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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A17967	The thre bokes of cronicles, whyche Iohn Carion (a man syngularly well sene in the mathematycall sciences) gathered wyth great diligence of the beste authours that haue written in Hebrue, Greke or Latine Whervnto is added an appendix, conteynyng all such notable thynges as be mentyoned in cronicles to haue chaunced in sundry partes of the worlde from the yeare of Christ. 1532. to thys present yeare of. 1550. Gathered by Iohn Funcke of Nurenborough. Whyche was neuer afore prynted in Englysh. Cum priuilegio ad imprimendum solum.; Cronica. English	Carion, Johannes, 1499-1537 or 8.; Funck, Johann, 1518-1566.; Lynne, Walter.	1550 (1550)	STC 4626; ESTC S107499	318,133	586

❧ The thre bokes of Cronicles whyche Iohn Carion a man syngularly well sene in the Mathematycall sciences Gathered wyth great diligence of the beste Authours that haue written in Hebrue Greke or Latine ✚ Whervnto is added an Appendix conteynyng all such notable thynges as be mentyoned in Cronicles to haue chaunced in sundry partes of the worlde from the yeare of Christ 1532. To thys present yeare of 1550. Gathered by Iohn Funcke of Nurenborough ¶ Whyche was neuer afore prynted in Englysh Cum Priuilegio ad Imprimendum solum ●o the moste excellente Prince Edwarde the syxte by the grace of God Kyng of England Fraunce and Irelande Defendour of the fayth and in earth immediatly vnder God supreme head of the church of Englande and Irelande your graces humble and obeysaunt subiect Gwalter Lynne wysheth aboundance of all grace and Godlynes wyth a long and prosperous raygne COnsyderyng that the knowledge of thynges past most excellent prince is most necessarye for such as woulde passe ouer the tyme to come in a decent and Godly order and that the greatest nombre of youre Maiesties people doo not vnderstande other languages then theyr naturall tounge I haue thought it my duetye beynge one that spendeth all hys tyme in the settynge forth of bokes in the Englyshe tounge emongest all other to set forth thys shorte Cronicle Wherein is briefly declared all that is nedefull to be knowen concernyng thynges done in tymes passed The learned haue 〈…〉 the latyne tounge and therfore my laboure maye seme the lesse profytable vnto them But yet yf my knowledge would haue serued me to haue translated it as eloquētly as it is written in latyne I doubt not but the learned also myghte haue founde some swetnes in my laboures And not wythstandynge my rudenes most excellent Prynce I trust your maiestie wyll after your accustomed clemencye accept my good wyll whyche thynge I do not doubte shall encourage all faythfull englyshe men to embrace my laboures and gather the fruytes of the same To prayse the worcke which being set forth to be reade of all men wyll prayse it self were but a labour halfe loste for such a thing nedeth no prayse but is so manifestly good that all men that reade it shalbe forced to prayse it Other prayse therfore I wyll not geue it but that it is a worcke worthy the name of so excellent a prynce as your mayestye is and therfore worthy to be embraced of all your faythfull subiectes Whyche thynge I most hartely wyshe to come to passe to the glorye of God your Maiestyes honour and the profyte of all your faythfull subiectes Sobeit Your Graces humble subiect and dayly Orator Gwalter Lynne ▪ The 〈…〉 ●eadynge hystoryes ALthough the readyng of Hystoryes be profytable to euery man in generall for many causes as we hereafter shall declare yet doth it chyefely belonge to kynges and great men And hystoryes maye worthely be called theyr bokes because that the knoweledge of them is profytable and necessary for all them whyche are ordeyned to rule a commune welth For not onely the Heythen hystoryes do make euery where much mentyon of prynces but also the hystoryes of holy scrypture For besyde that the holy scryptures do make mentyon of the wyll of God and of hys worde and also of Christes spyrytuall kyngdome they teache also of polityke administration and set forth manye notable examples whych are necessary to be knowen in the gouernaunce of a commune weale and by the whych the myndes of Prynces may be sturred and inflamed to the endeuour of ryght pryncely vertues The hystoryes of the Heythen declare of the ofsprynge and begynnynge of great realmes and for what causes alteracyons and great chaunges do befall in realmes besides that they do conteine also preceptes of vocatyens and powres by the whych commune weales be stablyshed and preserued And for thys cause chefely are hystoryes worthy to be called the bokes of great prynces