mayor_n of_o lond._n jacob_n callaber_n merchant_n of_o amsterdam_n sir_n henry_n calverley_n college_n and_o hall_n in_o cambridg_n which_o have_v subscribe_v be_v christ_n coll._n dr._n r._n cudworth_n mr._n clare_n hall_n dr._n sam._n blithe_n mr._n corpus_fw-la xti_fw-la coll._n dr._n j._n spencer_n mr._n emanuel_n coll._n dr._n tho._n holbech_n mr._n gonville_n and_o caius_n coll._n dr._n r._n brady_n mr._n jesus_n coll._n dr_n saiwel_n mr._n st._n john_n coll._n dr._n gower_n mr._n katherine_z hall_n dr._n j._n eachard_n mr._n and_o vicechancellor_n king_n coll._n sr._n tho._n page_n provost_n magdalen_n coll._n dr._n peachel_n mr._n pembroke_n hall_n dr._n nath._n coga_n mr._n st._n peter_n coll._n dr._n beaumond_n mr._n queen_n coll._n dr._n henry_n james_n mr._n sidney-sussex_n coll._n dr._n minshul_n mr._n trinity_n coll._n dr._n north_n mr._n dean_n and_o chapter_n of_o canterbury_n john_n castillion_n d._n d._n dean_n of_o rochester_n sir_n john_n castleton_n bar._n 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daventry_n lord_n high_a chancellor_n of_o england_n charles_n earl_n of_o dorset_z william_n earl_n of_o devonshire_n thomas_n osborne_n earl_n of_o danby_n george_z earl_n of_o dumbarton_n nathanael_n lord_n bishop_n of_o durham_n robert_n deincourt_n elder_a son_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o scarsdale_n john_n drummond_n esq_n of_o londy_n sir_n edward_z dering_n bar._n of_o surrenden-dering_n in_o kent_n one_o of_o the_o lord_n commissioner_n of_o the_o treasury_n james_n dick_n of_o priestfield_n provost_n of_o edinburgh_n sir_n henry_n dacres_n sr._n thomas_n darcy_n bar._n of_o essex_n robert_n dashwood_n esq_n fellow_n commoner_n of_o trinity_n coll._n oxon._n samuel_n davall_n merchant_n of_o amsterdam_n james_n davenant_n fellow_n of_o oriel_n coll._n oxon._n isaak_n davis_n merchant_n of_o rotterdam_n richard_n davis_n bookseller_n in_o oxon._n ro._n davies_n esq_n of_o llannerch_n in_o denbyshire_n thomas_n deane_n merchant_n of_o london_n um._n den_n esq_n of_o den_n in_o 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elliot_n b._n d._n minister_n of_o fladburg_n in_o worcestershire_n mr._n ellis_n of_o gonville_n and_o caius_n coll._n in_o cambridg_n john_n ellis_n d._n d._n chanter_n of_o st._n david_n sir_n john_n elwes_n of_o grove_n house_n thomas_n eliott_n esq_n george_n evelyn_n esq_n john_n evelyn_n esq_n sr._n richard_n everard_n bar._n of_o essex_n laurence_n eusden_n a._n m._n dean_n and_o chapter_n of_o exeter_n thomas_n lord_n viscount_n fauconberg_n robert_z lord_n ferrer_n john_n lord_n frescheville_n baron_n of_o stavely_n william_n lord_n fitzwilliams_n charles_n fanshaw_n esq_n his_o majesty_n envoy_n extraordinary_a to_o portugal_n sir_n stephen_n fox_n one_o of_o the_o lord_n commissioner_n of_o the_o treasury_n charles_n finch_n esq_n fellow_n of_o allsoul_n coll._n oxon._n sr._n palm_n fairbourn_n governor_n of_o tangier_n sir_n john_n falconer_n master_n of_o his_o majesty_n mint_n in_o scotland_n will._n far_o of_o bushel_n in_o middlesex_n charles_n feltham_n citizen_n of_o london_n robert_n fielding_n esq_n sir_n jo._n fenwick_n of_o fenwick_n in_o northumb._n john_n fisher_n m._n d._n london_n john_n fitz-williams_n d._n d._n thomas_n flatman_n esq_n london_n daniel_n fleming_n esq_n of_o rydal_n in_o westmoreland_n edward_n fleming_n esq_n of_o hampshire_n eben_n ezer_n forenesse_n minist_n william_n forester_z esq_n of_o dot-hill_n in_o shropsh_n robert_n fox_n esq_n london_n sir_n william_n franklin_n james_n frazer_n esq_n sir_n john_n frederick_n precedent_n of_o christ_n hospital_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o child_n of_o his_o majesty_n new_a royal_a foundation_n there_o thomas_n frewen_n of_o northam_n in_o sussex_n sam._n fuller_n d._n d._n chancellor_n of_o lincoln_n henry_n duke_n of_o grafton_n henry_n lord_z grey_z of_o ruthin_n john_n lord_z bishop_n of_o galloway_n syd._n godolphin_n esq_n one_o of_o the_o lord_n commissioner_n of_o the_o treasury_n tho._n gale_n d._n d._n master_n of_o st._n paul_n school_n in_o london_n john_n gauntlet_n esq_n edmond_n gardiner_n esq_n of_o bedfordsh_fw-mi fran._n gardiner_n alderman_n of_o norwich_n james_n