o force_n deceit_n and_o oppression_n more_o covetousness_n and_o malice_n breach_n of_o peace_n and_o trust_n which_o as_o they_o gather_v strength_n and_o multiply_v so_o must_v the_o law_n there_o be_v a_o necessity_n that_o as_o these_o mischief_n increase_v there_o shall_v be_v supplement_n of_o law_n to_o meet_v with_o they_o mr._n daniel_n observe_v of_o the_o assize_n of_o clarendon_n long_o after_o the_o saxon_n that_o it_o consist_v as_o it_o do_v of_o very_a few_o point_n and_o that_o the_o multitude_n of_o action_n which_o follow_v in_o succeed_a time_n grow_v out_o of_o new_a transgression_n etc._n etc._n when_o the_o roman_n be_v little_o better_a than_o shepherd_n and_o herdsman_n it_o be_v say_v a_o few_o ivory_n table_n contain_v their_o law_n after_o they_o come_v to_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o world_n thousand_o of_o book_n be_v write_v of_o the_o roman_n civil_a law_n albericus_fw-la gentilis_fw-la just_o reprehend_v ludovicus_n vives_z who_o maintain_v as_o he_o that_o all_o thing_n may_v be_v finish_v by_o a_o few_o law_n as_o the_o same_o mr._n lambard_n speak_v of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n positive_a or_o write_a law_n neither_o be_v nor_o can_v be_v make_v such_o a_o perfect_a rule_n as_o that_o a_o man_n may_v thereby_o true_o squâ—e_v out_o justice_n in_o all_o case_n which_o may_v happen_v for_o write_v law_n must_v needs_o be_v make_v in_o generality_n and_o ground_v upon_o that_o which_o happen_v for_o the_o most_o part_n because_o no_o wisdom_n of_o man_n can_v foresee_v every_o thing_n in_o particularity_n which_o experience_n and_o time_n do_v beget_v 77._o beget_v archeior_fw-fr 76_o 77._o there_o be_v a_o curse_n of_o peace_n the_o high_a prosperity_n have_v its_o danger_n there_o can_v be_v no_o safety_n in_o it_o the_o rich_a man_n be_v more_o infirm_a more_o unsound_a than_o the_o poor_a pride_n and_o malicious_a contention_n be_v disease_n he_o be_v seldom_o free_a from_o it_o be_v well_o say_v of_o wicked_a man_n and_o their_o injustice_n there_o be_v need_n of_o many_o law_n to_o bridle_v they_o of_o many_o officer_n to_o execute_v of_o many_o lawyer_n to_o interpret_v those_o law_n we_o know_v all_o law_n come_v not_o in_o by_o heap_n but_o as_o time_n corrupt_v thing_n and_o new_a wrong_n and_o offence_n be_v discover_v by_o the_o same_o degree_n thus_o the_o sumptuary_n law_n among_o the_o roman_n come_v in_o the_o fabian_z of_o plagiaries_n the_o julian_n of_o public_a or_o private_a force_n de_fw-fr ambitu_fw-la and_o the_o rest_n all_o our_o statute_n law_n which_o be_v remedy_v so_o must_v it_o be_v and_o so_o it_o have_v be_v in_o all_o commonwealth_n of_o
6._o and_o again_o there_o in_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o maletot_n 7._o maletot_n c._n 7._o the_o ill_a toll_n or_o charge_n of_o 40_o s._n upon_o every_o sack_n of_o wool_n be_v take_v away_o where_o be_v these_o word_n we_o have_v grant_v for_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n not_o to_o take_v etc._n etc._n without_o common_a consent_n and_o good_a will_n by_o the_o statute_n call_v the_o tallagio_n non_fw-la concedendo_fw-la no_o tollage_n nor_o aid_n be_v to_o be_v set_v or_o levy_v but_o by_o common_a consent_n 1._o consent_n 34_o e._n 1._o all_o new_a office_n with_o new_a fee_n be_v within_o this_o statute_n 533._o statute_n 2_o inst_z 533._o no_o man_n be_v to_o be_v charge_v by_o any_o benevolence_n which_o be_v condemn_v by_o a_o statute_n