Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	church_n	king_n	religion_n	6,583	5	5.6955	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A81938	Geographia universalis: the present state of the whole world giving an account of the several religions, customs, and riches of each people; the strength and government of each polity and state; the curious and most remarkable things in every region; with other particulars necessary to the understanding history and the interests of princes. Written originally by the Sieur Duval, Geographer in Ordinary to the French King; and made English, and enlarged by Ferrand Spence.	Duval, P. (Pierre), 1619-1682.; Spence, Ferrand.	1685 (1685)	Wing D2919A; ESTC R229216	199,644	399

the Gulph of Venice It pays eighteen thousand Sequins of annual Tribute to the Grand Seignior for liberty of Commerce in the Levant The City which seems to have succeeded to the ancient Epidaure is pretty well fortify'd and very populous It has the Title of an Archbishoprick its Inhabitants who addict themselves for the most part to trade are Roman Catholicks In the year 1667. it received a great loss by an Earthquake It s Principal Harbour is that of St. Croix which is three Leagues distant from it Its Ships are pretty numerous well known in the Seas of the Levant as its Caravans be in the Dominions of the Turks in Europe He who commands the Republick of Ragusa is called Doge or Rectour he is assisted with the Councel of a hundred Senators his Government lasts only a Month. The Governour of the Castle is changed every day wherein one of the Nobles enters to command in his turn Their Gentlemen must marry Gentlewomen if they mean their Children should be acknowledged to be of the Ragusian Nobility The Revenue of the Republick is five and twenty thousand Crowns The Country above the Town is not over fertile full of Rocks and Stones if it bring forth any thing it is by the means of the Forreign Earth which they cause to be brought thither which is done with such care and such success that the Coast makes a Beautiful Prospect of Vineyards Orange Trees Lemon Trees and Pomegranates The Neighbouring Islands which are of the dependance of Ragusa are also very pleasant The Turks have some sort of inclination for the Ragusians by reason they pay punctually their Tribute and that by their means they are provided with all the Commodities of Europe which they stand in need of They give them Priveledges which they seldom grant to other Christians Of the Brittish Islands THese Islands consist in two great and several small ones Great Brittain and Ireland are the two great the small are all in the Neighbourhood of Great Brittain the Hebrides Orcades Shetland which depends on the Crown of Denmark in the sea of Scotland Man Anglesey the Sorlingues in the Irish Sea Wight Guernsey Jersey in the Channel Formerly Great Brittain went under the Name of Albion by reason of its Rocks all along the Sea which seem white It now comprehends two Kingdoms that of England and that of Scotland the union whereof gave occasion to King James to stile himself King of Great Brittain and at the same time the design of stifling the partialities which were between the two Nations The English were not very well satisfyed with this change since thereby their Name became the less famous The Brittish Islands had to the number of Nineteen Kingdoms England had seven of them Wales three Scotland two Ireland five the Isle of Man made one the Isles near Scotland another All this now is under the Crown of England Several places and Islands in the East and West Indies are also subject to it whereof we have made mention in the Article of Europe Of England ENgland was so called by the English an ancient People who dwelt on the confines of Germany and of Denmark the Name of Saxony Trans-marine was given it by the Saxons Before it was called Lhoegria and then Scotland went under the Name of Albania and Wales that of Cambria During the decay of the Roman Empire the Saxons and English invaded Great Brittain with main force and near Bedford gained a signal Victory over the Insularies who were constrained to abandon their Countrey Several Brittons retired into Wales others passed into Brittany in France where they setled the British Tongues by the help of their Country Men whom the Romans had already lead thither to support their pretensions to the Empire King Arthur one of the last Brittish Kings who dyed in the year 542. is the same whom so many Fables be told of and to whom is attributed the institution of the Knights of the round Table The Victors that is to say the Saxons and the English raised a Wall towards the West of England to mark the Bounds of their Conquests and at the same time made a Law by which all the Brittons should have a hand cut off who were found with a Sword on this side the Wall In the year 450. and the following there were formed seven Kingdoms Kent Sussex Essex West-Sex East-Anglia Mercia North-Humbria A little after that Charlemagne was acknowledged Emperour of the West all these Monarchies were reduced into one by King Egbert who dyed in the year 837. The Successours of this Egbert having been troubled by the Danes the last of them declared his Heir William Duke of Normandy to whom the Conquest of England brought the Name of