kill_v she_o hushand_o part_n of_o which_o her_o husband_n and_o her_o father_n have_v eat_v be_v greivous_o sick_a whereof_o her_o father_n complain_v to_o the_o say_v martin_n martin_n stir_v the_o electuary_n do_v eat_v part_n of_o it_o the_o one_o and_o twenty_o of_o may_n and_o die_v the_o 22th_o of_o may_n and_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o agnes_n be_v guilty_a of_o the_o murder_n of_o the_o say_v martin_n for_o the_o law_n conjoyn_v the_o murderous_a intention_n of_o agnes_n in_o put_v poison_n into_o the_o electuary_n to_o kill_v her_o husband_n with_o the_o event_n that_o follow_v upon_o it_o to_o wit_v the_o death_n of_o the_o say_v martin_n for_o the_o put_n of_o poison_n in_o the_o electuary_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o poison_n and_o death_n of_o the_o say_v martin_n be_v the_o event_n for_o that_o be_v the_o event_n which_o follow_v the_o cause_n and_o be_v call_v event_n because_o they_o come_v from_o the_o cause_n and_o the_o stir_n of_o the_o electuary_n by_o martin_n without_o put_v in_o the_o poison_n by_o agnes_n can_v not_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o death_n ibidem_fw-la frustra_fw-la expectatur_fw-la eventus_fw-la cujus_fw-la effectus_fw-la nullus_fw-la sequitur_fw-la it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o expect_v the_o event_n where_o no_o effect_n follow_v coke_n l._n 5_o f._n 15._o b._n cawdry_n case_n as_o if_o a_o excommunication_n under_o the_o pope_n bull_n be_v not_o of_o force_n to_o disable_v any_o man_n in_o england_n and_o that_o if_o it_o be_v the_o extreme_a and_o final_a end_n of_o any_o suit_n in_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n be_v not_o to_o be_v allow_v in_o england_n it_o consequent_o follow_v that_o by_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n of_o england_n no_o suit_n for_o any_o cause_n though_o it_o be_v spiritual_a arise_v within_o this_o realm_n aught_o to_o be_v determine_v in_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n for_o in_o vain_a a_o event_n be_v to_o be_v expect_v of_o which_o no_o effect_n follow_v and_o that_o the_o bishop_n of_o england_n be_v the_o immediate_a officer_n and_o minister_n to_o the_o king_n court_n ibidem_fw-la plus_fw-fr virium_fw-la habent_fw-la argumenta_fw-la ex_fw-la effectis_fw-la fons_n log._n argument_n from_o the_o effect_n be_v of_o great_a force_n and_o therefore_o do_v the_o law_n common_o construe_v thing_n according_a to_o the_o effect_n as_o if_o a_o deed_n be_v deliver_v by_o a_o infant_n it_o can_v be_v deliver_v again_o at_o his_o full_a age_n for_o it_o take_v some_o effect_n before_o and_o be_v but_o voydable_a 1._o h._n 6._o 4._o but_o a_o deed_n deliver_v by_o a_o feme-covert_n or_o a_o release_n deliver_v to_o one_o who_o have_v nothing_o in_o the_o land_n may_v be_v deliver_v again_o to_o wit_n when_o she_o come_v to_o be_v sole_a or_o the_o party_n to_o have_v somewhat_o in_o the_o land_n for_o the_o first_o delivery_n be_v mere_o void_a and_o of_o no_o effect_n at_o all_o from_o the_o whole_a and_o the_o part_n totum_fw-la praefertur_fw-la unicuique_fw-la parti_fw-la the_o whole_a be_v prefer_v before_o either_o part_n coke_n l._n 3._o f._n 41._o in_o ratcliff_n case_n as_o the_o blood_n which_o be_v between_o every_o heir_n and_o his_o ancester_n make_v he_o heir_n for_o without_o blood_n none_o can_v inherit_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v great_a reason_n that_o he_o who_o have_v the_o whole_a and_o entire_a blood_n shall_v inherit_v before_o he_o who_o have_v but_o part_n of_o the_o blood_n of_o his_o ancester_n because_o by_o the_o order_n of_o nature_n the_o whole_a be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o the_o part_n and_o therefore_o say_v bracton_n proptâ—r_v jus_o sanguinis_fw-la duplicatum_fw-la dicitur_fw-la haeire_n tam_fw-la ex_fw-la parte_fw-la matris_fw-la quam_fw-la ex_fw-la parte_fw-la patris_fw-la propinquior_fw-la soror_fw-la quum_fw-la frater_fw-la de_fw-la alia_fw-la uxore_fw-la that_o from_o the_o double_a right_n of_o blood_n as_o well_o from_o the_o part_n of_o the_o father_n as_o from_o the_o part_n of_o the_o mother_n the_o sister_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o near_a heir_n than_o the_o brother_n of_o the_o other_o wife_n and_o britton_n say_v that_o the_o right_n of_o blood_n in_o this_o case_n make_v the_o female_a to_o exclude_v the_o male_a ibidem_fw-la and_o therefore_o by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n if_o a_o common_a person_n have_v issue_v a_o son_n and_o a_o daughter_n by_o one_o venture_n and_o a_o son_n by_o another_o venture_n and_o die_v seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee-simple_n and_o the_o elder_a son_n enter_v into_o the_o land_n and_o die_v without_o issue_n the_o sister_n of_o the_o whole_a blood_n shall_v inherit_v to_o he_o and_o not_o the_o brother_n of_o the_o half_a blood_n coke_n ibidem_fw-la 40._o b._n vbi_fw-la major_n pars_fw-la ibi_fw-la totum_fw-la where_o the_o major_a part_n be_v there_o be_v the_o whole_a 21._o e._n 4._o 27._o &_o 14._o h._n 8._o 27._o the_o dean_n and_o major_a part_n of_o the_o chapter_n make_v the_o croporation_n and_o their_o act_n be_v the_o act_n of_o the_o corporation_n though_o the_o other_o do_v not_o agree_v which_o accord_v with_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o canon_n law_n authoritas_fw-la &_o potestas_fw-la capituli_fw-la consistit_fw-la in_o majore_fw-la pair_v ejus_fw-la &_o saniâ—ri_fw-la &_o sic_fw-la totum_fw-la capitulum_fw-la facere_fw-la dicitur_fw-la quod_fw-la facit_fw-la major_n &_o sanior_fw-la pars_fw-la panorâ—â—tanus_n the_o authority_n and_o power_n of_o a_o chapter_n consist_v in_o the_o great_a and_o sound_a part_n and_o so_o the_o whole_a chapter_n be_v say_v to_o do_v what_o the_o major_a and_o sound_a part_n do_v but_o here_o this_o difference_n be_v to_o be_v take_v that_o in_o college_n and_o corporation_n the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o member_n ought_v to_o give_v their_o voice_n in_o a_o distinct_a number_n and_o not_o in_o a_o confuse_a and_o incertain_a number_n as_o in_o the_o election_n of_o the_o knight_n of_o parliament_n or_o the_o coronor_n or_o virderor_n in_o the_o county_n court_n the_o great_a voice_n and_o acclamation_n be_v sufficient_a to_o show_v the_o assent_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o freeholders_n who_o make_v the_o election_n ployd_v 126._o a._n so_o as_o the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o chapter_n do_v consent_n in_o make_v this_o confirmation_n and_o this_o consent_n ought_v to_o be_v express_v by_o the_o fix_v of_o the_o seal_n 14._o h._n 6._o 17._o so_o ought_v they_o to_o sit_v in_o one_o place_n and_o at_o one_o time_n for_o otherwise_o it_o may_v be_v call_v a_o assent_n and_o not_o a_o consent_n where_o the_o lease_n ought_v to_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o assent_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o dean_n and_o chapter_n for_o as_o the_o body_n natural_a can_v make_v any_o perfect_a act_n if_o it_o be_v dismember_v no_o more_o can_v a_o body_n politic_a but_o the_o person_n which_o be_v member_n of_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v capitulariter_fw-la congregati_fw-la in_o a_o certain_a place_n otherwise_o if_o they_o be_v scatter_v or_o disperse_v in_o several_a place_n that_o which_o they_o do_v shall_v not_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o act_n of_o the_o corporation_n but_o factum_fw-la singulorum_fw-la as_o 15._o e._n 4._o 2._o a._n where_o the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o monk_n have_v subscribe_v their_o hand_n to_o a_o deed_n of_o the_o abbot_n but_o it_o be_v not_o express_v that_o it_o be_v do_v with_o the_o assent_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o covent_n it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v do_v by_o those_o particular_a person_n which_o have_v subscribe_v and_o not_o by_o the_o corporation_n and_o such_o a_o deed_n shall_v not_o bind_v the_o house_n yet_o the_o dean_n and_o chapter_n be_v not_o confine_v to_o their_o chapterhouse_n but_o they_o may_v meet_v to_o and_o make_v their_o act_n elsewhere_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v hold_v 21._o e._n 4._o 26_o that_o where_o a_o deed_n do_v bear_v date_n in_o domâ—_n capituli_fw-la averrement_n may_v be_v that_o the_o deed_n be_v deliver_v at_o another_o place_n yet_o the_o major_a part_n ought_v to_o be_v present_a in_o the_o same_o place_n and_o therefore_o the_o election_n of_o coroner_n ought_v to_o be_v in_o pleno_fw-la comitatu_fw-la as_o appear_v by_o the_o writ_n de_fw-fr coronatore_fw-la eligendo_fw-la so_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o chapter_n aught_o to_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n simul_fw-la &_o semel_fw-la and_o not_o scatter_o and_o upon_o several_a day_n for_o it_o be_v not_o a_o consent_n unless_o it_o be_v simul_fw-la for_o consensus_fw-la est_fw-la voluntas_fw-la multoâ—um_fw-la ad_fw-la ques_fw-la res_fw-la pertinet_fw-la simul_fw-la juncta_fw-la for_o consent_n be_v the_o will_n of_o many_o join_v together_o concern_v those_o thing_n which_o appertain_v unto_o they_o davis_n f._n 48._o vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la turpâ—s_fw-la est_fw-la pars_fw-la quae_fw-la cum_fw-la svo_fw-la toto_fw-la non_fw-la convenit_fw-la it_o be_v a_o foul_a and_o deform_a
ward_n within_o lond._n but_o god_n forbid_v but_o that_o the_o juror_n may_v find_v asset_n by_o descent_n in_o any_o other_o county_n within_o england_n for_o the_o law_n be_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o such_o case_n shall_v have_v execution_n of_o all_o the_o land_n the_o heir_n have_v and_o peradventure_o he_o may_v have_v land_n in_o diverse_a county_n and_o therefore_o though_o a_o place_n be_v name_v for_o necessity_n sake_n yet_o the_o juror_n may_v find_v all_o that_o which_o by_o law_n may_v be_v chargeable_a in_o such_o a_o case_n in_o whatsoever_o city_n and_o county_n it_o lie_v and_o so_o be_v the_o principal_a case_n resolve_v after_o in_o 10._o eliz._n though_o it_o be_v not_o report_v there_o and_o with_o it_o agreee_v 10._o h._n 6._o 13._o and_o the_o conceit_n of_o brook_n 2._o mar._n attaint_n 104._o that_o the_o juror_n of_o one_o county_n be_v not_o compellable_n to_o find_v transitory_a thing_n in_o another_o county_n be_v altogether_o deny_v by_o the_o whole_a court_n for_o they_o be_v bind_v under_o the_o pain_n of_o attaint_n to_o find_v asset_n in_o any_o other_o county_n whatsoever_o for_o it_o may_v be_v that_o the_o executor_n have_v good_n of_o the_o testator_n in_o divers_a several_a county_n and_o that_o in_o none_o of_o those_o county_n have_v by_o he_o there_o be_v asset_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la and_o if_o the_o excutor_n have_v any_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o world_n he_o shall_v be_v charge_v in_o respect_n of_o they_o or_o if_o merchant_n and_o other_o which_o have_v good_n of_o great_a value_n beyond_o the_o sea_n be_v indebt_v in_o england_n if_o those_o good_n shall_v not_o be_v liable_a to_o their_o debt_n it_o will_v be_v a_o great_a defect_n in_o law_n ib._n coke_n come_v f._n 282._o a._n it_o be_v a_o ancient_a principle_n of_o the_o law_n that_o for_o transitory_a action_n the_o plaintiff_n may_v allege_v the_o same_o in_o what_o place_n or_o county_n he_o will_v and_o the_o juror_n upon_o not_o guilty_a plead_v be_v to_o be_v make_v to_o find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n neither_o can_v the_o assault_n battery_n or_o find_v of_o good_n &c._n &c._n allege_v in_o another_o county_n be_v traverse_v without_o special_a