a_o colony_n or_o plantation_n and_o that_o import_v rather_o the_o contrary_a and_o by_o such_o name_n these_o plantation_n have_v always_o go_v in_o letter_n patent_n proclamation_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o whatsoever_o may_v by_o some_o be_v say_v as_o to_o statute_n in_o particular_a bind_v there_o the_o common_a law_n must_v and_o do_v oblige_v there_o for_o it_o be_v a_o plantation_n or_o new_a settlement_n of_o englishman_n by_o the_o king_n consent_n in_o a_o uninhabited_a country_n and_o so_o be_v the_o history_n of_o barbados_n write_v by_o richard_n ligon_n print_v at_o london_n 1673._o pag._n 23._o say_v he_o it_o be_v a_o country_n not_o inhabit_v by_o any_o but_o overgrow_v with_o wood_n and_o pag._n 100_o they_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n and_o heylin_n in_o his_o geography_n lib._n 4.148_o say_v the_o english_a be_v the_o sole_a colony_n there_o they_o be_v call_v the_o king_n plantation_n and_o not_o his_o conquest_n and_o he_o neither_o can_v nor_o can_v now_o impose_v any_o law_n upon_o they_o different_a from_o the_o law_n of_o england_n it_o be_v argue_v that_o even_o our_o statute_n do_v bind_v they_o and_o many_o of_o they_o name_n these_o plantation_n as_o english_a they_o have_v some_o municipal_a rule_n there_o like_o our_o by-law_n in_o the_o stannery_n or_o fen_n but_o that_o argue_v nothing_o as_o to_o the_o general_a which_o shall_v prevail_v when_o the_o one_o contradict_v the_o other_o may_v be_v a_o query_n another_o time_n by_o the_o 22_o &_o 23_o car._n 2._o cap._n 26._o against_o the_o plant_n of_o tobacco_n here_o and_o for_o the_o regulation_n of_o the_o plantation_n trade_n the_o governor_n of_o those_o plantation_n be_v once_o a_o year_n to_o return_v to_o the_o custom-house_n in_o london_n a_o account_n of_o all_o ship_n lade_v and_o of_o all_o the_o bond_n etc._n etc._n and_o they_o be_v throughout_o the_o whole_a act_n call_v the_o king_n english_a plantation_n governor_n of_o such_o english_a plantation_n to_o some_o of_o the_o english_a plantation_n and_o paragr_n 10._o it_o be_v say_v inasmuch_o as_o the_o plantation_n be_v inhabit_v which_o his_o subject_n of_o england_n and_o so_o it_o be_v in_o 15_o car._n 2._o cap._n 7._o sect_n 5._o and_o in_o 12_o car._n 2._o cap._n 34._o they_o be_v call_v colony_n and_o plantation_n of_o this_o kingdom_n of_o england_n from_o all_o which_o it_o be_v natural_a to_o infer_v that_o the_o rule_n in_o case_n of_o conquer_a place_n can_v prevail_v here_o conquest_n est_fw-fr res_fw-la odiosa_fw-la and_o never_o to_o be_v presume_v beside_o it_o be_v the_o people_n not_o the_o soil_n that_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v conquer_v the_o reason_n of_o a_o conquerour_n power_n to_o prescribe_v law_n be_v the_o conqueror_n clemency_n in_o save_v the_o life_n of_o the_o conquer_a who_o by_o the_o strict_a right_n of_o war_n he_o may_v have_v destroy_v or_o the_o presume_a chance_n of_o subjection_n which_o the_o conquer_a prince_n and_o people_n throw_v themselves_o upon_o when_o they_o first_o engage_v in_o the_o war._n but_o this_o be_v not_o pretend_v to_o here_o though_o all_o the_o case_n about_o this_o subject_n be_v put_v below_o stair_n then_o take_v it_o as_o the_o truth_n be_v certain_a subject_n of_o england_n by_o consent_n of_o their_o prince_n go_v and_o possess_v a_o uninhabited_a desert_n country_n the_o common_a law_n must_v be_v suppose_v their_o rule_n as_o it_o be_v their_o birthright_n and_o as_o it_o be_v the_o best_a and_o so_o to_o be_v presume_v their_o choice_n and_o not_o only_o that_o but_o even_o as_o obligatory_a it_o be_v so_o when_o they_o go_v thither_o they_o no_o more_o abandon_v the_o english_a law_n than_o they_o do_v their_o natural_a allegiance_n nay_o they_o subject_v themselves_o no_o more_o to_o other_o law_n than_o they_o do_v to_o another_o allegiance_n which_o they_o do_v not_o this_o be_v a_o dominion_n belong_v not_o only_a to_o the_o crown_n but_o to_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n though_o not_o within_o the_o territorial_n realm_n vaughan_n 330._o say_v that_o they_o follow_v england_n and_o be_v a_o part_n of_o it_o then_o it_o be_v argue_v further_a if_o it_o be_v possible_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v otherwise_o when_o do_v the_o common_a law_n cease_v on_o the_o sea_n it_o remain_v in_o all_o personal_a respect_n if_o battery_n or_o wound_n on_o shipboard_n action_n lay_v here_o then_o the_o same_o hold_v when_o they_o land_v there_o and_o no_o new_a law_n can_v be_v make_v for_o they_o but_o by_o the_o prince_n with_o their_o consent_n beside_o either_o the_o right_n of_o these_o land_n be_v gain_v to_o the_o crown_n or_o to_o the_o planter_n by_o the_o occupancy_n and_o either_o way_n the_o common_a law_n must_v be_v their_o rule_n it_o must_v be_v agree_v that_o the_o first_o entry_n gain_v the_o right_n and_o so_o be_v grotius_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la belli_n &_o pacis_fw-la lib._n 2._o cap._n 8._o sect_n 6._o and_o these_o land_n be_v never_o the_o king_n though_o they_o afterward_o submit_v to_o take_v a_o grant_v of_o the_o king_n it_o be_v true_a in_o case_n of_o war_n what_o be_v gain_v become_v he_o who_o maintain_v the_o war_n and_o do_v not_o of_o right_a belong_v to_o that_o person_n who_o first_o possess_v it_o grot._n lib._n 3._o cap._n 6._o sect_n 11._o but_o in_o case_n it_o be_v not_o the_o effect_n of_o war_n but_o only_o by_o force_n of_o their_o first_o entry_n it_o must_v be_v consider_v what_o interest_n they_o do_v acquire_v and_o certain_o it_o be_v the_o large_a that_o can_v be_v for_o a_o occupant_a do_v gain_v a_o inheritance_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o the_o same_o shall_v descend_v then_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o what_o law_n shall_v the_o descent_n be_v govern_v it_o must_v be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o country_n to_o which_o they_o do_v original_o and_o still_o do_v belong_v but_o then_o suppose_v the_o land_n gain_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o the_o crown_n to_o distribute_v these_o land_n the_o grant_v of_o they_o be_v to_o hold_v in_o soccage_n and_o that_o be_v a_o common_a law_n tenure_n why_o be_v not_o their_o person_n in_o like_a manner_n under_o the_o common_a law_n when_o a_o governor_n be_v first_o receive_v by_o or_o impose_v upon_o they_o it_o be_v never_o intend_v either_o by_o king_n or_o people_n that_o he_o shall_v rule_v by_o any_o other_o law_n than_o that_o of_o england_n and_o if_o it_o have_v be_v know_v to_o be_v otherwise_o the_o number_n of_o subject_n there_o will_v have_v be_v very_o small_a in_o these_o case_n their_o allegiance_n continue_v and_o must_v be_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n and_o it_o be_v argue_v that_o ex_fw-la consequenti_fw-la the_o protection_n and_o rule_n of_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v by_o the_o same_o law_n for_o they_o be_v mutual_a and_o reciprocal_a unum_fw-la trahit_fw-la alterum_fw-la and_o that_o law_n which_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o the_o one_o shall_v be_v the_o rule_n of_o the_o other_o beside_o it_o be_v the_o inhabitant_n not_o the_o country_n that_o be_v capable_a of_o law_n and_o those_o be_v english_a and_o so_o declare_v and_o allow_v to_o be_v and_o consequent_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n why_o the_o english_a law_n shall_v not_o follow_v the_o person_n of_o englishman_n especial_o while_o they_o be_v under_o the_o english_a government_n and_o since_o the_o great_a seal_n go_v thither_o and_o further_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n lie_v here_o upon_o any_o of_o their_o ultimate_a judgement_n so_o say_v vaughan_n 402._o and_o 21_o hen._n 7.3_o that_o it_o do_v so_o to_o all_o subordinate_a dominion_n and_o though_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o place_n prevent_v the_o common_a use_n of_o such_o writ_n yet_o by_o his_o opinion_n it_o clear_o lie_v and_o he_o reckon_v the_o plantation_n part_v of_o those_o subordinate_a dominion_n now_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v a_o remedial_a writ_n whereon_o right_o be_v to_o be_v do_v and_o that_o must_v be_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n for_o the_o king_n bench_n in_o case_n of_o a_o reversal_n upon_o such_o writ_n be_v to_o give_v a_o new_a judgement_n as_o by_o law_n ought_v to_o have_v be_v first_o give_v vaughan_n 290_o 291_o say_v it_o lie_v at_o common_a law_n to_o reverse_v judgement_n in_o any_o inferior_a dominion_n for_o if_o it_o do_v not_o inferior_a and_o provincial_a government_n may_v make_v what_o law_n they_o please_v for_o judgement_n be_v law_n when_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v reverse_v it_o lay_v to_o ireland_n by_o the_o common_a law_n say_v coke_n 7_o rep._n 18._o though_o there_o have_v be_v no_o reservation_n of_o it_o in_o king_n john_n charter_n then_o it_o be_v infer_v that_o the_o lie_v of_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n prove_v the_o law_n