Conquerour Thus England has had Soveraigns of six several Nations of the Brittons Romans Saxons English Danes and Normans These last have established there the Principal Laws the King who now reigns is James the 2. England is a greater Kingdom more fertile and populous than is either Scotland or Ireland It is the most considerable of any State in the Ocean It produces Corn and Fruits in abundance the best Tin in the World is transported thence Wool Cloaths Hides and other Commodities both excellent and in great plenty neither is it wanting in excellent Liquors The English Horses Dogs and Cocks are in high esteem all over the World No Wolves have been seen there since the general hunting which destroyed them almost all by the means of permission Criminals had of redeeming their Lives with the Heads of those Animals Gunners and Dogs were for sometime kept upon Frontiers of Scotland to hinder the Wolves ' which were hunted out from returning into England The great respect that is paid to Ladys in this Realm has given occasion to the saying that England is the Paradise of Women the Purgatory of Servants and the Hell of Horses The English for the most part are well proportioned and of a generous Nature They have had so great an Antipathy to the Scots that Edward the 1. the same who was preferred before his Eldest Brother by reason of the Beauty of his Body recommended that after his Death they should boyl him until they parted his Flesh and his Bones that they should bury his Flesh and carry his Bones along to the War against the Scots The English are owned Soveraigns of the Ocean and have made those States and Potentates to repent who have dared to dispute their Right to that Title Their Countrey is compared to the Tortoise in the shell who has all his Defences collected The acquisition of some Places by the allyance with Portugal has obliged them to extraordinary expences The Spaniards have a Proverb with all War and Peace with England The general Religion of the English is the reformed the King of England is the Head of the Anglican Church where of the Principal Members are the Bishops who compose the House of Lords with the other Peers This

The Seine Loire Garone Rhosne in France The Danube Rhine Elbe Oder in Germany The Vistule and Nieper in Poland The Volga and Dom in Moscovy The Thames Trent Severn in England The Tay in Scotland The Shennon in Ireland We may consider the State of Europe according to their Titles without having regard to their Rank and say that there is the Patrimony of the Church Two Empires Germany and Turkey Seven Kingdoms each with its King who acknowledged yet no Superiors England France Spain Portugal Suedeland Denmark Poland this Elective Eight Electorates Mayence Treves Cologne Bohemia Bavaria Saxony Brandenbourg the Palatinate One Arch-Dutchy which is Austria Two Great Dutchies Moscovy Tuscany Six Dutchies besides those in the Empire Lorrain Savoy Mantua Modena Parma Courland Four Principalities which pay Homage to the Turks Transylvania Walachia Moldavia lesser Tartary Seven Republicks Holland Suisserland Venice Genoa Lucca St. Marin Ragusa A great number of Principalities and Imperial Cities in Germany enjoy Sovereignty in their States but owe Fealty to the Emperor The Christian Religion is the most received in Europe for which reason some give it the Name of Christendom By the Cares of the Europeans the Faith has been Preached and Established in America Africa and Asia Besides the Roman Catholicks the Protestants and the Reformed there are in Europe several Sectaries Mahometans and Idolaters in some Countries of the North. The Roman Catholick Religion is for the most part where is us'd the Latin Tongue The Schisms where they speak the Sclavonian Protestanism where the Teutonick is in use Judaism wandring in most parts of the World is tolerated in some Cities It has been particularly banish'd out of France Spain and Portugal Some who have undertaken to make the supputation of the Parts of the Earth Discover'd according to the Religions that are receiv'd up and down have said that if those Parts were divided into thirty Christianity would have five of them Mahometism six and Paganism nineteen In Europe are reckon'd four Principal Tongues the Teutonick the Latin the Greek and the Sclavonian The Teutonick is of three sorts German in Germany Saxon in England and Scotland Danish in Denmark in Sueden Norway and Ireland The Latin Tongue is receiv'd in Italy France and Spain The Greek was formerly of four sorts Attick Ionick Dorick Aeolick The Sclavonian is currant amongst the Sclavonians Bohemians Polanders Moscovites There are seven other less considerable Tongues the Albanese Cossack Hungarian Finlandish Irish British and Bask. The Cossack has affinity with that of the lesser Tartary the Finlandish is receiv'd in Finland and Lapland the Brittish in the Principality of Wales and in Brittany of France Amongst the Ancient People of Europe the Greeks have won the Prize for Sciences and the Roman for Arms In the last Ages its Western Nations have excell'd in Navigation The Present State of the Countries Fortresses and other Places which the Europeans stand Possess'd of in the East and West-Indies EVrope at first had but two Nations who in the last Age and towards the end of the Age before undertook