Athelstan had for his share the countries of Kent and of the South East-Saxons and Ethelwolf the rest of England with the praerogatiue and title of Monarch or chiefe king of the whole At the same time likewise Burdred commaunded Mercia but substituted and vnder the right of Ethelwolf and the English Monarches Ethelbald and Ethelbert kings of England sons to Ethelwolf Hereof Ethelbert inherited Kent with the East and South-Saxons the portion of his vncle Athelstan The rest with the right of chiefe king or Monarch of the English fell to the lot of Ethelbald the elder brother This last tooke to his incestious bed his stepmother Iudith daughter to Charles surnamed the Bauld king of West-France widdow to his father Ethelwolf married after his death which hapned shortly after to Bauldwin the first Earle of Flanders He deceasing his brother Ethelbert remained sole king of the English Ethelbert sonne to Ethelwolf after the decease of Ethelbald sole Monarch of England Ethelred the first king of England brother to Ethelbald and Ethelbert During the troublesome raigne hereof through the advantage of the warres of the Danes the East-Angles shake off the yoake of the English Monarches creating holy Edmund their king martyred by Hungar Hubba two Danish Captaines and succeeded vnto by princes of this merciles Pagan Nation After stout resistance and many battails fought he was at last slaine against the Danes Alfrid king of England fourth sonne to Ethelwolf brother to the three preceding Kings Great was the valour amongst other vertues of this vnparaleld and matchles princes if not altogether vanquishing yet repressing the furie of the raging and vnconquerable Danes threatning now an vtter destruction of the English nation brought to a low ebbe through their long restles invasions frequent victories depopulations tyranny He founded or rather renewed the most auncient aud renowned Vniversity of Oxford and first parted the land into shires tithings and hundreds deceasing in the yeares 901. Edward surnamed the Elder king of England son to Alfred He made subject the East-Angles and all other parts possessed by the now languishing and droping Danes excepting Northumberland held yet by princes of that natiō Athelstan king of Englād son to Edward He twise vanquished in fight Constantine king of the Scots assisted with the Irish subdued the Britons of Cumberland with the remainder of the Danes inhabiting Northumberland made the Welsh tributary and confined the Cornish within the River Tamar their present bounds the greatest and most victorious of the English Monarches before his time deceasing in the yeare 940. Edmund the first king of England son to Edward and brother to Athelstan The Danes of Northumberland revolting he againe brought vnder annexed that province to his immediate government He also quite ouerthrew the kingdome of the Britons of Cumberland killing the two sons of Dummailus their last king whose country hee gaue vnto Malcolme the first king of Scotland with condition of homage to the English Crowne and of his defence of those Northerne parts against the Danish intruders Edred King of England son to Edward and brother to Athelstan He the third time tamed and brought vnder the ever restles rebellious Danes of Northumberland Edwy King of England son to Edmund the first Against this prince nothing gratious with his subjects Edgar his brother next successour vsurped the dominion of the still vnquiet Northumbrians Mercians Edgar King of England surnamed the peaceable in regard of his quiet raigne not molested with forraigne or domestique warres nor ordinarie in those tumultuous stirring times son to Edmund brother to Edwy He remitted the taxe of money imposed by Athelstan vpon the Welshmen for a tribute of wolues Edward the second king of England son to Edgar surnamed the Martyr from the manner of his death murthered by the treachery of his stepmother Elfrida coveting the kingdome for her son Ethelred Ethelred the second king of England son to Edgar Elfrida halfe brother to Edward In his time the Danes who had laine still during the late raigne of his victorious praedecessours subdued or beaten home through the high valour of Alfred Athelstan and other succeeding English Monarches renew their wonted outrages on all sides with furie vnresistable pillaging spoyling the countrie encouraged by the quarrells factions and bad affection of his disloyall subjects withdrawing or forslowing their aides or betraying his armies after much calamity and affliction compounded withall by Ethelred and not long after vpon Saint Brice his festivall and in the yeare 1002 massacred in one day by the commaund hereof and a joint conspiracy of the English drawing on a more sharpe revenge dreadfull warre of the nation vnder Sueno Canutus their potent much incensed kings not ending but with the English Monarchy of the West-Saxons and the finall conquest hereof by Canutus After a long but miserable raigne he deceased in the yeare 1016. Edmund the second from his hardie valour surnamed the Iron-side son to Ethelred the second succeeding his father in the kingdome of England in his vnfortunate warre with the Danes Having fought sundry stout battailes and one single combate with Canutus in the I le of Alney by Glocester comming to an agreement with the Dane he parted with him the kingdome of England contenting himselfe with the more Southern moity hereof deceasing after a seaven moneths raigne a short time for so many braue acts which in that space he atchieued in the yeare 1016 about 567 yeares after the first arrivall of the Dutch vnder Hengist some 197 yeares since the name beginning of the kingdome by Egbert Edmund Iron-side thus removed out of the way the whole kingdome of the English tyred out with long miseries of war yeelded to Canutus and the Danes whose estate and succession followeth during their rule government over the English THE KINGDOME OF ENGLAND VNDER THE DANES COncerning this Nation wee haue more fully related in the discourse of Germany They were a Dutch people for thus their Dutch dialect or language doth manifest Their name we conjecture from the bay Codanus Iland Codanonia of Mela now the Sundt Iland of Zelandt where and in the adjacent countries the Nation since their first mention hath alwayes continued When they begun we finde not Iornandes is the first of auncient authours by whom they are named living in the time of the Emperour Iustinian the first Their Countrey then he maketh to be the neighbouring Scanzia or Scandia most probably now Hallandt Schonen and Bleking or the part in that Continent of the present Denmarke We adde the Ilands of Zeland Funen with others lying in the straights of the Sundt Afterwards the exact time we know not they spread into the bordering Cimbrain Chersonese in the maine land of Germany taking vp the left roomes of the Iutes English departing into the Iland of Britaine vnder Hengist By the raigne of Charles
