famous_a and_o learned_a master_n john_n bodine_n make_v answer_n unto_o these_o two_o paradox_n first_o show_v how_o m._n malestroit_n have_v abuse_v himself_o to_o use_v the_o example_n of_o velvet_n to_o prove_v his_o assertion_n for_o he_o prove_v that_o velvet_n be_v yet_o unknown_a in_o france_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o philip_n surname_v the_o fair_a and_o that_o although_o he_o shall_v admit_v the_o example_n of_o velvet_n yet_o it_o be_v no_o consequence_n for_o all_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o so_o dear_a proportionable_o and_o concern_v the_o price_n of_o wine_n and_o corn_n he_o do_v prove_v the_o same_o to_o be_v dear_a 20_o time_n and_o more_o or_o less_o upon_o occasion_n conclude_v that_o those_o example_n be_v also_o unfit_a and_o then_o he_o come_v to_o the_o price_n of_o land_n which_o can_v increase_v or_o diminish_v nor_o be_v alter_v of_o their_o goodness_n if_o they_o be_v manure_v whereupon_o he_o take_v occasion_n to_o show_v the_o fertility_n of_o 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country_n to_o inhabit_v they_o and_o the_o spaniard_n be_v negligent_a and_o lazy_a be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o arragon_n and_o navarre_n without_o any_o labourer_n or_o any_o other_o workman_n but_o only_o frenchmen_n which_o be_v more_o serviceable_a and_o active_a another_o cause_n of_o the_o riches_n of_o france_n be_v the_o trade_n have_v since_o their_o king_n francis_n the_o first_o with_o the_o turk_n and_o barbarian_a &_o the_o bank_n of_o lion_n erect_v in_o his_o time_n bring_v abundance_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n into_o france_n when_o he_o pay_v 8_o upon_o the_o hundred_o for_o money_n and_o his_o successor_n ten_o afterward_o 16_o and_o 20_o upon_o urgent_a necessity_n which_o make_v the_o florentine_n lugueses_n genoese_n german_n and_o other_o to_o come_v &_o dwell_v in_o the_o realm_n by_o which_o mean_v also_o the_o
england_n view_n in_o the_o unmask_n of_o two_o paradox_n with_o a_o replication_n unto_o the_o answer_n of_o master_n john_n bodine_n by_o gerrard_n de_fw-fr malynes_n merchant_n opposita_fw-la iuxta_fw-la se_fw-la posita_fw-la magis_fw-la apparent_a anchora_fw-la spei_fw-la london_n print_v by_o richard_n field_n 1603._o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a sir_n thomas_n sackuile_n baron_n of_o buckhurst_n lord_n high_a treasurer_n of_o england_n knight_n of_o the_o most_o noble_a order_n of_o the_o garter_n and_o one_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o her_o majesty_n most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n g._n de_fw-fr m._n wish_v all_o health_n increase_n of_o honour_n and_o everlasting_a happiness_n these_o two_o paradox_n right_a honourable_a have_v be_v present_v unto_o the_o french_a king_n as_o a_o mean_a to_o qualify_v the_o general_a complaint_n of_o the_o dearth_n of_o thing_n in_o france_n by_o prove_v that_o nothing_o be_v grow_v dear_a in_o three_o hundred_o year_n be_v answer_v by_o the_o famous_a m._n john_n bodine_n who_o dedicate_v his_o answer_n unto_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n of_o france_n as_o a_o matter_n of_o great_a consequence_n and_o considerable_a in_o the_o government_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n hence_o proceed_v that_o resolution_n which_o embolden_v i_o to_o present_v unto_o your_o lordship_n the_o substance_n of_o both_o their_o write_n with_o all_o their_o argument_n and_o propound_a remedy_n to_o the_o end_n that_o in_o the_o balance_n of_o your_o grave_a wisdom_n they_o may_v be_v weigh_v with_o my_o replication_n