to_o be_v the_o same_o i.e._n in_o general_a the_o common_a law_n to_o govern_v in_o both_o place_n from_o the_o difference_n assign_v between_o ireland_n and_o scotland_n it_o lie_v not_o to_o scotland_n because_o a_o distinct_a kingdom_n and_o govern_v by_o distinct_a law_n and_o it_o lie_v to_o ireland_n because_o rule_v by_o the_o same_o and_o consequent_o if_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n lie_v on_o the_o final_a judgement_n there_o it_o be_v a_o good_a argument_n that_o the_o same_o law_n prevail_v there_o these_o plantation_n be_v parcel_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o counties_n palatine_n be_v their_o right_n and_o interest_n be_v every_o day_n determine_v in_o chancery_n here_o only_o that_o for_o necessity_n and_o encouragement_n of_o trade_n and_o commerce_n they_o make_v plantation-land_n as_o asset_n in_o certain_a case_n to_o pay_v debt_n in_o all_o other_o thing_n they_o make_v rule_n for_o they_o according_a to_o the_o common_a course_n of_o english_a equity_n the_o distance_n or_o the_o contiguity_n of_o the_o thing_n make_v no_o alteration_n in_o the_o case_n and_o than_o it_o be_v say_v as_o at_o first_o that_o this_o than_o be_v the_o same_o case_n as_o if_o the_o imprisonment_n have_v be_v in_o england_n or_o on_o shipboard_n as_o to_o the_o rule_n of_o justification_n that_o if_o there_o be_v another_o law_n which_o can_v justify_v it_o the_o same_o aught_o to_o have_v be_v certain_o plead_v as_o to_o the_o instruction_n those_o do_v not_o appear_v and_o therefore_o be_v not_o to_o be_v consider_v in_o the_o case_n and_o they_o shall_v have_v be_v set_v forth_o and_o no_o extraordinary_a power_n be_v to_o be_v presume_v unless_o show_v for_o every_o man_n in_o plead_v be_v think_v to_o make_v the_o best_a of_o his_o own_o case_n and_o consequent_o that_o if_o it_o will_v have_v make_v for_o he_o the_o same_o will_v have_v be_v show_v and_o because_o they_o be_v not_o show_v they_o must_v be_v think_v directive_n of_o a_o government_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n since_o it_o be_v to_o a_o subject_a of_o this_o realm_n to_o govern_v other_o subject_n of_o this_o realm_n live_v upon_o a_o part_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o from_o the_o king_n thereof_o who_o must_v be_v suppose_v to_o approve_v those_o law_n which_o make_v he_o king_n and_o by_o which_o he_o reign_v then_o it_o be_v argue_v suppose_v this_o governor_n have_v borrow_v money_n of_o a_o man_n in_o the_o island_n and_o then_o have_v return_v to_o england_n and_o a_o action_n have_v be_v bring_v for_o it_o and_o he_o have_v pretend_v to_o ustifie_v the_o receipt_n of_o it_o as_o governor_n he_o must_v have_v show_v his_o power_n the_o law_n and_o how_o he_o observe_v that_o law_n the_o like_a for_o good_n the_o same_o reason_n for_o tort_v and_o wrong_n do_v vi_fw-mi &_o armis_fw-la now_o the_o court_n below_o can_v consider_v no_o other_o power_n or_o law_n to_o justify_v this_o act_n but_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n and_o that_o will_v not_o do_v it_o for_o the_o reason_n give_v and_o if_o it_o be_v justifiable_a by_o any_o other_o it_o must_v be_v plead_v and_o what_o he_o have_v plead_v be_v not_o pursue_v etc._n etc._n as_o to_o the_o commitment_n by_o a_o council_n of_o state_n what_o it_o mean_v be_v hardly_o know_v in_o the_o law_n of_o england_n and_o that_o authority_n which_o commit_v by_o our_o law_n aught_o to_o be_v certain_a and_o the_o cause_n express_v as_o all_o the_o argument_n upon_o the_o writ_n of_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la in_o old_a time_n do_v show_v but_o here_o be_v no_o council_n and_o it_o be_v not_o say_v so_o much_o as_o that_o he_o be_v debito_fw-la modo_fw-la onerat_fw-la '_o and_o as_o to_o the_o demur_n '_o that_o confess_v no_o more_o than_o what_o be_v well_o plead_v and_o as_o to_o consequence_n there_o be_v more_o danger_n to_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_a by_o allow_v such_o a_o behaviour_n then_o can_v be_v to_o the_o government_n by_o allow_v the_o action_n to_o lie_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v pray_v that_o the_o judgement_n may_v be_v affirm_v it_o be_v reply_v on_o behalf_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n that_o notwithstanding_o all_o that_o have_v be_v say_v the_o law_n there_o be_v different_a though_o the_o foundation_n of_o they_o be_v the_o common_a law_n that_o they_o will_v not_o enter_v into_o that_o question_n what_o sort_n of_o title_n at_o first_o give_v right_o to_o these_o land_n but_o that_o this_o be_v a_o commitment_n by_o a_o council_n of_o state_n and_o as_o to_o the_o objection_n of_o too_o general_a plead_n in_o male_n &_o arbitrarie_a exercendo_fw-la etc._n etc._n though_o the_o inducement_n of_o the_o plea_n be_v so_o there_o be_v other_o matter_n more_o particular_o plead_v the_o alter_v the_o decree_n in_o his_o chamber_n which_o be_v sufficient_a and_o as_o to_o the_o objection_n that_o it_o be_v not_o allege_v in_o the_o plead_n that_o the_o charge_n in_o council_n against_o wytham_n be_v upon_o oath_n they_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v not_o effential_a though_o prudent_a to_o have_v the_o charge_n upon_o oath_n before_o commitment_n matter_n may_v be_v otherwise_o apparent_a and_o as_o to_o the_o objection_n that_o the_o warrant_n of_o the_o council_n for_o the_o commitment_n be_v not_o show_v they_o say_v that_o it_o lay_v not_o in_o their_o power_n because_o it_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o provost_n marshal_n as_o his_o authority_n for_o the_o capture_z and_o detention_n of_o he_o and_o therefore_o do_v belong_v to_o he_o to_o keep_v and_o that_o the_o council_n though_o they_o be_v not_o a_o court_n yet_o they_o have_v jurisdiction_n to_o hear_v the_o complaint_n and_o send_v he_o to_o another_o court_n that_o can_v try_v the_o crime_n and_o though_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o the_o king_n give_v any_o authority_n to_o the_o governor_n and_o council_n to_o commit_v yet_o it_o be_v incident_a to_o their_o authority_n as_o be_v a_o council_n of_o state_n the_o council_n here_o in_o england_n commit_v not_o otherwise_o and_o where_o the_o commitment_n be_v not_o authorize_v by_o law_n the_o king_n patent_n give_v no_o power_n for_o it_o but_o the_o government_n must_v be_v very_o weak_a where_o the_o council_n of_o state_n can_v commit_v a_o delinquent_n so_o as_o to_o be_v forthcoming_a to_o another_o court_n that_o can_v punish_v his_o delinquency_n and_o therefore_o pray_v that_o the_o judgement_n shall_v be_v reverse_v and_o the_o same_o be_v according_o reverse_v philip_n versus_fw-la bury_n write_a of_o error_n to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n give_v for_o the_o defendant_n in_o the_o court_n of_o king_n bench_n where_o the_o case_n upon_o the_o record_n be_v thus_o ejectione_n firm_a on_o the_o demise_n of_o painter_n as_o rector_n and_o the_o scholar_n of_o exeter_n college_n in_o oxon_n for_o the_o rector_n house_n the_o defendant_n plead_v special_o that_o the_o house_n in_o question_n be_v the_o freehold_a of_o the_o rector_n and_o scholar_n of_o