it a wrong to History But he never conceived an Historian might be freer then in his description of the siege of Hierusalem From whence he takes occasion to speak of the Originall and Manners of the Iews so profusely and so far deriving them even from Saturn heaping so many several things together Of Moses Of that Peoples Religion Of their Meats Of the Sabbath Of Circumcision Of the Eternity of the soul Of Balsom Of Brimstone and other specialties as if he wrote the History of that Nation And yet Tacitus keeps within compasse if you compare him with Sallust that is so frequent in Excursions Nay he himself doth not dissemble it For having taken a large and indeed unnecessitated scope at last â—ounding a retreat he sayes But I have gone too carelessely and too farre being nettled and vexed at the Manners of the Town Now I come to the matter Nor did he keep to it for all this but in the division of the King dome between Iugurth and Adherbal he amply discourses of Africa and its Inhabitants from their very beginning Again licentiously inveighing against the Manners of Rome he copiously relates the causes of Faction between the Senate and the People and with a check for his own flying out he brings himself again into the way Yet what he adds to this Digression upon the By concerning the Leptitans exceeds the other by many degrees For having mentioned the citie of Leptis when he had spoken of its Founders of its situation and Language he wheels about and for a Corollary brings in an old History not at all appertaining to the Leptitans For sayes he because following the businesse of the Leptitans I am come into this Region I think it not amiss to set down a noble and memorable action of two Carthaginians Which told neither sparingly nor timorously he goes on again But why do I quote so many Presidents when that one of Catilines Conspiracy evidently shews what liberty a Historian may assume the Writer whereof so freely digresses and hath so many Out-lets and Parergons that the additionall Matter is much more then the fourth part of the Historie Which being granted ours likewise in case it be any where redundant will I hope be fairly interpreted by the Readers As likewise that which I have not forborn whilst I compare the ancient with the modern times that is like to like Which as I am not ignorant the Latines seldome do so I know it is familiar with the Greeks Indeed Polybius not more properly the Writer then Master of History whilst he at large compares the Form and Situation of Sicily with Peloponnesus the Fleets of Carthage and Rome with those of Antigonus Ptolomey Demetrius and others of former Ages whilst he resembles the Republicks of Rome and Carthage to generous birds fighting even to their last breath to omit the rest of the same kind which if you read but his first Book will presently occurre truly he needs not fear that goes in the steps of so authentick an Example Thus having rightly premonished and prepared Thee I will no longer stay Thee at the Threshold of my Work The Historie of the LOW-COVNTREY WARRES The first Book I Enter upon the Historie of a Warre doubtfull whether to call it The Warre of the Low-Countrey-men and the Spaniards or almost of all Europe For to this hour we see it manag'd by the Arms and Purses at least by the Designes and Counsels of so many Nations as if in the Low-Countreys onely the Empire of Europe was to be disputed Wherein many I presume will be concerned to read what their Countrey-men what their Kinsmen have acted in the field The rest though unconcerned may yet desire to know from whence a few Belgick Provinces have had the confidence and strength to fight for threescore years together with a most Potent King on equall terms from whence upon the coast of Holland out of a few fisher-boats there hath sprung up a new State which growing daily stronger in Arms will now brook no Superiour by Land and can have none by Sea That in mighty fleets have sent Plantations to the remotest parts of the Earth That by their Ambassadours making Leagues with Princes carrying themselves as not inferiour to Kings have got a Principality more then ever Europe knew From whence the Belgick soil among the continuall tempests and storms of Warre such as in far shorter troubles have laid other Regions waste and barren affords so great plentie of all things as if the place were as violently bent to maintain a War as the People so that directly you would think Mars onely travels other Countreys and carryes about a running Warre but here seats himself Some indeed have fancied the King of Spain out of Policy to spin out the Low-Countrey War for as a Prince the great body of whose Empire must be spirited with a great soul they conceiv'd he trains his Militia in these Provinces afterwards to dispatch them as the Turk doth his Ianizaries into severall Climates As if his enemies should not be taught in the same school and sure it were more to his advantage their arms should rust with idleness then shine with exercise The Emperour Charles the 5th Prince of the Low = Countreys Ro Vaughan 〈◊〉 Onely thou O God of Peace and Warre for aswell the writers of as the actours in business ought to begin with Prayer do thou guide my mind and pen that not trusting in Prudence that sâ—arches humane secrets but in Wisdome that assists thy throne I may perfect a History worthy the purity of life which I profess equall to the greatness of the work I have designed nor lesse then the exspectation that hath long since called me forth THe bloudy Warre that grievously distempered Europe still continued between the Emperour Charles the fifth and Henry the second King of France to whom their fathers with their Crowns had left their enmities and animosities But Mary Queen of England immediatley upon her marriage with Philip Prince of Spain began seriously to mediate a Peace and followed it so well as this year 1555. the Emperours and Kings Commissioners met at Callice and though the exspected Peace was not then concluded yet there was laid a foundation for Peace in a five years truce Then the Emperour calling his son Philip out of England resolved to execute what he had long determined the resignation of his Crowns and be Authour of a Prodigie unknown in Princes Courts When he might reign to give it off This secret divulged through the Low-countries brought men from all parts to Bruxels and on the twenty fifth of October the day appointed for meeting of the three Estates the Knights of the order of the Golden fleece and the Magistrates The Emperour in the great Hall of his Pallace commanding Philip King of England Maximilian King of Bohemia and Emanuel Philibert Duke of Savoy to sit on
Spanish triumph for immediately he took Calice which Port the Kings of England used to call The Portall of France and so long as they enjoyed it they said They wore the keyes of France at their girdle being all the remainder of their two hundred years conquest that was kept by the Englishmen upon the continent of France which Kingdome in a few dayes they were forced to restore to its ancient bounds retiring to their own within the Sea But shortly after the Die of War ran on the Spanish side For King Philip perceiving the French Army to be divided proud of their number and success having in hope devoured all the Low-Countreys he himself divided his own forces part he sent against Paulus Termus burning and spoyling the Sea-coast of Flanders under the Command of Lamorall Count Egmont the gallantest of all the Low-countrey-men who was Generall of his Horse at the battel of S. Quintin and a great cause of the victory The other part of his Army he sent into Savoy to attend the motion of the Duke of Guise Count Egmont fighting a battel before Graveling a port of Flanders with great valour and fortune won the day For whilest the old souldiers of both Armies fought doubtfully for sometime on a sudden the French gave ground and lost the battel for ten English ships as they sailed by seeing the fight struck into the mouth of the river of Hay and with their Cannon so galled the French on that side where they held themselves to be impregnable coming upon them with such an unexspected and therefore a more dreadfull storm from sea that the Foot being disordered their fear was infused into the Horse so as their Army being routed there scarce remained one of the whole number to carry home news of the overthrow For part were sâ—ain in the fight the Duke and his great Officers taken prisoners the rest were either knocked down as they swam by the English besides two hundred taken alive and presented to the Queen for witnesses of their service at the battel or by the Boors in revenge of the plundering and firing of their houses killed without mercy To their misfortune was added that the reliques of the Army scattered in places they knew not about Flanders had their brains beaten out by the women that came upon them with clubs and spits and which is a more dangerous weapon armed with the furie of their sex some almost railing them to death others pricking their bodkins into them with exquisite barbarity pulled them to pieces with their nayls as the Bacchanals tore Orpheus Thus Henry of France loosing two battels in one year seeing his old souldiers slain and which is of fadder consequence the noblest of his subjects taken prisoners which are the strength of the French Militia He willingly embraced that peace which so long as fortune smiled upon him he had sleighted And King Philip moved by the accession of Calice to the Kingdome of France and his experience of the War had the like inclination to Peace Just as we see after the clouds have fought and are broken the Sun breaks forth nor ever shines a greater hope of Peace then when a War is seriously prosecuted fury being as it were glutted and weary with the slaughter The honour of this Peace was attributed to Christiern Dutchess of Lorain mediating between the two Kings as cosen-germane to King Philip and by late affinity gracious with King Henry Nor is it unusuall to employ that Sex in such transactions for it is held a point of Civility to yield to their solicitation The news of this Peace which after long dispute opened it self with the Spring in the city of Cambray was received with so great a joy of the Christian world weary of the tedious War that higher expression of contented minds are scarce recorded in the memory of man They that compared this peace with that concluded between the fathers of these Kings above thirty years before mediated likewise by Princesses and concluded where this was in the Town of Cambray a place destinated as it seems for peacemaking shall find then no common joy because divers Princes were not parties to the League and the warr in Italy still continued Whereas all the Princes of Europe being equally comprehended in this Peace an equall joy spread it self through all nations filling every mind with great hope of long friendship between the Kings which afterward fell out accordingly A Marriage was likewise made the better to confirm the Peace which notwithstanding continues among Princes no longer then ambition suffers it to which for the most part Kings are more truly married King Philip Mary Queen of England being dead the year before was offered a wife that had been promised to his son Charles Prince of Spain Isabella King Henries daughter eleven years of age who because she was born when the peace was begun with England and married to make a peace with Spain they called the Princess Peace In like manner Emman Philibert married King Henries sister Margaret and had in portion with her all those towns beyond and on this side the Alps which France the first and Henry himself had taken from him But never did France celebrate so joyfull a Wedding with so sad a close Among other preparations there a Tournament that is fearfull pleasure and an honourable danger wherein one cannot think them to be in jest that fight nor to fight when they see all intended but for sport It is an exercise the French exceedingly affect and they account it noble as being a bold and warlike nation The Lists now set up and scaffolded like a stage were filled with the best Tilters in Christendome for France challenged Europe at the breaking of a spear The two first dayes the King himself ran and had the Victory but when he came the third time in all his glory into the Lists against the advice of the Lords encountring the Captain of his Guard before his Bever was down a splinter of his Launce flying in his face struck out his right eye and shooting into his brain the Queen and Queen-mother with the Kings children beholding those unfortunate Revells he presently fell in a swound and being caught in mens arms the whole stage running bloud which but now rung with joyfull acclamations and applauses suddenly turned into mournings and lamentations The fifth day after this Prince no less valiant then religious and every way worthy a better fate departed his life And before the eyes of an infinite multitude which it seems he had proudly invited to his own funerals he acted to the life without scene or fable the Tragedy of mortall happiness They say one that cast his nativity as these kind of Predictions are commonly produced after the event foretold this very accident For Queen Katharine of Medices desirous to know the fate of her children of