the Great king of the Frenchmen vnder their king Godfrey wee finde them in Aymonius extended Southwards in the Chersonesse as far as the riuer Eydore dividing them from the Saxons beyond the Elb the present bounds now of Denmark from the land of Holstein and the German Empire In the yeare 787 and raigne of Brithric king of the West-Saxons agreeing with the 20 yeare of Charles the Great we first heare of them in England with three ships landing in the South-West parts hereof not so much attempting a conquest as making a discouery of the country In the next raigne of Great Egbert they first to any purpose invaded the Iland arriuing at seuerall times in the Iland of Lindisferne in the North in Wales and in the I le of Shepeye in Kent not without much difficulty driuen out by Egbert He deceasing they fell on with greater power and rage in the raignes of his sons Ethelwolf and Athelstan and of the succeeding English Monarches sons to Ethelwolf laying waste and beating downe all before them and subduing the Provinces of the Mercians East-Angles and Northumbrians where the English Governours or Princes being either slaine or beaten out they erected petty tyrannies of their owne Nation omitting no kinde of barbarous cruelty vpon the miserable and distressed inhabitants By the wisdome patience and great valour of learned Alfred this violent torrent is somewhat asswaged and the edge of their fury abated By Edward surnamed the Elder the East-Angles are recovered and vnited againe to the English Empire By Athelstan Northumberland or the rest of England the Danes being either wholy expulsed by him or made subject to his government mixing amongst and ioyning in alliance with the English By Edmund the first and Edred the Danes rebelling in Northumberland are againe vanquished and reduced into the English obedience after whom we heere read no more of them during the more peaceable raignes of Edwy Edgar and Edward surnamed the Martyr and vntil Ethelred the second In the vnfortunate raigne of this Prince they begin afresh their intermitted pyracies war which after the treacherous massacre of the Nation by Etheldred they maintained with a more eager pursuit and bloudie revenge managed in person by Swaine and Canutus their powerfull kings In the yeare 1016 both sides wearied with their continuall fights and mutuall butcheries they come to a composition with the English and the kingdome is divided betwixt the reconciled kings Canutus son to Swaine and Edmund Ironside son to Etheldred The death of the Iron-side hapning in the same yeare put shortly an end to this division and a beginning to the Monarchie of the Danes after whom the English loath as before any more to hazard submitted voluntarily to Canutus and the Danish government The time from the first arrivall of the Danes in the raigne of Brithricus king of the West-Saxons vnto the conquest of England by Canutus was 229 yeares The male issue of Canutus fayling in his son Hardi-canute the English in the person of Edward surnamed the Confessour resume the soveraignty the Danes thrust out The kings of England follow of the Danish descent off-spring Canutus surnamed the Great king of England Denmarke Norweye and Sweden son to Swaine He tooke to wife Emme sister to Richard the third Duke of Normandy widow to king Ethelred mother to Edward the Confessour Peace his kingdome established hee vnburthened the land of the multitudes of his Danish souldiers contented with a large salary at the request of Emme sent back into their Country Hauing governed with much piety iustice moderation for the space of 19 yeares hee deceased in the yeare 1035 buried at Winchester Harold king of England naturall son to Canutus intruding in the absence of his brother Hardi-canute to whom England with Denmarke had beene allotted by the will of Canutus He deceased without issue in the yeare 1040. Hardi-canute king of England son to Canutus Emma He deceased likewise sans issue in the yeare 1042 the last prince of the Danish bloud The house of Canutus being thus extinguished the Crowne of England all Danish forraine bloud by a present Decree of the States excluded returneth againe vpon the English Edward for his Saint-like life surnamed the Coufessour son to Ethelred Emma is sent for out of France where with Richard William Dukes of Normandy he had soiourned during the Danish vsurpation by a generall consent succeedeth in the kingdome to whom besides his nearenesse in regard of his English descent the right of the Danes did seeme in a manner to appertaine being halfe brother to the late deceased king THE KINGDOME OF ENGLAND recovered by the English or VVest-Saxons EDward surnamed the Confessour king of England son to king Ethelred the second Emma Daughter to Richard the second Duke of Normandy succeeding in the yeare 1042 Edward surnamed the out-law eldest son to Edmund Ironside the right heire remaining then in Hungarie passed ouer by the practise of Queene Emma very gracious in the subjects eyes or for that liuing in too forreine remote parts He deceased in the yeare 1066 marryed but hauing neuer vsed the company of his wife reputed in those blind times amongst his many true noble vertues deserving his accompt and name of Saint the last in the line masculine of the house of the West-Saxons Edward deceased Edgar Ethelinge the true heire son to Edward surnamed the out-law neglected as too young a forreiner borne in Hungary Harold son to Goodwin Earle of Kent Duke of the West-Saxons without either choyse or dislike of the irresolute English intrudeth into the Gouernment well approved for his great valour other Princely vertues befitting a king Harold king of England son to Goodwin Duke of the West-Saxons Earle of Kent succeeding in the yeare 1066 opposed by Harold Haardread king of Denmarke challenging the Crowne in the right of his Danish succession and by William surnamed the Bastard Duke of Normandy pretending the donation of Edward the Confessour The Dane vanquished slaine at Stamfordbridge in Yorkeshire with his torne and wearied troupes adventuring shortly after his person and the fortunes of the English against the Norman at the great battaile neare Hasting in Sussex he there most vnfortunately within the first yeare of his raigne lost both his kingdome and life the last English or Saxon king succeeded vnto by William the Conquerour and the Normans whose turne now falleth in the last place THE KINGDOME OF ENGLAND vnder the Normans THe word Normans or Nortmans signified Northerne men with the Dutch of which Nation and language they were The name was common to the Danes Norvegians and Swethlanders or to whatsoeuer German people inhabiting towards the Pole Artique and the North taken vp or giuen vnto them from such their more Northerly situation An ancient Frencb Historian liuing in the raigne of the Emperour Lewis the Godly about which time we finde them