the_o college_n but_o he_o say_v that_o he_o the_o say_a dr._n bury_n be_v then_o rector_n of_o that_o college_n and_o that_o in_o right_a of_o the_o rector_n and_o scholar_n he_o do_v enter_v into_o the_o message_n in_o question_n and_o do_v eject_v the_o plaintiff_n and_o so_o hold_v he_o out_o absque_fw-la hoc_fw-la that_o painter_n the_o lessor_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o make_v the_o lease_n in_o the_o declaration_n rector_n of_o that_o college_n &_o hoc_fw-la paratus_fw-la est_fw-la verificare_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o plaintiff_n reply_n that_o the_o message_n belong_v to_o the_o rector_n a_o scholar_n but_o that_o painter_n the_o lessor_n be_v rector_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o lease_n &_o hoc_fw-la petit_fw-la quod_fw-la inquiratur_fw-la per_fw-la patriam_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o thereon_o issue_n be_v join_v and_o a_o special_a verdict_n the_o jury_n find_v that_o exeter_n college_n be_v and_o be_v one_o body_n politic_a and_o corporate_a by_o the_o name_n of_o rector_n and_o scholar_n collegij_fw-la exon_n '_o infra_fw-la vniversitat_fw-la '_o oxon_n '_o that_o by_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o college_n there_o be_v law_n and_o statute_n by_o which_o they_o be_v to_o be_v govern_v and_o that_o the_o bishop_n of_o exeter_n for_o the_o time_n be_v and_o no_o other_o at_o the_o time_n of_o sound_v the_o college_n be_v constitute_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o statute_n concern_v that_o matter_n hereafter_o mention_v ordinary_a visitor_n of_o the_o same_o college_n secundum_fw-la tenorem_fw-la &_o effectum_fw-la statut_fw-la '_o eam_fw-la rem_fw-la concernent_fw-la '_o that_o the_o bishop_n of_o exeter_n who_o now_o be_v be_v visitor_n according_a to_o that_o statute_n then_o they_o find_v the_o statute_n for_o the_o election_n of_o a_o rector_n prout_fw-la etc._n etc._n then_o they_o find_v
it_o have_v be_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n but_o here_o be_v a_o new_a constitution_n and_o the_o rule_n hold_v so_o in_o commission_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n if_o the_o direction_n be_v so_o as_o be_v the_o case_n in_o plowden_n 384._o the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n case_n if_o a_o mayor_n and_o three_o alderman_n have_v conusance_n of_o plea_n what_o a_o mayor_n and_o two_o do_v be_v null_a and_o void_a and_o if_o there_o be_v no_o direction_n in_o particular_a for_o the_o number_n the_o law_n require_v the_o majority_n so_o that_o here_o be_v no_o council_n because_o but_o five_o of_o they_o present_a the_o council_n have_v not_o the_o power_n but_o the_o governor_n with_o the_o advice_n and_o assent_n of_o the_o council_n and_o so_o ought_v their_o plead_n to_o have_v be_v according_a to_o their_o case_n that_o if_o a_o man_n justify_v as_o a_o judge_n to_o excuse_v he_o from_o a_o action_n he_o must_v set_v forth_o his_o authority_n and_o the_o cause_n must_v appear_v to_o be_v 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a_o man_n may_v as_o well_o be_v sue_v in_o england_n for_o a_o trespass_n do_v beyond_o sea_n as_o in_o barbadoes_n or_o the_o like_a place_n as_o for_o a_o debt_n arise_v there_o by_o specialty_n or_o other_o contract_n that_o no_o body_n but_o prynne_n ever_o deny_v it_o and_o he_o do_v so_o only_o in_o case_n of_o bond_n date_v there_o that_o many_o action_n have_v be_v maintain_v and_o try_v here_o for_o fact_n do_v in_o the_o indies_n notwithstanding_o special_a justification_n to_o they_o and_o the_o trial_n have_v be_v where_o the_o action_n be_v lay_v there_o be_v quote_v dowdale_n case_n 6_o rep._n 47_o 48._o and_o 7_o rep._n 27._o and_o if_o otherwise_o there_o will_v be_v a_o failure_n of_o justice_n in_o the_o king_n dominion_n 32_o hen._n 6.25_o vide_fw-la jackson_n and_o crispe_n case_n sid._n 462._o 2_o keeble_n 391_o 397._o it_o be_v then_o argue_v that_o whatsoever_o question_n may_v be_v make_v about_o the_o trial_n of_o the_o issue_n if_o one_o have_v be_v join_v yet_o now_o demurrer_n be_v to_o the_o plea_n if_o that_o plea_n be_v naught_o than_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v to_o have_v judgement_n upon_o his_o declaration_n and_o that_o be_v all_o right_a it_o be_v further_o say_v that_o the_o justification_n of_o such_o a_o tort_n or_o wrong_n ought_v to_o be_v according_a to_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n for_o that_o barbadoes_n be_v under_o the_o same_o law_n as_o england_n and_o if_o it_o be_v not_o upon_o his_o plead_n it_o must_v be_v intend_v to_o be_v so_o and_o though_o they_o shall_v be_v intend_v different_a yet_o the_o defendant_n in_o the_o action_n be_v oblige_v to_o the_o same_o rule_n of_o plead_v for_o though_o the_o matter_n may_v justify_v he_o for_o a_o act_n do_v there_o which_o will_v not_o justify_v he_o for_o the_o same_o act_n do_v here_o yet_o he_o must_v show_v that_o he_o have_v pursue_v the_o rule_n of_o law_n in_o that_o place_n or_o in_o case_n of_o no_o positive_a law_n the_o rule_n of_o natural_a equity_n 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receive_v the_o allegation_n and_o matter_n give_v in_o evidence_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n as_o sufficient_a to_o maintain_v his_o title_n whereas_o they_o be_v give_v in_o evidence_n and_o consider_v and_o if_o it_o be_v mean_v as_o a_o sufficient_a evidence_n to_o control_v and_o over-rule_v all_o other_o that_o do_v not_o belong_v to_o the_o court_n in_o trial_n to_o determine_v unless_o refer_v to_o they_o upon_o demurrer_n to_o evidence_n but_o be_v the_o proper_a business_n of_o the_o jury_n and_o if_o the_o party_n be_v aggrieve_v the_o remedy_n be_v a_o attaint_n nor_o can_v it_o be_v pretend_v that_o the_o defendant_n evidence_n be_v admit_v to_o over-rule_v the_o record_n produce_v because_o no_o objection_n be_v make_v to_o the_o defendant_n evidence_n at_o the_o trial_n and_o the_o same_o be_v all_o give_v before_o the_o record_n of_o 15_o ed._n 3._o be_v produce_v and_o consequent_o the_o jury_n must_v consider_v the_o force_n of_o it_o for_o evidence_n on_o both_o side_n 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the_o counsel_n and_o not_o prove_v those_o never_o can_v be_v a_o exception_n and_o for_o these_o and_o other_o reason_n the_o judge_n refuse_v to_o seal_v their_o bill_n upon_o this_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v bring_v and_o a_o petition_n be_v exhibit_v to_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a in_o parliament_n assemble_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o lady_n isabel_n duchess_n of_o grafton_n and_o william_n bridgman_n her_o trustee_n show_v that_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o grant_v the_o office_n in_o question_n to_o w._n b._n for_o the_o life_n of_o henry_n earl_n of_o arlington_n henry_n duke_n of_o grafton_n and_o of_o the_o petitioner_n the_o lady_n isabel_n in_o trust_n for_o the_o duke_n his_o executor_n and_o administrator_n to_o commence_v after_o the_o death_n of_o sir_n robert_n henly_n that_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o sir_n robert_n henly_n the_o petitioner_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o say_a grant_n be_v well_o entitle_v to_o the_o say_a office_n but_o be_v interrupt_v in_o receive_v the_o profit_n by_o rowland_n holt_n esq_n brother_n to_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n holt_n and_o by_o edward_n coleman_n gent._n who_o pretend_v to_o be_v admit_v thereto_o by_o some_o grant_n from_o the_o chief_a justice_n that_o thereupon_o a_o assize_n be_v bring_v for_o the_o say_a office_n which_o come_v to_o trial_n and_o the_o petitioner_n counsel_v insist_v upon_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n prove_v the_o king_n to_o have_v the_o right_n of_o grant_v the_o say_a office_n which_o the_o judge_n will_v not_o admit_v to_o be_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v the_o king_n right_a to_o grant_v the_o same_o that_o the_o petitioner_n counsel_n do_v thereupon_o pray_v the_o benefit_n of_o a_o