the Astrologer Gauricus he answered her the Kings head would be endangered by a Duell Others say the very night before his misfortune the Queen had the manner of his death presented in her dream But some who wisely observed not without admitation of Divine justice that the King who in the beginning of his Reign gave way to a serious Duell between two young Gentlemen of great families and with the Lords of his Court sate to behold it should in an unfortunate mock Duell loose both his life and Kingdome Howbeit he was then penitent for the fact and had made a vow never after to allow of any more such fighting and if in this last Tournament he sinned in the vain ostentation of his strength no doubt but he abundantly redeemed it in that admirable and Christian constancie of his soul in her extreamest agony Sure he had contributed much to the religious meekness of the French if he had buried this barbarous Recreation in his tomb This year that I may enlarge my History a little was fatall if we may so call it to many and great Princes that dyed one after another especially since no contagion reigned among the People very few vulgar corpses being then buried yet in the compass of one year most of the Lords of Europe were entombed There dyed the Emperour Charles the fifth and Henry the second of France Christian King of Denmark and Christiern also King of Denmark the last onely surviving four and twenty dayes Queen Elianor sister to Charles the fifth married first to Emmanuel King of Portugall then to Francis the first of France Mary who followed her brother Charles the fifth within less then a moneth and a Queen of England of that name and Bona Sfortza mother to Sigismund Augustus King of Poland the other two were wives to Kings one to Lodowick of Hungary the other to Philip the second of Spain There died Pope Paul the fourth attended by the funerals of ten Cardinals two Princes Electors the Archbishop of Cullen and the Prince Palatine Laurentius Priulus Duke of Venice and Hercules Este Duke of Ferrara not to name inferious Princes whose continued Obsequies filled the Annual Register so as that season seemed to be Deaths greater Harvest when he cropt the heads of Nations as Tarquin struck off the Poppy-heads King Philip therefore having now concluded a Peace departed with his Queen from Savoy into Italy for King Henries death had altered no part of the agreement and before his going into Spain to take possession of his Kingdomes he thought it best to settle not onely the Civil and Military but likewise the Ecclesiasticall State of the Low-Countreys Belgica by Forreiners called Flanders from the noblest part of it and the Low-Countreys from the low situation or as the Germans will have it from affinity with their language and manners is known by the name of the lower Germany it is indeed a little parcel of Europe as not much exceeding the fifth part of Italy nor above a thousand miles in compasse yet I hardly know any Countrey more rich or populous The Prince making as much of Flanders as the Kings of England set by the revenues of the Church used to do of that large Island It containeth Cities or Towns equall to Cities above three hundred and fiftie great Villages to omit the lesser above six thousand three hundred besides Forts that stand so thick as if the ground were sown with them Yet the ingeniousness of the People and their contrivance is such as their variety and plenty of manufactures are more then can be used in the narrow bounds of this one Nation The world hath not a more industrious richer or constanter Militia so as Mars seems here to set up school and teach the Art of War to people that come hither from all climates Then what unknown sea-coasts and Regions beyond the Line hath not the Hollander discovered as much as Nature by Land contracts their limits so much by Sea have they opened to themselves larger Countreys which they have subdued and peopled extending as it were the Suburbs of the seventeen Provinces The Cloth and Stuff they make not onely fill as great as it is all Europe but far and wide through every Nation of Africa and Asia they daily bear about the Low-Countreys Nay the West-Indians trucking for their Linen and Woollen have learned the names of the Low-Countrey cities To conclude we seldome at this day admire the workmanship of any Engines which the Low-Countrey men have not either invented or brought unto perfection Heretofore their wits were indeed kept under and depressed when their fortune was as low as their Countrey Now there is an other age and other manners Their love to learning their skill in Sea-fights their gainfull trade of Navigation the well-ordering of the Common-wealth by themselves created their stupendious Fire and Water-works proofs of no dejected natures are scarce any where to be matched I am sure so many together are not to be seen in all the rest of Europe as in this little plot of the Low-Countreys It is likewise proper to this Nation if left to themselves to hate fraud and by that credit which they know they themselves deserve to measure others They are not greatly taken with presents at least not long using benefits like flowers that please while they are fresh their sense of injuries is the same which they presently forget and easily pass over unless they conceive themselves sleighted then their fury is implacable They have likewise a shrewd guess of their own strength seldome undertaking any thing they do not compass Yet no people under heaven drive on a subtiler traffick either by Sea or Land inhabiting both the Elements and not obliged by the Laws of either In this they exceed that how great soever their gains or losses are a Common case with Merchants they passe it over with so little and dull a sense of joy or grief as you would think them factours for others not owners of the goods I suppose out of the native temper of their minds and the air of their Countrey that quickens them with colder spirits But in maintaining their liberty they are very fierce for they hold it an honour to undervalue all things in respect of that wherein they sometimes come nearer to licentiousness then liberty The whole Region of Belgica is divided according to their own calculation into seventeen Provinces which not long ago were either by affinity or traffick or arms associated under the Government of one Prince Philip was the first of all the Dukes of Burgundy under whose protection many more Belgick Provinces put themselves then ever submitted to any other For Burgundy Brabant Flanders Limburgh Lucemburgh Artois Haynolt Namurs Holland Zeland Frizeland the Marquisate of the sacred Empire were solely in his possession To these his sonne Charles
with prayers and humiliation ibid. informes the King of France of the Hugâ—nots preparations ibiâ— and the Emperour of the Low-countrey-mens Petition that was to be presented at the Diet ibid. she enlargeth the Militia of the Low-Countries ibid. 141. puts rubs in the Way of Lewis of Nossau l. 5. p. 142. writes to his Majesty what the Covenanters had done ibid. admits not the Covenanters with their new Petition ibid. Grants them nothing l. 5. p. 143. sends Commanders to Bolduc or the Bus to settle the Commotion l. 6. p. 2. Commits the Expedition to Count Mâ—gan ibid. prevents the Designes of Thâ—lose ibid. sends Beavor to fight him who defeats Tholose l. 6. p. â— Commands the Valencenians to receive a Garrison l. 6. p. 5. upon their refusal Declares them Rebels l. 6. p. 6. anticipates the plot of those of Torney and Armiater l. 6. p. 7. subdues them both ibid. besiegeth Vâ—lâ—nciens by Norcarmius l. 6. p. 8. takes it l. 6. p. 10. forceth the Governours of Provinces and the Lords to take an Oath of fidelity to the King l. 6. p. 11. punisâ—eth Brederod that refused it ibid. p. 12. and Hoâ—â—strat ibid. sends Bertius to the Prince of Orange ibid. refers the Maestrichters to Norcarnius l. 6. p. 15. why she would not condescend to the Bishop of Liege that interceded for them l. 6. p. 16. the Bus fears her Forces ibid. she denyes pardon to the Antwerpers unlesse they render the Town l. 7. p. 17. enters Antwerpâ— a kind of Tryumph ibid. p. 18. restores things Sacred ibid. orders the Civil State Ibid. is hardly won to adoâ—â— the Embassadours of the Heretical Princes of Germany ibid. what Answer she gave them ibid. p. 19. she Commits to Prison the chief of the Covenanters taken by her Souldiers ibid. puts Garrisons into the Townes rendred l. 6. p. 20. fines them ibid. Designs Forts to be built ibid. re-adotnes the Catholick Churches ibid. destroyes the Heretical Temples ibid. restores all the Low-Countries to their ancient tranquillity ibid. she holds it necessary for the King to come in Person into the Netherlands l. 6. p. 21. endeavours to perswade him from his preparation of Armes against the Low-Countries l. 6. p. 27. takes Begen op Zoom in the Kings name as soon as she hears of the Marquesse of Bergens death l. 6. p. 28. is troubled at the Newes of the Duke of Alva's coming ibid. pleased again with the Kings Letters l. 6. p. 29. makes ready a Fleet to meet the Kings in his Voyage for the Low-Countries ibid. makes publick supplications for his prosperous Expedition ibid. she is offended with the Duke of Alva's too large Commission l. 6. p. 31. humbly intreats the King to discharge her of the Government ibid. what she thought of Egmont and Hornes Captivity l. 6. p. 34. she prayes the King to Licence her Departure from the Low-Countries ibid. â—n the interim she is very vigilant in the Civil administration ibid. by her Edict stayes the Low-Countrey men that were leaving of their Native Soyl Ibid. Conceives another Edict in favour of the French Embassadour ibid. receives power from the King to leave the Low-Countries l. 6. p. 35. rites to the Estates of the Low-Countries ibid. w 36. and to the King concerning herself and the present Condition of the Netherlands and in commendation of the Low-countrey-men ibid. surrenders the Government to the Duke of Alva l. 6. p. 35. the Ceremonies used at her departure by the Neighbour Princes and Cities l. 6. p. 37. and by the Low-countrey men themselves ibid. she leaves the Netherlands ibid. 〈◊〉 Annual Pension given her by the King the great love shewed towards her after she was gone ibid. the Low-countrey-men desire her again ibid. l. 7. p. 69. the King Resolves to send her with her Son Alexander into the Low-countries l. 9. p. 47. Margaret of Austria daughter to the Emperour Maximilian the first and to Mary Dutchesse of Burgundy betrothed to Charles the Dolphin of France l. 1. p. 15 21. And so Charles the fifth mediates and makes a Peace betwixt him and Francis l. 1. p. 12. Governesse of the Low-countries l. 1. p. 21. she breeds up the Governesse Margaret of Parma ibid. Margaret Farneze Princesse of Montua l. 9. p. 44. Margaret Sister to Henry the second of France marryeth Emmanuel Duke of Savoy l. 1. p. 13. goes into Italy l. 1. p. 26. Margaret of Vallois sister to Francis the first of France wiâ—e to Alibret King of Navarre l. 3. p. 55 57. how she came to hate the Pope l. 3. p. 55. the Ostentation of her wit ibid. what she did to advance Heresie in France ibid. p. 63. she undertakes the Patronage of the Hereticks l. 3. p. 55. dyes a Catholick ibid. Margaret of Valois sister to Charles the ninth goes to the Spaw l. 9. p. 34. her marriage with Henry King of Navarre l. 7. p. 76. Margaret Vangest mother to Margaret of Austria l. 1. p. 20. her Birth Education and Beauty ibid. the Emperour falls in love with her ibid. Mary Queen of England marryed to Philip the second Prince of Spain l. 1. p 3. l. 3. p. 71. A five years Truce by her endeavors concluded between Charles the fifth and Henry the French King l. 1. p. 3. she purgeth her Kingdome of Heresie l. 2. p. 36. her Death l. 1. p. 12 13. Mary of Austria sister to Charles the fifth l. 1. p. 3. l. 5. p. 106. wife to Lodwick King of Hungary l. 1. p. 14. l. 1. p. 21. Governesse of the Low-Countries ib. l. 3. p. 52. l. 6 p. 3. for her love to hunting called the Foresttresse l. 1. p. 21. she educates Margaret of Parma ibid. resigns the Government of the Low-countries l. 1. p. 5 11. the Emperour used her to move that his son Philip might be King of the Romans l. 1. p. 5. she goes with her brother to Charles the fifth into Spain ibid. her beloved Villa l. 9. p. 57. her death l. 1. p. 14. Mary of Burgundy wife to the Emperour Maximilian l. 1. p. 16. killed with a fall as she was hunting l. 1. p. 21. Mary Daughter to Charles the fifth Governs Spain l. 7. p. 43. her grief conceived upon the Commitment of Charles Prince of Spain l. 7. p. 46. Mary Cocquamb mother to Margaret Vangest l. 1. p. 20. Mary Princesse of Portugall daughter to Iohn the third of Portugal and wiâ—e to Philip the second of Spain l. 4. p. 92. Mary Princesse of Portugall daughter to Prince Edward Grandchild to King Emmanuâ—l l. 4. p. 91 92. designed for wife to Alexander Farneze Prince of Parma ibid. her Nobility ibid. her Wit and Litterature Ibid. Sanctity of Life ibid. precisenesse of Chastity ibid. she weighes Anchor from Portugal ibid. 93. is persecuted with a tempest Ibid. why she would not send one to salute the Queen of England ibid. she Courts an Heretical Lady Ibid. arrives in the Low-countreys l.