thereunto_o show_v how_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v of_o for_o the_o good_a of_o a_o commonwealth_n your_o honour_n judgement_n shall_v easy_o perceive_v that_o the_o paradox_n be_v opposite_a and_o do_v contradict_v one_o another_o beside_o the_o slender_a and_o weak_a ground_n of_o their_o foundation_n as_o also_o that_o master_n bodine_n have_v mistake_v the_o true_a ground_n of_o the_o matter_n by_o compare_v the_o price_n of_o thing_n within_o themselves_o in_o a_o commonwealth_n whereas_o the_o comparison_n must_v be_v between_o the_o home_n commodity_n of_o one_o commonwealth_n and_o the_o foreign_a commodity_n of_o other_o nation_n and_o that_o either_o by_o way_n of_o permutation_n of_o commodity_n for_o commodity_n or_o by_o commodity_n for_o money_n in_o specie_fw-la or_o by_o exchange_n so_o that_o a_o due_a consideration_n must_v be_v have_v of_o the_o course_n of_o commodity_n money_n and_o exchange_n which_o be_v the_o essential_a part_n of_o all_o trade_n and_o traffic_v wherein_o must_v be_v consider_v the_o end_n of_o all_o merchant_n which_o be_v gaine_n and_o profit_n at_o which_o scope_n they_o aim_v according_a to_o their_o profession_n and_o practice_n some_o by_o commodity_n some_o by_o money_n some_o by_o exchange_n some_o by_o all_o three_o or_o that_o which_o yield_v they_o most_o gain_v for_o as_o money_n do_v rule_v the_o course_n of_o commodity_n so_o the_o exchange_n for_o money_n do_v both_o rule_n the_o course_n of_o money_n and_o commodity_n by_o the_o disorder_n whereof_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o riches_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n do_v so_o much_o decrease_v as_o it_o be_v not_o always_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o wise_a that_o have_v the_o manage_n of_o the_o government_n thereof_o to_o make_v choice_n of_o the_o best_a and_o to_o banish_v the_o worst_a but_o must_v not_o only_o obey_v the_o tempest_n and_o strike_v sail_n but_o also_o cast_v over_o board_n some_o precious_a thing_n to_o save_v the_o ship_n and_o bring_v it_o into_o a_o safe_a port_n and_o afterward_o by_o degree_n overcome_v great_a thing_n change_v the_o estate_n thereof_o from_o evil_a to_o good_a and_o from_o good_a to_o better_v which_o otherwise_o may_v have_v be_v prevent_v in_o the_o begin_n by_o remove_v the_o cause_n thereof_o to_o your_o most_o honourable_a judgement_n i_o refer_v the_o consideration_n of_o all_o and_o pray_v the_o almighty_a to_o have_v your_o honour_n in_o his_o divine_a protection_n and_o so_o in_o all_o humility_n i_o take_v leave_n london_n this_o 16._o of_o januarie_n 1603._o your_o lordship_n most_o humble_a and_o in_o all_o duty_n bind_v gerrard_n de_fw-fr malynes_n england_n view_n a_o sentence_n allege_v without_o application_n to_o some_o purpose_n be_v to_o handle_v a_o matter_n without_o conclusion_n and_o he_o that_o will_v attribute_v unto_o any_o man_n the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o essential_a part_n ground_n or_o pillar_n of_o any_o science_n must_v make_v apparent_a proof_n thereof_o otherwise_o his_o assertion_n be_v like_a cloud_n and_o wind_n without_o rain_n or_o like_o a_o arrow_n shoot_v at_o random_n quòd_fw-la oportet_fw-la patremfamilias_a vendacem_fw-la esse_fw-la non_fw-la emacem_fw-la be_v a_o worthy_a sentence_n to_o be_v due_o execute_v of_o all_o good_a householder_n or_o father_n of_o family_n especial_o of_o prince_n that_o be_v the_o father_n of_o the_o great_a family_n of_o commonweal_n who_o as_o justinian_n say_v be_v to_o provide_v careful_o for_o the_o two_o season_n namely_o the_o time_n of_o war_n when_o