wherein his father with the Normans had conquered the English annexing Normandy to his English Crowne his borther Robert being surprised in battaile and detayned prisoner during life He deceased in the yeare 1135 the first English-Norman king Stephen Earle of Mortaigne yonger son to Stephen Earle of Blois and Champaigne by Adcla daughter to the Conquerour king of England by the power of his faction the advantage of his sexe and the pretended will of king Henry vpon his death-bed opposed by Maude the onely legitimate daughter surviuing issue of Henry formerly wife to Henry the fourth Emperour of the Romans After long trouble warres betwixt the two sides a peace at length is concluded Stephen is continued in the possession of the Crowne to returne after his decease vpon Henry Fitz-Empresse son to Mande and to the heires of the first Henry Henry the second son to Geffrey Plantaginet Earle of Aniou in France Maude the Empresse daughter to Henry the first and Maude daughter to Malcolme king of Scotland and S t Margaret descended from king Edmund surnamed the Iron-side In this prince the surname of Plantaginet was first deriued vpon the house of England continued vnto Edward sonne to George Duke of Clarence the last Plantaginet or of the male issue hereof the rest extinguished during the ciuill warres betwixt the houses of Yorke and Lancaster put to death by king Henry the seaventh He marryed vnto Eleanor daughter and sole heire to William Duke of Aquitaine Guienne and by armes voluntary submission made first subiect the factious and devided Irish king of England Duke of Normandy Aquitaine Guienne Earle of Aniou The dominion title of Ireland he had given vnto his yongest son Iohn Maude his eldest daughter was married vnto Henrie surnamed the Lyon Duke of Saxony and Bavaria from whom are descended the present Dukes of Brunswyck and Lunenburg in Germany bearing the same armes with the more auncient kings of England Richard the first king of England Duke of Normandy Aquitaine Guienne Earle of Aniou son to Henrie the second He accompanied Philip surnamed Augusts king of France with other Latine princes towards the East for the recoverie of the Holy Land renowned for his victories against Saladine Sultan of Aegypt and the Infidels Not the least in that journey amongst his other conquest was that of the Cyprioâ—s whom occasioned by some hostile and churlish carriages of Cursar their king against his distressed and weather-beaten Fleete he in few daies subdued exchanging that Iland with Guy of Lusignan for the kingdome or title of Hierusalem remaining in the house of Guy for many descents vntill the vsurpation thereof by the Venetians He deceased without issue Iohn king of England Duke of Normandie Aquitaine and Guienne Earle of Aniou and Lord of Ireland which last title he first added yongest son to Henry the second opposed by Arthur Duke of Britaine son to Geffrey his elder brother and Constance inheretresse of that house He lost Normandy Aniou Touraine and Maine with Poictou part of the Dukedome of Aquitaine to Philip the second surnamed Augustus French king pretending their forfeiture holding of the French kings in fee vpon the decease of Arthur whom he surmised to haue beene murthered by Iohn forsaken in those troubles by his disloyall Nobility refusing their aydes and betrayed by the natiues of those countries better effected to the French Ingaged at once in three dangerous warres against the Pope Cleargie the French king and his rebellious subjects to make his peace with the Pope his more potent adversary and the chiefe authour of those evils Innocentius the third then succeeding in the Papacy he enthralled his Crowne to the tribute and vassallage of the sea of Rome Henry the third son to Iohn succeeding in the left dominions of his father and in his warres against the French and his traiterous English Barons Edward the first son to Henry the third He subdued the Scots and annexed the Welsh to his English kingdome Edward the second son to Edward the first He marryed vnto Isabel daughter to Philip the fourth French king deposed by a joint conspiracy of his disloyall Queene subjects pretending his bad government and vices Edward the third son to Edward the second Isabel of France The male issue of Philip the fourth extinguished in Charles surnamed the Faire in right from his mother daughter to Philip the next heire generall he made claime to the rich kingdome of France assuming the title hereof and quartering his English armoryes with the French Lillies continued still in his successours Hauing vanquished the French in two memorable battailes at Crecy and Poictiers taken Iohn their king prisoner he in the end nothwithstanding fortune changing lost to that enimy all Aquitaine and Guienne the remainder of the English possessions in that Continent Calais excepted yeelded vp by the treacherous inhabitants ill affecting the English government and coveting a revnion with France He deceased in the yeare 1378. Richard the second king of England France and Lord of Ireland son to Edward prince of Wales eldest son to Edward the third deposed by Henry the fourth without issue Henry the fourth king of England France Lord of Ireland son to Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster fourth son to Edward the third the first prince of the Lancastrian family whose vsurpation and vniust title gaue occasion afterwards to those long and miserable warres betwixt his house Yorke Henry the fift king of England France and Lord of Ireland eldest son to Henrie the fourth The field of Azincourt won and the vnfortunate French vnder a lunatike and weake king being devided into two great factions of Burgundie and Orleans by the aide of Burgundie hauing married Catharine the French kings daughter he is made Regent of France during the malady and indisposition hereof and declared his next successour to the Crowne Charles the Dolphin his son disinherited Henrie the sixt king of England France and Lord of Ireland son to Henry the fift Catherine of France Crowned French king at Paris in the yeare 1431. In the raigne hereof Richard Duke of Yorke layd claime to the Crowne of England in the right of the house of Clarence elder brother to Iohn of Gaunt father to king Henry the fourth ayded by Richard Nevile Earle of Warwick and other potent nobility the effect whereof was a bloody civill warre continued with variable fortune for the space of 25 yeares betwixt the two houses of Lancaster and Yorke the slaughter of the greatest part of the blood royall of both factions the deposing murder of this holy and just prince the irrecoverable losse of France by these tumults the establishing of the kingdome in Edward the fourth his succession the house of Yorke Edward the fourth son to Richard Plantaginet Duke of Yorke which Richard was son to Richard Earle of Cambridge sonne to Edmund Duke of Yorke fift son
