when_o the_o law_n be_v only_o declare_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n if_o the_o king_n and_o the_o two_o house_n declare_v that_o it_o be_v not_o by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n treason_n to_o kill_v or_o to_o attempt_v to_o kill_v the_o king_n the_o queen_n or_o prince_n or_o that_o it_o be_v not_o felony_n to_o steal_v or_o the_o like_a such_o declaration_n be_v of_o no_o effect_n they_o ought_v not_o they_o do_v not_o they_o can_v conclude_v the_o judge_n and_o as_o every_o statute_n may_v be_v judge_v by_o they_o whether_o it_o be_v bind_v or_o void_a so_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o word_n thereof_o must_v be_v by_o the_o judge_n expound_v too_o it_o be_v the_o true_a sense_n which_o be_v the_o law_n not_o the_o bare_a letter_n and_o this_o exposition_n be_v likewise_o the_o office_n of_o the_o judge_n as_o be_v say_v before_o for_o example_n by_o a_o statute_n make_v 1_o eliz._n it_o be_v enact_v that_o all_o lease_n make_v afterward_o by_o any_o bishop_n of_o his_o church-land_n exceed_v print_v 21._o year_n or_o three_o life_n shall_v to_o all_o intent_n and_o purpose_n be_v judge_v void_a and_o yet_o it_o have_v be_v adjudge_v both_o in_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o in_o the_o common_a plea_n that_o a_o lease_n for_o a_o hundred_o year_n be_v not_o void_a against_o that_o bishop_n himself_o who_o be_v lessor_n wherein_o the_o judge_n expound_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o lawmaker_n to_o be_v thus_o that_o their_o intent_n be_v only_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o successor_n not_o to_o relieve_v any_o man_n against_o his_o own_o act_n therefore_o such_o lease_n make_v after_o the_o statute_n exceed_v twenty_o one_o year_n or_o three_o life_n be_v voidable_o only_o by_o the_o successor_n if_o they_o please_v and_o adjudge_v not_o void_a against_o the_o lessour_n himself_o contrary_a to_o the_o express_a word_n of_o the_o statute_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n be_v other_o infinite_a act_n of_o parliament_n expound_v by_o the_o judge_n wherein_o it_o be_v a_o maxim_n in_o law_n that_o their_o exposition_n of_o statute_n ought_v to_o be_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o 352._o common_a law_n by_o which_o it_o appear_v the_o member_n be_v not_o the_o interpreter_n for_o they_o know_v not_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o law_n beside_o the_o parliament_n can_v be_v the_o final_a expounder_n of_o statute_n for_o these_o reason_n 1._o it_o appear_v before_o that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o bare_a letter_n but_o the_o true_a sense_n and_o meaning_n of_o the_o word_n which_o be_v the_o law_n and_o the_o king_n and_o the_o two_o house_n can_v declare_v the_o meaning_n of_o those_o word_n but_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n they_o can_v say_v our_o law_n otherwise_o speak_v what_o ever_o they_o act_n or_o do_v in_o any_o other_o way_n be_v extrajudiciall_a if_o the_o king_n and_o both_o house_n unanimous_o deliver_v a_o opinion_n without_o reduce_v it_o to_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n concern_v the_o meaning_n of_o a_o former_a statute_n it_o be_v of_o no_o more_o nor_o great_a force_n or_o effect_n then_o for_o the_o judge_n of_o a_o court_n of_o judicature_n to_o give_v their_o opinion_n in_o a_o point_n of_o law_n in_o a_o case_n not_o judicial_o depend_v before_o they_o such_o a_o opinion_n bind_v not_o nor_o be_v pleadable_a in_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n and_o beside_o the_o absurd_a inconvenience_n and_o the_o impossibility_n to_o have_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n to_o determine_v every_o question_n arise_v upon_o statute_n it_o may_v so_o happen_v as_o that_o the_o king_n and_o the_o two_o house_n can_v never_o give_v a_o end_n to_o one_o controversy_n for_o example_n suppose_v a_o act_n be_v make_v to_o explain_v the_o meaning_n of_o former_a statute_n ambiguous_o pen_v the_o word_n of_o this_o act_n must_v have_v a_o meaning_n too_o and_o may_v admit_v of_o several_a interpretation_n as_o well_o as_o the_o former_a act_n do_v and_o several_a person_n as_o they_o be_v therein_o concern_v may_v differ_v in_o the_o exposition_n thereof_o and_o so_o irreconcilable_a as_o not_o to_o be_v end_v without_o the_o authority_n of_o a_o judge_n and_o this_o may_v fall_v out_o upon_o every_o act_n of_o explanation_n upon_o explanation_n in_o infinitum_fw-la and_o consequent_o by_o that_o way_n there_o can_v to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o world_n be_v a_o final_a determination_n of_o the_o difference_n 2._o the_o validity_n of_o every_o statute_n and_o the_o exposition_n thereof_o at_o the_o will_n of_o every_o person_n concern_v may_v regular_o be_v bring_v before_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o law_n but_o can_v judicial_o depend_v before_o the_o parliament_n for_o example_n every_o statute_n be_v bind_v or_o void_a if_o bind_v it_o concern_v the_o subject_a in_o his_o person_n or_o estate_n and_o when_o it_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n the_o minister_n or_o actor_n therein_o may_v at_o the_o will_n of_o he_o interrupt_v thereby_o be_v sue_v in_o the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n or_o in_o some_o other_o court_n of_o justice_n by_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n by_o which_o suit_n what_o ever_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v both_o the_o validity_n of_o the_o statute_n and_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o word_n thereof_o be_v submit_v to_o the_o judge_n of_o that_o court_n and_o to_o their_o judgement_n as_o suppose_v this_o case_n to_o arise_v upon_o the_o foresay_a statute_n of_o 23_o h._n 6._o that_o one_o who_o have_v continue_v sheriff_n above_o one_o year_n by_o virtue_n of_o a_o writ_n direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o the_o same_o county_n do_v arrest_v the_o body_n of_o a._n who_o for_o this_o bring_v his_o action_n of_o trespass_n in_o the_o common_a plea_n in_o which_o the_o sheriff_n justify_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o writ_n a._n reply_n plead_v the_o statute_n and_o show_v that_o the_o year_n be_v end_v before_o the_o arrest_n upon_o which_o the_o sheriff_n demur_n in_o law_n by_o these_o plead_n the_o whole_a fact_n be_v confess_v on_o both_o side_n the_o sheriff_n do_v acknowledge_v his_o year_n be_v out_o before_o the_o arrest_n and_o a._n confess_v the_o arrest_n be_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o king_n write_v direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n and_o so_o the_o question_n be_v matter_n of_o law_n it_o be_v to_o be_v determine_v by_o the_o judge_n of_o that_o court_n wherein_o the_o sole_a doubt_n be_v whether_o that_o statute_n be_v bind_v or_o void_a for_o if_o bind_v judgement_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n a._n because_o the_o statute_n be_v good_a the_o defendant_n be_v not_o sheriff_n after_o his_o year_n end_v when_o he_o make_v the_o arrest_n and_o so_o have_v no_o authority_n if_o void_a it_o ought_v to_o be_v give_v for_o the_o sheriff_n for_o then_o the_o law_n be_v not_o by_o it_o alter_v and_o so_o he_o be_v sheriff_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o arrest_n although_o his_o year_n be_v out_o now_o in_o this_o case_n no_o man_n can_v deny_v but_o that_o the_o judge_n must_v give_v judgement_n else_o the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n which_o be_v absurd_a to_o imagine_v have_v not_o power_n to_o determine_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n and_o judgement_n be_v give_v as_o in_o this_o case_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v for_o the_o sheriff_n because_o it_o be_v already_o resolve_v and_o receive_v for_o a_o know_a truth_n that_o the_o foresay_a statute_n bind_v not_o the_o king_n this_o duty_n of_o the_o subject_a to_o serve_v the_o king_n in_o person_n say_v the_o book_n 14._o be_v due_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n can_v be_v sever_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n it_o be_v final_a and_o so_o if_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o a_o member_n of_o the_o commons_o house_n or_o any_o other_o subject_n by_o name_n shall_v not_o be_v condemn_v or_o punish_v for_o murder_n who_o afterward_o commit_v the_o fact_n for_o which_o be_v arraign_v at_o the_o king_n bench_n bar_n he_o plead_v the_o statute_n the_o judge_n even_o against_o the_o express_a word_n and_o intent_n of_o that_o act_n aught_o to_o give_v sentence_n of_o death_n and_o contrariwise_o if_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o all_o pardon_n for_o felony_n to_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v judge_v void_a after_o which_o a_o subject_n commit_v felony_n obtain_v the_o king_n pardon_n for_o it_o be_v arraign_v at_o the_o bar_n and_o plead_v this_o pardon_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v allow_v be_v due_o plead_v and_o the_o justice_n in_o such_o case_n ought_v not_o to_o condemn_v but_o to_o acquit_v the_o prisoner_n and_o these_o judgement_n as_o to_o any_o appeal_n to_o the_o parliament_n be_v final_a they_o can_v be_v bring_v before_o the_o king_n and_o the_o two_o house_n by_o any_o suit_n or_o action_n at_o law_n they_o can_v judicial_o determine_v any_o