sing Prayers He often read Saints lives and discoursed of holy things more frequently then he accustomed he washed out the stains of his Conscience by Confession of his sinns and are the bread of Angels though sometimes not fasting for which he had a dispensation by reason of the weakness of his stomack granted by the Pope Nay with a discipline of platted cords so much prevailed the example of others and a mind once conquerour over it self he put himself to constant sharp penance for his former life Which Discipline King Philip ever had in great veneration and a little before his death commanded it to be brought to him and as it was stained in the bloud of Charles his father he sent it to his sonn Philip the third and they say it is still preserved among the pious monuments of the House of Austria Lastly upon occasion of those funerall Obsequies which he celebrated for his Mother on the Anniversary of her decease a new desire set him a longing if it were lawfull to celebrate his own funeralls advising hereupon with Iohn Regula a Father of the Convent and his Confessour when he told him it was though without president yet a pious and meritorious act he commanded immediately that all funerall preparations should be made A Herse was therefore set up in the Church torches lighted and his servants in black stood about it the Service for the dead being mournfully sung by the Religious men He himself surviving his own funeralls beheld in that imaginary last office the true tears of his attendance He heard the Hymn wishing him happy rest among the Saints and he himself singing with them prayed for his own soul till coming near him that officiated and delivering him the torch he held lighted in his hand with eyes lifted up to heaven he said Thou great Iudge of life and death I humbly beseech thee as the Priest takes from me this wax-light I offer so thou at last in thine own good time wilt graciously please to receive my Spirit which I commend into thy hands arms and bosome Then as he was in a loose mourning garment he lay down upon the floor all the Church beginning to weep a fresh and as he had been laid forth to take their last farwell It seems the Emperour by these feigned Rites plaid with approaching death for two dayes after his personated Obsequies he fell into a fever which by little and little consuming him the Archbishop of Toledo gave him all the supplies by the Christian Church appointed for the struggling soul and the Monks that came frequently out of their Cels into his Bed-chamber prayed God to send their Guest a happy convoy to the mansion of the Blessed and on the Eve of the Evangelist S. Matthew in the eight and fiftieth year of his age whereof he onely lived two years with a great sence of Piety and Religion he departed this life His death was attended with conspicuous signes in Heaven and Earth For a while after he sickned there was seen a blazing star in Spain at first somewhat dimm but as his disease increased so it grew in brightness and at last shooting its fiery hair point blank against the Monastery of S. Iustus in the very hour the Emperour died the Comet vanished Nor happened this without admiration in the Emperours garden sprung a Lilly which at the same time put forth two buds The one as it is usuall blowing in the Moneth of May The other though as well watered gave no signe of laying its great belly all the Spring and Summer but that night wherein the Emperours soul put off the garment of his body the Lilly suddenly breaking her Challice with an unseasonable and unexspected Spring began to blow It was likewise observed by all that this Lilly laid upon the high Altar for men to view was received as a happy and white omen Thus Charles the fifth when he had enjoyed his Fathers kingdomes fourty years the Empire six and thirty and himself two after the resignment of all these left it doubtful whether he merited more honour in so long governing the Empire and many Kingdoms or in relinquishing them all together Yet I am not ignorant this Act was then diversly censured and at this day the Emperours resignment is an argument for Rhetoricians to declaim upon in the Schools and Politicians at Court But omitting the conceptions of these men and such builders of Castles in the air I will give you the common and most probable opinions Philip the Second King of Spaine Prince of the Low-countreys Ro Vaughan sculp But whatsoever it was King Philip after his Fathers decease disposing of his new Dominions instead of Mary Queen of Hungary substituted in the government of the Low-Countreys and Burgundy Emmanuel Philibert Duke of Savoy who besides his nearness of bloud to Charles the fifth had given him many proofs of his experience in the Warrs especially in those Provinces against the French Nor were his great abilities less usefull to King Philip in the War that welcomed him to his new Principality For though the Kings Henry and Philip in the beginning of this year by the mediation of Mary Queen of England had made a five years truce at Cambray yet by reason of the Warre flaming between the Pope and King Philip the Truce within the year was broken the Spaniard laying the fault upon the French and the French upon the Spaniard King Henry called into Italy by the Caraffi embraced the specious pretence of protecting the Pope but peradventure he looked not so much upon the cause as upon the issue of the War easily believing he should conquer this new and unexperienced Prince having at more then one Battel overthrown so old a Souldier and so great a Conquerour as his Father And now the French having past the Alps under the Duke of Guise's Command fought for the Pope in Italy and at the same time entring the Low-Countreys under the Conduct of Colligni plundred the Province of Artois Whilest King Philip the Duke of Alva strongly prosecuting his affairs in Italy on the one part prevailed with his Wife to denounce War against King Henry on the other part he commanded Philibert Duke of Savoy to make an introde into France by whose valour and conduct he won that memorable Victory at S. Quintins which put all France into a shaking fit insomuch as the greattest part of their Gentry being prisoners to the Spaniard the rest marched into Italy it was the common fear if the Conquerour came on he would easily possess himself of Paris most of the Townsmen being fled to the neighbouring cities as if the Spaniard were at their gates But King Henry commanding the Duke of Guise out of Italy and raising a great Army which is ordinary in France where the children are bred souldiers he soon interrupted the
Philip whilst all the Nobility were in exspectation of the imployment the Dutchess made choice of Philip Croy Duke of Arescot not because he was bred up in Germany with Charles the fifth as she declared her self at the Consult and therefore was likely to be well received by his brother Ferdinand But because he was an enemie to the Prince of Orange his faction she honoured him with that Embassage that others might follow his example on like hopes of honour Yet the Prince of Orange resolved to be present at the Dyet as a private man pretending business with the Elector of Saxonie about his wifes portion and with the Emperour concerning his Estate And though the Governess would not without the Kings consent approve of his journey yet he departed in such hast as he would not tarry till his wife was brought a bed Who three dayes after was delivered of a daughter that was christened by her appointment with the ceremonies of the Church to the great satisfaction of the Governess Montiny having twice had audience of his Majestie prepared for his return and when he took leave the King whilst he commended to his care the state of the Low-countreys as it were upon occasion of discourse began to fift him and charged him by his faith and sinceritie virtues he had found in him to deal plainly what he thought was the cause of those Grievances and Heart-burnings of so many in the Low-countreys Montiny though he said he knew nothing whereof his Majesty had not been long since informed yet as farre as he could conjecture the reasons partly proceeded from the new Bishops put upon the Provinces without the consent or privity of their Governours therefore the people believed they intended to bring in the Spanish Inquisition partly out of the hatred conceived against Cardinall Granvel from the highest to the lowest so implacably that it was to be feared that at one time or other it would ingage the people in an insurrection The King replyed that all this was indeed known to him but that he admired the Low-countreymen could be moved with such vain rumours For seriously no other cause brought him to augment the number of the Bishops but onely the necessity of his people and the Councell of his father Charles the fifth And that was not concluded so secretly or suddenly as the Marquess of Bergen could tell him who had given his advice therein and commended his design when he waited on the King into England at his Marriage with Queen Mary And that for his own part it never entered into his mind by that adjunction of Bishops to impose the Spanish Inquisition upon the Low-countreys Nor had Cardinall Granvel ever perswaded him to do it or was so much as acquainted with that purpose of his Majesty till he sent Francis Sonnius his Embassadour to Rome He likewise assured him they were much deceived that hated the Cardinall as conceiving him by private information to asperse the Lords for he did never attempt it neither had his Majestie himself at any time discovered in Granvel any malicious inclinations which if he should hereafter find in him or any other of his ministers of State he never should indure them But howsoever he hoped shortly to be in the Low-countreys and then to satisfie both his own person and the Provinces desires Montiny thus dismissed by the King returned to Bruxels in December and reading to the Councel his letters which contained the Kings pleasure for settling the intricacies of the Exchecquer for assistance in future to be sent to Charles King of France and specially for defence of Religion he added of himself many arguments of the Kings affection towards the Low-countreys but to little purpose For in Montinies absence they had conceived still greater jealousies The Prince of Orange and some others reasoned against the promises made by the Embassadour for they rather trusted their own reall or to justifie their discontents pretended intelligence from their private friends in the Court of Spain then the professions made either by King Philip or his sister Their indignation was augmented because Montiny told them the French accounted them Patrons of the Hugonots About which scandall they passionately expostulated with the Governess affirming it was onely forged in the Cardinals work-house The Dutchess declared her self of a contrary opinion and shewed them it was rather invented by the French hereticks and rebells who to advance the authority of their faction would have the ignorant believe the Low-countrey Nobility were of the same sect To conclude they being more and more exasperated because the Governess would not displace their Competitour that feared not their plots or envie but proposing to himself onely the Kings favour respected this Iove alone despising the other petty Gods as if a man could be onely struck with a thunderbolt and could not be killed by the hand of a common souldier or that Ioves lightning were not fed by the baser elements the Prince of Orange and Count Egmont particularly agreed to write letters to the King against Granvel in the name of all though all were not consenting perhaps because the Governess had formerly scattered among them seeds of dissention perhaps some of the Lords therefore differed in opinion because they were not chief of the Conspiracy Indeed the Duke of Areschot pressed by Count Egmont as they were hunting to joyn with the rest denied to set his hand against the Cardinall or to prescribe the King how he ought to use his servants and it proceeded so farre that at last the Duke concluded he would receive the Law neither from Count Egmont nor the Prince of Orange to neither of which he thought himself or his family inferiour The Counts of Aremberg and Barlamont then present were much troubled at the accident and lest it might come to more then words turned the discourse to another subject Nor was there lesse heat between Count Aremberg and the Prince of Orange upon the same occasion Of both which passages the Governess certified the King But though by these Lords example and for private reasons many withdrew from the conspiracy Yet were letters directed to the King signed by Count Egmont the Prince of Orange and Count Horn a Copy whereof which the King afterwards sent to the Dutchess I give you verbatim out of the French Originall Sir We are infinitely sorry that we are at this present inforced to presse upon your Majesties great affairs but as well the account of our service which we ought to give as the mischief undoubtedly impending will not suffer us longer to be silent especially because we hope this our intimation as free from any passion will be received by your Majesty so graciously and with such remembrance of us as we your affectionate servants have indeavoured to deserve We likewise beseech your Majesties pardon if we write later then the exigence