cause_n of_o justification_n which_o extend_v to_o some_o special_a place_n as_o if_o a_o constable_n of_o a_o town_n in_o another_o county_n arrest_v the_o body_n of_o a_o man_n that_o break_v the_o peace_n there_o he_o may_v traverse_v the_o county_n but_o he_o must_v not_o rest_v there_o but_o all_o other_o place_n save_v in_o the_o town_n where_o he_o be_v constable_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la but_o in_o the_o case_n of_o felony_n the_o trial_n shall_v be_v by_o the_o common_a law_n in_o the_o same_o place_n where_o the_o offence_n be_v and_o shall_v not_o be_v suppose_v in_o any_o other_o place_n for_o in_o criminal_a cause_n the_o rule_n hold_v ubi_fw-la quis_fw-la deliquit_fw-la ibi_fw-la punietur_fw-la coke_n l._n 6._o f._n 47._o b._n where_o one_o offend_v there_o he_o shall_v be_v punish_v yet_o this_o rule_n fail_v in_o treason_n to_o adhere_v to_o the_o enemy_n of_o the_o king_n without_o the_o realm_n which_o be_v declare_v to_o be_v treason_n by_o the_o common_a law_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 25._o e._n 3._o de_fw-la proditionibus_fw-la for_o least_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o want_n of_o trial_n in_o matter_n of_o such_o consequence_n the_o adherence_n without_o the_o realm_n must_v be_v allege_v in_o some_o place_n within_o england_n and_o if_o upon_o the_o indictment_n they_o shall_v find_v any_o adherence_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n they_o shall_v find_v the_o delinquent_n guilty_a 5._o r._n 2._o trial_n 24_o but_o common_o they_o do_v indite_v he_o in_o that_o county_n where_o his_o land_n do_v lie_v which_o be_v to_o be_v forfeit_v and_o so_o it_o be_v declare_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 35._o h._n 8._o c._n 2_o vide_fw-la coke_n come_v 261._o f._n b._n saepe_fw-la locus_fw-la in_o delcto_fw-la auget_fw-la vel_fw-la minuit_fw-la culpam_fw-la reg._n i._n c._n the_o place_n do_v often_o augment_v or_o diminish_v the_o offence_n as_o he_o who_o strike_v a_o man_n in_o westmin_n hall_n shall_v have_v his_o right_a hand_n cut_v off_o &_o his_o land_n &_o chattel_n forfeit_v so_o if_o he_o strike_v a_o juror_n and_o beside_o shall_v be_v commit_v to_o perpetual_a prison_n finch_n nâ—mot_n f._n 25._o if_o man_n tilt_v or_o tourney_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o king_n and_o if_o two_o master_n of_o defence_n play_v their_o prize_n on_o the_o stage_n and_o kill_v one_o another_o it_o be_v not_o felony_n heb._n rep._n f._n 89._o so_o tâ—e_v felonious_a take_n of_o good_n out_o of_o any_o church_n or_o chappel_n be_v sacrilege_n and_o a_o felony_n more_o heinous_a than_o ordinary_a and_o therefore_o more_o severe_o punish_v it_o be_v king_n alureds_n law_n qui_fw-la in_o templo_fw-la quid_fw-la clepscrit_fw-fr valorem_fw-la solvito_fw-la mulctampretio_fw-la rei_fw-la congruam_fw-la pendito_fw-mi &_o manum_fw-la quacumque_fw-la furatus_fw-la est_fw-la praecidito_fw-mi nec_fw-la redimere_fw-la manum_fw-la potest_fw-la nisi_fw-la propria_fw-la capitis_fw-la aestimatione_fw-la whosoever_o shall_v steal_v any_o thing_n in_o a_o church_n let_v he_o restore_v the_o value_n let_v he_o pay_v a_o fine_a answerable_a to_o the_o worth_n of_o the_o thing_n let_v that_o hand_n with_o which_o he_o do_v steal_v be_v cut_v off_o neither_o can_v he_o redeem_v his_o hand_n but_o with_o the_o price_n of_o his_o life_n which_o in_o those_o ancient_a time_n wherein_o offence_n be_v not_o so_o frequent_a be_v a_o grievous_a punishment_n wherein_o their_o be_v chief_o censure_v with_o satisfaction_n but_o in_o the_o succeed_a worse_a time_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 23._o h._n 8._o it_o be_v make_v capital_a without_o the_o benefit_n of_o clergy_n so_o to_o kill_v the_o king_n chancellor_n treasurer_n justice_n in_o eyre_n and_o assize_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n be_v in_o his_o place_n and_o do_v his_o office_n be_v high_a treason_n dalt_n 226._o si_fw-mi desit_fw-la obedientia_fw-la non_fw-la adjuvat_fw-la locus_fw-la coke_n l._n 7._o f._n 24._o b_o in_o calvin_n case_n if_o obedience_n be_v want_v the_o place_n further_v not_o samaria_n in_o syria_n be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o ten_o tribe_n but_o be_v conquer_v by_o the_o king_n of_o syria_n and_o the_o jew_n take_v prisoner_n and_o carry_v away_o into_o captivity_n be_v after_o inhabit_v by_o the_o paynim_n yet_o because_o the_o people_n of_o samaria_n be_v not_o under_o actual_a obedience_n by_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o chief_a justice_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n they_o be_v adjudge_v alienigenae_fw-la alien_n luke_n c._n 17._o where_o one_o of_o they_o who_o be_v cleanse_v of_o his_o leprosy_n by_o our_o saviour_n be_v a_o samaritan_n return_v and_o give_v praise_n to_o god_n and_o be_v by_o our_o saviour_n call_v a_o alien_n that_o be_v a_o stranger_n bear_v because_o he_o have_v the_o place_n but_o want_v the_o obedience_n and_o where_o obedience_n be_v want_v the_o place_n help_v not_o and_o this_o agree_v with_o the_o divine_a say_n si_fw-mi locus_fw-la salvare_fw-la potuisset_fw-la satan_n de_fw-fr coelo_fw-la pro_fw-la sva_fw-la inobedientia_fw-la non_fw-la cecidisset_fw-la adam_n in_o paradiso_n non_fw-la cecidisset_fw-la lot_n in_o monte_fw-fr non_fw-la cecidisset_fw-la sed_fw-la potius_fw-la in_o sodom_n if_o the_o place_n can_v save_v one_o satan_n for_o his_o disobedience_n have_v not_o fall_v from_o heaven_n adam_n have_v not_o fall_v in_o paradise_n and_o lot_n in_o the_o mountain_n have_v not_o fall_v but_o rather_o in_o sodom_n a_o paribus_fw-la from_o equal_n parium_n eadem_fw-la est_fw-la ratio_fw-la thing_n be_v to_o be_v construe_v according_a to_o equality_n of_o reason_n coke_n l._n 3._o f._n 12._o b._n as_o upon_o a_o recognizance_n acknowledge_v by_o the_o ancestor_n or_o in_o a_o judgement_n upon_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n give_v against_o he_o if_o he_o die_v seize_v of_o two_o acre_n whereof_o one_o be_v hold_v in_o burrough_n english_a or_o have_v issue_n two_o daughter_n which_o make_v partition_n in_o this_o case_n if_o one_o be_v only_o charge_v the_o other_o shall_v have_v contribution_n because_o they_o be_v in_o aequali_fw-la jure_fw-la in_o equal_a right_n so_o if_o a_o man_n be_v bind_v in_o a_o statute_n or_o recognizance_n and_o after_o his_o death_n some_o of_o the_o land_n descend_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o father_n and_o some_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o mother_n in_o this_o case_n one_o only_o shall_v not_o be_v charge_v and_o if_o he_o be_v he_o shall_v have_v contribution_n against_o the_o other_o so_o in_o dower_n if_o the_o tenant_n vouch_v the_o heir_n in_o three_o several_a ward_n every_o one_o shall_v be_v equal_o charge_v as_o it_o be_v agree_v 11._o h_o 7._o 22._o ibidem_fw-la
court_n 34._o h._n 6._o 43._o and_o a_o maihme_n may_v be_v try_v by_o the_o inspection_n of_o the_o court_n 28._o ass_n 38._o if_o question_n be_v make_v whether_o they_o be_v summoner_n and_o viewer_n which_o appear_v it_o shall_v be_v try_v by_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o justice_n 33._o h._n 6._o 10._o so_o whether_o a_o earl_n be_v a_o earl_n or_o a_o baron_n a_o baron_n or_o no_o shall_v not_o be_v try_v by_o the_o country_n nor_o by_o the_o justice_n but_o by_o the_o writ_n of_o the_o king_n coke_n l._n 5._o in_o the_o countess_n of_o rutland_n case_n and_o in_o plea_n of_o a_o alien_n bear_v the_o league_n between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o sovereign_n of_o the_o alien_n bear_v shall_v be_v try_v by_o the_o record_n of_o chancery_n for_o every_o league_n be_v of_o record_n and_o general_o all_o matter_n of_o record_n shall_v be_v try_v by_o the_o record_n itself_o and_o not_o by_o the_o country_n or_o otherwise_o coke_n l._n 9_o f._n 31._o vide_fw-la de_fw-la hoc_fw-la plura_fw-la ibidem_fw-la and_o when_o a_o man_n be_v find_v a_o idiot_n from_o his_o nativity_n by_o office_n he_o who_o be_v so_o find_v may_v come_v into_o the_o chancery_n before_o the_o chancellor_n and_o pray_v that_o before_o he_o or_o such_o justice_n or_o sage_n of_o the_o law_n he_o may_v be_v examine_v whether_o he_o be_v a_o idiot_n or_o no_o or_o by_o his_o friend_n may_v sue_v a_o writ_n out_o of_o the_o chancery_n retornable_a in_o the_o chancery_n to_o bring_v he_o into_o the_o chancery_n there_o before_o we_o or_o our_o counsel_n to_o be_v examine_v and_o if_o he_o be_v find_v upon_o that_o examination_n not_o to_o be_v a_o idiot_n the_o office_n so_o find_v etc._n etc._n be_v utter_o void_a without_o any_o traverse_n or_o monstrans_fw-la de_fw-fr droit_fw-fr or_o otherwise_o f._n n._n b._n 233.10_o e._n 3._o title_n livery_n 30._o a_o apostate_n shall_v be_v certify_v by_o the_o abbot_n or_o other_o religious_a governor_n to_o who_o he_o owe_v obedience_n f._n n._n b._n 232._o in_o a_o appeal_n or_o upon_o a_o approvement_n the_o defendant_n may_v plead_v not_o guilty_a and_o try_v it_o with_o the_o plaintiff_n by_o combat_n or_o battle_n in_o person_n before_o the_o justice_n 9_o ass_n pl._n 1._o but_o the_o defendant_n be_v restrain_v from_o choice_n of_o battle_n if_o there_o be_v any_o notorious_a presumption_n of_o the_o fact_n in_o he_o finch_n nomoâ—_n f._n 422._o vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la and_o in_o a_o writ_n of_o right_a the_o tenant_n may_v join_v issue_n upon_o the_o mere_a right_n and_o try_v it_o by_o combat_n or_o battle_n by_o his_o champion_n with_o a_o freeman_n the_o champion_n of_o the_o demandant_n and_o not_o in_o person_n before_o the_o justice_n 9_o e._n 4.35_o if_o it_o be_v in_o question_n which_o of_o the_o sheriff_n make_v such_o a_o return_n it_o shall_v be_v try_v by_o the_o sheriff_n 9_o h._n 4.1_o if_o question_n be_v make_v if_o such_o a_o one_o be_v sheriff_n it_o shall_v be_v try_v by_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o sheriff_n himself_o 10._o h._n 4.7_o yet_o be_v he_o make_v by_o letter_n patent_n on_o record_n and_o therefore_o it_o also_o may_v be_v try_v by_o record_n 32._o h._n 6.27_o a_o return_n make_v by_o the_o under_o sheriff_n if_o it_o be_v deny_v shall_v be_v try_v by_o the_o under_o sheriff_n and_o the_o sheriff_n can_v disavow_v it_o if_o he_o confess_v he_o to_o be_v his_o under_o sheriff_n 10._o h._n 4.7_o if_o a_o approver_n say_v that_o he_o commence_v his_o appeal_n before_o the_o coroner_n by_o duress_n that_o shall_v be_v try_v by_o the_o coroner_n and_o if_o the_o coroner_n deny_v it_o he_o shall_v be_v hang_v 12._o ass_n 29._o trial_n if_o the_o statute_n show_v forth_o be_v a_o true_a statute_n or_o no_o shall_v be_v try_v by_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o mayor_n and_z clerk_z of_o the_o statute_n who_o take_v the_o statute_n f._n n._n b._n 104._o h._n in_o assize_n the_o tenant_n say_v that_o the_o land_n be_v take_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o king_n it_o shall_v be_v try_v by_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o escheator_n 9_o h._n 4.1_o to_o a_o petit_fw-fr cape_n the_o tenant_n say_v that_o he_o be_v in_o prison_n three_o day_n before_o and_o three_o day_n after_o it_o shall_v be_v try_v by_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o attorney_n 13._o r._n 2.22_o not_o attach_v within_o fifteen_o day_n in_o a_o assize_n shall_v be_v try_v by_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o bailie_n so_o that_o the_o tenant_n be_v not_o summon_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n shall_v be_v try_v by_o law-gage_a and_o the_o law-gage_a do_v countervail_v a_o jury_n for_o the_o tenant_n shall_v make_v his_o law_n dvodecima_fw-la manu_fw-la to_o