arm_n be_v necessary_a and_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n more_o fit_v wholesome_a law_n in_o both_o which_o it_o can_v proper_o be_v say_v that_o the_o office_n of_o a_o prince_n be_v whole_o employ_v about_o the_o government_n of_o the_o person_n of_o man_n and_o of_o thing_n convenient_a and_o fit_a for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o humane_a society_n according_a to_o the_o definition_n of_o the_o heathen_n but_o rather_o in_o the_o observation_n of_o religion_n towards_o god_n and_o administration_n of_o justice_n towards_o man_n the_o one_o teach_v we_o especial_o of_o the_o life_n to_o come_v &_o the_o other_o how_o we_o shall_v live_v in_o this_o life_n religion_n do_v knit_v and_o unite_v the_o spirit_n of_o man_n whereby_o they_o live_v obedient_o in_o unity_n peace_n and_o concord_n and_o justice_n be_v as_o a_o measure_n ordain_v by_o god_n among_o man_n to_o defend_v the_o feeble_a from_o the_o mighty_a hence_o proceed_v that_o the_o cause_n of_o sedition_n and_o civil_a war_n be_v the_o denial_n of_o justice_n oppression_n of_o the_o common-people_n inequal_a distribution_n of_o reward_n and_o punishment_n the_o exceed_a riches_n of_o a_o small_a number_n the_o extreme_a poverty_n of_o many_o the_o overgreat_a idleness_n of_o the_o subject_n and_o the_o not_o punish_v of_o offender_n which_o bring_v destruction_n of_o commonweal_n religion_n do_v teach_v the_o fear_n of_o god_n which_o make_v a_o good_a man_n and_o be_v indeed_o the_o beginning_n of_o a_o prince_n for_o since_o prince_n reign_v by_o wisdom_n and_o that_o the_o fear_n of_o god_n be_v the_o beginning_n thereof_o we_o must_v conclude_v that_o it_o be_v the_o beginning_n also_o of_o a_o virtuous_a and_o wise_a prince_n now_o as_o prince_n reign_v by_o god_n so_o must_v they_o be_v direct_v by_o he_o yea_o they_o reign_v best_a and_o long_a that_o serve_v he_o best_a and_o most_o serve_v he_o they_o can_v but_o according_a to_o his_o will_n and_o his_o will_n be_v not_o know_v but_o by_o his_o word_n and_o law_n which_o make_v the_o prophet_n david_n to_o meditate_v therein_o day_n and_o night_n prefer_v the_o cause_n of_o faith_n or_o religion_n before_o temporal_a commodity_n and_o this_o be_v proper_o the_o first_o and_o chief_a point_n that_o the_o prince_n be_v to_o regard_v whereunto_o the_o other_o be_v annex_v and_o do_v depend_v upon_o for_o as_o justice_n be_v administer_v and_o prescribe_v by_o law_n and_o custom_n so_o reason_n require_v that_o this_o gradation_n shall_v be_v observe_v concern_v all_o law_n that_o even_o as_o the_o will_n contract_n or_o testament_n of_o particular_a man_n can_v derogate_v the_o ordinance_n of_o the_o magistrate_n and_o the_o order_n of_o the_o magistrate_n can_v abolish_v custom_n nor_o the_o custom_n can_v abridge_v the_o general_a law_n of_o a_o absolute_a prince_n no_o more_o can_v the_o law_n of_o prince_n alter_v or_o change_v the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n by_o justice_n proper_o call_v distributive_a be_v the_o harmony_n of_o the_o member_n of_o a_o commonweal_n maintain_v in_o good_a concord_n howbeit_o much_o hinder_v where_o usury_n be_v tolerate_v which_o give_v cause_n of_o discord_n some_o few_o wax_a thereby_o too_o rich_a and_o many_o extreme_a poor_a the_o operation_n of_o effect_n whereof_o be_v declare_v by_o i_o under_o certain_a simile_n or_o metaphor_n in_o the_o treatise_n of_o saint_n george_n for_o england_n by_o justice_n proper_o call_v commutative_a be_v the_o commerce_n and_o traffic_n with_o other_o nation_n maintain_v observe_v a_o kind_n of_o equality_n which_o be_v requisite_a in_o every_o well_o govern_v commonwealth_n where_o providence_n and_o policy_n cause_v the_o prince_n the_o father_n of_o the_o great_a family_n to_o sell_v more_o than_o he_o buy_v or_o else_o the_o wealth_n and_o treasure_n of_o his_o realm_n