and_o the_o two_o house_n that_o body_n can_v proper_o be_v say_v a_o court_n of_o justice_n the_o office_n of_o a_o judge_n be_v upon_o a_o question_n depend_v before_o he_o to_o declare_v what_o the_o law_n be_v but_o the_o office_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v only_o to_o make_v new_a law_n by_o this_o it_o appear_v that_o neither_o the_o member_n of_o the_o lord_n house_n nor_o of_o the_o commons_o house_n be_v qualify_v to_o be_v judge_n of_o the_o law_n nor_o have_v they_o either_o joint_o or_o several_o commission_n for_o that_o purpose_n and_o last_o admit_v every_o member_n of_o either_o house_n in_o learn_v sufficient_o qualify_v to_o make_v a_o judge_n their_o composure_n consider_v they_o be_v not_o capable_a joint_o to_o perform_v that_o office_n they_o be_v two_o distinct_a body_n their_o proceed_n several_a and_o distinct_a it_o can_v be_v expect_v but_o they_o shall_v frequent_o differ_v in_o opinion_n and_o judgement_n therefore_o be_v they_o never_o so_o learned_a shall_v the_o king_n grant_v unto_o they_o power_n of_o judicature_n or_o shall_v they_o have_v that_o authority_n give_v they_o by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n the_o law_n of_o england_n will_v judge_v both_o that_o grant_v and_o statute_n absolute_o void_a 118._o as_o a_o thing_n most_o incongruous_a against_o sense_n and_o reason_n upon_o which_o it_o follow_v that_o if_o the_o lord_n house_n or_o the_o commons_o house_n or_o both_o house_n joint_o have_v or_o shall_v condemn_v any_o person_n for_o treason_n felony_n or_o other_o capital_a offence_n try_v any_o title_n of_o land_n tax_v the_o people_n with_o payment_n of_o money_n seize_v or_o confiscate_v the_o subject_n estate_n or_o the_o like_a be_v it_o by_o order_n ordinance_n or_o any_o other_o way_n all_o such_o proceed_n be_v void_a do_v coram_fw-la non_fw-la judice_fw-la 76._o and_o consequent_o both_o the_o member_n and_o all_o person_n execute_v their_o command_n therein_o be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n punishable_a as_o murderer_n felon_n or_o other_o transgressor_n because_o do_v without_o warrant_n or_o authority_n and_o how_o long_o soever_o they_o shall_v continue_v this_o power_n and_o how_o frequent_o soever_o it_o be_v use_v that_o alter_v not_o the_o case_n the_o law_n be_v still_o the_o same_o it_o be_v yet_o herein_o i_o do_v not_o abridge_v the_o power_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n it_o be_v true_a when_o the_o king_n have_v constitute_v a_o lord_n high_a steward_n and_o consent_v to_o the_o trial_n of_o a_o peer_n for_o his_o life_n for_o a_o fact_n commit_v against_o the_o know_a law_n such_o a_o peer_n not_o only_o may_v but_o aught_o the_o lord_n observe_v the_o rule_n of_o law_n to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o lord_n his_o peer_n but_o there_o be_v no_o colour_n for_o the_o lord_n or_o for_o the_o commons_o or_o for_o both_o house_n joint_o although_o the_o king_n shall_v give_v way_n thereunto_o to_o try_v or_o judge_v any_o commoner_n every_o common_a person_n ought_v to_o be_v try_v by_o his_o peer_n too_o that_o be_v by_o a_o jury_n of_o the_o commons_o and_o that_o jury_n by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n aught_o to_o be_v of_o that_o county_n and_o near_o that_o place_n where_o the_o fact_n be_v commit_v it_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o our_o law_n that_o in_o capital_a offence_n vbi_fw-la quis_fw-la delinquit_fw-la ibi_fw-la punietur_fw-la person_n dwell_v near_o the_o place_n be_v most_o likely_a to_o have_v cognizance_n of_o the_o fact_n beside_o by_o our_o law_n every_o freeborn_a subject_n of_o this_o nation_n have_v at_o his_o arraignment_n power_n and_o liberty_n to_o challenge_v juror_n empanel_v for_o his_o trial_n but_o all_o such_o liberty_n be_v take_v away_o by_o this_o usurpation_n of_o the_o member_n thus_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o judge_n of_o every_o court_n of_o justice_n so_o far_o as_o their_o commission_n extend_v and_o no_o other_o person_n be_v judge_n of_o law_n but_o the_o judge_n of_o no_o one_o court_n be_v those_o unto_o who_o the_o people_n be_v bind_v last_o to_o submit_v themselves_o for_o every_o court_n of_o justice_n in_o some_o respect_n be_v inferior_a to_o another_o court_n or_o power_n unto_o which_o appeal_v lie_v as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n and_o the_o like_a unless_o it_o be_v in_o the_o exchequer_n chamber_n when_o the_o cause_n regular_o depend_v before_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n the_o common_a plea_n and_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n into_o which_o chamber_n thing_n of_o great_a weight_n and_o difficulty_n concern_v matter_n of_o law_n be_v usual_o transmit_v and_o be_v there_o judicial_o determine_v from_o that_o sentence_n tâ—_n conceive_v no_o appeal_n lie_v to_o any_o other_o court_n by_o writ_n of_o error_n that_o be_v the_o right_n sentence_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n yet_o from_o that_o judgement_n some_o person_n be_v of_o opinion_n a_o writ_n of_o error_n lie_v before_o the_o lord_n in_o the_o upper_a house_n of_o parliament_n but_o upon_o consideration_n have_v of_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o law_n concern_v the_o proceed_n in_o writ_n of_o error_n bring_v there_o i_o conceive_v it_o be_v to_o little_a purpose_n to_o permit_v any_o such_o appeal_n unto_o the_o lord_n upon_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o exchequer_n chamber_n before_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n the_o power_n of_o the_o lord_n house_n to_o reverse_v erroneous_a judgement_n i_o conceive_v begin_v thus_o the_o court_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n be_v the_o high_a court_n of_o judicature_n wherein_o any_o suit_n of_o law_n can_v legal_o and_o regular_o be_v bring_v and_o therefore_o their_o proceed_n not_o to_o be_v examine_v by_o any_o other_o ordinary_a court_n of_o justice_n every_o one_o of_o they_o be_v inferior_a to_o it_o but_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n be_v as_o subject_a to_o err_v as_o the_o judge_n of_o other_o court_n therefore_o as_o requisite_a to_o have_v their_o proceed_n examine_v now_o in_o regard_n the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v at_o all_o time_n at_o least_o assistant_n to_o the_o lord_n house_n it_o be_v proper_a enough_o to_o have_v the_o error_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n reverse_v in_o that_o place_n and_o have_v have_v its_o beginning_n thus_o constant_a use_n and_o custom_n have_v legal_o entitle_v they_o unto_o it_o therefore_o although_o peradventure_o it_o may_v have_v happen_v that_o some_o few_o particular_a writ_n of_o error_n have_v be_v bring_v in_o the_o lord_n house_n upon_o judgement_n give_v in_o some_o other_o court_n i_o conceive_v the_o prescription_n which_o be_v all_o the_o commission_n they_o have_v lie_v only_o for_o the_o king_n bench._n and_o i_o be_o the_o more_o confirm_v therein_o because_o the_o law_n book_n mention_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o lord_n house_n in_o reverse_v judgement_n do_v general_o instance_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n not_o name_v other_o court_n beside_o as_o the_o lord_n house_n have_v this_o jurisdiction_n by_o prescription_n the_o same_o use_n and_o custom_n require_v these_o circumstance_n 1._o that_o the_o king_n consent_n to_o prosecute_v a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v obtain_v because_o every_o judgement_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n do_v immediate_o concern_v the_o king_n the_o jurisdiction_n of_o that_o court_n be_v proper_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n 2._o that_o the_o lord_n after_o the_o cause_n be_v bring_v before_o they_o proceed_v by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o judge_n which_o be_v indeed_o the_o essential_a part_n of_o the_o prescription_n to_o have_v a_o profession_n of_o law_n court_v of_o judicature_n erect_v person_n learn_v in_o that_o profession_n appoint_v judge_n thereof_o it_o be_v most_o preposterous_a to_o have_v the_o proceed_n of_o these_o judge_n even_o in_o the_o most_o difficult_a point_n of_o the_o law_n examine_v reverse_a and_o control_v by_o person_n ignorant_a in_o that_o profession_n by_o the_o constitution_n of_o england_n no_o man_n be_v capable_a to_o be_v a_o judge_n unless_o he_o have_v understanding_n in_o the_o law_n to_o perform_v that_o office_n therefore_o shall_v the_o king_n grant_v to_o one_o who_o be_v most_o learned_a a_o judge_n place_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n as_o to_o his_o heir_n it_o be_v void_a and_o the_o same_o it_o be_v if_o such_o a_o grant_n be_v make_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o so_o consequent_o if_o the_o lord_n shall_v prescribe_v that_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n they_o and_o their_o predecessor_n lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n in_o parliament_z time_n have_v without_o mention_v it_o to_o be_v with_o the_o advice_n and_o assistance_n of_o the_o judge_n reverse_v erroneous_a judgement_n give_v in_o the_o king_n bench_n or_o in_o any_o other_o court_n of_o justice_n it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v disallow_v judge_v as_o a_o evil_a use_n