with success Voyages of a long course and who afterwards sent Colonies into those Lands they had Discover'd the Spaniards towards the West the Portugals towards the East They obtained from Pope Alexander VI. a Donative of all the undiscover'd Lands The other Europeans were not satisfied with the over-Prodigal Liberality of this Sovereign Pontiff the English share therein the French and Hollanders were willing to have their share therein Since which there have been divers changes in several places of those Countries the rigour which the Spaniards and Portugals have used to exclude other Nations having only promoted their own Destruction The French have in Canada 1. Mont-real the three Rivers Quebec Tadousac upon the Great River of St. Laurence Accadia Port-Royal St. John Pemtagoet near the Sea the Isle of Cap-Breton in the Isle of Terra-Nova Plaisance the Bay of little Niort 2. In the Antilles Islands St. Christopher's in part the other part belonging to the English St. Bartholomew St. Croix St. Martin Guadaloupe la Desirce Mary-Galant the Saints Martinick St. Alousie Grenade the Grenadins The Tortuse and several Colonies in the Western Part of the Islands of Hispaniola called San-Domingo 3. In the Terra-firma of Southern America upon the Coast of Guayana the Isle of Cayene The Colony of Corou Coonama Comaribo 4. The Commerce of the Coast of Africa upon the Rivers of Senega of Gambia at Rufisque near Cap-Verd at Grand-Sestre at Ardre in several places of Guinea 5. The Fort Dauphin in the Isle of Madagascar The Isles of St. Mary of Bourbon of Diege-Rois Countoirs or Staples at Suratte at Souali and other Places of the Mogul Near Nazul-Patan at Rezapour at Siam in the Kingdom of Tunquim at Bantam in the Isle of Java and other Places The Spaniards possess the greatest and best part of America where they have a great number of Towns 1. In the Northern America New-Spain the Isles of Cuba Hispaniola the French have setled themselves in the Western part of Hispaniola Porto-rico St. Augustin St. Matthew in Florida a part of new Mexico 2. In Southern America la Castille d'or otherwise called Terra-firma Peru Chili Paraguay which comprehends the Countries of Tucuman and la Plata The Isles of Salomon in the South Sea 3. In the Coast of Africa upon the Ocean Larache the Canary Islands 4. Towards the East most of the Philippine Island called Manilhes They have a part of the Molucco Islands which they have abandoned and the Hollanders have not failed to make advantage of their so doing The Portuguese have 1. All the Coasts of Brasile in Southern America where are the Capitanias of Peru Maranhaon Ciara Riogrande Paraibe Tamaraca Pernambuco Seregippe Baia de Todos-os-Santos los-Isleos Porto-Seguro Spiritu-Santo Rio-Janeiro and San-Vincente Towards the Mouth of the Amazon the Places of Estero Corduba Cogemine 2. In Africa Mazagan upon the Coast of the Kingdom of Morocca Some Forts upon the River St. Dominick a Branch of the Niger upon the Coasts of Guinea of Congo of Angola Habitations in the Isle of St. Thomas The Isles Terceres Madera Porto-Santo Cap-Verd of the Prince of Fernando Pao of Annabon 3. Several Places in the East-Indies in Cafreria the Castle of Cofala the Village of Sena a Factory with a small Fort at the Cape of Corientes strong Houses of Cuama and on the Rivers of the Coast In Zanguchar the City and Castle of Mozambick with the Fort of St. Mark Factories and small Forts of Angoxa and Quilimane The Castle of Quiloa a Factory in the Isle Monfia The Town and Castle of Mombaze the Castle of Melinde with the Villages and Factories of Pata and Ampaze The Traffick in all the Coast of Africk from the Cape of Good-Hope to the Red-Sea in the Isle Zoeotora at Aden at Fartach at Bassora In Persia half of the Revenue of the Isle of Baharem of Congue the Traffick to Bender-Rich

Parliament is very different from those of France besides the House of Lords there is that of the Commons called the Lower House The principal Rivers of England are the Thames Severn and Humber which do not encrease by the Rains the neighbouring Lands being sandy There be reckoned one and fifty Counties called Shires each of those Counties is distributed into hundreds into Tithings or Tenths They may be considered according to the four Regions of the World and this division is much the same with that the Romans made when they were Masters of the Country The Southern part of England is along the Channel where be the best Harbours of the Kingdom Canterbury and Bristow be there considerable the first upon the account of its Archbishopwrick and of its Primacy the second for its Commerce Ships arriving there at full Sail. Rochester is the usual Station of the Kings Ships which are called men of War Frigats Yachts Salisbury has a Metropolitan Church wherein are reckoned as many Doors as there be Months and as many Windows as there be days in the year Windsor is a Royal Castle near the Thames where the Ceremonies of the order of the Garter are generally performed Dover is known for its strong Castle for Peoples embarking there for Calice Dunkirk and Ostend for the Neighbourhood of the Downs under whose shelter the Ships that are bound towards the East and towards the South may wait safely for Winds fair for their Voyage Hastings is a place where in the year 