do_v send_v unto_o the_o duchess_n while_o her_o husband_n be_v in_o germany_n desire_v she_o to_o value_v the_o angel_n at_o 10_o shilling_n flemish_n but_o he_o can_v not_o obtain_v the_o same_o which_o seem_v very_o strange_a consider_v that_o the_o advance_v of_o the_o price_n of_o money_n do_v cause_n the_o money_n to_o be_v transport_v to_o the_o place_n where_o it_o be_v advance_v whereby_o all_o the_o angel_n may_v have_v be_v carry_v into_o her_o dominion_n but_o she_o like_o a_o wise_a and_o politic_a duchess_n cause_v the_o matter_n to_o be_v examine_v and_o consider_v of_o send_v man_n skilful_a in_o mint_n cause_n into_o england_n and_o find_v that_o the_o golden_a fleece_n aliâs_fw-la toison_n d'or_fw-la be_v the_o money_n than_o most_o currant_n with_o she_o and_o that_o the_o same_o be_v worth_a both_o in_o regard_n of_o weight_n &_o fineness_n asmuch_o as_o the_o angel_n &_o be_v also_o value_v at_o 9_o shilling_n 7_o penny_n she_o can_v not_o grant_v the_o king_n request_n without_o alter_v also_o her_o money_n unless_o she_o will_v have_v suffer_v the_o english_a merchant_n to_o bring_v angel_n unto_o she_o for_o 10_o shilling_n and_o to_o carry_v away_o the_o golden_a fleece_n for_o 9_o shilling_n 7_o penny_n to_o be_v convert_v into_o angel_n to_o the_o great_a loss_n of_o her_o dominion_n both_o in_o the_o money_n and_o to_o leave_v the_o commodity_n of_o her_o country_n unuent_v so_o long_o as_o there_o be_v a_o gain_n upon_o the_o money_n which_o abate_v the_o price_n of_o commodity_n these_o two_o paradox_n be_v thus_o unmask_v be_v easy_o conceive_v of_o any_o man_n of_o judgement_n to_o be_v far_o from_o the_o truth_n and_o therefore_o will_v the_o understanding_n thereof_o be_v account_v a_o matter_n of_o small_a moment_n as_o all_o thing_n else_o be_v when_o they_o be_v know_v like_v unto_o the_o egg_n of_o columbus_n who_o have_v discover_v the_o west_n indies_n and_o hear_v some_o say_v at_o a_o dinner_n that_o if_o he_o have_v not_o do_v it_o another_o might_n and_o will_v call_v for_o a_o egg_n and_o will_v all_o the_o guest_n one_o after_o another_o to_o set_v it_o up_o on_o end_n which_o when_o they_o can_v not_o do_v he_o gentle_o bruise_v the_o one_o end_n of_o it_o do_v make_v it_o flat_a or_o rather_o by_o swing_v do_v break_v the_o yolk_n within_o and_o so_o set_v it_o up_o show_v how_o easy_a it_o be_v to_o do_v that_o which_o a_o man_n have_v see_v do_v before_o he_o now_o let_v we_o examine_v the_o answer_n of_o master_n bodine_n master_n malestroit_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o nothing_o be_v grow_v dear_a in_o three_o hundred_o year_n as_o be_v before_o show_v but_o master_n bodine_n be_v of_o a_o contrary_a opinion_n and_o show_v five_o cause_n of_o the_o dearth_n of_o thing_n as_o we_o have_v also_o declare_v whereunto_o for_o a_o general_a and_o direct_a answer_n by_o way_n of_o replication_n we_o say_v that_o to_o show_v the_o alteration_n of_o the_o price_n of_o thing_n and_o the_o cause_n thereof_o be_v of_o small_a moment_n the_o true_a ground_n of_o the_o matter_n be_v by_o he_o mistake_v which_o true_a ground_n must_v be_v by_o make_v a_o comparison_n of_o the_o enhaunce_n of_o the_o price_n of_o the_o commodity_n of_o one_o country_n with_o the_o price_n of_o the_o commodity_n of_o other_o country_n and_o thereby_o to_o find_v out_o whether_o thing_n be_v grow_v dear_a with_o we_o in_o effect_n and_o whether_o