can_v be_v expect_v three_o the_o composier_n of_o these_o member_n be_v two_o distinct_a body_n consider_v it_o be_v as_o preposterous_a for_o they_o to_o command_v the_o militia_n as_o to_o have_v the_o sovereign_a power_n of_o government_n or_o to_o judge_v the_o law_n it_o may_v fall_v out_o even_o in_o the_o time_n of_o great_a danger_n that_o one_o house_n shall_v vote_n to_o fight_v the_o other_o not_o to_o fight_v the_o enemy_n and_o this_o difference_n may_v happen_v to_o be_v unreconciled_a until_o the_o nation_n be_v conquer_v or_o destroy_v thus_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o member_n have_v no_o power_n over_o the_o militia_n it_o now_o rest_v to_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v the_o king_n right_a which_o be_v make_v good_a by_o authority_n and_o reason_n first_o for_o authority_n it_o be_v prove_v by_o constant_a practice_n which_o be_v not_o only_o the_o strong_a proof_n in_o our_o law_n but_o it_o be_v the_o law_n itself_o we_o have_v no_o formal_a institution_n of_o the_o common_a law_n it_o be_v no_o other_o but_o common_a ancient_a and_o frequent_a use_n for_o example_n it_o be_v foe_fw-mi felony_n to_o steal_v it_o be_v not_o felony_n of_o death_n unless_o the_o thing_n steal_v exceed_v the_o value_n of_o twelve_o penny_n these_o be_v thing_n so_o certain_o know_v and_o so_o general_o receive_v for_o law_n as_o that_o any_o man_n to_o dispute_v they_o render_v himself_o ridiculous_a yet_o be_v deny_v none_o can_v show_v when_o the_o law_n begin_v how_o or_o by_o what_o authority_n it_o be_v make_v there_o be_v no_o other_o proof_n to_o make_v it_o good_a but_o custom_n and_o use_n so_o for_o the_o militia_n of_o the_o kingdom_n it_o be_v never_o estate_v upon_o the_o king_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n or_o by_o any_o other_o constitution_n it_o be_v his_o right_n by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n which_o be_v make_v good_a by_o custom_n and_o use_n and_o authority_n of_o book_n and_o first_o for_o custom_n and_o use_n any_o man_n of_o what_o quality_n or_o rank_n soever_o he_o be_v reflect_v upon_o his_o own_o memory_n and_o observation_n must_v acknowledge_v that_o in_o all_o his_o time_n no_o soldier_n be_v impress_v arm_a array_v or_o muster_v no_o fort_n stronghold_n or_o garrison_n hold_v or_o command_v no_o commander_n officer_n or_o soldier_n employ_v by_o land_n or_o sea_n no_o commission_n concern_v war_n either_o foreign_a or_o domestic_a or_o concern_v the_o administration_n of_o justice_n but_o by_o authority_n derive_v from_o the_o king_n alone_o and_o such_o as_o search_v the_o record_n in_o former_a time_n will_v find_v the_o like_a practice_n in_o all_o age_n and_o with_o this_o agree_v all_o history_n and_o story_n from_o this_o day_n upward_o unto_o the_o roman_a conquest_n then_o for_o authority_n and_o to_o begin_v with_o act_n of_o parliament_n 20._o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la grant_v about_o 440._o year_n since_o not_o only_o be_v the_o first_o statute_n but_o beyond_o it_o there_o be_v scarce_o a_o authentic_a record_n of_o law_n at_o this_o day_n to_o be_v find_v in_o which_o act_n it_o be_v thus_o declare_v by_o king_n hen._n 3._o viz._n and_o if_o we_o do_v lead_v or_o send_v he_o who_o be_v by_o tenure_n to_o defend_v a_o castle_n in_o a_o army_n he_o shall_v be_v free_a from_o castleguard_n from_o the_o time_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v with_o we_o in_o fee_n in_o our_o host_n for_o the_o which_o he_o have_v do_v service_n in_o our_o war_n thus_o even_o in_o that_o instrument_n whereby_o the_o king_n confirm_v unto_o the_o people_n their_o liberty_n it_o appear_v that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n the_o power_n of_o war_n be_v the_o king_n sole_a right_n by_o a_o other_o statute_n make_v 7._o of_o king_n ed._n 1._o be_v the_o son_n and_o 1._o next_o succeed_a king_n to_o h._n 3._o the_o prelate_n the_o earl_n the_o baron_n and_o the_o comonalty_n of_o the_o realm_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n declare_v that_o to_o the_o king_n it_o belong_v and_o his_o part_n be_v through_o his_o royal_a signiory_n straight_o to_o defend_v force_n of_o armour_n &_o other_o force_n against_o the_o king_n peace_n at_o all_o time_n when_o it_o shall_v please_v he_o and_o to_o punish_v they_o which_o shall_v do_v contrary_a according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o usage_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o that_o they_o the_o subject_n be_v hereunto_o bind_v to_o aid_v their_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n at_o all_o season_n when_o need_n shall_v be_v after_o this_o by_o several_a act_n of_o parliament_n viz._n 4._o 13._o of_o the_o same_o king_n 1_o ed._n 3._o 25_o ed._n 3._o 4_o h._n 4._o 5_o h._n 4._o and_o other_o statute_n it_o be_v declare_v how_o and_o in_o what_o manner_n the_o subject_n shall_v be_v charge_v with_o arm_n muster_v array_v and_o force_v to_o serve_v in_o war._n in_o all_o which_o act_n without_o dispute_n the_o whole_a power_n and_o command_v therein_o be_v admit_v to_o be_v in_o the_o king_n by_o a_o statute_n make_v 11_o h._n 7._o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o assemble_v in_o parliament_n declare_v it_o to_o be_v the_o duty_n and_o allegiance_n of_o the_o subject_n 1._o of_o england_n not_o only_o to_o serve_v their_o prince_n and_o sovereign_a lord_n for_o the_o time_n be_v in_o war_n but_o to_o enter_v and_o abide_v in_o service_n in_o battle_n and_o that_o both_o in_o defence_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o land_n against_o every_o rebellion_n power_n and_o may_v rear_v against_o he_o by_o a_o statute_n make_v 2_o edw._n 6._o in_o the_o reign_n of_o a_o child_n king_n the_o lord_n and_o commons_o assemble_v in_o parliament_n declare_v that_o it_o 11._o be_v the_o bind_a duty_n of_o the_o subject_n to_o serve_v their_o prince_n in_o war._n by_o a_o statute_n make_v 4_o and_o 5_o p._n m._n in_o the_o reign_n of_o a_o woman_n the_o lord_n and_o commons_o assemble_v in_o parliament_n declare_v thus_o 3._o viz._n that_o whereas_o heretofore_o commandment_n have_v be_v give_v by_o the_o queen_n and_o her_o progenitor_n king_n of_o england_n to_o diverse_a person_n to_o muster_v their_o subject_n and_o to_o levy_v they_o for_o the_o service_n of_o their_o majesty_n and_o this_o realm_n in_o their_o war_n which_o service_n say_v the_o statute_n have_v be_v hinder_v by_o person_n absent_v themselves_o from_o muster_n and_o by_o be_v release_v for_o reward_n and_o then_o provide_v remedy_n therein_o when_o the_o queen_n her_o heir_n or_o successor_n shall_v authorise_v any_o to_o muster_v the_o people_n and_o by_o that_o late_a unanimous_a and_o voluntary_a recognition_n make_v by_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o parliament_n unto_o king_n james_n they_o declare_v thus_o viz._n we_o be_v bind_v thereunto_o both_o by_o the_o law_n of_o 1._o god_n and_o man_n do_v recognize_v and_o acknowledge_v and_o thereby_o express_v our_o unspeakable_a joy_n that_o immediate_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n the_o imperial_a crown_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n do_v by_o inherent_a birthright_n and_o lawful_a and_o undoubted_a succession_n descend_v and_o come_v to_o your_o most_o excellent_a maj._n &_o that_o by_o the_o goodness_n of_o almighty_a god_n your_o maj._n be_v more_o able_a to_o govern_v we_o your_o subject_n in_o peace_n and_o plenty_n than_o any_o of_o your_o progenitor_n and_o thereunto_o we_o most_o humble_o and_o faithful_o submit_v and_o oblige_v our_o heir_n and_o posterity_n for_o ever_o until_o the_o last_o drop_n of_o our_o blood_n be_v spend_v now_o every_o man_n of_o sense_n will_v agree_v that_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o member_n of_o this_o parliament_n be_v no_o more_o authentic_a than_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o assemble_v in_o former_a parliament_n and_o that_o be_v grant_v it_o follow_v that_o any_o one_o of_o the_o aforementioned_a statute_n whereby_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o declare_v that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n the_o power_n of_o the_o militia_n be_v in_o the_o king_n be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o weighty_a and_o so_o much_o more_o to_o be_v rely_v upon_o in_o this_o point_n of_o the_o militia_n than_o the_o opinion_n of_o these_o member_n by_o how_o much_o more_o person_n be_v competent_a to_o determine_v a_o question_n concern_v another_o then_o to_o judge_v their_o own_o case_n or_o when_o they_o resolve_v for_o or_o against_o themselves_o but_o these_o member_n set_v aside_o their_o own_o vote_n in_o this_o their_o own_o case_n &_o for_o their_o own_o advantage_n can_v make_v their_o pretence_n to_o the_o militia_n good_a by_o any_o one_o authority_n opinion_n practice_n or_o precedent_n but_o this_o not_o all_o these_o westminster_n man_n themselves_o even_o this_o parliament_n have_v both_o in_o their_o ordinance_n as_o they_o call_v they_o and_o petition_n acknowledge_v the_o militia_n to_o be_v the_o