as_o against_o the_o law_n 3.2_o law_n 1_o r._n 3.2_o he_o who_o judge_n thing_n impartial_o must_v confess_v the_o english_a ever_o to_o have_v be_v the_o most_o happy_a and_o most_o free_a of_o all_o people_n while_o they_o enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o these_o law_n and_o be_v likely_a yet_o to_o continue_v â—s_n happy_a under_o they_o for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v but_o as_o some_o there_o be_v as_o be_v note_v who_o will_v allow_v no_o authority_n but_o their_o own_o not_o reason_n itself_o nothing_o without_o themselves_o so_o some_o there_o may_v be_v rather_o for_o a_o sect_n than_o the_o truth_n more_o willing_o follow_v a_o great_a name_n then_o reason_n choose_v number_n rather_o then_o weight_n and_o worth_n carry_v away_o with_o authority_n as_o they_o call_v it_o such_o as_o will_v yield_v to_o nothing_o else_o if_o any_o such_o there_o be_v i_o will_v please_v they_o they_o shall_v have_v authority_n with_o truth_n weight_n and_o worth_a together_o not_o that_o i_o bring_v in_o other_o voucher_n as_o if_o i_o refuse_v those_o or_o think_v they_o not_o sufficient_a who_o as_o have_v show_v before_o be_v the_o true_a and_o undoubted_a judge_n of_o the_o law_n in_o the_o council_n at_o oxford_n of_o the_o english_a and_o danes_n hold_v in_o the_o sixth_o year_n of_o king_n cnut_n the_o english_a and_o dane_n be_v say_v to_o agree_v about_o keep_v the_o law_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o wherefore_o they_o be_v command_v by_o king_n cnut_n to_o be_v translate_v into_o the_o latin_a tongue_n and_o for_o the_o equity_n of_o they_o those_o be_v the_o word_n to_o be_v keep_v as_o well_o in_o denmark_n as_o in_o england_n 311._o england_n mat._n west_n flor_n hist_o l._n 1._o 311._o wigorn._n 311._o although_o it_o be_v say_v the_o english_a law_n dan._n law_n gloss_n ver_fw-la lex_fw-la dan._n be_v silent_a speak_v not_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o dane_n which_o may_v general_o be_v true_a yet_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o of_o this_o king_n it_o be_v otherwise_o as_o appear_v by_o his_o excellent_a law_n of_o winchester_n full_a of_o piety_n and_o justice_n 569._o justice_n council_n saex_fw-la 569._o these_o be_v the_o famous_a law_n observe_v by_o king_n edw._n the_o confessor_n after_o many_o of_o the_o law_n of_o k._n aetheldred_n many_o of_o those_o of_o the_o renown_a council_n of_o aeaham_n under_o the_o same_o aetheldred_n be_v among_o they_o in_o the_o epistle_n of_o king_n cnut_n write_v to_o the_o english_a when_o he_o be_v come_v from_o rome_n he_o say_v he_o bid_v vow_v to_o govern_v the_o realm_n subject_a to_o he_o just_o and_o pious_o and_o judgement_n in_o all_o thing_n to_o observe_v at_o his_o return_n say_v malmesbury_n he_o be_v as_o good_a as_o his_o word_n for_o all_o the_o law_n by_o the_o ancient_a king_n and_o especial_o by_o his_o ancestor_n aetheldred_n give_v under_o penalty_n be_v command_v to_o be_v observe_v for_o ever_o which_o now_o man_n swear_v to_o keep_v under_o the_o name_n of_o king_n edward_n not_o that_o he_o ordain_v they_o but_o because_o he_o observe_v they_o 75._o they_o malmâ—b_n de_fw-fr gest_n reg._n l_o 2._o c._n 11._o p._n 75._o how_o much_o the_o ancient_a englishman_n love_v and_o prise_v the_o common_a law_n be_v evident_a by_o what_o have_v be_v before_o say_v concern_v the_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o the_o settle_v they_o and_o it_o be_v