we_o pay_v more_o proportionable_o for_o the_o foreign_a commodity_n within_o the_o aforesaid_a time_n of_o three_o hundred_o year_n than_o we_o do_v receive_v for_o the_o price_n of_o our_o home_n commodity_n for_o if_o we_o do_v now_o pay_v more_o for_o corn_n wine_n and_o all_o other_o victual_n and_o sell_v our_o commodity_n for_o more_o than_o we_o be_v wont_a to_o do_v proportionable_o here_o be_v no_o alteration_n in_o effect_n but_o in_o name_n only_o so_o long_o as_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o money_n be_v not_o alter_v in_o property_n but_o if_o we_o sell_v our_o commodity_n dear_a and_o buy_v our_o victual_n dear_a than_o heretofore_o and_o that_o over_o and_o above_o the_o price_n thereof_o we_o must_v pay_v far_o dear_a for_o the_o foreign_a commodity_n then_o proportionable_o the_o price_n of_o our_o commodity_n be_v rise_v this_o cause_v we_o to_o be_v alose_o in_o particular_a and_o bring_v by_o a_o overbalancing_a of_o foreign_a commodity_n with_o our_o home_n commodity_n a_o general_a loss_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n which_o to_o supply_v cause_v we_o to_o make_v up_o the_o inequality_n with_o money_n which_o be_v the_o treasure_n of_o the_o realm_n the_o consideration_n than_o must_v be_v not_o to_o compare_v thing_n within_o themselves_o in_o the_o commonwealth_n where_o we_o do_v live_v but_o between_o we_o and_o other_o nation_n with_o who_o we_o deal_v either_o by_o way_n of_o permutation_n of_o commodity_n for_o commodity_n or_o commodity_n for_o money_n in_o specie_fw-la or_o by_o exchange_n so_o that_o we_o must_v examine_v the_o course_n of_o commodity_n money_n and_o exchange_n which_o be_v the_o three_o simple_n under_o the_o which_o all_o the_o trade_n and_o traffic_n be_v perform_v whereof_o we_o shall_v entreat_v when_o we_o shall_v have_v examine_v the_o matter_n by_o he_o allege_v in_o particular_a the_o five_o cause_n of_o the_o dearth_n of_o thing_n by_o he_o allege_v be_v to_o be_v distinguish_v according_a to_o our_o form_n observation_n for_o the_o first_o &_o last_o cause_n concern_v plenty_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o the_o alteration_n of_o the_o valuation_n of_o money_n may_v be_v cause_n that_o general_o thing_n be_v dear_a but_o the_o other_o three_o touch_v monopoly_n the_o want_n and_o waste_v of_o thing_n and_o the_o pleasure_n of_o prince_n can_v but_o make_v thing_n particular_o dear_a according_a to_o the_o use_n thereof_o wherein_o the_o time_n make_v also_o now_o and_o then_o a_o alteration_n upon_o occasion_n as_o when_o arm_n be_v dear_a in_o time_n of_o war_n then_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n victual_n in_o time_n of_o famine_n wood_n in_o winter_n and_o water_n in_o desert_n place_n and_o such_o like_a see_v then_o that_o plenty_n of_o money_n make_v not_o only_o the_o commodity_n of_o a_o country_n dear_a but_o that_o they_o be_v also_o nerui_fw-la bellorum_fw-la the_o sinew_n of_o war_n every_o prince_n be_v to_o have_v a_o singular_a care_n for_o the_o preservation_n and_o augmentation_n thereof_o especial_o those_o prince_n that_o have_v no_o mine_n of_o gold_n or_o silver_n within_o their_o dominion_n or_o such_o as_o have_v have_v they_o and_o be_v now_o without_o they_o the_o gold_n be_v wont_a to_o come_v much_o out_o of_o the_o mountain_n of_o boheme_n and_o river_n of_o pannonia_n and_o swaden_n out_o of_o spain_n there_o be_v wont_a to_o come_v both_o out_o of_o the_o river_n and_o monntaine_n above_o 20_o thousand_o pound_n weight_n yearly_a which_o be_v all_o exhaust_v than_o it_o come_v from_o the_o west_n indies_n first_o from_o santo_n