bill_n therein_o to_o be_v allow_v and_o seal_v by_o the_o judge_n according_a to_o law_n and_o the_o petitioner_n counsel_n rely_v upon_o the_o say_a act_n of_o parliament_n as_o sufficient_a proof_n of_o the_o king_n be_v right_a due_o tender_v a_o bill_n of_o 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lordship_n will_v be_v please_v to_o order_v the_o say_a judge_n or_o some_o of_o they_o to_o seal_v the_o say_a bill_n of_o exception_n to_o the_o end_n the_o say_a case_n may_v as_o by_o law_n it_o ought_v come_v entire_o before_o their_o lordship_n for_o judgement_n etc._n etc._n upon_o read_v this_o petition_n it_o be_v order_v that_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o court_n of_o king_n bench_n shall_v have_v copy_n of_o the_o petition_n and_o put_v in_o their_o answer_n thereunto_o in_o write_v on_o ....._o next_o at_o the_o day_n appoint_v there_o be_v deliver_v a_o answer_n in_o these_o or_o the_o like_a word_n the_o answer_n of_o william_n dolben_n william_n gregory_n and_o giles_n eyre_n knight_n three_o of_o their_o majesty_n justice_n assign_v to_o hold_v plea_n in_o their_o court_n of_o king_n bench_n at_o westminster_n to_o the_o petition_n of_o the_o most_o noble_a isabel_n duchess_n of_o grafton_n and_o william_n bridgman_n exhibit_v by_o they_o to_o your_o lordship_n these_o respondent_o by_o protestation_n not_o own_v or_o allow_v any_o of_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o petition_n to_o be_v true_a as_o they_o be_v therein_o allege_v and_o save_v to_o themselves_o the_o benefit_n of_o all_o the_o several_a statute_n herein_o after_o mention_v and_o all_o the_o right_o they_o have_v as_o member_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n to_o defend_v themselves_o upon_o any_o trial_n that_o may_v be_v bring_v against_o they_o for_o any_o thing_n do_v contrary_a to_o their_o duty_n as_o judge_n according_a to_o the_o due_a course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n which_o right_o they_o hold_v themselves_o oblige_v to_o insist_v upon_o in_o answer_n to_o the_o say_a petition_n think_v themselves_o bind_v to_o show_v and_o offer_v to_o your_o lordship_n consideration_n that_o the_o petition_n be_v a_o complaint_n against_o they_o for_o refuse_v to_o seal_v a_o pretend_a bill_n of_o exception_n contrary_a to_o a_o statute_n in_o that_o behalf_n as_o the_o petition_n pretend_v without_o set_v forth_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n or_o what_o that_o pretend_a bill_n be_v whereas_o that_o statute_n be_v the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n 2._o cap._n 31._o and_o do_v enact_v that_o if_o any_o implead_v before_o any_o justice_n do_v offer_v a_o exception_n and_o pray_v the_o justice_n to_o allow_v the_o same_o and_o they_o refuse_v so_o to_o do_v the_o party_n offer_v the_o exception_n be_v thereby_o to_o write_v it_o and_o pray_v the_o justice_n to_o seal_v it_o which_o they_o or_o one_o of_o they_o be_v thereby_o enjoin_v to_o do_v so_o that_o if_o the_o pretend_a bill_n be_v due_o tender_v to_o these_o respondent_o and_o be_v such_o as_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o seal_v these_o respondent_o be_v answerable_a only_o for_o it_o by_o the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n in_o a_o action_n to_o be_v bring_v on_o that_o statute_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v try_v by_o a_o jury_n of_o twelve_o honest_a and_o lawful_a man_n of_o england_n by_o the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o not_o in_o any_o other_o manner_n and_o the_o respondent_n further_o show_v and_o humble_o offer_v to_o your_o lordship_n consideration_n that_o the_o petition_n be_v a_o complaint_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o original_a suit_n charge_v those_o respondent_o with_o a_o crime_n of_o a_o very_a high_a nature_n in_o act_v contrary_a to_o the_o duty_n of_o their_o office_n and_o so_o altogether_o improper_a for_o your_o lordship_n examination_n or_o consideration_n not_o be_v any_o more_o triable_a by_o your_o lordship_n then_o every_o information_n or_o action_n for_o breach_n of_o any_o statute_n law_n be_v all_o which_o matter_n be_v by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o justice_n of_o the_o land_n of_o common_a right_n to_o be_v
try_v by_o a_o jury_n and_o the_o petition_n be_v whole_o of_o a_o new_a nature_n and_o without_o any_o example_n or_o precedent_n be_v to_o compel_v judge_n who_o be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n to_o act_v according_a to_o their_o own_o judgement_n without_o any_o constraint_n or_o compulsion_n whatsoever_o and_o trench_n upon_o all_o man_n right_n and_o liberty_n tend_v manifest_o to_o destroy_v all_o trial_n by_o jury_n and_o it_o be_v further_a manifest_a that_o this_o complaint_n be_v utter_o improper_a for_o your_o lordship_n examination_n for_o that_o your_o lordship_n can_v apply_v the_o proper_a and_o only_a remedy_n which_o the_o law_n have_v give_v the_o party_n in_o this_o case_n which_o be_v by_o award_v damage_n to_o the_o party_n injure_v if_o any_o injury_n be_v do_v for_o these_o be_v only_o to_o be_v assess_v by_o a_o jury_n and_o they_o these_o respondent_o be_v so_o far_o from_o apprehend_v they_o have_v do_v any_o wrong_n to_o the_o petitioner_n in_o this_o matter_n that_o they_o humble_o offer_v with_o your_o lordship_n leave_n to_o wave_v any_o privilege_n they_o have_v as_o assistant_n to_o this_o honourable_a house_n and_o appear_v gratis_o to_o any_o suit_n that_o shall_v be_v bring_v against_o they_o in_o westminster-hall_n touch_v the_o matter_n complain_v of_o in_o the_o petition_n and_o they_o further_o with_o all_o humility_n offer_v to_o your_o lordship_n consideration_n that_o as_o they_o be_v judge_n they_o be_v under_o the_o solemn_a obligation_n of_o a_o oath_n to_o do_v justice_n without_o respect_n of_o person_n and_o be_v to_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v act_v in_o this_o matter_n with_o and_o under_o a_o due_a regard_n to_o that_o sacred_a obligation_n and_o therefore_o to_o impose_v any_o thing_n contrary_a upon_o they_o may_v endanger_v the_o break_n of_o it_o which_o they_o humble_o believe_v your_o lordship_n will_v be_v tender_a of_o and_o they_o further_a humble_o show_v to_o your_o lordship_n that_o by_o a_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o 25_o of_o edw._n 3._o cap._n 4._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o from_o thenceforth_o none_o shall_v be_v take_v by_o petition_n or_o suggestion_n to_o the_o king_n or_o his_o council_n unless_o by_o indictment_n or_o presentment_n of_o good_a and_o lawful_a people_n of_o the_o neighbourhood_n or_o by_o process_n by_o writ_n original_a at_o common_a law_n and_o that_o none_o shall_v be_v put_v out_o of_o his_o franchise_n or_o freehold_n but_o by_o the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o by_o another_o statute_n in_o the_o 28_o of_o edw._n 3._o cap._n 3._o it_o be_v express_o provide_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v put_v out_o of_o his_o land_n and_o tenement_n nor_o imprison_v or_o disinherit_v but_o by_o due_a process_n of_o law_n and_o by_o another_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o 42_o edw._n 3._o cap._n 3._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v put_v to_o answer_v without_o presentment_n before_o justice_n or_o matter_n of_o record_n on_o due_a process_n and_o original_a writ_n according_a to_o the_o old_a law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o the_o respondent_n further_o say_v that_o inasmuch_o as_o the_o petition_n be_v a_o complaint_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o original_a cause_n for_o a_o suppose_a breach_n of_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o breach_n if_o any_o be_v be_v only_o examinable_a and_o triable_a by_o the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o can_v be_v so_o in_o any_o other_o manner_n and_o be_v in_o the_o example_n of_o it_o dangerous_a to_o the_o right_n and_o liberty_n of_o all_o man_n and_o tend_v to_o the_o subversion_n of_o all_o trial_n by_o juries_n these_o