more_o evident_a by_o the_o odiousness_n which_o subversion_n and_o the_o subverter_n of_o the_o law_n have_v lie_v under_o in_o all_o age_n there_o be_v a_o writ_n in_o the_o register_n as_o before_o to_o take_v the_o impugner_n of_o the_o law_n and_o bring_v they_o to_o newgate_n 64._o newgate_n regist_n 64._o in_o the_o complaint_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o reign_n against_o the_o stranger_n poictovins_n his_o favourite_n be_v these_o word_n as_o also_o because_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n swear_v and_o confirm_v and_o by_o excommunication_n strengthen_v this_o be_v the_o magna_fw-la chaeta_fw-la together_o with_o justice_n they_o confound_v and_o pervert_v 396._o pervert_v ma._n pa._n 396._o the_o earl_n martial_n richard_n complain_v of_o these_o poictovins_n to_o this_o king_n as_o man_n who_o impooy_v themselves_o to_o the_o oppression_n of_o the_o law_n and_o liberty_n 384._o liberty_n ibid._n 384._o stephano_n of_o segrave_n the_o chief_a justice_n be_v charge_v in_o another_o place_n with_o corrupt_v the_o law_n and_o introduce_v new_a one_o 392._o one_o ibid._n 392._o the_o same_o king_n be_v tell_v by_o those_o bishop_n that_o if_o the_o subject_n bid_v be_v govern_v according_a to_o justice_n and_o right_a judgement_n of_o the_o land_n etc._n etc._n those_o trouble_n have_v not_o happen_v the_o statute_n banish_v the_o spencer_n the_o father_n and_o son_n have_v this_o article_n to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o great_a man_n and_o of_o the_o people_n they_o put_v out_o the_o good_a and_o fit_a minister_n and_o place_v other_o in_o their_o room_n false_a and_o wicked_a man_n of_o their_o covin_z who_o will_v not_o suffer_v right_a or_o law_n to_o be_v have_v and_o they_o make_v such_o man_n justice_n who_o be_v not_o at_o all_o conversant_a in_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v thing_n empsons_n indictment_n run_v nor_o have_v god_n before_o his_o eye_n etc._n etc._n falfe_o deceitful_o and_o treasonous_o the_o law_n of_o england_n subvert_v 199._o subvert_v 4_o just_o 199._o the_o article_n against_o cardinal_n wolsey_n before_o mention_v begin_v have_v by_o divers_a and_o sundry_a way_n and_o fashion_n commit_v high_a and_o notable_a and_o grievous_a offence_n misuse_v alter_v and_o subvert_v the_o order_n of_o the_o law_n his_o article_n be_v there_o by_o the_o introduction_n say_v to_o be_v but_o a_o few_o in_o comparison_n of_o all_o his_o enormity_n excess_n and_o transgression_n against_o the_o law_n these_o article_n be_v subscribe_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o norfolk_n and_o suffolk_n the_o marquess_n of_o dorset_n and_o exeter_n the_o earl_n of_o oxford_n northumberland_z &_o shrewsbury_n the_o lord_n fitzwalter_n rochfort_n darcy_n mounjoye_v and_o sandys_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o as_o those_o other_o take_v subversion_n to_o be_v so_o heinous_a a_o offence_n must_v needs_o be_v imagine_v to_o esteem_v the_o law_n high_o lewis_n of_o france_n invite_v hither_o by_o the_o baron_n in_o king_n john_n his_o time_n in_o the_o entrance_n to_o his_o new_a principality_n be_v make_v to_o swear_v to_o restore_v to_o every_o of_o they_o the_o good_a law_n 282._o law_n ma._n pa._n 282._o as_o other_o to_o maintain_v ad_fw-la keep_v the_o institution_n of_o the_o country_n those_o who_o desire_v a_o stranger_n for_o their_o master_n will_v not_o be_v govern_v by_o new_a and_o strange_a law_n