gardiner_n d._n d._n subdean_n of_o linc._n thomas_n gardiner_n esq_n controller_n of_o the_o post-office_n in_o london_n richard_n garth_n esq_n orlando_n gee_o esq_n register_n of_o the_o high_a court_n of_o admiralty_n william_n genew_v esq_n thomas_n gill_n citizen_n of_o london_n roger_n gillingham_n esq_n william_n gore_n esq_n sir_n william_n godolphin_n bar._n of_o godolphin_n in_o cornwall_n hierom_n gohory_n esq_n charles_n goodall_n m._n d._n fellow_n of_o the_o king_n coll._n of_o physician_n in_o london_n g._n gooddall_n fellow_n b._n d._n of_o exeter_n coll._n ox._n richard_n goodall_n citizen_n of_o london_n sir_n robert_n gordon_n of_o gordonstone_n robert_n gordon_n esq_n of_o clunne_n willliam_n leveson_n gower_n esq_n john_n graham_n esq_n john_n green_a esq_n will._n de_fw-fr grey_n esq_n of_o merbon_n in_o norfolk_n francis_n griffith_n esq_n of_o london_n sr._n thomas_n grosvenor_n bar._n of_o cheshire_n william_n guise_n fellow_n of_o allsoul_n coll._n oxon._n john_n guise_n fellow_n of_o c._n c._n c._n oxon._n theophilus_n earl_n of_o huntingdon_n william_n lord_n howard_n baron_n of_o escrick_n lawr_n hyde_n esq_n first_o lord_n commissioner_n of_o the_o treasury_n thomas_z herbert_z esq_n sir_n robert_n howard_n auditor_n to_o the_o excheq_n charles_n hatton_n esq_n theod._n haak_n esq_n of_o london_n henry_n hall_n esq_n john_n hall_n esq_n john_n hall_n esq_n will._n hammond_n esq_n of_o st._n albon_n in_o kent_n sir_n will_n halford_n of_o welham_n in_o leicestersh_fw-mi tho._n halsey_n esq_n of_o great_a gudsden_n in_o herf_n tim._n halton_n d._n d._n provost_n of_o queen_n coll._n oxon._n and_o vicechancellor_n john_n hampden_n esq_n of_o hambden_n in_o buck_n robert_n hampson_n sergeant_n at_o law_n of_o the_o inner_a temple_n sr._n tho._n hare_n bar._n of_o stow-hall_n norfolk_n edward_n harris_n john_n hartcliffe_n fellow_n of_o king_n coll._n camb._n george_n hascard_v d._n d._n rector_n of_o st._n clement_n danes_n in_o london_n john_n harvey_n esq_n sir_n will._n haslewood_n of_o maidwell_n in_o north._n henry_n hawley_n esq_n of_o branford_n middle_n israel_n hayes_n metchant_n in_o amstetdam_n
each_o side_n four_o foot_n a_o head_n like_o a_o acorn_n with_o four_o horn_n 2._o the_o sawfish_n which_o have_v a_o long_a snout_n on_o either_o side_n set_v with_o tooth_n like_o a_o saw_n he_o seldom_o give_v over_o the_o whale_n till_o he_o have_v kill_v he_o he_o eat_v up_o his_o tongue_n and_o nothing_o else_o 3._o the_o hay_n from_o two_o to_o three_o fathom_n long_o round_o and_o small_a a_o sharp_a snout_n and_o three_o row_n of_o tooth_n in_o his_o mouth_n with_o which_o he_o will_v bite_v great_a piece_n out_o of_o the_o whale_n and_o sometime_o eat_v up_o all_o the_o fat_a the_o fisherman_n have_v find_v whale_n half_o devour_v by_o they_o they_o be_v take_v with_o a_o bait_n fasten_v to_o a_o hook_n with_o a_o iron_n chain_n for_o a_o rope_n they_o will_v present_o sheer_a asunder_o the_o whale_n when_o the_o sea_n begin_v to_o freeze_v go_v southward_o disperse_v themselves_o some_o unto_o the_o coast_n of_o america_n some_o few_o this_o way_n and_o many_o keep_v in_o the_o deep_a and_o wide_a ocean_n where_o the_o basques_n who_o say_v that_o the_o whale_n follow_v the_o light_n use_v to_o fish_n for_o they_o before_o greenland_n be_v discover_v and_o i_o have_v hear_v that_o the_o dutch_a catch_v a_o whale_n near_o japan_n that_o have_v stick_v in_o her_o a_o harp_v iron_n lose_v at_o greenland_n willoughbies-island_n the_o dutch_a have_v no_o way_n to_o take_v from_o sir_n hugh_n willoughby_n the_o honour_n of_o first_o adventure_v upon_o these_o northern_a coast_n which_o he_o do_v by_o the_o commission_n and_o at_o the_o charge_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o six_o but_o at_o the_o advice_n and_o direction_n of_o the_o great_a seaman_n sebastian_n cabot_n grand_a pilot_n of_o england_n but_o by_o bestow_v on_o he_o a_o imaginary_a title_n of_o a_o island_n which_o they_o call_v willoughbies-island_n and_o which_o they_o place_n near_o nova-zembla_n beside_o what_o we_o have_v speak_v to_o this_o matter_n in_o the_o description_n of_o greenland_n it_o may_v further_o be_v note_v that_o neither_o captain_n edge_n