name_n of_o king_n and_o parliament_n and_o all_o such_o as_o have_v act_v therein_o or_o adhere_v thereunto_o be_v guilty_a of_o treason_n p._n 100_o chap._n x._o that_o the_o subject_n of_o this_o nation_n be_v not_o only_o command_v from_o do_v violence_n to_o the_o king_n person_n or_o prejudice_n to_o his_o authority_n but_o be_v oblige_v with_o their_o life_n and_o fortune_n to_o assist_v and_o preserve_v his_o person_n and_o just_a right_n from_o the_o fury_n of_o his_o enemy_n both_o foreign_a and_o domestic_a p._n 112._o chap._n xi_o that_o those_o person_n at_o westminster_n who_o call_v themselves_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n be_v not_o the_o two_o house_n nor_o member_n of_o the_o parliament_n p._n 113._o chap._n xii_o result_v upon_o the_o premise_n that_o the_o people_n of_o england_n under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o king_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v a_o free_a subject_n p._n 125._o chap._n xiii_o that_o the_o people_n of_o england_n under_o the_o government_n claim_v by_o the_o member_n of_o the_o two_o house_n be_v absolute_a slave_n p._n 128._o chap._n fourteen_o how_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n be_v bring_v into_o this_o slavery_n p._n 132._o chap._n xv._n the_o way_n how_o to_o restore_v the_o people_n unto_o their_o former_a liberty_n p._n 135._o the_o preamble_n or_o introduction_n to_o the_o ensue_a discourse_n wherein_o be_v contain_v the_o motive_n which_o induce_v the_o author_n to_o take_v up_o arm_n for_o the_o king_n against_o the_o force_n raise_v by_o command_n of_o the_o member_n of_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n when_o the_o unhappy_a difference_n between_o his_o majesty_n and_o the_o two_o house_n begin_v to_o appear_v i_o endeavour_v to_o satisfy_v myself_o of_o the_o cause_n thereof_o which_o i_o find_v to_o be_v thus_o the_o member_n form_v a_o 〈◊〉_d concern_v the_o 1641._o militia_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o this_o effect_n viz._n that_o certain_a person_n by_o they_o therein_o name_v shall_v have_v power_n to_o call_v together_o muster_n and_o arm_v all_o the_o people_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o conduct_v they_o into_o any_o part_n of_o the_o realm_n to_o suppress_v rebellious_a insurrection_n or_o invasion_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o the_o member_n without_o the_o king_n shall_v signify_v this_o power_n to_o continue_v so_o long_o and_o no_o long_o than_o those_o member_n please_v and_o disobedience_n therein_o to_o be_v punish_v by_o the_o member_n and_o none_o else_o this_o be_v present_v to_o the_o king_n he_o refuse_v to_o confirm_v it_o with_o his_o royal_a assent_n the_o member_n thereupon_o still_v it_o a_o ordinance_n of_o parliament_n without_o the_o king_n declare_v it_o a_o law_n by_o which_o in_o word_n not_o only_o the_o militia_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o government_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v take_v from_o the_o crown_n and_o remove_v to_o the_o member_n but_o a_o arbitrary_a power_n usurp_v by_o they_o to_o signify_v and_o declare_v what_o fact_n be_v rebellion_n and_o what_o not_o and_o according_o by_o pretext_n and_o colour_n thereof_o cause_v the_o people_n to_o be_v array_v arm_v and_o muster_v and_o so_o in_o effect_n the_o king_n sword_n and_o sceptre_n wrest_v out_o of_o his_o hand_n by_o his_o own_o subject_n and_o further_o the_o member_n pretend_v the_o king_n not_o consent_v to_o that_o law_n be_v evil-counselled_n by_o like_a ordinance_n raise_v army_n appoint_v the_o earl_n of_o essex_n their_o general_n authorize_v they_o by_o war_n to_o kill_v and_o slay_v their_o fellow_n subject_n and_o to_o remove_v from_o the_o king_n those_o pretend_a bad_a counselor_n the_o king_n by_o his_o proclamation_n inhibit_v all_o person_n from_o adhere_v unto_o they_o and_o require_v his_o subject_n obedience_n unto_o he_o 1642._o their_o king_n hereupon_o i_o serious_o bethink_v myself_o whether_o i_o be_v oblige_v herein_o to_o obey_v the_o king_n or_o the_o member_n and_o resolve_v the_o law_n of_o england_n ought_v to_o be_v my_o guide_n which_o i_o find_v to_o be_v thus_o that_o this_o nation_n be_v govern_v by_o a_o know_a law_n that_o law_n expound_v by_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n those_o judge_n appoint_v and_o authorize_v by_o the_o king_n our_o only_a supreme_a governor_n unto_o who_o alone_o all_o the_o people_n of_o england_n be_v oblige_v in_o point_n of_o sovereignty_n and_o government_n to_o submit_v themselves_o then_o i_o consider_v in_o who_o the_o power_n of_o the_o militia_n be_v before_o the_o make_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a ordinance_n second_o 〈◊〉_d â—â—…teration_n those_o ordinance_n make_v for_o the_o first_o i_o find_v that_o the_o militia_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o the_o know_a law_n be_v inherent_o in_o the_o king_n for_o the_o latter_a that_o no_o new_a law_n can_v be_v make_v or_o the_o old_a change_v but_o by_o the_o king_n with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n and_o find_v the_o king_n therein_o to_o disassent_v i_o do_v without_o scruple_n resolve_v the_o law_n be_v not_o alter_v therefore_o the_o militia_n still_o in_o the_o crown_n and_o consequent_o that_o it_o be_v my_o duty_n herein_o to_o obey_v the_o king_n command_n not_o the_o member_n then_o i_o consider_v what_o be_v the_o offence_n of_o a_o subject_a to_o join_v with_o those_o force_n raise_v by_o the_o member_n which_o i_o find_v to_o be_v the_o crime_n of_o high_a treason_n and_o last_o it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o every_o subject_a not_o only_o to_o decline_v oppose_v his_o sovereign_n but_o to_o assist_v he_o against_o all_o disloyal_a action_n i_o take_v up_o arm_n for_o he_o and_o in_o his_o defence_n in_o this_o war_n since_o which_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o some_o objection_n against_o these_o my_o proceed_n which_o with_o my_o answer_n to_o they_o i_o have_v set_v down_o in_o this_o ensue_a discourse_n and_o first_o concern_v the_o ground_n of_o the_o law_n chap._n i._o that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n consist_v in_o general_a custom_n particular_a custom_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n most_o evident_a it_o be_v that_o from_o the_o subdue_a of_o this_o nation_n by_o the_o roman_n which_o be_v about_o 1700_o year_n ago_o the_o people_n of_o this_o realm_n have_v be_v govern_v by_o a_o monarchical_a power_n first_o under_o the_o roman_a emperor_n then_o under_o the_o saxon_n awhile_o under_o the_o dane_n again_o under_o the_o saxon_n and_o last_o under_o the_o norman_a conqueror_n and_o his_o progeny_n until_o this_o day_n yet_o by_o what_o particular_a law_n those_o former_a king_n govern_v no_o authentic_a author_n beyond_o the_o time_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n do_v make_v it_o appear_v but_o certain_a it_o be_v after_o that_o conqueror_n have_v in_o a_o battle_n slay_v harold_n and_o vanquish_v his_o army_n which_o be_v near_o 600_o year_n since_o the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n submit_v unto_o he_o as_o king_n of_o england_n who_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o crown_n agree_v to_o govern_v by_o know_a law_n now_o report_n whether_o those_o be_v new_a law_n introduce_v or_o the_o old_a continue_a as_o to_o this_o purpose_n be_v not_o material_a but_o by_o that_o very_o same_o law_n as_o by_o several_a act_n of_o parliament_n it_o appear_v divers_a of_o his_o successor_n king_n call_v unto_o they_o for_o their_o advice_n such_o of_o their_o subject_n as_o they_o think_v fit_a by_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v new_a law_n and_o change_v the_o old_a but_o succeed_v king_n since_o that_o have_v herein_o limit_v themselves_o insomuch_o as_o by_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o now_o it_o be_v settle_v the_o law_n of_o england_n consist_v in_o these_o three_o particular_n 1._o general_n custom_n as_o thus_o the_o elder_a son_n to_o inherit_v his_o father_n report_n land_n the_o wife_n to_o enjoy_v a_o three_o part_n of_o her_o husband_n inheritance_n for_o her_o dower_n these_o and_o such_o like_a be_v general_o law_n 319._o throughout_o the_o kingdom_n therefore_o call_v the_o common_a law_n 2._o particular_a custom_n as_o thus_o in_o some_o place_n the_o young_a son_n in_o other_o place_n all_o equal_o inherit_v their_o father_n land_n these_o and_o such_o like_a be_v particular_a custom_n be_v fix_v to_o particular_a place_n and_o by_o ancient_a constant_a and_o frequent_a use_n be_v become_v law_n there_o although_o not_o general_o throughout_o the_o kingdom_n 3._o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v by_o the_o king_n with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o two_o house_n all_o which_o together_o that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o common_a law_n particular_a custom_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v the_o law_n of_o england_n by_o this_o law_n all_o man_n be_v protect_v in_o their_o person_n and_o estate_n wherein_o there_o be_v no_o difference_n between_o king_n and_o people_n for_o neither_o king_n nor_o subject_n have_v or_o can_v just_o