wit_n by_o eleven_o beside_o himself_o unless_o it_o be_v against_o a_o corporation_n for_o than_o it_o shall_v for_o necessity_n be_v try_v by_o the_o country_n because_o it_o can_v wage_v law_n in_o a_o writ_n of_o deceit_n upon_o a_o recovery_n by_o default_n the_o trial_n shall_v be_v if_o the_o judgement_n be_v give_v upon_o the_o petit_fw-la capit_fw-la by_o the_o summoner_n if_o upon_o a_o grand_a cape_n by_o the_o summoner_n pernor_n and_o viewer_n 48._o e._n 3.11_o so_o if_o a_o recovery_n by_o default_n in_o a_o real_a action_n be_v plead_v and_o the_o other_o say_v not_o comprise_v it_o shall_v be_v try_v by_o the_o summoner_n and_o viewer_n 10._o h._n 4.7_o and_o yet_o their_o be_v no_o remedy_n if_o they_o speak_v false_o and_o therefore_o ubi_fw-la majus_fw-la periculum_fw-la ibi_fw-la cautius_fw-la est_fw-la agendum_fw-la where_o there_o be_v a_o great_a danger_n there_o we_o ought_v to_o be_v more_o wary_a the_o cause_n of_o challenge_n shall_v be_v try_v by_o two_o tryer_n to_o be_v appoint_v by_o the_o justice_n 9_o e._n 4.5_o but_o the_o trial_n of_o any_o one_o of_o the_o grand_a jury_n shall_v be_v take_v by_o four_o knight_n trial_n may_v be_v in_o debt_n upon_o a_o simple_a contract_n detinue_n etc._n etc._n either_o by_o law_n gager_n by_o the_o defendant_n himself_o or_o by_o the_o country_n at_o the_o election_n of_o the_o defendant_n 30._o ass_n p._n 19_o coke_n l_o 9_o f._n 32.33_o and_o coke_n come_v f._n 74._o if_o a_o subject_a of_o the_o king_n be_v kill_v by_o another_o of_o his_o subject_n in_o a_o foreign_a country_n the_o wife_n or_o heir_n of_o the_o dead_a may_v have_v a_o appeal_n for_o that_o murder_n or_o homicide_n before_o the_o constable_n and_o the_o marshal_n who_o sentence_n be_v upon_o testimony_n of_o witness_n or_o combat_n and_o their_o proceed_n according_o to_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o not_o by_o the_o oath_n of_o twelve_o man_n and_o so_o be_v it_o resolve_v in_o the_o twenty_o five_o of_o elizabeth_n in_o the_o case_n of_o sir_n francis_n drake_n who_o strike_v off_o the_o head_n of_o dowty_n in_o partibut_fw-la transmarivis_fw-la that_o his_o brother_n and_o heir_n may_v have_v a_o appeal_n but_o the_o queen_n will_v not_o constitute_v a_o constable_n of_o england_n and_o therefore_o the_o appeal_n be_v dormant_a and_o coke_n come_v f._n 261._o b._n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 25._o e_o 3._o de_fw-fr proditionibus_fw-la it_o be_v declare_v that_o it_o be_v treason_n by_o the_o common_a law_n to_o adhere_v to_o the_o enemy_n of_o the_o king_n within_o the_o realm_n and_o without_o if_o he_o thereof_o be_v proveablement_n attaint_v of_o overt-fact_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v forfeit_v all_o his_o land_n etc._n etc._n but_o least_o the_o common_a law_n declare_v by_o parliament_n shall_v be_v illusory_a and_o that_o the_o delinquent_n may_v not_o be_v attaint_v thereof_o for_o necessity_n sake_n the_o adherency_n without_o the_o realm_n must_v be_v allege_v in_o some_o place_n within_o england_n and_o if_o upon_o evidence_n they_o shall_v find_v any_o adherency_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n they_o shall_v find_v the_o delinquent_n guilty_a but_o most_o common_o they_o indict_v he_o if_o he_o have_v land_n in_o some_o county_n where_o the_o land_n do_v lie_v that_o be_v to_o be_v forfeit_v and_o so_o it_o be_v declare_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 35._o h._n 8._o and_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v try_v by_o twelve_o man_n of_o the_o county_n where_o the_o king_n bench_n shall_v sit_v and_o determine_v before_o the_o justice_n of_o that_o bench_n or_o else_o before_o such_o commissioner_n and_o in_o such_o shire_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o shall_v be_v assign_v by_o his_o majesty_n commission_n and_o this_o statute_n for_o this_o point_n remain_v in_o force_n at_o this_o day_n and_o so_o be_v it_o resolve_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n 33._o eliz._n in_o orurk_n case_n and_o 34_o eliz._n in_o sir_n john_n perot_v case_n for_o treason_n do_v in_o ireland_n for_o that_o it_o be_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n
quae_fw-la quidem_fw-la diaturnitate_fw-la temporis_fw-la efficit_fw-la 2._o l._n 1_o de_fw-la repub_fw-la f._n 2._o ut_fw-la nonnulla_fw-la toleranda_fw-la esse_fw-la videantur_fw-la que_fw-la contra_fw-la jus_o boni_fw-la &_o aequi_fw-la esse_fw-la videantur_fw-la we_o be_v to_o yield_v something_o to_o custom_n which_o certain_o by_o long_a continuance_n of_o time_n do_v effect_n that_o some_o thing_n may_v seem_v to_o be_v tolerate_v which_o seem_v to_o be_v against_o the_o rule_n of_o right_n and_o equity_n so_o moses_n tolerate_v and_o suffer_v the_o jew_n libello_fw-la repudii_fw-la by_o a_o bill_n of_o refusal_n to_o forsake_v their_o wife_n though_o the_o indissoluble_a bond_n of_o matrimony_n be_v ordain_v of_o god_n and_o this_o dispensation_n as_o our_o saviour_n say_v be_v permit_v for_o the_o hardness_n of_o their_o heart_n because_o their_o heart_n through_o inveterate_a custom_n be_v harden_v against_o that_o divine_a ordinance_n consuetudo_fw-la more_fw-it utentiam_fw-la approbata_fw-la vim_o legis_fw-la obtinet_fw-la bract._n l._n 3._o c._n 1._o &_o coke_n l._n 4._o f._n 21._o consuetudo_fw-la est_fw-la altera_fw-la lex_fw-la a_o custom_n approve_v by_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o user_n obtain_v the_o force_n of_o a_o law_n and_o be_v another_o law_n r._n arist_n 1._o r._n for_o those_o thing_n be_v do_v by_o custom_n as_o the_o philosopher_n say_v which_o therefore_o we_o do_v because_o we_o have_v often_o do_v they_o and_o when_o a_o reasonable_a act_n once_o do_v be_v find_v to_o be_v beneficial_a and_o agreeable_a to_o the_o people_n than_o do_v they_o use_v and_o practice_v it_o often_o and_o so_o by_o the_o reiteration_n and_o multiplication_n of_o the_o same_o become_v a_o custom_n and_o so_o be_v without_o interruption_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n practise_v for_o the_o quiet_a &_o by_o the_o approbation_n of_o the_o people_n obtain_v the_o vigour_n of_o a_o law_n for_o as_o bo._n princep_v legum_fw-la 1._o sod_a de_fw-fr repub_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n 1._o pulus_fw-la morum_fw-la magister_fw-la the_o prince_n be_v the_o master_n &_o founder_v of_o law_n &_o ordinance_n and_o the_o people_n of_o manner_n and_o custom_n 2._o just_a l._n 1._o tit_n 2._o which_o accord_v with_o the_o description_n of_o justian_n quod_fw-la cuique_fw-la populus_fw-la sibi_fw-la jus_o constituit_fw-la id_fw-la ipsius_fw-la proprium_fw-la civitatis_fw-la est_fw-la what_o every_o people_n ordain_v to_o be_v a_o law_n to_o themselves_o that_o be_v a_o proper_a and_o municipal_a law_n of_o the_o city_n la._n cicer._n in_o la._n maxima_fw-la est_fw-la vis_fw-la consuetudinis_fw-la say_v the_o eminent_a legist_n of_o rome_n the_o force_n of_o custom_n be_v very_o great_a in_o so_o much_o that_o as_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n consuetudo_fw-la est_fw-la altera_fw-la natura_fw-la so_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n consuetudo_fw-la est_fw-la altera_fw-la lex_fw-la for_o as_o coke_n l._n 5._o epist_n ad_fw-la lectorem_fw-la of_o his_o own_o knowledge_n profess_v that_o at_o this_o time_n all_o kingdom_n and_o common_a wealth_n be_v govern_v by_o law_n and_o that_o every_o nation_n have_v his_o peculiar_a and_o approve_a custom_n which_o be_v the_o most_o usual_a bind_n and_o firm_a law_n so_o as_o it_o be_v say_v per_fw-la varios_fw-la casus_fw-la artem_fw-la experientia_fw-la fecit_fw-la it_o may_v be_v say_v per_fw-la varios_fw-la usus_fw-la legem_fw-la experientia_fw-la fecit_fw-la co._n come_v f._n 97._o b._n there_o be_v particular_a custom_n and_o general_a custom_n particular_a custom_n be_v such_o as_o be_v use_v in_o some_o certain_a county_n city_n town_n or_o lordship_n and_o general_a custom_n be_v such_o as_o be_v use_v throughout_o all_o england_n which_o be_v the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n preface_n in_o his_o preface_n for_o as_o davis_n the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o common_a custom_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o coke_n the_o common_a law_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o common_a opinion_n general_o receive_v and_o finch_n the_o common_a law_n be_v a_o law_n use_v by_o prescription_n throughout_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n finch_n nomot_n f._n 75._o &_o ployd_v f._n 95._o a._n the_o common_a law_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o common_a use_n and_o the_o mirror_n of_o justice_n c._n 1._o l._n 9_o the_o law_n be_v ancient_a use_n warrant_v by_o scripture_n and_o be_v call_v the_o common_a law_n pref_o dau._n pref_o because_o give_v to_o all_o in_o general_a and_o to_o conclude_v this_o point_n with_o this_o definition_n which_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o include_v all_o custom_n be_v a_o reasonable_a act_n iterate_v multiply_v and_o continue_v by_o the_o people_n 3._o l._n 1._o r._n c._n 3._o de_fw-fr temps_fw-fr dont_fw-fr memoire_fw-fr ne_fw-fr court_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n aristotle_n say_v injustum_fw-la est_fw-la apud_fw-la omnes_fw-la praeter_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la patrias_fw-la quicquam_fw-la agere_fw-la all_o nation_n hold_v it_o unjust_a to_o do_v any_o thing_n against_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n which_o be_v a_o principle_n in_o our_o law_n that_o custom_n be_v another_o law_n frag._n ennig_n frag._n and_o that_o we_o may_v say_v with_o the_o ancient_a roman_a poet_n as_o he_o sing_v of_o the_o roman_n moribus_fw-la antiquis_fw-la stat_fw-la resque_fw-la britanna_n virisque_fw-la the_o state_n of_o england_n stand_v on_o the_o ancient_a law_n and_o though_o it_o be_v jus_o non_fw-la scriptum_fw-la and_o only_o write_v in_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n yet_o as_o sir_n john_n davis_n it_o do_v far_o excel_v our_o write_a law_n namely_o our_o statute_n or_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v manifest_a in_o this_o that_o when_o our_o parliament_n have_v alter_v preface_n in_o his_o preface_n and_o change_v any_o fundamental_a point_n of_o the_o common_a law_n those_o alteration_n have_v be_v find_v to_o be_v so_o inconvenient_a for_o the_o commonwealth_n as_o that_o the_o common_a law_n have_v be_v in_o effect_n restore_v again_o in_o some_o point_n by_o other_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o succeed_a age_n as_o it_o be_v a_o fundamental_a principle_n of_o the_o common_a law_n quod_fw-la haereditarium_fw-la jus_o omne_fw-la per_fw-la feodum_fw-la simplex_fw-la transit_fw-la that_o all_o estate_n of_o inheritance_n be_v fee-simple_n which_o the_o statute_n of_o 13._o ed._n 1._o de_fw-la donis_fw-la conditionalibus_fw-la intend_v to_o limit_n and_o to_o give_v every_o man_n power_n to_o create_v a_o new_a estate_n in_o tail_n and_o establish_v a_o perpetuity_n of_o his_o land_n so_o as_o the_o same_o shall_v not_o be_v alien_v or_o let_v but_o during_o the_o life_n of_o tenant_n in_o tail_n whereupon_o these_o inconvenience_n ensue_v purchase_v defeat_v lease_n evict_v and_o other_o estate_n and_o grant_n make_v upon_o good_a consideration_n avoid_v creditor_n defraud_v of_o their_o just_a debt_n and_o offender_n enbolden_v to_o commit_v capital_a offence_n etc._n etc._n who_o therefore_o be_v first_o bar_v by_o common_a recovery_n and_o then_o dock_v by_o fine_n 15._o e._n 3._o 14._o by_o herb._n &_o coke_n l._n 4._o ep._n ad_fw-la lectorem_fw-la so_o the_o statute_n of_o non-claime_a of_o 