among_o the_o covenant_n of_o marriage_n betwixt_o queen_n mary_n of_o england_n and_o philip_n the_o second_o of_o spain_n there_o be_v one_o to_o this_o effect_n that_o he_o the_o king_n philip_n shall_v make_v no_o invasion_n of_o state_n against_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n neither_o violate_v the_o privilege_n thereto_o belong_v 1118._o belong_v hollinsh_fw-mi p._n 1118._o and_o among_o those_o covenant_n of_o marriage_n treat_v betwixt_o elizabeth_n of_o most_o happy_a memory_n and_o francis_n hercules_n of_o valois_n duke_n of_o anjou_n the_o same_o care_n and_o wariness_n be_v have_v one_o of_o the_o conditon_n be_v that_o the_o duke_n shall_v change_v nothing_o in_o the_o law_n but_o shall_v conserve_v all_o the_o custom_n of_o england_n 338._o england_n comd._n eliz._n 338._o the_o lord_n treasurer_n burleigh_n the_o earl_n of_o lincoln_n sussex_n bedford_n and_o leicester_n sir_n christopher_n hatton_n and_o sir_n francis_n walsingham_n be_v delegate_n for_o the_o queen_n man_n too_o wise_a to_o tie_v themselves_o and_o other_o to_o preserve_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v neither_o worth_n a_o care_n nor_o be_v the_o statute_n 28_o of_o edw._n the_o 3_o 1363._o 3_o an._n dom._n 1363._o speak_v thus_o the_o good_a ancient_a law_n custom_n and_o franchise_n of_o the_o say_a realm_n the_o
before_o william_n the_o first_o that_o he_o side_v not_o against_o he_o and_o that_o be_v find_v true_a he_o and_o all_o those_o in_o his_o condition_n cotten_n condition_n weentun_n monum_fw-la hiâ—_n example_n â—n_n câ—â—ington_n of_o sir_n rob._n cotten_n like_a to_o lose_v all_o be_v confirm_v in_o their_o land_n and_o lordship_n to_o have_v and_o hold_v those_o be_v the_o word_n of_o the_o confirmation_n as_o whole_o and_o peaceable_o as_o ever_o they_o do_v before_o the_o conquest_n by_o the_o record_n of_o term._n trin._n 21_o e._n 3._o comit._n ebor_n &_o com._n northumb_n rot._n 191._o this_o drench_n be_v describe_v thus_o that_o the_o foresay_a vghtred_a hold_v the_o say_v land_n viz._n in_o northumberland_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n and_o of_o his_o progenitor_n king_n of_o england_n by_o the_o service_n of_o a_o drench_n which_o service_n in_o the_o part_n aforesaid_a be_v such_o that_o of_o whosoever_o he_o hold_v any_o thing_n there_o by_o such_o service_n it_o be_v hold_v and_o if_o the_o tenant_n die_v his_o heir_n be_v within_o age_n the_o wardship_n of_o the_o heir_n and_o land_n belong_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o which_o &c_n &c_n dronche_n &c_n d._n spelm._n gloss_n verbâ—_n dronche_n with_o the_o marriage_n whether_o wardship_n and_o marriage_n as_o the_o lord_n cook_n 193._o cook_n 4._o inst_z 193._o no_o badge_n of_o servitude_n be_v of_o the_o same_o antiquity_n with_o king_n aelfred_n i_o will_v not_o take_v upon_o i_o to_o determine_v the_o lord_n cook_n as_o also_o the_o mirror_n in_o the_o place_n cite_v by_o he_o be_v for_o the_o affirmative_a etc._n affirmative_a inst_z 1._o p._n 76.4_o inst_z 292._o mire_n sect_n 3._o graft_n 911._o etc._n etc._n by_o a_o law_n if_o any_o man_n die_v intestate_a the_o lord_n be_v to_o have_v nothing_o but_o what_o be_v due_a by_o the_o name_n of_o hereoâ—_n 68_o hereoâ—_n ll._n cnuâ—â—_n c._n 68_o by_o mr._n lambard_n this_o be_v acknowledge_v engish-saxon_a and_o think_v to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o relief_n one_o place_n say_v relief_n or_o rather_o herent_fw-la 