be_v none_o either_o to_o umpire_n or_o mediate_v between_o the_o member_n and_o the_o people_n and_o so_o the_o member_n by_o this_o have_v assume_v a_o arbitrary_a power_n nor_o do_v this_o power_n of_o a_o negative_a voice_n in_o the_o king_n take_v away_o or_o lessen_v the_o authority_n of_o any_o court_n of_o justice_n every_o court_n of_o judicature_n pursue_v its_o commission_n have_v power_n to_o determine_v the_o interest_n both_o of_o king_n and_o people_n and_o that_o without_o assent_n either_o of_o king_n or_o member_n the_o know_a law_n be_v their_o ground_n to_o judge_v by_o not_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o king_n or_o of_o either_o or_o both_o house_n nor_o can_v the_o king_n in_o this_o be_v say_v to_o judge_n out_o of_o his_o court_n or_o against_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n for_o the_o king_n and_o the_o two_o house_n have_v herein_o equal_a power_n that_o be_v every_o one_o of_o they_o a_o negative_a voice_n they_o be_v all_o together_o joint_o judge_v 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the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o jury_n determine_v not_o the_o question_n all_o twelve_o must_v agree_v else_o it_o be_v no_o verdict_n for_o the_o question_n be_v fact_n some_o one_o of_o the_o jury_n may_v have_v better_a knowledge_n thereof_o than_o all_o the_o rest_n so_o in_o this_o case_n by_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o realm_n no_o new_a law_n can_v be_v make_v or_o the_o old_a alter_v without_o a_o joint_a concurrence_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o two_o house_n it_o be_v that_o unite_a body_n which_o at_o this_o day_n as_o to_o the_o legislative_a power_n represent_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n the_o member_n of_o the_o commons_o house_n alone_o do_v not_o in_o that_o manner_n represent_v the_o commons_o of_o england_n the_o lord_n &_o the_o peer_n and_o the_o king_n for_o himself_o but_o all_o together_o do_v represent_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n no_o one_o or_o two_o of_o these_o body_n can_v herein_o be_v say_v to_o represent_v only_o any_o part_n every_o common_a person_n do_v herein_o by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n asmuch_o depend_v upon_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o lord_n as_o upon_o the_o member_n of_o the_o commons_o house_n and_o so_o do_v the_o king_n and_o the_o lord_n upon_o those_o member_n for_o the_o king_n the_o lord_n and_o commons_o as_o now_o by_o consent_n of_o former_a king_n it_o be_v settle_v be_v herewith_o joint_o trust_v as_o if_o three_o lord_n authorize_v three_o several_a person_n to_o sell_v their_o land_n if_o two_o of_o they_o sell_v it_o bind_v not_o therefore_o in_o judge_v that_o sale_n void_a no_o man_n be_v injure_v the_o lord_n be_v seize_v of_o their_o land_n as_o before_o and_o the_o person_n trust_v have_v the_o same_o power_n that_o be_v
nor_o any_o people_n from_o free_a subject_n become_v more_o absolute_a slave_n than_o the_o englishman_n be_v and_o will_v be_v and_o be_v thus_o bring_v into_o misery_n that_o which_o be_v still_o worse_o ourselves_o and_o posterity_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o world_n be_v likely_a to_o live_v under_o this_o vassalage_n without_o hope_n of_o redemption_n if_o not_o by_o god_n mercy_n timely_o remedy_v for_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v that_o the_o member_n so_o long_o as_o they_o have_v power_n over_o their_o prince_n and_o other_o his_o good_a subject_n and_o whilst_o their_o person_n estate_n and_o fortune_n be_v thus_o at_o their_o will_n and_o pleasure_n it_o can_v be_v imagine_v i_o say_v that_o by_o their_o own_o judgement_n against_o themselves_o or_o sentence_n we_o shall_v be_v enfranchise_v now_o if_o i_o appeal_v to_o any_o rational_a man_n not_o prejudicate_v as_o a_o person_n herein_o particular_o concern_v whether_o that_o law_n which_o declare_v such_o act_n of_o parliament_n to_o bind_v or_o that_o which_o judge_v they_o void_a be_v the_o more_o prudent_a wholesome_a and_o reasonable_a law_n i_o dare_v be_v bold_a to_o conclude_v that_o sentence_n herein_o will_v be_v give_v for_o the_o latter_a and_o since_o it_o follow_v that_o some_o act_n of_o parliament_n may_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v adjudge_v void_a that_o be_v grant_v reason_n dictate_v to_o every_o man_n of_o sense_n that_o not_o the_o member_n but_o some_o other_o know_v person_n must_v determine_v which_o statute_n bind_v the_o people_n and_o which_o be_v invalid_a now_o that_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n have_v power_n not_o only_o to_o determine_v which_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v bind_v and_o which_o void_a but_o to_o expound_v the_o meaning_n of_o every_o act_n be_v no_o new_a doctrine_n it_o be_v the_o know_a law_n and_o the_o common_a practice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o be_v the_o law_n itself_o in_o the_o book_n of_o our_o law_n it_o be_v declare_v for_o a_o 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void_a it_o be_v likewise_o declare_v by_o the_o judge_n 111._o that_o where_o a_o statute_n give_v power_n to_o a._n to_o determine_v all_o plea_n happen_v within_o his_o manor_n in_o that_o case_n a._n shall_v not_o have_v power_n to_o determine_v such_o plea_n as_o concern_v himself_o and_o the_o same_o it_o be_v if_o the_o statute_n shall_v in_o express_a word_n grant_v to_o a._n that_o authority_n for_o it_o be_v repugnant_a to_o reason_n and_o common_a justice_n that_o any_o man_n shall_v be_v judge_n in_o his_o own_o case_n it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n that_o divers_a prerogative_n be_v so_o inseparable_o annex_v to_o the_o crown_n as_o that_o they_o can_v be_v sever_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n for_o example_n by_o a_o statute_n make_v 23_o h._n 6._o c._n 10._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v continue_v sheriff_n of_o a_o shire_n above_o one_o year_n and_o by_o that_o act_n declare_v in_o 10._o these_o word_n that_o all_o patent_n from_o the_o king_n of_o that_o office_n of_o sheriff_n for_o year_n for_o life_n in_o tail_n or_o in_o fee_n shall_v be_v void_a any_o clause_n or_o word_n of_o non_fw-la obstante_fw-la put_v into_o such_o patent_n notwithstanding_o now_o thisstatute_n as_o to_o the_o king_n power_n be_v by_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n declare_v void_a and_o although_o that_o statute_n be_v never_o repeal_v all_o king_n since_o may_v have_v grant_v that_o office_n for_o life_n in_o tail_n or_o in_o fee_n and_o grant_v thereof_o have_v be_v make_v according_o contrary_v to_o the_o express_a word_n of_o that_o statute_n yet_o resolve_v to_o be_v good_a b._n and_o ever_o since_o that_o act_n all_o king_n have_v most_o frequent_o continue_v sheriff_n in_o their_o office_n for_o long_a time_n than_o a_o year_n even_o common_a experience_n show_v that_o the_o power_n of_o the_o old_a sheriff_n do_v not_o cease_v or_o determine_v until_o the_o king_n have_v make_v a_o new_a sheriff_n and_o notice_n thereof_o give_v to_o the_o old_a which_o oftentimes_o happen_v to_o be_v after_o the_o year_n and_o in_o michaelmas_n term_n 5._o and_o 6._o of_o queen_n 36._o eliz._n the_o sheriff_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a plague_n then_o and_o of_o the_o adjournment_n of_o that_o term_n whole_o be_v make_v and_o name_v by_o the_o queen_n without_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o justice_n in_o the_o exchequer_n according_a to_o the_o common_a usage_n and_o though_o for_o the_o most_o part_n none_o be_v name_v but_o one_o of_o the_o two_o which_o remain_v in_o the_o bill_n of_o the_o year_n than_o last_o pass_v yet_o by_o all_o the_o justice_n and_o sergeant_n at_o law_n it_o be_v hold_v that_o the_o queen_n by_o her_o prerogative_n may_v have_v make_v a_o sheriff_n without_o any_o such_o election_n notwithstanding_o any_o statute_n to_o the_o contrary_a which_o appear_v in_o dyer_n report_n 35._o the_o king_n be_v fountain_n of_o justice_n &_o mercy_n therefore_o if_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o he_o shall_v not_o grant_v commission_n to_o determine_v felony_n or_o that_o from_o henceforth_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o pardon_v any_o crime_n or_o that_o all_o such_o pardon_n shall_v be_v void_a such_o law_n will_v be_v void_a and_o will_v not_o bind_v as_o be_v repugnant_a to_o law_n government_n 37._o and_o reason_n to_o stop_v that_o fountain_n the_o king_n by_o his_o prerogative_n have_v authority_n to_o dispense_v with_o penal_a law_n which_o can_v be_v take_v from_o he_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n although_o in_o express_a term_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o all_o such_o dispensation_n with_o a_o non_fw-la obstante_fw-la shall_v be_v void_a which_o clear_o appear_v by_o the_o foresay_a case_n of_o the_o sheriff_n for_o though_o by_o that_o statute_n of_o 23_o h._n 6._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o all_o patent_n of_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v void_a as_o before_o although_o with_o a_o non_fw-la obstante_fw-la yet_o the_o judge_n at_o all_o time_n have_v 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thing_n but_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o if_o they_o shall_v in_o this_o case_n make_v a_o new_a statute_n that_o law_n must_v even_o by_o the_o same_o judge_n be_v expound_v too_o 3._o the_o parliament_n be_v a_o body_n so_o compose_v as_o that_o it_o be_v not_o only_o improper_a but_o almost_o