34._o e._n 3._o be_v against_o a_o main_a point_n of_o the_o common_a law_n whereby_o ensue_v the_o universal_a trouble_n of_o the_o king_n subject_n and_o therefore_o be_v it_o alter_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o h._n 7._o c._n 24._o coke_n ibidem_fw-la 32._o so_o by_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o law_n land_n be_v not_o devisable_v before_o the_o statute_n of_o 32_o &_o 34._o h._n 8._o concern_v which_o daily_a experience_n teach_v we_o that_o many_o subtle_a and_o intricate_a question_n arise_v concern_v the_o construction_n of_o will_n to_o the_o ruin_n of_o many_o and_o hindrance_n of_o multitude_n coke_n ibi_fw-la and_o it_o be_v a_o politic_a axiom_n that_o the_o alteration_n of_o any_o fundamental_a point_n of_o the_o common_a law_n which_o be_v ratify_v by_o use_n and_o experience_n be_v most_o dangerous_a and_o therefore_o we_o ought_v to_o vote_n and_o resolve_v with_o all_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n in_o parliament_n hold_v in_o the_o twenty_o year_n of_o h._n 3._o against_o the_o bishop_n who_o will_v have_v introduce_v the_o civil_a law_n nolumus_fw-la leges_fw-la angliae_fw-la mutare_fw-la we_o will_v not_o change_v the_o law_n of_o england_n to_o which_o purpose_n i_o add_v the_o asseveration_n of_o cicero_n ante_fw-la nostram_fw-la memoriam_fw-la terterum_fw-la morem_fw-la repub_fw-la frey_n cil._n de_fw-fr repub_fw-la ac_fw-la majorum_fw-la instituta_fw-la retinebant_fw-la excellentes_fw-la viri_fw-la before_o our_o memory_n excellent_a man_n do_v retain_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o ancient_a and_o the_o institute_n of_o their_o elder_n optimus_fw-la legum_fw-la interpres_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la co._n l._n 2._o f._n 81._o a._n the_o best_a expounder_n of_o the_o law_n be_v custom_n if_o land_n hold_v by_o grand_a serjanty_n be_v alien_v without_o licence_n it_o be_v forfeit_v by_o the_o common_a law_n because_o the_o service_n of_o the_o body_n can_v be_v transfer_v to_o another_o 14_o e._n 3._o
proferentem_fw-la accipienda_fw-la sunt_fw-la bacon_n eliz._n f._n 11._o as_o if_o i_o demise_n omnes_fw-la boscos_fw-la meos_fw-la in_o villa_n de_fw-fr dale_n for_o year_n this_o pass_v the_o soil_n 14._o h._n 8.28_o h._n 8._o dyer_n 17._o and_o if_o i_o sow_v my_o land_n with_o corn_n and_o let_v it_o for_o for_o year_n the_o corn_n pass_v to_o my_o lessee_n and_o if_o i_o grant_v ten_o pound_n rend_v to_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr and_o if_o the_o baron_n die_v the_o feme_fw-fr shall_v have_v three_o pound_n rend_v because_o these_o word_n rest_v ambiguous_a whether_o i_o intend_v three_o pound_n by_o way_n of_o addition_n or_o three_o pound_n by_o way_n of_o deduction_n out_o of_o the_o rent_n of_o ten_o pound_n it_o shall_v be_v take_v strong_a against_o i_o that_o it_o be_v three_o pound_n addition_n to_o the_o ten_o pound_n of_o which_o more_o hereafter_o so_o coke_n fol._n 303._o b._n ambiguum_fw-la placitum_fw-la interpretari_fw-la debet_fw-la contra_fw-la proferentem_fw-la a_o ambiguous_a plea_n shall_v be_v take_v strong_a against_o the_o pleader_n for_o every_o one_o be_v presume_v to_o make_v the_o best_a of_o his_o own_o case_n and_o coke_n l._n 10._o f._n 50._o ambigua_fw-la responfio_fw-la contra_fw-la proferentem_fw-la est_fw-la accipienda_fw-la the_o bishop_n of_o sarum_n case_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la in_o obscuris_fw-la secundum_fw-la magis_fw-la similius_fw-la est_fw-la judicandum_fw-la vel_fw-la quod_fw-la plerumque_fw-la inspici_fw-la solet_fw-la regula_n i._o c._n and_o coke_n l._n 4.13_o &_o 14._o sensus_fw-la verborum_fw-la ex_fw-la causa_fw-la dicendi_fw-la accipiendus_fw-la est_fw-la &_o sermon_n semper_fw-la accipiendi_fw-la secundum_fw-la subjectam_fw-la materiam_fw-la in_o obscure_a and_o dark_a say_n we_o be_v to_o judge_v according_a to_o that_o which_o be_v most_o likely_a and_o which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v and_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n be_v to_o be_v collect_v from_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o speech_n and_o to_o be_v take_v according_a to_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o matter_n which_o rule_n seem_v to_o qualify_v and_o moderate_v the_o other_o two_o vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la s._n cromwell_n case_n as_o first_o in_o word_n the_o plaintiff_n bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n for_o call_v of_o he_o murderer_n to_o which_o the_o defendant_n say_v that_o as_o he_o be_v speak_v with_o the_o plaintiff_n concern_v unlawful_a hunt_v the_o plaintiff_n confess_v that_o he_o have_v kill_v diverse_a hare_n with_o engine_n to_o which_o the_o defendant_n answer_v that_o he_o be_v a_o murderer_n innuendo_fw-la a_o murderer_n of_o hare_n and_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o justification_n be_v good_a for_o upon_o a_o action_n of_o slander_n the_o likely_a sense_n of_o word_n be_v to_o be_v take_v and_o collect_v out_o of_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o speech_n coke_n ibidem_fw-la and_o so_o in_o deed_n as_o if_o i_o have_v a_o free_a warren_n in_o my_o land_n and_o let_v my_o land_n for_o life_n not_o mention_v the_o warren_n yet_o the_o lessee_n by_o implication_n shall_v have_v the_o warren_n 32._o h._n 6._o which_o be_v the_o more_o likely_a meaning_n for_o otherwise_o the_o lessor_n will_v have_v except_v the_o warren_n vnivocum_fw-la denote_v word_n of_o a_o certain_a and_o distinct_a signification_n and_o express_v the_o thing_n clear_o without_o any_o obscurity_n or_o ambiguity_n of_o which_o the_o law_n take_v especial_a notice_n for_o that_o certainty_n in_o all_o contract_n and_o conveyance_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o quiet_a and_o setlement_n of_o estate_n but_o incertainty_n be_v the_o author_n of_o variance_n and_o dissension_n from_o whence_o we_o have_v these_o notable_a ground_n and_o maxim_n miserable_fw-la est_fw-la servitus_fw-la ubi_fw-la jus_o est_fw-la vagum_fw-la coke_n l._n 5._o f._n 42._o a._n god_n forbid_v that_o the_o inheritance_n of_o man_n shall_v depend_v upon_o incertaine_v and_o it_o be_v a_o miserable_a servitude_n where_o the_o law_n be_v waver_v and_o therefore_o ployd_v f._n 28._o a._n in_o every_o commonwealth_n it_o be_v necessary_a and_o requisite_a that_o thing_n shall_v be_v certain_o convey_v for_o certainty_n engender_v repose_v and_o incertainty_n contention_n the_o occasion_n of_o which_o contention_n our_o law_n foresee_v have_v prevent_v and_o therefore_o ordain_v that_o certain_a ceremony_n shall_v be_v use_v in_o the_o transmutation_n of_o thing_n from_o one_o man_n to_o another_o and_o namely_o of_o frank-tenement_n which_o be_v of_o great_a estimation_n in_o our_o law_n to_o know_v the_o certain_a time_n when_o thing_n do_v pass_v and_o therefore_o in_o every_o feoffment_n the_o law_n ordein_v that_o livery_n and_o seisin_n shall_v be_v make_v and_o in_o every_o grant_n of_o a_o reversion_n or_o rent_n that_o attornement_n shall_v be_v make_v which_o be_v point_n certain_a contain_v time_n wherefore_o it_o be_v well_o observe_v by_o sir_n edward_n coke_n in_o his_o preface_n to_o the_o second_o part_n of_o his_o report_n that_o in_o all_o his_o time_n there_o have_v not_o be_v move_v in_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n of_o england_n two_o question_n touch_v the_o right_n of_o descent_n escheat_n or_o the_o like_a fundamental_a point_n of_o the_o common-law_n so_o certain_a sure_a and_o without_o question_n be_v the_o principle_n and_o ground_n thereof_o that_o as_o sir_n john_n davis_n in_o his_o preface_n there_o be_v no_o art_n nor_o science_n which_o stand_v upon_o discourse_n and_o reason_n which_o have_v her_o rule_n and_o maxim_n so_o certain_a and_o infallible_a and_o so_o little_a subject_n to_o diverse_a interpretation_n as_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n whence_o sir_n edw._n coke_n be_v bold_a to_o pronounce_v that_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n be_v not_o incertain_a in_o the_o abstract_n but_o in_o the_o concrete_a and_o that_o the_o incertainty_n thereof_o be_v hominis_fw-la vitium_fw-la non_fw-la professionis_fw-la the_o imperfection_n of_o man_n and_o not_o of_o the_o profession_n and_o lib._n 6._o f._n 43._o a._n in_o particular_a blame_v he_o the_o subtle_a invention_n imagination_n of_o man_n in_o the_o practice_n of_o use_n which_o have_v introduce_v many_o mischief_n &_o inconvenience_n contrary_a to_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n which_o have_v certain_a rule_n to_o direct_v the_o estate_n and_o inheritance_n of_o man_n and_o therefore_o be_v it_o without_o comparison_n better_a to_o have_v estate_n and_o inheritance_n direct_v by_o the_o certain_a rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n which_o harh_n be_v the_o ancient_a true_a and_o faithful_a servant_n to_o this_o commonwealth_n then_o by_o incertain_a imagination_n and_o conjecture_n of_o any_o of_o those_o new_a inventor_n of_o use_n without_o any_o approve_a ground_n of_o law_n or_o reason_n coke_n l._n 6._o f._n 43._o a._n and_o therefore_o in_o all_o case_n law_n and_o equity_n will_v that_o incertainty_n be_v avoid_v as_o the_o author_n of_o contention_n and_o that_o there_o be_v a_o end_n of_o all_o controversy_n according_a to_o equity_n and_o right_n which_o be_v the_o final_a intention_n of_o all_o law_n coke_n l._n 8._o 53._o and_o coke_n l._n 1._o f._n 85._o a._n the_o judge_n ought_v to_o know_v the_o intention_n of_o the_o party_n by_o certain_a and_o sensible_a word_n which_o be_v agreeable_a and_o consonant_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o law_n as_o if_o land_n be_v give_v by_o deed_n to_o two_o to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v to_o they_o and_o haeredibus_fw-la it_o be_v void_a for_o the_o insensibility_n and_o incertainty_n and_o though_o it_o have_v a_o clause_n of_o warranty_n to_o they_o and_o their_o heir_n that_o shall_v not_o make_v the_o first_o word_n which_o be_v incertain_a and_o insensible_a to_o be_v of_o force_n and_o effect_n in_o law_n although_o his_o intent_n appear_v but_o his_o intent_n ought_v to_o be_v declare_v by_o word_n certain_a and_o consonant_a to_o law_n so_o coke_n comment_n f._n 20._o b._n if_o a_o man_n let_v land_n to_o a._n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o b._n in_o tail_n the_o remainder_n to_o c._n in_o forma_fw-la praedicta_fw-la the_o remainder_n be_v void_a for_o the_o incertainty_n and_o therefore_o ployd_v f._n 272._o a._n give_v this_o ground_n that_o every_o contract_n sufficient_a to_o make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n aught_o to_o have_v certainty_n in_o three_o limitation_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o term_n in_o the_o continuance_n and_o in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o same_o all_o which_o ought_v to_o be_v know_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o lease_n and_o the_o lease_n that_o want_v they_o mr._n brown_n say_v be_v but_o bibble_n babble_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la fuller_n case_n and_o coke_n l._n 6._o f._n 35._o the_o bishop_n of_o bath_n case_n ployd_v f._n 14._o a._n if_o i_o give_v all_o my_o money_n in_o my_o purse_n to_o i._o s._n he_o can_v have_v a_o action_n for_o it_o unless_o he_o allege_v the_o certainty_n of_o it_o so_o as_o without_o certainty_n the_o action_n be_v not_o maintainable_a according_a to_o