and lordes Seinge now that it is necessary that euery man had nede of two maner of powers namely the politike or external and beside this by the faith and drede toward God the examples of ether of them are propoundid and set before vs in the histories And that we maye first speake of ciuil powres Princes and all suche as are set to gouerne greate thynges must fyrste and chefelye considre and beholde those examples and histories by the which they maye be admonished howe they also maye faithfully behaue themselues in gouerning a cōmune weale In this must they set befor them the examples of good princes and kinges and must learne of them by what meanes wyth what vocacions chefely they haue vsed in gouernynge or rulinge empyres that they haue had respect to nothinge saue only to the commune profyt that they haue only considered and exercised iustice and equite that they haue punished greueously sinne that they haue not warred for euery cause but that they haue oft kept peace by the polytyque forberynge of iniuryes Also in theyr defence they were of a doughtye and stronge courage they haue vsed great gentylnesse and loyalte towarde the goode and peaceable Fynallye they haue endeuoured to enuyrone their realmes wyth stronge fortresses and greate powre besyedes the anauncemente of Godlynesse and goode maners In the examples of tirauntes must they marke y e contrarye namelye that theyr endes were full of miserye and by reason of theyr crueltye per●y●yous and soo there happened deadly alterations in the commune weale Of thys wyse is it euident that Pharao peryshed by reason of tyranny and for lyke cause were the Romane kynges dryuen out Oftymes also haue Princes vndone themselues ech other by reason of pryde enuy or hatred the whych somtyme grew of a thynge of no value Lyke as Pompeius had no cause to oppresse Iulius Cesar saue only enuy The lawes of y e Graccyans amonge the Romanes do beare wytnesse that newe alteracyon or chaunge doeth oft geue occasyon of cruell warres Nother hath the Turkysh empyre hys ofsprynge by any other occasyon saue by heresy and dissentyon of learnynge and doctryne of the fayth Daungerous conspyracyons cause oft tymes that kyngdomes are ouerthrowen the whyche wytnesseth the example of the Athenians whyche loste theyr gouernaunce and goodes by reason of such leagues as they had made To obserue and marke such thynges in readyng of hystoryes doth greatly auayle them that beare rule that thereby they maye learne to beware in theyr gouernaunce lest any suche lyke do befall For such cases do dayly befall Yea though the persons do somtyme chaunge in cōmune welthes neuerthelesse so much as is concernynge the equalytye of mattiers the worlde is and alwayes abydeth lyke to hymselfe Wherfore Thucydydes whych was excellent both in knowledge of Martyall affayres and had himselfe endured a great contynuall warre the which he him selfe wrote wyth dyuers other thinges said most truely Histories is a treasure which neuer ought to be layde out

ease allthough by the reason of theyr foolyshe Phantasyes and hardened hartes they coulde not nor yet woulde not perceyue it vntyll they were vtterlye destroyed For notwythstandyng that the sayed syege pressed them and an horrible and importunate famine as was mencioned before in the last yeare reygned among them Yet were they by the comfortable persuasyons of theyr false Prophetes so hardened that they mynded nothynge lesse then to yelde by the Towne and saue theyr lyues notwythstandynge that thereunto they were often tymes requyred wyth lyberall and gracyous promyses But contrary wyse they defended themselues the longer the fearcer and shot out of the Towne with ordinaunce as though the deuell had bene among them to the great auoyaunce of their aduersaries in so muche that not a fewe valiaunt warriours in the Campe were slayne with their ordinaunce And to declare the madnes of the said Anabaptistes I haue thought it mete not to omitte a folysh acte done by a certayne woman among them Forasmuche therfore as they within the towne had this opinion of the saied towne of Mynster that it was that new Ierusalem mencioned in the Apocalipse thorough the whiche all the heathen should be destroied so that the christians should reigne in peace a thousand yeres whiche sayeng although they must be vnderstande spiritually were they expounded by them carnally the said folysh woman would counterfette the acte of Iudith which slewe holofernes and deliuered her Citie Wherefore she made her boaste that if she myght be costely arayed and decked she woulde go furth if she were permitted into the hooste of her aduersaries and easely ouercome the byshop Whyle