who_o travel_v those_o sea_n so_o many_o time_n nor_o mr._n seller_n nor_o any_o other_o english_a man_n that_o we_o know_v of_o name_v any_o such_o island_n in_o their_o map_n nor_o do_v any_o of_o the_o journal_o of_o our_o mariner_n nor_o h._n hudson_n who_o express_o go_v to_o seek_v for_o it_o mention_v any_o such_o place_n and_o the_o late_a dutch_a map_n of_o nova_n zembla_n which_o be_v the_o near_a country_n to_o that_o imaginary_a island_n set_v out_o 1678_o make_v not_o any_o mention_n of_o it_o nor_o do_v sir_n h._n willoughby_n seem_v to_o have_v sail_v that_o way_n which_o be_v east_n and_o by_o north_n from_o sainam_n but_o set_v his_o course_n towards_o north-east_n nor_o do_v the_o description_n he_o make_v of_o the_o country_n agree_v to_o a_o small_a island_n all_o which_o be_v consider_v mr._n purchas_n with_o good_a reason_n several_a time_n affirm_v that_o willoughbies-island_n be_v no_o other_o than_o a_o conceit_n of_o the_o cart-maker_n and_o for_o such_o we_o shall_v let_v it_o pass_v till_o better_v inform_v nova-zembla_a nova-zembla_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o samoieds_fw-fr country_n by_o the_o streit_n of_o waygates_n or_o as_o the_o new_a map_n call_v they_o straet_n van_fw-mi nassau_n it_o be_v first_o discover_v by_o the_o english_a in_o 1556_o and_o since_o visit_v by_o several_a both_o english_a and_o dutch_a who_o have_v attempt_v to_o find_v out_o a_o passage_n that_o way_n into_o the_o tartarian-sea_n and_o so_o far_o to_o cathay_n china_n japan_n etc._n etc._n yet_o notwithstanding_o all_o their_o endeavour_n very_o little_a progress_n have_v be_v make_v in_o that_o discovery_n except_o you_o will_v say_v that_o they_o discover_v by_o sad_a experience_n that_o though_o perhaps_o the_o sea_n may_v be_v continue_v through_o those_o streit_n yet_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o very_a great_a hindrance_n as_o well_o as_o danger_n of_o the_o ice_n it_o be_v unpassable_a or_o if_o in_o some_o warm_a summer_n perhaps_o it_o may_v be_v sail_v yet_o be_v the_o danger_n and_o trouble_n so_o great_a that_o it_o be_v not_o worth_a the_o hazard_n and_o charge_n of_o the_o adventure_n especial_o since_o the_o miscarriage_n of_o that_o worthy_a pilot_n william_n barent_n who_o out_o of_o confidence_n of_o the_o feasibility_n of_o the_o enterprise_n adventure_v so_o far_o that_o his_o ship_n be_v first_o hem_v in_o and_o afterward_o freeze_v and_o break_v in_o the_o ice_n so_o that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o winter_n upon_o the_o land_n where_o the_o good_a man_n lose_v his_o life_n of_o who_o suffering_n by_o cold_a i_o have_v before_o speak_v only_o give_v i_o leave_v here_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o their_o particular_a observation_n of_o the_o set_n and_o rise_v of_o the_o sun_n compare_v they_o with_o other_o make_v in_o greenland_n by_o the_o english_a our_o man_n that_o winter_v in_o greenland_n 1630_o night_n the_o length_n of_o their_o night_n lose_v the_o light_n of_o the_o sun_n entire_o oct._n 14_o and_o see_v he_o not_o again_o till_o feb._n 3._o those_o that_o stay_v there_o in_o 1633_o say_v that_o oct._n 5_o be_v the_o last_o day_n they_o see_v the_o sun_n though_o they_o have_v a_o twilight_n by_o which_o they_o can_v read_v till_o the_o 17_o on_o the_o 22_o the_o star_n be_v plain_a to_o be_v see_v all_o the_o 24_o hour_n and_o so_o continue_v all_o winter_n jan._n 15_o they_o perceive_v for_o six_o or_o seven_o hour_n about_o noon_n so_o much_o light_n as_o they_o can_v make_v shift_n to_o read_v by_o it_o feb._n 12_o they_o see_v the_o light_n of_o the_o sun_n upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o the_o next_o day_n his_o whole_a body_n those_o in_o greenland_n in_o 1634_o who_o all_o perish_a there_o leave_v in_o writing_n that_o the_o sun_n disappear_v oct._n 10_o and_o be_v see_v again_o feb._n 14._o those_o that_o winter_v in_o nova-zembla_n in_o 1596_o in_o 76_o deg_fw-la on_o nou._n 2._o new_a stile_n say_v purchas_n i._n e._n oct._n 23_o see_v the_o sun_n not_o full_o above_o the_o earth_n it_o rise_v south-south-east_n and_o set_v south-south-west_n after_o nou._n 4_o oct._n 25_o they_o see_v the_o sun_n no_o