court_n of_o record_n for_o albeit_o the_o grantee_n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o annuity_n he_o may_v distrain_v and_o discharge_v the_o person_n but_o if_o he_o bring_v a_o writ_n of_o annuity_n and_o thereupon_o appear_v and_o court_n this_o be_v a_o determination_n of_o his_o election_n in_o court_n of_o record_n albeit_o he_o never_o proceed_v any_o further_o as_o if_o the_o wife_n be_v endow_v ex_fw-la assensu_fw-la patris_fw-la if_o she_o after_o her_o husband_n death_n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o dower_n at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o count_n albeit_o she_o recover_v not_o she_o shall_v never_o claim_v her_o dower_n ex_fw-la assensu_fw-la patris_fw-la because_o she_o have_v determine_v her_o election_n so_o if_o the_o grantee_n bring_v a_o assize_n for_o rent_n and_o make_v his_o plaint_n he_o shall_v never_o after_o bring_v a_o writ_n of_o annuity_n and_o if_o he_o distrain_v and_o avow_v the_o prisall_n of_o the_o distress_n in_o a_o court_n of_o record_n it_o be_v a_o determination_n of_o his_o election_n before_o any_o judgement_n give_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n electio_fw-la semel_fw-la facta_fw-la &_o placitum_fw-la testatum_fw-la non_fw-la patiter_fw-la regressum_fw-la co._n com._n 220._o a._n but_o otherwise_o it_o be_v where_o a_o man_n have_v election_n to_o have_v several_a remedy_n for_o a_o thing_n be_v mere_o personal_a or_o mere_o real_a from_o the_o beginning_n as_o if_o a_o man_n may_v have_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n or_o a_o action_n of_o account_n at_o his_o pleasure_n and_o appear_v to_o it_o and_o after_o be_v nonsuit_n yet_o may_v he_o have_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n afterward_o because_o both_o action_n charge_v the_o person_n the_o like_a law_n be_v a_o assize_n and_o a_o writ_n of_o entry_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o assize_n ibidem_fw-la w._n bring_v a_o action_n of_o the_o case_n against_o f._n and_o declare_v that_o the_o defendant_n have_v sue_v out_o a_o fieri_fw-la facias_fw-la upon_o a_o judgement_n give_v against_o he_o for_o the_o defendant_n and_o by_o virtue_n thereof_o take_v good_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o damage_n and_o so_o make_v his_o return_n pro_fw-la defâ—ctu_fw-la emptoris_fw-la and_o that_o the_o defendant_n well_o know_v this_o to_o the_o intent_n to_o trouble_v vex_v and_o charge_v he_o do_v afterward_o sue_v out_o another_o fieri_fw-la facias_fw-la to_o the_o same_o sheriff_n and_o deliver_v it_o to_o be_v exexecuted_a who_o do_v thereupon_o levy_v the_o money_n of_o other_o good_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o pay_v it_o over_o to_o the_o defendant_n whereby_o the_o now_o plaintiff_n be_v double_o charge_v whereupon_o the_o defendant_n plead_v not_o guilty_a and_o it_o be_v find_v against_o he_o and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n because_o he_o be_v twice_o vex_v and_o disturb_v and_o that_o wilful_o by_o the_o defendant_n who_o have_v first_o one_o execution_n inchoate_n which_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v follow_v we_o all_o know_v it_o and_o not_o to_o have_v take_v another_o but_o if_o he_o have_v be_v ignorant_a and_o have_v not_o know_v of_o the_o good_n first_o take_v he_o have_v not_o be_v liable_a to_o the_o other_o action_n hob._n 37.3_o waterer_n case_n euilibet_fw-la in_o sva_fw-la arte_fw-la perito_fw-la est_fw-la credendum_fw-la &_o omnes_fw-la prudentes_fw-la eos_fw-la admittere_fw-la solent_fw-la qui_fw-la probantur_fw-la ab_fw-la iis_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o sva_fw-la arte_fw-la bene_fw-la versati_fw-la sunt_fw-la arist_n 1._o topic._n c._n 6._o co._n l._n 7._o f._n 19_o a._n the_o reason_n of_o the_o wise_a man_n which_o profess_v not_o the_o law_n of_o england_n in_o case_n which_o concern_v the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v not_o to_o be_v believe_v but_o the_o legal_a and_o profound_a reason_n of_o such_o who_o by_o diligence_n study_n and_o long_a experience_n and_o observation_n be_v so_o learn_v in_o the_o law_n of_o this_o realm_n as_o out_o of_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o same_o they_o can_v rule_v the_o case_n in_o question_n in_o this_o sense_n this_o rule_n be_v to_o be_v take_v that_o we_o be_v to_o believe_v every_o one_o in_o his_o art_n and_o all_o wise_a man_n be_v wont_a to_o admit_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v approve_v by_o they_o be_v well_o verse_v in_o their_o own_o art_n coke_n l._n 4._o f._n 29._o a._n agnes_n be_v contract_v to_o bunting_n and_o after_o marry_v twede_n bunting_n libell_v against_o agnes_n in_o the_o court_n of_o audience_n upon_o the_o say_a contract_n and_o upon_o the_o proceed_n of_o which_o libel_n it_o be_v decree_v that_o the_o say_v agnes_n shall_v undergo_v marriage_n with_o the_o say_v bunting_n and_o thereupon_o it_o be_v pronounce_v decree_v and_o declare_v the_o say_a marriage_n with_o twede_n to_o be_v null_a and_o though_o that_o twede_o be_v de_fw-la facto_fw-la husband_n of_o the_o say_v agnes_n be_v neither_o party_n to_o the_o say_a suit_n nor_o to_o the_o sentence_n in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n which_o dissolve_v the_o marriage_n between_o he_o and_o the_o say_v agnes_n but_o rhe_n say_v agnes_n only_o yet_o the_o sentence_n against_o the_o feme_fw-fr only_a being_n only_o declaratory_a be_v good_a and_o shall_v bind_v the_o baron_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la and_o in_o regard_n that_o the_o cognisance_n of_o marriage_n appertain_v to_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n and_o the_o same_o court_n have_v give_v sentence_n in_o this_o case_n the_o judge_n of_o our_o law_n ought_v to_o give_v faith_n and_o credit_n to_o their_o proceed_n and_o sentence_n although_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o reason_n of_o our_o law_n and_o to_o think_v that_o their_o proceed_n be_v consonant_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o holy_a church_n for_o we_o be_v to_o believe_v every_o one_o be_v skilful_a in_o his_o art_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la coke_n l._n 5._o f._n 7._o in_o caudry_n case_n quod_fw-la cuique_fw-la norit_fw-la in_fw-la hoc_fw-la se_fw-la exerceat_fw-la co._n l._n 9_o f._n 13._o a._n let_v every_o one_o exercise_v himself_o in_o that_o which_o he_o have_v knowledge_n and_o skill_n it_o be_v the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o law_n to_o refer_v thing_n to_o person_n in_o which_o they_o have_v knowledge_n and_o shall_v be_v expert_a and_o therefore_o the_o law_n will_v not_o constrain_v the_o juror_n which_o have_v no_o knowledge_n in_o the_o law_n to_o take_v upon_o they_o cognisance_n of_o the_o point_n in_o law_n or_o in_o case_n which_o concern_v life_n member_n or_o inheritance_n frank_n tenement_n good_n and_o chattel_n but_o to_o leave_v they_o to_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o judge_n nor_o the_o judge_n to_o give_v their_o opinion_n of_o question_n and_o doubt_n in_o law_n upon_o a_o sudden_a but_o in_o all_o case_n to_o have_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o case_n and_o upon_o conference_n and_o consideration_n to_o adjudge_v according_a to_o the_o law_n coke_n l._n 8._o f._n 130._o a._n the_o intent_n of_o the_o act_n of_o 5_o eliz._n c._n 4._o be_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v take_v upon_o he_o any_o art_n mystery_n or_o any_o occupation_n but_o such_o in_o who_o be_v science_n and_o knowledge_n and_o therefore_o the_o statute_n intend_v that_o he_o that_o use_v any_o art_n mystery_n or_o any_o occupation_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o act_n may_v use_v the_o same_o art_n or_o mystery_n for_o every_o one_o be_v to_o exercise_v himself_o in_o that_o art_n which_o he_o know_v and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o brewer_n shall_v have_v science_n and_o skill_n in_o brew_v good_a and_o wholesome_a beer_n for_o it_o great_o conduce_v to_o the_o health_n of_o man_n ployd_v f._n 128._o b._n always_o our_o predeceossor_n for_o the_o sense_n of_o latin_a word_n have_v consult_v with_o the_o grammarian_n and_o other_o who_o have_v knowledge_n therein_o and_o that_o sense_n which_o the_o grammar_n warrant_v they_o have_v allow_v as_o 9_o h._n 7._o 14._o one_o be_v bind_v in_o a_o obligation_n upon_o the_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v pay_v five_o pound_n in_o fine_a gold_n and_o the_o obligation_n be_v puri_fw-la auri_fw-la and_o there_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o master_n of_o grammar_n be_v send_v for_o to_o give_v their_o counsel_n what_o be_v latin_n for_o fine_a gold_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la coke_n l._n 11._o f._n 10._o b._n matter_n in_o law_n shall_v be_v put_v in_o issue_n to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o country_n for_o sicut_fw-la ad_fw-la quaestionem_fw-la facti_fw-la non_fw-la respondent_fw-la judices_fw-la ita_fw-la ad_fw-la quaestionâ—m_fw-la juris_fw-la non_fw-la respondent_fw-la juratores_fw-la as_o the_o judge_n do_v not_o answer_v to_o the_o question_n of_o fact_n no_o more_o do_v the_o juror_n answer_v to_o the_o question_n in_o law_n and_o if_o the_o juror_n take_v upon_o they_o the_o cognisance_n of_o the_o law_n and_o find_v the_o special_a matter_n mistake_v the_o law_n the_o judge_n of_o the_o law_n shall_v give_v judgement_n upon_o the_o special_a matter_n according_a to_o
grant_v a_o lease_n for_o life_n or_o year_n he_o have_v the_o reversion_n in_o he_o which_o he_o may_v lawful_o grant_v but_o the_o law_n require_v in_o this_o case_n that_o he_o be_v not_o deceive_v in_o his_o estate_n and_o to_o grant_v the_o possession_n of_o the_o land_n whereas_o he_o have_v but_o a_o reversion_n and_o therefore_o when_o he_o grant_v the_o land_n notwithstanding_o that_o it_o be_v in_o lease_n for_o life_n or_o for_o year_n of_o record_n or_o otherwise_o the_o grant_n be_v good_a when_o the_o word_n of_o a_o grant_n be_v not_o sufficient_a ex_fw-la vi_fw-la termini_fw-la to_o pass_v the_o thing_n grant_v but_o the_o grant_n be_v utter_o void_a there_o any_o non_fw-la obstante_fw-la can_v make_v the_o grant_v good_a vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la davis_n f._n 75._o in_o the_o case_n of_o commendam_n by_o our_o law_n what_o be_v wrong_a and_o malum_fw-la insert_v and_o against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n can_v be_v dispense_v with_o and_o therefore_o 11_o h._n 7._o 12._o a._n it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o king_n can_v dispense_v with_o any_o that_o do_v nuisance_n in_o the_o highway_n and_o if_o he_o do_v it_o that_o such_o a_o dispensation_n be_v void_a &_o 8_o h._n 6._o 19_o the_o king_n can_v grant_v that_o if_o a_o man_n do_v a_o trespass_n to_o i_o that_o i_o shall_v not_o have_v a_o action_n against_o he_o or_o that_o a_o man_n shall_v be_v his_o own_o judge_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v often_o say_v in_o our_o book_n that_o the_o prerogative_n of_o the_o king_n shall_v do_v no_o wrong_n to_o the_o subject_a 13_o e._n 3._o 8_o so_o though_o the_o king_n may_v dispense_v with_o a_o statute_n which_o prohibit_v a_o indifferent_a thing_n to_o be_v do_v yet_o he_o can_v change_v the_o common_a law_n by_o his_o patent_n 37_o h._n 8._o patent_n 110._o and_o as_o to_o the_o pope_n it_o be_v often_o say_v in_o the_o bishop_n of_o st._n davis_n case_n that_o the_o bull_n of_o the_o pope_n can_v change_v the_o law_n of_o england_n notwithstanding_o the_o word_n non_fw-fr obstante_fw-la be_v first_o invent_v and_o first_o use_v in_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n which_o as_o sir_n john_n davis_n observe_v f._n 69._o b._n be_v a_o mischievous_a precedent_n to_o all_o the_o common_a weal_n