in his returne to Bruxells by his eldest Son Federico Duke of Oscha great Commander of the Order of Calatrava who brought him from the King 2500 Foote and a good summe of money a necessary Supply against the Preparations of the prince of Orange For now the Prince of Orange was upon his March with a vast Army raised in Germany diverse of the hereticall Princes willingly associating in hatred to the Spanish House of Austria This League was advanced by by a generall indignation upon the newes of Count Egmont's and Count Horne's death the Envy to Alva thereupon increasing and much aggravated by a Booke against His Tyranny written and published by the Prince of Orange There was in his Army when he mustered it at Aquis-Grane 28000 men that is 16000 German Foot and 8000 Horse French and Low Dutch 2000 Horse and very neare as many Foot To the Germans the Prince Elector Count Palatine the Duke of Wirtemberg and the City of Strasburg had promised foure Months Pay to the French and the Low-countreymen a Spanish Merchant at Antwerp had ingaged for 1800 French Crownes a month during the said terme To maintaine the Horse was undertaken partly by the Prince of Orange and his Brother partly by the very Commanders of Horse Casimire Son to the Palsgraue Count Suarzemburg two of the Dukes of Saxony Count Hocâ—strat and William Lumè one of the Counts de Marca the last of these a deadly Enemy to the Catholiques is said to have made such a barbarous Vow as once Cl. Civilis who likewise commanded the Hollanders that he would never cut his haire till he had revenged the Deaths of Egmont and Horne With these Forces the Prince of Orange sooner then could be imagined passed the Rhyne and incamping along the banke of the Mose not farre from Maestricht filled the Low Countries with strange Reports and Terrour Indeed the Duke of Alva in appearance extreamely slighted such Rumours being a notable Dissembler of military Dangers and one that feared nothing more then to be thought to feare So that when a Captaine with very much Trouble in his Face amplifyed the Newes and told him how many Princes and Kings had entred into League against Spaine among whom he numbered Denmarke and England the Duke answered merrily he knew what accompt to make of that League nor was such a conspiracy of Rebells any way formidable the King having more Princes that tooke part with him For with the King of Spaine was confederated the Kings of Naples Sicily and Sardinia the Duke of Millaine Prince of Burgundy and the Low-countreys besides the King 's of Peru Mexico and New Spaine but herein the Confederations differed that in theirs the dissimilitude of Nations and dispositions and if no other obstacle their severall Intersts must needs cause disagreement and in a little time dissolve the union Whereas in this what pleased one pleased all and consequently it would be eternall And truly Alva was not so jealous of a forreigne Enemy as of the Natives knowing himselfe hated by a great sort of them nor could he thinke the Prince of Orange durst ever have attempted to bring a Warre into the Lowcountreys if he had not beene invited and assisted by the Low-countreymen Especially when so many Robberies and Murthers had been done upon the high way by the banished Gheuses Which because they sheltred in the Forests were called Wood-Gheuses The common Terrour was increased by a fearfull apparition in the Aire of two Armyes in Battalia seen on a cleare night to brandish their glittering Pikes as if they were ready for a charge The Prodigy because seen in diverse places was beleived and therefore more such stories were dayly told which made Alva looke to himselfe So that fortifying the Froatier Townes and those he most doubted he hastened with his Army to Maestricht that from thence he might incounter the Prince of Orange's Designes and by keeping the banke of Mose hinder him from passing the River But the Prince's subtilty and boldnesse carryed it And this was his first Stratagem in the Low-countrey-Warre wherein he plainly shewed how great an Enemy declared himselfe against the King For his Horse finding the River foardable between Rurimond and Maestricht the Mose being then accidentally at a low Ebbe the Prince helped his Fortune with Art in this manner He tied his Horse together and made them stand crosse the River to breake the Streame as Iulius Caesar did when he passed Ligeris and Cicoris and some others of late time have done by this meanes the force of the Current being abated and repelled he commanded his Foote to wade over silently in the Evening and that night with inobserveable speed or rather by an incredible Attempt he deceived the Kings Guards and safely arrived on the father Shore with his Army which was so suddaine and unexpected newes to Alva that when Barlamont told him the Enemy was come over the Duke asked him if he thought them to be an Army of Birds that had flowne over the Mose But the Prince of Orange entring Brabant and confidently incamping within six Miles of the Spanish Army the next day drew out his men and with Drummes beating and Trumpets sounding faced and offered Battaile to the Duke of Alva whose Campe-Master Chiapino Vitelli was of opinion that the Enemy wet with the River and weary with their March should have beene fought before they had incamped nor did he as yet thinke the fight was wholly to be declined but that it concerned the Spaniards in point of honour to make some Attempt upon the now insâ—lting Germans and let them know the Valour of the Royall Army But the Duke foreseeing that money could not long hold out to pay so great an Army which would therefore moulder away especially upon the approach of winter resolved with the least hazard to himselfe to elude the enemy His principall designe was to keep them from getting into any strong Towne lest they should make their Pay out of the Plunder of the Countrey yet scarce any day passed but as the Armies lay close tother they had some Skirmishes and Fights commonly about victuall the Prince of Orange's men being still the Challengers Which Fights how they were managed and with what daily successe I could particularize For Raphael Barberino Knight of Saint Steven an eminent Commander a very great Mathematician sent to Rome Diaries of all Actions in the Campe directed to his Brothers Francesco Barberino Proto-Notary Aposticall and Anthonio Barberino Father to Pope Vrban the Eight under which Prince no lesse supreame in Learning then Religion it is my happinesse to write this History But out of those Letters whereof I have Copies I hold it best to give you only some choice Passages omitting the rest that were either of the same kind or not so remarkable The third day after he had passed
they call the States till it should be otherwise ordered by the King who for some time doubted whether he should allow that form of Goverment or no. For Gregory the thirteenth who had mutually agreed with King Philip to assist the Queen of Scots then a Prisoner being to nominate a Generall for that expedition for it was undertaken in the Popes not the Kings name lest it might distast the Rivalls of the Spanish Greatnesse his Holinesse made choice of Don Iohn of Austria famous for Sea victories And therefore advised the King by Ormanetti who was trusted in the transaction of that businesse to send his Brother into the Low-countreys wanting at that time a Governour who would be in great esteem with the Low countrey men that honoured the memory of his Father Charles the fifth and might from thence passe with a Fleet into England where he if any man might exspect success He likewise articled with King Philip that the Queen of Scots if it pleased God they freed her from captivity should be married to Don Iohn with the Kingdome of England for her dowry which would be a fair title to the Island for the House of Austria to ground a Warre upon The King disliked it not though he more approved of the Expedition then of the Generall but instantly resolved and promised the Nuncio to send his brother into the Low-countreys But his Majestie thought it not amisse to protract his Brothers going for a while that he might see how the Low-countreymen would govern the Low-countreys moved hereunto by Ioachim Opper a Low-countrey man his Secretary for the Netherlands who delivered his opinion that the Low-countrey Lords would no doubt be infinitely carefull of the Common-wealth and would now themselves apply to the evill that remedie for which they had so often solicited the King Who by confiding in them would for ever oblige the hearts of the Low-countrey men Especially in that his Majestie well knew the Principall Senatours Duke Areschot the Counts Mansfeldt and Barlamont and the President of the Senate himself Viglius Zuichom were men of most undoubted Religion and Loyaltie But to govern by a Committee that I may not accuse the Kings prudence from the event was then unseasonable For in the most troubled State the most present remedy is for one man to rule Truly this indulgence of the Prince did more hurt to the Low-countreys then all his severity as appeared by the immediate ruine of the Provinces For the people freed from a Spanish Governour would not acknowledge a new one in the Senate or rather greatly feared not a power divided and diminished among many And the Lords despised the government of their Peers and easily deluded their discordant Votes and Orders Some enemies to the Spaniard desirous of revenge fomented this difference of the Lords especially the Burgesses for Brabant and Haynolt whom Requesenes had larely called to Bruxells For these as they were chosen under-hand by means of the Prince of Orange in regard of the Authority wherewith those Provinces intrusted them hugely distracted the Senate And though both parties pretended the Kings name and cause yet their Designes and Counsels were so different that some of them were vulgarly called Spaniards others Patriots or Protectours of their Countrey And as the word Countrey infinitely takes the People with a counterfeit and deceiving image of Libertie it was not to be doubted but in case of a Warre the major part of the Low-countrey-men would adhere unto this party Nor was occasion long wanting to mature the mischief For when they had taken Ziriczee after Requesenes his death the Germans and Spaniards clamouring for their pay for that Island had afforded very little money it was resolved on by the Senate for easing the Low-countreys of the burden of forrein Souldiers to pay and cashiere the regiment of Hannibal Count de Altempse because there having lately been a breach between him and the Governour of Antwerp Frederick Perenot Lord of Campin about the Garrison it was feared lest publick mischief might ensue In the mean time the Spaniards that took Ziriczee under Colonell Mondragonio when they saw themselves passed by and the many moneths pay which was promised them issued out to others interpreting not falsely as some said that it was done out of malice to their Nation and they thereby necessitated to an Insurrection First as if he looked not into their business they threatned Mondragonio then hearing of the complaints made in the Senate of Bruxels by Count Altempse who publickly affirmed that he was casheired not for any danger to the Town of Antwerp nor with relation to his fouldiers importunity for pay which he himself a fortnight longer was able to have satisfied but only by the subtilty spleen of the Lord Campin that excluded souldiers faithfull to the King and so weakning the Spanish partie intended to betray the citie to the Prince of Orange Whereupon the Spaniards troubled at the publick danger and the more exasperated by their private injury in regard they demanded but what was due to their extraordinary labours and unprendented courage in wading through the sea seized upon their Captains and chose themselves a Generall in Mondragonio's place Whereto they were animated by the example of the horse and recruited by the accession of Valdez his Regiment They sent letters therefore to the Senate at Bruxels threatningly petitioning for their money Nor did the Senate deny it the major part being Royallists But the Burgesfes of Hoynolt and Brabant long since bought as I said with the Prince of Oranges money interceded in the name of their Provinces pretending publick necessitie And whilst the Senate partly affrighted with their protestations partly intangled in crosse votes deferred their payment the Spaniards thinking their menaces contemned took up their Colours in furie crying Away for Brabant And having left Ziricze guarded with a few Wallons quitting Schelt and Duveland Islands they had conquered with so much glory to their Nation they ran up and down Brabant threatning but not resolved upon any determinate design the Cities generally trembling and in amazement exspecting where that storm would fall But having first rejected the conditions which Count Mansfeldt meeting them near Asc brought from the Senate then sending away Iuliano Romero who for the same cause came from the Spaniards without so much as hearing him speak afterward shaking their swords and presenting their muskets against Francisco Montesdocha they commanded him to come no nearer and lastly on a sudden possessed themselves of Aelst a town in Flanders not farre from Bruxels hanging the King Officer that opposed them before the Gates openly professing they meant to keep Aelst as a pledge till their Arrears were paid When this news came to Bruxels with addition but false that they had plundered the Town and put the People to the sword the minds