nowe the kyng the other in the town were so foolysh and made not only to beleue her but also to further her in the said affayres trustyng that their deliueraunce was at hand she went out and behaued her selfe in all pointes as though she had bene escaped and fled out of the citie But her dissimulacion beyng espied perceyued she was taken and brought before the Byshop and after her confession rewarded wit death accordyng to her deseruyng For asmuche nowe as the saied craft and practise bad no good successe the Anabaptistes within the citie ought to haue consydered that there was no fortune in their doyng seyng they were yet oppressed to the vttermost But they dyd herein resemble the Iewes in their last destructiōat Ierusalem for the more God plaged them with famine and dissention among them selues the more hard harted and stifnecked they were vntill at the last one escaped priuely out of the saied citie and brought in certaine of the byshops souldiours at the gate called the holy crosse gate which souldiours after they had slain the watchemen opened the gate and so made away into the citie for the other Thus was the citie of Mynster taken in again and deliuered from the powere of the Anabaptistes at the feast of S. Iohn the baptiste in the night And the next day folowing whatsoeuer would make any resistaūce being slayn with the sworde the kyng with his chief counsayllours craftyng and knipperdulling were taken prisoners These three were aftewarders for the space of certayne monethes caryed about in the countrey from place to place for a spectacle and example to all men And at the last on S. Vincentes day in the yere of our lorde MDxxxvi they were put to death with fyry tonges and their dead bodies hanged vp in yron baskettes or grates out of the steple of S. Lamberts Churche within the saied citie of Mynster the kyng in the middes somewhat hyer then his said two coūsailers for a perpetual memoriall and warning to all commocioner raysers of tumulte rebelles against y e lauful magistrates ordeined of God Thus toke this kyngdom of the Anaba pristes a shameful ende according to their desertes In Denmarke raged the duke of Oldenborough with the capitaines of Lubeke as he had begonne the yere before but the moste part of the germayne counsayll chose Christiane Duke of Holston to be kyng in Denmarke desyring hym to assiste them against the saied duke of Oldenborough and them of Lubeke While nowe the said request was easy to be graunted and the said duke of Holston had taken Iudland in possession all ready whiche is no small porcion of the kyngdome of Denmarke abutting vpon the lande of Holstone he passed with his army into the Ile of Funa ▪ otherwyse called Fion and ouercame the citie of Asnites But when the duke of Oldēborough with them of Lubeke assaulted him with an hoost of men well appointed both on horsebacke and on foote the said Christian obtayned the victory so that the duke of Oldēborough lost much people where among other was slayne Iohn count of Hoya and an Erle of Teckelburgh in Westphale and euen the same daye whiche was the .xi. daye of Iune they of Holstone toke from them of Lubeke an Armada of shippes and put the men of Lubeke whiche they founde in the same in captiuitie In somuche that the said Christiane had the ouerhande on euery syde whiche was vnto him a witnes from God that he should be kyng in Denmarke In Hungary and Austrich were diuers louedayes kept betwene Ferdinando and Iohn Weyda kinges of Hungary and the Turkes imbassadour to wete if Hūgary might be brought to apeaceable estate neuer theles there was nothing concluded that was notable and profitable Also in this yere 1535. there was a mariage cōcluded betwen y e king of Poles the king of Boheme For Sigismonde kyng of Poles maried Sigismūde his sonne to Elisabeth the daughter of Ferdinando kyng of Bohemy whiche in the yere of oure Lorde MDxliij folowyng was celebrated with great solempnitie as shalbe mentioned hereafter in place conuenient In the moneth of Nouember the second day the duke of Mylan departed out of this world And immediatly after Frauncis the Frenche kyng prepared hym selfe with all his power to recouer the dukedome of Mylan and entred into the land of Sauoy whereof ensued great warres the yere next folowyng in those quarters Frederike Duke of Baier Palatine by the Rene now electour imperiall toke to wyfe the right excellent princesses Dorothee daughter to Christierne late kyng of Denmarke whiche he had begotten of Izabel syster to Charles themperour the solempnitie whereof was kept at Bruxelles in Brabant In England in the moneth of Iune the byshop of Rochester and Sir Thomas More which had bene lorde chauncellour of Englande and in great aucthoritie vnder the kyng was beheaded for denieng the kyng to be supreme heade of the churche of Englande And in this yeare were there thre monkes of the Charter house executed in Englande for the same offence In the partes of Shlesy about and within the the towne of Olse arose the same yeare on Sainct Gyles day an horrible tempest in suche sorte that the bookes whiche were newely prynted were taken out of the Iewes houses