more_o but_o the_o moon_n continue_v as_o long_o as_o she_o be_v in_o high_a degree_n to_o be_v see_v day_n and_o night_n jan._n 24_o they_o see_v the_o edge_n of_o the_o sun_n above_o the_o horizon_n and_o 27_o he_o total_o appear_v and_o he_o then_o be_v in_o 5_o deg_fw-la 25_o min._n of_o aquarius_n they_o far_o observe_v that_o by_o a_o ephemerides_n which_o they_o carry_v with_o they_o at_o venice_n will_v be_v a_o conjunction_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o jupiter_n that_o very_a day_n at_o one_o a_o clock_n in_o the_o morning_n which_o they_o in_o nova-zembla_n see_v at_o 6_o in_o taurus_z so_o that_o the_o difference_n of_o longitude_n of_o these_o two_o place_n be_v 5_o hour_n which_o answer_v to_o 75_o deg_fw-la venice_n therefore_o be_v account_v in_o the_o longitude_n of_o 37_o deg_fw-la 25._o min._n nova-zembla_n must_v be_v 112_o deg_fw-la 25_o min._n and_o from_o thence_o it_o be_v no_o more_o than_o 60_o deg_fw-la to_o cape_n tabin_n the_o uttermost_a point_n of_o tartary_n what_o to_o say_v to_o these_o observation_n so_o contrary_a to_o all_o astronomer_n i_o know_v not_o have_v barent_n make_v they_o they_o will_v have_v stagger_v we_o more_o but_o since_o the_o observer_n have_v so_o gross_o mistake_v in_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n which_o he_o always_o place_n in_o 76_o deg_fw-la insomuch_o that_o hudson_n say_v that_o that_o place_n be_v by_o they_o lay_v too_o far_o north_n much_o out_o of_o its_o place_n to_o what_o end_n he_o know_v not_o we_o have_v the_o less_o reason_n to_o assent_v to_o he_o in_o the_o rest_n beside_o to_o place_n nova-zembla_n in_o 76_o be_v to_o make_v it_o in_o the_o same_o latitude_n as_o horn-sound_a in_o greenland_n which_o no_o man_n ever_o affirm_v nor_o can_v any_o one_o imagine_v that_o the_o refraction_n of_o the_o sunbeam_n can_v cause_v such_o a_o difference_n for_o mr._n baffins_n observation_n which_o he_o make_v in_o greenland_n from_o the_o air_n whereof_o that_o in_o nova-zembla_n can_v much_o differ_v will_v not_o admit_v any_o thing_n like_o that_o difference_n which_o take_v in_o his_o own_o word_n behold_v it_o about_o a_o north-north-east_n sun_n by_o the_o common_a compass_n at_o which_o time_n the_o sun_n be_v at_o the_o low_a one_o five_o of_o his_o body_n be_v above_o the_o horizon_n and_o four_o fifth_n below_o his_o declination_n for_o that_o instant_n be_v 10_o deg_fw-la 35_o min._n north_n be_v at_o noon_n in_o 2_o deg_fw-la 7_o min._n of_o virgo_fw-la his_o daily_a motion_n be_v 38_o min._n who_o half_a be_v 19_o to_o be_v
edward_n the_o confessor_n as_o to_o the_o tribute_n pay_v by_o lewis_n xi_o of_o france_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n i_o shall_v say_v no_o more_o then_o that_o it_o be_v well_o know_v upon_o what_o ground_n our_o king_n especial_o henry_n v._n and_o henry_n vi_o the_o latter_a of_o which_o be_v crown_v king_n of_o france_n in_o paris_n pretend_v a_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n before_o his_o day_n and_o what_o reason_n they_o have_v to_o demand_v a_o tribute_n so_o that_o hartknoch_n argument_n draw_v from_o these_o two_o example_n amount_n to_o no_o more_o than_o this_o that_o the_o emperor_n of_o germany_n have_v never_o any_o more_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n than_o the_o danish_a king_n have_v have_v to_o the_o throne_n of_o england_n or_o the_o english_a to_o the_o sceptre_n of_o france_n and_o what_o kind_n of_o pretension_n those_o be_v historian_n can_v inform_v we_o sveciae_fw-la norvegiae_fw-la et_fw-la daniae_fw-la nova_fw-la tabula_fw-la sweden_n scandia_n or_o scandinavia_n probable_o so_o name_v from_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n who_o call_v themselves_o schaanau_n or_o shane_n though_o junius_n think_v it_o may_v be_v very_o well_o so_o call_v from_o the_o ancient_a word_n schans_n signify_v a_o fortification_n the_o situation_n of_o the_o country_n be_v well_o fence_v by_o the_o greek_n baltia_n or_o basilia_n â—â—tion_n â—â—anâ—â—d_v its_o â—â—tion_n be_v a_o large_a peninsula_n lie_v betwixt_o 55_o and_o 72_o degree_n of_o northerly_a latitude_n and_o about_o 25_o and_o 65_o of_o longitude_n