respondent_o conceive_v themselves_o bind_v in_o duty_n with_o regard_n to_o their_o office_n and_o in_o conscience_n to_o the_o oath_n they_o have_v take_v to_o crave_v the_o benefit_n of_o defend_v themselves_o touch_v the_o matter_n complain_v of_o in_o the_o petition_n by_o the_o due_a and_o know_a course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o to_o rely_v upon_o the_o aforesaid_a statute_n and_o the_o common_a right_n they_o have_v of_o freeborn_a people_n of_o england_n in_o bar_n of_o the_o petitioner_n any_o further_o proceed_v upon_o the_o say_a petition_n and_o humble_o pray_v to_o be_v dismiss_v from_o the_o same_o then_o it_o be_v after_o debate_v order_v that_o counsel_n be_v hear_v at_o the_o bar_n of_o the_o house_n on_o the_o say_a petition_n and_o afterward_o upon_o the_o day_n appoint_v for_o the_o hear_n of_o counsel_n it_o be_v insist_v on_o in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o petitioner_n that_o here_o be_v a_o right_n and_o a_o right_o prove_v and_o no_o way_n to_o come_v at_o it_o but_o this_o that_o if_o a_o bill_n of_o exception_n be_v tender_v and_o refuse_v this_o house_n can_v command_v they_o to_o do_v it_o that_o this_o proceed_n of_o the_o judge_n be_v to_o stifle_v the_o matter_n of_o law_n the_o writ_n upon_o the_o statute_n must_v be_v returnable_a here_o and_o can_v be_v otherwise_o that_o this_o follow_v the_o judgement_n into_o parliament_n that_o this_o house_n be_v to_o judge_v of_o every_o thing_n belong_v to_o that_o judgement_n that_o if_o this_o can_v be_v do_v there_o will_v be_v a_o failure_n of_o justice_n that_o there_o have_v be_v writ_n of_o error_n upon_o judgement_n with_o the_o bill_n of_o exception_n annex_v that_o damage_n to_o be_v recover_v in_o a_o action_n give_v no_o reparation_n for_o the_o office_n that_o the_o action_n must_v be_v bring_v before_o the_o judge_n and_o so_o it_o must_v be_v a_o dance_n in_o a_o circle_n that_o as_o to_o the_o judge_n oath_n the_o justice_n of_o peace_n be_v upon_o their_o oath_n and_o yet_o they_o may_v be_v commit_v that_o this_o be_v not_o fit_a for_o a_o jury_n to_o try_v whether_o the_o judge_n have_v do_v well_o or_o ill_o in_o refuse_v to_o seal_v this_o bill_n of_o exception_n this_o refusal_n be_v the_o way_n to_o keep_v the_o law_n within_o the_o bound_n or_o wall_n of_o westminster-hall_n and_o effectual_o to_o prevent_v its_o ever_o come_v hither_o that_o this_o be_v not_o a_o complaint_n of_o the_o judge_n that_o as_o yet_o they_o will_v not_o accuse_v they_o of_o a_o crime_n they_o only_o say_v fac_fw-la hoc_fw-la &_o vive_fw-la that_o the_o court_n of_o king_n bench_n below_o do_v the_o same_o thing_n to_o the_o judge_n in_o ireland_n they_o command_v other_o and_o aught_o to_o be_v command_v that_o they_o themselves_o send_v mandatory_a writ_n as_o the_o case_n be_v in_o yelvert_n '_o &_o cro._n car._n that_o the_o lord_n have_v direct_v the_o judge_n in_o many_o thing_n and_o so_o they_o do_v in_o jeffrey_n stanton's_n case_n that_o by_o command_n under_o the_o privy_a seal_n thing_n have_v be_v do_v which_o otherwise_o will_v not_o and_o my_o lord_n shaftsbury_n be_v remand_v to_o the_o tower_n upon_o the_o authority_n of_o that_o case_n 15_o edw._n 3._o the_o statute_n say_v that_o the_o peer_n shall_v examine_v for_o by_o great_a man_n be_v mean_v the_o peer_n then_o be_v urge_v certain_a case_n where_o the_o lord_n have_v command_v the_o chancery_n to_o proceed_v speedy_o and_o to_o give_v judgement_n etc._n etc._n earl_n of_o radnor_n case_n englefield_n and_o englefield_n and_o other_o like_a case_n be_v quote_v and_o from_o thence_o they_o argue_v the_o power_n of_o the_o lord_n to_o command_v the_o judge_n to_o do_v the_o thing_n desire_v it_o be_v argue_v on_o the_o other_o side_n against_o the_o petition_n to_o this_o effect_n that_o this_o be_v a_o cause_n of_o great_a consequence_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o person_n concern_v as_o also_o of_o the_o subject_a matter_n it_o be_v the_o complaint_n of_o a_o noble_a peeress_n against_o three_o of_o the_o judge_n before_o who_o she_o be_v late_o a_o suitor_n and_o concern_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o this_o house_n that_o this_o petition_n be_v the_o most_o artificial_a which_o can_v be_v contrive_v to_o hinder_v the_o justice_n of_o the_o law_n and_o to_o procure_v a_o determination_n in_o prejudice_n of_o two_o hundred_o thirty_o five_o year_n enjoyment_n that_o it_o be_v design_v to_o get_v a_o cause_n to_o be_v hear_v and_o adjudge_v on_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n by_o the_o evidence_n onone_o side_n only_o or_o rather_o by_o that_o which_o be_v no_o evidence_n at_o all_o if_o the_o copy_n produce_v at_o the_o trial_n be_v true_a for_o now_o upon_o the_o return_n of_o what_o they_o desire_v nothing_o of_o the_o defendant_n evidence_n will_v or_o can_v appear_v when_o a_o bill_n of_o exception_n be_v form_v upon_o the_o statute_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v upon_o some_o point_n of_o law_n either_o in_o admit_v or_o deny_v of_o evidence_n or_o a_o challenge_n or_o some_o matter_n of_o law_n arise_v upon_o fact_n not_o deny_v in_o which_o either_o party_n be_v overrule_v by_o the_o
court._n if_o such_o bill_n be_v tender_v and_o the_o exception_n in_o it_o be_v true_o state_v than_o the_o judge_n ought_v to_o set_v their_o seal_n in_o testimony_n that_o such_o exception_n be_v take_v at_o the_o trial_n but_o if_o the_o bill_n contain_v matter_n false_a or_o untrue_o state_v or_o matter_n wherein_o they_o be_v not_o overrule_v than_o they_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o affix_v the_o seal_n for_o that_o will_v be_v to_o command_v they_o to_o attest_v a_o falsity_n a_o bill_n be_v not_o to_o draw_v the_o whole_a matter_n into_o examination_n again_o it_o be_v only_o for_o a_o single_a point_n and_o the_o truth_n of_o it_o can_v never_o be_v doubt_v after_o the_o bill_n be_v seal_v for_o the_o adverse_a party_n be_v conclude_v from_o aver_v the_o contrary_a or_o supply_v a_o omission_n in_o it_o this_o bill_n be_v without_o foundation_n the_o plaintiff_n be_v not_o overrule_v in_o any_o one_o point_n of_o law_n it_o be_v true_a the_o counsel_n desire_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o court_n after_o all_o the_o defendant_n evidence_n have_v be_v hear_v concern_v their_o record_n and_o the_o judge_n do_v declare_v that_o they_o think_v it_o do_v not_o extend_v to_o the_o office_n in_o question_n but_o to_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o crown_n who_o be_v the_o chief_a clerk_n in_o court_n and_o have_v precedency_n and_o the_o grant_v of_o that_o office_n by_o the_o king_n both_o before_o and_o since_o that_o suppose_a act_n prove_v that_o to_o be_v mean_v and_o not_o the_o office_n in_o question_n which_o have_v always_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o chief_a justice_n and_o this_o be_v afterward_o leave_v to_o the_o jury_n here_o be_v no_o cause_n for_o a_o bill_n of_o exception_n the_o judge_n at_o the_o counsel_n desire_v give_v their_o opinion_n upon_o the_o thing_n but_o do_v not_o over-rule_v they_o for_o that_o the_o act_n be_v repeal_v can_v make_v no_o point_n of_o law_n but_o only_o be_v evidence_n for_o the_o jury_n to_o consider_v beside_o this_o act_n though_o repeal_v be_v insert_v in_o the_o bill_n as_o a_o act_n in_o force_n and_o if_o a_o act_n be_v set_v out_o and_o no_o repeal_n appear_v it_o must_v be_v understand_v to_o be_v in_o force_n and_o if_o the_o bill_n have_v be_v seal_v it_o must_v have_v be_v take_v as_o in_o force_n and_o the_o defendant_n can_v not_o here_o upon_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n have_v show_v the_o repeal_n which_o be_v in_o the_o 17_o edw._n 3._o and_o appear_v so_o upon_o the_o evidence_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v infer_v that_o this_o bill_n be_v too_o artificial_a if_o any_o point_n of_o law_n have_v arisen_a upon_o the_o whole_a evidence_n and_o a_o particular_a point_n there_o be_v none_o the_o whole_a aught_o to_o have_v be_v insert_v in_o the_o bill_n or_o at_o least_o all_o that_o which_o