152_o herent_fw-la not._n in_o radwes_n 152_o and_o hereot_fw-la or_o relief_n id_fw-la relief_n 154._o 161_o id_fw-la &_o compare_v the_o hereota_n to_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d hereor_fw-la be_v a_o service_n and_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o seignory_n of_o another_o a_o tribute_n so_o dr._n cowel_n give_v to_o the_o lord_n among_o the_o saxon_n for_o his_o better_a preparation_n towards_o the_o war_n in_o the_o monastical_a institution_n of_o king_n edgar_n hereot_fw-la be_v call_v geÆ¿unlic_a gae&ul_a gae&ul_a gae&ul_a a_o customary_a cens_fw-la or_o duty_n say_v to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o king_n by_o the_o great_a man_n of_o this_o country_n after_o geþtenege_v their_o death_n it_o be_v forbid_v by_o this_o king_n to_o be_v give_v for_o all_o abbot_n and_o abbess_n eadm_n abbess_n in_o not_z ad_fw-la eadm_n before_o as_o it_o seem_v not_o so_o free_a as_o here_o the_o word_n by_o the_o great_a man_n after_o their_o death_n make_v it_o quite_o another_o thing_n though_o it_o be_v call_v so_o from_o relief_n which_o be_v for_o the_o heir_n and_o never_o pay_v but_o where_o there_o be_v one_o hereot_fw-la one_o gloss_n verbo_fw-la hereot_fw-la the_o hereot_fw-la be_v to_o be_v reasonable_a and_o here_o again_o we_o shall_v see_v the_o rank_n of_o the_o saxon_a noblesse_n the_o earl_n eight_o horse_n four_o saddle_v four_z not_o four_o helmet_n four_o coat_n of_o mail_n and_o eight_o spear_n as_o many_o shield_n four_o sword_n and_o two_o hundred_o â—_o hundred_o saxon_a â—_o mark_n of_o gold_n the_o great_a thanes_z the_o kings_z thanes_z four_o horse_n two_o saddle_v then_o not_o two_o swords_z four_o spear_n as_o many_o shield_n a_o helmet_n a_o coat_n of_o mail_n and_o fifty_o mark_n of_o gold_n the_o medmere_n or_o under_o thane_n one_o horse_n ready_a his_o weapon_n or_o as_o among_o the_o west_n saxon_n his_o neck_n ransom_n among_o the_o mercian_n two_o pound_n among_o the_o easâ—-angels_n two_o pound_n the_o king_n thanes_z hereot_fw-la among_o the_o dane_n who_o have_v free_a jurisdiction_n ðe_v his_o socne_a haebâ—e_n four_o pound_n and_o if_o he_o be_v further_o know_v to_o the_o king_n two_o horse_n one_o saddle_v the_o other_o not_o one_o sword_n two_o spear_n two_o shield_n and_o fifty_o mark_n of_o gold_n the_o conclusion_n have_v not_o infimae_fw-la conditionis_fw-la thani_fw-la as_o the_o latin_a be_v but_o he_o that_o have_v less_o and_o less_o may_v be_v he_o two_o pound_n 69._o pound_n will_v conti._n c_o 69._o other_o lord_n have_v their_o hereot_fw-la too_o the_o law_n of_o king_n william_n which_o as_o the_o title_n be_v the_o same_o which_o king_n edward_n observe_v call_v this_o which_o in_o these_o law_n be_v hereot_fw-la relief_n and_o the_o earl_n king_n thegne_n and_o underthane_v who_o be_v here_o charge_v as_o be_v say_v there_o be_v call_v and_o name_v cnute_n barun_n and_o vavasour_n and_o charge_v much_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n 20._o manner_n â—_o 22_o 23_o 24_o v._n c._n 20._o with_o little_a difference_n king_n edward_n latin_a law_n where_o any_o man_n fall_v in_o war_n before_o his_o lord_n by_o land_n or_o else_o where_o forgive_v his_o relief_n 3â—_n relief_n c._n 3â—_n and_o give_v his_o heir_n his_o land_n and_o money_n without_o diminution_n ibid._n diminution_n ibid._n i_o will_v observe_v a_o little_a out_o of_o those_o old_a grant_n and_o charter_n which_o precede_v the_o norman_n by_o which_o