gaue a newe onset and without any notable fyght discomfited the Scottes and obtayned the victory At this tyme were slayne of the Scottes betwene thirtene and fourtene thousand and not passyng an hundred Englyshemen After Mich●lmas a Parliament was holden in England wherein chaunteries were geuen into the kynges handes to be altered and disposed at hys pleasure It was also ordeined that the sacrament or communion should be receiued of all men vnder bothe kyndes of breade and wyne This yere also anone after the kynges coronatiō Maister Hughe Latimer a famous preacher who had bene long detayned in miserable captiuite for y e Gospels sake by the procurement of the Popishe by shoppes was deliuered and set at lybertie In this yere the last day of Marche Fraūcis the Frenche kyng ended his lyfe in the .xxxiii. yeare of his reigne after that he had admonyshed his onely sonne Henry of the thynges pertaining to his kingdome and commended hym to true officers and seruauntes After whome succeded the same Henry being the seconde of that name His body was caried after .x. dayes to the brydge of S. Clodoalde and from thence to the suburbes of Paris into the Churche called the virgine of the fieldes where by the commaundement of the kyng were brough the bodyes of Frauncis the Dolphyne Duke of Britaigne who dyed in the yere of 1536. before in the moneth of August And of Charles his brother Duke of Orleans whiche dyed in the yere of our lorde 15 45. in the moneth of September that they myght accompany the body of their father to his buriall And so were the sayde thre bodyes brought with great pompe and solempnitie into the Churche of the blessed virgin at Parys and from thence to S. Denis where they were buried the body of the father being layde betwene his sonnes This Frauncis the Frenche kyng was hyghly commended for diuers singular giftes bothe of the mynde and of the body wherewith he was endued but chiefly for his humanite and clemencie whiche he vsed towardes all men He was beneficiall to mē endued with vertue and liberall to men of lernyng For by his benefite were the Latine Greke and He brue tonges restored agayn to their puritie in Fraūce whereof he entertained norished publike professours ordeining for them most ample stipendes ▪ his other actes are here omitted to auoide prolix●●e In the moneth of December at Paris was S. Michaels bridge broken by the great power violence of the waters so that the East part thereof fel downe quite the houses which were built theron were ouer throwen with a great parte of them that were annexed vnto them IN the yere of our Lorde 1548. in the moneth of Iuly themperour sent an army of Spanyardes priuely to inuade the citie of Conitaunce ▪ while the legates of Constaunce that were sent to August vnto themperour to intreate for peace were not yet retourned homewarde For he intended quite to extinguish the citie because they professed y ● Gospell Wherfore the sixt day of August early in y ● mornyng the said army inuaded y ● citie ouercame the basse towne which ioyneth to y ● great bredge cōmonly called Peter housen When this was obtayned and ouercome at their first assaulte some fell to spoiling and rouing some to deflouring of virgin●s and honest matrones some gat thē to the bridge and there made a bartaill with the citesens whiche were constrained to re●ule back into the citie being ouerpressed with the multitude of their enemies vnto whō they barred y ● gates of the bredge The bridge was ful of Spanish warriours against whō the citesens could nothing preuayle vntil many peces of artillery whiche kept the bridge being losed by chaunce but yet not without the will of God per sed the gate ouerthrewe the enemies put thē in such feare y t they fled euerychone setting the bridge on fyre also Peterhousen least the citesens should haue folowed pursued after them So that Constaunce sawe in one daye y ● iuste punishmēt of pride the singular benefite of God towardes his electe would to God they had not vnthankefully forgotten this great benefite Themperour after that he had in Germany set all thinges in ordre propounded a certain fourme in religion after the prescripte whereof they should liue