of severall Nations in the Camp l. 10. p. 22 Controversie touching the Conjunction of goods and Institution of Bishops in the Low-countreys l. 2. p. 29 30 c. defined by the Universitie of Lovain l. 2. p. 31 32. between the Duke of Alva and the Quxn of England l. 7. p. 65 66. between the Embassadours of France and Spain l. 41. 85 Convention of the Knights of the Golden Fl 〈◊〉 at Gant l. 2. p. 46. of the Princes of the Empire at Frâ—nkford l. 3. p. 71. of the Cardinals at Rome l. 4. p. 81. of the Estates in the Low-countreys l. 1. p. 18. of the Convenanters at Amsterdam l. 5. p. 137. at Eâ—da p. 142. of the hereticks at Geneva l. 3. p. 56. of the Low-countrey Lords at Dendermond l. 5. p. 134 of the Gbeuses at Centron or St. Truden l. 5. p. 119. of the Electors at Worms l. 2. p. 34 Conventicles of hereticks in the night l. 5. p. 116 Convening of the Knights of the Golden Fleece l. 3. p. 69. the Estates Generall not permitted to convene â— 3. p. 68 69. l. 8. p. 20. Covenant of the Gentlemen engagers against Religion l. 5. p. 101. published in severall languages ibid. Countrey-men rout the Image-breakers l. 5. p. 122. â—nd their souldiers l. 7. p. 75. as Lewis of Nassau washed his wounds in the Mose they killed him l. 8 p. 3. their forces l. 6. p. 7 Corâ—â—lius from a black-smith come to be a Calvinistiâ—all Preacher l. 6. p. 7. Commander in chief of the Armentâ—rians in Flanders ibid. Cornelius Vandem l. 8. p. 24 Cosmo Duke of Florence l. 1. p. 21. 〈◊〉 p. 14 Cosse vide Arthur Covaâ—â—â—vias vide Didato Courtiers subtil to ingratiate themselves l. 1. p. 40. slippery-footed l. 3. p. 74. a Court-prodigie l. 1. p. 3 8. their phantasticall manners l. 1. p. 8. their derision of the Duke of Alva l. 7. p. 65. the change of their faces l. 4. p. 79. they follow the Princes example l. 10. p. 21. Vide Antoxy Perenot Granvell and the Sentences in C. Cressouerius a famous Engineer l. 6. p. 6. l. 7. p. 54. runs a Trench to the walls of Valâ—â—cims l. 6. p. 10. is Governour of Graveling l. 7. p. 80. dyes ibid. Crimpen l. 8. p. 13 Croi a house great in piery towards the blessed Virgiâ— of Hell l. 5. p. 111 Croi vide Charles Iohn and Philip. Cuilemburg vide Florence Palantius Court of Justice burnt down at Antwerp l. 8. p. 23. Curtius Comes Martinengo Captain of a foot company l. 6. p. 30. not present at Count Aremberg's defeate l. 7. p. 47. he pursues the flying Nassavians l. 7. p. 55. Cyprian Warr l. 5. p. 139. Sentences in C. PRinces names are always registred in the Kalander of publick CALAMITIES l. 5. p. 128 CALUMNIES and defamations without any distinction of truth or falshood are ever greedily entertained and as greedily communicated l. 5. p. 117 In CONSULTATIONS reason is not at all times permitted to make a free Election l. 9. p. 28 Some evills cured by CONTEMPT l. 4. p. 79 Though Women conceale their other Virtues yet they may glory in their CHASTITY l. 4. p. 92 The fire of CIVIL Warr can never be extinguished without the Conquerours losse l. 6. p. 23 COMPLAINTS though just loose part of that Iustice if they he importune l. 5. p. 104 Power seldome grows old at COURT l. 3. p. 55 Favour at COURT hath a better face then inside l. 4. p. 79 No virtue is lesse raised at COURT then that which is most feared l. 4. p. 79 It is hard to decesve the COURT l. 2. p. 40 Long prosperity makes not COURTIERS more secure of favour then impatient of affronts l. 4. p. 80 D. Devills accompany Church-Robbers l. 5. p. 125 obsesse their bodies l. 6. p. 17 Dalhem summoned l. 10. p. 3. the Fort besieged and taken ibid the unhappy fortune of a maid ibid Damianus Morales a Captain l. 8. p. 23 Damme a town in Frisland surprized by the Nassavians l. 7. p. 47. recovered by the Spaniards ibid. Death suffered gallantly Denmark the King l. 1. p. 13 l. 3. p. 53 Davaso vide Cesar Charles Daventry receives a garrison of Spaniards l. 6 p. 20. l. 7. p. 34. David secretary to the Duke of Parma l. 10. p. 23 David the Prophets psalmes sung by the Heriticks l. 3. p. 61 63. l. 5. p. 124. prohibited by Catholicks l. 3. p 63 Delph in Holland l. 7. p. 77. receives a garrison of Spaniards l. 6. p. 20 Delphino vide Flaminio Deputies of the Estates govern the Low-countryes vide Estates Derdendius Gallus l. 7. p. 80 Diana Phalanga a Surreatine l. 10. p. 22 Destruction of Nardhem l. 7. p. 73 Diary of Battels B. Didacus restores Charles Prince of Spain to his health l. 7. p. 43 Didaco of Austria Prince of Spain l. 7. p. 83 Didaco Cardinall Spinosa the Grand-Inquisitor for causes of Faith l. 6. p. 22. President of the Councill of Castile p. 23. l. 7. p. 46. called the Spanish Monarch ibid. votes for a warr with the Low-countryes l. 6. p. 22. presses the King to punish C. Egmont and C. Horne l. 7. p. 51. looseth the Kings favour l. 3. p. 74 Didaco de Chiaves Confessor to Charles Prince of Spain l. 7. p. 45 Didaco Covarrnvia Bishop of Segovia and President of Castile l. 4. p. 82 Didaco Gusman a Silva Embassador from Philip the second to the Queen of England l. 4. p. 94 Didaco Hurtado Mendosa l. 10. p. 6. Difference between the Duke of Alva and the Prince of Ebolo l. 6. p. 23. between Count Attempse and the Governour of Axtwerp l. 8. p. 17. between Don Iohn of Austria and Vâ—nerio l. 9. p. 49. between the Burbons Colignies Momorancies and Guises l. 3. p. 56. between Saint Charles Borronco and Requesenes l. 8. p. 15. between Charles the seventh of France and his Son Lewis l. 7. p. 44. between the Calvinists and Lutherans l. 6. p. 4. between Count Egmont and Duke Areschot l. 3. p. 72. and Count Aremberg p. 73. and Count Hochstrat l. 6. p. 14 15. between Cardinall Granvell and the Arch-Bishop of Naples l. 4. p. 81 82. Count Laline l. 3. p. 75. between Pope Pius the fourth and Philip the second of Spain l. 4. p. 85 c. between Philip the second and his Son Charles l. 7. p. 43. Diesthem taken by the Prince of Orange l. 7. p. 75 Don Iohn of Austria commands Alexander Farnese to besiege it l. 9. p. 54. 't is rendred p. 55. mercy shewed to the town ibid. the garrison take pay of the King ibid. Dilemburg the ancient seate of the Nassaus l. 7. p. 77 Dioclesian the Emperour l. 1. p. 6 Discipline of War observed by the Army l. 6. p. 31 Disputation between a Jesuite and Heriticks l. 6. p. 15 Doway l. 6. p. 37 Dort or Dordrecbt revoltâ— from the Spaniard l. 7. p. 72 Dreux a Town of Normandy
Duell between two French Gentlemen l. 1. p. 13 Dui passes the Mose l. 7. p. 46. is defeated and taken ibid. condemned to loose his head l. 7. p. 49 Dullart a Bay l. 7. p. 56. 47 Duncher a Pilot. l. 6. p. 19. his ship taken ibid. Duveland an Island drown'd by the sea l. 8. p. 10. reinhabited ibid. the sea about it waded over ibid. the Island taken by the Spaniards l. 8. p. 13. Sentences in D. DANGER it self the best remedy for danger l. 5. p. 113 Men in like DANGER easily associate l. 5. p. 137 Between the businesse of life and day of DEATH a space ought to be interposed l. 1. p. 10 Resolutions are given with greater authority at a DISTANCE l. 4. p. 88 It is more DISREPUTATION to fall from a place of eminence then never to have been advanced l. 10. p. 15 E. EArthquake in Asia insert in the reading 12 Cities of Asia l. 5. p. 127. in Brabant l. 7. p. 40. swallows 33. Villages l. 7. p. 47. Ebolo the Prince vide Rodorick or Ruigomez Eclipse of the Sun l. 1. p. 22 Edam a town l. 7. p. 72 Edict of the Duke of Alva for exacting of tribute l. 7. p. 65. 67. mitigated l. 7. p. 70. of Charles the fifth at Wormes against Luther and the Hereticks l. 2. p. 34 seven times renewed ibid. revived and published l. 4. p. 96. reprehended l. 5. p. 1. l. 5. p. 105. 106. defefided l. 5. p. 105. mitigated l. 7. p. 106. Of Charles the ninth of France against the Heriticks l. 5. p. 138. against the Germans that should oppose the Spaniards in the Low-countreys l. 5. p. 134 Of Francis the first of France against Maroi's Poetry l. 3. p. 63. of Margaret of Parma for religion l. 4. p. 96. against the Heriticks that dwelt at Antwerp l. 5. p. 117. against their sermons ibid. against their exercises ibid. against Fugitives from the Low-countreys l. 6. p. 34. against the Low-country men that should bear armes against France ibid. against the French that should fight in the Low-countryes l. 5. p. 134. of the Royall Senate against the souldiers at Aclst or Aloost l. 8. p. 18. of the States against the Spaniards ibâ—d l. 9. p. 39. of the pacification at Gant l. 9. p. 30 Edward Horsey Governour of the Isle of Wight l. 9. p. 33 Edward Prince of Portugall l. 4. p. 92 Egmond a town in Holland l. 7. p. 53 Egmont vide Charles Lamorall and Philip. Elections of new Bishops in the Low-countreys l. 1. p. 18. made Reversioners to Abbats by â—ius the fourth vide Bishops and Abbats Electors of the Empire of Brandenburg l. 6. p. 18. of Colen l. 1. p. 14. of Mentz l. 5. p. 134. the Palsgrave l. 1. p. 14. l. 5. p. 134. the King of Bohemia l. 7. p. 43. the Duke of Saxony l. 6. p. 18. Trier l. 5. p. 134. Electo chosen by the Mutineeres l. 8. p. 5. p. 8. p. 22 Elogy of Alva l. 7. p. 82. 83. of Aremberg l. 7. p. 47. of Don Iohn l. 10. p. 21 22. of Count Egmont l. 7. p. 53. of Cardinall Granvell l. 4. p. 83. of Lewis of Nassau l. 8. p. 3. of Princess Mary of Portugall l. 4. p. 92. of Requesâ—nes l. 8. p. 15. of Vitelli l. 8. p. 14. vide Encomion Elizabeth Queen of England takes part with the Low-countrey Conspiratours l. 5. p. 101. seizeth the King of Spains money sent to the Duke of Alva l. 5. p. 104. l. 7. p. 65. 66. which occasioneth a contest between her Majesty and the Duke of Alva ibid. she prohibits the Holland Pirats to come within her Ports l. 7. p. 71. her Embassage to the Governesse when she was to leave the Low-countreys l. 6. p. 37. to Don Iohn when he came to the Goverment l. 8. p. 33. she is by the Lords proposed for Governess for the Low-countreys l. 9. p 38. she sends to Don Iohn for a cessation of armes l. 9. p. 49. and threatnes ibid. is not heard ibid. a rumour that she was to be married to Don Iohn l. 10. p. 20. Elizabeth Cuilemburg l. 1. p. 20 Embassador from the King of Spain to the Pope l. 1. p. 18. l. 3. p. 66. to the Queen of England l. 4. p. 94. to the King of France l. 5. p. 134. l. 5. p. 140. l. 7. p. 79. l. 10. p. 20. l. 10. p. 24. from France to the Pope l. 4. p. 85. the contest between the French and Spanish Embassadours in the councell of Trent ibid. revived at Rome ibid. what was done thereupon in â—he Emperours Court ibid. what at Rome ibid. Emden a town l. 7. p. 55 Emmanuell King of Portugall l. 4. p. 92. 94 Emmanuell Montiny Commander of a Regiment l. 9. p. 50. Emmanuell Philibert Duke of Savoy Governour of the Low countreys l. 1. p. 11. victorious at Saint Quintin ibid. his marriage with Margaret sister to Henry of France l. 1. p. 13. he and his wife go for Italy l. 1. p. 26. how highly the King of Spain valued him l. 6. p. 21. 26. Emperour sued unto by the Low-countrey Nobility to accept of the Low-Countreys l. 5. p. 135. punishmentâ— by Emperours decreâ—d against Heriticks l. 2. p. 33 3â— Ems a River l. 7. p. 55 56 71 Encomion of Count Barlamont l. 10. p. 5. of Isidor Pacecho l. 8. p. 12. of Mondragonio l. 8. p. 2. of Penonio l. 10. p. 1â— of Vitelli l. 7. p. 62. vide Elogit Engelbert Count of Nassau Governour of the Low-countreys l. 1. p. 1â— Engelbert of Nassau the first l. 2. p. 43. 2. ibid. their power in the Low-countreys how increased ibid. Englands King vide Philip the Second Englands Queen vide Elizabeth and Mary The English loose Calice l. 1. p. 11. do execution upon the French Army from Sea l. 1. p. 12. their ships and goods embargued in the Ports of the Low-countreys and Spaiâ— l. 7. p. 66. they take the Portugall ships richly laden ibid. some conspiring against Don Iohn of Austria are put to death l. 10. p. â—0 Engines l. 8. p. 9 â—0 Engineeres l. 6. p. â—1 Enterprise of Alex Farnese l. 9. p. 45 51 of Caius Fabias l. 9. p. 40. of Ciacconio l. 8. p. 8. of Iohn Boccace a lâ—suite l. 9. p. 40. of Mondragonio l. 6. p. 30. l. 7. p. 77. of him and others l. 8. p. 9. of Perotto l. 8. p. â— Envy at Court l. 2. p. 37 41. l. 3. p. 56. between the Low-countrey Lords and Granvell l. 2. p. 41 42 l. 3. p. 72. between the Spanish and Low-countrey Nobility l. 2. p. 42. between Granvell and Reguard l. 3. p. 67. between the Duke of Alva and the Prince of Eboâ—o l. 6. p. 22. l. 7. p. 65. between Alva and Egmond l. 7. p. 51 vide Ambition Epirots l. 6. p. 30 Erasso a Courtier very intimate with the King of Spain l. 3. p. 66. Erick Duke of