surnamed the Stammerer joynt Kings created in the minority of Charles the Simple Lewis the second deceasing Carloman raigned alone who dyed not long after Lewis the third surnamed le Fay-neant sonne to Carloman His raigne was but short deposed for his slought many vices and shorne Monke of Saint Denys Charles surnamed the Fat son to Lewis the Auncient King of Germany and Emperour of the Romans called in by his faction elected King of West-France in the minority of Charles the Simple Hee was deposed not long after and deprived of all his estates dying in great misery and want nere vnto Constance in Germany in the yeare 889. Eudon guardian to Charles the Simple son to Robert Earle of Aniou son to Witichind prince of the Saxons in the raigne of the Emperour Charles the Great in the minority of his pupill after the Emperour Charles the Fat created French King After some two yeares raigne he was likewise deposed by this factious vnconstant nation succeeded vnto by Charles the Simple By meanes notwithstanding of this election there followed afterwards long quarrels and contention for the kingdome betwixt his kindred the house of Aniou and Charles the Simple and his issue during the whole Caroline line a chiefe pretence of Capets vsurpation Charles the Simple the legitimate son of the Emperour Lewis surnamed the Stammerer He had warres with Robert Earle of Aniou brother to King Eudon in regard of the election of Eudon pretending right to the kingdome and slaine by him in a battaill After a short and troublesome raigne caught imprisoned at Peronne by Hebert Earle of Vermandois and forsaken by the nobility hee resigned the kingdome to Rodulph Duke of Burgundy Transiuraine Rodulph Duke of Burgundy Transiuraine son to Conrade Earle of Burgundy Transiuraine brother to Robert the first Earle of Aniou vncle to King Eudon vpon the imprisonment and forced resignation of Charles the Simple elected French King Lewis the fourth son to Charles the Simple and Elgina daughter to Edward surnamed the Elder and sister to Athelstan Kings of England surnamed the Forreiner for that during the captivity of his father and the vsurpation of Rodulph he lived exiled with his vncle Athelstan in England after the death of the vsurper called home and restored to the kingdome Hee had wars with Hugh surnamed the Great Earle of Paris Majour of the Palace son to Robert the second jealous of the popularity greatnes and the ambition of that house Lothaire son to Lewis the fourth In the raigne hereof Hugh Capet heire of the house of Aniou son to Hugh the Great begun againe to renew the auncient quarell of his family touching the kingdome the which not long after he obtayned Lewis the fift son to Lothaire He dyed young without issue the last French King of the house of Charles the Great Hugh Capet son to Hugh the Great Earle of Paris and Majour of the Palace after much quarrell betwixt the houses of Aniou and of Charles the Great thorough a long basenes slougth and pusillanimity of the degenerate princes of that line the present dislike of Charles Duke of Lorraine the next heire the long greatnes and still growing popularity of his house his flattery and crafty insinuations with the nobility and people and religious pretences and of his right and succession to King Eudo and Rodulph in the yeare 965 elected king by this wavering nation Charles Duke of Lorraine excluded caught afterwards by him and imprisoned during life Robert son to Hugh Capet Henry the first younger son to Robert preferred by his father before Robert his elder brother succeeding in the Dukedome of Burgundy Philip the first son to Henry the first Lewis the sixt son to Philip the first Lewis the seaventh son to Lewis the sixt About the raigne of this prince dyed Iohn de Temporibus by the stiffe consent of the French and German writers reported to haue lived from the Emperour Charles the Great vnto this time for aboue the space of 300 yeares Philip the second surnamed Augustus sonne to Lewis the seaventh Lewis the eight son to Philip the second Lewis the ninth surnamed the Saint son to Lewis the eight Philip the third son to Lewis the ninth Philip the fourth surnamed the Faire son to Philip the third Lewis the tenth surnamed Hutin son to Philip the Faire Hee deceased without male issue Philip the fift surnamed the Tall brother to Lewis the tenth Hee also dyed without issue male Charles the fourth brother to Lewis Hutin and Philip the Tall. He also deceased without male issue Philip the sixt surnamed of Valois the next prince of the blood of the line masculine succeeding by the pretence of a Salique Law In the raigne hereof began those long and fierce wars betwixt the French Edward the third King of England descended of Isabel daughter to Philip the fourth pretending in this right for the kingdomes the issue whereof was the great overthrowes of the French at the battails of Crecy and Poictiers the captivity of Iohn French King and the restitution of Normandy and other parts of France taken from the English by King Philip Augustus lost notwithstanding not long after to King Charles the fift with Aquitaine Guienne vntill that time still held by the English nation Iohn French King sonne to Philip the sixt taken prisoner in the English warres by Edward Prince of Wales son to Edward the third at the battaile of Poictiers Charles the fift son to Iohn He recovered againe the countries of Normandy Aquitaine and Guienne and whatsoever else the English held in the continent of France the towne and forts about Calis onely excepted Charles the sixt son to Charles the fift In the raigne hereof fell out that fatall discord betwixt the houses of Orleans and Burgundy by the advantage whereof the weakenes of this phrenetique king and their victory at Agincourt Charles the Dolphin disinherited and Henry the fift King of England having married Catherinne his daughter made Regent of France the English again got seazed of the chiefest parts of the kingdome hereof Henry the sixt King of England being afterwards crowned king of France at Paris Charles the seaventh son to Charles the sixt After long trouble warres Philip the Good and the faction of Burgundy reconciled hee againe cleered France of the English the towne countrey of Calis excepted Lewis the eleaventh son to Charles the seaventh Charles the eight son to Lewis the eleaventh He dyed sans issue Lewis the twelth Duke of Orleans and Valois the next prince of the blood of the line masculine Hee marryed vnto Anne Dutchesse of Bretaigne and deceased without heire male Francis the first Duke of Engoulesme the next prince of the blood of the race masculine He marryed vnto Claude Dutchesse of Bretaigne daughter to Lewis the twelth Anne and incorporated Bretaigne to the crowne of France Henry the second son to Francis the first He wonne the towne countrey of