it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o west_n and_o north_n by_o the_o vast_a ocean_n on_o the_o east_n by_o part_n of_o muscovy_n and_o the_o sinus_n finnicus_n and_o on_o the_o south_n by_o the_o baltic_a sea_n which_o peninsula_n be_v inhabit_v by_o divers_a nation_n as_o the_o suiones_n or_o sueci_n queni_fw-la northmanni_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v account_v the_o store-house_n of_o man_n and_o original_a of_o thirty_o potent_a nation_n disperse_v into_o most_o part_n of_o the_o habitable_a world_n but_o we_o shall_v now_o at_o this_o time_n speak_v only_o of_o the_o principall_a part_n of_o it_o situate_v towards_o the_o most_o easterly_a point_n wherein_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o a_o great_a and_o powerful_a empire_n which_o have_v of_o late_o spread_v itself_o very_o large_o out_o of_o this_o peninsula_n command_v by_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n his_o dominion_n comprehend_v all_o from_o the_o freeze_a sea_n on_o the_o north_n the_o dofrine_n hill_n or_o scar_n on_o the_o west_n the_o lake_n ladoga_n and_o onega_n and_o part_n of_o russia_n on_o the_o east_n and_o the_o sund_n or_o oresund_n and_o the_o baltic_a sea_n on_o the_o south_n omit_v for_o the_o present_a the_o new_a accession_n in_o livonia_n etc._n etc._n of_o which_o in_o due_a place_n that_o we_o may_v speak_v distinct_o of_o this_o great_a empire_n â—â—viâ—â—_n â—â—pâ—â—nd_v â—â—viâ—â—_n we_o will_v begin_v first_o of_o all_o with_o the_o north_n which_o be_v inhabit_v by_o a_o sort_n of_o people_n call_v lap_n or_o laplander_n all_o which_o notwithstanding_o be_v not_o subject_n of_o the_o swede_n the_o easterly_a part_n be_v under_o the_o muscovite_n and_o the_o westerly_a under_o the_o dane_n however_o we_o shall_v speak_v of_o they_o indistinct_o their_o manner_n language_n and_o custom_n be_v the_o same_o in_o all_o 1._o lapland_n muscovitick_a lapland_n muscovitick_a lapland_n call_v by_o the_o ancient_a geographer_n biarmia_n at_o present_a by_o the_o swede_n trennis_n by_o the_o russes_z tarchanavoloch_n and_o by_o the_o native_n pyhinienni_n take_v in_o all_o the_o maritime_a tract_n of_o ground_n which_o lie_v from_o about_o kola_n to_o the_o white_a sea_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n or_o province_n 1._o mourmanskoy_n or_o maritime_a leporie_n 2._o tersa_n or_o terskoy_n leporie_n and_o 3._o bellamoreskoy_n leporie_n the_o exact_a description_n whereof_o be_v not_o accurate_o know_v to_o we_o 2._o lapland_n norwegian_a lapland_n norwegian_a lapland_n former_o call_v scrickfinnia_n by_o jornandes_n scretfennia_n now_o finmark_n or_o the_o province_n of_o wardhuus_n run_v all_o along_o the_o norwegian_a shore_n from_o the_o lake_n tornetresk_n near_o the_o dofrine_n hill_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o wardhuus_n but_o how_o much_o more_o easterly_a be_v not_o exact_o discover_v to_o we_o all_o this_o province_n or_o lieutenancy_n belong_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o denmark_n 3._o swedish_n lapland_n or_o as_o the_o swede_n call_v it_o lapland_n swedish_n lapland_n lapmark_n it_o contain_v all_o that_o most_o southern_a and_o inland_n part_v of_o lappia_n from_o the_o province_n of_o helsingia_a in_o sweden_n to_o the_o lieutenancy_n of_o wardhuus_n or_o quite_o to_o the_o north_n sea_n it_o be_v count_v by_o some_o to_o be_v of_o equal_a extent_n with_o almost_o all_o sweden_n proper_o so_o call_v andr._n buraeus_fw-la say_v it_o contain_v in_o length_n above_o four_o hundred_o english_a mile_n and_o in_o breadth_n three_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o this_o lapland_n be_v divide_v into_o six_o lesser_a part_n or_o province_n call_v markar_n i._n e._n land_n all_o which_o have_v their_o name_n from_o the_o most_o remarkable_a river_n that_o run_v through_o each_o of_o they_o 1._o the_o first_o and_o most_o northerly_a of_o all_o be_v tornelapmark_n lapland_n the_o province_n of_o swedish_n lapland_n extend_v itself_o from_o the_o further_a corner_n of_o the_o bay_n of_o bothnia_n all_o along_o or_o near_o to_o the_o north_n sea_n call_v by_o our_o seaman_n north-cape_n 2._o next_o to_o this_o lie_v kimilapmark_n wind_v from_o