1. Their Discouragement at the losse of Valenciens l. 6. p. 11. Their Complaints l. 6. p. 15. Their Preaching Ministers run away ibid. They are challeng'd to dispute ibid. They are Expell'd the Low-countreys l. 6. p. 17 20. They crave assistance of the Germans l. 6. p. 18. Their Temples are destroy'd l. 6. p. 20. Their sense upon Alva's departure from the Low-countreys l. 7. p. 81. They criminate Don Iohn l. 9. p. 34. They and the Catholicks swear allegiance to the Arch-Duke Matthias l. 9. p. 39. They turn the Jesuites out of Antwerp ibid. and other Catholicks l. 9. p. 41. Possess their Churches ibid. are brought into Amsterdam l. 10. p. 5. vide Calvinists Preachers and Lutherans Hague l. 8. p. 7. Hames vide Nicolas Hangest vide Francis Iohn Hannibal Gonzaga l. 10. p. 12. Hannibal Count Altemps brings forces out of Germanie into the Low-countreys l. 8. p. 9. Upon the borders circumvented by the Enemy and wounded ibid. He is left by Requesenes to secure Brabant ibid. The difference between him and the Governour of Antwerp l. 8. p. 17. He leaves men in Germany l. 10. p. 7. Hannibal of Carthage l. 2. p. 28. Hariaden Barbarossa l. 8. p. 14. Expell'd from his Kingdome by Charles the fifth l. 10. p. 21. Harlem receives a Garrison from the Hollanders l. 7. p. 78. renounces Religion and violates all things sacred ibid. Besieg'd by the Royallists Ibid. provokes the Spaniards with unheard of Contumelies ibid. Jeeres at holy things ibid. Compell'd by famine to yield to mercy l. 6. p. 79. Very many of the Town put to death Ibid. A Regiment of of Harlem women ibid. The obstinacy and barbarity of the Townesmen ibid. The siege of Harlem compar'd with that of Sancere ibid. The number of the slain and wounded Royallists l. 7. p. 80. and Confederates ibid Hassen vide Philip Landâ—grave of Hessen HHaynault a Province of the Low-countreys l. 1. p. 15. It s Governour l. 1. p. 16. The Townes and villages of the Haynaulters plunder'd l. 7. p. 63. Their Delegates call'd to Bruâ—ells l. 8. p. 17. against the Spaniards l. 8. p. 20. vide Mons. A Proverb in Haynault l. 6. p. 5. Haultepen vide Claudius Haure vide Charles Croy. Heden a Town l. 1. p. 10. Heleâ—nor sister to Charles the fifth l. 1. p. 3 15. Heleonor Mâ—â—orâ—ney wife to Count Hochstrat l. 6. p. 12. Haloven vide Francis Heâ—nin vide Iohn Maximilian Henry King of England l. 1. p. 9. Henry Bavier Bishop of Vtrecht l. 1. p. 15. Henry Brederod Commander of a troop of the Low-countrey horse l. 1. p. 17. l. 6. p. 11 12. Chief of the Conspirators l. 5. p. 102 104. Enters Bruxells with the Covenanters l. 5. p. 107. binds them with a new Oath ibid. Leads them to Court ibid. In their name presents a Petition to the Governesse l. 5. p. 108. Feasts them at Culemberge-house l. 5. p. 109. delivers a new Petition l. 5. p. 111. Goes to Antwerp ibid. Is met by a multitude of people l. 5. p. 112. offers himself to be their General and is accepted ibid. Meets the Prince of Orange coming to the Town l. 5. p. 118 Convenes the Gheuses at Centron l. 9. 119. Is call'd to a Conference by the Prince of Orange and Count Egmont sent by the Governesse l. 5. p. 119 120. He carries the 9. heads of the Conference to his Party ibid. He is Chosen General for raising men and money l. 5. p. 141. Endeavours to draw Count Egmont to a new Confederation l. 5. p. 142. Desires the Governesses leave to come to Bruxells ibid. Is deny'd ibid. sends a petition to the Governesse ibid. Prepares men and armes l. 6. p. 1. Fortifies Viana ibid. Enters Amsterdam l. 6. p. 2. Refuses to take the Oath of Allegiance l. 6. p. 11 12. His Troop of horse taken from him ibid. He is commanded to depart from Amsterdam l. 6. p. 19. Tryes to reconcile himself but in vain ibid. Despaires of Recovering of Holland l. 6. p. 20. Leaves the Low-Countreys ibid. Dies ibid. Henry Dionisius a Jesuite is invited from Colen to Maestricht l. 6. p. 15. Disputes with the Hereticks Ibid. Restores Maestricht to its old Religion and Obedience ibid. Henry the second of France desirous of a War with Spain l. 1. p. 11. Takes Calice Ibid. Concludes a Peace with King Philip l. 1. p. 12. His hatred to Mary Queen of Hungary l. 9. p. 57. A Tournament at the Marriage of his Daughter and Sister l. 1. p. 13. His Death ibid. Predicted and the Judgments of Prudent men upon the Accident ibid. Henry King of Portugall l. 10. p. 13. Henry Nassau Uncle to the Prince of Orange l. 2. p. 43. Henry Nassau brother to the Prince of Orange l. 8. p. 2. Henry King of Navarre afterwards King of France l. 7. p. 76. Henry â—sellie the French Embassadour l. 4. p. 85. Henry Vienâ—us Lord of Ceuravium Commander of horse in the Battel of Gemlac l. 9. p. 51. in the siege of Dalbem l. 10. p. 3 Hercules Duke of Ferara l. 1. p. 21. His daughter design'd for wife to Alexander Farneze ibid. l. 4. p. 91. Hercules his haven or Port Ercole l. 8. p. 14. Hese vide William Hierg vide Aegidius Barlâ—mont Hieronymo Roda l. 8. p. 18. His servant slain ibid. He himself endanger'd ibid. Hieronymâ— Serosqueques one of the waders over the Sea to Ziriczee l. 8. p. 10. Hieronymites l. 1. p. 6. The site of their Monastery Ibid. Hippolyto Pennonto a Physician l. 10. p. 15. Historians how they should dispute of peace and war l. 2. p. 27. Their Errors refuted l. 3. p. 59. l. 7. p. 41 47. the causes why they differ about the beginnings of the Low-countrey Tumults l. 2. p. 27. Hochstrat vide Anthony Lalin Holach vide Philip. Holland a Province of the Low-Countreys l. 1. p. 15. a new State l. 1. p. 1. l. 7. p. 72. It s Governour l. 1. p. 1â— l. 7. p. 72. The slaughters in that Province l. 5. p. 127. The first Tumults l. 6. p. 19. l. 7. p. 72. It yeilds to the Governess l. 6. p. 20. The Maritime part of it drown'd by a Sea-breach l. 7. p. 65. Hollanders anciently free from Tribute l. 7. p. 70. For which they rebel'd then against the Romans Ibid. and now against the King of Spain l. 7. p. 71. l. 8. p. 20. They expel the Spaniards l. 7. p. 72. Jeer the Duke of Alva ibid. submit to the Prince of Orange ibid. Piraâ—s from all parts joyning with them make up a Fleet l. 7. p. 73. For almost 10 years they have been Constantly victorious at Sea Ibid. Some of their Cities recovered by the Spaniard ibid. 81. l. 8. p. 8. Their hatred to that Nation l. 7. p. 72 78. Their Fleet sailes over land to Leiden l. 8. p. 7. and into Sceldt l. 8. p. 13. Hoodes parti-coloured the Cognizances of and marks of a Combination l. 4. p.
the Low-countrey-men were to pay at once For thus they said the Exchequer might be replenished which the Warre had emptyed and likewise the Provinces secured Because Spaine ingaged in a long Warre with the Moores and now setting forth a chargeable Fleete against the common Enemy could afford small supplies Nor was it reason to expect any thing from King Philip and unseasonable to divert him wholly applying his Indeavours and Expences for the Defence of Christendome But the Estates that to settle these Taxes were summoned to Bruxells would not yield to the Tenths because they should thereby lose their Traffique the only subsistence of the Low-countreys Indeed how could the Merchants and Artificers brooke the payment of many tenth parts out of one Commodity for before Cloth or Hangings and other Stuffes were woven and put off their hands they must pay the Tenths of wooll so for thread then for weaving and dying and such like parts of manufacture and thus the price of Commodities being enhansed they should have no buyers the Worke-men would go to other Nations and the Low-countreys be reduced to extreame Poverty The Duke of Alva might consider what advantage it had been to England since the Low-countrey-men above 200. yeares agoe forced by an inundation of the Sea to leave their Countrey had taught the English the art of Weaving which before they understood not Many other Manufactures were yet in the Low-countreys not known to their Neighbours whereby they would be greatly inriched if the Worke-men should go and live among them All this prevailed not with the Duke in the midst of his command victorious and no enemy appearing who therefore assured himselfe the Low-countrey-men would easily obey But the Queene of England in the interim somewhat startled him and made Alva thinke of a new enemy A Biscaine man of warre with foure Pinnaces sayling out of Spaine and bound for the Low-countreys convoying of money to pay the Duke of Alva's Army a vast summe 200000. Ducats as some Writers affirme according to others 40000. nay there is one that saies 800000. forced either by a tempest or for feare of Pyrats came into an English Harbour The Queene resolving not to part with that Treasure first commanded an accoumpt of it should be taken then causing them to unlade under pretence of the Kingdome 's necessity it was carried to the Exchequer Guerrao Despeo the Spanish Embassadour and his Majesties Admirall Stephano Serra protesting against it to no purpose The Duke of Alva bitterly resenting the Injury made an Imbaâ—go in the Low-countreys arresting all the English Merchants Goods and Shippes the like was done in Spaine On the other part the Queene of England seized upon all the Commodities of the Low-countrey-men and Spaniards so as they were upon the very point of Proclaiming Warre on both sides And Christopher Assonvill sent into England by the Duke to demand the money and to compose the matter in controversie found the Queene so offended and inraged that he was commanded backe to the place from whence he came the Queene refusing to treat upon conditions with Alva or any man else but the King himselfe She was so peremptory as I have read in Assonvill's Letters because shew knew the Moores intended to rebell in Spaine and the Germans were againe preparing to invade the Low-countreys she her selfe in the meane while being inriched with dayly Prizes taken from the Low-countrey-men and Spaniards At the very same time 14. Portugall-shippes laded with Indian Merchandise Ignorant of the Quarrell between the Nations thinking they might passe securely were surprized by the English and it is not to be imagined how much that Booty inflamed those Islanders with a desire to continue a difference so advantageous Which made the Spaniard the more earnestly to labour the composing of it And to this end Thomas Raggeus was sent into England on whose prudence the Duke of Alva much relyed who was afterwards when the King knew him better made his Treasurer Raggeus though he could not prevaile with the Queene that was resolved to keep the money yet so won upon her as she was no longer deafe to an Agreement Then the Duke sending over the Marquesse Vitelli with Raphael Barberino and his Secretary Turrius the Queene received them more gratiously and publiquely explained her selfe that she understood the money appertained not to the King whom she never had any Intention to wrong in any kind but to the Genoa-Merchants that she had use for it at the present and would hereafter returne it to the owners faithfully and with interest This Answer was reported to the Duke of Alva from the Spanish Embassadour and Vitelli by Barberino who advised him notwithstanding the Queene intended not Repayment since no Merchant could demand the Money to take into consideration whether the Low-countrey-men or the English would be more prejudiced by the Quarrell And further told his Excellence that he had taken notice of 80. Low-countrey and Spanish Ships under Arrest in the English Ports their lading dayly decaying and imbezelled And therefore the Embassadour and Vitelli held it best that matters should not be aggravated with new causes of offence for they hoped that in a little time the fury of both sides being allayed by mutuall Losses at last with equall Dissimulation they would fall to their antient intercourse For the Duke 's better satisfaction therein he delivered him a Breviate wherein he had stated the controversie All this was truth as afterwards appeared when the contestation being ended the losse of the Low-countrey and Spanish Merchants was found so farre to exceed the damage of the English as these were forced to refund above 200000. Florens Neverthelesse Alva would not desist either from revenging the Injury done by England or from exacting the Tribute he had begun to demand of the Low-countreys That he thought concerned the King in point of honour and though he knew this for the present would hinder the Exchange and Traffick yet he hoped those Losses would be soone repaired Especially since his mony was interecepâ—ed by the English he held it just to aske Supplies from the Low-countrey-men for whose benefit that money should have been imployed When the Duke therefore to his Requests and Admonitions added Threats the Estates pretended the People's wants there was a note subscribed with an unknowne name scattered in the Presence directed to the Duke of Alva in these words that if he acted Themistocles to raise money brought two Goddesses Perswasion and Violence they would play the Andrians to prevent Payment interpose as many as great Goddesses Poverty Impossibility Thus while the Contest was kept a foot on the one part with Petitions and Complaints on the other with often varied Edicts Commands yet the yeare ended without any thing concluded at last the Duke of Alva in a Rage advertised the Provinces That the