impossible_a for_o these_o person_n final_o to_o determine_v any_o one_o point_n of_o law_n a_o court_n of_o judicature_n ought_v to_o consist_v of_o one_o entire_a body_n and_o of_o such_o a_o body_n as_o at_o all_o time_n have_v power_n not_o only_o to_o deliver_v its_o own_o opinion_n but_o by_o that_o sentence_n to_o decide_v the_o question_n depend_v before_o they_o but_o the_o parliament_n be_v not_o so_o compose_v the_o member_n of_o that_o assembly_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o several_a body_n and_o their_o proceed_n several_a and_o distinct_a and_o obvious_a it_o be_v that_o in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n they_o frequent_o conclude_v opposite_a each_o to_o other_o 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power_n to_o determine_v which_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v bind_v and_o which_o void_a and_o to_o expound_v the_o meaning_n of_o every_o statute_n thus_o whilst_o every_o person_n court_n and_o assembly_n keep_v within_o its_o own_o bound_n the_o know_a law_n protect_v every_o man_n in_o his_o just_a right_n the_o subject_a whilst_o that_o be_v observe_v need_v not_o doubt_v protection_n of_o his_o person_n and_o may_v secure_o challenge_v a_o property_n in_o his_o estate_n but_o the_o member_n do_v now_o teach_v or_o to_o speak_v more_o proper_o force_n upon_o the_o people_n another_o doctrine_n they_o without_o the_o king_n not_o only_o assume_v the_o power_n of_o a_o court_n of_o judicature_n and_o that_o without_o any_o appeal_n from_o it_o but_o a_o authority_n and_o power_n to_o 1642._o make_v and_o declare_v the_o law_n and_o that_o boundless_a too_o whereby_o law_n itself_o be_v total_o destroy_v it_o be_v a_o maxim_n in_o law_n that_o every_o disseisor_n of_o land_n be_v 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neither_o common_a law_n particular_a custom_n or_o statute_n law_n nor_o can_v any_o man_n challenge_v protection_n of_o his_o person_n or_o property_n in_o his_o land_n or_o good_n for_o what_o law_n they_o make_v how_o repugnant_a to_o sense_n and_o reason_n how_o barbarous_a soever_o it_o be_v neither_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n nor_o any_o other_o if_o we_o may_v believe_v the_o member_n have_v date_v power_n to_o examine_v control_v or_o oppose_v it_o thus_o our_o excellent_a law_n the_o member_n have_v so_o much_o &_o so_o often_o boast_v to_o defend_v be_v by_o the_o same_o person_n at_o the_o same_o instant_n and_o even_o by_o the_o same_o medicine_n exclude_v the_o king_n from_o his_o negative_a voice_n they_o pretend_v to_o preserve_v they_o destroy_v so_o that_o i_o confess_v the_o member_n be_v necessitate_v not_o only_o to_o deny_v the_o king_n this_o power_n but_o to_o assume_v authority_n without_o he_o to_o make_v law_n and_o that_o without_o stint_n or_o 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house_n single_o and_o some_o make_v the_o house_n of_o commons_o judge_v of_o the_o law_n all_o which_o be_v mere_a surmise_n by_o faction_n raise_v and_o spread_v abroad_o since_o this_o parliament_n for_o beside_o what_o before_o be_v say_v herein_o in_o the_o next_o precedent_n chapter_n upon_o consideration_n have_v of_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o person_n of_o those_o member_n the_o commission_n require_v to_o authorise_v a_o judge_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o composier_n of_o that_o body_n it_o will_v appear_v they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o have_v any_o such_o power_n as_o that_o the_o lord_n house_n in_o some_o particular_a thing_n except_v neither_o the_o parliament_n nor_o the_o two_o house_n joint_o nor_o either_o of_o they_o single_o can_v judicial_o or_o final_o determine_v any_o one_o point_n of_o law_n first_o for_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o person_n and_o to_o begin_v with_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o they_o consist_v of_o knight_n of_o shire_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n the_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n we_o see_v by_o experience_n although_o sometime_o man_n of_o estate_n be_v choose_v yet_o not_o always_o of_o the_o best_a understanding_n for_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n the_o city_n and_o corporation_n for_o which_o they_o serve_v be_v institute_v only_o for_o advancement_n of_o trade_n and_o according_o the_o body_n of_o such_o town_n and_o place_n consist_v of_o tradesman_n who_o education_n be_v only_o to_o learn_v craft_n and_o occupation_n and_o the_o far_o great_a number_n of_o they_o mecanick_n handicraft_n beside_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o authorise_a corporation_n to_o send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n be_v that_o they_o may_v give_v information_n concern_v the_o trade_n in_o those_o place_n to_o the_o end_n if_o need_v be_v to_o make_v law_n for_o the_o increase_n thereof_o and_o
of_o his_o council_n or_o other_o as_o he_o think_v most_o proper_a to_o be_v consult_v with_o concern_v that_o present_a occasion_n if_o it_o concern_v matter_n of_o law_n as_o in_o these_o of_o the_o exposition_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n and_o the_o statute_n of_o bigamy_n and_o other_o such_o act_n the_o judge_n and_o other_o of_o his_o council_n learn_v be_v principal_o consult_v with_o if_o it_o concern_v the_o people_n in_o general_a as_o that_o of_o the_o statute_n of_o will._n 1._o and_o other_o such_o like_a the_o people_n of_o all_o sort_n be_v call_v to_o advise_v with_o the_o king_n what_o law_n be_v to_o be_v make_v and_o so_o i_o conceive_v it_o be_v from_o that_o time_n upward_o to_o the_o conquest_n therefore_o when_o any_o book_n or_o history_n make_v mention_n of_o a_o parliament_n in_o those_o day_n that_o assembly_n as_o i_o conceive_v be_v no_o other_o but_o as_o aforesaid_a and_o rare_a it_o be_v for_o any_o king_n in_o those_o time_n to_o consult_v with_o any_o other_o in_o make_v law_n but_o the_o prelate_n the_o peer_n his_o privy_a council_n the_o judge_n and_o other_o person_n learn_v in_o the_o profession_n yet_o doubtless_o never_o conclude_v any_o matter_n of_o moment_n without_o consent_n of_o such_o his_o people_n as_o be_v proper_a to_o be_v advise_v with_o therein_o nor_o do_v i_o conceive_v it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o any_o king_n after_o william_n b._n the_o conqueror_n have_v consent_v to_o govern_v by_o a_o know_a law_n to_o alter_v the_o fundamental_a ground_n thereof_o but_o in_o those_o day_n although_o we_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o same_o law_n as_o now_o yet_o it_o appear_v to_o i_o we_o have_v not_o any_o form_a body_n of_o the_o house_n nor_o can_v any_o subject_a by_o the_o law_n challenge_v a_o particular_a privilege_n to_o be_v summon_v to_o parliament_n nor_o claim_v right_a to_o a_o negative_a voice_n but_o now_o the_o law_n be_v otherwise_o there_o be_v two_o form_v body_n which_o must_v be_v summon_v assemble_v and_o their_o assent_n have_v before_o any_o new_a law_n can_v be_v make_v or_o the_o old_a change_v the_o king_n at_o this_o day_n have_v not_o a_o power_n therein_o without_o the_o joint_a concurrence_n of_o the_o 21._o two_o house_n which_o constitution_n of_o the_o two_o house_n and_o this_o power_n which_o the_o member_n have_v to_o consent_v unto_o or_o refuse_v law_n propound_v 60._o by_o the_o king_n seem_v to_o i_o to_o have_v be_v attain_v thus_o clear_a it_o be_v nothing_o be_v more_o plausible_a to_o the_o people_n then_o to_o be_v preserve_v from_o extraordinary_a tax_n and_o payment_n of_o money_n and_o that_o may_v induce_v king_n edw._n 1._o to_o make_v a_o law_n which_o i_o find_v he_o do_v 34._o of_o his_o reign_n in_o these_o word_n viz._n no_o tallage_n or_o aid_n shall_v be_v take_v or_o levy_v by_o we_o our_o heir_n in_o our_o realm_n without_o the_o good_a 1._o will_n and_o assent_v of_o archbishop_n bishop_n earl_n baron_n knight_n burgess_n and_o other_o freeman_n of_o the_o land_n by_o this_o the_o king_n exclude_v himself_o and_o his_o successor_n by_o themselves_o alone_o to_o tax_v or_o impose_v upon_o the_o people_n any_o payment_n of_o money_n and_o from_o thenceforth_o no_o subsidy_n or_o other_o aid_n can_v be_v give_v he_o by_o the_o subject_a without_o consent_n of_o prelate_n peer_n and_o commons_o this_o i_o conceive_v be_v the_o first_o foundation_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o and_o the_o groundwork_n for_o the_o form_v body_n of_o both_o house_n for_o it_o be_v obvious_a that_o if_o not_o the_o principal_a one_o chief_a end_n of_o call_v parliament_n be_v and_o be_v to_o raise_v money_n for_o the_o public_a affair_n so_o that_o after_o the_o aforesaid_a statute_n of_o 34_o edw._n 1._o it_o have_v be_v to_o little_a purpose_n to_o call_v a_o parliament_n of_o prelate_n and_o peer_n and_o not_o to_o summon_v the_o commons_o and_o upon_o view_n of_o the_o statute_n make_v after_o that_o time_n it_o 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or_o what_o particular_a person_n so_o that_o it_o be_v still_o leave_v to_o the_o king_n choice_n how_o many_o to_o call_v and_o so_o continue_v for_o a_o long_a time_n after_o for_o to_o the_o make_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o staple_n 27._o e._n 3._o but_o one_o 3._o single_a person_n be_v summon_v for_o any_o