the_o north_n towards_o the_o east_n and_o bound_v on_o one_o side_n by_o the_o eastern_a bothnia_n on_o another_o by_o that_o part_n of_o lapland_n which_o belong_v to_o russia_n and_o on_o a_o three_o side_n by_o cajania_n and_o carelia_n 3._o west_n of_o tornelapmark_n lie_v lulalapmark_n which_o have_v on_o the_o westside_n the_o dofrine_n hill_n and_o also_o on_o the_o south_n 4._o pithalapmark_n a_o province_n very_o mountainous_a and_o barren_a 5._o next_o to_o this_o vmalapmark_n bound_v as_o the_o former_a upon_o the_o west_n bothnia_n and_o the_o dofrine_n hill_n 6._o south_n of_o which_o lie_v angermandlandslapmark_n border_v upon_o angermannia_n and_o temptia_n though_o angermandlandslapmark_n and_o vmalapmark_n be_v by_o many_o author_n reckon_v for_o one_o because_o they_o be_v both_o govern_v by_o one_o lieutenant_n yet_o be_v they_o distinct_a province_n each_o of_o these_o province_n be_v according_a to_o the_o ancient_a manner_n of_o the_o country_n subdivide_v into_o lesser_a part_n call_v by_o the_o swede_n byar_n division_n their_o lesser_a division_n and_o be_v equivalent_a to_o our_o shire_n and_o the_o pagi_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o ancient_n which_o be_v not_o village_n or_o country_n town_n but_o large_a part_n of_o a_o country_n there_o be_v several_a of_o these_o shire_n or_o pagi_n in_o each_o province_n except_o angermandlandslapmark_n which_o make_v but_o one_o pagus_n vulgar_o call_v aosahla_n vmalapmark_n have_v four_o vma_n lais_n or_o raanby_n granby_n and_o vapsteen_n pithalapmark_n have_v seven_o graotreskby_n arfwejerfsby_n lochteby_n arrieplogsby_n wisierfby_n norvesterby_n westerby_n lulalapmark_n have_v five_o jochmoch_n sochjoch_n torpinjaur_n zerkislocht_v and_o rautomjaur_n tornelapmark_n have_v nine_o tingewaara_o siggewaara_n sondewara_fw-mi ronolaby_o pellejerf_n kiedkajerf_n mansialka_n saodankyla_n and_o kithilaby_n so_o that_o all_o the_o territory_n be_v divide_v into_o thirty-three_a byars_n in_o each_o of_o these_o there_o be_v several_a clan_n or_o family_n which_o the_o swede_n call_v rakar_n in_o the_o byar_n call_v aosahla_n there_o be_v about_o thirty_o in_o other_o more_o or_o less_o according_a as_o they_o be_v in_o bigness_n and_o fertility_n distinguish_v by_o several_a name_n each_o of_o which_o have_v a_o certain_a alotment_n of_o ground_n assign_v they_o for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o themselves_o and_o their_o cattle_n not_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o country_n farm_n but_o of_o a_o very_a great_a length_n and_o breadth_n so_o as_o sometime_o to_o contain_v river_n lake_n wood_n and_o the_o like_a which_o all_o belong_v to_o one_o clan_n or_o family_n who_o enjoy_v it_o all_o in_o common_a without_o appropriate_v it_o to_o several_a person_n and_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o division_n of_o lapland_n not_o late_o make_v except_o that_o under_o charles_n ix_o some_o clan_o have_v certain_a allotment_n assign_v they_o but_o derive_v from_o very_o ancient_a time_n as_o appear_v from_o hence_o that_o neither_o the_o laplander_n have_v know_v nor_o the_o swede_n give_v they_o any_o other_o since_o the_o country_n have_v be_v under_o their_o subjection_n and_o it_o may_v not_o seem_v improbable_a that_o this_o manner_n of_o possess_v be_v begin_v immediate_o after_o the_o flood_n propriety_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o populousness_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o lapland_n suppose_v the_o
cucullum_fw-la in_o which_o last_o word_n we_o have_v as_o many_o numeral_a letter_n as_o will_v give_v we_o the_o year_n 1315._o 1318._o ludowic_n duke_n of_o bavaria_n after_o a_o interregnum_fw-la of_o some_o year_n be_v elect_v and_o crown_v emperor_n by_o a_o majority_n of_o the_o elector_n but_o be_v oppose_v by_o frideric_n duke_n of_o austria_n the_o emperor_n albert_n son_n who_o be_v set_v up_o by_o another_o faction_n and_o crown_v at_o bonna_n a_o small_a town_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o colen_n for_o some_o time_n the_o dispute_n be_v manage_v with_o equal_a success_n betwixt_o the_o two_o emperor_n but_o at_o the_o last_o the_o victory_n go_v on_o