Calis from Mary queene of England Francis the second son to Henry the second Charles the ninth son to Henry the second and brother to Francis the second Henry the third son to Henry the second and brother to Francis the second and Charles the ninth These three brethren kings all dyed without issue the last princes of the house of Valois Henry the fourth King of Navarre son to Antony of Bourbon Duke of Vendosme Ioane queene of Navarre the next prince of the blood of the line masculine descended from Lewis the ninth surnamed the Saint slain at Paris by that wretched Assassinate Ravaillart Lewis the thirteenth son to Henry the fourth King of France Navarre now raigning The Earledome of Flanders THis belonged sometimes vnto the kingdome of West-France held still by the princes thereof vnder the fief of this crowne quitted vnto Philip and second king of Spaine and to the heires of the house of Burgundy by Henry the second French King the late league of Cambray Concerning the occasion and beginning of the name hereof we cannot relate any thing certainely The estate was begun after Wassenburg in the person of one Lideric Buc vnto whom the Countrey was given with the title of Forester by Dagobert the first French King at that time for the most part lying waste and without almost inhabitants thorough the vastnes of the woods and marishes and the pyracyes of the Danes In the person of Bauldwin the last Forester it was made an Earledome by the Emperour Charles the Bauld whose sister Iudith he had marryed in which stile it hath ever since continued It contayned then besides moderne Flanders the countrey of Artois and the parts of France where now lie Vermanduois Boulognois or vnto the Some By Earle Philip the first the parts of Vermanduois Artois and Boulognois were severed from Flanders given in way of dowry with Isabel daughter to his sister Margaret and Bauldwin Earle of Hainault vnto Philip Augustus French king since incorporated by this meanes vnto the Crowne of France part whereof became afterwards the Earledome of Artois The Princes follow Lideric Buc the first Forester son to Salvart Prince of Diion created by Dagobert French King according to Wassenburg in the yeare 611 after Heuterus in the yeare 621. Antony Buc son to Lideric Buc slaine by the Danes Boschart son to Lideric Buc and brother to Antony He was driuen out by Theodoric French king hauing only left vnto him the Lordship of Harlebec After this for about one hundred yeares space we reade not of any Foresters or Lords hereof the country in the meane time being miserably spoiled by the Norman and Danish pyrats Estored Lord of Harlebec afterwards Forester by whom the Normans were expulsed He liued in the time of Charles Martel Regent of France Lideric the second son to Estored Inguelran son to Lideric the second Odoacer son to Inguelran Bauldwin the first son to Odoacer Hauing married Iudith sister to the Emperour Charles the Bauld he was created by him first Earle of Flanders in whom ended the title of Foresters Bauldwin the second son to Bauldwin the first Arnold the first son to Bauldwin the second Bauldwin the third son to Arnold Arnold the second sonne to Bauldwin the third Bauldwin the fourth sonne to Arnold the second Hee had giuen vnto him the Iland of Walcheren in Zealand by the Emperour Henry the second the cause of long contention betwixt the houses of Flanders Holland quitted afterwards by Earle Guye of Flanders vnto Florentius the fift Earle of Holland Bauldwin the fift son to Bauldwin the fourth Bauldwin the sixt son to Bauldwin the fift He marryed Richilde Countesse of Hainault daughter to Regnier the third vniting for a time those two Earledomes in his succession and family He deceased in the yeare 1070. Arnold the third son to Bauldwin the sixt Earle of Flanders and Hainault slaine in battaile sans issue by his Vncle Robert Robert the first son to Bauldwin the fift and Vncle to Arnold the third His nephew Bauldwin brother to Arnold the third succeeded in the Earledome of Hainault by which meanes those two estates were againe divided Robert the second Earle of Flanders son to Robert the first Bauldwin the seauenth son to Robert the second Wanting heires he bequeathed Flanders vnto Charles surnamed the Good son to Canutus king of Denmarke and Adela Charles surnamed the Good son to Canutus king of Denmarke and Adela daughter to Robert the first He dyed sans issue William the first son to Robert Duke of Normandy eldest son to William surnamed the conquerour Duke of Normandy and king of England and Maude wife vnto the Conquerour daughter to Bauldwin the fift and sister to Bauldwin the sixt He enioyed not long the Earledome expulsed in regard of his tyranny and cruelty Theodoric son to Theodoric Earle of Elsatz and of Gertrud daughter to Robert the first William the Norman being driuen out slaine Hee deceased in the yeare 1168. Philip son to Theodoric Margaret eldest sister to Philip. She marryed vnto Bauldwin the sixt Earle of Hainault Namur vniting againe these two Earledomes in one family Bauldwin the ninth Earle of Flanders Hainault son to Bauldwin Margaret Ioane Countesse of Flanders Hainault daughter to Bauldwin the ninth She dyed sans issue Margaret the second Countesse of Flanders Hainault daughter to Bauldwin the ninth yonger sister to Ioane She marryed vnto William of Bourbon Lord of Dampierre She had before this marriage by Buscart Prior of S. Peter in L'isle her gurdian a base son named Iohn d'Avesnes succeeding afterwards in Hainault William the second son to William of Bourbon Lord of Dampier Margaret Earle onely of Flanders Iohn d'Avesnes son to Margaret Buscart by composition amongst the brethren succeeding in Hainault He dyed without issue Guy Earle of Flanders son to Margaret William Lord of Dampier yonger brother to William the second Robert the third son to Guy Earle of Flanders Lewis the first son to Lewis son to Robert the third Mary daughter to Iames Earle of Nevers Retel He marryed vnto Margaret heire of the Earledomes of Burgundy and Artois He was slaine fighting against the English in the battaile of Crecy Lewis the second surnamed Malan from a castle thus called the place of his birth Earle of Flanders Artois and Burgundy son to Lewis the first Margaret daughter to Philip the Long second king and Ioane Countesse of Artois and Burgundy Margaret Countesse of Flanders Burgundy Artois daughter to Lewis the second She married vnto Philip de Valois surnamed the Hardy Duke of Burgundy son to Iohn French king by meanes whereof these three Estates descended vpon the house of Burgundy afterwards of Austria The Earledome of ARTOIS THis tooke the name from the Atrebates the auncient inhabitants or otherwise from Arras the chiefe towne It was sometimes a part of Flanders giuen with other peeces anciently belonging to