1066. William the Conquerour gained a full Victory over Herald the 2d the last Danish King who was killed upon the spot with above sixty thousand of his Men. Portsmouth Southampton Plimouth have very good Ports The Eastern part has this advantage of having London the Capital of all the Realm one of the Greatest Richest and most Populous Cityes in the World by the means of its greatest traffick It s Scituation is upon the River of Thames where it receives the noblest Ships of the Universe its Bridge is three hundred and thirty Paces in length The Pastures and Meads round about would make a most pleasant Prospect and Landskip if the Smoak of Coals which is commonly burnt there did not raise a continual Cloud Norwich is one of the best Cities and most populous of all the Kingdom Yarmouth sees the fishing of Herrings performed in its Neighbourhood where at Michaelmas is held a fair for that purpose Cambridge one of the most famous Universities in the World Harwich a famous Port. The Countrey round about was the abode of the Icenians whose Queen Bodicea put to Death a great number of Romans in the time of Nero and preferred a glorious Death before an Ignominious Slavery Towards the midst of the Realm is Oxford with one of the four most famous Universities of Europe wherein there is thirty three Colledges that of the University has a Library full of very curious Manuscripts unless it be that of the Vatican there be few in the World that have any so fine Gloucester is commonly the appanage of the third Son of the King of Great Brittain It is near the Severn near the Isle of Aldney where was formerly fought a singular Combat between Edmond Ironside King of the English Saxons and Canute the Dane who at length divided the Kingdom between them after having fought a long while without being able to have any advantage over one another Chester is accompanyed with a Sea-Port where People embark for Ireland At Worcester was the Defeat of the Kings Army in the year 1651. by the Rebels York in the Northern part is the second City of the Kingdom and the Title of the Kings second Son Lancaster is a County Palatin famous for its ancient Family The two Houses of York and Lancaster gave a great deal of trouble to England during above a hundred years by the fatal Faction of the White and Red Rose New-Castle and Hull have the conveniency of the Sea The Country about New-Castle is full of Mines which afford Coals so necessary to the Inhabitants of the City of London and the best Crayons of Europe The refusal that was made at Hull of receiving King Charles the 1. was one of the Principal Motives of the War between his Majesty and the Parliamentaryes Barwick and Carlisle have some Fortifications Penrith keeps the round Terrass which is said to have been King Arthurs Table Between Hull and Newcastle there be the Ports of Brilington and Scarborough The Principality of Wales is the Title of the Kings Eldest Son it has few good Cities Bangor was there formerly a famous Abby where above twelve hundred Monks lived on what they earn'd by working Milford is reckoned one of the finest Havens of Europe by reason of its Sinuosities which form as many good Ports The Isle of Anglesey which is near it was the abode of some Druids and the retreat of those who in Great Brittain would not submit to the Romans It is called the Nursing Mother of Wales by reason of its fertility It s City of Aberfrau served formerly for abode to the Kings of North-Wales Of Scotland THis Kingdom is the ancient Caledonia which was called Scotland from the Scots a People who made a sharp War upon the Romans and obliged them to make entrenchments against their Incursions principally under Adrian and under Severus The Name of Albany has been sometimes given to all this Kingdom whereas it is now peculiar to one of its Countys which the Inhabitants call Broad Albiny Some Scotch Authors make the Name of Scotch come from the ancient Scythians for the showing their Predecessours in the Higher Antiquity Scotland is of a cold Temperature its Gulphs Lakes and Mountains hinder its Provinces from being over Fertile The Inhabitants are of the reformed Religion Popery having been there abolish'd under King James the 6th But the many Scots which Sprung up with the Reformation produced there many Troubles and occasioned most of the disorders which in our time we have seen in the Kingdoms of England Scotland and Ireland There be still at this day Phanaticks who call themselves the Sweet Singers of Israel and are retire into the Mountains and into the Woods though they be hardly able to subsist there The Southern Scots live much after the same way as the English the Northern are wedded to the ancient Customs and not over careful of neatness in their Repasts The Scotch Nation has for a long while been in esteem for Valour and Fidelity the most Christiam King St. Lewis and his Successours the French Kings have trusted them with the Guard of their Royal Persons and made allyance with Scotland This Kingdom is now the most ancient in the World it is said to have been above two thousand years hereditary with a Succession of about a hundred and ten Kings The Power and Revenues of the King of Scotland are rendred much more considerabbe since his Majesties Restauration and his re-stablishment in the Power