ludowic_n side_n who_o have_v utter_o rout_v frideric_n army_n get_v the_o whole_a empire_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n he_o be_v a_o great_a opposer_n of_o the_o pope_n authority_n insomuch_o that_o in_o a_o public_a oration_n speak_v by_o he_o at_o francfurt_n he_o declare_v open_o quod_fw-la nihil_fw-la juris_fw-la pontifici_fw-la romano_n sit_v in_o imperium_fw-la i._n e._n that_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n have_v no_o reason_n to_o pretend_v to_o any_o jurisdiction_n over_o the_o empire_n he_o depose_v pope_n john_n xxii_o and_o set_v up_o nicolas_n v._o in_o his_o stead_n he_o slight_v the_o pope_n excommunication_n which_o be_v daily_o denounce_v against_o he_o be_v encourage_v thereto_o by_o occam_n and_o some_o other_o who_o come_v in_o with_o he_o for_o a_o share_n in_o the_o curse_n occam_n continual_a advice_n to_o he_o be_v o_o mi_fw-mi imperator_fw-la tu_fw-la i_o gladio_fw-la defend_v ego_fw-la te_fw-la verbis_fw-la &_o scriptis_fw-la defendam_fw-la i._n e._n do_v you_o my_o liege_n guard_v i_o with_o your_o sword_n and_o i_o will_v protect_v you_o with_o word_n and_o writing_n 1346._o upon_o the_o death_n of_o ludowic_n charles_n iv_o son_n of_o john_n king_n of_o bohemia_n be_v elect_v and_o proclaim_v emperor_n by_o a_o gang_n which_o he_o have_v corrupt_v with_o large_a sum_n of_o money_n he_o be_v blame_v by_o some_o historian_n for_o take_v much_o more_o care_n of_o the_o public_a affair_n of_o france_n and_o bohemia_n then_o those_o of_o the_o empire_n for_o be_v more_o solicitous_a in_o promote_a the_o interest_n of_o his_o own_o private_a family_n than_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o last_o they_o represent_v he_o as_o a_o miserable_a penurious_a wretch_n that_o mind_v more_o the_o scrape_n together_o a_o estate_n and_o great_a portion_n for_o his_o child_n rather_o than_o the_o administer_a of_o justice_n and_o the_o grand_a concern_v of_o his_o empire_n and_o people_n however_o it_o be_v commendation_n enough_o to_o say_v that_o he_o be_v the_o first_o contriver_n and_o establisher_n of_o the_o aurea_n bulla_n which_o contain_v a_o register_n of_o all_o the_o rite_n and_o ceremony_n which_o for_o ever_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o german_a prince_n in_o the_o election_n of_o their_o emperor_n of_o which_o more_o hereafter_o he_o be_v doubtless_o a_o prudent_a and_o learned_a prince_n one_o that_o take_v great_a delight_n in_o the_o read_n of_o book_n and_o enjoy_v the_o company_n of_o scholar_n there_o be_v three_o more_o emperor_n elect_v against_o he_o at_o several_a time_n but_o none_o of_o they_o contend_v with_o he_o for_o the_o crown_n the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v edward_n iii_o king_n of_o england_n who_o brave_a exploit_n in_o france_n have_v make_v he_o famous_a all_o europe_n over_o but_o he_o find_v employment_n enough_o in_o the_o management_n of_o his_o own_o dominion_n at_o home_n very_o generous_o refuse_v the_o imperial_a diadem_n when_o it_o be_v offer_v to_o he_o the_o second_o be_v frideric_n landtgrave_n of_o thuringen_n who_o for_o a_o good_a sum_n of_o money_n very_o willing_o quit_v his_o pretension_n gunther_n earl_n of_o schwartzburgh_n be_v the_o three_o who_o be_v crown_v at_o aix_n la_fw-fr chappelle_n and_o draw_v up_o his_o force_n near_o francfurt_n intend_v to_o have_v give_v his_o rival_n battle_n but_o charles_n be_v loath_a to_o encounter_v so_o great_a a_o soldier_n and_o hazard_v a_o empire_n at_o one_o engagement_n which_o have_v cost_v he_o such_o large_a sum_n as_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v to_o some_o of_o his_o votary_n he_o still_o fancy_v his_o gold_n be_v the_o best_a weapon_n he_o have_v to_o trust_v to_o and_o so_o indeed_o it_o prove_v for_o therewith_o he_o hire_v a_o physician_n to_o poison_v gunther_n body_n which_o make_v he_o unfit_a for_o government_n that_o do_v he_o compound_v with_o his_o child_n and_o a_o small_a piece_n of_o money_n buy_v off_o their_o title_n he_o reign_v thirty-two_a year_n 1378._o wenceslaus_n charles_n the_o four_o son_n succeed_v his_o father_n upon_o his_o earnest_a entreaty_n for_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o