l. 3. v. T. Livij Hist. Rom. li. 5. 38. Iustini Hist. lib. 20. 24. Plutarchum in vitâ Furij Camilli Pli. Nat. Hist. lib. 3. c. 1. c. Cornelium Tacitum de moribus Germanorum de Boiis Beati Rhenani Rerum Germanicarum li. 1. 2. de Boioarijs * v. infra a Bauldwin Earle of Flanders Emperour of Constantinopl c. b William the Conquerour D of Normandye K of England c. c Henry of Lortaine first Earle of Portugall c. d Charles Duke of Aniou King of Naples and Scicily c. e Charles Martel K. of Hungary sonne to Charles the Lame K. of Naples descended from Charles D. of Aniou etc. f Guy of Lusignan king of Hierusalem afterwards of Ciprus by the guift of Richard the first K. of England g Godfrey of Buillon D. of Lorraine and king of Hierusalem etc. h v. Ant. Mag. Geog. in Gal. lia c. * v. C. Iul. Caes. com Belli Gall. lib. 6. c. 8 9. c. a Euseb. Eccl. Hist. l. 3. c. 4. b Baron Annal Eccl. Anno Christi 118. c v. P. Ber. Co. Rerum Germ. lib. 3. d Magdeburg Cent. 1. l. 2. c. 2. e Baron Ann. Eccles. Ann. Christi 95. f Euseb. Eccl. Hist. l. 5. c. 1. g v. P. Orâ—s lib. 7. cap. 19. h v. suprà i The French Aunals k Ibidem l Ibidem m Marian. de Rebus Hispan l. 12. c. 1. n Confession Wald. per Balt. Lydium o Ioach. Cam. de frat Orth. Ecclesijs c. * v. Laâ— description gouernement des Respubliques du Monde par Gabriel Chappuyâ— en France a Les Recherches de la Fran. par Estienne Pasquiet * v. Les Antiquitez Recherches de France par Andre du Chesne * v. L. Histoire de France par Bernard de Girard Seigneur du Haillan en le Roy Pharamond les Recherches de France par Estienne Pasquier a En la terre Salique aucune portion de l' haereditè nè vienne à la femme L. Histoire de France par Barnard de Girard Seigneur du Haâ—llan en le Roy Pharamond * 〈◊〉 in frâ— * v. C. lul Caes. Comment belli Gallici lib. 1. c. 3. lib. 7. cap. 4. Ptol. Geog. l. 2. cap. 7. 8. 9. Histoire de Lyon par Claude de Rubys Pauli Merulae Cosm. p. 2. l. 3. c. 4. a Iurassus Clau. Ptolomaei b Rhodanus Caesar Comm. belli Gallic lib. 1. c. 3. c. Araris Caesar. Com. bel Gall. â—â—b 1. c. 4. c. Isara Ptol. lib. c. 10. Druentia Pt. â—â—b 2. c. 10. f Gatumna Cae. â—om bel Gall. â—â—b 1. c. 1. c. g Ligeris Caes. Com. bel Gal. â—â—b 7. cap. 5. c. Sequana Caes. Com. bel Gal. â—â—b 1. c. 1. c. Matrona Caes. Com. bel Gal. â—â—b 1. c. 1. Tabuda Ptol. â— 2. cap. 9. Scalâ—is Caesar. Com. â—el Gal. l. 6. cap. 2. Plin. â—at Hist. li. 4. c. 7. Sabis Caes. Co. â—el Gal. l. 5. c. 8. m Mosa Caesar. Com. bel Gal. â—â—b 5. c. 8. a Gallia Caesar Com c. Celtogalatia Ptol. Geog. l. 2 c. 7. * v. Livii Hist. l. â— Plutarch in vit Furii Camilli Claud. Marcelli C. Plin Nat. hist. lib. 3. c. 15. l. 4. c. 17. Eutrop. lib. 3. hist. Rom. Carolum Sigonium in Fastos Triumphos Consulares Iacobi Dalechampii Annotationes in lib. 3. c. 15. in lib. 4. c. 17. C. Plinii Nat. hist. b Quod placidiot esset Romano vestitu vteretur Iacobi Dalechampij Annot in l. 4. c. 17 Plin. Nat. Hist. Dionis l. 46. c Gallos traditur famâ dulcedine fruguÌ„ maximeque vini novâ cum voluptate captos Alpes transâ—jsse agrosque ab Hetruscis antea cultos possedisse T. Liv. hist. l. 5. d Rubicon hÃc fluvius quondam Italâ—ae finis C. Plin. Nat hist. l. 3. c. 15. Rubicon fluvius labitur inter Ariminum Casennam fluitque in Adriaticum mare Circa originem Rucon vel Rugon vocant cum longius provectus est mare versus Pisciatello Iacobi Dalechampii in Pli. Nat. hist. lib. 3. c. 15. Annotationes * Strab. Geog. l. 4. Claud. Ptolem l. 2. c. 7. etâ— * v. T. Livii Hist Rom. l. 5. Caij Iul. Caes. comment bel Gallici Strab. Geog. l. 4. Luc. Flori hist. Rom l. 3. c. 2. Herodoti Clio. * v. T. Liâ— Epitom l. 61 Lu. Flor. Hist Rom. lib. 3. c. 2. Strab Geog. li. 4. Caij Iu. Caes. Com. Bel. Gal. Pomp. Mel l. 3. Plut. in vuâ Iu. Caesaris Plin. Nat. Hist. lib. 4. c. 17 Am. Marcelliniâ— lib. 15. Cassiod Chro. Imperatoâ—bus Honor. et Theodosio Sigonium in Fastos Triumphos Romanorum Iacobi Dalechampij Annotat in li. 4. c. 17. N. Hist. Plinij a Comata Plin. Nat. Hist. l. 4. c. 17. Comata quorum populi Belgae Aquitani et Celtae Pomp. Mel. li. 3. Comata sic appellata quòd incolae studiosius comam alerent Iacob Dalechampij in l. 4. c. 17. Plin. Annotationes * v. C. Iul. Caesar. Com. Bel. Gall. lib. 1. c. 1. Strab. Geog. l. 4. Plin. Nat. Hist. l. 3. c. 5. l. 4. c. 17. a Ante Augustum Aquitania inter Garumnam fluvium contenta item in tres partes devisa Gallia Belgicam Celticam Aquitaniam Augustus Caesar in 4. partes Galliam devisit ita vt Celtas Narbonensi Provinciae tribueret Aquitanos eosdem cum lulio faceret ijsque auctis decem alias gentes intra Garumnam Ligerim inhabitantes reliquum in duas partes tribueret vnamque Lugduno adâ—ungeret vsque ad superiora Rheni alteram Belgis Strab. Geog. lib. 4. * v. Clau. Pt. Geog. l. 2. c. 7. Strab. l. 4. Pl. Nat. Hist. lib. 4. c. 19. Pomp. Mâ—l l. 3. Caes. Comm. Bel. Gall. l. 7. c. 2. 3. 4. 28. 32. Interpretationes Montani Petri Birtij in Ptol. Geog. lib. 2. c. 7. b Aquitani vnde nomen Provinciae Plin. N. Hist. lib. 4. c. 19. a Beginning after Caesar and Mela at the Garumna but according vnto Strabo Pliny and Ptolomy at the Loire * v. Claud. Ptol. Geog. l. 2. c. 8. Strab. l. 4. Plin. N. His. l. 4. c. 1 8. Pomp. Mel. l. 3. Iul. Caes. Comm. Bel. Gal. l. 1. c. 12. l. 3. c. 3. 5. lib. 5. c. 21. l. 6. c. 2. 3. 7. 8 lib. 7. c. 3. 5. 18. 19. 20. 22. 26. 27. 28. 29. 36. c. Interpret Montani P. Birtij in Claud. Ptol. lib. 2 c. 8. b Most probably extended further in regard of the strength and power of the people v. Caesar Co-Bel Gal. * v. Claud Ptol. Geog. l. 2. c. 9. Strab. l. 4. Plin. Nat. Hist. l. 3. c 5. l. 4. c. 17. Pomp. Mel. l. 3. Caes. Comment Belli Gallici lib 1 c 1 2 3 4 5. 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14. 15 19. lib 2 c 2 7 8. 10 11 lib 5 c 1 lib 6 c 2. 12 lib 7 c