of_o christendom_n for_o the_o temporal_a prince_n perceive_v that_o the_o pope_n dispense_v with_o his_o canon_n in_o imitation_n of_o he_o have_v use_v their_o prerogative_n to_o dispense_v with_o their_o penal_a law_n and_o statute_n and_o whereas_o before_o their_o law_n be_v religious_o observe_v as_o the_o law_n of_o the_o mede_n and_o persian_n davis_n f._n 77._o the_o law_n which_o ordain_v that_o the_o first_o benefice_n shall_v be_v void_a by_o the_o acceptance_n of_o the_o second_o may_v be_v dispense_v with_o and_o so_o be_v it_o of_o the_o law_n that_o ordain_v that_o when_o a_o man_n be_v make_v a_o bishop_n that_o his_o other_o benefice_n shall_v be_v void_a as_o thrine_n say_v 11._o h._n 4._o 213._o b._n for_o those_o law_n be_v make_v by_o ecclesiastical_a policy_n and_o therefore_o the_o same_o policy_n may_v dispense_v with_o those_o law_n permissio_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la officium_fw-la legis_fw-la quia_fw-la lex_fw-la ad_fw-la fert_fw-la necessitatem_fw-la reg._n i._o c._n permission_n be_v not_o the_o office_n of_o the_o law_n for_o the_o law_n bring_v necessity_n as_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o w._n 2._o land_n be_v permit_v to_o be_v entail_v and_o usury_n also_o by_o many_o statute_n yet_o can_v they_o not_o proper_o be_v term_v law_n and_o statute_n confessus_fw-la in_o judicio_fw-la pro_fw-la judicato_fw-la habetur_fw-la &_o quodam_fw-la modo_fw-la sva_fw-la sententia_fw-la damnatur_fw-la coke_n l._n 11._o f._n 30._o he_o who_o confess_v in_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n be_v hold_v adjudge_v and_o in_o a_o certain_a manner_n be_v condemn_v by_o his_o own_o mouth_n or_o sentence_n and_o therefore_o the_o attainder_n in_o confession_n be_v the_o strong_a attainder_n may_v be_v for_o the_o vehement_a presumption_n it_o have_v of_o truth_n for_o it_o shall_v be_v absurd_a to_o say_v that_o he_o have_v not_o do_v such_o a_o felony_n since_o the_o party_n himself_o have_v confess_v it_o to_o the_o destruction_n of_o he_o and_o all_o his_o offspring_n and_o the_o case_n of_o confession_n be_v a_o strong_a case_n than_o guiltiness_n by_o verdict_n for_o though_o he_o be_v find_v guilty_a by_o verdict_n yet_o may_v he_o be_v innocent_a and_o therefore_o at_o the_o common_a law_n he_o may_v have_v his_o clergy_n and_o make_v his_o purgation_n but_o if_o he_o have_v confess_v the_o offence_n upon_o record_n he_o shall_v not_o have_v his_o clergy_n at_o the_o common_a law_n because_o he_o can_v not_o make_v his_o purgation_n when_o the_o court_n find_v his_o confession_n on_o record_n for_o in_o the_o intendment_n of_o the_o law_n he_o can_v contrary_v his_o express_n and_o voluntary_a confession_n in_o court_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la in_o praesentia_fw-la majoris_fw-la cessat_fw-la potentia_fw-la minoris_fw-la manhood_n in_o ployd_a f._n 498._o a._n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o great_a power_n the_o lesser_a power_n cease_v all_o the_o justice_n agree_v that_o the_o ordinary_a the_o patron_n and_o king_n aught_o to_o agree_v in_o make_v a_o impropriation_n and_o the_o ordinary_a be_v the_o principal_a aagent_n in_o it_o in_o that_o he_o have_v the_o spiritual_a jurisdiction_n and_o the_o act_n of_o appropriation_n be_v a_o thing_n spiritual_a and_o what_o the_o ordinary_a of_o the_o diasis_n may_v do_v that_o the_o pope_n use_v to_o do_v in_o the_o realm_n as_o supreme_a ordinary_n and_o be_v a_o long_a time_n suffer_v so_o to_o do_v and_o do_v use_v to_o make_v appropriation_n without_o the_o bishop_n which_o be_v take_v to_o be_v good_a and_o the_o bishop_n never_o contradict_v but_o accept_v they_o as_o good_a for_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o great_a the_o power_n of_o the_o lesser_a cease_v and_o in_o all_o ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n his_o authority_n be_v take_v as_o absolute_a and_o do_v bind_v the_o bishop_n as_o his_o inferior_a in_o all_o act_n now_o such_o authority_n and_o jurisdiction_n as_o the_o pope_n use_v within_o this_o realm_n be_v acknowledge_v by_o the_o parliament_n 25._o h._n 8_o and_o other_o statute_n to_o be_v in_o the_o king_n and_o that_o he_o may_v lawful_o do_v all_o that_o the_o pope_n be_v accustom_v and_o use_v to_o do_v within_o this_o realm_n and_o from_o he_o it_o descend_v to_o his_o son_n edward_n who_o as_o superame_v ordinary_a do_v make_v the_o appropriation_n of_o his_o own_o authority_n and_o jurisdiction_n without_o the_o bishop_n and_o do_v put_v these_o word_n in_o his_o charter_n authoritate_fw-la nostra_fw-la regius_fw-la &_o ecclesiastica_fw-la qua_fw-la fungimur_fw-la vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la vectigal_n ab_fw-la origine_fw-la ipsa_fw-la jus_o caesarum_fw-la est_fw-la &_o patrimoniale_a lex_fw-la imperatoria_fw-la custom_n from_o the_o beginning_n be_v the_o right_a and_o patrimony_n of_o caesar_n and_o emperor_n and_o be_v call_v vectigalia_fw-la a_o mercibus_fw-la evectis_fw-la &_o invectis_fw-la from_o merchandize_n export_v and_o import_v for_o custom_n be_v a_o prerogative_n and_o benefit_n to_o which_o king_n and_o prince_n be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n entitle_v and_o as_o the_o law_n nation_n be_v before_o king_n so_o king_n be_v make_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n ex_fw-la jure_fw-la gentium_fw-la originem_fw-la svam_fw-la traxerunt_fw-la baldus_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v make_v king_n present_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n do_v annex_v the_o prerogative_n of_o custom_n to_o their_o several_a crown_n so_o say_v baldus_n cum_fw-la creatus_fw-la fuerit_fw-la rex_fw-la omne_fw-la regalia_z ei_fw-la conceduntur_fw-la &_o competit_fw-la omnibus_fw-la regibus_fw-la jus_o imponendi_fw-la vectigalia_fw-la when_o a_o king_n be_v create_v all_o royal_a incident_n be_v grant_v to_o he_o and_o the_o right_n of_o impose_v custom_n appertain_v to_o all_o king_n wherein_o the_o rule_n of_o our_o law_n as_o davis_n observe_v f._n 12._o be_v agreeable_a with_o those_o of_o the_o imperial_a law_n for_o we_o also_o say_v that_o custom_n be_v the_o ancient_a inheritance_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o that_o inheret_fw-la sceptro_fw-la and_o be_v as_o ancient_a as_o the_o crown_n itself_o and_o be_v due_a by_o common_a right_n and_o by_o prescription_n and_o not_o by_o the_o grant_n and_o benevolence_n of_o merchant_n or_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n dier_n 165._o b._n and_o whereas_o by_o the_o imperial_a law_n primaria_fw-la vectigalium_fw-la causa_fw-la ac_fw-la ratio_fw-la fuit_fw-la ut_fw-la plana_fw-la tutaque_fw-la mercatori_fw-la praetereunti_fw-la itinera_fw-la praestarentur_fw-la plin._n l._n 19_o c._n 4._o the_o first_o cause_n and_o reason_n of_o custom_n be_v that_o plain_a and_o safe_a voyage_n shall_v be_v exhibit_v and_o assure_v to_o the_o merchant_n and_o in_o our_o
hold_v of_o the_o king_n and_o if_o it_o be_v the_o king_n shall_v have_v it_o for_o the_o wardship_n of_o he_o during_o the_o nonage_n and_o upon_o the_o same_o reason_n be_v this_o principal_a also_o found_v thesaurus_fw-la competit_fw-la domino_fw-la regi_fw-la &_o non_fw-la domino_fw-la libertatis_fw-la nisi_fw-la sit_fw-la per_fw-la verba_fw-la specialia_fw-la fitz._n coro_n 281._o 436._o it_o be_v a_o firm_a conclusion_n in_o the_o common_a law_n that_o treasure_n belong_v to_o the_o lord_n the_o king_n and_o not_o to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o liberty_n unless_o it_o be_v by_o special_a word_n adrianus_n caesar_n make_v a_o law_n that_o if_o any_o man_n find_v treasure_n in_o his_o own_o ground_n himself_o shall_v have_v it_o if_o in_o another_o man_n ground_n he_o shall_v give_v the_o half_a to_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o soil_n if_o in_o a_o public_a place_n he_o shall_v divide_v it_o equal_o with_o the_o treasury_n but_o now_o and_o long_a time_n ago_o the_o civil_a law_n have_v transfer_v it_o to_o the_o prince_n which_o be_v thus_o define_v by_o justinian_n vetus_fw-la depositio_fw-la pecuniae_fw-la vel_fw-la alterius_fw-la metalli_fw-la cujus_fw-la non_fw-la extat_fw-la modo_fw-la memoria_fw-la ut_fw-la dominum_fw-la non_fw-la habeat_fw-la a_o ancient_a deposition_n or_o hide_v of_o money_n or_o some_o other_o metal_n of_o which_o for_o the_o present_v no_o memory_n be_v extant_a that_o it_o may_v have_v a_o lord_n or_o owner_n wherein_o the_o common_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n accord_v with_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o hold_v that_o treasure_n hide_v in_o the_o earth_n not_o upon_o the_o earth_n nor_o in_o the_o sea_n and_o coin_n though_o not_o hide_v be_v find_v be_v the_o king_n which_o we_o call_v treasure_n trove_v stanf._n f._n 10._o 27_o ass_n pl._n 19_o 10._o eliz._n ployd_v 322._o and_o mr._n stanfords_n reason_n why_o such_o treasure_n shall_v belong_v to_o the_o king_n be_v un-answerable_a and_o it_o be_v this_o quia_fw-la dominus_fw-la rei_fw-la non_fw-la apparet_fw-la ideo_fw-la cujus_fw-la sit_fw-la incertum_fw-la est_fw-la because_o the_o lord_n and_o owner_n of_o the_o thing_n do_v not_o appear_v therefore_o who_o it_o be_v it_o be_v uncertain_a 22_o ass_n pl._n 19_o and_o it_o be_v a_o currant_n rule_v in_o all_o nation_n in_o ambiguis_fw-la casibus_fw-la semper_fw-la praesumitur_fw-la pro_fw-la rege_fw-la and_o in_o doubtful_a case_n it_o be_v always_o presume_v and_o take_v for_o the_o king_n many_o other_o benefit_n and_o prerogative_n there_o be_v which_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n give_v to_o the_o king_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o exceed_a charge_n and_o cost_n he_o be_v at_o in_o the_o defend_n and_o govern_v the_o commonwealth_n of_o which_o i_o may_v plain_o say_v as_o cicero_n say_v of_o the_o roman_n that_o all_o the_o revenue_n and_o treasure_n be_v scarce_o able_a to_o 5._o lip_n de_fw-fr mag._n rom._n l._n 1._o c._n 4_o 5._o maintain_v the_o army_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n and_o therefore_o have_v need_n of_o many_o prerogative_n and_o benefit_n it_o be_v tedious_a to_o touch_v they_o all_o and_o will_v only_o name_v some_o which_o i_o deem_v pertinent_a to_o the_o precedent_a principle_n as_o the_o mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n as_o well_o as_o the_o common_a law_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n for_o to_o who_o shall_v gold_n and_o silver_n appertain_v but_o to_o he_o that_o have_v authority_n to_o coin_v it_o as_o his_o own_o according_a to_o the_o answer_n of_o our_o saviour_n 20._o matth._n 22._o v._n 20._o date_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la caesaris_fw-la caesari_n and_o therefore_o moneta_fw-la dicitur_fw-la a_o monendo_fw-la quia_fw-la impressione_n nos_fw-la monit_fw-la cujus_fw-la est_fw-la moneta_n davis_n f._n 19_o and_o therefore_o the_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o case_n between_o the_o queen_n majesty_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o northumberland_n seem_v to_o be_v sound_a and_o ground_v upon_o invincible_a reason_n although_o the_o grant_n be_v omnium_n &_o singularum_fw-la minerarum_fw-la of_o all_o and_o singular_a mine_n for_o the_o diversity_n be_v there_o well_o take_v by_o wray_n that_o there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o mine_n mine_n royal_a and_o base_a mine_n and_o mine_n royal_a may_v be_v subdivide_v into_o two_o other_o kind_n those_o which_o contain_v in_o they_o silver_n or_o gold_n entire_o or_o which_o have_v brass_n or_o copper_n in_o they_o and_o have_v some_o vein_n of_o gold_n intermix_v both_o these_o belong_v to_o the_o