domingo_n and_o other_o place_n where_o it_o do_v also_o cease_v now_o it_o come_v from_o peru_n by_o certain_a million_o which_o will_v also_o take_v a_o end_n the_o silver_n be_v bring_v also_o from_o the_o west_n indies_n and_o be_v much_o find_v in_o germany_n but_o be_v now_o in_o many_o place_n draw_v out_o the_o most_o noble_a king_n of_o this_o realm_n have_v always_o have_v a_o singular_a care_n to_o accumulate_v treasure_n deem_v therefore_o that_o it_o be_v neither_o expedient_a nor_o convenient_a for_o they_o to_o suffer_v the_o transportation_n of_o their_o money_n or_o bullion_n out_o of_o the_o same_o as_o by_o diverse_a act_n of_o parliament_n may_v be_v see_v whereby_o it_o be_v make_v felony_n for_o the_o space_n of_o many_o year_n continue_v william_n the_o conqueror_n cause_v a_o description_n to_o be_v make_v of_o the_o realm_n and_o the_o land_n to_o be_v measure_v reserve_v so_o much_o thereof_o as_o he_o think_v convenient_a for_o the_o crown_n and_o the_o rest_n he_o divide_v among_o his_o baron_n and_o knight_n who_o do_v pay_v he_o therefore_o a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n whereby_o he_o do_v gather_v a_o treasure_n henry_n the_o second_o succeed_v he_o within_o one_o hundred_o year_n have_v have_v many_o great_a war_n and_o join_v ireland_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n conquer_a also_o scotland_n and_o reduce_v normandy_n and_o other_o place_n in_o france_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o have_v reign_v 35_o year_n have_v never_o cause_v to_o impose_v any_o tribute_n subsidy_n or_o tax_v upon_o his_o subject_n and_o leave_v notwithstanding_o behind_o he_o in_o treasure_n 900_o thousand_o pound_n which_o in_o those_o day_n be_v not_o only_o a_o great_a matter_n the_o west_n indies_n not_o be_v discover_v but_o also_o for_o
1_o 400._o m._n limborgh_n and_o walkenborgh_n 233._o m._n flaunders_n lyle_n and_o douai_n 1_o 559._o m._n henault_n 1_o 050._o m._n artois_n 722._o m._n holland_n 572._o m._n zealand_n 101._o m._n ouerysle_n 840._o m._n freezeland_n 464._o m._n malny_n 15._o m._n namure_n 196._o m._n vtricht_n 227._o m._n grocninghen_n 250._o m._n zutphen_n 357._o m._n meiers_n 35_o m._n and_o other_o place_n of_o the_o empire_n 141._o m._n  _fw-fr all_n 10._o 049._o m._n measure_n italy_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o alps_n and_o germany_n and_o stretch_v itself_o out_o in_o length_n towards_o the_o south_n &_o east_n may_v thus_o be_v describe_v under_o spain_n naples_n 14_o 700._o m._n lombardie_n 2_o 100_o m._n under_o venice_n trevisana_n 3_o 290._o m._n verona_n 740._o m._n frioul_n 1_o 400._o m._n mantua_n 570._o m._n under_o rome_n liguria_n 1_o 865._o m._n romagna_n 1520._o m._n latium_n 570._o m._n hetruria_n 642._o m._n savoy_n 2_o 520._o m._n piamont_n 2_o 100_o m._n tuscan_a florence_n 6_o 160._o m._n sienna_n 570._o m._n marca_n ancona_fw-la 1_o 790._o m._n parma_n plaisance_n 2_o 015._o m._n sicily_n 4_o 200._o m._n cyprus_n 2_o 100_o m._n candia_n 2_o 800._o m._n corsica_n 1_o 680._o m._n sardegnia_fw-la 5_o 600._o m._n  _fw-fr all_n 55_o 580._o m._n measure_n prusia_n lie_v on_o the_o east_n &_o north_n corner_n of_o germany_n 11_o 200._o m._n poland_n lie_v on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o germany_n contain_v 21_o 000._o m._n russenia_n 10_o 500_o m._n volhimia_fw-it 6_o 300._o m._n massovia_n 2_o 098._o m._n livonia_n 30_o 152._o m._n  _fw-fr all_n 70_o 050._o m._n measure_n denmark_n lie_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o germany_n have_v on_o the_o north_n and_o east_n side_n the_o kingdom_n of_o sweden_n &_o on_o the_o north_n