of the nation to the South and East are fully accomplished the Sea-coasts of Afrique Brasil Asia perfectly viewed forts colonies of the Portugalls planted in convenient places the way to the East Indies by the backe of Afrique traced out the riches of the East brought by Sea into Europe the great navies and armies of the Aegyptian Sultans of other barbarous Princes discomfited ouerthrowne and no small part of Aethiopia India Persia subdued or made tributary Iohn the third son to Emanuel Sebastian son to Iohn Prince of Portugal son to Iohn the third With more then youthfull folly adventuring his person against the Moores in Afrique yong vnmarried without any knowne successour that might continue the house he was there vnfortunately slaine at the battaile of Alcaçar in the yeare 1578. Henry the second Cardinall and Bishop of Evoâ—a son to king Emanuel In this Prince being a Priest vnmarried and leauing no heires ended the line masculine of the kings of Portugal He deceased in the yeare 1580. Philip son to the Emperour Charles the fift Isabel daughter to king Emmanuel the first Monarch of Spaine since the Gothes his Competitour Don Antonio naturall son to Lewes son to king Emmanuel driuen out Philip the third son to Philip the second Philip the fourth son to Philip the third By this meanes after so many chaunges and successions Spaine as hath beene declared is become at this day divided into three distinct kingdomes vnited vnder one Monarch but otherwise differing in Lawes in the manner of their government 1 of Castille Leon whereof Navarra Granado are parts 2 of Aragon 3 of Portugal contayning together 18 lesser divisions or Provinces 1 of Portugall betwixt the rivers Minio Duero 2 betwixt the Duero Taio 3 betwixt the Taio Guadiana 4 Castillia la Veia 5 Castillia la Nueva 6 Asturia 7 Biscaia 8 Galitia 9 Guipuscoa 10 Navarra 11 Estremadura 12 Andaluzia 13 Granado 14 Murcia 15 Aragonia 16 Valentia 17 Catalonia 18 and the Land of Russillon The occasions of the names of Portugall Castille we haue before related Galitia Asturia were called thus from the Calaeci and Astures their auncient inhabitants Guipuscoa Biscaia corruptly from the Vascones intruding hereinto Granado Murcia Valentia from their chiefe cities thus named Aragonia from the riuer Arga or Aragon where the state begun Navarra from the more euen plainer situation thereof Andaluzia from the Vandals or Silingi there sometimes inhabiting Russillon from the auncient Castle so named Estremadura from the riuer Duero beyond the which it lay the bounds sometimes of the Christians Moores the name in continuance of time being remoued further from the riuer Southward vnto the Guadiana as it hapned vpon the like occasion vnto those of Northumberland in England and Austria or Oosterriech in Germany The name of Catalonia some haue drawne from the Catti and Alani there inhabiting together Others from the Catalauni an ancient French people Both vncertainly Their descriptions follow THE SEAVENTH BOOKE Contayning the Chorographicall description of Spaine PORTVGAL BOunded vpon the South and West with the Atlantique Ocean intercepted betwixt the rivers Guadiana and Duero vpon the North with the rivers Minio and Avia dividing it from Galicia and vpon the East with a line from the towne of Ribadania standing vpon the Avia drawne by the river Duero and the towne of Miranda vnto the Guadiana a litle below Badaios then with the river Guadiana continued from thence vnto the Ocean dividing it from Andaluzia Estremadura and the two Castilles It contayneth 400 miles in length in breadth where it is widest 100 miles where it is narrowest fourescore miles The country is healthy pleasant but not so fruitfull yeelding litle corne shipped hither for the greatest part from neighbouring countries enriched chiefely by meanes of the trade of the nation in Afrique Brasil and the Indies and rather by forreine then home-bred coÌ„modities It is divided into the parts named from their situations betwixt the Taio and Guadiana betwixt the Taio and the Duero and betwixt the Duero and Minio PORTVGAL BETVVIXT THE TAIO AND GVADIANA THis is the most wilde and desert part of the kingdome dry leane asperous peopled with few townes neither those very populous The South part hereof is named Algarve divided from the rest of the countrey by a line drawne from the Guadiana betwixt the litle rivulets Vataon and Careiras Westwards vnto the litle towne of Odeseiza vpon the Moores and with that title given to Alfonsus the third by Alfonsus the tenth king of Castille continued since in his Successours stiled now Kings of Portugal Algarve Chiefe townes here are Elvis Portelegre Bishops Sees Beia supposed to be Pax Iulia of Pliny Ptolemy then a Roman colonie and one of the 3 juridicall resorts of Lusitania The towne is meane and ill inhabited Setunel Salacia of Ptolemy now a noted port situated at the mouth of the river Palma Evora Ebora of Pliny Antoninus surnamed Faelicitas Iulia and free of the rights of the auncient Latines now an Arch-bishops See and Vniversity founded of late yeares by Cardinall Henry afterwards king of Portugall seated in the middest of a spacious pleasant plaine surrounded with wooddy mountaines the chiefe towne of the countrey Olivença beyond the river Guadiana in the parts belonging sometimes vnto Baetica In the kingdome of Algarve Tavila Balsa of Ptolemy Pliny Faro supposed to be Ossonoba of Ptolemy and Antoninus Lagos all three noted parts vpon the Ocean More within the land Sylvis a Bishops See Neere to Lagos lyeth the noted Promontory de Santo Vincente named thus from the reliques of that holy Martyr brought hither from Valentia by certaine persecuted Christians flying the cruelty of Abderrahmen the first king of the Spanish Moores remoued afterwards to Lisbona by king Ferdinand Strabo Ptolemy call it Promontorium Sacrum adjudged then to be the furthest point of the world towards the West The auncient inhabitants of this part of the kingdome were the Celtici and Turdetani of Ptolemy and Strabo continuate with those other of the same names inhabiting Baetica Strabo nameth the wedge of land where lyeth the Promontory Cuneum called thus from the forme thereof PORTVGAL BETVVIXT THE TAIO AND DVERO COntayning the part of the countrie lying betwixt those two rivers Chiefer townes are Lisbona Oliosipon of Ptolemy Olisipon of Antoninus Olyssippo of Solinus Olysipo of Pliny a municipium of the Romans surnamed Faelicitas Iulia afterwards made a kingdome of the Moores then vpon the surprisall thereof by Alfonsus the first the royall seate of the Kings of Portugal now an Archbishops seate the residence of the Vice-royes and a populous and flourishing Empory the staple of all the Merchandise comming from the conquests of the Portugals situated vpon fiue rising hills vpon the right shore of the river Taio and about fiue miles from the