concern_v that_o matter_n if_o this_o shall_v be_v allow_v it_o will_v be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o any_o counsel_n to_o destroy_v any_o verdict_n as_o in_o case_n of_o a_o title_n by_o descent_n from_o father_n to_o son_n and_o a_o will_n of_o the_o father_n have_v be_v produce_v and_o prove_v at_o the_o trial_n and_o a_o bill_n have_v be_v seal_v only_o show_v the_o seisin_n and_o descent_n the_o son_n must_v prevail_v though_o he_o have_v no_o title_n this_o be_v enough_o to_o show_v that_o the_o judge_n be_v not_o oblige_v nay_o be_v oblige_v not_o to_o seal_v this_o bill_n then_o it_o be_v argue_v that_o the_o present_a complaint_n be_v beneath_o the_o honour_n and_o beside_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n that_o this_o be_v a_o complaint_n of_o a_o default_n in_o the_o judge_n which_o can_v be_v try_v in_o this_o place_n that_o magnacharta_n be_v make_v for_o they_o as_o well_o as_o for_o other_o that_o if_o they_o offend_v against_o any_o rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n or_o particular_a statute_n whether_o in_o their_o personal_a behaviour_n or_o as_o judge_n they_o be_v triable_a only_o by_o their_o peer_n that_o peer_n be_v only_o such_o qui_fw-la pari_fw-la conditione_n &_o lege_fw-la vivunt_fw-la that_o the_o crown_n and_o constitution_n of_o england_n have_v so_o far_o exalt_v their_o lordship_n in_o their_o state_n and_o condition_n that_o it_o be_v beneath_o they_o to_o judge_v or_o try_v commoner_n that_o all_o power_n and_o privilege_n in_o this_o kingdom_n even_o the_o high_a be_v circumscribe_v by_o the_o law_n and_o have_v their_o limit_n that_o this_o be_v a_o complaint_n of_o a_o great_a crime_n in_o the_o judge_n a_o breach_n of_o their_o oath_n and_o with_o the_o insinuation_n of_o partiality_n to_o one_o of_o themselves_o which_o if_o true_a incur_v loss_n of_o their_o office_n and_o forfeiture_n of_o their_o estate_n by_o fine_a and_o of_o their_o liberty_n by_o imprisonment_n and_o all_o this_o to_o the_o king_n beside_o damage_n to_o the_o party_n grieve_v and_o therefore_o it_o concern_v they_o to_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o law_n that_o this_o come_v not_o regular_o into_o the_o house_n it_o be_v not_o any_o matter_n of_o advice_n to_o the_o king_n nor_o of_o privilege_n nor_o of_o contempt_n to_o this_o court_n because_o the_o matter_n complain_v of_o be_v before_o any_o judgement_n below_o or_o any_o jurisdiction_n can_v be_v attach_v here_o by_o pretence_n of_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n it_o be_v bring_v hither_o by_o way_n of_o complaint_n for_o a_o suppose_a miscarriage_n in_o westminster-hall_n in_o a_o private_a cause_n between_o bridgman_n and_o holt_n two_o commoner_n it_o presume_v the_o lord_n to_o be_v proper_a judge_n in_o the_o first_o instance_n for_o the_o hear_n and_o punish_v of_o all_o offence_n commit_v by_o the_o judge_n and_o that_o in_o a_o summary_n way_n upon_o a_o petition_n and_o without_o that_o due_a process_n of_o law_n which_o be_v establish_v under_o our_o government_n either_o this_o refusal_n be_v punishable_a or_o not_o if_o not_o the_o petition_n ought_v to_o be_v reject_v if_o it_o be_v it_o be_v either_o by_o the_o common_a law_n or_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o neither_o do_v warrant_v this_o practice_n of_o petition_v and_o the_o old_a law_n be_v that_o which_o past_a age_n have_v approve_v and_o that_o by_o which_o justice_n be_v to_o be_v administer_v and_o whatsoever_o be_v do_v by_o way_n of_o judgement_n in_o a_o different_a manner_n than_o the_o law_n allow_v be_v against_o that_o law_n the_o proceed_n in_o this_o manner_n be_v against_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o respondent_o for_o they_o have_v plead_v to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o this_o house_n as_o to_o this_o matter_n etc._n etc._n and_o therefore_o it_o differ_v from_o all_o case_n where_o the_o party_n concern_v have_v answer_v the_o complaint_n and_o thereby_o submit_v the_o same_o to_o a_o examination_n and_o this_o will_v prevent_v the_o force_n of_o many_o precedent_n which_o may_v be_v cite_v on_o this_o occasion_n some_o person_n perhaps_o have_v from_o a_o confidence_n of_o success_n or_o from_o a_o slavish_a fear_n or_o private_a policy_n forbear_v to_o question_v the_o power_n of_o their_o superior_n but_o the_o judge_n must_v betray_v their_o reputation_n and_o their_o knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n if_o they_o shall_v own_v a_o jurisdiction_n which_o former_a time_n and_o their_o predecessor_n be_v unacquainted_a with_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o answer_v the_o pretence_n of_o a_o failure_n of_o justice_n in_o case_n this_o method_n be_v reject_v and_o therefore_o it_o must_v be_v observe_v that_o our_o law_n know_v nothing_o of_o extraordinary_a mean_n to_o redress_v a_o mischief_n but_o that_o upon_o a_o defect_n of_o ordinary_a one_o recourse_n be_v to_o be_v have_v to_o the_o legislature_n and_o to_o that_o only_a either_o to_o explain_v and_o correct_v in_o reference_n to_o thing_n past_a or_o to_o provide_v remedy_n for_o the_o future_a but_o here_o be_v a_o common_a easy_a mean_n of_o relief_n if_o there_o have_v be_v occasion_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n 2_o cap._n 31._o in_o case_n the_o judge_n refuse_v than_o a_o writ_n to_o command_v he_o which_o be_v to_o issue_v out_o of_o chancery_n quod_fw-la apponat_fw-la sigillum_fw-la suum_fw-la and_o then_o a_o writ_n to_o own_o or_o deny_v his_o seal_n by_o 2_o inst_z 426._o the_o party_n grieve_v by_o the_o denial_n may_v have_v a_o writ_n upon_o the_o statute_n command_v the_o same_o to_o be_v do_v juxta_fw-la formam_fw-la statuti_fw-la reg._n 182._o fitch_n natura_fw-la brevium_fw-la 21._o and_o 11_o hen._n 4.51_o 62_o 63._o there_o be_v the_o form_n of_o the_o writ_n set_v out_o at_o large_a it_o recite_v a_o surmise_n of_o a_o exception_n take_v and_o overrule_v and_o it_o follow_v vobis_fw-la precipimus_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la ita_fw-la est_fw-la tunc_fw-la sigilla_fw-la vestra_fw-la apponatis_fw-la si_fw-mi ita_fw-la it_o be_v conditional_a if_o the_o bill_n
only_o the_o signification_n of_o a_o man_n purpose_n how_o his_o estate_n shall_v go_v after_o his_o death_n and_o though_o it_o be_v solemn_o make_v in_o writing_n sign_v publish_v and_o attest_v yet_o if_o he_o do_v any_o intermediate_v act_n whereby_o it_o must_v be_v necessary_o infer_v that_o such_o purpose_n and_o intention_n of_o his_o do_v not_o continue_v the_o consequent_a must_v be_v that_o what_o be_v do_v before_o as_o to_o such_o will_n be_v total_o defeat_v and_o unless_o it_o be_v set_v up_o anew_o by_o a_o republication_n it_o be_v as_o no_o will._n the_o case_n of_o montague_n and_o jeffryes_n 1_o roll_n abridg._n 615._o and_o moor_n 429._o prove_n this_o if_o a_o conveyance_n at_o law_n show_v a_o intent_n different_a from_o the_o will_v as_o to_o land_n it_o will_v be_v a_o revocation_n though_o such_o conveyance_n be_v not_o perfect_a to_o all_o purpose_n hodgkinson_n versus_fw-la wood_n cro._n car._n 23._o it_o be_v a_o revocation_n though_o the_o owner_n shall_v be_v in_o again_o as_o of_o his_o old_a reversion_n the_o case_n of_o lestrange_n and_o temple_n 14_o car._n 2._o report_v in_o sid._n 90._o 1_o keble_n 357._o be_v strong_a but_o this_o be_v strong_a yet_o because_o it_o be_v not_o to_o the_o old_a use_n but_o limit_v in_o a_o different_a manner_n it_o be_v a_o qualify_a fee_n and_o to_o be_v determine_v upon_o the_o qualification_n take_v effect_n and_o so_o can_v be_v the_o old_a estate_n and_o if_o it_o be_v yet_o it_o be_v a_o revocation_n and_o there_o be_v no_o circumstance_n in_o the_o case_n that_o can_v direct_v a_o court_n of_o equity_n to_o differ_v from_o the_o law_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v pray_v that_o the_o decree_n of_o dismission_n may_v be_v affirm_v and_o it_o be_v affirm_v john_n fox_n gen_n '_o plaintiff_n versus_fw-la simon_n harcourt_n arm_n '_o defendant_n write_a of_o error_n on_o a_o judgement_n in_o b._n r._n the_o case_n be_v upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n in_o a_o action_n of_o the_o case_n upon_o a_o indebitus_fw-la assumpsit_fw-la for_o money_n receive_v to_o the_o plaintiff_n use_n bring_v there_o by_o harcourt_n versus_fw-la fox_n which_o verdict_n find_v the_o 37_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 1._o entitle_v a_o bill_n for_o custos_fw-la rotulorum_fw-la and_o clerkship_n of_o the_o peace_n then_o they_o find_v that_o 1_o will._n &_o mar_n entitle_v a_o act_n for_o enable_v lord_n commissioner_n for_o the_o great_a seal_n to_o execute_v the_o office_n of_o lord_n chancellor_n or_o lord_n keeper_n and_o several_a clause_n therein_o concern_v this_o matter_n then_o they_o find_v that_o john_n earl_n of_o clare_n be_v by_o letter_n patent_n date_v the_o 9th_o day_n of_o july_n anno_fw-la 1_o will._n &_o mar._n according_a to_o the_o 37_o hen._n 8._o make_v custos_fw-la rotulorum_fw-la for_o the_o county_n of_o middlesex_n and_o set_v forth_o the_o letter_n patent_n in_o haec_fw-la verba_fw-la then_o they_o find_v that_o the_o office_n of_o clerk_n of_o the_o peace_n for_o this_o county_n be_v void_a the_o earl_n of_o clare_n by_o write_v under_o his_o hand_n and_o seal_n date_v 19_o july_n anno_fw-la primo_fw-la do_v nominate_v appoint_v and_o constitute_v the_o plaintiff_n mr._n harcourt_n to_o be_v clerk_n of_o the_o peace_n for_o middlesex_n for_o so_o long_a time_n only_o as_o he_o shall_v well_o demean_v himself_o therein_o and_o the_o instrument_n be_v find_v in_o haec_fw-la verba_fw-la then_o they_o find_v he_o to_o be_v a_o person_n resident_a in_o the_o county_n capable_a and_o sufficient_a to_o have_v and_o execute_v the_o office_n that_o he_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o say_a office_n and_o before_o he_o do_v so_o he_o at_o the_o quarter_n session_n for_o the_o say_a county_n in_o open_a session_n take_v the_o oath_n require_v by_o the_o late_a act_n of_o this_o king_n and_o the_o oath_n of_o clerk_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o do_v do_v and_o perform_v all_o thing_n necessary_a to_o make_v he_o a_o complete_a officer_n and_o that_o during_o all_o the_o time_n he_o do_v execute_v the_o sald_a office_n he_o demean_v himself_o well_o then_o it_o be_v find_v that_o on_o the_o five_o of_o february_n anno_fw-la tertio_fw-la the_o say_a earl_n of_o clare_n be_v in_o due_a manner_n remove_v from_o be_v custos_fw-la and_o william_n earl_n of_o bedford_n by_o letter_n patent_n date_v the_o six_o of_o february_n be_v make_v custos_fw-la according_a to_o the_o 37_o hen._n 8._o and_o those_o letter_n patent_n be_v also_o find_v in_o haec_fw-la verba_fw-la then_o they_o find_v a_o appointment_n in_o write_v date_v the_o fifteen_o of_o february_n by_o the_o say_a earl_n of_o the_o say_a fox_n to_o be_v clerk_n of_o the_o peace_n for_o the_o say_a county_n to_o hold_v the_o say_a office_n for_o and_o during_o the_o time_n the_o earl_n shall_v enjoy_v and_o exercise_v the_o say_a office_n of_o custos_fw-la so_o as_o he_o well_o demean_v himself_o therein_o they_o likewise_o find_v fox_n to_o be_v a_o person_n capable_a etc._n etc._n and_o that_o he_o take_v the_o oath_n and_o do_v the_o other_o thing_n requisite_a to_o qualify_v himself_o for_o the_o say_a office_n that_o he_o do_v thereupon_o enter_v on_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o say_a office_n and_o during_o the_o time_n that_o he_o execute_v it_o he_o well_o demean_v himself_o therein_o and_o do_v take_v the_o fee_n belong_v to_o the_o say_a office_n which_o they_o find_v to_o be_v to_o the_o value_n of_o five_o shilling_n sed_fw-la utrum_fw-la etc._n etc._n et_fw-la si_fw-la etc._n etc._n et_fw-la si_fw-la etc._n etc._n upon_o this_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n below_o and_o it_o be_v now_o argue_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n that_o this_o judgement_n ought_v to_o be_v reverse_v and_o first_o it_o be_v say_v that_o whatsoever_o the_o common_a law_n be_v as_o to_o ancient_a office_n can_v be_v no_o rule_n in_o this_o matter_n many_o and_o most_o of_o those_o be_v for_o life_n but_o my_o lord_n coke_n say_v that_o the_o office_n of_o chancellor_n of_o england_n can_v not_o be_v grant_v to_o any_o one_o for_o life_n because_o it_o be_v never_o so_o grant_v the_o like_a of_o treasurer_n so_o that_o custom_n and_o nothing_o else_o can_v govern_v in_o those_o office_n but_o here_o can_v be_v no_o pretence_n of_o its_o be_v a_o common_a law_n office_n for_o the_o common_a law_n know_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o justics_n of_o the_o peace_n to_o who_o they_o say_v he_o be_v a_o clerk_n that_o the_o first_o statute_n which_o make_v justice_n have_v no_o mention_n of_o clerk_n but_o it_o be_v mere_o a_o incident_a some_o person_n of_o necessity_n be_v to_o officiate_v in_o that_o kind_n and_o where_o he_o be_v call_v the_o justice_n clerk_n it_o can_v only_o be_v that_o he_o be_v one_o appoint_v by_o they_o to_o make_v and_o write_v their_o record_n for_o they_o and_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o in_o ancient_a time_n he_o that_o be_v their_o clerk_n be_v custos_fw-la rotulorum_fw-la and_o entrust_v with_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o record_n than_o it_o come_v to_o be_v a_o honorary_a thing_n to_o be_v custos_fw-la he_o that_o be_v the_o most_o eminent_a for_o quality_n among_o they_o be_v appoint_v to_o that_o trust_n and_o then_o he_o appoint_v his_o clerk_n under_o he_o for_o there_o be_v no_o ancient_a statute_n or_o law_n that_o empower_v the_o chancellor_n to_o make_v a_o custos_fw-la but_o he_o make_v out_o the_o commission_n of_o the_o peace_n may_v very_o well_o name_n one_o of_o they_o to_o be_v keeper_n of_o the_o record_n and_o to_o have_v the_o first_o place_n among_o they_o and_o such_o person_n may_v very_o well_o appoint_v his_o deputy_n or_o servant_n who_o in_o time_n come_v to_o be_v clerk_n of_o the_o peace_n we_o have_v no_o certain_a but_o this_o be_v the_o most_o probable_a account_v of_o the_o thing_n then_o the_o statute_n of_o 37_o hen._n 8._o recite_v that_o the_o chancellor_n have_v much_o pervert_v the_o institution_n by_o assume_v to_o make_v custos_n for_o life_n and_o so_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o peace_n be_v for_o life_n likewise_o the_o end_n of_o that_o act_n be_v not_o only_o to_o remove_v ignorant_a person_n for_o the_o common_a law_n itself_o will_v turn_v any_o such_o out_o of_o office_n if_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o perform_v the_o duty_n of_o it_o but_o the_o grant_n for_o life_n be_v the_o great_a grievance_n and_o therefore_o to_o remedy_v that_o mischief_n the_o custos_fw-la must_v be_v appoint_v by_o bill_n sign_v with_o the_o king_n be_v own_o hand_n and_o at_o his_o pleasure_n removable_a and_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o peace_n to_o be_v appoint_v by_o the_o custos_fw-la and_o to_o continue_v only_o during_o the_o time_n of_o the_o other_o continue_v to_o be_v custos_fw-la this_o though_o not_o