while a counsaille were decreed hauing committed the Landgraue of Hessen in safe custody re retourned into Flaunders bringing with hym the Duke of Saxon captiue Thither came Leonora Themperours sister late Quene to the Frenche king departed This yere Maximiliane the first sonne of Ferdinandus king of the Romaines toke to wife themperours daughter This yere also y ● king of Spayne leauing his brother Maximiliane as gouernour in his absence departed out of Spayn into Italy went frō thence to Trident into Germany so at y ● last came into Flaūders to his father thēperour The same yere towardes the spring time the first begottē sonne of y ● Turke which was gone ouer to y ● king of y ● Persiās because he thought his brother should be by his father promoted before hym to the Empyre assembled an army of Persianes and made insurrection against his father and inuaded the borders of Turkie nere vnto the lande of Persia and had ouercome many places vntyll his father beyng armed with fyue hundred thousande souldiours came thither and caused the Persianes being striken with feare to recule But they hauyng set on fyre all the townes and villages by the whiche they fled the space of fyue dayes brought their enemy whiche folowed and pursued after them too greate pennury in so muche that an hundred thousande of his men being dead thorough pouertie famine and pestilence he was constrained of necessitie to returne thither agayne from whence he came ▪ A certayne king in Aphrica toke Argieres and the other places there about with certayne castels and strong holdes whiche themperoure vsed for the defence of Spayne and also certaine strong holdes in the coastes of Portingall towardes the sea occeane In Englande at Easter was there a great coniunction of rustikes in Cornuall by p●pysh priestes There was also great disputation in the Parliamēt that yere for putting downe of the masse And Images were put downe in al churches thorough out Englande to auoyde Idolatry This yere the last daye of Iuly Stephen Gardiner byshop of Winchester in Englande was committed to the Towre of London for papisme and this sedicious opinion that the kynges maiestie in his minoritie or none age coulde not make or ordeine any lawes in his Realme as did Iosias other godly vertues princes and gouernours in their dominions This yere the mariage of priestes was graunted lawfull in England by the Lawes of God to the vtter abolyshement of all Papisticall sodomitry This yere in august was a great insurrection of rustikes at Norwiche one kite a rustike beyng their

Capitayne ▪ and the .xxvij. daye of August it was ended foure thousand beyng slayne the victory geuen through goddes grace by the handes of Iohn the noble Erle of Warwyke At the same tyme the Cornysh and Deuonshyre men were ouercome and very many of them slayn besydes many of their gentilmen taken This yere also Bonner byshop of London was put from his byshoprike for his stubborne Popyshnes the first day of October and for certainte obstinate articles cōmitted to the Marshalsee the people muche reioysyng at it In this moneth the Duke of Somerset was cōmitted to the toure to the great lamentacion of very many In this moneth also died the Pope of Rome called Paule the thyrde This yere the weke before Whitsontide thre honest marchauntes and a younge lad beinge honest mens sonnes of Brunswyke yourneyed from Andwarpe to Brunswyke there to heare at that feast goddes word preached And as they rode on Whitson euen after midnight halfway betwene Celle Brunswyke on a heath ouer gainst a certayn farme they nor yet Christ hymselfe dyd knowe namely howe a man can serue twoo maisters at ones God and the wicked worlde Item howe we can be good Christianes yet knowledge not Christ nor helpe hym to beare his crosse yea rather persecute hys poore membres God geue vs grace to knowledge his son ne a ryght suffre paciently all miuries and endure to the ende that he may also at the great and fearefull day of the lorde knowledge vs before hys heauenly father and hys vniuersal churche and before all hys aungels Amen IN the yere of oure Lorde 1550. the xix daye of Ianuary Capitayne Gambolde who was Capitayne of the Spanyardes that serued the kyng of Englande in his warres and an other Capitaine was slayne without Newe gate in an euenyng by a Spanyarde whiche was taken and hanged the. xxiii● daye of Ianuary and thre more with hym the .xxviij. day of the same moneth was Humfrey arundell and Bury with two other mo drawne hanged and quartered for because they were the these capitaynes and mayntayners of the rebellion among the Cornyshe and Deuonshyre men The sixt day of February came the Duke of