long subjection to the French Crowne are at this day all incorporated into the generall name and accompt of Frenchmen The French alwayes haue beene a most warlike and victorious nation Sosimus in Iulianus during their abode in Germany giveth them the commendation of the most hardy and valiant people of all the Barbarians of that country Since their comming into Gaule and vnder the race of Meroue we read of many great affaires of theirs in Italy Spaine and Germany Charles the great advanced their victorious armes over all Europe establishing the Westerne Empire in his familie the name of the French for many descents Since the race of Capet they haue planted their victorious ensignes in all the quarters of Europe and in sundry parts of Asia and Africa as well in those glorious wars against the Infidells managed for the greatest part with souldiers of this nation as in their many warres nerer home against the jealous neighbouring Christians They haue given Emperours to Constantinople and Kings to England Portugal Naples Sicily Hungary Ciprus and Hierusalem They are now not so much dreaded for armes as in their more first barbarous times their auncient fiercenes being much abated thorough long luxury and ease vices incident to all flourishing states and the pleasure nicenes of such an effeminate countrey clime The moderne Frenchman are vsually of a middle stature by complection hot and moist of body delicate tender and very apt for the breeding and nourishing of diseases Naturally he is very merry and pleasant rather witty then wise open full of words of a free speech not graue or affected in his carriage fickle vnconstant stirring ready vpon the least occasion to take vp armes and with as much easines to lay them down againe in time of peace to entertain suites in law faction sedition domestique quarrels In warres he is rather furious then valiant hot at the first encounter but soone cooling impatient of delay and rather snatching then fairely expecting victory fighting with litle slight skill and with lesse foresight and judgement more happy and overcomming oftner in his sudden and vnthought of then in set battails and his premeditated attempts To describe him more fully reade the deepe graue stayed and secret Spaniard and take his contrary The Character is of others neither of their virtues but blemishes Great vices argue in other kinds noe lesse perfections The Roman Maiestie and Empire as before restored by them Religion propagated established the Westerne world subdued by their valour giue otherwise large testimony of their more then ordinary and transcendent worthinesse The severall languages here spoken are 1 the British now altogether in vse in the dioceses of S t Pol Treguier and Kemper or Bretaigne Bretonant and differing litle from the Cornish in England 2 the Basquish or the language of the Biscains spoken betwixt Baione Spaine or in the parts neighbouring vnto Guipuscoa 3 and the French common to the whole nation composed saith Pasquier of the Latine and the ancient languages of the Gaules and Frenchmen and distinguished into many different dialects The more auncient religion hereof was in a maner the same with other Heathens Their gods were Iupiter Apollo Mars Mercurie and Minerva to whom they attributed the like powers and vertues which did other Gentiles Amongst these they chiefely adored Mercury most probably for an especiall reverence they bore to learning whereof they acknowledged him to be the patron They also after my French Authour much honoured the Demi-god Hercules whom they pictured like an old bald-pate or gray-bearded Charon leading after him an infinite sort of people by a golden chaine fastned to his tongue and their eares their Priests given them thereby to vnderstand how that the great conquests which he attayned vnto were rather by faire and gentle language then by strong hand and violence and that cautelous and provident old age then rash inconsiderate youth is more fit for the managing of warlike affaires In their sacrifices to their Idols they vsed oftentimes to slay and offer vp men as for the publique so for their private weales when they were desperately sicke or otherwise in danger of their liues thinking that they could by no other meanes redeeme their distressed soules from the anger of their gods vnlesse by offering vp the soules liues of other men They most commonly served themselues in these vnnaturall cruelties with theeues murtherers notorious malefactours deeming such oblations most acceptable to their gods Their Priestes or Ministers of these sacrifices were the Druides a sect much honoured by them distinguished from the common sort and exempted from wars taxes contributions and all publique charges and governed by a chiefe or head of their owne They were also their judges in civill causes hauing power to excommunicate such stubborne persons as would not stand vnto their censure They were also to instruct the younger sort as in matters of religion so in Philosophie and humane learning which they did without acquainting them with the vse of characters or of writing reading fearing that bookes would make them too much to trust herevnto and to neglect the more profitable exercise of their memory Amongst other points now the deeper mysteries of their science they kept secret amongst themselues they taught their schollers the immortality of the soule and that after the departure thereof from one body it presently went into another to make them thereby to be more couragious in battaill and the lesse to feare death wherein the Gaules became so well perswaded that dying they would vsually haue buryed with them what things they loued best vnto their very bonds and papers of accompts as if they meant to demaund and pay their debts in that other world The learning hereof was first invented in great Bretaigne whether such as would more thoroughly be instructed vsed to repaire Beside the Druides they had likewise their Bardi and Eubagi whereof these were likewise in their kind Philosophers the Bardi onely professing a rude kind of Poetry or the making and singing of Ballads in the praise of their victorious auncestours but neither whereof had any interest in the office of the Priesthood The first by whom here the holy Gospell was preached was after Eusebius S t Crescens disciple to S t Paul mentioned in his 2 Epistle vnto Timothy and 2 Chapter The City or place where he should teach he setteth not downe Baronius out of the Roman Martyrologye nameth Vienna The Church of Mentz otherwise challenge him to be their founder a city in auncient Gallia or Gaule but excluded the present France The Magdeburgenses from some Histories of the Saints adde Nathaniel the supposed Apostle of the Bituriges and Treveri and Lazarus whom Christ raised from the dead Saturninus the Apost of the Massilians Tholouse Baronius out of the Roman Martyrologie S t Denys Bishop of Paris S