prince_n for_o the_o gold_n as_o the_o more_o worthy_a draw_v to_o its_o self_n the_o less_o worthy_a but_o such_o as_o have_v in_o they_o mere_o brass_n copper_n or_o lead_v may_v belong_v unto_o a_o subject_a by_o a_o special_a title_n and_o that_o in_o such_o case_n the_o proprietor_n of_o the_o land_n and_o soil_n shall_v have_v the_o ore_n and_o i_o and_o not_o the_o king_n by_o his_o prerogative_n which_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n and_o they_o all_o also_o agree_v that_o a_o my_o royal_a be_v it_o of_o base_a metal_n or_o pure_a gold_n or_o silver_n may_v by_o grant_n of_o the_o king_n be_v sever_v from_o the_o crown_n and_o grant_v to_o any_o other_o for_o it_o be_v not_o a_o incident_a inseparable_a to_o the_o crown_n but_o the_o king_n may_v sever_v it_o by_o apt_a and_o precise_a word_n but_o not_o by_o the_o word_n of_o all_o and_o singular_a mine_n ployd_v f._n 333._o &_o 335._o vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la in_o the_o case_n of_o mine_n there_o be_v another_o special_a prerogative_n which_o the_o king_n have_v in_o the_o sea_n for_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o only_o under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n as_o it_o be_v say_v 6_o r._n 2._o fitz._n protection_n 46._o the_o sea_n be_v of_o the_o legiance_n of_o the_o king_n as_o of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n but_o be_v also_o his_o proper_a inheritance_n and_o therefore_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v the_o land_n gain_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n dyer_n 226._o also_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v the_o great_a possession_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o whale_n sturgeon_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v royal_a fish_n and_o no_o subject_n can_v have_v they_o without_o special_a grant_n of_o the_o king_n prerog_n regis_fw-la c._n 10._o stanf._n 37_o 38._o and_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v wild_a swan_n as_o volatilia_fw-la regalia_z upon_o thâ—_n sea_n and_o the_o brach_n of_o the_o sea_n coke_n l._n 7._o f._n 17._o in_o the_o case_n of_o swan_n so_o the_o wreck_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v a_o perquisit_a royal_a coke_n l._n 5._o 107._o sir_n henâ—y_a constable_n case_n and_o upon_o this_o reason_n before_o the_o statute_n of_o 18_o e._n 3._o no_o subject_n may_v pass_v beyond_o the_o sea_n without_o special_a licence_n of_o the_o king_n but_o there_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o the_o sea_n shall_v be_v open_a to_o all_o merchant_n and_o all_o havens_n and_o port_n quae_fw-la sunt_fw-la ostia_fw-la &_o janua_n regni_fw-la appertain_v to_o the_o king_n because_o he_o be_v custos_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la f.n.b._n 113._o a._n and_o the_o king_n ought_v by_o right_a to_o save_v and_o defend_v his_o subject_n against_o the_o sea_n as_o against_o his_o enemy_n and_o therefore_o the_o commission_n of_o sewer_n be_v award_v by_o the_o king_n by_o virtue_n of_o his_o prerogative_n royal_a before_o any_o statute_n make_v in_o such_o case_n extend_v not_o only_o to_o the_o wall_n and_o bank_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o also_o to_o all_o navigable_a river_n and_o fresh-water_n f._n n._n b._n 113._o a._n and_o in_o the_o statute_n of_o 25_o h._n 8._o c._n 10_o the_o king_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o prerogative_n royal_a aught_o to_o provide_v that_o navigable_a stream_n be_v make_v passable_a and_o the_o city_n of_o london_n by_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o king_n have_v the_o river_n of_o thames_n grant_v to_o they_o and_o purchase_v another_o charter_n by_o which_o the_o king_n grant_v to_o they_o solum_fw-la &_o fundum_fw-la of_o the_o say_a river_n by_o force_n of_o which_o grant_v the_o city_n receive_v the_o rent_n of_o they_o which_o fix_v post_n or_o make_v wharf_n or_o other_o edifice_n upon_o the_o soil_n of_o the_o say_a river_n so_o as_o the_o king_n have_v the_o same_o prerogative_n in_o the_o brach_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o navigable_a river_n and_o fresh-water_n so_o high_a as_o the_o sea_n flow_v and_o reflow_v in_o they_o as_o he_o have_v in_o alto_fw-mi mari_fw-fr and_o though_o the_o civillian_n say_v that_o flumina_fw-la &_o portas_fw-la publica_fw-la sunt_fw-la ideoque_fw-la jus_o piscandi_fw-la omnibus_fw-la common_a est_fw-la in_o portu_fw-la fluminibusque_fw-la that_o river_n and_o havens_n be_v public_a thing_n and_o therefore_o the_o right_n of_o fish_v be_v common_a to_o all_o in_o river_n and_o havens_n which_o rule_n be_v find_v in_o bracton_n l_o 2._o c._n 12._o yet_o by_o the_o
common_a law_n of_o england_n every_o navigable_a river_n so_o high_a as_o the_o sea_n flow_v and_o reflow_v in_o it_o be_v flumen_fw-la regale_n and_o the_o piscary_n of_o it_o be_v also_o royal_a piscary_n and_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n as_o his_o prerogative_n but_o in_o any_o other_o river_n not_o navigable_a in_o the_o piscary_n of_o such_o river_n the_o ter-tenant_n of_o either_o side_n of_o the_o water_n have_v a_o interest_n of_o common_a right_n and_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o king_n have_v interest_n in_o such_o navigable_a river_n so_o high_a as_o the_o sea_n flow_v and_o reflow_v in_o it_o be_v because_o such_o river_n participate_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o brach_n of_o the_o sea_n so_o far_o as_o it_o flow_v or_o reflow_v 12_o ass_n pl._n 93._o and_o though_o the_o king_n permit_v his_o people_n for_o their_o ease_n and_o commodity_n to_o have_v common_a passage_n yet_o he_o have_v the_o sole_a interest_n in_o the_o soil_n of_o such_o river_n as_o also_o in_o the_o piscary_n although_o the_o profit_n of_o it_o be_v not_o common_o take_v by_o the_o king_n and_o appropriate_v by_o the_o king_n unless_o it_o be_v of_o extraordinary_a and_o certain_a annual_a value_n so_o the_o king_n grant_v to_o strangewaies_o totam_fw-la illam_fw-la liberam_fw-la piscarim_n all_o that_o free_a priscary_n call_v the_o fleet_n in_o abboesbury_n which_o be_v a_o bay_n and_o creek_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o though_o the_o abbot_n have_v the_o piscary_n before_o the_o dissolution_n it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o the_o abbot_n at_o the_o beginning_n have_v it_o by_o grant_n of_o the_o king_n it_o be_v a_o several_a piscary_n upon_o the_o brach_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o therefore_o by_o consequent_a royal_a piscary_n vide_fw-la ployd_v 315._o b._n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o royal_a piscary_n of_o bann_n davis_n 57_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o river_n of_o bann_n so_o far_o as_o the_o sea_n do_v flow_v and_o reflow_v in_o it_o be_v a_o royal_a river_n and_o the_o fish_n of_o salmon_n there_o a_o royal_a piscary_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n as_o a_o several_a piscary_n and_o not_o to_o those_o which_o have_v the_o soil_n ex_fw-la utraque_fw-la parte_fw-la aquae_fw-la on_o either_o side_n of_o the_o water_n vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la tributum_fw-la est_fw-la victoriae_fw-la praemium_fw-la veer_fw-mi cicero_n in_o veer_fw-mi &_o poenabelli_fw-la tribute_n be_v the_o reward_n of_o victory_n and_o penalty_n of_o warr._n a_o conqueror_n may_v command_v tribute_n and_o all_o that_o come_v in_o under_o the_o conqueror_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o therefore_o the_o roman_a general_n say_v unto_o the_o french_a man_n 20.11_o tac._n l._n 4._o histro_fw-la deut._n 20.11_o jure_fw-la victoriae_fw-la tributum_fw-la vobis_fw-la addidimus_fw-la by_o the_o right_n of_o victory_n we_o have_v impose_v tribute_n upon_o you_o and_o tribute_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n be_v due_a by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n which_o clear_o appear_v by_o the_o answer_n of_o our_o saviour_n to_o the_o jew_n who_o because_o they_o will_v have_v christ_n to_o have_v challenge_v their_o earthly_a kingdom_n by_o that_o mean_n to_o draw_v he_o into_o hatred_n with_o caesar_n demand_v of_o he_o whether_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o give_v tribute_n to_o caesar_n but_o he_o that_o always_o profess_a that_o his_o kingdom_n be_v not_o of_o this_o world_n 22._o matt._n 22._o give_v they_o a_o bone_n to_o gnaw_v say_v give_v unto_o caesar_n all_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v caesar_n and_o to_o god_n the_o thing_n that_o be_v god_n for_o indeed_o tribute_n be_v allow_v by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n so_o william_n the_o conqueror_n after_o his_o universal_a conquest_n be_v the_o first_o that_o command_v and_o impose_v tribute_n in_o england_n and_o not_o unjust_o which_o as_o yet_o be_v continue_v as_o a_o remembrance_n of_o a_o conquest_n yet_o do_v the_o english_a seem_v rather_o to_o offer_v a_o tribute_n to_o their_o monarch_n than_o the_o monarch_n to_o command_v it_o for_o the_o courtesy_n of_o england_n be_v great_a and_o the_o clemency_n of_o their_o prince_n great_a and_o as_o fulbeck_n protest_v since_o the_o conquest_n of_o england_n tribute_n and_o subsidy_n have_v be_v as_o just_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n pay_v england_n as_o in_o jury_n fulb._n pand._n c._n 10._o f._n 99_o in_o republica_fw-la maxim_n conservanda_fw-la sunt_fw-la jura_fw-la belli_fw-la coke_n come_v f._n 10._o b._n in_o a_o commonwealth_n the_o law_n of_o warr_n be_v principal_o to_o be_v preserve_v for_o to_o invert_v the_o position_n of_o justinian_n and_o yet_o to_o retain_v the_o sense_n imperatoriam_fw-la majestatem_fw-la non_fw-la solum_fw-la legibus_fw-la oportet_fw-la esse_fw-la armatam_fw-la institutes_n just_a institutes_n sed_fw-la etiam_fw-la armis_fw-la decoratam_fw-la ut_fw-la utrumque_fw-la tempus_fw-la bollorum_fw-la &_o pacis_fw-la recte_fw-la possit_fw-la gubernari_fw-la the_o imperial_a majesty_n ought_v not_o only_o to_o be_v arm_v with_o law_n but_o also_o adorn_v with_o arm_n that_o the_o time_n of_o war_n and_o peace_n may_v be_v right_o govern_v for_o experience_n the_o mistress_n of_o all_o art_n and_o science_n teach_v we_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o necessary_a for_o the_o observation_n of_o peace_n and_o administration_n of_o justice_n than_o the_o conservation_n of_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n and_o that_o in_o consideration_n of_o the_o ambition_n of_o the_o world_n and_o faction_n of_o people_n it_o be_v impossible_a for_o any_o realm_n to_o continue_v in_o peace_n and_o tranquillity_n where_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o sword_n be_v not_o eminent_a and_o imminent_a and_o therefore_o cicero_n summus_fw-la illo_fw-la administrandae_fw-la reipub_fw-la magister_fw-la cicerone_n buchan_n de_fw-fr cicerone_n propound_v the_o chief_a master_n of_o the_o administration_n of_o a_o common_a wealth_n propound_v this_o sentence_n to_o be_v practise_v as_o a_o state_n aphorism_n ideo_fw-la suscipienda_fw-la sunt_fw-la bella_fw-la ut_fw-la in_o pace_fw-la sine_fw-la injuria_fw-la vivamus_fw-la therefore_o be_v war_n to_o be_v undertake_v that_o we_o may_v live_v in_o peace_n without_o injury_n offi._n tullys_n offi._n for_o without_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o militia_n and_o sword_n a_o state_n can_v be_v constant_o clear_v and_o free_v from_o public_a or_o private_a injury_n and_o it_o be_v cato_n sage_a advice_n by_o which_o the_o continual_a rebellion_n of_o the_o spaniard_n may_v sure_o be_v suppress_v id_fw-la uno_fw-la modo_fw-la caveri_fw-la