prefer_v and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o it_o be_v a_o new_a right_n which_o the_o act_n give_v to_o present_v to_o the_o church_n to_o which_o the_o union_n be_v and_o consequent_o it_o must_v be_v take_v as_o it_o be_v give_v and_o so_o be_v it_o hold_v by_o the_o civilian_n at_o doctor_n commons_o before_o the_o chancellor_n of_o london_n and_o several_a assistant_n delegate_n upon_o a_o caveat_n there_o against_o institution_n and_o on_o advice_n of_o the_o lawyer_n the_o king_n be_v presentee_n acquiesce_v and_o never_o bring_v any_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la the_o argument_n now_o be_v only_o as_o to_o this_o one_o first_o presentation_n there_o be_v no_o flat_a contradiction_n between_o the_o use_n of_o the_o prerogative_n and_o my_o be_v patron_n for_o ever_o but_o it_o be_v a_o contradiction_n to_o say_v the_o king_n and_o i_o shall_v both_o have_v the_o same_o presentation_n to_o say_v that_o he_o shall_v have_v a_o prerogative_n here_o be_v to_o say_v that_o he_o shall_v do_v a_o wrong_n to_o his_o subject_n for_o the_o bishop_n can_v have_v no_o other_o than_o this_o one_o presentation_n he_o can_v have_v no_o other_o in_o lieu_n of_o it_o and_o have_v no_o advantage_n or_o recompense_n antecedent_n or_o subsequent_a from_o this_o prerogative_n first-fruit_n and_o ten_o be_v not_o demandable_a from_o this_o parish_n because_o no_o save_v of_o they_o in_o the_o act_n to_o the_o king_n upon_o pass_v the_o act_n it_o be_v know_v that_o in_o the_o commons_o house_n the_o same_o be_v press_v to_o be_v insert_v but_o deny_v and_o the_o clause_n reject_v the_o same_o attempt_n be_v make_v in_o this_o house_n but_o to_o no_o purpose_n in_o other_o act_n for_o the_o erect_v of_o new_a parish_n there_o be_v general_o such_o a_o save_a as_o for_o st._n ann_n and_o st._n john_n of_o wapping_n and_o the_o act_n for_o unite_n of_o parish_n upon_o rebuilding_n the_o city_n have_v a_o clause_n of_o save_v to_o this_o effect_n all_o which_o show_v that_o such_o a_o save_n be_v necessary_a though_o the_o first-fruit_n and_o ten_o be_v former_o enjoy_v by_o the_o pope_n may_v have_v be_v pretend_v by_o construction_n of_o law_n to_o be_v a_o profit_n annex_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o stat._n of_o 26_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 1._o all_o payment_n to_o the_o pope_n have_v be_v prohibit_v by_o 25_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 21._o and_o all_o profit_n and_o commodity_n enjoy_v by_o the_o pope_n thereby_o annex_v to_o the_o crown_n yet_o neither_o that_o act_n nor_o that_o other_o in_o the_o same_o year_n whereby_o the_o first-fruit_n and_o ten_o of_o all_o ecclesiastical_a live_n that_o then_o or_o thereafter_o shall_v belong_v from_o any_o parsonage_n or_o vicarage_n be_v grant_v to_o the_o crown_n be_v ever_o intend_v to_o reach_v this_o parish_n of_o st._n james_n it_o be_v a_o new_a creation_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o because_o in_o the_o act_n no_o first-fruit_n or_o ten_o be_v give_v or_o save_v and_o there_o be_v as_o much_o reason_n to_o argue_v in_o that_o case_n for_o a_o imply_v save_v as_o there_o be_v for_o this_o prerogative_n suppose_v it_o shall_v be_v admit_v that_o a_o presentable_a benefice_n create_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n shall_v be_v subject_a to_o the_o same_o rule_n as_o other_o be_v yet_o that_o will_v not_o reach_v this_o because_o not_o like_o other_o benefice_n till_o once_o present_v to_o it_o be_v a_o peculiar_a singular_a case_n by_o 2_o roll._n abr_n 342._o and_o 1_o inst_z 344._o if_o a_o patron_n present_a to_o a_o donative_n it_o become_v presentative_a ever_o after_o which_o show_v that_o it_o be_v the_o presentation_n which_o make_v it_o presentative_a in_o its_o nature_n now_o here_o it_o be_v plain_o a_o donative_n till_o once_o present_v to_o then_o it_o be_v say_v that_o it_o be_v not_o needful_a to_o engage_v in_o the_o dispute_n whether_o this_o prerogative_n shall_v prevail_v against_o the_o grantee_n of_o the_o next_o avoidance_n according_a to_o woodley_n case_n 2_o cro._n 695._o or_o whether_o that_o case_n be_v law_n for_o that_o the_o same_o be_v plain_o distinguishable_a from_o our_o case_n for_o there_o the_o grantee_n come_v in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o grantor_n quoad_fw-la that_o avoidance_n and_o he_o can_v have_v no_o better_a or_o great_a right_o than_o his_o grantor_n will_v have_v have_v if_o no_o such_o grant_n have_v be_v make_v here_o we_o be_v a_o first_o presentation_n grant_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n suppose_v the_o donor_n of_o this_o presentation_n to_o the_o bishop_n have_v name_v a_o person_n in_o esse_fw-la to_o have_v succeed_v upon_o the_o death_n or_o avoidance_n of_o dr._n tennison_n no_o man_n will_v pretend_v that_o this_o prerogative_n shall_v have_v prevent_v he_o the_o reason_n give_v in_o the_o book_n cite_v for_o that_o case_n of_o the_o grantee_n of_o the_o next_o avoidance_n be_v that_o the_o patron_n can_v not_o grant_v more_o or_o otherwise_o than_o under_o the_o contingency_n of_o this_o prerogative_n sure_o they_o will_v not_o say_v that_o the_o king_n lord_n and_o commons_o be_v such_o feeble_a qualify_v restrain_a donor_n then_o the_o parliament_n be_v the_o donor_n the_o prerogative_n insist_v upon_o and_o the_o express_a gift_n to_o the_o bishop_n be_v contradictory_n and_o repugnant_a and_o can_v both_o be_v fulfil_v it_o be_v no_o argument_n to_o say_v that_o if_o a_o vacancy_n have_v be_v in_o the_o see_v and_o the_o temporalty_n in_o the_o king_n hand_n than_o the_o king_n must_v have_v present_v and_o not_o the_o bishop_n and_o that_o will_v have_v contradict_v the_o act_n as_o much_o as_o this_o for_o that_o have_v be_v the_o same_o as_o if_o the_o bishop_n have_v present_v himself_o for_o the_o king_n during_o that_o time_n be_v in_o loco_fw-la ordinarij_fw-la to_o say_v that_o the_o bishop_n of_o london_n have_v no_o more_o right_a by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n than_o a_o grantee_n of_o the_o next_o avoidance_n have_v by_o the_o common_a law_n this_o sure_o be_v no_o very_o close_o reason_v for_o there_o be_v some_o difference_n between_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o here_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o have_v the_o king_n consent_n give_v a_o particular_a and_o express_a right_n and_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n may_v as_o coke_n say_v alter_v change_n annul_v abridge_v diminish_v qualify_v enlarge_v or_o transferr_v any_o common_a law_n nay_o it_o have_v the_o common_a law_n and_o the_o prerogative_n too_o under_z its_z control_v upon_o the_o whole_a it_o be_v conclude_v that_o by_o this_o judgement_n a_o new_a prerogative_n be_v affirm_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o this_o be_v extend_v to_o a_o turn_n after_o a_o commendam_fw-la which_o may_v be_v a_o prejudice_n to_o all_o the_o patron_n in_o england_n 2._o it_o destroy_v and_o make_v useless_a the_o plain_a and_o express_v word_n and_o mean_v of_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o give_v the_o first_o presentation_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o london_n and_o 3._o it_o confirm_v the_o old_a non_fw-fr obstante_fw-la doctrine_n of_o commendam_n which_o have_v always_o be_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o church_n wherefore_o it_o be_v pray_v that_o the_o say_a judgement_n may_v be_v reverse_v on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o be_v argue_v that_o this_o judgement_n ought_v to_o be_v affirm_v for_o that_o as_o to_o the_o first_o pont_n though_o it_o have_v be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o new_a thing_n and_o ground_v upon_o late_a precedent_n yet_o it_o have_v be_v so_o often_o adjudge_v that_o it_o do_v not_o now_o deserve_v a_o debate_n it_o be_v solemn_o settle_v in_o wright_n case_n and_o upon_o consideration_n 2_o roll_n abridg._n 343_o 344._o 3_o cro._n 526._o moor_n 399._o that_o though_o many_o ancient_a authority_n have_v be_v lose_v yet_o in_o brook_n presentment_n all_o esglise_fw-fr 61._o there_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o ely_n for_o it_o and_o as_o to_o the_o old_a precedent_n there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o recourse_n to_o they_o because_o continual_a usage_n have_v be_v with_o the_o king_n in_o this_o matter_n a_o settle_a opinion_n for_o a_o hundred_o year_n be_v sure_o enough_o to_o declare_v the_o law_n as_o to_o this_o particular_a this_o be_v sufficient_a evidence_n to_o prove_v this_o right_n in_o the_o crown_n there_o be_v no_o judicial_a opinion_n against_o it_o the_o reason_n for_o this_o prerogative_n be_v because_o the_o king_n by_o the_o exercise_n of_o his_o prerogative_n in_o the_o promotion_n have_v make_v the_o avoidance_n and_o it_o be_v but_o change_v one_o life_n for_o another_o and_o possible_o the_o patron_n be_v as_o near_o the_o have_v another_o presentation_n as_o before_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o this_o be_v none_o of_o the_o prerogative_n mention_v in_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr prerogativa_fw-la regis_fw-la but_o