the_o religious_a heretofore_o make_v their_o title_n only_o careful_a to_o get_v and_o to_o be_v free_a where_o we_o shall_v find_v other_o man_n be_v not_o so_o the_o confirmation_n of_o pope_n agatho_n of_o the_o new_a raise_v monastery_n of_o medeshamstede_n after_o peterborough_n before_o the_o age_n of_o charter_n 164._o charter_n an._n 680._o council_n sax._n 164._o recite_v the_o immunity_n it_o be_v to_o be_v in_o no_o ðeudom_n in_o no_o kind_n of_o servitude_n neither_o to_o king_n bishop_n nor_o earl_n no_o man_n be_v to_o have_v any_o rent_n or_o tribute_n there_o in_o the_o council_n of_o becanceld_a king_n wither_a free_v the_o church_n from_o all_o difficulty_n of_o saecular_a servitude_n from_o feed_v the_o king_n prince_n aldermen_z earl_n from_o all_o work_n the_o great_a and_o lesser_a grievance_n etc._n etc._n 190._o etc._n council_n becanceld_a au._n 694._o council_n sax._n 190._o witlafe_a king_n of_o the_o mercian_n in_o the_o year_n 833._o confirm_v to_o the_o monastery_n of_o crowland_n their_o land_n and_o tenement_n thus_o i_o grant_v deliver_v and_o confirm_v those_o land_n and_o tenement_n etc._n etc._n for_o a_o peaceable_a and_o perpetual_a possession_n to_o have_v from_o i_o and_o my_o heir_n whosoever_o king_n of_o the_o mercian_n after_o i_o to_o succeed_v in_o puram_fw-la eleemosynam_fw-la in_o perpetual_a and_o pure_a frankalmoigne_n libere_fw-la quiet_a et_fw-fr solute_a or_o as_o we_o now_o use_v it_o quit_v and_o discharge_v from_o all_o saecular_a charge_n exaction_n and_o tribute_n whatsoever_o by_o what_o name_n soever_o 328._o soever_o ingulp_n hist_o council_n sax._n 328._o as_o another_o place_n among_o many_o thing_n do_v &_o say_v ceolnoth_n the_o archbishop_n before_o the_o whole_a council_n of_o kingston_n show_v that_o the_o aforesaid_a king_n egbert_n and_o aethelwulfe_n his_o son_n give_v to_o christ-church_n at_o canterbury_n the_o manor_n call_v malling_n in_o south-saxon_a free_a from_o all_o secular_a service_n and_o tribute_n royal_a except_o these_o three_o expedition_n military_a fird_n or_o firdfare_n upon_o the_o herebanne_n the_o proclamation_n or_o edict_n military_a and_o to_o repair_v bridge_n &_o castle_n brugbote_n and_o burgbote_n 340._o burgbote_n council_n 340._o by_o some_o not_o to_o be_v release_v 228._o release_v charta_fw-la eâ—dbaldi_n mâ—lmsb_n de_fw-fr gest_n reg_fw-la l._n 1._o iâ—ae_fw-la reg_fw-la glelienb_n conceit_fw-la 228._o which_o be_v not_o true_a the_o most_o learned_a mr._n selden_n say_v in_o england_n before_o the_o norman_n be_v military_a fiefe_n the_o earl_n and_o thanes_z be_v bind_v to_o a_o kind_n of_o knight_n service_n all_o the_o land_n of_o the_o kingdom_n except_o some_o privilege_a etc._n etc._n hold_v of_o the_o crown_n mediate_o or_o immediate_o but_o say_v he_o the_o expedition_n mulitary_a etc._n etc._n those_o three_o be_v not_o so_o much_o by_o reason_n of_o tenure_n as_o general_a subjection_n to_o occasion_n of_o the_o state_n 321._o state_n tit._n hon._n 1_o edit_n 321._o likely_a so_o yet_o to_o recite_v the_o opinion_n of_o other_o there_o be_v that_o think_v this_o firdfare_n to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o our_o escuage_n the_o charter_n of_o kenulph_n 821._o an._n 821._o the_o mercian_n king_n to_o abingdon_n discharge_v all_o service_n but_o the_o expedition_n of_o twelve_o man_n with_o their_o shield_n cum_fw-la scutis_fw-la burgbote_n etc._n etc._n as_o the_o most_o know_a knight_n in_o the_o ancient_a charter_n