potest_fw-la si_fw-la effectum_fw-la erit_fw-la ne_fw-la possint_fw-la rebellare_fw-la that_o by_o one_o only_a mean_n may_v be_v prevent_v if_o such_o course_n be_v take_v that_o they_o can_v rebel_v and_o the_o very_a like_o course_n do_v lentulus_n prescribe_v against_o the_o perfidious_a carthaginian_n quoniam_fw-la illoram_fw-la persidiam_fw-la non_fw-la possumus_fw-la tollere_fw-la ideo_fw-la debilitemus_fw-la potentiam_fw-la because_o we_o can_v eradicate_v their_o persidiousnesse_n therefore_o let_v we_o debilitate_v their_o power_n both_o which_o by_o continuance_n and_o force_v of_o arm_n be_v effect_v mavult_fw-la princeps_fw-la domesticos_fw-la milites_fw-la quam_fw-la stipendiarios_fw-la bellicis_fw-la apponere_fw-la casibus_fw-la coke_n come_v f._n 69._o a._n a_o prince_n will_v rather_o employ_v domestic_a and_o native_a soldier_n than_o stipendiaries_n and_o forrener_n it_o be_v the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o ancient_a king_n of_o england_n to_o be_v serve_v in_o the_o war_n by_o their_o own_o subject_n and_o therefore_o do_v give_v land_n to_o their_o subject_n to_o hold_v of_o they_o by_o knight_n service_n that_o when_o the_o king_n do_v make_v a_o royal_a voyage_n to_o scotland_n wales_n etc._n etc._n according_a to_o their_o several_a tenor_n they_o ought_v to_o be_v with_o the_o king_n for_o a_o certain_a time_n limit_v convenient_o array_v for_o the_o war_n and_o though_o they_o only_a who_o hold_v immediate_o of_o the_o king_n be_v to_o do_v this_o service_n yet_o every_o man_n by_o his_o tenure_n be_v bind_v to_o defend_v his_o lord_n and_o he_o and_o his_o lord_n the_o king_n to_o which_o the_o military_a rule_n of_o galba_n be_v consonant_a optimum_fw-la est_fw-la militem_fw-la deligere_fw-la non_fw-la autem_fw-la emere_fw-la it_o be_v the_o best_a course_n to_o choose_v a_o soldier_n but_o not_o to_o buy_v he_o and_o then_o be_v prince_n say_v to_o choose_v their_o soldier_n when_o they_o conscribe_v their_o own_o subject_n and_o to_o buy_v they_o when_o they_o purchase_v stranger_n with_o their_o pay_n and_o as_o another_o satius_fw-la est_fw-la erudire_fw-la suos_fw-la quam_fw-la conducere_fw-la alienos_fw-la it_o be_v better_a to_o instruct_v your_o own_o people_n in_o arm_n then_o to_o procure_v expert_a stranger_n for_o which_o machavell_n that_o subtle_a secretary_n of_o state_n extoll_v the_o king_n of_o england_n that_o when_o he_o invade_v france_n for_o many_o year_n ago_o will_v not_o accept_v any_o
be_v that_o which_o be_v call_v tenure_n of_o land_n in_o which_o reservation_n he_o have_v four_o serviceable_a institution_n suitable_a to_o the_o state_n of_o a_o conqueror_n 1._o marriage_n of_o the_o ward_n male_a and_o female_a 2._o horse_n for_o service_n 3._o homage_n and_o fealty_n and_o fourthly_a primer_n seisin_n bacon_n use_n f._n 30._o vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la but_o sir_n john_n davis_n be_v of_o opinion_n 41._o davis_n 21._o f._n 41._o that_o though_o william_n the_o conqueror_n make_v a_o more_o absolute_a and_o entire_a conquest_n of_o england_n than_o henry_n the_o second_o do_v of_o ireland_n yet_o he_o do_v not_o seize_v all_o and_o have_v not_o the_o actual_a possession_n of_o all_o the_o land_n within_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n vest_v in_o he_o by_o the_o conquest_n yet_o he_o acknowledge_v that_o the_o book_n of_o domesday_n which_o be_v a_o exact_a description_n of_o all_o the_o realm_n be_v make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o conqueror_n and_o that_o by_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o conqueror_n have_v certain_a land_n in_o demesne_n which_o land_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n and_o be_v entitle_v terrae_fw-la edwardi_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o other_o land_n which_o himself_o have_v seize_v upon_o the_o conquest_n and_o be_v entitle_v terrae_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o call_v they_o the_o ancient_a demesne_n of_o the_o king_n and_o of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n but_o he_o make_v no_o mention_n of_o the_o land_n which_o he_o confer_v on_o the_o norman_n which_o without_o doubt_n be_v very_o great_a and_o who_o by_o manor_n as_o well_o as_o by_o honour_n he_o make_v predominant_a in_o england_n as_o to_z hugh_z lupus_n the_o son_n of_o his_o mother_n lot_n and_o one_o hoclewin_n a_o noble_a man_n of_o normandy_n who_o she_o have_v marry_v he_o give_v the_o earldom_n of_o chester_n to_o hold_v of_o he_o as_o free_o by_o his_o sword_n as_o he_o hold_v the_o crown_n of_o england_n by_o virtue_n of_o which_o grant_v the_o say_a hugh_n ordain_v under_o he_o four_o baron_n 34._o b._n cr._n f._n 34._o such_o a_o honour_n as_o no_o subject_a in_o england_n ever_o enjoy_v the_o like_a which_o also_o be_v manifest_a by_o the_o grant_v he_o make_v to_o warren_n a_o norman_a of_o principal_a quality_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o shirburn_n in_o norfolk_n 33._o b._n cr_n f._n 33._o which_o afterward_o he_o restore_v to_o the_o heir_n because_o he_o have_v never_o bear_v arm_n against_o he_o by_o which_o this_o consequence_n may_v probable_o be_v infer_v that_o notwithstanct_v his_o universal_a conquest_n he_o have_v such_o a_o moderate_a respect_n to_o those_o who_o be_v neither_o actor_n nor_o opposite_n to_o his_o achievement_n of_o the_o crown_n that_o though_o upon_o suspicious_a information_n he_o have_v by_o grant_n deprive_v they_o of_o their_o estate_n yet_o in_o consideration_n of_o their_o submissive_a homage_n and_o fealty_n he_o gracious_o restore_v they_o but_o to_o the_o point_n in_o hand_n upon_o this_o conquest_n the_o ancient_a law_n do_v seem_v to_o be_v silent_a lectorem_fw-la co._n l._n 3_o 71._o ad_fw-la lectorem_fw-la for_o he_o abrogate_a many_o of_o they_o and_o in_o their_o stead_n bring_v in_o other_o law_n which_o sir_n edward_n coke_n confess_v efficacissima_fw-la ad_fw-la regni_fw-la pacem_fw-la tuendam_fw-la be_v effectual_a and_o forcible_a to_o maintain_v the_o peace_n of_o the_o kingdom_n command_v they_o to_o be_v write_v in_o french_a and_o also_o that_o all_o cause_n shall_v be_v plead_v and_o all_o matter_n of_o form_n dispatch_v in_o french_a thereby_o intend_v to_o make_v the_o norman_n language_n as_o predominant_a as_o their_o person_n and_o therein_o intimate_v the_o roman_n who_o upon_o their_o conquest_n of_o any_o country_n as_o well_o as_o england_n introduce_v and_o use_v their_o language_n in_o all_o matter_n of_o state_n and_o court_n of_o judicature_n both_o which_o be_v alter_v and_o change_v by_o our_o parliament_n as_o a_o ancient_a badge_n of_o conquest_n and_o servitude_n so_o edward_n the_o first_o make_v a_o conquest_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o wales_n and_o change_v their_o law_n and_o custom_n as_o he_o have_v express_v in_o his_o charter_n as_o the_o statute_n of_o rutland_n whereas_o to_o their_o law_n and_o custom_n he_o say_v quasdam_fw-la illarum_fw-la de_fw-la consilio_fw-la procerum_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la de_fw-la levimas_fw-la quasdam_fw-la correximus_fw-la ac_fw-la etiam_fw-la quasdum_fw-la alius_fw-la adjiciendas_fw-la &_o faciendas_fw-la decrevimus_fw-la etc._n etc._n some_o of_o they_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o noble_n of_o our_o kingdom_n we_o have_v abolish_v some_o we_o have_v correct_v also_o some_o we_o have_v decree_v to_o add_v and_o make_v optimi_fw-la ducis_fw-la est_fw-la scire_fw-la &_o vincerâ—_n &_o cerdere_fw-mi prudenter_fw-la tempori_fw-la coke_n come_v f._n 71._o a._n it_o be_v the_o part_n of_o a_o excellent_a captain_n to_o know_v and_o to_o overcome_v and_o wise_o to_o yield_v unto_o the_o time_n man_n must_v not_o fight_v only_o with_o warlike_a weapon_n and_o engine_n but_o with_o the_o force_n of_o his_o wit_n and_o ingeny_n for_o dolus_fw-la cunning_a and_o policy_n be_v much_o use_v in_o military_a affair_n and_o stand_v in_o equal_a balance_n with_o strength_n and_o might_n according_a to_o the_o poetical_a sentence_n nil_fw-la refert_fw-la armis_fw-la contingat_fw-la palma_fw-la dolove_n nam_fw-la dolus_fw-la a_o virtus_fw-la surit_fw-la quis_fw-la in_o host_n requiret_fw-la by_o might_n and_o slight_a to_o conquer_v yea_o or_o no_o it_o be_v no_o matter_n for_o either_o in_o a_o foe_n who_o do_v require_v nay_o often_o time_n prudent_a subtlety_n prevail_v more_o in_o such_o warlike_a enterprise_n than_o may_v and_o strength_n of_o hand_n and_o therefore_o be_v stratagem_n more_o common_o more_o commodious_a than_o plain_a and_o equal_a encounter_n which_o a_o complete_a general_n will_v always_o practice_v upon_o a_o convenient_a occasion_n as_o vegetius_n prescribe_v boni_fw-la deuce_n non_fw-la aperto_fw-la morte_fw-la praelium_fw-la in_fw-la quo_fw-la est_fw-la common_a periculum_fw-la sed_fw-la ex_fw-la occulto_fw-la semper_fw-la attentant_fw-la ut_fw-la integris_fw-la suis_fw-la viribus_fw-la quantum_fw-la possint_fw-la host_n interrimant_n certe_fw-la vel_fw-la terreant_fw-la good_a captain_n will_v not_o fight_v in_o open_a field_n in_o which_o the_o danger_n be_v common_a and_o equal_a but_o will_v invade_v they_o unaware_o that_o with_o all_o their_o force_n in_o what_o they_o can_v they_o may_v either_o destroy_v the_o enemy_n or_o otherwise_o put_v they_o into_o a_o fear_n and_o fright_v and_o therefore_o the_o lacedominans_n when_o they_o over-came_a the_o enemy_n by_o stratagem_n do_v sacrifice_n to_o mars_n a_o ox_n but_o when_o by_o open_a strength_n a_o cock_n of_o which_o plutarch_n give_v the_o reason_n that_o so_o they_o may_v accustom_v their_o leader_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o only_o be_v valiant_a but_o also_o by_o subtle_a wiliness_n which_o be_v requisite_a in_o a_o emperor_n they_o shall_v excel_v in_o stratagem_n and_o which_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n be_v more_o to_o be_v desire_v for_o god_n command_v joshua_n 8._o josh_n 8._o to_o lie_v in_o ambush_n for_o the_o city_n of_o ay_o behind_o it_o and_o so_o do_v david_n when_o he_o be_v to_o fight_v with_o the_o philistines_n thou_o shall_v not_o go_v up_o but_o fetch_v a_o compass_n behind_o they_o and_o come_v upon_o they_o over_o against_o the_o mulberry_n tree_n so_o it_o be_v a_o cunning_a policy_n in_o the_o besiege_a that_o they_o pretend_v to_o abound_v in_o those_o thing_n which_o they_o most_o want_v so_o the_o roman_n when_o the_o capital_a be_v besiege_v by_o the_o french_a and_o be_v press_v with_o the_o extreme_a necessity_n of_o famine_n do_v cast_v down_o loafe_v of_o breed_v among_o their_o enemy_n 4._o val._n max._n l._n 7._o c._n 4._o that_o they_o may_v seem_v to_o abound_v in_o provision_n by_o which_o device_n the_o enemy_n be_v induce_v by_o compact_a to_o leave_v the_o siege_n and_o so_o in_o such_o a_o siege_n it_o be_v a_o commodious_a thing_n to_o a_o captain_n to_o move_v in_o treaty_n of_o agreement_n and_o to_o make_v truce_n with_o the_o enemy_n for_o certain_a day_n which_o usual_o make_v the_o enemy_n more_o negligent_a so_o as_o he_o may_v the_o more_o easy_o get_v out_o of_o their_o hand_n by_o this_o way_n sylla_n deliver_v himself_o twice_o from_o the_o enemy_n and_o by_o the_o same_o deceit_n asdrubal_n in_o spain_n get_v out_o from_o the_o force_n of_o claudius_n nero_n who_o have_v besiege_v he_o match_n l._n 6._o f._n 89._o vide_fw-la ibidem_fw-la plura_fw-la lib._n ii_o miscellanea_fw-la or_o a_o hodgepodge_n or_o divers_a scatter_a ground_n concern_v the_o reasonable_a construction_n of_o the_o law_n sect_n i_o ratio_fw-la est_fw-la anima_fw-la legis_fw-la coke_n come_v f._n 394._o b._n reason_n be_v the_o life_n of_o the_o law_n for_o than_o we_o be_v say_v to_o know_v the_o law_n