side_n &_o west_n of_o sweden_n lie_v the_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n contain_v all_o with_o their_o dominion_n as_o follow_v denmark_n 13_o 643._o m._n norway_n 37_o 296._o m._n sweden_n 64_o 000._o m._n finland_n 8_o 392._o m._n holsten_n 1_o 398._o m._n ditmars_n 442._o m._n gothia_n 23_o 334._o m._n  _fw-fr all_n 148_o 505._o m._n measure_n the_o great_a monarchy_n of_o russia_n or_o moscovia_n begin_v on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o sweden_n extend_v itself_o from_o lapland_n and_o finmarke_n unto_o the_o caspian_a sea_n contain_v in_o it_o a_o great_a part_n of_o europe_n and_o part_n of_o asia_n whereof_o we_o be_v to_o make_v a_o division_n have_v only_o purpose_v to_o make_v a_o particular_a description_n of_o europe_n that_o part_n which_o be_v under_o europe_n contain_v 302_o 957._o m._n measure_n so_o all_o europe_n contain_v 940_o 198._o thousand_o measure_n of_o land_n hungary_n contain_v 21_o 000._o m._n dalmatia_n 4_o 900._o m._n transiluania_n 7000._o m._n with_o whole_a turkey_n contain_v 527,100_o m._n and_o moscovia_n 187,143_o m._n tartary_n contain_v 420,000_o m._n persia_n 560,000_o m._n and_o the_o land_n of_o calicout_n 840,000_o m._n make_v all_o asia_n to_o contain_v 2567_o 143._o m._n measure_n africa_n &_o all_o egypt_n 2240,000_o m._n america_n contain_v 1674,286_o m._n nova_fw-la spania_n contain_v 1960,000_o m._n summa_fw-la tot_fw-la 9_o 381_o 627._o m._n measure_n the_o whole_a earth_n of_o 1000_o measure_n for_o a_o league_n of_o 4_o english_a mile_n the_o territory_n of_o rome_n after_o the_o foundation_n of_o romulus_n do_v contain_v but_o 18_o thousand_o journey_n of_o land_n which_o he_o do_v divide_v into_o three_o equal_a part_n allot_v the_o one_o three_o as_o it_o be_v ecclesiastical_a land_n for_o the_o defray_n of_o the_o sacrifice_n the_o other_o three_o to_o the_o common_a wealth_n as_o it_o be_v crown_n land_n and_o the_o last_o three_o part_n be_v divide_v between_o three_o thousand_o citizen_n of_o all_o sort_n after_o the_o rate_n of_o two_o journey_n for_o every_o one_o william_n the_o conqueror_n cause_v after_o the_o conquest_n a_o description_n to_o be_v make_v of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o the_o land_n to_o be_v measure_v reserve_v for_o the_o crown_n so_o much_o as_o he_o think_v convenient_a and_o bestow_v the_o rest_n upon_o his_o baron_n and_o knight_n he_o cause_v a_o imposition_n or_o tax_v to_o be_v make_v of_o six_o shilling_n upon_o every_o hide_n of_o land_n be_v twenty_o acre_n make_v 160_o acre_n to_o be_v a_o knight_n fee._n and_o so_o have_v leave_v the_o dukedom_n of_o normandy_n unto_o robert_n his_o elder_a son_n do_v thereby_o maintain_v his_o royal_a estate_n &_o dignity_n the_o grecian_n have_v diverse_a mean_n to_o maintain_v their_o estate_n but_o the_o roman_n have_v a_o very_a large_a and_o spacious_a jurisdiction_n have_v most_o mean_n by_o conquest_n and_o tribute_n of_o other_o nation_n the_o ordinary_a mean_n that_o prince_n have_v now_o a_o day_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o their_o royal_a estate_n or_o dignity_n may_v be_v comprehend_v under_o these_o three_o the_o first_o upon_o the_o estimation_n of_o the_o body_n of_o their_o land_n and_o dominion_n of_o all_o immovable_a good_n according_a to_o their_o value_n by_o a_o computation_n upon_o the_o hundred_o or_o a_o proportion_n of_o the_o fruit_n thereof_o which_o be_v comprehend_v under_o natural_a riches_n the_o second_o upon_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v consume_v proceed_v thereof_o namely_o of_o victual_n as_o of_o flesh_n fish_n wine_n bear_v