Somerset out of the Tower with greate reioyiyng of muche people In the same moneth went out of Englande certayne lordes of the counsaill to Buileine where certayne of the Frenche counsayll met with them and after long consultacion had and dyuers metynges betwene them there was a generall peace conciuded whiche peace was proclaimed the .xxix. daye of Marche folowyng Also about the .xxv. day of Apryll folowyng the towne of Bullayne with the fortresses thereto belongyng was delyuered by the Englyshemen into the Frenchemens handes The second daye of May was brent at London in smythfielde a certayne woman called Ione Boocher otherwyse called Ione of Barkyng for the horrible heresy of the Apellites Cerdonians proclianites Valentinians Manichees Timotheans Apolinarianes Nestorianes sedicious Anabaptistes of our tyme whiche she helth commen with all them of a set wilfulnesse for all those hereticall patriarkes was she sure to haue as maisters and doctours of her pernicious errour that Christ toke no fleshe of the virgine as largely apeareth in the cronicles About this tyme there were certayne lyght persones pretendyng a newe commotion in Kent but they were apprehēded and dyuers of them for that trespas hanged It is sayde that this yere the .xxi. daye of Marche in the countie of Carinte besydes the Lande of Bauariam Austryche by and aboute a lyttel towne called Claghenforth it rayned corne out of the element by the space of two houres which rayne stretched in lenght .vi. Germayn myles and in breedth halfe a Germayne myle in some places so that the sayd corne beyng some white and some browne lay in some places the thickenes of an hand broade vpō the groūde Whereupō the people of the lande came and gathered of the sayde corne and brought it to the mylles and baked thereof good sauery bread the significacion of whiche mistery is reserued to God alone to whome be honoure glory and prayse in all thynges for euer and euer Amen This yere the kyng of Spayne went home agayne out of Flaunders This yere also there was a cruel proclamatiō set furth by the vniuersitie of Louayne in the name of the Emperoures Maiestie for the persecution of the faithfull Christianes condempning al maner of scripture bookes as well Bibles as other in what tonge so euer they were written or translated that had bene printed within the space of .xxx. yeres before with moste extreme death prosecutinge all the fauourours of the doctrine set furth by Martine Luther Iohn Ecolampadius Hulderike zwinglius Iohn Caluine or their ad herentes and condempning them for heretikes and their doctrine for moste pernicious and pestilent heresy without any probable argumentes or good reasons After this themperoure went vp agayne into Germany The ende of this cronicle The conclusion THus haue I Christen reader brefe●● comprehended the principall Storie ● whiche I haue founde and thought necessary as they haue bene done here there thoroughout Christendom these xviij yeres last past Howe be it if ought seme to be omitted and left out whiche is a thyng that may lyghtely chaunce to any man I beseche you that it be not interpretated in the worst parte cōsideryng that I haue done my diligence to set furth y ● truthe Wherfore yf I haue bene truely infourmed it is wel Also if it fortuned y ● in the sayd Story were made mēcion of any man vnto whō it might apeare that iniury were done vnto hym in that he is not so muche cōmended as some other woulde therefore be angry let hym remembre i● at the faulte is not in me but in hymselfe For it becometh an historiographer or Story writer to declare the truthe in all thynges Wherfore if men vse honestie their prayse shalbe the more but if they walke inordinately they deserue no prayse at all For the actes and histories that are written ought to edifye and profyte them that come after that they maye thereby learne what ought to bee eschued and what to be folowed whiche thynge without sure and certayne declaracion of the truth can not be done Therefore let suche men be angry wyth them selues yf they bee greued at the matter consideryng that they haue done nothyng and ●thy of commendacion And let them from henthe ●rth endeuoure them selues by honest conuersathe si● and Christen behaueour to couer their shame God● then shall all thynges be counted vnto them cōu●●endable for somuche as euery thynge that is past is rather imputed to the tyme and to fortune then to the will of the person when the same is perceiued and knowen to haue forsaken the euyll whiche he vsed in tymes past and to folowe honestie and goodnes And although I haue abstayned from all that myght be tedious and bitter as muche as the truth myght suffre