himself_o that_o can_v deserve_v a_o crown_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o give_v himself_o up_o to_o all_o manner_n of_o vicious_a practice_n and_o towards_o the_o late_a end_n prove_v a_o cruel_a but_o unfortunate_a tyrant_n he_o be_v twice_o take_v prisoner_n but_o make_v his_o escape_n at_o last_o the_o elector_n weary_a of_o so_o sordid_a a_o emperor_n depose_v he_o after_o he_o have_v reign_v twentytwo_a year_n frideric_n duke_n of_o brunswic_n be_v elect_v into_o the_o room_n of_o wenceslaus_n but_o never_o live_v to_o enjoy_v the_o imperial_a crown_n for_o return_v from_o the_o election_n he_o be_v barbarous_o slay_v by_o henry_n count_n waldeck_n who_o with_o a_o company_n of_o ruffian_n lay_v in_o ambush_n for_o he_o near_o fritzlar_n whereupon_o the_o elector_n immediate_o return_v to_o francfurt_n and_o choose_v 1400._o rupert_n elector_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhine_n a_o prince_n of_o great_a valour_n though_o never_o engage_v in_o any_o war_n but_o by_o constraint_n the_o great_a enterprise_n he_o ever_o set_v upon_o be_v the_o recovery_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o milan_n which_o his_o predecessor_n wenceslaus_n have_v sell_v but_o john_n galeazze_v at_o that_o time_n duke_n of_o milan_n quick_o rout_v his_o army_n and_o force_v he_o to_o retire_v back_o into_o germany_n he_o die_v in_o peace_n after_o he_o have_v reign_v nine_o year_n and_o ten_o month_n and_o be_v bury_v at_o spire_n 1410._o jodocus_n barbatus_n marquis_n of_o moravia_n and_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o four_o nephew_n succeed_v rupert_n he_o reign_v no_o long_o than_o five_o month_n be_v no_o way_n qualify_v for_o a_o emperor_n and_o have_v nothing_o remarkable_a in_o he_o but_o his_o beard_n which_o surname_v he_o barbatus_n 1411._o sigismond_n wenceslaus_n brother_n king_n of_o hungary_n and_o bohemia_n be_v choose_v into_o jodocus_n place_n by_o a_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o all_o the_o elector_n historian_n represent_v this_o emperor_n as_o a_o prince_n of_o incomparable_a piety_n learning_n and_o valour_n who_o want_v nothing_o but_o success_n in_o his_o undertake_n to_o make_v he_o complete_o happy_a he_o be_v a_o great_a promoter_n of_o the_o council_n of_o constance_n hold_v in_o the_o year_n 1415_o wherein_o john_n huss_n and_o jerom_n of_o prague_n notwithstanding_o the_o emperor_n pass_v and_o promise_v that_o they_o shall_v return_v safe_a to_o bohemia_n be_v condemn_v to_o be_v burn_v alive_a for_o heretic_n this_o so_o incense_v the_o hussites_n that_o they_o immediate_o rebel_v against_o sigismond_n under_o the_o command_n of_o their_o general_n zysca_n who_o have_v be_v breed_v up_o in_o the_o emperor_n court_n this_o zysca_n prove_v so_o fortunate_a in_o the_o field_n that_o he_o vanquish_v the_o emperor_n army_n fourteen_o several_a time_n he_o be_v a_o captain_n of_o that_o courage_n that_o after_o his_o death_n his_o soldier_n cover_v a_o drum_n with_o his_o skin_n imagine_v that_o the_o noise_n thereof_o will_v strike_v terror_n into_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o stout_a of_o their_o enemy_n sigismond_n have_v reign_v twenty-seven_o year_n most_o of_o which_o time_n be_v spend_v in_o a_o continual_a war_n with_o the_o hussites_n die_v and_o leave_v his_o empire_n to_o his_o son-in-law_n 1440._o frideric_n iii_o or_o iu_o if_o we_o reckon_v the_o duke_n of_o brunswic_n who_o be_v slay_v at_o fritzlar_n for_o one_o duke_n of_o austria_n be_v unanimous_o elect_v into_o the_o imperial_a throne_n upon_o the_o decease_n of_o the_o emperor_n albert_n and_o be_v crown_v emperor_n at_o rome_n by_o pope_n nicolas_n v._o he_o make_v it_o his_o whole_a business_n to_o procure_v and_o establish_v a_o universal_a peace_n in_o christendom_n and_o to_o that_o end_n procure_v the_o call_n of_o the_o council_n of_o basil_n he_o marry_v leonora_n daughter_n of_o alphonsus_n king_n of_o portugal_n whence_o the_o house_n of_o spain_n and_o austria_n be_v unite_v into_o one_o family_n he_o reign_v fifty_o and_o three_o year_n the_o long_a of_o any_o of_o the_o german_a emperor_n and_o die_v as_o some_o say_v of_o a_o surfeit_n by_o