fruit_n and_o such_o like_a of_o rent_n as_o of_o house_n and_o farm_n liberty_n and_o franchise_n manor_n and_o town_n of_o fire_n as_o of_o wood_n and_o coal_n of_o apparel_n as_o of_o woollen_a clothes_n silk_n fur_n flax_n and_o such_o like_a the_o three_o upon_o the_o trade_n and_o traffic_v of_o merchandise_n and_o upon_o the_o person_n of_o man_n according_a to_o their_o degree_n and_o quality_n which_o mean_n be_v increase_v by_o the_o inhabit_v of_o country_n and_o multitude_n of_o people_n which_o cause_v prince_n to_o study_v to_o make_v their_o country_n populous_a and_o to_o increase_v the_o commerce_n &_o traffic_n by_o the_o gain_n whereof_o the_o wealth_n be_v increase_v for_o albeit_o that_o the_o multitude_n of_o people_n make_v the_o price_n of_o land_n to_o rise_v and_o victual_n to_o become_v dear_a yet_o the_o prince_n and_o the_o subject_n mean_n of_o maintenance_n do_v also_o increase_v and_o one_o do_v live_v by_o another_o always_o so_o as_o there_o be_v have_v a_o singular_a care_n to_o set_v poor_a man_n on_o work_n and_o that_o the_o idle_a drone_n do_v not_o consume_v the_o sweet_a honey_n hereupon_o two_o special_a point_n be_v incident_o to_o be_v handle_v namely_o that_o as_o i_o have_v make_v a_o commparison_n of_o country_n and_o country_n under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o prince_n in_o europe_n so_o be_v it_o not_o very_o difficult_a for_o i_o to_o make_v a_o comparison_n of_o the_o wealth_n thereof_o and_o likewise_o of_o the_o ordinary_a mean_n which_o these_o prince_n do_v use_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o their_o estate_n and_o what_o ordinary_a charge_n and_o expense_n they_o do_v sustain_v whereby_o will_v appear_v manifest_o that_o england_n be_v able_a to_o hold_v out_o with_o any_o kingdom_n in_o europe_n but_o fear_v the_o reprehension_n of_o some_o apelles_n this_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o state_n i_o will_v contain_v myself_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o my_o profession_n the_o second_o part_n be_v to_o delare_v many_o and_o diverse_a extraordinary_a mean_n which_o prince_n have_v use_v heretofore_o and_o may_v use_v in_o their_o necessity_n and_o occurrence_n but_o this_o will_v prove_v unnecessary_a consider_v we_o do_v live_v under_o so_o gracious_a a_o princess_n who_o god_n long_o preserve_v to_o reign_v over_o we_o who_o most_o royal_a disposition_n and_o clemency_n do_v rather_o moderate_a imposition_n and_o tax_n then_o invent_v any_o that_o never_o be_v her_o subject_n also_o be_v most_o dutiful_o obedient_a and_o thankful_o incline_v to_o make_v her_o majesty_n voluntary_a offer_v of_o subsidy_n and_o other_o mean_n for_o the_o general_a defence_n of_o the_o realm_n not_o expect_v that_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v of_o they_o require_v yet_o to_o give_v some_o glance_n of_o comparison_n between_o england_n &_o france_n the_o great_a kingdom_n of_o europe_n let_v we_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o observation_n of_o politician_n which_o affirm_v england_n proper_o to_o be_v divide_v into_o 52_o thousand_o village_n or_o hamlet_n as_o there_o be_v week_n in_o the_o year_n much_o after_o the_o division_n which_o the_o athenian_n make_v of_o their_o land_n in_o 365_o part_n as_o there_o be_v day_n in_o the_o year_n and_o to_o contain_v as_o they_o say_v 2800_o thousand_o family_n every_o family_n 6_o person_n be_v 16800_o thousand_o person_n england_n contain_v by_o our_o computation_n but_o 34_o million_o 438_o thousand_o measure_n of_o land_n square_n whereas_o france_n contain_v 91_o million_o 350_o thousand_o