the association of Gant l. 9. p. 30. dislikes the Design of his brother Matthias going to take upon him the Government of the Low-countries l. 9. p. 38. is angry with Maximilian privy to the Plot ibid. many suspect that the Emperour was not angry in earnest ibid. p. 39. Rome a very Gossip for newes l. 4. p. 86. the Conclave l. 3. p. 65. l. 4. p. 81. the Sack l. 1. p. 9. Nobility l. 9. p. 43. Pope l. 1. p 7 9 22. l. 5. p. 134. Victory known by the Armes of the Sabines l. 7. p. 56. the Dictator l. 9. p. 36. Theaters l. 8. p. 7. their Veneration to the Crucifix l. 9. p. 43. the Kingdome of the Romans transferred to another l. 1. p. 5. a Vow made against the Romans l. 3. p. 51. the Belgick Conspiracy to eject them l. 1. p. 2. l. 8. p. 21. hatred to the Roman Religion l. 8. p. 8. Romero vide Iuliano Ronell a River l. 6. p. 10. Rotterdam l. 8. p. 7. Rumour that Charles the fifth was drowned l. 1. p. 23. and Octavio Farneze ibid. that Don Iohn was fled the Low-countries l. 10. p. 4. that he was to be married to Queen Elizabeth of England l. 10. p. 20. that he was poysoned ibid. that Alexander Farneze was killed l. 10. p. 4. that Count Megan was dead l. 7. p. 48. that Hierg was dead l. 10. p. 4. that Charles Prince of Spain was made away l. 7. p 45. that Mondragonio was dead l. 10. p. 4. that Philip the second was killed l. 4. p. 77. that he was to come into the Lowcountries l. 5. p. 140. that the Prince of Orange was slain l. 10. p. 9. that the Low-countrey Lords had conspired against the King l. 5. p. 99. that the Covenanters would come to Bruxells l. 5. p. 103. that Granvell was to return into the Low-countries l. 4. p. 81. l. 7. p. 68 69. that the Castle of Limburg was fired c. l. 10. p. 4. that Charles the ninth of France had concluded a Peace with the Hugonots l. 7. p. 73. that the King of Navarre was to be married to the Queen of Scots l. 3. p. 59. Rupelmund the attempt of an Heretical Priest there Prisoner l. 4. p. 83. Ruremund stormed by the Prince of Orange l. 7. p. 75. besieged by the Estates l. 9. p. 49. relieved Ibid. Ruart of Brabant a title conferred by the Estates upon the Prince of Orange l. 9. p. 36. what king of Magistracy it was ibid. what persons have been formerly elected ibid. Rythovius Bishop of Ipre vide Martin Sentences in R. RELIGION among Hereticks is not their own but accidental and translatitious l. 5. p. 138. RELIGION and Law are to be Patronized and upheld as the Pillars of a Kingdome l. 1. p. 4. Cities seldome change RELIGION onely l. 3. p. 36. As often as the Sacred Anchor of RELIGION is weighed so often the Ship of the Common-VVealth is tossed l. 2. p. 36. RELIGION once lost can never be repaired with addition either of VVealth or Empire l. 5. p. 123. In acute diseases sometimes desperate REMEDIES are not unskilfully applyed l. 10. p. 11. Never did any Army RETREAT without some losse l. 10. p. 8. S. SAbina Palatina â—avier married to Count Egmont l. 7. p. 53. her humble Petition for her husbands life sent into Spain l. 7. p. 49. Sabines fighting with the Romans by the Bank of Anio l. 7. p. 56. Sacrâ—moro Burago l. 9. p. 57. Salvator Bishop of Clusino l. 1. p. 18. Samaniego l. 10. p. 7. Samblemont a Colonel l. 9. p. 54. Sencerre in Aquitain its siege compared with the Siege of Harlem l. 7. p. 79 80. Sancho Avila Captain of the Duke of Alva's Life-Guard l. 6. p. 30. sets a Guard upon Culemburg house l. 6. p. 33. beats Hochstrat beyond the Moes l. 7. p. 46. is wounded l. 7. p. 63. commands a Fleet for the relief of Midleburg l. 8. p. 2. defeats Lewis of Nassau at Mooch l. 8. p. 3. the Mutiny of the Spaniards against him l. 8. p. 4. General of the Foot in the Zeland Expedition l. 8. p. 9. Sailes into Philipland ibid. from thence to Duveland l. 8. p. 13. his Complaints against the Royal Senate and Theirs against him l. 8. p. 18. he supplyes the Spaniards at Alooft ibid p. 22. being Governour of the Fort at Antwerp he receives the Spaniards marching thither ibid. with-holds the Souldiers at the Sack of Antwerp l. 8. p. 24. departs out of the Low-Countries with the Spaniards l. 9. p. 32. Sancho Leva son to Sancho Vice-Roy of Navarre l. 10. p. 6. Sancho Londognio a Colonel l. 6. p. 30. takes the Consul of Antwerp by Orders from the Duke of Alva l. 6. p. 33. Sanctaâ—ruâ— vide Prospero Saint 〈◊〉 the Church l. 9. p. 44. the Battle l. 1. p. 11. l. 7. p. 53. General of the Horse l. 1. p. 11. Sardinia offered in lieu of the Kingdome of Navarre l. 3. p. 59. Sardinian Regiment l. 6. p. 30. l. 7. p. 47. burnes many Villages l. 7. p. 57. punished by the Duke of Alva ibid. 58. how much was lost by that fire ibid. Sarra Mortinengo serves in France l. 9. p. 57. Savoy the Dukedome l. 5. p. 137. l. 6. p. 21. Savoy the Duke l 2. p. 44. l. 6. p. 30. marrieth Katherine daughter to the King of Spain l. 4. p. 82 83. l. 6. p. 35. vide Emanuel Philibert Saulio vide Antonio Saxony the Electorate l. 5. p. 116. Sâ—x the Duke l. 1. p. 8. vide Augustus Maurice Saying of the Duke of Alva touching the Punishment due to the Gaâ—tois l. 7. p. 39. touching the Princes confederate against his King l. 7. p. 59. touching the King recalling him from Exile l. 7. p. 82. Of the Courage of Vitelli l. 7. p. 62. of the Mutineers of Alooâ—t l. 8. p. 22. Of the Lowâ—countrey men concerning Alva l. 7. p. 9â— of Charles the fifth after the Abdication of this Empire l. 1. p. 5. touching the Nature of the Low-countrey men l. 6. p. 23. of the Magnitude of Gant l. 7. p. 39. of a Captain to Charles the fifth l. 1. p. 10. of Cardinal Granvell when he heard the Prince of Orange was not caught l. 6. p. 33 34. of the besieged Leideners l. 8. p. 6. of Octavi◠〈◊〉 touching the â—â—ity of Neighbour Princes l. 4. p. 91. of Philip the second relating to the Duke of Alva's Death l. 7. p. 82. of Vitelli to the Duke of Alva l. 7. p. 60. of the Common people on the General of an Army l. 7. p. 83. vide Words Scamaneler a River l. 1. p. 2. Scander Bashaw wounded taken by Alexander Faâ—neze l. 9. p. 46. Scaremberg sent to meet the German Embassadours l. 6. p. 18. answers them in Senate in the Governesse's name ibid. Scauwemburg a Colonel sent for from Germany to the siege of Valencians l. 6. p. 8. comes with his Regiment ibid. appointed with part thereof to
Sernapulius discovers many designs of the Covnnanters l. 5. p. 110. Sermons of the Hereticks much frequented l. 5. p. 116. l. 7. p. 50. not possibly to be silenced l. 5. p. 127. the Covenanters desire it may be free for their Audience to come to them l. 5. p. 129. which is permitted l. 5. p. 130 141 143. Servants to the Lords what kind of Liveries they wore l. 4. p. 78. Siena taken l. 1. p. 10. the Maritime parts harrassed l. 8. p. 14. Sheaf of Arrowes an Emblem assumed by the Low-countrey Lords l. 4. p. 78. Showr of blood l. 7. p. 53. Ship the Admiral that Carried Charles the fifth sunk l. 1. p. 5. Princesse Marie's Ship endangered l. 4. p. 93. of the Covenanters taken l. 6. p. 19. of Count Bolduc fights gallantly yeilds l. 7. p. 81. the Turkish Treasurer's Galley taken by Alexander Farneze l. 9. p. 46. Ships to meet the King of Spain l. 6. p. 29. of the Spaniards and Low-countrey men stayed by arrest in England and of the English in the Low-countries and Spain l. 7. p. 66. Portugal ships taken ibid. Free-booters infest Holland and Frisland l. 7. p. 71. the Prince of Orange's ships shooting the Royallists at their pleasure l. 8. p. 12. 150 Sail l. 7. p. 73. l. 8. p. 8. a Multitude of ships sailing over Meadowes and Woods l. 8. p. 7. Naval fights l. 8. p. 1 2 c. vide Fleet Sichem possessed by the Prince of Orange l. 7. p. 75. summoned by Alexander Farneze l. 9. p. 54. refuseth to submit is stormed ibid. taken and plundered Ibid. the Fugitives slain ibid. the Fort holds out Ibid. is taken by assault l. 9. p. 55. the Garrison punished ibid. Sicilian Regiment l. 6. p. 30. Simon Favean a Calvinist imprisoned l. 3. p. 62. forcibly taken out of the Gaole ibid. condemned ibid. Simon Regnard a Senator l. 3. p. 67. Delegate from the King of Spain to confirm the Truce made with the French King l. 2. p. 41. loseth the Kings Favour ibid. incourageth private meetings against the King l. 3. p. 67. his hatred to Granvel l. 2. p. 41. an Emulation begun when they were Children l. 3. p. 76. sent for out of the Low-countries into Spain ibid. Saigniac rendred to Don Iohn l. 9. p. 57. Solimâ—n the Turkish Emperour sends an Embassadour into France l. 4. p. 88. Assignes a City and Territory to the Jewes l. 5. p. 138 139. Soliman Arais l. 8. p. 15. Solitude beloved l. 1. p. 6 10. l. 10. p. 21. Sonoi a Water Gheuse Revolts from the King of Spain l. 7. p. 71. turns Pirat ibid. Sorbon D. Complaints l. 3. p. 63. Sorian vide Iohn Spinosa vide Didaco Spaniards Victorious at St. Quintin l. 1. p. 11. at Graveling ibid. 12. in Garrison in the LowCountries l. 1. p. 17 24. l. 2. p. 47. l. 6. p. 31. l. 7. p. 39. l. 10. p. 5. rebellions against the Emperour l. 2. p. 27. Retained in the Low-Countries l. 2. p. 28. dismissed l. 3. p. 52. Auxiliaries at Limoges l. 3. p. 58. Sail into Spain l. 3. p. 52. return into the Low-Countries l. 6. p. 30. l. 7. p. 58. swim the river Albis with their Swords between their teeth l. 9. p. 30. Defeat Count Hochstrat l. 7. p. 46. recover Daâ— l. 7. p. 48. receives a blow l. 7. p. 47. rout Lewis of Nassau l. 7. p. 54. Conquer at Geming l. 7. p. 55 56. and at the River Geta l. 7. p. 62. are beaten l. 7. p. 72. take the Abbey d' Espine l. 7. p. 74. overthrow the French at St. Gisâ—en ibid. besiege Mons ibid assault the Prince of Orange's Camp in their Shirts l. 7. p. 76. recover Mons l. 7. p. 77. plunder Mechlin ibid. Zutphen ibid. raise the siege at Goes ibid. take Zuitbeverland l. 7. p. 78. wade over the Ocean ibid. burne Nardem ibid. besiege Harlem ibid. take it l. 7. p. 79. are beaten in the Sea l. 7. p. 80. l. 8. p. 2. lose Midelburg ibid. win the battel of Mooch l. 8. p. 3. besiege Layden l. 8. p. 6. are besieged by the Prince of Orange l. 8. p. 8. retreat with losse ibid. storm Towns ibid. attempt the Zeland Expedition l. 8. p. 9. descend into Philipland ibid. p. 10. passe thorow the Sea on foot l. 8. p. 12. the last division forced to return ibid. the middle Regiment sâ—ain ibid. the Van arrives in Duveland ibid. is Victorious l. 8. p. 13. goes over to Sceldt ibid. takes part of the Island ibid. besiegeth Ziriczee ibid. takes it ibid. assists the Alostanians l. 8. p. 18. loseth the Castle of Gant l. 8. p. 20 21. routs the Glimeans ibid. recovers and plunders Maestricht ibid. marcheth to Antwerpt ibid. 22. takes their Trenches ibid. 23. fires the Palace of Justice ibid. plunders the Town ibid. sends an Agent to the King ibid. goes from the Low-Countries into Italy l. 9. p. 32 33. from Italy by Alexander Farneze are brought back to the Low-Countries l. 9. p. 41. overthrow the Enemy at Gemblac l. 9. p. 49. storm Gemblac l. 9. p. 52. take Sichem l. 9. p. 54. and Limburg l. 10. p. 2. their new Army in the Low-Countries l. 10. p. 6. the confidence of the Spanish Souldiers l. 6. p. 30. l. 7. p. 76. the Low-Countrey-mens hatred against them l. 2. p. 47. l. 7. p. 71 72. l. 8. p. 19 22. their Edict and meeting to destroy them l. 8. p. 20. and Consultation l. 3. p. 51. their Complaints l. 9. p. 30. piety l. 7. p. 55 57. their ships arrested in the Ports of England l. 7. p. 66. their Constancy in a siege l. 8. p. 8. the League of Gant made against them l. 8. p. 21. their Execution done upon the Enemy l. 9. p. 31. Conquerours for almost 10. years together ibid. The attempt of a Spanish Lievtenant l. 8. p. 8. the Valour of another Captain l. 8. p. 12. Discord among the Spanish Governours l. 8. p. 19. the Spanish Fleet fraughted with gold from the Indies l. 1. p. 6. Spanish Regiments l. 6. p. 29 30. l. 8. p. 18 c. Spanish Senators clapped up Prisoners l. 8. p. 20. vide Expedition Sedition and Victory Souldiers burnt in a house l. 7. p. 62. carried into Zeland l. 6. p. 2. put in Garrison l. 3. p. 52. l. 6. p. 6. wading the Sea l. 8. p. 10. vide Army Expedition Spaniards Italians c. Sparrowes of Wood flying about a Room l. 1. p. 7. Spies under a Jealous Prince l. 5. p. 134. their mutuall errour l. 6. p. 7. their ridiculous mistake l. 7. p. 54. womâ—n Spyes l. 7. p. 74. Statue in the Fort at Antwerp l. 7. p. 64. broken l. 9. p. 38. melted again ibid. State vide Councel States deputed vide Estates Senate Stavely vide Philip. Stephano Mutino an Italian Colonel l. 10. p. 7. Stephano Serra the Spanish Admiral l. 7. p. 66. Stephania Requesenes l. 8. p. 15. Stipend vide Money