one_o county_n as_o by_o the_o preamble_n thereof_o in_o these_o word_n appear_v viz._n edw._n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n etc._n etc._n whereas_o good_a deliberation_n have_v with_o the_o prelate_n duke_n earl_n baron_n and_o great_a man_n of_o the_o county_n that_o be_v to_o say_v for_o every_o county_n one_o for_o all_o the_o county_n and_o of_o the_o commons_o of_o city_n and_o boroughe_n of_o our_o realm_n summon_v to_o our_o great_a council_n hold_v at_o westminster_n etc._n etc._n but_o afterward_o all_o the_o bishop_n and_o peer_n two_o knight_n for_o a_o shire_n two_o citizen_n for_o a_o city_n and_o two_o burgess_n for_o a_o borough_n town_n be_v usual_o call_v and_o by_o a_o statute_n make_v 7._o h._n 4._o the_o 15._o writ_n of_o summons_n now_o use_v be_v form_v and_o by_o one_o other_o act_n make_v 1._o h._n 5._o direction_n be_v give_v who_o shall_v be_v choose_v that_o be_v to_o say_v 1._o for_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n person_n resiant_a in_o the_o county_n and_o for_o city_n and_o boroughe_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n dwell_v there_o and_o freeman_n of_o the_o same_o city_n and_o boroughe_n and_o no_o other_o and_o so_o by_o frequent_a call_v parliament_n constant_a summon_v the_o prelate_n peer_n and_o commons_o as_o aforesaid_a the_o king_n not_o press_v law_n to_o pass_v nor_o any_o law_n be_v admit_v to_o bind_v without_o such_o consent_n the_o parliament_n become_v a_o body_n compose_v thus_o viz._n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a the_o lord_n temporal_a and_o the_o commons_o be_v three_o estate_n and_o the_o king_n head_n of_o all_o and_o as_o the_o soul_n add_v life_n and_o by_o continuance_n of_o time_n it_o likewise_o become_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o fundamental_a ground_n that_o no_o new_a law_n can_v be_v 25._o make_v or_o the_o old_a alter_v but_o by_o the_o king_n with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n and_o yet_o the_o king_n at_o this_o day_n which_o be_v evident_a by_o common_a experience_n have_v power_n to_o increase_v the_o number_n of_o either_o house_n and_o that_o without_o stint_n thus_o the_o power_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v restrain_v from_o make_v law_n without_o consent_n of_o their_o subject_n as_o aforesaid_a wherein_o the_o difference_n be_v but_o thus_o former_a king_n in_o some_o thing_n without_o consent_n of_o any_o know_a body_n or_o assembly_n have_v power_n to_o alter_v the_o old_a and_o make_v new_a law_n our_o 28._o king_n can_v in_o any_o one_o particular_a alter_v the_o old_a or_o make_v a_o new_a law_n without_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o two_o house_n yet_o monarchy_n remain_v the_o people_n be_v govern_v by_o the_o same_o law_n &_o under_o the_o same_o power_n as_o before_o which_o be_v by_o the_o king_n sole_a authority_n and_o law_n now_o make_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n although_o they_o bind_v not_o without_o assent_n of_o the_o two_o house_n yet_o they_o be_v the_o king_n law_n and_o be_v proper_o say_v to_o be_v make_v by_o he_o and_o the_o statute_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v and_o the_o best_a form_n of_o pen_v a_o act_n be_v thus_o viz._n be_v it_o enact_v by_o the_o king_n majesty_n with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o the_o commons_o etc._n etc._n 20._o beside_o at_o this_o day_n after_o a_o law_n be_v make_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n the_o execution_n of_o that_o law_n be_v by_o the_o king_n sole_a
with_o the_o king_n then_o they_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o question_n concern_v their_o right_n thereof_o have_v be_v long_o and_o sad_o debate_v both_o in_o black_a and_o red_a battle_n god_n himself_o have_v give_v the_o verdict_n upon_o their_o side_n mean_v if_o their_o word_n have_v any_o sense_n that_o by_o their_o prevail_a against_o the_o king_n in_o that_o war_n god_n have_v judge_v the_o cause_n for_o they_o and_o against_o the_o king_n but_o who_o see_v not_o this_o to_o be_v a_o presamptuous_a blasphemy_n add_v to_o the_o sin_n of_o rebellion_n do_v not_o this_o bold_a hypocrisy_n as_o apt_o suit_n with_o the_o action_n of_o ket_n cade_n wat_n tyler_n and_o all_o foregoing_a rebel_n certain_o as_o long_o as_o any_o traitor_n murderer_n or_o fellow_n can_v defend_v himself_o from_o the_o just_a trial_n and_o sentence_n of_o the_o law_n it_o be_v as_o easy_a and_o upon_o as_o just_a ground_n for_o he_o to_o appeal_v to_o god_n for_o justification_n of_o his_o fact_n as_o these_o member_n do_v now_o call_v he_o to_o witness_v for_o they_o so_o that_o the_o consequence_n to_o the_o people_n of_o england_n which_o follow_v the_o exclude_v the_o king_n from_o his_o negative_a voice_n in_o parliament_n be_v no_o less_o than_o the_o loss_n of_o that_o happy_a condition_n of_o a_o free_a subject_n govern_v by_o a_o know_a law_n under_o a_o king_n and_o in_o be_v reduce_v to_o the_o slavery_n of_o a_o arbitrary_a power_n under_o their_o equal_n and_o fellow_n subject_n therefore_o all_o the_o people_n of_o england_n do_v general_o disclaim_v the_o foresay_a member_n to_o be_v their_o representative_n and_o refuse_v to_o submit_v unto_o their_o order_n or_o ordinance_n upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n these_o thing_n appear_v that_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n consist_v of_o the_o king_n the_o lord_n house_n and_o the_o foe_fw-mi commons_o house_n joint_o concur_v that_o every_o one_o of_o they_o have_v a_o negative_a voice_n in_o make_v law_n and_o consequent_o all_o order_n and_o ordinance_n or_o whatever_o they_o may_v be_v style_v whereunto_o the_o king_n have_v not_o or_o shall_v not_o voluntary_o without_o compulsion_n give_v his_o royal_a assent_n be_v do_v without_o commission_n warrant_v or_o authority_n and_o so_o not_o bind_v king_n or_o people_n 20._o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n be_v show_v the_o power_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n chap._n iv._o that_o the_o king_n the_o lord_n house_n and_o the_o commons_o house_n concur_v have_v not_o a_o unlimited_a power_n to_o make_v law_n it_o be_v in_o the_o breast_n of_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n to_o determine_v which_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v bind_v and_o which_o void_a and_o to_o expound_v the_o meaning_n of_o every_o act._n it_o may_v seem_v strange_a to_o some_o that_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n shall_v be_v limit_v in_o their_o power_n and_o deny_v to_o expound_v their_o own_o law_n but_o upon_o consideration_n have_v of_o the_o use_n of_o a_o parliament_n and_o of_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n it_o appear_v to_o be_v both_o just_a and_o consonant_a to_o the_o constitution_n of_o this_o realm_n the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n be_v not_o govern_v by_o a_o parliament_n sovereignty_n be_v the_o king_n yet_o the_o king_n himself_o have_v not_o a_o absolute_a or_o a_o unlimited_a power_n over_o the_o people_n for_o as_o the_o people_n be_v govern_v by_o and_o under_o he_o so_o the_o law_n direct_v how_o he_o be_v to_o govern_v they_o but_o in_o this_o nation_n as_o in_o every_o commonwealth_n govern_v by_o a_o settle_a law_n occasion_n oft_o happen_v to_o do_v such_o thing_n as_o the_o rule_n of_o that_o law_n can_v warrant_v therefore_o necessary_a it_o be_v to_o have_v a_o power_n to_o supply_v those_o defect_n and_o that_o be_v the_o office_n and_o true_a use_n of_o a_o parliament_n which_o authority_n right_o consider_v be_v of_o such_o concernment_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n as_o that_o the_o great_a care_n in_o the_o world_n ought_v to_o be_v have_v who_o be_v trust_v therewith_o it_o be_v no_o less_o than_o a_o power_n to_o change_v that_o law_n whereby_o the_o people_n have_v protection_n of_o life_n and_o fortune_n and_o therefore_o may_v require_v the_o consent_n of_o such_o person_n as_o be_v not_o right_o qualify_v to_o judge_v which_o law_n be_v bind_v and_o which_o void_a or_o to_o expound_v the_o meaning_n thereof_o upon_o that_o ground_n it_o be_v that_o by_o the_o constitution_n of_o this_o realm_n no_o new_a law_n can_v be_v make_v or_o the_o old_a change_v but_o by_o the_o king_n with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n those_o person_n as_o before_o appear_v be_v proper_a to_o judge_v when_o such_o thing_n have_v happen_v as_o may_v require_v the_o make_n of_o a_o new_a law_n or_o to_o alter_v the_o old_a but_o without_o derogation_n from_o the_o honour_n of_o those_o person_n that_o body_n be_v not_o of_o a_o mould_n fit_a to_o judge_v which_o statute_n be_v bind_v which_o void_a or_o to_o expound_v the_o meaning_n of_o a_o act._n first_o clear_v it_o be_v act_n of_o parliament_n may_v be_v so_o pen_v and_o contain_v such_o matter_n as_o ought_v not_o to_o bind_v either_o king_n or_o people_n suppose_v it_o enact_v that_o from_o henceforth_o the_o member_n of_o the_o two_o house_n shall_v be_v exempt_a from_o punishment_n for_o treason_n murder_n felony_n and_o other_o crime_n or_o that_o the_o king_n and_o the_o two_o house_n from_o time_n to_o time_n shall_v consent_v to_o make_v such_o law_n as_o a_o close_a committee_n or_o certain_a person_n by_o name_n shall_v conclude_v upon_o or_o that_o every_o act_n of_o parliament_n afterward_o make_v shall_v be_v void_a and_o the_o like_a no_o man_n can_v conceive_v such_o act_n will_v be_v bind_v for_o thereby_o the_o true_a use_n of_o parliament_n the_o law_n and_o government_n be_v destroy_v beside_o all_o man_n grant_v that_o a_o arbitrary_a power_n be_v absolute_o destructive_a to_o the_o people_n and_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o next_o precedent_n chapter_n that_o to_o give_v this_o unlimited_a authority_n of_o make_v law_n to_o the_o king_n alone_o or_o to_o either_o or_o both_o house_n without_o the_o king_n be_v no_o other_o than_o to_o bring_v upon_o the_o people_n that_o thraldom_n now_o for_o this_o boundless_a power_n to_o be_v in_o the_o king_n and_o the_o two_o house_n joint_o although_o that_o be_v nothing_o so_o bad_a as_o to_o have_v it_o in_o the_o king_n alone_o or_o in_o either_o or_o both_o house_n without_o the_o king_n yet_o the_o people_n be_v not_o thereby_o so_o well_o secure_v from_o the_o tyranny_n of_o a_o arbitrary_a power_n as_o when_o the_o judge_n determine_v which_o act_n of_o parlliament_n be_v bind_v and_o which_o void_a upon_o perusal_n of_o former_a statute_n it_o appear_v the_o member_n of_o both_o house_n have_v be_v frequent_o draw_v to_o consent_n not_o only_o to_o thing_n prejudicial_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o even_o in_o matter_n of_o great_a weight_n to_o alter_v and_o contradict_v what_o former_o themselves_o have_v agree_v unto_o and_o that_o even_o as_o it_o happen_v to_o please_v the_o fancy_n of_o the_o present_a prince_n witness_v that_o statute_n by_o which_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o the_o proclamation_n of_o king_n h._n 8._o 8._o shall_v be_v equivalent_a to_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n one_o other_o act_n which_o declare_v both_o queen_n mary_n 7._o and_o queen_n eliz._n to_o be_v bastard_n one_o other_o which_o in_o word_n 1._o give_v power_n to_o the_o same_o king_n to_o dispose_v of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n by_o his_o last_o will_n and_o testament_n and_o the_o several_a statute_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n h._n 8._o edw._n 6._o queen_n marry_o and_o queen_n eliz._n set_v up_o and_o pull_v down_o each_o other_o religion_n every_o one_o of_o they_o condemn_v even_o to_o death_n the_o professor_n of_o the_o contrary_a religion_n and_o now_o reflect_v upon_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o present_a member_n we_o find_v they_o have_v de_fw-fr facto_fw-la arrogate_a unto_o themselves_o in_o the_o high_a strain_n a_o power_n arbitrary_a it_o be_v likewise_o too_o evident_a with_o what_o terror_n menace_n and_o inhuman_a cruelty_n they_o press_v their_o sovereign_n king_n to_o pass_v act_n of_o parliament_n for_o confirmation_n thereof_o doubtless_o have_v they_o not_o meet_v with_o a_o king_n even_o beyond_o humane_a expectation_n most_o magnanimous_a it_o have_v be_v effect_v and_o suppose_v this_o king_n consent_n have_v be_v obtain_v or_o that_o he_o or_o any_o other_o succeed_a king_n shall_v be_v draw_v by_o force_n or_o fraud_n to_o consent_v thereunto_o and_o admit_v such_o act_n of_o parliament_n to_o bind_v it_o will_v follow_v that_o no_o government_n can_v be_v more_o arbitrary_a
first_o confess_v the_o foresay_a fact_n of_o levy_v war_n do_v deny_v a_o intent_n to_o harm_v the_o king_n in_o his_o crown_n or_o dignity_n then_o for_o rescue_v the_o king_n from_o his_o cavalier_n if_o m._n pryn_n reflect_v upon_o the_o case_n of_o robert_n earl_n of_o essex_n in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n he_o will_v find_v that_o that_o earl_n in_o comparison_n of_o edg-hill_n battaile_n gather_v together_o but_o a_o handful_n of_o man_n nor_o be_v that_o queen_n fight_v with_o nor_o her_o person_n in_o danger_n all_o which_o thing_n the_o foresay_a earl_n at_o his_o arraignment_n allege_v for_o himself_o and_o protest_v his_o intent_n be_v only_o to_o remove_v from_o the_o queen_n some_o evil_a councillor_n about_o she_o yet_o not_o available_a the_o fact_n by_o he_o confess_v viz._n without_o warrant_n from_o the_o queen_n in_o a_o tumultuous_a manner_n to_o raise_v force_n be_v judge_v treason_n for_o which_o that_o earl_n and_o his_o adherent_n be_v execute_v as_o traitor_n thus_o for_o the_o point_n of_o levy_v war_n against_o the_o king_n then_o for_o imagine_v the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n queen_n and_o prince_n in_o this_o case_n the_o intent_n of_o the_o party_n act_v be_v considerable_a for_o example_n suppose_v the_o king_n to_o be_v distract_v or_o distemper_v endeavour_n to_o violate_v himself_o or_o assault_v a_o subject_a to_o lay_v hand_n upon_o the_o king_n to_o preserve_v his_o or_o the_o subject_n life_n in_o those_o case_n and_o such_o like_a the_o fact_n be_v lawful_a and_o it_o may_v so_o happen_v that_o the_o king_n may_v be_v slay_v and_o yet_o no_o treason_n as_o in_o case_n of_o tilt_v and_o such_o like_a now_o the_o intent_n of_o any_o man_n can_v appear_v otherwise_o then_o by_o the_o party_n confession_n or_o by_o proof_n circumstance_n and_o presumption_n then_o for_o the_o author_n and_o actor_n in_o this_o war_n it_o be_v true_a they_o deny_v a_o intention_n to_o kill_v the_o king_n the_o queen_n or_o prince_n but_o the_o circumstance_n be_v as_o full_a and_o pregnant_a to_o prove_v they_o intend_v it_o as_o be_v possible_a a_o man_n seem_v to_o come_v out_o of_o a_o house_n with_o a_o naked_a sword_n bloody_a none_o be_v in_o the_o house_n but_o the_o corpse_n of_o a_o dead_a body_n new_o slay_v with_o a_o sword_n this_o be_v so_o pregnant_a a_o presumption_n as_o that_o before_o a_o just_a judge_n and_o a_o equal_a jury_n the_o man_n denial_n will_v not_o avail_v he_o suppose_v one_o shall_v assault_v and_o strike_v the_o king_n the_o queen_n or_o prince_n and_o with_o violence_n pursue_v the_o same_o and_o for_o this_o be_v indict_v to_o have_v imagine_v their_o death_n for_o that_o man_n to_o allege_v he_o intend_v not_o to_o kill_v he_o or_o they_o so_o assault_v be_v in_o vain_a but_o certain_o the_o presumption_n to_o prove_v the_o author_n and_o actor_n of_o this_o war_n intend_v to_o kill_v the_o king_n the_o queen_n and_o prince_n be_v far_o more_o pregnant_a suppose_v the_o member_n and_o their_o soldier_n have_v declare_v their_o intent_n to_o be_v to_o kill_v they_o no_o man_n can_v devise_v how_o they_o can_v have_v endeavour_v to_o have_v effect_v it_o more_o than_o have_v be_v do_v by_o this_o war_n several_a battle_n have_v be_v join_v the_o king_n and_o prince_n in_o person_n and_o many_o thousand_o on_o the_o king_n party_n slay_v and_o for_o the_o queen_n witness_v the_o business_n at_o burlington_n the_o author_n and_o actor_n of_o the_o powder-plot_n be_v just_o condemn_v for_o treason_n upon_o that_o point_n of_o imagine_v to_o kill_v the_o king_n the_o queen_n and_o and_o prince_z but_o upon_o this_o ground_n of_o m._n pryn_n they_o may_v have_v escape_v punishment_n it_o have_v be_v as_o easy_a for_o they_o to_o have_v allege_v that_o they_o intend_v not_o to_o kill_v the_o king_n the_o queen_n and_o prince_n as_o for_o the_o actor_n in_o this_o war_n to_o pretend_v it_o but_o master_n pryn_n undertake_v to_o make_v this_o war_n against_o the_o king_n to_o be_v lawful_a by_o authority_n and_o precedent_n julius_n caesar_n say_v he_o by_o a_o conspiracy_n of_o the_o senate_n of_o rome_n be_v murder_v have_v 23_o wound_n give_v he_o and_o then_o show_v the_o rebellion_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n john_n henry_n 3_o edward_n 2._o richard_n 2._o and_o other_o king_n and_o some_o of_o they_o it_o be_v true_a be_v murder_v by_o their_o subject_n answer_n i_o confess_v if_o precedent_n and_o example_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v authority_n to_o prove_v the_o fact_n lawful_a it_o be_v easy_a enough_o to_o justify_v this_o and_o every_o rebellion_n and_o m._n pryn_n have_v cite_v that_o precedent_n of_o julius_n caesar_n and_o himself_o acknowledge_v that_o fact_n to_o be_v murder_n he_o be_v oversee_v to_o omit_v cite_v that_o of_o judas_n for_o it_o be_v somewhat_o late_a in_o time_n it_o excel_v that_o fact_n against_o caesar_n and_o be_v very_o suitable_a with_o this_o of_o the_o member_n he_o betray_v his_o master_n and_o the_o saviour_n of_o the_o world_n with_o a_o kiss_n these_o their_o sovereign_n with_o a_o oath_n supremacy_n and_o like_v unto_o those_o treason_n and_o murder_n against_o caesar_n king_n edw._n 2._o and_o king_n rich._n 2._o they_o may_v very_o apt_o have_v cite_v the_o example_n of_o some_o of_o their_o dear_a brethren_n the_o scot_n several_a king_n have_v be_v rebel_v against_o and_o murder_v too_o by_o the_o subject_n of_o that_o nation_n yet_o we_o see_v they_o be_v not_o by_o the_o people_n of_o scotland_n make_v example_n or_o cite_v for_o authority_n to_o prove_v the_o lawfulness_n thereof_o but_o contrariwise_o that_o nation_n do_v unanimous_o declare_v it_o their_o duty_n to_o relieve_v and_o rescue_v their_o king_n from_o out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o rebellious_a english_a subject_n and_o many_o other_o example_n i_o confess_v there_o be_v in_o foreign_a country_n both_o christian_n turk_n and_o infidel_n where_o king_n by_o their_o own_o subject_n have_v be_v 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