but likewise from all the Calvinists of France as from a Plantation of Geneva especially from the Prince of Conde Head of the Faction Who gâ—ad of that Occasion to make Levies promised and sent Assistance to Geneva under the Command of Mombrune And the Prince himselfe with Gaspar Colligny began their publique Musters in France preteÌ„ding to King Charles a feare the Spaniards that accounted them as Enemies had a designe to take them unprepared Nay they would have perswaded the King to raise an Army and not let slip such an Opportunity as fairer could not be to revenge himselfe of a Nation that ever hated France It was true that the Spanish Army both for the Goodnesse of Souldiers and Noblenesse of Commanders was a most select and considerable one yet in their passage through the Straits and over the Mountaines on the one side by the French on the other by the Geneveses and Swisse they might easily be distressed and cut off And then all King Philip's Spanish and Italian Forces being overthrowne as it was not to be doubted but either a way might be opened to recover Millaine left naked of old Souldiers or it was but marching into the Lowcountreys and that people willingly would receiue the French to whose Armes they must acknowledge themselves obliged for their delivery from the Spanish But if neither of these Projects tooke effect yet certainely for many years a warre was not to be feared from those that having lost such an army could not in a long time recruite The Prince of Conde added that if it would please the King to raise forces for that warre he would bring his Maiesty 50000 men Thus under a specious colour for the publick safety they offered his Maiesty the Army which they had privately designed for their Rebellion like true Hugonots who call that the Kings Security which is indeed his Captivity But the French King knowing what they aymed at lest by provoking a Potent Prince he might at one time be ingaged in a Forreine and Civill Warre replyed it was neither agreable to the Honour nor Valour of the French to circumvent a King neare to him in Affinity and Freindship But to secure his Kingdome from the Spaniards in their March he would giue Order for the raising of a new Army Withall he signified to King Philip the Condition of his Civill Discords by reason whereof he could not promise Security to his Forces if they came And now the Duke of Alva transported in the Galleys of Andrea Doria and Cosmo Duke of Florence with his new Spanish Souldiers that were to supply the old Italian Garrisons arrived at Millaine where falling into a Feauer he was forced to remaine At which time upon notice of the Army which the Duke of Alva was to bring into the Lowcountryes and that the King himself would follow for so it was reported the Governesse endeavoured to disswade his Maiesty from coming in a Warlike manner which would be of no use but to imbroile the Provinces againe That the Lowcountreys were at present in a peaceable condition returned to their Religion and Obedience nor wanted they strength and Men by which as this Condition was acquired so it might be preserued and increased by the King's presence if he came alone but if he brought a new and mighty Army what would it import but great Expences to the King and noe lesse Poverty to the Lowcountryes Vpon the very Rumour of a forreine Army diverse Tradesmen and Merchants familyes were now departed and when they heard of the Armyes nearer Approcahes more would leave the Country because they knew there would be noe Trading in a time of Warre and yet they must pay Sessments and great Taxes for maintaining Souldiers Besides the Feare of the People that cannot but thinke these Forces to be their Executioners the indignation of the Nobility whose good Service in quieting the late Commotions would seeme to be slighted and the certaine Relapse of the Place into Heresy that would returne into the Lowcountreys with a Lutheran Army out of Germany and which out of the premisses she prophetically concluded it would cause by that inexpiable Hatred antipathy betweene the two Nations a bloudy Civill Warre for many Ages Wherefore she earnestly beseeched his Majesty that laying aside this unseasonable Designe of Armes he would come peaceably into the Provinces more like a father then a King and that by his presence and Wisdome he would add to these happy Beginnings what was only desirable Continuation This Letter the Governesse sent by an Extraordinary Gaspar Robley Lord of Bill and Governour of Philipvill that being presented by a person of Honour it might have more Authority with the King But it neuer moved him who replyed his Army should come into the Lowcountreys for no other End but to establish peace And this was writ to the Governesse in the King's name by Rui Gomez a Sylva Prince of Ebolo who likewise sent her Excellence Newes of the Marquesse of Bergen's Death which happened in the Kings Absence from Madrid Iohn Glimèe Marquesse of Bergen Op Zoom a City in the farthest part of Brabant was the last yeare sent from the Low-countreys into Spaine with Florence Momorancy Lord of Montin nor was his Embassy very well received the King being excessively inraged at the Violation of their Churches and Defection of their Cityes Therefore the Marquesse begging leave to returne very often but still in vaine because the Governesse had privately advised the King not let the Embassadours goe so long as the Troubles lasted when he had now sufficiently discovered the Plot upon him both by his Delayes at Court and his mock-hopes as if he should every day returne into the Low-countryes with the King weary of the Imployment and struck with the Duke of Alva's being chosen Generall he fell sick and despairing of his Recovery sent for the Prince of Ebolo his old Friend to whom they say he grievously complained of the King and prayed he would deliver to his Majesty these words from a dying man that should no more speake for himselfe That it much grieved him not only to have no value put upon the many painefull services hee had done but likewise to see himselfe suspected and looked upon as an Enemy yet he hoped that his Fidelity and the perfidiousnesse and calumnâ—es of his Maligners would once though too late appeare A while after having settled all worldly businesse on the one and twentieth of May he dyed some say poysoned as if no man frowned upon by his Prince could dye a naturall death For my part I meane not to affirme it otherwise then as a Conjecture He was equally beloved by Charles the fifth and his Son Philip from him he received the title of Marquesse this for his gallant Service at Saint Quintin chose him out of all the Low-countrey-Lords to go over with him into
England to his Marriage with Queene Mary at his returne he created him Knight of the Golden-Fleece and made him Grandvenâ—ur or Justice in Eyre and Governour of Haynolt In which Province because he seemed not according to his duty seriously to advance the Catholique cause though he himselfe was seriously a Catholique the Governesse was then much displeased with him and a few months after his Decease being for the same attainted of High Treason he was condemned by the Duke of Alva The Governesse receiving the newes of his Death speedily that is within eight dayes written as I said from the Prince of Ebolo immediatly before the Report could be divulged sent Mandevill with a select Company of Fire-locks framing a Letter to the Lady-Marquesse of Bergen That she heard the Hereticks of that Towne offended with the late Edict endeavoured some Innovation therefore she had in haste dispatched Souldiers to guard her and the City to make them the welcomer had chosen out of her Ladiship 's Vncle Beavor's Regiment Captaine Mandevill whom She had commanded to receive Orders from her Ladyship Her Husband 's Death she mentioned not lest it might lessen the Favour and move a suspition of the thing intended But when she sent away the Captaine being a man of approved Fidelity she discovered to him that hee was in the King's name to possesse himselfe of the Towne He should indeed serve the Lady-Marquesse in any thing that might be for her safety but if she refused his Souldiers or commanded them to depart the Towne he must tell her he could not doe it without acquainting the Governesse In the meane while by writting Letters and expecting Answers he should spinne out the time till his Majesty expressed his absolute pleasure For the Prince of Ebolo from the King and afterwards the King himselfe had writ to the Governesse that she was to bring the Marquesse's cause to a Triall and if he were found to have been privy to the Tumults and Rebellion his Estate should be confiscated otherwise it should descend to his Heires The King added in his own Hand That whereas the Marquesse had declared his Sister's Daughter his Heire who was said to have no good Catholique Education the Governesse should find meanes to get her out of her Father's hands and breed her till she were married to that Kinsman unto whom the Marquesse had by his will disposed her The City she forthwith seized but the young Lady her Mother was a great while fearefull to deliver And after the Governesse had been present at the Procession wherein the Body of our Lord and Saviour was carryed through Antwerp then solemnized with more exquisite preparations and Pompe then ever and followed with such multitudes and Reverence that one would thinke they had not so much as conversed with Hereticks her Excellence leaving Count Mansfeldt and 13. Companies in the Town with the rest and a great Traine of Lords returned to Bruxells there to expect the Duke of Alva whose coming every day more afflicted her and many that loved him not aggravated her distaste telling her that by his Pride all which she had with so much paines and wisdome reconciled and composed would be presently put into confusion and he would make Troubles which it might be thought he was come from Spaine to quiet whilst the Honour Settlement only due to the governesse would by his vaine-glory be numbred among his Triumphs The Governesse therefore not only expressed to the King her Resentment in her Letter by Gaspar Robley but likewise writing to the Duke of Alva to congratulate his Arrivall at Millaine she let him understand the State of the Low-countryes and wished him to advise whether it would not be a greater Act of prudence to disband part of his Army then by those unseasonable Forces and Expences to irritate the Low-countryes which were now reduced to Obedience such a Remedy in most mens Iudgements being too strong for the Disease But the Duke of Alva pretended the King's command And the Prince of Ebolo by Robley who was dispatched from Spaine about the end of Iune answered her That the King was carefull of his Sister's Estimation purchased of all the world for governing the Low-countryes with so singular wisdome in so dangerous times taking Cityes subduing Rebels and at length vigorously reducing all the Low-countryes to their Religion and Loyalty Nor was Alva sent to rob her of any part of that glory wholly appropriate to her Highnesse but that by serving her with his endeavours and counsells what was gained might be preserved with lesse troubles to the Governesse and no envy that could reflect upon her for punishing of Delinquents But nothing so much satisfied her as the King's-Letter sent by Lopius Gallus after Robley's departure wherein giving thanks to his Sister for so industrious and wise an Establishment of Peace he said he would shortly better expresse those thankes in person longing exceedingly to be an Eye-witnesse of her vertue And among other commands injoyned her to have in readinesse at least eight Sayle of Ships to meet him whensoever an Expresse came of his weighing Anchors And the Governesse in good earnest provided the Shipps the Senat decreeing that for the King 's happy Voiage publique Prayers should be made which neverthelesse his majesty meaning to stay at home needed not as some said comparing him to Tiberius Caesar who gave out from day to day that he would leaue Rome and suffered the Empire diverse times to make the like supplications for his good Journey and Returne long busying the Roman Provinces with that Expectation But the beliefe of the King's Expedition was to be maintained with such new Scenes or else the Play would have been spoyled Howsoever the Duke of Alva equally distastfull to the Nobility and the People would have been much worse received by the Low-country-men if they had not perswaded themselves by these appearing hopes that the King himselfe would shortly follow And now the Duke of Alva having perfectly recovered his Health when he came to Ast tooke the generall Musters of his Army which being greater in worth then number though feare among the timerous had multiplyed the very number he found to consist of 8700. Foote and but 1200. Horse For the Duke cared not for multitude which commonly is a hindrance to the March but desired to have stout men and valiant hands not many names meaning afterwards to increase them more opportunely in the Low-countreys where without danger he might adde to his old Army as to a body strong in nerves and bone as much young flesh that is untrained Souldiers as he pleased The Foot in a manner all Spanish he distributed into foure Legions in regard they were raised out of foure Provinces commanded by so many Spanish Colonels conspicuous for their abilities in warre Alphonso Vlloa